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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
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2 @c Copyright (C) 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
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4
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5 @node Antinews, Mac OS, X Resources, Top
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6 @appendix Emacs 21 Antinews
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7
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8 For those users who live backwards in time, here is information about
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9 downgrading to Emacs version 21.4. We hope you will enjoy the greater
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10 simplicity that results from the absence of many Emacs @value{EMACSVER}
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11 features.
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12
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13 @itemize @bullet
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14
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15 @item
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16 The buffer position and line number are now displayed at the end of
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17 the mode line, where they can be more easily seen.
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18
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19 @item
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20 The mode line of the selected window is no longer displayed with a
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21 special face. All mode lines are created equal. Meanwhile, you can
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22 use the variable @code{mode-line-inverse-video} to control whether
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23 mode lines are highlighted at all---@code{nil} means don't highlight
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24 them.
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25
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26 @item
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27 Clicking on a link with the left mouse button (@kbd{mouse-1}) will
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28 always set point at the position clicked, instead of following the
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29 link. If you want to follow the link, use the middle mouse button
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30 (@kbd{mouse-2}).
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31
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32 @item
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33 Emacs is tired of X droppings. If you drop a file or a piece of text
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34 onto an Emacs window, nothing will happen.
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35
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36 @item
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37 On an xterm, even if you enable Xterm Mouse mode, Emacs provides a
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38 more convincing simulation of a text terminal by not responding to
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39 mouse clicks on the mode line, header line, or display margin.
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40
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41 @item
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42 For simplicity, windows always have fringes. We wouldn't want to
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43 in-fringe anyone's windows. Likewise, horizontal scrolling always
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44 works in the same automatic way.
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45
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46 @item
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47 The horizontal-bar cursor shape has been removed.
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48
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49 @item
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50 If command line arguments are given, Emacs will not display a splash
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51 screen, so that you can immediately get on with your editing. The
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52 command-line option @samp{--no-splash} is therefore obsolete, and has
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53 been removed.
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54
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55 @item
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56 The command line options @samp{--color}, @samp{--fullwidth},
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57 @samp{--fullheight}, @samp{--fullscreen}, @samp{--no-blinking-cursor},
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58 @samp{--no-desktop}, and @samp{-Q} have also been removed.
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59
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60 @item
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61 The @samp{--geometry} option applies only to the initial frame, and
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62 the @samp{-f} option will not read arguments for interactive
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63 functions.
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64
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65 @item
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66 We have standardized on one location for the user init file: the file
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67 named @file{.emacs} in your home directory. Emacs will not look for
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68 the init file in @file{~/.emacs.d/init.el}. Similarly, don't try
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(Antinews): Mention the alternative to `~/.emacs_SHELLNAME',
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
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69 putting @file{.emacs_SHELL} as @file{init_SHELL.sh} in
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(Antinews): Mention the alternative to `~/.emacs_SHELLNAME',
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70 @file{~/.emacs.d}; Emacs won't find it.
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71
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72 @item
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73 Emacs will not read @file{~/.abbrev_defs} automatically. If you want
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74 to load abbrev definitions from a file, you must always do so
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75 explicitly.
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76
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77 @item
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78 When you are logged in as root, all files now give you writable
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79 buffers, reflecting the fact that you can write any files.
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80
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81 @item
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82 The maximum size of buffers and integer variables has been halved. On
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83 32-bit machines, the maximum buffer size is now 128 megabytes.
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84
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85 @item
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86 An unquoted @samp{$} in a file name is now an error, if the following
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87 name is not recognized as an environment variable. Thus,
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88 the file name @file{foo$bar} would probably be an error. Meanwhile,
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89 the @code{setenv} command does not expand @samp{$} at all.
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90
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91 @item
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92 If a single command accumulates too much undo information, Emacs never
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93 discards it. If Emacs runs out of memory as a result, it will handle
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94 this by crashing.
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95
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96 @item
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97 Many commands have been removed from the menus or rearranged.
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98
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99 @item
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100 The @kbd{C-h} (help) subcommands have been rearranged---especially
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101 those that display specific files. Type @kbd{C-h C-h} to see a list
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102 of these commands; that will show you what is different.
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103
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104 @item
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105 The @kbd{C-h v} and @kbd{C-h f} commands no longer show a hyperlink to
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106 the C source code, even if it is available. If you want to find the
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107 source code, grep for it.
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108
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109 @item
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110 The apropos commands will not accept a list of words to match, in
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111 order to encourage you to be more specific. Also, the user option
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112 @code{apropos-sort-by-scores} has been removed.
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113
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114 @item
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115 The minibuffer prompt is now displayed using the default face.
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116 The colon is enough to show you what part is the prompt.
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117
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118 @item
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119 Minibuffer completion commands always complete the entire minibuffer
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120 contents, just as if you had typed them at the end of the minibuffer,
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121 no matter where point is actually located.
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122
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123 @item
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124 The command @code{backward-kill-sexp} is now bound to @kbd{C-M-delete}
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125 and @kbd{C-M-backspace}. Be careful when using these key sequences!
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126 It may shut down your X server, or reboot your operating system.
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127
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128 @item
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129 Commands to set the mark at a place away from point, including
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130 @kbd{M-@@}, @kbd{M-h}, etc., don't do anything special when you repeat
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131 them. In most cases, typing these commands multiple times is
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132 equivalent to typing them once. @kbd{M-h} ignores numeric arguments.
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133
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134 @item
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135 The user option @code{set-mark-command-repeat-pop} has been removed.
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136
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137 @item
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138 @kbd{C-@key{SPC} C-@key{SPC}} has no special meaning--it just sets the
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139 mark twice. Neither does @kbd{C-u C-x C-x}, which simply exchanges
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140 point and mark like @kbd{C-x C-x}.
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141
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142 @item
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143 The function @code{sentence-end} has been eliminated in favor of a
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144 more straightforward approach: directly setting the variable
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145 @code{sentence-end}. For example, to end each sentence with a single
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146 space, use
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147
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148 @lisp
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149 (setq sentence-end "[.?!][]\"')@}]*\\($\\|[ \t]\\)[ \t\n]*")
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150 @end lisp
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151
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152 @item
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153 The variable @code{fill-nobreak-predicate} is no longer customizable,
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154 and it can only hold a single function.
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155
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156 @item
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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157 Nobreak spaces and hyphens are displayed just like normal characters,
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(Antinews): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape to nobreak-char-display.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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158 and the user option @code{nobreak-char-display} has been removed.
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159
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160 @item
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161 @kbd{C-w} in an incremental search always grabs an entire word
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162 into the search string. More precisely, it grabs text through
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163 the next end of a word.
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164
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165 @item
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166 Yanking now preserves all text properties that were in the killed
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167 text. The variable @code{yank-excluded-properties} has been removed.
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168
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169 @item
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170 Occur mode, Info mode, and Comint-derived modes now control
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171 fontification in their own way, and @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode} has
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172 nothing to do with it. To control fontification in Info mode, use the
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173 variable @code{Info-fontify}.
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174
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175 @item
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176 @samp{M-x shell} is now completely standard in regard to scrolling
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177 behavior. It no longer has the option of scrolling the input line to
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178 the bottom of the window the way a text terminal running a shell does.
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179
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180 @item
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181 The Grep package has been merged with Compilation mode. Many
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182 grep-specific commands and user options have thus been eliminated.
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183 Also, @kbd{M-x grep} never tries the GNU grep @samp{-H} option,
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184 and instead silently appends @file{/dev/null} to the command line.
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185
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186 @item
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187 In Dired's @kbd{!} command, @samp{*} and @samp{?} now
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188 cause substitution of the file names wherever they appear---not
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189 only when they are surrounded by whitespace.
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190
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191 @item
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192 When a file is managed with version control, the command @kbd{C-x C-q}
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193 (whose general meaning is to make a buffer read-only or writable) now
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194 does so by checking the file in or out. Checking the file out makes
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195 the buffer writable; checking it in makes the buffer read-only.
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196
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197 You can still use @kbd{C-x v v} to do these operations if you wish;
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198 its meaning is unchanged. If you want to control the buffer's
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199 read-only flag without performing any version control operation,
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200 use @kbd{M-x toggle-read-only}.
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201
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202 @item
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203 SGML mode does not handle XML syntax, and does not have indentation
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204 support.
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205
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206 @item
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207 Many Info mode commands have been removed. Incremental search in Info
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208 searches only the current node.
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209
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210 @item
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211 Many @code{etags} features for customizing parsing using regexps
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212 have been removed.
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213
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214 @item
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215 The Emacs server now runs a small C program called @file{emacsserver},
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216 rather than trying to handle everything in Emacs Lisp. Now there can
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217 only be one Emacs server running at a time. The @code{server-mode}
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218 command and @code{server-name} user option have been eliminated.
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219
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220 @item
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221 The @file{emacsclient} program no longer accepts the @samp{--eval},
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222 @samp{--display} and @samp{--server-file} command line options, and
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223 can only establish local connections using Unix domain sockets.
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224
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225 @item
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226 The command @code{quail-show-key}, for showing how to input a
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227 character, has been removed.
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228
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229 @item
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230 The default value of @code{keyboard-coding-system} is always
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231 @code{nil}, regardless of your locale settings. If you want some
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232 other value, set it yourself.
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233
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234 @item
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235 Unicode support and unification between Latin-@var{n} character sets
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236 have been removed. Cutting and pasting X selections does not support
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237 ``extended segments'', so there are certain coding systems it cannot
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238 handle.
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239
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240 @item
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241 The input methods for Emacs are included in a separate distribution
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242 called ``Leim.'' To use this, you must extract the Leim tar file on
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243 top of the Emacs distribution, into the same directory, before you
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244 build Emacs.
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245
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246 @item
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247 The following input methods have been eliminated: belarusian,
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248 bulgarian-bds, bulgarian-phonetic, chinese-sisheng, croatian, dutch,
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249 georgian, latin-alt-postfix, latin-postfix, latin-prefix,
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250 latvian-keyboard, lithuanian-numeric, lithuanian-keyboard,
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251 malayalam-inscript, rfc1345, russian-computer, sgml, slovenian,
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252 tamil-inscript ucs, ukrainian-computer, vietnamese-telex, and welsh.
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253
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254 @item
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255 The following language environments have been eliminated: Belarusian,
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256 Bulgarian, Chinese-EUC-TW, Croatian, French, Georgian, Italian,
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257 Latin-6, Latin-7, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malayalam, Russian, Russian,
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258 Slovenian, Swedish, Tajik, Tamil, UTF-8, Ukrainian, Ukrainian, Welsh,
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259 and Windows-1255.
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260
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261 @item
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262 The @code{code-pages} library, which contained various 8-bit coding
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263 systems, has been removed.
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264
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265 @item
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266 The Kmacro package has been replaced with a simple and elegant
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267 keyboard macro system. Use @kbd{C-x (} to start a new keyboard macro,
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268 @kbd{C-x )} to end the macro, and @kbd{C-x e} to execute the last
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269 macro. Use @kbd{M-x name-last-kbd-macro} to name the most recently
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270 defined macro.
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271
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272 @item
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273 Emacs no longer displays your breakpoints in the source buffer, so you
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274 have to remember where you left them. It can be difficult to inspect
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275 the state of your debugged program from the command line, so Emacs
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276 tries to demonstrate this in the GUD buffer.
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277
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278 @item
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279 The Calc, CUA, Ibuffer, Ido, Password, Printing, Reveal,
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280 Ruler-mode, SES, Table, Tramp, and URL packages have been removed.
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281 The Benchmark, Cfengine, Conf, Dns, Flymake, Python, Thumbs, and
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282 Wdired modes have also been removed.
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283
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284 @item
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285 The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual and the Introduction to Programming in
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286 Emacs Lisp are now distributed separately, not in the Emacs
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287 distribution.
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288
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289 @item
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290 On MS Windows, there is no longer any support for tooltips, images,
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291 sound, different mouse pointer shapes, or pointing devices with more
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292 than 3 buttons. If you want these features, consider switching to
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293 another operating system. But even if you don't want these features,
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294 you should still switch---for freedom's sake.
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295
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296 @item
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297 Emacs will not use Unicode for clipboard operations on MS Windows.
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298
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299 @item
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300 To keep up with decreasing computer memory capacity and disk space, many
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301 other functions and files have been eliminated in Emacs 21.4.
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302 @end itemize
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303
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304 @ignore
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305 arch-tag: 32932bd9-46f5-41b2-8a0e-fb0cc4caeb29
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306 @end ignore
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