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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1985,86,87,93,94,95,1997,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
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4 @node Glossary, Key Index, Intro, Top
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5 @unnumbered Glossary
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6
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7 @table @asis
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8 @item Abbrev
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9 An abbrev is a text string which expands into a different text string
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10 when present in the buffer. For example, you might define a few letters
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11 as an abbrev for a long phrase that you want to insert frequently.
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12 @xref{Abbrevs}.
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13
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14 @item Aborting
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15 Aborting means getting out of a recursive edit (q.v.@:). The
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16 commands @kbd{C-]} and @kbd{M-x top-level} are used for this.
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17 @xref{Quitting}.
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18
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19 @item Alt
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20 Alt is the name of a modifier bit which a keyboard input character may
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21 have. To make a character Alt, type it while holding down the @key{ALT}
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22 key. Such characters are given names that start with @kbd{Alt-}
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23 (usually written @kbd{A-} for short). (Note that many terminals have a
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24 key labeled @key{ALT} which is really a @key{META} key.) @xref{User
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25 Input, Alt}.
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26
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27 @item Argument
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28 See `numeric argument.'
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29
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30 @item ASCII character
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31 An ASCII character is either an ASCII control character or an ASCII
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32 printing character. @xref{User Input}.
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33
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34 @item ASCII control character
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35 An ASCII control character is the Control version of an upper-case
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36 letter, or the Control version of one of the characters @samp{@@[\]^_?}.
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37
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38 @item ASCII printing character
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39 ASCII printing characters include letters, digits, space, and these
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40 punctuation characters: @samp{!@@#$%^& *()_-+=|\~` @{@}[]:;"' <>,.?/}.
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41
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42 @item Auto Fill Mode
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43 Auto Fill mode is a minor mode in which text that you insert is
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44 automatically broken into lines of a given maximum width.
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45 @xref{Filling}.
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46
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47 @item Auto Saving
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48 Auto saving is the practice of saving the contents of an Emacs buffer in
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49 a specially-named file, so that the information will not be lost if the
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50 buffer is lost due to a system error or user error. @xref{Auto Save}.
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51
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52 @item Autoloading
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53 Emacs automatically loads Lisp libraries when a Lisp program requests a
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54 function or a variable from those libraries. This is called
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55 `autoloading'. @xref{Lisp Libraries}.
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56
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57 @item Backtrace
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58 A backtrace is a trace of a series of function calls showing how a
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59 program arrived to a certain point. It is used mainly for finding and
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60 correcting bugs (q.v.@:). Emacs can display a backtrace when it signals
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61 an error or when you type @kbd{C-g} (see `quitting'). @xref{Checklist}.
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62
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63 @item Backup File
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64 A backup file records the contents that a file had before the current
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65 editing session. Emacs makes backup files automatically to help you
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66 track down or cancel changes you later regret making. @xref{Backup}.
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67
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68 @item Balance Parentheses
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69 Emacs can balance parentheses (or other matching delimiters) either
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70 manually or automatically. You do manual balancing with the commands
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71 to move over parenthetical groupings (@pxref{Moving by Parens}).
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72 Automatic balancing works by blinking or highlighting the delimiter
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73 that matches the one you just inserted (@pxref{Matching,,Matching
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74 Parens}).
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75
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76 @item Balanced Expressions
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77 A balanced expression is a syntactically recognizable expression, such
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78 as a symbol, number, string constant, block, or parenthesized expression
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79 in C. @xref{Expressions,Balanced Expressions}.
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80
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81 @item Balloon Help
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82 See `tooltips.'
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83
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84 @item Base Buffer
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85 A base buffer is a buffer whose text is shared by an indirect buffer
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86 (q.v.@:).
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87
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88 @item Bind
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89 To bind a key sequence means to give it a binding (q.v.@:).
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90 @xref{Rebinding}.
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91
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92 @item Binding
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93 A key sequence gets its meaning in Emacs by having a binding, which is a
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94 command (q.v.@:), a Lisp function that is run when the user types that
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95 sequence. @xref{Commands,Binding}. Customization often involves
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96 rebinding a character to a different command function. The bindings of
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97 all key sequences are recorded in the keymaps (q.v.@:). @xref{Keymaps}.
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98
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99 @item Blank Lines
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100 Blank lines are lines that contain only whitespace. Emacs has several
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101 commands for operating on the blank lines in the buffer.
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102
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103 @item Bookmark
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104 Bookmarks are akin to registers (q.v.@:) in that they record positions
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105 in buffers to which you can return later. Unlike registers, bookmarks
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106 persist between Emacs sessions.
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107
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108 @item Border
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109 A border is a thin space along the edge of the frame, used just for
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110 spacing, not for displaying anything. An Emacs frame has an ordinary
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111 external border, outside of everything including the menu bar, plus an
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112 internal border that surrounds the text windows and their scroll bars
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113 and separates them from the menu bar and tool bar. You can customize
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114 both borders with options and resources (@pxref{Borders X}). Borders
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115 are not the same as fringes (q.v.@:).
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116
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117 @item Buffer
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118 The buffer is the basic editing unit; one buffer corresponds to one text
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119 being edited. You can have several buffers, but at any time you are
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120 editing only one, the `current buffer,' though several can be visible
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121 when you are using multiple windows (q.v.@:). Most buffers are visiting
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122 (q.v.@:) some file. @xref{Buffers}.
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123
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124 @item Buffer Selection History
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125 Emacs keeps a buffer selection history which records how recently each
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126 Emacs buffer has been selected. This is used for choosing a buffer to
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127 select. @xref{Buffers}.
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128
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129 @item Bug
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130 A bug is an incorrect or unreasonable behavior of a program, or
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131 inaccurate or confusing documentation. Emacs developers treat bug
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132 reports, both in Emacs code and its documentation, very seriously and
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133 ask you to report any bugs you find. @xref{Bugs}.
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134
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135 @item Button Down Event
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136 A button down event is the kind of input event generated right away when
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137 you press down on a mouse button. @xref{Mouse Buttons}.
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138
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139 @item By Default
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140 See `default.'
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141
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142 @item @kbd{C-}
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143 @kbd{C-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for Control.
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144 @xref{User Input,C-}.
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145
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146 @item @kbd{C-M-}
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147 @kbd{C-M-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for
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148 Control-Meta. @xref{User Input,C-M-}.
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149
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150 @item Case Conversion
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151 Case conversion means changing text from upper case to lower case or
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152 vice versa. @xref{Case}, for the commands for case conversion.
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153
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154 @item Character
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155 Characters form the contents of an Emacs buffer; see @ref{Text
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156 Characters}. Also, key sequences (q.v.@:) are usually made up of
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157 characters (though they may include other input events as well).
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158 @xref{User Input}.
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159
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160 @item Character Set
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161 Emacs supports a number of character sets, each of which represents a
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162 particular alphabet or script. @xref{International}.
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163
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164 @item Character Terminal
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165 See `text-only terminal.'
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166
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167 @item Click Event
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168 A click event is the kind of input event generated when you press a
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169 mouse button and release it without moving the mouse. @xref{Mouse Buttons}.
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170
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171 @item Clipboard
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172 A clipboard is a buffer provided by the window system for transferring
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173 text between applications. On the X Window system, the clipboard is
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174 provided in addition to the primary selection (q.v.@:); on MS-Windows,
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175 the clipboard is used @emph{instead} of the primary selection.
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176 @xref{Clipboard}.
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177
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178 @item Coding System
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179 A coding system is an encoding for representing text characters in a
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180 file or in a stream of information. Emacs has the ability to convert
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181 text to or from a variety of coding systems when reading or writing it.
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182 @xref{Coding Systems}.
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183
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184 @item Command
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185 A command is a Lisp function specially defined to be able to serve as a
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186 key binding in Emacs. When you type a key sequence (q.v.@:), its
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187 binding (q.v.@:) is looked up in the relevant keymaps (q.v.@:) to find
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188 the command to run. @xref{Commands}.
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189
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190 @item Command History
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191 See `minibuffer history.'
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192
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193 @item Command Name
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194 A command name is the name of a Lisp symbol which is a command
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195 (@pxref{Commands}). You can invoke any command by its name using
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196 @kbd{M-x} (@pxref{M-x,M-x,Running Commands by Name}).
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197
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198 @item Comment
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199 A comment is text in a program which is intended only for humans reading
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200 the program, and which is marked specially so that it will be ignored
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201 when the program is loaded or compiled. Emacs offers special commands
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202 for creating, aligning and killing comments. @xref{Comments}.
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203
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204 @item Common Lisp
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205 Common Lisp is a dialect of Lisp (q.v.@:) much larger and more powerful
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206 than Emacs Lisp. Emacs provides a subset of Common Lisp in the CL
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207 package. @xref{Top, Common Lisp, Overview, cl, Common Lisp Extensions}.
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208
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209 @item Compilation
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210 Compilation is the process of creating an executable program from source
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211 code. Emacs has commands for compiling files of Emacs Lisp code
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212 (@pxref{Byte Compilation,,, elisp, the Emacs Lisp
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213 Reference Manual}) and programs in C and other languages
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214 (@pxref{Compilation}).
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215
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216 @item Complete Key
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217 A complete key is a key sequence which fully specifies one action to be
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218 performed by Emacs. For example, @kbd{X} and @kbd{C-f} and @kbd{C-x m}
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219 are complete keys. Complete keys derive their meanings from being bound
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220 (q.v.@:) to commands (q.v.@:). Thus, @kbd{X} is conventionally bound to
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221 a command to insert @samp{X} in the buffer; @kbd{C-x m} is
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222 conventionally bound to a command to begin composing a mail message.
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223 @xref{Keys}.
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224
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225 @item Completion
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226 Completion is what Emacs does when it automatically fills out an
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227 abbreviation for a name into the entire name. Completion is done for
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228 minibuffer (q.v.@:) arguments when the set of possible valid inputs
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229 is known; for example, on command names, buffer names, and
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230 file names. Completion occurs when @key{TAB}, @key{SPC} or @key{RET}
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231 is typed. @xref{Completion}.@refill
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232
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233 @item Continuation Line
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234 When a line of text is longer than the width of the window, it
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235 takes up more than one screen line when displayed. We say that the
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236 text line is continued, and all screen lines used for it after the
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237 first are called continuation lines. @xref{Basic,Continuation,Basic
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238 Editing}. A related Emacs feature is `filling' (q.v.@:).
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239
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240 @item Control Character
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241 A control character is a character that you type by holding down the
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242 @key{CTRL} key. Some control characters also have their own keys, so
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243 that you can type them without using @key{CTRL}. For example,
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244 @key{RET}, @key{TAB}, @key{ESC} and @key{DEL} are all control
|
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245 characters. @xref{User Input}.
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246
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247 @item Copyleft
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248 A copyleft is a notice giving the public legal permission to
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249 redistribute a program or other work of art. Copyright is normally used
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250 to keep users divided and helpless; with copyleft we turn that around
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251 to empower users and encourage them to cooperate.
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252
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253 The particular form of copyleft used by the GNU project is called the
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254 GNU General Public License. @xref{Copying}.
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255
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256 @item @key{CTRL}
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257 The @key{CTLR} or ``control'' key is what you hold down
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258 in order to enter a control character (q.v.).
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259
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260 @item Current Buffer
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261 The current buffer in Emacs is the Emacs buffer on which most editing
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262 commands operate. You can select any Emacs buffer as the current one.
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263 @xref{Buffers}.
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264
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265 @item Current Line
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266 The current line is a line point is on (@pxref{Point}).
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267
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268 @item Current Paragraph
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269 The current paragraph is the paragraph that point is in. If point is
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270 between two paragraphs, the current paragraph is the one that follows
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271 point. @xref{Paragraphs}.
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272
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273 @item Current Defun
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274 The current defun is the defun (q.v.@:) that point is in. If point is
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275 between defuns, the current defun is the one that follows point.
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276 @xref{Defuns}.
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277
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278 @item Cursor
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279 The cursor is the rectangle on the screen which indicates the position
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280 called point (q.v.@:) at which insertion and deletion takes place.
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281 The cursor is on or under the character that follows point. Often
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282 people speak of `the cursor' when, strictly speaking, they mean
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283 `point.' @xref{Basic,Cursor,Basic Editing}.
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284
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285 @item Customization
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286 Customization is making minor changes in the way Emacs works. It is
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287 often done by setting variables (@pxref{Variables}) or by rebinding
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288 key sequences (@pxref{Keymaps}).
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289
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290 @cindex cut and paste
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291 @item Cut and Paste
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292 See `killing' and `yanking.'
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293
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294 @item Default Argument
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295 The default for an argument is the value that will be assumed if you
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296 do not specify one. When the minibuffer is used to read an argument,
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297 the default argument is used if you just type @key{RET}.
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298 @xref{Minibuffer}.
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299
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300 @item Default
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301 A default is the value that is used for a certain purpose if and when
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302 you do not specify a value to use.
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303
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304 @item Default Directory
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305 When you specify a file name that does not start with @samp{/} or @samp{~},
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306 it is interpreted relative to the current buffer's default directory.
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307 (On MS-Windows and MS-DOS, file names which start with a drive letter
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308 @samp{@var{x}:} are treated as absolute, not relative.)
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309 @xref{Minibuffer File,Default Directory}.
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310
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311 @item Defun
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312 A defun is a major definition at the top level in a program. The name
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313 `defun' comes from Lisp, where most such definitions use the construct
|
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314 @code{defun}. @xref{Defuns}.
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315
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316 @item @key{DEL}
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317 @key{DEL} is a character that runs the command to delete one character
|
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318 of text before the cursor. It is typically either the @key{DELETE}
|
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319 key or the @key{BACKSPACE} key, whichever one is easy to type.
|
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320 @xref{Basic,DEL,Basic Editing}.
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321
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|
322 @item Deletion
|
|
|
323 Deletion means erasing text without copying it into the kill ring
|
|
|
324 (q.v.@:). The alternative is killing (q.v.@:). @xref{Killing,Deletion}.
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325
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|
|
326 @item Deletion of Files
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327 Deleting a file means erasing it from the file system.
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328 @xref{Misc File Ops,Misc File Ops,Miscellaneous File Operations}.
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329
|
|
|
330 @item Deletion of Messages
|
|
|
331 Deleting a message means flagging it to be eliminated from your mail
|
|
|
332 file. Until you expunge (q.v.@:) the Rmail file, you can still undelete
|
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333 the messages you have deleted. @xref{Rmail Deletion}.
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334
|
|
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335 @item Deletion of Windows
|
|
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336 Deleting a window means eliminating it from the screen. Other windows
|
|
|
337 expand to use up the space. The deleted window can never come back,
|
|
|
338 but no actual text is thereby lost. @xref{Windows}.
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339
|
|
|
340 @item Directory
|
|
|
341 File directories are named collections in the file system, within which
|
|
|
342 you can place individual files or subdirectories. @xref{Directories}.
|
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343
|
|
|
344 @item Dired
|
|
|
345 Dired is the Emacs facility that displays the contents of a file
|
|
|
346 directory and allows you to ``edit the directory,'' performing
|
|
|
347 operations on the files in the directory. @xref{Dired}.
|
|
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348
|
|
|
349 @item Disabled Command
|
|
|
350 A disabled command is one that you may not run without special
|
|
|
351 confirmation. The usual reason for disabling a command is that it is
|
|
|
352 confusing for beginning users. @xref{Disabling}.
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353
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|
354 @item Down Event
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355 Short for `button down event' (q.v.@:).
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356
|
|
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357 @item Drag Event
|
|
|
358 A drag event is the kind of input event generated when you press a mouse
|
|
|
359 button, move the mouse, and then release the button. @xref{Mouse
|
|
|
360 Buttons}.
|
|
|
361
|
|
|
362 @item Dribble File
|
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363 A dribble file is a file into which Emacs writes all the characters that
|
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364 the user types on the keyboard. Dribble files are used to make a record
|
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|
365 for debugging Emacs bugs. Emacs does not make a dribble file unless you
|
|
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366 tell it to. @xref{Bugs}.
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|
|
367
|
|
|
368 @item Echo Area
|
|
|
369 The echo area is the bottom line of the screen, used for echoing the
|
|
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370 arguments to commands, for asking questions, and showing brief messages
|
|
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371 (including error messages). The messages are stored in the buffer
|
|
|
372 @samp{*Messages*} so you can review them later. @xref{Echo Area}.
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|
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373
|
|
|
374 @item Echoing
|
|
|
375 Echoing is acknowledging the receipt of commands by displaying them (in
|
|
|
376 the echo area). Emacs never echoes single-character key sequences;
|
|
|
377 longer key sequences echo only if you pause while typing them.
|
|
|
378
|
|
|
379 @item Electric
|
|
|
380 We say that a character is electric if it is normally self-inserting
|
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|
381 (q.v.@:), but the current major mode (q.v.@:) redefines it to do something
|
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382 else as well. For example, some programming language major modes define
|
|
|
383 particular delimiter characters to reindent the line or insert one or
|
|
|
384 more newlines in addition to self-insertion.
|
|
|
385
|
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|
386 @item End Of Line
|
|
38745
|
387 End of line is a character or a sequence of characters that indicate
|
|
|
388 the end of a text line. On GNU and Unix systems, this is a newline
|
|
|
389 (q.v.@:), but other systems have other conventions. @xref{Coding
|
|
|
390 Systems,end-of-line}. Emacs can recognize several end-of-line
|
|
|
391 conventions in files and convert between them.
|
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|
392
|
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|
393 @item Environment Variable
|
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|
394 An environment variable is one of a collection of variables stored by
|
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|
395 the operating system, each one having a name and a value. Emacs can
|
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|
396 access environment variables set by its parent shell, and it can set
|
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|
397 variables in the environment it passes to programs it invokes.
|
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|
398 @xref{Environment}.
|
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|
399
|
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|
400 @item EOL
|
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|
401 See `end of line.'
|
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|
402
|
|
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403 @item Error
|
|
|
404 An error occurs when an Emacs command cannot execute in the current
|
|
|
405 circumstances. When an error occurs, execution of the command stops
|
|
|
406 (unless the command has been programmed to do otherwise) and Emacs
|
|
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407 reports the error by displaying an error message (q.v.@:). Type-ahead
|
|
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|
408 is discarded. Then Emacs is ready to read another editing command.
|
|
|
409
|
|
|
410 @item Error Message
|
|
|
411 An error message is a single line of output displayed by Emacs when the
|
|
|
412 user asks for something impossible to do (such as, killing text
|
|
|
413 forward when point is at the end of the buffer). They appear in the
|
|
|
414 echo area, accompanied by a beep.
|
|
|
415
|
|
|
416 @item @key{ESC}
|
|
|
417 @key{ESC} is a character used as a prefix for typing Meta characters on
|
|
|
418 keyboards lacking a @key{META} key. Unlike the @key{META} key (which,
|
|
|
419 like the @key{SHIFT} key, is held down while another character is
|
|
|
420 typed), you press the @key{ESC} key as you would press a letter key, and
|
|
|
421 it applies to the next character you type.
|
|
|
422
|
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423 @item Expression
|
|
|
424 See `balanced expression.'
|
|
|
425
|
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426 @item Expunging
|
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|
427 Expunging an Rmail file or Dired buffer or a Gnus newsgroup buffer is an
|
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|
428 operation that truly discards the messages or files you have previously
|
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|
429 flagged for deletion.
|
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|
430
|
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|
431 @item Face
|
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432 A face is a style of displaying characters. It specifies attributes
|
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|
433 such as font family and size, foreground and background colors,
|
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|
434 underline and strike-through, background stipple, etc. Emacs provides
|
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|
435 features to associate specific faces with portions of buffer text, in
|
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|
436 order to display that text as specified by the face attributes.
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437
|
|
|
438 @item File Locking
|
|
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|
439 Emacs uses file locking to notice when two different users
|
|
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440 start to edit one file at the same time. @xref{Interlocking}.
|
|
|
441
|
|
|
442 @item File Name
|
|
|
443 A file name is a name that refers to a file. File names may be relative
|
|
|
444 or absolute; the meaning of a relative file name depends on the current
|
|
|
445 directory, but an absolute file name refers to the same file regardless
|
|
|
446 of which directory is current. On GNU and Unix systems, an absolute
|
|
|
447 file name starts with a slash (the root directory) or with @samp{~/} or
|
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448 @samp{~@var{user}/} (a home directory). On MS-Windows/MS-DOS, and
|
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|
449 absolute file name can also start with a drive letter and a colon
|
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|
450 @samp{@var{d}:}.
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451
|
|
|
452 Some people use the term ``pathname'' for file names, but we do not;
|
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|
453 we use the word ``path'' only in the term ``search path'' (q.v.@:).
|
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454
|
|
|
455 @item File-Name Component
|
|
|
456 A file-name component names a file directly within a particular
|
|
|
457 directory. On GNU and Unix systems, a file name is a sequence of
|
|
|
458 file-name components, separated by slashes. For example, @file{foo/bar}
|
|
|
459 is a file name containing two components, @samp{foo} and @samp{bar}; it
|
|
|
460 refers to the file named @samp{bar} in the directory named @samp{foo} in
|
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|
461 the current directory. MS-DOS/MS-Windows file names can also use
|
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|
462 backslashes to separate components, as in @file{foo\bar}.
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463
|
|
|
464 @item Fill Prefix
|
|
|
465 The fill prefix is a string that should be expected at the beginning
|
|
|
466 of each line when filling is done. It is not regarded as part of the
|
|
|
467 text to be filled. @xref{Filling}.
|
|
|
468
|
|
|
469 @item Filling
|
|
|
470 Filling text means shifting text between consecutive lines so that all
|
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471 the lines are approximately the same length. @xref{Filling}. Some
|
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472 other editors call this feature `line wrapping.'
|
3919e7300eea
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
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|
473
|
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
474 @item Font Lock
|
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
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|
475 Font Lock is a mode that highlights parts of buffer text according to
|
3919e7300eea
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
476 its syntax. @xref{Font Lock}.
|
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
477
|
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diff
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|
478 @item Fontset
|
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diff
changeset
|
479 A fontset is a named collection of fonts. A fontset specification lists
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
480 character sets and which font to use to display each of them. Fontsets
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
481 make it easy to change several fonts at once by specifying the name of a
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
482 fontset, rather than changing each font separately. @xref{Fontsets}.
|
|
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|
483
|
|
|
484 @item Formatted Text
|
|
|
485 Formatted text is text that displays with formatting information while
|
|
|
486 you edit. Formatting information includes fonts, colors, and specified
|
|
|
487 margins. @xref{Formatted Text}.
|
|
|
488
|
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diff
changeset
|
489 @item Formfeed Character
|
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diff
changeset
|
490 See `page.'
|
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|
491
|
|
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|
492 @item Frame
|
|
|
493 A frame is a rectangular cluster of Emacs windows. Emacs starts out
|
|
|
494 with one frame, but you can create more. You can subdivide each frame
|
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
495 into Emacs windows (q.v.@:). When you are using a windowing system, all
|
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(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
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|
496 the frames can be visible at the same time. @xref{Frames}. Some
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
497 other editors use the term ``window'' for this, but in Emacs a window
|
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(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
498 means something else.
|
3919e7300eea
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
499
|
3919e7300eea
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
500 @item Fringe
|
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
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|
501 On windowed displays, there's a narrow portion of the frame (q.v.@:)
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
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|
502 between the text area and the window's border. Emacs displays the
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
503 fringe using a special face (q.v.@:) called @code{fringe}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
504 @xref{Faces,fringe}.
|
3919e7300eea
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
505
|
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
506 @item FTP
|
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diff
changeset
|
507 FTP is an acronym for File Transfer Protocol. Emacs uses an FTP client
|
3919e7300eea
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
508 program to provide access to remote files (q.v.@:).
|
|
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|
509
|
|
|
510 @item Function Key
|
|
|
511 A function key is a key on the keyboard that sends input but does not
|
|
|
512 correspond to any character. @xref{Function Keys}.
|
|
|
513
|
|
|
514 @item Global
|
|
36184
|
515 Global means ``independent of the current environment; in effect
|
|
|
516 throughout Emacs.'' It is the opposite of local (q.v.@:). Particular
|
|
25829
|
517 examples of the use of `global' appear below.
|
|
|
518
|
|
|
519 @item Global Abbrev
|
|
|
520 A global definition of an abbrev (q.v.@:) is effective in all major
|
|
|
521 modes that do not have local (q.v.@:) definitions for the same abbrev.
|
|
|
522 @xref{Abbrevs}.
|
|
|
523
|
|
|
524 @item Global Keymap
|
|
|
525 The global keymap (q.v.@:) contains key bindings that are in effect
|
|
|
526 except when overridden by local key bindings in a major mode's local
|
|
|
527 keymap (q.v.@:). @xref{Keymaps}.
|
|
|
528
|
|
|
529 @item Global Mark Ring
|
36839
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
530 The global mark ring records the series of buffers you have recently
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
531 set a mark (q.v.@:) in. In many cases you can use this to backtrack
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
532 through buffers you have been editing in, or in which you have found
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
533 tags (see `tags table'). @xref{Global Mark Ring}.
|
|
25829
|
534
|
|
|
535 @item Global Substitution
|
|
|
536 Global substitution means replacing each occurrence of one string by
|
|
38461
|
537 another string throughout a large amount of text. @xref{Replace}.
|
|
25829
|
538
|
|
|
539 @item Global Variable
|
|
|
540 The global value of a variable (q.v.@:) takes effect in all buffers
|
|
|
541 that do not have their own local (q.v.@:) values for the variable.
|
|
|
542 @xref{Variables}.
|
|
|
543
|
|
|
544 @item Graphic Character
|
|
|
545 Graphic characters are those assigned pictorial images rather than
|
|
|
546 just names. All the non-Meta (q.v.@:) characters except for the
|
|
|
547 Control (q.v.@:) characters are graphic characters. These include
|
|
|
548 letters, digits, punctuation, and spaces; they do not include
|
|
|
549 @key{RET} or @key{ESC}. In Emacs, typing a graphic character inserts
|
|
|
550 that character (in ordinary editing modes). @xref{Basic,,Basic Editing}.
|
|
|
551
|
|
|
552 @item Highlighting
|
|
|
553 Highlighting text means displaying it with a different foreground and/or
|
|
|
554 background color to make it stand out from the rest of the text in the
|
|
|
555 buffer.
|
|
|
556
|
|
40589
|
557 Emacs uses highlighting in several ways. When you mark a region with
|
|
|
558 the mouse, the region is always highlighted. Optionally Emacs can
|
|
40615
|
559 also highlight the region whenever it is active (@pxref{Transient
|
|
|
560 Mark}). Incremental search also highlights matches (@pxref{Incremental
|
|
|
561 Search}). See also `font lock'.
|
|
40589
|
562
|
|
25829
|
563 @item Hardcopy
|
|
|
564 Hardcopy means printed output. Emacs has commands for making printed
|
|
|
565 listings of text in Emacs buffers. @xref{Hardcopy}.
|
|
|
566
|
|
|
567 @item @key{HELP}
|
|
|
568 @key{HELP} is the Emacs name for @kbd{C-h} or @key{F1}. You can type
|
|
|
569 @key{HELP} at any time to ask what options you have, or to ask what any
|
|
|
570 command does. @xref{Help}.
|
|
|
571
|
36839
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(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
572 @item Help Echo
|
|
38870
|
573 Help echo is a short message displayed in the echo area when the mouse
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
574 pointer is located on portions of display that require some
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
575 explanations. Emacs displays help echo for menu items, parts of the
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
576 mode line, tool-bar buttons, etc. On graphics displays, the messages
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
577 can be displayed as tooltips (q.v.@:). @xref{Tooltips}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
578
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
579 @item Hook
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
580 A hook is a list of functions to be called on specific occasions, such
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
581 as saving a buffer in a file, major mode activation, etc. By
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
582 customizing the various hooks, you can modify Emacs's behavior without
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
583 changing any of its code. @xref{Hooks}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
584
|
|
25829
|
585 @item Hyper
|
|
|
586 Hyper is the name of a modifier bit which a keyboard input character may
|
|
|
587 have. To make a character Hyper, type it while holding down the
|
|
|
588 @key{HYPER} key. Such characters are given names that start with
|
|
|
589 @kbd{Hyper-} (usually written @kbd{H-} for short). @xref{User Input,
|
|
|
590 Hyper}.
|
|
|
591
|
|
|
592 @item Inbox
|
|
|
593 An inbox is a file in which mail is delivered by the operating system.
|
|
|
594 Rmail transfers mail from inboxes to Rmail files (q.v.@:) in which the
|
|
|
595 mail is then stored permanently or until explicitly deleted.
|
|
|
596 @xref{Rmail Inbox}.
|
|
|
597
|
36839
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(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
598 @item Incremental Search
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
599 Emacs provides an incremental search facility, whereby Emacs searches
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
600 for the string as you type it. @xref{Incremental Search}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
601
|
|
25829
|
602 @item Indentation
|
|
|
603 Indentation means blank space at the beginning of a line. Most
|
|
|
604 programming languages have conventions for using indentation to
|
|
|
605 illuminate the structure of the program, and Emacs has special
|
|
|
606 commands to adjust indentation.
|
|
|
607 @xref{Indentation}.
|
|
|
608
|
|
|
609 @item Indirect Buffer
|
|
|
610 An indirect buffer is a buffer that shares the text of another buffer,
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
611 called its base buffer (q.v.@:). @xref{Indirect Buffers}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
612
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
613 @item Info
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
614 Info is the hypertext format used by the GNU project for writing
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
615 documentation.
|
|
25829
|
616
|
|
|
617 @item Input Event
|
|
|
618 An input event represents, within Emacs, one action taken by the user on
|
|
|
619 the terminal. Input events include typing characters, typing function
|
|
|
620 keys, pressing or releasing mouse buttons, and switching between Emacs
|
|
|
621 frames. @xref{User Input}.
|
|
|
622
|
|
|
623 @item Input Method
|
|
|
624 An input method is a system for entering non-ASCII text characters by
|
|
|
625 typing sequences of ASCII characters (q.v.@:). @xref{Input Methods}.
|
|
|
626
|
|
|
627 @item Insertion
|
|
|
628 Insertion means copying text into the buffer, either from the keyboard
|
|
|
629 or from some other place in Emacs.
|
|
|
630
|
|
|
631 @item Interlocking
|
|
|
632 Interlocking is a feature for warning when you start to alter a file
|
|
37845
|
633 that someone else is already editing.
|
|
|
634 @xref{Interlocking,Interlocking,Simultaneous Editing}.
|
|
25829
|
635
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
636 @item Isearch
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
637 See `incremental search.'
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
638
|
|
25829
|
639 @item Justification
|
|
38461
|
640 Justification means adding extra spaces within lines of text to make
|
|
38490
|
641 them extend exactly to a specified width.
|
|
38461
|
642 @xref{Filling,Justification}.
|
|
25829
|
643
|
|
|
644 @item Keyboard Macro
|
|
|
645 Keyboard macros are a way of defining new Emacs commands from
|
|
|
646 sequences of existing ones, with no need to write a Lisp program.
|
|
|
647 @xref{Keyboard Macros}.
|
|
|
648
|
|
37712
|
649 @cindex keyboard shortcuts
|
|
|
650 @item Keyboard Shortcut
|
|
|
651 A keyboard shortcut is a key sequence (q.v.@:) which invokes a
|
|
|
652 command. What other programs call ``assign a keyboard shortcut''
|
|
|
653 Emacs calls ``bind a key sequence''. See `binding.'
|
|
|
654
|
|
25829
|
655 @item Key Sequence
|
|
|
656 A key sequence (key, for short) is a sequence of input events (q.v.@:)
|
|
|
657 that are meaningful as a single unit. If the key sequence is enough to
|
|
|
658 specify one action, it is a complete key (q.v.@:); if it is not enough,
|
|
|
659 it is a prefix key (q.v.@:). @xref{Keys}.
|
|
|
660
|
|
|
661 @item Keymap
|
|
|
662 The keymap is the data structure that records the bindings (q.v.@:) of
|
|
|
663 key sequences to the commands that they run. For example, the global
|
|
|
664 keymap binds the character @kbd{C-n} to the command function
|
|
|
665 @code{next-line}. @xref{Keymaps}.
|
|
|
666
|
|
|
667 @item Keyboard Translation Table
|
|
|
668 The keyboard translation table is an array that translates the character
|
|
|
669 codes that come from the terminal into the character codes that make up
|
|
|
670 key sequences. @xref{Keyboard Translations}.
|
|
|
671
|
|
|
672 @item Kill Ring
|
|
|
673 The kill ring is where all text you have killed recently is saved.
|
|
|
674 You can reinsert any of the killed text still in the ring; this is
|
|
|
675 called yanking (q.v.@:). @xref{Yanking}.
|
|
|
676
|
|
|
677 @item Killing
|
|
|
678 Killing means erasing text and saving it on the kill ring so it can be
|
|
|
679 yanked (q.v.@:) later. Some other systems call this ``cutting.''
|
|
38461
|
680 Most Emacs commands that erase text perform killing, as opposed to
|
|
|
681 deletion (q.v.@:). @xref{Killing}.
|
|
25829
|
682
|
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diff
changeset
|
683 @item Killing a Job
|
|
25829
|
684 Killing a job (such as, an invocation of Emacs) means making it cease
|
|
|
685 to exist. Any data within it, if not saved in a file, is lost.
|
|
|
686 @xref{Exiting}.
|
|
|
687
|
|
|
688 @item Language Environment
|
|
|
689 Your choice of language environment specifies defaults for the input
|
|
|
690 method (q.v.@:) and coding system (q.v.@:). @xref{Language
|
|
|
691 Environments}. These defaults are relevant if you edit non-ASCII text
|
|
|
692 (@pxref{International}).
|
|
|
693
|
36839
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(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
694 @item Line Wrapping
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
695 See `filling.'
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
696
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
697 @item Lisp
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
698 Lisp is a programming language. Most of Emacs is written in a dialect
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
699 of Lisp, called Emacs Lisp, that is extended with special features which
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
700 make it especially suitable for text editing tasks.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
701
|
|
25829
|
702 @item List
|
|
|
703 A list is, approximately, a text string beginning with an open
|
|
|
704 parenthesis and ending with the matching close parenthesis. In C mode
|
|
|
705 and other non-Lisp modes, groupings surrounded by other kinds of matched
|
|
|
706 delimiters appropriate to the language, such as braces, are also
|
|
|
707 considered lists. Emacs has special commands for many operations on
|
|
38209
|
708 lists. @xref{Moving by Parens}.
|
|
25829
|
709
|
|
|
710 @item Local
|
|
36184
|
711 Local means ``in effect only in a particular context''; the relevant
|
|
25829
|
712 kind of context is a particular function execution, a particular
|
|
|
713 buffer, or a particular major mode. It is the opposite of `global'
|
|
|
714 (q.v.@:). Specific uses of `local' in Emacs terminology appear below.
|
|
|
715
|
|
|
716 @item Local Abbrev
|
|
|
717 A local abbrev definition is effective only if a particular major mode
|
|
|
718 is selected. In that major mode, it overrides any global definition
|
|
|
719 for the same abbrev. @xref{Abbrevs}.
|
|
|
720
|
|
|
721 @item Local Keymap
|
|
|
722 A local keymap is used in a particular major mode; the key bindings
|
|
|
723 (q.v.@:) in the current local keymap override global bindings of the
|
|
|
724 same key sequences. @xref{Keymaps}.
|
|
|
725
|
|
|
726 @item Local Variable
|
|
|
727 A local value of a variable (q.v.@:) applies to only one buffer.
|
|
|
728 @xref{Locals}.
|
|
|
729
|
|
|
730 @item @kbd{M-}
|
|
|
731 @kbd{M-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for @key{META},
|
|
|
732 one of the modifier keys that can accompany any character.
|
|
|
733 @xref{User Input}.
|
|
|
734
|
|
|
735 @item @kbd{M-C-}
|
|
|
736 @kbd{M-C-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for
|
|
|
737 Control-Meta; it means the same thing as @kbd{C-M-}. If your
|
|
|
738 terminal lacks a real @key{META} key, you type a Control-Meta character by
|
|
|
739 typing @key{ESC} and then typing the corresponding Control character.
|
|
|
740 @xref{User Input,C-M-}.
|
|
|
741
|
|
|
742 @item @kbd{M-x}
|
|
|
743 @kbd{M-x} is the key sequence which is used to call an Emacs command by
|
|
|
744 name. This is how you run commands that are not bound to key sequences.
|
|
37845
|
745 @xref{M-x,M-x,Running Commands by Name}.
|
|
25829
|
746
|
|
|
747 @item Mail
|
|
|
748 Mail means messages sent from one user to another through the computer
|
|
|
749 system, to be read at the recipient's convenience. Emacs has commands for
|
|
|
750 composing and sending mail, and for reading and editing the mail you have
|
|
|
751 received. @xref{Sending Mail}. @xref{Rmail}, for how to read mail.
|
|
|
752
|
|
|
753 @item Mail Composition Method
|
|
|
754 A mail composition method is a program runnable within Emacs for editing
|
|
|
755 and sending a mail message. Emacs lets you select from several
|
|
|
756 alternative mail composition methods. @xref{Mail Methods}.
|
|
|
757
|
|
|
758 @item Major Mode
|
|
|
759 The Emacs major modes are a mutually exclusive set of options, each of
|
|
|
760 which configures Emacs for editing a certain sort of text. Ideally,
|
|
|
761 each programming language has its own major mode. @xref{Major Modes}.
|
|
|
762
|
|
|
763 @item Mark
|
|
|
764 The mark points to a position in the text. It specifies one end of the
|
|
|
765 region (q.v.@:), point being the other end. Many commands operate on
|
|
|
766 all the text from point to the mark. Each buffer has its own mark.
|
|
|
767 @xref{Mark}.
|
|
|
768
|
|
|
769 @item Mark Ring
|
|
|
770 The mark ring is used to hold several recent previous locations of the
|
|
|
771 mark, just in case you want to move back to them. Each buffer has its
|
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(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
772 own mark ring; in addition, there is a single global mark ring (q.v.@:).
|
|
25829
|
773 @xref{Mark Ring}.
|
|
|
774
|
|
|
775 @item Menu Bar
|
|
|
776 The menu bar is the line at the top of an Emacs frame. It contains
|
|
33746
|
777 words you can click on with the mouse to bring up menus, or you can use
|
|
|
778 a keyboard interface to navigate it. @xref{Menu Bars}.
|
|
25829
|
779
|
|
|
780 @item Message
|
|
36184
|
781 See `mail.'
|
|
25829
|
782
|
|
|
783 @item Meta
|
|
40732
|
784 Meta is the name of a modifier bit which you can use in a command
|
|
40763
|
785 character. To enter a meta character, you hold down the @key{META}
|
|
|
786 key while typing the character. We refer to such characters with
|
|
|
787 names that start with @kbd{Meta-} (usually written @kbd{M-} for
|
|
40732
|
788 short). For example, @kbd{M-<} is typed by holding down @key{META}
|
|
|
789 and at the same time typing @kbd{<} (which itself is done, on most
|
|
|
790 terminals, by holding down @key{SHIFT} and typing @kbd{,}).
|
|
|
791 @xref{User Input,Meta}.
|
|
25829
|
792
|
|
40763
|
793 On some terminals, the @key{META} key is actually labeled @key{ALT}
|
|
|
794 or @key{EDIT}.
|
|
|
795
|
|
25829
|
796 @item Meta Character
|
|
|
797 A Meta character is one whose character code includes the Meta bit.
|
|
|
798
|
|
|
799 @item Minibuffer
|
|
|
800 The minibuffer is the window that appears when necessary inside the
|
|
|
801 echo area (q.v.@:), used for reading arguments to commands.
|
|
|
802 @xref{Minibuffer}.
|
|
|
803
|
|
|
804 @item Minibuffer History
|
|
|
805 The minibuffer history records the text you have specified in the past
|
|
|
806 for minibuffer arguments, so you can conveniently use the same text
|
|
|
807 again. @xref{Minibuffer History}.
|
|
|
808
|
|
|
809 @item Minor Mode
|
|
|
810 A minor mode is an optional feature of Emacs which can be switched on
|
|
|
811 or off independently of all other features. Each minor mode has a
|
|
|
812 command to turn it on or off. @xref{Minor Modes}.
|
|
|
813
|
|
|
814 @item Minor Mode Keymap
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
815 A minor mode keymap is a keymap that belongs to a minor mode and is
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
816 active when that mode is enabled. Minor mode keymaps take precedence
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
817 over the buffer's local keymap, just as the local keymap takes
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
818 precedence over the global keymap. @xref{Keymaps}.
|
|
25829
|
819
|
|
|
820 @item Mode Line
|
|
|
821 The mode line is the line at the bottom of each window (q.v.@:), giving
|
|
|
822 status information on the buffer displayed in that window. @xref{Mode
|
|
|
823 Line}.
|
|
|
824
|
|
|
825 @item Modified Buffer
|
|
|
826 A buffer (q.v.@:) is modified if its text has been changed since the
|
|
|
827 last time the buffer was saved (or since when it was created, if it
|
|
|
828 has never been saved). @xref{Saving}.
|
|
|
829
|
|
|
830 @item Moving Text
|
|
|
831 Moving text means erasing it from one place and inserting it in
|
|
|
832 another. The usual way to move text by killing (q.v.@:) and then
|
|
|
833 yanking (q.v.@:). @xref{Killing}.
|
|
|
834
|
|
|
835 @item MULE
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
836 MULE refers to the Emacs features for editing multilingual non-ASCII text
|
|
25829
|
837 using multibyte characters (q.v.@:). @xref{International}.
|
|
|
838
|
|
|
839 @item Multibyte Character
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
840 A multibyte character is a character that takes up several bytes in a
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
841 buffer. Emacs uses multibyte characters to represent non-ASCII text,
|
|
25829
|
842 since the number of non-ASCII characters is much more than 256.
|
|
37845
|
843 @xref{International Chars, International Characters}.
|
|
25829
|
844
|
|
|
845 @item Named Mark
|
|
|
846 A named mark is a register (q.v.@:) in its role of recording a
|
|
|
847 location in text so that you can move point to that location.
|
|
|
848 @xref{Registers}.
|
|
|
849
|
|
|
850 @item Narrowing
|
|
|
851 Narrowing means creating a restriction (q.v.@:) that limits editing in
|
|
|
852 the current buffer to only a part of the text in the buffer. Text
|
|
|
853 outside that part is inaccessible to the user until the boundaries are
|
|
|
854 widened again, but it is still there, and saving the file saves it
|
|
|
855 all. @xref{Narrowing}.
|
|
|
856
|
|
|
857 @item Newline
|
|
|
858 Control-J characters in the buffer terminate lines of text and are
|
|
|
859 therefore also called newlines. @xref{Text Characters,Newline}.
|
|
|
860
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
861 @cindex nil
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
862 @cindex t
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
863 @item @code{nil}
|
|
36849
|
864 @code{nil} is a value usually interpreted as a logical ``false.'' Its
|
|
|
865 opposite is @code{t}, interpreted as ``true.''
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
866
|
|
25829
|
867 @item Numeric Argument
|
|
|
868 A numeric argument is a number, specified before a command, to change
|
|
|
869 the effect of the command. Often the numeric argument serves as a
|
|
|
870 repeat count. @xref{Arguments}.
|
|
|
871
|
|
|
872 @item Overwrite Mode
|
|
|
873 Overwrite mode is a minor mode. When it is enabled, ordinary text
|
|
|
874 characters replace the existing text after point rather than pushing
|
|
|
875 it to the right. @xref{Minor Modes}.
|
|
|
876
|
|
|
877 @item Page
|
|
|
878 A page is a unit of text, delimited by formfeed characters (ASCII
|
|
|
879 control-L, code 014) coming at the beginning of a line. Some Emacs
|
|
|
880 commands are provided for moving over and operating on pages.
|
|
|
881 @xref{Pages}.
|
|
|
882
|
|
|
883 @item Paragraph
|
|
36158
|
884 Paragraphs are the medium-size unit of human-language text. There are
|
|
25829
|
885 special Emacs commands for moving over and operating on paragraphs.
|
|
|
886 @xref{Paragraphs}.
|
|
|
887
|
|
|
888 @item Parsing
|
|
|
889 We say that certain Emacs commands parse words or expressions in the
|
|
|
890 text being edited. Really, all they know how to do is find the other
|
|
|
891 end of a word or expression. @xref{Syntax}.
|
|
|
892
|
|
|
893 @item Point
|
|
|
894 Point is the place in the buffer at which insertion and deletion
|
|
|
895 occur. Point is considered to be between two characters, not at one
|
|
|
896 character. The terminal's cursor (q.v.@:) indicates the location of
|
|
37845
|
897 point. @xref{Basic,Point,Basic Editing}.
|
|
49600
|
898
|
|
25829
|
899 @item Prefix Argument
|
|
36184
|
900 See `numeric argument.'
|
|
25829
|
901
|
|
|
902 @item Prefix Key
|
|
|
903 A prefix key is a key sequence (q.v.@:) whose sole function is to
|
|
|
904 introduce a set of longer key sequences. @kbd{C-x} is an example of
|
|
|
905 prefix key; any two-character sequence starting with @kbd{C-x} is
|
|
|
906 therefore a legitimate key sequence. @xref{Keys}.
|
|
|
907
|
|
|
908 @item Primary Rmail File
|
|
|
909 Your primary Rmail file is the file named @samp{RMAIL} in your home
|
|
|
910 directory. That's where Rmail stores your incoming mail, unless you
|
|
|
911 specify a different file name. @xref{Rmail}.
|
|
|
912
|
|
|
913 @item Primary Selection
|
|
|
914 The primary selection is one particular X selection (q.v.@:); it is the
|
|
|
915 selection that most X applications use for transferring text to and from
|
|
|
916 other applications.
|
|
|
917
|
|
|
918 The Emacs kill commands set the primary selection and the yank command
|
|
|
919 uses the primary selection when appropriate. @xref{Killing}.
|
|
|
920
|
|
|
921 @item Prompt
|
|
38870
|
922 A prompt is text used to ask the user for input. Displaying a prompt
|
|
25829
|
923 is called prompting. Emacs prompts always appear in the echo area
|
|
|
924 (q.v.@:). One kind of prompting happens when the minibuffer is used to
|
|
|
925 read an argument (@pxref{Minibuffer}); the echoing which happens when
|
|
|
926 you pause in the middle of typing a multi-character key sequence is also
|
|
|
927 a kind of prompting (@pxref{Echo Area}).
|
|
|
928
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
929 @item Query-Replace
|
|
36849
|
930 Query-replace is an interactive string replacement feature provided by
|
|
|
931 Emacs. @xref{Query Replace}.
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
932
|
|
25829
|
933 @item Quitting
|
|
|
934 Quitting means canceling a partially typed command or a running
|
|
|
935 command, using @kbd{C-g} (or @kbd{C-@key{BREAK}} on MS-DOS). @xref{Quitting}.
|
|
|
936
|
|
|
937 @item Quoting
|
|
|
938 Quoting means depriving a character of its usual special significance.
|
|
|
939 The most common kind of quoting in Emacs is with @kbd{C-q}. What
|
|
|
940 constitutes special significance depends on the context and on
|
|
|
941 convention. For example, an ``ordinary'' character as an Emacs command
|
|
|
942 inserts itself; so in this context, a special character is any character
|
|
|
943 that does not normally insert itself (such as @key{DEL}, for example),
|
|
|
944 and quoting it makes it insert itself as if it were not special. Not
|
|
|
945 all contexts allow quoting. @xref{Basic,Quoting,Basic Editing}.
|
|
|
946
|
|
|
947 @item Quoting File Names
|
|
|
948 Quoting a file name turns off the special significance of constructs
|
|
|
949 such as @samp{$}, @samp{~} and @samp{:}. @xref{Quoted File Names}.
|
|
|
950
|
|
|
951 @item Read-Only Buffer
|
|
|
952 A read-only buffer is one whose text you are not allowed to change.
|
|
|
953 Normally Emacs makes buffers read-only when they contain text which
|
|
|
954 has a special significance to Emacs; for example, Dired buffers.
|
|
|
955 Visiting a file that is write-protected also makes a read-only buffer.
|
|
|
956 @xref{Buffers}.
|
|
|
957
|
|
|
958 @item Rectangle
|
|
|
959 A rectangle consists of the text in a given range of columns on a given
|
|
|
960 range of lines. Normally you specify a rectangle by putting point at
|
|
38461
|
961 one corner and putting the mark at the diagonally opposite corner.
|
|
25829
|
962 @xref{Rectangles}.
|
|
|
963
|
|
|
964 @item Recursive Editing Level
|
|
|
965 A recursive editing level is a state in which part of the execution of
|
|
|
966 a command involves asking the user to edit some text. This text may
|
|
|
967 or may not be the same as the text to which the command was applied.
|
|
|
968 The mode line indicates recursive editing levels with square brackets
|
|
|
969 (@samp{[} and @samp{]}). @xref{Recursive Edit}.
|
|
|
970
|
|
|
971 @item Redisplay
|
|
|
972 Redisplay is the process of correcting the image on the screen to
|
|
|
973 correspond to changes that have been made in the text being edited.
|
|
|
974 @xref{Screen,Redisplay}.
|
|
|
975
|
|
|
976 @item Regexp
|
|
36184
|
977 See `regular expression.'
|
|
25829
|
978
|
|
|
979 @item Region
|
|
|
980 The region is the text between point (q.v.@:) and the mark (q.v.@:).
|
|
|
981 Many commands operate on the text of the region. @xref{Mark,Region}.
|
|
|
982
|
|
|
983 @item Registers
|
|
|
984 Registers are named slots in which text or buffer positions or
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
985 rectangles can be saved for later use. @xref{Registers}. A related
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
986 Emacs feature is `bookmarks' (q.v.@:).
|
|
25829
|
987
|
|
|
988 @item Regular Expression
|
|
|
989 A regular expression is a pattern that can match various text strings;
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
990 for example, @samp{a[0-9]+} matches @samp{a} followed by one or more
|
|
25829
|
991 digits. @xref{Regexps}.
|
|
|
992
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
993 @item Remote File
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
994 A remote file is a file that is stored on a system other than your own.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
995 Emacs can access files on other computers provided that they are
|
|
38461
|
996 connected to the same network as your machine, and (obviously) that
|
|
|
997 you have a supported method to gain access to those files.
|
|
|
998 @xref{Remote Files}.
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
999
|
|
25829
|
1000 @item Repeat Count
|
|
36184
|
1001 See `numeric argument.'
|
|
25829
|
1002
|
|
|
1003 @item Replacement
|
|
36184
|
1004 See `global substitution.'
|
|
25829
|
1005
|
|
|
1006 @item Restriction
|
|
|
1007 A buffer's restriction is the amount of text, at the beginning or the
|
|
|
1008 end of the buffer, that is temporarily inaccessible. Giving a buffer a
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1009 nonzero amount of restriction is called narrowing (q.v.@:); removing
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1010 a restriction is called widening (q.v.@:). @xref{Narrowing}.
|
|
25829
|
1011
|
|
|
1012 @item @key{RET}
|
|
|
1013 @key{RET} is a character that in Emacs runs the command to insert a
|
|
|
1014 newline into the text. It is also used to terminate most arguments
|
|
|
1015 read in the minibuffer (q.v.@:). @xref{User Input,Return}.
|
|
|
1016
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1017 @item Reverting
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1018 Reverting means returning to the original state. Emacs lets you
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1019 revert a buffer by re-reading its file from disk. @xref{Reverting}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1020
|
|
25829
|
1021 @item Rmail File
|
|
|
1022 An Rmail file is a file containing text in a special format used by
|
|
|
1023 Rmail for storing mail. @xref{Rmail}.
|
|
|
1024
|
|
|
1025 @item Saving
|
|
|
1026 Saving a buffer means copying its text into the file that was visited
|
|
|
1027 (q.v.@:) in that buffer. This is the way text in files actually gets
|
|
|
1028 changed by your Emacs editing. @xref{Saving}.
|
|
|
1029
|
|
|
1030 @item Scroll Bar
|
|
|
1031 A scroll bar is a tall thin hollow box that appears at the side of a
|
|
|
1032 window. You can use mouse commands in the scroll bar to scroll the
|
|
33746
|
1033 window. The scroll bar feature is supported only under windowing
|
|
|
1034 systems. @xref{Scroll Bars}.
|
|
25829
|
1035
|
|
|
1036 @item Scrolling
|
|
|
1037 Scrolling means shifting the text in the Emacs window so as to see a
|
|
|
1038 different part of the buffer. @xref{Display,Scrolling}.
|
|
|
1039
|
|
|
1040 @item Searching
|
|
|
1041 Searching means moving point to the next occurrence of a specified
|
|
|
1042 string or the next match for a specified regular expression.
|
|
|
1043 @xref{Search}.
|
|
|
1044
|
|
|
1045 @item Search Path
|
|
|
1046 A search path is a list of directory names, to be used for searching for
|
|
|
1047 files for certain purposes. For example, the variable @code{load-path}
|
|
|
1048 holds a search path for finding Lisp library files. @xref{Lisp Libraries}.
|
|
|
1049
|
|
|
1050 @item Secondary Selection
|
|
|
1051 The secondary selection is one particular X selection; some X
|
|
|
1052 applications can use it for transferring text to and from other
|
|
|
1053 applications. Emacs has special mouse commands for transferring text
|
|
|
1054 using the secondary selection. @xref{Secondary Selection}.
|
|
|
1055
|
|
|
1056 @item Selecting
|
|
|
1057 Selecting a buffer means making it the current (q.v.@:) buffer.
|
|
|
1058 @xref{Buffers,Selecting}.
|
|
|
1059
|
|
|
1060 @item Selection
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1061 Windowing systems allow an application program to specify
|
|
25829
|
1062 selections whose values are text. A program can also read the
|
|
|
1063 selections that other programs have set up. This is the principal way
|
|
|
1064 of transferring text between window applications. Emacs has commands to
|
|
|
1065 work with the primary (q.v.@:) selection and the secondary (q.v.@:)
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1066 selection, and also with the clipboard (q.v.@:).
|
|
25829
|
1067
|
|
|
1068 @item Self-Documentation
|
|
|
1069 Self-documentation is the feature of Emacs which can tell you what any
|
|
|
1070 command does, or give you a list of all commands related to a topic
|
|
|
1071 you specify. You ask for self-documentation with the help character,
|
|
|
1072 @kbd{C-h}. @xref{Help}.
|
|
|
1073
|
|
|
1074 @item Self-Inserting Character
|
|
|
1075 A character is self-inserting if typing that character inserts that
|
|
|
1076 character in the buffer. Ordinary printing and whitespace characters
|
|
|
1077 are self-inserting in Emacs, except in certain special major modes.
|
|
|
1078
|
|
|
1079 @item Sentences
|
|
|
1080 Emacs has commands for moving by or killing by sentences.
|
|
|
1081 @xref{Sentences}.
|
|
|
1082
|
|
|
1083 @item Sexp
|
|
38209
|
1084 A sexp (short for ``s-expression'') is the basic syntactic unit of
|
|
|
1085 Lisp in its textual form: either a list, or Lisp atom. Sexps are also
|
|
|
1086 the balanced expressions (q.v.@:) of the Lisp language; this is why
|
|
|
1087 the commands for editing balanced expressions have `sexp' in their
|
|
|
1088 name. @xref{Expressions,Sexps}.
|
|
25829
|
1089
|
|
|
1090 @item Simultaneous Editing
|
|
|
1091 Simultaneous editing means two users modifying the same file at once.
|
|
38461
|
1092 Simultaneous editing, if not detected, can cause one user to lose his
|
|
38745
|
1093 or her work. Emacs detects all cases of simultaneous editing, and
|
|
|
1094 warns one of the users to investigate.
|
|
37845
|
1095 @xref{Interlocking,Interlocking,Simultaneous Editing}.
|
|
25829
|
1096
|
|
40732
|
1097 @item @key{SPC}
|
|
|
1098 @key{SPC} is the space character, which you enter by pressing the
|
|
|
1099 space bar.
|
|
|
1100
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1101 @item Speedbar
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1102 Speedbar is a special tall frame that provides fast access to Emacs
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1103 buffers, functions within those buffers, Info nodes, and other
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1104 interesting parts of text within Emacs. @xref{Speedbar}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1105
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1106 @item Spell Checking
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1107 Spell checking means checking correctness of the written form of each
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1108 one of the words in a text. Emacs uses the Ispell spelling-checker
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1109 program to check the spelling of parts of a buffer via a convenient user
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1110 interface. @xref{Spelling}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1111
|
|
25829
|
1112 @item String
|
|
|
1113 A string is a kind of Lisp data object which contains a sequence of
|
|
|
1114 characters. Many Emacs variables are intended to have strings as
|
|
|
1115 values. The Lisp syntax for a string consists of the characters in the
|
|
|
1116 string with a @samp{"} before and another @samp{"} after. A @samp{"}
|
|
|
1117 that is part of the string must be written as @samp{\"} and a @samp{\}
|
|
|
1118 that is part of the string must be written as @samp{\\}. All other
|
|
|
1119 characters, including newline, can be included just by writing them
|
|
|
1120 inside the string; however, backslash sequences as in C, such as
|
|
|
1121 @samp{\n} for newline or @samp{\241} using an octal character code, are
|
|
|
1122 allowed as well.
|
|
|
1123
|
|
|
1124 @item String Substitution
|
|
|
1125 See `global substitution'.
|
|
|
1126
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1127 @item Syntax Highlighting
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1128 See `font lock.'
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1129
|
|
25829
|
1130 @item Syntax Table
|
|
|
1131 The syntax table tells Emacs which characters are part of a word,
|
|
|
1132 which characters balance each other like parentheses, etc.
|
|
|
1133 @xref{Syntax}.
|
|
|
1134
|
|
|
1135 @item Super
|
|
|
1136 Super is the name of a modifier bit which a keyboard input character may
|
|
|
1137 have. To make a character Super, type it while holding down the
|
|
|
1138 @key{SUPER} key. Such characters are given names that start with
|
|
|
1139 @kbd{Super-} (usually written @kbd{s-} for short). @xref{User Input,
|
|
|
1140 Super}.
|
|
|
1141
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1142 @item Suspending
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1143 Suspending Emacs means stopping it temporarily and returning control
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1144 to its parent process, which is usually a shell. Unlike killing a job
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1145 (q.v.@:), you can later resume the suspended Emacs job without losing
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1146 your buffers, unsaved edits, undo history, etc. @xref{Exiting}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1147
|
|
40732
|
1148 @item @key{TAB}
|
|
|
1149 @key{TAB} is the tab character. In Emacs it is typically used for
|
|
|
1150 indentation or completion.
|
|
|
1151
|
|
25829
|
1152 @item Tags Table
|
|
|
1153 A tags table is a file that serves as an index to the function
|
|
|
1154 definitions in one or more other files. @xref{Tags}.
|
|
|
1155
|
|
|
1156 @item Termscript File
|
|
|
1157 A termscript file contains a record of all characters sent by Emacs to
|
|
|
1158 the terminal. It is used for tracking down bugs in Emacs redisplay.
|
|
|
1159 Emacs does not make a termscript file unless you tell it to.
|
|
|
1160 @xref{Bugs}.
|
|
|
1161
|
|
|
1162 @item Text
|
|
38461
|
1163 `Text' has two meanings (@pxref{Text}):
|
|
25829
|
1164
|
|
|
1165 @itemize @bullet
|
|
|
1166 @item
|
|
|
1167 Data consisting of a sequence of characters, as opposed to binary
|
|
37845
|
1168 numbers, executable programs, and the like. The basic contents of an
|
|
|
1169 Emacs buffer (aside from the text properties, q.v.@:) are always text
|
|
|
1170 in this sense.
|
|
25829
|
1171 @item
|
|
|
1172 Data consisting of written human language, as opposed to programs,
|
|
|
1173 or following the stylistic conventions of human language.
|
|
|
1174 @end itemize
|
|
|
1175
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1176 @item Text-only Terminal
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1177 A text-only terminal is a display that is limited to displaying text in
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1178 character units. Such a terminal cannot control individual pixels it
|
|
36849
|
1179 displays. Emacs supports a subset of display features on text-only
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1180 terminals.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1181
|
|
37845
|
1182 @item Text Properties
|
|
|
1183 Text properties are annotations recorded for particular characters in
|
|
|
1184 the buffer. Images in the buffer are recorded as text properties;
|
|
|
1185 they also specify formatting information. @xref{Editing Format Info}.
|
|
|
1186
|
|
36158
|
1187 @item Tool Bar
|
|
|
1188 The tool bar is a line (sometimes multiple lines) of icons at the top
|
|
|
1189 of an Emacs frame. Clicking on one of these icons executes a command.
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1190 You can think of this as a graphical relative of the menu bar (q.v.@:).
|
|
36210
|
1191 @xref{Tool Bars}.
|
|
36158
|
1192
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1193 @item Tooltips
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1194 Tooltips are small windows displaying a help echo (q.v.@:) text that
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1195 explains parts of the display, lists useful options available via mouse
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1196 clicks, etc. @xref{Tooltips}.
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1197
|
|
25829
|
1198 @item Top Level
|
|
|
1199 Top level is the normal state of Emacs, in which you are editing the
|
|
|
1200 text of the file you have visited. You are at top level whenever you
|
|
|
1201 are not in a recursive editing level (q.v.@:) or the minibuffer
|
|
|
1202 (q.v.@:), and not in the middle of a command. You can get back to top
|
|
|
1203 level by aborting (q.v.@:) and quitting (q.v.@:). @xref{Quitting}.
|
|
|
1204
|
|
|
1205 @item Transposition
|
|
|
1206 Transposing two units of text means putting each one into the place
|
|
|
1207 formerly occupied by the other. There are Emacs commands to transpose
|
|
38209
|
1208 two adjacent characters, words, balanced expressions (q.v.@:) or lines
|
|
25829
|
1209 (@pxref{Transpose}).
|
|
|
1210
|
|
|
1211 @item Truncation
|
|
|
1212 Truncating text lines in the display means leaving out any text on a
|
|
|
1213 line that does not fit within the right margin of the window
|
|
36184
|
1214 displaying it. See also `continuation line.'
|
|
25829
|
1215 @xref{Basic,Truncation,Basic Editing}.
|
|
|
1216
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1217 @item TTY
|
|
36849
|
1218 See `text-only terminal.'
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1219
|
|
25829
|
1220 @item Undoing
|
|
|
1221 Undoing means making your previous editing go in reverse, bringing
|
|
|
1222 back the text that existed earlier in the editing session.
|
|
|
1223 @xref{Undo}.
|
|
|
1224
|
|
|
1225 @item User Option
|
|
|
1226 A user option is a variable (q.v.@:) that exists so that you can customize
|
|
|
1227 Emacs by setting it to a new value. @xref{Variables}.
|
|
|
1228
|
|
|
1229 @item Variable
|
|
|
1230 A variable is an object in Lisp that can store an arbitrary value.
|
|
|
1231 Emacs uses some variables for internal purposes, and has others (known
|
|
|
1232 as `user options' (q.v.@:)) just so that you can set their values to
|
|
|
1233 control the behavior of Emacs. The variables used in Emacs that you
|
|
|
1234 are likely to be interested in are listed in the Variables Index in
|
|
37845
|
1235 this manual (@pxref{Variable Index}). @xref{Variables}, for
|
|
|
1236 information on variables.
|
|
25829
|
1237
|
|
|
1238 @item Version Control
|
|
|
1239 Version control systems keep track of multiple versions of a source file.
|
|
|
1240 They provide a more powerful alternative to keeping backup files (q.v.@:).
|
|
|
1241 @xref{Version Control}.
|
|
|
1242
|
|
|
1243 @item Visiting
|
|
|
1244 Visiting a file means loading its contents into a buffer (q.v.@:)
|
|
|
1245 where they can be edited. @xref{Visiting}.
|
|
|
1246
|
|
|
1247 @item Whitespace
|
|
|
1248 Whitespace is any run of consecutive formatting characters (space,
|
|
|
1249 tab, newline, and backspace).
|
|
|
1250
|
|
|
1251 @item Widening
|
|
|
1252 Widening is removing any restriction (q.v.@:) on the current buffer;
|
|
|
1253 it is the opposite of narrowing (q.v.@:). @xref{Narrowing}.
|
|
|
1254
|
|
|
1255 @item Window
|
|
|
1256 Emacs divides a frame (q.v.@:) into one or more windows, each of which
|
|
|
1257 can display the contents of one buffer (q.v.@:) at any time.
|
|
|
1258 @xref{Screen}, for basic information on how Emacs uses the screen.
|
36839
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1259 @xref{Windows}, for commands to control the use of windows. Some
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1260 other editors use the term ``window'' for what we call a `frame'
|
3919e7300eea
(Glossary): Updated for Emacs 21, with comments from Richard Stallman.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
diff
changeset
|
1261 (q.v.@:) in Emacs.
|
|
25829
|
1262
|
|
|
1263 @item Word Abbrev
|
|
36184
|
1264 See `abbrev.'
|
|
25829
|
1265
|
|
|
1266 @item Word Search
|
|
|
1267 Word search is searching for a sequence of words, considering the
|
|
|
1268 punctuation between them as insignificant. @xref{Word Search}.
|
|
|
1269
|
|
|
1270 @item WYSIWYG
|
|
36184
|
1271 WYSIWYG stands for ``What you see is what you get.'' Emacs generally
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|
25829
|
1272 provides WYSIWYG editing for files of characters; in Enriched mode
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|
|
1273 (@pxref{Formatted Text}), it provides WYSIWYG editing for files that
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|
|
1274 include text formatting information.
|
|
|
1275
|
|
|
1276 @item Yanking
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|
|
1277 Yanking means reinserting text previously killed. It can be used to
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|
|
1278 undo a mistaken kill, or for copying or moving text. Some other
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|
|
1279 systems call this ``pasting.'' @xref{Yanking}.
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|
1280 @end table
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1281
|
