Mercurial > emacs
annotate lisp/help.el @ 8863:b5a4f7db03c7
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author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Sat, 17 Sep 1994 19:49:03 +0000 |
parents | dff46e860b51 |
children | 245187067d35 |
rev | line source |
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1 ;;; help.el --- help commands for Emacs |
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2 |
7298 | 3 ;; Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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4 |
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5 ;; Maintainer: FSF |
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6 ;; Keywords: help, internal |
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7 |
409 | 8 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs. |
9 | |
10 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify | |
11 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
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12 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) |
409 | 13 ;; any later version. |
14 | |
15 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
16 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
17 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
18 ;; GNU General Public License for more details. | |
19 | |
20 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
21 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to | |
22 ;; the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. | |
23 | |
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24 ;;; Commentary: |
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25 |
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26 ;; This code implements GNU Emac's on-line help system, the one invoked by |
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27 ;;`M-x help-for-help'. |
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28 |
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29 ;;; Code: |
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30 |
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31 ;; Get the macro make-help-screen when this is compiled, |
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32 ;; or run interpreted, but not when the compiled code is loaded. |
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33 (eval-when-compile (require 'help-macro)) |
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34 |
409 | 35 (defvar help-map (make-sparse-keymap) |
36 "Keymap for characters following the Help key.") | |
37 | |
919 | 38 (define-key global-map (char-to-string help-char) 'help-command) |
409 | 39 (fset 'help-command help-map) |
40 | |
919 | 41 (define-key help-map (char-to-string help-char) 'help-for-help) |
409 | 42 (define-key help-map "?" 'help-for-help) |
43 | |
44 (define-key help-map "\C-c" 'describe-copying) | |
45 (define-key help-map "\C-d" 'describe-distribution) | |
46 (define-key help-map "\C-w" 'describe-no-warranty) | |
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47 (define-key help-map "\C-p" 'describe-project) |
409 | 48 (define-key help-map "a" 'command-apropos) |
49 | |
50 (define-key help-map "b" 'describe-bindings) | |
51 | |
52 (define-key help-map "c" 'describe-key-briefly) | |
53 (define-key help-map "k" 'describe-key) | |
54 | |
55 (define-key help-map "d" 'describe-function) | |
56 (define-key help-map "f" 'describe-function) | |
57 | |
58 (define-key help-map "i" 'info) | |
732 | 59 (define-key help-map "\C-f" 'Info-goto-emacs-command-node) |
60 (define-key help-map "\C-k" 'Info-goto-emacs-key-command-node) | |
409 | 61 |
62 (define-key help-map "l" 'view-lossage) | |
63 | |
64 (define-key help-map "m" 'describe-mode) | |
65 | |
66 (define-key help-map "\C-n" 'view-emacs-news) | |
67 (define-key help-map "n" 'view-emacs-news) | |
68 | |
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69 (define-key help-map "p" 'finder-by-keyword) |
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70 (autoload 'finder-by-keyword "finder" |
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71 "Find packages matching a given keyword." t) |
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72 |
409 | 73 (define-key help-map "s" 'describe-syntax) |
74 | |
75 (define-key help-map "t" 'help-with-tutorial) | |
76 | |
77 (define-key help-map "w" 'where-is) | |
78 | |
79 (define-key help-map "v" 'describe-variable) | |
80 | |
6580 | 81 (define-key help-map "q" 'help-quit) |
82 | |
83 (defun help-quit () | |
84 (interactive) | |
85 nil) | |
86 | |
409 | 87 (defun help-with-tutorial () |
88 "Select the Emacs learn-by-doing tutorial." | |
89 (interactive) | |
90 (let ((file (expand-file-name "~/TUTORIAL"))) | |
91 (delete-other-windows) | |
92 (if (get-file-buffer file) | |
93 (switch-to-buffer (get-file-buffer file)) | |
94 (switch-to-buffer (create-file-buffer file)) | |
95 (setq buffer-file-name file) | |
96 (setq default-directory (expand-file-name "~/")) | |
755 | 97 (setq buffer-auto-save-file-name nil) |
444 | 98 (insert-file-contents (expand-file-name "TUTORIAL" data-directory)) |
409 | 99 (goto-char (point-min)) |
100 (search-forward "\n<<") | |
101 (beginning-of-line) | |
102 (delete-region (point) (progn (end-of-line) (point))) | |
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103 (let ((n (- (window-height (selected-window)) |
409 | 104 (count-lines (point-min) (point)) |
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105 6))) |
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106 (if (< n 12) |
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107 (newline n) |
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108 ;; Some people get confused by the large gap. |
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109 (newline (/ n 2)) |
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110 (insert "[Middle of page left blank for didactic purposes. " |
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111 "Text continues below]") |
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112 (newline (- n (/ n 2))))) |
409 | 113 (goto-char (point-min)) |
114 (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))) | |
115 | |
116 (defun describe-key-briefly (key) | |
117 "Print the name of the function KEY invokes. KEY is a string." | |
118 (interactive "kDescribe key briefly: ") | |
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119 ;; If this key seq ends with a down event, discard the |
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120 ;; following click or drag event. Otherwise that would |
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121 ;; erase the message. |
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122 (let ((type (aref key (1- (length key))))) |
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123 (if (listp type) (setq type (car type))) |
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124 (and (symbolp type) |
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125 (memq 'down (event-modifiers type)) |
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126 (read-event))) |
409 | 127 (let ((defn (key-binding key))) |
128 (if (or (null defn) (integerp defn)) | |
129 (message "%s is undefined" (key-description key)) | |
130 (message "%s runs the command %s" | |
131 (key-description key) | |
132 (if (symbolp defn) defn (prin1-to-string defn)))))) | |
133 | |
134 (defun print-help-return-message (&optional function) | |
135 "Display or return message saying how to restore windows after help command. | |
136 Computes a message and applies the optional argument FUNCTION to it. | |
137 If FUNCTION is nil, applies `message' to it, thus printing it." | |
138 (and (not (get-buffer-window standard-output)) | |
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139 (let ((first-message |
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140 (cond ((or (member (buffer-name standard-output) |
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141 special-display-buffer-names) |
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142 (let (found |
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143 (tail special-display-regexps) |
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144 (name (buffer-name standard-output))) |
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145 (while (and tail (not found)) |
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146 (if (string-match (car tail) name) |
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147 (setq found t)) |
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148 (setq tail (cdr tail))) |
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149 found)) |
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150 ;; If the help output buffer is a special display buffer, |
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151 ;; don't say anything about how to get rid of it. |
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152 ;; First of all, the user will do that with the window |
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153 ;; manager, not with Emacs. |
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154 ;; Secondly, the buffer has not been displayed yet, |
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155 ;; so we don't know whether its frame will be selected. |
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156 ;; Even the message about scrolling the help |
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157 ;; might be wrong, but it seems worth showing it anyway. |
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158 nil) |
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159 ((not (one-window-p t)) |
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160 "Type \\[switch-to-buffer-other-window] RET to restore the other window.") |
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161 (pop-up-windows |
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162 "Type \\[delete-other-windows] to remove help window.") |
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163 (t |
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164 "Type \\[switch-to-buffer] RET to remove help window.")))) |
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165 (funcall (or function 'message) |
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166 (concat |
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167 (if first-message |
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168 (substitute-command-keys first-message) |
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169 "") |
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170 (if first-message " " "") |
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171 (substitute-command-keys |
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172 "\\[scroll-other-window] to scroll the help.")))))) |
409 | 173 |
174 (defun describe-key (key) | |
175 "Display documentation of the function invoked by KEY. KEY is a string." | |
176 (interactive "kDescribe key: ") | |
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177 ;; If this key seq ends with a down event, discard the |
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178 ;; following click or drag event. Otherwise that would |
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179 ;; erase the message. |
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180 (let ((type (aref key (1- (length key))))) |
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181 (if (listp type) (setq type (car type))) |
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182 (and (symbolp type) |
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183 (memq 'down (event-modifiers type)) |
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184 (read-event))) |
409 | 185 (let ((defn (key-binding key))) |
186 (if (or (null defn) (integerp defn)) | |
187 (message "%s is undefined" (key-description key)) | |
188 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*" | |
189 (prin1 defn) | |
190 (princ ":\n") | |
191 (if (documentation defn) | |
192 (princ (documentation defn)) | |
193 (princ "not documented")) | |
194 (print-help-return-message))))) | |
195 | |
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196 (defun describe-mode () |
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197 "Display documentation of current major mode and minor modes. |
409 | 198 For this to work correctly for a minor mode, the mode's indicator variable |
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199 \(listed in `minor-mode-alist') must also be a function whose documentation |
409 | 200 describes the minor mode." |
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201 (interactive) |
409 | 202 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*" |
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203 (let ((minor-modes minor-mode-alist) |
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204 (locals (buffer-local-variables))) |
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205 (while minor-modes |
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206 (let* ((minor-mode (car (car minor-modes))) |
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207 (indicator (car (cdr (car minor-modes)))) |
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208 (local-binding (assq minor-mode locals))) |
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209 ;; Document a minor mode if it is listed in minor-mode-alist, |
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210 ;; bound locally in this buffer, non-nil, and has a function |
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211 ;; definition. |
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212 (if (and local-binding |
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213 (cdr local-binding) |
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214 (fboundp minor-mode)) |
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215 (let ((pretty-minor-mode minor-mode)) |
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216 (if (string-match "-mode$" (symbol-name minor-mode)) |
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217 (setq pretty-minor-mode |
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218 (capitalize |
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219 (substring (symbol-name minor-mode) |
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220 0 (match-beginning 0))))) |
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221 (while (and indicator (symbolp indicator)) |
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222 (setq indicator (symbol-value indicator))) |
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223 (princ (format "%s minor mode (indicator%s):\n" |
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224 pretty-minor-mode indicator)) |
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225 (princ (documentation minor-mode)) |
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226 (princ "\n\n")))) |
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227 (setq minor-modes (cdr minor-modes)))) |
409 | 228 (princ mode-name) |
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229 (princ " mode:\n") |
409 | 230 (princ (documentation major-mode)) |
231 (print-help-return-message))) | |
232 | |
233 ;; So keyboard macro definitions are documented correctly | |
234 (fset 'defining-kbd-macro (symbol-function 'start-kbd-macro)) | |
235 | |
236 (defun describe-distribution () | |
237 "Display info on how to obtain the latest version of GNU Emacs." | |
238 (interactive) | |
239 (find-file-read-only | |
444 | 240 (expand-file-name "DISTRIB" data-directory))) |
409 | 241 |
242 (defun describe-copying () | |
243 "Display info on how you may redistribute copies of GNU Emacs." | |
244 (interactive) | |
245 (find-file-read-only | |
444 | 246 (expand-file-name "COPYING" data-directory)) |
409 | 247 (goto-char (point-min))) |
248 | |
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249 (defun describe-project () |
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250 "Display info on the GNU project." |
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251 (interactive) |
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252 (find-file-read-only |
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253 (expand-file-name "GNU" data-directory)) |
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254 (goto-char (point-min))) |
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255 |
409 | 256 (defun describe-no-warranty () |
257 "Display info on all the kinds of warranty Emacs does NOT have." | |
258 (interactive) | |
259 (describe-copying) | |
260 (let (case-fold-search) | |
261 (search-forward "NO WARRANTY") | |
262 (recenter 0))) | |
263 | |
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264 (defun describe-prefix-bindings () |
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265 "Describe the bindings of the prefix used to reach this command. |
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266 The prefix described consists of all but the last event |
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267 of the key sequence that ran this command." |
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268 (interactive) |
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269 (let* ((key (this-command-keys)) |
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270 (prefix (make-vector (1- (length key)) nil)) |
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271 i) |
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272 (setq i 0) |
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273 (while (< i (length prefix)) |
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274 (aset prefix i (aref key i)) |
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275 (setq i (1+ i))) |
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276 (describe-bindings prefix))) |
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277 ;; Make C-h after a prefix, when not specifically bound, |
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278 ;; run describe-prefix-bindings. |
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279 (setq prefix-help-command 'describe-prefix-bindings) |
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280 |
409 | 281 (defun view-emacs-news () |
282 "Display info on recent changes to Emacs." | |
283 (interactive) | |
444 | 284 (find-file-read-only (expand-file-name "NEWS" data-directory))) |
409 | 285 |
286 (defun view-lossage () | |
287 "Display last 100 input keystrokes." | |
288 (interactive) | |
289 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*" | |
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290 (princ (mapconcat (function (lambda (key) |
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291 (if (or (integerp key) |
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292 (symbolp key) |
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293 (listp key)) |
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294 (single-key-description key) |
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295 (prin1-to-string key nil)))) |
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296 (recent-keys) |
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297 " ")) |
409 | 298 (save-excursion |
299 (set-buffer standard-output) | |
300 (goto-char (point-min)) | |
301 (while (progn (move-to-column 50) (not (eobp))) | |
302 (search-forward " " nil t) | |
303 (insert "\n"))) | |
304 (print-help-return-message))) | |
305 | |
6580 | 306 (defalias 'help 'help-for-help) |
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307 (make-help-screen help-for-help |
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308 "a b c f C-f i k C-k l m n p s t v w C-c C-d C-n C-w, or ? for more help:" |
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309 "You have typed \\[help-command], the help character. Type a Help option: |
6580 | 310 \(Use \\<help-map>\\[scroll-up] or \\[scroll-down] to scroll through this text. |
311 Type \\<help-map>\\[help-quit] to exit the Help command.) | |
409 | 312 |
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313 a command-apropos. Give a substring, and see a list of commands |
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314 (functions interactively callable) that contain |
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315 that substring. See also the apropos command. |
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316 b describe-bindings. Display table of all key bindings. |
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317 c describe-key-briefly. Type a command key sequence; |
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318 it prints the function name that sequence runs. |
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319 f describe-function. Type a function name and get documentation of it. |
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320 C-f Info-goto-emacs-command-node. Type a function name; |
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321 it takes you to the Info node for that command. |
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322 i info. The info documentation reader. |
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323 k describe-key. Type a command key sequence; |
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324 it displays the full documentation. |
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325 C-k Info-goto-emacs-key-command-node. Type a command key sequence; |
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326 it takes you to the Info node for the command bound to that key. |
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327 l view-lossage. Shows last 100 characters you typed. |
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328 m describe-mode. Print documentation of current major mode, |
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329 which describes the commands peculiar to it. |
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330 n view-emacs-news. Shows emacs news file. |
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331 p finder-by-keyword. Find packages matching a given topic keyword. |
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332 s describe-syntax. Display contents of syntax table, plus explanations |
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333 t help-with-tutorial. Select the Emacs learn-by-doing tutorial. |
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334 v describe-variable. Type name of a variable; |
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335 it displays the variable's documentation and value. |
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336 w where-is. Type command name; it prints which keystrokes |
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337 invoke that command. |
409 | 338 C-c print Emacs copying permission (General Public License). |
339 C-d print Emacs ordering information. | |
340 C-n print news of recent Emacs changes. | |
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341 C-p print information about the GNU project. |
409 | 342 C-w print information on absence of warranty for GNU Emacs." |
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343 help-map) |
409 | 344 |
345 ;; Return a function which is called by the list containing point. | |
346 ;; If that gives no function, return a function whose name is around point. | |
347 ;; If that doesn't give a function, return nil. | |
348 (defun function-called-at-point () | |
349 (or (condition-case () | |
350 (save-excursion | |
351 (save-restriction | |
352 (narrow-to-region (max (point-min) (- (point) 1000)) (point-max)) | |
353 (backward-up-list 1) | |
354 (forward-char 1) | |
355 (let (obj) | |
356 (setq obj (read (current-buffer))) | |
357 (and (symbolp obj) (fboundp obj) obj)))) | |
358 (error nil)) | |
359 (condition-case () | |
360 (save-excursion | |
361 (forward-sexp -1) | |
362 (skip-chars-forward "'") | |
363 (let ((obj (read (current-buffer)))) | |
364 (and (symbolp obj) (fboundp obj) obj))) | |
365 (error nil)))) | |
366 | |
367 (defun describe-function (function) | |
368 "Display the full documentation of FUNCTION (a symbol)." | |
369 (interactive | |
370 (let ((fn (function-called-at-point)) | |
371 (enable-recursive-minibuffers t) | |
372 val) | |
373 (setq val (completing-read (if fn | |
374 (format "Describe function (default %s): " fn) | |
375 "Describe function: ") | |
376 obarray 'fboundp t)) | |
377 (list (if (equal val "") | |
378 fn (intern val))))) | |
379 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*" | |
380 (prin1 function) | |
381 (princ ": ") | |
382 (let* ((def (symbol-function function)) | |
383 (beg (if (commandp def) "an interactive " "a "))) | |
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384 (princ (cond ((or (stringp def) |
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385 (vectorp def)) |
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386 "a keyboard macro.") |
409 | 387 ((subrp def) |
388 (concat beg "built-in function.")) | |
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389 ((byte-code-function-p def) |
409 | 390 (concat beg "compiled Lisp function.")) |
391 ((symbolp def) | |
392 (format "alias for `%s'." def)) | |
393 ((eq (car-safe def) 'lambda) | |
394 (concat beg "Lisp function.")) | |
395 ((eq (car-safe def) 'macro) | |
396 "a Lisp macro.") | |
397 ((eq (car-safe def) 'mocklisp) | |
398 "a mocklisp function.") | |
399 ((eq (car-safe def) 'autoload) | |
1467
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400 (format "%s autoloaded Lisp %s." |
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401 (if (commandp def) "an interactive" "an") |
409 | 402 (if (nth 4 def) "macro" "function") |
878
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403 ;;; Including the file name made this line too long. |
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404 ;;; (nth 1 def) |
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405 )) |
409 | 406 (t ""))) |
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407 (terpri) |
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408 (let ((arglist (cond ((byte-code-function-p def) |
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409 (car (append def nil))) |
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410 ((eq (car-safe def) 'lambda) |
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411 (nth 1 def)) |
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412 (t t)))) |
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413 (if (listp arglist) |
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414 (progn |
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415 (princ (cons function |
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416 (mapcar (lambda (arg) |
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417 (if (memq arg '(&optional &rest)) |
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418 arg |
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419 (intern (upcase (symbol-name arg))))) |
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420 arglist))) |
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421 (terpri)))) |
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422 (if (documentation function) |
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423 (progn (terpri) |
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424 (princ (documentation function))) |
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425 (princ "not documented")) |
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426 ) |
409 | 427 (print-help-return-message) |
428 ;; Return the text we displayed. | |
429 (save-excursion (set-buffer standard-output) (buffer-string)))) | |
430 | |
431 (defun variable-at-point () | |
432 (condition-case () | |
433 (save-excursion | |
434 (forward-sexp -1) | |
435 (skip-chars-forward "'") | |
436 (let ((obj (read (current-buffer)))) | |
437 (and (symbolp obj) (boundp obj) obj))) | |
438 (error nil))) | |
439 | |
440 (defun describe-variable (variable) | |
441 "Display the full documentation of VARIABLE (a symbol). | |
442 Returns the documentation as a string, also." | |
443 (interactive | |
444 (let ((v (variable-at-point)) | |
445 (enable-recursive-minibuffers t) | |
446 val) | |
447 (setq val (completing-read (if v | |
448 (format "Describe variable (default %s): " v) | |
449 "Describe variable: ") | |
450 obarray 'boundp t)) | |
451 (list (if (equal val "") | |
452 v (intern val))))) | |
453 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*" | |
454 (prin1 variable) | |
455 (princ "'s value is ") | |
456 (if (not (boundp variable)) | |
457 (princ "void.") | |
458 (prin1 (symbol-value variable))) | |
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459 (terpri) |
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460 (let ((locals (buffer-local-variables)) |
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461 is-local) |
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462 (while locals |
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463 (if (or (eq variable (car locals)) |
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464 (eq variable (car-safe (car locals)))) |
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465 (setq is-local t locals nil)) |
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466 (setq locals (cdr locals))) |
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467 (if is-local |
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468 (princ (format "Local in buffer %s\n" (buffer-name))))) |
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469 (terpri) |
409 | 470 (princ "Documentation:") |
471 (terpri) | |
472 (let ((doc (documentation-property variable 'variable-documentation))) | |
473 (if doc | |
474 (princ (substitute-command-keys doc)) | |
475 (princ "not documented as a variable."))) | |
476 (print-help-return-message) | |
477 ;; Return the text we displayed. | |
478 (save-excursion (set-buffer standard-output) (buffer-string)))) | |
479 | |
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480 (defun where-is (definition) |
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481 "Print message listing key sequences that invoke specified command. |
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482 Argument is a command definition, usually a symbol with a function definition." |
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483 (interactive |
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484 (let ((fn (function-called-at-point)) |
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485 (enable-recursive-minibuffers t) |
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486 val) |
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487 (setq val (completing-read (if fn |
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488 (format "Where is command (default %s): " fn) |
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489 "Where is command: ") |
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490 obarray 'fboundp t)) |
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491 (list (if (equal val "") |
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492 fn (intern val))))) |
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493 (let* ((keys (where-is-internal definition overriding-local-map nil nil)) |
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494 (keys1 (mapconcat 'key-description keys ", "))) |
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495 (if (> (length keys1) 0) |
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496 (message "%s is on %s" definition keys1) |
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497 (message "%s is not on any key" definition))) |
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498 nil) |
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499 |
409 | 500 (defun command-apropos (string) |
501 "Like apropos but lists only symbols that are names of commands | |
502 \(interactively callable functions). Argument REGEXP is a regular expression | |
503 that is matched against command symbol names. Returns list of symbols and | |
504 documentation found." | |
505 (interactive "sCommand apropos (regexp): ") | |
506 (let ((message | |
507 (let ((standard-output (get-buffer-create "*Help*"))) | |
508 (print-help-return-message 'identity)))) | |
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509 (if (apropos string t 'commandp) |
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510 (and message (message message))))) |
409 | 511 |
512 (defun locate-library (library &optional nosuffix) | |
513 "Show the full path name of Emacs library LIBRARY. | |
514 This command searches the directories in `load-path' like `M-x load-library' | |
515 to find the file that `M-x load-library RET LIBRARY RET' would load. | |
516 Optional second arg NOSUFFIX non-nil means don't add suffixes `.elc' or `.el' | |
517 to the specified name LIBRARY (a la calling `load' instead of `load-library')." | |
518 (interactive "sLocate library: ") | |
519 (catch 'answer | |
520 (mapcar | |
521 '(lambda (dir) | |
522 (mapcar | |
523 '(lambda (suf) | |
524 (let ((try (expand-file-name (concat library suf) dir))) | |
525 (and (file-readable-p try) | |
526 (null (file-directory-p try)) | |
527 (progn | |
528 (message "Library is file %s" try) | |
529 (throw 'answer try))))) | |
530 (if nosuffix '("") '(".elc" ".el" "")))) | |
531 load-path) | |
532 (message "No library %s in search path" library) | |
533 nil)) | |
660
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diff
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534 |
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535 ;;; help.el ends here |