|
84322
|
1 \input texinfo
|
|
84329
|
2 @setfilename ../../info/vip
|
|
84322
|
3 @settitle VIP
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
5 @copying
|
|
|
6 Copyright @copyright{} 1987, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004,
|
|
106815
|
7 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
84322
|
8
|
|
|
9 @quotation
|
|
|
10 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
|
|
99709
|
11 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
|
|
84322
|
12 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
|
|
95937
|
13 Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU Manual'',
|
|
|
14 and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license
|
|
|
15 is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''.
|
|
84322
|
16
|
|
95874
|
17 (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have the freedom to copy and
|
|
|
18 modify this GNU manual. Buying copies from the FSF supports it in
|
|
|
19 developing GNU and promoting software freedom.''
|
|
84322
|
20 @end quotation
|
|
|
21 @end copying
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
23 @titlepage
|
|
|
24 @sp 10
|
|
|
25 @center @titlefont{VIP}
|
|
|
26 @sp 1
|
|
|
27 @center A Vi Package for GNU Emacs
|
|
|
28 @center (Version 3.5, September 15, 1987)
|
|
|
29 @sp 2
|
|
|
30 @center Masahiko Sato
|
|
|
31 @page
|
|
|
32 @vskip 0pt plus1filll
|
|
|
33 @insertcopying
|
|
|
34 @end titlepage
|
|
|
35
|
|
102059
|
36 @finalout
|
|
|
37 @contents
|
|
|
38
|
|
84322
|
39 @dircategory Emacs
|
|
|
40 @direntry
|
|
|
41 * VIP: (vip). An older VI-emulation for Emacs.
|
|
|
42 @end direntry
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
44 @ifnottex
|
|
|
45 @node Top, Survey,, (DIR)
|
|
|
46 @top VIP
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
48 VIP is a Vi emulating package written in Emacs Lisp. VIP implements most
|
|
|
49 Vi commands including Ex commands. It is therefore hoped that this package
|
|
|
50 will enable you to do Vi style editing under the powerful GNU Emacs
|
|
|
51 environment. This info file describes the usage of VIP assuming that you
|
|
|
52 are fairly accustomed to Vi but not so much with Emacs. Also we will
|
|
|
53 concentrate mainly on differences from Vi, especially features unique to
|
|
|
54 VIP.
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
56 It is recommended that you read nodes on survey and on customization before
|
|
|
57 you start using VIP. Other nodes may be visited as needed.
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
59 Comments and bug reports are welcome. Please send messages to
|
|
|
60 @code{ms@@Sail.Stanford.Edu} if you are outside of Japan and to
|
|
|
61 @code{masahiko@@sato.riec.tohoku.junet} if you are in Japan.@refill
|
|
|
62
|
|
102059
|
63 @insertcopying
|
|
|
64
|
|
84322
|
65 @end ifnottex
|
|
|
66
|
|
|
67 @menu
|
|
|
68 * Survey:: A survey of VIP.
|
|
|
69 * Vi Commands:: Details of Vi commands.
|
|
|
70 * Ex Commands:: Details of Ex commands.
|
|
|
71 * Customization:: How to customize VIP.
|
|
|
72 * GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation.
|
|
|
73
|
|
|
74 @end menu
|
|
|
75 @iftex
|
|
|
76 @unnumbered Introduction
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
78 VIP is a Vi emulating package written in Emacs Lisp. VIP implements most
|
|
|
79 Vi commands including Ex commands. It is therefore hoped that this package
|
|
|
80 will enable you to do Vi style editing under the powerful GNU Emacs
|
|
|
81 environment. This manual describes the usage of VIP assuming that you are
|
|
|
82 fairly accustomed to Vi but not so much with Emacs. Also we will
|
|
|
83 concentrate mainly on differences from Vi, especially features unique to
|
|
|
84 VIP.
|
|
|
85
|
|
|
86 It is recommended that you read chapters on survey and on customization
|
|
|
87 before you start using VIP. Other chapters may be used as future
|
|
|
88 references.
|
|
|
89
|
|
|
90 Comments and bug reports are welcome. Please send messages to
|
|
|
91 @code{ms@@Sail.Stanford.Edu} if you are outside of Japan and to
|
|
|
92 @code{masahiko@@unsun.riec.tohoku.junet} if you are in Japan.
|
|
|
93 @end iftex
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
95 @node Survey, Basic Concepts, Top, Top
|
|
|
96 @chapter A Survey of VIP
|
|
|
97
|
|
|
98 In this chapter we describe basics of VIP with emphasis on the features not
|
|
|
99 found in Vi and on how to use VIP under GNU Emacs.
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
101 @menu
|
|
|
102 * Basic Concepts:: Basic concepts in Emacs.
|
|
|
103 * Loading VIP:: How to load VIP automatically.
|
|
|
104 * Modes in VIP:: VIP has three modes, which are orthogonal to modes
|
|
|
105 in Emacs.
|
|
|
106 * Differences from Vi:: Differences of VIP from Vi is explained.
|
|
|
107 @end menu
|
|
|
108
|
|
|
109 @node Basic Concepts, Loading VIP, Survey, Survey
|
|
|
110 @section Basic Concepts
|
|
|
111
|
|
|
112 We begin by explaining some basic concepts of Emacs. These concepts are
|
|
|
113 explained in more detail in the GNU Emacs Manual.
|
|
|
114
|
|
|
115 @cindex buffer
|
|
|
116 @cindex point
|
|
|
117 @cindex mark
|
|
|
118 @cindex text
|
|
|
119 @cindex looking at
|
|
|
120 @cindex end (of buffer)
|
|
|
121 @cindex region
|
|
|
122
|
|
|
123 Conceptually, a @dfn{buffer} is just a string of @acronym{ASCII} characters and two
|
|
|
124 special characters @key{PNT} (@dfn{point}) and @key{MRK} (@dfn{mark}) such
|
|
|
125 that the character @key{PNT} occurs exactly once and @key{MRK} occurs at
|
|
|
126 most once. The @dfn{text} of a buffer is obtained by deleting the
|
|
|
127 occurrences of @key{PNT} and @key{MRK}. If, in a buffer, there is a
|
|
|
128 character following @key{PNT} then we say that point is @dfn{looking at}
|
|
|
129 the character; otherwise we say that point is @dfn{at the end of buffer}.
|
|
|
130 @key{PNT} and @key{MRK} are used
|
|
|
131 to indicate positions in a buffer and they are not part of the text of the
|
|
|
132 buffer. If a buffer contains a @key{MRK} then the text between @key{MRK}
|
|
|
133 and @key{PNT} is called the @dfn{region} of the buffer.@refill
|
|
|
134
|
|
|
135 @cindex window
|
|
|
136
|
|
|
137 Emacs provides (multiple) @dfn{windows} on the screen, and you can see the
|
|
|
138 content of a buffer through the window associated with the buffer. The
|
|
|
139 cursor of the screen is always positioned on the character after @key{PNT}.
|
|
|
140 @refill
|
|
|
141
|
|
|
142 @cindex mode
|
|
|
143 @cindex keymap
|
|
|
144 @cindex local keymap
|
|
|
145 @cindex global keymap
|
|
|
146
|
|
|
147 A @dfn{keymap} is a table that records the bindings between characters and
|
|
|
148 command functions. There is the @dfn{global keymap} common to all the
|
|
|
149 buffers. Each buffer has its @dfn{local keymap} that determines the
|
|
|
150 @dfn{mode} of the buffer. Local keymap overrides global keymap, so that if
|
|
|
151 a function is bound to some key in the local keymap then that function will
|
|
|
152 be executed when you type the key. If no function is bound to a key in the
|
|
|
153 local map, however, the function bound to the key in the global map becomes
|
|
|
154 in effect.@refill
|
|
|
155
|
|
|
156 @node Loading VIP, Modes in VIP, Basic Concepts, Survey
|
|
|
157 @section Loading VIP
|
|
|
158
|
|
|
159 The recommended way to load VIP automatically is to include the line:
|
|
|
160 @example
|
|
|
161 (load "vip")
|
|
|
162 @end example
|
|
|
163 @noindent
|
|
|
164 in your @file{.emacs} file. The @file{.emacs} file is placed in your home
|
|
|
165 directory and it will be executed every time you invoke Emacs. If you wish
|
|
|
166 to be in vi mode whenever Emacs starts up, you can include the following
|
|
|
167 line in your @file{.emacs} file instead of the above line:
|
|
|
168 @example
|
|
|
169 (setq term-setup-hook 'vip-mode)
|
|
|
170 @end example
|
|
|
171 @noindent
|
|
|
172 (@xref{Vi Mode}, for the explanation of vi mode.)
|
|
|
173
|
|
|
174 Even if your @file{.emacs} file does not contain any of the above lines,
|
|
|
175 you can load VIP and enter vi mode by typing the following from within
|
|
|
176 Emacs.
|
|
|
177 @example
|
|
|
178 M-x vip-mode
|
|
|
179 @end example
|
|
|
180 @noindent
|
|
|
181
|
|
|
182 @node Modes in VIP, Emacs Mode, Loading VIP, Survey
|
|
|
183 @section Modes in VIP
|
|
|
184
|
|
|
185 @kindex 032 @kbd{C-z} (@code{vip-change-mode-to-vi})
|
|
|
186 @kindex 0301 @kbd{C-x C-z} (@code{suspend-emacs})
|
|
|
187
|
|
|
188 Loading VIP has the effect of globally binding @kbd{C-z} (@kbd{Control-z})
|
|
|
189 to the function @code{vip-change-mode-to-vi}. The default binding of @kbd{C-z}
|
|
|
190 in GNU Emacs is @code{suspend-emacs}, but, you can also call
|
|
|
191 @code{suspend-emacs} by typing @kbd{C-x C-z}. Other than this, all the
|
|
|
192 key bindings of Emacs remain the same after loading VIP.@refill
|
|
|
193
|
|
|
194 @cindex vi mode
|
|
|
195
|
|
|
196 Now, if you hit @kbd{C-z}, the function @code{vip-change-mode-to-vi} will be
|
|
|
197 called and you will be in @dfn{vi mode}. (Some major modes may locally bind
|
|
|
198 @kbd{C-z} to some special functions. In such cases, you can call
|
|
|
199 @code{vip-change-mode-to-vi} by @code{execute-extended-command} which is
|
|
|
200 invoked by @kbd{M-x}. Here @kbd{M-x} means @kbd{Meta-x}, and if your
|
|
|
201 terminal does not have a @key{META} key you can enter it by typing
|
|
|
202 @kbd{@key{ESC} x}. The same effect can also be achieve by typing
|
|
|
203 @kbd{M-x vip-mode}.)@refill
|
|
|
204
|
|
|
205 @cindex mode line
|
|
|
206
|
|
|
207 You can observe the change of mode by looking at the @dfn{mode line}. For
|
|
|
208 instance, if the mode line is:@refill
|
|
|
209 @example
|
|
|
210 -----Emacs: *scratch* (Lisp Interaction)----All------------
|
|
|
211 @end example
|
|
|
212 @noindent
|
|
|
213 then it will change to:
|
|
|
214 @example
|
|
|
215 -----Vi: *scratch* (Lisp Interaction)----All------------
|
|
|
216 @end example
|
|
|
217 @noindent
|
|
|
218 Thus the word @samp{Emacs} in the mode line will change to @samp{Vi}.
|
|
|
219
|
|
|
220 @cindex insert mode
|
|
|
221 @cindex emacs mode
|
|
|
222
|
|
|
223 You can go back to the original @dfn{emacs mode} by typing @kbd{C-z} in
|
|
|
224 vi mode. Thus @kbd{C-z} toggles between these two modes.@refill
|
|
|
225
|
|
|
226 Note that modes in VIP exist orthogonally to modes in Emacs. This means
|
|
|
227 that you can be in vi mode and at the same time, say, shell mode.
|
|
|
228
|
|
|
229 Vi mode corresponds to Vi's command mode. From vi mode you can enter
|
|
|
230 @dfn{insert mode} (which corresponds to Vi's insert mode) by usual Vi command
|
|
|
231 keys like @kbd{i}, @kbd{a}, @kbd{o} @dots{} etc.
|
|
|
232
|
|
|
233 In insert mode, the mode line will look like this:
|
|
|
234 @example
|
|
|
235 -----Insert *scratch* (Lisp Interaction)----All------------
|
|
|
236 @end example
|
|
|
237 @noindent
|
|
|
238 You can exit from insert mode by hitting @key{ESC} key as you do in Vi.
|
|
|
239
|
|
|
240 That VIP has three modes may seem very complicated, but in fact it is not
|
|
|
241 so. VIP is implemented so that you can do most editing remaining only
|
|
|
242 in the two modes for Vi (that is vi mode and insert mode).
|
|
|
243
|
|
|
244 @ifinfo
|
|
|
245 The figure below shows the transition of three modes in VIP.
|
|
|
246 @display
|
|
|
247
|
|
|
248
|
|
|
249 === C-z ==> == i,o ... ==>
|
|
|
250 emacs mode vi mode insert mode
|
|
|
251 <== X-z === <=== ESC ====
|
|
|
252 @end display
|
|
|
253 @end ifinfo
|
|
|
254
|
|
|
255 @menu
|
|
|
256 * Emacs Mode:: This is the mode you should know better.
|
|
|
257 * Vi Mode:: Vi commands are executed in this mode.
|
|
|
258 * Insert Mode:: You can enter text, and also can do editing if you
|
|
|
259 know enough Emacs commands.
|
|
|
260 @end menu
|
|
|
261
|
|
|
262 @node Emacs Mode, Vi Mode, Modes in VIP, Modes in VIP
|
|
|
263 @subsection Emacs Mode
|
|
|
264
|
|
|
265 @kindex 032 @kbd{C-z} (@code{vip-change-mode-to-vi})
|
|
|
266
|
|
|
267 You will be in this mode just after you loaded VIP. You can do all
|
|
|
268 normal Emacs editing in this mode. Note that the key @kbd{C-z} is globally
|
|
|
269 bound to @code{vip-change-mode-to-vi}. So, if you type @kbd{C-z} in this mode
|
|
|
270 then you will be in vi mode.@refill
|
|
|
271
|
|
|
272 @node Vi Mode, Insert Mode, Emacs Mode, Modes in VIP
|
|
|
273 @subsection Vi Mode
|
|
|
274
|
|
|
275 This mode corresponds to Vi's command mode. Most Vi commands work as they
|
|
|
276 do in Vi. You can go back to emacs mode by typing @kbd{C-z}. You can
|
|
|
277 enter insert mode, just as in Vi, by typing @kbd{i}, @kbd{a} etc.
|
|
|
278
|
|
|
279 @node Insert Mode, Differences from Vi, Vi Mode, Modes in VIP
|
|
|
280 @subsection Insert Mode
|
|
|
281
|
|
|
282 The key bindings in this mode is the same as in the emacs mode except for
|
|
|
283 the following 4 keys. So, you can move around in the buffer and change
|
|
|
284 its content while you are in insert mode.
|
|
|
285
|
|
|
286 @table @kbd
|
|
|
287 @item @key{ESC}
|
|
|
288 @kindex 033 @kbd{ESC} (@code{vip-change-mode-to-vi}) (insert mode)
|
|
|
289 This key will take you back to vi mode.
|
|
|
290 @item C-h
|
|
|
291 @kindex 010 @kbd{C-h} (@code{vip-delete-backward-char}) (insert mode)
|
|
|
292 Delete previous character.
|
|
|
293 @item C-w
|
|
|
294 @kindex 027 @kbd{C-w} (@code{vip-delete-backward-word}) (insert mode)
|
|
|
295 Delete previous word.
|
|
|
296 @item C-z
|
|
|
297 @kindex 032 @kbd{C-z} (@code{vip-ESC}) (insert mode)
|
|
|
298 Typing this key has the same effect as typing @key{ESC} in emacs mode.
|
|
|
299 Thus typing @kbd{C-z x} in insert mode will have the same effect as typing
|
|
|
300 @kbd{ESC x} in emacs mode.
|
|
|
301 @end table
|
|
|
302
|
|
|
303 @node Differences from Vi, Undoing, Insert Mode, Survey
|
|
|
304 @section Differences from Vi
|
|
|
305
|
|
|
306 The major differences from Vi are explained below.
|
|
|
307
|
|
|
308 @menu
|
|
|
309 * Undoing:: You can undo more in VIP.
|
|
|
310 * Changing:: Commands for changing the text.
|
|
|
311 * Searching:: Search commands.
|
|
|
312 * z Command:: You can now use zH, zM and zL as well as z- etc.
|
|
|
313 * Counts:: Some Vi commands which do not accept a count now
|
|
|
314 accept one.
|
|
|
315 * Marking:: You can now mark the current point, beginning of
|
|
|
316 the buffer etc.
|
|
|
317 * Region Commands:: You can now give a region as an argument for delete
|
|
|
318 commands etc.
|
|
|
319 * New Commands:: Some new commands not available in Vi are added.
|
|
|
320 * New Bindings:: Bindings of some keys are changed for the
|
|
|
321 convenience of editing under Emacs.
|
|
|
322 * Window Commands:: Commands for moving among windows etc.
|
|
|
323 * Buffer Commands:: Commands for selecting buffers etc.
|
|
|
324 * File Commands:: Commands for visiting files etc.
|
|
|
325 * Misc Commands:: Other useful commands.
|
|
|
326 @end menu
|
|
|
327
|
|
|
328 @node Undoing, Changing, Differences from Vi, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
329 @subsection Undoing
|
|
|
330
|
|
|
331 @kindex 165 @kbd{u} (@code{vip-undo})
|
|
|
332 @kindex 056 @kbd{.} (@code{vip-repeat})
|
|
|
333
|
|
|
334 You can repeat undoing by the @kbd{.} key. So, @kbd{u} will undo
|
|
|
335 a single change, while @kbd{u .@: .@: .@:}, for instance, will undo 4 previous
|
|
|
336 changes. Undo is undoable as in Vi. So the content of the buffer will
|
|
|
337 be the same before and after @kbd{u u}.@refill
|
|
|
338
|
|
|
339 @node Changing, Searching, Undoing, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
340 @subsection Changing
|
|
|
341
|
|
|
342 Some commands which change a small number of characters are executed
|
|
|
343 slightly differently. Thus, if point is at the beginning of a word
|
|
|
344 @samp{foo} and you wished to change it to @samp{bar} by typing @w{@kbd{c w}},
|
|
|
345 then VIP will prompt you for a new word in the minibuffer by the prompt
|
|
|
346 @samp{foo => }. You can then enter @samp{bar} followed by @key{RET} or
|
|
|
347 @key{ESC} to complete the command. Before you enter @key{RET} or
|
|
|
348 @key{ESC} you can abort the command by typing @kbd{C-g}. In general,
|
|
|
349 @kindex 007 @kbd{C-g} (@code{vip-keyboard-quit})
|
|
|
350 you can abort a partially formed command by typing @kbd{C-g}.@refill
|
|
|
351
|
|
|
352 @node Searching, z Command, Changing, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
353 @subsection Searching
|
|
|
354
|
|
|
355 @kindex 057 @kbd{/} (@code{vip-search-forward})
|
|
|
356 @kindex 077 @kbd{?} (@code{vip-search-backward})
|
|
|
357
|
|
|
358 As in Vi, searching is done by @kbd{/} and @kbd{?}. The string will be
|
|
|
359 searched literally by default. To invoke a regular expression search,
|
|
|
360 first execute the search command @kbd{/} (or @kbd{?}) with empty search
|
|
|
361 string. (I.e, type @kbd{/} followed by @key{RET}.)
|
|
|
362 A search for empty string will toggle the search mode between vanilla
|
|
|
363 search and regular expression search. You cannot give an offset to the
|
|
|
364 search string. (It is a limitation.) By default, search will wrap around
|
|
|
365 the buffer as in Vi. You can change this by rebinding the variable
|
|
|
366 @code{vip-search-wrap-around}. @xref{Customization}, for how to do this.@refill
|
|
|
367
|
|
|
368 @node z Command, Counts, Searching, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
369 @subsection z Command
|
|
|
370
|
|
|
371 @kindex 1723 @kbd{z H} (@code{vip-line-to-top})
|
|
|
372 @kindex 1721 @kbd{z RET} (@code{vip-line-to-top})
|
|
|
373 @kindex 1723 @kbd{z M} (@code{vip-line-to-middle})
|
|
|
374 @kindex 1722 @kbd{z .} (@code{vip-line-to-middle})
|
|
|
375 @kindex 1723 @kbd{z L} (@code{vip-line-to-bottom})
|
|
|
376 @kindex 1722 @kbd{z -} (@code{vip-line-to-bottom})
|
|
|
377
|
|
|
378 For those of you who cannot remember which of @kbd{z} followed by @key{RET},
|
|
|
379 @kbd{.}@: and @kbd{-} do what. You can also use @kbd{z} followed by @kbd{H},
|
|
|
380 @kbd{M} and @kbd{L} to place the current line in the Home (Middle, and
|
|
|
381 Last) line of the window.@refill
|
|
|
382
|
|
|
383 @node Counts, Marking, z Command, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
384 @subsection Counts
|
|
|
385
|
|
|
386 Some Vi commands which do not accept a count now accept one
|
|
|
387
|
|
|
388 @table @kbd
|
|
|
389 @item p
|
|
|
390 @itemx P
|
|
|
391 @kindex 160 @kbd{p} (@code{vip-put-back})
|
|
|
392 @kindex 120 @kbd{P} (@code{vip-Put-back})
|
|
|
393 Given counts, text will be yanked (in Vi's sense) that many times. Thus
|
|
|
394 @kbd{3 p} is the same as @kbd{p p p}.
|
|
|
395 @item o
|
|
|
396 @itemx O
|
|
|
397 @kindex 157 @kbd{o} (@code{vip-open-line})
|
|
|
398 @kindex 117 @kbd{O} (@code{vip-Open-line})
|
|
|
399 Given counts, that many copies of text will be inserted. Thus
|
|
|
400 @kbd{o a b c @key{ESC}} will insert 3 lines of @samp{abc} below the current
|
|
|
401 line.
|
|
|
402 @item /
|
|
|
403 @itemx ?
|
|
|
404 @kindex 057 @kbd{/} (@code{vip-search-forward})
|
|
|
405 @kindex 077 @kbd{?} (@code{vip-search-backward})
|
|
|
406 Given a count @var{n}, @var{n}-th occurrence will be searched.
|
|
|
407 @end table
|
|
|
408
|
|
|
409 @node Marking, Region Commands, Counts, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
410 @subsection Marking
|
|
|
411
|
|
|
412 Typing an @kbd{m} followed by a lower-case character @var{ch} marks the
|
|
|
413 point to the register named @var{ch} as in Vi. In addition to these, we
|
|
|
414 have following key bindings for marking.
|
|
|
415
|
|
|
416 @kindex 155 @kbd{m} (@code{vip-mark-point})
|
|
|
417
|
|
|
418 @table @kbd
|
|
|
419 @item m <
|
|
|
420 Set mark at the beginning of buffer.
|
|
|
421 @item m >
|
|
|
422 Set mark at the end of buffer.
|
|
|
423 @item m .
|
|
|
424 Set mark at point (and push old mark on mark ring).
|
|
|
425 @item m ,
|
|
|
426 Jump to mark (and pop mark off the mark ring).
|
|
|
427 @end table
|
|
|
428
|
|
|
429 @node Region Commands, New Commands, Marking, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
430 @subsection Region Commands
|
|
|
431
|
|
|
432 @cindex region
|
|
|
433
|
|
|
434 Vi operators like @kbd{d}, @kbd{c} etc. are usually used in combination
|
|
|
435 with motion commands. It is now possible to use current region as the
|
|
|
436 argument to these operators. (A @dfn{region} is a part of buffer
|
|
|
437 delimited by point and mark.) The key @kbd{r} is used for this purpose.
|
|
|
438 Thus @kbd{d r} will delete the current region. If @kbd{R} is used instead
|
|
|
439 of @kbd{r} the region will first be enlarged so that it will become the
|
|
|
440 smallest region containing the original region and consisting of whole
|
|
|
441 lines. Thus @kbd{m .@: d R} will have the same effect as @kbd{d d}.@refill
|
|
|
442
|
|
|
443 @node New Commands, New Bindings, Region Commands, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
444 @subsection Some New Commands
|
|
|
445
|
|
|
446 Note that the keys below (except for @kbd{R}) are not used in Vi.
|
|
|
447
|
|
|
448 @table @kbd
|
|
|
449 @item C-a
|
|
|
450 @kindex 001 @kbd{C-a} (@code{vip-beginning-of-line})
|
|
|
451 Move point to the beginning of line.
|
|
|
452 @item C-n
|
|
|
453 @kindex 016 @kbd{C-n} (@code{vip-next-window})
|
|
|
454 If you have two or more windows in the screen, this key will move point to
|
|
|
455 the next window.
|
|
|
456 @item C-o
|
|
|
457 @kindex 017 @kbd{C-o} (@code{vip-open-line-at-point})
|
|
|
458 Insert a newline and leave point before it, and then enter insert mode.
|
|
|
459 @item C-r
|
|
|
460 @kindex 022 @kbd{C-r} (@code{isearch-backward})
|
|
|
461 Backward incremental search.
|
|
|
462 @item C-s
|
|
|
463 @kindex 023 @kbd{C-s} (@code{isearch-forward})
|
|
|
464 Forward incremental search.
|
|
|
465 @item C-c
|
|
|
466 @itemx C-x
|
|
|
467 @itemx @key{ESC}
|
|
|
468 @kindex 003 @kbd{C-c} (@code{vip-ctl-c})
|
|
|
469 @kindex 0300 @kbd{C-x} (@code{vip-ctl-x})
|
|
|
470 @kindex 033 @kbd{ESC} (@code{vip-ESC})
|
|
|
471 These keys will exit from vi mode and return to emacs mode temporarily. If
|
|
|
472 you hit one of these keys, Emacs will be in emacs mode and will believe
|
|
|
473 that you hit that key in emacs mode. For example, if you hit @kbd{C-x}
|
|
|
474 followed by @kbd{2}, then the current window will be split into 2 and you
|
|
|
475 will be in vi mode again.
|
|
|
476 @item \
|
|
|
477 @kindex 134 @kbd{\} (@code{vip-escape-to-emacs})
|
|
|
478 Escape to emacs mode. Hitting @kbd{\} will take you to emacs mode, and you
|
|
|
479 can execute a single Emacs command. After executing the Emacs command you
|
|
|
480 will be in vi mode again. You can give a count before typing @kbd{\}.
|
|
|
481 Thus @kbd{5 \ *}, as well as @kbd{\ C-u 5 *}, will insert @samp{*****}
|
|
|
482 before point. Similarly @kbd{1 0 \ C-p} will move the point 10 lines above
|
|
|
483 the current line.@refill
|
|
|
484 @item K
|
|
|
485 @kindex 113 @kbd{K} (@code{vip-kill-buffer})
|
|
|
486 Kill current buffer if it is not modified. Useful when you selected a
|
|
|
487 buffer which you did not want.
|
|
|
488 @item Q
|
|
|
489 @itemx R
|
|
|
490 @kindex 121 @kbd{Q} (@code{vip-query-replace})
|
|
|
491 @kindex 122 @kbd{R} (@code{vip-replace-string})
|
|
|
492 @kbd{Q} is for query replace and @kbd{R} is for replace. By default,
|
|
|
493 string to be replaced are treated literally. If you wish to do a regular
|
|
|
494 expression replace, first do replace with empty string as the string to be
|
|
|
495 replaced. In this way, you can toggle between vanilla and regular
|
|
|
496 expression replacement.
|
|
|
497 @item v
|
|
|
498 @itemx V
|
|
|
499 @kindex 166 @kbd{v} (@code{vip-find-file})
|
|
|
500 @kindex 126 @kbd{V} (@code{vip-find-file-other-window})
|
|
|
501 These keys are used to Visit files. @kbd{v} will switch to a buffer
|
|
|
502 visiting file whose name can be entered in the minibuffer. @kbd{V} is
|
|
|
503 similar, but will use window different from the current window.
|
|
|
504 @item #
|
|
|
505 @kindex 0430 @kbd{#} (@code{vip-command-argument})
|
|
|
506 If followed by a certain character @var{ch}, it becomes an operator whose
|
|
|
507 argument is the region determined by the motion command that follows.
|
|
|
508 Currently, @var{ch} can be one of @kbd{c}, @kbd{C}, @kbd{g}, @kbd{q} and
|
|
|
509 @kbd{s}.@refill
|
|
|
510 @item # c
|
|
|
511 @kindex 0432 @kbd{# c} (@code{downcase-region})
|
|
|
512 Change upper-case characters in the region to lower case
|
|
|
513 (@code{downcase-region}).
|
|
|
514 @item # C
|
|
|
515 @kindex 0431 @kbd{# C} (@code{upcase-region})
|
|
|
516 Change lower-case characters in the region to upper case. For instance,
|
|
|
517 @kbd{# C 3 w} will capitalize 3 words from the current point
|
|
|
518 (@code{upcase-region}).
|
|
|
519 @item # g
|
|
|
520 @kindex 0432 @kbd{# g} (@code{vip-global-execute})
|
|
|
521 Execute last keyboard macro for each line in the region
|
|
|
522 (@code{vip-global-execute}).@refill
|
|
|
523 @item # q
|
|
|
524 @kindex 0432 @kbd{# q} (@code{vip-quote-region})
|
|
|
525 Insert specified string at the beginning of each line in the region
|
|
|
526 (@code{vip-quote-region}).
|
|
|
527 @item # s
|
|
|
528 @kindex 0432 @kbd{# s} (@code{spell-region})
|
|
|
529 Check spelling of words in the region (@code{spell-region}).
|
|
|
530 @item *
|
|
|
531 @kindex 052 @kbd{*} (@code{vip-call-last-kbd-macro})
|
|
|
532 Call last keyboard macro.
|
|
|
533 @end table
|
|
|
534
|
|
|
535 @node New Bindings, Window Commands, New Commands, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
536 @subsection New Key Bindings
|
|
|
537
|
|
|
538 In VIP the meanings of some keys are entirely different from Vi. These key
|
|
|
539 bindings are done deliberately in the hope that editing under Emacs will
|
|
|
540 become easier. It is however possible to rebind these keys to functions
|
|
|
541 which behave similarly as in Vi. @xref{Customizing Key Bindings}, for
|
|
|
542 details.
|
|
|
543
|
|
|
544 @table @kbd
|
|
|
545 @item C-g
|
|
|
546 @itemx g
|
|
|
547 @kindex 007 @kbd{C-g} (@code{vip-keyboard-quit})
|
|
|
548 @kindex 147 @kbd{g} (@code{vip-info-on-file})
|
|
|
549 In Vi, @kbd{C-g} is used to get information about the file associated to
|
|
|
550 the current buffer. Here, @kbd{g} will do that, and @kbd{C-g} is
|
|
|
551 used to abort a command (this is for compatibility with emacs mode.)
|
|
|
552 @item SPC
|
|
|
553 @itemx @key{RET}
|
|
|
554 @kindex 040 @kbd{SPC} (@code{vip-scroll})
|
|
|
555 @kindex 015 @kbd{RET} (@code{vip-scroll-back})
|
|
|
556 Now these keys will scroll up and down the text of current window.
|
|
|
557 Convenient for viewing the text.
|
|
|
558 @item s
|
|
|
559 @itemx S
|
|
|
560 @kindex 163 @kbd{s} (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer})
|
|
|
561 @kindex 123 @kbd{S} (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer-other-window})
|
|
|
562 They are used to switch to a specified buffer. Useful for switching to
|
|
|
563 already existing buffer since buffer name completion is provided. Also
|
|
|
564 a default buffer will be given as part of the prompt, to which you can
|
|
|
565 switch by just typing @key{RET} key. @kbd{s} is used to select buffer
|
|
|
566 in the current window, while @kbd{S} selects buffer in another window.
|
|
|
567 @item C
|
|
|
568 @itemx X
|
|
|
569 @kindex 103 @kbd{C} (@code{vip-ctl-c-equivalent})
|
|
|
570 @kindex 1300 @kbd{X} (@code{vip-ctl-x-equivalent})
|
|
|
571 These keys will exit from vi mode and return to emacs mode temporarily.
|
|
|
572 If you type @kbd{C} (@kbd{X}), Emacs will be in emacs mode and will believe
|
|
|
573 that you have typed @kbd{C-c} (@kbd{C-x}, resp.) in emacs mode. Moreover,
|
|
|
574 if the following character you type is an upper-case letter, then Emacs
|
|
|
575 will believe that you have typed the corresponding control character.
|
|
|
576 You will be in vi mode again after the command is executed. For example,
|
|
|
577 typing @kbd{X S} in vi mode is the same as typing @kbd{C-x C-s} in emacs
|
|
|
578 mode. You get the same effect by typing @kbd{C-x C-s} in vi mode, but
|
|
|
579 the idea here is that you can execute useful Emacs commands without typing
|
|
|
580 control characters. For example, if you hit @kbd{X} (or @kbd{C-x}) followed
|
|
|
581 by @kbd{2}, then the current window will be split into 2 and you will be in
|
|
|
582 vi mode again.@refill
|
|
|
583 @end table
|
|
|
584
|
|
|
585 In addition to these, @code{ctl-x-map} is slightly modified:
|
|
|
586
|
|
|
587 @kindex 1301 @kbd{X 3} (@code{vip-buffer-in-two-windows})
|
|
|
588
|
|
|
589 @table @kbd
|
|
|
590 @item X 3
|
|
|
591 @itemx C-x 3
|
|
|
592 This is equivalent to @kbd{C-x 1 C-x 2} (1 + 2 = 3).
|
|
|
593 @end table
|
|
|
594
|
|
|
595 @node Window Commands, Buffer Commands, New Bindings, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
596 @subsection Window Commands
|
|
|
597
|
|
|
598 In this and following subsections, we give a summary of key bindings for
|
|
|
599 basic functions related to windows, buffers and files.
|
|
|
600
|
|
|
601 @table @kbd
|
|
|
602 @item C-n
|
|
|
603 @kindex 016 @kbd{C-n} (@code{vip-next-window})
|
|
|
604 Switch to next window.
|
|
|
605 @item X 1
|
|
|
606 @itemx C-x 1
|
|
|
607 @kindex 1301 @kbd{X 1} (@code{delete-other-windows})
|
|
|
608 Delete other windows.
|
|
|
609 @item X 2
|
|
|
610 @itemx C-x 2
|
|
|
611 @kindex 1301 @kbd{X 2} (@code{split-window-vertically})
|
|
|
612 Split current window into two windows.
|
|
|
613 @item X 3
|
|
|
614 @itemx C-x 3
|
|
|
615 @kindex 1301 @kbd{X 3} (@code{vip-buffer-in-two-windows})
|
|
|
616 Show current buffer in two windows.
|
|
|
617 @end table
|
|
|
618
|
|
|
619 @node Buffer Commands, File Commands, Window Commands, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
620 @subsection Buffer Commands
|
|
|
621
|
|
|
622 @table @kbd
|
|
|
623 @item s
|
|
|
624 @kindex 163 @kbd{s} (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer})
|
|
|
625 Switch to the specified buffer in the current window
|
|
|
626 (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer}).
|
|
|
627 @item S
|
|
|
628 @kindex 123 @kbd{S} (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer-other-window})
|
|
|
629 Switch to the specified buffer in another window
|
|
|
630 (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer-other-window}).
|
|
|
631 @item K
|
|
|
632 @kindex 113 @kbd{K} (@code{vip-kill-buffer})
|
|
|
633 Kill the current buffer if it is not modified.
|
|
|
634 @item X S
|
|
|
635 @itemx C-x C-s
|
|
|
636 @kindex 1302 @kbd{X S} (@code{save-buffer})
|
|
|
637 Save the current buffer in the file associated to the buffer.
|
|
|
638 @end table
|
|
|
639
|
|
|
640 @node File Commands, Misc Commands, Buffer Commands, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
641 @subsection File Commands
|
|
|
642
|
|
|
643 @table @kbd
|
|
|
644 @item v
|
|
|
645 @kindex 166 @kbd{v} (@code{vip-find-file})
|
|
|
646 Visit specified file in the current window.
|
|
|
647 @item V
|
|
|
648 @kindex 126 @kbd{V} (@code{vip-find-file-other-window})
|
|
|
649 Visit specified file in another window.
|
|
|
650 @item X W
|
|
|
651 @itemx C-x C-w
|
|
|
652 @kindex 1302 @kbd{X W} (@code{write-file})
|
|
|
653 Write current buffer into the specified file.
|
|
|
654 @item X I
|
|
|
655 @itemx C-x C-i
|
|
|
656 @kindex 1302 @kbd{X I} (@code{insert-file})
|
|
|
657
|
|
|
658 Insert specified file at point.
|
|
|
659 @end table
|
|
|
660
|
|
|
661 @node Misc Commands, Vi Commands, File Commands, Differences from Vi
|
|
|
662 @subsection Miscellaneous Commands
|
|
|
663
|
|
|
664 @table @kbd
|
|
|
665 @item X (
|
|
|
666 @itemx C-x (
|
|
|
667 @kindex 1301 @kbd{X (} (@code{start-kbd-macro})
|
|
|
668 Start remembering keyboard macro.
|
|
|
669 @item X )
|
|
|
670 @itemx C-x )
|
|
|
671 @kindex 1301 @kbd{X )} (@code{end-kbd-macro})
|
|
|
672 Finish remembering keyboard macro.
|
|
|
673 @item *
|
|
|
674 @kindex 052 @kbd{*} (@code{vip-call-last-kbd-macro})
|
|
|
675 Call last remembered keyboard macro.
|
|
|
676 @item X Z
|
|
|
677 @itemx C-x C-z
|
|
|
678 @kindex 1302 @kbd{X Z} (@code{suspend-emacs})
|
|
|
679 Suspend Emacs.
|
|
|
680 @item Z Z
|
|
|
681 Exit Emacs.
|
|
|
682 @itemx Q
|
|
|
683 Query replace.
|
|
|
684 @itemx R
|
|
|
685 Replace.
|
|
|
686 @end table
|
|
|
687
|
|
|
688 @node Vi Commands, Numeric Arguments, Misc Commands, Top
|
|
|
689 @chapter Vi Commands
|
|
|
690
|
|
|
691 This chapter describes Vi commands other than Ex commands implemented in
|
|
|
692 VIP. Except for the last section which discusses insert mode, all the
|
|
|
693 commands described in this chapter are to be used in vi mode.
|
|
|
694
|
|
|
695 @menu
|
|
|
696 * Numeric Arguments:: Many commands accept numeric arguments
|
|
|
697 * Important Keys:: Some very important keys.
|
|
|
698 * Buffers and Windows:: Commands for handling buffers and windows.
|
|
|
699 * Files:: Commands for handling files.
|
|
|
700 * Viewing the Buffer:: How you can view the current buffer.
|
|
|
701 * Mark Commands:: Marking positions in a buffer.
|
|
|
702 * Motion Commands:: Commands for moving point.
|
|
|
703 * Searching and Replacing:: Commands for searching and replacing.
|
|
|
704 * Modifying Commands:: Commands for modifying the buffer.
|
|
|
705 * Other Vi Commands:: Miscellaneous Commands.
|
|
|
706 * Commands in Insert Mode:: Commands for entering insert mode.
|
|
|
707 @end menu
|
|
|
708
|
|
|
709 @node Numeric Arguments, Important Keys, Vi Commands, Vi Commands
|
|
|
710 @section Numeric Arguments
|
|
|
711
|
|
|
712 @cindex numeric arguments
|
|
|
713 @cindex count
|
|
|
714 @kindex 061 @kbd{1} (numeric argument)
|
|
|
715 @kindex 062 @kbd{2} (numeric argument)
|
|
|
716 @kindex 063 @kbd{3} (numeric argument)
|
|
|
717 @kindex 064 @kbd{4} (numeric argument)
|
|
|
718 @kindex 065 @kbd{5} (numeric argument)
|
|
|
719 @kindex 066 @kbd{6} (numeric argument)
|
|
|
720 @kindex 067 @kbd{7} (numeric argument)
|
|
|
721 @kindex 068 @kbd{8} (numeric argument)
|
|
|
722 @kindex 069 @kbd{9} (numeric argument)
|
|
|
723
|
|
|
724 Most Vi commands accept a @dfn{numeric argument} which can be supplied as
|
|
|
725 a prefix to the commands. A numeric argument is also called a @dfn{count}.
|
|
|
726 In many cases, if a count is given, the command is executed that many times.
|
|
|
727 For instance, @kbd{5 d d} deletes 5 lines while simple @kbd{d d} deletes a
|
|
|
728 line. In this manual the metavariable @var{n} will denote a count.@refill
|
|
|
729
|
|
|
730 @node Important Keys, Buffers and Windows, Numeric Arguments, Vi Commands
|
|
|
731 @section Important Keys
|
|
|
732
|
|
|
733 The keys @kbd{C-g} and @kbd{C-l} are unique in that their associated
|
|
|
734 functions are the same in any of emacs, vi and insert mode.
|
|
|
735
|
|
|
736 @table @kbd
|
|
|
737 @item C-g
|
|
|
738 @kindex 007 @kbd{C-g} (@code{vip-keyboard-quit})
|
|
|
739 Quit. Cancel running or partially typed command (@code{keyboard-quit}).
|
|
|
740 @item C-l
|
|
|
741 @kindex 014 @kbd{C-l} (@code{recenter})
|
|
|
742 Clear the screen and reprint everything (@code{recenter}).
|
|
|
743 @end table
|
|
|
744
|
|
|
745 In Emacs many commands are bound to the key strokes that start with
|
|
|
746 @kbd{C-x}, @kbd{C-c} and @key{ESC}. These commands can be
|
|
|
747 accessed from vi mode as easily as from emacs mode.@refill
|
|
|
748
|
|
|
749 @table @kbd
|
|
|
750 @item C-x
|
|
|
751 @itemx C-c
|
|
|
752 @itemx @key{ESC}
|
|
|
753 @kindex 003 @kbd{C-c} (@code{vip-ctl-c})
|
|
|
754 @kindex 0300 @kbd{C-x} (@code{vip-ctl-x})
|
|
|
755 @kindex 033 @kbd{ESC} (@code{vip-ESC})
|
|
|
756 Typing one of these keys have the same effect as typing it in emacs mode.
|
|
|
757 Appropriate command will be executed according as the keys you type after
|
|
|
758 it. You will be in vi mode again after the execution of the command.
|
|
|
759 For instance, if you type @kbd{@key{ESC} <} (in vi mode) then the cursor will
|
|
|
760 move to the beginning of the buffer and you will still be in vi mode.
|
|
|
761 @item C
|
|
|
762 @itemx X
|
|
|
763 @kindex 103 @kbd{C} (@code{vip-ctl-c-equivalent})
|
|
|
764 @kindex 1300 @kbd{X} (@code{vip-ctl-x-equivalent})
|
|
|
765 Typing one of these keys have the effect of typing the corresponding
|
|
|
766 control character in emacs mode. Moreover, if you type an upper-case
|
|
|
767 character following it, that character will also be translated to the
|
|
|
768 corresponding control character. Thus typing @kbd{X W} in vi mode is the
|
|
|
769 same as typing @kbd{C-x C-w} in emacs mode. You will be in vi mode again
|
|
|
770 after the execution of a command.
|
|
|
771 @item \
|
|
|
772 @kindex 134 @kbd{\} (@code{vip-escape-to-emacs})
|
|
|
773 Escape to emacs mode. Hitting the @kbd{\} key will take you to emacs mode,
|
|
|
774 and you can execute a single Emacs command. After executing the
|
|
|
775 Emacs command you will be in vi mode again. You can give a count before
|
|
|
776 typing @kbd{\}. Thus @kbd{5 \ +}, as well as @kbd{\ C-u 5 +}, will insert
|
|
|
777 @samp{+++++} before point.@refill
|
|
|
778 @end table
|
|
|
779
|
|
|
780 @node Buffers and Windows, Files, Important Keys, Vi Commands
|
|
|
781 @section Buffers and Windows
|
|
|
782
|
|
|
783 @cindex buffer
|
|
|
784 @cindex selected buffer
|
|
|
785 @cindex current buffer
|
|
|
786
|
|
|
787 In Emacs the text you edit is stored in a @dfn{buffer}.
|
|
|
788 See GNU Emacs Manual, for details. There is always one @dfn{current}
|
|
|
789 buffer, also called the @dfn{selected buffer}.@refill
|
|
|
790
|
|
|
791 @cindex window
|
|
|
792 @cindex modified (buffer)
|
|
|
793
|
|
|
794 You can see the contents of buffers through @dfn{windows} created by Emacs.
|
|
|
795 When you have multiple windows on the screen only one of them is selected.
|
|
|
796 Each buffer has a unique name, and each window has a mode line which shows
|
|
|
797 the name of the buffer associated with the window and other information
|
|
|
798 about the status of the buffer. You can change the format of the mode
|
|
|
799 line, but normally if you see @samp{**} at the beginning of a mode line it
|
|
|
800 means that the buffer is @dfn{modified}. If you write out the content of
|
|
|
801 the buffer to a file, then the buffer will become not modified. Also if
|
|
|
802 you see @samp{%%} at the beginning of the mode line, it means that the file
|
|
|
803 associated with the buffer is write protected.
|
|
|
804
|
|
|
805 We have the following commands related to windows and buffers.
|
|
|
806
|
|
|
807 @table @kbd
|
|
|
808 @item C-n
|
|
|
809 @kindex 016 @kbd{C-n} (@code{vip-next-window})
|
|
|
810 Move cursor to the next-window (@code{vip-next-window}).
|
|
|
811 @item X 1
|
|
|
812 @kindex 1301 @kbd{X 1} (@code{delete-other-windows})
|
|
|
813 Delete other windows and make the selected window fill the screen
|
|
|
814 @*(@code{delete-other-windows}).
|
|
|
815 @item X 2
|
|
|
816 @kindex 1301 @kbd{X 2} (@code{split-window-vertically})
|
|
|
817 Split current window into two windows (@code{split-window-vertically}).
|
|
|
818 @item X 3
|
|
|
819 @kindex 1301 @kbd{X 3} (@code{vip-buffer-in-two-windows})
|
|
|
820 Show current buffer in two windows.
|
|
|
821 @item s @var{buffer} @key{RET}
|
|
|
822 @kindex 163 @kbd{s} (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer})
|
|
|
823 Select or create a buffer named @var{buffer} (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer}).
|
|
|
824 @item S @var{buffer} @key{RET}
|
|
|
825 @kindex 123 @kbd{S} (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer-other-window})
|
|
|
826 Similar but select a buffer named @var{buffer} in another window
|
|
|
827 @*(@code{vip-switch-to-buffer-other-window}).
|
|
|
828 @item K
|
|
|
829 @kindex 113 @kbd{K} (@code{vip-kill-buffer})
|
|
|
830 Kill the current buffer if it is not modified or if it is not associated
|
|
|
831 with a file @*(@code{vip-kill-buffer}).
|
|
|
832 @item X B
|
|
|
833 @kindex 1302 @kbd{X B} (@code{list-buffers})
|
|
|
834 List the existing buffers (@code{list-buffers}).
|
|
|
835 @end table
|
|
|
836
|
|
|
837 @cindex buffer name completion
|
|
|
838
|
|
|
839 As @dfn{buffer name completion} is provided, you have only to type in
|
|
|
840 initial substring of the buffer name which is sufficient to identify it
|
|
|
841 among names of existing buffers. After that, if you hit @key{TAB} the rest
|
|
|
842 of the buffer name will be supplied by the system, and you can confirm it
|
|
|
843 by @key{RET}. The default buffer name to switch to will also be prompted,
|
|
|
844 and you can select it by giving a simple @key{RET}. See GNU Emacs Manual
|
|
|
845 for details of completion.
|
|
|
846
|
|
|
847 @node Files, Viewing the Buffer, Buffers and Windows, Vi Commands
|
|
|
848 @section Files
|
|
|
849
|
|
|
850 We have the following commands related to files. They are used to visit,
|
|
|
851 save and insert files.
|
|
|
852
|
|
|
853 @table @kbd
|
|
|
854 @item v @var{file} @key{RET}
|
|
|
855 @kindex 166 @kbd{v} (@code{vip-find-file})
|
|
|
856 Visit specified file in the current window (@code{vip-find-file}).
|
|
|
857 @item V @var{file} @key{RET}
|
|
|
858 @kindex 126 @kbd{V} (@code{vip-find-file-other-window})
|
|
|
859 Visit specified file in another window (@code{vip-find-file-other-window}).
|
|
|
860 @item X S
|
|
|
861 @kindex 1302 @kbd{X S} (@code{save-buffer})
|
|
|
862 Save current buffer to the file associated with the buffer. If no file is
|
|
|
863 associated with the buffer, the name of the file to write out the content
|
|
|
864 of the buffer will be asked in the minibuffer.
|
|
|
865 @item X W @var{file} @key{RET}
|
|
|
866 @kindex 1302 @kbd{X W} (@code{write-file})
|
|
|
867 Write current buffer into a specified file.
|
|
|
868 @item X I @var{file} @key{RET}
|
|
|
869 @kindex 1302 @kbd{X I} (@code{insert-file})
|
|
|
870 Insert a specified file at point.
|
|
|
871 @item g
|
|
|
872 @kindex 147 @kbd{g} (@code{vip-info-on-file})
|
|
|
873 Give information on the file associated with the current buffer. Tell you
|
|
|
874 the name of the file associated with the buffer, the line number of the
|
|
|
875 current point and total line numbers in the buffer. If no file is
|
|
|
876 associated with the buffer, this fact will be indicated by the null file
|
|
|
877 name @samp{""}.
|
|
|
878 @end table
|
|
|
879
|
|
|
880 @cindex visiting (a file)
|
|
|
881 @cindex default directory
|
|
|
882
|
|
|
883 In Emacs, you can edit a file by @dfn{visiting} it. If you wish to visit a
|
|
|
884 file in the current window, you can just type @kbd{v}. Emacs maintains the
|
|
|
885 @dfn{default directory} which is specific to each buffer. Suppose, for
|
|
|
886 instance, that the default directory of the current buffer is
|
|
|
887 @file{/usr/masahiko/lisp/}. Then you will get the following prompt in the
|
|
|
888 minibuffer.@refill
|
|
|
889 @example
|
|
|
890 visit file: /usr/masahiko/lisp/
|
|
|
891 @end example
|
|
|
892 @noindent
|
|
|
893 @cindex file name completion
|
|
|
894 If you wish to visit, say, @file{vip.el} in this directory, then you can
|
|
|
895 just type @samp{vip.el} followed by @key{RET}. If the file @file{vip.el}
|
|
|
896 already exists in the directory, Emacs will visit that file, and if not,
|
|
|
897 the file will be created. Emacs will use the file name (@file{vip.el}, in
|
|
|
898 this case) as the name of the buffer visiting the file. In order to make
|
|
|
899 the buffer name unique, Emacs may append @samp{<2>}, @samp{<3>} etc., to
|
|
|
900 the buffer name. As the @dfn{file name completion} is provided here, you
|
|
|
901 can sometime save typing. For instance, suppose there is only one file in the
|
|
|
902 default directory whose name starts with @samp{v}, that is @samp{vip.el}.
|
|
|
903 Then if you just type @kbd{v @key{TAB}} then it will be completed to
|
|
|
904 @samp{vip.el}. Thus, in this case, you just have to type @kbd{v v @key{TAB}
|
|
|
905 @key{RET}} to visit @file{/usr/masahiko/lisp/vip.el}. Continuing the
|
|
|
906 example, let us now suppose that you wished to visit the file
|
|
|
907 @file{/usr/masahiko/man/vip.texinfo}. Then to the same prompt which you get
|
|
|
908 after you typed @kbd{v}, you can enter @samp{/usr/masahiko/man/vip.texinfo} or
|
|
|
909 @samp{../man/vip.texinfo} followed by @key{RET}.
|
|
|
910
|
|
|
911 Use @kbd{V} instead of @kbd{v}, if you wish to visit a file in another
|
|
|
912 window.
|
|
|
913
|
|
|
914 You can verify which file you are editing by typing @kbd{g}. (You can also
|
|
|
915 type @kbd{X B} to get information on other buffers too.) If you type
|
|
|
916 @kbd{g} you will get an information like below in the echo area:@refill
|
|
|
917 @example
|
|
|
918 "/usr/masahiko/man/vip.texinfo" line 921 of 1949
|
|
|
919 @end example
|
|
|
920
|
|
|
921 After you edited the buffer (@samp{vip.texinfo}, in our example) for a while,
|
|
|
922 you may wish to save it in a file. If you wish to save it in the file
|
|
|
923 associated with the buffer (@file{/usr/masahiko/man/vip.texinfo}, in this
|
|
|
924 case), you can just say @kbd{X S}. If you wish to save it in another file,
|
|
|
925 you can type @kbd{X W}. You will then get a similar prompt as you get for
|
|
|
926 @kbd{v}, to which you can enter the file name.@refill
|
|
|
927
|
|
|
928 @node Viewing the Buffer, Mark Commands, Files, Vi Commands
|
|
|
929 @section Viewing the Buffer
|
|
|
930
|
|
|
931 In this and next section we discuss commands for moving around in the
|
|
|
932 buffer. These command do not change the content of the buffer. The
|
|
|
933 following commands are useful for viewing the content of the current
|
|
|
934 buffer.
|
|
|
935
|
|
|
936 @table @kbd
|
|
|
937 @item @key{SPC}
|
|
|
938 @itemx C-f
|
|
|
939 @kindex 040 @kbd{SPC} (@code{vip-scroll})
|
|
|
940 @kindex 006 @kbd{C-f} (@code{vip-scroll-back})
|
|
|
941 Scroll text of current window upward almost full screen. You can go
|
|
|
942 @i{forward} in the buffer by this command (@code{vip-scroll}).
|
|
|
943 @item @key{RET}
|
|
|
944 @itemx C-b
|
|
|
945 @kindex 015 @kbd{RET} (@code{vip-scroll-back})
|
|
|
946 @kindex 002 @kbd{C-b} (@code{vip-scroll-back})
|
|
|
947 Scroll text of current window downward almost full screen. You can go
|
|
|
948 @i{backward} in the buffer by this command (@code{vip-scroll-back}).
|
|
|
949 @itemx C-d
|
|
|
950 @kindex 004 @kbd{C-d} (@code{vip-scroll-up})
|
|
|
951 Scroll text of current window upward half screen. You can go
|
|
|
952 @i{down} in the buffer by this command (@code{vip-scroll-down}).
|
|
|
953 @itemx C-u
|
|
|
954 @kindex 025 @kbd{C-u} (@code{vip-scroll-down})
|
|
|
955 Scroll text of current window downward half screen. You can go
|
|
|
956 @i{up} in the buffer by this command (@code{vip-scroll-up}).
|
|
|
957 @item C-y
|
|
|
958 @kindex 031 @kbd{C-y} (@code{vip-scroll-down-one})
|
|
|
959 Scroll text of current window upward by one line (@code{vip-scroll-down-one}).
|
|
|
960 @item C-e
|
|
|
961 @kindex 005 @kbd{C-e} (@code{vip-scroll-up-one})
|
|
|
962 Scroll text of current window downward by one line (@code{vip-scroll-up-one}).
|
|
|
963 @end table
|
|
|
964 @noindent
|
|
|
965 You can repeat these commands by giving a count. Thus, @kbd{2 @key{SPC}}
|
|
|
966 has the same effect as @kbd{@key{SPC} @key{SPC}}.
|
|
|
967
|
|
|
968 The following commands reposition point in the window.
|
|
|
969
|
|
|
970 @table @kbd
|
|
|
971 @item z H
|
|
|
972 @itemx z @key{RET}
|
|
|
973 @kindex 1723 @kbd{z H} (@code{vip-line-to-top})
|
|
|
974 @kindex 1721 @kbd{z RET} (@code{vip-line-to-top})
|
|
|
975 Put point on the top (@i{home}) line in the window. So the current line
|
|
|
976 becomes the top line in the window. Given a count @var{n}, point will be
|
|
|
977 placed in the @var{n}-th line from top (@code{vip-line-to-top}).
|
|
|
978 @item z M
|
|
|
979 @itemx z .
|
|
|
980 @kindex 1723 @kbd{z M} (@code{vip-line-to-middle})
|
|
|
981 @kindex 1722 @kbd{z .} (@code{vip-line-to-middle})
|
|
|
982 Put point on the @i{middle} line in the window. Given a count @var{n},
|
|
|
983 point will be placed in the @var{n}-th line from the middle line
|
|
|
984 (@code{vip-line-to-middle}).
|
|
|
985 @item z L
|
|
|
986 @itemx z -
|
|
|
987 @kindex 1723 @kbd{z L} (@code{vip-line-to-bottom})
|
|
|
988 @kindex 1722 @kbd{z -} (@code{vip-line-to-bottom})
|
|
|
989 Put point on the @i{bottom} line in the window. Given a count @var{n},
|
|
|
990 point will be placed in the @var{n}-th line from bottom
|
|
|
991 (@code{vip-line-to-bottom}).
|
|
|
992 @item C-l
|
|
|
993 Center point in window and redisplay screen (@code{recenter}).
|
|
|
994 @end table
|
|
|
995
|
|
|
996 @node Mark Commands, Motion Commands, Viewing the Buffer, Vi Commands
|
|
|
997 @section Mark Commands
|
|
|
998
|
|
|
999 The following commands are used to mark positions in the buffer.
|
|
|
1000
|
|
|
1001 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1002 @item m @var{ch}
|
|
|
1003 @kindex 155 @kbd{m} (@code{vip-mark-point})
|
|
|
1004 Store current point in the register @var{ch}. @var{ch} must be a
|
|
|
1005 lower-case @acronym{ASCII} letter.
|
|
|
1006 @item m <
|
|
|
1007 Set mark at the beginning of current buffer.
|
|
|
1008 @item m >
|
|
|
1009 Set mark at the end of current buffer.
|
|
|
1010 @item m .
|
|
|
1011 Set mark at point.
|
|
|
1012 @item m ,
|
|
|
1013 Jump to mark (and pop mark off the mark ring).
|
|
|
1014 @end table
|
|
|
1015
|
|
|
1016 @cindex mark ring
|
|
|
1017
|
|
|
1018 Emacs uses the @dfn{mark ring} to store marked positions. The commands
|
|
|
1019 @kbd{m <}, @kbd{m >} and @kbd{m .}@: not only set mark but also add it as the
|
|
|
1020 latest element of the mark ring (replacing the oldest one). By repeating
|
|
|
1021 the command `@kbd{m ,}' you can visit older and older marked positions. You
|
|
|
1022 will eventually be in a loop as the mark ring is a ring.
|
|
|
1023
|
|
|
1024 @node Motion Commands, Searching and Replacing, Mark Commands, Vi Commands
|
|
|
1025 @section Motion Commands
|
|
|
1026
|
|
|
1027 Commands for moving around in the current buffer are collected here. These
|
|
|
1028 commands are used as an `argument' for the delete, change and yank commands
|
|
|
1029 to be described in the next section.
|
|
|
1030
|
|
|
1031 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1032 @item h
|
|
|
1033 @kindex 150 @kbd{h} (@code{vip-backward-char})
|
|
|
1034 Move point backward by one character. Signal error if point is at the
|
|
|
1035 beginning of buffer, but (unlike Vi) do not complain otherwise
|
|
|
1036 (@code{vip-backward-char}).
|
|
|
1037 @item l
|
|
|
1038 @kindex 154 @kbd{l} (@code{vip-forward-char})
|
|
|
1039 Move point backward by one character. Signal error if point is at the
|
|
|
1040 end of buffer, but (unlike Vi) do not complain otherwise
|
|
|
1041 (@code{vip-forward-char}).
|
|
|
1042 @item j
|
|
|
1043 @kindex 152 @kbd{j} (@code{vip-next-line})
|
|
|
1044 Move point to the next line keeping the current column. If point is on the
|
|
|
1045 last line of the buffer, a new line will be created and point will move to
|
|
|
1046 that line (@code{vip-next-line}).
|
|
|
1047 @item k
|
|
|
1048 @kindex 153 @kbd{k} (@code{vip-previous-line})
|
|
|
1049 Move point to the previous line keeping the current column
|
|
|
1050 (@code{vip-next-line}).
|
|
|
1051 @item +
|
|
|
1052 @kindex 053 @kbd{+} (@code{vip-next-line-at-bol})
|
|
|
1053 Move point to the next line at the first non-white character. If point is
|
|
|
1054 on the last line of the buffer, a new line will be created and point will
|
|
|
1055 move to the beginning of that line (@code{vip-next-line-at-bol}).
|
|
|
1056 @item -
|
|
|
1057 @kindex 055 @kbd{-} (@code{vip-previous-line-at-bol})
|
|
|
1058 Move point to the previous line at the first non-white character
|
|
|
1059 (@code{vip-previous-line-at-bol}).
|
|
|
1060 @end table
|
|
|
1061 @noindent
|
|
|
1062 If a count is given to these commands, the commands will be repeated that
|
|
|
1063 many times.
|
|
|
1064
|
|
|
1065 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1066 @item 0
|
|
|
1067 @kindex 060 @kbd{0} (@code{vip-beginning-of-line})
|
|
|
1068 Move point to the beginning of line (@code{vip-beginning-of-line}).
|
|
|
1069 @item ^
|
|
|
1070 @kindex 136 @kbd{^} (@code{vip-bol-and-skip-white})
|
|
|
1071 Move point to the first non-white character on the line
|
|
|
1072 (@code{vip-bol-and-skip-white}).
|
|
|
1073 @item $
|
|
|
1074 @kindex 044 @kbd{$} (@code{vip-goto-eol})
|
|
|
1075 Move point to the end of line (@code{vip-goto-eol}).
|
|
|
1076 @item @var{n} |
|
|
|
1077 @kindex 174 @kbd{|} (@code{vip-goto-col})
|
|
|
1078 Move point to the @var{n}-th column on the line (@code{vip-goto-col}).
|
|
|
1079 @end table
|
|
|
1080 @noindent
|
|
|
1081 Except for the @kbd{|} command, these commands neglect a count.
|
|
|
1082
|
|
|
1083 @cindex word
|
|
|
1084
|
|
|
1085 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1086 @item w
|
|
|
1087 @kindex 167 @kbd{w} (@code{vip-forward-word})
|
|
|
1088 Move point forward to the beginning of the next word
|
|
|
1089 (@code{vip-forward-word}).
|
|
|
1090 @item W
|
|
|
1091 @kindex 127 @kbd{W} (@code{vip-forward-Word})
|
|
|
1092 Move point forward to the beginning of the next word, where a @dfn{word} is
|
|
|
1093 considered as a sequence of non-white characters (@code{vip-forward-Word}).
|
|
|
1094 @item b
|
|
|
1095 @kindex 142 @kbd{b} (@code{vip-backward-word})
|
|
|
1096 Move point backward to the beginning of a word (@code{vip-backward-word}).
|
|
|
1097 @item B
|
|
|
1098 @kindex 102 @kbd{B} (@code{vip-backward-Word})
|
|
|
1099 Move point backward to the beginning of a word, where a @i{word} is
|
|
|
1100 considered as a sequence of non-white characters (@code{vip-forward-Word}).
|
|
|
1101 @item e
|
|
|
1102 @kindex 145 @kbd{e} (@code{vip-end-of-word})
|
|
|
1103 Move point forward to the end of a word (@code{vip-end-of-word}).
|
|
|
1104 @item E
|
|
|
1105 @kindex 105 @kbd{E} (@code{vip-end-of-Word})
|
|
|
1106 Move point forward to the end of a word, where a @i{word} is
|
|
|
1107 considered as a sequence of non-white characters (@code{vip-end-of-Word}).
|
|
|
1108 @end table
|
|
|
1109 @noindent
|
|
|
1110 @cindex syntax table
|
|
|
1111 Here the meaning of the word `word' for the @kbd{w}, @kbd{b} and @kbd{e}
|
|
|
1112 commands is determined by the @dfn{syntax table} effective in the current
|
|
|
1113 buffer. Each major mode has its syntax mode, and therefore the meaning of
|
|
|
1114 a word also changes as the major mode changes. See GNU Emacs Manual for
|
|
|
1115 details of syntax table.
|
|
|
1116
|
|
|
1117 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1118 @item H
|
|
|
1119 @kindex 110 @kbd{H} (@code{vip-window-top})
|
|
|
1120 Move point to the beginning of the @i{home} (top) line of the window.
|
|
|
1121 Given a count @var{n}, go to the @var{n}-th line from top
|
|
|
1122 (@code{vip-window-top}).
|
|
|
1123 @item M
|
|
|
1124 @kindex 115 @kbd{M} (@code{vip-window-middle})
|
|
|
1125 Move point to the beginning of the @i{middle} line of the window. Given
|
|
|
1126 a count @var{n}, go to the @var{n}-th line from the middle line
|
|
|
1127 (@code{vip-window-middle}).
|
|
|
1128 @item L
|
|
|
1129 @kindex 114 @kbd{L} (@code{vip-window-bottom})
|
|
|
1130 Move point to the beginning of the @i{lowest} (bottom) line of the
|
|
|
1131 window. Given count, go to the @var{n}-th line from bottom
|
|
|
1132 (@code{vip-window-bottom}).
|
|
|
1133 @end table
|
|
|
1134 @noindent
|
|
|
1135 These commands can be used to go to the desired line visible on the screen.
|
|
|
1136
|
|
|
1137 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1138 @item (
|
|
|
1139 @kindex 050 @kbd{(} (@code{vip-backward-sentence})
|
|
|
1140 Move point backward to the beginning of the sentence
|
|
|
1141 (@code{vip-backward-sentence}).
|
|
|
1142 @item )
|
|
|
1143 @kindex 051 @kbd{)} (@code{vip-forward-sentence})
|
|
|
1144 Move point forward to the end of the sentence
|
|
|
1145 (@code{vip-forward-sentence}).
|
|
|
1146 @item @{
|
|
|
1147 @kindex 173 @kbd{@{} (@code{vip-backward-paragraph})
|
|
|
1148 Move point backward to the beginning of the paragraph
|
|
|
1149 (@code{vip-backward-paragraph}).
|
|
|
1150 @item @}
|
|
|
1151 @kindex 175 @kbd{@}} (@code{vip-forward-paragraph})
|
|
|
1152 Move point forward to the end of the paragraph
|
|
|
1153 (@code{vip-forward-paragraph}).
|
|
|
1154 @end table
|
|
|
1155 @noindent
|
|
|
1156 A count repeats the effect for these commands.
|
|
|
1157
|
|
|
1158 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1159 @item G
|
|
|
1160 @kindex 107 @kbd{G} (@code{vip-goto-line})
|
|
|
1161 Given a count @var{n}, move point to the @var{n}-th line in the buffer on
|
|
|
1162 the first non-white character. Without a count, go to the end of the buffer
|
|
|
1163 (@code{vip-goto-line}).
|
|
|
1164 @item ` `
|
|
|
1165 @kindex 140 @kbd{`} (@code{vip-goto-mark})
|
|
|
1166 Exchange point and mark (@code{vip-goto-mark}).
|
|
|
1167 @item ` @var{ch}
|
|
|
1168 Move point to the position stored in the register @var{ch}. @var{ch} must
|
|
|
1169 be a lower-case letter.
|
|
|
1170 @item ' '
|
|
|
1171 @kindex 047 @kbd{'} (@code{vip-goto-mark-and-skip-white})
|
|
|
1172 Exchange point and mark, and then move point to the first non-white
|
|
|
1173 character on the line (@code{vip-goto-mark-and-skip-white}).
|
|
|
1174 @item ' @var{ch}
|
|
|
1175 Move point to the position stored in the register @var{ch} and skip to the
|
|
|
1176 first non-white character on the line. @var{ch} must be a lower-case letter.
|
|
|
1177 @item %
|
|
|
1178 @kindex 045 @kbd{%} (@code{vip-paren-match})
|
|
|
1179 Move point to the matching parenthesis if point is looking at @kbd{(},
|
|
|
1180 @kbd{)}, @kbd{@{}, @kbd{@}}, @kbd{[} or @kbd{]}
|
|
|
1181 @*(@code{vip-paren-match}).
|
|
|
1182 @end table
|
|
|
1183 @noindent
|
|
|
1184 The command @kbd{G} mark point before move, so that you can return to the
|
|
|
1185 original point by @kbd{` `}. The original point will also be stored in
|
|
|
1186 the mark ring.
|
|
|
1187
|
|
|
1188 The following commands are useful for moving points on the line. A count
|
|
|
1189 will repeat the effect.
|
|
|
1190
|
|
|
1191 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1192 @item f @var{ch}
|
|
|
1193 @kindex 146 @kbd{f} (@code{vip-find-char-forward})
|
|
|
1194 Move point forward to the character @var{ch} on the line. Signal error if
|
|
|
1195 @var{ch} could not be found (@code{vip-find-char-forward}).
|
|
|
1196 @item F @var{ch}
|
|
|
1197 @kindex 106 @kbd{F} (@code{vip-find-char-backward})
|
|
|
1198 Move point backward to the character @var{ch} on the line. Signal error if
|
|
|
1199 @var{ch} could not be found (@code{vip-find-char-backward}).
|
|
|
1200 @item t @var{ch}
|
|
|
1201 @kindex 164 @kbd{t} (@code{vip-goto-char-forward})
|
|
|
1202 Move point forward upto the character @var{ch} on the line. Signal error if
|
|
|
1203 @var{ch} could not be found (@code{vip-goto-char-forward}).
|
|
|
1204 @item T @var{ch}
|
|
|
1205 @kindex 124 @kbd{T} (@code{vip-goto-char-backward})
|
|
|
1206 Move point backward upto the character @var{ch} on the line. Signal error if
|
|
|
1207 @var{ch} could not be found (@code{vip-goto-char-backward}).
|
|
|
1208 @item ;
|
|
|
1209 @kindex 073 @kbd{;} (@code{vip-repeat-find})
|
|
|
1210 Repeat previous @kbd{f}, @kbd{t}, @kbd{F} or @kbd{T} command
|
|
|
1211 (@code{vip-repeat-find}).
|
|
|
1212 @item ,
|
|
|
1213 @kindex 054 @kbd{,} (@code{vip-repeat-find-opposite})
|
|
|
1214 Repeat previous @kbd{f}, @kbd{t}, @kbd{F} or @kbd{T} command, in the
|
|
|
1215 opposite direction (@code{vip-repeat-find-opposite}).
|
|
|
1216 @end table
|
|
|
1217
|
|
|
1218 @node Searching and Replacing, Modifying Commands, Motion Commands, Vi Commands
|
|
|
1219 @section Searching and Replacing
|
|
|
1220
|
|
|
1221 Following commands are available for searching and replacing.
|
|
|
1222
|
|
|
1223 @cindex regular expression (search)
|
|
|
1224
|
|
|
1225 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1226 @item / @var{string} @key{RET}
|
|
|
1227 @kindex 057 @kbd{/} (@code{vip-search-forward})
|
|
|
1228 Search the first occurrence of the string @var{string} forward starting
|
|
|
1229 from point. Given a count @var{n}, the @var{n}-th occurrence of
|
|
|
1230 @var{string} will be searched. If the variable @code{vip-re-search} has value
|
|
|
1231 @code{t} then @dfn{regular expression} search is done and the string
|
|
|
1232 matching the regular expression @var{string} is found. If you give an
|
|
|
1233 empty string as @var{string} then the search mode will change from vanilla
|
|
|
1234 search to regular expression search and vice versa
|
|
|
1235 (@code{vip-search-forward}).
|
|
|
1236 @item ? @var{string} @key{RET}
|
|
|
1237 @kindex 077 @kbd{?} (@code{vip-search-backward})
|
|
|
1238 Same as @kbd{/}, except that search is done backward
|
|
|
1239 (@code{vip-search-backward}).
|
|
|
1240 @item n
|
|
|
1241 @kindex 156 @kbd{n} (@code{vip-search-next})
|
|
|
1242 Search the previous search pattern in the same direction as before
|
|
|
1243 (@code{vip-search-next}).
|
|
|
1244 @item N
|
|
|
1245 @kindex 116 @kbd{N} (@code{vip-search-Next})
|
|
|
1246 Search the previous search pattern in the opposite direction
|
|
|
1247 (@code{vip-search-Next}).
|
|
|
1248 @item C-s
|
|
|
1249 @kindex 023 @kbd{C-s} (@code{isearch-forward})
|
|
|
1250 Search forward incrementally. See GNU Emacs Manual for details
|
|
|
1251 (@code{isearch-forward}).
|
|
|
1252 @item C-r
|
|
|
1253 @kindex 022 @kbd{C-r} (@code{isearch-backward})
|
|
|
1254 Search backward incrementally (@code{isearch-backward}).
|
|
|
1255 @cindex vanilla (replacement)
|
|
|
1256 @cindex regular expression (replacement)
|
|
|
1257 @item R @var{string} RET @var{newstring}
|
|
|
1258 @kindex 122 @kbd{R} (@code{vip-replace-string})
|
|
|
1259 There are two modes of replacement, @dfn{vanilla} and @dfn{regular expression}.
|
|
|
1260 If the mode is @i{vanilla} you will get a prompt @samp{Replace string:},
|
|
|
1261 and if the mode is @i{regular expression} you will ge a prompt
|
|
|
1262 @samp{Replace regexp:}. The mode is initially @i{vanilla}, but you can
|
|
|
1263 toggle these modes by giving a null string as @var{string}. If the mode is
|
|
|
1264 vanilla, this command replaces every occurrence of @var{string} with
|
|
|
1265 @var{newstring}. If the mode is regular expression, @var{string} is
|
|
|
1266 treated as a regular expression and every string matching the regular
|
|
|
1267 expression is replaced with @var{newstring} (@code{vip-replace-string}).
|
|
|
1268 @item Q @var{string} RET @var{newstring}
|
|
|
1269 @kindex 121 @kbd{Q} (@code{vip-query-replace})
|
|
|
1270 Same as @kbd{R} except that you will be asked form confirmation before each
|
|
|
1271 replacement
|
|
|
1272 @*(@code{vip-query-replace}).
|
|
|
1273 @item r @var{ch}
|
|
|
1274 @kindex 162 @kbd{r} (@code{vip-replace-char})
|
|
|
1275 Replace the character point is looking at by the character @var{ch}. Give
|
|
|
1276 count, replace that many characters by @var{ch} (@code{vip-replace-char}).
|
|
|
1277 @end table
|
|
|
1278 @noindent
|
|
|
1279 The commands @kbd{/} and @kbd{?} mark point before move, so that you can
|
|
|
1280 return to the original point by @w{@kbd{` `}}.
|
|
|
1281
|
|
|
1282 @node Modifying Commands, Delete Commands, Searching and Replacing, Vi Commands
|
|
|
1283 @section Modifying Commands
|
|
|
1284
|
|
|
1285 In this section, commands for modifying the content of a buffer are
|
|
|
1286 described. These commands affect the region determined by a motion command
|
|
|
1287 which is given to the commands as their argument.
|
|
|
1288
|
|
|
1289 @cindex point commands
|
|
|
1290 @cindex line commands
|
|
|
1291
|
|
|
1292 We classify motion commands into @dfn{point commands} and
|
|
|
1293 @dfn{line commands}. The point commands are as follows:
|
|
|
1294 @example
|
|
|
1295 @kbd{h}, @kbd{l}, @kbd{0}, @kbd{^}, @kbd{$}, @kbd{w}, @kbd{W}, @kbd{b}, @kbd{B}, @kbd{e}, @kbd{E}, @kbd{(}, @kbd{)}, @kbd{/}, @kbd{?}, @kbd{`}, @kbd{f}, @kbd{F}, @kbd{t}, @kbd{T}, @kbd{%}, @kbd{;}, @kbd{,}
|
|
|
1296 @end example
|
|
|
1297 @noindent
|
|
|
1298 The line commands are as follows:
|
|
|
1299 @example
|
|
|
1300 @kbd{j}, @kbd{k}, @kbd{+}, @kbd{-}, @kbd{H}, @kbd{M}, @kbd{L}, @kbd{@{}, @kbd{@}}, @kbd{G}, @kbd{'}
|
|
|
1301 @end example
|
|
|
1302 @noindent
|
|
|
1303 @cindex expanding (region)
|
|
|
1304 If a point command is given as an argument to a modifying command, the
|
|
|
1305 region determined by the point command will be affected by the modifying
|
|
|
1306 command. On the other hand, if a line command is given as an argument to a
|
|
|
1307 modifying command, the region determined by the line command will be
|
|
|
1308 enlarged so that it will become the smallest region properly containing the
|
|
|
1309 region and consisting of whole lines (we call this process @dfn{expanding
|
|
|
1310 the region}), and then the enlarged region will be affected by the modifying
|
|
|
1311 command.
|
|
|
1312
|
|
|
1313 @menu
|
|
|
1314 * Delete Commands:: Commands for deleting text.
|
|
|
1315 * Yank Commands:: Commands for yanking text in Vi's sense.
|
|
|
1316 * Put Back Commands:: Commands for putting back deleted/yanked text.
|
|
|
1317 * Change Commands:: Commands for changing text.
|
|
|
1318 * Repeating and Undoing Modifications::
|
|
|
1319 @end menu
|
|
|
1320 @node Delete Commands, Yank Commands, Modifying Commands, Modifying Commands
|
|
|
1321 @subsection Delete Commands
|
|
|
1322
|
|
|
1323 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1324 @item d @var{motion-command}
|
|
|
1325 @kindex 1440 @kbd{d} (@code{vip-command-argument})
|
|
|
1326 Delete the region determined by the motion command @var{motion-command}.
|
|
|
1327 @end table
|
|
|
1328 @noindent
|
|
|
1329 For example, @kbd{d $} will delete the region between point and end of
|
|
|
1330 current line since @kbd{$} is a point command that moves point to end of line.
|
|
|
1331 @kbd{d G} will delete the region between the beginning of current line and
|
|
|
1332 end of the buffer, since @kbd{G} is a line command. A count given to the
|
|
|
1333 command above will become the count for the associated motion command.
|
|
|
1334 Thus, @kbd{3 d w} will delete three words.
|
|
|
1335
|
|
|
1336 @kindex 042 @kbd{"} (@code{vip-command-argument})
|
|
|
1337 It is also possible to save the deleted text into a register you specify.
|
|
|
1338 For example, you can say @kbd{" t 3 d w} to delete three words and save it
|
|
|
1339 to register @kbd{t}. The name of a register is a lower-case letter between
|
|
|
1340 @kbd{a} and @kbd{z}. If you give an upper-case letter as an argument to
|
|
|
1341 a delete command, then the deleted text will be appended to the content of
|
|
|
1342 the register having the corresponding lower-case letter as its name. So,
|
|
|
1343 @kbd{" T d w} will delete a word and append it to register @kbd{t}. Other
|
|
|
1344 modifying commands also accept a register name as their argument, and we
|
|
|
1345 will not repeat similar explanations.
|
|
|
1346
|
|
|
1347 We have more delete commands as below.
|
|
|
1348
|
|
|
1349 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1350 @item d d
|
|
|
1351 @kindex 1442 @kbd{d d}
|
|
|
1352 Delete a line. Given a count @var{n}, delete @var{n} lines.
|
|
|
1353 @item d r
|
|
|
1354 @kindex 1442 @kbd{d r}
|
|
|
1355 Delete current region.
|
|
|
1356 @item d R
|
|
|
1357 @kindex 1441 @kbd{d R}
|
|
|
1358 Expand current region and delete it.
|
|
|
1359 @item D
|
|
|
1360 @kindex 104 @kbd{D} (@code{vip-kill-line})
|
|
|
1361 Delete to the end of a line (@code{vip-kill-line}).
|
|
|
1362 @item x
|
|
|
1363 @kindex 170 @kbd{x} (@code{vip-delete-char})
|
|
|
1364 Delete a character after point. Given @var{n}, delete @var{n} characters
|
|
|
1365 (@code{vip-delete-char}).
|
|
|
1366 @item @key{DEL}
|
|
|
1367 @kindex 177 @kbd{DEL} (@code{vip-delete-backward-char})
|
|
|
1368 Delete a character before point. Given @var{n}, delete @var{n} characters
|
|
|
1369 (@code{vip-delete-backward-char}).
|
|
|
1370 @end table
|
|
|
1371
|
|
|
1372 @node Yank Commands, Put Back Commands, Delete Commands, Modifying Commands
|
|
|
1373 @subsection Yank Commands
|
|
|
1374
|
|
|
1375 @cindex yank
|
|
|
1376
|
|
|
1377 Yank commands @dfn{yank} a text of buffer into a (usually anonymous) register.
|
|
|
1378 Here the word `yank' is used in Vi's sense. Thus yank commands do not
|
|
|
1379 alter the content of the buffer, and useful only in combination with
|
|
|
1380 commands that put back the yanked text into the buffer.
|
|
|
1381
|
|
|
1382 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1383 @item y @var{motion-command}
|
|
|
1384 @kindex 1710 @kbd{y} (@code{vip-command-argument})
|
|
|
1385 Yank the region determined by the motion command @var{motion-command}.
|
|
|
1386 @end table
|
|
|
1387 @noindent
|
|
|
1388 For example, @kbd{y $} will yank the text between point and the end of line
|
|
|
1389 into an anonymous register, while @kbd{"c y $} will yank the same text into
|
|
|
1390 register @kbd{c}.
|
|
|
1391
|
|
|
1392 Use the following command to yank consecutive lines of text.
|
|
|
1393
|
|
|
1394 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1395 @item y y
|
|
|
1396 @itemx Y
|
|
|
1397 @kindex 131 @kbd{Y} (@code{vip-yank-line})
|
|
|
1398 @kindex 1712 @kbd{y y} (@code{vip-yank-line})
|
|
|
1399 Yank a line. Given @var{n}, yank @var{n} lines (@code{vip-yank-line}).
|
|
|
1400 @item y r
|
|
|
1401 @kindex 1712 @kbd{y r}
|
|
|
1402 Yank current region.
|
|
|
1403 @item y R
|
|
|
1404 @kindex 1711 @kbd{y R}
|
|
|
1405 Expand current region and yank it.
|
|
|
1406 @end table
|
|
|
1407
|
|
|
1408 @node Put Back Commands, Change Commands, Yank Commands, Modifying Commands
|
|
|
1409 @subsection Put Back Commands
|
|
|
1410 Deleted or yanked texts can be put back into the buffer by the command
|
|
|
1411 below.
|
|
|
1412
|
|
|
1413 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1414 @item p
|
|
|
1415 @kindex 160 @kbd{p} (@code{vip-put-back})
|
|
|
1416 Insert, after the character point is looking at, most recently
|
|
|
1417 deleted/yanked text from anonymous register. Given a register name
|
|
|
1418 argument, the content of the named register will be put back. Given a
|
|
|
1419 count, the command will be repeated that many times. This command also
|
|
|
1420 checks if the text to put back ends with a new line character, and if so
|
|
|
1421 the text will be put below the current line (@code{vip-put-back}).
|
|
|
1422 @item P
|
|
|
1423 @kindex 120 @kbd{P} (@code{vip-Put-back})
|
|
|
1424 Insert at point most recently deleted/yanked text from anonymous register.
|
|
|
1425 Given a register name argument, the content of the named register will
|
|
|
1426 be put back. Given a count, the command will be repeated that many times.
|
|
|
1427 This command also checks if the text to put back ends with a new line
|
|
|
1428 character, and if so the text will be put above the current line rather
|
|
|
1429 than at point (@code{vip-Put-back}).
|
|
|
1430 @end table
|
|
|
1431 @noindent
|
|
|
1432 @cindex number register
|
|
|
1433 Thus, @kbd{" c p} will put back the content of the register @kbd{c} into the
|
|
|
1434 buffer. It is also possible to specify @dfn{number register} which is a
|
|
|
1435 numeral between @kbd{1} and @kbd{9}. If the number register @var{n} is
|
|
|
1436 specified, @var{n}-th previously deleted/yanked text will be put back. It
|
|
|
1437 is an error to specify a number register for the delete/yank commands.
|
|
|
1438
|
|
|
1439 @node Change Commands, Repeating and Undoing Modifications, Put Back Commands, Modifying Commands
|
|
|
1440 @subsection Change Commands
|
|
|
1441
|
|
|
1442 Most commonly used change command takes the following form.
|
|
|
1443
|
|
|
1444 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1445 @item c @var{motion-command}
|
|
|
1446 @kindex 1430 @kbd{c} (@code{vip-command-argument})
|
|
|
1447 Replace the content of the region determined by the motion command
|
|
|
1448 @var{motion-command} by the text you type. If the motion command is a
|
|
|
1449 point command then you will type the text into minibuffer, and if the
|
|
|
1450 motion command is a line command then the region will be deleted first and
|
|
|
1451 you can insert the text in @var{insert mode}.
|
|
|
1452 @end table
|
|
|
1453 @noindent
|
|
|
1454 For example, if point is at the beginning of a word @samp{foo} and you
|
|
|
1455 wish to change it to @samp{bar}, you can type @kbd{c w}. Then, as @kbd{w}
|
|
|
1456 is a point command, you will get the prompt @samp{foo =>} in the
|
|
|
1457 minibuffer, for which you can type @kbd{b a r @key{RET}} to complete the change
|
|
|
1458 command.@refill
|
|
|
1459
|
|
|
1460 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1461 @item c c
|
|
|
1462 @kindex 1432 @kbd{c c}
|
|
|
1463 Change a line. Given a count, that many lines are changed.
|
|
|
1464 @item c r
|
|
|
1465 @kindex 1432 @kbd{c r}
|
|
|
1466 Change current region.
|
|
|
1467 @item c R
|
|
|
1468 @kindex 1431 @kbd{c R}
|
|
|
1469 Expand current region and change it.
|
|
|
1470 @end table
|
|
|
1471
|
|
|
1472 @node Repeating and Undoing Modifications, Other Vi Commands, Change Commands, Modifying Commands
|
|
|
1473 @subsection Repeating and Undoing Modifications
|
|
|
1474
|
|
|
1475 VIP records the previous modifying command, so that it is easy to repeat
|
|
|
1476 it. It is also very easy to undo changes made by modifying commands.
|
|
|
1477
|
|
|
1478 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1479 @item u
|
|
|
1480 @kindex 165 @kbd{u} (@code{vip-undo})
|
|
|
1481 Undo the last change. You can undo more by repeating undo by the repeat
|
|
|
1482 command @samp{.}. For example, you can undo 5 previous changes by typing
|
|
|
1483 @samp{u....}. If you type @samp{uu}, then the second @samp{u} undoes the
|
|
|
1484 first undo command (@code{vip-undo}).
|
|
|
1485 @item .
|
|
|
1486 @kindex 056 @kbd{.} (@code{vip-repeat})
|
|
|
1487 Repeat the last modifying command. Given count @var{n} it becomes the new
|
|
|
1488 count for the repeated command. Otherwise, the count for the last
|
|
|
1489 modifying command is used again (@code{vip-repeat}).
|
|
|
1490 @end table
|
|
|
1491
|
|
|
1492 @node Other Vi Commands, Commands in Insert Mode, Repeating and Undoing Modifications, Vi Commands
|
|
|
1493 @section Other Vi Commands
|
|
|
1494
|
|
|
1495 Miscellaneous Vi commands are collected here.
|
|
|
1496
|
|
|
1497 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1498 @item Z Z
|
|
|
1499 @kindex 132 @kbd{Z Z} (@code{save-buffers-kill-emacs})
|
|
|
1500 Exit Emacs. If modified buffers exist, you will be asked whether you wish
|
|
|
1501 to save them or not (@code{save-buffers-kill-emacs}).
|
|
|
1502 @item !@: @var{motion-command} @var{format-command}
|
|
|
1503 @itemx @var{n} !@: !@: @var{format-command}
|
|
|
1504 @kindex 041 @kbd{!} (@code{vip-command-argument})
|
|
|
1505 The region determined by the motion command @var{motion-command} will be
|
|
|
1506 given to the shell command @var{format-command} and the region will be
|
|
|
1507 replaced by its output. If a count is given, it will be passed to
|
|
|
1508 @var{motion-command}. For example, @samp{3!Gsort} will sort the region
|
|
|
1509 between point and the 3rd line. If @kbd{!} is used instead of
|
|
|
1510 @var{motion-command} then @var{n} lines will be processed by
|
|
|
1511 @var{format-command} (@code{vip-command-argument}).
|
|
|
1512 @item J
|
|
|
1513 @kindex 112 @kbd{J} (@code{vip-join-lines})
|
|
|
1514 Join two lines. Given count, join that many lines. A space will be
|
|
|
1515 inserted at each junction (@code{vip-join-lines}).
|
|
|
1516 @item < @var{motion-command}
|
|
|
1517 @itemx @var{n} < <
|
|
|
1518 @kindex 074 @kbd{<} (@code{vip-command-argument})
|
|
|
1519 Shift region determined by the motion command @var{motion-command} to
|
|
|
1520 left by @var{shift-width} (default is 8). If @kbd{<} is used instead of
|
|
|
1521 @var{motion-command} then shift @var{n} lines
|
|
|
1522 @*(@code{vip-command-argument}).
|
|
|
1523 @item > @var{motion-command}
|
|
|
1524 @itemx @var{n} > >
|
|
|
1525 @kindex 076 @kbd{>} (@code{vip-command-argument})
|
|
|
1526 Shift region determined by the motion command @var{motion-command} to
|
|
|
1527 right by @var{shift-width} (default is 8). If @kbd{<} is used instead of
|
|
|
1528 @var{motion-command} then shift @var{n} lines
|
|
|
1529 @*(@code{vip-command-argument}).
|
|
|
1530 @item = @var{motion-command}
|
|
|
1531 @kindex 075 @kbd{=} (@code{vip-command-argument})
|
|
|
1532 Indent region determined by the motion command @var{motion-command}. If
|
|
|
1533 @kbd{=} is used instead of @var{motion-command} then indent @var{n} lines
|
|
|
1534 (@code{vip-command-argument}).
|
|
|
1535 @item *
|
|
|
1536 @kindex 052 @kbd{*} (@code{vip-call-last-kbd-macro})
|
|
|
1537 Call last remembered keyboard macro.
|
|
|
1538 @item #
|
|
|
1539 A new vi operator. @xref{New Commands}, for more details.
|
|
|
1540 @end table
|
|
|
1541
|
|
|
1542 The following keys are reserved for future extensions, and currently
|
|
|
1543 assigned to a function that just beeps (@code{vip-nil}).
|
|
|
1544
|
|
|
1545 @kindex 046 @kbd{&} (@code{vip-nil})
|
|
|
1546 @kindex 100 @kbd{@@} (@code{vip-nil})
|
|
|
1547 @kindex 125 @kbd{U} (@code{vip-nil})
|
|
|
1548 @kindex 133 @kbd{[} (@code{vip-nil})
|
|
|
1549 @kindex 135 @kbd{]} (@code{vip-nil})
|
|
|
1550 @kindex 137 @kbd{_} (@code{vip-nil})
|
|
|
1551 @kindex 161 @kbd{q} (@code{vip-nil})
|
|
|
1552 @kindex 176 @kbd{~} (@code{vip-nil})
|
|
|
1553
|
|
|
1554 @example
|
|
|
1555 &, @@, U, [, ], _, q, ~
|
|
|
1556 @end example
|
|
|
1557
|
|
|
1558 VIP uses a special local keymap to interpret key strokes you enter in vi
|
|
|
1559 mode. The following keys are bound to @var{nil} in the keymap. Therefore,
|
|
|
1560 these keys are interpreted by the global keymap of Emacs. We give below a
|
|
|
1561 short description of the functions bound to these keys in the global
|
|
|
1562 keymap. See GNU Emacs Manual for details.
|
|
|
1563
|
|
|
1564 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1565 @item C-@@
|
|
|
1566 @kindex 000 @kbd{C-@@} (@code{set-mark-command})
|
|
|
1567 Set mark and push previous mark on mark ring (@code{set-mark-command}).
|
|
|
1568 @item TAB
|
|
|
1569 @kindex 011 TAB (@code{indent-for-tab-command})
|
|
|
1570 Indent line for current major mode (@code{indent-for-tab-command}).
|
|
|
1571 @item C-j
|
|
|
1572 @kindex 012 @kbd{C-j} (@code{newline-and-indent})
|
|
|
1573 Insert a newline, then indent according to mode (@code{newline-and-indent}).
|
|
|
1574 @item C-k
|
|
|
1575 @kindex 013 @kbd{C-k} (@code{kill-line})
|
|
|
1576 Kill the rest of the current line; before a newline, kill the newline.
|
|
|
1577 With a numeric argument, kill that many lines from point. Negative arguments
|
|
|
1578 kill lines backward (@code{kill-line}).
|
|
|
1579 @item C-l
|
|
|
1580 @kindex 014 @kbd{C-l} (@code{recenter})
|
|
|
1581 Clear the screen and reprint everything (@code{recenter}).
|
|
|
1582 @item @var{n} C-p
|
|
|
1583 @kindex 020 @kbd{C-p} (@code{previous-line})
|
|
|
1584 Move cursor vertically up @var{n} lines (@code{previous-line}).
|
|
|
1585 @item C-q
|
|
|
1586 @kindex 021 @kbd{C-q} (@code{quoted-insert})
|
|
|
1587 Read next input character and insert it. Useful for inserting control
|
|
|
1588 characters
|
|
|
1589 @*(@code{quoted-insert}).
|
|
|
1590 @item C-r
|
|
|
1591 @kindex 022 @kbd{C-r} (@code{isearch-backward})
|
|
|
1592 Search backward incrementally (@code{isearch-backward}).
|
|
|
1593 @item C-s
|
|
|
1594 @kindex 023 @kbd{C-s} (@code{isearch-forward})
|
|
|
1595 Search forward incrementally (@code{isearch-forward}).
|
|
|
1596 @item @var{n} C-t
|
|
|
1597 @kindex 024 @kbd{C-t} (@code{transpose-chars})
|
|
|
1598 Interchange characters around point, moving forward one character. With
|
|
|
1599 count @var{n}, take character before point and drag it forward past @var{n}
|
|
|
1600 other characters. If no argument and at end of line, the previous two
|
|
|
1601 characters are exchanged (@code{transpose-chars}).
|
|
|
1602 @item @var{n} C-v
|
|
|
1603 @kindex 026 @kbd{C-v} (@code{scroll-up})
|
|
|
1604 Scroll text upward @var{n} lines. If @var{n} is not given, scroll near
|
|
|
1605 full screen (@code{scroll-up}).
|
|
|
1606 @item C-w
|
|
|
1607 @kindex 027 @kbd{C-w} (@code{kill-region})
|
|
|
1608 Kill between point and mark. The text is save in the kill ring. The
|
|
|
1609 command @kbd{P} or @kbd{p} can retrieve it from kill ring
|
|
|
1610 (@code{kill-region}).
|
|
|
1611 @end table
|
|
|
1612
|
|
|
1613 @node Commands in Insert Mode, Ex Commands, Other Vi Commands, Vi Commands
|
|
|
1614 @section Insert Mode
|
|
|
1615
|
|
|
1616 You can enter insert mode by one of the following commands. In addition to
|
|
|
1617 these, you will enter insert mode if you give a change command with a line
|
|
|
1618 command as the motion command. Insert commands are also modifying commands
|
|
|
1619 and you can repeat them by the repeat command @kbd{.} (@code{vip-repeat}).
|
|
|
1620
|
|
|
1621 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1622 @item i
|
|
|
1623 @kindex 151 @kbd{i} (@code{vip-insert})
|
|
|
1624 Enter insert mode at point (@code{vip-insert}).
|
|
|
1625 @item I
|
|
|
1626 @kindex 111 @kbd{I} (@code{vip-Insert})
|
|
|
1627 Enter insert mode at the first non white character on the line
|
|
|
1628 (@code{vip-Insert}).
|
|
|
1629 @item a
|
|
|
1630 @kindex 141 @kbd{a} (@code{vip-append})
|
|
|
1631 Move point forward by one character and then enter insert mode
|
|
|
1632 (@code{vip-append}).
|
|
|
1633 @item A
|
|
|
1634 @kindex 101 @kbd{A} (@code{vip-Append})
|
|
|
1635 Enter insert mode at end of line (@code{vip-Append}).
|
|
|
1636 @item o
|
|
|
1637 @kindex 157 @kbd{o} (@code{vip-open-line})
|
|
|
1638 Open a new line below the current line and enter insert mode
|
|
|
1639 (@code{vip-open-line}).
|
|
|
1640 @item O
|
|
|
1641 @kindex 117 @kbd{O} (@code{vip-Open-line})
|
|
|
1642 Open a new line above the current line and enter insert mode
|
|
|
1643 (@code{vip-Open-line}).
|
|
|
1644 @item C-o
|
|
|
1645 @kindex 017 @kbd{C-o} (@code{vip-open-line-at-point})
|
|
|
1646 Insert a newline and leave point before it, and then enter insert mode
|
|
|
1647 @*(@code{vip-open-line-at-point}).
|
|
|
1648 @end table
|
|
|
1649
|
|
|
1650 Insert mode is almost like emacs mode. Only the following 4 keys behave
|
|
|
1651 differently from emacs mode.
|
|
|
1652
|
|
|
1653 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1654 @item @key{ESC}
|
|
|
1655 @kindex 033 @kbd{ESC} (@code{vip-change-mode-to-vi}) (insert mode)
|
|
|
1656 This key will take you back to vi mode (@code{vip-change-mode-to-vi}).
|
|
|
1657 @item C-h
|
|
|
1658 @kindex 010 @kbd{C-h} (@code{delete-backward-char}) (insert mode)
|
|
|
1659 Delete previous character (@code{delete-backward-char}).
|
|
|
1660 @item C-w
|
|
|
1661 @kindex 027 @kbd{C-w} (@code{vip-delete-backward-word}) (insert mode)
|
|
|
1662 Delete previous word (@code{vip-delete-backward-word}).
|
|
|
1663 @item C-z
|
|
|
1664 @kindex 032 @kbd{C-z} (@code{vip-ESC}) (insert mode)
|
|
|
1665 This key simulates @key{ESC} key in emacs mode. For instance, typing
|
|
|
1666 @kbd{C-z x} in insert mode is the same as typing @kbd{ESC x} in emacs mode
|
|
|
1667 (@code{vip-ESC}).
|
|
|
1668 @end table
|
|
|
1669 @noindent
|
|
|
1670 You can also bind @kbd{C-h} to @code{help-command} if you like.
|
|
|
1671 (@xref{Customizing Key Bindings}, for details.) Binding @kbd{C-h} to
|
|
|
1672 @code{help-command} has the effect of making the meaning of @kbd{C-h}
|
|
|
1673 uniform among emacs, vi and insert modes.
|
|
|
1674
|
|
|
1675 When you enter insert mode, VIP records point as the start point of
|
|
|
1676 insertion, and when you leave insert mode the region between point and
|
|
|
1677 start point is saved for later use by repeat command etc. Therefore, repeat
|
|
|
1678 command will not really repeat insertion if you move point by emacs
|
|
|
1679 commands while in insert mode.
|
|
|
1680
|
|
|
1681 @node Ex Commands, Ex Command Reference, Commands in Insert Mode, Top
|
|
|
1682 @chapter Ex Commands
|
|
|
1683
|
|
|
1684 @kindex 072 @kbd{:} (@code{vip-ex})
|
|
|
1685
|
|
|
1686 In vi mode, you can execute an Ex command @var{ex-command} by typing:
|
|
|
1687 @example
|
|
|
1688 @kbd{:@: @var{ex-command} @key{RET}}
|
|
|
1689 @end example
|
|
|
1690 Every Ex command follows the following pattern:
|
|
|
1691 @example
|
|
|
1692 @var{address command} @kbd{!}@: @var{parameters count flags}
|
|
|
1693 @end example
|
|
|
1694 @noindent
|
|
|
1695 @cindex address
|
|
|
1696 where all parts are optional. For the syntax of @dfn{address}, the reader
|
|
|
1697 is referred to the reference manual of Ex.
|
|
|
1698
|
|
|
1699 @cindex magic
|
|
|
1700 @cindex regular expression
|
|
|
1701
|
|
|
1702 In the current version of VIP, searching by Ex commands is always
|
|
|
1703 @dfn{magic}. That is, search patterns are always treated as @dfn{regular
|
|
|
1704 expressions}. For example, a typical forward search would be invoked by
|
|
|
1705 @kbd{:/@var{pat}/}. If you wish to include @samp{/} as part of
|
|
|
1706 @var{pat} you must preceded it by @samp{\}. VIP strips off these @kbd{\}'s
|
|
|
1707 before @kbd{/} and the resulting @var{pat} becomes the actual search
|
|
|
1708 pattern. Emacs provides a different and richer class or regular
|
|
|
1709 expressions than Vi/Ex, and VIP uses Emacs' regular expressions. See GNU
|
|
|
1710 Emacs Manual for details of regular expressions.
|
|
|
1711
|
|
|
1712 Several Ex commands can be entered in a line by separating them by a pipe
|
|
|
1713 character @samp{|}.
|
|
|
1714
|
|
|
1715 @menu
|
|
|
1716 * Ex Command Reference:: Explain all the Ex commands available in VIP.
|
|
|
1717 @end menu
|
|
|
1718 @node Ex Command Reference, Customization, Ex Commands, Ex Commands
|
|
|
1719 @section Ex Command Reference
|
|
|
1720 In this section we briefly explain all the Ex commands supported by VIP.
|
|
|
1721 Most Ex commands expect @var{address} as their argument, and they use
|
|
|
1722 default addresses if they are not explicitly given. In the following, such
|
|
|
1723 default addresses will be shown in parentheses.
|
|
|
1724
|
|
|
1725 Most command names can and preferably be given in abbreviated forms. In
|
|
|
1726 the following, optional parts of command names will be enclosed in
|
|
|
1727 brackets. For example, @samp{co[py]} will mean that copy command can be
|
|
|
1728 give as @samp{co} or @samp{cop} or @samp{copy}.
|
|
|
1729
|
|
|
1730 If @var{command} is empty, point will move to the beginning of the line
|
|
|
1731 specified by the @var{address}. If @var{address} is also empty, point will
|
|
|
1732 move to the beginning of the current line.
|
|
|
1733
|
|
|
1734 @cindex flag
|
|
|
1735
|
|
|
1736 Some commands accept @dfn{flags} which are one of @kbd{p}, @kbd{l} and
|
|
|
1737 @kbd{#}. If @var{flags} are given, the text affected by the commands will
|
|
|
1738 be displayed on a temporary window, and you will be asked to hit return to
|
|
|
1739 continue. In this way, you can see the text affected by the commands
|
|
|
1740 before the commands will be executed. If you hit @kbd{C-g} instead of
|
|
|
1741 @key{RET} then the commands will be aborted. Note that the meaning of
|
|
|
1742 @var{flags} is different in VIP from that in Vi/Ex.
|
|
|
1743
|
|
|
1744 @table @kbd
|
|
|
1745 @item (.,.@:) co[py] @var{addr} @var{flags}
|
|
|
1746 @itemx (.,.@:) t @var{addr} @var{flags}
|
|
|
1747 Place a copy of specified lines after @var{addr}. If @var{addr} is
|
|
|
1748 @kbd{0}, it will be placed before the first line.
|
|
|
1749 @item (.,.@:) d[elete] @var{register} @var{count} @var{flags}
|
|
|
1750 Delete specified lines. Text will be saved in a named @var{register} if a
|
|
|
1751 lower-case letter is given, and appended to a register if a capital letter is
|
|
|
1752 given.
|
|
|
1753 @item e[dit] !@: +@var{addr} @var{file}
|
|
|
1754 @itemx e[x] !@: +@var{addr} @var{file}
|
|
|
1755 @itemx vi[sual] !@: +@var{addr} @var{file}
|
|
|
1756 Edit a new file @var{file} in the current window. The command will abort
|
|
|
1757 if current buffer is modified, which you can override by giving @kbd{!}.
|
|
|
1758 If @kbd{+}@var{addr} is given, @var{addr} becomes the current line.
|
|
|
1759 @item file
|
|
|
1760 Give information about the current file.
|
|
|
1761 @item (1,$) g[lobal] !@: /@var{pat}/ @var{cmds}
|
|
|
1762 @itemx (1,$) v /@var{pat}/ @var{cmds}
|
|
|
1763 Among specified lines first mark each line which matches the regular
|
|
|
1764 expression @var{pat}, and then execute @var{cmds} on each marked line.
|
|
|
1765 If @kbd{!}@: is given, @var{cmds} will be executed on each line not matching
|
|
|
1766 @var{pat}. @kbd{v} is same as @kbd{g!}.
|
|
|
1767 @item (.,.+1) j[oin] !@: @var{count} @var{flags}
|
|
|
1768 Join specified lines into a line. Without @kbd{!}, a space character will
|
|
|
1769 be inserted at each junction.
|
|
|
1770 @item (.@:) k @var{ch}
|
|
|
1771 @itemx (.@:) mar[k] @var{ch}
|
|
|
1772 Mark specified line by a lower-case character @var{ch}. Then the
|
|
|
1773 addressing form @kbd{'}@var{ch} will refer to this line. No white space is
|
|
|
1774 required between @kbd{k} and @var{ch}. A white space is necessary between
|
|
|
1775 @kbd{mark} and @var{ch}, however.
|
|
|
1776 @item map @var{ch} @var{rhs}
|
|
|
1777 Define a macro for vi mode. After this command, the character @var{ch}
|
|
|
1778 will be expanded to @var{rhs} in vi mode.
|
|
|
1779 @item (.,.@:) m[ove] @var{addr}
|
|
|
1780 Move specified lines after @var{addr}.
|
|
|
1781 @item (.@:) pu[t] @var{register}
|
|
|
1782 Put back previously deleted or yanked text. If @var{register} is given,
|
|
|
1783 the text saved in the register will be put back; otherwise, last deleted or
|
|
|
1784 yanked text will be put back.
|
|
|
1785 @item q[uit] !
|
|
|
1786 Quit from Emacs. If modified buffers with associated files exist, you will
|
|
|
1787 be asked whether you wish to save each of them. At this point, you may
|
|
|
1788 choose not to quit, by hitting @kbd{C-g}. If @kbd{!}@: is given, exit from
|
|
|
1789 Emacs without saving modified buffers.
|
|
|
1790 @item (.@:) r[ead] @var{file}
|
|
|
1791 Read in the content of the file @var{file} after the specified line.
|
|
|
1792 @item (.@:) r[ead] !@: @var{command}
|
|
|
1793 Read in the output of the shell command @var{command} after the specified
|
|
|
1794 line.
|
|
|
1795 @item se[t]
|
|
|
1796 Set a variable's value. @xref{Customizing Constants}, for the list of variables
|
|
|
1797 you can set.
|
|
|
1798 @item sh[ell]
|
|
|
1799 Run a subshell in a window.
|
|
|
1800 @item (.,.@:) s[ubstitute] /@var{pat}/@var{repl}/ @var{options} @var{count} @var{flags}
|
|
|
1801 @itemx (.,.@:) & @var{options} @var{count} @var{flags}
|
|
|
1802 On each specified line, the first occurrence of string matching regular
|
|
|
1803 expression @var{pat} is replaced by replacement pattern @var{repl}. Option
|
|
|
1804 characters are @kbd{g} and @kbd{c}. If global option character @kbd{g}
|
|
|
1805 appears as part of @var{options}, all occurrences are substituted. If
|
|
|
1806 confirm option character @kbd{c} appears, you will be asked to give
|
|
|
1807 confirmation before each substitution. If @kbd{/@var{pat}/@var{repl}/} is
|
|
|
1808 missing, the last substitution is repeated.
|
|
|
1809 @item st[op]
|
|
|
1810 Suspend Emacs.
|
|
|
1811 @item ta[g] @var{tag}
|
|
|
1812 @cindex tag
|
|
|
1813 @cindex selected tags table
|
|
|
1814 Find first definition of @var{tag}. If no @var{tag} is given, previously
|
|
|
1815 given @var{tag} is used and next alternate definition is find. By default,
|
|
|
1816 the file @file{TAGS} in the current directory becomes the @dfn{selected tags
|
|
|
1817 table}. You can select another tags table by @kbd{set} command.
|
|
|
1818 @xref{Customizing Constants}, for details.
|
|
|
1819 @item und[o]
|
|
|
1820 Undo the last change.
|
|
|
1821 @item unm[ap] @var{ch}
|
|
|
1822 The macro expansion associated with @var{ch} is removed.
|
|
|
1823 @item ve[rsion]
|
|
|
1824 Tell the version number of VIP.
|
|
|
1825 @item (1,$) w[rite] !@: @var{file}
|
|
|
1826 Write out specified lines into file @var{file}. If no @var{file} is given,
|
|
|
1827 text will be written to the file associated to the current buffer. Unless
|
|
|
1828 @kbd{!}@: is given, if @var{file} is different from the file associated to
|
|
|
1829 the current buffer and if the file @var{file} exists, the command will not
|
|
|
1830 be executed. Unlike Ex, @var{file} becomes the file associated to the
|
|
|
1831 current buffer.
|
|
|
1832 @item (1,$) w[rite]>> @var{file}
|
|
|
1833 Write out specified lines at the end of file @var{file}. @var{file}
|
|
|
1834 becomes the file associated to the current buffer.
|
|
|
1835 @item (1,$) wq !@: @var{file}
|
|
|
1836 Same as @kbd{write} and then @kbd{quit}. If @kbd{!}@: is given, same as
|
|
|
1837 @kbd{write !}@: then @kbd{quit}.
|
|
|
1838 @item (.,.) y[ank] @var{register} @var{count}
|
|
|
1839 Save specified lines into register @var{register}. If no register is
|
|
|
1840 specified, text will be saved in an anonymous register.
|
|
|
1841 @item @var{addr} !@: @var{command}
|
|
|
1842 Execute shell command @var{command}. The output will be shown in a new
|
|
|
1843 window. If @var{addr} is given, specified lines will be used as standard
|
|
|
1844 input to @var{command}.
|
|
|
1845 @item ($) =
|
|
|
1846 Print the line number of the addressed line.
|
|
|
1847 @item (.,.) > @var{count} @var{flags}
|
|
|
1848 Shift specified lines to the right. The variable @code{vip-shift-width}
|
|
|
1849 (default value is 8) determines the amount of shift.
|
|
|
1850 @item (.,.) < @var{count} @var{flags}
|
|
|
1851 Shift specified lines to the left. The variable @code{vip-shift-width}
|
|
|
1852 (default value is 8) determines the amount of shift.
|
|
|
1853 @item (.,.@:) ~ @var{options} @var{count} @var{flags}
|
|
|
1854 Repeat the previous @kbd{substitute} command using previous search pattern
|
|
|
1855 as @var{pat} for matching.
|
|
|
1856 @end table
|
|
|
1857
|
|
|
1858 The following Ex commands are available in Vi, but not implemented in VIP.
|
|
|
1859 @example
|
|
|
1860 @kbd{abbreviate}, @kbd{list}, @kbd{next}, @kbd{print}, @kbd{preserve}, @kbd{recover}, @kbd{rewind}, @kbd{source},
|
|
|
1861 @kbd{unabbreviate}, @kbd{xit}, @kbd{z}
|
|
|
1862 @end example
|
|
|
1863
|
|
|
1864 @node Customization, Customizing Constants, Ex Command Reference, Top
|
|
|
1865 @chapter Customization
|
|
|
1866
|
|
|
1867 If you have a file called @file{.vip} in your home directory, then it
|
|
|
1868 will also be loaded when VIP is loaded. This file is thus useful for
|
|
|
1869 customizing VIP.
|
|
|
1870
|
|
|
1871 @menu
|
|
|
1872 * Customizing Constants:: How to change values of constants.
|
|
|
1873 * Customizing Key Bindings:: How to change key bindings.
|
|
|
1874 @end menu
|
|
|
1875
|
|
|
1876 @node Customizing Constants, Customizing Key Bindings, Customization, Customization
|
|
|
1877 @section Customizing Constants
|
|
|
1878 An easy way to customize VIP is to change the values of constants used
|
|
|
1879 in VIP. Here is the list of the constants used in VIP and their default
|
|
|
1880 values.
|
|
|
1881
|
|
|
1882 @table @code
|
|
|
1883 @item vip-shift-width 8
|
|
|
1884 The number of columns shifted by @kbd{>} and @kbd{<} command.
|
|
|
1885 @item vip-re-replace nil
|
|
|
1886 If @code{t} then do regexp replace, if @code{nil} then do string replace.
|
|
|
1887 @item vip-search-wrap-around t
|
|
|
1888 If @code{t}, search wraps around the buffer.
|
|
|
1889 @item vip-re-search nil
|
|
|
1890 If @code{t} then search is reg-exp search, if @code{nil} then vanilla
|
|
|
1891 search.
|
|
|
1892 @item vip-case-fold-search nil
|
|
|
1893 If @code{t} search ignores cases.
|
|
|
1894 @item vip-re-query-replace nil
|
|
|
1895 If @code{t} then do reg-exp replace in query replace.
|
|
|
1896 @item vip-open-with-indent nil
|
|
|
1897 If @code{t} then indent to the previous current line when open a new line
|
|
|
1898 by @kbd{o} or @kbd{O} command.
|
|
|
1899 @item vip-tags-file-name "TAGS"
|
|
|
1900 The name of the file used as the tags table.
|
|
|
1901 @item vip-help-in-insert-mode nil
|
|
|
1902 If @code{t} then @key{C-h} is bound to @code{help-command} in insert mode,
|
|
|
1903 if @code{nil} then it sis bound to @code{delete-backward-char}.
|
|
|
1904 @end table
|
|
|
1905 @noindent
|
|
|
1906 You can reset these constants in VIP by the Ex command @kbd{set}. Or you
|
|
|
1907 can include a line like this in your @file{.vip} file:
|
|
|
1908 @example
|
|
|
1909 (setq vip-case-fold-search t)
|
|
|
1910 @end example
|
|
|
1911
|
|
|
1912 @node Customizing Key Bindings,, Customizing Constants, Customization
|
|
|
1913 @section Customizing Key Bindings
|
|
|
1914
|
|
|
1915 @cindex local keymap
|
|
|
1916
|
|
|
1917 VIP uses @code{vip-command-mode-map} as the @dfn{local keymap} for vi mode.
|
|
|
1918 For example, in vi mode, @key{SPC} is bound to the function
|
|
|
1919 @code{vip-scroll}. But, if you wish to make @key{SPC} and some other keys
|
|
|
1920 behave like Vi, you can include the following lines in your @file{.vip}
|
|
|
1921 file.
|
|
|
1922
|
|
|
1923 @example
|
|
|
1924 (define-key vip-command-mode-map "\C-g" 'vip-info-on-file)
|
|
|
1925 (define-key vip-command-mode-map "\C-h" 'vip-backward-char)
|
|
|
1926 (define-key vip-command-mode-map "\C-m" 'vip-next-line-at-bol)
|
|
|
1927 (define-key vip-command-mode-map " " 'vip-forward-char)
|
|
|
1928 (define-key vip-command-mode-map "g" 'vip-keyboard-quit)
|
|
|
1929 (define-key vip-command-mode-map "s" 'vip-substitute)
|
|
|
1930 (define-key vip-command-mode-map "C" 'vip-change-to-eol)
|
|
|
1931 (define-key vip-command-mode-map "R" 'vip-change-to-eol)
|
|
|
1932 (define-key vip-command-mode-map "S" 'vip-substitute-line)
|
|
|
1933 (define-key vip-command-mode-map "X" 'vip-delete-backward-char)
|
|
|
1934 @end example
|
|
|
1935
|
|
|
1936 @node GNU Free Documentation License,,, Top
|
|
|
1937 @appendix GNU Free Documentation License
|
|
|
1938 @include doclicense.texi
|
|
|
1939
|
|
|
1940
|
|
|
1941 @unnumbered Key Index
|
|
|
1942
|
|
|
1943 @printindex ky
|
|
|
1944
|
|
|
1945 @unnumbered Concept Index
|
|
|
1946 @printindex cp
|
|
|
1947
|
|
|
1948 @bye
|
|
|
1949
|
|
|
1950 @ignore
|
|
|
1951 arch-tag: 7c5d17b9-1d21-4261-a88a-b9fdbbf1020b
|
|
|
1952 @end ignore
|
