annotate man/xresources.texi @ 48784:bdc945cde16e

File name change: TUTORIAL.se -> TUTORIAL.sv
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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1987,93,94,95,1997,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
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4 @node X Resources, Antinews, Command Arguments, Top
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5 @appendix X Options and Resources
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6
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7 You can customize some X-related aspects of Emacs behavior using X
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8 resources, as is usual for programs that use X. On MS-Windows, you
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9 can customize some of the same aspects using the system registry.
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10 @xref{MS-Windows Registry}. X resources are the only way to customize
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11 tooltip windows and LessTif menus, since the libraries that implement
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12 them don't provide for customization through Emacs. This appendix
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13 describes the X resources that Emacs recognizes and how to use them.
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14
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15 @menu
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16 * Resources:: Using X resources with Emacs (in general).
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17 * Table of Resources:: Table of specific X resources that affect Emacs.
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18 * Face Resources:: X resources for customizing faces.
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19 * Lucid Resources:: X resources for Lucid menus.
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20 * LessTif Resources:: X resources for LessTif and Motif menus.
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21 @end menu
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22
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23 @node Resources
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24 @appendixsec X Resources
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25 @cindex resources
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26
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27 @cindex X resources, @file{~/.Xdefaults} file
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28 @cindex X resources, @file{~/.Xresources} file
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29 Programs running under the X Window System organize their user
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30 options under a hierarchy of classes and resources. You can specify
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31 default values for these options in your X resources file, usually
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32 named @file{~/.Xdefaults} or @file{~/.Xresources}.
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33 If changes in @file{~/.Xdefaults} do not
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34 take effect, it is because your X server stores its own list of
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35 resources; to update them, use the shell command @command{xrdb}---for
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36 instance, @samp{xrdb ~/.Xdefaults}.
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37
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38 Each line in the file specifies a value for one option or for a
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39 collection of related options, for one program or for several programs
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40 (optionally even for all programs).
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41
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42 @cindex Registry (MS-Windows)
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43 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults} file, and MS-Windows
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44 MS-Windows systems don't support @file{~/.Xdefaults} files, but
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45 Emacs compiled for Windows looks for X resources in the Windows
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46 Registry, under the key @samp{HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs}
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47 and then under the key @samp{HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs}.
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48
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49 Programs define named resources with particular meanings. They also
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50 define how to group resources into named classes. For instance, in
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51 Emacs, the @samp{internalBorder} resource controls the width of the
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52 internal border, and the @samp{borderWidth} resource controls the width
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53 of the external border. Both of these resources are part of the
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54 @samp{BorderWidth} class. Case distinctions are significant in these
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55 names.
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56
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57 In @file{~/.Xdefaults}, you can specify a value for a single resource
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58 on one line, like this:
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59
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60 @example
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61 emacs.borderWidth: 2
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62 @end example
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63
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64 @noindent
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65 Or you can use a class name to specify the same value for all resources
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66 in that class. Here's an example:
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67
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68 @example
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69 emacs.BorderWidth: 2
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70 @end example
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71
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72 If you specify a value for a class, it becomes the default for all
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73 resources in that class. You can specify values for individual
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74 resources as well; these override the class value, for those particular
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75 resources. Thus, this example specifies 2 as the default width for all
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76 borders, but overrides this value with 4 for the external border:
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77
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78 @example
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79 emacs.BorderWidth: 2
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80 emacs.borderWidth: 4
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81 @end example
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82
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83 The order in which the lines appear in the file does not matter.
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84 Also, command-line options always override the X resources file.
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85
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86 The string @samp{emacs} in the examples above is also a resource
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87 name. It actually represents the name of the executable file that you
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88 invoke to run Emacs. If Emacs is installed under a different name, it
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89 looks for resources under that name instead of @samp{emacs}.
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90
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91 @table @samp
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92 @item -name @var{name}
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93 @opindex --name
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94 @itemx --name=@var{name}
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95 @cindex resource name, command-line argument
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96 Use @var{name} as the resource name (and the title) for the initial
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97 Emacs frame. This option does not affect subsequent frames, but Lisp
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98 programs can specify frame names when they create frames.
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99
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100 If you don't specify this option, the default is to use the Emacs
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101 executable's name as the resource name.
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102
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103 @item -xrm @var{resource-values}
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104 @opindex --xrm
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105 @itemx --xrm=@var{resource-values}
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106 @cindex resource values, command-line argument
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107 Specify X resource values for this Emacs job (see below).
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108 @end table
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109
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110 For consistency, @samp{-name} also specifies the name to use for
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111 other resource values that do not belong to any particular frame.
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112
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113 The resources that name Emacs invocations also belong to a class; its
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114 name is @samp{Emacs}. If you write @samp{Emacs} instead of
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115 @samp{emacs}, the resource applies to all frames in all Emacs jobs,
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116 regardless of frame titles and regardless of the name of the executable
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117 file. Here is an example:
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118
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119 @example
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120 Emacs.BorderWidth: 2
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121 Emacs.borderWidth: 4
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122 @end example
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123
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124 You can specify a string of additional resource values for Emacs to
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125 use with the command line option @samp{-xrm @var{resources}}. The text
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126 @var{resources} should have the same format that you would use inside a file
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127 of X resources. To include multiple resource specifications in
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128 @var{resources}, put a newline between them, just as you would in a file.
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129 You can also use @samp{#include "@var{filename}"} to include a file full
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130 of resource specifications. Resource values specified with @samp{-xrm}
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131 take precedence over all other resource specifications.
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132
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133 One way to experiment with the effect of different resource settings
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134 is to use the @code{editres} program. Select @samp{Get Tree} from the
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135 @samp{Commands} menu, then click on an Emacs frame. This will display
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136 a tree showing the structure of X toolkit widgets used in an Emacs
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137 frame. Select one of them, such as @samp{menubar}, then select
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138 @samp{Show Resource Box} from the @samp{Commands} menu. This displays
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139 a list of all the meaningful X resources and allows you to edit them.
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140 Changes take effect immediately if you click on the @samp{Apply} button.
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141
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142 @node Table of Resources
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143 @appendixsec Table of X Resources for Emacs
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144
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145 This table lists the resource names that designate options for
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146 Emacs, not counting those for the appearance of the menu bar, each
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147 with the class that it belongs to:
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148
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149 @table @asis
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150 @item @code{background} (class @code{Background})
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151 Background color name.
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152
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153 @item @code{bitmapIcon} (class @code{BitmapIcon})
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154 Use a bitmap icon (a picture of a gnu) if @samp{on}, let the window
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155 manager choose an icon if @samp{off}.
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156
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157 @item @code{borderColor} (class @code{BorderColor})
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158 Color name for the external border.
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159
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160 @item @code{borderWidth} (class @code{BorderWidth})
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161 Width in pixels of the external border.
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162
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163 @item @code{cursorColor} (class @code{Foreground})
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164 Color name for text cursor (point).
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165
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166 @item @code{font} (class @code{Font})
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167 Font name for text (or fontset name, @pxref{Fontsets}).
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168
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169 @item @code{foreground} (class @code{Foreground})
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170 Color name for text.
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171
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172 @item @code{geometry} (class @code{Geometry})
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173 Window size and position. Be careful not to specify this resource as
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174 @samp{emacs*geometry}, because that may affect individual menus as well
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175 as the Emacs frame itself.
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176
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177 If this resource specifies a position, that position applies only to the
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178 initial Emacs frame (or, in the case of a resource for a specific frame
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179 name, only that frame). However, the size, if specified here, applies to
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180 all frames.
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181
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182 @item @code{fullscreen} (class @code{Fullscreen})
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183 The desired fullscreen size. The value can be one of @code{fullboth},
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184 @code{fullwidth} or @code{fullheight}, which correspond to
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185 the command-line options @samp{-fs}, @samp{-fw}, and @samp{-fh}
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186 (@pxref{Window Size X}).
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187
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188 Note that this applies to all frames created, not just the initial
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189 one.
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190
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191 @item @code{iconName} (class @code{Title})
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192 Name to display in the icon.
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193
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194 @item @code{internalBorder} (class @code{BorderWidth})
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195 Width in pixels of the internal border.
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196
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197 @item @code{lineSpacing} (class @code{LineSpacing})
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198 @cindex line spacing
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199 @cindex leading
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200 Additional space (@dfn{leading}) between lines, in pixels.
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201
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202 @item @code{menuBar} (class @code{MenuBar})
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203 Give frames menu bars if @samp{on}; don't have menu bars if
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204 @samp{off}. @xref{Lucid Resources}, and @ref{LessTif Resources}, for
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205 how to control the appearance of the menu bar if you have one.
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206
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207 @item @code{toolBar} (class @code{ToolBar})
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208 Number of lines to reserve for the tool bar. A zero value suppresses
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209 the tool bar. If the value is non-zero and
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210 @code{auto-resize-tool-bars} is non-@code{nil}, the tool bar's size
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211 will be changed automatically so that all tool bar items are visible.
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212
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213 @item @code{minibuffer} (class @code{Minibuffer})
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214 If @samp{none}, don't make a minibuffer in this frame.
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215 It will use a separate minibuffer frame instead.
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216
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217 @item @code{paneFont} (class @code{Font})
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218 @cindex font for menus
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219 Font name for menu pane titles, in non-toolkit versions of Emacs.
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220
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221 @item @code{pointerColor} (class @code{Foreground})
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222 Color of the mouse cursor.
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223
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224 @item @code{privateColormap} (class @code{PrivateColormap})
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225 If @samp{on}, use a private color map, in the case where the ``default
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226 visual'' of class PseudoColor and Emacs is using it.
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227
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228 @item @code{reverseVideo} (class @code{ReverseVideo})
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229 Switch foreground and background default colors if @samp{on}, use colors as
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230 specified if @samp{off}.
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231
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232 @item @code{screenGamma} (class @code{ScreenGamma})
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233 @cindex gamma correction
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234 Gamma correction for colors, equivalent to the frame parameter
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235 @code{screen-gamma}.
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236
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237 @item @code{selectionFont} (class @code{SelectionFont})
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238 Font name for pop-up menu items, in non-toolkit versions of Emacs. (For
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239 toolkit versions, see @ref{Lucid Resources}, also see @ref{LessTif
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240 Resources}.)
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241
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242 @item @code{selectionTimeout} (class @code{SelectionTimeout})
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243 Number of milliseconds to wait for a selection reply.
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244 If the selection owner doesn't reply in this time, we give up.
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245 A value of 0 means wait as long as necessary.
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246
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247 @item @code{synchronous} (class @code{Synchronous})
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248 @cindex debugging X problems
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249 @cindex synchronous X mode
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250 Run Emacs in synchronous mode if @samp{on}. Synchronous mode is
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251 useful for debugging X problems.
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252
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253 @item @code{title} (class @code{Title})
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254 Name to display in the title bar of the initial Emacs frame.
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255
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256 @item @code{verticalScrollBars} (class @code{ScrollBars})
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257 Give frames scroll bars if @samp{on}; don't have scroll bars if
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258 @samp{off}.
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259 @end table
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260
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261 @node Face Resources
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262 @appendixsec X Resources for Faces
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263
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264 You can also use resources to customize the appearance of particular
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265 faces (@pxref{Faces}):
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266
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267 @table @code
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268 @item @var{face}.attributeFont
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269 Font for face @var{face}.
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270 @item @var{face}.attributeForeground
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271 Foreground color for face @var{face}.
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272 @item @var{face}.attributeBackground
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273 Background color for face @var{face}.
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274 @item @var{face}.attributeUnderline
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275 Underline flag for face @var{face}. Use @samp{on} or @samp{true} for
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276 yes.
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277 @item @var{face}.attributeFamily
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278 Font family for face @var{face}.
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279 @item @var{face}.attributeWidth
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280 Relative proportional width of the font to use for face @var{face}.
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281 It should be one of @code{ultra-condensed}, @code{extra-condensed},
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282 @code{condensed}, @code{semi-condensed}, @code{normal},
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283 @code{semi-expanded}, @code{expanded}, @code{extra-expanded}, or
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284 @code{ultra-expanded}.
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285 @item @var{face}.attributeHeight
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286 Height of the font to use for face @var{face}: either an integer
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287 specifying the height in units of 1/10@dmn{pt}, or a floating point
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288 number that specifies a scale factor to scale the underlying face's
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289 default font, or a function to be called with the default height which
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290 will return a new height.
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291 @item @var{face}.attributeWeight
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292 A weight to use for the face @var{face}. It must be one of
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293 @code{ultra-bold}, @code{extra-bold}, @code{bold},
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294 @code{semi-bold}, @code{normal}, @code{semi-light}, @code{light},
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295 @code{extra-light}, @code{ultra-light}.
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296 @item @var{face}.attributeSlant
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297 The slant to use for the font of face @var{face}. It must be one of
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298 @code{italic}, @code{oblique}, @code{normal},
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299 @code{reverse-italic}, or @code{reverse-oblique}.
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300 @item @var{face}.attributeStrikeThrough
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301 Whether the face @var{face} should be drawn with a line striking
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302 through the characters.
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303 @item @var{face}.attributeOverline
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304 Whether the characters in the face @var{face} should be overlined.
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305 @item @var{face}.attributeBox
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306 Whether to draw a box around the characters in face @var{face}.
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307 @item @var{face}.attributeInverse
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308 Whether to display the characters in face @var{face} in inverse
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309 video.
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310 @item @var{face}.attributeStipple
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311 The name of a pixmap data file to use for the stipple pattern, or
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312 @code{false} to not use stipple for the face @var{face}.
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313 @item @var{face}.attributeBackgroundPixmap
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314 The background pixmap for the face @var{face}. Should be a name of a
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315 pixmap file or @code{false}.
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316 @item @var{face}.attributeBold
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317 Whether to draw the characters in the face @var{face} as bold.
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318 @item @var{face}.attributeItalic
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319 Whether to draw the characters in the face @var{face} as italic.
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320 @end table
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321
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322 @node Lucid Resources
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323 @appendixsec Lucid Menu X Resources
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324 @cindex Menu X Resources (Lucid widgets)
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325 @cindex Lucid Widget X Resources
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326
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327 If the Emacs installed at your site was built to use the X toolkit
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328 with the Lucid menu widgets, then the menu bar is a separate widget and
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329 has its own resources. The resource names contain @samp{pane.menubar}
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330 (following, as always, the name of the Emacs invocation, or @samp{Emacs},
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331 which stands for all Emacs invocations). Specify them like this:
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332
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333 @example
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334 Emacs.pane.menubar.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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335 @end example
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336
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337 @noindent
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338 For example, to specify the font @samp{8x16} for the menu-bar items,
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339 write this:
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340
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341 @example
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342 Emacs.pane.menubar.font: 8x16
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343 @end example
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344
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345 @noindent
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346 Resources for @emph{non-menubar} toolkit pop-up menus have
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347 @samp{menu*}, in like fashion. For example, to specify the font
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348 @samp{8x16} for the pop-up menu items, write this:
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349
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350 @example
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351 Emacs.menu*.font: 8x16
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352 @end example
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353
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354 @noindent
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355 For dialog boxes, use @samp{dialog} instead of @samp{menu}:
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356
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357 @example
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358 Emacs.dialog*.font: 8x16
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359 @end example
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360
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361 @noindent
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362 Experience shows that on some systems you may need to add
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363 @samp{shell.}@: before the @samp{pane.menubar} or @samp{menu*}. On
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364 some other systems, you must not add @samp{shell.}.
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365
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366 Here is a list of the specific resources for menu bars and pop-up menus:
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367
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368 @table @code
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369 @item font
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370 Font for menu item text.
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371 @item foreground
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372 Color of the foreground.
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373 @item background
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374 Color of the background.
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375 @item buttonForeground
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376 In the menu bar, the color of the foreground for a selected item.
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377 @item horizontalSpacing
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378 Horizontal spacing in pixels between items. Default is 3.
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379 @item verticalSpacing
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380 Vertical spacing in pixels between items. Default is 1.
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381 @item arrowSpacing
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382 Horizontal spacing between the arrow (which indicates a submenu) and
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383 the associated text. Default is 10.
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384 @item shadowThickness
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385 Thickness of shadow line around the widget.
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386 @item margin
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387 The margin of the menu bar, in characters. The default of 4 makes the
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388 menu bar appear like the LessTif/Motif one.
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389 @end table
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390
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391 @node LessTif Resources
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392 @appendixsec LessTif Menu X Resources
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393 @cindex Menu X Resources (LessTif widgets)
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394 @cindex LessTif Widget X Resources
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395
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396 If the Emacs installed at your site was built to use the X toolkit
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397 with the LessTif or Motif widgets, then the menu bar, the dialog
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398 boxes, the pop-up menus, and the file-selection box are separate
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399 widgets and have their own resources.
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400
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401 The resource names for the menu bar contain @samp{pane.menubar}
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402 (following, as always, the name of the Emacs invocation, or
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403 @samp{Emacs}, which stands for all Emacs invocations). Specify them
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404 like this:
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405
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406 @smallexample
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407 Emacs.pane.menubar.@var{subwidget}.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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408 @end smallexample
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409
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410 Each individual string in the menu bar is a subwidget; the subwidget's
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411 name is the same as the menu item string. For example, the word
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412 @samp{File} in the menu bar is part of a subwidget named
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413 @samp{emacs.pane.menubar.File}. Most likely, you want to specify the
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414 same resources for the whole menu bar. To do this, use @samp{*} instead
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415 of a specific subwidget name. For example, to specify the font
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416 @samp{8x16} for the menu-bar items, write this:
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417
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418 @smallexample
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419 Emacs.pane.menubar.*.fontList: 8x16
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420 @end smallexample
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421
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422 @noindent
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423 This also specifies the resource value for submenus.
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424
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425 Each item in a submenu in the menu bar also has its own name for X
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426 resources; for example, the @samp{File} submenu has an item named
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427 @samp{Save (current buffer)}. A resource specification for a submenu
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428 item looks like this:
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429
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430 @smallexample
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431 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.@var{menu}.@var{item}.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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432 @end smallexample
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433
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434 @noindent
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435 For example, here's how to specify the font for the @samp{Save (current
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436 buffer)} item:
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437
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438 @smallexample
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439 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.File.Save (current buffer).fontList: 8x16
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440 @end smallexample
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441
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442 @noindent
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443 For an item in a second-level submenu, such as @samp{Complete Word}
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444 under @samp{Spell Checking} under @samp{Tools}, the resource fits this
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445 template:
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446
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447 @smallexample
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448 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.popup_*.@var{menu}.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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449 @end smallexample
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450
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451 @noindent
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452 For example,
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453
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454 @smallexample
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455 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.popup_*.Spell Checking.Complete Word: @var{value}
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456 @end smallexample
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457
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458 @noindent
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459 (This should be one long line.)
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460
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461 It's impossible to specify a resource for all the menu-bar items
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462 without also specifying it for the submenus as well. So if you want the
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463 submenu items to look different from the menu bar itself, you must ask
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464 for that in two steps. First, specify the resource for all of them;
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465 then, override the value for submenus alone. Here is an example:
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466
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467 @smallexample
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468 Emacs.pane.menubar.*.fontList: 8x16
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469 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.fontList: 8x16
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470 @end smallexample
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471
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472 @noindent
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473 For LessTif pop-up menus, use @samp{menu*} instead of
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474 @samp{pane.menubar}. For example, to specify the font @samp{8x16} for
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475 the pop-up menu items, write this:
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476
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477 @smallexample
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478 Emacs.menu*.fontList: 8x16
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479 @end smallexample
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480
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481 @noindent
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482 For LessTif dialog boxes, use @samp{dialog} instead of @samp{menu}:
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483
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484 @example
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485 Emacs.dialog*.fontList: 8x16
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486 Emacs.dialog*.foreground: hotpink
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487 @end example
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488
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489 To specify resources for the LessTif file-selection box, use
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490 @samp{fsb*}, like this:
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491
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492 @example
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493 Emacs.fsb*.fontList: 8x16
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494 @end example
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495
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496 @iftex
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497 @medbreak
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498 @end iftex
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499 Here is a list of the specific resources for LessTif menu bars and
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500 pop-up menus:
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501
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502 @table @code
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503 @item armColor
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504 The color to show in an armed button.
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505 @item fontList
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506 The font to use.
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507 @item marginBottom
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508 @itemx marginHeight
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509 @itemx marginLeft
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510 @itemx marginRight
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511 @itemx marginTop
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512 @itemx marginWidth
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513 Amount of space to leave around the item, within the border.
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514 @item borderWidth
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515 The width of the border around the menu item, on all sides.
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516 @item shadowThickness
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517 The width of the border shadow.
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518 @item bottomShadowColor
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519 The color for the border shadow, on the bottom and the right.
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520 @item topShadowColor
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521 The color for the border shadow, on the top and the left.
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522 @end table