Mercurial > emacs
annotate doc/misc/gnus-faq.texi @ 98007:883843ca3292
* verilog-mode.el (verilog-library-extensions): Enable .sv
filename extensions to call verilog-mode.
(verilog-auto, verilog-auto-inst, verilog-faq)
(verilog-submit-bug-report): Update author support URLs.
(verilog-delete-auto, verilog-auto-inout-module)
(verilog-auto-inout-comp, verilog-auto): Add AUTOINOUTCOMP for
creating complemented testbench modules. Suggested by Yishay
Belkind.
(verilog-auto-inst-port, verilog-simplify-range-expression): When
verilog-auto-inst-param-value is set, don't require a
AUTO_TEMPLATE to expand parameter substitutions. Suggested by
Yishay Belkind.
(verilog-auto-inst-param-value): Add safe variable.
(verilog-re-search-forward, verilog-re-search-backward): Fix
returning wrong search results on Emacs 22.1.
(verilog-modi-cache-results, verilog-auto): Fix warning message
about "toggling font-lock-mode."
(verilog-auto): Fix loosing font-lock on errors.
(verilog-auto-inst-param-value, verilog-mode-version)
(verilog-mode-version-date, verilog-read-inst-param-value)
(verilog-auto-inst, verilog-auto-inst-param)
(verilog-auto-inst-port, verilog-simplify-range-expression): Allow
parameters to be replaced with their values, on the expansion of
an AUTOINST with Verilog 2001 style parameter settings. Suggested
by David Rogoff.
* verilog-mode.el (verilog-beg-block-re-ordered, verilog-calc-1):
Better support for the property statement. Sometimes this keyword
introduces a statement which requires an endproperty keyword, and
sometimes it doesn't, dependening on the work before the property
word. If property is prefixed with assert, assume or cover
keyword, then the statement is ended with a ';' Otherwise,
property is like task or specify, and is followed by some number
of statements, which are ended with an endproperty keyword.
(electric-verilog-tab): Support Emacs 22.2 style handling of tab
in a highlighted region: indent each line in region according to
mode. Supply this so it works in XEmacs and older Emacs.
author | Dan Nicolaescu <dann@ics.uci.edu> |
---|---|
date | Fri, 05 Sep 2008 22:13:55 +0000 |
parents | be43dd7afc91 |
children | cb5d2387102c |
rev | line source |
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84299 | 1 @c \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- |
2 @c Uncomment 1st line before texing this file alone. | |
3 @c %**start of header | |
87903 | 4 @c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, |
5 @c 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
84299 | 6 @c |
7 @c Do not modify this file, it was generated from gnus-faq.xml, available from | |
8 @c <URL:http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/>. | |
9 @c | |
10 @setfilename gnus-faq.info | |
11 @settitle Frequently Asked Questions | |
12 @c %**end of header | |
13 @c | |
14 | |
15 @node Frequently Asked Questions | |
16 @section Frequently Asked Questions | |
17 | |
18 @menu | |
19 * FAQ - Changes:: | |
20 * FAQ - Introduction:: About Gnus and this FAQ. | |
21 * FAQ 1 - Installation FAQ:: Installation of Gnus. | |
22 * FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer:: Start up questions and the | |
23 first buffer Gnus shows you. | |
24 * FAQ 3 - Getting Messages:: Making Gnus read your mail | |
25 and news. | |
26 * FAQ 4 - Reading messages:: How to efficiently read | |
27 messages. | |
28 * FAQ 5 - Composing messages:: Composing mails or Usenet | |
29 postings. | |
30 * FAQ 6 - Old messages:: Importing, archiving, | |
31 searching and deleting messages. | |
32 * FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment:: Reading mail and news while | |
33 offline. | |
34 * FAQ 8 - Getting help:: When this FAQ isn't enough. | |
35 * FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus:: How to make Gnus faster. | |
36 * FAQ - Glossary:: Terms used in the FAQ | |
37 explained. | |
38 @end menu | |
39 | |
40 @subheading Abstract | |
41 | |
42 This is the new Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list. | |
43 If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at | |
44 @uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}, | |
45 the Docbook source is available from | |
46 @uref{http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnus/, http://sourceforge.net}. | |
47 | |
48 Please submit features and suggestions to the | |
49 @email{faq-discuss@@my.gnus.org, FAQ discussion list}. | |
50 The list is protected against junk mail with | |
51 @uref{http://smarden.org/qconfirm/index.html, qconfirm}. As | |
52 a subscriber, your submissions will automatically pass. You can | |
53 also subscribe to the list by sending a blank email to | |
54 @email{faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org, faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org} | |
55 and @uref{http://mail1.kens.com/cgi-bin/ezmlm-browse?command=monthbythread%26list=faq-discuss, browse | |
56 the archive (BROKEN)}. | |
57 | |
58 @node FAQ - Changes | |
59 @subheading Changes | |
60 | |
61 | |
62 | |
63 @itemize @bullet | |
64 | |
65 @item | |
96024 | 66 2008-06-15: Adjust for message-fill-column. Add x-face-file. |
67 Clarify difference between ding and gnu.emacs.gnus. Remove | |
68 reference to discontinued service. | |
69 | |
70 @item | |
71 2006-04-15: Added tip on how to delete sent buffer on exit. | |
84299 | 72 @end itemize |
73 | |
74 @node FAQ - Introduction | |
75 @subheading Introduction | |
76 | |
77 This is the Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list. | |
78 | |
79 Gnus is a Usenet Newsreader and Electronic Mail User Agent implemented | |
80 as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade | |
81 now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of | |
82 that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The | |
83 original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA. | |
84 When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and | |
85 decided to rewrite Gnus. | |
86 | |
87 Its biggest strength is the fact that it is extremely | |
88 customizable. It is somewhat intimidating at first glance, but | |
89 most of the complexity can be ignored until you're ready to take | |
90 advantage of it. If you receive a reasonable volume of e-mail | |
91 (you're on various mailing lists), or you would like to read | |
92 high-volume mailing lists but cannot keep up with them, or read | |
93 high volume newsgroups or are just bored, then Gnus is what you | |
94 want. | |
95 | |
96 This FAQ was maintained by Justin Sheehy until March 2002. He | |
97 would like to thank Steve Baur and Per Abrahamsen for doing a wonderful | |
98 job with this FAQ before him. We would like to do the same - thanks, | |
99 Justin! | |
100 | |
101 If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at: | |
102 @uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}. | |
103 This version is much nicer than the unofficial hypertext | |
104 versions that are archived at Utrecht, Oxford, Smart Pages, Ohio | |
105 State, and other FAQ archives. See the resources question below | |
106 if you want information on obtaining it in another format. | |
107 | |
108 The information contained here was compiled with the assistance | |
109 of the Gnus development mailing list, and any errors or | |
110 misprints are the my.gnus.org team's fault, sorry. | |
111 | |
112 @node FAQ 1 - Installation FAQ | |
113 @subsection Installation FAQ | |
114 | |
115 @menu | |
96024 | 116 * FAQ 1-1:: What is the latest version of Gnus? |
117 * FAQ 1-2:: What's new in 5.10? | |
118 * FAQ 1-3:: Where and how to get Gnus? | |
119 * FAQ 1-4:: What to do with the tarball now? | |
120 * FAQ 1-5:: I sometimes read references to No Gnus and Oort Gnus, | |
121 what are those? | |
122 * FAQ 1-6:: Which version of Emacs do I need? | |
123 * FAQ 1-7:: How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs? | |
84299 | 124 @end menu |
125 | |
96024 | 126 @node FAQ 1-1 |
84299 | 127 @subsubheading Question 1.1 |
128 | |
129 What is the latest version of Gnus? | |
130 | |
131 @subsubheading Answer | |
132 | |
133 Jingle please: Gnus 5.10 is released, get it while it's | |
134 hot! As well as the step in version number is rather | |
135 small, Gnus 5.10 has tons of new features which you | |
85713
f023b81ee7b4
* gnus.texi, gnus-faq.texi, message.texi: Bump version to Gnus v5.13.
Reiner Steib <Reiner.Steib@gmx.de>
parents:
85712
diff
changeset
|
136 shouldn't miss. The current release (5.13) should be at |
84299 | 137 least as stable as the latest release of the 5.8 series. |
138 | |
96024 | 139 @node FAQ 1-2 |
84299 | 140 @subsubheading Question 1.2 |
141 | |
142 What's new in 5.10? | |
143 | |
144 @subsubheading Answer | |
145 | |
146 First of all, you should have a look into the file | |
147 GNUS-NEWS in the toplevel directory of the Gnus tarball, | |
148 there the most important changes are listed. Here's a | |
149 short list of the changes I find especially | |
150 important/interesting: | |
151 | |
152 @itemize @bullet | |
153 | |
154 @item | |
155 Major rewrite of the Gnus agent, Gnus agent is now | |
156 active by default. | |
157 | |
158 @item | |
159 Many new article washing functions for dealing with | |
160 ugly formatted articles. | |
161 | |
162 @item | |
163 Anti Spam features. | |
164 | |
165 @item | |
166 Message-utils now included in Gnus. | |
167 | |
168 @item | |
169 New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g. %B for | |
170 a complex trn-style thread tree. | |
171 @end itemize | |
172 | |
96024 | 173 @node FAQ 1-3 |
84299 | 174 @subsubheading Question 1.3 |
175 | |
176 Where and how to get Gnus? | |
177 | |
178 @subsubheading Answer | |
179 | |
180 Gnus is released independent from releases of Emacs and XEmacs. | |
181 Therefore, the version bundled with Emacs or the version in XEmacs' | |
182 package system might not be up to date (e.g. Gnus 5.9 bundled with Emacs | |
96024 | 183 21 is outdated). |
84299 | 184 You can get the latest released version of Gnus from |
96024 | 185 @uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz} |
186 or via anonymous FTP from | |
84299 | 187 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnus.org/pub/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}. |
188 | |
96024 | 189 @node FAQ 1-4 |
84299 | 190 @subsubheading Question 1.4 |
191 | |
192 What to do with the tarball now? | |
193 | |
194 @subsubheading Answer | |
195 | |
196 Untar it via @samp{tar xvzf gnus.tar.gz} and do the common | |
197 @samp{./configure; make; make install} circle. | |
198 (under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from | |
199 @uref{http://www.cygwin.com} | |
200 which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the | |
201 tarball with some packer (e.g. Winace from | |
202 @uref{http://www.winace.com}) | |
203 and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install | |
204 Gnus.) If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus | |
205 system-wide, you can install it in your home directory and add the | |
206 following lines to your ~/.xemacs/init.el or ~/.emacs: | |
207 | |
208 @example | |
209 (add-to-list 'load-path "/path/to/gnus/lisp") | |
210 (if (featurep 'xemacs) | |
211 (add-to-list 'Info-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/") | |
212 (add-to-list 'Info-default-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/")) | |
213 @end example | |
214 @noindent | |
215 | |
216 Make sure that you don't have any Gnus related stuff | |
217 before this line, on MS Windows use something like | |
218 "C:/path/to/lisp" (yes, "/"). | |
219 | |
96024 | 220 @node FAQ 1-5 |
84299 | 221 @subsubheading Question 1.5 |
222 | |
223 I sometimes read references to No Gnus and Oort Gnus, | |
224 what are those? | |
225 | |
226 @subsubheading Answer | |
227 | |
228 Oort Gnus was the name of the development version of | |
229 Gnus, which became Gnus 5.10 in autumn 2003. No Gnus is | |
230 the name of the current development version which will | |
231 once become Gnus 5.12 or Gnus 6. (If you're wondering why | |
232 not 5.11, the odd version numbers are normally used for | |
233 the Gnus versions bundled with Emacs) | |
234 | |
96024 | 235 @node FAQ 1-6 |
84299 | 236 @subsubheading Question 1.6 |
237 | |
238 Which version of Emacs do I need? | |
239 | |
240 @subsubheading Answer | |
241 | |
242 Gnus 5.10 requires an Emacs version that is greater than or equal | |
243 to Emacs 20.7 or XEmacs 21.1. | |
244 The development versions of Gnus (aka No Gnus) requires Emacs 21 | |
245 or XEmacs 21.4. | |
246 | |
96024 | 247 @node FAQ 1-7 |
84299 | 248 @subsubheading Question 1.7 |
249 | |
250 How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs? | |
251 | |
252 @subsubheading Answer | |
253 | |
254 You can't use the same copy of Gnus in both as the Lisp | |
255 files are byte-compiled to a format which is different | |
256 depending on which Emacs did the compilation. Get one copy | |
257 of Gnus for Emacs and one for XEmacs. | |
258 | |
259 @node FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer | |
260 @subsection Startup / Group buffer | |
261 | |
262 @menu | |
96024 | 263 * FAQ 2-1:: Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save |
264 file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean and | |
265 how to prevent it? | |
266 * FAQ 2-2:: Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, | |
267 what's this? | |
268 * FAQ 2-3:: How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer? | |
269 * FAQ 2-4:: My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to | |
270 sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse through | |
271 them? | |
272 * FAQ 2-5:: How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to | |
273 sort the groups in a topic? | |
84299 | 274 @end menu |
275 | |
96024 | 276 @node FAQ 2-1 |
84299 | 277 @subsubheading Question 2.1 |
278 | |
279 Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save | |
280 file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean | |
281 and how to prevent it? | |
282 | |
283 @subsubheading Answer | |
284 | |
285 This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it | |
286 wasn't properly exited and therefor couldn't write its | |
287 informations to disk (e.g. which messages you read), you | |
288 are now asked if you want to restore those informations | |
289 from the auto-save file. | |
290 | |
291 To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus | |
292 via @samp{q} in group buffer instead of | |
293 just killing Emacs. | |
294 | |
96024 | 295 @node FAQ 2-2 |
84299 | 296 @subsubheading Question 2.2 |
297 | |
298 Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, | |
299 what's this? | |
300 | |
301 @subsubheading Answer | |
302 | |
303 You get the message described in the q/a pair above while | |
304 starting Gnus, right? It's an other symptom for the same | |
305 problem, so read the answer above. | |
306 | |
96024 | 307 @node FAQ 2-3 |
84299 | 308 @subsubheading Question 2.3 |
309 | |
310 How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer? | |
311 | |
312 @subsubheading Answer | |
313 | |
314 You've got to tweak the value of the variable | |
315 gnus-group-line-format. See the manual node "Group Line | |
316 Specification" for information on how to do this. An | |
317 example for this (guess from whose .gnus :-)): | |
318 | |
319 @example | |
320 (setq gnus-group-line-format "%P%M%S[%5t]%5y : %(%g%)\n") | |
321 @end example | |
322 @noindent | |
323 | |
96024 | 324 @node FAQ 2-4 |
84299 | 325 @subsubheading Question 2.4 |
326 | |
327 My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to | |
328 sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse | |
329 through them? | |
330 | |
331 @subsubheading Answer | |
332 | |
333 Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your | |
334 groups in, well, topics, e.g. all groups dealing with | |
335 Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under | |
336 the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under | |
337 the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music. | |
338 | |
339 To enter topic mode, just hit t while in Group buffer. Now | |
340 you can use @samp{T n} to create a topic | |
341 at point and @samp{T m} to move a group to | |
342 a specific topic. For more commands see the manual or the | |
343 menu. You might want to include the %P specifier at the | |
344 beginning of your gnus-group-line-format variable to have | |
345 the groups nicely indented. | |
346 | |
96024 | 347 @node FAQ 2-5 |
84299 | 348 @subsubheading Question 2.5 |
349 | |
350 How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to | |
351 sort the groups in a topic? | |
352 | |
353 @subsubheading Answer | |
354 | |
355 Move point over the group you want to move and | |
356 hit @samp{C-k}, now move point to the | |
357 place where you want the group to be and | |
358 hit @samp{C-y}. | |
359 | |
360 @node FAQ 3 - Getting Messages | |
361 @subsection Getting Messages | |
362 | |
363 @menu | |
96024 | 364 * FAQ 3-1:: I just installed Gnus, started it via @samp{M-x gnus} |
365 but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do? | |
366 * FAQ 3-2:: I'm working under Windows and have no idea what | |
367 ~/.gnus.el means. | |
368 * FAQ 3-3:: My news server requires authentication, how to store | |
369 user name and password on disk? | |
370 * FAQ 3-4:: Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to | |
371 subscribe to a group. | |
372 * FAQ 3-5:: Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed | |
373 to post on this server as well as I am, what's that? | |
374 * FAQ 3-6:: I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this | |
375 possible? | |
376 * FAQ 3-7:: And how about local spool files? | |
377 * FAQ 3-8:: OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to | |
378 read my mail with Gnus, too. How to do it? | |
379 * FAQ 3-9:: And what about IMAP? | |
380 * FAQ 3-10:: At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, | |
381 can I use Gnus to read my mail from it? | |
382 * FAQ 3-11:: Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it | |
383 retrieves via POP3? | |
84299 | 384 @end menu |
385 | |
96024 | 386 @node FAQ 3-1 |
84299 | 387 @subsubheading Question 3.1 |
388 | |
389 I just installed Gnus, started it via | |
390 @samp{M-x gnus} | |
391 but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do? | |
392 | |
393 @subsubheading Answer | |
394 | |
395 You've got to tell Gnus where to fetch the news from. Read | |
396 the documentation for information on how to do this. As a | |
397 first start, put those lines in ~/.gnus.el: | |
398 | |
399 @example | |
400 (setq gnus-select-method '(nntp "news.yourprovider.net")) | |
401 (setq user-mail-address "you@@yourprovider.net") | |
402 (setq user-full-name "Your Name") | |
403 @end example | |
404 @noindent | |
405 | |
96024 | 406 @node FAQ 3-2 |
84299 | 407 @subsubheading Question 3.2 |
408 | |
409 I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus.el means. | |
410 | |
411 @subsubheading Answer | |
412 | |
413 The ~/ means the home directory where Gnus and Emacs look | |
414 for the configuration files. However, you don't really | |
415 need to know what this means, it suffices that Emacs knows | |
416 what it means :-) You can type | |
417 @samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus.el RET } | |
418 (yes, with the forward slash, even on Windows), and | |
419 Emacs will open the right file for you. (It will most | |
420 likely be new, and thus empty.) | |
421 However, I'd discourage you from doing so, since the | |
422 directory Emacs chooses will most certainly not be what | |
423 you want, so let's do it the correct way. | |
424 The first thing you've got to do is to | |
425 create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory name | |
426 please) e.g. c:\myhome. Then you must set the environment | |
427 variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Win9x | |
428 or Me include the line | |
429 | |
430 @example | |
431 SET HOME=C:\myhome | |
432 @end example | |
433 @noindent | |
434 | |
435 in your autoexec.bat and reboot. Under NT, 2000 and XP, hit | |
96024 | 436 Winkey+Pause/Break to enter system options (if it doesn't work, go |
437 to Control Panel -> System -> Advanced). There you'll find the | |
438 possibility to set environment variables. Create a new one with | |
439 name HOME and value C:\myhome. Rebooting is not necessary. | |
84299 | 440 |
441 Now to create ~/.gnus.el, say | |
442 @samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus.el RET C-x C-s}. | |
443 in Emacs. | |
444 | |
96024 | 445 @node FAQ 3-3 |
84299 | 446 @subsubheading Question 3.3 |
447 | |
448 My news server requires authentication, how to store | |
449 user name and password on disk? | |
450 | |
451 @subsubheading Answer | |
452 | |
453 Create a file ~/.authinfo which includes for each server a line like this | |
454 | |
455 @example | |
456 machine news.yourprovider.net login YourUserName password YourPassword | |
457 @end example | |
458 @noindent | |
459 . | |
460 Make sure that the file isn't readable to others if you | |
461 work on a OS which is capable of doing so. (Under Unix | |
462 say | |
463 @example | |
464 chmod 600 ~/.authinfo | |
465 @end example | |
466 @noindent | |
467 | |
468 in a shell.) | |
469 | |
96024 | 470 @node FAQ 3-4 |
84299 | 471 @subsubheading Question 3.4 |
472 | |
473 Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to | |
474 subscribe to a group. | |
475 | |
476 @subsubheading Answer | |
477 | |
478 If you know the name of the group say @samp{U | |
479 name.of.group RET} in group buffer (use the | |
480 tab-completion Luke). Otherwise hit ^ in group buffer, | |
481 this brings you to the server buffer. Now place point (the | |
482 cursor) over the server which carries the group you want, | |
483 hit @samp{RET}, move point to the group | |
484 you want to subscribe to and say @samp{u} | |
485 to subscribe to it. | |
486 | |
96024 | 487 @node FAQ 3-5 |
84299 | 488 @subsubheading Question 3.5 |
489 | |
490 Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to | |
491 post on this server as well as I am, what's that? | |
492 | |
493 @subsubheading Answer | |
494 | |
495 Some providers allow restricted anonymous access and full | |
496 access only after authorization. To make Gnus send authinfo | |
497 to those servers append | |
498 | |
499 @example | |
500 force yes | |
501 @end example | |
502 @noindent | |
503 | |
504 to the line for those servers in ~/.authinfo. | |
505 | |
96024 | 506 @node FAQ 3-6 |
84299 | 507 @subsubheading Question 3.6 |
508 | |
509 I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible? | |
510 | |
511 @subsubheading Answer | |
512 | |
513 Of course. You can specify more sources for articles in the | |
514 variable gnus-secondary-select-methods. Add something like | |
515 this in ~/.gnus.el: | |
516 | |
517 @example | |
518 (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods | |
519 '(nntp "news.yourSecondProvider.net")) | |
520 (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods | |
521 '(nntp "news.yourThirdProvider.net")) | |
522 @end example | |
523 @noindent | |
524 | |
96024 | 525 @node FAQ 3-7 |
84299 | 526 @subsubheading Question 3.7 |
527 | |
528 And how about local spool files? | |
529 | |
530 @subsubheading Answer | |
531 | |
532 No problem, this is just one more select method called | |
533 nnspool, so you want this: | |
534 | |
535 @example | |
536 (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnspool "")) | |
537 @end example | |
538 @noindent | |
539 | |
540 Or this if you don't want an NNTP Server as primary news source: | |
541 | |
542 @example | |
543 (setq gnus-select-method '(nnspool "")) | |
544 @end example | |
545 @noindent | |
546 | |
547 Gnus will look for the spool file in /usr/spool/news, if you | |
548 want something different, change the line above to something like this: | |
549 | |
550 @example | |
551 (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods | |
552 '(nnspool "" | |
553 (nnspool-directory "/usr/local/myspoolddir"))) | |
554 @end example | |
555 @noindent | |
556 | |
557 This sets the spool directory for this server only. | |
558 You might have to specify more stuff like the program used | |
559 to post articles, see the Gnus manual on how to do this. | |
560 | |
96024 | 561 @node FAQ 3-8 |
84299 | 562 @subsubheading Question 3.8 |
563 | |
564 OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail | |
565 with Gnus, too. How to do it? | |
566 | |
567 @subsubheading Answer | |
568 | |
569 That's a bit harder since there are many possible sources | |
570 for mail, many possible ways for storing mail and many | |
571 different ways for sending mail. The most common cases are | |
572 these: 1: You want to read your mail from a pop3 server and | |
573 send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like | |
574 fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from | |
575 where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by | |
576 Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA. Sometimes, you even | |
577 need a combination of the above cases. | |
578 | |
579 However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way | |
580 it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end | |
581 to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most | |
582 commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file | |
583 and is therefor quite fast. However you might prefer a one | |
584 file per group approach if your file system has problems with | |
585 many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the | |
586 choice for you. To use nnml add the following to ~/.gnus.el: | |
587 | |
588 @example | |
589 (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnml "")) | |
590 @end example | |
591 @noindent | |
592 | |
593 As you might have guessed, if you want nnfolder, it's | |
594 | |
595 @example | |
596 (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnfolder "")) | |
597 @end example | |
598 @noindent | |
599 | |
600 Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get it's mail from. If | |
601 it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this: | |
602 | |
603 @example | |
604 (eval-after-load "mail-source" | |
605 '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(pop :server "pop.YourProvider.net" | |
606 :user "yourUserName" | |
607 :password "yourPassword"))) | |
608 @end example | |
609 @noindent | |
610 | |
611 Make sure ~/.gnus.el isn't readable to others if you store | |
612 your password there. If you want to read your mail from a | |
613 traditional spool file on your local machine, it's | |
614 | |
615 @example | |
616 (eval-after-load "mail-source" | |
617 '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(file :path "/path/to/spool/file")) | |
618 @end example | |
619 @noindent | |
620 | |
621 If it's a Maildir, with one file per message as used by | |
622 postfix, Qmail and (optionally) fetchmail it's | |
623 | |
624 @example | |
625 (eval-after-load "mail-source" | |
626 '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(maildir :path "/path/to/Maildir/" | |
627 :subdirs ("cur" "new"))) | |
628 @end example | |
629 @noindent | |
630 | |
631 And finally if you want to read your mail from several files | |
632 in one directory, for example because procmail already split your | |
633 mail, it's | |
634 | |
635 @example | |
636 (eval-after-load "mail-source" | |
637 '(add-to-list 'mail-sources | |
638 '(directory :path "/path/to/procmail-dir/" | |
639 :suffix ".prcml"))) | |
640 @end example | |
641 @noindent | |
642 | |
643 Where :suffix ".prcml" tells Gnus only to use files with the | |
644 suffix .prcml. | |
645 | |
646 OK, now you only need to tell Gnus how to send mail. If you | |
647 want to send mail via sendmail (or whichever MTA is playing | |
648 the role of sendmail on your system), you don't need to do | |
649 anything. However, if you want to send your mail to an | |
650 SMTP Server you need the following in your ~/.gnus.el | |
651 | |
652 @example | |
653 (setq send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it) | |
654 (setq message-send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it) | |
655 (setq smtpmail-default-smtp-server "smtp.yourProvider.net") | |
656 @end example | |
657 @noindent | |
658 | |
96024 | 659 @node FAQ 3-9 |
84299 | 660 @subsubheading Question 3.9 |
661 | |
662 And what about IMAP? | |
663 | |
664 @subsubheading Answer | |
665 | |
666 There are two ways of using IMAP with Gnus. The first one is | |
667 to use IMAP like POP3, that means Gnus fetches the mail from | |
668 the IMAP server and stores it on disk. If you want to do | |
669 this (you don't really want to do this) add the following to | |
670 ~/.gnus.el | |
671 | |
672 @example | |
673 (add-to-list 'mail-sources '(imap :server "mail.mycorp.com" | |
674 :user "username" | |
675 :pass "password" | |
676 :stream network | |
677 :authentication login | |
678 :mailbox "INBOX" | |
679 :fetchflag "\\Seen")) | |
680 @end example | |
681 @noindent | |
682 | |
683 You might have to tweak the values for stream and/or | |
684 authentication, see the Gnus manual node "Mail Source | |
685 Specifiers" for possible values. | |
686 | |
687 If you want to use IMAP the way it's intended, you've got to | |
688 follow a different approach. You've got to add the nnimap | |
689 back end to your select method and give the information | |
690 about the server there. | |
691 | |
692 @example | |
693 (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods | |
694 '(nnimap "Give the baby a name" | |
695 (nnimap-address "imap.yourProvider.net") | |
696 (nnimap-port 143) | |
697 (nnimap-list-pattern "archive.*"))) | |
698 @end example | |
699 @noindent | |
700 | |
701 Again, you might have to specify how to authenticate to the | |
702 server if Gnus can't guess the correct way, see the Manual | |
703 Node "IMAP" for detailed information. | |
704 | |
96024 | 705 @node FAQ 3-10 |
84299 | 706 @subsubheading Question 3.10 |
707 | |
708 At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use | |
709 Gnus to read my mail from it? | |
710 | |
711 @subsubheading Answer | |
712 | |
713 Offer your administrator a pair of new running shoes for | |
714 activating IMAP on the server and follow the instructions | |
715 above. | |
716 | |
96024 | 717 @node FAQ 3-11 |
84299 | 718 @subsubheading Question 3.11 |
719 | |
720 Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it | |
721 retrieves via POP3? | |
722 | |
723 @subsubheading Answer | |
724 | |
725 First of all, that's not the way POP3 is intended to work, | |
726 if you have the possibility, you should use the IMAP | |
727 Protocol if you want your messages to stay on the | |
728 server. Nevertheless there might be situations where you | |
729 need the feature, but sadly Gnus itself has no predefined | |
730 functionality to do so. | |
731 | |
732 However this is Gnus county so there are possibilities to | |
733 achieve what you want. The easiest way is to get an external | |
734 program which retrieves copies of the mail and stores them | |
735 on disk, so Gnus can read it from there. On Unix systems you | |
736 could use e.g. fetchmail for this, on MS Windows you can use | |
737 Hamster, an excellent local news and mail server. | |
738 | |
739 The other solution would be, to replace the method Gnus | |
740 uses to get mail from POP3 servers by one which is capable | |
741 of leaving the mail on the server. If you use XEmacs, get | |
742 the package mail-lib, it includes an enhanced pop3.el, | |
743 look in the file, there's documentation on how to tell | |
744 Gnus to use it and not to delete the retrieved mail. For | |
745 GNU Emacs look for the file epop3.el which can do the same | |
746 (If you know the home of this file, please send me an | |
747 e-mail). You can also tell Gnus to use an external program | |
748 (e.g. fetchmail) to fetch your mail, see the info node | |
749 "Mail Source Specifiers" in the Gnus manual on how to do | |
750 it. | |
751 | |
752 @node FAQ 4 - Reading messages | |
753 @subsection Reading messages | |
754 | |
755 @menu | |
96024 | 756 * FAQ 4-1:: When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to |
757 view them again? | |
758 * FAQ 4-2:: How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time | |
759 I enter a group, even when it's read? | |
760 * FAQ 4-3:: How to view the headers of a message? | |
761 * FAQ 4-4:: How to view the raw unformatted message? | |
762 * FAQ 4-5:: How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at | |
763 the top of the article buffer? | |
764 * FAQ 4-6:: I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the | |
765 text part if it's available. How to do it? | |
766 * FAQ 4-7:: Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my | |
767 HTML-mails? | |
768 * FAQ 4-8:: Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted | |
769 mails more readable? | |
770 * FAQ 4-9:: Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific | |
771 authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I | |
772 highlight more interesting ones in some way? | |
773 * FAQ 4-10:: How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, | |
774 or set other variables specific for some groups? | |
775 * FAQ 4-11:: Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to | |
776 those? | |
777 * FAQ 4-12:: The number of total messages in a group which Gnus | |
778 displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in mail | |
779 groups. Is this a bug? | |
780 * FAQ 4-13:: I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, | |
781 how to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display? | |
782 * FAQ 4-14:: I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to | |
783 tweak it? | |
784 * FAQ 4-15:: How to split incoming mails in several groups? | |
84299 | 785 @end menu |
786 | |
96024 | 787 @node FAQ 4-1 |
84299 | 788 @subsubheading Question 4.1 |
789 | |
790 When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again? | |
791 | |
792 @subsubheading Answer | |
793 | |
794 If you enter the group by saying | |
795 @samp{RET} | |
796 in group buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages are loaded. Say | |
797 @samp{C-u RET} | |
798 instead to load all available messages. If you want only the e.g. 300 newest say | |
799 @samp{C-u 300 RET} | |
800 | |
801 Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view enabled, say | |
802 | |
803 @example | |
804 (setq gnus-fetch-old-headers 'some) | |
805 @end example | |
806 @noindent | |
807 | |
808 in ~/.gnus.el to load enough old articles to prevent teared threads, replace 'some with t to load | |
809 all articles (Warning: Both settings enlarge the amount of data which is | |
810 fetched when you enter a group and slow down the process of entering a group). | |
811 | |
812 If you already use Gnus 5.10, you can say | |
813 @samp{/o N} | |
814 In summary buffer to load the last N messages, this feature is not available in 5.8.8 | |
815 | |
816 If you don't want all old messages, but the parent of the message you're just reading, | |
817 you can say @samp{^}, if you want to retrieve the whole thread | |
818 the message you're just reading belongs to, @samp{A T} is your friend. | |
819 | |
96024 | 820 @node FAQ 4-2 |
84299 | 821 @subsubheading Question 4.2 |
822 | |
823 How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I | |
824 enter a group, even when it's read? | |
825 | |
826 @subsubheading Answer | |
827 | |
828 You can tick important messages. To do this hit | |
829 @samp{u} while point is in summary buffer | |
830 over the message. When you want to remove the mark, hit | |
831 either @samp{d} (this deletes the tick | |
832 mark and set's unread mark) or @samp{M c} | |
833 (which deletes all marks for the message). | |
834 | |
96024 | 835 @node FAQ 4-3 |
84299 | 836 @subsubheading Question 4.3 |
837 | |
838 How to view the headers of a message? | |
839 | |
840 @subsubheading Answer | |
841 | |
842 Say @samp{t} | |
843 to show all headers, one more | |
844 @samp{t} | |
845 hides them again. | |
846 | |
96024 | 847 @node FAQ 4-4 |
84299 | 848 @subsubheading Question 4.4 |
849 | |
850 How to view the raw unformatted message? | |
851 | |
852 @subsubheading Answer | |
853 | |
854 Say | |
855 @samp{C-u g} | |
856 to show the raw message | |
857 @samp{g} | |
858 returns to normal view. | |
859 | |
96024 | 860 @node FAQ 4-5 |
84299 | 861 @subsubheading Question 4.5 |
862 | |
863 How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at | |
864 the top of the article buffer? | |
865 | |
866 @subsubheading Answer | |
867 | |
868 The variable gnus-visible-headers controls which headers | |
869 are shown, its value is a regular expression, header lines | |
870 which match it are shown. So if you want author, subject, | |
871 date, and if the header exists, Followup-To and MUA / NUA | |
872 say this in ~/.gnus.el: | |
873 | |
874 @example | |
875 (setq gnus-visible-headers | |
876 '("^From" "^Subject" "^Date" "^Newsgroups" "^Followup-To" | |
877 "^User-Agent" "^X-Newsreader" "^X-Mailer")) | |
878 @end example | |
879 @noindent | |
880 | |
96024 | 881 @node FAQ 4-6 |
84299 | 882 @subsubheading Question 4.6 |
883 | |
884 I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the | |
885 text part if it's available. How to do it? | |
886 | |
887 @subsubheading Answer | |
888 | |
889 Say | |
890 | |
891 @example | |
892 (eval-after-load "mm-decode" | |
893 '(progn | |
894 (add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/html") | |
895 (add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/richtext"))) | |
896 @end example | |
897 @noindent | |
898 | |
899 in ~/.gnus.el. If you don't want HTML rendered, even if there's no text alternative add | |
900 | |
901 @example | |
902 (setq mm-automatic-display (remove "text/html" mm-automatic-display)) | |
903 @end example | |
904 @noindent | |
905 | |
906 too. | |
907 | |
96024 | 908 @node FAQ 4-7 |
84299 | 909 @subsubheading Question 4.7 |
910 | |
911 Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails? | |
912 | |
913 @subsubheading Answer | |
914 | |
915 Only if you use Gnus 5.10 or younger. In this case you've got the | |
916 choice between w3, w3m, links, lynx and html2text, which | |
917 one is used can be specified in the variable | |
918 mm-text-html-renderer, so if you want links to render your | |
919 mail say | |
920 | |
921 @example | |
922 (setq mm-text-html-renderer 'links) | |
923 @end example | |
924 @noindent | |
925 | |
96024 | 926 @node FAQ 4-8 |
84299 | 927 @subsubheading Question 4.8 |
928 | |
929 Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails | |
930 more readable? | |
931 | |
932 @subsubheading Answer | |
933 | |
934 Gnus offers you several functions to "wash" incoming mail, you can | |
935 find them if you browse through the menu, item | |
936 Article->Washing. The most interesting ones are probably "Wrap | |
937 long lines" (@samp{W w}), "Decode ROT13" | |
938 (@samp{W r}) and "Outlook Deuglify" which repairs | |
939 the dumb quoting used by many users of Microsoft products | |
940 (@samp{W Y f} gives you full deuglify. | |
941 See @samp{W Y C-h} or have a look at the menus for | |
942 other deuglifications). Outlook deuglify is only available since | |
943 Gnus 5.10. | |
944 | |
96024 | 945 @node FAQ 4-9 |
84299 | 946 @subsubheading Question 4.9 |
947 | |
948 Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific | |
949 authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I | |
950 highlight more interesting ones in some way? | |
951 | |
952 @subsubheading Answer | |
953 | |
954 You want Scoring. Scoring means, that you define rules | |
955 which assign each message an integer value. Depending on | |
956 the value the message is highlighted in summary buffer (if | |
957 it's high, say +2000) or automatically marked read (if the | |
958 value is low, say -800) or some other action happens. | |
959 | |
960 There are basically three ways of setting up rules which assign | |
961 the scoring-value to messages. The first and easiest way is to set | |
962 up rules based on the article you are just reading. Say you're | |
963 reading a message by a guy who always writes nonsense and you want | |
964 to ignore his messages in the future. Hit | |
965 @samp{L}, to set up a rule which lowers the score. | |
966 Now Gnus asks you which the criteria for lowering the Score shall | |
967 be. Hit @samp{?} twice to see all possibilities, | |
968 we want @samp{a} which means the author (the from | |
969 header). Now Gnus wants to know which kind of matching we want. | |
970 Hit either @samp{e} for an exact match or | |
971 @samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards | |
972 everything but the name to score down all authors with the given | |
973 name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell | |
974 Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit e.g. | |
975 @samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last | |
976 forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say | |
977 @samp{I} instead of @samp{L}. | |
978 | |
979 You can also set up rules by hand. To do this say @samp{V | |
980 f} in summary buffer. Then you are asked for the name | |
981 of the score file, it's name.of.group.SCORE for rules valid in | |
982 only one group or all.Score for rules valid in all groups. See the | |
983 Gnus manual for the exact syntax, basically it's one big list | |
984 whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists | |
985 is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match, | |
986 which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the | |
987 matching. If you find me very interesting, you could e.g. add the | |
988 following to your all.Score: | |
989 | |
990 @example | |
991 (("references" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 500 nil s)) | |
992 ("message-id" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 999 nil s))) | |
993 @end example | |
994 @noindent | |
995 | |
996 This would add 999 to the score of messages written by me | |
997 and 500 to the score of messages which are a (possibly | |
998 indirect) answer to a message written by me. Of course | |
999 nobody with a sane mind would do this :-) | |
1000 | |
1001 The third alternative is adaptive scoring. This means Gnus | |
1002 watches you and tries to find out what you find | |
1003 interesting and what annoying and sets up rules | |
1004 which reflect this. Adaptive scoring can be a huge help | |
1005 when reading high traffic groups. If you want to activate | |
1006 adaptive scoring say | |
1007 | |
1008 @example | |
1009 (setq gnus-use-adaptive-scoring t) | |
1010 @end example | |
1011 @noindent | |
1012 | |
1013 in ~/.gnus.el. | |
1014 | |
96024 | 1015 @node FAQ 4-10 |
84299 | 1016 @subsubheading Question 4.10 |
1017 | |
1018 How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or | |
1019 set other variables specific for some groups? | |
1020 | |
1021 @subsubheading Answer | |
1022 | |
1023 While in group buffer move point over the group and hit | |
1024 @samp{G c}, this opens a buffer where you | |
1025 can set options for the group. At the bottom of the buffer | |
1026 you'll find an item that allows you to set variables | |
1027 locally for the group. To disable threading enter | |
1028 gnus-show-threads as name of variable and nil as | |
1029 value. Hit button done at the top of the buffer when | |
1030 you're ready. | |
1031 | |
96024 | 1032 @node FAQ 4-11 |
84299 | 1033 @subsubheading Question 4.11 |
1034 | |
1035 Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to | |
1036 those? | |
1037 | |
1038 @subsubheading Answer | |
1039 | |
1040 Stop those "Can I ..." questions, the answer is always yes | |
1041 in Gnus Country :-). It's a three step process: First we | |
1042 make faces (specifications of how summary-line shall look | |
1043 like) for those postings, then we'll give them some | |
1044 special score and finally we'll tell Gnus to use the new | |
1045 faces. You can find detailed instructions on how to do it on | |
1046 @uref{http://my.gnus.org/node/view/224, my.gnus.org} | |
1047 | |
96024 | 1048 @node FAQ 4-12 |
84299 | 1049 @subsubheading Question 4.12 |
1050 | |
1051 The number of total messages in a group which Gnus | |
1052 displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in | |
1053 mail groups. Is this a bug? | |
1054 | |
1055 @subsubheading Answer | |
1056 | |
1057 No, that's a matter of design of Gnus, fixing this would | |
1058 mean reimplementation of major parts of Gnus' | |
1059 back ends. Gnus thinks "highest-article-number - | |
1060 lowest-article-number = total-number-of-articles". This | |
1061 works OK for Usenet groups, but if you delete and move | |
1062 many messages in mail groups, this fails. To cure the | |
1063 symptom, enter the group via @samp{C-u RET} | |
1064 (this makes Gnus get all messages), then | |
1065 hit @samp{M P b} to mark all messages and | |
1066 then say @samp{B m name.of.group} to move | |
1067 all messages to the group they have been in before, they | |
1068 get new message numbers in this process and the count is | |
1069 right again (until you delete and move your mail to other | |
1070 groups again). | |
1071 | |
96024 | 1072 @node FAQ 4-13 |
84299 | 1073 @subsubheading Question 4.13 |
1074 | |
1075 I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how | |
1076 to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display? | |
1077 | |
1078 @subsubheading Answer | |
1079 | |
1080 You can control the windows configuration by calling the | |
1081 function gnus-add-configuration. The syntax is a bit | |
1082 complicated but explained very well in the manual node | |
1083 "Window Layout". Some popular examples: | |
1084 | |
1085 Instead 25% summary 75% article buffer 35% summary and 65% | |
1086 article (the 1.0 for article means "take the remaining | |
1087 space"): | |
1088 | |
1089 @example | |
1090 (gnus-add-configuration | |
1091 '(article (vertical 1.0 (summary .35 point) (article 1.0)))) | |
1092 @end example | |
1093 @noindent | |
1094 | |
1095 A three pane layout, Group buffer on the left, summary | |
1096 buffer top-right, article buffer bottom-right: | |
1097 | |
1098 @example | |
1099 (gnus-add-configuration | |
1100 '(article | |
1101 (horizontal 1.0 | |
1102 (vertical 25 | |
1103 (group 1.0)) | |
1104 (vertical 1.0 | |
1105 (summary 0.25 point) | |
1106 (article 1.0))))) | |
1107 (gnus-add-configuration | |
1108 '(summary | |
1109 (horizontal 1.0 | |
1110 (vertical 25 | |
1111 (group 1.0)) | |
1112 (vertical 1.0 | |
1113 (summary 1.0 point))))) | |
1114 @end example | |
1115 @noindent | |
1116 | |
96024 | 1117 @node FAQ 4-14 |
84299 | 1118 @subsubheading Question 4.14 |
1119 | |
1120 I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it? | |
1121 | |
1122 @subsubheading Answer | |
1123 | |
1124 You've got to play around with the variable | |
1125 gnus-summary-line-format. It's value is a string of | |
1126 symbols which stand for things like author, date, subject | |
1127 etc. A list of the available specifiers can be found in the | |
1128 manual node "Summary Buffer Lines" and the often forgotten | |
1129 node "Formatting Variables" and it's sub-nodes. There | |
1130 you'll find useful things like positioning the cursor and | |
1131 tabulators which allow you a summary in table form, but | |
1132 sadly hard tabulators are broken in 5.8.8. | |
1133 | |
1134 Since 5.10, Gnus offers you some very nice new specifiers, | |
1135 e.g. %B which draws a thread-tree and %&user-date which | |
1136 gives you a date where the details are dependent of the | |
1137 articles age. Here's an example which uses both: | |
1138 | |
1139 @example | |
1140 (setq gnus-summary-line-format ":%U%R %B %s %-60=|%4L |%-20,20f |%&user-date; \n") | |
1141 @end example | |
1142 @noindent | |
1143 | |
1144 resulting in: | |
1145 | |
1146 @example | |
1147 :O Re: [Richard Stallman] rfc2047.el | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:06 | |
1148 :O Re: Revival of the ding-patches list | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:12 | |
1149 :R > Re: Find correct list of articles for a gro| 25 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:16 | |
1150 :O \-> ... | 21 |Kai Grossjohann | 0:01 | |
1151 :R > Re: Cry for help: deuglify.el - moving stuf| 28 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:34 | |
1152 :O \-> ... | 115 |Raymond Scholz | 1:24 | |
1153 :O \-> ... | 19 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |15:33 | |
1154 :O Slow mailing list | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:49 | |
1155 :O Re: `@@' mark not documented | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:50 | |
1156 :R > Re: Gnus still doesn't count messages prope| 23 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:57 | |
1157 :O \-> ... | 18 |Kai Grossjohann | 0:35 | |
1158 :O \-> ... | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt | 0:56 | |
1159 @end example | |
1160 @noindent | |
1161 | |
96024 | 1162 @node FAQ 4-15 |
84299 | 1163 @subsubheading Question 4.15 |
1164 | |
1165 How to split incoming mails in several groups? | |
1166 | |
1167 @subsubheading Answer | |
1168 | |
1169 Gnus offers two possibilities for splitting mail, the easy | |
1170 nnmail-split-methods and the more powerful Fancy Mail | |
1171 Splitting. I'll only talk about the first one, refer to | |
1172 the manual, node "Fancy Mail Splitting" for the latter. | |
1173 | |
1174 The value of nnmail-split-methods is a list, each element | |
1175 is a list which stands for a splitting rule. Each rule has | |
1176 the form "group where matching articles should go to", | |
1177 "regular expression which has to be matched", the first | |
1178 rule which matches wins. The last rule must always be a | |
1179 general rule (regular expression .*) which denotes where | |
1180 articles should go which don't match any other rule. If | |
1181 the folder doesn't exist yet, it will be created as soon | |
1182 as an article lands there. By default the mail will be | |
1183 send to all groups whose rules match. If you | |
1184 don't want that (you probably don't want), say | |
1185 | |
1186 @example | |
1187 (setq nnmail-crosspost nil) | |
1188 @end example | |
1189 @noindent | |
1190 | |
1191 in ~/.gnus.el. | |
1192 | |
1193 An example might be better than thousand words, so here's | |
1194 my nnmail-split-methods. Note that I send duplicates in a | |
1195 special group and that the default group is spam, since I | |
1196 filter all mails out which are from some list I'm | |
1197 subscribed to or which are addressed directly to me | |
1198 before. Those rules kill about 80% of the Spam which | |
1199 reaches me (Email addresses are changed to prevent spammers | |
1200 from using them): | |
1201 | |
1202 @example | |
1203 (setq nnmail-split-methods | |
1204 '(("duplicates" "^Gnus-Warning:.*duplicate") | |
1205 ("XEmacs-NT" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@xemacs.invalid.*") | |
1206 ("Gnus-Tut" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@socha.invalid.*") | |
1207 ("tcsh" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@mx.gw.invalid.*") | |
1208 ("BAfH" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@.*uni-muenchen.invalid.*") | |
1209 ("Hamster-src" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*hamster-sourcen@@yahoogroups.\\(de\\|com\\).*") | |
1210 ("Tagesschau" "^From: tagesschau <localpart@@www.tagesschau.invalid>$") | |
1211 ("Replies" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid.*") | |
1212 ("EK" "^From:.*\\(localpart@@privateprovider.invalid\\|localpart@@workplace.invalid\\).*") | |
1213 ("Spam" "^Content-Type:.*\\(ks_c_5601-1987\\|EUC-KR\\|big5\\|iso-2022-jp\\).*") | |
1214 ("Spam" "^Subject:.*\\(This really work\\|XINGA\\|ADV:\\|XXX\\|adult\\|sex\\).*") | |
1215 ("Spam" "^Subject:.*\\(\=\?ks_c_5601-1987\?\\|\=\?euc-kr\?\\|\=\?big5\?\\).*") | |
1216 ("Spam" "^X-Mailer:\\(.*BulkMailer.*\\|.*MIME::Lite.*\\|\\)") | |
1217 ("Spam" "^X-Mailer:\\(.*CyberCreek Avalanche\\|.*http\:\/\/GetResponse\.com\\)") | |
1218 ("Spam" "^From:.*\\(verizon\.net\\|prontomail\.com\\|money\\|ConsumerDirect\\).*") | |
1219 ("Spam" "^Delivered-To: GMX delivery to spamtrap@@gmx.invalid$") | |
1220 ("Spam" "^Received: from link2buy.com") | |
1221 ("Spam" "^CC: .*azzrael@@t-online.invalid") | |
1222 ("Spam" "^X-Mailer-Version: 1.50 BETA") | |
1223 ("Uni" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@uni-koblenz.invalid.*") | |
1224 ("Inbox" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*\\(my\ name\\|address@@one.invalid\\|adress@@two.invalid\\)") | |
1225 ("Spam" ""))) | |
1226 @end example | |
1227 @noindent | |
1228 | |
1229 @node FAQ 5 - Composing messages | |
1230 @subsection Composing messages | |
1231 | |
1232 @menu | |
96024 | 1233 * FAQ 5-1:: What are the basic commands I need to know for sending |
1234 mail and postings? | |
1235 * FAQ 5-2:: How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing | |
1236 messages? | |
1237 * FAQ 5-3:: How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, | |
1238 signature...? | |
1239 * FAQ 5-4:: Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on | |
1240 the group I post too? | |
1241 * FAQ 5-5:: Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly | |
1242 spell-checking? | |
1243 * FAQ 5-6:: Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting | |
1244 to? | |
1245 * FAQ 5-7:: Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't | |
1246 remember all those email addresses? | |
1247 * FAQ 5-8:: Sometimes I see little images at the top of article | |
1248 buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my postings, | |
1249 too? | |
1250 * FAQ 5-9:: Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in | |
1251 newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in | |
1252 newsgroups? | |
1253 * FAQ 5-10:: How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header? | |
1254 * FAQ 5-11:: I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and | |
1255 news, how to do it? | |
1256 * FAQ 5-12:: I want Gnus to kill the buffer after successful sending | |
1257 instead of keeping it alive as "Sent mail to...", how to do it? | |
1258 * FAQ 5-13:: People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why | |
1259 aren't they and how to fix it? | |
84299 | 1260 @end menu |
1261 | |
96024 | 1262 @node FAQ 5-1 |
84299 | 1263 @subsubheading Question 5.1 |
1264 | |
1265 What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and postings? | |
1266 | |
1267 @subsubheading Answer | |
1268 | |
1269 To start composing a new mail hit @samp{m} | |
1270 either in Group or Summary buffer, for a posting, it's | |
1271 either @samp{a} in Group buffer and | |
1272 filling the Newsgroups header manually | |
1273 or @samp{a} in the Summary buffer of the | |
1274 group where the posting shall be send to. Replying by mail | |
1275 is | |
1276 @samp{r} if you don't want to cite the | |
1277 author, or import the cited text manually and | |
1278 @samp{R} to cite the text of the original | |
1279 message. For a follow up to a newsgroup, it's | |
1280 @samp{f} and @samp{F} | |
1281 (analogously to @samp{r} and | |
1282 @samp{R}). | |
1283 | |
1284 Enter new headers above the line saying "--text follows | |
1285 this line--", enter the text below the line. When ready | |
1286 hit @samp{C-c C-c}, to send the message, | |
1287 if you want to finish it later hit @samp{C-c | |
1288 C-d} to save it in the drafts group, where you | |
1289 can start editing it again by saying @samp{D | |
1290 e}. | |
1291 | |
96024 | 1292 @node FAQ 5-2 |
84299 | 1293 @subsubheading Question 5.2 |
1294 | |
1295 How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages? | |
1296 | |
1297 @subsubheading Answer | |
1298 | |
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1299 Starting from No Gnus, automatic word-wrap is already enabled by |
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1300 default, see the variable message-fill-column. |
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1301 |
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1302 For other versions of Gnus, say |
84299 | 1303 |
1304 @example | |
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1305 (unless (boundp 'message-fill-column) |
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1306 (add-hook 'message-mode-hook |
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1307 (lambda () |
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1308 (setq fill-column 72) |
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1309 (turn-on-auto-fill)))) |
84299 | 1310 @end example |
1311 @noindent | |
1312 | |
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1313 in ~/.gnus.el. |
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1314 |
96024 | 1315 You can reformat a paragraph by hitting @samp{M-q} |
1316 (as usual). | |
1317 | |
1318 @node FAQ 5-3 | |
84299 | 1319 @subsubheading Question 5.3 |
1320 | |
1321 How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...? | |
1322 | |
1323 @subsubheading Answer | |
1324 | |
1325 There are other ways, but you should use posting styles | |
1326 for this. (See below why). | |
1327 This example should make the syntax clear: | |
1328 | |
1329 @example | |
1330 (setq gnus-posting-styles | |
1331 '((".*" | |
1332 (name "Frank Schmitt") | |
1333 (address "me@@there.invalid") | |
1334 (organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi") | |
1335 (signature-file "~/.signature") | |
1336 ("X-SampleHeader" "foobar") | |
1337 (eval (setq some-variable "Foo bar"))))) | |
1338 @end example | |
1339 @noindent | |
1340 | |
1341 The ".*" means that this settings are the default ones | |
1342 (see below), valid values for the first element of the | |
1343 following lists are signature, signature-file, | |
1344 organization, address, name or body. The attribute name | |
1345 can also be a string. In that case, this will be used as | |
1346 a header name, and the value will be inserted in the | |
1347 headers of the article; if the value is `nil', the header | |
1348 name will be removed. You can also say (eval (foo bar)), | |
1349 then the function foo will be evaluated with argument bar | |
1350 and the result will be thrown away. | |
1351 | |
96024 | 1352 @node FAQ 5-4 |
84299 | 1353 @subsubheading Question 5.4 |
1354 | |
1355 Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the group I post too? | |
1356 | |
1357 @subsubheading Answer | |
1358 | |
1359 That's the strength of posting styles. Before, we used ".*" | |
1360 to set the default for all groups. You can use a regexp | |
1361 like "^gmane" and the following settings are only applied | |
1362 to postings you send to the gmane hierarchy, use | |
1363 ".*binaries" instead and they will be applied to postings | |
1364 send to groups containing the string binaries in their | |
1365 name etc. | |
1366 | |
1367 You can instead of specifying a regexp specify a function | |
1368 which is evaluated, only if it returns true, the | |
1369 corresponding settings take effect. Two interesting | |
1370 candidates for this are message-news-p which returns t if | |
1371 the current Group is a newsgroup and the corresponding | |
1372 message-mail-p. | |
1373 | |
1374 Note that all forms that match are applied, that means in | |
1375 the example below, when I post to | |
1376 gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general, the settings under | |
1377 ".*" are applied and the settings under message-news-p and | |
1378 those under "^gmane" and those under | |
1379 "^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$". Because | |
1380 of this put general settings at the top and specific ones | |
1381 at the bottom. | |
1382 | |
1383 @example | |
1384 (setq gnus-posting-styles | |
1385 '((".*" ;;default | |
1386 (name "Frank Schmitt") | |
1387 (organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi") | |
1388 (signature-file "~/.signature")) | |
1389 ((message-news-p) ;;Usenet news? | |
1390 (address "mySpamTrap@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid") | |
1391 (reply-to "hereRealRepliesOnlyPlease@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid")) | |
1392 ((message-mail-p) ;;mail? | |
1393 (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid")) | |
1394 ("^gmane" ;;this is mail, too in fact | |
1395 (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid") | |
1396 (reply-to nil)) | |
1397 ("^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$" | |
1398 (eval (set (make-local-variable 'message-sendmail-envelope-from) | |
1399 "Azzrael@@rz-online.de"))))) | |
1400 @end example | |
1401 @noindent | |
1402 | |
96024 | 1403 @node FAQ 5-5 |
84299 | 1404 @subsubheading Question 5.5 |
1405 | |
1406 Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking? | |
1407 | |
1408 @subsubheading Answer | |
1409 | |
1410 You can use ispell.el to spell-check stuff in Emacs. So the | |
1411 first thing to do is to make sure that you've got either | |
1412 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/fmg-members/geoff/ispell.html, ispell} | |
1413 or @uref{http://aspell.sourceforge.net/, aspell} | |
1414 installed and in your Path. Then you need | |
1415 @uref{http://www.kdstevens.com/~stevens/ispell-page.html, ispell.el} | |
1416 and for on-the-fly spell-checking | |
1417 @uref{http://www-sop.inria.fr/mimosa/personnel/Manuel.Serrano/flyspell/flyspell.html, flyspell.el}. | |
1418 Ispell.el is shipped with Emacs and available through the XEmacs package system, | |
1419 flyspell.el is shipped with Emacs and part of XEmacs text-modes package which is | |
1420 available through the package system, so there should be no need to install them | |
1421 manually. | |
1422 | |
1423 Ispell.el assumes you use ispell, if you choose aspell say | |
1424 | |
1425 @example | |
1426 (setq ispell-program-name "aspell") | |
1427 @end example | |
1428 @noindent | |
1429 | |
1430 in your Emacs configuration file. | |
1431 | |
1432 If you want your outgoing messages to be spell-checked, say | |
1433 | |
1434 @example | |
1435 (add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message) | |
1436 @end example | |
1437 @noindent | |
1438 | |
1439 In your ~/.gnus.el, if you prefer on-the-fly spell-checking say | |
1440 | |
1441 @example | |
1442 (add-hook 'message-mode-hook (lambda () (flyspell-mode 1))) | |
1443 @end example | |
1444 @noindent | |
1445 | |
96024 | 1446 @node FAQ 5-6 |
84299 | 1447 @subsubheading Question 5.6 |
1448 | |
1449 Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to? | |
1450 | |
1451 @subsubheading Answer | |
1452 | |
1453 Yes, say something like | |
1454 | |
1455 @example | |
1456 (add-hook 'gnus-select-group-hook | |
1457 (lambda () | |
1458 (cond | |
1459 ((string-match | |
1460 "^de\\." (gnus-group-real-name gnus-newsgroup-name)) | |
1461 (ispell-change-dictionary "deutsch8")) | |
1462 (t | |
1463 (ispell-change-dictionary "english"))))) | |
1464 @end example | |
1465 @noindent | |
1466 | |
1467 in ~/.gnus.el. Change "^de\\." and "deutsch8" to something | |
1468 that suits your needs. | |
1469 | |
96024 | 1470 @node FAQ 5-7 |
84299 | 1471 @subsubheading Question 5.7 |
1472 | |
1473 Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember | |
1474 all those email addresses? | |
1475 | |
1476 @subsubheading Answer | |
1477 | |
1478 There's an very basic solution for this, mail aliases. | |
1479 You can store your mail addresses in a ~/.mailrc file using a simple | |
1480 alias syntax: | |
1481 | |
1482 @example | |
1483 alias al "Al <al@@english-heritage.invalid>" | |
1484 @end example | |
1485 @noindent | |
1486 | |
1487 Then typing your alias (followed by a space or punctuation | |
1488 character) on a To: or Cc: line in the message buffer will | |
1489 cause Gnus to insert the full address for you. See the | |
1490 node "Mail Aliases" in Message (not Gnus) manual for | |
1491 details. | |
1492 | |
1493 However, what you really want is the Insidious Big Brother | |
1494 Database bbdb. Get it through the XEmacs package system or from | |
1495 @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/, bbdb's homepage}. | |
1496 Now place the following in ~/.gnus.el, to activate bbdb for Gnus: | |
1497 | |
1498 @example | |
1499 (require 'bbdb) | |
1500 (bbdb-initialize 'gnus 'message) | |
1501 @end example | |
1502 @noindent | |
1503 | |
1504 Now you probably want some general bbdb configuration, | |
1505 place them in ~/.emacs: | |
1506 | |
1507 @example | |
1508 (require 'bbdb) | |
1509 ;;If you don't live in Northern America, you should disable the | |
1510 ;;syntax check for telephone numbers by saying | |
1511 (setq bbdb-north-american-phone-numbers-p nil) | |
1512 ;;Tell bbdb about your email address: | |
1513 (setq bbdb-user-mail-names | |
1514 (regexp-opt '("Your.Email@@here.invalid" | |
1515 "Your.other@@mail.there.invalid"))) | |
1516 ;;cycling while completing email addresses | |
1517 (setq bbdb-complete-name-allow-cycling t) | |
1518 ;;No popup-buffers | |
1519 (setq bbdb-use-pop-up nil) | |
1520 @end example | |
1521 @noindent | |
1522 | |
1523 Now you should be ready to go. Say @samp{M-x bbdb RET | |
1524 RET} to open a bbdb buffer showing all | |
1525 entries. Say @samp{c} to create a new | |
1526 entry, @samp{b} to search your BBDB and | |
1527 @samp{C-o} to add a new field to an | |
1528 entry. If you want to add a sender to the BBDB you can | |
1529 also just hit `:' on the posting in the summary buffer and | |
1530 you are done. When you now compose a new mail, | |
1531 hit @samp{TAB} to cycle through know | |
1532 recipients. | |
1533 | |
96024 | 1534 @node FAQ 5-8 |
84299 | 1535 @subsubheading Question 5.8 |
1536 | |
1537 Sometimes I see little images at the top of article | |
1538 buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my | |
1539 postings, too? | |
1540 | |
1541 @subsubheading Answer | |
1542 | |
1543 Those images are called X-Faces. They are 48*48 pixel b/w | |
1544 pictures, encoded in a header line. If you want to include | |
1545 one in your posts, you've got to convert some image to a | |
1546 X-Face. So fire up some image manipulation program (say | |
1547 Gimp), open the image you want to include, cut out the | |
1548 relevant part, reduce color depth to 1 bit, resize to | |
1549 48*48 and save as bitmap. Now you should get the compface | |
1550 package from | |
1551 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu:/pub/faces/, this site}. | |
1552 and create the actual X-face by saying | |
1553 | |
1554 @example | |
1555 cat file.xbm | xbm2ikon | compface > file.face | |
1556 cat file.face | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g;s/\"/\\\"/g;' > file.face.quoted | |
1557 @end example | |
1558 @noindent | |
1559 | |
1560 If you can't use compface, there's an online X-face converter at | |
1561 @uref{http://www.dairiki.org/xface/}. | |
1562 If you use MS Windows, you could also use the WinFace program from | |
1563 @uref{http://www.xs4all.nl/~walterln/winface/}. | |
1564 Now you only have to tell Gnus to include the X-face in your postings by saying | |
1565 | |
1566 @example | |
1567 (setq message-default-headers | |
1568 (with-temp-buffer | |
1569 (insert "X-Face: ") | |
1570 (insert-file-contents "~/.xface") | |
1571 (buffer-string))) | |
1572 @end example | |
1573 @noindent | |
1574 | |
1575 in ~/.gnus.el. If you use Gnus 5.10, you can simply add an entry | |
1576 | |
1577 @example | |
1578 (x-face-file "~/.xface") | |
1579 @end example | |
1580 @noindent | |
1581 | |
1582 to gnus-posting-styles. | |
1583 | |
96024 | 1584 @node FAQ 5-9 |
84299 | 1585 @subsubheading Question 5.9 |
1586 | |
1587 Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in | |
1588 newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in | |
1589 newsgroups? | |
1590 | |
1591 @subsubheading Answer | |
1592 | |
1593 Put this in ~/.gnus.el: | |
1594 | |
1595 @example | |
1596 (setq gnus-confirm-mail-reply-to-news t) | |
1597 @end example | |
1598 @noindent | |
1599 | |
1600 if you already use Gnus 5.10, if you still use 5.8.8 or | |
1601 5.9 try this instead: | |
1602 | |
1603 @example | |
1604 (eval-after-load "gnus-msg" | |
1605 '(unless (boundp 'gnus-confirm-mail-reply-to-news) | |
1606 (defadvice gnus-summary-reply (around reply-in-news activate) | |
1607 "Request confirmation when replying to news." | |
1608 (interactive) | |
1609 (when (or (not (gnus-news-group-p gnus-newsgroup-name)) | |
1610 (y-or-n-p "Really reply by mail to article author? ")) | |
1611 ad-do-it)))) | |
1612 @end example | |
1613 @noindent | |
1614 | |
96024 | 1615 @node FAQ 5-10 |
84299 | 1616 @subsubheading Question 5.10 |
1617 | |
1618 How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header? | |
1619 | |
1620 @subsubheading Answer | |
1621 | |
1622 Since 5.10 Gnus doesn't generate a sender header by | |
1623 default. For older Gnus' try this in ~/.gnus.el: | |
1624 | |
1625 @example | |
1626 (eval-after-load "message" | |
1627 '(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled))) | |
1628 @end example | |
1629 @noindent | |
1630 | |
96024 | 1631 @node FAQ 5-11 |
84299 | 1632 @subsubheading Question 5.11 |
1633 | |
1634 I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and | |
1635 news, how to do it? | |
1636 | |
1637 @subsubheading Answer | |
1638 | |
1639 You must set the variable gnus-message-archive-group to do | |
1640 this. You can set it to a string giving the name of the | |
1641 group where the copies shall go or like in the example | |
1642 below use a function which is evaluated and which returns | |
1643 the group to use. | |
1644 | |
1645 @example | |
1646 (setq gnus-message-archive-group | |
1647 '((if (message-news-p) | |
1648 "nnml:Send-News" | |
1649 "nnml:Send-Mail"))) | |
1650 @end example | |
1651 @noindent | |
1652 | |
96024 | 1653 @node FAQ 5-12 |
84299 | 1654 @subsubheading Question 5.12 |
1655 | |
96024 | 1656 I want Gnus to kill the buffer after successful sending instead of keeping |
1657 it alive as "Sent mail to...", how to do it? | |
1658 | |
1659 @subsubheading Answer | |
1660 | |
1661 Add this to your ~/.gnus: | |
1662 | |
1663 @example | |
1664 (setq message-kill-buffer-on-exit t) | |
1665 @end example | |
1666 @noindent | |
1667 | |
1668 @node FAQ 5-13 | |
1669 @subsubheading Question 5.13 | |
1670 | |
84299 | 1671 People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why |
1672 aren't they and how to fix it? | |
1673 | |
1674 @subsubheading Answer | |
1675 | |
1676 The message-ID is an unique identifier for messages you | |
1677 send. To make it unique, Gnus need to know which machine | |
1678 name to put after the "@@". If the name of the machine | |
1679 where Gnus is running isn't suitable (it probably isn't | |
1680 at most private machines) you can tell Gnus what to use | |
1681 by saying: | |
1682 | |
1683 @example | |
1684 (setq message-user-fqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld") | |
1685 @end example | |
1686 @noindent | |
1687 | |
1688 in ~/.gnus.el. If you use Gnus 5.9 or earlier, you can use this | |
96024 | 1689 instead (works for newer versions as well): |
84299 | 1690 |
1691 @example | |
1692 (eval-after-load "message" | |
1693 '(let ((fqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld"));; <-- Edit this! | |
1694 (if (boundp 'message-user-fqdn) | |
1695 (setq message-user-fqdn fqdn) | |
1696 (gnus-message 1 "Redefining `message-make-fqdn'.") | |
1697 (defun message-make-fqdn () | |
1698 "Return user's fully qualified domain name." | |
1699 fqdn)))) | |
1700 @end example | |
1701 @noindent | |
1702 | |
1703 If you have no idea what to insert for | |
1704 "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld", you've got several | |
1705 choices. You can either ask your provider if he allows | |
1706 you to use something like | |
1707 yourUserName.userfqdn.provider.net, or you can use | |
1708 somethingUnique.yourdomain.tld if you own the domain | |
1709 yourdomain.tld, or you can register at a service which | |
85712
a3c27999decb
Update Gnus to No Gnus 0.7 from the Gnus CVS trunk
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
84299
diff
changeset
|
1710 gives private users a FQDN for free. |
84299 | 1711 |
1712 Finally you can tell Gnus not to generate a Message-ID | |
1713 for News at all (and letting the server do the job) by saying | |
1714 | |
1715 @example | |
1716 (setq message-required-news-headers | |
1717 (remove' Message-ID message-required-news-headers)) | |
1718 @end example | |
1719 @noindent | |
1720 | |
1721 you can also tell Gnus not to generate Message-IDs for mail by saying | |
1722 | |
1723 @example | |
1724 (setq message-required-mail-headers | |
1725 (remove' Message-ID message-required-mail-headers)) | |
1726 @end example | |
1727 @noindent | |
1728 | |
1729 , however some mail servers don't generate proper | |
1730 Message-IDs, too, so test if your Mail Server behaves | |
1731 correctly by sending yourself a Mail and looking at the Message-ID. | |
1732 | |
1733 @node FAQ 6 - Old messages | |
1734 @subsection Old messages | |
1735 | |
1736 @menu | |
96024 | 1737 * FAQ 6-1:: How to import my old mail into Gnus? |
1738 * FAQ 6-2:: How to archive interesting messages? | |
1739 * FAQ 6-3:: How to search for a specific message? | |
1740 * FAQ 6-4:: How to get rid of old unwanted mail? | |
1741 * FAQ 6-5:: I want that all read messages are expired (at least in | |
1742 some groups). How to do it? | |
1743 * FAQ 6-6:: I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move | |
1744 them to another group. | |
84299 | 1745 @end menu |
1746 | |
96024 | 1747 @node FAQ 6-1 |
84299 | 1748 @subsubheading Question 6.1 |
1749 | |
1750 How to import my old mail into Gnus? | |
1751 | |
1752 @subsubheading Answer | |
1753 | |
1754 The easiest way is to tell your old mail program to | |
1755 export the messages in mbox format. Most Unix mailers | |
1756 are able to do this, if you come from the MS Windows | |
1757 world, you may find tools at | |
1758 @uref{http://mbx2mbox.sourceforge.net/}. | |
1759 | |
1760 Now you've got to import this mbox file into Gnus. To do | |
1761 this, create a nndoc group based on the mbox file by | |
1762 saying @samp{G f /path/file.mbox RET} in | |
1763 Group buffer. You now have read-only access to your | |
1764 mail. If you want to import the messages to your normal | |
1765 Gnus mail groups hierarchy, enter the nndoc group you've | |
1766 just created by saying @samp{C-u RET} | |
1767 (thus making sure all messages are retrieved), mark all | |
1768 messages by saying @samp{M P b} and | |
1769 either copy them to the desired group by saying | |
1770 @samp{B c name.of.group RET} or send them | |
1771 through nnmail-split-methods (respool them) by saying | |
1772 @samp{B r}. | |
1773 | |
96024 | 1774 @node FAQ 6-2 |
84299 | 1775 @subsubheading Question 6.2 |
1776 | |
1777 How to archive interesting messages? | |
1778 | |
1779 @subsubheading Answer | |
1780 | |
1781 If you stumble across an interesting message, say in | |
1782 gnu.emacs.gnus and want to archive it there are several | |
1783 solutions. The first and easiest is to save it to a file | |
1784 by saying @samp{O f}. However, wouldn't | |
1785 it be much more convenient to have more direct access to | |
1786 the archived message from Gnus? If you say yes, put this | |
1787 snippet by Frank Haun <pille3003@@fhaun.de> in | |
1788 ~/.gnus.el: | |
1789 | |
1790 @example | |
1791 (defun my-archive-article (&optional n) | |
1792 "Copies one or more article(s) to a corresponding `nnml:' group, e.g. | |
1793 `gnus.ding' goes to `nnml:1.gnus.ding'. And `nnml:List-gnus.ding' goes | |
1794 to `nnml:1.List-gnus-ding'. | |
1795 | |
1796 Use process marks or mark a region in the summary buffer to archive | |
1797 more then one article." | |
1798 (interactive "P") | |
1799 (let ((archive-name | |
1800 (format | |
1801 "nnml:1.%s" | |
1802 (if (featurep 'xemacs) | |
1803 (replace-in-string gnus-newsgroup-name "^.*:" "") | |
1804 (replace-regexp-in-string "^.*:" "" gnus-newsgroup-name))))) | |
1805 (gnus-summary-copy-article n archive-name))) | |
1806 @end example | |
1807 @noindent | |
1808 | |
1809 You can now say @samp{M-x | |
1810 my-archive-article} in summary buffer to | |
1811 archive the article under the cursor in a nnml | |
1812 group. (Change nnml to your preferred back end) | |
1813 | |
1814 Of course you can also make sure the cache is enabled by saying | |
1815 | |
1816 @example | |
1817 (setq gnus-use-cache t) | |
1818 @end example | |
1819 @noindent | |
1820 | |
1821 then you only have to set either the tick or the dormant | |
1822 mark for articles you want to keep, setting the read | |
1823 mark will remove them from cache. | |
1824 | |
96024 | 1825 @node FAQ 6-3 |
84299 | 1826 @subsubheading Question 6.3 |
1827 | |
1828 How to search for a specific message? | |
1829 | |
1830 @subsubheading Answer | |
1831 | |
1832 There are several ways for this, too. For a posting from | |
1833 a Usenet group the easiest solution is probably to ask | |
1834 @uref{http://groups.google.com, groups.google.com}, | |
1835 if you found the posting there, tell Google to display | |
1836 the raw message, look for the message-id, and say | |
1837 @samp{M-^ the@@message.id RET} in a | |
1838 summary buffer. | |
1839 Since Gnus 5.10 there's also a Gnus interface for | |
1840 groups.google.com which you can call with | |
1841 @samp{G W}) in group buffer. | |
1842 | |
1843 Another idea which works for both mail and news groups | |
1844 is to enter the group where the message you are | |
1845 searching is and use the standard Emacs search | |
1846 @samp{C-s}, it's smart enough to look at | |
1847 articles in collapsed threads, too. If you want to | |
1848 search bodies, too try @samp{M-s} | |
1849 instead. Further on there are the | |
1850 gnus-summary-limit-to-foo functions, which can help you, | |
1851 too. | |
1852 | |
1853 Of course you can also use grep to search through your | |
1854 local mail, but this is both slow for big archives and | |
1855 inconvenient since you are not displaying the found mail | |
1856 in Gnus. Here comes nnir into action. Nnir is a front end | |
1857 to search engines like swish-e or swish++ and | |
1858 others. You index your mail with one of those search | |
1859 engines and with the help of nnir you can search trough | |
1860 the indexed mail and generate a temporary group with all | |
1861 messages which met your search criteria. If this sound | |
1862 cool to you get nnir.el from | |
1863 @uref{ftp://ls6-ftp.cs.uni-dortmund.de/pub/src/emacs/} | |
1864 or @uref{ftp://ftp.is.informatik.uni-duisburg.de/pub/src/emacs/}. | |
1865 Instructions on how to use it are at the top of the file. | |
1866 | |
96024 | 1867 @node FAQ 6-4 |
84299 | 1868 @subsubheading Question 6.4 |
1869 | |
1870 How to get rid of old unwanted mail? | |
1871 | |
1872 @subsubheading Answer | |
1873 | |
1874 You can of course just mark the mail you don't need | |
1875 anymore by saying @samp{#} with point | |
1876 over the mail and then say @samp{B DEL} | |
1877 to get rid of them forever. You could also instead of | |
1878 actually deleting them, send them to a junk-group by | |
1879 saying @samp{B m nnml:trash-bin} which | |
1880 you clear from time to time, but both are not the intended | |
1881 way in Gnus. | |
1882 | |
1883 In Gnus, we let mail expire like news expires on a news | |
1884 server. That means you tell Gnus the message is | |
1885 expirable (you tell Gnus "I don't need this mail | |
1886 anymore") by saying @samp{E} with point | |
1887 over the mail in summary buffer. Now when you leave the | |
1888 group, Gnus looks at all messages which you marked as | |
1889 expirable before and if they are old enough (default is | |
1890 older than a week) they are deleted. | |
1891 | |
96024 | 1892 @node FAQ 6-5 |
84299 | 1893 @subsubheading Question 6.5 |
1894 | |
1895 I want that all read messages are expired (at least in | |
1896 some groups). How to do it? | |
1897 | |
1898 @subsubheading Answer | |
1899 | |
1900 If you want all read messages to be expired (e.g. in | |
1901 mailing lists where there's an online archive), you've | |
1902 got two choices: auto-expire and | |
1903 total-expire. Auto-expire means, that every article | |
1904 which has no marks set and is selected for reading is | |
1905 marked as expirable, Gnus hits @samp{E} | |
1906 for you every time you read a message. Total-expire | |
1907 follows a slightly different approach, here all article | |
1908 where the read mark is set are expirable. | |
1909 | |
1910 To activate auto-expire, include auto-expire in the | |
1911 Group parameters for the group. (Hit @samp{G | |
1912 c} in summary buffer with point over the | |
1913 group to change group parameters). For total-expire add | |
1914 total-expire to the group-parameters. | |
1915 | |
1916 Which method you choose is merely a matter of taste: | |
1917 Auto-expire is faster, but it doesn't play together with | |
1918 Adaptive Scoring, so if you want to use this feature, | |
1919 you should use total-expire. | |
1920 | |
1921 If you want a message to be excluded from expiration in | |
1922 a group where total or auto expire is active, set either | |
1923 tick (hit @samp{u}) or dormant mark (hit | |
1924 @samp{u}), when you use auto-expire, you | |
1925 can also set the read mark (hit | |
1926 @samp{d}). | |
1927 | |
96024 | 1928 @node FAQ 6-6 |
84299 | 1929 @subsubheading Question 6.6 |
1930 | |
1931 I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them | |
1932 to another group. | |
1933 | |
1934 @subsubheading Answer | |
1935 | |
1936 Say something like this in ~/.gnus.el: | |
1937 | |
1938 @example | |
1939 (setq nnmail-expiry-target "nnml:expired") | |
1940 @end example | |
1941 @noindent | |
1942 | |
1943 (If you want to change the value of nnmail-expiry-target | |
1944 on a per group basis see the question "How can I disable | |
1945 threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set other | |
1946 variables specific for some groups?") | |
1947 | |
1948 @node FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment | |
1949 @subsection Gnus in a dial-up environment | |
1950 | |
1951 @menu | |
96024 | 1952 * FAQ 7-1:: I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can I |
1953 minimize the time I've got to be connected? | |
1954 * FAQ 7-2:: So what was this thing about the Agent? | |
1955 * FAQ 7-3:: I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do | |
1956 it? | |
1957 * FAQ 7-4:: How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings | |
1958 while I'm offline? | |
84299 | 1959 @end menu |
1960 | |
96024 | 1961 @node FAQ 7-1 |
84299 | 1962 @subsubheading Question 7.1 |
1963 | |
1964 I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can | |
1965 I minimize the time I've got to be connected? | |
1966 | |
1967 @subsubheading Answer | |
1968 | |
1969 You've got basically two options: Either you use the | |
1970 Gnus Agent (see below) for this, or you can install | |
1971 programs which fetch your news and mail to your local | |
1972 disk and Gnus reads the stuff from your local | |
1973 machine. | |
1974 | |
1975 If you want to follow the second approach, you need a | |
1976 program which fetches news and offers them to Gnus, a | |
1977 program which does the same for mail and a program which | |
1978 receives the mail you write from Gnus and sends them | |
1979 when you're online. | |
1980 | |
1981 Let's talk about Unix systems first: For the news part, | |
1982 the easiest solution is a small nntp server like | |
1983 @uref{http://www.leafnode.org/, Leafnode} or | |
1984 @uref{http://infa.abo.fi/~patrik/sn/, sn}, | |
1985 of course you can also install a full featured news | |
1986 server like | |
1987 @uref{http://www.isc.org/products/INN/, inn}. | |
1988 Then you want to fetch your Mail, popular choices | |
1989 are @uref{http://www.catb.org/~esr/fetchmail/, fetchmail} | |
1990 and @uref{http://www.qcc.ca/~charlesc/software/getmail-3.0/, getmail}. | |
1991 You should tell those to write the mail to your disk and | |
1992 Gnus to read it from there. Last but not least the mail | |
1993 sending part: This can be done with every MTA like | |
1994 @uref{http://www.sendmail.org/, sendmail}, | |
1995 @uref{http://www.qmail.org/, postfix}, | |
1996 @uref{http://www.exim.org/, exim} or | |
1997 @uref{http://www.qmail.org/, qmail}. | |
1998 | |
1999 On windows boxes I'd vote for | |
2000 @uref{http://www.tglsoft.de/, Hamster}, | |
2001 it's a small freeware, open-source program which fetches | |
2002 your mail and news from remote servers and offers them | |
2003 to Gnus (or any other mail and/or news reader) via nntp | |
2004 respectively POP3 or IMAP. It also includes a smtp | |
2005 server for receiving mails from Gnus. | |
2006 | |
96024 | 2007 @node FAQ 7-2 |
84299 | 2008 @subsubheading Question 7.2 |
2009 | |
2010 So what was this thing about the Agent? | |
2011 | |
2012 @subsubheading Answer | |
2013 | |
2014 The Gnus agent is part of Gnus, it allows you to fetch | |
2015 mail and news and store them on disk for reading them | |
2016 later when you're offline. It kind of mimics offline | |
2017 newsreaders like e.g. Forte Agent. If you want to use | |
2018 the Agent place the following in ~/.gnus.el if you are | |
2019 still using 5.8.8 or 5.9 (it's the default since 5.10): | |
2020 | |
2021 @example | |
2022 (setq gnus-agent t) | |
2023 @end example | |
2024 @noindent | |
2025 | |
2026 Now you've got to select the servers whose groups can be | |
2027 stored locally. To do this, open the server buffer | |
2028 (that is press @samp{^} while in the | |
2029 group buffer). Now select a server by moving point to | |
2030 the line naming that server. Finally, agentize the | |
2031 server by typing @samp{J a}. If you | |
2032 make a mistake, or change your mind, you can undo this | |
2033 action by typing @samp{J r}. When | |
2034 you're done, type 'q' to return to the group buffer. | |
2035 Now the next time you enter a group on a agentized | |
2036 server, the headers will be stored on disk and read from | |
2037 there the next time you enter the group. | |
2038 | |
96024 | 2039 @node FAQ 7-3 |
84299 | 2040 @subsubheading Question 7.3 |
2041 | |
2042 I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it? | |
2043 | |
2044 @subsubheading Answer | |
2045 | |
2046 You can tell the agent to automatically fetch the bodies | |
2047 of articles which fulfill certain predicates, this is | |
2048 done in a special buffer which can be reached by | |
2049 saying @samp{J c} in group | |
2050 buffer. Please refer to the documentation for | |
2051 information which predicates are possible and how | |
2052 exactly to do it. | |
2053 | |
2054 Further on you can tell the agent manually which | |
2055 articles to store on disk. There are two ways to do | |
2056 this: Number one: In the summary buffer, process mark a | |
2057 set of articles that shall be stored in the agent by | |
2058 saying @samp{#} with point over the | |
2059 article and then type @samp{J s}. The | |
2060 other possibility is to set, again in the summary | |
2061 buffer, downloadable (%) marks for the articles you | |
2062 want by typing @samp{@@} with point over | |
2063 the article and then typing @samp{J u}. | |
2064 What's the difference? Well, process marks are erased as | |
2065 soon as you exit the summary buffer while downloadable | |
2066 marks are permanent. You can actually set downloadable | |
2067 marks in several groups then use fetch session ('J s' in | |
2068 the GROUP buffer) to fetch all of those articles. The | |
2069 only downside is that fetch session also fetches all of | |
2070 the headers for every selected group on an agentized | |
2071 server. Depending on the volume of headers, the initial | |
2072 fetch session could take hours. | |
2073 | |
96024 | 2074 @node FAQ 7-4 |
84299 | 2075 @subsubheading Question 7.4 |
2076 | |
2077 How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings | |
2078 while I'm offline? | |
2079 | |
2080 @subsubheading Answer | |
2081 | |
2082 All you've got to do is to tell Gnus when you are online | |
2083 (plugged) and when you are offline (unplugged), the rest | |
2084 works automatically. You can toggle plugged/unplugged | |
2085 state by saying @samp{J j} in group | |
2086 buffer. To start Gnus unplugged say @samp{M-x | |
2087 gnus-unplugged} instead of | |
2088 @samp{M-x gnus}. Note that for this to | |
2089 work, the agent must be active. | |
2090 | |
2091 @node FAQ 8 - Getting help | |
2092 @subsection Getting help | |
2093 | |
2094 @menu | |
96024 | 2095 * FAQ 8-1:: How to find information and help inside Emacs? |
2096 * FAQ 8-2:: I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X (e.g. | |
2097 attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented? | |
2098 * FAQ 8-3:: Which websites should I know? | |
2099 * FAQ 8-4:: Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there? | |
2100 * FAQ 8-5:: Where to report bugs? | |
2101 * FAQ 8-6:: I need real-time help, where to find it? | |
84299 | 2102 @end menu |
2103 | |
96024 | 2104 @node FAQ 8-1 |
84299 | 2105 @subsubheading Question 8.1 |
2106 | |
2107 How to find information and help inside Emacs? | |
2108 | |
2109 @subsubheading Answer | |
2110 | |
2111 The first stop should be the Gnus manual (Say | |
2112 @samp{C-h i d m Gnus RET} to start the | |
2113 Gnus manual, then walk through the menus or do a | |
2114 full-text search with @samp{s}). Then | |
2115 there are the general Emacs help commands starting with | |
2116 C-h, type @samp{C-h ? ?} to get a list | |
2117 of all available help commands and their meaning. Finally | |
2118 @samp{M-x apropos-command} lets you | |
2119 search through all available functions and @samp{M-x | |
2120 apropos} searches the bound variables. | |
2121 | |
96024 | 2122 @node FAQ 8-2 |
84299 | 2123 @subsubheading Question 8.2 |
2124 | |
2125 I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X | |
2126 (e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented? | |
2127 | |
2128 @subsubheading Answer | |
2129 | |
2130 There's not only the Gnus manual but also the manuals | |
2131 for message, emacs-mime, sieve and pgg. Those packages | |
2132 are distributed with Gnus and used by Gnus but aren't | |
2133 really part of core Gnus, so they are documented in | |
2134 different info files, you should have a look in those | |
2135 manuals, too. | |
2136 | |
96024 | 2137 @node FAQ 8-3 |
84299 | 2138 @subsubheading Question 8.3 |
2139 | |
2140 Which websites should I know? | |
2141 | |
2142 @subsubheading Answer | |
2143 | |
2144 The two most important ones are the | |
2145 @uref{http://www.gnus.org, official Gnus website}. | |
2146 and it's sister site | |
2147 @uref{http://my.gnus.org, my.gnus.org (MGO)}, | |
2148 hosting an archive of lisp snippets, howtos, a (not | |
2149 really finished) tutorial and this FAQ. | |
2150 | |
2151 Tell me about other sites which are interesting. | |
2152 | |
96024 | 2153 @node FAQ 8-4 |
84299 | 2154 @subsubheading Question 8.4 |
2155 | |
2156 Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there? | |
2157 | |
2158 @subsubheading Answer | |
2159 | |
93386 | 2160 There's the newsgroup gnu.emacs.gnus (also available as |
96024 | 2161 @uref{http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.gnus.user, |
2162 gmane.emacs.gnus.user}) which deals with general Gnus | |
2163 questions. If you have questions about development versions of | |
2164 Gnus, you should better ask on the ding mailing list, see below. | |
93386 | 2165 |
2166 If you want to stay in the big8, | |
2167 news.software.newssreaders is also read by some Gnus | |
2168 users (but chances for qualified help are much better in | |
96024 | 2169 the above groups). If you speak German, there's |
93386 | 2170 de.comm.software.gnus. |
2171 | |
84299 | 2172 The ding mailing list (ding@@gnus.org) deals with development of |
2173 Gnus. You can read the ding list via NNTP, too under the name | |
2174 @uref{http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.gnus.general, | |
2175 gmane.emacs.gnus.general} from news.gmane.org. | |
2176 | |
96024 | 2177 @node FAQ 8-5 |
84299 | 2178 @subsubheading Question 8.5 |
2179 | |
2180 Where to report bugs? | |
2181 | |
2182 @subsubheading Answer | |
2183 | |
2184 Say @samp{M-x gnus-bug}, this will start | |
2185 a message to the | |
2186 @email{bugs@@gnus.org, gnus bug mailing list} | |
2187 including information about your environment which make | |
2188 it easier to help you. | |
2189 | |
96024 | 2190 @node FAQ 8-6 |
84299 | 2191 @subsubheading Question 8.6 |
2192 | |
2193 I need real-time help, where to find it? | |
2194 | |
2195 @subsubheading Answer | |
2196 | |
2197 Point your IRC client to irc.freenode.net, channel #gnus. | |
2198 | |
2199 @node FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus | |
2200 @subsection Tuning Gnus | |
2201 | |
2202 @menu | |
96024 | 2203 * FAQ 9-1:: Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up? |
2204 * FAQ 9-2:: How to speed up the process of entering a group? | |
2205 * FAQ 9-3:: Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up? | |
84299 | 2206 @end menu |
2207 | |
96024 | 2208 @node FAQ 9-1 |
84299 | 2209 @subsubheading Question 9.1 |
2210 | |
2211 Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up? | |
2212 | |
2213 @subsubheading Answer | |
2214 | |
2215 The reason for this could be the way Gnus reads it's | |
2216 active file, see the node "The Active File" in the Gnus | |
2217 manual for things you might try to speed the process up. | |
2218 An other idea would be to byte compile your ~/.gnus.el (say | |
2219 @samp{M-x byte-compile-file RET ~/.gnus.el | |
2220 RET} to do it). Finally, if you have require | |
2221 statements in your .gnus, you could replace them with | |
2222 eval-after-load, which loads the stuff not at startup | |
2223 time, but when it's needed. Say you've got this in your | |
2224 ~/.gnus.el: | |
2225 | |
2226 @example | |
2227 (require 'message) | |
2228 (add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled)) | |
2229 @end example | |
2230 @noindent | |
2231 | |
2232 then as soon as you start Gnus, message.el is loaded. If | |
2233 you replace it with | |
2234 | |
2235 @example | |
2236 (eval-after-load "message" | |
2237 '(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled))) | |
2238 @end example | |
2239 @noindent | |
2240 | |
2241 it's loaded when it's needed. | |
2242 | |
96024 | 2243 @node FAQ 9-2 |
84299 | 2244 @subsubheading Question 9.2 |
2245 | |
2246 How to speed up the process of entering a group? | |
2247 | |
2248 @subsubheading Answer | |
2249 | |
2250 A speed killer is setting the variable | |
2251 gnus-fetch-old-headers to anything different from nil, | |
2252 so don't do this if speed is an issue. To speed up | |
2253 building of summary say | |
2254 | |
2255 @example | |
2256 (gnus-compile) | |
2257 @end example | |
2258 @noindent | |
2259 | |
2260 at the bottom of your ~/.gnus.el, this will make gnus | |
2261 byte-compile things like | |
2262 gnus-summary-line-format. | |
2263 then you could increase the value of gc-cons-threshold | |
2264 by saying something like | |
2265 | |
2266 @example | |
2267 (setq gc-cons-threshold 3500000) | |
2268 @end example | |
2269 @noindent | |
2270 | |
2271 in ~/.emacs. If you don't care about width of CJK | |
2272 characters or use Gnus 5.10 or younger together with a | |
2273 recent GNU Emacs, you should say | |
2274 | |
2275 @example | |
2276 (setq gnus-use-correct-string-widths nil) | |
2277 @end example | |
2278 @noindent | |
2279 | |
2280 in ~/.gnus.el (thanks to Jesper harder for the last | |
2281 two suggestions). Finally if you are still using 5.8.8 | |
2282 or 5.9 and experience speed problems with summary | |
2283 buffer generation, you definitely should update to | |
2284 5.10 since there quite some work on improving it has | |
2285 been done. | |
2286 | |
96024 | 2287 @node FAQ 9-3 |
84299 | 2288 @subsubheading Question 9.3 |
2289 | |
2290 Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up? | |
2291 | |
2292 @subsubheading Answer | |
2293 | |
2294 The reason could be that you told Gnus to archive the | |
2295 messages you wrote by setting | |
2296 gnus-message-archive-group. Try to use a nnml group | |
2297 instead of an archive group, this should bring you back | |
2298 to normal speed. | |
2299 | |
2300 @node FAQ - Glossary | |
2301 @subsection Glossary | |
2302 | |
2303 @table @dfn | |
2304 | |
2305 @item ~/.gnus.el | |
2306 When the term ~/.gnus.el is used it just means your Gnus | |
2307 configuration file. You might as well call it ~/.gnus or | |
2308 specify another name. | |
2309 | |
2310 @item Back End | |
2311 In Gnus terminology a back end is a virtual server, a layer | |
2312 between core Gnus and the real NNTP-, POP3-, IMAP- or | |
2313 whatever-server which offers Gnus a standardized interface | |
2314 to functions like "get message", "get Headers" etc. | |
2315 | |
2316 @item Emacs | |
2317 When the term Emacs is used in this FAQ, it means either GNU | |
2318 Emacs or XEmacs. | |
2319 | |
2320 @item Message | |
2321 In this FAQ message means a either a mail or a posting to a | |
2322 Usenet Newsgroup or to some other fancy back end, no matter | |
2323 of which kind it is. | |
2324 | |
2325 @item MUA | |
2326 MUA is an acronym for Mail User Agent, it's the program you | |
2327 use to read and write e-mails. | |
2328 | |
2329 @item NUA | |
2330 NUA is an acronym for News User Agent, it's the program you | |
2331 use to read and write Usenet news. | |
2332 | |
2333 @end table | |
2334 | |
2335 @ignore | |
2336 arch-tag: 64dc5692-edb4-4848-a965-7aa0181acbb8 | |
2337 @end ignore |