annotate man/buffers.texi @ 68509:ab50d02721ae

Many clarifications. (Help): Don't describe C-h F and C-h K here. (Key Help): Describe C-h K here. (Name Help): Mention Emacs Lisp Intro. Describe C-h F here. (Misc Help): Mention C-h F and C-h K only briefly.
author Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
date Tue, 31 Jan 2006 18:22:30 +0000
parents 3dc88cb2b76a
children e709385ba493 7beb78bc1f8e
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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001,
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3 @c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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4 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
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5 @node Buffers, Windows, Files, Top
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6 @chapter Using Multiple Buffers
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7
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8 @cindex buffers
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9 The text you are editing in Emacs resides in an object called a
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10 @dfn{buffer}. Each time you visit a file, a buffer is created to hold the
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11 file's text. Each time you invoke Dired, a buffer is created to hold the
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12 directory listing. If you send a message with @kbd{C-x m}, a buffer named
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13 @samp{*mail*} is used to hold the text of the message. When you ask for a
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14 command's documentation, that appears in a buffer called @samp{*Help*}.
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15
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16 @cindex selected buffer
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17 @cindex current buffer
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18 At any time, one and only one buffer is @dfn{current}. It is also
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19 called the @dfn{selected buffer}. Often we say that a command operates on
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20 ``the buffer'' as if there were only one; but really this means that the
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21 command operates on the current buffer (most commands do).
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22
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23 When Emacs has multiple windows, each window has its own chosen
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24 buffer and displays it; at any time, only one of the windows is
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25 selected, and its chosen buffer is the current buffer. Each window's
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26 mode line normally displays the name of the window's chosen buffer
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27 (@pxref{Windows}).
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28
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29 Each buffer has a name, which can be of any length, and you can select
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30 any buffer by giving its name. Most buffers are made by visiting files,
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31 and their names are derived from the files' names. But you can also create
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32 an empty buffer with any name you want. A newly started Emacs has a buffer
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33 named @samp{*scratch*} which can be used for evaluating Lisp expressions in
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34 Emacs. The distinction between upper and lower case matters in buffer
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35 names.
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36
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37 Each buffer records individually what file it is visiting, whether it is
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38 modified, and what major mode and minor modes are in effect in it
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39 (@pxref{Major Modes}). Any Emacs variable can be made @dfn{local to} a
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40 particular buffer, meaning its value in that buffer can be different from
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41 the value in other buffers. @xref{Locals}.
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42
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43 @cindex buffer size, maximum
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44 A buffer's size cannot be larger than some maximum, which is defined
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45 by the largest buffer position representable by the @dfn{Emacs integer}
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46 data type. This is because Emacs tracks buffer positions using that
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47 data type. For 32-bit machines, the largest buffer size is 256
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48 megabytes.
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49
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50 @menu
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51 * Select Buffer:: Creating a new buffer or reselecting an old one.
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52 * List Buffers:: Getting a list of buffers that exist.
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53 * Misc Buffer:: Renaming; changing read-onlyness; copying text.
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54 * Kill Buffer:: Killing buffers you no longer need.
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55 * Several Buffers:: How to go through the list of all buffers
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56 and operate variously on several of them.
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57 * Indirect Buffers:: An indirect buffer shares the text of another buffer.
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58 * Buffer Convenience:: Convenience and customization features for
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59 buffer handling.
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60 @end menu
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61
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62 @node Select Buffer
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63 @section Creating and Selecting Buffers
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64 @cindex change buffers
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65 @cindex switch buffers
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66
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67 @table @kbd
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68 @item C-x b @var{buffer} @key{RET}
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69 Select or create a buffer named @var{buffer} (@code{switch-to-buffer}).
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70 @item C-x 4 b @var{buffer} @key{RET}
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71 Similar, but select @var{buffer} in another window
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72 (@code{switch-to-buffer-other-window}).
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73 @item C-x 5 b @var{buffer} @key{RET}
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74 Similar, but select @var{buffer} in a separate frame
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75 (@code{switch-to-buffer-other-frame}).
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76 @item C-x @key{LEFT}
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77 Select the previous buffer in the list of existing buffers.
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78 @item C-x @key{RIGHT}
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79 Select the next buffer in the list of existing buffers.
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80 @item C-u M-g M-g
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81 @itemx C-u M-g g
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82 Read a number @var{n} and move to line @var{n} in the most recently
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83 selected buffer other than the current buffer.
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84 @end table
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85
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86 @kindex C-x b
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87 @findex switch-to-buffer
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88 To select the buffer named @var{bufname}, type @kbd{C-x b @var{bufname}
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89 @key{RET}}. This runs the command @code{switch-to-buffer} with argument
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90 @var{bufname}. You can use completion on an abbreviation for the buffer
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91 name you want (@pxref{Completion}). An empty argument to @kbd{C-x b}
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92 specifies the buffer that was current most recently among those not
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93 now displayed in any window.
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94
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95 @kindex C-x @key{LEFT}
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96 @kindex C-x @key{RIGHT}
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97 @findex next-buffer
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98 @findex previous-buffer
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99 For conveniently switching between a few buffers, use the commands
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100 @kbd{C-x @key{LEFT}} and @kbd{C-x @key{RIGHT}}. @kbd{C-x @key{RIGHT}}
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101 (@code{previous-buffer}) selects the previous buffer (following the order
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102 of most recent selection in the current frame), while @kbd{C-x @key{LEFT}}
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103 (@code{next-buffer}) moves through buffers in the reverse direction.
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104
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105 @kindex C-x 4 b
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106 @findex switch-to-buffer-other-window
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107 @vindex even-window-heights
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108 To select a buffer in a window other than the current one, type
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109 @kbd{C-x 4 b @var{bufname} @key{RET}}. This runs the command
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110 @code{switch-to-buffer-other-window} which displays the buffer
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111 @var{bufname} in another window. By default, if displaying the buffer
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112 causes two vertically adjacent windows to be displayed, the heights of
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113 those windows are evened out; to countermand that and preserve the
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114 window configuration, set the variable @code{even-window-heights} to
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115 @code{nil}.
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116
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117 @kindex C-x 5 b
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118 @findex switch-to-buffer-other-frame
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119 Similarly, @kbd{C-x 5 b @var{buffer} @key{RET}} runs the command
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120 @code{switch-to-buffer-other-frame} which selects a buffer in another
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121 frame.
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122
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123 @vindex display-buffer-reuse-frames
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124 You can control how certain buffers are handled by these commands by
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125 customizing the variables @code{special-display-buffer-names},
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126 @code{special-display-regexps}, @code{same-window-buffer-names}, and
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127 @code{same-window-regexps}. See @ref{Force Same Window}, and
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128 @ref{Special Buffer Frames}, for more about these variables. In
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129 addition, if the value of @code{display-buffer-reuse-frames} is
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130 non-@code{nil}, and the buffer you want to switch to is already
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131 displayed in some frame, Emacs will raise that frame.
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132
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133 Most buffers are created by visiting files, or by Emacs commands that
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134 want to display some text, but you can also create a buffer explicitly
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135 by typing @kbd{C-x b @var{bufname} @key{RET}}. This makes a new, empty
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136 buffer that is not visiting any file, and selects it for editing. Such
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137 buffers are used for making notes to yourself. If you try to save one,
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138 you are asked for the file name to use. The new buffer's major mode is
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139 determined by the value of @code{default-major-mode} (@pxref{Major
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140 Modes}).
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141
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142 Note that @kbd{C-x C-f}, and any other command for visiting a file,
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143 can also be used to switch to an existing file-visiting buffer.
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144 @xref{Visiting}.
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145
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146 @kbd{C-u M-g M-g}, that is @code{goto-line} with a prefix argument
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147 of just @kbd{C-u}, reads a number @var{n} using the minibuffer,
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148 selects the most recently selected buffer other than the current
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149 buffer in another window, and then moves point to the beginning of
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150 line number @var{n} in that buffer. This is mainly useful in a buffer
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151 that refers to line numbers in another buffer: if point is on or just
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152 after a number, @code{goto-line} uses that number as the default for
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153 @var{n}. Note that prefix arguments other than just @kbd{C-u} behave
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154 differently. @kbd{C-u 4 M-g M-g} goes to line 4 in the @emph{current}
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155 buffer, without reading a number from the minibuffer. (Remember that
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156 @kbd{M-g M-g} without prefix argument reads a number @var{n} and then
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157 moves to line number @var{n} in the current buffer.)
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158
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159 Emacs uses buffer names that start with a space for internal purposes.
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160 It treats these buffers specially in minor ways---for example, by
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161 default they do not record undo information. It is best to avoid using
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162 such buffer names yourself.
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163
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164 @node List Buffers
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165 @section Listing Existing Buffers
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166
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167 @table @kbd
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168 @item C-x C-b
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169 List the existing buffers (@code{list-buffers}).
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170 @end table
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171
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172 @cindex listing current buffers
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173 @kindex C-x C-b
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174 @findex list-buffers
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175 To display a list of existing buffers, type @kbd{C-x C-b}. Each
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176 line in the list shows one buffer's name, major mode and visited file.
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177 The buffers are listed in the order that they were current; the
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178 buffers that were current most recently come first.
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179
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180 @samp{*} in the first field of a line indicates the buffer is ``modified.''
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181 If several buffers are modified, it may be time to save some with @kbd{C-x s}
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182 (@pxref{Save Commands}). @samp{%} indicates a read-only buffer. @samp{.} marks the
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183 current buffer. Here is an example of a buffer list:@refill
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184
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185 @smallexample
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186 CRM Buffer Size Mode File
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187 . * .emacs 3294 Emacs-Lisp ~/.emacs
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188 % *Help* 101 Help
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189 search.c 86055 C ~/cvs/emacs/src/search.c
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190 % src 20959 Dired by name ~/cvs/emacs/src/
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191 * *mail* 42 Mail
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192 % HELLO 1607 Fundamental ~/cvs/emacs/etc/HELLO
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193 % NEWS 481184 Outline ~/cvs/emacs/etc/NEWS
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194 *scratch* 191 Lisp Interaction
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195 * *Messages* 1554 Fundamental
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196 @end smallexample
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197
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198 @noindent
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199 Note that the buffer @samp{*Help*} was made by a help request; it is
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200 not visiting any file. The buffer @code{src} was made by Dired on the
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201 directory @file{~/cvs/emacs/src/}. You can list only buffers that are
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202 visiting files by giving the command a prefix; for instance, by typing
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203 @kbd{C-u C-x C-b}.
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204
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205 @code{list-buffers} omits buffers whose names begin with a space,
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206 unless they visit files: such buffers are used internally by Emacs.
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207
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208 @need 2000
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209 @node Misc Buffer
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210 @section Miscellaneous Buffer Operations
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211
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212 @table @kbd
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213 @item C-x C-q
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214 Toggle read-only status of buffer (@code{toggle-read-only}).
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215 @item M-x rename-buffer @key{RET} @var{name} @key{RET}
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216 Change the name of the current buffer.
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217 @item M-x rename-uniquely
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218 Rename the current buffer by adding @samp{<@var{number}>} to the end.
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219 @item M-x view-buffer @key{RET} @var{buffer} @key{RET}
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220 Scroll through buffer @var{buffer}.
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221 @end table
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222
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223 @kindex C-x C-q
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224 @vindex buffer-read-only
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225 @cindex read-only buffer
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226 A buffer can be @dfn{read-only}, which means that commands to change
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227 its contents are not allowed. The mode line indicates read-only
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228 buffers with @samp{%%} or @samp{%*} near the left margin. Read-only
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229 buffers are usually made by subsystems such as Dired and Rmail that
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230 have special commands to operate on the text; also by visiting a file
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231 whose access control says you cannot write it.
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232
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233 @findex toggle-read-only
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234 If you wish to make changes in a read-only buffer, use the command
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235 @kbd{C-x C-q} (@code{toggle-read-only}). It makes a read-only buffer
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236 writable, and makes a writable buffer read-only. This
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237 works by setting the variable @code{buffer-read-only}, which has a local
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238 value in each buffer and makes the buffer read-only if its value is
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239 non-@code{nil}. If you have files under version control, you may find
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240 it convenient to bind @kbd{C-x C-q} to @code{vc-toggle-read-only}
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241 instead. Then, typing @kbd{C-x C-q} not only changes the read-only
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242 flag, but it also checks the file in or out. @xref{Version
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243 Control}.
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244
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245 @findex rename-buffer
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246 @kbd{M-x rename-buffer} changes the name of the current buffer. Specify
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247 the new name as a minibuffer argument. There is no default. If you
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248 specify a name that is in use for some other buffer, an error happens and
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249 no renaming is done.
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250
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251 @findex rename-uniquely
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252 @kbd{M-x rename-uniquely} renames the current buffer to a similar
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253 name with a numeric suffix added to make it both different and unique.
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254 This command does not need an argument. It is useful for creating
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255 multiple shell buffers: if you rename the @samp{*shell*} buffer, then
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256 do @kbd{M-x shell} again, it makes a new shell buffer named
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257 @samp{*shell*}; meanwhile, the old shell buffer continues to exist
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258 under its new name. This method is also good for mail buffers,
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259 compilation buffers, and most Emacs features that create special
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260 buffers with particular names. (With some of these features, such as
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261 @kbd{M-x compile}, @kbd{M-x grep} an @kbd{M-x info}, you need to
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262 switch to some other buffer before using the command, in order for it
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263 to make a different buffer.)
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264
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265 @findex view-buffer
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266 @kbd{M-x view-buffer} is much like @kbd{M-x view-file} (@pxref{Misc
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267 File Ops}) except that it examines an already existing Emacs buffer.
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268 View mode provides commands for scrolling through the buffer
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269 conveniently but not for changing it. When you exit View mode with
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270 @kbd{q}, that switches back to the buffer (and the position) which was
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271 previously displayed in the window. Alternatively, if you exit View
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272 mode with @kbd{e}, the buffer and the value of point that resulted from
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273 your perusal remain in effect.
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274
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275 The commands @kbd{M-x append-to-buffer} and @kbd{M-x insert-buffer}
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276 can be used to copy text from one buffer to another. @xref{Accumulating
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277 Text}.@refill
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278
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279 @node Kill Buffer
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280 @section Killing Buffers
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281
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282 @cindex killing buffers
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283 If you continue an Emacs session for a while, you may accumulate a
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284 large number of buffers. You may then find it convenient to @dfn{kill}
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285 the buffers you no longer need. On most operating systems, killing a
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286 buffer releases its space back to the operating system so that other
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287 programs can use it. Here are some commands for killing buffers:
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288
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289 @table @kbd
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290 @item C-x k @var{bufname} @key{RET}
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291 Kill buffer @var{bufname} (@code{kill-buffer}).
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292 @item M-x kill-some-buffers
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293 Offer to kill each buffer, one by one.
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294 @end table
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295
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296 @findex kill-buffer
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297 @findex kill-some-buffers
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298 @kindex C-x k
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299
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300 @kbd{C-x k} (@code{kill-buffer}) kills one buffer, whose name you
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301 specify in the minibuffer. The default, used if you type just
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302 @key{RET} in the minibuffer, is to kill the current buffer. If you
39cfe73648c8 selected buffer <=> current buffer.
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303 kill the current buffer, another buffer becomes current: one that was
39cfe73648c8 selected buffer <=> current buffer.
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304 current in the recent past but is not displayed in any window now. If
39cfe73648c8 selected buffer <=> current buffer.
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305 you ask to kill a file-visiting buffer that is modified (has unsaved
39cfe73648c8 selected buffer <=> current buffer.
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306 editing), then you must confirm with @kbd{yes} before the buffer is
39cfe73648c8 selected buffer <=> current buffer.
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307 killed.
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308
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309 The command @kbd{M-x kill-some-buffers} asks about each buffer, one by
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310 one. An answer of @kbd{y} means to kill the buffer. Killing the current
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311 buffer or a buffer containing unsaved changes selects a new buffer or asks
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312 for confirmation just like @code{kill-buffer}.
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313
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314 The buffer menu feature (@pxref{Several Buffers}) is also convenient
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315 for killing various buffers.
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316
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317 @vindex kill-buffer-hook
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318 If you want to do something special every time a buffer is killed, you
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319 can add hook functions to the hook @code{kill-buffer-hook} (@pxref{Hooks}).
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320
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321 @findex clean-buffer-list
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322 If you run one Emacs session for a period of days, as many people do,
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323 it can fill up with buffers that you used several days ago. The command
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324 @kbd{M-x clean-buffer-list} is a convenient way to purge them; it kills
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325 all the unmodified buffers that you have not used for a long time. An
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326 ordinary buffer is killed if it has not been displayed for three days;
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327 however, you can specify certain buffers that should never be killed
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328 automatically, and others that should be killed if they have been unused
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329 for a mere hour.
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330
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331 @cindex Midnight mode
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332 @vindex midnight-mode
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333 @vindex midnight-hook
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334 You can also have this buffer purging done for you, every day at
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335 midnight, by enabling Midnight mode. Midnight mode operates each day at
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336 midnight; at that time, it runs @code{clean-buffer-list}, or whichever
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337 functions you have placed in the normal hook @code{midnight-hook}
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338 (@pxref{Hooks}).
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339
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340 To enable Midnight mode, use the Customization buffer to set the
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341 variable @code{midnight-mode} to @code{t}. @xref{Easy Customization}.
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342
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343 @node Several Buffers
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344 @section Operating on Several Buffers
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345 @cindex buffer menu
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346
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347 The @dfn{buffer-menu} facility is like a ``Dired for buffers''; it allows
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348 you to request operations on various Emacs buffers by editing an Emacs
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349 buffer containing a list of them. You can save buffers, kill them
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350 (here called @dfn{deleting} them, for consistency with Dired), or display
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351 them.
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352
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353 @table @kbd
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354 @item M-x buffer-menu
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355 Begin editing a buffer listing all Emacs buffers.
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356 @item M-x buffer-menu-other-window.
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357 Similar, but do it in another window.
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358 @end table
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359
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360 @findex buffer-menu
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361 @findex buffer-menu-other-window
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362 The command @code{buffer-menu} writes a list of all Emacs
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363 buffers@footnote{Buffers which don't visit files and whose names begin
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364 with a space are omitted: these are used internally by Emacs.} into the
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365 buffer @samp{*Buffer List*}, and selects that buffer in Buffer Menu
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366 mode.
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367
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368 The buffer is read-only, and can be
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369 changed only through the special commands described in this section.
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370 The usual Emacs cursor motion commands can be used in the @samp{*Buffer
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371 List*} buffer. The following commands apply to the buffer described on
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372 the current line.
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373
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374 @table @kbd
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375 @item d
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376 Request to delete (kill) the buffer, then move down. The request
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377 shows as a @samp{D} on the line, before the buffer name. Requested
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378 deletions take place when you type the @kbd{x} command.
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379 @item C-d
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380 Like @kbd{d} but move up afterwards instead of down.
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381 @item s
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382 Request to save the buffer. The request shows as an @samp{S} on the
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383 line. Requested saves take place when you type the @kbd{x} command.
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384 You may request both saving and deletion for the same buffer.
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385 @item x
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386 Perform previously requested deletions and saves.
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387 @item u
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388 Remove any request made for the current line, and move down.
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389 @item @key{DEL}
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390 Move to previous line and remove any request made for that line.
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391 @end table
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392
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393 The @kbd{d}, @kbd{C-d}, @kbd{s} and @kbd{u} commands to add or remove
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394 flags also move down (or up) one line. They accept a numeric argument
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395 as a repeat count.
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396
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397 These commands operate immediately on the buffer listed on the current
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398 line:
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399
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400 @table @kbd
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401 @item ~
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402 Mark the buffer ``unmodified.'' The command @kbd{~} does this
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403 immediately when you type it.
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404 @item %
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405 Toggle the buffer's read-only flag. The command @kbd{%} does
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406 this immediately when you type it.
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407 @item t
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408 Visit the buffer as a tags table. @xref{Select Tags Table}.
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409 @end table
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410
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411 There are also commands to select another buffer or buffers:
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412
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413 @table @kbd
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414 @item q
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415 Quit the buffer menu---immediately display the most recent formerly
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416 visible buffer in its place.
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417 @item @key{RET}
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418 @itemx f
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419 Immediately select this line's buffer in place of the @samp{*Buffer
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420 List*} buffer.
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421 @item o
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422 Immediately select this line's buffer in another window as if by
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423 @kbd{C-x 4 b}, leaving @samp{*Buffer List*} visible.
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424 @item C-o
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425 Immediately display this line's buffer in another window, but don't
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426 select the window.
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427 @item 1
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428 Immediately select this line's buffer in a full-screen window.
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429 @item 2
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430 Immediately set up two windows, with this line's buffer selected in
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431 one, and the previously current buffer (aside from the buffer
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432 @samp{*Buffer List*}) displayed in the other.
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433 @item b
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434 Bury the buffer listed on this line.
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435 @item m
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436 Mark this line's buffer to be displayed in another window if you exit
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437 with the @kbd{v} command. The request shows as a @samp{>} at the
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diff changeset
438 beginning of the line. (A single buffer may not have both a delete
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439 request and a display request.)
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440 @item v
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441 Immediately select this line's buffer, and also display in other windows
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442 any buffers previously marked with the @kbd{m} command. If you have not
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443 marked any buffers, this command is equivalent to @kbd{1}.
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444 @end table
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445
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446 There is also a command that affects the entire buffer list:
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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447
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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448 @table @kbd
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449 @item T
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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450 Delete, or reinsert, lines for non-file buffers. This command toggles
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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451 the inclusion of such buffers in the buffer list.
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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452 @end table
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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453
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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diff changeset
454 What @code{buffer-menu} actually does is create and switch to a
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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diff changeset
455 suitable buffer, and turn on Buffer Menu mode in it. Everything else
25829
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456 described above is implemented by the special commands provided in
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457 Buffer Menu mode. One consequence of this is that you can switch from
59884
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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458 the @samp{*Buffer List*} buffer to another Emacs buffer, and edit
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diff changeset
459 there. You can reselect the @samp{*Buffer List*} buffer later, to
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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460 perform the operations already requested, or you can kill it, or pay
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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diff changeset
461 no further attention to it.
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462
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diff changeset
463 The list in the @samp{*Buffer List*} buffer looks exactly like the
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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diff changeset
464 buffer list described in @ref{List Buffers}, because they really are
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diff changeset
465 the same. The only difference between @code{buffer-menu} and
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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diff changeset
466 @code{list-buffers} is that @code{buffer-menu} switches to the
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467 @samp{*Buffer List*} buffer in the selected window;
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diff changeset
468 @code{list-buffers} displays the same buffer in another window. If
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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diff changeset
469 you run @code{list-buffers} (that is, type @kbd{C-x C-b}) and select
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
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diff changeset
470 the buffer list manually, you can use all of the commands described
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diff changeset
471 here.
25829
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472
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473 Normally, the buffer @samp{*Buffer List*} is not updated automatically when
25829
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diff changeset
474 buffers are created and killed; its contents are just text. If you have
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diff changeset
475 created, deleted or renamed buffers, the way to update @samp{*Buffer
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diff changeset
476 List*} to show what you have done is to type @kbd{g}
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diff changeset
477 (@code{revert-buffer}) or repeat the @code{buffer-menu} command.
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diff changeset
478
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diff changeset
479 The @samp{*Buffer List*} buffer does automatically update every
c2bec3c79554 (Buffers): Maximum buffer size is now 256M on 32-bit machines.
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diff changeset
480 @code{auto-revert-interval} seconds if you enable Auto Revert mode in
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diff changeset
481 it. (As long as it is not marked modified.) Global Auto Revert mode
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diff changeset
482 does not update the @samp{*Buffer List*} buffer by default, but it
c2bec3c79554 (Buffers): Maximum buffer size is now 256M on 32-bit machines.
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diff changeset
483 does if @code{global-auto-revert-non-file-buffers} is non-@code{nil}.
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diff changeset
484 @inforef{Autorevert,, emacs-xtra}, for details.
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diff changeset
485
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diff changeset
486 The command @code{buffer-menu-other-window} works the same as
4ce165b55ef1 (List Buffers, Several Buffers): Document that internal buffers are
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diff changeset
487 @code{buffer-menu}, except that it displays the buffers list in
4ce165b55ef1 (List Buffers, Several Buffers): Document that internal buffers are
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diff changeset
488 another window.
4ce165b55ef1 (List Buffers, Several Buffers): Document that internal buffers are
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diff changeset
489
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490 @node Indirect Buffers
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diff changeset
491 @section Indirect Buffers
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diff changeset
492 @cindex indirect buffer
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diff changeset
493 @cindex base buffer
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diff changeset
494
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diff changeset
495 An @dfn{indirect buffer} shares the text of some other buffer, which
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parents:
diff changeset
496 is called the @dfn{base buffer} of the indirect buffer. In some ways it
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diff changeset
497 is the analogue, for buffers, of a symbolic link between files.
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diff changeset
498
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diff changeset
499 @table @kbd
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500 @findex make-indirect-buffer
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diff changeset
501 @item M-x make-indirect-buffer @key{RET} @var{base-buffer} @key{RET} @var{indirect-name} @key{RET}
25829
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diff changeset
502 Create an indirect buffer named @var{indirect-name} whose base buffer
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diff changeset
503 is @var{base-buffer}.
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diff changeset
504 @findex clone-indirect-buffer
3d90d6c1f3b9 Document clone-indirect-buffer.
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diff changeset
505 @item M-x clone-indirect-buffer @key{RET}
3d90d6c1f3b9 Document clone-indirect-buffer.
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diff changeset
506 Create an indirect buffer that is a twin copy of the current buffer.
36884
3067f258e551 *** empty log message ***
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diff changeset
507 @item C-x 4 c
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diff changeset
508 @kindex C-x 4 c
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diff changeset
509 @findex clone-indirect-buffer-other-window
3d90d6c1f3b9 Document clone-indirect-buffer.
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diff changeset
510 Create an indirect buffer that is a twin copy of the current buffer, and
3d90d6c1f3b9 Document clone-indirect-buffer.
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diff changeset
511 select it in another window (@code{clone-indirect-buffer-other-window}).
25829
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diff changeset
512 @end table
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diff changeset
513
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diff changeset
514 The text of the indirect buffer is always identical to the text of its
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diff changeset
515 base buffer; changes made by editing either one are visible immediately
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parents:
diff changeset
516 in the other. But in all other respects, the indirect buffer and its
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parents:
diff changeset
517 base buffer are completely separate. They have different names,
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parents:
diff changeset
518 different values of point, different narrowing, different markers,
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parents:
diff changeset
519 different major modes, and different local variables.
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parents:
diff changeset
520
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parents:
diff changeset
521 An indirect buffer cannot visit a file, but its base buffer can. If
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
522 you try to save the indirect buffer, that actually works by saving the
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
523 base buffer. Killing the base buffer effectively kills the indirect
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
524 buffer, but killing an indirect buffer has no effect on its base buffer.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
525
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
526 One way to use indirect buffers is to display multiple views of an
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
527 outline. @xref{Outline Views}.
30869
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
528
36143
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
529 A quick and handy way to make an indirect buffer is with the command
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
530 @kbd{M-x clone-indirect-buffer}. It creates and selects an indirect
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
531 buffer whose base buffer is the current buffer. With a numeric
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
532 argument, it prompts for the name of the indirect buffer; otherwise it
67742
3dc88cb2b76a (Select Buffer): Change order in table to make "Similar" refer to the
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 67603
diff changeset
533 uses the name of the current buffer, with a @samp{<@var{n}>} suffix
3dc88cb2b76a (Select Buffer): Change order in table to make "Similar" refer to the
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 67603
diff changeset
534 added. @kbd{C-x 4 c} (@code{clone-indirect-buffer-other-window})
3dc88cb2b76a (Select Buffer): Change order in table to make "Similar" refer to the
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 67603
diff changeset
535 works like @kbd{M-x clone-indirect-buffer}, but it selects the new
3dc88cb2b76a (Select Buffer): Change order in table to make "Similar" refer to the
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents: 67603
diff changeset
536 buffer in another window.
31056
3d90d6c1f3b9 Document clone-indirect-buffer.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 30869
diff changeset
537
54270
3f4d59c8c90d (Misc Buffer): Explain use of M-x rename-uniquely
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
538 The more general way to make an indirect buffer is with the command
3f4d59c8c90d (Misc Buffer): Explain use of M-x rename-uniquely
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
539 @kbd{M-x make-indirect-buffer}. It creates an indirect buffer from
3f4d59c8c90d (Misc Buffer): Explain use of M-x rename-uniquely
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
540 buffer @var{base-buffer}, under the name @var{indirect-name}. It
3f4d59c8c90d (Misc Buffer): Explain use of M-x rename-uniquely
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
541 prompts for both @var{base-buffer} and @var{indirect-name} using the
3f4d59c8c90d (Misc Buffer): Explain use of M-x rename-uniquely
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
542 minibuffer.
31056
3d90d6c1f3b9 Document clone-indirect-buffer.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 30869
diff changeset
543
30869
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
544 @node Buffer Convenience
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
545 @section Convenience Features and Customization of Buffer Handling
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
546
37121
f9bd7ef13ddb Minor changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36884
diff changeset
547 This section describes several modes and features that make it more
f9bd7ef13ddb Minor changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36884
diff changeset
548 convenient to switch between buffers.
f9bd7ef13ddb Minor changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36884
diff changeset
549
30869
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
550 @menu
59884
7e4885de870d (Select Buffer): Doc next-buffer and prev-buffer.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 56744
diff changeset
551 * Uniquify:: Making buffer names unique with directory parts.
31815
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
552 * Iswitchb:: Switching between buffers with substrings.
49600
23a1cea22d13 Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 46457
diff changeset
553 * Buffer Menus:: Configurable buffer menu.
30869
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
554 @end menu
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
555
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
556 @node Uniquify
36143
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
557 @subsection Making Buffer Names Unique
30869
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
558
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
559 @cindex unique buffer names
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
560 @cindex directories in buffer names
36143
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
561 When several buffers visit identically-named files, Emacs must give
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
562 the buffers distinct names. The usual method for making buffer names
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
563 unique adds @samp{<2>}, @samp{<3>}, etc. to the end of the buffer
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
564 names (all but one of them).
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
565
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
566 @vindex uniquify-buffer-name-style
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
567 Other methods work by adding parts of each file's directory to the
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
568 buffer name. To select one, customize the variable
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
569 @code{uniquify-buffer-name-style} (@pxref{Easy Customization}).
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
570
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
571 For instance, the @code{forward} naming method puts part of the
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
572 directory name at the beginning of the buffer name; using this method,
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
573 buffers visiting @file{/u/mernst/tmp/Makefile} and
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
574 @file{/usr/projects/zaphod/Makefile} would be named
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
575 @samp{tmp/Makefile} and @samp{zaphod/Makefile}, respectively (instead
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
576 of @samp{Makefile} and @samp{Makefile<2>}).
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
577
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
578 By contrast, the @code{post-forward} naming method would call the
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
579 buffers @samp{Makefile|tmp} and @samp{Makefile|zaphod}, and the
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
580 @code{reverse} naming method would call them @samp{Makefile\tmp} and
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
581 @samp{Makefile\zaphod}. The nontrivial difference between
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
582 @code{post-forward} and @code{reverse} occurs when just one directory
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
583 name is not enough to distinguish two files; then @code{reverse} puts
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
584 the directory names in reverse order, so that @file{/top/middle/file}
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
585 becomes @samp{file\middle\top}, while @code{post-forward} puts them in
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
586 forward order after the file name, as in @samp{file|top/middle}.
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
587
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
588 Which rule to follow for putting the directory names in the buffer
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
589 name is not very important if you are going to @emph{look} at the
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
590 buffer names before you type one. But as an experienced user, if you
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
591 know the rule, you won't have to look. And then you may find that one
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
592 rule or another is easier for you to remember and utilize fast.
30869
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
593
31815
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
594 @node Iswitchb
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
595 @subsection Switching Between Buffers using Substrings
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
596
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
597 @findex iswitchb-mode
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
598 @cindex Iswitchb mode
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
599 @cindex mode, Iswitchb
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
600 @kindex C-x b @r{(Iswitchb mode)}
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
601 @kindex C-x 4 b @r{(Iswitchb mode)}
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
602 @kindex C-x 5 b @r{(Iswitchb mode)}
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
603 @kindex C-x 4 C-o @r{(Iswitchb mode)}
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
604
36143
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
605 Iswitchb global minor mode provides convenient switching between
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
606 buffers using substrings of their names. It replaces the normal
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
607 definitions of @kbd{C-x b}, @kbd{C-x 4 b}, @kbd{C-x 5 b}, and @kbd{C-x
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
608 4 C-o} with alternative commands that are somewhat ``smarter.''
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
609
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
610 When one of these commands prompts you for a buffer name, you can
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
611 type in just a substring of the name you want to choose. As you enter
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
612 the substring, Iswitchb mode continuously displays a list of buffers
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
613 that match the substring you have typed.
31815
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
614
36143
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
615 At any time, you can type @key{RET} to select the first buffer in
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
616 the list. So the way to select a particular buffer is to make it the
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
617 first in the list. There are two ways to do this. You can type more
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
618 of the buffer name and thus narrow down the list, excluding unwanted
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
619 buffers above the desired one. Alternatively, you can use @kbd{C-s}
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
620 and @kbd{C-r} to rotate the list until the desired buffer is first.
31815
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
621
36143
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
622 @key{TAB} while entering the buffer name performs completion on the
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
623 string you have entered, based on the displayed list of buffers.
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
624
37121
f9bd7ef13ddb Minor changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36884
diff changeset
625 To enable Iswitchb mode, type @kbd{M-x iswitchb-mode}, or customize
f9bd7ef13ddb Minor changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36884
diff changeset
626 the variable @code{iswitchb-mode} to @code{t} (@pxref{Easy
f9bd7ef13ddb Minor changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36884
diff changeset
627 Customization}).
f9bd7ef13ddb Minor changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36884
diff changeset
628
36143
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
629 @node Buffer Menus
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
630 @subsection Customizing Buffer Menus
30869
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
631
31311
a04fdd7a9207 bs-show
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31185
diff changeset
632 @findex bs-show
a04fdd7a9207 bs-show
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31185
diff changeset
633 @cindex buffer list, customizable
a04fdd7a9207 bs-show
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31185
diff changeset
634 @table @kbd
a04fdd7a9207 bs-show
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31185
diff changeset
635 @item M-x bs-show
a04fdd7a9207 bs-show
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31185
diff changeset
636 Make a list of buffers similarly to @kbd{M-x list-buffers} but
a04fdd7a9207 bs-show
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31185
diff changeset
637 customizable.
a04fdd7a9207 bs-show
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31185
diff changeset
638 @end table
a04fdd7a9207 bs-show
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31185
diff changeset
639
36143
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
640 @kbd{M-x bs-show} pops up a buffer list similar to the one normally
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
641 displayed by @kbd{C-x C-b} but which you can customize. If you prefer
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
642 this to the usual buffer list, you can bind this command to @kbd{C-x
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
643 C-b}. To customize this buffer list, use the @code{bs} Custom group
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
644 (@pxref{Easy Customization}).
30869
1827bd720842 (Buffer Convenience): New.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 30772
diff changeset
645
31815
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
646 @findex msb-mode
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
647 @cindex mode, MSB
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
648 @cindex MSB mode
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
649 @cindex buffer menu
e0b702f0bc3c iswitchb, msb
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 31311
diff changeset
650 @findex mouse-buffer-menu
36143
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
651 @kindex C-Down-Mouse-1
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
652 MSB global minor mode (``MSB'' stands for ``mouse select buffer'')
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
653 provides a different and customizable mouse buffer menu which you may
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
654 prefer. It replaces the bindings of @code{mouse-buffer-menu},
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
655 normally on @kbd{C-Down-Mouse-1}, and the menu bar buffer menu. You
44a6f7ea121f Major rewrite of Uniquify node and Iswitchb node.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 31815
diff changeset
656 can customize the menu in the @code{msb} Custom group.
52401
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52041
diff changeset
657
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52041
diff changeset
658 @ignore
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52041
diff changeset
659 arch-tag: 08c43460-f4f4-4b43-9cb5-1ea9ad991695
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 52041
diff changeset
660 @end ignore