Mercurial > emacs
annotate etc/fr-refcard.tex @ 77669:b88cd7b0ba66
(compilation-handle-exit):
Use run-hook-with-args to run compilation-finish-functions.
author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Thu, 10 May 2007 16:10:27 +0000 |
parents | ab2f36c40133 |
children | 4bda68a992f9 4ef881a120fe |
rev | line source |
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1 % Reference Card for GNU Emacs version 22 on Unix systems |
34923 | 2 %**start of header |
3 \newcount\columnsperpage | |
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4 \newcount\letterpaper |
34923 | 5 |
6 % This file can be printed with 1, 2, or 3 columns per page (see below). | |
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7 % Specify how many you want here. |
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8 |
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9 \columnsperpage=3 |
34923 | 10 |
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11 % Set letterpaper to 0 for A4 paper, 1 for letter (US) paper. Useful |
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12 % only when columnsperpage is 2 or 3. |
34923 | 13 |
76679 | 14 \letterpaper=0 |
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15 |
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16 % Nothing else needs to be changed below this line. |
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17 % Copyright (C) 1987, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, |
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18 % 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
34923 | 19 |
20 % This file is part of GNU Emacs. | |
21 | |
22 % GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify | |
23 % it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
24 % the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) | |
25 % any later version. | |
26 | |
27 % GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
28 % but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
29 % MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
30 % GNU General Public License for more details. | |
31 | |
32 % You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
33 % along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to | |
64091 | 34 % the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, |
35 % Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. | |
34923 | 36 |
37 % This file is intended to be processed by plain TeX (TeX82). | |
38 % | |
39 % The final reference card has six columns, three on each side. | |
40 % This file can be used to produce it in any of three ways: | |
41 % 1 column per page | |
42 % produces six separate pages, each of which needs to be reduced to 80%. | |
43 % This gives the best resolution. | |
44 % 2 columns per page | |
45 % produces three already-reduced pages. | |
46 % You will still need to cut and paste. | |
47 % 3 columns per page | |
48 % produces two pages which must be printed sideways to make a | |
49 % ready-to-use 8.5 x 11 inch reference card. | |
50 % For this you need a dvi device driver that can print sideways. | |
51 % Which mode to use is controlled by setting \columnsperpage above. | |
52 % | |
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53 % To compile and print this document: |
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54 % tex fr-refcard.tex |
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55 % dvips -t landscape fr-refcard.dvi |
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56 % |
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57 |
34923 | 58 % Author: |
59 % Stephen Gildea | |
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60 % Internet: gildea@stop.mail-abuse.org |
34923 | 61 % |
62 % Thanks to Paul Rubin, Bob Chassell, Len Tower, and Richard Mlynarik | |
63 % for their many good ideas. | |
64 | |
65 % If there were room, it would be nice to see a section on Dired. | |
66 | |
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67 \def\versionnumber{2.3} |
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68 \def\versionemacs{22} |
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69 \def\versionyear{2006} % latest update |
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70 \def\year{2007} % latest copyright year |
34923 | 71 |
72 \def\shortcopyrightnotice{\vskip 1ex plus 2 fill | |
73 \centerline{\small \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
74 Permissions au dos. v\versionnumber}} | |
75 | |
76 \def\copyrightnotice{ | |
77 \vskip 1ex plus 2 fill\begingroup\small | |
78 \centerline{Copyright \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.} | |
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79 \centerline{v\versionnumber{} pour GNU Emacs version \versionemacs, |
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80 \versionyear} |
34923 | 81 \centerline{conception de Stephen Gildea} |
58866 | 82 \centerline{traduction fran\c{c}aise d'\'Eric Jacoboni} |
34923 | 83 |
84 Vous pouvez faire et distribuer des copies de cette carte, pourvu que | |
85 la note de copyright et cette note de permission soient conserv\'ees sur | |
86 toutes les copies. | |
87 | |
58866 | 88 Pour les copies du manuel GNU Emacs, \'ecrivez \`a la Free Software |
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89 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. |
34923 | 90 |
91 \endgroup} | |
92 | |
93 % make \bye not \outer so that the \def\bye in the \else clause below | |
94 % can be scanned without complaint. | |
95 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject\end} | |
96 | |
97 \newdimen\intercolumnskip %horizontal space between columns | |
98 \newbox\columna %boxes to hold columns already built | |
99 \newbox\columnb | |
100 | |
101 \def\ncolumns{\the\columnsperpage} | |
102 | |
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103 \message{[\ncolumns\space |
34923 | 104 column\if 1\ncolumns\else s\fi\space per page]} |
105 | |
106 \def\scaledmag#1{ scaled \magstep #1} | |
107 | |
108 % This multi-way format was designed by Stephen Gildea October 1986. | |
109 % Note that the 1-column format is fontfamily-independent. | |
110 \if 1\ncolumns %one-column format uses normal size | |
111 \hsize 4in | |
112 \vsize 10in | |
113 \voffset -.7in | |
114 \font\titlefont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag3 | |
115 \font\headingfont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag2 | |
116 \font\smallfont=\fontname\sevenrm | |
117 \font\smallsy=\fontname\sevensy | |
118 | |
119 \footline{\hss\folio} | |
120 \def\makefootline{\baselineskip10pt\hsize6.5in\line{\the\footline}} | |
121 \else %2 or 3 columns uses prereduced size | |
122 \hsize 3.2in | |
123 \vsize 7.95in | |
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124 \if 1\the\letterpaper |
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125 \vsize 7.95in |
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126 \else |
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127 \vsize 7.65in |
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128 \fi |
34923 | 129 \hoffset -.75in |
130 \voffset -.745in | |
131 \font\titlefont=cmbx10 \scaledmag2 | |
132 \font\headingfont=cmbx10 \scaledmag1 | |
133 \font\smallfont=cmr6 | |
134 \font\smallsy=cmsy6 | |
135 \font\eightrm=cmr8 | |
136 \font\eightbf=cmbx8 | |
137 \font\eightit=cmti8 | |
138 \font\eighttt=cmtt8 | |
139 \font\eightmi=cmmi8 | |
140 \font\eightsy=cmsy8 | |
141 \textfont0=\eightrm | |
142 \textfont1=\eightmi | |
143 \textfont2=\eightsy | |
144 \def\rm{\eightrm} | |
145 \def\bf{\eightbf} | |
146 \def\it{\eightit} | |
147 \def\tt{\eighttt} | |
148 \normalbaselineskip=.8\normalbaselineskip | |
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149 \if 1\the\letterpaper |
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150 \normalbaselineskip=.8\normalbaselineskip |
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151 \else |
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152 \normalbaselineskip=.7\normalbaselineskip |
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153 \fi |
34923 | 154 \normallineskip=.8\normallineskip |
155 \normallineskiplimit=.8\normallineskiplimit | |
156 \normalbaselines\rm %make definitions take effect | |
157 | |
158 \if 2\ncolumns | |
159 \let\maxcolumn=b | |
160 \footline{\hss\rm\folio\hss} | |
161 \def\makefootline{\vskip 2in \hsize=6.86in\line{\the\footline}} | |
162 \else \if 3\ncolumns | |
163 \let\maxcolumn=c | |
164 \nopagenumbers | |
165 \else | |
166 \errhelp{You must set \columnsperpage equal to 1, 2, or 3.} | |
167 \errmessage{Illegal number of columns per page} | |
168 \fi\fi | |
169 | |
170 \intercolumnskip=.46in | |
171 \def\abc{a} | |
172 \output={% %see The TeXbook page 257 | |
173 % This next line is useful when designing the layout. | |
174 %\immediate\write16{Column \folio\abc\space starts with \firstmark} | |
175 \if \maxcolumn\abc \multicolumnformat \global\def\abc{a} | |
176 \else\if a\abc | |
177 \global\setbox\columna\columnbox \global\def\abc{b} | |
178 %% in case we never use \columnb (two-column mode) | |
179 \global\setbox\columnb\hbox to -\intercolumnskip{} | |
180 \else | |
181 \global\setbox\columnb\columnbox \global\def\abc{c}\fi\fi} | |
182 \def\multicolumnformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline | |
183 \hbox{\box\columna\hskip\intercolumnskip | |
184 \box\columnb\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox} | |
185 \makefootline}\advancepageno} | |
186 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}} | |
187 | |
188 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject | |
189 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi | |
190 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi | |
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191 \end} |
34923 | 192 \fi |
193 | |
194 % we won't be using math mode much, so redefine some of the characters | |
195 % we might want to talk about | |
196 \catcode`\^=12 | |
197 \catcode`\_=12 | |
198 | |
199 \chardef\\=`\\ | |
200 \chardef\{=`\{ | |
201 \chardef\}=`\} | |
202 | |
203 \hyphenation{mini-buf-fer} | |
204 | |
205 \parindent 0pt | |
206 \parskip 1ex plus .5ex minus .5ex | |
207 | |
208 \def\small{\smallfont\textfont2=\smallsy\baselineskip=.8\baselineskip} | |
209 | |
210 % newcolumn - force a new column. Use sparingly, probably only for | |
211 % the first column of a page, which should have a title anyway. | |
212 \outer\def\newcolumn{\vfill\eject} | |
213 | |
214 % title - page title. Argument is title text. | |
215 \outer\def\title#1{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus .5ex} | |
216 | |
217 % section - new major section. Argument is section name. | |
218 \outer\def\section#1{\par\filbreak | |
76679 | 219 \vskip 2ex plus 2ex minus 2ex {\headingfont #1}\mark{#1}% |
220 \vskip 1ex plus 1ex minus 1.5ex} | |
34923 | 221 |
222 \newdimen\keyindent | |
223 | |
224 % beginindentedkeys...endindentedkeys - key definitions will be | |
225 % indented, but running text, typically used as headings to group | |
226 % definitions, will not. | |
227 \def\beginindentedkeys{\keyindent=1em} | |
228 \def\endindentedkeys{\keyindent=0em} | |
229 \endindentedkeys | |
230 | |
231 % paralign - begin paragraph containing an alignment. | |
232 % If an \halign is entered while in vertical mode, a parskip is never | |
233 % inserted. Using \paralign instead of \halign solves this problem. | |
234 \def\paralign{\vskip\parskip\halign} | |
235 | |
236 % \<...> - surrounds a variable name in a code example | |
237 \def\<#1>{{\it #1\/}} | |
238 | |
239 % kbd - argument is characters typed literally. Like the Texinfo command. | |
240 \def\kbd#1{{\tt#1}\null} %\null so not an abbrev even if period follows | |
241 | |
242 % beginexample...endexample - surrounds literal text, such a code example. | |
243 % typeset in a typewriter font with line breaks preserved | |
244 \def\beginexample{\par\leavevmode\begingroup | |
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245 \obeylines\obeyspaces\parskip0pt\tt\tolerance=10000} |
34923 | 246 {\obeyspaces\global\let =\ } |
247 \def\endexample{\endgroup} | |
248 | |
249 % key - definition of a key. | |
250 % \key{description of key}{key-name} | |
251 % prints the description left-justified, and the key-name in a \kbd | |
252 % form near the right margin. | |
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253 \def\key#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\vbox |
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254 {\hsize=.75\hsize\rightskip=1em \tolerance=20000 |
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255 \raggedright |
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256 \hskip\keyindent\hangindent=1em\strut#1\strut}\kbd{\quad#2}\hss}} |
34923 | 257 |
258 \newbox\metaxbox | |
259 \setbox\metaxbox\hbox{\kbd{M-x }} | |
260 \newdimen\metaxwidth | |
261 \metaxwidth=\wd\metaxbox | |
262 | |
263 % metax - definition of a M-x command. | |
264 % \metax{description of command}{M-x command-name} | |
265 % Tries to justify the beginning of the command name at the same place | |
266 % as \key starts the key name. (The "M-x " sticks out to the left.) | |
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267 % Note: was \hsize=.74, but changed to avoid overflow in some places. |
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268 \def\metax#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\vbox |
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269 {\hsize=.66\hsize\rightskip=1em |
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270 \raggedright \tolerance=20000 |
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271 \hskip\keyindent\hangindent=1em\strut#1\strut\par}% |
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272 %\hskip-\metaxwidth minus 1fil |
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273 \kbd{#2}\hss}} |
34923 | 274 |
275 % threecol - like "key" but with two key names. | |
276 % for example, one for doing the action backward, and one for forward. | |
277 \def\threecol#1#2#3{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\hfil\quad | |
278 &\kbd{#3}\hfil\quad\cr} | |
279 | |
280 %**end of header | |
281 | |
282 | |
283 \title{Carte de r\'ef\'erence de GNU Emacs} | |
284 | |
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285 \centerline{(pour la version \versionemacs)} |
34923 | 286 |
287 \section{Lancement d'Emacs} | |
288 | |
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289 Pour lancer GNU Emacs \versionemacs, il suffit de taper son nom : \kbd{emacs} |
34923 | 290 |
58866 | 291 Pour charger un fichier \`a \'editer, voir Fichiers, ci-dessous. |
34923 | 292 |
293 \section{Quitter Emacs} | |
294 | |
295 \key{suspend Emacs (ou l'iconifie sous X)}{C-z} | |
296 \key{quitter d\'efinitivement Emacs}{C-x C-c} | |
297 | |
298 \section{Fichiers} | |
299 | |
300 \key{{\bf lire} un fichier dans Emacs}{C-x C-f} | |
301 \key{{\bf sauvegarder} un fichier sur disque}{C-x C-s} | |
302 \key{sauvegarder {\bf tous} les fichiers}{C-x s} | |
303 \key{{\bf ins\'erer} le contenu d'un autre fichier dans ce tampon}{C-x i} | |
304 \key{remplacer ce fichier par le fichier voulu}{C-x C-v} | |
305 \key{\'ecrire le tampon dans un fichier donn\'e}{C-x C-w} | |
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306 \key{bascule du mode lecture-seule du tampon}{C-x C-q} |
34923 | 307 |
308 \section{Obtenir de l'aide} | |
309 | |
310 Le syst\`eme d'aide est simple. Faites \kbd{C-h} (ou \kbd{F1}) et suivez | |
311 les instructions. Si vous d\'ebutez, faites \kbd{C-h t} pour suivre un | |
312 {\bf didacticiel}. | |
313 | |
314 \key{supprimer la fen\^etre d'aide}{C-x 1} | |
315 \key{faire d\'efiler la fen\^etre d'aide}{C-M-v} | |
316 | |
317 \key{apropos : montrer les commandes contenant une certaine cha\^\i{}ne}{C-h a} | |
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318 \key{d\'ecrire la fonction lanc\'ee par une touche}{C-h k} |
34923 | 319 \key{d\'ecrire une fonction}{C-h f} |
320 \key{obtenir des informations sp\'ecifiques au mode}{C-h m} | |
321 | |
322 \section{R\'ecup\'eration des erreurs} | |
323 | |
324 \key{{\bf avorter} une commande partiellement tap\'ee ou ex\'ecut\'ee}{C-g} | |
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325 \metax{{\bf r\'ecup\'erer} les fichier perdus par un crash du syst\`eme}{M-x recover-session} |
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326 \metax{{\bf annuler} une modification non souhait\'ee}{C-x u, C-_ {\rm ou} C-/} |
34923 | 327 \metax{restaurer un tampon avec son contenu initial}{M-x revert-buffer} |
328 \key{r\'eafficher un \'ecran perturb\'e}{C-l} | |
329 | |
76679 | 330 \shortcopyrightnotice |
331 | |
34923 | 332 \section{Recherche incr\'ementale} |
333 | |
334 \key{rechercher vers l'avant}{C-s} | |
335 \key{rechercher vers l'arri\`ere}{C-r} | |
336 \key{rechercher vers l'avant par expression rationnelle}{C-M-s} | |
337 \key{rechercher vers l'arri\`ere par expression rationnelle}{C-M-r} | |
338 | |
339 \key{s\'electionner la cha\^\i{}ne de recherche pr\'ec\'edente}{M-p} | |
340 \key{s\'electionner la cha\^\i{}ne de recherche suivante}{M-n} | |
341 \key{sortir de la recherche incr\'ementale}{RET} | |
342 \key{annuler l'effet du dernier caract\`ere}{DEL} | |
343 \key{annuler la recherche en cours}{C-g} | |
344 | |
345 Refaites \kbd{C-s} ou \kbd{C-r} pour r\'ep\'eter la recherche dans une | |
346 direction quelconque. | |
347 Si Emacs est encore en train de chercher, \kbd{C-g} n'annule que ce | |
348 qui n'a pas \'et\'e fait. | |
349 | |
350 \section{D\'eplacements} | |
351 | |
352 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr | |
58866 | 353 \threecol{{\bf entit\'e sur laquelle se d\'eplacer}}{{\bf en arri\`ere}}{{\bf en avant}} |
34923 | 354 \threecol{caract\`ere}{C-b}{C-f} |
355 \threecol{mot}{M-b}{M-f} | |
356 \threecol{ligne}{C-p}{C-n} | |
58866 | 357 \threecol{aller au d\'ebut (ou \`a la fin) de la ligne}{C-a}{C-e} |
34923 | 358 \threecol{phrase}{M-a}{M-e} |
359 \threecol{paragraphe}{M-\{}{M-\}} | |
360 \threecol{page}{C-x [}{C-x ]} | |
361 \threecol{s-expression}{C-M-b}{C-M-f} | |
362 \threecol{fonction}{C-M-a}{C-M-e} | |
58866 | 363 \threecol{aller au d\'ebut (ou \`a la fin) du tampon}{M-<}{M->} |
34923 | 364 } |
365 | |
58866 | 366 \key{passer \`a l'\'ecran suivant}{C-v} |
367 \key{passer \`a l'\'ecran pr\'ec\'edent}{M-v} | |
34923 | 368 \key{d\'efiler l'\'ecran vers la droite}{C-x <} |
369 \key{d\'efiler l'\'ecran vers la gauche}{C-x >} | |
370 \key{placer la ligne courante au centre de l'\'ecran}{C-u C-l} | |
371 | |
372 \section{D\'etruire et supprimer} | |
373 | |
374 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr | |
58866 | 375 \threecol{{\bf entit\'e \`a supprimer}}{{\bf en arri\`ere}}{{\bf en avant}} |
34923 | 376 \threecol{caract\`ere (suppression, pas destruction)}{DEL}{C-d} |
377 \threecol{mot}{M-DEL}{M-d} | |
58866 | 378 \threecol{ligne (jusqu'\`a la fin)}{M-0 C-k}{C-k} |
34923 | 379 \threecol{phrase}{C-x DEL}{M-k} |
380 \threecol{s-expression}{M-- C-M-k}{C-M-k} | |
381 } | |
382 | |
383 \key{d\'etruire une {\bf r\'egion}}{C-w} | |
384 \key{copier une r\'egion dans le kill ring}{M-w} | |
58866 | 385 \key{d\'etruire jusqu'\`a l'occurrence suivante de {\it car}}{M-z {\it car}} |
34923 | 386 |
387 \key{r\'ecup\'erer la derni\`ere chose d\'etruite}{C-y} | |
388 \key{remplacer la derni\`ere r\'ecup\'eration par ce qui a \'et\'e d\'etruit avant}{M-y} | |
389 | |
390 \section{Marquer} | |
391 | |
392 \key{placer la marque ici}{C-@ {\rm ou} C-SPC} | |
393 \key{\'echanger le point et la marque}{C-x C-x} | |
394 | |
395 \key{placer la marque {\it arg\/} {\bf mots} plus loin}{M-@} | |
396 \key{marquer le {\bf paragraphe}}{M-h} | |
397 \key{marquer la {\bf page}}{C-x C-p} | |
398 \key{marquer la {\bf s-expression}}{C-M-@} | |
399 \key{marquer la {\bf fonction}}{C-M-h} | |
400 \key{marquer tout le {\bf tampon}}{C-x h} | |
401 | |
402 \section{Remplacement interactif} | |
403 | |
404 \key{remplacer interactivement une cha\^\i{}ne de texte}{M-\%} | |
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405 % query-replace-regexp est liee a C-M-% mais on ne peut pas le |
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406 % taper dans une console. |
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407 % Hack to prevent overflow. Please someone fix this properly. |
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408 \metax{en utilisant les expressions \hskip 20pt rationnelles} |
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409 {\hskip -30pt M-x query-replace-regexp} |
34923 | 410 |
411 Les r\'eponses admises dans le mode de remplacement interactif sont : | |
412 | |
58866 | 413 \key{{\bf remplacer} celle-l\`a, passer \`a la suivante}{SPC} |
414 \key{remplacer celle-l\`a, rester l\`a}{,} | |
415 \key{{\bf passer} \`a la suivante sans remplacer}{DEL} | |
34923 | 416 \key{remplacer toutes les correspondances suivantes}{!} |
58866 | 417 \key{{\bf revenir} \`a la correspondance pr\'ec\'edente}{^} |
34923 | 418 \key{{\bf sortir} du remplacement interactif}{RET} |
419 \key{entrer dans l'\'edition r\'ecursive (\kbd{C-M-c} pour sortir)}{C-r} | |
420 | |
421 \section{Fen\^etres multiples} | |
422 | |
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423 Lorsqu'il y a deux commandes, la seconde est une commande identique \`a |
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424 la premi\`ere pour un cadre au lieu d'une fen\^etre. |
34923 | 425 |
426 {\setbox0=\hbox{\kbd{0}}\advance\hsize by 0\wd0 | |
427 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr | |
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428 \threecol{supprimer toutes les autres fen\^etres}{C-x 1\ \ \ \ }{C-x 5 1} |
34923 | 429 \threecol{diviser la fen\^etre horizontalement}{C-x 2\ \ \ \ }{C-x 5 2} |
430 \threecol{supprimer cette fen\^etre}{C-x 0\ \ \ \ }{C-x 5 0} | |
431 }} | |
432 \key{diviser la fen\^etre verticalement}{C-x 3} | |
433 | |
434 \key{faire d\'efiler l'autre fen\^etre}{C-M-v} | |
435 | |
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436 %% tabskip reduced from 10 to 3pt to fit on letterpaper. |
34923 | 437 {\setbox0=\hbox{\kbd{0}}\advance\hsize by 2\wd0 |
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438 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=3pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr |
58866 | 439 \threecol{placer le curseur dans une autre fen\^etre}{C-x o}{C-x 5 o} |
34923 | 440 |
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441 %% Hack in a line break to avoid overflow. |
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442 \threecol{\raggedright s\'electionner le tampon dans\cr |
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443 \hskip 10pt l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 b}{C-x 5 b} |
34923 | 444 \threecol{afficher le tampon dans l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 C-o}{C-x 5 C-o} |
445 \threecol{charger un fichier dans l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 f}{C-x 5 f} | |
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446 %% Hack in a line break to avoid overflow. |
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447 \threecol{\raggedright charger un fichier en lecture seule\cr |
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448 \hskip 10pt dans l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 r}{C-x 5 r} |
34923 | 449 \threecol{lancer Dired dans l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 d}{C-x 5 d} |
450 \threecol{trouver un tag dans l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 .}{C-x 5 .} | |
451 }} | |
452 | |
453 \key{agrandir la fen\^etre}{C-x ^} | |
454 \key{rapetisser la fen\^etre}{C-x \{} | |
455 \key{\'elargir la fen\^etre}{C-x \}} | |
456 | |
457 \section{Formater} | |
458 | |
459 \key{indenter la {\bf ligne} courante (d\'epend du mode)}{TAB} | |
460 \key{indenter la {\bf r\'egion} courante (d\'epend du mode)}{C-M-\\} | |
461 \key{indenter la {\bf s-expression} courante (d\'epend du mode)}{C-M-q} | |
462 \key{indenter la r\'egion sur {\it arg\/} colonnes}{C-x TAB} | |
463 | |
464 \key{ins\'erer un newline apr\`es le point}{C-o} | |
465 \key{d\'eplacer le reste de la ligne vers le bas}{C-M-o} | |
466 \key{supprimer les lignes blanches autour du point}{C-x C-o} | |
58866 | 467 \key{joindre la ligne \`a la pr\'ec\'edente (\`a la suivante avec arg)}{M-^} |
34923 | 468 \key{supprimer tous les espaces autour du point}{M-\\} |
58866 | 469 \key{mettre exactement un espace \`a l'emplacement du point}{M-SPC} |
34923 | 470 |
471 \key{remplir le paragraphe}{M-q} | |
472 \key{placer la marge droite}{C-x f} | |
473 \key{d\'efinir le pr\'efixe par lequel commencera chaque ligne}{C-x .} | |
474 | |
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475 \key{d\'efinir la fonte}{M-o} |
34923 | 476 |
477 \section{Modifier la casse} | |
478 | |
479 \key{mettre le mot en majuscules}{M-u} | |
480 \key{mettre le mot en minuscules}{M-l} | |
481 \key{mettre le mot en capitales}{M-c} | |
482 | |
483 \key{mettre la r\'egion en majuscules}{C-x C-u} | |
484 \key{mettre la r\'egion en minuscules}{C-x C-l} | |
485 | |
486 \section{Le mini-tampon} | |
487 | |
488 Les touches suivantes sont utilisables dans le mini-tampon : | |
489 | |
490 \key{compl\'eter autant que possible}{TAB} | |
491 \key{compl\'eter un mot}{SPC} | |
58866 | 492 \key{compl\'eter et ex\'ecuter}{RET} |
34923 | 493 \key{montrer les compl\'etions possibles}{?} |
494 \key{rechercher l'entr\'ee pr\'ec\'edente du mini-tampon}{M-p} | |
495 \key{rechercher l'entr\'ee suivante du mini-tampon ou le d\'efaut}{M-n} | |
58866 | 496 \key{rechercher \`a rebours par expr. rationnelle dans l'historique}{M-r} |
34923 | 497 \key{rechercher vers l'avant par expr. rationnelle dans l'historique}{M-s} |
498 \key{annuler la commande}{C-g} | |
499 | |
500 Faites \kbd{C-x ESC ESC} pour \'editer et r\'ep\'eter la derni\`ere commande | |
501 ayant utilis\'e le minitampon. Faites \kbd{F10} pour activer la barre de | |
502 menu utilisant le minitampon. | |
503 | |
504 \newcolumn | |
505 \title{Carte de r\'ef\'erence de GNU Emacs} | |
506 | |
507 \section{Tampons} | |
508 | |
509 \key{s\'electionner un autre tampon}{C-x b} | |
510 \key{\'enum\'erer tous les tampons}{C-x C-b} | |
511 \key{supprimer un tampon}{C-x k} | |
512 | |
513 \section{Transposer} | |
514 | |
515 \key{transposer des {\bf caract\`eres}}{C-t} | |
516 \key{transposer des {\bf mots}}{M-t} | |
517 \key{transposer des {\bf lignes}}{C-x C-t} | |
518 \key{transposer des {\bf s-expressions}}{C-M-t} | |
519 | |
520 \section{V\'erifier l'orthographe} | |
521 | |
522 \key{v\'erifier l'orthographe du mot courant}{M-\$} | |
523 \metax{v\'erifier l'orthographe de tous les mots d'une r\'egion}{M-x ispell-region} | |
524 \metax{v\'erifier l'orthographe de tout le tampon}{M-x ispell-buffer} | |
525 | |
526 \section{Tags} | |
527 | |
528 \key{trouver un tag (une d\'efinition)}{M-.} | |
529 \key{trouver l'occurrence suivante du tag}{C-u M-.} | |
530 \metax{sp\'ecifier un nouveau fichier de tags}{M-x visit-tags-table} | |
531 | |
532 \metax{rechercher par expr. rationnelles dans tous les fichiers du | |
533 tableau de tags}{M-x tags-search} | |
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534 %% Overflow hack. |
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535 \metax{lancer un remplacement interactif sur tous les fichiers}% |
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536 {\hskip -9pt M-x tags-query-replace} |
34923 | 537 \key{continuer la derni\`ere recherche de tags ou le remplacement interactif}{M-,} |
538 | |
539 \section{Shells} | |
540 | |
541 \key{ex\'ecuter une commande shell}{M-!} | |
542 \key{lancer une commande shell sur la r\'egion}{M-|} | |
543 \key{filtrer la r\'egion avec une commande shell}{C-u M-|} | |
544 \key{lancer un shell dans la fen\^etre \kbd{*shell*}}{M-x shell} | |
545 | |
546 \section{Rectangles} | |
547 | |
548 \key{copier le rectangle dans le registre}{C-x r r} | |
549 \key{d\'etruire le rectangle}{C-x r k} | |
550 \key{r\'ecup\'erer le rectangle}{C-x r y} | |
58866 | 551 \key{ouvrir le rectangle, en d\'ecalant le texte \`a droite}{C-x r o} |
34923 | 552 \key{vider le rectangle}{C-x r c} |
553 \key{pr\'efixer chaque ligne avec une cha\^\i{}ne}{C-x r t} | |
554 | |
555 \section{Abr\'eviations} | |
556 | |
557 \key{ajouter une abr\'eviation globale}{C-x a g} | |
558 \key{ajouter une abr\'eviation locale au mode}{C-x a l} | |
559 \key{ajouter une expansion globale pour cette abr\'eviation}{C-x a i g} | |
560 \key{ajouter une expansion locale au mode pour cette abr\'eviation}{C-x a i l} | |
561 \key{faire une expansion explicite de cette abr\'eviation}{C-x a e} | |
562 | |
563 \key{faire une expansion dynamique du mot pr\'ec\'edent}{M-/} | |
564 | |
565 \section{Expressions rationnelles} | |
566 | |
567 \key{un unique caract\`ere quelconque, sauf une fin de ligne}{. {\rm(point)}} | |
568 \key{z\'ero r\'ep\'etition ou plus}{*} | |
569 \key{une r\'ep\'etition ou plus}{+} | |
570 \key{z\'ero ou une r\'ep\'etition}{?} | |
571 \key{caract\`ere sp\'ecial pour quoter l'expression rationnelle {\it c\/}}{\\{\it c}} | |
572 \key{alternative (``ou'')}{\\|} | |
573 \key{regroupement}{\\( {\rm$\ldots$} \\)} | |
574 \key{le m\^eme texte que dans le {\it n\/}i\`eme groupe}{\\{\it n}} | |
575 \key{limite de mot}{\\b} | |
576 \key{non limite de mot}{\\B} | |
577 | |
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578 %% tabskip reduced from 10 to 5pt for letterpaper. |
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579 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=5pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr |
34923 | 580 \threecol{{\bf entit\'e}}{{\bf d\'ebut}}{{\bf fin}} |
581 \threecol{ligne}{^}{\$} | |
582 \threecol{mot}{\\<}{\\>} | |
583 \threecol{tampon}{\\`}{\\'} | |
584 | |
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585 \threecol{{\bf classe de caract\`ere}}{{\bf correspond}} |
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586 {{\bf correspond \`a d'autres}} |
34923 | 587 \threecol{ensemble explicite}{[ {\rm$\ldots$} ]}{[^ {\rm$\ldots$} ]} |
588 \threecol{caract\`ere de mot}{\\w}{\\W} | |
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589 %% Overflow hack. |
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590 \threecol{\raggedright caract\`ere avec la\cr \hskip 5pt syntaxe {\it c}}% |
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591 {\\s{\it c}}{\\S{\it c}} |
34923 | 592 } |
593 | |
594 \section{Jeux de caract\`eres internationaux} | |
595 | |
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596 \key{indiquer la langue principale}{C-x RET l} |
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597 %% Overflow hack. |
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598 \metax{montrer toutes les m\'ethodes de saisie} |
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599 {\hskip -10pt M-x list-input-methods} |
34923 | 600 \key{activer ou d\'esactiver la m\'ethode de saisie}{C-\\} |
601 \key{choisir le syst\`eme de codage pour la commande suivante}{C-x RET c} | |
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602 %% Overflow hack. |
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603 \metax{montrer tous les syst\`emes de codage}% |
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604 {\hskip -10pt M-x list-coding-systems} |
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605 %% Overflow hack. |
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606 \metax{choisir le syst\`eme de codage pr\'ef\'er\'e}% |
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607 {\hskip -10pt M-x prefer-coding-system} |
34923 | 608 |
609 \section{Info} | |
610 | |
611 \key{entrer dans le visualisateur de la documentation Info}{C-h i} | |
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612 \key{chercher une fonction ou une variable pr\'ecise dans Info}{C-h S} |
34923 | 613 \beginindentedkeys |
614 | |
615 Se d\'eplacer dans un n\oe{}ud : | |
616 | |
617 \key{une page plus bas}{SPC} | |
618 \key{une page plus haut}{DEL} | |
619 \key{d\'ebut du n\oe{}ud}{. {\rm (point)}} | |
620 | |
621 Passer de n\oe{}ud en n\oe{}ud : | |
622 | |
623 \key{n\oe{}ud {\bf suivant}}{n} | |
624 \key{n\oe{}ud {\bf pr\'ec\'edent}}{p} | |
625 \key{aller {\bf plus haut}}{u} | |
626 \key{choisir un sujet de menu par son nom}{m} | |
627 \key{choisir le {\it n\/}i\`eme sujet de menu par son num\'ero (1--9)}{{\it n}} | |
628 \key{suivre une r\'ef\'erence crois\'ee (on revient avec \kbd{l})}{f} | |
629 \key{revenir au dernier n\oe{}ud visit\'e}{l} | |
630 \key{revenir au n\oe{}ud du r\'epertoire}{d} | |
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631 \key{aller au n\oe{}ud de plus haut niveau du fichier Info}{t} |
34923 | 632 \key{aller sur n'importe quel n\oe{}ud par son nom}{g} |
633 | |
634 Autres : | |
635 | |
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636 \key{lancer le {\bf didacticiel} Info}{h} |
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637 \key{chercher un sujet dans l'index}{i} |
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638 \key{rechercher les n\oe{}uds avec une expression rationnelle}{s} |
34923 | 639 \key{{\bf quitter} Info}{q} |
640 | |
641 \endindentedkeys | |
642 | |
643 \section{Registres} | |
644 | |
645 \key{sauver la r\'egion dans un registre}{C-x r s} | |
646 \key{ins\'erer le contenu du registre dans le tampon}{C-x r i} | |
647 | |
648 \key{sauver la valeur du point dans un registre}{C-x r SPC} | |
649 \key{sauter au point sauv\'e dans le registre}{C-x r j} | |
650 | |
651 \section{Macros clavier} | |
652 | |
653 \key{{\bf lancer} la d\'efinition d'une macro clavier}{C-x (} | |
654 \key{{\bf terminer} la d\'efinition d'une macro clavier}{C-x )} | |
655 \key{{\bf ex\'ecuter} la derni\`ere macro clavier d\'efinie}{C-x e} | |
58866 | 656 \key{ajouter \`a la derni\`ere macro clavier}{C-u C-x (} |
657 \metax{donner un nom \`a la derni\`ere macro clavier}{M-x name-last-kbd-macro} | |
34923 | 658 \metax{ins\'erer une d\'efinition Lisp dans le tampon}{M-x insert-kbd-macro} |
659 | |
660 \section{Commandes de gestion d'Emacs Lisp} | |
661 | |
662 \key{\'evaluer la {\bf s-expression} situ\'ee avant le point}{C-x C-e} | |
663 \key{\'evaluer la {\bf defun} courante}{C-M-x} | |
664 \metax{\'evaluer la {\bf r\'egion}}{M-x eval-region} | |
665 \key{lire et \'evaluer le mini-tampon}{M-:} | |
58866 | 666 \metax{charger \`a partir du r\'epertoire syst\`eme standard}{M-x load-library} |
34923 | 667 |
668 \section{Personnalisation simple} | |
669 | |
670 \metax{personnaliser les variables et les fontes}{M-x customize} | |
671 | |
672 % The intended audience here is the person who wants to make simple | |
673 % customizations and knows Lisp syntax. | |
674 | |
675 Cr\'eation de liaisons de touches globales en Emacs Lisp (exemples): | |
676 | |
677 \beginexample% | |
678 (global-set-key "\\C-cg" 'goto-line) | |
679 (global-set-key "\\M-\#" 'query-replace-regexp) | |
680 \endexample | |
681 | |
682 \section{\'Ecriture de commandes} | |
683 | |
684 \beginexample% | |
685 (defun \<nom-commande> (\<args>) | |
686 "\<documentation>" (interactive "\<template>") | |
687 \<body>) | |
688 \endexample | |
689 | |
690 Exemple : | |
691 | |
692 \beginexample% | |
693 (defun cette-ligne-en-haut-de-la-fenetre (line) | |
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694 %% Leading space omitted to avoid linebreak and underfull hbox. |
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695 "Repositionne la ligne du point en haut de la fenetre. |
34923 | 696 Avec ARG, place le point sur la ligne ARG." |
697 (interactive "P") | |
698 (recenter (if (null line) | |
699 0 | |
700 (prefix-numeric-value line)))) | |
701 \endexample | |
702 | |
703 La sp\'ecification \kbd{interactive} indique comment lire | |
704 interactivement les param\`etres. Faites \kbd{C-h f interactive} pour | |
705 plus de pr\'ecisions. | |
706 | |
707 \copyrightnotice | |
708 | |
709 \bye | |
710 | |
711 % Local variables: | |
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712 % compile-command: "tex fr-refcard" |
34923 | 713 % End: |
52401 | 714 |
715 % arch-tag: 39d6dc6e-1a4a-4071-84db-4719d4e9e40d |