Mercurial > emacs
annotate doc/emacs/sending.texi @ 112419:a651b7492a78
* lisp/emacs-lisp/checkdoc.el (checkdoc-this-string-valid-engine):
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author | Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> |
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date | Fri, 21 Jan 2011 13:12:32 -0500 |
parents | 376148b31b5e |
children | ef719132ddfa |
rev | line source |
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84267 | 1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001, 2002, | |
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3 @c 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 |
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4 @c Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
84267 | 5 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
6 @node Sending Mail | |
7 @chapter Sending Mail | |
8 @cindex sending mail | |
9 @cindex mail | |
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10 @cindex email |
84267 | 11 @cindex message |
12 | |
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13 @kindex C-x m |
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14 @findex compose-mail |
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15 To send an @dfn{e-mail} message in Emacs, type @kbd{C-x m}. This |
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16 selects and initializes a buffer named @samp{*mail*}, where you can |
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17 edit the text and headers of the message. Finally, type @kbd{C-c C-s} |
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18 or @kbd{C-c C-c} to send the message. |
84267 | 19 |
20 @table @kbd | |
21 @item C-x m | |
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22 Begin composing mail (@code{compose-mail}). |
84267 | 23 @item C-x 4 m |
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24 Likewise, in another window (@code{compose-mail-other-window}). |
84267 | 25 @item C-x 5 m |
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26 Likewise, but in a new frame (@code{compose-mail-other-frame}). |
84267 | 27 @item C-c C-s |
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28 In the mail buffer, send the message (@code{message-send}). |
84267 | 29 @item C-c C-c |
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30 In the mail buffer, send the message and bury the buffer |
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31 (@code{message-send-and-exit}). |
84267 | 32 @end table |
33 | |
34 @kindex C-x 4 m | |
35 @findex compose-mail-other-window | |
36 @kindex C-x 5 m | |
37 @findex compose-mail-other-frame | |
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38 @noindent |
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39 The command @kbd{C-x 4 m} (@code{compose-mail-other-window}) does the |
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40 same as @kbd{C-x m}, except it displays the mail buffer in a different |
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41 window. The command @kbd{C-x 5 m} (@code{compose-mail-other-frame}) |
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42 creates a new frame for the mail buffer. |
84267 | 43 |
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44 Because the mail buffer is an ordinary Emacs buffer, you can switch |
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45 to other buffers while in the middle of composing mail, and switch |
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46 back later (or never). If you type @kbd{C-x m} again when you have |
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47 been composing another message but have not sent it, Emacs asks for |
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48 confirmation before erasing the old message. If you answer @kbd{n}, |
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49 Emacs selects the mail buffer with its old contents, so you can finish |
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50 the old message and send it. @kbd{C-u C-x m} is another way to do |
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51 this. Sending the message marks the mail buffer ``unmodified,'' which |
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52 avoids the need for confirmation when @kbd{C-x m} is next used. |
84267 | 53 |
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54 If you want to send another message before finishing the current |
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55 message, use the command @kbd{M-x rename-uniquely} to rename the |
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56 current mail buffer (@pxref{Misc Buffer}). Then you can use @kbd{C-x |
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57 m} to make a new mail buffer, and work with each mail buffer |
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58 independently. |
84267 | 59 |
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60 Before using Emacs to send mail, you may need to customize the |
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61 variable @code{send-mail-function} if your system is not set up to |
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62 deliver mail directly via SMTP (@pxref{Mail Sending}). In addition, |
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63 you may need to customize @code{user-mail-address} if the system |
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64 cannot receive mail via SMTP (@pxref{Mail Headers}). |
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65 |
84267 | 66 @menu |
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67 * Format: Mail Format. Format of a mail message. |
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68 * Headers: Mail Headers. Details of some standard mail header fields. |
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69 * Aliases: Mail Aliases. Abbreviating and grouping mail addresses. |
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70 * Commands: Mail Commands. Special commands for editing mail being composed. |
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71 * Signature: Mail Signature. Adding a signature to every message. |
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72 * Amuse: Mail Amusements. Distracting the NSA; adding fortune messages. |
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73 * Methods: Mail Methods. Using alternative mail-composition methods. |
84267 | 74 @end menu |
75 | |
76 @node Mail Format | |
77 @section The Format of the Mail Buffer | |
78 | |
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79 An email message must contain certain pieces of information, called |
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80 @dfn{headers}, which specify the message's sender, recipient(s), and |
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81 so on. |
84267 | 82 |
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83 At the top of the mail buffer is a set of @dfn{header fields}, where |
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84 you can enter this information. You can insert and edit header fields |
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85 using ordinary editing commands. @xref{Header Editing}, for commands |
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86 specific to editing header fields. |
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87 |
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88 Some header fields are automatically pre-initialized in the buffer, |
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89 when appropriate; other headers, such as @samp{Date} and |
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90 @samp{Message-Id}, are normally omitted from the mail buffer and |
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91 created automatically when the message is sent. |
84267 | 92 |
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93 @vindex mail-header-separator |
84267 | 94 The line in the buffer that says |
95 | |
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96 @smallexample |
84267 | 97 --text follows this line-- |
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98 @end smallexample |
84267 | 99 |
100 @noindent | |
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101 separates the header fields from the @dfn{body} (or @dfn{text}) of the |
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102 message. Everything above this line is treated as part of the |
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103 headers; everything below it is treated as the body. The delimiter |
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104 line itself does not appear in the message actually sent. The text |
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105 used for the delimiter line is controlled by the variable |
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106 @code{mail-header-separator}. |
84267 | 107 |
108 Here is an example of what the headers and text in the mail buffer | |
109 might look like. | |
110 | |
111 @example | |
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112 To: gnu@@example.org |
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113 CC: lungfish@@example.com, byob@@example.net |
84267 | 114 Subject: The Emacs Manual |
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115 --text follows this line-- |
84267 | 116 Please ignore this message. |
117 @end example | |
118 | |
119 @node Mail Headers | |
120 @section Mail Header Fields | |
121 @cindex headers (of mail message) | |
122 | |
123 A header field in the mail buffer starts with a field name at the | |
124 beginning of a line, terminated by a colon. Upper and lower case are | |
125 equivalent in field names (and in mailing addresses also). After the | |
126 colon and optional whitespace comes the contents of the field. | |
127 | |
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128 You can use any name you like for a header field, but normally |
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129 people use only standard field names with accepted meanings. Here is |
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130 a table of commonly-used fields. Emacs pre-initializes some of these, |
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131 depending on various options you can set. You can delete or alter any |
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132 header field before you send the message, if you wish. |
84267 | 133 |
134 @table @samp | |
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135 @item From |
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136 @vindex user-mail-address |
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137 The address of the sender (you). This should be a valid mailing |
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138 address, as replies will normally go there. Emacs initializes this |
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139 field using the variables @code{user-full-name} and |
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140 @code{user-mail-address}; see below. |
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141 |
84267 | 142 @item To |
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143 The mailing address(es) to which the message is addressed. To list |
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144 more than one address, use commas (not spaces) to separate them. |
84267 | 145 |
146 @item Subject | |
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147 A piece of text saying what the message is about. Most mail-reading |
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148 programs can display a summary of messages, listing the subject of |
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149 each message but not its text. |
84267 | 150 |
151 @item CC | |
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152 Additional mailing address(es) to send the message to. This is like |
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153 @samp{To}, except that these readers should not regard the message as |
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154 directed at them. |
84267 | 155 |
156 @item BCC | |
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157 Additional mailing address(es) to send the message to, which should |
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158 not appear in the header of the message actually sent. ``BCC'' stands |
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159 for @dfn{blind carbon copies}. |
84267 | 160 |
161 @item FCC | |
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162 The name of one file, to which a copy of the sent message should be |
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163 appended. Emacs writes the message in mbox format, unless the file is |
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164 in Babyl format (used by Rmail before Emacs 23), in which case Emacs |
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165 writes Babyl. If an Rmail buffer is visiting the file, Emacs updates |
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166 it accordingly. To specify more than one file, use several @samp{FCC} |
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167 fields, with one file name in each field. |
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169 @item Reply-to | |
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170 An address to which replies should be sent, instead of @samp{From}. |
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171 You can use this header if, for some reason, your @samp{From} address |
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172 is unable to receive replies. |
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173 |
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174 @item Mail-reply-to |
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175 This field takes precedence over @samp{Reply-to}. It is used because |
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176 some mailing lists set the @samp{Reply-to} field for their own purposes |
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177 (a somewhat controversial practice). |
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178 |
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179 @item Mail-followup-to |
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180 This field contains one or more addresses. It is typically used when |
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181 you reply to a message from a mailing list that you are subscribed to. |
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182 It usually indicates that you want replies to go to the list, and that |
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183 you do not need an extra copy sent directly to you. |
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184 |
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185 @c Message mode handles this differently... |
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186 @c @vindex mail-mailing-lists |
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187 @c The variable @code{mail-mailing-lists} holds a list of mailing list |
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188 @c addresses that you are subscribed to. If it is non-@code{nil}, Emacs |
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189 @c inserts an appropriate @samp{Mail-followup-to} header when sending mail |
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190 @c to a mailing list. |
84267 | 191 |
192 @item In-reply-to | |
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193 A piece of text describing the message you are replying to. Some mail |
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194 systems can use this information to correlate related pieces of mail. |
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195 Normally, you never need to think about this, because it is filled in |
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196 automatically when you reply to a message in Rmail (or any other mail |
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197 program built into Emacs). |
84267 | 198 |
199 @item References | |
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200 The Message-Ids of previous related messages (a Message-Id is a unique |
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201 identifier generated when a message is sent). Like |
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202 @samp{In-reply-to}, this is normally set up automatically for you. |
84267 | 203 @end table |
204 | |
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205 @noindent |
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206 The @samp{To}, @samp{CC}, and @samp{BCC} fields can appear any number |
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207 of times, and each such header field can contain multiple addresses, |
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208 separated by commas. This way, you can specify any number of places |
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209 to send the message. These fields can also have continuation lines: |
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210 one or more lines starting with whitespace, following the starting |
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211 line of the field, are considered part of the field. Here's an |
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212 example of a @samp{To} field with a continuation line: |
84267 | 213 |
214 @example | |
215 @group | |
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216 To: foo@@example.net, this@@example.net, |
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217 bob@@example.com |
84267 | 218 @end group |
219 @end example | |
220 | |
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221 @vindex user-full-name |
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222 @vindex user-mail-address |
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223 The default contents of the @samp{From} header field are computed |
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224 from the variables @code{user-full-name} and @code{user-mail-address}. |
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225 On some operating systems, Emacs initializes these two variables using |
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226 environment variables (@pxref{General Variables}). If this |
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227 information is unavailable or wrong, you can customize the variables |
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228 yourself (@pxref{Easy Customization}). |
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229 |
84267 | 230 @vindex mail-from-style |
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231 The value of the variable @code{mail-from-style} specifies how to |
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232 format the address in the @samp{From} field: |
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234 @table @asis |
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235 @item @code{nil} |
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236 Use just the address, as in @samp{king@@grassland.com}. |
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237 @item @code{parens} |
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238 Use both address and full name, as in:@* |
84267 | 239 @samp{king@@grassland.com (Elvis Parsley)}. |
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240 @item @code{angles} |
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241 Use both address and full name, as in:@* |
84267 | 242 @samp{Elvis Parsley <king@@grassland.com>}. |
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243 @item any other value |
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244 Use @code{angles} for most addresses. However, if the address must be |
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245 ``quoted'' to remain syntactically-valid under the @code{angles} |
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246 format but not under the @code{parens} format, use @code{parens} |
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247 instead. This is the default. |
84267 | 248 @end table |
249 | |
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250 @c There is also mail-specify-envelope-from and mail-envelope-from, but |
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251 @c these are probably not topics for the Emacs manual. |
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252 |
84267 | 253 @vindex mail-default-headers |
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254 You can direct Emacs to insert certain default headers into the mail |
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255 buffer by setting the variable @code{mail-default-headers} to a |
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256 string. Then @kbd{C-x m} inserts this string into the message |
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257 headers. For example, here is how to add a @samp{Reply-to} and |
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258 @samp{FCC} header to each message: |
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259 |
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260 @smallexample |
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261 (setq mail-default-headers |
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262 "Reply-to: foo@@example.com\nFCC: ~/Mail/sent") |
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263 @end smallexample |
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264 |
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265 @noindent |
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266 If the default header fields are not appropriate for a |
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267 particular message, edit them as necessary before sending the message. |
84267 | 268 |
269 @node Mail Aliases | |
270 @section Mail Aliases | |
271 @cindex mail aliases | |
272 @cindex @file{.mailrc} file | |
273 @cindex mailrc file | |
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274 @vindex mail-personal-alias-file |
84267 | 275 |
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276 You can define @dfn{mail aliases}, which are short mnemonic names |
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277 that stand for mail addresses or groups of mail addresses. By |
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278 default, mail aliases are defined in the file @file{~/.mailrc}. You |
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279 can specify a different file name to use, by setting the variable |
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280 @code{mail-personal-alias-file}. |
84267 | 281 |
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282 To define an alias in @file{.mailrc}, write a line in the following |
84267 | 283 format: |
284 | |
285 @example | |
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286 alias @var{nick} @var{fulladdresses} |
84267 | 287 @end example |
288 | |
289 @noindent | |
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290 This means that @var{nick} should expand into @var{fulladdresses}, |
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291 where @var{fulladdresses} can be either a single address, or multiple |
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292 addresses separated with spaces. For instance, to make @code{maingnu} |
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293 stand for @code{gnu@@gnu.org} plus a local address of your own, put in |
84267 | 294 this line:@refill |
295 | |
296 @example | |
297 alias maingnu gnu@@gnu.org local-gnu | |
298 @end example | |
299 | |
300 @noindent | |
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301 If an address contains a space, quote the whole address with a pair of |
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302 double quotes, like this: |
84267 | 303 |
304 @example | |
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305 alias jsmith "John Q. Smith <none@@example.com>" |
84267 | 306 @end example |
307 | |
308 @noindent | |
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309 Note that you need not include double quotes around individual parts |
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310 of the address, such as the person's full name. Emacs puts them in if |
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311 they are needed. For instance, it inserts the above address as |
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312 @samp{"John Q. Smith" <none@@example.com>}. |
84267 | 313 |
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314 Emacs also recognizes ``include'' commands in @file{.mailrc}. They |
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315 look like this: |
84267 | 316 |
317 @example | |
318 source @var{filename} | |
319 @end example | |
320 | |
321 @noindent | |
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322 The @file{.mailrc} file is not unique to Emacs; many other |
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323 mail-reading programs use it for mail aliases, and it can contain |
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324 various other commands. However, Emacs ignores everything except |
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325 alias definitions and include commands. |
84267 | 326 |
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327 @findex mail-abbrev-insert-alias |
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328 Mail aliases expand as abbrevs---that is to say, as soon as you type |
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329 a word-separator character after an alias (@pxref{Abbrevs}). This |
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330 expansion takes place only within the @samp{To}, @samp{From}, |
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331 @samp{CC}, @samp{BCC}, and @samp{Reply-to} header fields (plus their |
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332 @samp{Resent-} variants); it does not take place in other header |
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333 fields, such as @samp{Subject}. |
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334 |
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335 You can also insert an aliased address directly, using the command |
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336 @kbd{M-x mail-abbrev-insert-alias}. This reads an alias name, with |
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337 completion, and inserts its definition at point. |
84267 | 338 |
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339 @node Mail Commands |
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340 @section Mail Commands |
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341 @cindex Message mode |
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342 @cindex mode, Message |
84267 | 343 |
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344 The default major mode for the @samp{*mail*} buffer is called |
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345 Message mode. It behaves like Text mode in many ways, but provides |
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346 several additional commands on the @kbd{C-c} prefix, which make |
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347 editing a message more convenient. |
84267 | 348 |
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349 In this section, we will describe some of the most commonly-used |
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350 commands available in Message mode. |
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351 @ifnottex |
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352 Message mode also has its own manual, where its features are described |
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353 in greater detail. @xref{Top,,Message, message, Message}. |
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354 @end ifnottex |
84267 | 355 |
356 @menu | |
357 * Mail Sending:: Commands to send the message. | |
358 * Header Editing:: Commands to move to header fields and edit them. | |
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359 * Citing Mail:: Quoting a message you are replying to. |
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360 * Mail Misc:: Attachments, spell checking, etc. |
84267 | 361 @end menu |
362 | |
363 @node Mail Sending | |
364 @subsection Mail Sending | |
365 | |
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366 There are two commands to send a message you have been editing: |
84267 | 367 |
368 @table @kbd | |
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369 @item C-c C-c |
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370 Send the message, and deselect the mail buffer (@code{message-send-and-exit}). |
84267 | 371 @item C-c C-s |
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372 Send the message, and leave the mail buffer selected (@code{message-send}). |
84267 | 373 @end table |
374 | |
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375 @kindex C-c C-s @r{(Message mode)} |
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376 @kindex C-c C-c @r{(Message mode)} |
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377 @findex message-send |
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378 If you want to send a message and be done with it, type @kbd{C-c |
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379 C-c} (@code{mail-send-and-exit}). This sends the message and then |
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380 either deletes the window or switches to another buffer. It also |
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381 ``buries'' the mail buffer, putting it at the lowest priority for |
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382 reselection. This is the usual command for sending a message. |
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383 |
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384 @findex message-send-and-exit |
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385 The command @kbd{C-c C-s} (@code{message-send}) sends the message |
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386 and marks the mail buffer unmodified, but leaves the buffer selected. |
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387 Use this command if you want to modify the message (perhaps with new |
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388 recipients) and send it again. |
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389 |
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390 @vindex message-send-hook |
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391 Sending a message runs the hook @code{message-send-hook}. |
84267 | 392 |
393 In a file-visiting buffer, sending the message does not clear the | |
394 modified flag, because only saving the file should do that. Also, you | |
395 don't get a warning if you try to send the same message twice. | |
396 | |
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397 @vindex sendmail-coding-system |
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398 When you send a message containing non-@acronym{ASCII} characters, |
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399 they need to be encoded with a coding system (@pxref{Coding Systems}). |
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400 Usually the coding system is specified automatically by your chosen |
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401 language environment (@pxref{Language Environments}). You can |
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402 explicitly specify the coding system for outgoing mail by setting the |
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403 variable @code{sendmail-coding-system} (@pxref{Recognize Coding}). If |
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404 the coding system thus determined does not handle the characters in a |
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405 particular message, Emacs asks you to select the coding system to use, |
84267 | 406 showing a list of possible coding systems. |
407 | |
408 @cindex SMTP | |
409 @cindex Feedmail | |
410 @cindex Sendmail | |
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411 @cindex Mailclient |
84267 | 412 @vindex send-mail-function |
413 The variable @code{send-mail-function} controls how the default mail | |
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414 user agent sends mail. Its value should be a function, which can be |
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415 one of the following: |
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416 |
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417 @table @code |
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418 @item sendmail-send-it |
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419 Send mail using the system's default @command{sendmail} (or |
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420 @command{sendmail}-compatible) program. This is the default on Unix |
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421 and GNU, and works provided the system is a valid @dfn{mail host} |
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422 (that is, provided it can deliver mail via SMTP). |
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423 |
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424 @item mailclient-send-it |
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425 Pass the mail buffer on to the system's designated mail client (see |
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426 @file{mailclient.el}). This is the default on Mac OS X and |
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427 MS-Windows. |
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428 |
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429 @item smtpmail-send-it |
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430 Send mail through an external mail host (e.g., your Internet service |
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431 provider's SMTP server). You will need to tell Emacs how to contact |
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432 the SMTP server, by customizing the variables |
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433 @code{smtpmail-smtp-server} and @code{smtpmail-auth-credentials}. |
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434 @xref{Top,,Emacs SMTP Library, smtpmail, Sending mail via SMTP}. |
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435 |
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436 @item feedmail-send-it |
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437 This is similar to @code{sendmail-send-it}, but allows you to queue |
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438 messages for later sending. See the commentary section in the file |
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439 @file{feedmail.el} for more information. |
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440 @end table |
84267 | 441 |
442 @node Header Editing | |
443 @subsection Mail Header Editing | |
444 | |
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445 Message mode provides the following special commands to move to |
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446 particular header fields and to complete addresses in headers. |
84267 | 447 |
448 @table @kbd | |
449 @item C-c C-f C-t | |
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450 Move to the @samp{To} header (@code{message-goto-to}). |
84267 | 451 @item C-c C-f C-s |
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452 Move to the @samp{Subject} header (@code{message-goto-subject}). |
84267 | 453 @item C-c C-f C-c |
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454 Move to the @samp{CC} header (@code{message-goto-cc}). |
84267 | 455 @item C-c C-f C-b |
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456 Move to the @samp{BCC} header (@code{message-goto-bcc}). |
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457 @item C-c C-f C-r |
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458 Move to the @samp{Reply-To} header (@code{message-goto-reply-to}). |
84267 | 459 @item C-c C-f C-f |
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460 Move to the @samp{Mail-Followup-To} header field |
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461 (@code{message-goto-followup-to}). |
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462 @item C-c C-f C-w |
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463 Add a new @samp{FCC} header field, with file-name completion |
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464 (@code{message-goto-fcc}). |
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465 @item C-c C-b |
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466 Move to the start of the message body (@code{message-goto-body}). |
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467 @item @key{TAB} |
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468 Complete a mailing address (@code{message-tab}). |
84267 | 469 @end table |
470 | |
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|
471 @kindex C-c C-f C-t @r{(Message mode)} |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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|
472 @findex message-goto-to |
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|
473 @kindex C-c C-f C-s @r{(Message mode)} |
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changeset
|
474 @findex message-goto-subject |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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|
475 @kindex C-c C-f C-c @r{(Message mode)} |
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changeset
|
476 @findex message-goto-cc |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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|
477 @kindex C-c C-f C-b @r{(Message mode)} |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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changeset
|
478 @findex message-goto-bcc |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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|
479 @kindex C-c C-f C-r @r{(Message mode)} |
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changeset
|
480 @findex goto-reply-to |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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|
481 @kindex C-c C-f C-f @r{(Message mode)} |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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changeset
|
482 @findex goto-followup-to |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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|
483 @kindex C-c C-f C-w @r{(Message mode)} |
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changeset
|
484 @findex message-goto-fcc |
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parents:
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changeset
|
485 The commands to move point to particular header fields are all based |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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changeset
|
486 on the prefix @kbd{C-c C-f} (@samp{C-f} is for ``field''). If the |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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parents:
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changeset
|
487 field in question does not exist, the command creates one (the |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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|
488 exception is @code{mail-fcc}, which creates a new field each time). |
84267 | 489 |
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|
490 @kindex C-c C-b @r{(Message mode)} |
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Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
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changeset
|
491 @findex mail-text |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
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changeset
|
492 The command @kbd{C-c C-b} (@code{message-goto-body}) moves point to |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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parents:
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|
493 just after the header separator line---that is, to the beginning of |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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parents:
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|
494 the body. |
84267 | 495 |
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|
496 @findex message-tab |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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|
497 @kindex TAB @r{(Message mode)} |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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|
498 While editing a header field that contains addresses, such as |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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parents:
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|
499 @samp{To:}, @samp{CC:} and @samp{BCC:}, you can complete an address by |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
500 typing @key{TAB} (@code{message-tab}). This attempts to insert the |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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changeset
|
501 full name corresponding to the address based on a couple of methods, |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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parents:
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changeset
|
502 including EUDC, a library that recognizes a number of directory server |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
503 protocols (@pxref{Top,,EUDC,eudc, The Emacs Unified Directory |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
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changeset
|
504 Client}). Failing that, it attempts to expand the address as a mail |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
505 alias (@pxref{Mail Aliases}). If point is on a header field that does |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
506 not take addresses, or if it is in the message body, then @key{TAB} |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
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|
507 just inserts a tab character. |
84267 | 508 |
509 @node Citing Mail | |
510 @subsection Citing Mail | |
511 @cindex citing mail | |
512 | |
513 @table @kbd | |
514 @item C-c C-y | |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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|
515 Yank the selected message from Rmail (@code{message-yank-original}). |
84267 | 516 @item C-c C-q |
517 Fill each paragraph cited from another message | |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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|
518 (@code{message-fill-yanked-message}). |
84267 | 519 @end table |
520 | |
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Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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|
521 @kindex C-c C-y @r{(Message mode)} |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
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changeset
|
522 @findex message-yank-original |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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parents:
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|
523 @findex message-yank-prefix |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
524 You can use the command @kbd{C-c C-y} (@code{message-yank-original}) |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
525 to @dfn{cite} a message that you are replying to. This inserts the |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
526 text of that message into the mail buffer. This command is active |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
527 only when the mail buffer is invoked from a mail program running in |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
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|
528 Emacs, such as Rmail. |
84267 | 529 |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
530 By default, Emacs inserts the string @samp{>} in front of each line |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
531 of the cited text; this prefix string is specified by the variable |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
532 @code{message-yank-prefix}. If you call @code{message-yank-original} |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
533 with a prefix argument, the citation prefix is not inserted. |
84267 | 534 |
107687
328e54bec8c9
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Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
535 @kindex C-c C-q @r{(Message mode)} |
84267 | 536 @findex mail-fill-yanked-message |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
537 After using @kbd{C-c C-y}, you can type @kbd{C-c C-q} |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
538 (@code{message-fill-yanked-message}) to fill the paragraphs of the |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
539 cited message. One use of @kbd{C-c C-q} fills all such paragraphs, |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
540 each one individually. To fill a single paragraph of the quoted |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
541 message, use @kbd{M-q}. If filling does not automatically handle the |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
542 type of citation prefix you use, try setting the fill prefix |
84267 | 543 explicitly. @xref{Filling}. |
544 | |
102570
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Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
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|
545 @vindex mail-citation-hook |
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(Mail Format): Fix typo. Add index entry for mail-header-separator.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
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|
546 You can customize mail citation through the hook |
e5ee527bf579
(Mail Format): Fix typo. Add index entry for mail-header-separator.
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diff
changeset
|
547 @code{mail-citation-hook}. For example, you can use the Supercite |
e5ee527bf579
(Mail Format): Fix typo. Add index entry for mail-header-separator.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
100974
diff
changeset
|
548 package, which provides more flexible citation |
e5ee527bf579
(Mail Format): Fix typo. Add index entry for mail-header-separator.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
549 (@pxref{Introduction,,,sc, Supercite}). |
e5ee527bf579
(Mail Format): Fix typo. Add index entry for mail-header-separator.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
550 |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
551 @node Mail Misc |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
552 @subsection Mail Miscellany |
84267 | 553 |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
554 @kindex C-c C-a @r{(Message mode)} |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
555 @findex mail-attach-file |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
556 @cindex MIME |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
557 @cindex Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
558 You can @dfn{attach} a file to an outgoing message by typing |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
559 @kbd{C-c C-a} (@code{mml-attach-file}) in the mail buffer. Attaching |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
560 is done using the MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
561 standard. |
84267 | 562 |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
563 The @code{mml-attach-file} command prompts for the name of the file, |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
564 and for the attachment's @dfn{content type}, @dfn{description}, and |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
565 @dfn{disposition}. The content type is normally detected |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
566 automatically; just type @key{RET} to accept the default. The |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
567 description is a single line of text that the recipient will see next |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
568 to the attachment; you may also choose to leave this empty. The |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
569 disposition is either @samp{inline} (the default), which means the |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
570 recipient will see a link to the attachment within the message body, |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
571 or @samp{attachment}, which means the link will be separate from the |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
572 body. |
84267 | 573 |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
574 The actual contents of the attached file are not inserted into the |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
575 mail buffer. Instead, some placeholder text is inserted into the mail |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
576 buffer, like this: |
102570
e5ee527bf579
(Mail Format): Fix typo. Add index entry for mail-header-separator.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
577 |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
578 @smallexample |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
579 <#part type="text/plain" filename="~/foo.txt" disposition=inline> |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
580 <#/part> |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
581 @end smallexample |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
582 |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
583 @noindent |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
584 When you type @kbd{C-c C-c} or @kbd{C-c C-s} to send the message, the |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
585 attached file will be delivered with it. |
84267 | 586 |
587 @findex ispell-message | |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
588 While composing a message, you can do spelling correction on the |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
589 message text by typing @kbd{M-x ispell-message}. If you have yanked |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
590 an incoming message into the outgoing draft, this command skips what |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
591 was yanked, but it checks the text that you yourself inserted (it |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
592 looks for indentation or @code{mail-yank-prefix} to distinguish the |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
593 cited lines from your input). @xref{Spelling}. |
84267 | 594 |
595 @vindex mail-mode-hook | |
596 @vindex mail-setup-hook | |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
597 Turning on Message mode (which @kbd{C-x m} does automatically) runs |
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
598 the normal hooks @code{text-mode-hook} and @code{message-mode-hook}. |
84267 | 599 Initializing a new outgoing message runs the normal hook |
107687
328e54bec8c9
Document Message mode as the default mail mode.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
106815
diff
changeset
|
600 @code{message-setup-hook}; you can use this hook if you want to make |
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601 changes to the appearance of the mail buffer. @xref{Hooks}. |
84267 | 602 |
603 The main difference between these hooks is just when they are | |
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604 invoked. Whenever you type @kbd{C-x m}, @code{message-mode-hook} runs |
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605 as soon as the mail buffer is created. Then the @code{message-setup} |
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606 function inserts the default contents of the buffer. After these |
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607 default contents are inserted, @code{message-setup-hook} runs. |
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608 |
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609 If you use @kbd{C-x m} to continue an existing composition, |
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610 @code{message-mode-hook} runs immediately after switching to the mail |
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611 buffer. If the buffer is unmodified, or if you decide to erase it and |
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612 start again, @code{message-setup-hook} runs after the default contents |
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613 are inserted. |
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614 |
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615 @node Mail Signature |
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616 @section Mail Signature |
84267 | 617 |
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618 @cindex mail signature |
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619 @vindex mail-signature-file |
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620 @vindex mail-signature |
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621 You can add a standard piece of text---your @dfn{mail |
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622 signature}---to the end of every message. This signature may contain |
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623 information such as your telephone number or your physical location. |
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624 The variable @code{mail-signature} determines how Emacs handles the |
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625 mail signature. |
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626 |
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627 The default value of @code{mail-signature} is @code{t}; this means |
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628 to look for your mail signature in the file @file{~/.signature}. If |
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629 this file exists, its contents are automatically inserted into the end |
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630 of the mail buffer. You can change the signature file via the |
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631 variable @code{mail-signature-file}. |
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632 |
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633 If you change @code{mail-signature} to a string, that specifies the |
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634 text of the signature directly. |
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635 |
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636 @kindex C-c C-w @r{(Message mode)} |
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637 @findex message-insert-signature |
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638 If you change @code{mail-signature} to @code{nil}, Emacs will not |
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639 insert your mail signature automatically. You can insert your mail |
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640 signature by typing @kbd{C-c C-w} (@code{message-insert-signature}) in |
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641 the mail buffer. Emacs will look for your signature in the signature |
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642 file. |
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643 |
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644 By convention, a mail signature should be marked by a line whose |
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645 contents are @samp{-- }. If your signature lacks this prefix, it is |
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646 added for you. The remainder of your signature should be no more than |
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647 four lines. |
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648 |
84267 | 649 @node Mail Amusements |
650 @section Mail Amusements | |
651 | |
652 @findex spook | |
653 @cindex NSA | |
654 @kbd{M-x spook} adds a line of randomly chosen keywords to an outgoing | |
655 mail message. The keywords are chosen from a list of words that suggest | |
656 you are discussing something subversive. | |
657 | |
658 The idea behind this feature is the suspicion that the | |
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659 NSA@footnote{The US National Security Agency.} and other intelligence |
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660 agencies snoop on all electronic mail messages that contain keywords |
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661 suggesting they might find them interesting. (The agencies say that |
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662 they don't, but that's what they @emph{would} say.) The idea is that if |
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663 lots of people add suspicious words to their messages, the agencies will |
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664 get so busy with spurious input that they will have to give up reading |
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665 it all. Whether or not this is true, it at least amuses some people. |
84267 | 666 |
667 @findex fortune-to-signature | |
668 @cindex fortune cookies | |
669 You can use the @code{fortune} program to put a ``fortune cookie'' | |
670 message into outgoing mail. To do this, add | |
671 @code{fortune-to-signature} to @code{mail-setup-hook}: | |
672 | |
673 @example | |
674 (add-hook 'mail-setup-hook 'fortune-to-signature) | |
675 @end example | |
676 | |
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677 @noindent |
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678 You will probably need to set the variable @code{fortune-file} before |
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679 using this. |
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680 |
84267 | 681 @node Mail Methods |
682 @section Mail-Composition Methods | |
683 @cindex mail-composition methods | |
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684 @cindex Mail mode |
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685 @cindex mode, Mail |
84267 | 686 |
687 @cindex MH mail interface | |
688 @cindex Message mode for sending mail | |
689 In this chapter we have described the usual Emacs mode for editing | |
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690 and sending mail---Message mode. This is only one of several |
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691 available modes. Prior to Emacs 23.2, the default mode was Mail mode, |
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692 which is similar to Message mode in many respects but lacks features |
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693 such as MIME support. Another available mode is MH-E |
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694 (@pxref{Top,,MH-E,mh-e, The Emacs Interface to MH}). |
84267 | 695 |
696 @vindex mail-user-agent | |
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697 You can choose any of these @dfn{mail user agents} as your preferred |
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698 method for editing and sending mail. The commands @code{C-x m}, |
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699 @code{C-x 4 m} and @code{C-x 5 m} use whichever agent you have |
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700 specified; so do various other parts of Emacs that send mail, such as |
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701 the bug reporter (@pxref{Bugs}). To specify a mail user agent, |
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702 customize the variable @code{mail-user-agent}. Currently, legitimate |
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703 values include @code{message-user-agent} (Message mode) |
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704 @code{sendmail-user-agent} (Mail mode), @code{gnus-user-agent}, and |
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705 @code{mh-e-user-agent}. |
84267 | 706 |
707 If you select a different mail-composition method, the information | |
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708 in this chapter about the mail buffer and Message mode does not apply; |
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709 the other methods use a different format of text in a different |
84267 | 710 buffer, and their commands are different as well. |
711 | |
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712 @vindex read-mail-command |
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713 Similarly, to specify your preferred method for reading mail, |
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714 customize the variable @code{read-mail-command}. The default is |
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715 @code{rmail} (@pxref{Rmail}). |
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716 |
84267 | 717 @ignore |
718 arch-tag: d8a3dfc3-5d87-45c5-a7f2-69871b8e4fd6 | |
719 @end ignore |