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annotate man/calendar.texi @ 68234:95acdeaf74a2
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author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Tue, 17 Jan 2006 14:32:08 +0000 |
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25829 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001, |
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3 @c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 4 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
5 @node Calendar/Diary, Gnus, Dired, Top | |
6 @chapter The Calendar and the Diary | |
7 @cindex calendar | |
8 @findex calendar | |
9 | |
10 Emacs provides the functions of a desk calendar, with a diary of | |
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11 planned or past events. It also has facilities for managing your |
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12 appointments, and keeping track of how much time you spend working on |
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13 certain projects. |
30794 | 14 |
15 To enter the calendar, type @kbd{M-x calendar}; this displays a | |
16 three-month calendar centered on the current month, with point on the | |
17 current date. With a numeric argument, as in @kbd{C-u M-x calendar}, it | |
18 prompts you for the month and year to be the center of the three-month | |
19 calendar. The calendar uses its own buffer, whose major mode is | |
20 Calendar mode. | |
25829 | 21 |
22 @kbd{Mouse-2} in the calendar brings up a menu of operations on a | |
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23 particular date; @kbd{Mouse-3} brings up a menu of commonly used |
25829 | 24 calendar features that are independent of any particular date. To exit |
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25 the calendar, type @kbd{q}. |
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26 |
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27 The basic features of the Calendar/Diary are described here. |
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28 @inforef{Advanced Calendar/Diary Usage,, emacs-xtra}, for information |
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29 about more specialized features. |
25829 | 30 |
31 @menu | |
32 * Calendar Motion:: Moving through the calendar; selecting a date. | |
33 * Scroll Calendar:: Bringing earlier or later months onto the screen. | |
34 * Counting Days:: How many days are there between two dates? | |
35 * General Calendar:: Exiting or recomputing the calendar. | |
36 * LaTeX Calendar:: Print a calendar using LaTeX. | |
37 * Holidays:: Displaying dates of holidays. | |
38 * Sunrise/Sunset:: Displaying local times of sunrise and sunset. | |
39 * Lunar Phases:: Displaying phases of the moon. | |
40 * Other Calendars:: Converting dates to other calendar systems. | |
41 * Diary:: Displaying events from your diary. | |
42 * Appointments:: Reminders when it's time to do something. | |
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43 * Importing Diary:: Converting diary events to/from other formats. |
25829 | 44 * Daylight Savings:: How to specify when daylight savings time is active. |
30794 | 45 * Time Intervals:: Keeping track of time intervals. |
25829 | 46 @end menu |
47 | |
48 @node Calendar Motion | |
49 @section Movement in the Calendar | |
50 | |
51 @cindex moving inside the calendar | |
52 Calendar mode lets you move through the calendar in logical units of | |
53 time such as days, weeks, months, and years. If you move outside the | |
54 three months originally displayed, the calendar display ``scrolls'' | |
55 automatically through time to make the selected date visible. Moving to | |
56 a date lets you view its holidays or diary entries, or convert it to other | |
57 calendars; moving longer time periods is also useful simply to scroll the | |
58 calendar. | |
59 | |
60 @menu | |
61 * Calendar Unit Motion:: Moving by days, weeks, months, and years. | |
62 * Move to Beginning or End:: Moving to start/end of weeks, months, and years. | |
63 * Specified Dates:: Moving to the current date or another | |
64 specific date. | |
65 @end menu | |
66 | |
67 @node Calendar Unit Motion | |
68 @subsection Motion by Standard Lengths of Time | |
69 | |
70 The commands for movement in the calendar buffer parallel the | |
71 commands for movement in text. You can move forward and backward by | |
72 days, weeks, months, and years. | |
73 | |
74 @table @kbd | |
75 @item C-f | |
76 Move point one day forward (@code{calendar-forward-day}). | |
77 @item C-b | |
78 Move point one day backward (@code{calendar-backward-day}). | |
79 @item C-n | |
80 Move point one week forward (@code{calendar-forward-week}). | |
81 @item C-p | |
82 Move point one week backward (@code{calendar-backward-week}). | |
83 @item M-@} | |
84 Move point one month forward (@code{calendar-forward-month}). | |
85 @item M-@{ | |
86 Move point one month backward (@code{calendar-backward-month}). | |
87 @item C-x ] | |
88 Move point one year forward (@code{calendar-forward-year}). | |
89 @item C-x [ | |
90 Move point one year backward (@code{calendar-backward-year}). | |
91 @end table | |
92 | |
93 @kindex C-f @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
94 @findex calendar-forward-day | |
95 @kindex C-b @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
96 @findex calendar-backward-day | |
97 @kindex C-n @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
98 @findex calendar-forward-week | |
99 @kindex C-p @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
100 @findex calendar-backward-week | |
101 The day and week commands are natural analogues of the usual Emacs | |
102 commands for moving by characters and by lines. Just as @kbd{C-n} | |
103 usually moves to the same column in the following line, in Calendar | |
104 mode it moves to the same day in the following week. And @kbd{C-p} | |
105 moves to the same day in the previous week. | |
106 | |
107 The arrow keys are equivalent to @kbd{C-f}, @kbd{C-b}, @kbd{C-n} and | |
108 @kbd{C-p}, just as they normally are in other modes. | |
109 | |
110 @kindex M-@} @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
111 @findex calendar-forward-month | |
112 @kindex M-@{ @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
113 @findex calendar-backward-month | |
114 @kindex C-x ] @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
115 @findex calendar-forward-year | |
116 @kindex C-x [ @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
117 @findex calendar-forward-year | |
118 The commands for motion by months and years work like those for | |
119 weeks, but move a larger distance. The month commands @kbd{M-@}} and | |
120 @kbd{M-@{} move forward or backward by an entire month's time. The | |
121 year commands @kbd{C-x ]} and @w{@kbd{C-x [}} move forward or backward a | |
122 whole year. | |
123 | |
124 The easiest way to remember these commands is to consider months and | |
125 years analogous to paragraphs and pages of text, respectively. But the | |
126 commands themselves are not quite analogous. The ordinary Emacs paragraph | |
127 commands move to the beginning or end of a paragraph, whereas these month | |
128 and year commands move by an entire month or an entire year, which usually | |
129 involves skipping across the end of a month or year. | |
130 | |
131 All these commands accept a numeric argument as a repeat count. | |
132 For convenience, the digit keys and the minus sign specify numeric | |
133 arguments in Calendar mode even without the Meta modifier. For example, | |
134 @kbd{100 C-f} moves point 100 days forward from its present location. | |
135 | |
136 @node Move to Beginning or End | |
137 @subsection Beginning or End of Week, Month or Year | |
138 | |
139 A week (or month, or year) is not just a quantity of days; we think of | |
140 weeks (months, years) as starting on particular dates. So Calendar mode | |
141 provides commands to move to the beginning or end of a week, month or | |
142 year: | |
143 | |
144 @table @kbd | |
145 @kindex C-a @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
146 @findex calendar-beginning-of-week | |
147 @item C-a | |
148 Move point to start of week (@code{calendar-beginning-of-week}). | |
149 @kindex C-e @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
150 @findex calendar-end-of-week | |
151 @item C-e | |
152 Move point to end of week (@code{calendar-end-of-week}). | |
153 @kindex M-a @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
154 @findex calendar-beginning-of-month | |
155 @item M-a | |
156 Move point to start of month (@code{calendar-beginning-of-month}). | |
157 @kindex M-e @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
158 @findex calendar-end-of-month | |
159 @item M-e | |
160 Move point to end of month (@code{calendar-end-of-month}). | |
161 @kindex M-< @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
162 @findex calendar-beginning-of-year | |
163 @item M-< | |
164 Move point to start of year (@code{calendar-beginning-of-year}). | |
165 @kindex M-> @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
166 @findex calendar-end-of-year | |
167 @item M-> | |
168 Move point to end of year (@code{calendar-end-of-year}). | |
169 @end table | |
170 | |
171 These commands also take numeric arguments as repeat counts, with the | |
172 repeat count indicating how many weeks, months, or years to move | |
173 backward or forward. | |
174 | |
175 @vindex calendar-week-start-day | |
176 @cindex weeks, which day they start on | |
177 @cindex calendar, first day of week | |
178 By default, weeks begin on Sunday. To make them begin on Monday | |
179 instead, set the variable @code{calendar-week-start-day} to 1. | |
180 | |
181 @node Specified Dates | |
182 @subsection Specified Dates | |
183 | |
184 Calendar mode provides commands for moving to a particular date | |
185 specified in various ways. | |
186 | |
187 @table @kbd | |
188 @item g d | |
189 Move point to specified date (@code{calendar-goto-date}). | |
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190 @item g D |
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191 Move point to specified day of year (@code{calendar-goto-day-of-year}). |
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192 @item g w |
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193 Move point to specified week of year (@code{calendar-goto-iso-week}). |
25829 | 194 @item o |
195 Center calendar around specified month (@code{calendar-other-month}). | |
196 @item . | |
197 Move point to today's date (@code{calendar-goto-today}). | |
198 @end table | |
199 | |
200 @kindex g d @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
201 @findex calendar-goto-date | |
202 @kbd{g d} (@code{calendar-goto-date}) prompts for a year, a month, and a day | |
203 of the month, and then moves to that date. Because the calendar includes all | |
204 dates from the beginning of the current era, you must type the year in its | |
205 entirety; that is, type @samp{1990}, not @samp{90}. | |
206 | |
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207 @kindex g D @r{(Calendar mode)} |
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208 @findex calendar-goto-day-of-year |
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209 @kindex g w @r{(Calendar mode)} |
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210 @findex calendar-goto-iso-week |
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211 @kbd{g D} (@code{calendar-goto-day-of-year}) prompts for a year and |
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212 day number, and moves to that date. Negative day numbers count |
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213 backward from the end of the year. @kbd{g w} |
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214 (@code{calendar-goto-iso-week}) prompts for a year and week number, |
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215 and moves to that week. |
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216 |
25829 | 217 @kindex o @r{(Calendar mode)} |
218 @findex calendar-other-month | |
219 @kbd{o} (@code{calendar-other-month}) prompts for a month and year, | |
220 then centers the three-month calendar around that month. | |
221 | |
222 @kindex . @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
223 @findex calendar-goto-today | |
224 You can return to today's date with @kbd{.}@: | |
225 (@code{calendar-goto-today}). | |
226 | |
227 @node Scroll Calendar | |
228 @section Scrolling in the Calendar | |
229 | |
230 @cindex scrolling in the calendar | |
38745 | 231 The calendar display scrolls automatically through time when you |
232 move out of the visible portion. You can also scroll it manually. | |
233 Imagine that the calendar window contains a long strip of paper with | |
234 the months on it. Scrolling the calendar means moving the strip | |
235 horizontally, so that new months become visible in the window. | |
25829 | 236 |
237 @table @kbd | |
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238 @item < |
25829 | 239 Scroll calendar one month forward (@code{scroll-calendar-left}). |
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240 @item > |
25829 | 241 Scroll calendar one month backward (@code{scroll-calendar-right}). |
242 @item C-v | |
243 @itemx @key{NEXT} | |
244 Scroll calendar three months forward | |
245 (@code{scroll-calendar-left-three-months}). | |
246 @item M-v | |
247 @itemx @key{PRIOR} | |
248 Scroll calendar three months backward | |
249 (@code{scroll-calendar-right-three-months}). | |
250 @end table | |
251 | |
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252 @kindex < @r{(Calendar mode)} |
25829 | 253 @findex scroll-calendar-left |
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254 @kindex > @r{(Calendar mode)} |
25829 | 255 @findex scroll-calendar-right |
256 The most basic calendar scroll commands scroll by one month at a | |
257 time. This means that there are two months of overlap between the | |
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258 display before the command and the display after. @kbd{<} scrolls |
25829 | 259 the calendar contents one month to the left; that is, it moves the |
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260 display forward in time. @kbd{>} scrolls the contents to the |
25829 | 261 right, which moves backwards in time. |
262 | |
263 @kindex C-v @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
264 @findex scroll-calendar-left-three-months | |
265 @kindex M-v @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
266 @findex scroll-calendar-right-three-months | |
267 The commands @kbd{C-v} and @kbd{M-v} scroll the calendar by an entire | |
268 ``screenful''---three months---in analogy with the usual meaning of | |
269 these commands. @kbd{C-v} makes later dates visible and @kbd{M-v} makes | |
270 earlier dates visible. These commands take a numeric argument as a | |
271 repeat count; in particular, since @kbd{C-u} multiplies the next command | |
272 by four, typing @kbd{C-u C-v} scrolls the calendar forward by a year and | |
273 typing @kbd{C-u M-v} scrolls the calendar backward by a year. | |
274 | |
275 The function keys @key{NEXT} and @key{PRIOR} are equivalent to | |
276 @kbd{C-v} and @kbd{M-v}, just as they are in other modes. | |
277 | |
278 @node Counting Days | |
279 @section Counting Days | |
280 | |
281 @table @kbd | |
282 @item M-= | |
283 Display the number of days in the current region | |
284 (@code{calendar-count-days-region}). | |
285 @end table | |
286 | |
287 @kindex M-= @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
288 @findex calendar-count-days-region | |
289 To determine the number of days in the region, type @kbd{M-=} | |
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290 (@code{calendar-count-days-region}). The numbers of days shown is |
25829 | 291 @emph{inclusive}; that is, it includes the days specified by mark and |
292 point. | |
293 | |
294 @node General Calendar | |
295 @section Miscellaneous Calendar Commands | |
296 | |
297 @table @kbd | |
298 @item p d | |
299 Display day-in-year (@code{calendar-print-day-of-year}). | |
300 @item C-c C-l | |
301 Regenerate the calendar window (@code{redraw-calendar}). | |
302 @item SPC | |
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303 Scroll the next window up (@code{scroll-other-window}). |
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304 @item DEL |
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305 Scroll the next window down (@code{scroll-other-window-down}). |
25829 | 306 @item q |
307 Exit from calendar (@code{exit-calendar}). | |
308 @end table | |
309 | |
310 @kindex p d @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
311 @cindex day of year | |
312 @findex calendar-print-day-of-year | |
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313 To display the number of days elapsed since the start of the year, or |
25829 | 314 the number of days remaining in the year, type the @kbd{p d} command |
315 (@code{calendar-print-day-of-year}). This displays both of those | |
316 numbers in the echo area. The number of days elapsed includes the | |
317 selected date. The number of days remaining does not include that | |
318 date. | |
319 | |
320 @kindex C-c C-l @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
321 @findex redraw-calendar | |
322 If the calendar window text gets corrupted, type @kbd{C-c C-l} | |
323 (@code{redraw-calendar}) to redraw it. (This can only happen if you use | |
324 non-Calendar-mode editing commands.) | |
325 | |
326 @kindex SPC @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
327 In Calendar mode, you can use @kbd{SPC} (@code{scroll-other-window}) | |
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328 and @kbd{DEL} (@code{scroll-other-window-down}) to scroll the other |
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329 window up or down, respectively. This is handy when you display a list |
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330 of holidays or diary entries in another window. |
25829 | 331 |
332 @kindex q @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
333 @findex exit-calendar | |
334 To exit from the calendar, type @kbd{q} (@code{exit-calendar}). This | |
335 buries all buffers related to the calendar, selecting other buffers. | |
336 (If a frame contains a dedicated calendar window, exiting from the | |
337 calendar iconifies that frame.) | |
338 | |
339 @node LaTeX Calendar | |
340 @section LaTeX Calendar | |
341 @cindex calendar and La@TeX{} | |
342 | |
343 The Calendar La@TeX{} commands produce a buffer of La@TeX{} code that | |
344 prints as a calendar. Depending on the command you use, the printed | |
345 calendar covers the day, week, month or year that point is in. | |
346 | |
347 @kindex t @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
348 @table @kbd | |
349 @item t m | |
350 Generate a one-month calendar (@code{cal-tex-cursor-month}). | |
351 @item t M | |
352 Generate a sideways-printing one-month calendar | |
353 (@code{cal-tex-cursor-month-landscape}). | |
354 @item t d | |
355 Generate a one-day calendar | |
356 (@code{cal-tex-cursor-day}). | |
357 @item t w 1 | |
358 Generate a one-page calendar for one week | |
359 (@code{cal-tex-cursor-week}). | |
360 @item t w 2 | |
361 Generate a two-page calendar for one week | |
362 (@code{cal-tex-cursor-week2}). | |
363 @item t w 3 | |
364 Generate an ISO-style calendar for one week | |
365 (@code{cal-tex-cursor-week-iso}). | |
366 @item t w 4 | |
367 Generate a calendar for one Monday-starting week | |
368 (@code{cal-tex-cursor-week-monday}). | |
369 @item t f w | |
370 Generate a Filofax-style two-weeks-at-a-glance calendar | |
371 (@code{cal-tex-cursor-filofax-2week}). | |
372 @item t f W | |
373 Generate a Filofax-style one-week-at-a-glance calendar | |
374 (@code{cal-tex-cursor-filofax-week}). | |
375 @item t y | |
376 Generate a calendar for one year | |
377 (@code{cal-tex-cursor-year}). | |
378 @item t Y | |
379 Generate a sideways-printing calendar for one year | |
380 (@code{cal-tex-cursor-year-landscape}). | |
381 @item t f y | |
382 Generate a Filofax-style calendar for one year | |
383 (@code{cal-tex-cursor-filofax-year}). | |
384 @end table | |
385 | |
386 Some of these commands print the calendar sideways (in ``landscape | |
387 mode''), so it can be wider than it is long. Some of them use Filofax | |
388 paper size (3.75in x 6.75in). All of these commands accept a prefix | |
389 argument which specifies how many days, weeks, months or years to print | |
390 (starting always with the selected one). | |
391 | |
392 If the variable @code{cal-tex-holidays} is non-@code{nil} (the default), | |
393 then the printed calendars show the holidays in @code{calendar-holidays}. | |
394 If the variable @code{cal-tex-diary} is non-@code{nil} (the default is | |
395 @code{nil}), diary entries are included also (in weekly and monthly | |
396 calendars only). If the variable @code{cal-tex-rules} is non-@code{nil} | |
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397 (the default is @code{nil}), the calendar displays ruled pages |
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398 in styles that have sufficient room. |
25829 | 399 |
400 @node Holidays | |
401 @section Holidays | |
402 @cindex holidays | |
403 | |
404 The Emacs calendar knows about all major and many minor holidays, | |
405 and can display them. | |
406 | |
407 @table @kbd | |
408 @item h | |
409 Display holidays for the selected date | |
410 (@code{calendar-cursor-holidays}). | |
411 @item Mouse-2 Holidays | |
412 Display any holidays for the date you click on. | |
413 @item x | |
414 Mark holidays in the calendar window (@code{mark-calendar-holidays}). | |
415 @item u | |
416 Unmark calendar window (@code{calendar-unmark}). | |
417 @item a | |
418 List all holidays for the displayed three months in another window | |
419 (@code{list-calendar-holidays}). | |
420 @item M-x holidays | |
421 List all holidays for three months around today's date in another | |
422 window. | |
423 @item M-x list-holidays | |
424 List holidays in another window for a specified range of years. | |
425 @end table | |
426 | |
427 @kindex h @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
428 @findex calendar-cursor-holidays | |
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429 @vindex view-calendar-holidays-initially |
25829 | 430 To see if any holidays fall on a given date, position point on that |
431 date in the calendar window and use the @kbd{h} command. Alternatively, | |
432 click on that date with @kbd{Mouse-2} and then choose @kbd{Holidays} | |
433 from the menu that appears. Either way, this displays the holidays for | |
434 that date, in the echo area if they fit there, otherwise in a separate | |
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435 window. If the variable @code{view-calendar-holidays-initially} is |
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436 non-@code{nil}, creating the calendar displays holidays in this way. |
25829 | 437 |
438 @kindex x @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
439 @findex mark-calendar-holidays | |
440 @kindex u @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
441 @findex calendar-unmark | |
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442 @vindex mark-holidays-in-calendar |
25829 | 443 To view the distribution of holidays for all the dates shown in the |
444 calendar, use the @kbd{x} command. This displays the dates that are | |
445 holidays in a different face (or places a @samp{*} after these dates, if | |
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446 display with multiple faces is not available). @inforef{Calendar |
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447 Customizing, calendar-holiday-marker, emacs-xtra}. The command applies |
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448 both to the currently visible months and to other months that |
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449 subsequently become visible by scrolling. To turn marking off and erase |
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450 the current marks, type @kbd{u}, which also erases any diary marks |
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451 (@pxref{Diary}). If the variable @code{mark-holidays-in-calendar} is |
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452 non-@code{nil}, creating or updating the calendar marks holidays |
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453 automatically. |
25829 | 454 |
455 @kindex a @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
456 @findex list-calendar-holidays | |
457 To get even more detailed information, use the @kbd{a} command, which | |
458 displays a separate buffer containing a list of all holidays in the | |
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459 current three-month range. You can use @key{SPC} and @key{DEL} in the |
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460 calendar window to scroll that list up and down, respectively. |
25829 | 461 |
462 @findex holidays | |
463 The command @kbd{M-x holidays} displays the list of holidays for the | |
464 current month and the preceding and succeeding months; this works even | |
465 if you don't have a calendar window. If you want the list of holidays | |
466 centered around a different month, use @kbd{C-u M-x holidays}, which | |
467 prompts for the month and year. | |
468 | |
469 The holidays known to Emacs include United States holidays and the | |
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470 major Christian, Jewish, and Islamic holidays; also the solstices and |
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471 equinoxes. |
25829 | 472 |
473 @findex list-holidays | |
474 The command @kbd{M-x list-holidays} displays the list of holidays for | |
475 a range of years. This function asks you for the starting and stopping | |
476 years, and allows you to choose all the holidays or one of several | |
477 categories of holidays. You can use this command even if you don't have | |
478 a calendar window. | |
479 | |
480 The dates used by Emacs for holidays are based on @emph{current | |
481 practice}, not historical fact. Historically, for instance, the start | |
482 of daylight savings time and even its existence have varied from year to | |
483 year, but present United States law mandates that daylight savings time | |
484 begins on the first Sunday in April. When the daylight savings rules | |
485 are set up for the United States, Emacs always uses the present | |
486 definition, even though it is wrong for some prior years. | |
487 | |
488 @node Sunrise/Sunset | |
489 @section Times of Sunrise and Sunset | |
490 @cindex sunrise and sunset | |
491 | |
492 Special calendar commands can tell you, to within a minute or two, the | |
493 times of sunrise and sunset for any date. | |
494 | |
495 @table @kbd | |
496 @item S | |
497 Display times of sunrise and sunset for the selected date | |
498 (@code{calendar-sunrise-sunset}). | |
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499 @item Mouse-2 Sunrise/sunset |
25829 | 500 Display times of sunrise and sunset for the date you click on. |
501 @item M-x sunrise-sunset | |
502 Display times of sunrise and sunset for today's date. | |
503 @item C-u M-x sunrise-sunset | |
504 Display times of sunrise and sunset for a specified date. | |
505 @end table | |
506 | |
507 @kindex S @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
508 @findex calendar-sunrise-sunset | |
509 @findex sunrise-sunset | |
510 Within the calendar, to display the @emph{local times} of sunrise and | |
511 sunset in the echo area, move point to the date you want, and type | |
512 @kbd{S}. Alternatively, click @kbd{Mouse-2} on the date, then choose | |
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513 @samp{Sunrise/sunset} from the menu that appears. The command @kbd{M-x |
25829 | 514 sunrise-sunset} is available outside the calendar to display this |
515 information for today's date or a specified date. To specify a date | |
516 other than today, use @kbd{C-u M-x sunrise-sunset}, which prompts for | |
517 the year, month, and day. | |
518 | |
519 You can display the times of sunrise and sunset for any location and | |
520 any date with @kbd{C-u C-u M-x sunrise-sunset}. This asks you for a | |
521 longitude, latitude, number of minutes difference from Coordinated | |
522 Universal Time, and date, and then tells you the times of sunrise and | |
523 sunset for that location on that date. | |
524 | |
525 Because the times of sunrise and sunset depend on the location on | |
526 earth, you need to tell Emacs your latitude, longitude, and location | |
527 name before using these commands. Here is an example of what to set: | |
528 | |
529 @vindex calendar-location-name | |
530 @vindex calendar-longitude | |
531 @vindex calendar-latitude | |
532 @example | |
533 (setq calendar-latitude 40.1) | |
534 (setq calendar-longitude -88.2) | |
535 (setq calendar-location-name "Urbana, IL") | |
536 @end example | |
537 | |
538 @noindent | |
539 Use one decimal place in the values of @code{calendar-latitude} and | |
540 @code{calendar-longitude}. | |
541 | |
542 Your time zone also affects the local time of sunrise and sunset. | |
543 Emacs usually gets time zone information from the operating system, but | |
544 if these values are not what you want (or if the operating system does | |
545 not supply them), you must set them yourself. Here is an example: | |
546 | |
547 @vindex calendar-time-zone | |
548 @vindex calendar-standard-time-zone-name | |
549 @vindex calendar-daylight-time-zone-name | |
550 @example | |
551 (setq calendar-time-zone -360) | |
552 (setq calendar-standard-time-zone-name "CST") | |
553 (setq calendar-daylight-time-zone-name "CDT") | |
554 @end example | |
555 | |
556 @noindent | |
557 The value of @code{calendar-time-zone} is the number of minutes | |
558 difference between your local standard time and Coordinated Universal | |
559 Time (Greenwich time). The values of | |
560 @code{calendar-standard-time-zone-name} and | |
561 @code{calendar-daylight-time-zone-name} are the abbreviations used in | |
562 your time zone. Emacs displays the times of sunrise and sunset | |
563 @emph{corrected for daylight savings time}. @xref{Daylight Savings}, | |
564 for how daylight savings time is determined. | |
565 | |
566 As a user, you might find it convenient to set the calendar location | |
567 variables for your usual physical location in your @file{.emacs} file. | |
568 And when you install Emacs on a machine, you can create a | |
569 @file{default.el} file which sets them properly for the typical location | |
570 of most users of that machine. @xref{Init File}. | |
571 | |
572 @node Lunar Phases | |
573 @section Phases of the Moon | |
574 @cindex phases of the moon | |
575 @cindex moon, phases of | |
576 | |
577 These calendar commands display the dates and times of the phases of | |
578 the moon (new moon, first quarter, full moon, last quarter). This | |
579 feature is useful for debugging problems that ``depend on the phase of | |
580 the moon.'' | |
581 | |
582 @table @kbd | |
583 @item M | |
584 Display the dates and times for all the quarters of the moon for the | |
585 three-month period shown (@code{calendar-phases-of-moon}). | |
586 @item M-x phases-of-moon | |
587 Display dates and times of the quarters of the moon for three months around | |
588 today's date. | |
589 @end table | |
590 | |
591 @kindex M @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
592 @findex calendar-phases-of-moon | |
593 Within the calendar, use the @kbd{M} command to display a separate | |
594 buffer of the phases of the moon for the current three-month range. The | |
595 dates and times listed are accurate to within a few minutes. | |
596 | |
597 @findex phases-of-moon | |
598 Outside the calendar, use the command @kbd{M-x phases-of-moon} to | |
599 display the list of the phases of the moon for the current month and the | |
600 preceding and succeeding months. For information about a different | |
601 month, use @kbd{C-u M-x phases-of-moon}, which prompts for the month and | |
602 year. | |
603 | |
604 The dates and times given for the phases of the moon are given in | |
605 local time (corrected for daylight savings, when appropriate); but if | |
606 the variable @code{calendar-time-zone} is void, Coordinated Universal | |
607 Time (the Greenwich time zone) is used. @xref{Daylight Savings}. | |
608 | |
609 @node Other Calendars | |
610 @section Conversion To and From Other Calendars | |
611 | |
612 @cindex Gregorian calendar | |
613 The Emacs calendar displayed is @emph{always} the Gregorian calendar, | |
614 sometimes called the ``new style'' calendar, which is used in most of | |
615 the world today. However, this calendar did not exist before the | |
616 sixteenth century and was not widely used before the eighteenth century; | |
617 it did not fully displace the Julian calendar and gain universal | |
618 acceptance until the early twentieth century. The Emacs calendar can | |
619 display any month since January, year 1 of the current era, but the | |
620 calendar displayed is the Gregorian, even for a date at which the | |
621 Gregorian calendar did not exist. | |
622 | |
623 While Emacs cannot display other calendars, it can convert dates to | |
624 and from several other calendars. | |
625 | |
626 @menu | |
627 * Calendar Systems:: The calendars Emacs understands | |
628 (aside from Gregorian). | |
629 * To Other Calendar:: Converting the selected date to various calendars. | |
630 * From Other Calendar:: Moving to a date specified in another calendar. | |
631 * Mayan Calendar:: Moving to a date specified in a Mayan calendar. | |
632 @end menu | |
633 | |
634 @node Calendar Systems | |
635 @subsection Supported Calendar Systems | |
636 | |
637 @cindex ISO commercial calendar | |
638 The ISO commercial calendar is used largely in Europe. | |
639 | |
640 @cindex Julian calendar | |
641 The Julian calendar, named after Julius Caesar, was the one used in Europe | |
642 throughout medieval times, and in many countries up until the nineteenth | |
643 century. | |
644 | |
645 @cindex Julian day numbers | |
646 @cindex astronomical day numbers | |
647 Astronomers use a simple counting of days elapsed since noon, Monday, | |
648 January 1, 4713 B.C. on the Julian calendar. The number of days elapsed | |
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649 is called the @dfn{Julian day number} or the @dfn{Astronomical day number}. |
25829 | 650 |
651 @cindex Hebrew calendar | |
652 The Hebrew calendar is used by tradition in the Jewish religion. The | |
653 Emacs calendar program uses the Hebrew calendar to determine the dates | |
654 of Jewish holidays. Hebrew calendar dates begin and end at sunset. | |
655 | |
656 @cindex Islamic calendar | |
657 The Islamic calendar is used in many predominantly Islamic countries. | |
658 Emacs uses it to determine the dates of Islamic holidays. There is no | |
659 universal agreement in the Islamic world about the calendar; Emacs uses | |
660 a widely accepted version, but the precise dates of Islamic holidays | |
661 often depend on proclamation by religious authorities, not on | |
662 calculations. As a consequence, the actual dates of observance can vary | |
663 slightly from the dates computed by Emacs. Islamic calendar dates begin | |
664 and end at sunset. | |
665 | |
666 @cindex French Revolutionary calendar | |
667 The French Revolutionary calendar was created by the Jacobins after the 1789 | |
668 revolution, to represent a more secular and nature-based view of the annual | |
669 cycle, and to install a 10-day week in a rationalization measure similar to | |
670 the metric system. The French government officially abandoned this | |
671 calendar at the end of 1805. | |
672 | |
673 @cindex Mayan calendar | |
674 The Maya of Central America used three separate, overlapping calendar | |
675 systems, the @emph{long count}, the @emph{tzolkin}, and the @emph{haab}. | |
676 Emacs knows about all three of these calendars. Experts dispute the | |
677 exact correlation between the Mayan calendar and our calendar; Emacs uses the | |
678 Goodman-Martinez-Thompson correlation in its calculations. | |
679 | |
680 @cindex Coptic calendar | |
681 @cindex Ethiopic calendar | |
682 The Copts use a calendar based on the ancient Egyptian solar calendar. | |
683 Their calendar consists of twelve 30-day months followed by an extra | |
684 five-day period. Once every fourth year they add a leap day to this | |
685 extra period to make it six days. The Ethiopic calendar is identical in | |
686 structure, but has different year numbers and month names. | |
687 | |
688 @cindex Persian calendar | |
689 The Persians use a solar calendar based on a design of Omar Khayyam. | |
690 Their calendar consists of twelve months of which the first six have 31 | |
691 days, the next five have 30 days, and the last has 29 in ordinary years | |
692 and 30 in leap years. Leap years occur in a complicated pattern every | |
693 four or five years. | |
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694 The calendar implemented here is the arithmetical Persian calendar |
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695 championed by Birashk, based on a 2,820-year cycle. It differs from |
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696 the astronomical Persian calendar, which is based on astronomical |
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697 events. As of this writing the first future discrepancy is projected |
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698 to occur on March 20, 2025. It is currently not clear what the |
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699 official calendar of Iran will be that far into the future. |
25829 | 700 |
701 @cindex Chinese calendar | |
702 The Chinese calendar is a complicated system of lunar months arranged | |
703 into solar years. The years go in cycles of sixty, each year containing | |
704 either twelve months in an ordinary year or thirteen months in a leap | |
705 year; each month has either 29 or 30 days. Years, ordinary months, and | |
706 days are named by combining one of ten ``celestial stems'' with one of | |
707 twelve ``terrestrial branches'' for a total of sixty names that are | |
708 repeated in a cycle of sixty. | |
709 | |
710 @node To Other Calendar | |
711 @subsection Converting To Other Calendars | |
712 | |
713 The following commands describe the selected date (the date at point) | |
714 in various other calendar systems: | |
715 | |
716 @table @kbd | |
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717 @item Mouse-2 Other calendars |
25829 | 718 Display the date that you click on, expressed in various other calendars. |
719 @kindex p @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
720 @findex calendar-print-iso-date | |
721 @item p c | |
722 Display ISO commercial calendar equivalent for selected day | |
723 (@code{calendar-print-iso-date}). | |
724 @findex calendar-print-julian-date | |
725 @item p j | |
726 Display Julian date for selected day (@code{calendar-print-julian-date}). | |
727 @findex calendar-print-astro-day-number | |
728 @item p a | |
729 Display astronomical (Julian) day number for selected day | |
730 (@code{calendar-print-astro-day-number}). | |
731 @findex calendar-print-hebrew-date | |
732 @item p h | |
733 Display Hebrew date for selected day (@code{calendar-print-hebrew-date}). | |
734 @findex calendar-print-islamic-date | |
735 @item p i | |
736 Display Islamic date for selected day (@code{calendar-print-islamic-date}). | |
737 @findex calendar-print-french-date | |
738 @item p f | |
739 Display French Revolutionary date for selected day | |
740 (@code{calendar-print-french-date}). | |
741 @findex calendar-print-chinese-date | |
742 @item p C | |
743 Display Chinese date for selected day | |
744 (@code{calendar-print-chinese-date}). | |
745 @findex calendar-print-coptic-date | |
746 @item p k | |
747 Display Coptic date for selected day | |
748 (@code{calendar-print-coptic-date}). | |
749 @findex calendar-print-ethiopic-date | |
750 @item p e | |
751 Display Ethiopic date for selected day | |
752 (@code{calendar-print-ethiopic-date}). | |
753 @findex calendar-print-persian-date | |
754 @item p p | |
755 Display Persian date for selected day | |
756 (@code{calendar-print-persian-date}). | |
757 @findex calendar-print-mayan-date | |
758 @item p m | |
759 Display Mayan date for selected day (@code{calendar-print-mayan-date}). | |
760 @end table | |
761 | |
762 If you are using X, the easiest way to translate a date into other | |
763 calendars is to click on it with @kbd{Mouse-2}, then choose @kbd{Other | |
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764 calendars} from the menu that appears. This displays the equivalent |
25829 | 765 forms of the date in all the calendars Emacs understands, in the form of |
766 a menu. (Choosing an alternative from this menu doesn't actually do | |
767 anything---the menu is used only for display.) | |
768 | |
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769 Otherwise, move point to the date you want to convert, then type the |
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770 appropriate command starting with @kbd{p} from the table above. The |
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771 prefix @kbd{p} is a mnemonic for ``print,'' since Emacs ``prints'' the |
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772 equivalent date in the echo area. |
25829 | 773 |
774 @node From Other Calendar | |
775 @subsection Converting From Other Calendars | |
776 | |
777 You can use the other supported calendars to specify a date to move | |
778 to. This section describes the commands for doing this using calendars | |
779 other than Mayan; for the Mayan calendar, see the following section. | |
780 | |
781 @kindex g @var{char} @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
782 @findex calendar-goto-iso-date | |
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783 @findex calendar-goto-iso-week |
25829 | 784 @findex calendar-goto-julian-date |
785 @findex calendar-goto-astro-day-number | |
786 @findex calendar-goto-hebrew-date | |
787 @findex calendar-goto-islamic-date | |
788 @findex calendar-goto-french-date | |
789 @findex calendar-goto-chinese-date | |
790 @findex calendar-goto-persian-date | |
791 @findex calendar-goto-coptic-date | |
792 @findex calendar-goto-ethiopic-date | |
793 @table @kbd | |
794 @item g c | |
795 Move to a date specified in the ISO commercial calendar | |
796 (@code{calendar-goto-iso-date}). | |
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797 @item g w |
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798 Move to a week specified in the ISO commercial calendar |
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799 (@code{calendar-goto-iso-week}). |
25829 | 800 @item g j |
801 Move to a date specified in the Julian calendar | |
802 (@code{calendar-goto-julian-date}). | |
803 @item g a | |
38156 | 804 Move to a date specified with an astronomical (Julian) day number |
25829 | 805 (@code{calendar-goto-astro-day-number}). |
806 @item g h | |
807 Move to a date specified in the Hebrew calendar | |
808 (@code{calendar-goto-hebrew-date}). | |
809 @item g i | |
810 Move to a date specified in the Islamic calendar | |
811 (@code{calendar-goto-islamic-date}). | |
812 @item g f | |
813 Move to a date specified in the French Revolutionary calendar | |
814 (@code{calendar-goto-french-date}). | |
815 @item g C | |
816 Move to a date specified in the Chinese calendar | |
817 (@code{calendar-goto-chinese-date}). | |
818 @item g p | |
819 Move to a date specified in the Persian calendar | |
820 (@code{calendar-goto-persian-date}). | |
821 @item g k | |
822 Move to a date specified in the Coptic calendar | |
823 (@code{calendar-goto-coptic-date}). | |
824 @item g e | |
825 Move to a date specified in the Ethiopic calendar | |
826 (@code{calendar-goto-ethiopic-date}). | |
827 @end table | |
828 | |
829 These commands ask you for a date on the other calendar, move point to | |
830 the Gregorian calendar date equivalent to that date, and display the | |
831 other calendar's date in the echo area. Emacs uses strict completion | |
832 (@pxref{Completion}) whenever it asks you to type a month name, so you | |
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833 don't have to worry about the spelling of Hebrew, Islamic, or French names. |
25829 | 834 |
835 @findex list-yahrzeit-dates | |
836 @cindex yahrzeits | |
837 One common question concerning the Hebrew calendar is the computation | |
838 of the anniversary of a date of death, called a ``yahrzeit.'' The Emacs | |
839 calendar includes a facility for such calculations. If you are in the | |
840 calendar, the command @kbd{M-x list-yahrzeit-dates} asks you for a | |
841 range of years and then displays a list of the yahrzeit dates for those | |
842 years for the date given by point. If you are not in the calendar, | |
843 this command first asks you for the date of death and the range of | |
844 years, and then displays the list of yahrzeit dates. | |
845 | |
846 @node Mayan Calendar | |
847 @subsection Converting from the Mayan Calendar | |
848 | |
849 Here are the commands to select dates based on the Mayan calendar: | |
850 | |
851 @table @kbd | |
852 @item g m l | |
853 Move to a date specified by the long count calendar | |
854 (@code{calendar-goto-mayan-long-count-date}). | |
855 @item g m n t | |
856 Move to the next occurrence of a place in the | |
857 tzolkin calendar (@code{calendar-next-tzolkin-date}). | |
858 @item g m p t | |
859 Move to the previous occurrence of a place in the | |
860 tzolkin calendar (@code{calendar-previous-tzolkin-date}). | |
861 @item g m n h | |
862 Move to the next occurrence of a place in the | |
863 haab calendar (@code{calendar-next-haab-date}). | |
864 @item g m p h | |
865 Move to the previous occurrence of a place in the | |
866 haab calendar (@code{calendar-previous-haab-date}). | |
867 @item g m n c | |
868 Move to the next occurrence of a place in the | |
869 calendar round (@code{calendar-next-calendar-round-date}). | |
870 @item g m p c | |
871 Move to the previous occurrence of a place in the | |
872 calendar round (@code{calendar-previous-calendar-round-date}). | |
873 @end table | |
874 | |
875 @cindex Mayan long count | |
876 To understand these commands, you need to understand the Mayan calendars. | |
877 The @dfn{long count} is a counting of days with these units: | |
878 | |
879 @display | |
880 1 kin = 1 day@ @ @ 1 uinal = 20 kin@ @ @ 1 tun = 18 uinal | |
881 1 katun = 20 tun@ @ @ 1 baktun = 20 katun | |
882 @end display | |
883 | |
884 @kindex g m @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
885 @findex calendar-goto-mayan-long-count-date | |
886 @noindent | |
887 Thus, the long count date 12.16.11.16.6 means 12 baktun, 16 katun, 11 | |
888 tun, 16 uinal, and 6 kin. The Emacs calendar can handle Mayan long | |
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889 count dates as early as 7.17.18.13.3, but no earlier. When you use the |
25829 | 890 @kbd{g m l} command, type the Mayan long count date with the baktun, |
891 katun, tun, uinal, and kin separated by periods. | |
892 | |
893 @findex calendar-previous-tzolkin-date | |
894 @findex calendar-next-tzolkin-date | |
895 @cindex Mayan tzolkin calendar | |
896 The Mayan tzolkin calendar is a cycle of 260 days formed by a pair of | |
897 independent cycles of 13 and 20 days. Since this cycle repeats | |
898 endlessly, Emacs provides commands to move backward and forward to the | |
899 previous or next point in the cycle. Type @kbd{g m p t} to go to the | |
900 previous tzolkin date; Emacs asks you for a tzolkin date and moves point | |
901 to the previous occurrence of that date. Similarly, type @kbd{g m n t} | |
902 to go to the next occurrence of a tzolkin date. | |
903 | |
904 @findex calendar-previous-haab-date | |
905 @findex calendar-next-haab-date | |
906 @cindex Mayan haab calendar | |
907 The Mayan haab calendar is a cycle of 365 days arranged as 18 months | |
908 of 20 days each, followed a 5-day monthless period. Like the tzolkin | |
909 cycle, this cycle repeats endlessly, and there are commands to move | |
910 backward and forward to the previous or next point in the cycle. Type | |
911 @kbd{g m p h} to go to the previous haab date; Emacs asks you for a haab | |
912 date and moves point to the previous occurrence of that date. | |
913 Similarly, type @kbd{g m n h} to go to the next occurrence of a haab | |
914 date. | |
915 | |
916 @c This is omitted because it is too long for smallbook format. | |
917 @c @findex calendar-previous-calendar-round-date | |
918 @findex calendar-next-calendar-round-date | |
919 @cindex Mayan calendar round | |
920 The Maya also used the combination of the tzolkin date and the haab | |
921 date. This combination is a cycle of about 52 years called a | |
922 @emph{calendar round}. If you type @kbd{g m p c}, Emacs asks you for | |
923 both a haab and a tzolkin date and then moves point to the previous | |
924 occurrence of that combination. Use @kbd{g m n c} to move point to the | |
925 next occurrence of a combination. These commands signal an error if the | |
926 haab/tzolkin date combination you have typed is impossible. | |
927 | |
928 Emacs uses strict completion (@pxref{Strict Completion}) whenever it | |
929 asks you to type a Mayan name, so you don't have to worry about | |
930 spelling. | |
931 | |
932 @node Diary | |
933 @section The Diary | |
934 @cindex diary | |
935 | |
936 The Emacs diary keeps track of appointments or other events on a daily | |
937 basis, in conjunction with the calendar. To use the diary feature, you | |
938 must first create a @dfn{diary file} containing a list of events and | |
939 their dates. Then Emacs can automatically pick out and display the | |
940 events for today, for the immediate future, or for any specified | |
941 date. | |
942 | |
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943 The name of the diary file is specified by the variable |
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944 @code{diary-file}; @file{~/diary} is the default. A sample diary file |
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945 is (note that the file format is essentially the same as that used by |
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946 the external shell utility @samp{calendar}): |
25829 | 947 |
948 @example | |
949 12/22/1988 Twentieth wedding anniversary!! | |
950 &1/1. Happy New Year! | |
951 10/22 Ruth's birthday. | |
952 * 21, *: Payday | |
953 Tuesday--weekly meeting with grad students at 10am | |
954 Supowit, Shen, Bitner, and Kapoor to attend. | |
955 1/13/89 Friday the thirteenth!! | |
956 &thu 4pm squash game with Lloyd. | |
957 mar 16 Dad's birthday | |
958 April 15, 1989 Income tax due. | |
959 &* 15 time cards due. | |
960 @end example | |
961 | |
962 @noindent | |
963 This example uses extra spaces to align the event descriptions of most | |
964 of the entries. Such formatting is purely a matter of taste. | |
965 | |
966 Although you probably will start by creating a diary manually, Emacs | |
967 provides a number of commands to let you view, add, and change diary | |
968 entries. | |
969 | |
970 @menu | |
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971 * Displaying the Diary:: Viewing diary entries and associated calendar dates. |
25829 | 972 * Format of Diary File:: Entering events in your diary. |
973 * Date Formats:: Various ways you can specify dates. | |
974 * Adding to Diary:: Commands to create diary entries. | |
975 * Special Diary Entries:: Anniversaries, blocks of dates, cyclic entries, etc. | |
976 @end menu | |
977 | |
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978 @node Displaying the Diary |
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979 @subsection Displaying the Diary |
25829 | 980 |
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981 Once you have created a diary file, you can use the calendar to view |
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982 it. You can also view today's events outside of Calendar mode. |
25829 | 983 |
984 @table @kbd | |
985 @item d | |
986 Display all diary entries for the selected date | |
987 (@code{view-diary-entries}). | |
988 @item Mouse-2 Diary | |
989 Display all diary entries for the date you click on. | |
990 @item s | |
991 Display the entire diary file (@code{show-all-diary-entries}). | |
992 @item m | |
993 Mark all visible dates that have diary entries | |
994 (@code{mark-diary-entries}). | |
995 @item u | |
996 Unmark the calendar window (@code{calendar-unmark}). | |
997 @item M-x print-diary-entries | |
998 Print hard copy of the diary display as it appears. | |
999 @item M-x diary | |
1000 Display all diary entries for today's date. | |
1001 @item M-x diary-mail-entries | |
1002 Mail yourself email reminders about upcoming diary entries. | |
1003 @end table | |
1004 | |
1005 @kindex d @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
1006 @findex view-diary-entries | |
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1007 @vindex view-diary-entries-initially |
25829 | 1008 Displaying the diary entries with @kbd{d} shows in a separate window |
1009 the diary entries for the selected date in the calendar. The mode line | |
1010 of the new window shows the date of the diary entries and any holidays | |
1011 that fall on that date. If you specify a numeric argument with @kbd{d}, | |
1012 it shows all the diary entries for that many successive days. Thus, | |
1013 @kbd{2 d} displays all the entries for the selected date and for the | |
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1014 following day. |
25829 | 1015 |
1016 Another way to display the diary entries for a date is to click | |
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1017 @kbd{Mouse-2} on the date, and then choose @kbd{Diary entries} from |
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1018 the menu that appears. If the variable |
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1019 @code{view-diary-entries-initially} is non-@code{nil}, creating the |
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1020 calendar also lists diary entries for the current date (provided the |
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1021 current date is visible). |
25829 | 1022 |
1023 @kindex m @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
1024 @findex mark-diary-entries | |
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1025 @vindex mark-diary-entries-in-calendar |
25829 | 1026 To get a broader view of which days are mentioned in the diary, use |
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1027 the @kbd{m} command. This displays the dates that have diary entries in |
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1028 a different face (or places a @samp{+} after these dates, if display |
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1029 with multiple faces is not available). @inforef{Calendar Customizing, |
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1030 diary-entry-marker, emacs-xtra}. The command applies both to the |
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1031 currently visible months and to other months that subsequently become |
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1032 visible by scrolling. To turn marking off and erase the current marks, |
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1033 type @kbd{u}, which also turns off holiday marks (@pxref{Holidays}). |
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1034 If the variable @code{mark-diary-entries-in-calendar} is |
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1035 non-@code{nil}, creating or updating the calendar marks diary dates |
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1036 automatically. |
25829 | 1037 |
1038 @kindex s @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
1039 @findex show-all-diary-entries | |
1040 To see the full diary file, rather than just some of the entries, use | |
1041 the @kbd{s} command. | |
1042 | |
1043 Display of selected diary entries uses the selective display feature | |
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1044 to hide entries that don't apply. The diary buffer as you see it is |
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1045 an illusion, so simply printing the buffer does not print what you see |
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1046 on your screen. There is a special command to print hard copy of the |
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1047 diary buffer @emph{as it appears}; this command is @kbd{M-x |
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1048 print-diary-entries}. It sends the data directly to the printer. You |
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1049 can customize it like @code{lpr-region} (@pxref{Printing}). |
25829 | 1050 |
1051 @findex diary | |
1052 The command @kbd{M-x diary} displays the diary entries for the current | |
1053 date, independently of the calendar display, and optionally for the next | |
1054 few days as well; the variable @code{number-of-diary-entries} specifies | |
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1055 how many days to include. @inforef{Diary Customizing,, emacs-xtra}. |
25829 | 1056 |
1057 If you put @code{(diary)} in your @file{.emacs} file, this | |
1058 automatically displays a window with the day's diary entries, when you | |
1059 enter Emacs. The mode line of the displayed window shows the date and | |
1060 any holidays that fall on that date. | |
1061 | |
1062 @findex diary-mail-entries | |
1063 @vindex diary-mail-days | |
1064 Many users like to receive notice of events in their diary as email. | |
1065 To send such mail to yourself, use the command @kbd{M-x | |
1066 diary-mail-entries}. A prefix argument specifies how many days | |
1067 (starting with today) to check; otherwise, the variable | |
1068 @code{diary-mail-days} says how many days. | |
1069 | |
1070 @node Format of Diary File | |
1071 @subsection The Diary File | |
1072 @cindex diary file | |
1073 | |
1074 @vindex diary-file | |
1075 Your @dfn{diary file} is a file that records events associated with | |
1076 particular dates. The name of the diary file is specified by the | |
1077 variable @code{diary-file}; @file{~/diary} is the default. The | |
1078 @code{calendar} utility program supports a subset of the format allowed | |
1079 by the Emacs diary facilities, so you can use that utility to view the | |
1080 diary file, with reasonable results aside from the entries it cannot | |
1081 understand. | |
1082 | |
1083 Each entry in the diary file describes one event and consists of one | |
1084 or more lines. An entry always begins with a date specification at the | |
1085 left margin. The rest of the entry is simply text to describe the | |
1086 event. If the entry has more than one line, then the lines after the | |
1087 first must begin with whitespace to indicate they continue a previous | |
1088 entry. Lines that do not begin with valid dates and do not continue a | |
1089 preceding entry are ignored. | |
1090 | |
1091 You can inhibit the marking of certain diary entries in the calendar | |
1092 window; to do this, insert an ampersand (@samp{&}) at the beginning of | |
1093 the entry, before the date. This has no effect on display of the entry | |
1094 in the diary window; it affects only marks on dates in the calendar | |
1095 window. Nonmarking entries are especially useful for generic entries | |
1096 that would otherwise mark many different dates. | |
1097 | |
1098 If the first line of a diary entry consists only of the date or day | |
1099 name with no following blanks or punctuation, then the diary window | |
1100 display doesn't include that line; only the continuation lines appear. | |
1101 For example, this entry: | |
1102 | |
1103 @example | |
1104 02/11/1989 | |
1105 Bill B. visits Princeton today | |
1106 2pm Cognitive Studies Committee meeting | |
1107 2:30-5:30 Liz at Lawrenceville | |
1108 4:00pm Dentist appt | |
1109 7:30pm Dinner at George's | |
1110 8:00-10:00pm concert | |
1111 @end example | |
1112 | |
1113 @noindent | |
1114 appears in the diary window without the date line at the beginning. | |
1115 This style of entry looks neater when you display just a single day's | |
1116 entries, but can cause confusion if you ask for more than one day's | |
1117 entries. | |
1118 | |
1119 You can edit the diary entries as they appear in the window, but it is | |
1120 important to remember that the buffer displayed contains the @emph{entire} | |
1121 diary file, with portions of it concealed from view. This means, for | |
1122 instance, that the @kbd{C-f} (@code{forward-char}) command can put point | |
1123 at what appears to be the end of the line, but what is in reality the | |
1124 middle of some concealed line. | |
1125 | |
1126 @emph{Be careful when editing the diary entries!} Inserting | |
1127 additional lines or adding/deleting characters in the middle of a | |
1128 visible line cannot cause problems, but editing at the end of a line may | |
1129 not do what you expect. Deleting a line may delete other invisible | |
1130 entries that follow it. Before editing the diary, it is best to display | |
1131 the entire file with @kbd{s} (@code{show-all-diary-entries}). | |
1132 | |
1133 @node Date Formats | |
1134 @subsection Date Formats | |
1135 | |
1136 Here are some sample diary entries, illustrating different ways of | |
1137 formatting a date. The examples all show dates in American order | |
1138 (month, day, year), but Calendar mode supports European order (day, | |
1139 month, year) as an option. | |
1140 | |
1141 @example | |
1142 4/20/93 Switch-over to new tabulation system | |
1143 apr. 25 Start tabulating annual results | |
1144 4/30 Results for April are due | |
1145 */25 Monthly cycle finishes | |
1146 Friday Don't leave without backing up files | |
1147 @end example | |
1148 | |
1149 The first entry appears only once, on April 20, 1993. The second and | |
1150 third appear every year on the specified dates, and the fourth uses a | |
1151 wildcard (asterisk) for the month, so it appears on the 25th of every | |
1152 month. The final entry appears every week on Friday. | |
1153 | |
1154 You can use just numbers to express a date, as in | |
1155 @samp{@var{month}/@var{day}} or @samp{@var{month}/@var{day}/@var{year}}. | |
1156 This must be followed by a nondigit. In the date itself, @var{month} | |
1157 and @var{day} are numbers of one or two digits. The optional @var{year} | |
1158 is also a number, and may be abbreviated to the last two digits; that | |
1159 is, you can use @samp{11/12/1989} or @samp{11/12/89}. | |
1160 | |
1161 Dates can also have the form @samp{@var{monthname} @var{day}} or | |
1162 @samp{@var{monthname} @var{day}, @var{year}}, where the month's name can | |
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1163 be spelled in full or abbreviated (with or without a period). The |
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1164 preferred abbreviations can be controlled using the variables |
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1165 @code{calendar-abbrev-length}, @code{calendar-month-abbrev-array}, and |
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1166 @code{calendar-day-abbrev-array}. The default is to use the first three |
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1167 letters of a name as its abbreviation. Case is not significant. |
25829 | 1168 |
1169 A date may be @dfn{generic}; that is, partially unspecified. Then the | |
1170 entry applies to all dates that match the specification. If the date | |
1171 does not contain a year, it is generic and applies to any year. | |
1172 Alternatively, @var{month}, @var{day}, or @var{year} can be a @samp{*}; | |
1173 this matches any month, day, or year, respectively. Thus, a diary entry | |
1174 @samp{3/*/*} matches any day in March of any year; so does @samp{march | |
1175 *}. | |
1176 | |
1177 @vindex european-calendar-style | |
1178 @findex european-calendar | |
1179 @findex american-calendar | |
1180 If you prefer the European style of writing dates---in which the day | |
1181 comes before the month---type @kbd{M-x european-calendar} while in the | |
1182 calendar, or set the variable @code{european-calendar-style} to @code{t} | |
1183 @emph{before} using any calendar or diary command. This mode interprets | |
1184 all dates in the diary in the European manner, and also uses European | |
1185 style for displaying diary dates. (Note that there is no comma after | |
1186 the @var{monthname} in the European style.) To go back to the (default) | |
1187 American style of writing dates, type @kbd{M-x american-calendar}. | |
1188 | |
1189 You can use the name of a day of the week as a generic date which | |
1190 applies to any date falling on that day of the week. You can abbreviate | |
1191 the day of the week to three letters (with or without a period) or spell | |
1192 it in full; case is not significant. | |
1193 | |
1194 @node Adding to Diary | |
1195 @subsection Commands to Add to the Diary | |
1196 | |
1197 While in the calendar, there are several commands to create diary | |
1198 entries: | |
1199 | |
1200 @table @kbd | |
1201 @item i d | |
1202 Add a diary entry for the selected date (@code{insert-diary-entry}). | |
1203 @item i w | |
1204 Add a diary entry for the selected day of the week (@code{insert-weekly-diary-entry}). | |
1205 @item i m | |
1206 Add a diary entry for the selected day of the month (@code{insert-monthly-diary-entry}). | |
1207 @item i y | |
1208 Add a diary entry for the selected day of the year (@code{insert-yearly-diary-entry}). | |
1209 @end table | |
1210 | |
1211 @kindex i d @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
1212 @findex insert-diary-entry | |
1213 You can make a diary entry for a specific date by selecting that date | |
1214 in the calendar window and typing the @kbd{i d} command. This command | |
1215 displays the end of your diary file in another window and inserts the | |
1216 date; you can then type the rest of the diary entry. | |
1217 | |
1218 @kindex i w @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
1219 @findex insert-weekly-diary-entry | |
1220 @kindex i m @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
1221 @findex insert-monthly-diary-entry | |
1222 @kindex i y @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
1223 @findex insert-yearly-diary-entry | |
1224 If you want to make a diary entry that applies to a specific day of | |
1225 the week, select that day of the week (any occurrence will do) and type | |
1226 @kbd{i w}. This inserts the day-of-week as a generic date; you can then | |
1227 type the rest of the diary entry. You can make a monthly diary entry in | |
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1228 the same fashion: select the day of the month, use the @kbd{i m} |
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1229 command, and type the rest of the entry. Similarly, you can insert a |
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1230 yearly diary entry with the @kbd{i y} command. |
25829 | 1231 |
1232 All of the above commands make marking diary entries by default. To | |
1233 make a nonmarking diary entry, give a numeric argument to the command. | |
1234 For example, @kbd{C-u i w} makes a nonmarking weekly diary entry. | |
1235 | |
1236 When you modify the diary file, be sure to save the file before | |
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1237 exiting Emacs. Saving the diary file after using any of the above |
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1238 insertion commands will automatically update the diary marks in the |
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1239 calendar window, if appropriate. You can use the command |
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1240 @code{redraw-calendar} to force an update at any time. |
25829 | 1241 |
1242 @node Special Diary Entries | |
1243 @subsection Special Diary Entries | |
1244 | |
1245 In addition to entries based on calendar dates, the diary file can | |
1246 contain @dfn{sexp entries} for regular events such as anniversaries. | |
1247 These entries are based on Lisp expressions (sexps) that Emacs evaluates | |
1248 as it scans the diary file. Instead of a date, a sexp entry contains | |
1249 @samp{%%} followed by a Lisp expression which must begin and end with | |
1250 parentheses. The Lisp expression determines which dates the entry | |
1251 applies to. | |
1252 | |
1253 Calendar mode provides commands to insert certain commonly used | |
1254 sexp entries: | |
1255 | |
1256 @table @kbd | |
1257 @item i a | |
1258 Add an anniversary diary entry for the selected date | |
1259 (@code{insert-anniversary-diary-entry}). | |
1260 @item i b | |
1261 Add a block diary entry for the current region | |
1262 (@code{insert-block-diary-entry}). | |
1263 @item i c | |
1264 Add a cyclic diary entry starting at the date | |
1265 (@code{insert-cyclic-diary-entry}). | |
1266 @end table | |
1267 | |
1268 @kindex i a @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
1269 @findex insert-anniversary-diary-entry | |
1270 If you want to make a diary entry that applies to the anniversary of a | |
1271 specific date, move point to that date and use the @kbd{i a} command. | |
1272 This displays the end of your diary file in another window and inserts | |
1273 the anniversary description; you can then type the rest of the diary | |
1274 entry. The entry looks like this: | |
1275 | |
1276 @findex diary-anniversary | |
1277 @example | |
1278 %%(diary-anniversary 10 31 1948) Arthur's birthday | |
1279 @end example | |
1280 | |
1281 @noindent | |
1282 This entry applies to October 31 in any year after 1948; @samp{10 31 | |
1283 1948} specifies the date. (If you are using the European calendar | |
1284 style, the month and day are interchanged.) The reason this expression | |
1285 requires a beginning year is that advanced diary functions can use it to | |
1286 calculate the number of elapsed years. | |
1287 | |
1288 A @dfn{block} diary entry applies to a specified range of consecutive | |
1289 dates. Here is a block diary entry that applies to all dates from June | |
1290 24, 1990 through July 10, 1990: | |
1291 | |
1292 @findex diary-block | |
1293 @example | |
1294 %%(diary-block 6 24 1990 7 10 1990) Vacation | |
1295 @end example | |
1296 | |
1297 @noindent | |
1298 The @samp{6 24 1990} indicates the starting date and the @samp{7 10 1990} | |
1299 indicates the stopping date. (Again, if you are using the European calendar | |
1300 style, the month and day are interchanged.) | |
1301 | |
1302 @kindex i b @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
1303 @findex insert-block-diary-entry | |
1304 To insert a block entry, place point and the mark on the two | |
1305 dates that begin and end the range, and type @kbd{i b}. This command | |
1306 displays the end of your diary file in another window and inserts the | |
1307 block description; you can then type the diary entry. | |
1308 | |
1309 @kindex i c @r{(Calendar mode)} | |
1310 @findex insert-cyclic-diary-entry | |
1311 @dfn{Cyclic} diary entries repeat after a fixed interval of days. To | |
1312 create one, select the starting date and use the @kbd{i c} command. The | |
1313 command prompts for the length of interval, then inserts the entry, | |
1314 which looks like this: | |
1315 | |
1316 @findex diary-cyclic | |
1317 @example | |
1318 %%(diary-cyclic 50 3 1 1990) Renew medication | |
1319 @end example | |
1320 | |
1321 @noindent | |
1322 This entry applies to March 1, 1990 and every 50th day following; | |
1323 @samp{3 1 1990} specifies the starting date. (If you are using the | |
1324 European calendar style, the month and day are interchanged.) | |
1325 | |
1326 All three of these commands make marking diary entries. To insert a | |
1327 nonmarking entry, give a numeric argument to the command. For example, | |
1328 @kbd{C-u i a} makes a nonmarking anniversary diary entry. | |
1329 | |
1330 Marking sexp diary entries in the calendar is @emph{extremely} | |
1331 time-consuming, since every date visible in the calendar window must be | |
1332 individually checked. So it's a good idea to make sexp diary entries | |
1333 nonmarking (with @samp{&}) when possible. | |
1334 | |
1335 Another sophisticated kind of sexp entry, a @dfn{floating} diary entry, | |
1336 specifies a regularly occurring event by offsets specified in days, | |
1337 weeks, and months. It is comparable to a crontab entry interpreted by | |
1338 the @code{cron} utility. Here is a nonmarking, floating diary entry | |
1339 that applies to the last Thursday in November: | |
1340 | |
1341 @findex diary-float | |
1342 @example | |
1343 &%%(diary-float 11 4 -1) American Thanksgiving | |
1344 @end example | |
1345 | |
1346 @noindent | |
1347 The 11 specifies November (the eleventh month), the 4 specifies Thursday | |
1348 (the fourth day of the week, where Sunday is numbered zero), and the | |
1349 @minus{}1 specifies ``last'' (1 would mean ``first,'' 2 would mean | |
1350 ``second,'' @minus{}2 would mean ``second-to-last,'' and so on). The | |
1351 month can be a single month or a list of months. Thus you could change | |
1352 the 11 above to @samp{'(1 2 3)} and have the entry apply to the last | |
1353 Thursday of January, February, and March. If the month is @code{t}, the | |
1354 entry applies to all months of the year.@refill | |
1355 | |
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1356 Each of the standard sexp diary entries takes an optional parameter |
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1357 specifying the name of a face or a single-character string to use when |
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1358 marking the entry in the calendar. Most generally, sexp diary entries |
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1359 can perform arbitrary computations to determine when they apply. |
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1360 @inforef{Sexp Diary Entries,, emacs-xtra}. |
25829 | 1361 |
1362 @node Appointments | |
1363 @section Appointments | |
1364 @cindex appointment notification | |
1365 | |
53560 | 1366 @vindex appt-display-format |
1367 @vindex appt-audible | |
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1368 @vindex appt-display-mode-line |
25829 | 1369 If you have a diary entry for an appointment, and that diary entry |
38745 | 1370 begins with a recognizable time of day, Emacs can warn you several |
1371 minutes beforehand that that appointment is pending. Emacs alerts you | |
53560 | 1372 to the appointment by displaying a message in your chosen format, as |
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1373 specified by the variable @code{appt-display-format}. If the value of |
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1374 @code{appt-audible} is non-@code{nil}, an audible reminder is also |
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1375 given. In addition, if @code{appt-display-mode-line} is non-@code{nil}, |
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1376 Emacs displays the number of minutes to the appointment on the mode |
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1377 line. |
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1378 |
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1379 @vindex appt-display-duration |
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1380 @vindex appt-disp-window-function |
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1381 @vindex appt-delete-window-function |
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1382 If @code{appt-display-format} has the value @code{window}, then the |
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1383 variable @code{appt-display-duration} controls how long the reminder |
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1384 window is visible for; and the variables |
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1385 @code{appt-disp-window-function} and @code{appt-delete-window-function} |
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1386 give the names of functions used to create and destroy the window, |
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1387 respectively. |
25829 | 1388 |
53560 | 1389 @findex appt-activate |
1390 To enable appointment notification, call the function | |
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1391 @code{appt-activate} with a positive argument. This sets up an |
53560 | 1392 appointment list for today from the diary file, giving all diary entries |
1393 found with recognizable times of day, and reminds you just before each | |
1394 of them. Calling @code{appt-activate} with a negative argument disables | |
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1395 the appointment package. With no argument, it toggles. |
25829 | 1396 |
1397 For example, suppose the diary file contains these lines: | |
1398 | |
1399 @example | |
1400 Monday | |
1401 9:30am Coffee break | |
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1402 12:00pm Lunch |
25829 | 1403 @end example |
1404 | |
53560 | 1405 @vindex appt-message-warning-time |
25829 | 1406 @noindent |
53560 | 1407 Then on Mondays, you will be reminded at around 9:20am about your coffee |
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1408 break and at around 11:50am about lunch. How many minutes in advance you |
53560 | 1409 are first warned is determined by the value of |
1410 @code{appt-message-warning-time}. | |
25829 | 1411 |
1412 You can write times in am/pm style (with @samp{12:00am} standing | |
1413 for midnight and @samp{12:00pm} standing for noon), or 24-hour | |
1414 European/military style. You need not be consistent; your diary file | |
53560 | 1415 can have a mixture of the two styles. Times must be at the beginning |
1416 of lines if they are to be recognized. | |
25829 | 1417 |
1418 @vindex appt-display-diary | |
53560 | 1419 Emacs updates the appointments list from the diary file automatically |
1420 just after midnight. An update can be forced at any time by | |
1421 re-activating the appointment package. Both these actions also display | |
1422 the day's diary buffer, unless you set @code{appt-display-diary} to | |
1423 @code{nil}. The appointments list is also updated whenever the | |
1424 diary file is saved. | |
25829 | 1425 |
1426 @findex appt-add | |
1427 @findex appt-delete | |
1428 @cindex alarm clock | |
1429 You can also use the appointment notification facility like an alarm | |
1430 clock. The command @kbd{M-x appt-add} adds entries to the appointment | |
1431 list without affecting your diary file. You delete entries from the | |
1432 appointment list with @kbd{M-x appt-delete}. | |
1433 | |
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1434 @node Importing Diary |
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1435 @section Importing and Exporting Diary Entries |
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1436 |
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1437 You can transfer diary entries between Emacs diary files and a |
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1438 variety of other formats. |
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1439 |
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1440 @vindex diary-outlook-formats |
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1441 You can import diary entries from Outlook-generated appointment |
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1442 messages. While viewing such a message in Rmail or Gnus, do @kbd{M-x |
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1443 diary-from-outlook} to import the entry. You can make this command |
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1444 recognize additional appointment message formats by customizing the |
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1445 variable @code{diary-outlook-formats}. |
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1446 |
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1447 @cindex iCalendar support |
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1448 The icalendar package allows you to transfer data between your Emacs |
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1449 diary file and iCalendar files, which are defined in ``RFC |
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1450 2445---Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification |
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1451 (iCalendar)'' (as well as the earlier vCalendar format). |
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1452 |
57377 | 1453 Importing works for ``ordinary'' (i.e. non-recurring) events, but (at |
1454 present) may not work correctly (if at all) for recurring events. | |
1455 Exporting of diary files into iCalendar files should work correctly for | |
1456 most diary entries. Please note that @file{icalendar.el} is work in | |
1457 progress, so usage may evolve in future. | |
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1458 |
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1459 @findex icalendar-import-buffer |
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|
1460 The command @code{icalendar-import-buffer} extracts |
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|
1461 iCalendar data from the current buffer and adds it to your (default) |
57377 | 1462 diary file. This function is also suitable for automatic extraction of |
1463 iCalendar data; for example with the Rmail mail client one could use: | |
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1464 |
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1465 @example |
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1466 (add-hook 'rmail-show-message-hook 'icalendar-import-buffer) |
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1467 @end example |
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1468 |
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1469 @findex icalendar-import-file |
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1470 The command @code{icalendar-import-file} imports an iCalendar file |
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1471 and adds the results to an Emacs diary file. For example: |
57338
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1472 |
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1473 @example |
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1474 (icalendar-import-file "/here/is/calendar.ics" "/there/goes/ical-diary") |
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1475 @end example |
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1476 |
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1477 @noindent |
57377 | 1478 You can use an @code{#include} directive to add the import file contents |
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1479 to the main diary file, if these are distinct. @inforef{Fancy Diary |
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1480 Display,, emacs-xtra}. |
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1481 |
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1482 @findex icalendar-export-file, icalendar-export-region |
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1483 Use @code{icalendar-export-file} to interactively export an entire |
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1484 Emacs diary file to iCalendar format. To export only a part of a diary |
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1485 file, mark the relevant area, and call @code{icalendar-export-region}. |
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1486 In both cases the result is appended to the target file. |
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1487 |
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1488 |
25829 | 1489 @node Daylight Savings |
1490 @section Daylight Savings Time | |
1491 @cindex daylight savings time | |
1492 | |
1493 Emacs understands the difference between standard time and daylight | |
1494 savings time---the times given for sunrise, sunset, solstices, | |
1495 equinoxes, and the phases of the moon take that into account. The rules | |
1496 for daylight savings time vary from place to place and have also varied | |
1497 historically from year to year. To do the job properly, Emacs needs to | |
1498 know which rules to use. | |
1499 | |
1500 @vindex calendar-daylight-savings-starts | |
1501 @vindex calendar-daylight-savings-ends | |
1502 Some operating systems keep track of the rules that apply to the place | |
1503 where you are; on these systems, Emacs gets the information it needs | |
1504 from the system automatically. If some or all of this information is | |
1505 missing, Emacs fills in the gaps with the rules currently used in | |
1506 Cambridge, Massachusetts. If the resulting rules are not what you want, | |
1507 you can tell Emacs the rules to use by setting certain variables: | |
1508 @code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts} and | |
1509 @code{calendar-daylight-savings-ends}. | |
1510 | |
1511 These values should be Lisp expressions that refer to the variable | |
1512 @code{year}, and evaluate to the Gregorian date on which daylight | |
1513 savings time starts or (respectively) ends, in the form of a list | |
1514 @code{(@var{month} @var{day} @var{year})}. The values should be | |
1515 @code{nil} if your area does not use daylight savings time. | |
1516 | |
1517 Emacs uses these expressions to determine the starting date of | |
1518 daylight savings time for the holiday list and for correcting times of | |
1519 day in the solar and lunar calculations. | |
1520 | |
1521 The values for Cambridge, Massachusetts are as follows: | |
1522 | |
1523 @example | |
1524 (calendar-nth-named-day 1 0 4 year) | |
1525 (calendar-nth-named-day -1 0 10 year) | |
1526 @end example | |
1527 | |
1528 @noindent | |
1529 That is, the first 0th day (Sunday) of the fourth month (April) in | |
1530 the year specified by @code{year}, and the last Sunday of the tenth month | |
1531 (October) of that year. If daylight savings time were | |
1532 changed to start on October 1, you would set | |
1533 @code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts} to this: | |
1534 | |
1535 @example | |
1536 (list 10 1 year) | |
1537 @end example | |
1538 | |
1539 If there is no daylight savings time at your location, or if you want | |
1540 all times in standard time, set @code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts} | |
1541 and @code{calendar-daylight-savings-ends} to @code{nil}. | |
1542 | |
1543 @vindex calendar-daylight-time-offset | |
1544 The variable @code{calendar-daylight-time-offset} specifies the | |
1545 difference between daylight savings time and standard time, measured in | |
1546 minutes. The value for Cambridge, Massachusetts is 60. | |
1547 | |
1548 @c @vindex calendar-daylight-savings-starts-time too long! | |
1549 @vindex calendar-daylight-savings-ends-time | |
1550 The two variables @code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts-time} and | |
1551 @code{calendar-daylight-savings-ends-time} specify the number of minutes | |
1552 after midnight local time when the transition to and from daylight | |
1553 savings time should occur. For Cambridge, Massachusetts both variables' | |
1554 values are 120. | |
30794 | 1555 |
1556 @node Time Intervals | |
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1557 @section Summing Time Intervals |
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1558 @cindex time intervals, summing |
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1559 @cindex summing time intervals |
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1560 @cindex timeclock |
30794 | 1561 |
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1562 The timeclock feature adds up time intervals, so you can (for |
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1563 instance) keep track of how much time you spend working. |
30794 | 1564 |
1565 @findex timeclock-in | |
1566 @findex timeclock-out | |
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1567 @findex timeclock-change |
30794 | 1568 @findex timeclock-workday-remaining |
1569 @findex timeclock-when-to-leave | |
1570 Use the @kbd{M-x timeclock-in} command when you start working on a | |
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1571 project, and @kbd{M-x timeclock-out} command when you're done. Each |
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1572 time you do this, it adds one time interval to the record of the |
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1573 project. You can change to working on a different project with @kbd{M-x |
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1574 timeclock-change}. |
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1575 |
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1576 Once you've collected data from a number of time intervals, you can use |
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1577 @kbd{M-x timeclock-workday-remaining} to see how much time is left to |
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1578 work today (assuming a typical average of 8 hours a day), and @kbd{M-x |
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1579 timeclock-when-to-leave} which will calculate when you're ``done.'' |
30794 | 1580 |
1581 @vindex timeclock-modeline-display | |
1582 @findex timeclock-modeline-display | |
1583 If you want Emacs to display the amount of time ``left'' of your | |
1584 workday in the mode line, either customize the | |
1585 @code{timeclock-modeline-display} variable and set its value to | |
1586 @code{t}, or invoke the @kbd{M-x timeclock-modeline-display} command. | |
1587 | |
1588 @vindex timeclock-ask-before-exiting | |
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1589 Terminating the current Emacs session might or might not mean that you |
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1590 have stopped working on the project and, by default, Emacs queries this. |
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1591 You can, however, set the value of the variable |
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1592 @code{timeclock-ask-before-exiting} to @code{nil} (via @kbd{M-x |
63600 | 1593 customize}) to avoid this behavior; then, only an explicit @kbd{M-x |
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1594 timeclock-out} or @kbd{M-x timeclock-change} will tell Emacs that the |
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1595 current interval is over. |
30794 | 1596 |
1597 @cindex @file{.timelog} file | |
1598 @vindex timeclock-file | |
1599 @findex timeclock-reread-log | |
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1600 The timeclock functions work by accumulating the data in a file |
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1601 called @file{.timelog} in your home directory. You can specify a |
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1602 different name for this file by customizing the variable |
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1603 @code{timeclock-file}. If you edit the timeclock file manually, or if |
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|
1604 you change the value of any of timeclock's customizable variables, you |
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|
1605 should run the command @kbd{M-x timeclock-reread-log} to update the |
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|
1606 data in Emacs from the file. |
52401 | 1607 |
1608 @ignore | |
1609 arch-tag: 4531ef09-9df3-449d-9c52-2b5a4a337f92 | |
1610 @end ignore |