Mercurial > emacs
annotate lispref/display.texi @ 76891:b219eac092dd
(Info-fontify-maximum-menu-size): Revert to 100000.
author | Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com> |
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date | Mon, 02 Apr 2007 04:28:45 +0000 |
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64174 | 1 @c -*-texinfo-*- |
6598 | 2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. |
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, |
75348 | 4 @c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
6598 | 5 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions. |
6 @setfilename ../info/display | |
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7 @node Display, System Interface, Processes, Top |
6598 | 8 @chapter Emacs Display |
9 | |
10 This chapter describes a number of features related to the display | |
11 that Emacs presents to the user. | |
12 | |
13 @menu | |
14 * Refresh Screen:: Clearing the screen and redrawing everything on it. | |
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15 * Forcing Redisplay:: Forcing redisplay. |
6598 | 16 * Truncation:: Folding or wrapping long text lines. |
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17 * The Echo Area:: Displaying messages at the bottom of the screen. |
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18 * Warnings:: Displaying warning messages for the user. |
12067 | 19 * Invisible Text:: Hiding part of the buffer text. |
20 * Selective Display:: Hiding part of the buffer text (the old way). | |
6598 | 21 * Temporary Displays:: Displays that go away automatically. |
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22 * Overlays:: Use overlays to highlight parts of the buffer. |
25875 | 23 * Width:: How wide a character or string is on the screen. |
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24 * Line Height:: Controlling the height of lines. |
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25 * Faces:: A face defines a graphics style for text characters: |
25875 | 26 font, colors, etc. |
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27 * Fringes:: Controlling window fringes. |
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28 * Scroll Bars:: Controlling vertical scroll bars. |
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29 * Display Property:: Enabling special display features. |
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30 * Images:: Displaying images in Emacs buffers. |
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31 * Buttons:: Adding clickable buttons to Emacs buffers. |
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32 * Abstract Display:: Emacs' Widget for Object Collections. |
6598 | 33 * Blinking:: How Emacs shows the matching open parenthesis. |
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34 * Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying nonprinting chars. |
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35 * Display Tables:: How to specify other conventions. |
6598 | 36 * Beeping:: Audible signal to the user. |
37 * Window Systems:: Which window system is being used. | |
38 @end menu | |
39 | |
40 @node Refresh Screen | |
41 @section Refreshing the Screen | |
42 | |
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43 The function @code{redraw-frame} clears and redisplays the entire |
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44 contents of a given frame (@pxref{Frames}). This is useful if the |
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45 screen is corrupted. |
6598 | 46 |
47 @c Emacs 19 feature | |
48 @defun redraw-frame frame | |
49 This function clears and redisplays frame @var{frame}. | |
50 @end defun | |
51 | |
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52 Even more powerful is @code{redraw-display}: |
6598 | 53 |
54 @deffn Command redraw-display | |
55 This function clears and redisplays all visible frames. | |
56 @end deffn | |
57 | |
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58 This function calls for redisplay of certain windows, the next time |
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59 redisplay is done, but does not clear them first. |
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60 |
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61 @defun force-window-update &optional object |
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62 This function forces some or all windows to be updated on next redisplay. |
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63 If @var{object} is a window, it forces redisplay of that window. If |
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64 @var{object} is a buffer or buffer name, it forces redisplay of all |
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65 windows displaying that buffer. If @var{object} is @code{nil} (or |
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66 omitted), it forces redisplay of all windows. |
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67 @end defun |
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68 |
12098 | 69 Processing user input takes absolute priority over redisplay. If you |
70 call these functions when input is available, they do nothing | |
71 immediately, but a full redisplay does happen eventually---after all the | |
72 input has been processed. | |
73 | |
6598 | 74 Normally, suspending and resuming Emacs also refreshes the screen. |
75 Some terminal emulators record separate contents for display-oriented | |
76 programs such as Emacs and for ordinary sequential display. If you are | |
77 using such a terminal, you might want to inhibit the redisplay on | |
9009 | 78 resumption. |
6598 | 79 |
80 @defvar no-redraw-on-reenter | |
81 @cindex suspend (cf. @code{no-redraw-on-reenter}) | |
82 @cindex resume (cf. @code{no-redraw-on-reenter}) | |
83 This variable controls whether Emacs redraws the entire screen after it | |
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84 has been suspended and resumed. Non-@code{nil} means there is no need |
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85 to redraw, @code{nil} means redrawing is needed. The default is @code{nil}. |
6598 | 86 @end defvar |
87 | |
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88 @node Forcing Redisplay |
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89 @section Forcing Redisplay |
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90 @cindex forcing redisplay |
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91 |
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92 Emacs redisplay normally stops if input arrives, and does not happen |
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93 at all if input is available before it starts. Most of the time, this |
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94 is exactly what you want. However, you can prevent preemption by |
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95 binding @code{redisplay-dont-pause} to a non-@code{nil} value. |
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96 |
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97 @defvar redisplay-preemption-period |
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98 This variable specifies how many seconds Emacs waits between checks |
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99 for new input during redisplay. (The default is 0.1 seconds.) If |
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100 input has arrived when Emacs checks, it pre-empts redisplay and |
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101 processes the available input before trying again to redisplay. |
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102 |
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103 If this variable is @code{nil}, Emacs does not check for input during |
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104 redisplay, and redisplay cannot be preempted by input. |
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105 |
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106 This variable is only obeyed on graphical terminals. For |
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107 text terminals, see @ref{Terminal Output}. |
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108 @end defvar |
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109 |
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110 @defvar redisplay-dont-pause |
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111 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, pending input does not |
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112 prevent or halt redisplay; redisplay occurs, and finishes, |
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113 regardless of whether input is available. |
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114 @end defvar |
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115 |
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116 @defun redisplay &optional force |
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117 This function performs an immediate redisplay provided there are no |
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118 pending input events. This is equivalent to @code{(sit-for 0)}. |
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119 |
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120 If the optional argument @var{force} is non-@code{nil}, it forces an |
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121 immediate and complete redisplay even if input is available. |
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122 |
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123 Returns @code{t} if redisplay was performed, or @code{nil} otherwise. |
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124 @end defun |
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125 |
6598 | 126 @node Truncation |
127 @section Truncation | |
128 @cindex line wrapping | |
76841 | 129 @cindex line truncation |
6598 | 130 @cindex continuation lines |
131 @cindex @samp{$} in display | |
132 @cindex @samp{\} in display | |
133 | |
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134 When a line of text extends beyond the right edge of a window, Emacs |
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135 can @dfn{continue} the line (make it ``wrap'' to the next screen |
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136 line), or @dfn{truncate} the line (limit it to one screen line). The |
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137 additional screen lines used to display a long text line are called |
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138 @dfn{continuation} lines. Continuation is not the same as filling; |
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139 continuation happens on the screen only, not in the buffer contents, |
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140 and it breaks a line precisely at the right margin, not at a word |
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141 boundary. @xref{Filling}. |
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142 |
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143 On a graphical display, tiny arrow images in the window fringes |
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144 indicate truncated and continued lines (@pxref{Fringes}). On a text |
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145 terminal, a @samp{$} in the rightmost column of the window indicates |
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146 truncation; a @samp{\} on the rightmost column indicates a line that |
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147 ``wraps.'' (The display table can specify alternate characters to use |
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148 for this; @pxref{Display Tables}). |
6598 | 149 |
150 @defopt truncate-lines | |
151 This buffer-local variable controls how Emacs displays lines that extend | |
152 beyond the right edge of the window. The default is @code{nil}, which | |
153 specifies continuation. If the value is non-@code{nil}, then these | |
154 lines are truncated. | |
155 | |
156 If the variable @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} is non-@code{nil}, | |
157 then truncation is always used for side-by-side windows (within one | |
158 frame) regardless of the value of @code{truncate-lines}. | |
159 @end defopt | |
160 | |
12098 | 161 @defopt default-truncate-lines |
6598 | 162 This variable is the default value for @code{truncate-lines}, for |
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163 buffers that do not have buffer-local values for it. |
12098 | 164 @end defopt |
6598 | 165 |
166 @defopt truncate-partial-width-windows | |
167 This variable controls display of lines that extend beyond the right | |
168 edge of the window, in side-by-side windows (@pxref{Splitting Windows}). | |
169 If it is non-@code{nil}, these lines are truncated; otherwise, | |
170 @code{truncate-lines} says what to do with them. | |
171 @end defopt | |
172 | |
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173 When horizontal scrolling (@pxref{Horizontal Scrolling}) is in use in |
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174 a window, that forces truncation. |
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175 |
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176 If your buffer contains @emph{very} long lines, and you use |
12067 | 177 continuation to display them, just thinking about them can make Emacs |
12098 | 178 redisplay slow. The column computation and indentation functions also |
179 become slow. Then you might find it advisable to set | |
180 @code{cache-long-line-scans} to @code{t}. | |
12067 | 181 |
182 @defvar cache-long-line-scans | |
183 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, various indentation and motion | |
12098 | 184 functions, and Emacs redisplay, cache the results of scanning the |
185 buffer, and consult the cache to avoid rescanning regions of the buffer | |
186 unless they are modified. | |
12067 | 187 |
12098 | 188 Turning on the cache slows down processing of short lines somewhat. |
12067 | 189 |
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190 This variable is automatically buffer-local in every buffer. |
12067 | 191 @end defvar |
192 | |
6598 | 193 @node The Echo Area |
194 @section The Echo Area | |
195 @cindex error display | |
196 @cindex echo area | |
197 | |
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198 The @dfn{echo area} is used for displaying error messages |
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199 (@pxref{Errors}), for messages made with the @code{message} primitive, |
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200 and for echoing keystrokes. It is not the same as the minibuffer, |
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201 despite the fact that the minibuffer appears (when active) in the same |
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202 place on the screen as the echo area. The @cite{GNU Emacs Manual} |
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203 specifies the rules for resolving conflicts between the echo area and |
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204 the minibuffer for use of that screen space (@pxref{Minibuffer,, The |
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205 Minibuffer, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
6598 | 206 |
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207 You can write output in the echo area by using the Lisp printing |
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208 functions with @code{t} as the stream (@pxref{Output Functions}), or |
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209 explicitly. |
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210 |
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211 @menu |
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212 * Displaying Messages:: Explicitly displaying text in the echo area. |
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213 * Progress:: Informing user about progress of a long operation. |
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214 * Logging Messages:: Echo area messages are logged for the user. |
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215 * Echo Area Customization:: Controlling the echo area. |
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216 @end menu |
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217 |
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218 @node Displaying Messages |
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219 @subsection Displaying Messages in the Echo Area |
76841 | 220 @cindex display message in echo area |
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221 |
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222 This section describes the functions for explicitly producing echo |
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223 area messages. Many other Emacs features display messages there, too. |
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225 @defun message format-string &rest arguments |
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226 This function displays a message in the echo area. The argument |
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227 @var{format-string} is similar to a C language @code{printf} format |
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228 string. See @code{format} in @ref{Formatting Strings}, for the details |
6598 | 229 on the conversion specifications. @code{message} returns the |
230 constructed string. | |
231 | |
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232 In batch mode, @code{message} prints the message text on the standard |
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233 error stream, followed by a newline. |
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234 |
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235 If @var{format-string}, or strings among the @var{arguments}, have |
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236 @code{face} text properties, these affect the way the message is displayed. |
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237 |
6598 | 238 @c Emacs 19 feature |
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239 If @var{format-string} is @code{nil} or the empty string, |
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240 @code{message} clears the echo area; if the echo area has been |
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241 expanded automatically, this brings it back to its normal size. |
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242 If the minibuffer is active, this brings the minibuffer contents back |
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243 onto the screen immediately. |
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244 |
6598 | 245 @example |
246 @group | |
247 (message "Minibuffer depth is %d." | |
248 (minibuffer-depth)) | |
249 @print{} Minibuffer depth is 0. | |
250 @result{} "Minibuffer depth is 0." | |
251 @end group | |
252 | |
253 @group | |
254 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
255 Minibuffer depth is 0. | |
256 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
257 @end group | |
258 @end example | |
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259 |
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260 To automatically display a message in the echo area or in a pop-buffer, |
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261 depending on its size, use @code{display-message-or-buffer} (see below). |
6598 | 262 @end defun |
263 | |
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264 @defmac with-temp-message message &rest body |
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265 This construct displays a message in the echo area temporarily, during |
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266 the execution of @var{body}. It displays @var{message}, executes |
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267 @var{body}, then returns the value of the last body form while restoring |
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268 the previous echo area contents. |
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269 @end defmac |
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270 |
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271 @defun message-or-box format-string &rest arguments |
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272 This function displays a message like @code{message}, but may display it |
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273 in a dialog box instead of the echo area. If this function is called in |
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274 a command that was invoked using the mouse---more precisely, if |
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275 @code{last-nonmenu-event} (@pxref{Command Loop Info}) is either |
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276 @code{nil} or a list---then it uses a dialog box or pop-up menu to |
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277 display the message. Otherwise, it uses the echo area. (This is the |
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278 same criterion that @code{y-or-n-p} uses to make a similar decision; see |
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279 @ref{Yes-or-No Queries}.) |
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280 |
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281 You can force use of the mouse or of the echo area by binding |
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282 @code{last-nonmenu-event} to a suitable value around the call. |
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283 @end defun |
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284 |
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285 @defun message-box format-string &rest arguments |
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286 @anchor{message-box} |
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287 This function displays a message like @code{message}, but uses a dialog |
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288 box (or a pop-up menu) whenever that is possible. If it is impossible |
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289 to use a dialog box or pop-up menu, because the terminal does not |
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290 support them, then @code{message-box} uses the echo area, like |
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291 @code{message}. |
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292 @end defun |
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293 |
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294 @defun display-message-or-buffer message &optional buffer-name not-this-window frame |
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295 This function displays the message @var{message}, which may be either a |
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296 string or a buffer. If it is shorter than the maximum height of the |
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297 echo area, as defined by @code{max-mini-window-height}, it is displayed |
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298 in the echo area, using @code{message}. Otherwise, |
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299 @code{display-buffer} is used to show it in a pop-up buffer. |
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300 |
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301 Returns either the string shown in the echo area, or when a pop-up |
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302 buffer is used, the window used to display it. |
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303 |
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304 If @var{message} is a string, then the optional argument |
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305 @var{buffer-name} is the name of the buffer used to display it when a |
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306 pop-up buffer is used, defaulting to @samp{*Message*}. In the case |
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307 where @var{message} is a string and displayed in the echo area, it is |
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308 not specified whether the contents are inserted into the buffer anyway. |
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309 |
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310 The optional arguments @var{not-this-window} and @var{frame} are as for |
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311 @code{display-buffer}, and only used if a buffer is displayed. |
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312 @end defun |
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313 |
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314 @defun current-message |
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315 This function returns the message currently being displayed in the |
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316 echo area, or @code{nil} if there is none. |
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317 @end defun |
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318 |
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319 @node Progress |
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320 @subsection Reporting Operation Progress |
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321 @cindex progress reporting |
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322 |
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323 When an operation can take a while to finish, you should inform the |
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324 user about the progress it makes. This way the user can estimate |
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325 remaining time and clearly see that Emacs is busy working, not hung. |
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326 |
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327 Functions listed in this section provide simple and efficient way of |
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328 reporting operation progress. Here is a working example that does |
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329 nothing useful: |
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330 |
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331 @smallexample |
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332 (let ((progress-reporter |
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333 (make-progress-reporter "Collecting mana for Emacs..." |
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334 0 500))) |
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335 (dotimes (k 500) |
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336 (sit-for 0.01) |
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337 (progress-reporter-update progress-reporter k)) |
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338 (progress-reporter-done progress-reporter)) |
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339 @end smallexample |
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340 |
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341 @defun make-progress-reporter message min-value max-value &optional current-value min-change min-time |
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342 This function creates and returns a @dfn{progress reporter}---an |
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343 object you will use as an argument for all other functions listed |
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344 here. The idea is to precompute as much data as possible to make |
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345 progress reporting very fast. |
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346 |
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347 When this progress reporter is subsequently used, it will display |
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348 @var{message} in the echo area, followed by progress percentage. |
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349 @var{message} is treated as a simple string. If you need it to depend |
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350 on a filename, for instance, use @code{format} before calling this |
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351 function. |
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352 |
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353 @var{min-value} and @var{max-value} arguments stand for starting and |
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354 final states of your operation. For instance, if you scan a buffer, |
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355 they should be the results of @code{point-min} and @code{point-max} |
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356 correspondingly. It is required that @var{max-value} is greater than |
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357 @var{min-value}. If you create progress reporter when some part of |
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358 the operation has already been completed, then specify |
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359 @var{current-value} argument. But normally you should omit it or set |
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360 it to @code{nil}---it will default to @var{min-value} then. |
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361 |
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362 Remaining arguments control the rate of echo area updates. Progress |
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363 reporter will wait for at least @var{min-change} more percents of the |
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364 operation to be completed before printing next message. |
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365 @var{min-time} specifies the minimum time in seconds to pass between |
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366 successive prints. It can be fractional. Depending on Emacs and |
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367 system capabilities, progress reporter may or may not respect this |
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368 last argument or do it with varying precision. Default value for |
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369 @var{min-change} is 1 (one percent), for @var{min-time}---0.2 |
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370 (seconds.) |
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371 |
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372 This function calls @code{progress-reporter-update}, so the first |
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373 message is printed immediately. |
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374 @end defun |
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375 |
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376 @defun progress-reporter-update reporter value |
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377 This function does the main work of reporting progress of your |
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378 operation. It displays the message of @var{reporter}, followed by |
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379 progress percentage determined by @var{value}. If percentage is zero, |
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380 or close enough according to the @var{min-change} and @var{min-time} |
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381 arguments, then it is omitted from the output. |
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382 |
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383 @var{reporter} must be the result of a call to |
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384 @code{make-progress-reporter}. @var{value} specifies the current |
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385 state of your operation and must be between @var{min-value} and |
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386 @var{max-value} (inclusive) as passed to |
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387 @code{make-progress-reporter}. For instance, if you scan a buffer, |
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388 then @var{value} should be the result of a call to @code{point}. |
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389 |
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390 This function respects @var{min-change} and @var{min-time} as passed |
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391 to @code{make-progress-reporter} and so does not output new messages |
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392 on every invocation. It is thus very fast and normally you should not |
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393 try to reduce the number of calls to it: resulting overhead will most |
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394 likely negate your effort. |
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395 @end defun |
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396 |
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397 @defun progress-reporter-force-update reporter value &optional new-message |
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398 This function is similar to @code{progress-reporter-update} except |
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399 that it prints a message in the echo area unconditionally. |
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400 |
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401 The first two arguments have the same meaning as for |
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402 @code{progress-reporter-update}. Optional @var{new-message} allows |
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403 you to change the message of the @var{reporter}. Since this functions |
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404 always updates the echo area, such a change will be immediately |
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405 presented to the user. |
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406 @end defun |
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407 |
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408 @defun progress-reporter-done reporter |
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409 This function should be called when the operation is finished. It |
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410 prints the message of @var{reporter} followed by word ``done'' in the |
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411 echo area. |
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412 |
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413 You should always call this function and not hope for |
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414 @code{progress-reporter-update} to print ``100%.'' Firstly, it may |
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415 never print it, there are many good reasons for this not to happen. |
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416 Secondly, ``done'' is more explicit. |
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417 @end defun |
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418 |
66143 | 419 @defmac dotimes-with-progress-reporter (var count [result]) message body@dots{} |
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420 This is a convenience macro that works the same way as @code{dotimes} |
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421 does, but also reports loop progress using the functions described |
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422 above. It allows you to save some typing. |
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423 |
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424 You can rewrite the example in the beginning of this node using |
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425 this macro this way: |
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426 |
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427 @example |
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428 (dotimes-with-progress-reporter |
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429 (k 500) |
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430 "Collecting some mana for Emacs..." |
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431 (sit-for 0.01)) |
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432 @end example |
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433 @end defmac |
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434 |
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435 @node Logging Messages |
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436 @subsection Logging Messages in @samp{*Messages*} |
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437 @cindex logging echo-area messages |
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438 |
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439 Almost all the messages displayed in the echo area are also recorded |
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440 in the @samp{*Messages*} buffer so that the user can refer back to |
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441 them. This includes all the messages that are output with |
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442 @code{message}. |
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443 |
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444 @defopt message-log-max |
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445 This variable specifies how many lines to keep in the @samp{*Messages*} |
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446 buffer. The value @code{t} means there is no limit on how many lines to |
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447 keep. The value @code{nil} disables message logging entirely. Here's |
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448 how to display a message and prevent it from being logged: |
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449 |
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450 @example |
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451 (let (message-log-max) |
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452 (message @dots{})) |
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453 @end example |
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454 @end defopt |
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455 |
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456 To make @samp{*Messages*} more convenient for the user, the logging |
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457 facility combines successive identical messages. It also combines |
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458 successive related messages for the sake of two cases: question |
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459 followed by answer, and a series of progress messages. |
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460 |
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461 A ``question followed by an answer'' means two messages like the |
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462 ones produced by @code{y-or-n-p}: the first is @samp{@var{question}}, |
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463 and the second is @samp{@var{question}...@var{answer}}. The first |
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464 message conveys no additional information beyond what's in the second, |
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465 so logging the second message discards the first from the log. |
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466 |
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467 A ``series of progress messages'' means successive messages like |
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468 those produced by @code{make-progress-reporter}. They have the form |
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469 @samp{@var{base}...@var{how-far}}, where @var{base} is the same each |
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470 time, while @var{how-far} varies. Logging each message in the series |
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471 discards the previous one, provided they are consecutive. |
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472 |
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473 The functions @code{make-progress-reporter} and @code{y-or-n-p} |
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474 don't have to do anything special to activate the message log |
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475 combination feature. It operates whenever two consecutive messages |
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476 are logged that share a common prefix ending in @samp{...}. |
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477 |
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478 @node Echo Area Customization |
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479 @subsection Echo Area Customization |
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480 |
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481 These variables control details of how the echo area works. |
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482 |
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483 @defvar cursor-in-echo-area |
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484 This variable controls where the cursor appears when a message is |
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485 displayed in the echo area. If it is non-@code{nil}, then the cursor |
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486 appears at the end of the message. Otherwise, the cursor appears at |
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487 point---not in the echo area at all. |
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488 |
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489 The value is normally @code{nil}; Lisp programs bind it to @code{t} |
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490 for brief periods of time. |
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491 @end defvar |
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492 |
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493 @defvar echo-area-clear-hook |
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494 This normal hook is run whenever the echo area is cleared---either by |
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495 @code{(message nil)} or for any other reason. |
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496 @end defvar |
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497 |
12098 | 498 @defvar echo-keystrokes |
499 This variable determines how much time should elapse before command | |
27971 | 500 characters echo. Its value must be an integer or floating point number, |
501 which specifies the | |
12098 | 502 number of seconds to wait before echoing. If the user types a prefix |
503 key (such as @kbd{C-x}) and then delays this many seconds before | |
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504 continuing, the prefix key is echoed in the echo area. (Once echoing |
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505 begins in a key sequence, all subsequent characters in the same key |
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506 sequence are echoed immediately.) |
12098 | 507 |
508 If the value is zero, then command input is not echoed. | |
509 @end defvar | |
510 | |
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511 @defvar message-truncate-lines |
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512 Normally, displaying a long message resizes the echo area to display |
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513 the entire message. But if the variable @code{message-truncate-lines} |
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514 is non-@code{nil}, the echo area does not resize, and the message is |
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515 truncated to fit it, as in Emacs 20 and before. |
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516 @end defvar |
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517 |
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518 The variable @code{max-mini-window-height}, which specifies the |
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519 maximum height for resizing minibuffer windows, also applies to the |
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520 echo area (which is really a special use of the minibuffer window. |
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521 @xref{Minibuffer Misc}. |
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522 |
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523 @node Warnings |
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524 @section Reporting Warnings |
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525 @cindex warnings |
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526 |
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527 @dfn{Warnings} are a facility for a program to inform the user of a |
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528 possible problem, but continue running. |
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529 |
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530 @menu |
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531 * Warning Basics:: Warnings concepts and functions to report them. |
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532 * Warning Variables:: Variables programs bind to customize their warnings. |
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533 * Warning Options:: Variables users set to control display of warnings. |
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534 @end menu |
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535 |
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536 @node Warning Basics |
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537 @subsection Warning Basics |
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538 @cindex severity level |
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539 |
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540 Every warning has a textual message, which explains the problem for |
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541 the user, and a @dfn{severity level} which is a symbol. Here are the |
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542 possible severity levels, in order of decreasing severity, and their |
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543 meanings: |
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544 |
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545 @table @code |
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546 @item :emergency |
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547 A problem that will seriously impair Emacs operation soon |
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548 if you do not attend to it promptly. |
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549 @item :error |
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|
550 A report of data or circumstances that are inherently wrong. |
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diff
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|
551 @item :warning |
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|
552 A report of data or circumstances that are not inherently wrong, but |
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52002
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|
553 raise suspicion of a possible problem. |
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52002
diff
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|
554 @item :debug |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
555 A report of information that may be useful if you are debugging. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
556 @end table |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
557 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
558 When your program encounters invalid input data, it can either |
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|
559 signal a Lisp error by calling @code{error} or @code{signal} or report |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
560 a warning with severity @code{:error}. Signaling a Lisp error is the |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
561 easiest thing to do, but it means the program cannot continue |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
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|
562 processing. If you want to take the trouble to implement a way to |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
563 continue processing despite the bad data, then reporting a warning of |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
564 severity @code{:error} is the right way to inform the user of the |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
565 problem. For instance, the Emacs Lisp byte compiler can report an |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
566 error that way and continue compiling other functions. (If the |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
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|
567 program signals a Lisp error and then handles it with |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
568 @code{condition-case}, the user won't see the error message; it could |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
569 show the message to the user by reporting it as a warning.) |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
570 |
52156
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John Paul Wallington <jpw@pobox.com>
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diff
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|
571 @cindex warning type |
52141
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
572 Each warning has a @dfn{warning type} to classify it. The type is a |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
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parents:
52002
diff
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|
573 list of symbols. The first symbol should be the custom group that you |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
574 use for the program's user options. For example, byte compiler |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
575 warnings use the warning type @code{(bytecomp)}. You can also |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
576 subcategorize the warnings, if you wish, by using more symbols in the |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
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|
577 list. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
578 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
579 @defun display-warning type message &optional level buffer-name |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
580 This function reports a warning, using @var{message} as the message |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
581 and @var{type} as the warning type. @var{level} should be the |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
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|
582 severity level, with @code{:warning} being the default. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
583 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
584 @var{buffer-name}, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the name of the buffer |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
585 for logging the warning. By default, it is @samp{*Warnings*}. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
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|
586 @end defun |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
587 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
588 @defun lwarn type level message &rest args |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
589 This function reports a warning using the value of @code{(format |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
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|
590 @var{message} @var{args}...)} as the message. In other respects it is |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
591 equivalent to @code{display-warning}. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
592 @end defun |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
593 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
594 @defun warn message &rest args |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
595 This function reports a warning using the value of @code{(format |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
diff
changeset
|
596 @var{message} @var{args}...)} as the message, @code{(emacs)} as the |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
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597 type, and @code{:warning} as the severity level. It exists for |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
598 compatibility only; we recommend not using it, because you should |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
599 specify a specific warning type. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
600 @end defun |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
601 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
602 @node Warning Variables |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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changeset
|
603 @subsection Warning Variables |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
604 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
605 Programs can customize how their warnings appear by binding |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
606 the variables described in this section. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
607 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
608 @defvar warning-levels |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
609 This list defines the meaning and severity order of the warning |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
610 severity levels. Each element defines one severity level, |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
diff
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|
611 and they are arranged in order of decreasing severity. |
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
612 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
613 Each element has the form @code{(@var{level} @var{string} |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
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|
614 @var{function})}, where @var{level} is the severity level it defines. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
615 @var{string} specifies the textual description of this level. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
616 @var{string} should use @samp{%s} to specify where to put the warning |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
617 type information, or it can omit the @samp{%s} so as not to include |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
618 that information. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
619 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
620 The optional @var{function}, if non-@code{nil}, is a function to call |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
621 with no arguments, to get the user's attention. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
622 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
623 Normally you should not change the value of this variable. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
624 @end defvar |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
625 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
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|
626 @defvar warning-prefix-function |
54023 | 627 If non-@code{nil}, the value is a function to generate prefix text for |
52141
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|
628 warnings. Programs can bind the variable to a suitable function. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
629 @code{display-warning} calls this function with the warnings buffer |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
630 current, and the function can insert text in it. That text becomes |
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52002
diff
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|
631 the beginning of the warning message. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
632 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
633 The function is called with two arguments, the severity level and its |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
634 entry in @code{warning-levels}. It should return a list to use as the |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
635 entry (this value need not be an actual member of |
54023 | 636 @code{warning-levels}). By constructing this value, the function can |
52141
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|
637 change the severity of the warning, or specify different handling for |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
diff
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|
638 a given severity level. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
639 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
diff
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|
640 If the variable's value is @code{nil} then there is no function |
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52002
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|
641 to call. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
642 @end defvar |
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52002
diff
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|
643 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
diff
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|
644 @defvar warning-series |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
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|
645 Programs can bind this variable to @code{t} to say that the next |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
646 warning should begin a series. When several warnings form a series, |
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parents:
52002
diff
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|
647 that means to leave point on the first warning of the series, rather |
54023 | 648 than keep moving it for each warning so that it appears on the last one. |
52141
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|
649 The series ends when the local binding is unbound and |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
650 @code{warning-series} becomes @code{nil} again. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
651 |
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52002
diff
changeset
|
652 The value can also be a symbol with a function definition. That is |
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|
653 equivalent to @code{t}, except that the next warning will also call |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
654 the function with no arguments with the warnings buffer current. The |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
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|
655 function can insert text which will serve as a header for the series |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
656 of warnings. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
657 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
658 Once a series has begun, the value is a marker which points to the |
a5d4d0a7b284
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52002
diff
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|
659 buffer position in the warnings buffer of the start of the series. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
660 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
661 The variable's normal value is @code{nil}, which means to handle |
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diff
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|
662 each warning separately. |
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diff
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|
663 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
664 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
665 @defvar warning-fill-prefix |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
666 When this variable is non-@code{nil}, it specifies a fill prefix to |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
667 use for filling each warning's text. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
668 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
669 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
670 @defvar warning-type-format |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
671 This variable specifies the format for displaying the warning type |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
672 in the warning message. The result of formatting the type this way |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
673 gets included in the message under the control of the string in the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
674 entry in @code{warning-levels}. The default value is @code{" (%s)"}. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
675 If you bind it to @code{""} then the warning type won't appear at |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
676 all. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
677 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
678 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
679 @node Warning Options |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
680 @subsection Warning Options |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
681 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
682 These variables are used by users to control what happens |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
683 when a Lisp program reports a warning. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
684 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
685 @defopt warning-minimum-level |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
686 This user option specifies the minimum severity level that should be |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
687 shown immediately to the user. The default is @code{:warning}, which |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
688 means to immediately display all warnings except @code{:debug} |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
689 warnings. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
690 @end defopt |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
691 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
692 @defopt warning-minimum-log-level |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
693 This user option specifies the minimum severity level that should be |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
694 logged in the warnings buffer. The default is @code{:warning}, which |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
695 means to log all warnings except @code{:debug} warnings. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
696 @end defopt |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
697 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
698 @defopt warning-suppress-types |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
699 This list specifies which warning types should not be displayed |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
700 immediately for the user. Each element of the list should be a list |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
701 of symbols. If its elements match the first elements in a warning |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
702 type, then that warning is not displayed immediately. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
703 @end defopt |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
704 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
705 @defopt warning-suppress-log-types |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
706 This list specifies which warning types should not be logged in the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
707 warnings buffer. Each element of the list should be a list of |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
708 symbols. If it matches the first few elements in a warning type, then |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
709 that warning is not logged. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
710 @end defopt |
53422
1246d68686ac
(Refresh Screen): Add force-window-update.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
53308
diff
changeset
|
711 |
12067 | 712 @node Invisible Text |
713 @section Invisible Text | |
714 | |
715 @cindex invisible text | |
716 You can make characters @dfn{invisible}, so that they do not appear on | |
717 the screen, with the @code{invisible} property. This can be either a | |
22138
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21682
diff
changeset
|
718 text property (@pxref{Text Properties}) or a property of an overlay |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
719 (@pxref{Overlays}). Cursor motion also partly ignores these |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
720 characters; if the command loop finds point within them, it moves |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
721 point to the other side of them. |
12067 | 722 |
723 In the simplest case, any non-@code{nil} @code{invisible} property makes | |
724 a character invisible. This is the default case---if you don't alter | |
725 the default value of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}, this is how the | |
48948
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
726 @code{invisible} property works. You should normally use @code{t} |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
727 as the value of the @code{invisible} property if you don't plan |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
728 to set @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} yourself. |
12067 | 729 |
730 More generally, you can use the variable @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} | |
731 to control which values of the @code{invisible} property make text | |
732 invisible. This permits you to classify the text into different subsets | |
733 in advance, by giving them different @code{invisible} values, and | |
734 subsequently make various subsets visible or invisible by changing the | |
735 value of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. | |
736 | |
737 Controlling visibility with @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} is | |
25875 | 738 especially useful in a program to display the list of entries in a |
739 database. It permits the implementation of convenient filtering | |
740 commands to view just a part of the entries in the database. Setting | |
741 this variable is very fast, much faster than scanning all the text in | |
742 the buffer looking for properties to change. | |
12067 | 743 |
744 @defvar buffer-invisibility-spec | |
745 This variable specifies which kinds of @code{invisible} properties | |
56233
e4e80ee3d6db
(Invisible Text): Setting buffer-invisibility-spec makes it buffer-local.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56185
diff
changeset
|
746 actually make a character invisible. Setting this variable makes it |
e4e80ee3d6db
(Invisible Text): Setting buffer-invisibility-spec makes it buffer-local.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56185
diff
changeset
|
747 buffer-local. |
12067 | 748 |
749 @table @asis | |
750 @item @code{t} | |
751 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property is | |
752 non-@code{nil}. This is the default. | |
753 | |
754 @item a list | |
21682
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
21007
diff
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|
755 Each element of the list specifies a criterion for invisibility; if a |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
756 character's @code{invisible} property fits any one of these criteria, |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
757 the character is invisible. The list can have two kinds of elements: |
12067 | 758 |
759 @table @code | |
760 @item @var{atom} | |
21682
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
761 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property value |
12067 | 762 is @var{atom} or if it is a list with @var{atom} as a member. |
763 | |
764 @item (@var{atom} . t) | |
76850
21e50d7ec51d
(Invisible Text): Correct buffer-invisibility-spec regarding ellipsis.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
76841
diff
changeset
|
765 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property value is |
21e50d7ec51d
(Invisible Text): Correct buffer-invisibility-spec regarding ellipsis.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
76841
diff
changeset
|
766 @var{atom} or if it is a list with @var{atom} as a member. Moreover, |
21e50d7ec51d
(Invisible Text): Correct buffer-invisibility-spec regarding ellipsis.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
76841
diff
changeset
|
767 a sequence of such characters displays as an ellipsis. |
12067 | 768 @end table |
769 @end table | |
770 @end defvar | |
771 | |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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changeset
|
772 Two functions are specifically provided for adding elements to |
66d807bdc5b4
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changeset
|
773 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} and removing elements from it. |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
774 |
22138
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
21682
diff
changeset
|
775 @defun add-to-invisibility-spec element |
48948
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
776 This function adds the element @var{element} to |
61972
874393fa8818
(Invisible Text): Correct add-to-invisibility-spec.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61854
diff
changeset
|
777 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. If @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} |
874393fa8818
(Invisible Text): Correct add-to-invisibility-spec.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61854
diff
changeset
|
778 was @code{t}, it changes to a list, @code{(t)}, so that text whose |
874393fa8818
(Invisible Text): Correct add-to-invisibility-spec.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61854
diff
changeset
|
779 @code{invisible} property is @code{t} remains invisible. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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|
780 @end defun |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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changeset
|
781 |
22138
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
21682
diff
changeset
|
782 @defun remove-from-invisibility-spec element |
54023 | 783 This removes the element @var{element} from |
48948
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
784 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. This does nothing if @var{element} |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
785 is not in the list. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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changeset
|
786 @end defun |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
787 |
48948
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
788 A convention for use of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} is that a |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
789 major mode should use the mode's own name as an element of |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
790 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} and as the value of the |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
791 @code{invisible} property: |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
792 |
66d807bdc5b4
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diff
changeset
|
793 @example |
21682
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21007
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changeset
|
794 ;; @r{If you want to display an ellipsis:} |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
48948
diff
changeset
|
795 (add-to-invisibility-spec '(my-symbol . t)) |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
796 ;; @r{If you don't want ellipsis:} |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
48948
diff
changeset
|
797 (add-to-invisibility-spec 'my-symbol) |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
798 |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
799 (overlay-put (make-overlay beginning end) |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
800 'invisible 'my-symbol) |
66d807bdc5b4
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
801 |
21682
90da2489c498
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parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
802 ;; @r{When done with the overlays:} |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
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changeset
|
803 (remove-from-invisibility-spec '(my-symbol . t)) |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
804 ;; @r{Or respectively:} |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
805 (remove-from-invisibility-spec 'my-symbol) |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
806 @end example |
66d807bdc5b4
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
807 |
15761
77d451c08a30
Document line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
15074
diff
changeset
|
808 @vindex line-move-ignore-invisible |
53422
1246d68686ac
(Refresh Screen): Add force-window-update.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
53308
diff
changeset
|
809 Ordinarily, functions that operate on text or move point do not care |
15761
77d451c08a30
Document line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
15074
diff
changeset
|
810 whether the text is invisible. The user-level line motion commands |
77d451c08a30
Document line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
15074
diff
changeset
|
811 explicitly ignore invisible newlines if |
60782
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
812 @code{line-move-ignore-invisible} is non-@code{nil} (the default), but |
ab5e3944cf27
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813 only because they are explicitly programmed to do so. |
12098 | 814 |
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815 However, if a command ends with point inside or immediately before |
53422
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816 invisible text, the main editing loop moves point further forward or |
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|
817 further backward (in the same direction that the command already moved |
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|
818 it) until that condition is no longer true. Thus, if the command |
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|
819 moved point back into an invisible range, Emacs moves point back to |
69462
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820 the beginning of that range, and then back one more character. If the |
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|
821 command moved point forward into an invisible range, Emacs moves point |
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|
822 forward up to the first visible character that follows the invisible |
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|
823 text. |
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824 |
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825 Incremental search can make invisible overlays visible temporarily |
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826 and/or permanently when a match includes invisible text. To enable |
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827 this, the overlay should have a non-@code{nil} |
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828 @code{isearch-open-invisible} property. The property value should be a |
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829 function to be called with the overlay as an argument. This function |
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830 should make the overlay visible permanently; it is used when the match |
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831 overlaps the overlay on exit from the search. |
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832 |
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833 During the search, such overlays are made temporarily visible by |
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834 temporarily modifying their invisible and intangible properties. If you |
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835 want this to be done differently for a certain overlay, give it an |
21007
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836 @code{isearch-open-invisible-temporary} property which is a function. |
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837 The function is called with two arguments: the first is the overlay, and |
26986 | 838 the second is @code{nil} to make the overlay visible, or @code{t} to |
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839 make it invisible again. |
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840 |
6598 | 841 @node Selective Display |
842 @section Selective Display | |
843 @cindex selective display | |
844 | |
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845 @dfn{Selective display} refers to a pair of related features for |
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846 hiding certain lines on the screen. |
6598 | 847 |
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848 The first variant, explicit selective display, is designed for use |
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849 in a Lisp program: it controls which lines are hidden by altering the |
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850 text. This kind of hiding in some ways resembles the effect of the |
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851 @code{invisible} property (@pxref{Invisible Text}), but the two |
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852 features are different and do not work the same way. |
12067 | 853 |
854 In the second variant, the choice of lines to hide is made | |
12098 | 855 automatically based on indentation. This variant is designed to be a |
12067 | 856 user-level feature. |
6598 | 857 |
858 The way you control explicit selective display is by replacing a | |
9009 | 859 newline (control-j) with a carriage return (control-m). The text that |
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860 was formerly a line following that newline is now hidden. Strictly |
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861 speaking, it is temporarily no longer a line at all, since only |
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|
862 newlines can separate lines; it is now part of the previous line. |
6598 | 863 |
864 Selective display does not directly affect editing commands. For | |
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865 example, @kbd{C-f} (@code{forward-char}) moves point unhesitatingly |
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866 into hidden text. However, the replacement of newline characters with |
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|
867 carriage return characters affects some editing commands. For |
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|
868 example, @code{next-line} skips hidden lines, since it searches only |
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869 for newlines. Modes that use selective display can also define |
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870 commands that take account of the newlines, or that control which |
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|
871 parts of the text are hidden. |
6598 | 872 |
873 When you write a selectively displayed buffer into a file, all the | |
874 control-m's are output as newlines. This means that when you next read | |
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|
875 in the file, it looks OK, with nothing hidden. The selective display |
6598 | 876 effect is seen only within Emacs. |
877 | |
878 @defvar selective-display | |
879 This buffer-local variable enables selective display. This means that | |
60503
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880 lines, or portions of lines, may be made hidden. |
6598 | 881 |
882 @itemize @bullet | |
883 @item | |
25875 | 884 If the value of @code{selective-display} is @code{t}, then the character |
60503
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885 control-m marks the start of hidden text; the control-m, and the rest |
25875 | 886 of the line following it, are not displayed. This is explicit selective |
887 display. | |
6598 | 888 |
889 @item | |
890 If the value of @code{selective-display} is a positive integer, then | |
891 lines that start with more than that many columns of indentation are not | |
892 displayed. | |
893 @end itemize | |
894 | |
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895 When some portion of a buffer is hidden, the vertical movement |
6598 | 896 commands operate as if that portion did not exist, allowing a single |
60503
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897 @code{next-line} command to skip any number of hidden lines. |
6598 | 898 However, character movement commands (such as @code{forward-char}) do |
60503
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899 not skip the hidden portion, and it is possible (if tricky) to insert |
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900 or delete text in an hidden portion. |
6598 | 901 |
902 In the examples below, we show the @emph{display appearance} of the | |
903 buffer @code{foo}, which changes with the value of | |
904 @code{selective-display}. The @emph{contents} of the buffer do not | |
905 change. | |
906 | |
907 @example | |
908 @group | |
909 (setq selective-display nil) | |
910 @result{} nil | |
911 | |
912 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
913 1 on this column | |
914 2on this column | |
915 3n this column | |
916 3n this column | |
917 2on this column | |
918 1 on this column | |
919 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
920 @end group | |
921 | |
922 @group | |
923 (setq selective-display 2) | |
924 @result{} 2 | |
925 | |
926 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
927 1 on this column | |
928 2on this column | |
929 2on this column | |
930 1 on this column | |
931 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
932 @end group | |
933 @end example | |
934 @end defvar | |
935 | |
936 @defvar selective-display-ellipses | |
937 If this buffer-local variable is non-@code{nil}, then Emacs displays | |
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938 @samp{@dots{}} at the end of a line that is followed by hidden text. |
6598 | 939 This example is a continuation of the previous one. |
940 | |
941 @example | |
942 @group | |
943 (setq selective-display-ellipses t) | |
944 @result{} t | |
945 | |
946 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
947 1 on this column | |
948 2on this column ... | |
949 2on this column | |
950 1 on this column | |
951 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
952 @end group | |
953 @end example | |
954 | |
955 You can use a display table to substitute other text for the ellipsis | |
956 (@samp{@dots{}}). @xref{Display Tables}. | |
957 @end defvar | |
958 | |
959 @node Temporary Displays | |
960 @section Temporary Displays | |
961 | |
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962 Temporary displays are used by Lisp programs to put output into a |
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963 buffer and then present it to the user for perusal rather than for |
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964 editing. Many help commands use this feature. |
6598 | 965 |
966 @defspec with-output-to-temp-buffer buffer-name forms@dots{} | |
24951
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967 This function executes @var{forms} while arranging to insert any output |
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968 they print into the buffer named @var{buffer-name}, which is first |
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969 created if necessary, and put into Help mode. Finally, the buffer is |
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970 displayed in some window, but not selected. |
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971 |
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972 If the @var{forms} do not change the major mode in the output buffer, |
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973 so that it is still Help mode at the end of their execution, then |
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974 @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} makes this buffer read-only at the |
52923
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975 end, and also scans it for function and variable names to make them |
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976 into clickable cross-references. @xref{Docstring hyperlinks, , Tips |
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977 for Documentation Strings}, in particular the item on hyperlinks in |
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978 documentation strings, for more details. |
6598 | 979 |
980 The string @var{buffer-name} specifies the temporary buffer, which | |
981 need not already exist. The argument must be a string, not a buffer. | |
982 The buffer is erased initially (with no questions asked), and it is | |
983 marked as unmodified after @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} exits. | |
984 | |
985 @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} binds @code{standard-output} to the | |
986 temporary buffer, then it evaluates the forms in @var{forms}. Output | |
987 using the Lisp output functions within @var{forms} goes by default to | |
988 that buffer (but screen display and messages in the echo area, although | |
989 they are ``output'' in the general sense of the word, are not affected). | |
990 @xref{Output Functions}. | |
991 | |
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992 Several hooks are available for customizing the behavior |
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993 of this construct; they are listed below. |
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994 |
6598 | 995 The value of the last form in @var{forms} is returned. |
996 | |
997 @example | |
998 @group | |
999 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1000 This is the contents of foo. | |
1001 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1002 @end group | |
1003 | |
1004 @group | |
1005 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "foo" | |
1006 (print 20) | |
1007 (print standard-output)) | |
1008 @result{} #<buffer foo> | |
1009 | |
1010 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1011 20 | |
1012 | |
1013 #<buffer foo> | |
1014 | |
1015 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1016 @end group | |
1017 @end example | |
1018 @end defspec | |
1019 | |
1020 @defvar temp-buffer-show-function | |
9009 | 1021 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} |
6598 | 1022 calls it as a function to do the job of displaying a help buffer. The |
1023 function gets one argument, which is the buffer it should display. | |
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1024 |
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1025 It is a good idea for this function to run @code{temp-buffer-show-hook} |
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1026 just as @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} normally would, inside of |
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1027 @code{save-selected-window} and with the chosen window and buffer |
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1028 selected. |
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1029 @end defvar |
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1030 |
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1031 @defvar temp-buffer-setup-hook |
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1032 This normal hook is run by @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} before |
42082 | 1033 evaluating @var{body}. When the hook runs, the temporary buffer is |
1034 current. This hook is normally set up with a function to put the | |
1035 buffer in Help mode. | |
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1036 @end defvar |
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1037 |
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1038 @defvar temp-buffer-show-hook |
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1039 This normal hook is run by @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} after |
42082 | 1040 displaying the temporary buffer. When the hook runs, the temporary buffer |
1041 is current, and the window it was displayed in is selected. This hook | |
1042 is normally set up with a function to make the buffer read only, and | |
1043 find function names and variable names in it, provided the major mode | |
1044 is Help mode. | |
6598 | 1045 @end defvar |
1046 | |
1047 @defun momentary-string-display string position &optional char message | |
1048 This function momentarily displays @var{string} in the current buffer at | |
1049 @var{position}. It has no effect on the undo list or on the buffer's | |
1050 modification status. | |
1051 | |
1052 The momentary display remains until the next input event. If the next | |
1053 input event is @var{char}, @code{momentary-string-display} ignores it | |
1054 and returns. Otherwise, that event remains buffered for subsequent use | |
1055 as input. Thus, typing @var{char} will simply remove the string from | |
1056 the display, while typing (say) @kbd{C-f} will remove the string from | |
1057 the display and later (presumably) move point forward. The argument | |
1058 @var{char} is a space by default. | |
1059 | |
1060 The return value of @code{momentary-string-display} is not meaningful. | |
1061 | |
12098 | 1062 If the string @var{string} does not contain control characters, you can |
21682
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1063 do the same job in a more general way by creating (and then subsequently |
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1064 deleting) an overlay with a @code{before-string} property. |
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1065 @xref{Overlay Properties}. |
12098 | 1066 |
6598 | 1067 If @var{message} is non-@code{nil}, it is displayed in the echo area |
1068 while @var{string} is displayed in the buffer. If it is @code{nil}, a | |
1069 default message says to type @var{char} to continue. | |
1070 | |
1071 In this example, point is initially located at the beginning of the | |
1072 second line: | |
1073 | |
1074 @example | |
1075 @group | |
1076 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1077 This is the contents of foo. | |
1078 @point{}Second line. | |
1079 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1080 @end group | |
1081 | |
1082 @group | |
1083 (momentary-string-display | |
1084 "**** Important Message! ****" | |
1085 (point) ?\r | |
1086 "Type RET when done reading") | |
1087 @result{} t | |
1088 @end group | |
1089 | |
1090 @group | |
1091 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1092 This is the contents of foo. | |
1093 **** Important Message! ****Second line. | |
1094 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1095 | |
1096 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
1097 Type RET when done reading | |
1098 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
1099 @end group | |
1100 @end example | |
1101 @end defun | |
1102 | |
1103 @node Overlays | |
1104 @section Overlays | |
1105 @cindex overlays | |
1106 | |
1107 You can use @dfn{overlays} to alter the appearance of a buffer's text on | |
12098 | 1108 the screen, for the sake of presentation features. An overlay is an |
1109 object that belongs to a particular buffer, and has a specified | |
1110 beginning and end. It also has properties that you can examine and set; | |
1111 these affect the display of the text within the overlay. | |
6598 | 1112 |
68084 | 1113 An overlay uses markers to record its beginning and end; thus, |
54023 | 1114 editing the text of the buffer adjusts the beginning and end of each |
1115 overlay so that it stays with the text. When you create the overlay, | |
1116 you can specify whether text inserted at the beginning should be | |
1117 inside the overlay or outside, and likewise for the end of the overlay. | |
1118 | |
6598 | 1119 @menu |
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1120 * Managing Overlays:: Creating and moving overlays. |
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1121 * Overlay Properties:: How to read and set properties. |
6598 | 1122 What properties do to the screen display. |
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1123 * Finding Overlays:: Searching for overlays. |
6598 | 1124 @end menu |
1125 | |
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1126 @node Managing Overlays |
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1127 @subsection Managing Overlays |
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1128 |
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1129 This section describes the functions to create, delete and move |
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1130 overlays, and to examine their contents. Overlay changes are not |
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1131 recorded in the buffer's undo list, since the overlays are not |
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1132 part of the buffer's contents. |
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1133 |
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1134 @defun overlayp object |
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1135 This function returns @code{t} if @var{object} is an overlay. |
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1136 @end defun |
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1137 |
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1138 @defun make-overlay start end &optional buffer front-advance rear-advance |
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1139 This function creates and returns an overlay that belongs to |
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1140 @var{buffer} and ranges from @var{start} to @var{end}. Both @var{start} |
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1141 and @var{end} must specify buffer positions; they may be integers or |
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1142 markers. If @var{buffer} is omitted, the overlay is created in the |
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1143 current buffer. |
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1144 |
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1145 The arguments @var{front-advance} and @var{rear-advance} specify the |
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1146 marker insertion type for the start of the overlay and for the end of |
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1147 the overlay, respectively. @xref{Marker Insertion Types}. If they |
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1148 are both @code{nil}, the default, then the overlay extends to include |
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1149 any text inserted at the beginning, but not text inserted at the end. |
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1150 If @var{front-advance} is non-@code{nil}, text inserted at the |
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1151 beginning of the overlay is excluded from the overlay. If |
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1152 @var{rear-advance} is non-@code{nil}, text inserted at the end of the |
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1153 overlay is included in the overlay. |
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1154 @end defun |
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1155 |
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1156 @defun overlay-start overlay |
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1157 This function returns the position at which @var{overlay} starts, |
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1158 as an integer. |
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1159 @end defun |
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1160 |
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1161 @defun overlay-end overlay |
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1162 This function returns the position at which @var{overlay} ends, |
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1163 as an integer. |
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1164 @end defun |
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1165 |
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1166 @defun overlay-buffer overlay |
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1167 This function returns the buffer that @var{overlay} belongs to. It |
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1168 returns @code{nil} if @var{overlay} has been deleted. |
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1169 @end defun |
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1170 |
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1171 @defun delete-overlay overlay |
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1172 This function deletes @var{overlay}. The overlay continues to exist as |
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1173 a Lisp object, and its property list is unchanged, but it ceases to be |
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1174 attached to the buffer it belonged to, and ceases to have any effect on |
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1175 display. |
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1176 |
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1177 A deleted overlay is not permanently disconnected. You can give it a |
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1178 position in a buffer again by calling @code{move-overlay}. |
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1179 @end defun |
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1180 |
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1181 @defun move-overlay overlay start end &optional buffer |
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1182 This function moves @var{overlay} to @var{buffer}, and places its bounds |
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1183 at @var{start} and @var{end}. Both arguments @var{start} and @var{end} |
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1184 must specify buffer positions; they may be integers or markers. |
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1185 |
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1186 If @var{buffer} is omitted, @var{overlay} stays in the same buffer it |
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1187 was already associated with; if @var{overlay} was deleted, it goes into |
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1188 the current buffer. |
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1189 |
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1190 The return value is @var{overlay}. |
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1191 |
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1192 This is the only valid way to change the endpoints of an overlay. Do |
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1193 not try modifying the markers in the overlay by hand, as that fails to |
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1194 update other vital data structures and can cause some overlays to be |
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1195 ``lost.'' |
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1196 @end defun |
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1197 |
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1198 @defun remove-overlays &optional start end name value |
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1199 This function removes all the overlays between @var{start} and |
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1200 @var{end} whose property @var{name} has the value @var{value}. It can |
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1201 move the endpoints of the overlays in the region, or split them. |
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1202 |
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1203 If @var{name} is omitted or @code{nil}, it means to delete all overlays in |
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1204 the specified region. If @var{start} and/or @var{end} are omitted or |
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1205 @code{nil}, that means the beginning and end of the buffer respectively. |
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1206 Therefore, @code{(remove-overlays)} removes all the overlays in the |
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1207 current buffer. |
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1208 @end defun |
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1209 |
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1210 Here are some examples: |
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1211 |
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60442
diff
changeset
|
1212 @example |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1213 ;; @r{Create an overlay.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1214 (setq foo (make-overlay 1 10)) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1215 @result{} #<overlay from 1 to 10 in display.texi> |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1216 (overlay-start foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1217 @result{} 1 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1218 (overlay-end foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1219 @result{} 10 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1220 (overlay-buffer foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1221 @result{} #<buffer display.texi> |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1222 ;; @r{Give it a property we can check later.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1223 (overlay-put foo 'happy t) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1224 @result{} t |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1225 ;; @r{Verify the property is present.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1226 (overlay-get foo 'happy) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1227 @result{} t |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1228 ;; @r{Move the overlay.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1229 (move-overlay foo 5 20) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1230 @result{} #<overlay from 5 to 20 in display.texi> |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1231 (overlay-start foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1232 @result{} 5 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1233 (overlay-end foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1234 @result{} 20 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1235 ;; @r{Delete the overlay.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1236 (delete-overlay foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1237 @result{} nil |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1238 ;; @r{Verify it is deleted.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1239 foo |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1240 @result{} #<overlay in no buffer> |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1241 ;; @r{A deleted overlay has no position.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1242 (overlay-start foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1243 @result{} nil |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1244 (overlay-end foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1245 @result{} nil |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1246 (overlay-buffer foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1247 @result{} nil |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1248 ;; @r{Undelete the overlay.} |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1249 (move-overlay foo 1 20) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1250 @result{} #<overlay from 1 to 20 in display.texi> |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1251 ;; @r{Verify the results.} |
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|
1252 (overlay-start foo) |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1253 @result{} 1 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
1254 (overlay-end foo) |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1255 @result{} 20 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1256 (overlay-buffer foo) |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1257 @result{} #<buffer display.texi> |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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parents:
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|
1258 ;; @r{Moving and deleting the overlay does not change its properties.} |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1259 (overlay-get foo 'happy) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1260 @result{} t |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1261 @end example |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1262 |
73780
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1263 Emacs stores the overlays of each buffer in two lists, divided |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1264 around an arbitrary ``center position.'' One list extends backwards |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1265 through the buffer from that center position, and the other extends |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1266 forwards from that center position. The center position can be anywhere |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1267 in the buffer. |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
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|
1268 |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1269 @defun overlay-recenter pos |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1270 This function recenters the overlays of the current buffer around |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72822
diff
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|
1271 position @var{pos}. That makes overlay lookup faster for positions |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1272 near @var{pos}, but slower for positions far away from @var{pos}. |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1273 @end defun |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
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|
1274 |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1275 A loop that scans the buffer forwards, creating overlays, can run |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1276 faster if you do @code{(overlay-recenter (point-max))} first. |
b84950e6ade6
(Managing Overlays): Document overlay-recenter.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1277 |
6598 | 1278 @node Overlay Properties |
1279 @subsection Overlay Properties | |
1280 | |
25751
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|
1281 Overlay properties are like text properties in that the properties that |
22138
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*** empty log message ***
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|
1282 alter how a character is displayed can come from either source. But in |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1283 most respects they are different. @xref{Text Properties}, for comparison. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1284 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1285 Text properties are considered a part of the text; overlays and |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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parents:
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changeset
|
1286 their properties are specifically considered not to be part of the |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1287 text. Thus, copying text between various buffers and strings |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1288 preserves text properties, but does not try to preserve overlays. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1289 Changing a buffer's text properties marks the buffer as modified, |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1290 while moving an overlay or changing its properties does not. Unlike |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1291 text property changes, overlay property changes are not recorded in |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1292 the buffer's undo list. |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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changeset
|
1293 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1294 These functions read and set the properties of an overlay: |
25751
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|
1295 |
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|
1296 @defun overlay-get overlay prop |
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|
1297 This function returns the value of property @var{prop} recorded in |
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|
1298 @var{overlay}, if any. If @var{overlay} does not record any value for |
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1299 that property, but it does have a @code{category} property which is a |
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|
1300 symbol, that symbol's @var{prop} property is used. Otherwise, the value |
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1301 is @code{nil}. |
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1302 @end defun |
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1303 |
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1304 @defun overlay-put overlay prop value |
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|
1305 This function sets the value of property @var{prop} recorded in |
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|
1306 @var{overlay} to @var{value}. It returns @var{value}. |
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1307 @end defun |
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1308 |
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|
1309 @defun overlay-properties overlay |
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|
1310 This returns a copy of the property list of @var{overlay}. |
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|
1311 @end defun |
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|
1312 |
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1313 See also the function @code{get-char-property} which checks both |
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|
1314 overlay properties and text properties for a given character. |
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|
1315 @xref{Examining Properties}. |
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|
1316 |
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|
1317 Many overlay properties have special meanings; here is a table |
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|
1318 of them: |
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1319 |
6598 | 1320 @table @code |
1321 @item priority | |
1322 @kindex priority @r{(overlay property)} | |
52380
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|
1323 This property's value (which should be a nonnegative integer number) |
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|
1324 determines the priority of the overlay. The priority matters when two |
7a80a66265e6
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|
1325 or more overlays cover the same character and both specify the same |
7a80a66265e6
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|
1326 property; the one whose @code{priority} value is larger takes priority |
7a80a66265e6
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parents:
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|
1327 over the other. For the @code{face} property, the higher priority |
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1328 value does not completely replace the other; instead, its face |
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1329 attributes override the face attributes of the lower priority |
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1330 @code{face} property. |
6598 | 1331 |
1332 Currently, all overlays take priority over text properties. Please | |
1333 avoid using negative priority values, as we have not yet decided just | |
1334 what they should mean. | |
1335 | |
1336 @item window | |
1337 @kindex window @r{(overlay property)} | |
1338 If the @code{window} property is non-@code{nil}, then the overlay | |
1339 applies only on that window. | |
1340 | |
12067 | 1341 @item category |
1342 @kindex category @r{(overlay property)} | |
1343 If an overlay has a @code{category} property, we call it the | |
12098 | 1344 @dfn{category} of the overlay. It should be a symbol. The properties |
12067 | 1345 of the symbol serve as defaults for the properties of the overlay. |
1346 | |
6598 | 1347 @item face |
1348 @kindex face @r{(overlay property)} | |
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1349 This property controls the way text is displayed---for example, which |
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1350 font and which colors. @xref{Faces}, for more information. |
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1351 |
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1352 In the simplest case, the value is a face name. It can also be a list; |
25875 | 1353 then each element can be any of these possibilities: |
25751
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1354 |
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1355 @itemize @bullet |
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1356 @item |
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1357 A face name (a symbol or string). |
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1358 |
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1359 @item |
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(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
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1360 A property list of face attributes. This has the form (@var{keyword} |
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1361 @var{value} @dots{}), where each @var{keyword} is a face attribute |
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1362 name and @var{value} is a meaningful value for that attribute. With |
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|
1363 this feature, you do not need to create a face each time you want to |
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1364 specify a particular attribute for certain text. @xref{Face |
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1365 Attributes}. |
25751
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1366 |
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1367 @item |
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1368 A cons cell of the form @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} or |
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1369 @code{(background-color . @var{color-name})}. These elements specify |
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1370 just the foreground color or just the background color. |
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1371 |
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1372 @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} has the same effect as |
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1373 @code{(:foreground @var{color-name})}; likewise for the background. |
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1374 @end itemize |
6598 | 1375 |
1376 @item mouse-face | |
1377 @kindex mouse-face @r{(overlay property)} | |
1378 This property is used instead of @code{face} when the mouse is within | |
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1379 the range of the overlay. |
6598 | 1380 |
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1381 @item display |
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1382 @kindex display @r{(overlay property)} |
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1383 This property activates various features that change the |
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1384 way text is displayed. For example, it can make text appear taller |
38278 | 1385 or shorter, higher or lower, wider or narrower, or replaced with an image. |
25751
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1386 @xref{Display Property}. |
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1387 |
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1388 @item help-echo |
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(Overlay Properties): Fix the index entry for help-echo overlay property.
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|
1389 @kindex help-echo @r{(overlay property)} |
31373
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1390 If an overlay has a @code{help-echo} property, then when you move the |
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|
1391 mouse onto the text in the overlay, Emacs displays a help string in the |
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1392 echo area, or in the tooltip window. For details see @ref{Text |
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1393 help-echo}. |
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1394 |
6598 | 1395 @item modification-hooks |
1396 @kindex modification-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
1397 This property's value is a list of functions to be called if any | |
1398 character within the overlay is changed or if text is inserted strictly | |
12067 | 1399 within the overlay. |
1400 | |
1401 The hook functions are called both before and after each change. | |
1402 If the functions save the information they receive, and compare notes | |
1403 between calls, they can determine exactly what change has been made | |
1404 in the buffer text. | |
1405 | |
1406 When called before a change, each function receives four arguments: the | |
1407 overlay, @code{nil}, and the beginning and end of the text range to be | |
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1408 modified. |
6598 | 1409 |
12067 | 1410 When called after a change, each function receives five arguments: the |
1411 overlay, @code{t}, the beginning and end of the text range just | |
1412 modified, and the length of the pre-change text replaced by that range. | |
1413 (For an insertion, the pre-change length is zero; for a deletion, that | |
1414 length is the number of characters deleted, and the post-change | |
12098 | 1415 beginning and end are equal.) |
12067 | 1416 |
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1417 If these functions modify the buffer, they should bind |
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1418 @code{inhibit-modification-hooks} to @code{t} around doing so, to |
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1419 avoid confusing the internal mechanism that calls these hooks. |
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1420 |
6598 | 1421 @item insert-in-front-hooks |
1422 @kindex insert-in-front-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1423 This property's value is a list of functions to be called before and |
1424 after inserting text right at the beginning of the overlay. The calling | |
1425 conventions are the same as for the @code{modification-hooks} functions. | |
6598 | 1426 |
1427 @item insert-behind-hooks | |
1428 @kindex insert-behind-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1429 This property's value is a list of functions to be called before and |
1430 after inserting text right at the end of the overlay. The calling | |
1431 conventions are the same as for the @code{modification-hooks} functions. | |
6598 | 1432 |
1433 @item invisible | |
1434 @kindex invisible @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1435 The @code{invisible} property can make the text in the overlay |
1436 invisible, which means that it does not appear on the screen. | |
1437 @xref{Invisible Text}, for details. | |
1438 | |
1439 @item intangible | |
1440 @kindex intangible @r{(overlay property)} | |
1441 The @code{intangible} property on an overlay works just like the | |
12098 | 1442 @code{intangible} text property. @xref{Special Properties}, for details. |
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1443 |
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1444 @item isearch-open-invisible |
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1445 This property tells incremental search how to make an invisible overlay |
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1446 visible, permanently, if the final match overlaps it. @xref{Invisible |
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1447 Text}. |
6598 | 1448 |
22138
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1449 @item isearch-open-invisible-temporary |
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1450 This property tells incremental search how to make an invisible overlay |
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1451 visible, temporarily, during the search. @xref{Invisible Text}. |
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1452 |
6598 | 1453 @item before-string |
1454 @kindex before-string @r{(overlay property)} | |
1455 This property's value is a string to add to the display at the beginning | |
1456 of the overlay. The string does not appear in the buffer in any | |
25875 | 1457 sense---only on the screen. |
6598 | 1458 |
1459 @item after-string | |
1460 @kindex after-string @r{(overlay property)} | |
1461 This property's value is a string to add to the display at the end of | |
1462 the overlay. The string does not appear in the buffer in any | |
25875 | 1463 sense---only on the screen. |
12067 | 1464 |
1465 @item evaporate | |
1466 @kindex evaporate @r{(overlay property)} | |
1467 If this property is non-@code{nil}, the overlay is deleted automatically | |
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(Overlay Properties): Adding `evaporate' prop deletes empty overlay immediately.
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|
1468 if it becomes empty (i.e., if its length becomes zero). If you give |
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(Overlay Properties): Adding `evaporate' prop deletes empty overlay immediately.
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|
1469 an empty overlay a non-@code{nil} @code{evaporate} property, that deletes |
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(Overlay Properties): Adding `evaporate' prop deletes empty overlay immediately.
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|
1470 it immediately. |
16123
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|
1471 |
29102 | 1472 @item local-map |
29076 | 1473 @cindex keymap of character (and overlays) |
29102 | 1474 @kindex local-map @r{(overlay property)} |
29076 | 1475 If this property is non-@code{nil}, it specifies a keymap for a portion |
1476 of the text. The property's value replaces the buffer's local map, when | |
1477 the character after point is within the overlay. @xref{Active Keymaps}. | |
33996 | 1478 |
1479 @item keymap | |
1480 @kindex keymap @r{(overlay property)} | |
1481 The @code{keymap} property is similar to @code{local-map} but overrides the | |
1482 buffer's local map (and the map specified by the @code{local-map} | |
1483 property) rather than replacing it. | |
29076 | 1484 @end table |
1485 | |
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1486 @node Finding Overlays |
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|
1487 @subsection Searching for Overlays |
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1488 |
6598 | 1489 @defun overlays-at pos |
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1490 This function returns a list of all the overlays that cover the |
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1491 character at position @var{pos} in the current buffer. The list is in |
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1492 no particular order. An overlay contains position @var{pos} if it |
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1493 begins at or before @var{pos}, and ends after @var{pos}. |
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1494 |
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1495 To illustrate usage, here is a Lisp function that returns a list of the |
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1496 overlays that specify property @var{prop} for the character at point: |
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1497 |
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1498 @smallexample |
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|
1499 (defun find-overlays-specifying (prop) |
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1500 (let ((overlays (overlays-at (point))) |
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1501 found) |
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|
1502 (while overlays |
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1503 (let ((overlay (car overlays))) |
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1504 (if (overlay-get overlay prop) |
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1505 (setq found (cons overlay found)))) |
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1506 (setq overlays (cdr overlays))) |
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1507 found)) |
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|
1508 @end smallexample |
6598 | 1509 @end defun |
1510 | |
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1511 @defun overlays-in beg end |
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1512 This function returns a list of the overlays that overlap the region |
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1513 @var{beg} through @var{end}. ``Overlap'' means that at least one |
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1514 character is contained within the overlay and also contained within the |
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1515 specified region; however, empty overlays are included in the result if |
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1516 they are located at @var{beg}, or strictly between @var{beg} and @var{end}. |
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1517 @end defun |
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1518 |
6598 | 1519 @defun next-overlay-change pos |
1520 This function returns the buffer position of the next beginning or end | |
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|
1521 of an overlay, after @var{pos}. If there is none, it returns |
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|
1522 @code{(point-max)}. |
6598 | 1523 @end defun |
1524 | |
12067 | 1525 @defun previous-overlay-change pos |
1526 This function returns the buffer position of the previous beginning or | |
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|
1527 end of an overlay, before @var{pos}. If there is none, it returns |
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|
1528 @code{(point-min)}. |
12067 | 1529 @end defun |
1530 | |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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75875
diff
changeset
|
1531 As an example, here's a simplified (and inefficient) version of the |
fec7d780a786
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1532 primitive function @code{next-single-char-property-change} |
fec7d780a786
(Finding Overlays): Write better example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1533 (@pxref{Property Search}). It searches forward from position |
fec7d780a786
(Finding Overlays): Write better example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1534 @var{pos} for the next position where the value of a given property |
fec7d780a786
(Finding Overlays): Write better example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1535 @code{prop}, as obtained from either overlays or text properties, |
fec7d780a786
(Finding Overlays): Write better example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1536 changes. |
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1537 |
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1538 @smallexample |
76301
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1539 (defun next-single-char-property-change (position prop) |
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1540 (save-excursion |
76301
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1541 (goto-char position) |
fec7d780a786
(Finding Overlays): Write better example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1542 (let ((propval (get-char-property (point) prop))) |
fec7d780a786
(Finding Overlays): Write better example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1543 (while (and (not (eobp)) |
fec7d780a786
(Finding Overlays): Write better example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1544 (eq (get-char-property (point) prop) propval)) |
fec7d780a786
(Finding Overlays): Write better example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1545 (goto-char (min (next-overlay-change (point)) |
fec7d780a786
(Finding Overlays): Write better example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
75875
diff
changeset
|
1546 (next-single-property-change (point) prop))))) |
26696
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1547 (point))) |
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1548 @end smallexample |
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1549 |
21007
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|
1550 @node Width |
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|
1551 @section Width |
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|
1552 |
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|
1553 Since not all characters have the same width, these functions let you |
21682
90da2489c498
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changeset
|
1554 check the width of a character. @xref{Primitive Indent}, and |
90da2489c498
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changeset
|
1555 @ref{Screen Lines}, for related functions. |
21007
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|
1556 |
22138
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|
1557 @defun char-width char |
21007
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|
1558 This function returns the width in columns of the character @var{char}, |
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|
1559 if it were displayed in the current buffer and the selected window. |
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|
1560 @end defun |
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|
1561 |
22138
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|
1562 @defun string-width string |
21007
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|
1563 This function returns the width in columns of the string @var{string}, |
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|
1564 if it were displayed in the current buffer and the selected window. |
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|
1565 @end defun |
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|
1566 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1567 @defun truncate-string-to-width string width &optional start-column padding ellipsis |
21007
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|
1568 This function returns the part of @var{string} that fits within |
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|
1569 @var{width} columns, as a new string. |
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|
1570 |
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|
1571 If @var{string} does not reach @var{width}, then the result ends where |
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|
1572 @var{string} ends. If one multi-column character in @var{string} |
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|
1573 extends across the column @var{width}, that character is not included in |
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|
1574 the result. Thus, the result can fall short of @var{width} but cannot |
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|
1575 go beyond it. |
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|
1576 |
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|
1577 The optional argument @var{start-column} specifies the starting column. |
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|
1578 If this is non-@code{nil}, then the first @var{start-column} columns of |
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|
1579 the string are omitted from the value. If one multi-column character in |
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|
1580 @var{string} extends across the column @var{start-column}, that |
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|
1581 character is not included. |
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|
1582 |
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|
1583 The optional argument @var{padding}, if non-@code{nil}, is a padding |
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1584 character added at the beginning and end of the result string, to extend |
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|
1585 it to exactly @var{width} columns. The padding character is used at the |
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1586 end of the result if it falls short of @var{width}. It is also used at |
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|
1587 the beginning of the result if one multi-column character in |
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|
1588 @var{string} extends across the column @var{start-column}. |
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|
1589 |
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|
1590 If @var{ellipsis} is non-@code{nil}, it should be a string which will |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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diff
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|
1591 replace the end of @var{str} (including any padding) if it extends |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1592 beyond @var{end-column}, unless the display width of @var{str} is |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1593 equal to or less than the display width of @var{ellipsis}. If |
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diff
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|
1594 @var{ellipsis} is non-@code{nil} and not a string, it stands for |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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diff
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|
1595 @code{"..."}. |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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diff
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|
1596 |
21007
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|
1597 @example |
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|
1598 (truncate-string-to-width "\tab\t" 12 4) |
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|
1599 @result{} "ab" |
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|
1600 (truncate-string-to-width "\tab\t" 12 4 ?\s) |
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|
1601 @result{} " ab " |
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|
1602 @end example |
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|
1603 @end defun |
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|
1604 |
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|
1605 @node Line Height |
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|
1606 @section Line Height |
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|
1607 @cindex line height |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1608 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1609 The total height of each display line consists of the height of the |
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|
1610 contents of the line, plus optional additional vertical line spacing |
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|
1611 above or below the display line. |
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|
1612 |
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|
1613 The height of the line contents is the maximum height of any |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1614 character or image on that display line, including the final newline |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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diff
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|
1615 if there is one. (A display line that is continued doesn't include a |
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|
1616 final newline.) That is the default line height, if you do nothing to |
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|
1617 specify a greater height. (In the most common case, this equals the |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1618 height of the default frame font.) |
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|
1619 |
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|
1620 There are several ways to explicitly specify a larger line height, |
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|
1621 either by specifying an absolute height for the display line, or by |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1622 specifying vertical space. However, no matter what you specify, the |
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|
1623 actual line height can never be less than the default. |
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|
1624 |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1625 @kindex line-height @r{(text property)} |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1626 A newline can have a @code{line-height} text or overlay property |
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|
1627 that controls the total height of the display line ending in that |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1628 newline. |
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|
1629 |
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|
1630 If the property value is @code{t}, the newline character has no |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1631 effect on the displayed height of the line---the visible contents |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1632 alone determine the height. This is useful for tiling small images |
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|
1633 (or image slices) without adding blank areas between the images. |
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|
1634 |
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|
1635 If the property value is a list of the form @code{(@var{height} |
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|
1636 @var{total})}, that adds extra space @emph{below} the display line. |
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|
1637 First Emacs uses @var{height} as a height spec to control extra space |
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|
1638 @emph{above} the line; then it adds enough space @emph{below} the line |
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|
1639 to bring the total line height up to @var{total}. In this case, the |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1640 other ways to specify the line spacing are ignored. |
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|
1641 |
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|
1642 Any other kind of property value is a height spec, which translates |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1643 into a number---the specified line height. There are several ways to |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1644 write a height spec; here's how each of them translates into a number: |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1645 |
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|
1646 @table @code |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1647 @item @var{integer} |
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|
1648 If the height spec is a positive integer, the height value is that integer. |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1649 @item @var{float} |
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(Line Height): Further clarify.
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diff
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|
1650 If the height spec is a float, @var{float}, the numeric height value |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
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|
1651 is @var{float} times the frame's default line height. |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1652 @item (@var{face} . @var{ratio}) |
59137
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(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1653 If the height spec is a cons of the format shown, the numeric height |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
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|
1654 is @var{ratio} times the height of face @var{face}. @var{ratio} can |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1655 be any type of number, or @code{nil} which means a ratio of 1. |
d928e34db52a
(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1656 If @var{face} is @code{t}, it refers to the current face. |
61980
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Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
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|
1657 @item (nil . @var{ratio}) |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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diff
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|
1658 If the height spec is a cons of the format shown, the numeric height |
d928e34db52a
(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1659 is @var{ratio} times the height of the contents of the line. |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1660 @end table |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1661 |
71103
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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diff
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|
1662 Thus, any valid height spec determines the height in pixels, one way |
4241daad4b09
(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1663 or another. If the line contents' height is less than that, Emacs |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1664 adds extra vertical space above the line to achieve the specified |
4241daad4b09
(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1665 total height. |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1666 |
61980
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Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
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|
1667 If you don't specify the @code{line-height} property, the line's |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1668 height consists of the contents' height plus the line spacing. |
59137
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1669 There are several ways to specify the line spacing for different |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
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|
1670 parts of Emacs text. |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1671 |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1672 @vindex default-line-spacing |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1673 You can specify the line spacing for all lines in a frame with the |
64877
573bd827cef9
(Line Height, Scroll Bars): Fix xrefs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1674 @code{line-spacing} frame parameter (@pxref{Layout Parameters}). |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1675 However, if the variable @code{default-line-spacing} is |
58883
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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|
1676 non-@code{nil}, it overrides the frame's @code{line-spacing} |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1677 parameter. An integer value specifies the number of pixels put below |
68708
c0833efdd110
"Graphical display", not window system.
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|
1678 lines on graphical displays. A floating point number specifies the |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1679 spacing relative to the frame's default line height. |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1680 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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changeset
|
1681 @vindex line-spacing |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1682 You can specify the line spacing for all lines in a buffer via the |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
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|
1683 buffer-local @code{line-spacing} variable. An integer value specifies |
68708
c0833efdd110
"Graphical display", not window system.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1684 the number of pixels put below lines on graphical displays. A floating |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1685 point number specifies the spacing relative to the default frame line |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1686 height. This overrides line spacings specified for the frame. |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1687 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1688 @kindex line-spacing @r{(text property)} |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1689 Finally, a newline can have a @code{line-spacing} text or overlay |
71103
4241daad4b09
(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71009
diff
changeset
|
1690 property that overrides the default frame line spacing and the buffer |
4241daad4b09
(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71009
diff
changeset
|
1691 local @code{line-spacing} variable, for the display line ending in |
4241daad4b09
(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71009
diff
changeset
|
1692 that newline. |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1693 |
59137
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1694 One way or another, these mechanisms specify a Lisp value for the |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1695 spacing of each line. The value is a height spec, and it translates |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1696 into a Lisp value as described above. However, in this case the |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1697 numeric height value specifies the line spacing, rather than the line |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1698 height. |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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58902
diff
changeset
|
1699 |
6598 | 1700 @node Faces |
1701 @section Faces | |
40469
aa8474236e9e
Index "faces" instead of "face".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
40310
diff
changeset
|
1702 @cindex faces |
6598 | 1703 |
25751
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|
1704 A @dfn{face} is a named collection of graphical attributes: font |
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|
1705 family, foreground color, background color, optional underlining, and |
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changeset
|
1706 many others. Faces are used in Emacs to control the style of display of |
65075
88aad5396aac
(Standard Faces): Delete node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
65073
diff
changeset
|
1707 particular parts of the text or the frame. @xref{Standard Faces,,, |
88aad5396aac
(Standard Faces): Delete node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
65073
diff
changeset
|
1708 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for the list of faces Emacs normally |
88aad5396aac
(Standard Faces): Delete node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
65073
diff
changeset
|
1709 comes with. |
6598 | 1710 |
1711 @cindex face id | |
21682
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|
1712 Each face has its own @dfn{face number}, which distinguishes faces at |
25751
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|
1713 low levels within Emacs. However, for most purposes, you refer to |
63782
a750e72f48e7
(Faces): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63777
diff
changeset
|
1714 faces in Lisp programs by the symbols that name them. |
6598 | 1715 |
12067 | 1716 @defun facep object |
63777
fd183c9e3b18
(Faces): `facep' returns t for strings that are face names.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
63734
diff
changeset
|
1717 This function returns @code{t} if @var{object} is a face name string |
fd183c9e3b18
(Faces): `facep' returns t for strings that are face names.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
63734
diff
changeset
|
1718 or symbol (or if it is a vector of the kind used internally to record |
fd183c9e3b18
(Faces): `facep' returns t for strings that are face names.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
63734
diff
changeset
|
1719 face data). It returns @code{nil} otherwise. |
12067 | 1720 @end defun |
1721 | |
6598 | 1722 Each face name is meaningful for all frames, and by default it has the |
1723 same meaning in all frames. But you can arrange to give a particular | |
1724 face name a special meaning in one frame if you wish. | |
1725 | |
1726 @menu | |
21682
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|
1727 * Defining Faces:: How to define a face with @code{defface}. |
25751
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|
1728 * Face Attributes:: What is in a face? |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
1729 * Attribute Functions:: Functions to examine and set face attributes. |
59277
120ce8e206a5
(Face Attributes): Describe hex color specs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59212
diff
changeset
|
1730 * Displaying Faces:: How Emacs combines the faces specified for a character. |
25751
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|
1731 * Font Selection:: Finding the best available font for a face. |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
1732 * Face Functions:: How to define and examine faces. |
25751
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diff
changeset
|
1733 * Auto Faces:: Hook for automatic face assignment. |
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|
1734 * Font Lookup:: Looking up the names of available fonts |
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|
1735 and information about them. |
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|
1736 * Fontsets:: A fontset is a collection of fonts |
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|
1737 that handle a range of character sets. |
6598 | 1738 @end menu |
1739 | |
21682
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|
1740 @node Defining Faces |
22138
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|
1741 @subsection Defining Faces |
21682
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|
1742 |
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|
1743 The way to define a new face is with @code{defface}. This creates a |
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|
1744 kind of customization item (@pxref{Customization}) which the user can |
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|
1745 customize using the Customization buffer (@pxref{Easy Customization,,, |
63777
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(Faces): `facep' returns t for strings that are face names.
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63734
diff
changeset
|
1746 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
21682
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|
1747 |
66143 | 1748 @defmac defface face spec doc [keyword value]@dots{} |
63134
ca65a2108220
(Defining Faces): Explain that face name should not end in `-face'.
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diff
changeset
|
1749 This declares @var{face} as a customizable face that defaults |
ca65a2108220
(Defining Faces): Explain that face name should not end in `-face'.
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diff
changeset
|
1750 according to @var{spec}. You should not quote the symbol @var{face}, |
ca65a2108220
(Defining Faces): Explain that face name should not end in `-face'.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63117
diff
changeset
|
1751 and it should not end in @samp{-face} (that would be redundant). The |
25875 | 1752 argument @var{doc} specifies the face documentation. The keywords you |
63134
ca65a2108220
(Defining Faces): Explain that face name should not end in `-face'.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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63117
diff
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|
1753 can use in @code{defface} are the same as in @code{defgroup} and |
ca65a2108220
(Defining Faces): Explain that face name should not end in `-face'.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1754 @code{defcustom} (@pxref{Common Keywords}). |
21682
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|
1755 |
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|
1756 When @code{defface} executes, it defines the face according to |
22138
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|
1757 @var{spec}, then uses any customizations that were read from the |
25875 | 1758 init file (@pxref{Init File}) to override that specification. |
21682
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|
1759 |
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|
1760 The purpose of @var{spec} is to specify how the face should appear on |
61854
60784460465e
(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1761 different kinds of terminals. It should be an alist whose elements |
60784460465e
(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1762 have the form @code{(@var{display} @var{atts})}. Each element's |
60784460465e
(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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diff
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|
1763 @sc{car}, @var{display}, specifies a class of terminals. (The first |
68084 | 1764 element, if its @sc{car} is @code{default}, is special---it specifies |
61854
60784460465e
(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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diff
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|
1765 defaults for the remaining elements). The element's @sc{cadr}, |
60784460465e
(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1766 @var{atts}, is a list of face attributes and their values; it |
60784460465e
(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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diff
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|
1767 specifies what the face should look like on that kind of terminal. |
60784460465e
(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1768 The possible attributes are defined in the value of |
60784460465e
(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1769 @code{custom-face-attributes}. |
21682
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|
1770 |
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|
1771 The @var{display} part of an element of @var{spec} determines which |
61854
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(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1772 frames the element matches. If more than one element of @var{spec} |
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(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1773 matches a given frame, the first element that matches is the one used |
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1774 for that frame. There are three possibilities for @var{display}: |
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1775 |
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1776 @table @asis |
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1777 @item @code{default} |
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1778 This element of @var{spec} doesn't match any frames; instead, it |
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1779 specifies defaults that apply to all frames. This kind of element, if |
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1780 used, must be the first element of @var{spec}. Each of the following |
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1781 elements can override any or all of these defaults. |
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1782 |
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1783 @item @code{t} |
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1784 This element of @var{spec} matches all frames. Therefore, any |
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1785 subsequent elements of @var{spec} are never used. Normally |
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1786 @code{t} is used in the last (or only) element of @var{spec}. |
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1787 |
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1788 @item a list |
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1789 If @var{display} is a list, each element should have the form |
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1790 @code{(@var{characteristic} @var{value}@dots{})}. Here |
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1791 @var{characteristic} specifies a way of classifying frames, and the |
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1792 @var{value}s are possible classifications which @var{display} should |
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1793 apply to. Here are the possible values of @var{characteristic}: |
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1794 |
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1795 @table @code |
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1796 @item type |
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1797 The kind of window system the frame uses---either @code{graphic} (any |
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1798 graphics-capable display), @code{x}, @code{pc} (for the MS-DOS console), |
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1799 @code{w32} (for MS Windows 9X/NT/2K/XP), @code{mac} (for the Macintosh |
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1800 display), or @code{tty} (a non-graphics-capable display). |
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1801 @xref{Window Systems, window-system}. |
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1802 |
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1803 @item class |
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1804 What kinds of colors the frame supports---either @code{color}, |
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1805 @code{grayscale}, or @code{mono}. |
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1806 |
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1807 @item background |
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1808 The kind of background---either @code{light} or @code{dark}. |
45745 | 1809 |
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1810 @item min-colors |
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1811 An integer that represents the minimum number of colors the frame |
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1812 should support. This matches a frame if its |
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1813 @code{display-color-cells} value is at least the specified integer. |
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1814 |
45745 | 1815 @item supports |
46170 | 1816 Whether or not the frame can display the face attributes given in |
1817 @var{value}@dots{} (@pxref{Face Attributes}). See the documentation | |
1818 for the function @code{display-supports-face-attributes-p} for more | |
1819 information on exactly how this testing is done. @xref{Display Face | |
1820 Attribute Testing}. | |
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1821 @end table |
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1822 |
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1823 If an element of @var{display} specifies more than one @var{value} for a |
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1824 given @var{characteristic}, any of those values is acceptable. If |
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1825 @var{display} has more than one element, each element should specify a |
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1826 different @var{characteristic}; then @emph{each} characteristic of the |
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1827 frame must match one of the @var{value}s specified for it in |
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1828 @var{display}. |
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1829 @end table |
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1830 @end defmac |
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1831 |
25875 | 1832 Here's how the standard face @code{region} is defined: |
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1833 |
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1834 @example |
25875 | 1835 @group |
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1836 '((((class color) (min-colors 88) (background dark)) |
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1837 :background "blue3") |
25875 | 1838 @end group |
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1839 (((class color) (min-colors 88) (background light)) |
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1840 :background "lightgoldenrod2") |
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1841 (((class color) (min-colors 16) (background dark)) |
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1842 :background "blue3") |
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1843 (((class color) (min-colors 16) (background light)) |
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1844 :background "lightgoldenrod2") |
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1845 (((class color) (min-colors 8)) |
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1846 :background "blue" :foreground "white") |
25875 | 1847 (((type tty) (class mono)) |
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1848 :inverse-video t) |
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1849 (t :background "gray")) |
25875 | 1850 @group |
1851 "Basic face for highlighting the region." | |
1852 :group 'basic-faces) | |
1853 @end group | |
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1854 @end example |
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1855 |
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1856 Internally, @code{defface} uses the symbol property |
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1857 @code{face-defface-spec} to record the face attributes specified in |
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1858 @code{defface}, @code{saved-face} for the attributes saved by the user |
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1859 with the customization buffer, @code{customized-face} for the |
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1860 attributes customized by the user for the current session, but not |
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1861 saved, and @code{face-documentation} for the documentation string. |
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1862 |
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1863 @defopt frame-background-mode |
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1864 This option, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the background type to use for |
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1865 interpreting face definitions. If it is @code{dark}, then Emacs treats |
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1866 all frames as if they had a dark background, regardless of their actual |
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1867 background colors. If it is @code{light}, then Emacs treats all frames |
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1868 as if they had a light background. |
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1869 @end defopt |
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1870 |
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1871 @node Face Attributes |
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1872 @subsection Face Attributes |
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1873 @cindex face attributes |
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1874 |
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1875 The effect of using a face is determined by a fixed set of @dfn{face |
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1876 attributes}. This table lists all the face attributes, and what they |
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1877 mean. You can specify more than one face for a given piece of text; |
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1878 Emacs merges the attributes of all the faces to determine how to |
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1879 display the text. @xref{Displaying Faces}. |
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1880 |
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1881 Any attribute in a face can have the value @code{unspecified}. This |
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1882 means the face doesn't specify that attribute. In face merging, when |
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1883 the first face fails to specify a particular attribute, that means the |
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1884 next face gets a chance. However, the @code{default} face must |
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1885 specify all attributes. |
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1886 |
25875 | 1887 Some of these font attributes are meaningful only on certain kinds of |
1888 displays---if your display cannot handle a certain attribute, the | |
1889 attribute is ignored. (The attributes @code{:family}, @code{:width}, | |
1890 @code{:height}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} correspond to parts of | |
1891 an X Logical Font Descriptor.) | |
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1892 |
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1893 @table @code |
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1894 @item :family |
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1895 Font family name, or fontset name (@pxref{Fontsets}). If you specify a |
25875 | 1896 font family name, the wild-card characters @samp{*} and @samp{?} are |
1897 allowed. | |
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1898 |
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1899 @item :width |
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1900 Relative proportionate width, also known as the character set width or |
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1901 set width. This should be one of the symbols @code{ultra-condensed}, |
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1902 @code{extra-condensed}, @code{condensed}, @code{semi-condensed}, |
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1903 @code{normal}, @code{semi-expanded}, @code{expanded}, |
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1904 @code{extra-expanded}, or @code{ultra-expanded}. |
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1905 |
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1906 @item :height |
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1907 Either the font height, an integer in units of 1/10 point, a floating |
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1908 point number specifying the amount by which to scale the height of any |
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1909 underlying face, or a function, which is called with the old height |
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1910 (from the underlying face), and should return the new height. |
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1911 |
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1912 @item :weight |
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1913 Font weight---a symbol from this series (from most dense to most faint): |
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1914 @code{ultra-bold}, @code{extra-bold}, @code{bold}, @code{semi-bold}, |
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1915 @code{normal}, @code{semi-light}, @code{light}, @code{extra-light}, |
25875 | 1916 or @code{ultra-light}. |
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1917 |
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1918 On a text-only terminal, any weight greater than normal is displayed as |
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1919 extra bright, and any weight less than normal is displayed as |
25875 | 1920 half-bright (provided the terminal supports the feature). |
1921 | |
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1922 @item :slant |
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1923 Font slant---one of the symbols @code{italic}, @code{oblique}, @code{normal}, |
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1924 @code{reverse-italic}, or @code{reverse-oblique}. |
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1925 |
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1926 On a text-only terminal, slanted text is displayed as half-bright, if |
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1927 the terminal supports the feature. |
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1928 |
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1929 @item :foreground |
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1930 Foreground color, a string. The value can be a system-defined color |
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1931 name, or a hexadecimal color specification of the form |
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1932 @samp{#@var{rr}@var{gg}@var{bb}}. (@samp{#000000} is black, |
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1933 @samp{#ff0000} is red, @samp{#00ff00} is green, @samp{#0000ff} is |
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1934 blue, and @samp{#ffffff} is white.) |
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1935 |
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1936 @item :background |
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1937 Background color, a string, like the foreground color. |
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1938 |
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1939 @item :inverse-video |
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1940 Whether or not characters should be displayed in inverse video. The |
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1941 value should be @code{t} (yes) or @code{nil} (no). |
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1942 |
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1943 @item :stipple |
25875 | 1944 The background stipple, a bitmap. |
1945 | |
1946 The value can be a string; that should be the name of a file containing | |
1947 external-format X bitmap data. The file is found in the directories | |
1948 listed in the variable @code{x-bitmap-file-path}. | |
1949 | |
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1950 Alternatively, the value can specify the bitmap directly, with a list |
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1951 of the form @code{(@var{width} @var{height} @var{data})}. Here, |
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1952 @var{width} and @var{height} specify the size in pixels, and |
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1953 @var{data} is a string containing the raw bits of the bitmap, row by |
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1954 row. Each row occupies @math{(@var{width} + 7) / 8} consecutive bytes |
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1955 in the string (which should be a unibyte string for best results). |
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1956 This means that each row always occupies at least one whole byte. |
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1957 |
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1958 If the value is @code{nil}, that means use no stipple pattern. |
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1959 |
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1960 Normally you do not need to set the stipple attribute, because it is |
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1961 used automatically to handle certain shades of gray. |
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1962 |
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1963 @item :underline |
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1964 Whether or not characters should be underlined, and in what color. If |
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1965 the value is @code{t}, underlining uses the foreground color of the |
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1966 face. If the value is a string, underlining uses that color. The |
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1967 value @code{nil} means do not underline. |
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1968 |
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1969 @item :overline |
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1970 Whether or not characters should be overlined, and in what color. |
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1971 The value is used like that of @code{:underline}. |
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1972 |
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1973 @item :strike-through |
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1974 Whether or not characters should be strike-through, and in what |
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1975 color. The value is used like that of @code{:underline}. |
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1976 |
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1977 @item :inherit |
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1978 The name of a face from which to inherit attributes, or a list of face |
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1979 names. Attributes from inherited faces are merged into the face like an |
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1980 underlying face would be, with higher priority than underlying faces. |
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1981 If a list of faces is used, attributes from faces earlier in the list |
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1982 override those from later faces. |
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1983 |
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1984 @item :box |
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1985 Whether or not a box should be drawn around characters, its color, the |
25875 | 1986 width of the box lines, and 3D appearance. |
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1987 @end table |
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1988 |
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1989 Here are the possible values of the @code{:box} attribute, and what |
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1990 they mean: |
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1991 |
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1992 @table @asis |
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1993 @item @code{nil} |
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1994 Don't draw a box. |
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1995 |
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1996 @item @code{t} |
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1997 Draw a box with lines of width 1, in the foreground color. |
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1998 |
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1999 @item @var{color} |
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2000 Draw a box with lines of width 1, in color @var{color}. |
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2001 |
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2002 @item @code{(:line-width @var{width} :color @var{color} :style @var{style})} |
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2003 This way you can explicitly specify all aspects of the box. The value |
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2004 @var{width} specifies the width of the lines to draw; it defaults to 1. |
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2005 |
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2006 The value @var{color} specifies the color to draw with. The default is |
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2007 the foreground color of the face for simple boxes, and the background |
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2008 color of the face for 3D boxes. |
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2009 |
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2010 The value @var{style} specifies whether to draw a 3D box. If it is |
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2011 @code{released-button}, the box looks like a 3D button that is not being |
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2012 pressed. If it is @code{pressed-button}, the box looks like a 3D button |
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2013 that is being pressed. If it is @code{nil} or omitted, a plain 2D box |
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2014 is used. |
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2015 @end table |
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2016 |
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2017 In older versions of Emacs, before @code{:family}, @code{:height}, |
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2018 @code{:width}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} existed, these |
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2019 attributes were used to specify the type face. They are now |
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2020 semi-obsolete, but they still work: |
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2021 |
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2022 @table @code |
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2023 @item :font |
25875 | 2024 This attribute specifies the font name. |
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2025 |
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2026 @item :bold |
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2027 A non-@code{nil} value specifies a bold font. |
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2028 |
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2029 @item :italic |
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2030 A non-@code{nil} value specifies an italic font. |
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2031 @end table |
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2032 |
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2033 For compatibility, you can still set these ``attributes,'' even |
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2034 though they are not real face attributes. Here is what that does: |
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2035 |
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2036 @table @code |
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2037 @item :font |
25875 | 2038 You can specify an X font name as the ``value'' of this ``attribute''; |
2039 that sets the @code{:family}, @code{:width}, @code{:height}, | |
2040 @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} attributes according to the font name. | |
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2041 |
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|
2042 If the value is a pattern with wildcards, the first font that matches |
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|
2043 the pattern is used to set these attributes. |
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|
2044 |
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|
2045 @item :bold |
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|
2046 A non-@code{nil} makes the face bold; @code{nil} makes it normal. |
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|
2047 This actually works by setting the @code{:weight} attribute. |
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|
2048 |
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|
2049 @item :italic |
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|
2050 A non-@code{nil} makes the face italic; @code{nil} makes it normal. |
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|
2051 This actually works by setting the @code{:slant} attribute. |
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|
2052 @end table |
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|
2053 |
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|
2054 @defvar x-bitmap-file-path |
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|
2055 This variable specifies a list of directories for searching |
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|
2056 for bitmap files, for the @code{:stipple} attribute. |
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2057 @end defvar |
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|
2058 |
25911
b192e4e3a9f5
Rename pixmap-spec-p to bitmap-spec-p.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
25875
diff
changeset
|
2059 @defun bitmap-spec-p object |
42888
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
changeset
|
2060 This returns @code{t} if @var{object} is a valid bitmap specification, |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
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|
2061 suitable for use with @code{:stipple} (see above). It returns |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
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|
2062 @code{nil} otherwise. |
25875 | 2063 @end defun |
2064 | |
25751
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|
2065 @node Attribute Functions |
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|
2066 @subsection Face Attribute Functions |
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2067 |
72208
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(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72175
diff
changeset
|
2068 This section describes the functions for accessing and modifying the |
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72175
diff
changeset
|
2069 attributes of an existing face. |
25751
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|
2070 |
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|
2071 @defun set-face-attribute face frame &rest arguments |
72175
c9a89b23ca0f
(Face Attributes): Simplify wording.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72058
diff
changeset
|
2072 This function sets one or more attributes of face @var{face} for frame |
c9a89b23ca0f
(Face Attributes): Simplify wording.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72058
diff
changeset
|
2073 @var{frame}. The attributes you specify this way override whatever |
c9a89b23ca0f
(Face Attributes): Simplify wording.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72058
diff
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|
2074 the @code{defface} says. |
25751
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|
2075 |
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|
2076 The extra arguments @var{arguments} specify the attributes to set, and |
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parents:
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2077 the values for them. They should consist of alternating attribute names |
25875 | 2078 (such as @code{:family} or @code{:underline}) and corresponding values. |
25751
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|
2079 Thus, |
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|
2080 |
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|
2081 @example |
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|
2082 (set-face-attribute 'foo nil |
46721
12862351ee03
Fix set-face-attribute example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46338
diff
changeset
|
2083 :width 'extended |
12862351ee03
Fix set-face-attribute example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46338
diff
changeset
|
2084 :weight 'bold |
25751
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|
2085 :underline "red") |
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|
2086 @end example |
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|
2087 |
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|
2088 @noindent |
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|
2089 sets the attributes @code{:width}, @code{:weight} and @code{:underline} |
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|
2090 to the corresponding values. |
72175
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(Face Attributes): Simplify wording.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2091 |
72208
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2092 If @var{frame} is @code{t}, this function sets the default attributes |
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72175
diff
changeset
|
2093 for new frames. Default attribute values specified this way override |
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72175
diff
changeset
|
2094 the @code{defface} for newly created frames. |
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2095 |
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2096 If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, this function sets the attributes for |
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72175
diff
changeset
|
2097 all existing frames, and the default for new frames. |
25751
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|
2098 @end defun |
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|
2099 |
46240
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Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2100 @defun face-attribute face attribute &optional frame inherit |
25751
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|
2101 This returns the value of the @var{attribute} attribute of face |
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|
2102 @var{face} on @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
2103 that means the selected frame (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
25751
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|
2104 |
72175
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(Face Attributes): Simplify wording.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2105 If @var{frame} is @code{t}, this returns whatever new-frames default |
c9a89b23ca0f
(Face Attributes): Simplify wording.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2106 value you previously specified with @code{set-face-attribute} for the |
c9a89b23ca0f
(Face Attributes): Simplify wording.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2107 @var{attribute} attribute of @var{face}. If you have not specified |
c9a89b23ca0f
(Face Attributes): Simplify wording.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2108 one, it returns @code{nil}. |
25751
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|
2109 |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2110 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only attributes directly defined by |
46240
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2111 @var{face} are considered, so the return value may be |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2112 @code{unspecified}, or a relative value. If @var{inherit} is |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2113 non-@code{nil}, @var{face}'s definition of @var{attribute} is merged |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2114 with the faces specified by its @code{:inherit} attribute; however the |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2115 return value may still be @code{unspecified} or relative. If |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2116 @var{inherit} is a face or a list of faces, then the result is further |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2117 merged with that face (or faces), until it becomes specified and |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2118 absolute. |
46240
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2119 |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2120 To ensure that the return value is always specified and absolute, use |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2121 a value of @code{default} for @var{inherit}; this will resolve any |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2122 unspecified or relative values by merging with the @code{default} face |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2123 (which is always completely specified). |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2124 |
25751
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changeset
|
2125 For example, |
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changeset
|
2126 |
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changeset
|
2127 @example |
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|
2128 (face-attribute 'bold :weight) |
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|
2129 @result{} bold |
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|
2130 @end example |
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|
2131 @end defun |
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|
2132 |
46240
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2133 @defun face-attribute-relative-p attribute value |
71643
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2134 This function returns non-@code{nil} if @var{value}, when used as the |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2135 value of the face attribute @var{attribute}, is relative. This means |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2136 it would modify, rather than completely override, any value that comes |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2137 from a subsequent face in the face list or that is inherited from |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2138 another face. |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2139 |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2140 @code{unspecified} is a relative value for all attributes. |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2141 For @code{:height}, floating point values are also relative. |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2142 |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2143 For example: |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2144 |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2145 @example |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2146 (read-face-name "Describe face" "= `default' face" t) |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2147 @end example |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2148 |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71638
diff
changeset
|
2149 prompts with @samp{Describe face (default = `default' face): }. |
46240
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2150 @end defun |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2151 |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2152 @defun merge-face-attribute attribute value1 value2 |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2153 If @var{value1} is a relative value for the face attribute |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2154 @var{attribute}, returns it merged with the underlying value |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2155 @var{value2}; otherwise, if @var{value1} is an absolute value for the |
51000
72af65197e01
Fix typos. Patch from Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
2156 face attribute @var{attribute}, returns @var{value1} unchanged. |
46240
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2157 @end defun |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2158 |
71730
cd88ff0d05f5
(Attribute Functions): Move paragraph about compatibility with Emacs < 21.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71719
diff
changeset
|
2159 The functions above did not exist before Emacs 21. For compatibility |
cd88ff0d05f5
(Attribute Functions): Move paragraph about compatibility with Emacs < 21.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71719
diff
changeset
|
2160 with older Emacs versions, you can use the following functions to set |
cd88ff0d05f5
(Attribute Functions): Move paragraph about compatibility with Emacs < 21.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71719
diff
changeset
|
2161 and examine the face attributes which existed in those versions. |
72208
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72175
diff
changeset
|
2162 They use values of @code{t} and @code{nil} for @var{frame} |
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72175
diff
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|
2163 just like @code{set-face-attribute} and @code{face-attribute}. |
71730
cd88ff0d05f5
(Attribute Functions): Move paragraph about compatibility with Emacs < 21.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71719
diff
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|
2164 |
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2165 @defun set-face-foreground face color &optional frame |
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2166 @defunx set-face-background face color &optional frame |
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|
2167 These functions set the foreground (or background, respectively) color |
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|
2168 of face @var{face} to @var{color}. The argument @var{color} should be a |
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|
2169 string, the name of a color. |
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|
2170 |
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|
2171 Certain shades of gray are implemented by stipple patterns on |
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|
2172 black-and-white screens. |
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|
2173 @end defun |
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|
2174 |
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|
2175 @defun set-face-stipple face pattern &optional frame |
42888
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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42827
diff
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|
2176 This function sets the background stipple pattern of face @var{face} |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2177 to @var{pattern}. The argument @var{pattern} should be the name of a |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
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|
2178 stipple pattern defined by the X server, or actual bitmap data |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
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|
2179 (@pxref{Face Attributes}), or @code{nil} meaning don't use stipple. |
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2180 |
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2181 Normally there is no need to pay attention to stipple patterns, because |
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2182 they are used automatically to handle certain shades of gray. |
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2183 @end defun |
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|
2184 |
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|
2185 @defun set-face-font face font &optional frame |
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747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2186 This function sets the font of face @var{face}. This actually sets |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2187 the attributes @code{:family}, @code{:width}, @code{:height}, |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2188 @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} according to the font name |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
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|
2189 @var{font}. |
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2190 @end defun |
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|
2191 |
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2192 @defun set-face-bold-p face bold-p &optional frame |
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|
2193 This function specifies whether @var{face} should be bold. If |
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|
2194 @var{bold-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means yes; @code{nil} means no. |
60442
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(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
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parents:
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|
2195 This actually sets the @code{:weight} attribute. |
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2196 @end defun |
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|
2197 |
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|
2198 @defun set-face-italic-p face italic-p &optional frame |
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|
2199 This function specifies whether @var{face} should be italic. If |
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|
2200 @var{italic-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means yes; @code{nil} means no. |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
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parents:
60218
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|
2201 This actually sets the @code{:slant} attribute. |
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|
2202 @end defun |
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|
2203 |
75592
fa3660d23cc6
(Attribute Functions): Fix name and description of the UNDERLINE arg
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
75348
diff
changeset
|
2204 @defun set-face-underline-p face underline &optional frame |
25751
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|
2205 This function sets the underline attribute of face @var{face}. |
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|
2206 Non-@code{nil} means do underline; @code{nil} means don't. |
75592
fa3660d23cc6
(Attribute Functions): Fix name and description of the UNDERLINE arg
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
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|
2207 If @var{underline} is a string, underline with that color. |
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|
2208 @end defun |
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|
2209 |
65073
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(Attribute Functions): Add set-face-inverse-video-p.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
64921
diff
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|
2210 @defun set-face-inverse-video-p face inverse-video-p &optional frame |
408e294257ab
(Attribute Functions): Add set-face-inverse-video-p.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
64921
diff
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|
2211 This function sets the @code{:inverse-video} attribute of face |
408e294257ab
(Attribute Functions): Add set-face-inverse-video-p.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
64921
diff
changeset
|
2212 @var{face}. |
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(Attribute Functions): Add set-face-inverse-video-p.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
64921
diff
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|
2213 @end defun |
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(Attribute Functions): Add set-face-inverse-video-p.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
64921
diff
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|
2214 |
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|
2215 @defun invert-face face &optional frame |
65073
408e294257ab
(Attribute Functions): Add set-face-inverse-video-p.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
64921
diff
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|
2216 This function swaps the foreground and background colors of face |
408e294257ab
(Attribute Functions): Add set-face-inverse-video-p.
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parents:
64921
diff
changeset
|
2217 @var{face}. |
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|
2218 @end defun |
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|
2219 |
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|
2220 These functions examine the attributes of a face. If you don't |
72208
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72175
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|
2221 specify @var{frame}, they refer to the selected frame; @code{t} refers |
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(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
2222 to the default data for new frames. They return the symbol |
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72175
diff
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|
2223 @code{unspecified} if the face doesn't define any value for that |
513c469ffd50
(Face Functions): Fix explanations of FRAME=t or nil.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
2224 attribute. |
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2225 |
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fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2226 @defun face-foreground face &optional frame inherit |
65073
408e294257ab
(Attribute Functions): Add set-face-inverse-video-p.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
64921
diff
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|
2227 @defunx face-background face &optional frame inherit |
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|
2228 These functions return the foreground color (or background color, |
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|
2229 respectively) of face @var{face}, as a string. |
46245
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Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
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|
2230 |
54777 | 2231 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only a color directly defined by the face is |
2232 returned. If @var{inherit} is non-@code{nil}, any faces specified by its | |
46245
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
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|
2233 @code{:inherit} attribute are considered as well, and if @var{inherit} |
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
changeset
|
2234 is a face or a list of faces, then they are also considered, until a |
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
changeset
|
2235 specified color is found. To ensure that the return value is always |
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
changeset
|
2236 specified, use a value of @code{default} for @var{inherit}. |
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|
2237 @end defun |
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|
2238 |
46245
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Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
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|
2239 @defun face-stipple face &optional frame inherit |
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|
2240 This function returns the name of the background stipple pattern of face |
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|
2241 @var{face}, or @code{nil} if it doesn't have one. |
46245
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2242 |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2243 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only a stipple directly defined by the |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2244 face is returned. If @var{inherit} is non-@code{nil}, any faces |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2245 specified by its @code{:inherit} attribute are considered as well, and |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
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|
2246 if @var{inherit} is a face or a list of faces, then they are also |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2247 considered, until a specified stipple is found. To ensure that the |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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diff
changeset
|
2248 return value is always specified, use a value of @code{default} for |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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diff
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|
2249 @var{inherit}. |
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|
2250 @end defun |
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|
2251 |
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|
2252 @defun face-font face &optional frame |
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|
2253 This function returns the name of the font of face @var{face}. |
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|
2254 @end defun |
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|
2255 |
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|
2256 @defun face-bold-p face &optional frame |
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|
2257 This function returns @code{t} if @var{face} is bold---that is, if it is |
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|
2258 bolder than normal. It returns @code{nil} otherwise. |
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|
2259 @end defun |
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|
2260 |
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|
2261 @defun face-italic-p face &optional frame |
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|
2262 This function returns @code{t} if @var{face} is italic or oblique, |
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|
2263 @code{nil} otherwise. |
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|
2264 @end defun |
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|
2265 |
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|
2266 @defun face-underline-p face &optional frame |
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|
2267 This function returns the @code{:underline} attribute of face @var{face}. |
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|
2268 @end defun |
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|
2269 |
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|
2270 @defun face-inverse-video-p face &optional frame |
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|
2271 This function returns the @code{:inverse-video} attribute of face @var{face}. |
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|
2272 @end defun |
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|
2273 |
59277
120ce8e206a5
(Face Attributes): Describe hex color specs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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59212
diff
changeset
|
2274 @node Displaying Faces |
120ce8e206a5
(Face Attributes): Describe hex color specs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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59212
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changeset
|
2275 @subsection Displaying Faces |
6598 | 2276 |
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|
2277 Here are the ways to specify which faces to use for display of text: |
6598 | 2278 |
2279 @itemize @bullet | |
2280 @item | |
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|
2281 With defaults. The @code{default} face is used as the ultimate |
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|
2282 default for all text. (In Emacs 19 and 20, the @code{default} |
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|
2283 face is used only when no other face is specified.) |
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|
2284 |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
2285 @item |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
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|
2286 For a mode line or header line, the face @code{mode-line} or |
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2287 @code{mode-line-inactive}, or @code{header-line}, is merged in just |
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2288 before @code{default}. |
6598 | 2289 |
2290 @item | |
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2291 With text properties. A character can have a @code{face} property; if |
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2292 so, the faces and face attributes specified there apply. @xref{Special |
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2293 Properties}. |
6598 | 2294 |
2295 If the character has a @code{mouse-face} property, that is used instead | |
2296 of the @code{face} property when the mouse is ``near enough'' to the | |
2297 character. | |
2298 | |
2299 @item | |
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2300 With overlays. An overlay can have @code{face} and @code{mouse-face} |
6598 | 2301 properties too; they apply to all the text covered by the overlay. |
2302 | |
2303 @item | |
12098 | 2304 With a region that is active. In Transient Mark mode, the region is |
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2305 highlighted with the face @code{region} (@pxref{Standard Faces,,, |
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2306 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
12098 | 2307 |
2308 @item | |
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2309 With special glyphs. Each glyph can specify a particular face |
6598 | 2310 number. @xref{Glyphs}. |
2311 @end itemize | |
2312 | |
2313 If these various sources together specify more than one face for a | |
2314 particular character, Emacs merges the attributes of the various faces | |
60503
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2315 specified. For each attribute, Emacs tries first the face of any |
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2316 special glyph; then the face for region highlighting, if appropriate; |
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2317 then the faces specified by overlays, followed by those specified by |
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2318 text properties, then the @code{mode-line} or |
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2319 @code{mode-line-inactive} or @code{header-line} face (if in a mode |
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2320 line or a header line), and last the @code{default} face. |
6598 | 2321 |
2322 When multiple overlays cover one character, an overlay with higher | |
2323 priority overrides those with lower priority. @xref{Overlays}. | |
2324 | |
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2325 @node Font Selection |
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2326 @subsection Font Selection |
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2327 |
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2328 @dfn{Selecting a font} means mapping the specified face attributes for |
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2329 a character to a font that is available on a particular display. The |
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2330 face attributes, as determined by face merging, specify most of the |
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2331 font choice, but not all. Part of the choice depends on what character |
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2332 it is. |
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2333 |
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2334 If the face specifies a fontset name, that fontset determines a |
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2335 pattern for fonts of the given charset. If the face specifies a font |
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2336 family, a font pattern is constructed. |
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2337 |
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2338 Emacs tries to find an available font for the given face attributes |
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2339 and character's registry and encoding. If there is a font that matches |
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2340 exactly, it is used, of course. The hard case is when no available font |
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2341 exactly fits the specification. Then Emacs looks for one that is |
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2342 ``close''---one attribute at a time. You can specify the order to |
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2343 consider the attributes. In the case where a specified font family is |
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2344 not available, you can specify a set of mappings for alternatives to |
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2345 try. |
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2346 |
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2347 @defvar face-font-selection-order |
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2348 This variable specifies the order of importance of the face attributes |
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2349 @code{:width}, @code{:height}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant}. The |
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2350 value should be a list containing those four symbols, in order of |
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2351 decreasing importance. |
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2352 |
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2353 Font selection first finds the best available matches for the first |
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2354 attribute listed; then, among the fonts which are best in that way, it |
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2355 searches for the best matches in the second attribute, and so on. |
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2356 |
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2357 The attributes @code{:weight} and @code{:width} have symbolic values in |
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2358 a range centered around @code{normal}. Matches that are more extreme |
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2359 (farther from @code{normal}) are somewhat preferred to matches that are |
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2360 less extreme (closer to @code{normal}); this is designed to ensure that |
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2361 non-normal faces contrast with normal ones, whenever possible. |
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2362 |
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2363 The default is @code{(:width :height :weight :slant)}, which means first |
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2364 find the fonts closest to the specified @code{:width}, then---among the |
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2365 fonts with that width---find a best match for the specified font height, |
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2366 and so on. |
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2367 |
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2368 One example of a case where this variable makes a difference is when the |
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2369 default font has no italic equivalent. With the default ordering, the |
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2370 @code{italic} face will use a non-italic font that is similar to the |
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2371 default one. But if you put @code{:slant} before @code{:height}, the |
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2372 @code{italic} face will use an italic font, even if its height is not |
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2373 quite right. |
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2374 @end defvar |
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2375 |
33373 | 2376 @defvar face-font-family-alternatives |
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2377 This variable lets you specify alternative font families to try, if a |
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2378 given family is specified and doesn't exist. Each element should have |
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2379 this form: |
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2380 |
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2381 @example |
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2382 (@var{family} @var{alternate-families}@dots{}) |
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2383 @end example |
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2384 |
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2385 If @var{family} is specified but not available, Emacs will try the other |
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2386 families given in @var{alternate-families}, one by one, until it finds a |
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2387 family that does exist. |
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2388 @end defvar |
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2389 |
33373 | 2390 @defvar face-font-registry-alternatives |
2391 This variable lets you specify alternative font registries to try, if a | |
2392 given registry is specified and doesn't exist. Each element should have | |
2393 this form: | |
2394 | |
2395 @example | |
2396 (@var{registry} @var{alternate-registries}@dots{}) | |
2397 @end example | |
2398 | |
2399 If @var{registry} is specified but not available, Emacs will try the | |
2400 other registries given in @var{alternate-registries}, one by one, | |
2401 until it finds a registry that does exist. | |
2402 @end defvar | |
2403 | |
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2404 Emacs can make use of scalable fonts, but by default it does not use |
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2405 them, since the use of too many or too big scalable fonts can crash |
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2406 XFree86 servers. |
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2407 |
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2408 @defvar scalable-fonts-allowed |
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2409 This variable controls which scalable fonts to use. A value of |
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2410 @code{nil}, the default, means do not use scalable fonts. @code{t} |
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2411 means to use any scalable font that seems appropriate for the text. |
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2412 |
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2413 Otherwise, the value must be a list of regular expressions. Then a |
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2414 scalable font is enabled for use if its name matches any regular |
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2415 expression in the list. For example, |
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2416 |
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2417 @example |
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2418 (setq scalable-fonts-allowed '("muleindian-2$")) |
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2419 @end example |
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2420 |
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2421 @noindent |
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2422 allows the use of scalable fonts with registry @code{muleindian-2}. |
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2423 @end defvar |
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2424 |
52002
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2425 @defvar face-font-rescale-alist |
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2426 This variable specifies scaling for certain faces. Its value should |
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2427 be a list of elements of the form |
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2428 |
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2429 @example |
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2430 (@var{fontname-regexp} . @var{scale-factor}) |
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2431 @end example |
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2432 |
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2433 If @var{fontname-regexp} matches the font name that is about to be |
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2434 used, this says to choose a larger similar font according to the |
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2435 factor @var{scale-factor}. You would use this feature to normalize |
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2436 the font size if certain fonts are bigger or smaller than their |
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2437 nominal heights and widths would suggest. |
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2438 @end defvar |
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2439 |
6598 | 2440 @node Face Functions |
2441 @subsection Functions for Working with Faces | |
2442 | |
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2443 Here are additional functions for creating and working with faces. |
6598 | 2444 |
2445 @defun make-face name | |
2446 This function defines a new face named @var{name}, initially with all | |
2447 attributes @code{nil}. It does nothing if there is already a face named | |
2448 @var{name}. | |
2449 @end defun | |
2450 | |
2451 @defun face-list | |
2452 This function returns a list of all defined face names. | |
2453 @end defun | |
2454 | |
2455 @defun copy-face old-face new-name &optional frame new-frame | |
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2456 This function defines a face named @var{new-name} as a copy of the existing |
6598 | 2457 face named @var{old-face}. It creates the face @var{new-name} if that |
2458 doesn't already exist. | |
2459 | |
2460 If the optional argument @var{frame} is given, this function applies | |
2461 only to that frame. Otherwise it applies to each frame individually, | |
2462 copying attributes from @var{old-face} in each frame to @var{new-face} | |
2463 in the same frame. | |
2464 | |
2465 If the optional argument @var{new-frame} is given, then @code{copy-face} | |
2466 copies the attributes of @var{old-face} in @var{frame} to @var{new-name} | |
2467 in @var{new-frame}. | |
2468 @end defun | |
2469 | |
12098 | 2470 @defun face-id face |
21682
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2471 This function returns the face number of face @var{face}. |
6598 | 2472 @end defun |
2473 | |
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2474 @defun face-documentation face |
21007
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2475 This function returns the documentation string of face @var{face}, or |
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2476 @code{nil} if none was specified for it. |
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2477 @end defun |
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2478 |
6598 | 2479 @defun face-equal face1 face2 &optional frame |
2480 This returns @code{t} if the faces @var{face1} and @var{face2} have the | |
2481 same attributes for display. | |
2482 @end defun | |
2483 | |
2484 @defun face-differs-from-default-p face &optional frame | |
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2485 This returns non-@code{nil} if the face @var{face} displays |
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2486 differently from the default face. |
22252
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2487 @end defun |
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2488 |
63659
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2489 @cindex face alias |
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(Face Functions): Mention face aliases.
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2490 A @dfn{face alias} provides an equivalent name for a face. You can |
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2491 define a face alias by giving the alias symbol the @code{face-alias} |
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2492 property, with a value of the target face name. The following example |
63734
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2493 makes @code{modeline} an alias for the @code{mode-line} face. |
63659
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2494 |
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2495 @example |
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2496 (put 'modeline 'face-alias 'mode-line) |
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2497 @end example |
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2498 |
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2499 |
25751
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2500 @node Auto Faces |
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2501 @subsection Automatic Face Assignment |
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2502 @cindex automatic face assignment |
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2503 @cindex faces, automatic choice |
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2504 |
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2505 @cindex Font-Lock mode |
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2506 This hook is used for automatically assigning faces to text in the |
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2507 buffer. It is part of the implementation of Font-Lock mode. |
25751
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2508 |
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2509 @defvar fontification-functions |
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2510 This variable holds a list of functions that are called by Emacs |
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2511 redisplay as needed to assign faces automatically to text in the buffer. |
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2512 |
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2513 The functions are called in the order listed, with one argument, a |
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2514 buffer position @var{pos}. Each function should attempt to assign faces |
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2515 to the text in the current buffer starting at @var{pos}. |
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2516 |
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2517 Each function should record the faces they assign by setting the |
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2518 @code{face} property. It should also add a non-@code{nil} |
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2519 @code{fontified} property for all the text it has assigned faces to. |
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2520 That property tells redisplay that faces have been assigned to that text |
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2521 already. |
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2522 |
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2523 It is probably a good idea for each function to do nothing if the |
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2524 character after @var{pos} already has a non-@code{nil} @code{fontified} |
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2525 property, but this is not required. If one function overrides the |
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2526 assignments made by a previous one, the properties as they are |
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2527 after the last function finishes are the ones that really matter. |
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2528 |
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2529 For efficiency, we recommend writing these functions so that they |
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2530 usually assign faces to around 400 to 600 characters at each call. |
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2531 @end defvar |
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2532 |
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2533 @node Font Lookup |
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2534 @subsection Looking Up Fonts |
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2535 |
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2536 @defun x-list-fonts pattern &optional face frame maximum |
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2537 This function returns a list of available font names that match |
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2538 @var{pattern}. If the optional arguments @var{face} and @var{frame} are |
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2539 specified, then the list is limited to fonts that are the same size as |
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2540 @var{face} currently is on @var{frame}. |
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2541 |
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2542 The argument @var{pattern} should be a string, perhaps with wildcard |
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2543 characters: the @samp{*} character matches any substring, and the |
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2544 @samp{?} character matches any single character. Pattern matching |
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2545 of font names ignores case. |
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2546 |
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2547 If you specify @var{face} and @var{frame}, @var{face} should be a face name |
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2548 (a symbol) and @var{frame} should be a frame. |
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2549 |
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2550 The optional argument @var{maximum} sets a limit on how many fonts to |
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2551 return. If this is non-@code{nil}, then the return value is truncated |
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2552 after the first @var{maximum} matching fonts. Specifying a small value |
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2553 for @var{maximum} can make this function much faster, in cases where |
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2554 many fonts match the pattern. |
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2555 @end defun |
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2556 |
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2557 @defun x-family-fonts &optional family frame |
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2558 This function returns a list describing the available fonts for family |
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2559 @var{family} on @var{frame}. If @var{family} is omitted or @code{nil}, |
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2560 this list applies to all families, and therefore, it contains all |
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2561 available fonts. Otherwise, @var{family} must be a string; it may |
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2562 contain the wildcards @samp{?} and @samp{*}. |
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2563 |
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2564 The list describes the display that @var{frame} is on; if @var{frame} is |
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2565 omitted or @code{nil}, it applies to the selected frame's display |
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|
2566 (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
25751
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2567 |
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2568 The list contains a vector of the following form for each font: |
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2569 |
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2570 @example |
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2571 [@var{family} @var{width} @var{point-size} @var{weight} @var{slant} |
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2572 @var{fixed-p} @var{full} @var{registry-and-encoding}] |
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2573 @end example |
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2574 |
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|
2575 The first five elements correspond to face attributes; if you |
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|
2576 specify these attributes for a face, it will use this font. |
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2577 |
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2578 The last three elements give additional information about the font. |
51652
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|
2579 @var{fixed-p} is non-@code{nil} if the font is fixed-pitch. |
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2580 @var{full} is the full name of the font, and |
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|
2581 @var{registry-and-encoding} is a string giving the registry and |
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|
2582 encoding of the font. |
25751
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2583 |
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2584 The result list is sorted according to the current face font sort order. |
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|
2585 @end defun |
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|
2586 |
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|
2587 @defun x-font-family-list &optional frame |
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|
2588 This function returns a list of the font families available for |
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|
2589 @var{frame}'s display. If @var{frame} is omitted or @code{nil}, it |
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|
2590 describes the selected frame's display (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
25751
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2591 |
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2592 The value is a list of elements of this form: |
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|
2593 |
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|
2594 @example |
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2595 (@var{family} . @var{fixed-p}) |
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2596 @end example |
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2597 |
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2598 @noindent |
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2599 Here @var{family} is a font family, and @var{fixed-p} is |
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2600 non-@code{nil} if fonts of that family are fixed-pitch. |
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2601 @end defun |
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2602 |
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2603 @defvar font-list-limit |
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2604 This variable specifies maximum number of fonts to consider in font |
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2605 matching. The function @code{x-family-fonts} will not return more than |
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2606 that many fonts, and font selection will consider only that many fonts |
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2607 when searching a matching font for face attributes. The default is |
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2608 currently 100. |
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2609 @end defvar |
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2610 |
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2611 @node Fontsets |
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2612 @subsection Fontsets |
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2613 |
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2614 A @dfn{fontset} is a list of fonts, each assigned to a range of |
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2615 character codes. An individual font cannot display the whole range of |
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2616 characters that Emacs supports, but a fontset can. Fontsets have names, |
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2617 just as fonts do, and you can use a fontset name in place of a font name |
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2618 when you specify the ``font'' for a frame or a face. Here is |
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2619 information about defining a fontset under Lisp program control. |
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2620 |
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2621 @defun create-fontset-from-fontset-spec fontset-spec &optional style-variant-p noerror |
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2622 This function defines a new fontset according to the specification |
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2623 string @var{fontset-spec}. The string should have this format: |
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2624 |
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2625 @smallexample |
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2626 @var{fontpattern}, @r{[}@var{charsetname}:@var{fontname}@r{]@dots{}} |
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2627 @end smallexample |
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2628 |
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2629 @noindent |
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2630 Whitespace characters before and after the commas are ignored. |
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2631 |
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2632 The first part of the string, @var{fontpattern}, should have the form of |
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2633 a standard X font name, except that the last two fields should be |
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2634 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}}. |
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2635 |
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2636 The new fontset has two names, one long and one short. The long name is |
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2637 @var{fontpattern} in its entirety. The short name is |
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2638 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}}. You can refer to the fontset by either |
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2639 name. If a fontset with the same name already exists, an error is |
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2640 signaled, unless @var{noerror} is non-@code{nil}, in which case this |
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2641 function does nothing. |
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2642 |
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2643 If optional argument @var{style-variant-p} is non-@code{nil}, that says |
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2644 to create bold, italic and bold-italic variants of the fontset as well. |
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2645 These variant fontsets do not have a short name, only a long one, which |
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2646 is made by altering @var{fontpattern} to indicate the bold or italic |
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2647 status. |
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2648 |
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2649 The specification string also says which fonts to use in the fontset. |
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2650 See below for the details. |
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2651 @end defun |
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2652 |
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2653 The construct @samp{@var{charset}:@var{font}} specifies which font to |
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2654 use (in this fontset) for one particular character set. Here, |
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2655 @var{charset} is the name of a character set, and @var{font} is the font |
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2656 to use for that character set. You can use this construct any number of |
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2657 times in the specification string. |
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2658 |
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2659 For the remaining character sets, those that you don't specify |
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2660 explicitly, Emacs chooses a font based on @var{fontpattern}: it replaces |
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2661 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}} with a value that names one character set. |
52978
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Replace @sc{foo} with @acronym{FOO}.
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|
2662 For the @acronym{ASCII} character set, @samp{fontset-@var{alias}} is replaced |
25751
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2663 with @samp{ISO8859-1}. |
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2664 |
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2665 In addition, when several consecutive fields are wildcards, Emacs |
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2666 collapses them into a single wildcard. This is to prevent use of |
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2667 auto-scaled fonts. Fonts made by scaling larger fonts are not usable |
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2668 for editing, and scaling a smaller font is not useful because it is |
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2669 better to use the smaller font in its own size, which Emacs does. |
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2670 |
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2671 Thus if @var{fontpattern} is this, |
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2672 |
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2673 @example |
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2674 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-*-*-*-*-fontset-24 |
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2675 @end example |
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2676 |
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2677 @noindent |
52978
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Replace @sc{foo} with @acronym{FOO}.
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|
2678 the font specification for @acronym{ASCII} characters would be this: |
25751
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2679 |
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2680 @example |
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2681 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-ISO8859-1 |
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2682 @end example |
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2683 |
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2684 @noindent |
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2685 and the font specification for Chinese GB2312 characters would be this: |
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2686 |
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2687 @example |
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2688 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-gb2312*-* |
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2689 @end example |
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2690 |
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2691 You may not have any Chinese font matching the above font |
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2692 specification. Most X distributions include only Chinese fonts that |
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2693 have @samp{song ti} or @samp{fangsong ti} in the @var{family} field. In |
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2694 such a case, @samp{Fontset-@var{n}} can be specified as below: |
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2695 |
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2696 @smallexample |
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2697 Emacs.Fontset-0: -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-*-*-*-*-fontset-24,\ |
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2698 chinese-gb2312:-*-*-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-gb2312*-* |
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2699 @end smallexample |
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2700 |
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2701 @noindent |
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|
2702 Then, the font specifications for all but Chinese GB2312 characters have |
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2703 @samp{fixed} in the @var{family} field, and the font specification for |
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2704 Chinese GB2312 characters has a wild card @samp{*} in the @var{family} |
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2705 field. |
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2706 |
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(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
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|
2707 @defun set-fontset-font name character fontname &optional frame |
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|
2708 This function modifies the existing fontset @var{name} to |
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|
2709 use the font name @var{fontname} for the character @var{character}. |
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|
2710 |
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|
2711 If @var{name} is @code{nil}, this function modifies the default |
54023 | 2712 fontset, whose short name is @samp{fontset-default}. |
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|
2713 |
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|
2714 @var{character} may be a cons; @code{(@var{from} . @var{to})}, where |
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|
2715 @var{from} and @var{to} are non-generic characters. In that case, use |
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|
2716 @var{fontname} for all characters in the range @var{from} and @var{to} |
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|
2717 (inclusive). |
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|
2718 |
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|
2719 @var{character} may be a charset. In that case, use |
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|
2720 @var{fontname} for all character in the charsets. |
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Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2721 |
52940
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2722 @var{fontname} may be a cons; @code{(@var{family} . @var{registry})}, |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2723 where @var{family} is a family name of a font (possibly including a |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2724 foundry name at the head), @var{registry} is a registry name of a font |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2725 (possibly including an encoding name at the tail). |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2726 |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2727 For instance, this changes the default fontset to use a font of which |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2728 registry name is @samp{JISX0208.1983} for all characters belonging to |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2729 the charset @code{japanese-jisx0208}. |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2730 |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
2731 @smallexample |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2732 (set-fontset-font nil 'japanese-jisx0208 '(nil . "JISX0208.1983")) |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
2733 @end smallexample |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2734 @end defun |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2735 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2736 @defun char-displayable-p char |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2737 This function returns @code{t} if Emacs ought to be able to display |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2738 @var{char}. More precisely, if the selected frame's fontset has a |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2739 font to display the character set that @var{char} belongs to. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2740 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2741 Fontsets can specify a font on a per-character basis; when the fontset |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2742 does that, this function's value may not be accurate. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2743 @end defun |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2744 |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2745 @node Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2746 @section Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2747 @cindex Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2748 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2749 The @dfn{fringes} of a window are thin vertical strips down the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2750 sides that are used for displaying bitmaps that indicate truncation, |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2751 continuation, horizontal scrolling, and the overlay arrow. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2752 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2753 @menu |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2754 * Fringe Size/Pos:: Specifying where to put the window fringes. |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2755 * Fringe Indicators:: Displaying indicator icons in the window fringes. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2756 * Fringe Cursors:: Displaying cursors in the right fringe. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2757 * Fringe Bitmaps:: Specifying bitmaps for fringe indicators. |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2758 * Customizing Bitmaps:: Specifying your own bitmaps to use in the fringes. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2759 * Overlay Arrow:: Display of an arrow to indicate position. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2760 @end menu |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2761 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2762 @node Fringe Size/Pos |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2763 @subsection Fringe Size and Position |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2764 |
65799
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2765 The following buffer-local variables control the position and width |
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2766 of the window fringes. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2767 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2768 @defvar fringes-outside-margins |
65799
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2769 The fringes normally appear between the display margins and the window |
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2770 text. If the value is non-@code{nil}, they appear outside the display |
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2771 margins. @xref{Display Margins}. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2772 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2773 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2774 @defvar left-fringe-width |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2775 This variable, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the width of the left |
65799
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2776 fringe in pixels. A value of @code{nil} means to use the left fringe |
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2777 width from the window's frame. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2778 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2779 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2780 @defvar right-fringe-width |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2781 This variable, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the width of the right |
65799
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2782 fringe in pixels. A value of @code{nil} means to use the right fringe |
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2783 width from the window's frame. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2784 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2785 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2786 The values of these variables take effect when you display the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2787 buffer in a window. If you change them while the buffer is visible, |
54023 | 2788 you can call @code{set-window-buffer} to display it once again in the |
2789 same window, to make the changes take effect. | |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2790 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2791 @defun set-window-fringes window left &optional right outside-margins |
54023 | 2792 This function sets the fringe widths of window @var{window}. |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2793 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2794 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2795 The argument @var{left} specifies the width in pixels of the left |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2796 fringe, and likewise @var{right} for the right fringe. A value of |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2797 @code{nil} for either one stands for the default width. If |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2798 @var{outside-margins} is non-@code{nil}, that specifies that fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2799 should appear outside of the display margins. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2800 @end defun |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2801 |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2802 @defun window-fringes &optional window |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2803 This function returns information about the fringes of a window |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2804 @var{window}. If @var{window} is omitted or @code{nil}, the selected |
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2805 window is used. The value has the form @code{(@var{left-width} |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2806 @var{right-width} @var{outside-margins})}. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2807 @end defun |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2808 |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2809 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2810 @node Fringe Indicators |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2811 @subsection Fringe Indicators |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2812 @cindex fringe indicators |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2813 @cindex indicators, fringe |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2814 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2815 The @dfn{fringe indicators} are tiny icons Emacs displays in the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2816 window fringe (on a graphic display) to indicate truncated or |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2817 continued lines, buffer boundaries, overlay arrow, etc. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2818 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2819 @defopt indicate-empty-lines |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2820 @cindex fringes, and empty line indication |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2821 When this is non-@code{nil}, Emacs displays a special glyph in the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2822 fringe of each empty line at the end of the buffer, on graphical |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2823 displays. @xref{Fringes}. This variable is automatically |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2824 buffer-local in every buffer. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2825 @end defopt |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2826 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2827 @defvar indicate-buffer-boundaries |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2828 This buffer-local variable controls how the buffer boundaries and |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2829 window scrolling are indicated in the window fringes. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2830 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2831 Emacs can indicate the buffer boundaries---that is, the first and last |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2832 line in the buffer---with angle icons when they appear on the screen. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2833 In addition, Emacs can display an up-arrow in the fringe to show |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2834 that there is text above the screen, and a down-arrow to show |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2835 there is text below the screen. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2836 |
72758
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2837 There are three kinds of basic values: |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2838 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2839 @table @asis |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2840 @item @code{nil} |
72758
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2841 Don't display any of these fringe icons. |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2842 @item @code{left} |
72758
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2843 Display the angle icons and arrows in the left fringe. |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2844 @item @code{right} |
72758
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2845 Display the angle icons and arrows in the right fringe. |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2846 @item any non-alist |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2847 Display the angle icons in the left fringe |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2848 and don't display the arrows. |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2849 @end table |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2850 |
72758
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2851 Otherwise the value should be an alist that specifies which fringe |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2852 indicators to display and where. Each element of the alist should |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2853 have the form @code{(@var{indicator} . @var{position})}. Here, |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2854 @var{indicator} is one of @code{top}, @code{bottom}, @code{up}, |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2855 @code{down}, and @code{t} (which covers all the icons not yet |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2856 specified), while @var{position} is one of @code{left}, @code{right} |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2857 and @code{nil}. |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2858 |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2859 For example, @code{((top . left) (t . right))} places the top angle |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2860 bitmap in left fringe, and the bottom angle bitmap as well as both |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2861 arrow bitmaps in right fringe. To show the angle bitmaps in the left |
525ad9d19a8b
(Fringe Indicators): Update for last change in indicate-buffer-boundaries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72571
diff
changeset
|
2862 fringe, and no arrow bitmaps, use @code{((top . left) (bottom . left))}. |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2863 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2864 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2865 @defvar default-indicate-buffer-boundaries |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2866 The value of this variable is the default value for |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2867 @code{indicate-buffer-boundaries} in buffers that do not override it. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2868 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2869 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2870 @defvar fringe-indicator-alist |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2871 This buffer-local variable specifies the mapping from logical fringe |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2872 indicators to the actual bitmaps displayed in the window fringes. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2873 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2874 These symbols identify the logical fringe indicators: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2875 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2876 @table @asis |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2877 @item Truncation and continuation line indicators: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2878 @code{truncation}, @code{continuation}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2879 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2880 @item Buffer position indicators: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2881 @code{up}, @code{down}, |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2882 @code{top}, @code{bottom}, |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2883 @code{top-bottom}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2884 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2885 @item Empty line indicator: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2886 @code{empty-line}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2887 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2888 @item Overlay arrow indicator: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2889 @code{overlay-arrow}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2890 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2891 @item Unknown bitmap indicator: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2892 @code{unknown}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2893 @end table |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2894 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2895 The value is an alist where each element @code{(@var{indicator} . @var{bitmaps})} |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2896 specifies the fringe bitmaps used to display a specific logical |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2897 fringe indicator. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2898 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2899 Here, @var{indicator} specifies the logical indicator type, and |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2900 @var{bitmaps} is list of symbols @code{(@var{left} @var{right} |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2901 [@var{left1} @var{right1}])} which specifies the actual bitmap shown |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2902 in the left or right fringe for the logical indicator. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2903 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2904 The @var{left} and @var{right} symbols specify the bitmaps shown in |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2905 the left and/or right fringe for the specific indicator. The |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2906 @var{left1} or @var{right1} bitmaps are used only for the `bottom' and |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2907 `top-bottom indicators when the last (only) line in has no final |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2908 newline. Alternatively, @var{bitmaps} may be a single symbol which is |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2909 used in both left and right fringes. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2910 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2911 When @code{fringe-indicator-alist} has a buffer-local value, and there |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2912 is no bitmap defined for a logical indicator, or the bitmap is |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2913 @code{t}, the corresponding value from the (non-local) |
69611
1d437dedbd3a
(Fringe Indicators): Fix typos.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
69521
diff
changeset
|
2914 @code{default-fringe-indicator-alist} is used. |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2915 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2916 To completely hide a specific indicator, set the bitmap to @code{nil}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2917 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2918 |
69611
1d437dedbd3a
(Fringe Indicators): Fix typos.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
69521
diff
changeset
|
2919 @defvar default-fringe-indicator-alist |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2920 The value of this variable is the default value for |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2921 @code{fringe-indicator-alist} in buffers that do not override it. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2922 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2923 |
71638 | 2924 Standard fringe bitmaps for indicators: |
2925 @example | |
2926 left-arrow right-arrow up-arrow down-arrow | |
2927 left-curly-arrow right-curly-arrow | |
2928 left-triangle right-triangle | |
2929 top-left-angle top-right-angle | |
2930 bottom-left-angle bottom-right-angle | |
2931 left-bracket right-bracket | |
2932 filled-rectangle hollow-rectangle | |
2933 filled-square hollow-square | |
2934 vertical-bar horizontal-bar | |
2935 empty-line question-mark | |
2936 @end example | |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2937 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2938 @node Fringe Cursors |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2939 @subsection Fringe Cursors |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2940 @cindex fringe cursors |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2941 @cindex cursor, fringe |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2942 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2943 When a line is exactly as wide as the window, Emacs displays the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2944 cursor in the right fringe instead of using two lines. Different |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2945 bitmaps are used to represent the cursor in the fringe depending on |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2946 the current buffer's cursor type. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2947 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2948 @table @asis |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2949 @item Logical cursor types: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2950 @code{box} , @code{hollow}, @code{bar}, |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2951 @code{hbar}, @code{hollow-small}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2952 @end table |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2953 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2954 The @code{hollow-small} type is used instead of @code{hollow} when the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2955 normal @code{hollow-rectangle} bitmap is too tall to fit on a specific |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2956 display line. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2957 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2958 @defvar overflow-newline-into-fringe |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2959 If this is non-@code{nil}, lines exactly as wide as the window (not |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2960 counting the final newline character) are not continued. Instead, |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2961 when point is at the end of the line, the cursor appears in the right |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2962 fringe. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2963 @end defvar |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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diff
changeset
|
2964 |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2965 @defvar fringe-cursor-alist |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2966 This variable specifies the mapping from logical cursor type to the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2967 actual fringe bitmaps displayed in the right fringe. The value is an |
71663 | 2968 alist where each element @code{(@var{cursor} . @var{bitmap})} specifies |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2969 the fringe bitmaps used to display a specific logical cursor type in |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2970 the fringe. Here, @var{cursor} specifies the logical cursor type and |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2971 @var{bitmap} is a symbol specifying the fringe bitmap to be displayed |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2972 for that logical cursor type. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2973 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2974 When @code{fringe-cursor-alist} has a buffer-local value, and there is |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2975 no bitmap defined for a cursor type, the corresponding value from the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2976 (non-local) @code{default-fringes-indicator-alist} is used. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2977 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2978 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2979 @defvar default-fringes-cursor-alist |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2980 The value of this variable is the default value for |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2981 @code{fringe-cursor-alist} in buffers that do not override it. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2982 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2983 |
71638 | 2984 Standard bitmaps for displaying the cursor in right fringe: |
2985 @example | |
2986 filled-rectangle hollow-rectangle filled-square hollow-square | |
2987 vertical-bar horizontal-bar | |
2988 @end example | |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2989 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2990 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2991 @node Fringe Bitmaps |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2992 @subsection Fringe Bitmaps |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2993 @cindex fringe bitmaps |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2994 @cindex bitmaps, fringe |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2995 |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2996 The @dfn{fringe bitmaps} are the actual bitmaps which represent the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2997 logical fringe indicators for truncated or continued lines, buffer |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2998 boundaries, overlay arrow, etc. Fringe bitmap symbols have their own |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2999 name space. The fringe bitmaps are shared by all frames and windows. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
3000 You can redefine the built-in fringe bitmaps, and you can define new |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
3001 fringe bitmaps. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3002 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3003 The way to display a bitmap in the left or right fringes for a given |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3004 line in a window is by specifying the @code{display} property for one |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3005 of the characters that appears in it. Use a display specification of |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3006 the form @code{(left-fringe @var{bitmap} [@var{face}])} or |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3007 @code{(right-fringe @var{bitmap} [@var{face}])} (@pxref{Display |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3008 Property}). Here, @var{bitmap} is a symbol identifying the bitmap you |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3009 want, and @var{face} (which is optional) is the name of the face whose |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3010 colors should be used for displaying the bitmap, instead of the |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3011 default @code{fringe} face. @var{face} is automatically merged with |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3012 the @code{fringe} face, so normally @var{face} need only specify the |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3013 foreground color for the bitmap. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3014 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3015 @defun fringe-bitmaps-at-pos &optional pos window |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3016 This function returns the fringe bitmaps of the display line |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3017 containing position @var{pos} in window @var{window}. The return |
57331
c02ec4a1158e
(Fringe Bitmaps): Update fringe-bitmaps-at-pos.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57274
diff
changeset
|
3018 value has the form @code{(@var{left} @var{right} @var{ov})}, where @var{left} |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
3019 is the symbol for the fringe bitmap in the left fringe (or @code{nil} |
57331
c02ec4a1158e
(Fringe Bitmaps): Update fringe-bitmaps-at-pos.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57274
diff
changeset
|
3020 if no bitmap), @var{right} is similar for the right fringe, and @var{ov} |
c02ec4a1158e
(Fringe Bitmaps): Update fringe-bitmaps-at-pos.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57274
diff
changeset
|
3021 is non-@code{nil} if there is an overlay arrow in the left fringe. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3022 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3023 The value is @code{nil} if @var{pos} is not visible in @var{window}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3024 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, that stands for the selected window. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3025 If @var{pos} is @code{nil}, that stands for the value of point in |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3026 @var{window}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3027 @end defun |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3028 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3029 @node Customizing Bitmaps |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3030 @subsection Customizing Fringe Bitmaps |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3031 |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
3032 @defun define-fringe-bitmap bitmap bits &optional height width align |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
3033 This function defines the symbol @var{bitmap} as a new fringe bitmap, |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
3034 or replaces an existing bitmap with that name. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3035 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3036 The argument @var{bits} specifies the image to use. It should be |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3037 either a string or a vector of integers, where each element (an |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3038 integer) corresponds to one row of the bitmap. Each bit of an integer |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
3039 corresponds to one pixel of the bitmap, where the low bit corresponds |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
3040 to the rightmost pixel of the bitmap. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3041 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3042 The height is normally the length of @var{bits}. However, you |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3043 can specify a different height with non-@code{nil} @var{height}. The width |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3044 is normally 8, but you can specify a different width with non-@code{nil} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3045 @var{width}. The width must be an integer between 1 and 16. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3046 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3047 The argument @var{align} specifies the positioning of the bitmap |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3048 relative to the range of rows where it is used; the default is to |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3049 center the bitmap. The allowed values are @code{top}, @code{center}, |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3050 or @code{bottom}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3051 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3052 The @var{align} argument may also be a list @code{(@var{align} |
57225 | 3053 @var{periodic})} where @var{align} is interpreted as described above. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3054 If @var{periodic} is non-@code{nil}, it specifies that the rows in |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3055 @code{bits} should be repeated enough times to reach the specified |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3056 height. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3057 @end defun |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3058 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3059 @defun destroy-fringe-bitmap bitmap |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3060 This function destroy the fringe bitmap identified by @var{bitmap}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3061 If @var{bitmap} identifies a standard fringe bitmap, it actually |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3062 restores the standard definition of that bitmap, instead of |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3063 eliminating it entirely. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3064 @end defun |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3065 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3066 @defun set-fringe-bitmap-face bitmap &optional face |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3067 This sets the face for the fringe bitmap @var{bitmap} to @var{face}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3068 If @var{face} is @code{nil}, it selects the @code{fringe} face. The |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3069 bitmap's face controls the color to draw it in. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3070 |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3071 @var{face} is merged with the @code{fringe} face, so normally |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3072 @var{face} should specify only the foreground color. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3073 @end defun |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3074 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3075 @node Overlay Arrow |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3076 @subsection The Overlay Arrow |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3077 @cindex overlay arrow |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3078 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3079 The @dfn{overlay arrow} is useful for directing the user's attention |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3080 to a particular line in a buffer. For example, in the modes used for |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3081 interface to debuggers, the overlay arrow indicates the line of code |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3082 about to be executed. This feature has nothing to do with |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3083 @dfn{overlays} (@pxref{Overlays}). |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3084 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3085 @defvar overlay-arrow-string |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3086 This variable holds the string to display to call attention to a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3087 particular line, or @code{nil} if the arrow feature is not in use. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3088 On a graphical display the contents of the string are ignored; instead a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3089 glyph is displayed in the fringe area to the left of the display area. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3090 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3091 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3092 @defvar overlay-arrow-position |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3093 This variable holds a marker that indicates where to display the overlay |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3094 arrow. It should point at the beginning of a line. On a non-graphical |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3095 display the arrow text |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3096 appears at the beginning of that line, overlaying any text that would |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3097 otherwise appear. Since the arrow is usually short, and the line |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3098 usually begins with indentation, normally nothing significant is |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3099 overwritten. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3100 |
66341
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3101 The overlay-arrow string is displayed in any given buffer if the value |
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3102 of @code{overlay-arrow-position} in that buffer points into that |
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3103 buffer. Thus, it works to can display multiple overlay arrow strings |
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3104 by creating buffer-local bindings of @code{overlay-arrow-position}. |
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3105 However, it is usually cleaner to use |
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3106 @code{overlay-arrow-variable-list} to achieve this result. |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3107 @c !!! overlay-arrow-position: but the overlay string may remain in the display |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3108 @c of some other buffer until an update is required. This should be fixed |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3109 @c now. Is it? |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3110 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3111 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3112 You can do a similar job by creating an overlay with a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3113 @code{before-string} property. @xref{Overlay Properties}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3114 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3115 You can define multiple overlay arrows via the variable |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3116 @code{overlay-arrow-variable-list}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3117 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3118 @defvar overlay-arrow-variable-list |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
3119 This variable's value is a list of variables, each of which specifies |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3120 the position of an overlay arrow. The variable |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3121 @code{overlay-arrow-position} has its normal meaning because it is on |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3122 this list. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3123 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3124 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3125 Each variable on this list can have properties |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3126 @code{overlay-arrow-string} and @code{overlay-arrow-bitmap} that |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3127 specify an overlay arrow string (for text-only terminals) or fringe |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3128 bitmap (for graphical terminals) to display at the corresponding |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3129 overlay arrow position. If either property is not set, the default |
71663 | 3130 @code{overlay-arrow-string} or @code{overlay-arrow} fringe indicator |
3131 is used. | |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3132 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3133 @node Scroll Bars |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3134 @section Scroll Bars |
76837 | 3135 @cindex scroll bars |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3136 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3137 Normally the frame parameter @code{vertical-scroll-bars} controls |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3138 whether the windows in the frame have vertical scroll bars, and |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3139 whether they are on the left or right. The frame parameter |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3140 @code{scroll-bar-width} specifies how wide they are (@code{nil} |
64877
573bd827cef9
(Line Height, Scroll Bars): Fix xrefs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64841
diff
changeset
|
3141 meaning the default). @xref{Layout Parameters}. |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3142 |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3143 @defun frame-current-scroll-bars &optional frame |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3144 This function reports the scroll bar type settings for frame |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3145 @var{frame}. The value is a cons cell |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3146 @code{(@var{vertical-type} .@: @var{horizontal-type})}, where |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3147 @var{vertical-type} is either @code{left}, @code{right}, or @code{nil} |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3148 (which means no scroll bar.) @var{horizontal-type} is meant to |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3149 specify the horizontal scroll bar type, but since they are not |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3150 implemented, it is always @code{nil}. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3151 @end defun |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3152 |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3153 @vindex vertical-scroll-bar |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3154 You can enable or disable scroll bars for a particular buffer, |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3155 by setting the variable @code{vertical-scroll-bar}. This variable |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3156 automatically becomes buffer-local when set. The possible values are |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3157 @code{left}, @code{right}, @code{t}, which means to use the |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3158 frame's default, and @code{nil} for no scroll bar. |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3159 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3160 You can also control this for individual windows. Call the function |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3161 @code{set-window-scroll-bars} to specify what to do for a specific window: |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3162 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3163 @defun set-window-scroll-bars window width &optional vertical-type horizontal-type |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3164 This function sets the width and type of scroll bars for window |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3165 @var{window}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3166 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3167 @var{width} specifies the scroll bar width in pixels (@code{nil} means |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3168 use the width specified for the frame). @var{vertical-type} specifies |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3169 whether to have a vertical scroll bar and, if so, where. The possible |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3170 values are @code{left}, @code{right} and @code{nil}, just like the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3171 values of the @code{vertical-scroll-bars} frame parameter. |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3172 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3173 The argument @var{horizontal-type} is meant to specify whether and |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3174 where to have horizontal scroll bars, but since they are not |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3175 implemented, it has no effect. If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3176 selected window is used. |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3177 @end defun |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3178 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3179 @defun window-scroll-bars &optional window |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3180 Report the width and type of scroll bars specified for @var{window}. |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
3181 If @var{window} is omitted or @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
3182 The value is a list of the form @code{(@var{width} |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3183 @var{cols} @var{vertical-type} @var{horizontal-type})}. The value |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3184 @var{width} is the value that was specified for the width (which may |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3185 be @code{nil}); @var{cols} is the number of columns that the scroll |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3186 bar actually occupies. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3187 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3188 @var{horizontal-type} is not actually meaningful. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3189 @end defun |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3190 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3191 If you don't specify these values for a window with |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3192 @code{set-window-scroll-bars}, the buffer-local variables |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3193 @code{scroll-bar-mode} and @code{scroll-bar-width} in the buffer being |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3194 displayed control the window's vertical scroll bars. The function |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3195 @code{set-window-buffer} examines these variables. If you change them |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3196 in a buffer that is already visible in a window, you can make the |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3197 window take note of the new values by calling @code{set-window-buffer} |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3198 specifying the same buffer that is already displayed. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3199 |
58496
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3200 @defvar scroll-bar-mode |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3201 This variable, always local in all buffers, controls whether and where |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3202 to put scroll bars in windows displaying the buffer. The possible values |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3203 are @code{nil} for no scroll bar, @code{left} to put a scroll bar on |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3204 the left, and @code{right} to put a scroll bar on the right. |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3205 @end defvar |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3206 |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3207 @defun window-current-scroll-bars &optional window |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3208 This function reports the scroll bar type for window @var{window}. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3209 If @var{window} is omitted or @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3210 The value is a cons cell |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3211 @code{(@var{vertical-type} .@: @var{horizontal-type})}. Unlike |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3212 @code{window-scroll-bars}, this reports the scroll bar type actually |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3213 used, once frame defaults and @code{scroll-bar-mode} are taken into |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3214 account. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3215 @end defun |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3216 |
58496
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(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3217 @defvar scroll-bar-width |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3218 This variable, always local in all buffers, specifies the width of the |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3219 buffer's scroll bars, measured in pixels. A value of @code{nil} means |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3220 to use the value specified by the frame. |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3221 @end defvar |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3222 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3223 @node Display Property |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3224 @section The @code{display} Property |
467b88fab665
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
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changeset
|
3225 @cindex display specification |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3226 @kindex display @r{(text property)} |
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3227 |
25875 | 3228 The @code{display} text property (or overlay property) is used to |
3229 insert images into text, and also control other aspects of how text | |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
3230 displays. The value of the @code{display} property should be a |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
3231 display specification, or a list or vector containing several display |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3232 specifications. |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3233 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3234 Some kinds of @code{display} properties specify something to display |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3235 instead of the text that has the property. In this case, ``the text'' |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3236 means all the consecutive characters that have the same Lisp object as |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3237 their @code{display} property; these characters are replaced as a |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3238 single unit. By contrast, characters that have similar but distinct |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3239 Lisp objects as their @code{display} properties are handled |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3240 separately. Here's a function that illustrates this point: |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3241 |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3242 @smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3243 (defun foo () |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3244 (goto-char (point-min)) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3245 (dotimes (i 5) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3246 (let ((string (concat "A"))) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3247 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3248 (forward-char 1) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3249 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3250 (forward-char 1)))) |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3251 @end smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3252 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3253 @noindent |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3254 It gives each of the first ten characters in the buffer string |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3255 @code{"A"} as the @code{display} property, but they don't all get the |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3256 same string. The first two characters get the same string, so they |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3257 together are replaced with one @samp{A}. The next two characters get |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3258 a second string, so they together are replaced with one @samp{A}. |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3259 Likewise for each following pair of characters. Thus, the ten |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3260 characters appear as five A's. This function would have the same |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3261 results: |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3262 |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3263 @smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3264 (defun foo () |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3265 (goto-char (point-min)) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3266 (dotimes (i 5) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3267 (let ((string (concat "A"))) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3268 (put-text-property (point) (2+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3269 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3270 (forward-char 2)))) |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3271 @end smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3272 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3273 @noindent |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3274 This illustrates that what matters is the property value for |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3275 each character. If two consecutive characters have the same |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
3276 object as the @code{display} property value, it's irrelevant |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3277 whether they got this property from a single call to |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3278 @code{put-text-property} or from two different calls. |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3279 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3280 The rest of this section describes several kinds of |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
3281 display specifications and what they mean. |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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changeset
|
3282 |
467b88fab665
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3283 @menu |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
3284 * Specified Space:: Displaying one space with a specified width. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3285 * Pixel Specification:: Specifying space width or height in pixels. |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
3286 * Other Display Specs:: Displaying an image; magnifying text; moving it |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
48948
diff
changeset
|
3287 up or down on the page; adjusting the width |
25875 | 3288 of spaces within text. |
3289 * Display Margins:: Displaying text or images to the side of the main text. | |
25751
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diff
changeset
|
3290 @end menu |
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diff
changeset
|
3291 |
467b88fab665
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diff
changeset
|
3292 @node Specified Space |
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diff
changeset
|
3293 @subsection Specified Spaces |
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diff
changeset
|
3294 @cindex spaces, specified height or width |
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diff
changeset
|
3295 @cindex specified spaces |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3296 @cindex variable-width spaces |
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diff
changeset
|
3297 |
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diff
changeset
|
3298 To display a space of specified width and/or height, use a display |
25875 | 3299 specification of the form @code{(space . @var{props})}, where |
3300 @var{props} is a property list (a list of alternating properties and | |
3301 values). You can put this property on one or more consecutive | |
3302 characters; a space of the specified height and width is displayed in | |
3303 place of @emph{all} of those characters. These are the properties you | |
44281 | 3304 can use in @var{props} to specify the weight of the space: |
25751
467b88fab665
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changeset
|
3305 |
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diff
changeset
|
3306 @table @code |
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changeset
|
3307 @item :width @var{width} |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3308 If @var{width} is an integer or floating point number, it specifies |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3309 that the space width should be @var{width} times the normal character |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3310 width. @var{width} can also be a @dfn{pixel width} specification |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3311 (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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|
3312 |
467b88fab665
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|
3313 @item :relative-width @var{factor} |
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|
3314 Specifies that the width of the stretch should be computed from the |
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|
3315 first character in the group of consecutive characters that have the |
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|
3316 same @code{display} property. The space width is the width of that |
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|
3317 character, multiplied by @var{factor}. |
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|
3318 |
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|
3319 @item :align-to @var{hpos} |
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|
3320 Specifies that the space should be wide enough to reach @var{hpos}. |
57221
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|
3321 If @var{hpos} is a number, it is measured in units of the normal |
18bdf278f148
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parents:
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|
3322 character width. @var{hpos} can also be a @dfn{pixel width} |
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|
3323 specification (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
25751
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|
3324 @end table |
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|
3325 |
44281 | 3326 You should use one and only one of the above properties. You can |
57221
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|
3327 also specify the height of the space, with these properties: |
25751
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|
3328 |
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changeset
|
3329 @table @code |
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|
3330 @item :height @var{height} |
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|
3331 Specifies the height of the space. |
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|
3332 If @var{height} is an integer or floating point number, it specifies |
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|
3333 that the space height should be @var{height} times the normal character |
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|
3334 height. The @var{height} may also be a @dfn{pixel height} specification |
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|
3335 (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
25751
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|
3336 |
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|
3337 @item :relative-height @var{factor} |
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|
3338 Specifies the height of the space, multiplying the ordinary height |
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|
3339 of the text having this display specification by @var{factor}. |
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|
3340 |
467b88fab665
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|
3341 @item :ascent @var{ascent} |
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|
3342 If the value of @var{ascent} is a non-negative number no greater than |
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|
3343 100, it specifies that @var{ascent} percent of the height of the space |
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|
3344 should be considered as the ascent of the space---that is, the part |
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|
3345 above the baseline. The ascent may also be specified in pixel units |
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|
3346 with a @dfn{pixel ascent} specification (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
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|
3347 |
25751
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|
3348 @end table |
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|
3349 |
44281 | 3350 Don't use both @code{:height} and @code{:relative-height} together. |
25751
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|
3351 |
60509
b6fee46c2fad
(Specified Space): Property :width is support on
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3352 The @code{:width} and @code{:align-to} properties are supported on |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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|
3353 non-graphic terminals, but the other space properties in this section |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
3354 are not. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
3355 |
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|
3356 @node Pixel Specification |
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|
3357 @subsection Pixel Specification for Spaces |
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|
3358 @cindex spaces, pixel specification |
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|
3359 |
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|
3360 The value of the @code{:width}, @code{:align-to}, @code{:height}, |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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diff
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|
3361 and @code{:ascent} properties can be a special kind of expression that |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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diff
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|
3362 is evaluated during redisplay. The result of the evaluation is used |
18bdf278f148
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|
3363 as an absolute number of pixels. |
57193
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|
3364 |
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|
3365 The following expressions are supported: |
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|
3366 |
63583
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Fix formatting ugliness.
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|
3367 @smallexample |
57193
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|
3368 @group |
57274
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(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
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parents:
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|
3369 @var{expr} ::= @var{num} | (@var{num}) | @var{unit} | @var{elem} | @var{pos} | @var{image} | @var{form} |
57221
18bdf278f148
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|
3370 @var{num} ::= @var{integer} | @var{float} | @var{symbol} |
18bdf278f148
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|
3371 @var{unit} ::= in | mm | cm | width | height |
63583
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Fix formatting ugliness.
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|
3372 @end group |
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|
3373 @group |
57221
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|
3374 @var{elem} ::= left-fringe | right-fringe | left-margin | right-margin |
57193
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|
3375 | scroll-bar | text |
57221
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|
3376 @var{pos} ::= left | center | right |
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|
3377 @var{form} ::= (@var{num} . @var{expr}) | (@var{op} @var{expr} ...) |
18bdf278f148
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|
3378 @var{op} ::= + | - |
57193
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|
3379 @end group |
63583
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|
3380 @end smallexample |
57193
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|
3381 |
57221
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(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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diff
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|
3382 The form @var{num} specifies a fraction of the default frame font |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
3383 height or width. The form @code{(@var{num})} specifies an absolute |
18bdf278f148
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parents:
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|
3384 number of pixels. If @var{num} is a symbol, @var{symbol}, its |
57193
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|
3385 buffer-local variable binding is used. |
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|
3386 |
57221
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(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3387 The @code{in}, @code{mm}, and @code{cm} units specify the number of |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3388 pixels per inch, millimeter, and centimeter, respectively. The |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3389 @code{width} and @code{height} units correspond to the default width |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
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parents:
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|
3390 and height of the current face. An image specification @code{image} |
57193
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|
3391 corresponds to the width or height of the image. |
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|
3392 |
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|
3393 The @code{left-fringe}, @code{right-fringe}, @code{left-margin}, |
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|
3394 @code{right-margin}, @code{scroll-bar}, and @code{text} elements |
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|
3395 specify to the width of the corresponding area of the window. |
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|
3396 |
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changeset
|
3397 The @code{left}, @code{center}, and @code{right} positions can be |
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|
3398 used with @code{:align-to} to specify a position relative to the left |
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|
3399 edge, center, or right edge of the text area. |
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|
3400 |
57221
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(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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diff
changeset
|
3401 Any of the above window elements (except @code{text}) can also be |
57193
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|
3402 used with @code{:align-to} to specify that the position is relative to |
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diff
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|
3403 the left edge of the given area. Once the base offset for a relative |
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diff
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|
3404 position has been set (by the first occurrence of one of these |
57225 | 3405 symbols), further occurrences of these symbols are interpreted as the |
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diff
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|
3406 width of the specified area. For example, to align to the center of |
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|
3407 the left-margin, use |
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|
3408 |
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|
3409 @example |
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|
3410 :align-to (+ left-margin (0.5 . left-margin)) |
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|
3411 @end example |
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|
3412 |
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|
3413 If no specific base offset is set for alignment, it is always relative |
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|
3414 to the left edge of the text area. For example, @samp{:align-to 0} in a |
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diff
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|
3415 header-line aligns with the first text column in the text area. |
714a83d1ea32
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diff
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|
3416 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
changeset
|
3417 A value of the form @code{(@var{num} . @var{expr})} stands for the |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
changeset
|
3418 product of the values of @var{num} and @var{expr}. For example, |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3419 @code{(2 . in)} specifies a width of 2 inches, while @code{(0.5 . |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
changeset
|
3420 @var{image})} specifies half the width (or height) of the specified |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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60442
diff
changeset
|
3421 image. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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diff
changeset
|
3422 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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diff
changeset
|
3423 The form @code{(+ @var{expr} ...)} adds up the value of the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
3424 expressions. The form @code{(- @var{expr} ...)} negates or subtracts |
57193
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|
3425 the value of the expressions. |
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|
3426 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
3427 @node Other Display Specs |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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25454
diff
changeset
|
3428 @subsection Other Display Specifications |
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diff
changeset
|
3429 |
57221
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(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
3430 Here are the other sorts of display specifications that you can use |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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diff
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|
3431 in the @code{display} text property. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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|
3432 |
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3433 @table @code |
60676
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|
3434 @item @var{string} |
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(Display Property): Explain the significance
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parents:
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|
3435 Display @var{string} instead of the text that has this property. |
44c74c24feca
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parents:
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|
3436 |
68282
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(Other Display Specs): Delete duplicate entry for
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|
3437 Recursive display specifications are not supported---@var{string}'s |
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parents:
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|
3438 @code{display} properties, if any, are not used. |
6efd3312bd38
(Other Display Specs): Delete duplicate entry for
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parents:
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|
3439 |
68946
956ccc6ec126
(Other Display Specs, Image Descriptors): Revert erroneous changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68708
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changeset
|
3440 @item (image . @var{image-props}) |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3441 This kind of display specification is an image descriptor (@pxref{Images}). |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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parents:
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|
3442 When used as a display specification, it means to display the image |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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parents:
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|
3443 instead of the text that has the display specification. |
25751
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3444 |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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|
3445 @item (slice @var{x} @var{y} @var{width} @var{height}) |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3446 This specification together with @code{image} specifies a @dfn{slice} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3447 (a partial area) of the image to display. The elements @var{y} and |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3448 @var{x} specify the top left corner of the slice, within the image; |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3449 @var{width} and @var{height} specify the width and height of the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3450 slice. Integer values are numbers of pixels. A floating point number |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3451 in the range 0.0--1.0 stands for that fraction of the width or height |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
3452 of the entire image. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3453 |
32467 | 3454 @item ((margin nil) @var{string}) |
3455 A display specification of this form means to display @var{string} | |
3456 instead of the text that has the display specification, at the same | |
68282
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(Other Display Specs): Delete duplicate entry for
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parents:
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|
3457 position as that text. It is equivalent to using just @var{string}, |
6efd3312bd38
(Other Display Specs): Delete duplicate entry for
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parents:
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|
3458 but it is done as a special case of marginal display (@pxref{Display |
6efd3312bd38
(Other Display Specs): Delete duplicate entry for
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parents:
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|
3459 Margins}). |
36935 | 3460 |
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|
3461 @item (space-width @var{factor}) |
25875 | 3462 This display specification affects all the space characters within the |
3463 text that has the specification. It displays all of these spaces | |
3464 @var{factor} times as wide as normal. The element @var{factor} should | |
3465 be an integer or float. Characters other than spaces are not affected | |
3466 at all; in particular, this has no effect on tab characters. | |
25751
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3467 |
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|
3468 @item (height @var{height}) |
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|
3469 This display specification makes the text taller or shorter. |
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|
3470 Here are the possibilities for @var{height}: |
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|
3471 |
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|
3472 @table @asis |
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|
3473 @item @code{(+ @var{n})} |
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|
3474 This means to use a font that is @var{n} steps larger. A ``step'' is |
25875 | 3475 defined by the set of available fonts---specifically, those that match |
3476 what was otherwise specified for this text, in all attributes except | |
3477 height. Each size for which a suitable font is available counts as | |
3478 another step. @var{n} should be an integer. | |
25751
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|
3479 |
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|
3480 @item @code{(- @var{n})} |
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|
3481 This means to use a font that is @var{n} steps smaller. |
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|
3482 |
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|
3483 @item a number, @var{factor} |
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|
3484 A number, @var{factor}, means to use a font that is @var{factor} times |
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|
3485 as tall as the default font. |
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|
3486 |
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|
3487 @item a symbol, @var{function} |
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|
3488 A symbol is a function to compute the height. It is called with the |
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|
3489 current height as argument, and should return the new height to use. |
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|
3490 |
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|
3491 @item anything else, @var{form} |
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|
3492 If the @var{height} value doesn't fit the previous possibilities, it is |
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3493 a form. Emacs evaluates it to get the new height, with the symbol |
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|
3494 @code{height} bound to the current specified font height. |
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|
3495 @end table |
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|
3496 |
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|
3497 @item (raise @var{factor}) |
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|
3498 This kind of display specification raises or lowers the text |
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|
3499 it applies to, relative to the baseline of the line. |
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|
3500 |
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3501 @var{factor} must be a number, which is interpreted as a multiple of the |
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3502 height of the affected text. If it is positive, that means to display |
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3503 the characters raised. If it is negative, that means to display them |
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3504 lower down. |
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3505 |
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|
3506 If the text also has a @code{height} display specification, that does |
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|
3507 not affect the amount of raising or lowering, which is based on the |
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3508 faces used for the text. |
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|
3509 @end table |
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|
3510 |
69849
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(Other Display Specs): Arrange a @code{DOTTED-LIST} to
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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|
3511 @c We put all the `@code{(when ...)}' on one line to encourage |
85e6a1c82a54
(Other Display Specs): Arrange a @code{DOTTED-LIST} to
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
3512 @c makeinfo's end-of-sentence heuristics to DTRT. Previously, the dot |
85e6a1c82a54
(Other Display Specs): Arrange a @code{DOTTED-LIST} to
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
3513 @c was at eol; the info file ended up w/ two spaces rendered after it. |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
3514 You can make any display specification conditional. To do that, |
69849
85e6a1c82a54
(Other Display Specs): Arrange a @code{DOTTED-LIST} to
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3515 package it in another list of the form |
85e6a1c82a54
(Other Display Specs): Arrange a @code{DOTTED-LIST} to
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
69611
diff
changeset
|
3516 @code{(when @var{condition} . @var{spec})}. |
85e6a1c82a54
(Other Display Specs): Arrange a @code{DOTTED-LIST} to
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
69611
diff
changeset
|
3517 Then the specification @var{spec} applies only when |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3518 @var{condition} evaluates to a non-@code{nil} value. During the |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3519 evaluation, @code{object} is bound to the string or buffer having the |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3520 conditional @code{display} property. @code{position} and |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3521 @code{buffer-position} are bound to the position within @code{object} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3522 and the buffer position where the @code{display} property was found, |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3523 respectively. Both positions can be different when @code{object} is a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3524 string. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
3525 |
25751
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3526 @node Display Margins |
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3527 @subsection Displaying in the Margins |
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|
3528 @cindex display margins |
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|
3529 @cindex margins, display |
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3530 |
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|
3531 A buffer can have blank areas called @dfn{display margins} on the left |
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|
3532 and on the right. Ordinary text never appears in these areas, but you |
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|
3533 can put things into the display margins using the @code{display} |
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|
3534 property. |
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3535 |
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|
3536 To put text in the left or right display margin of the window, use a |
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|
3537 display specification of the form @code{(margin right-margin)} or |
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|
3538 @code{(margin left-margin)} on it. To put an image in a display margin, |
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|
3539 use that display specification along with the display specification for |
42476
fe0b84badbb1
Margin displays can't be mouse sensitive.
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diff
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|
3540 the image. Unfortunately, there is currently no way to make |
fe0b84badbb1
Margin displays can't be mouse sensitive.
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|
3541 text or images in the margin mouse-sensitive. |
25751
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3542 |
42297
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Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
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parents:
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diff
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|
3543 If you put such a display specification directly on text in the |
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|
3544 buffer, the specified margin display appears @emph{instead of} that |
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Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
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parents:
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|
3545 buffer text itself. To put something in the margin @emph{in |
c4f9d48801a8
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parents:
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|
3546 association with} certain buffer text without preventing or altering |
c4f9d48801a8
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parents:
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|
3547 the display of that text, put a @code{before-string} property on the |
c4f9d48801a8
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parents:
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|
3548 text and put the display specification on the contents of the |
c4f9d48801a8
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parents:
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|
3549 before-string. |
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|
3550 |
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|
3551 Before the display margins can display anything, you must give |
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|
3552 them a nonzero width. The usual way to do that is to set these |
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|
3553 variables: |
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3554 |
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|
3555 @defvar left-margin-width |
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|
3556 This variable specifies the width of the left margin. |
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|
3557 It is buffer-local in all buffers. |
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3558 @end defvar |
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3559 |
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3560 @defvar right-margin-width |
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3561 This variable specifies the width of the right margin. |
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3562 It is buffer-local in all buffers. |
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3563 @end defvar |
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3564 |
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3565 Setting these variables does not immediately affect the window. These |
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3566 variables are checked when a new buffer is displayed in the window. |
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3567 Thus, you can make changes take effect by calling |
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3568 @code{set-window-buffer}. |
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3569 |
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3570 You can also set the margin widths immediately. |
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3571 |
36935 | 3572 @defun set-window-margins window left &optional right |
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3573 This function specifies the margin widths for window @var{window}. |
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3574 The argument @var{left} controls the left margin and |
36935 | 3575 @var{right} controls the right margin (default @code{0}). |
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3576 @end defun |
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3577 |
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3578 @defun window-margins &optional window |
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3579 This function returns the left and right margins of @var{window} |
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3580 as a cons cell of the form @code{(@var{left} . @var{right})}. |
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3581 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
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3582 @end defun |
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3583 |
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3584 @node Images |
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3585 @section Images |
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3586 @cindex images in buffers |
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3587 |
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3588 To display an image in an Emacs buffer, you must first create an image |
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3589 descriptor, then use it as a display specifier in the @code{display} |
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3590 property of text that is displayed (@pxref{Display Property}). |
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3591 |
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3592 Emacs is usually able to display images when it is run on a |
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3593 graphical terminal. Images cannot be displayed in a text terminal, on |
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3594 certain graphical terminals that lack the support for this, or if |
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3595 Emacs is compiled without image support. You can use the function |
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3596 @code{display-images-p} to determine if images can in principle be |
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3597 displayed (@pxref{Display Feature Testing}). |
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3598 |
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3599 Emacs can display a number of different image formats; some of them |
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3600 are supported only if particular support libraries are installed on |
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3601 your machine. In some environments, Emacs can load image |
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3602 libraries on demand; if so, the variable @code{image-library-alist} |
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3603 can be used to modify the set of known names for these dynamic |
57225 | 3604 libraries (though it is not possible to add new image formats). |
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3605 |
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3606 The supported image formats include XBM, XPM (this requires the |
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3607 libraries @code{libXpm} version 3.4k and @code{libz}), GIF (requiring |
76828 | 3608 @code{libungif} 4.1.0), PostScript, PBM, JPEG (requiring the |
60503
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3609 @code{libjpeg} library version v6a), TIFF (requiring @code{libtiff} |
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3610 v3.4), and PNG (requiring @code{libpng} 1.0.2). |
25751
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3611 |
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3612 You specify one of these formats with an image type symbol. The image |
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3613 type symbols are @code{xbm}, @code{xpm}, @code{gif}, @code{postscript}, |
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3614 @code{pbm}, @code{jpeg}, @code{tiff}, and @code{png}. |
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3615 |
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3616 @defvar image-types |
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3617 This variable contains a list of those image type symbols that are |
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3618 potentially supported in the current configuration. |
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3619 @emph{Potentially} here means that Emacs knows about the image types, |
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3620 not necessarily that they can be loaded (they could depend on |
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3621 unavailable dynamic libraries, for example). |
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3622 |
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3623 To know which image types are really available, use |
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3624 @code{image-type-available-p}. |
25751
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3625 @end defvar |
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3626 |
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3627 @defvar image-library-alist |
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3628 This in an alist of image types vs external libraries needed to |
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3629 display them. |
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3630 |
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3631 Each element is a list @code{(@var{image-type} @var{library}...)}, |
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3632 where the car is a supported image format from @code{image-types}, and |
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3633 the rest are strings giving alternate filenames for the corresponding |
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3634 external libraries to load. |
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|
3635 |
56185
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|
3636 Emacs tries to load the libraries in the order they appear on the |
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3637 list; if none is loaded, the running session of Emacs won't support |
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3638 the image type. @code{pbm} and @code{xbm} don't need to be listed; |
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3639 they're always supported. |
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3640 |
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3641 This variable is ignored if the image libraries are statically linked |
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3642 into Emacs. |
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3643 @end defvar |
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3644 |
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3645 @defun image-type-available-p type |
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3646 @findex image-type-available-p |
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3647 |
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3648 This function returns non-@code{nil} if image type @var{type} is |
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3649 available, i.e., if images of this type can be loaded and displayed in |
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|
3650 Emacs. @var{type} should be one of the types contained in |
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|
3651 @code{image-types}. |
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3652 |
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|
3653 For image types whose support libraries are statically linked, this |
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3654 function always returns @code{t}; for other image types, it returns |
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3655 @code{t} if the dynamic library could be loaded, @code{nil} otherwise. |
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3656 @end defun |
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3657 |
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3658 @menu |
25875 | 3659 * Image Descriptors:: How to specify an image for use in @code{:display}. |
3660 * XBM Images:: Special features for XBM format. | |
3661 * XPM Images:: Special features for XPM format. | |
3662 * GIF Images:: Special features for GIF format. | |
76828 | 3663 * PostScript Images:: Special features for PostScript format. |
25875 | 3664 * Other Image Types:: Various other formats are supported. |
3665 * Defining Images:: Convenient ways to define an image for later use. | |
3666 * Showing Images:: Convenient ways to display an image once it is defined. | |
3667 * Image Cache:: Internal mechanisms of image display. | |
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3668 @end menu |
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3669 |
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3670 @node Image Descriptors |
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3671 @subsection Image Descriptors |
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3672 @cindex image descriptor |
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3673 |
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3674 An image description is a list of the form @code{(image . @var{props})}, |
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3675 where @var{props} is a property list containing alternating keyword |
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3676 symbols (symbols whose names start with a colon) and their values. |
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|
3677 You can use any Lisp object as a property, but the only properties |
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3678 that have any special meaning are certain symbols, all of them keywords. |
26400 | 3679 |
3680 Every image descriptor must contain the property @code{:type | |
3681 @var{type}} to specify the format of the image. The value of @var{type} | |
3682 should be an image type symbol; for example, @code{xpm} for an image in | |
3683 XPM format. | |
25751
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3684 |
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3685 Here is a list of other properties that are meaningful for all image |
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3686 types: |
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3687 |
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changeset
|
3688 @table @code |
36730
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3689 @item :file @var{file} |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3690 The @code{:file} property says to load the image from file |
36730
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3691 @var{file}. If @var{file} is not an absolute file name, it is expanded |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3692 in @code{data-directory}. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3693 |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3694 @item :data @var{data} |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3695 The @code{:data} property says the actual contents of the image. |
36730
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3696 Each image must use either @code{:data} or @code{:file}, but not both. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3697 For most image types, the value of the @code{:data} property should be a |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3698 string containing the image data; we recommend using a unibyte string. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3699 |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3700 Before using @code{:data}, look for further information in the section |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3701 below describing the specific image format. For some image types, |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3702 @code{:data} may not be supported; for some, it allows other data types; |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3703 for some, @code{:data} alone is not enough, so you need to use other |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3704 image properties along with @code{:data}. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3705 |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3706 @item :margin @var{margin} |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3707 The @code{:margin} property specifies how many pixels to add as an |
51000
72af65197e01
Fix typos. Patch from Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3708 extra margin around the image. The value, @var{margin}, must be a |
36730
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3709 non-negative number, or a pair @code{(@var{x} . @var{y})} of such |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3710 numbers. If it is a pair, @var{x} specifies how many pixels to add |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3711 horizontally, and @var{y} specifies how many pixels to add vertically. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3712 If @code{:margin} is not specified, the default is zero. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3713 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3714 @item :ascent @var{ascent} |
29151 | 3715 The @code{:ascent} property specifies the amount of the image's |
3716 height to use for its ascent---that is, the part above the baseline. | |
3717 The value, @var{ascent}, must be a number in the range 0 to 100, or | |
3718 the symbol @code{center}. | |
3719 | |
3720 If @var{ascent} is a number, that percentage of the image's height is | |
3721 used for its ascent. | |
3722 | |
3723 If @var{ascent} is @code{center}, the image is vertically centered | |
3724 around a centerline which would be the vertical centerline of text drawn | |
3725 at the position of the image, in the manner specified by the text | |
3726 properties and overlays that apply to the image. | |
3727 | |
3728 If this property is omitted, it defaults to 50. | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3729 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3730 @item :relief @var{relief} |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3731 The @code{:relief} property, if non-@code{nil}, adds a shadow rectangle |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3732 around the image. The value, @var{relief}, specifies the width of the |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3733 shadow lines, in pixels. If @var{relief} is negative, shadows are drawn |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3734 so that the image appears as a pressed button; otherwise, it appears as |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3735 an unpressed button. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3736 |
35364 | 3737 @item :conversion @var{algorithm} |
3738 The @code{:conversion} property, if non-@code{nil}, specifies a | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3739 conversion algorithm that should be applied to the image before it is |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3740 displayed; the value, @var{algorithm}, specifies which algorithm. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3741 |
33996 | 3742 @table @code |
3743 @item laplace | |
3744 @itemx emboss | |
3745 Specifies the Laplace edge detection algorithm, which blurs out small | |
3746 differences in color while highlighting larger differences. People | |
3747 sometimes consider this useful for displaying the image for a | |
3748 ``disabled'' button. | |
3749 | |
3750 @item (edge-detection :matrix @var{matrix} :color-adjust @var{adjust}) | |
3751 Specifies a general edge-detection algorithm. @var{matrix} must be | |
3752 either a nine-element list or a nine-element vector of numbers. A pixel | |
3753 at position @math{x/y} in the transformed image is computed from | |
3754 original pixels around that position. @var{matrix} specifies, for each | |
3755 pixel in the neighborhood of @math{x/y}, a factor with which that pixel | |
3756 will influence the transformed pixel; element @math{0} specifies the | |
3757 factor for the pixel at @math{x-1/y-1}, element @math{1} the factor for | |
3758 the pixel at @math{x/y-1} etc., as shown below: | |
3759 @iftex | |
3760 @tex | |
3761 $$\pmatrix{x-1/y-1 & x/y-1 & x+1/y-1 \cr | |
3762 x-1/y & x/y & x+1/y \cr | |
3763 x-1/y+1& x/y+1 & x+1/y+1 \cr}$$ | |
3764 @end tex | |
3765 @end iftex | |
3766 @ifnottex | |
3767 @display | |
3768 (x-1/y-1 x/y-1 x+1/y-1 | |
3769 x-1/y x/y x+1/y | |
3770 x-1/y+1 x/y+1 x+1/y+1) | |
3771 @end display | |
3772 @end ifnottex | |
3773 | |
3774 The resulting pixel is computed from the color intensity of the color | |
3775 resulting from summing up the RGB values of surrounding pixels, | |
3776 multiplied by the specified factors, and dividing that sum by the sum | |
3777 of the factors' absolute values. | |
3778 | |
3779 Laplace edge-detection currently uses a matrix of | |
3780 @iftex | |
3781 @tex | |
3782 $$\pmatrix{1 & 0 & 0 \cr | |
3783 0& 0 & 0 \cr | |
3784 9 & 9 & -1 \cr}$$ | |
3785 @end tex | |
3786 @end iftex | |
3787 @ifnottex | |
3788 @display | |
3789 (1 0 0 | |
3790 0 0 0 | |
3791 9 9 -1) | |
3792 @end display | |
3793 @end ifnottex | |
3794 | |
3795 Emboss edge-detection uses a matrix of | |
3796 @iftex | |
3797 @tex | |
3798 $$\pmatrix{ 2 & -1 & 0 \cr | |
3799 -1 & 0 & 1 \cr | |
3800 0 & 1 & -2 \cr}$$ | |
3801 @end tex | |
3802 @end iftex | |
3803 @ifnottex | |
3804 @display | |
3805 ( 2 -1 0 | |
3806 -1 0 1 | |
3807 0 1 -2) | |
3808 @end display | |
3809 @end ifnottex | |
3810 | |
3811 @item disabled | |
71957
61cb5aae3bc3
Put period and comma inside quotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71882
diff
changeset
|
3812 Specifies transforming the image so that it looks ``disabled.'' |
33996 | 3813 @end table |
3814 | |
3815 @item :mask @var{mask} | |
3816 If @var{mask} is @code{heuristic} or @code{(heuristic @var{bg})}, build | |
3817 a clipping mask for the image, so that the background of a frame is | |
3818 visible behind the image. If @var{bg} is not specified, or if @var{bg} | |
3819 is @code{t}, determine the background color of the image by looking at | |
3820 the four corners of the image, assuming the most frequently occurring | |
3821 color from the corners is the background color of the image. Otherwise, | |
3822 @var{bg} must be a list @code{(@var{red} @var{green} @var{blue})} | |
3823 specifying the color to assume for the background of the image. | |
3824 | |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
3825 If @var{mask} is @code{nil}, remove a mask from the image, if it has |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
3826 one. Images in some formats include a mask which can be removed by |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
3827 specifying @code{:mask nil}. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3828 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3829 @item :pointer @var{shape} |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3830 This specifies the pointer shape when the mouse pointer is over this |
57225 | 3831 image. @xref{Pointer Shape}, for available pointer shapes. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3832 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3833 @item :map @var{map} |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3834 This associates an image map of @dfn{hot spots} with this image. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3835 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3836 An image map is an alist where each element has the format |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3837 @code{(@var{area} @var{id} @var{plist})}. An @var{area} is specified |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3838 as either a rectangle, a circle, or a polygon. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3839 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3840 A rectangle is a cons |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3841 @code{(rect . ((@var{x0} . @var{y0}) . (@var{x1} . @var{y1})))} |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3842 which specifies the pixel coordinates of the upper left and bottom right |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3843 corners of the rectangle area. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3844 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3845 A circle is a cons |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3846 @code{(circle . ((@var{x0} . @var{y0}) . @var{r}))} |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3847 which specifies the center and the radius of the circle; @var{r} may |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3848 be a float or integer. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3849 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3850 A polygon is a cons |
57201
2950fcfcfa44
Correct various typos.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
57193
diff
changeset
|
3851 @code{(poly . [@var{x0} @var{y0} @var{x1} @var{y1} ...])} |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3852 where each pair in the vector describes one corner in the polygon. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3853 |
70843
4f398d726c7c
(Pointer Shape): Node deleted.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70604
diff
changeset
|
3854 When the mouse pointer lies on a hot-spot area of an image, the |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3855 @var{plist} of that hot-spot is consulted; if it contains a @code{help-echo} |
70843
4f398d726c7c
(Pointer Shape): Node deleted.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70604
diff
changeset
|
3856 property, that defines a tool-tip for the hot-spot, and if it contains |
4f398d726c7c
(Pointer Shape): Node deleted.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70604
diff
changeset
|
3857 a @code{pointer} property, that defines the shape of the mouse cursor when |
4f398d726c7c
(Pointer Shape): Node deleted.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70604
diff
changeset
|
3858 it is on the hot-spot. |
57225 | 3859 @xref{Pointer Shape}, for available pointer shapes. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3860 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3861 When you click the mouse when the mouse pointer is over a hot-spot, an |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3862 event is composed by combining the @var{id} of the hot-spot with the |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3863 mouse event; for instance, @code{[area4 mouse-1]} if the hot-spot's |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3864 @var{id} is @code{area4}. |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3865 @end table |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3866 |
33996 | 3867 @defun image-mask-p spec &optional frame |
3868 This function returns @code{t} if image @var{spec} has a mask bitmap. | |
3869 @var{frame} is the frame on which the image will be displayed. | |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
3870 @var{frame} @code{nil} or omitted means to use the selected frame |
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
3871 (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
33996 | 3872 @end defun |
3873 | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3874 @node XBM Images |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3875 @subsection XBM Images |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3876 @cindex XBM |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3877 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3878 To use XBM format, specify @code{xbm} as the image type. This image |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3879 format doesn't require an external library, so images of this type are |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3880 always supported. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3881 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3882 Additional image properties supported for the @code{xbm} image type are: |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3883 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3884 @table @code |
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3885 @item :foreground @var{foreground} |
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3886 The value, @var{foreground}, should be a string specifying the image |
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3887 foreground color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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3888 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 1. The default is the frame's |
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3889 foreground color. |
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3890 |
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3891 @item :background @var{background} |
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3892 The value, @var{background}, should be a string specifying the image |
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3893 background color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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3894 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 0. The default is the frame's |
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3895 background color. |
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3896 @end table |
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3897 |
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3898 If you specify an XBM image using data within Emacs instead of an |
28792 | 3899 external file, use the following three properties: |
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3900 |
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3901 @table @code |
28792 | 3902 @item :data @var{data} |
3903 The value, @var{data}, specifies the contents of the image. | |
3904 There are three formats you can use for @var{data}: | |
3905 | |
3906 @itemize @bullet | |
3907 @item | |
3908 A vector of strings or bool-vectors, each specifying one line of the | |
3909 image. Do specify @code{:height} and @code{:width}. | |
3910 | |
3911 @item | |
3912 A string containing the same byte sequence as an XBM file would contain. | |
3913 You must not specify @code{:height} and @code{:width} in this case, | |
3914 because omitting them is what indicates the data has the format of an | |
3915 XBM file. The file contents specify the height and width of the image. | |
3916 | |
3917 @item | |
3918 A string or a bool-vector containing the bits of the image (plus perhaps | |
3919 some extra bits at the end that will not be used). It should contain at | |
3920 least @var{width} * @code{height} bits. In this case, you must specify | |
3921 @code{:height} and @code{:width}, both to indicate that the string | |
3922 contains just the bits rather than a whole XBM file, and to specify the | |
3923 size of the image. | |
3924 @end itemize | |
3925 | |
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3926 @item :width @var{width} |
28792 | 3927 The value, @var{width}, specifies the width of the image, in pixels. |
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3928 |
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3929 @item :height @var{height} |
28792 | 3930 The value, @var{height}, specifies the height of the image, in pixels. |
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3931 @end table |
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3932 |
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3933 @node XPM Images |
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3934 @subsection XPM Images |
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3935 @cindex XPM |
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3936 |
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3937 To use XPM format, specify @code{xpm} as the image type. The |
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3938 additional image property @code{:color-symbols} is also meaningful with |
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3939 the @code{xpm} image type: |
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3940 |
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3941 @table @code |
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3942 @item :color-symbols @var{symbols} |
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3943 The value, @var{symbols}, should be an alist whose elements have the |
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3944 form @code{(@var{name} . @var{color})}. In each element, @var{name} is |
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3945 the name of a color as it appears in the image file, and @var{color} |
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3946 specifies the actual color to use for displaying that name. |
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3947 @end table |
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3948 |
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3949 @node GIF Images |
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3950 @subsection GIF Images |
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3951 @cindex GIF |
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3952 |
60503
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3953 For GIF images, specify image type @code{gif}. |
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3954 |
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3955 @table @code |
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3956 @item :index @var{index} |
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3957 You can use @code{:index} to specify one image from a GIF file that |
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3958 contains more than one image. This property specifies use of image |
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3959 number @var{index} from the file. If the GIF file doesn't contain an |
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3960 image with index @var{index}, the image displays as a hollow box. |
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3961 @end table |
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3962 |
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3963 @ignore |
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3964 This could be used to implement limited support for animated GIFs. |
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3965 For example, the following function displays a multi-image GIF file |
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3966 at point-min in the current buffer, switching between sub-images |
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3967 every 0.1 seconds. |
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3968 |
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3969 (defun show-anim (file max) |
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3970 "Display multi-image GIF file FILE which contains MAX subimages." |
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3971 (display-anim (current-buffer) file 0 max t)) |
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3972 |
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3973 (defun display-anim (buffer file idx max first-time) |
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3974 (when (= idx max) |
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3975 (setq idx 0)) |
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3976 (let ((img (create-image file nil :image idx))) |
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3977 (save-excursion |
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3978 (set-buffer buffer) |
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3979 (goto-char (point-min)) |
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3980 (unless first-time (delete-char 1)) |
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3981 (insert-image img)) |
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3982 (run-with-timer 0.1 nil 'display-anim buffer file (1+ idx) max nil))) |
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3983 @end ignore |
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3984 |
76828 | 3985 @node PostScript Images |
3986 @subsection PostScript Images | |
3987 @cindex postscript images | |
3988 | |
3989 To use PostScript for an image, specify image type @code{postscript}. | |
25751
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3990 This works only if you have Ghostscript installed. You must always use |
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3991 these three properties: |
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3992 |
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3993 @table @code |
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3994 @item :pt-width @var{width} |
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3995 The value, @var{width}, specifies the width of the image measured in |
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3996 points (1/72 inch). @var{width} must be an integer. |
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3997 |
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3998 @item :pt-height @var{height} |
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3999 The value, @var{height}, specifies the height of the image in points |
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4000 (1/72 inch). @var{height} must be an integer. |
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4001 |
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4002 @item :bounding-box @var{box} |
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4003 The value, @var{box}, must be a list or vector of four integers, which |
76828 | 4004 specifying the bounding box of the PostScript image, analogous to the |
4005 @samp{BoundingBox} comment found in PostScript files. | |
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4006 |
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4007 @example |
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4008 %%BoundingBox: 22 171 567 738 |
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4009 @end example |
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4010 @end table |
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4011 |
76828 | 4012 Displaying PostScript images from Lisp data is not currently |
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4013 implemented, but it may be implemented by the time you read this. |
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4014 See the @file{etc/NEWS} file to make sure. |
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4015 |
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4016 @node Other Image Types |
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4017 @subsection Other Image Types |
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4018 @cindex PBM |
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4019 |
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4020 For PBM images, specify image type @code{pbm}. Color, gray-scale and |
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4021 monochromatic images are supported. For mono PBM images, two additional |
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4022 image properties are supported. |
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4023 |
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4024 @table @code |
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4025 @item :foreground @var{foreground} |
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4026 The value, @var{foreground}, should be a string specifying the image |
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4027 foreground color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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4028 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 1. The default is the frame's |
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4029 foreground color. |
32552
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4030 |
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4031 @item :background @var{background} |
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4032 The value, @var{background}, should be a string specifying the image |
37949
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4033 background color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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4034 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 0. The default is the frame's |
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4035 background color. |
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4036 @end table |
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diff
changeset
|
4037 |
27093
4b1a67a46d8c
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parents:
26986
diff
changeset
|
4038 For JPEG images, specify image type @code{jpeg}. |
25751
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diff
changeset
|
4039 |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4040 For TIFF images, specify image type @code{tiff}. |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4041 |
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changeset
|
4042 For PNG images, specify image type @code{png}. |
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changeset
|
4043 |
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diff
changeset
|
4044 @node Defining Images |
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diff
changeset
|
4045 @subsection Defining Images |
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|
4046 |
31373
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4047 The functions @code{create-image}, @code{defimage} and |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4048 @code{find-image} provide convenient ways to create image descriptors. |
25751
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parents:
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diff
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|
4049 |
59574
9ce057395159
(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59505
diff
changeset
|
4050 @defun create-image file-or-data &optional type data-p &rest props |
25751
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4051 This function creates and returns an image descriptor which uses the |
59574
9ce057395159
(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59505
diff
changeset
|
4052 data in @var{file-or-data}. @var{file-or-data} can be a file name or |
9ce057395159
(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59505
diff
changeset
|
4053 a string containing the image data; @var{data-p} should be @code{nil} |
9ce057395159
(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59505
diff
changeset
|
4054 for the former case, non-@code{nil} for the latter case. |
25751
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4055 |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4056 The optional argument @var{type} is a symbol specifying the image type. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4057 If @var{type} is omitted or @code{nil}, @code{create-image} tries to |
467b88fab665
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parents:
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changeset
|
4058 determine the image type from the file's first few bytes, or else |
467b88fab665
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4059 from the file's name. |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4060 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
4061 The remaining arguments, @var{props}, specify additional image |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4062 properties---for example, |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4063 |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4064 @example |
59574
9ce057395159
(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59505
diff
changeset
|
4065 (create-image "foo.xpm" 'xpm nil :heuristic-mask t) |
25751
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parents:
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|
4066 @end example |
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parents:
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changeset
|
4067 |
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parents:
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|
4068 The function returns @code{nil} if images of this type are not |
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|
4069 supported. Otherwise it returns an image descriptor. |
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|
4070 @end defun |
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changeset
|
4071 |
41058
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4072 @defmac defimage symbol specs &optional doc |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4073 This macro defines @var{symbol} as an image name. The arguments |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4074 @var{specs} is a list which specifies how to display the image. |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4075 The third argument, @var{doc}, is an optional documentation string. |
25751
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parents:
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changeset
|
4076 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
4077 Each argument in @var{specs} has the form of a property list, and each |
41058
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4078 one should specify at least the @code{:type} property and either the |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4079 @code{:file} or the @code{:data} property. The value of @code{:type} |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4080 should be a symbol specifying the image type, the value of |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4081 @code{:file} is the file to load the image from, and the value of |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4082 @code{:data} is a string containing the actual image data. Here is an |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4083 example: |
25751
467b88fab665
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4084 |
25875 | 4085 @example |
4086 (defimage test-image | |
46338
6cf0fbc1d7da
defimage does not evaluate SPECS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46245
diff
changeset
|
4087 ((:type xpm :file "~/test1.xpm") |
6cf0fbc1d7da
defimage does not evaluate SPECS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46245
diff
changeset
|
4088 (:type xbm :file "~/test1.xbm"))) |
25875 | 4089 @end example |
25751
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
4090 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4091 @code{defimage} tests each argument, one by one, to see if it is |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4092 usable---that is, if the type is supported and the file exists. The |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4093 first usable argument is used to make an image descriptor which is |
41058
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4094 stored in @var{symbol}. |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4095 |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4096 If none of the alternatives will work, then @var{symbol} is defined |
25751
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parents:
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|
4097 as @code{nil}. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4098 @end defmac |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4099 |
31373
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4100 @defun find-image specs |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4101 This function provides a convenient way to find an image satisfying one |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4102 of a list of image specifications @var{specs}. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4103 |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4104 Each specification in @var{specs} is a property list with contents |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4105 depending on image type. All specifications must at least contain the |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4106 properties @code{:type @var{type}} and either @w{@code{:file @var{file}}} |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4107 or @w{@code{:data @var{DATA}}}, where @var{type} is a symbol specifying |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4108 the image type, e.g.@: @code{xbm}, @var{file} is the file to load the |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4109 image from, and @var{data} is a string containing the actual image data. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4110 The first specification in the list whose @var{type} is supported, and |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4111 @var{file} exists, is used to construct the image specification to be |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4112 returned. If no specification is satisfied, @code{nil} is returned. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4113 |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4114 The image is looked for in @code{image-load-path}. |
31373
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4115 @end defun |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4116 |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4117 @defvar image-load-path |
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4118 This variable's value is a list of locations in which to search for |
65598
bae76b0c6f5e
Updated documentation for `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65560
diff
changeset
|
4119 image files. If an element is a string or a variable symbol whose |
bae76b0c6f5e
Updated documentation for `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65560
diff
changeset
|
4120 value is a string, the string is taken to be the name of a directory |
bae76b0c6f5e
Updated documentation for `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65560
diff
changeset
|
4121 to search. If an element is a variable symbol whose value is a list, |
bae76b0c6f5e
Updated documentation for `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65560
diff
changeset
|
4122 that is taken to be a list of directory names to search. |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4123 |
65560
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4124 The default is to search in the @file{images} subdirectory of the |
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4125 directory specified by @code{data-directory}, then the directory |
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4126 specified by @code{data-directory}, and finally in the directories in |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4127 @code{load-path}. Subdirectories are not automatically included in |
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4128 the search, so if you put an image file in a subdirectory, you have to |
65560
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4129 supply the subdirectory name explicitly. For example, to find the |
65598
bae76b0c6f5e
Updated documentation for `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65560
diff
changeset
|
4130 image @file{images/foo/bar.xpm} within @code{data-directory}, you |
65560
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4131 should specify the image as follows: |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4132 |
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4133 @example |
65560
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4134 (defimage foo-image '((:type xpm :file "foo/bar.xpm"))) |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4135 @end example |
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4136 @end defvar |
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4137 |
69418
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4138 @defun image-load-path-for-library library image &optional path no-error |
69521
3a3fa8d383e2
(Defining Images): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69517
diff
changeset
|
4139 This function returns a suitable search path for images used by the |
3a3fa8d383e2
(Defining Images): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69517
diff
changeset
|
4140 Lisp package @var{library}. |
3a3fa8d383e2
(Defining Images): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69517
diff
changeset
|
4141 |
71638 | 4142 The function searches for @var{image} first in @code{image-load-path} |
4143 (excluding @file{@code{data-directory}/images}) and then in | |
4144 @code{load-path}, followed by a path suitable for @var{library}, which | |
4145 includes @file{../../etc/images} and @file{../etc/images} relative to | |
4146 the library file itself, and finally in | |
4147 @file{@code{data-directory}/images}. | |
69462
831f4f793f95
(Invisible Text): The impossible position is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69421
diff
changeset
|
4148 |
69464
68172dbc9679
(Defining Images): Clean up last change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69462
diff
changeset
|
4149 Then this function returns a list of directories which contains first |
68172dbc9679
(Defining Images): Clean up last change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69462
diff
changeset
|
4150 the directory in which @var{image} was found, followed by the value of |
68172dbc9679
(Defining Images): Clean up last change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69462
diff
changeset
|
4151 @code{load-path}. If @var{path} is given, it is used instead of |
69473
279f737753d8
(Defining Images): In image-load-path-for-library, always return list
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69464
diff
changeset
|
4152 @code{load-path}. |
279f737753d8
(Defining Images): In image-load-path-for-library, always return list
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69464
diff
changeset
|
4153 |
279f737753d8
(Defining Images): In image-load-path-for-library, always return list
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69464
diff
changeset
|
4154 If @var{no-error} is non-@code{nil} and a suitable path can't be |
279f737753d8
(Defining Images): In image-load-path-for-library, always return list
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69464
diff
changeset
|
4155 found, don't signal an error. Instead, return a list of directories as |
279f737753d8
(Defining Images): In image-load-path-for-library, always return list
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69464
diff
changeset
|
4156 before, except that @code{nil} appears in place of the image directory. |
69418
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4157 |
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4158 Here is an example that uses a common idiom to provide compatibility |
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4159 with versions of Emacs that lack the variable @code{image-load-path}: |
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
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|
4160 |
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
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parents:
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changeset
|
4161 @example |
71638 | 4162 (defvar image-load-path) ; shush compiler |
4163 (let* ((load-path (image-load-path-for-library | |
4164 "mh-e" "mh-logo.xpm")) | |
69494
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(Defining Images): Fix example in image-load-path-for-library by not
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4165 (image-load-path (cons (car load-path) |
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(Defining Images): Fix example in image-load-path-for-library by not
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4166 (when (boundp 'image-load-path) |
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(Defining Images): Fix example in image-load-path-for-library by not
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4167 image-load-path)))) |
69418
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(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4168 (mh-tool-bar-folder-buttons-init)) |
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(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4169 @end example |
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(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
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changeset
|
4170 @end defun |
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(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
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changeset
|
4171 |
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4172 @node Showing Images |
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4173 @subsection Showing Images |
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4174 |
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4175 You can use an image descriptor by setting up the @code{display} |
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4176 property yourself, but it is easier to use the functions in this |
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|
4177 section. |
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4178 |
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parents:
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|
4179 @defun insert-image image &optional string area slice |
25751
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4180 This function inserts @var{image} in the current buffer at point. The |
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4181 value @var{image} should be an image descriptor; it could be a value |
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4182 returned by @code{create-image}, or the value of a symbol defined with |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
4183 @code{defimage}. The argument @var{string} specifies the text to put |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
4184 in the buffer to hold the image. If it is omitted or @code{nil}, |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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4185 @code{insert-image} uses @code{" "} by default. |
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4186 |
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4187 The argument @var{area} specifies whether to put the image in a margin. |
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4188 If it is @code{left-margin}, the image appears in the left margin; |
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4189 @code{right-margin} specifies the right margin. If @var{area} is |
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4190 @code{nil} or omitted, the image is displayed at point within the |
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4191 buffer's text. |
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|
4192 |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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|
4193 The argument @var{slice} specifies a slice of the image to insert. If |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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|
4194 @var{slice} is @code{nil} or omitted the whole image is inserted. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
4195 Otherwise, @var{slice} is a list @code{(@var{x} @var{y} @var{width} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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|
4196 @var{height})} which specifies the @var{x} and @var{y} positions and |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4197 @var{width} and @var{height} of the image area to insert. Integer |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4198 values are in units of pixels. A floating point number in the range |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
4199 0.0--1.0 stands for that fraction of the width or height of the entire |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4200 image. |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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changeset
|
4201 |
25875 | 4202 Internally, this function inserts @var{string} in the buffer, and gives |
4203 it a @code{display} property which specifies @var{image}. @xref{Display | |
25751
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|
4204 Property}. |
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4205 @end defun |
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4206 |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
4207 @defun insert-sliced-image image &optional string area rows cols |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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changeset
|
4208 This function inserts @var{image} in the current buffer at point, like |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
4209 @code{insert-image}, but splits the image into @var{rows}x@var{cols} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4210 equally sized slices. |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4211 @end defun |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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changeset
|
4212 |
29471 | 4213 @defun put-image image pos &optional string area |
25751
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4214 This function puts image @var{image} in front of @var{pos} in the |
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|
4215 current buffer. The argument @var{pos} should be an integer or a |
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|
4216 marker. It specifies the buffer position where the image should appear. |
29471 | 4217 The argument @var{string} specifies the text that should hold the image |
4218 as an alternative to the default. | |
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4219 |
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4220 The argument @var{image} must be an image descriptor, perhaps returned |
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4221 by @code{create-image} or stored by @code{defimage}. |
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|
4222 |
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4223 The argument @var{area} specifies whether to put the image in a margin. |
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4224 If it is @code{left-margin}, the image appears in the left margin; |
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|
4225 @code{right-margin} specifies the right margin. If @var{area} is |
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|
4226 @code{nil} or omitted, the image is displayed at point within the |
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|
4227 buffer's text. |
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|
4228 |
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|
4229 Internally, this function creates an overlay, and gives it a |
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|
4230 @code{before-string} property containing text that has a @code{display} |
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|
4231 property whose value is the image. (Whew!) |
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|
4232 @end defun |
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4233 |
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|
4234 @defun remove-images start end &optional buffer |
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4235 This function removes images in @var{buffer} between positions |
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|
4236 @var{start} and @var{end}. If @var{buffer} is omitted or @code{nil}, |
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|
4237 images are removed from the current buffer. |
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|
4238 |
27331
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4239 This removes only images that were put into @var{buffer} the way |
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|
4240 @code{put-image} does it, not images that were inserted with |
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|
4241 @code{insert-image} or in other ways. |
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|
4242 @end defun |
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|
4243 |
31373
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changeset
|
4244 @defun image-size spec &optional pixels frame |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4245 This function returns the size of an image as a pair |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4246 @w{@code{(@var{width} . @var{height})}}. @var{spec} is an image |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4247 specification. @var{pixels} non-@code{nil} means return sizes |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4248 measured in pixels, otherwise return sizes measured in canonical |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
4249 character units (fractions of the width/height of the frame's default |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
4250 font). @var{frame} is the frame on which the image will be displayed. |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
4251 @var{frame} null or omitted means use the selected frame (@pxref{Input |
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
4252 Focus}). |
31373
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4253 @end defun |
a3fd71daf442
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
4254 |
66197
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4255 @defvar max-image-size |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4256 This variable is used to define the maximum size of image that Emacs |
66209
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4257 will load. Emacs will refuse to load (and display) any image that is |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4258 larger than this limit. |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4259 |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4260 If the value is an integer, it directly specifies the maximum |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4261 image height and width, measured in pixels. If it is a floating |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4262 point number, it specifies the maximum image height and width |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4263 as a ratio to the frame height and width. If the value is |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4264 non-numeric, there is no explicit limit on the size of images. |
66197
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4265 |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4266 The purpose of this variable is to prevent unreasonably large images |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4267 from accidentally being loaded into Emacs. It only takes effect the |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4268 first time an image is loaded. Once an image is placed in the image |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4269 cache, it can always be displayed, even if the value of |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4270 @var{max-image-size} is subsequently changed (@pxref{Image Cache}). |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4271 @end defvar |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
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diff
changeset
|
4272 |
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|
4273 @node Image Cache |
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|
4274 @subsection Image Cache |
76835 | 4275 @cindex image cache |
25751
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|
4276 |
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|
4277 Emacs stores images in an image cache when it displays them, so it can |
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|
4278 display them again more efficiently. It removes an image from the cache |
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|
4279 when it hasn't been displayed for a specified period of time. |
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|
4280 |
28770 | 4281 When an image is looked up in the cache, its specification is compared |
4282 with cached image specifications using @code{equal}. This means that | |
4283 all images with equal specifications share the same image in the cache. | |
4284 | |
25751
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|
4285 @defvar image-cache-eviction-delay |
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|
4286 This variable specifies the number of seconds an image can remain in the |
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4287 cache without being displayed. When an image is not displayed for this |
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4288 length of time, Emacs removes it from the image cache. |
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4289 |
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4290 If the value is @code{nil}, Emacs does not remove images from the cache |
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4291 except when you explicitly clear it. This mode can be useful for |
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4292 debugging. |
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4293 @end defvar |
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4294 |
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4295 @defun clear-image-cache &optional frame |
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4296 This function clears the image cache. If @var{frame} is non-@code{nil}, |
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4297 only the cache for that frame is cleared. Otherwise all frames' caches |
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4298 are cleared. |
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4299 @end defun |
27447
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4300 |
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4301 @node Buttons |
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4302 @section Buttons |
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4303 @cindex buttons |
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4304 @cindex buttons in buffers |
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4305 @cindex clickable buttons in buffers |
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4306 |
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4307 The @emph{button} package defines functions for inserting and |
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4308 manipulating clickable (with the mouse, or via keyboard commands) |
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4309 buttons in Emacs buffers, such as might be used for help hyper-links, |
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4310 etc. Emacs uses buttons for the hyper-links in help text and the like. |
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4311 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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4312 A button is essentially a set of properties attached (via text |
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4313 properties or overlays) to a region of text in an Emacs buffer. These |
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4314 properties are called @dfn{button properties}. |
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4315 |
71748 | 4316 One of these properties (@code{action}) is a function, which will |
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4317 be called when the user invokes it using the keyboard or the mouse. |
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4318 The invoked function may then examine the button and use its other |
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4319 properties as desired. |
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4320 |
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|
4321 In some ways the Emacs button package duplicates functionality offered |
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4322 by the widget package (@pxref{Top, , Introduction, widget, The Emacs |
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|
4323 Widget Library}), but the button package has the advantage that it is |
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4324 much faster, much smaller, and much simpler to use (for elisp |
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4325 programmers---for users, the result is about the same). The extra |
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4326 speed and space savings are useful mainly if you need to create many |
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4327 buttons in a buffer (for instance an @code{*Apropos*} buffer uses |
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4328 buttons to make entries clickable, and may contain many thousands of |
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4329 entries). |
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|
4330 |
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4331 @menu |
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4332 * Button Properties:: Button properties with special meanings. |
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4333 * Button Types:: Defining common properties for classes of buttons. |
55246 | 4334 * Making Buttons:: Adding buttons to Emacs buffers. |
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4335 * Manipulating Buttons:: Getting and setting properties of buttons. |
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4336 * Button Buffer Commands:: Buffer-wide commands and bindings for buttons. |
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4337 @end menu |
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4338 |
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4339 @node Button Properties |
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4340 @subsection Button Properties |
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4341 @cindex button properties |
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|
4342 |
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4343 Buttons have an associated list of properties defining their |
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|
4344 appearance and behavior, and other arbitrary properties may be used |
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|
4345 for application specific purposes. Some properties that have special |
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|
4346 meaning to the button package include: |
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|
4347 |
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|
4348 @table @code |
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4349 @item action |
53468
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|
4350 @kindex action @r{(button property)} |
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|
4351 The function to call when the user invokes the button, which is passed |
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|
4352 the single argument @var{button}. By default this is @code{ignore}, |
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|
4353 which does nothing. |
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|
4354 |
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|
4355 @item mouse-action |
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|
4356 @kindex mouse-action @r{(button property)} |
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4357 This is similar to @code{action}, and when present, will be used |
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|
4358 instead of @code{action} for button invocations resulting from |
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|
4359 mouse-clicks (instead of the user hitting @key{RET}). If not |
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|
4360 present, mouse-clicks use @code{action} instead. |
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|
4361 |
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|
4362 @item face |
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4363 @kindex face @r{(button property)} |
55246 | 4364 This is an Emacs face controlling how buttons of this type are |
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4365 displayed; by default this is the @code{button} face. |
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|
4366 |
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|
4367 @item mouse-face |
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|
4368 @kindex mouse-face @r{(button property)} |
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4369 This is an additional face which controls appearance during |
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|
4370 mouse-overs (merged with the usual button face); by default this is |
55246 | 4371 the usual Emacs @code{highlight} face. |
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4372 |
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|
4373 @item keymap |
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|
4374 @kindex keymap @r{(button property)} |
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4375 The button's keymap, defining bindings active within the button |
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|
4376 region. By default this is the usual button region keymap, stored |
59505
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|
4377 in the variable @code{button-map}, which defines @key{RET} and |
19b4e3d63aed
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|
4378 @key{mouse-2} to invoke the button. |
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4379 |
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|
4380 @item type |
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4381 @kindex type @r{(button property)} |
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|
4382 The button-type of the button. When creating a button, this is |
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4383 usually specified using the @code{:type} keyword argument. |
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4384 @xref{Button Types}. |
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4385 |
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4386 @item help-echo |
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4387 @kindex help-index @r{(button property)} |
55246 | 4388 A string displayed by the Emacs tool-tip help system; by default, |
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4389 @code{"mouse-2, RET: Push this button"}. |
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4390 |
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|
4391 @item follow-link |
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4392 @kindex follow-link @r{(button property)} |
59505
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4393 The follow-link property, defining how a @key{Mouse-1} click behaves |
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|
4394 on this button, @xref{Links and Mouse-1}. |
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|
4395 |
53467
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4396 @item button |
53468
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4397 @kindex button @r{(button property)} |
53467
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4398 All buttons have a non-@code{nil} @code{button} property, which may be useful |
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4399 in finding regions of text that comprise buttons (which is what the |
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4400 standard button functions do). |
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4401 @end table |
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4402 |
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4403 There are other properties defined for the regions of text in a |
53467
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4404 button, but these are not generally interesting for typical uses. |
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4405 |
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4406 @node Button Types |
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4407 @subsection Button Types |
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4408 @cindex button types |
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4409 |
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4410 Every button has a button @emph{type}, which defines default values |
53468
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4411 for the button's properties. Button types are arranged in a |
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4412 hierarchy, with specialized types inheriting from more general types, |
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4413 so that it's easy to define special-purpose types of buttons for |
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4414 specific tasks. |
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4415 |
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4416 @defun define-button-type name &rest properties |
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4417 Define a `button type' called @var{name}. The remaining arguments |
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4418 form a sequence of @var{property value} pairs, specifying default |
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4419 property values for buttons with this type (a button's type may be set |
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4420 by giving it a @code{type} property when creating the button, using |
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4421 the @code{:type} keyword argument). |
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4422 |
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4423 In addition, the keyword argument @code{:supertype} may be used to |
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4424 specify a button-type from which @var{name} inherits its default |
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4425 property values. Note that this inheritance happens only when |
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4426 @var{name} is defined; subsequent changes to a supertype are not |
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4427 reflected in its subtypes. |
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4428 @end defun |
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4429 |
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|
4430 Using @code{define-button-type} to define default properties for |
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4431 buttons is not necessary---buttons without any specified type use the |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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4432 built-in button-type @code{button}---but it is encouraged, since |
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4433 doing so usually makes the resulting code clearer and more efficient. |
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4434 |
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4435 @node Making Buttons |
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4436 @subsection Making Buttons |
53467
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4437 @cindex making buttons |
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4438 |
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4439 Buttons are associated with a region of text, using an overlay or |
60503
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parents:
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|
4440 text properties to hold button-specific information, all of which are |
53467
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4441 initialized from the button's type (which defaults to the built-in |
55246 | 4442 button type @code{button}). Like all Emacs text, the appearance of |
53467
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4443 the button is governed by the @code{face} property; by default (via |
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4444 the @code{face} property inherited from the @code{button} button-type) |
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4445 this is a simple underline, like a typical web-page link. |
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4446 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4447 For convenience, there are two sorts of button-creation functions, |
53467
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4448 those that add button properties to an existing region of a buffer, |
68084 | 4449 called @code{make-...button}, and those that also insert the button |
4450 text, called @code{insert-...button}. | |
53467
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4451 |
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|
4452 The button-creation functions all take the @code{&rest} argument |
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4453 @var{properties}, which should be a sequence of @var{property value} |
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4454 pairs, specifying properties to add to the button; see @ref{Button |
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4455 Properties}. In addition, the keyword argument @code{:type} may be |
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4456 used to specify a button-type from which to inherit other properties; |
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4457 see @ref{Button Types}. Any properties not explicitly specified |
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4458 during creation will be inherited from the button's type (if the type |
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4459 defines such a property). |
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4460 |
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|
4461 The following functions add a button using an overlay |
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4462 (@pxref{Overlays}) to hold the button properties: |
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4463 |
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4464 @defun make-button beg end &rest properties |
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|
4465 This makes a button from @var{beg} to @var{end} in the |
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|
4466 current buffer, and returns it. |
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4467 @end defun |
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4468 |
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4469 @defun insert-button label &rest properties |
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|
4470 This insert a button with the label @var{label} at point, |
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|
4471 and returns it. |
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4472 @end defun |
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4473 |
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|
4474 The following functions are similar, but use Emacs text properties |
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|
4475 (@pxref{Text Properties}) to hold the button properties, making the |
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4476 button actually part of the text instead of being a property of the |
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|
4477 buffer. Buttons using text properties do not create markers into the |
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|
4478 buffer, which is important for speed when you use extremely large |
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|
4479 numbers of buttons. Both functions return the position of the start |
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|
4480 of the new button: |
53467
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|
4481 |
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|
4482 @defun make-text-button beg end &rest properties |
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|
4483 This makes a button from @var{beg} to @var{end} in the current buffer, using |
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|
4484 text properties. |
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4485 @end defun |
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|
4486 |
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|
4487 @defun insert-text-button label &rest properties |
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|
4488 This inserts a button with the label @var{label} at point, using text |
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|
4489 properties. |
53467
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4490 @end defun |
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|
4491 |
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|
4492 @node Manipulating Buttons |
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4493 @subsection Manipulating Buttons |
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4494 @cindex manipulating buttons |
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4495 |
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4496 These are functions for getting and setting properties of buttons. |
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4497 Often these are used by a button's invocation function to determine |
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4498 what to do. |
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4499 |
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4500 Where a @var{button} parameter is specified, it means an object |
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4501 referring to a specific button, either an overlay (for overlay |
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4502 buttons), or a buffer-position or marker (for text property buttons). |
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4503 Such an object is passed as the first argument to a button's |
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4504 invocation function when it is invoked. |
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4505 |
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4506 @defun button-start button |
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4507 Return the position at which @var{button} starts. |
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4508 @end defun |
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4509 |
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4510 @defun button-end button |
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4511 Return the position at which @var{button} ends. |
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4512 @end defun |
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4513 |
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4514 @defun button-get button prop |
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4515 Get the property of button @var{button} named @var{prop}. |
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4516 @end defun |
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4517 |
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4518 @defun button-put button prop val |
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4519 Set @var{button}'s @var{prop} property to @var{val}. |
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4520 @end defun |
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4521 |
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4522 @defun button-activate button &optional use-mouse-action |
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4523 Call @var{button}'s @code{action} property (i.e., invoke it). If |
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4524 @var{use-mouse-action} is non-@code{nil}, try to invoke the button's |
53468
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4525 @code{mouse-action} property instead of @code{action}; if the button |
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4526 has no @code{mouse-action} property, use @code{action} as normal. |
53467
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4527 @end defun |
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4528 |
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4529 @defun button-label button |
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4530 Return @var{button}'s text label. |
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4531 @end defun |
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4532 |
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4533 @defun button-type button |
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4534 Return @var{button}'s button-type. |
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4535 @end defun |
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4536 |
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4537 @defun button-has-type-p button type |
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4538 Return @code{t} if @var{button} has button-type @var{type}, or one of |
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4539 @var{type}'s subtypes. |
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4540 @end defun |
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4541 |
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4542 @defun button-at pos |
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4543 Return the button at position @var{pos} in the current buffer, or @code{nil}. |
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4544 @end defun |
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4545 |
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4546 @defun button-type-put type prop val |
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4547 Set the button-type @var{type}'s @var{prop} property to @var{val}. |
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4548 @end defun |
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4549 |
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4550 @defun button-type-get type prop |
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4551 Get the property of button-type @var{type} named @var{prop}. |
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4552 @end defun |
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4553 |
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4554 @defun button-type-subtype-p type supertype |
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4555 Return @code{t} if button-type @var{type} is a subtype of @var{supertype}. |
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4556 @end defun |
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4557 |
53467
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4558 @node Button Buffer Commands |
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4559 @subsection Button Buffer Commands |
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4560 @cindex button buffer commands |
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4561 |
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4562 These are commands and functions for locating and operating on |
55246 | 4563 buttons in an Emacs buffer. |
53467
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4564 |
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4565 @code{push-button} is the command that a user uses to actually `push' |
59505
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4566 a button, and is bound by default in the button itself to @key{RET} |
53829
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4567 and to @key{mouse-2} using a region-specific keymap. Commands |
53467
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4568 that are useful outside the buttons itself, such as |
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4569 @code{forward-button} and @code{backward-button} are additionally |
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4570 available in the keymap stored in @code{button-buffer-map}; a mode |
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4571 which uses buttons may want to use @code{button-buffer-map} as a |
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4572 parent keymap for its keymap. |
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4573 |
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4574 If the button has a non-@code{nil} @code{follow-link} property, and |
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4575 @var{mouse-1-click-follows-link} is set, a quick @key{Mouse-1} click |
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4576 will also activate the @code{push-button} command. |
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4577 @xref{Links and Mouse-1}. |
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|
4578 |
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4579 @deffn Command push-button &optional pos use-mouse-action |
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4580 Perform the action specified by a button at location @var{pos}. |
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4581 @var{pos} may be either a buffer position or a mouse-event. If |
53468
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4582 @var{use-mouse-action} is non-@code{nil}, or @var{pos} is a |
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4583 mouse-event (@pxref{Mouse Events}), try to invoke the button's |
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4584 @code{mouse-action} property instead of @code{action}; if the button |
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4585 has no @code{mouse-action} property, use @code{action} as normal. |
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4586 @var{pos} defaults to point, except when @code{push-button} is invoked |
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4587 interactively as the result of a mouse-event, in which case, the mouse |
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4588 event's position is used. If there's no button at @var{pos}, do |
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4589 nothing and return @code{nil}, otherwise return @code{t}. |
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4590 @end deffn |
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4591 |
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4592 @deffn Command forward-button n &optional wrap display-message |
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4593 Move to the @var{n}th next button, or @var{n}th previous button if |
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4594 @var{n} is negative. If @var{n} is zero, move to the start of any |
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4595 button at point. If @var{wrap} is non-@code{nil}, moving past either |
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4596 end of the buffer continues from the other end. If |
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4597 @var{display-message} is non-@code{nil}, the button's help-echo string |
53468
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4598 is displayed. Any button with a non-@code{nil} @code{skip} property |
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4599 is skipped over. Returns the button found. |
53467
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4600 @end deffn |
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4601 |
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4602 @deffn Command backward-button n &optional wrap display-message |
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4603 Move to the @var{n}th previous button, or @var{n}th next button if |
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4604 @var{n} is negative. If @var{n} is zero, move to the start of any |
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4605 button at point. If @var{wrap} is non-@code{nil}, moving past either |
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4606 end of the buffer continues from the other end. If |
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4607 @var{display-message} is non-@code{nil}, the button's help-echo string |
53468
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4608 is displayed. Any button with a non-@code{nil} @code{skip} property |
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4609 is skipped over. Returns the button found. |
53467
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4610 @end deffn |
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4611 |
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4612 @defun next-button pos &optional count-current |
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4613 Return the next button after position @var{pos} in the current buffer. |
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4614 If @var{count-current} is non-@code{nil}, count any button at |
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4615 @var{pos} in the search, instead of starting at the next button. |
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4616 @end defun |
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4617 |
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4618 @defun previous-button pos &optional count-current |
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4619 Return the @var{n}th button before position @var{pos} in the current |
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4620 buffer. If @var{count-current} is non-@code{nil}, count any button at |
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4621 @var{pos} in the search, instead of starting at the next button. |
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4622 @end defun |
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4623 |
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4624 @node Abstract Display |
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4625 @section Abstract Display |
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4626 @cindex ewoc |
76833 | 4627 @cindex abstract display |
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4628 @cindex display, abstract |
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4629 @cindex display, arbitrary objects |
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4630 @cindex model/view/controller |
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4631 @cindex view part, model/view/controller |
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4632 |
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4633 The Ewoc package constructs buffer text that represents a structure |
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4634 of Lisp objects, and updates the text to follow changes in that |
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4635 structure. This is like the ``view'' component in the |
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4636 ``model/view/controller'' design paradigm. |
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4637 |
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4638 An @dfn{ewoc} is a structure that organizes information required to |
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4639 construct buffer text that represents certain Lisp data. The buffer |
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4640 text of the ewoc has three parts, in order: first, fixed @dfn{header} |
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4641 text; next, textual descriptions of a series of data elements (Lisp |
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4642 objects that you specify); and last, fixed @dfn{footer} text. |
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4643 Specifically, an ewoc contains information on: |
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4644 |
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4645 @itemize @bullet |
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4646 @item |
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4647 The buffer which its text is generated in. |
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4648 |
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4649 @item |
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4650 The text's start position in the buffer. |
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4651 |
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4652 @item |
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4653 The header and footer strings. |
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4654 |
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4655 @item |
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4656 A doubly-linked chain of @dfn{nodes}, each of which contains: |
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4657 |
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4658 @itemize |
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4659 @item |
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4660 A @dfn{data element}, a single Lisp object. |
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4661 |
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4662 @item |
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4663 Links to the preceding and following nodes in the chain. |
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4664 @end itemize |
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4665 |
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4666 @item |
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4667 A @dfn{pretty-printer} function which is responsible for |
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4668 inserting the textual representation of a data |
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4669 element value into the current buffer. |
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4670 @end itemize |
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4671 |
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4672 Typically, you define an ewoc with @code{ewoc-create}, and then pass |
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4673 the resulting ewoc structure to other functions in the Ewoc package to |
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4674 build nodes within it, and display it in the buffer. Once it is |
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4675 displayed in the buffer, other functions determine the correspondance |
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4676 between buffer positions and nodes, move point from one node's textual |
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4677 representation to another, and so forth. @xref{Abstract Display |
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4678 Functions}. |
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4679 |
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4680 A node @dfn{encapsulates} a data element much the way a variable |
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4681 holds a value. Normally, encapsulation occurs as a part of adding a |
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4682 node to the ewoc. You can retrieve the data element value and place a |
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4683 new value in its place, like so: |
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4684 |
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4685 @lisp |
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4686 (ewoc-data @var{node}) |
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4687 @result{} value |
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4688 |
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4689 (ewoc-set-data @var{node} @var{new-value}) |
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4690 @result{} @var{new-value} |
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4691 @end lisp |
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4692 |
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4693 @noindent |
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4694 You can also use, as the data element value, a Lisp object (list or |
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4695 vector) that is a container for the ``real'' value, or an index into |
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4696 some other structure. The example (@pxref{Abstract Display Example}) |
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4697 uses the latter approach. |
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4698 |
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4699 When the data changes, you will want to update the text in the |
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4700 buffer. You can update all nodes by calling @code{ewoc-refresh}, or |
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4701 just specific nodes using @code{ewoc-invalidate}, or all nodes |
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4702 satisfying a predicate using @code{ewoc-map}. Alternatively, you can |
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4703 delete invalid nodes using @code{ewoc-delete} or @code{ewoc-filter}, |
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4704 and add new nodes in their place. Deleting a node from an ewoc deletes |
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4705 its associated textual description from buffer, as well. |
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4706 |
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4707 @menu |
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4708 * Abstract Display Functions:: |
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4709 * Abstract Display Example:: |
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4710 @end menu |
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4711 |
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4712 @node Abstract Display Functions |
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4713 @subsection Abstract Display Functions |
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4714 |
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4715 In this subsection, @var{ewoc} and @var{node} stand for the |
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4716 structures described above (@pxref{Abstract Display}), while |
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4717 @var{data} stands for an arbitrary Lisp object used as a data element. |
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4718 |
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4719 @defun ewoc-create pretty-printer &optional header footer nosep |
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4720 This constructs and returns a new ewoc, with no nodes (and thus no data |
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4721 elements). @var{pretty-printer} should be a function that takes one |
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4722 argument, a data element of the sort you plan to use in this ewoc, and |
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4723 inserts its textual description at point using @code{insert} (and never |
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4724 @code{insert-before-markers}, because that would interfere with the |
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4725 Ewoc package's internal mechanisms). |
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4726 |
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4727 Normally, a newline is automatically inserted after the header, |
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4728 the footer and every node's textual description. If @var{nosep} |
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4729 is non-@code{nil}, no newline is inserted. This may be useful for |
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4730 displaying an entire ewoc on a single line, for example, or for |
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4731 making nodes ``invisible'' by arranging for @var{pretty-printer} |
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4732 to do nothing for those nodes. |
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4733 |
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4734 An ewoc maintains its text in the buffer that is current when |
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4735 you create it, so switch to the intended buffer before calling |
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4736 @code{ewoc-create}. |
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4737 @end defun |
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4738 |
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4739 @defun ewoc-buffer ewoc |
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4740 This returns the buffer where @var{ewoc} maintains its text. |
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4741 @end defun |
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4742 |
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4743 @defun ewoc-get-hf ewoc |
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4744 This returns a cons cell @code{(@var{header} . @var{footer})} |
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4745 made from @var{ewoc}'s header and footer. |
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4746 @end defun |
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4747 |
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4748 @defun ewoc-set-hf ewoc header footer |
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4749 This sets the header and footer of @var{ewoc} to the strings |
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4750 @var{header} and @var{footer}, respectively. |
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4751 @end defun |
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4752 |
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4753 @defun ewoc-enter-first ewoc data |
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4754 @defunx ewoc-enter-last ewoc data |
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4755 These add a new node encapsulating @var{data}, putting it, respectively, |
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4756 at the beginning or end of @var{ewoc}'s chain of nodes. |
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4757 @end defun |
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4758 |
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4759 @defun ewoc-enter-before ewoc node data |
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4760 @defunx ewoc-enter-after ewoc node data |
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4761 These add a new node encapsulating @var{data}, adding it to |
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4762 @var{ewoc} before or after @var{node}, respectively. |
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4763 @end defun |
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4764 |
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4765 @defun ewoc-prev ewoc node |
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4766 @defunx ewoc-next ewoc node |
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4767 These return, respectively, the previous node and the next node of @var{node} |
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4768 in @var{ewoc}. |
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4769 @end defun |
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4770 |
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4771 @defun ewoc-nth ewoc n |
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4772 This returns the node in @var{ewoc} found at zero-based index @var{n}. |
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4773 A negative @var{n} means count from the end. @code{ewoc-nth} returns |
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4774 @code{nil} if @var{n} is out of range. |
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4775 @end defun |
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4776 |
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4777 @defun ewoc-data node |
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4778 This extracts the data encapsulated by @var{node} and returns it. |
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4779 @end defun |
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4780 |
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4781 @defun ewoc-set-data node data |
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4782 This sets the data encapsulated by @var{node} to @var{data}. |
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4783 @end defun |
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4784 |
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4785 @defun ewoc-locate ewoc &optional pos guess |
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4786 This determines the node in @var{ewoc} which contains point (or |
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4787 @var{pos} if specified), and returns that node. If @var{ewoc} has no |
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4788 nodes, it returns @code{nil}. If @var{pos} is before the first node, |
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4789 it returns the first node; if @var{pos} is after the last node, it returns |
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4790 the last node. The optional third arg @var{guess} |
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4791 should be a node that is likely to be near @var{pos}; this doesn't |
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4792 alter the result, but makes the function run faster. |
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4793 @end defun |
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4794 |
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4795 @defun ewoc-location node |
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4796 This returns the start position of @var{node}. |
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4797 @end defun |
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4798 |
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4799 @defun ewoc-goto-prev ewoc arg |
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4800 @defunx ewoc-goto-next ewoc arg |
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4801 These move point to the previous or next, respectively, @var{arg}th node |
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4802 in @var{ewoc}. @code{ewoc-goto-prev} does not move if it is already at |
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4803 the first node or if @var{ewoc} is empty, whereas @code{ewoc-goto-next} |
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4804 moves past the last node, returning @code{nil}. Excepting this special |
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4805 case, these functions return the node moved to. |
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4806 @end defun |
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4807 |
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|
4808 @defun ewoc-goto-node ewoc node |
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4809 This moves point to the start of @var{node} in @var{ewoc}. |
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|
4810 @end defun |
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|
4811 |
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|
4812 @defun ewoc-refresh ewoc |
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|
4813 This function regenerates the text of @var{ewoc}. It works by |
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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|
4814 deleting the text between the header and the footer, i.e., all the |
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
4815 data elements' representations, and then calling the pretty-printer |
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|
4816 function for each node, one by one, in order. |
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|
4817 @end defun |
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|
4818 |
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|
4819 @defun ewoc-invalidate ewoc &rest nodes |
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|
4820 This is similar to @code{ewoc-refresh}, except that only @var{nodes} in |
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|
4821 @var{ewoc} are updated instead of the entire set. |
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|
4822 @end defun |
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|
4823 |
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|
4824 @defun ewoc-delete ewoc &rest nodes |
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|
4825 This deletes each node in @var{nodes} from @var{ewoc}. |
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|
4826 @end defun |
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|
4827 |
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|
4828 @defun ewoc-filter ewoc predicate &rest args |
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|
4829 This calls @var{predicate} for each data element in @var{ewoc} and |
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
4830 deletes those nodes for which @var{predicate} returns @code{nil}. |
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|
4831 Any @var{args} are passed to @var{predicate}. |
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|
4832 @end defun |
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|
4833 |
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|
4834 @defun ewoc-collect ewoc predicate &rest args |
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|
4835 This calls @var{predicate} for each data element in @var{ewoc} |
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|
4836 and returns a list of those elements for which @var{predicate} |
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|
4837 returns non-@code{nil}. The elements in the list are ordered |
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|
4838 as in the buffer. Any @var{args} are passed to @var{predicate}. |
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|
4839 @end defun |
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|
4840 |
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|
4841 @defun ewoc-map map-function ewoc &rest args |
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
4842 This calls @var{map-function} for each data element in @var{ewoc} and |
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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|
4843 updates those nodes for which @var{map-function} returns non-@code{nil}. |
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|
4844 Any @var{args} are passed to @var{map-function}. |
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|
4845 @end defun |
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|
4846 |
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|
4847 @node Abstract Display Example |
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|
4848 @subsection Abstract Display Example |
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|
4849 |
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|
4850 Here is a simple example using functions of the ewoc package to |
71957
61cb5aae3bc3
Put period and comma inside quotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4851 implement a ``color components display,'' an area in a buffer that |
71009
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|
4852 represents a vector of three integers (itself representing a 24-bit RGB |
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
4853 value) in various ways. |
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|
4854 |
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|
4855 @example |
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|
4856 (setq colorcomp-ewoc nil |
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|
4857 colorcomp-data nil |
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
4858 colorcomp-mode-map nil |
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
4859 colorcomp-labels ["Red" "Green" "Blue"]) |
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|
4860 |
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|
4861 (defun colorcomp-pp (data) |
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|
4862 (if data |
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|
4863 (let ((comp (aref colorcomp-data data))) |
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parents:
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|
4864 (insert (aref colorcomp-labels data) "\t: #x" |
a2f2de00b286
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
4865 (format "%02X" comp) " " |
a2f2de00b286
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|
4866 (make-string (ash comp -2) ?#) "\n")) |
a2f2de00b286
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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|
4867 (let ((cstr (format "#%02X%02X%02X" |
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|
4868 (aref colorcomp-data 0) |
a2f2de00b286
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
4869 (aref colorcomp-data 1) |
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
4870 (aref colorcomp-data 2))) |
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(Display): Add "Abstract Display" to menu.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4871 (samp " (sample text) ")) |
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
4872 (insert "Color\t: " |
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diff
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|
4873 (propertize samp 'face `(foreground-color . ,cstr)) |
a2f2de00b286
(Display): Add "Abstract Display" to menu.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4874 (propertize samp 'face `(background-color . ,cstr)) |
a2f2de00b286
(Display): Add "Abstract Display" to menu.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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|
4875 "\n")))) |
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diff
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|
4876 |
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changeset
|
4877 (defun colorcomp (color) |
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|
4878 "Allow fiddling with COLOR in a new buffer. |
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(Display): Add "Abstract Display" to menu.
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diff
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|
4879 The buffer is in Color Components mode." |
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|
4880 (interactive "sColor (name or #RGB or #RRGGBB): ") |
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diff
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|
4881 (when (string= "" color) |
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|
4882 (setq color "green")) |
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|
4883 (unless (color-values color) |
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diff
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|
4884 (error "No such color: %S" color)) |
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(Display): Add "Abstract Display" to menu.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4885 (switch-to-buffer |
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|
4886 (generate-new-buffer (format "originally: %s" color))) |
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|
4887 (kill-all-local-variables) |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
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|
4888 (setq major-mode 'colorcomp-mode |
a2f2de00b286
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|
4889 mode-name "Color Components") |
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|
4890 (use-local-map colorcomp-mode-map) |
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parents:
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diff
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|
4891 (erase-buffer) |
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diff
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|
4892 (buffer-disable-undo) |
a2f2de00b286
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parents:
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|
4893 (let ((data (apply 'vector (mapcar (lambda (n) (ash n -8)) |
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|
4894 (color-values color)))) |
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|
4895 (ewoc (ewoc-create 'colorcomp-pp |
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|
4896 "\nColor Components\n\n" |
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|
4897 (substitute-command-keys |
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|
4898 "\n\\@{colorcomp-mode-map@}")))) |
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|
4899 (set (make-local-variable 'colorcomp-data) data) |
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|
4900 (set (make-local-variable 'colorcomp-ewoc) ewoc) |
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|
4901 (ewoc-enter-last ewoc 0) |
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|
4902 (ewoc-enter-last ewoc 1) |
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|
4903 (ewoc-enter-last ewoc 2) |
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|
4904 (ewoc-enter-last ewoc nil))) |
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|
4905 @end example |
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|
4906 |
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|
4907 @cindex controller part, model/view/controller |
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|
4908 This example can be extended to be a ``color selection widget'' (in |
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|
4909 other words, the controller part of the ``model/view/controller'' |
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|
4910 design paradigm) by defining commands to modify @code{colorcomp-data} |
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4911 and to ``finish'' the selection process, and a keymap to tie it all |
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|
4912 together conveniently. |
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|
4913 |
71638 | 4914 @smallexample |
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|
4915 (defun colorcomp-mod (index limit delta) |
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|
4916 (let ((cur (aref colorcomp-data index))) |
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|
4917 (unless (= limit cur) |
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|
4918 (aset colorcomp-data index (+ cur delta))) |
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4919 (ewoc-invalidate |
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4920 colorcomp-ewoc |
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4921 (ewoc-nth colorcomp-ewoc index) |
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4922 (ewoc-nth colorcomp-ewoc -1)))) |
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4923 |
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4924 (defun colorcomp-R-more () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 0 255 1)) |
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4925 (defun colorcomp-G-more () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 1 255 1)) |
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4926 (defun colorcomp-B-more () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 2 255 1)) |
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4927 (defun colorcomp-R-less () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 0 0 -1)) |
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4928 (defun colorcomp-G-less () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 1 0 -1)) |
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4929 (defun colorcomp-B-less () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 2 0 -1)) |
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4930 |
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4931 (defun colorcomp-copy-as-kill-and-exit () |
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4932 "Copy the color components into the kill ring and kill the buffer. |
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4933 The string is formatted #RRGGBB (hash followed by six hex digits)." |
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4934 (interactive) |
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|
4935 (kill-new (format "#%02X%02X%02X" |
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4936 (aref colorcomp-data 0) |
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4937 (aref colorcomp-data 1) |
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4938 (aref colorcomp-data 2))) |
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4939 (kill-buffer nil)) |
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4940 |
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4941 (setq colorcomp-mode-map |
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4942 (let ((m (make-sparse-keymap))) |
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4943 (suppress-keymap m) |
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4944 (define-key m "i" 'colorcomp-R-less) |
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4945 (define-key m "o" 'colorcomp-R-more) |
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4946 (define-key m "k" 'colorcomp-G-less) |
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4947 (define-key m "l" 'colorcomp-G-more) |
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4948 (define-key m "," 'colorcomp-B-less) |
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4949 (define-key m "." 'colorcomp-B-more) |
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4950 (define-key m " " 'colorcomp-copy-as-kill-and-exit) |
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4951 m)) |
71638 | 4952 @end smallexample |
71009
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4953 |
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4954 Note that we never modify the data in each node, which is fixed when the |
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4955 ewoc is created to be either @code{nil} or an index into the vector |
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4956 @code{colorcomp-data}, the actual color components. |
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4957 |
6598 | 4958 @node Blinking |
4959 @section Blinking Parentheses | |
4960 @cindex parenthesis matching | |
4961 @cindex blinking | |
4962 @cindex balancing parentheses | |
4963 @cindex close parenthesis | |
4964 | |
4965 This section describes the mechanism by which Emacs shows a matching | |
4966 open parenthesis when the user inserts a close parenthesis. | |
4967 | |
4968 @defvar blink-paren-function | |
4969 The value of this variable should be a function (of no arguments) to | |
4970 be called whenever a character with close parenthesis syntax is inserted. | |
4971 The value of @code{blink-paren-function} may be @code{nil}, in which | |
4972 case nothing is done. | |
4973 @end defvar | |
4974 | |
22252
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4975 @defopt blink-matching-paren |
6598 | 4976 If this variable is @code{nil}, then @code{blink-matching-open} does |
4977 nothing. | |
22252
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4978 @end defopt |
6598 | 4979 |
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4980 @defopt blink-matching-paren-distance |
6598 | 4981 This variable specifies the maximum distance to scan for a matching |
4982 parenthesis before giving up. | |
22252
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4983 @end defopt |
6598 | 4984 |
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4985 @defopt blink-matching-delay |
12098 | 4986 This variable specifies the number of seconds for the cursor to remain |
4987 at the matching parenthesis. A fraction of a second often gives | |
4988 good results, but the default is 1, which works on all systems. | |
22252
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4989 @end defopt |
12098 | 4990 |
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4991 @deffn Command blink-matching-open |
6598 | 4992 This function is the default value of @code{blink-paren-function}. It |
4993 assumes that point follows a character with close parenthesis syntax and | |
4994 moves the cursor momentarily to the matching opening character. If that | |
4995 character is not already on the screen, it displays the character's | |
4996 context in the echo area. To avoid long delays, this function does not | |
4997 search farther than @code{blink-matching-paren-distance} characters. | |
4998 | |
4999 Here is an example of calling this function explicitly. | |
5000 | |
5001 @smallexample | |
5002 @group | |
5003 (defun interactive-blink-matching-open () | |
5004 @c Do not break this line! -- rms. | |
5005 @c The first line of a doc string | |
5006 @c must stand alone. | |
5007 "Indicate momentarily the start of sexp before point." | |
5008 (interactive) | |
5009 @end group | |
5010 @group | |
5011 (let ((blink-matching-paren-distance | |
5012 (buffer-size)) | |
5013 (blink-matching-paren t)) | |
5014 (blink-matching-open))) | |
5015 @end group | |
5016 @end smallexample | |
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5017 @end deffn |
6598 | 5018 |
5019 @node Usual Display | |
5020 @section Usual Display Conventions | |
5021 | |
5022 The usual display conventions define how to display each character | |
5023 code. You can override these conventions by setting up a display table | |
5024 (@pxref{Display Tables}). Here are the usual display conventions: | |
5025 | |
5026 @itemize @bullet | |
5027 @item | |
5028 Character codes 32 through 126 map to glyph codes 32 through 126. | |
5029 Normally this means they display as themselves. | |
5030 | |
5031 @item | |
5032 Character code 9 is a horizontal tab. It displays as whitespace | |
5033 up to a position determined by @code{tab-width}. | |
5034 | |
5035 @item | |
5036 Character code 10 is a newline. | |
5037 | |
5038 @item | |
5039 All other codes in the range 0 through 31, and code 127, display in one | |
9009 | 5040 of two ways according to the value of @code{ctl-arrow}. If it is |
6598 | 5041 non-@code{nil}, these codes map to sequences of two glyphs, where the |
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5042 first glyph is the @acronym{ASCII} code for @samp{^}. (A display table can |
6598 | 5043 specify a glyph to use instead of @samp{^}.) Otherwise, these codes map |
5044 just like the codes in the range 128 to 255. | |
5045 | |
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5046 On MS-DOS terminals, Emacs arranges by default for the character code |
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5047 127 to be mapped to the glyph code 127, which normally displays as an |
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5048 empty polygon. This glyph is used to display non-@acronym{ASCII} characters |
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5049 that the MS-DOS terminal doesn't support. @xref{MS-DOS and MULE,,, |
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5050 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}. |
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5051 |
6598 | 5052 @item |
5053 Character codes 128 through 255 map to sequences of four glyphs, where | |
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5054 the first glyph is the @acronym{ASCII} code for @samp{\}, and the others are |
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5055 digit characters representing the character code in octal. (A display |
21682
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5056 table can specify a glyph to use instead of @samp{\}.) |
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5057 |
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5058 @item |
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5059 Multibyte character codes above 256 are displayed as themselves, or as a |
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5060 question mark or empty box if the terminal cannot display that |
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5061 character. |
6598 | 5062 @end itemize |
5063 | |
5064 The usual display conventions apply even when there is a display | |
5065 table, for any character whose entry in the active display table is | |
5066 @code{nil}. Thus, when you set up a display table, you need only | |
21682
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5067 specify the characters for which you want special behavior. |
6598 | 5068 |
24951
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5069 These display rules apply to carriage return (character code 13), when |
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5070 it appears in the buffer. But that character may not appear in the |
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5071 buffer where you expect it, if it was eliminated as part of end-of-line |
25454 | 5072 conversion (@pxref{Coding System Basics}). |
24951
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5073 |
6598 | 5074 These variables affect the way certain characters are displayed on the |
5075 screen. Since they change the number of columns the characters occupy, | |
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5076 they also affect the indentation functions. These variables also affect |
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5077 how the mode line is displayed; if you want to force redisplay of the |
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5078 mode line using the new values, call the function |
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5079 @code{force-mode-line-update} (@pxref{Mode Line Format}). |
6598 | 5080 |
5081 @defopt ctl-arrow | |
5082 @cindex control characters in display | |
5083 This buffer-local variable controls how control characters are | |
5084 displayed. If it is non-@code{nil}, they are displayed as a caret | |
5085 followed by the character: @samp{^A}. If it is @code{nil}, they are | |
5086 displayed as a backslash followed by three octal digits: @samp{\001}. | |
5087 @end defopt | |
5088 | |
5089 @c Following may have overfull hbox. | |
5090 @defvar default-ctl-arrow | |
5091 The value of this variable is the default value for @code{ctl-arrow} in | |
5092 buffers that do not override it. @xref{Default Value}. | |
5093 @end defvar | |
5094 | |
58496
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5095 @defopt tab-width |
65369
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5096 The value of this buffer-local variable is the spacing between tab |
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5097 stops used for displaying tab characters in Emacs buffers. The value |
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5098 is in units of columns, and the default is 8. Note that this feature |
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5099 is completely independent of the user-settable tab stops used by the |
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5100 command @code{tab-to-tab-stop}. @xref{Indent Tabs}. |
58496
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5101 @end defopt |
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5102 |
6598 | 5103 @node Display Tables |
5104 @section Display Tables | |
5105 | |
5106 @cindex display table | |
21682
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5107 You can use the @dfn{display table} feature to control how all possible |
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5108 character codes display on the screen. This is useful for displaying |
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5109 European languages that have letters not in the @acronym{ASCII} character |
21682
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5110 set. |
6598 | 5111 |
5112 The display table maps each character code into a sequence of | |
25751
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5113 @dfn{glyphs}, each glyph being a graphic that takes up one character |
6598 | 5114 position on the screen. You can also define how to display each glyph |
5115 on your terminal, using the @dfn{glyph table}. | |
5116 | |
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5117 Display tables affect how the mode line is displayed; if you want to |
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5118 force redisplay of the mode line using a new display table, call |
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5119 @code{force-mode-line-update} (@pxref{Mode Line Format}). |
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5120 |
6598 | 5121 @menu |
53467
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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5122 * Display Table Format:: What a display table consists of. |
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5123 * Active Display Table:: How Emacs selects a display table to use. |
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5124 * Glyphs:: How to define a glyph, and what glyphs mean. |
6598 | 5125 @end menu |
5126 | |
5127 @node Display Table Format | |
5128 @subsection Display Table Format | |
5129 | |
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5130 A display table is actually a char-table (@pxref{Char-Tables}) with |
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5131 @code{display-table} as its subtype. |
6598 | 5132 |
5133 @defun make-display-table | |
5134 This creates and returns a display table. The table initially has | |
5135 @code{nil} in all elements. | |
5136 @end defun | |
5137 | |
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5138 The ordinary elements of the display table are indexed by character |
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5139 codes; the element at index @var{c} says how to display the character |
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5140 code @var{c}. The value should be @code{nil} or a vector of the |
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5141 glyphs to be output (@pxref{Glyphs}). @code{nil} says to display the |
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5142 character @var{c} according to the usual display conventions |
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5143 (@pxref{Usual Display}). |
12067 | 5144 |
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5145 @strong{Warning:} if you use the display table to change the display |
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5146 of newline characters, the whole buffer will be displayed as one long |
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5147 ``line.'' |
6598 | 5148 |
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5149 The display table also has six ``extra slots'' which serve special |
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5150 purposes. Here is a table of their meanings; @code{nil} in any slot |
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5151 means to use the default for that slot, as stated below. |
6598 | 5152 |
5153 @table @asis | |
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5154 @item 0 |
6598 | 5155 The glyph for the end of a truncated screen line (the default for this |
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5156 is @samp{$}). @xref{Glyphs}. On graphical terminals, Emacs uses |
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5157 arrows in the fringes to indicate truncation, so the display table has |
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5158 no effect. |
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5159 |
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5160 @item 1 |
6598 | 5161 The glyph for the end of a continued line (the default is @samp{\}). |
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5162 On graphical terminals, Emacs uses curved arrows in the fringes to |
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5163 indicate continuation, so the display table has no effect. |
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5164 |
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5165 @item 2 |
6598 | 5166 The glyph for indicating a character displayed as an octal character |
5167 code (the default is @samp{\}). | |
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5168 |
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5169 @item 3 |
6598 | 5170 The glyph for indicating a control character (the default is @samp{^}). |
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5171 |
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5172 @item 4 |
6598 | 5173 A vector of glyphs for indicating the presence of invisible lines (the |
5174 default is @samp{...}). @xref{Selective Display}. | |
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5175 |
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5176 @item 5 |
8925 | 5177 The glyph used to draw the border between side-by-side windows (the |
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5178 default is @samp{|}). @xref{Splitting Windows}. This takes effect only |
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5179 when there are no scroll bars; if scroll bars are supported and in use, |
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5180 a scroll bar separates the two windows. |
6598 | 5181 @end table |
5182 | |
5183 For example, here is how to construct a display table that mimics the | |
5184 effect of setting @code{ctl-arrow} to a non-@code{nil} value: | |
5185 | |
5186 @example | |
5187 (setq disptab (make-display-table)) | |
5188 (let ((i 0)) | |
5189 (while (< i 32) | |
5190 (or (= i ?\t) (= i ?\n) | |
5191 (aset disptab i (vector ?^ (+ i 64)))) | |
5192 (setq i (1+ i))) | |
5193 (aset disptab 127 (vector ?^ ??))) | |
5194 @end example | |
5195 | |
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5196 @defun display-table-slot display-table slot |
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5197 This function returns the value of the extra slot @var{slot} of |
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5198 @var{display-table}. The argument @var{slot} may be a number from 0 to |
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5199 5 inclusive, or a slot name (symbol). Valid symbols are |
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5200 @code{truncation}, @code{wrap}, @code{escape}, @code{control}, |
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5201 @code{selective-display}, and @code{vertical-border}. |
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5202 @end defun |
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5203 |
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5204 @defun set-display-table-slot display-table slot value |
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5205 This function stores @var{value} in the extra slot @var{slot} of |
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5206 @var{display-table}. The argument @var{slot} may be a number from 0 to |
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5207 5 inclusive, or a slot name (symbol). Valid symbols are |
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5208 @code{truncation}, @code{wrap}, @code{escape}, @code{control}, |
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5209 @code{selective-display}, and @code{vertical-border}. |
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5210 @end defun |
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5211 |
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5212 @defun describe-display-table display-table |
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5213 This function displays a description of the display table |
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5214 @var{display-table} in a help buffer. |
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5215 @end defun |
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5216 |
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5217 @deffn Command describe-current-display-table |
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5218 This command displays a description of the current display table in a |
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5219 help buffer. |
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5220 @end deffn |
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5221 |
6598 | 5222 @node Active Display Table |
5223 @subsection Active Display Table | |
5224 @cindex active display table | |
5225 | |
5226 Each window can specify a display table, and so can each buffer. When | |
5227 a buffer @var{b} is displayed in window @var{w}, display uses the | |
5228 display table for window @var{w} if it has one; otherwise, the display | |
5229 table for buffer @var{b} if it has one; otherwise, the standard display | |
5230 table if any. The display table chosen is called the @dfn{active} | |
5231 display table. | |
5232 | |
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5233 @defun window-display-table &optional window |
6598 | 5234 This function returns @var{window}'s display table, or @code{nil} |
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5235 if @var{window} does not have an assigned display table. The default |
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5236 for @var{window} is the selected window. |
6598 | 5237 @end defun |
5238 | |
5239 @defun set-window-display-table window table | |
5240 This function sets the display table of @var{window} to @var{table}. | |
5241 The argument @var{table} should be either a display table or | |
5242 @code{nil}. | |
5243 @end defun | |
5244 | |
5245 @defvar buffer-display-table | |
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5246 This variable is automatically buffer-local in all buffers; its value in |
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5247 a particular buffer specifies the display table for that buffer. If it |
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5248 is @code{nil}, that means the buffer does not have an assigned display |
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5249 table. |
6598 | 5250 @end defvar |
5251 | |
5252 @defvar standard-display-table | |
5253 This variable's value is the default display table, used whenever a | |
5254 window has no display table and neither does the buffer displayed in | |
5255 that window. This variable is @code{nil} by default. | |
5256 @end defvar | |
5257 | |
5258 If there is no display table to use for a particular window---that is, | |
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5259 if the window specifies none, its buffer specifies none, and |
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5260 @code{standard-display-table} is @code{nil}---then Emacs uses the usual |
6598 | 5261 display conventions for all character codes in that window. @xref{Usual |
5262 Display}. | |
5263 | |
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5264 A number of functions for changing the standard display table |
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5265 are defined in the library @file{disp-table}. |
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5266 |
6598 | 5267 @node Glyphs |
5268 @subsection Glyphs | |
5269 | |
5270 @cindex glyph | |
5271 A @dfn{glyph} is a generalization of a character; it stands for an | |
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5272 image that takes up a single character position on the screen. Normally |
75755 | 5273 glyphs come from vectors in the display table (@pxref{Display Tables}). |
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5274 |
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5275 A glyph is represented in Lisp as a @dfn{glyph code}. A glyph code |
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5276 can be @dfn{simple} or it can be defined by the @dfn{glyph table}. A |
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5277 simple glyph code is just a way of specifying a character and a face |
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5278 to output it in. @xref{Faces}. |
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5279 |
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5280 The following functions are used to manipulate simple glyph codes: |
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5281 |
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5282 @defun make-glyph-code char &optional face |
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5283 This function returns a simple glyph code representing char @var{char} |
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5284 with face @var{face}. |
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5285 @end defun |
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5286 |
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5287 @defun glyph-char glyph |
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5288 This function returns the character of simple glyph code @var{glyph}. |
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5289 @end defun |
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5290 |
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5291 @defun glyph-face glyph |
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5292 This function returns face of simple glyph code @var{glyph}, or |
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5293 @code{nil} if @var{glyph} has the default face (face-id 0). |
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5294 @end defun |
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5295 |
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5296 On character terminals, you can set up a @dfn{glyph table} to define |
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5297 the meaning of glyph codes (represented as small integers). |
6598 | 5298 |
5299 @defvar glyph-table | |
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5300 The value of this variable is the current glyph table. It should be |
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5301 @code{nil} or a vector whose @var{g}th element defines glyph code |
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5302 @var{g}. |
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5303 |
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5304 If a glyph code is greater than or equal to the length of the glyph |
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5305 table, that code is automatically simple. If @code{glyph-table} is |
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5306 @code{nil} then all glyph codes are simple. |
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5307 |
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5308 The glyph table is used only on character terminals. On graphical |
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5309 displays, all glyph codes are simple. |
6598 | 5310 @end defvar |
5311 | |
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5312 Here are the meaningful types of elements in the glyph table: |
6598 | 5313 |
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5314 @table @asis |
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5315 @item @var{string} |
6598 | 5316 Send the characters in @var{string} to the terminal to output |
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5317 this glyph code. |
6598 | 5318 |
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5319 @item @var{code} |
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5320 Define this glyph code as an alias for glyph code @var{code} created |
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5321 by @code{make-glyph-code}. You can use such an alias to define a |
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5322 small-numbered glyph code which specifies a character with a face. |
6598 | 5323 |
5324 @item @code{nil} | |
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5325 This glyph code is simple. |
6598 | 5326 @end table |
5327 | |
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5328 @defun create-glyph string |
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5329 This function returns a newly-allocated glyph code which is set up to |
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5330 display by sending @var{string} to the terminal. |
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5331 @end defun |
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5332 |
6598 | 5333 @node Beeping |
5334 @section Beeping | |
5335 @cindex beeping | |
5336 @cindex bell | |
5337 | |
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5338 This section describes how to make Emacs ring the bell (or blink the |
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5339 screen) to attract the user's attention. Be conservative about how |
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5340 often you do this; frequent bells can become irritating. Also be |
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5341 careful not to use just beeping when signaling an error is more |
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5342 appropriate. (@xref{Errors}.) |
6598 | 5343 |
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5344 @defun ding &optional do-not-terminate |
6598 | 5345 @cindex keyboard macro termination |
5346 This function beeps, or flashes the screen (see @code{visible-bell} below). | |
5347 It also terminates any keyboard macro currently executing unless | |
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5348 @var{do-not-terminate} is non-@code{nil}. |
6598 | 5349 @end defun |
5350 | |
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5351 @defun beep &optional do-not-terminate |
6598 | 5352 This is a synonym for @code{ding}. |
5353 @end defun | |
5354 | |
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5355 @defopt visible-bell |
6598 | 5356 This variable determines whether Emacs should flash the screen to |
5357 represent a bell. Non-@code{nil} means yes, @code{nil} means no. This | |
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5358 is effective on graphical displays, and on text-only terminals |
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5359 provided the terminal's Termcap entry defines the visible bell |
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5360 capability (@samp{vb}). |
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5361 @end defopt |
6598 | 5362 |
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5363 @defvar ring-bell-function |
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5364 If this is non-@code{nil}, it specifies how Emacs should ``ring the |
25875 | 5365 bell.'' Its value should be a function of no arguments. If this is |
5366 non-@code{nil}, it takes precedence over the @code{visible-bell} | |
5367 variable. | |
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5368 @end defvar |
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5369 |
6598 | 5370 @node Window Systems |
5371 @section Window Systems | |
5372 | |
5373 Emacs works with several window systems, most notably the X Window | |
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5374 System. Both Emacs and X use the term ``window,'' but use it |
6598 | 5375 differently. An Emacs frame is a single window as far as X is |
5376 concerned; the individual Emacs windows are not known to X at all. | |
5377 | |
5378 @defvar window-system | |
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5379 This variable tells Lisp programs what window system Emacs is running |
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5380 under. The possible values are |
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5381 |
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5382 @table @code |
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5383 @item x |
6598 | 5384 @cindex X Window System |
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5385 Emacs is displaying using X. |
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5386 @item pc |
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5387 Emacs is displaying using MS-DOS. |
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5388 @item w32 |
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5389 Emacs is displaying using Windows. |
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5390 @item mac |
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5391 Emacs is displaying using a Macintosh. |
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5392 @item nil |
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5393 Emacs is using a character-based terminal. |
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5394 @end table |
6598 | 5395 @end defvar |
5396 | |
5397 @defvar window-setup-hook | |
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5398 This variable is a normal hook which Emacs runs after handling the |
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5399 initialization files. Emacs runs this hook after it has completed |
25875 | 5400 loading your init file, the default initialization file (if |
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5401 any), and the terminal-specific Lisp code, and running the hook |
6598 | 5402 @code{term-setup-hook}. |
5403 | |
5404 This hook is used for internal purposes: setting up communication with | |
5405 the window system, and creating the initial window. Users should not | |
5406 interfere with it. | |
5407 @end defvar | |
52401 | 5408 |
5409 @ignore | |
5410 arch-tag: ffdf5714-7ecf-415b-9023-fbc6b409c2c6 | |
5411 @end ignore |