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annotate INSTALL @ 15991:ae72a4c02f31
(webjump-sample-sites): Define with defvar.
(webjump-state-to-postal-alist): Likewise.
author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Sat, 31 Aug 1996 02:34:25 +0000 |
parents | 6a126c5c87bb |
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3199 | 1 GNU Emacs Installation Guide |
7627 | 2 Copyright (c) 1992, 1994 Free software Foundation, Inc. |
3199 | 3 |
4 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies | |
5 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the | |
6 copyright notice and permission notice are preserved, | |
7 and that the distributor grants the recipient permission | |
8 for further redistribution as permitted by this notice. | |
9 | |
10 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions | |
11 of this document, or of portions of it, | |
12 under the above conditions, provided also that they | |
13 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them, | |
14 and that any new or changed statements about the activities | |
15 of the Free Software Foundation are approved by the Foundation. | |
16 | |
17 | |
18 BUILDING AND INSTALLATION: | |
15209 | 19 |
20 (This is for a Unix or Unix-like system. For MSDOS, see below; search | |
21 for MSDOG. For Windows NT or Windows 95, see the file nt/INSTALL.) | |
3199 | 22 |
23 1) Make sure your system has enough swapping space allocated to handle | |
24 a program whose pure code is 900k bytes and whose data area is at | |
25 least 400k and can reach 8Mb or more. If the swapping space is | |
26 insufficient, you will get an error in the command `temacs -batch -l | |
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27 loadup dump', found in `./src/Makefile.in', or possibly when |
6062 | 28 running the final dumped Emacs. |
3199 | 29 |
12620 | 30 Building Emacs requires about 70 Mb of disk space (including the Emacs |
31 sources). Once installed, Emacs occupies about 35 Mb in the file | |
6062 | 32 system where it is installed; this includes the executable files, Lisp |
33 libraries, miscellaneous data files, and on-line documentation. If | |
34 the building and installation take place in different directories, | |
12620 | 35 then the installation procedure momentarily requires 70+35 Mb. |
3199 | 36 |
37 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should | |
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38 give to the `configure' program. That file offers hints for |
3199 | 39 getting around some possible installation problems. |
40 | |
41 3) In the top directory of the Emacs distribution, run the program | |
42 `configure' as follows: | |
43 | |
44 ./configure CONFIGURATION-NAME [--OPTION[=VALUE]] ... | |
45 | |
46 The CONFIGURATION-NAME argument should be a configuration name given | |
47 in `./etc/MACHINES'. If omitted, `configure' will try to guess your | |
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48 system type; if it cannot, you must find the appropriate configuration |
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49 name in `./etc/MACHINES' and specify it explicitly. |
3199 | 50 |
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51 If you don't want X support, specify `--with-x=no'. If you omit this |
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52 option, `configure' will try to figure out for itself whether your |
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53 system has X, and arrange to use it if present. |
3199 | 54 |
55 The `--x-includes=DIR' and `--x-libraries=DIR' options tell the build | |
56 process where the compiler should look for the include files and | |
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57 object libraries used with the X Window System. Normally, `configure' |
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58 is able to find them; these options are necessary if you have your X |
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59 Window System files installed in unusual places. These options also |
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60 accept a list of directories, separated with colons. |
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62 To get more attractive menus, you can specify an X toolkit when you |
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63 configure Emacs; use the option `--with-x-toolkit=TOOLKIT', where |
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64 TOOLKIT is `athena' or `motif' (`yes' and `lucid' are synonyms for |
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65 `athena'). On some systems, it does not work to use a toolkit with |
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66 shared libraries. |
3199 | 67 |
68 The `--with-gcc' option specifies that the build process should | |
69 compile Emacs using GCC. If you don't want to use GCC, specify | |
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70 `--with-gcc=no'. If you omit this option, `configure' will search |
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71 for GCC in your path, and use it if present. |
3199 | 72 |
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73 If you want the Emacs mail reader RMAIL to read mail from a POP |
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74 server, you must specify `--with-pop'. This provides support for the |
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75 POP3 protocol; older versions are not supported. For |
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76 Kerberos-authenticated POP add `--with-kerberos', for Hesiod support |
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77 add `--with-hesiod'. These options enable Emacs to use POP; whether |
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78 Emacs uses POP is controlled by individual users--see the Rmail |
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79 chapter of the Emacs manual. |
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80 |
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81 You can build Emacs for several different machine types from a single |
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82 source directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that |
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83 supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. Make separate |
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84 build directories for the different configuration types, and in each |
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85 one, run the Emacs `configure' script. `configure' looks for the |
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86 Emacs source code in the directory that `configure' is in. |
6062 | 87 |
3199 | 88 The `--prefix=PREFIXDIR' option specifies where the installation process |
89 should put emacs and its data files. This defaults to `/usr/local'. | |
90 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in PREFIXDIR/bin | |
91 (unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise). | |
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92 - The architecture-independent files go in PREFIXDIR/share/emacs/VERSION |
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93 (where VERSION is the version number of Emacs, like `19.27'). |
3199 | 94 - The architecture-dependent files go in |
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95 PREFIXDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION |
3199 | 96 (where CONFIGURATION is the configuration name, like mips-dec-ultrix4.2), |
97 unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise. | |
98 | |
99 The `--exec-prefix=EXECDIR' option allows you to specify a separate | |
100 portion of the directory tree for installing architecture-specific | |
101 files, like executables and utility programs. If specified, | |
102 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in EXECDIR/bin, and | |
103 - The architecture-dependent files go in | |
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104 EXECDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION. |
3199 | 105 EXECDIR/bin should be a directory that is normally in users' PATHs. |
106 | |
107 For example, the command | |
108 | |
109 ./configure mips-dec-ultrix --with-x11 | |
110 | |
111 configures Emacs to build for a DECstation running Ultrix, with | |
112 support for the X11 window system. | |
113 | |
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114 `configure' doesn't do any compilation or installation |
3199 | 115 itself. It just creates the files that influence those things: |
9499 | 116 `./Makefile', `lib-src/Makefile', `oldXMenu/Makefile', |
117 `lwlib/Makefile', `src/Makefile', and `./src/config.h'. For details | |
118 on exactly what it does, see the section called `CONFIGURATION BY | |
119 HAND', below. | |
3199 | 120 |
121 When it is done, `configure' prints a description of what it did and | |
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122 creates a shell script `config.status' which, when run, recreates the |
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123 same configuration. If `configure' exits with an error after |
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124 disturbing the status quo, it removes `config.status'. `configure' |
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125 also creates a file `config.cache' that saves the results of its tests |
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126 to make reconfiguring faster, and a file `config.log' containing compiler |
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127 output (useful mainly for debugging `configure'). You can give |
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128 `configure' the option `--cache-file=FILE' to use the results of the |
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129 tests in FILE instead of `config.cache'. Set FILE to `/dev/null' to |
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130 disable caching, for debugging `configure'. |
3199 | 131 |
132 The work of `configure' can be done by editing various files in the | |
133 distribution, but using `configure' is supposed to be simpler. See | |
134 the section called "CONFIGURATION BY HAND" below if you want to do the | |
135 configuration yourself. | |
136 | |
137 4) Look at `./lisp/paths.el'; if some of those values are not right | |
11905 | 138 for your system, set up the file `./lisp/site-init.el' with Emacs |
139 Lisp code to override them; it is not a good idea to edit paths.el | |
3199 | 140 itself. YOU MUST USE THE LISP FUNCTION `setq' TO ASSIGN VALUES, |
141 rather than `defvar', as used by `./lisp/paths.el'. For example, | |
142 | |
143 (setq news-inews-program "/usr/bin/inews") | |
144 | |
145 is how you would override the default value of the variable | |
146 news-inews-program (which is "/usr/local/inews"). | |
147 | |
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148 Before you override a variable this way, *look at the value* that the |
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149 variable gets by default! Make sure you know what kind of value the |
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150 variable should have. If you don't pay attention to what you are |
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151 doing, you'll make a mistake. |
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152 |
6062 | 153 5) Put into `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/site-load.el' any Emacs |
154 Lisp code you want Emacs to load before it is dumped out. Use | |
155 site-load.el for additional libraries if you arrange for their | |
156 documentation strings to be in the etc/DOC file (see | |
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157 src/Makefile.in if you wish to figure out how to do that). For all |
7627 | 158 else, use site-init.el. |
3199 | 159 |
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160 If you set load-path to a different value in site-init.el or |
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161 site-load.el, Emacs will use *precisely* that value when it starts up |
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162 again. If you do this, you are on your own! |
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163 |
3199 | 164 Note that, on some systems, the code you place in site-init.el must |
165 not use expand-file-name or any other function which may look | |
166 something up in the system's password and user information database. | |
167 See `./PROBLEMS' for more details on which systems this affects. | |
168 | |
7627 | 169 The `site-*.el' files are nonexistent in the distribution. You do not |
170 need to create them if you have nothing to put in them. | |
3199 | 171 |
172 6) Refer to the file `./etc/TERMS' for information on fields you may | |
173 wish to add to various termcap entries. The files `./etc/termcap.ucb' | |
174 and `./etc/termcap.dat' may already contain appropriately-modified | |
175 entries. | |
176 | |
177 7) Run `make' in the top directory of the Emacs distribution to finish | |
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178 building Emacs in the standard way. The final executable file is |
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179 named `src/emacs'. You can execute this file "in place" without |
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180 copying it, if you wish; then it automatically uses the sibling |
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181 directories ../lisp, ../lib-src, ../info. |
3199 | 182 |
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183 Or you can "install" the executable and the other Emacs into their |
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184 installed locations, with `make install'. By default, Emacs's files |
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185 are installed in the following directories: |
3199 | 186 |
187 `/usr/local/bin' holds the executable programs users normally run - | |
7864 | 188 `emacs', `etags', `ctags', `b2m', `emacsclient', |
189 and `rcs-checkin'. | |
3199 | 190 |
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191 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp' holds the Emacs Lisp library; |
3199 | 192 `VERSION' stands for the number of the Emacs version |
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193 you are installing, like `18.59' or `19.27'. Since the |
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194 Lisp library changes from one version of Emacs to |
3199 | 195 another, including the version number in the path |
196 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed | |
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197 at the same time; in particular, you don't have to |
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198 make Emacs unavailable while installing a new version. |
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199 |
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200 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp |
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201 files installed for Emacs version VERSION only. |
3199 | 202 |
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203 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp |
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204 files installed for all Emacs versions. |
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205 |
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206 When Emacs is installed, it searches for its Lisp files |
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207 in `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp', then in |
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208 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp', and finally in |
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209 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp'. |
3199 | 210 |
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211 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/etc' holds the Emacs tutorial, the DOC |
3199 | 212 file, the `yow' database, and other |
213 architecture-independent files Emacs might need while | |
214 running. VERSION is as specified for `.../lisp'. | |
215 | |
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216 `/usr/local/com/emacs/lock' contains files indicating who is editing |
3199 | 217 what, so Emacs can detect editing clashes between |
218 users. | |
219 | |
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220 `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME' contains executable |
3199 | 221 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to |
222 run themselves. | |
223 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are | |
224 installing, and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument | |
225 you gave to the `configure' program to identify the | |
226 architecture and operating system of your machine, | |
227 like `mips-dec-ultrix' or `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since | |
228 these files are specific to the version of Emacs, | |
229 operating system, and architecture in use, including | |
230 the configuration name in the path allows you to have | |
231 several versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and | |
232 operating systems installed at the same time; this is | |
233 useful for sites at which different kinds of machines | |
234 share the file system Emacs is installed on. | |
235 | |
236 `/usr/local/info' holds the on-line documentation for Emacs, known as | |
237 "info files". Many other GNU programs are documented | |
238 using info files as well, so this directory stands | |
239 apart from the other, Emacs-specific directories. | |
240 | |
241 `/usr/local/man/man1' holds the man pages for the programs installed | |
242 in `/usr/local/bin'. | |
243 | |
244 If these directories are not what you want, you can specify where to | |
245 install Emacs's libraries and data files or where Emacs should search | |
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246 for its Lisp files by giving values for `make' variables as part of |
3199 | 247 the command. See the section below called `MAKE VARIABLES' for more |
248 information on this. | |
249 | |
250 8) Check the file `dir' in your site's info directory (usually | |
251 /usr/local/info) to make sure that it has a menu entry for the Emacs | |
252 info files. | |
253 | |
6062 | 254 9) If your system uses lock files to interlock access to mailer inbox files, |
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255 then you might need to make the movemail program setuid or setgid |
6062 | 256 to enable it to write the lock files. We believe this is safe. |
257 | |
12620 | 258 10) You are done! You can remove executables and object files from |
259 the build directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the files | |
260 that `configure' created (so you can compile Emacs for a different | |
261 configuration), type `make distclean'. | |
262 | |
3199 | 263 |
264 | |
265 MAKE VARIABLES | |
266 | |
267 You can change where the build process installs Emacs and its data | |
268 files by specifying values for `make' variables as part of the `make' | |
269 command line. For example, if you type | |
270 | |
271 make install bindir=/usr/local/gnubin | |
272 | |
273 the `bindir=/usr/local/gnubin' argument indicates that the Emacs | |
274 executable files should go in `/usr/local/gnubin', not | |
275 `/usr/local/bin'. | |
276 | |
277 Here is a complete list of the variables you may want to set. | |
278 | |
279 `bindir' indicates where to put executable programs that users can | |
280 run. This defaults to /usr/local/bin. | |
281 | |
282 `datadir' indicates where to put the architecture-independent | |
283 read-only data files that Emacs refers to while it runs; it | |
9499 | 284 defaults to /usr/local/share. We create the following |
3199 | 285 subdirectories under `datadir': |
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286 - `emacs/VERSION/lisp', containing the Emacs Lisp library, and |
3199 | 287 - `emacs/VERSION/etc', containing the Emacs tutorial, the DOC |
288 file, and the `yow' database. | |
289 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing, | |
290 like `18.59' or `19.0'. Since these files vary from one version | |
291 of Emacs to another, including the version number in the path | |
292 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed at the | |
293 same time; this means that you don't have to make Emacs | |
294 unavailable while installing a new version. | |
295 | |
9499 | 296 `sharedstatedir' indicates where to put architecture-independent data files |
3199 | 297 that Emacs modifies while it runs; it defaults to |
9499 | 298 /usr/local/com. We create the following |
299 subdirectories under `sharedstatedir': | |
3199 | 300 - `emacs/lock', containing files indicating who is editing |
301 what, so Emacs can detect editing clashes between | |
302 users. | |
303 | |
9499 | 304 `libexecdir' indicates where to put architecture-specific data files that |
305 Emacs refers to as it runs; it defaults to `/usr/local/libexec'. | |
306 We create the following subdirectories under `libexecdir': | |
3199 | 307 - `emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME', containing executable |
308 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to run | |
309 themselves. | |
310 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing, | |
311 and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument you gave to the | |
312 `configure' program to identify the architecture and operating | |
313 system of your machine, like `mips-dec-ultrix' or | |
314 `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since these files are specific to the version | |
315 of Emacs, operating system, and architecture in use, including | |
316 the configuration name in the path allows you to have several | |
317 versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and operating systems | |
318 installed at the same time; this is useful for sites at which | |
319 different kinds of machines share the file system Emacs is | |
320 installed on. | |
321 | |
322 `infodir' indicates where to put the info files distributed with | |
323 Emacs; it defaults to `/usr/local/info'. | |
324 | |
325 `mandir' indicates where to put the man pages for Emacs and its | |
326 utilities (like `etags'); it defaults to | |
327 `/usr/local/man/man1'. | |
328 | |
329 `manext' gives the extension the man pages should be installed with. | |
330 It should contain a period, followed by the appropriate | |
331 digit. It defaults to `.1'. For example given the default | |
332 values for `mandir' and `manext', the Emacs man page would be | |
333 installed as `/usr/local/man/man1/emacs.1'. | |
334 | |
335 `prefix' doesn't give a path for any specific part of Emacs; instead, | |
336 its value is used to determine the defaults for all the | |
337 architecture-independent path variables - `datadir', | |
9499 | 338 `sharedstatedir', `infodir', and `mandir'. Its default value is |
3199 | 339 `/usr/local'; the other variables add on `lib' or `man' to it |
340 by default. | |
341 | |
342 For example, suppose your site generally places GNU software | |
343 under `/usr/users/software/gnusoft' instead of `/usr/local'. | |
344 By including | |
345 `prefix=/usr/users/software/gnusoft' | |
346 in the arguments to `make', you can instruct the build process | |
347 to place all of the Emacs data files in the appropriate | |
348 directories under that path. | |
349 | |
350 `exec_prefix' serves the same purpose as `prefix', but instead | |
351 determines the default values for the architecture-dependent | |
9499 | 352 path variables - `bindir' and `libexecdir'. |
3199 | 353 |
354 The above variables serve analogous purposes in the makefiles for all | |
355 GNU software; here are some variables specific to Emacs. | |
356 | |
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357 `lispdir' indicates where Emacs installs and expects its Lisp library. |
12620 | 358 Its default value, based on `datadir' (see above), is |
359 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp' (where `VERSION' is as | |
3199 | 360 described above). |
361 | |
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362 `locallisppath' indicates where Emacs should search for Lisp files |
3199 | 363 specific to your site. It should be a colon-separated list of |
364 directories; Emacs checks them in order before checking | |
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365 `lispdir'. Its default value, based on `datadir' (see above), is |
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366 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp:/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp'. |
3199 | 367 |
368 `lisppath' is the complete list of directories Emacs should search for | |
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369 its Lisp files; its default value is the concatenation of |
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370 `locallisppath' and `lispdir'. It should be a colon-separated |
3199 | 371 list of directories; Emacs checks them in the order they |
372 appear. | |
373 | |
374 `etcdir' indicates where Emacs should install and expect the rest of | |
375 its architecture-independent data, like the tutorial, DOC | |
376 file, and yow database. Its default value, based on `datadir' | |
12620 | 377 (which see), is `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/etc'. |
3199 | 378 |
379 `lockdir' indicates the directory where Emacs keeps track of its | |
12620 | 380 locking information. Its default value, based on |
381 `sharedstatedir' (which see), is `/usr/local/com/emacs/lock'. | |
3199 | 382 |
12620 | 383 `archlibdir' indicates where Emacs installs and expects the executable |
384 files and other architecture-dependent data it uses while | |
385 running. Its default value, based on `libexecdir' (which | |
386 see), is `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME' | |
3199 | 387 (where VERSION and CONFIGURATION-NAME are as described above). |
388 | |
389 Remember that you must specify any variable values you need each time | |
390 you run `make' in the top directory. If you run `make' once to build | |
391 emacs, test it, and then run `make' again to install the files, you | |
392 must provide the same variable settings each time. To make the | |
393 settings persist, you can edit them into the `Makefile' in the top | |
394 directory, but be aware that running the `configure' program erases | |
395 `Makefile' and rebuilds it from `Makefile.in'. | |
396 | |
397 The top-level Makefile stores the variable settings it used in the | |
398 Makefiles for the subdirectories, so you don't have to specify them | |
399 when running make in the subdirectories. | |
400 | |
401 | |
402 CONFIGURATION BY HAND | |
403 | |
7864 | 404 Instead of running the `configure' program, you have to perform the |
405 following steps. | |
3199 | 406 |
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407 1) Copy `./src/config.in' to `./src/config.h'. |
3199 | 408 |
409 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should | |
410 use for your system. Look at the code of the `configure' script to | |
411 see which operating system and architecture description files from | |
412 `src/s' and `src/m' should be used for that configuration name. Edit | |
413 `src/config.h', and change the two `#include' directives to include | |
414 the appropriate system and architecture description files. | |
415 | |
416 2) Edit `./src/config.h' to set the right options for your system. If | |
417 you need to override any of the definitions in the s/*.h and m/*.h | |
418 files for your system and machine, do so by editing config.h, not by | |
419 changing the s/*.h and m/*.h files. Occasionally you may need to | |
420 redefine parameters used in `./lib-src/movemail.c'. | |
421 | |
7864 | 422 3) Create src/Makefile and lib-src/Makefile from the corresponding |
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423 `Makefile.in' files. First copy `Makefile.in' to `Makefile.c', |
14020 | 424 then edit in appropriate substitutions for the @...@ constructs, |
7864 | 425 and then copy the shell commands near the end of `configure' |
426 that run cpp to construct `Makefile'. | |
3199 | 427 |
7864 | 428 4) Create `Makefile' files in various other directories |
429 from the corresponding `Makefile.in' files. This isn't so hard, | |
430 just a matter of substitution. | |
3199 | 431 |
432 The `configure' script is built from `configure.in' by the `autoconf' | |
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433 program. You need version 2.0 or newer of `autoconf' to rebuild `configure'. |
3199 | 434 |
435 BUILDING GNU EMACS BY HAND | |
436 | |
9507 | 437 Once Emacs is configured, running `make' in the top directory performs |
438 the following steps. | |
3199 | 439 |
440 1) Run `make src/paths.h' in the top directory. This produces | |
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441 `./src/paths.h' from the template file `./src/paths.in', changing |
3199 | 442 the paths to the values specified in `./Makefile'. |
443 | |
7864 | 444 2) Go to directory `./lib-src' and run `make'. This creates |
445 executables named `ctags' and `etags' and `wakeup' and `make-docfile' | |
446 and `digest-doc' and `test-distrib'. And others. | |
3199 | 447 |
7864 | 448 3) Go to directory `./src' and Run `make'. This refers to files in |
449 the `./lisp' and `./lib-src' subdirectories using names `../lisp' and | |
3199 | 450 `../lib-src'. |
451 | |
452 This creates a file `./src/emacs' which is the runnable Emacs, | |
7864 | 453 which has another name that contains a version number. |
454 Each time you do this, that version number increments in the last place. | |
3199 | 455 |
456 It also creates a file in `./etc' whose name is `DOC' followed by the | |
457 current Emacs version. This file contains documentation strings for | |
458 all the functions in Emacs. Each time you run make to make a new | |
459 emacs, a new DOC file with a new name is made. You must keep the DOC | |
460 file for an Emacs version as long as you keep using that Emacs | |
461 version. | |
462 | |
463 | |
464 INSTALLATION BY HAND | |
465 | |
9507 | 466 The steps below are done by running `make install' in the main |
467 directory of the Emacs distribution. | |
3199 | 468 |
469 1) Copy `./lisp' and its subdirectories, `./etc', and the executables | |
470 in `./lib-src' to their final destinations, as selected in `./src/paths.h'. | |
471 | |
472 Strictly speaking, not all of the executables in `./lib-src' need be copied. | |
7627 | 473 - The programs `cvtmail', `emacsserver', `fakemail', `hexl', |
7864 | 474 `movemail', `profile', `rcs2log', `timer', `vcdiff', `wakeup', |
475 and `yow' are used by Emacs; they do need to be copied. | |
476 - The programs `etags', `ctags', `emacsclient', `b2m', and `rcs-checkin' | |
3199 | 477 are intended to be run by users; they are handled below. |
9498 | 478 - The programs `make-docfile' and `test-distrib' were |
3199 | 479 used in building Emacs, and are not needed any more. |
480 - The programs `digest-doc' and `sorted-doc' convert a `DOC' file into | |
481 a file for users to read. There is no important reason to move them. | |
482 | |
483 2) Copy the files in `./info' to the place specified in | |
484 `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/paths.el'. Note that if the | |
485 destination directory already contains a file named `dir', you | |
486 probably don't want to replace it with the `dir' file in the Emacs | |
487 distribution. Instead, you should make sure that the existing `dir' | |
488 file contains an appropriate menu entry for the Emacs info. | |
489 | |
490 3) Create a directory for Emacs to use for clash detection, named as | |
491 indicated by the PATH_LOCK macro in `./src/paths.h'. | |
492 | |
493 4) Copy `./src/emacs' to `/usr/local/bin', or to some other directory | |
494 in users' search paths. `./src/emacs' has an alternate name | |
495 `./src/emacs-EMACSVERSION'; you may wish to make a symbolic link named | |
496 `/usr/local/bin/emacs' pointing to that alternate name, as an easy way | |
497 of installing different versions. | |
498 | |
499 You can delete `./src/temacs'. | |
500 | |
501 5) Copy the programs `b2m', `emacsclient', `ctags', `etags', and | |
7864 | 502 `rcs-checkin' from `./lib-src' to `/usr/local/bin'. These programs are |
3199 | 503 intended for users to run. |
504 | |
505 6) Copy the man pages in `./etc' for emacs, ctags, and etags into the | |
506 appropriate man directories. | |
507 | |
508 7) The files in the `./src' subdirectory, except for `emacs', are not | |
7864 | 509 used by Emacs once it is built. However, it is very desirable to keep |
510 the source on line for debugging. | |
3199 | 511 |
512 | |
513 PROBLEMS | |
514 | |
515 See the file PROBLEMS in this directory for a list of various | |
516 problems sometimes encountered, and what to do about them. | |
517 | |
518 | |
6062 | 519 Installation on MSDOG (a.k.a. MSDOS) |
520 | |
7627 | 521 To install on MSDOG, you need to have the GNU C compiler for MSDOG |
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522 (also known as djgpp), GNU Make, rm, mv, and sed. See the remarks in |
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523 config.bat for more information about locations and versions. The |
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524 file etc/FAQ includes pointers to Internet sites where you can find |
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525 the necessary utilities; search for "MS-DOS". The configuration step |
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526 (see below) will test for these utilities and will refuse to continue |
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527 if any of them isn't found. |
6062 | 528 |
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529 If you are building the MSDOG version of Emacs on an MSDOG-like system |
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530 which supports long file names (e.g. Windows 95), you need to make |
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531 sure that long file names are handled consistently both when you |
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532 unpack the distribution and compile it. If you intend to compile with |
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533 DJGPP v2.0 or later, and long file names support is enabled (LFN=y in |
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534 the environment), you need to unpack Emacs distribution in a way that |
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535 doesn't truncate the original long filenames to the DOS 8.3 namespace; |
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536 the easiest way to do this is to use djtar program which comes with |
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537 DJGPP, since it will note the LFN setting and behave accordingly. |
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538 DJGPP v1 doesn't support long filenames, so you must unpack Emacs with |
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539 a program that truncates the filenames to 8.3 naming as it extracts |
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540 files; again, using djtar after setting LFN=n is the recommended way. |
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541 You can build Emacs with LFN=n even if you use DJGPP v2, if some of |
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542 your tools don't support long file names: just ensure that LFN is set |
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543 to `n' during both unpacking and compiling. |
15017 | 544 |
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545 (By the time you read this, you have already unpacked the Emacs |
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546 distribution, but if the explanations above imply that you should have |
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547 done it differently, it's safer to delete the directory tree created |
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548 by the unpacking program and unpack Emacs again, than to risk running |
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549 into problems during the build process.) |
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550 |
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551 It is important to understand that the runtime support of long file |
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552 names by the Emacs binary is NOT affected by the LFN setting during |
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553 compilation; Emacs compiled with DJGPP v2.0 or later will always |
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554 support long file names on Windows 95 no matter what was the setting |
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555 of LFN at compile time. However, if you compiled with LFN disabled |
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556 and want to enable LFN support after Emacs was already built, you need |
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557 to make sure that the support files in the lisp, etc and info |
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558 directories are called by their original long names as found in the |
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559 distribution. You can do this either by renaming the files manually, |
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560 or by extracting them from the original distribution archive with |
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561 djtar after you set LFN=y in the environment. |
15017 | 562 |
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563 To unpack Emacs with djtar, type this command: |
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Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
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564 |
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Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
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565 djtar -x emacs.tgz |
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566 |
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567 (This assumes that the Emacs distribution is called `emacs.tgz' on |
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Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
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568 your system.) There are a few files in the archive whose names |
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569 collide with other files under the 8.3 DOS naming. On native MSDOS, |
15828 | 570 or if you have set LFN=n on Windows 95, djtar will ask you to supply |
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571 alternate names for these files; you can just press `Enter' when this |
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572 happens (which makes djtar skip these files) because they aren't |
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573 required for MS-DOS. |
12343 | 574 |
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575 When unpacking is done, a directory called `emacs-XX.YY' will be |
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576 created, where XX.YY is the Emacs version. To build and install |
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577 Emacs, chdir to that directory and type these commands: |
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578 |
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579 config msdos |
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580 make install |
6062 | 581 |
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582 Building Emacs creates executable files in the src and lib-src |
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583 directories. Installing Emacs on MSDOS moves these executables to a |
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584 sibling directory called bin. For example, if you build in directory |
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585 /emacs, installing moves the executables from /emacs/src and |
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586 /emacs/lib-src to the directory /emacs/bin, so you can then delete the |
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587 subdirectories /emacs/src and /emacs/lib-src if you wish. The only |
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588 subdirectories you need to keep are bin, lisp, etc and info. The bin |
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589 subdirectory should be added to your PATH. The msdos subdirectory |
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590 includes a PIF and an icon file for Emacs which you might find useful |
66a9ef0892a2
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591 if you run Emacs under MS Windows. |
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592 |
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593 Emacs on MSDOS finds the lisp, etc and info directories by looking in |
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594 ../lisp, ../etc and ../info, starting from the directory where the |
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595 Emacs executable was run from. You can override this by setting the |
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596 environment variable HOME; if you do that, the directories lisp, etc |
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597 and info are accessed as subdirectories of the HOME directory. |
6062 | 598 |
7627 | 599 MSDOG is a not a multitasking operating system, so Emacs features such |
600 as asynchronous subprocesses that depend on multitasking will not | |
601 work. Synchronous subprocesses do work. | |
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602 |
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603 The current version of djgpp 2.0 (as of August 1996) has two bugs that |
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604 affect Emacs. We've included corrected versions of two files from |
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605 djgpp in the msdos subdirectory: is_exec.c and sigaction.c. To work |
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606 around the bugs, compile these files and link them into temacs. The |
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607 next version of djgpp should have these bugs fixed. |