Mercurial > emacs
annotate nt/INSTALL @ 35758:aa069bbee4c8
Work around small preprocessor bugs in sunos4 pcc and MinGW.
author | Francesco Potortì <pot@gnu.org> |
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date | Wed, 31 Jan 2001 08:53:56 +0000 |
parents | efa42820d1af |
children | 70ef76f45876 |
rev | line source |
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25856 | 1 Building and Installing Emacs |
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2 on Windows NT and Windows 95/98/2000 |
25856 | 3 |
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4 To compile Emacs, you will need either Microsoft Visual C++ 2.0 or |
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5 later, or a Windows port of GCC 2.95 or later with Mingw and W32 API |
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6 support and a port of GNU make. You can use the Cygwin ports of GCC, |
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7 but Emacs requires the Mingw headers and libraries to build. |
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8 |
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9 If you build Emacs on Windows 9X or ME, not on Windows 2000 or |
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10 Windows/NT, we suggest to install the Cygwin port of Bash. |
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11 |
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12 Please see http://www.mingw.org for pointers to GCC/Mingw binaries. |
25856 | 13 |
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14 For reference, here is a list of which builds of GNU make are known |
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15 to work or not, and whether they work in the presence and/or absence |
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16 of sh.exe, the Cygwin port of Bash. |
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17 |
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18 sh exists no sh |
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19 |
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20 cygwin b20.1 make (3.75): okay[1] fails[2] |
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21 MSVC compiled gmake 3.77: okay okay |
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22 MSVC compiled gmake 3.78.1: okay okay |
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23 MSVC compiled gmake 3.79.1: okay okay |
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24 mingw32/gcc-2.92.2 make (3.77): okay[4] okay |
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25 cygwin compiled gmake 3.77: okay[1] fails[2] |
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26 cygwin compiled gmake 3.78.1: okay fails[2] |
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27 cygwin compiled gmake 3.79.1: couldn't build make[3] |
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28 |
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29 Notes: |
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30 |
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31 [1] doesn't cope with makefiles with DOS line endings, so must mount |
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32 emacs source with text!=binary. |
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33 [2] fails when needs to invoke shell commands; okay invoking gcc etc. |
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34 [3] requires LC_MESSAGES support to build; maybe 2.95.x update to |
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35 cygwin provides this? |
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36 [4] may fail on Windows 9X and Windows ME; if so, install Bash. |
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37 |
25856 | 38 Configuring: |
39 | |
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40 Configuration of Emacs is now handled by running configure.bat in the |
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41 nt subdirectory. It will detect which compiler you have available, |
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42 and generate makefiles accordingly. You can override the compiler |
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43 detection, and control optimization and debug settings, by specifying |
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44 options on the command line when invoking configure. |
25856 | 45 |
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46 To configure Emacs to build with GCC or MSVC, whichever is available, |
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47 simply change to the nt subdirectory and run `configure' with no |
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48 options. To see what options are available, run `configure --help'. |
25856 | 49 |
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50 N.B. It is normal to see a few error messages output while configure |
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51 is running, when gcc support is being tested. These cannot be |
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52 surpressed because of limitations in the Windows 9x command.com shell. |
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53 |
25856 | 54 Building: |
55 | |
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56 After running configure, simply run the appropriate `make' program for |
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57 your compiler to build Emacs. For MSVC, this is nmake; for GCC, it is |
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58 GNU make. |
25856 | 59 |
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60 As the files are compiled, you will see some warning messages |
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61 declaring that some functions don't return a value, or that some data |
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62 conversions will be lossy, etc. You can safely ignore these messages. |
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63 The warnings may be fixed in the main FSF source at some point, but |
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64 until then we will just live with them. |
25856 | 65 |
66 Installing: | |
67 | |
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68 To install Emacs after it has compiled, simply run `make install'. |
25856 | 69 |
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70 By default, Emacs will be installed in the location where it was |
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71 built, but a different location can be specified either using the |
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72 --prefix option to configure, or by setting INSTALL_DIR when running |
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73 make, like so: |
25856 | 74 |
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75 make install INSTALL_DIR=D:/emacs |
25856 | 76 |
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77 The install process will run addpm to setup the registry entries, and |
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78 to create a Start menu icon for Emacs. |
25856 | 79 |
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80 Trouble-shooting: |
25856 | 81 |
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82 The main problems that are likely to be encountered when building |
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83 Emacs stem from using an old version of GCC, or old Mingw or W32 API |
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84 headers. Additionally, cygwin ports of GNU make may require the Emacs |
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85 source tree to be mounted with text!=binary, because the makefiles |
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86 generated by configure.bat necessarily use DOS line endings. Also, |
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87 cygwin ports of make must run in UNIX mode, either by specifying |
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88 --unix on the command line, or MAKE_MODE=UNIX in the environment. |
25856 | 89 |
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90 When configure runs, it attempts to detect when GCC itself, or the |
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91 headers it is using, are not suitable for building Emacs. GCC version |
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92 2.95 or later is needed, because that is when the Windows port gained |
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93 sufficient support for anonymous structs and unions to cope with some |
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94 definitions from winnt.h that are used by addsection.c. The W32 API |
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95 headers that come with Cygwin b20.1 are incomplete, and do not include |
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96 some definitions required by addsection.c, for instance. Also, older |
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97 releases of the W32 API headers from Anders Norlander contain a typo |
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98 in the definition of IMAGE_FIRST_SECTION in winnt.h, which |
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99 addsection.c relies on. Versions of w32api-xxx.zip from at least |
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100 1999-11-18 onwards are okay. |
25856 | 101 |
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102 If configure succeeds, but make fails, install the Cygwin port of |
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103 Bash, even if the table above indicates that Emacs should be able to |
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104 build without sh.exe. (Some versions of Windows shells are too dumb |
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105 for Makefile's used by Emacs.) |
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106 |
25856 | 107 Debugging: |
108 | |
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109 You should be able to debug Emacs using the debugger that is |
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110 appropriate for the compiler you used, namely DevStudio or Windbg if |
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111 compiled with MSVC, or gdb if compiled with gcc. |
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112 |
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113 Emacs functions implemented in C use a naming convention that reflects |
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114 their names in lisp. The names of the C routines are the lisp names |
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115 prefixed with 'F', and with dashes converted to underscores. For |
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116 example, the function call-process is implemented in C by |
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117 Fcall_process. Similarly, lisp variables are prefixed with 'V', again |
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118 with dashes converted to underscores. These conventions enable you to |
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119 easily set breakpoints or examine familiar lisp variables by name. |
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121 Since Emacs data is often in the form of a lisp object, and the |
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122 Lisp_Object type is difficult to examine manually in the MSVC |
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123 debugger, Emacs provides a helper routine called debug_print that |
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124 prints out a readable representation of a Lisp_Object. (If you are |
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125 using gdb, there is a .gdbinit file in the src directory which |
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126 provides definitions that are useful for examining lisp objects. The |
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127 following tips are mainly of interest when using MSVC.) The output |
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128 from debug_print is sent to stderr, and to the debugger via the |
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129 OutputDebugString routine. The output sent to stderr should be |
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130 displayed in the console window that was opened when the emacs.exe |
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131 executable was started. The output sent to the debugger should be |
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132 displayed in its "Debug" output window. |
25856 | 133 |
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134 When you are in the process of debugging Emacs and you would like to |
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135 examine the contents of a Lisp_Object variable, popup the QuickWatch |
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136 window (QuickWatch has an eyeglass symbol on its button in the |
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137 toolbar). In the text field at the top of the window, enter |
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138 debug_print(<variable>) and hit return. For example, start and run |
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139 Emacs in the debugger until it is waiting for user input. Then click |
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140 on the Break button in the debugger to halt execution. Emacs should |
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141 halt in ZwUserGetMessage waiting for an input event. Use the Call |
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142 Stack window to select the procedure w32_msp_pump up the call stack |
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143 (see below for why you have to do this). Open the QuickWatch window |
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144 and enter debug_print(Vexec_path). Evaluating this expression will |
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145 then print out the contents of the lisp variable exec-path. |
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147 If QuickWatch reports that the symbol is unknown, then check the call |
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148 stack in the Call Stack window. If the selected frame in the call |
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149 stack is not an Emacs procedure, then the debugger won't recognize |
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150 Emacs symbols. Instead, select a frame that is inside an Emacs |
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151 procedure and try using debug_print again. |
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153 If QuickWatch invokes debug_print but nothing happens, then check the |
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154 thread that is selected in the debugger. If the selected thread is |
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155 not the last thread to run (the "current" thread), then it cannot be |
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156 used to execute debug_print. Use the Debug menu to select the current |
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157 thread and try using debug_print again. Note that the debugger halts |
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158 execution (e.g., due to a breakpoint) in the context of the current |
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159 thread, so this should only be a problem if you've explicitly switched |
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160 threads. |