Mercurial > emacs
annotate lispref/display.texi @ 60505:c919a3aa031f
2005-03-07 Karl Chen <quarl@cs.berkeley.edu>
* align.el (align-rules-list): Added an alignment rule for CSS
declarations (applies to css-mode and html-mode buffers).
author | John Wiegley <johnw@newartisans.com> |
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date | Tue, 08 Mar 2005 03:59:35 +0000 |
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6598 | 1 @c -*-texinfo-*- |
2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. | |
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, |
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4 @c 2002, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
6598 | 5 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions. |
6 @setfilename ../info/display | |
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7 @node Display, Calendar, Processes, Top |
6598 | 8 @chapter Emacs Display |
9 | |
10 This chapter describes a number of features related to the display | |
11 that Emacs presents to the user. | |
12 | |
13 @menu | |
14 * Refresh Screen:: Clearing the screen and redrawing everything on it. | |
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15 * Forcing Redisplay:: Forcing redisplay. |
6598 | 16 * Truncation:: Folding or wrapping long text lines. |
17 * The Echo Area:: Where messages are displayed. | |
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18 * Warnings:: Displaying warning messages for the user. |
57389 | 19 * Progress:: Informing user about progress of a long operation. |
12067 | 20 * Invisible Text:: Hiding part of the buffer text. |
21 * Selective Display:: Hiding part of the buffer text (the old way). | |
6598 | 22 * Temporary Displays:: Displays that go away automatically. |
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23 * Overlays:: Use overlays to highlight parts of the buffer. |
25875 | 24 * Width:: How wide a character or string is on the screen. |
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25 * Line Height:: Controlling the height of lines. |
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26 * Faces:: A face defines a graphics style for text characters: |
25875 | 27 font, colors, etc. |
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28 * Fringes:: Controlling window fringes. |
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29 * Scroll Bars:: Controlling vertical scroll bars. |
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30 * Pointer Shape:: Controlling the mouse pointer shape. |
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31 * Display Property:: Enabling special display features. |
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32 * Images:: Displaying images in Emacs buffers. |
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33 * Buttons:: Adding clickable buttons to Emacs buffers. |
6598 | 34 * Blinking:: How Emacs shows the matching open parenthesis. |
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35 * Inverse Video:: Specifying how the screen looks. |
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36 * Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying nonprinting chars. |
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37 * Display Tables:: How to specify other conventions. |
6598 | 38 * Beeping:: Audible signal to the user. |
39 * Window Systems:: Which window system is being used. | |
40 @end menu | |
41 | |
42 @node Refresh Screen | |
43 @section Refreshing the Screen | |
44 | |
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45 The function @code{redraw-frame} clears and redisplays the entire |
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46 contents of a given frame (@pxref{Frames}). This is useful if the |
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47 screen is corrupted. |
6598 | 48 |
49 @c Emacs 19 feature | |
50 @defun redraw-frame frame | |
51 This function clears and redisplays frame @var{frame}. | |
52 @end defun | |
53 | |
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54 Even more powerful is @code{redraw-display}: |
6598 | 55 |
56 @deffn Command redraw-display | |
57 This function clears and redisplays all visible frames. | |
58 @end deffn | |
59 | |
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60 This function calls for redisplay of certain windows, the next time |
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61 redisplay is done, but does not clear them first. |
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62 |
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63 @defun force-window-update &optional object |
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64 This function forces redisplay of some or all windows. If |
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65 @var{object} is a window, it forces redisplay of that window. If |
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66 @var{object} is a buffer or buffer name, it forces redisplay of all |
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67 windows displaying that buffer. If @var{object} is @code{nil} (or |
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68 omitted), it forces redisplay of all windows. |
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69 @end defun |
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70 |
12098 | 71 Processing user input takes absolute priority over redisplay. If you |
72 call these functions when input is available, they do nothing | |
73 immediately, but a full redisplay does happen eventually---after all the | |
74 input has been processed. | |
75 | |
6598 | 76 Normally, suspending and resuming Emacs also refreshes the screen. |
77 Some terminal emulators record separate contents for display-oriented | |
78 programs such as Emacs and for ordinary sequential display. If you are | |
79 using such a terminal, you might want to inhibit the redisplay on | |
9009 | 80 resumption. |
6598 | 81 |
82 @defvar no-redraw-on-reenter | |
83 @cindex suspend (cf. @code{no-redraw-on-reenter}) | |
84 @cindex resume (cf. @code{no-redraw-on-reenter}) | |
85 This variable controls whether Emacs redraws the entire screen after it | |
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86 has been suspended and resumed. Non-@code{nil} means there is no need |
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87 to redraw, @code{nil} means redrawing is needed. The default is @code{nil}. |
6598 | 88 @end defvar |
89 | |
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90 @node Forcing Redisplay |
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91 @section Forcing Redisplay |
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92 @cindex forcing redisplay |
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93 |
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94 Emacs redisplay normally stops if input arrives, and does not happen |
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95 at all if input is available before it starts. Most of the time, this |
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96 is exactly what you want. However, you can prevent preemption by |
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97 binding @code{redisplay-dont-pause} to a non-@code{nil} value. |
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98 |
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99 @tindex redisplay-dont-pause |
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100 @defvar redisplay-dont-pause |
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101 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, pending input does not |
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102 prevent or halt redisplay; redisplay occurs, and finishes, |
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103 regardless of whether input is available. |
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104 @end defvar |
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105 |
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106 You can request a display update, but only if no input is pending, |
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107 with @code{(sit-for 0)}. To force a display update even when input is |
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108 pending, do this: |
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109 |
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110 @example |
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111 (let ((redisplay-dont-pause t)) |
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112 (sit-for 0)) |
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113 @end example |
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114 |
6598 | 115 @node Truncation |
116 @section Truncation | |
117 @cindex line wrapping | |
118 @cindex continuation lines | |
119 @cindex @samp{$} in display | |
120 @cindex @samp{\} in display | |
121 | |
122 When a line of text extends beyond the right edge of a window, the | |
123 line can either be continued on the next screen line, or truncated to | |
124 one screen line. The additional screen lines used to display a long | |
125 text line are called @dfn{continuation} lines. Normally, a @samp{$} in | |
126 the rightmost column of the window indicates truncation; a @samp{\} on | |
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127 the rightmost column indicates a line that ``wraps'' onto the next line, |
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128 which is also called @dfn{continuing} the line. (The display table can |
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129 specify alternative indicators; see @ref{Display Tables}.) |
6598 | 130 |
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131 On a window system display, the @samp{$} and @samp{\} indicators are |
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132 replaced with arrow images displayed in the window fringes |
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133 (@pxref{Fringes}). |
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134 |
6598 | 135 Note that continuation is different from filling; continuation happens |
136 on the screen only, not in the buffer contents, and it breaks a line | |
137 precisely at the right margin, not at a word boundary. @xref{Filling}. | |
138 | |
139 @defopt truncate-lines | |
140 This buffer-local variable controls how Emacs displays lines that extend | |
141 beyond the right edge of the window. The default is @code{nil}, which | |
142 specifies continuation. If the value is non-@code{nil}, then these | |
143 lines are truncated. | |
144 | |
145 If the variable @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} is non-@code{nil}, | |
146 then truncation is always used for side-by-side windows (within one | |
147 frame) regardless of the value of @code{truncate-lines}. | |
148 @end defopt | |
149 | |
12098 | 150 @defopt default-truncate-lines |
6598 | 151 This variable is the default value for @code{truncate-lines}, for |
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152 buffers that do not have buffer-local values for it. |
12098 | 153 @end defopt |
6598 | 154 |
155 @defopt truncate-partial-width-windows | |
156 This variable controls display of lines that extend beyond the right | |
157 edge of the window, in side-by-side windows (@pxref{Splitting Windows}). | |
158 If it is non-@code{nil}, these lines are truncated; otherwise, | |
159 @code{truncate-lines} says what to do with them. | |
160 @end defopt | |
161 | |
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162 When horizontal scrolling (@pxref{Horizontal Scrolling}) is in use in |
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163 a window, that forces truncation. |
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164 |
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165 If your buffer contains @emph{very} long lines, and you use |
12067 | 166 continuation to display them, just thinking about them can make Emacs |
12098 | 167 redisplay slow. The column computation and indentation functions also |
168 become slow. Then you might find it advisable to set | |
169 @code{cache-long-line-scans} to @code{t}. | |
12067 | 170 |
171 @defvar cache-long-line-scans | |
172 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, various indentation and motion | |
12098 | 173 functions, and Emacs redisplay, cache the results of scanning the |
174 buffer, and consult the cache to avoid rescanning regions of the buffer | |
175 unless they are modified. | |
12067 | 176 |
12098 | 177 Turning on the cache slows down processing of short lines somewhat. |
12067 | 178 |
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179 This variable is automatically buffer-local in every buffer. |
12067 | 180 @end defvar |
181 | |
6598 | 182 @node The Echo Area |
183 @section The Echo Area | |
184 @cindex error display | |
185 @cindex echo area | |
186 | |
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187 The @dfn{echo area} is used for displaying error messages |
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188 (@pxref{Errors}), for messages made with the @code{message} primitive, |
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189 and for echoing keystrokes. It is not the same as the minibuffer, |
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190 despite the fact that the minibuffer appears (when active) in the same |
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191 place on the screen as the echo area. The @cite{GNU Emacs Manual} |
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192 specifies the rules for resolving conflicts between the echo area and |
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193 the minibuffer for use of that screen space (@pxref{Minibuffer,, The |
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194 Minibuffer, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
6598 | 195 |
196 You can write output in the echo area by using the Lisp printing | |
197 functions with @code{t} as the stream (@pxref{Output Functions}), or as | |
198 follows: | |
199 | |
200 @defun message string &rest arguments | |
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201 This function displays a message in the echo area. The |
6598 | 202 argument @var{string} is similar to a C language @code{printf} control |
203 string. See @code{format} in @ref{String Conversion}, for the details | |
204 on the conversion specifications. @code{message} returns the | |
205 constructed string. | |
206 | |
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207 In batch mode, @code{message} prints the message text on the standard |
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208 error stream, followed by a newline. |
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209 |
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210 If @var{string}, or strings among the @var{arguments}, have @code{face} |
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211 text properties, these affect the way the message is displayed. |
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212 |
6598 | 213 @c Emacs 19 feature |
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214 If @var{string} is @code{nil}, @code{message} clears the echo area; if |
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215 the echo area has been expanded automatically, this brings it back to |
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216 its normal size. If the minibuffer is active, this brings the |
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217 minibuffer contents back onto the screen immediately. |
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218 |
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219 @vindex message-truncate-lines |
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220 Normally, displaying a long message resizes the echo area to display |
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221 the entire message. But if the variable @code{message-truncate-lines} |
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222 is non-@code{nil}, the echo area does not resize, and the message is |
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223 truncated to fit it, as in Emacs 20 and before. |
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224 |
6598 | 225 @example |
226 @group | |
227 (message "Minibuffer depth is %d." | |
228 (minibuffer-depth)) | |
229 @print{} Minibuffer depth is 0. | |
230 @result{} "Minibuffer depth is 0." | |
231 @end group | |
232 | |
233 @group | |
234 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
235 Minibuffer depth is 0. | |
236 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
237 @end group | |
238 @end example | |
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239 |
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240 To automatically display a message in the echo area or in a pop-buffer, |
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241 depending on its size, use @code{display-message-or-buffer} (see below). |
6598 | 242 @end defun |
243 | |
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244 @defopt max-mini-window-height |
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245 This variable specifies the maximum height for resizing minibuffer |
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246 windows. If a float, it specifies a fraction of the height of the |
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247 frame. If an integer, it specifies a number of lines. |
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248 @end defopt |
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249 |
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250 @tindex with-temp-message |
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251 @defmac with-temp-message message &rest body |
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252 This construct displays a message in the echo area temporarily, during |
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253 the execution of @var{body}. It displays @var{message}, executes |
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254 @var{body}, then returns the value of the last body form while restoring |
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255 the previous echo area contents. |
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256 @end defmac |
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257 |
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258 @defun message-or-box string &rest arguments |
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259 This function displays a message like @code{message}, but may display it |
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260 in a dialog box instead of the echo area. If this function is called in |
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261 a command that was invoked using the mouse---more precisely, if |
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262 @code{last-nonmenu-event} (@pxref{Command Loop Info}) is either |
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263 @code{nil} or a list---then it uses a dialog box or pop-up menu to |
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264 display the message. Otherwise, it uses the echo area. (This is the |
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265 same criterion that @code{y-or-n-p} uses to make a similar decision; see |
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266 @ref{Yes-or-No Queries}.) |
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267 |
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268 You can force use of the mouse or of the echo area by binding |
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269 @code{last-nonmenu-event} to a suitable value around the call. |
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270 @end defun |
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271 |
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272 @defun message-box string &rest arguments |
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273 This function displays a message like @code{message}, but uses a dialog |
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274 box (or a pop-up menu) whenever that is possible. If it is impossible |
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275 to use a dialog box or pop-up menu, because the terminal does not |
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276 support them, then @code{message-box} uses the echo area, like |
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277 @code{message}. |
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278 @end defun |
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279 |
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280 @defun display-message-or-buffer message &optional buffer-name not-this-window frame |
32840 | 281 @tindex display-message-or-buffer |
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282 This function displays the message @var{message}, which may be either a |
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283 string or a buffer. If it is shorter than the maximum height of the |
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284 echo area, as defined by @code{max-mini-window-height}, it is displayed |
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285 in the echo area, using @code{message}. Otherwise, |
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286 @code{display-buffer} is used to show it in a pop-up buffer. |
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287 |
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288 Returns either the string shown in the echo area, or when a pop-up |
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289 buffer is used, the window used to display it. |
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290 |
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291 If @var{message} is a string, then the optional argument |
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292 @var{buffer-name} is the name of the buffer used to display it when a |
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293 pop-up buffer is used, defaulting to @samp{*Message*}. In the case |
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294 where @var{message} is a string and displayed in the echo area, it is |
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295 not specified whether the contents are inserted into the buffer anyway. |
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296 |
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297 The optional arguments @var{not-this-window} and @var{frame} are as for |
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298 @code{display-buffer}, and only used if a buffer is displayed. |
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299 @end defun |
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300 |
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301 @defun current-message |
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302 This function returns the message currently being displayed in the |
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303 echo area, or @code{nil} if there is none. |
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304 @end defun |
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305 |
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306 @defvar cursor-in-echo-area |
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307 This variable controls where the cursor appears when a message is |
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308 displayed in the echo area. If it is non-@code{nil}, then the cursor |
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309 appears at the end of the message. Otherwise, the cursor appears at |
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310 point---not in the echo area at all. |
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311 |
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312 The value is normally @code{nil}; Lisp programs bind it to @code{t} |
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313 for brief periods of time. |
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314 @end defvar |
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315 |
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316 @defvar echo-area-clear-hook |
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317 This normal hook is run whenever the echo area is cleared---either by |
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318 @code{(message nil)} or for any other reason. |
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319 @end defvar |
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320 |
12067 | 321 Almost all the messages displayed in the echo area are also recorded |
322 in the @samp{*Messages*} buffer. | |
323 | |
324 @defopt message-log-max | |
325 This variable specifies how many lines to keep in the @samp{*Messages*} | |
326 buffer. The value @code{t} means there is no limit on how many lines to | |
327 keep. The value @code{nil} disables message logging entirely. Here's | |
328 how to display a message and prevent it from being logged: | |
329 | |
330 @example | |
331 (let (message-log-max) | |
332 (message @dots{})) | |
333 @end example | |
334 @end defopt | |
335 | |
12098 | 336 @defvar echo-keystrokes |
337 This variable determines how much time should elapse before command | |
27971 | 338 characters echo. Its value must be an integer or floating point number, |
339 which specifies the | |
12098 | 340 number of seconds to wait before echoing. If the user types a prefix |
341 key (such as @kbd{C-x}) and then delays this many seconds before | |
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342 continuing, the prefix key is echoed in the echo area. (Once echoing |
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343 begins in a key sequence, all subsequent characters in the same key |
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344 sequence are echoed immediately.) |
12098 | 345 |
346 If the value is zero, then command input is not echoed. | |
347 @end defvar | |
348 | |
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349 @node Warnings |
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350 @section Reporting Warnings |
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351 @cindex warnings |
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352 |
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353 @dfn{Warnings} are a facility for a program to inform the user of a |
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354 possible problem, but continue running. |
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355 |
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356 @menu |
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357 * Warning Basics:: Warnings concepts and functions to report them. |
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358 * Warning Variables:: Variables programs bind to customize their warnings. |
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359 * Warning Options:: Variables users set to control display of warnings. |
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360 @end menu |
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361 |
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362 @node Warning Basics |
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363 @subsection Warning Basics |
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364 @cindex severity level |
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365 |
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366 Every warning has a textual message, which explains the problem for |
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367 the user, and a @dfn{severity level} which is a symbol. Here are the |
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368 possible severity levels, in order of decreasing severity, and their |
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369 meanings: |
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370 |
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371 @table @code |
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372 @item :emergency |
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373 A problem that will seriously impair Emacs operation soon |
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374 if you do not attend to it promptly. |
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375 @item :error |
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376 A report of data or circumstances that are inherently wrong. |
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377 @item :warning |
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378 A report of data or circumstances that are not inherently wrong, but |
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379 raise suspicion of a possible problem. |
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380 @item :debug |
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381 A report of information that may be useful if you are debugging. |
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382 @end table |
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383 |
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384 When your program encounters invalid input data, it can either |
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385 signal a Lisp error by calling @code{error} or @code{signal} or report |
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386 a warning with severity @code{:error}. Signaling a Lisp error is the |
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387 easiest thing to do, but it means the program cannot continue |
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388 processing. If you want to take the trouble to implement a way to |
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389 continue processing despite the bad data, then reporting a warning of |
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390 severity @code{:error} is the right way to inform the user of the |
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391 problem. For instance, the Emacs Lisp byte compiler can report an |
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392 error that way and continue compiling other functions. (If the |
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393 program signals a Lisp error and then handles it with |
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394 @code{condition-case}, the user won't see the error message; it could |
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395 show the message to the user by reporting it as a warning.) |
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396 |
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397 @cindex warning type |
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398 Each warning has a @dfn{warning type} to classify it. The type is a |
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399 list of symbols. The first symbol should be the custom group that you |
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400 use for the program's user options. For example, byte compiler |
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401 warnings use the warning type @code{(bytecomp)}. You can also |
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402 subcategorize the warnings, if you wish, by using more symbols in the |
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403 list. |
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404 |
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405 @defun display-warning type message &optional level buffer-name |
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406 This function reports a warning, using @var{message} as the message |
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407 and @var{type} as the warning type. @var{level} should be the |
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408 severity level, with @code{:warning} being the default. |
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409 |
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410 @var{buffer-name}, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the name of the buffer |
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411 for logging the warning. By default, it is @samp{*Warnings*}. |
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412 @end defun |
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413 |
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414 @defun lwarn type level message &rest args |
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415 This function reports a warning using the value of @code{(format |
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416 @var{message} @var{args}...)} as the message. In other respects it is |
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417 equivalent to @code{display-warning}. |
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418 @end defun |
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419 |
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420 @defun warn message &rest args |
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421 This function reports a warning using the value of @code{(format |
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422 @var{message} @var{args}...)} as the message, @code{(emacs)} as the |
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423 type, and @code{:warning} as the severity level. It exists for |
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424 compatibility only; we recommend not using it, because you should |
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425 specify a specific warning type. |
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426 @end defun |
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427 |
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428 @node Warning Variables |
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429 @subsection Warning Variables |
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430 |
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431 Programs can customize how their warnings appear by binding |
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432 the variables described in this section. |
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433 |
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434 @defvar warning-levels |
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435 This list defines the meaning and severity order of the warning |
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436 severity levels. Each element defines one severity level, |
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437 and they are arranged in order of decreasing severity. |
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438 |
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439 Each element has the form @code{(@var{level} @var{string} |
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440 @var{function})}, where @var{level} is the severity level it defines. |
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441 @var{string} specifies the textual description of this level. |
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442 @var{string} should use @samp{%s} to specify where to put the warning |
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443 type information, or it can omit the @samp{%s} so as not to include |
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444 that information. |
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445 |
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446 The optional @var{function}, if non-@code{nil}, is a function to call |
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447 with no arguments, to get the user's attention. |
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448 |
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449 Normally you should not change the value of this variable. |
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450 @end defvar |
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451 |
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452 @defvar warning-prefix-function |
54023 | 453 If non-@code{nil}, the value is a function to generate prefix text for |
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454 warnings. Programs can bind the variable to a suitable function. |
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455 @code{display-warning} calls this function with the warnings buffer |
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456 current, and the function can insert text in it. That text becomes |
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457 the beginning of the warning message. |
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458 |
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459 The function is called with two arguments, the severity level and its |
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460 entry in @code{warning-levels}. It should return a list to use as the |
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461 entry (this value need not be an actual member of |
54023 | 462 @code{warning-levels}). By constructing this value, the function can |
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463 change the severity of the warning, or specify different handling for |
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464 a given severity level. |
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465 |
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466 If the variable's value is @code{nil} then there is no function |
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467 to call. |
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468 @end defvar |
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469 |
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470 @defvar warning-series |
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471 Programs can bind this variable to @code{t} to say that the next |
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472 warning should begin a series. When several warnings form a series, |
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473 that means to leave point on the first warning of the series, rather |
54023 | 474 than keep moving it for each warning so that it appears on the last one. |
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475 The series ends when the local binding is unbound and |
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476 @code{warning-series} becomes @code{nil} again. |
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|
477 |
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478 The value can also be a symbol with a function definition. That is |
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479 equivalent to @code{t}, except that the next warning will also call |
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480 the function with no arguments with the warnings buffer current. The |
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481 function can insert text which will serve as a header for the series |
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482 of warnings. |
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483 |
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484 Once a series has begun, the value is a marker which points to the |
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485 buffer position in the warnings buffer of the start of the series. |
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486 |
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487 The variable's normal value is @code{nil}, which means to handle |
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488 each warning separately. |
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489 @end defvar |
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490 |
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491 @defvar warning-fill-prefix |
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492 When this variable is non-@code{nil}, it specifies a fill prefix to |
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493 use for filling each warning's text. |
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494 @end defvar |
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495 |
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496 @defvar warning-type-format |
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497 This variable specifies the format for displaying the warning type |
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498 in the warning message. The result of formatting the type this way |
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499 gets included in the message under the control of the string in the |
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500 entry in @code{warning-levels}. The default value is @code{" (%s)"}. |
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501 If you bind it to @code{""} then the warning type won't appear at |
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502 all. |
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503 @end defvar |
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504 |
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505 @node Warning Options |
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506 @subsection Warning Options |
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507 |
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508 These variables are used by users to control what happens |
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509 when a Lisp program reports a warning. |
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510 |
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511 @defopt warning-minimum-level |
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512 This user option specifies the minimum severity level that should be |
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513 shown immediately to the user. The default is @code{:warning}, which |
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514 means to immediately display all warnings except @code{:debug} |
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515 warnings. |
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516 @end defopt |
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517 |
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518 @defopt warning-minimum-log-level |
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519 This user option specifies the minimum severity level that should be |
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520 logged in the warnings buffer. The default is @code{:warning}, which |
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521 means to log all warnings except @code{:debug} warnings. |
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522 @end defopt |
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523 |
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524 @defopt warning-suppress-types |
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525 This list specifies which warning types should not be displayed |
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526 immediately for the user. Each element of the list should be a list |
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527 of symbols. If its elements match the first elements in a warning |
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528 type, then that warning is not displayed immediately. |
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529 @end defopt |
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530 |
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531 @defopt warning-suppress-log-types |
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532 This list specifies which warning types should not be logged in the |
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533 warnings buffer. Each element of the list should be a list of |
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534 symbols. If it matches the first few elements in a warning type, then |
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535 that warning is not logged. |
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536 @end defopt |
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537 |
57389 | 538 @node Progress |
539 @section Reporting Operation Progress | |
540 @cindex progress reporting | |
541 | |
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542 When an operation can take a while to finish, you should inform the |
57389 | 543 user about the progress it makes. This way the user can estimate |
544 remaining time and clearly see that Emacs is busy working, not hung. | |
545 | |
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546 Functions listed in this section provide simple and efficient way of |
57389 | 547 reporting operation progress. Here is a working example that does |
548 nothing useful: | |
549 | |
550 @example | |
551 (let ((progress-reporter | |
552 (make-progress-reporter "Collecting some mana for Emacs..." | |
553 0 500))) | |
554 (dotimes (k 500) | |
555 (sit-for 0.01) | |
556 (progress-reporter-update progress-reporter k)) | |
557 (progress-reporter-done progress-reporter)) | |
558 @end example | |
559 | |
560 @defun make-progress-reporter message min-value max-value &optional current-value min-change min-time | |
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561 This function creates and returns a @dfn{progress reporter}---an |
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562 object you will use as an argument for all other functions listed |
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563 here. The idea is to precompute as much data as possible to make |
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564 progress reporting very fast. |
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565 |
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566 When this progress reporter is subsequently used, it will display |
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567 @var{message} in the echo area, followed by progress percentage. |
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568 @var{message} is treated as a simple string. If you need it to depend |
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569 on a filename, for instance, use @code{format} before calling this |
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570 function. |
57389 | 571 |
572 @var{min-value} and @var{max-value} arguments stand for starting and | |
573 final states of your operation. For instance, if you scan a buffer, | |
574 they should be the results of @code{point-min} and @code{point-max} | |
575 correspondingly. It is required that @var{max-value} is greater than | |
576 @var{min-value}. If you create progress reporter when some part of | |
577 the operation has already been completed, then specify | |
578 @var{current-value} argument. But normally you should omit it or set | |
579 it to @code{nil}---it will default to @var{min-value} then. | |
580 | |
581 Remaining arguments control the rate of echo area updates. Progress | |
582 reporter will wait for at least @var{min-change} more percents of the | |
583 operation to be completed before printing next message. | |
584 @var{min-time} specifies the minimum time in seconds to pass between | |
585 successive prints. It can be fractional. Depending on Emacs and | |
586 system capabilities, progress reporter may or may not respect this | |
587 last argument or do it with varying precision. Default value for | |
588 @var{min-change} is 1 (one percent), for @var{min-time}---0.2 | |
589 (seconds.) | |
590 | |
591 This function calls @code{progress-reporter-update}, so the first | |
592 message is printed immediately. | |
593 @end defun | |
594 | |
595 @defun progress-reporter-update reporter value | |
596 This function does the main work of reporting progress of your | |
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597 operation. It displays the message of @var{reporter}, followed by |
57389 | 598 progress percentage determined by @var{value}. If percentage is zero, |
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599 or close enough according to the @var{min-change} and @var{min-time} |
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600 arguments, then it is omitted from the output. |
57389 | 601 |
602 @var{reporter} must be the result of a call to | |
603 @code{make-progress-reporter}. @var{value} specifies the current | |
604 state of your operation and must be between @var{min-value} and | |
605 @var{max-value} (inclusive) as passed to | |
606 @code{make-progress-reporter}. For instance, if you scan a buffer, | |
607 then @var{value} should be the result of a call to @code{point}. | |
608 | |
609 This function respects @var{min-change} and @var{min-time} as passed | |
610 to @code{make-progress-reporter} and so does not output new messages | |
611 on every invocation. It is thus very fast and normally you should not | |
612 try to reduce the number of calls to it: resulting overhead will most | |
613 likely negate your effort. | |
614 @end defun | |
615 | |
616 @defun progress-reporter-force-update reporter value &optional new-message | |
617 This function is similar to @code{progress-reporter-update} except | |
618 that it prints a message in the echo area unconditionally. | |
619 | |
620 The first two arguments have the same meaning as for | |
621 @code{progress-reporter-update}. Optional @var{new-message} allows | |
622 you to change the message of the @var{reporter}. Since this functions | |
623 always updates the echo area, such a change will be immediately | |
624 presented to the user. | |
625 @end defun | |
626 | |
627 @defun progress-reporter-done reporter | |
628 This function should be called when the operation is finished. It | |
629 prints the message of @var{reporter} followed by word ``done'' in the | |
630 echo area. | |
631 | |
632 You should always call this function and not hope for | |
633 @code{progress-reporter-update} to print ``100%.'' Firstly, it may | |
634 never print it, there are many good reasons for this not to happen. | |
635 Secondly, ``done'' is more explicit. | |
636 @end defun | |
637 | |
59651
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638 @defmac dotimes-with-progress-reporter (var count [result]) message body... |
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639 This is a convenience macro that works the same way as @code{dotimes} |
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640 does, but also reports loop progress using the functions described |
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641 above. It allows you to save some typing. |
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642 |
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643 You can rewrite the example in the beginning of this node using |
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644 this macro this way: |
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645 |
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646 @example |
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647 (dotimes-with-progress-reporter |
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648 (k 500) |
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649 "Collecting some mana for Emacs..." |
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650 (sit-for 0.01)) |
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651 @end example |
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652 @end defmac |
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653 |
12067 | 654 @node Invisible Text |
655 @section Invisible Text | |
656 | |
657 @cindex invisible text | |
658 You can make characters @dfn{invisible}, so that they do not appear on | |
659 the screen, with the @code{invisible} property. This can be either a | |
22138
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660 text property (@pxref{Text Properties}) or a property of an overlay |
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661 (@pxref{Overlays}). Cursor motion also partly ignores these |
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662 characters; if the command loop finds point within them, it moves |
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663 point to the other side of them. |
12067 | 664 |
665 In the simplest case, any non-@code{nil} @code{invisible} property makes | |
666 a character invisible. This is the default case---if you don't alter | |
667 the default value of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}, this is how the | |
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668 @code{invisible} property works. You should normally use @code{t} |
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669 as the value of the @code{invisible} property if you don't plan |
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670 to set @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} yourself. |
12067 | 671 |
672 More generally, you can use the variable @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} | |
673 to control which values of the @code{invisible} property make text | |
674 invisible. This permits you to classify the text into different subsets | |
675 in advance, by giving them different @code{invisible} values, and | |
676 subsequently make various subsets visible or invisible by changing the | |
677 value of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. | |
678 | |
679 Controlling visibility with @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} is | |
25875 | 680 especially useful in a program to display the list of entries in a |
681 database. It permits the implementation of convenient filtering | |
682 commands to view just a part of the entries in the database. Setting | |
683 this variable is very fast, much faster than scanning all the text in | |
684 the buffer looking for properties to change. | |
12067 | 685 |
686 @defvar buffer-invisibility-spec | |
687 This variable specifies which kinds of @code{invisible} properties | |
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688 actually make a character invisible. Setting this variable makes it |
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689 buffer-local. |
12067 | 690 |
691 @table @asis | |
692 @item @code{t} | |
693 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property is | |
694 non-@code{nil}. This is the default. | |
695 | |
696 @item a list | |
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697 Each element of the list specifies a criterion for invisibility; if a |
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698 character's @code{invisible} property fits any one of these criteria, |
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699 the character is invisible. The list can have two kinds of elements: |
12067 | 700 |
701 @table @code | |
702 @item @var{atom} | |
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703 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property value |
12067 | 704 is @var{atom} or if it is a list with @var{atom} as a member. |
705 | |
706 @item (@var{atom} . t) | |
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707 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property value |
12067 | 708 is @var{atom} or if it is a list with @var{atom} as a member. |
709 Moreover, if this character is at the end of a line and is followed | |
710 by a visible newline, it displays an ellipsis. | |
711 @end table | |
712 @end table | |
713 @end defvar | |
714 | |
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715 Two functions are specifically provided for adding elements to |
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716 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} and removing elements from it. |
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717 |
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718 @defun add-to-invisibility-spec element |
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719 This function adds the element @var{element} to |
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720 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} (if it is not already present in that |
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721 list). If @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} was @code{t}, it changes to |
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722 a list, @code{(t)}, so that text whose @code{invisible} property |
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723 is @code{t} remains invisible. |
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724 @end defun |
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725 |
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726 @defun remove-from-invisibility-spec element |
54023 | 727 This removes the element @var{element} from |
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728 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. This does nothing if @var{element} |
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729 is not in the list. |
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730 @end defun |
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731 |
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732 A convention for use of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} is that a |
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733 major mode should use the mode's own name as an element of |
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734 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} and as the value of the |
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735 @code{invisible} property: |
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736 |
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737 @example |
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738 ;; @r{If you want to display an ellipsis:} |
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739 (add-to-invisibility-spec '(my-symbol . t)) |
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740 ;; @r{If you don't want ellipsis:} |
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741 (add-to-invisibility-spec 'my-symbol) |
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742 |
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743 (overlay-put (make-overlay beginning end) |
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744 'invisible 'my-symbol) |
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745 |
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746 ;; @r{When done with the overlays:} |
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747 (remove-from-invisibility-spec '(my-symbol . t)) |
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748 ;; @r{Or respectively:} |
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749 (remove-from-invisibility-spec 'my-symbol) |
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750 @end example |
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751 |
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752 @vindex line-move-ignore-invisible |
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753 Ordinarily, functions that operate on text or move point do not care |
15761
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754 whether the text is invisible. The user-level line motion commands |
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755 explicitly ignore invisible newlines if |
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756 @code{line-move-ignore-invisible} is non-@code{nil}, but only because |
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757 they are explicitly programmed to do so. |
12098 | 758 |
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759 However, if a command ends with point inside or immediately after |
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760 invisible text, the main editing loop moves point further forward or |
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761 further backward (in the same direction that the command already moved |
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762 it) until that condition is no longer true. Thus, if the command |
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763 moved point back into an invisible range, Emacs moves point back to |
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764 the beginning of that range, following the previous visible character. |
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765 If the command moved point forward into an invisible range, Emacs |
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766 moves point forward past the first visible character that follows the |
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767 invisible text. |
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768 |
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769 Incremental search can make invisible overlays visible temporarily |
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770 and/or permanently when a match includes invisible text. To enable |
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771 this, the overlay should have a non-@code{nil} |
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772 @code{isearch-open-invisible} property. The property value should be a |
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773 function to be called with the overlay as an argument. This function |
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774 should make the overlay visible permanently; it is used when the match |
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775 overlaps the overlay on exit from the search. |
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776 |
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777 During the search, such overlays are made temporarily visible by |
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778 temporarily modifying their invisible and intangible properties. If you |
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779 want this to be done differently for a certain overlay, give it an |
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780 @code{isearch-open-invisible-temporary} property which is a function. |
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781 The function is called with two arguments: the first is the overlay, and |
26986 | 782 the second is @code{nil} to make the overlay visible, or @code{t} to |
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783 make it invisible again. |
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784 |
6598 | 785 @node Selective Display |
786 @section Selective Display | |
787 @cindex selective display | |
788 | |
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789 @dfn{Selective display} refers to a pair of related features for |
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790 hiding certain lines on the screen. |
6598 | 791 |
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792 The first variant, explicit selective display, is designed for use |
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793 in a Lisp program: it controls which lines are hidden by altering the |
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794 text. This kind of hiding in some ways resembles the effect of the |
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795 @code{invisible} property (@pxref{Invisible Text}), but the two |
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796 features are different and do not work the same way. |
12067 | 797 |
798 In the second variant, the choice of lines to hide is made | |
12098 | 799 automatically based on indentation. This variant is designed to be a |
12067 | 800 user-level feature. |
6598 | 801 |
802 The way you control explicit selective display is by replacing a | |
9009 | 803 newline (control-j) with a carriage return (control-m). The text that |
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804 was formerly a line following that newline is now hidden. Strictly |
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805 speaking, it is temporarily no longer a line at all, since only |
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806 newlines can separate lines; it is now part of the previous line. |
6598 | 807 |
808 Selective display does not directly affect editing commands. For | |
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809 example, @kbd{C-f} (@code{forward-char}) moves point unhesitatingly |
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810 into hidden text. However, the replacement of newline characters with |
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811 carriage return characters affects some editing commands. For |
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812 example, @code{next-line} skips hidden lines, since it searches only |
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813 for newlines. Modes that use selective display can also define |
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814 commands that take account of the newlines, or that control which |
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815 parts of the text are hidden. |
6598 | 816 |
817 When you write a selectively displayed buffer into a file, all the | |
818 control-m's are output as newlines. This means that when you next read | |
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819 in the file, it looks OK, with nothing hidden. The selective display |
6598 | 820 effect is seen only within Emacs. |
821 | |
822 @defvar selective-display | |
823 This buffer-local variable enables selective display. This means that | |
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824 lines, or portions of lines, may be made hidden. |
6598 | 825 |
826 @itemize @bullet | |
827 @item | |
25875 | 828 If the value of @code{selective-display} is @code{t}, then the character |
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829 control-m marks the start of hidden text; the control-m, and the rest |
25875 | 830 of the line following it, are not displayed. This is explicit selective |
831 display. | |
6598 | 832 |
833 @item | |
834 If the value of @code{selective-display} is a positive integer, then | |
835 lines that start with more than that many columns of indentation are not | |
836 displayed. | |
837 @end itemize | |
838 | |
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839 When some portion of a buffer is hidden, the vertical movement |
6598 | 840 commands operate as if that portion did not exist, allowing a single |
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841 @code{next-line} command to skip any number of hidden lines. |
6598 | 842 However, character movement commands (such as @code{forward-char}) do |
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843 not skip the hidden portion, and it is possible (if tricky) to insert |
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844 or delete text in an hidden portion. |
6598 | 845 |
846 In the examples below, we show the @emph{display appearance} of the | |
847 buffer @code{foo}, which changes with the value of | |
848 @code{selective-display}. The @emph{contents} of the buffer do not | |
849 change. | |
850 | |
851 @example | |
852 @group | |
853 (setq selective-display nil) | |
854 @result{} nil | |
855 | |
856 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
857 1 on this column | |
858 2on this column | |
859 3n this column | |
860 3n this column | |
861 2on this column | |
862 1 on this column | |
863 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
864 @end group | |
865 | |
866 @group | |
867 (setq selective-display 2) | |
868 @result{} 2 | |
869 | |
870 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
871 1 on this column | |
872 2on this column | |
873 2on this column | |
874 1 on this column | |
875 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
876 @end group | |
877 @end example | |
878 @end defvar | |
879 | |
880 @defvar selective-display-ellipses | |
881 If this buffer-local variable is non-@code{nil}, then Emacs displays | |
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882 @samp{@dots{}} at the end of a line that is followed by hidden text. |
6598 | 883 This example is a continuation of the previous one. |
884 | |
885 @example | |
886 @group | |
887 (setq selective-display-ellipses t) | |
888 @result{} t | |
889 | |
890 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
891 1 on this column | |
892 2on this column ... | |
893 2on this column | |
894 1 on this column | |
895 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
896 @end group | |
897 @end example | |
898 | |
899 You can use a display table to substitute other text for the ellipsis | |
900 (@samp{@dots{}}). @xref{Display Tables}. | |
901 @end defvar | |
902 | |
903 @node Temporary Displays | |
904 @section Temporary Displays | |
905 | |
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906 Temporary displays are used by Lisp programs to put output into a |
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907 buffer and then present it to the user for perusal rather than for |
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908 editing. Many help commands use this feature. |
6598 | 909 |
910 @defspec with-output-to-temp-buffer buffer-name forms@dots{} | |
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911 This function executes @var{forms} while arranging to insert any output |
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912 they print into the buffer named @var{buffer-name}, which is first |
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913 created if necessary, and put into Help mode. Finally, the buffer is |
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914 displayed in some window, but not selected. |
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915 |
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916 If the @var{forms} do not change the major mode in the output buffer, |
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917 so that it is still Help mode at the end of their execution, then |
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918 @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} makes this buffer read-only at the |
52923
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919 end, and also scans it for function and variable names to make them |
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920 into clickable cross-references. @xref{Docstring hyperlinks, , Tips |
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921 for Documentation Strings}, in particular the item on hyperlinks in |
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922 documentation strings, for more details. |
6598 | 923 |
924 The string @var{buffer-name} specifies the temporary buffer, which | |
925 need not already exist. The argument must be a string, not a buffer. | |
926 The buffer is erased initially (with no questions asked), and it is | |
927 marked as unmodified after @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} exits. | |
928 | |
929 @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} binds @code{standard-output} to the | |
930 temporary buffer, then it evaluates the forms in @var{forms}. Output | |
931 using the Lisp output functions within @var{forms} goes by default to | |
932 that buffer (but screen display and messages in the echo area, although | |
933 they are ``output'' in the general sense of the word, are not affected). | |
934 @xref{Output Functions}. | |
935 | |
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936 Several hooks are available for customizing the behavior |
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937 of this construct; they are listed below. |
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938 |
6598 | 939 The value of the last form in @var{forms} is returned. |
940 | |
941 @example | |
942 @group | |
943 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
944 This is the contents of foo. | |
945 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
946 @end group | |
947 | |
948 @group | |
949 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "foo" | |
950 (print 20) | |
951 (print standard-output)) | |
952 @result{} #<buffer foo> | |
953 | |
954 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
955 20 | |
956 | |
957 #<buffer foo> | |
958 | |
959 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
960 @end group | |
961 @end example | |
962 @end defspec | |
963 | |
964 @defvar temp-buffer-show-function | |
9009 | 965 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} |
6598 | 966 calls it as a function to do the job of displaying a help buffer. The |
967 function gets one argument, which is the buffer it should display. | |
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968 |
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969 It is a good idea for this function to run @code{temp-buffer-show-hook} |
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970 just as @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} normally would, inside of |
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971 @code{save-selected-window} and with the chosen window and buffer |
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972 selected. |
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973 @end defvar |
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974 |
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975 @defvar temp-buffer-setup-hook |
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976 @tindex temp-buffer-setup-hook |
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977 This normal hook is run by @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} before |
42082 | 978 evaluating @var{body}. When the hook runs, the temporary buffer is |
979 current. This hook is normally set up with a function to put the | |
980 buffer in Help mode. | |
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981 @end defvar |
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982 |
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983 @defvar temp-buffer-show-hook |
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984 This normal hook is run by @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} after |
42082 | 985 displaying the temporary buffer. When the hook runs, the temporary buffer |
986 is current, and the window it was displayed in is selected. This hook | |
987 is normally set up with a function to make the buffer read only, and | |
988 find function names and variable names in it, provided the major mode | |
989 is Help mode. | |
6598 | 990 @end defvar |
991 | |
992 @defun momentary-string-display string position &optional char message | |
993 This function momentarily displays @var{string} in the current buffer at | |
994 @var{position}. It has no effect on the undo list or on the buffer's | |
995 modification status. | |
996 | |
997 The momentary display remains until the next input event. If the next | |
998 input event is @var{char}, @code{momentary-string-display} ignores it | |
999 and returns. Otherwise, that event remains buffered for subsequent use | |
1000 as input. Thus, typing @var{char} will simply remove the string from | |
1001 the display, while typing (say) @kbd{C-f} will remove the string from | |
1002 the display and later (presumably) move point forward. The argument | |
1003 @var{char} is a space by default. | |
1004 | |
1005 The return value of @code{momentary-string-display} is not meaningful. | |
1006 | |
12098 | 1007 If the string @var{string} does not contain control characters, you can |
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1008 do the same job in a more general way by creating (and then subsequently |
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1009 deleting) an overlay with a @code{before-string} property. |
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1010 @xref{Overlay Properties}. |
12098 | 1011 |
6598 | 1012 If @var{message} is non-@code{nil}, it is displayed in the echo area |
1013 while @var{string} is displayed in the buffer. If it is @code{nil}, a | |
1014 default message says to type @var{char} to continue. | |
1015 | |
1016 In this example, point is initially located at the beginning of the | |
1017 second line: | |
1018 | |
1019 @example | |
1020 @group | |
1021 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1022 This is the contents of foo. | |
1023 @point{}Second line. | |
1024 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1025 @end group | |
1026 | |
1027 @group | |
1028 (momentary-string-display | |
1029 "**** Important Message! ****" | |
1030 (point) ?\r | |
1031 "Type RET when done reading") | |
1032 @result{} t | |
1033 @end group | |
1034 | |
1035 @group | |
1036 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1037 This is the contents of foo. | |
1038 **** Important Message! ****Second line. | |
1039 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1040 | |
1041 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
1042 Type RET when done reading | |
1043 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
1044 @end group | |
1045 @end example | |
1046 @end defun | |
1047 | |
1048 @node Overlays | |
1049 @section Overlays | |
1050 @cindex overlays | |
1051 | |
1052 You can use @dfn{overlays} to alter the appearance of a buffer's text on | |
12098 | 1053 the screen, for the sake of presentation features. An overlay is an |
1054 object that belongs to a particular buffer, and has a specified | |
1055 beginning and end. It also has properties that you can examine and set; | |
1056 these affect the display of the text within the overlay. | |
6598 | 1057 |
54023 | 1058 An overlays uses markers to record its beginning and end; thus, |
1059 editing the text of the buffer adjusts the beginning and end of each | |
1060 overlay so that it stays with the text. When you create the overlay, | |
1061 you can specify whether text inserted at the beginning should be | |
1062 inside the overlay or outside, and likewise for the end of the overlay. | |
1063 | |
6598 | 1064 @menu |
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1065 * Managing Overlays:: Creating and moving overlays. |
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1066 * Overlay Properties:: How to read and set properties. |
6598 | 1067 What properties do to the screen display. |
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1068 * Finding Overlays:: Searching for overlays. |
6598 | 1069 @end menu |
1070 | |
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1071 @node Managing Overlays |
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1072 @subsection Managing Overlays |
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1073 |
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1074 This section describes the functions to create, delete and move |
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1075 overlays, and to examine their contents. Overlay changes are not |
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1076 recorded in the buffer's undo list, since the overlays are not |
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1077 part of the buffer's contents. |
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1078 |
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1079 @defun overlayp object |
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1080 This function returns @code{t} if @var{object} is an overlay. |
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1081 @end defun |
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1082 |
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1083 @defun make-overlay start end &optional buffer front-advance rear-advance |
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1084 This function creates and returns an overlay that belongs to |
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1085 @var{buffer} and ranges from @var{start} to @var{end}. Both @var{start} |
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1086 and @var{end} must specify buffer positions; they may be integers or |
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1087 markers. If @var{buffer} is omitted, the overlay is created in the |
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1088 current buffer. |
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1089 |
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1090 The arguments @var{front-advance} and @var{rear-advance} specify the |
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1091 insertion type for the start of the overlay and for the end of the |
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1092 overlay, respectively. @xref{Marker Insertion Types}. If |
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1093 @var{front-advance} is non-@code{nil}, text inserted at the beginning |
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1094 of the overlay is excluded from the overlay. If @var{read-advance} is |
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1095 non-@code{nil}, text inserted at the beginning of the overlay is |
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1096 included in the overlay. |
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1097 @end defun |
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1098 |
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1099 @defun overlay-start overlay |
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1100 This function returns the position at which @var{overlay} starts, |
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1101 as an integer. |
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1102 @end defun |
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1103 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1104 @defun overlay-end overlay |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1105 This function returns the position at which @var{overlay} ends, |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1106 as an integer. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1107 @end defun |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1108 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1109 @defun overlay-buffer overlay |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1110 This function returns the buffer that @var{overlay} belongs to. It |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1111 returns @code{nil} if @var{overlay} has been deleted. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1112 @end defun |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1113 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1114 @defun delete-overlay overlay |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1115 This function deletes @var{overlay}. The overlay continues to exist as |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1116 a Lisp object, and its property list is unchanged, but it ceases to be |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1117 attached to the buffer it belonged to, and ceases to have any effect on |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1118 display. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1119 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1120 A deleted overlay is not permanently disconnected. You can give it a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1121 position in a buffer again by calling @code{move-overlay}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1122 @end defun |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1123 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1124 @defun move-overlay overlay start end &optional buffer |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1125 This function moves @var{overlay} to @var{buffer}, and places its bounds |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1126 at @var{start} and @var{end}. Both arguments @var{start} and @var{end} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1127 must specify buffer positions; they may be integers or markers. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
1128 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1129 If @var{buffer} is omitted, @var{overlay} stays in the same buffer it |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1130 was already associated with; if @var{overlay} was deleted, it goes into |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1131 the current buffer. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1132 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1133 The return value is @var{overlay}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1134 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1135 This is the only valid way to change the endpoints of an overlay. Do |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1136 not try modifying the markers in the overlay by hand, as that fails to |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1137 update other vital data structures and can cause some overlays to be |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1138 ``lost''. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1139 @end defun |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1140 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1141 Here are some examples: |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1142 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1143 @example |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1144 ;; @r{Create an overlay.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1145 (setq foo (make-overlay 1 10)) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1146 @result{} #<overlay from 1 to 10 in display.texi> |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1147 (overlay-start foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1148 @result{} 1 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1149 (overlay-end foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1150 @result{} 10 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1151 (overlay-buffer foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1152 @result{} #<buffer display.texi> |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1153 ;; @r{Give it a property we can check later.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1154 (overlay-put foo 'happy t) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1155 @result{} t |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1156 ;; @r{Verify the property is present.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1157 (overlay-get foo 'happy) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1158 @result{} t |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1159 ;; @r{Move the overlay.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1160 (move-overlay foo 5 20) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1161 @result{} #<overlay from 5 to 20 in display.texi> |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1162 (overlay-start foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1163 @result{} 5 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1164 (overlay-end foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1165 @result{} 20 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1166 ;; @r{Delete the overlay.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1167 (delete-overlay foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1168 @result{} nil |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1169 ;; @r{Verify it is deleted.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1170 foo |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1171 @result{} #<overlay in no buffer> |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1172 ;; @r{A deleted overlay has no position.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1173 (overlay-start foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1174 @result{} nil |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1175 (overlay-end foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1176 @result{} nil |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1177 (overlay-buffer foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1178 @result{} nil |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1179 ;; @r{Undelete the overlay.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1180 (move-overlay foo 1 20) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1181 @result{} #<overlay from 1 to 20 in display.texi> |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1182 ;; @r{Verify the results.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1183 (overlay-start foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1184 @result{} 1 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1185 (overlay-end foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1186 @result{} 20 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1187 (overlay-buffer foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1188 @result{} #<buffer display.texi> |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1189 ;; @r{Moving and deleting the overlay does not change its properties.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1190 (overlay-get foo 'happy) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1191 @result{} t |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1192 @end example |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1193 |
6598 | 1194 @node Overlay Properties |
1195 @subsection Overlay Properties | |
1196 | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
1197 Overlay properties are like text properties in that the properties that |
22138
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21682
diff
changeset
|
1198 alter how a character is displayed can come from either source. But in |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1199 most respects they are different. @xref{Text Properties}, for comparison. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1200 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1201 Text properties are considered a part of the text; overlays and |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1202 their properties are specifically considered not to be part of the |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1203 text. Thus, copying text between various buffers and strings |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1204 preserves text properties, but does not try to preserve overlays. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1205 Changing a buffer's text properties marks the buffer as modified, |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1206 while moving an overlay or changing its properties does not. Unlike |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1207 text property changes, overlay property changes are not recorded in |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1208 the buffer's undo list. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1209 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1210 These functions read and set the properties of an overlay: |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
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1211 |
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1212 @defun overlay-get overlay prop |
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1213 This function returns the value of property @var{prop} recorded in |
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1214 @var{overlay}, if any. If @var{overlay} does not record any value for |
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1215 that property, but it does have a @code{category} property which is a |
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1216 symbol, that symbol's @var{prop} property is used. Otherwise, the value |
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1217 is @code{nil}. |
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1218 @end defun |
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1219 |
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1220 @defun overlay-put overlay prop value |
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1221 This function sets the value of property @var{prop} recorded in |
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1222 @var{overlay} to @var{value}. It returns @var{value}. |
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1223 @end defun |
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1224 |
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1225 @defun overlay-properties overlay |
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1226 This returns a copy of the property list of @var{overlay}. |
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1227 @end defun |
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1228 |
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1229 See also the function @code{get-char-property} which checks both |
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1230 overlay properties and text properties for a given character. |
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1231 @xref{Examining Properties}. |
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1232 |
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1233 Many overlay properties have special meanings; here is a table |
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1234 of them: |
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1235 |
6598 | 1236 @table @code |
1237 @item priority | |
1238 @kindex priority @r{(overlay property)} | |
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1239 This property's value (which should be a nonnegative integer number) |
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1240 determines the priority of the overlay. The priority matters when two |
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1241 or more overlays cover the same character and both specify the same |
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1242 property; the one whose @code{priority} value is larger takes priority |
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1243 over the other. For the @code{face} property, the higher priority |
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1244 value does not completely replace the other; instead, its face |
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1245 attributes override the face attributes of the lower priority |
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1246 @code{face} property. |
6598 | 1247 |
1248 Currently, all overlays take priority over text properties. Please | |
1249 avoid using negative priority values, as we have not yet decided just | |
1250 what they should mean. | |
1251 | |
1252 @item window | |
1253 @kindex window @r{(overlay property)} | |
1254 If the @code{window} property is non-@code{nil}, then the overlay | |
1255 applies only on that window. | |
1256 | |
12067 | 1257 @item category |
1258 @kindex category @r{(overlay property)} | |
1259 If an overlay has a @code{category} property, we call it the | |
12098 | 1260 @dfn{category} of the overlay. It should be a symbol. The properties |
12067 | 1261 of the symbol serve as defaults for the properties of the overlay. |
1262 | |
6598 | 1263 @item face |
1264 @kindex face @r{(overlay property)} | |
21007
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1265 This property controls the way text is displayed---for example, which |
25751
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1266 font and which colors. @xref{Faces}, for more information. |
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1267 |
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1268 In the simplest case, the value is a face name. It can also be a list; |
25875 | 1269 then each element can be any of these possibilities: |
25751
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1270 |
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1271 @itemize @bullet |
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1272 @item |
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1273 A face name (a symbol or string). |
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1274 |
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1275 @item |
60442
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1276 A property list of face attributes. This has the form (@var{keyword} |
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1277 @var{value} @dots{}), where each @var{keyword} is a face attribute |
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1278 name and @var{value} is a meaningful value for that attribute. With |
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1279 this feature, you do not need to create a face each time you want to |
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1280 specify a particular attribute for certain text. @xref{Face |
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1281 Attributes}. |
25751
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1282 |
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1283 @item |
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1284 A cons cell of the form @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} or |
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1285 @code{(background-color . @var{color-name})}. These elements specify |
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1286 just the foreground color or just the background color. |
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1287 |
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1288 @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} is equivalent to |
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1289 @code{(:foreground @var{color-name})}, and likewise for the background. |
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1290 @end itemize |
6598 | 1291 |
1292 @item mouse-face | |
1293 @kindex mouse-face @r{(overlay property)} | |
1294 This property is used instead of @code{face} when the mouse is within | |
21007
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1295 the range of the overlay. |
6598 | 1296 |
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1297 @item display |
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1298 @kindex display @r{(overlay property)} |
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1299 This property activates various features that change the |
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1300 way text is displayed. For example, it can make text appear taller |
38278 | 1301 or shorter, higher or lower, wider or narrower, or replaced with an image. |
25751
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1302 @xref{Display Property}. |
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1303 |
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1304 @item help-echo |
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1305 @kindex help-echo @r{(overlay property)} |
31373
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1306 If an overlay has a @code{help-echo} property, then when you move the |
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1307 mouse onto the text in the overlay, Emacs displays a help string in the |
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1308 echo area, or in the tooltip window. For details see @ref{Text |
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1309 help-echo}. |
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1310 |
6598 | 1311 @item modification-hooks |
1312 @kindex modification-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
1313 This property's value is a list of functions to be called if any | |
1314 character within the overlay is changed or if text is inserted strictly | |
12067 | 1315 within the overlay. |
1316 | |
1317 The hook functions are called both before and after each change. | |
1318 If the functions save the information they receive, and compare notes | |
1319 between calls, they can determine exactly what change has been made | |
1320 in the buffer text. | |
1321 | |
1322 When called before a change, each function receives four arguments: the | |
1323 overlay, @code{nil}, and the beginning and end of the text range to be | |
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1324 modified. |
6598 | 1325 |
12067 | 1326 When called after a change, each function receives five arguments: the |
1327 overlay, @code{t}, the beginning and end of the text range just | |
1328 modified, and the length of the pre-change text replaced by that range. | |
1329 (For an insertion, the pre-change length is zero; for a deletion, that | |
1330 length is the number of characters deleted, and the post-change | |
12098 | 1331 beginning and end are equal.) |
12067 | 1332 |
6598 | 1333 @item insert-in-front-hooks |
1334 @kindex insert-in-front-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1335 This property's value is a list of functions to be called before and |
1336 after inserting text right at the beginning of the overlay. The calling | |
1337 conventions are the same as for the @code{modification-hooks} functions. | |
6598 | 1338 |
1339 @item insert-behind-hooks | |
1340 @kindex insert-behind-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1341 This property's value is a list of functions to be called before and |
1342 after inserting text right at the end of the overlay. The calling | |
1343 conventions are the same as for the @code{modification-hooks} functions. | |
6598 | 1344 |
1345 @item invisible | |
1346 @kindex invisible @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1347 The @code{invisible} property can make the text in the overlay |
1348 invisible, which means that it does not appear on the screen. | |
1349 @xref{Invisible Text}, for details. | |
1350 | |
1351 @item intangible | |
1352 @kindex intangible @r{(overlay property)} | |
1353 The @code{intangible} property on an overlay works just like the | |
12098 | 1354 @code{intangible} text property. @xref{Special Properties}, for details. |
21007
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1355 |
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1356 @item isearch-open-invisible |
22138
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1357 This property tells incremental search how to make an invisible overlay |
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1358 visible, permanently, if the final match overlaps it. @xref{Invisible |
21007
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1359 Text}. |
6598 | 1360 |
22138
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1361 @item isearch-open-invisible-temporary |
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1362 This property tells incremental search how to make an invisible overlay |
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1363 visible, temporarily, during the search. @xref{Invisible Text}. |
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1364 |
6598 | 1365 @item before-string |
1366 @kindex before-string @r{(overlay property)} | |
1367 This property's value is a string to add to the display at the beginning | |
1368 of the overlay. The string does not appear in the buffer in any | |
25875 | 1369 sense---only on the screen. |
6598 | 1370 |
1371 @item after-string | |
1372 @kindex after-string @r{(overlay property)} | |
1373 This property's value is a string to add to the display at the end of | |
1374 the overlay. The string does not appear in the buffer in any | |
25875 | 1375 sense---only on the screen. |
12067 | 1376 |
1377 @item evaporate | |
1378 @kindex evaporate @r{(overlay property)} | |
1379 If this property is non-@code{nil}, the overlay is deleted automatically | |
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1380 if it becomes empty (i.e., if its length becomes zero). If you give |
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1381 an empty overlay a non-@code{nil} @code{evaporate} property, that deletes |
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1382 it immediately. |
16123
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1383 |
29102 | 1384 @item local-map |
29076 | 1385 @cindex keymap of character (and overlays) |
29102 | 1386 @kindex local-map @r{(overlay property)} |
29076 | 1387 If this property is non-@code{nil}, it specifies a keymap for a portion |
1388 of the text. The property's value replaces the buffer's local map, when | |
1389 the character after point is within the overlay. @xref{Active Keymaps}. | |
33996 | 1390 |
1391 @item keymap | |
1392 @kindex keymap @r{(overlay property)} | |
1393 The @code{keymap} property is similar to @code{local-map} but overrides the | |
1394 buffer's local map (and the map specified by the @code{local-map} | |
1395 property) rather than replacing it. | |
29076 | 1396 @end table |
1397 | |
26696
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1398 @node Finding Overlays |
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1399 @subsection Searching for Overlays |
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1400 |
6598 | 1401 @defun overlays-at pos |
26696
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1402 This function returns a list of all the overlays that cover the |
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1403 character at position @var{pos} in the current buffer. The list is in |
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1404 no particular order. An overlay contains position @var{pos} if it |
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1405 begins at or before @var{pos}, and ends after @var{pos}. |
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1406 |
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1407 To illustrate usage, here is a Lisp function that returns a list of the |
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1408 overlays that specify property @var{prop} for the character at point: |
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1409 |
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|
1410 @smallexample |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1411 (defun find-overlays-specifying (prop) |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1412 (let ((overlays (overlays-at (point))) |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1413 found) |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1414 (while overlays |
37170
29f2615d958f
(Finding Overlays): Fix example code.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
36935
diff
changeset
|
1415 (let ((overlay (car overlays))) |
26696
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1416 (if (overlay-get overlay prop) |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1417 (setq found (cons overlay found)))) |
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1418 (setq overlays (cdr overlays))) |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1419 found)) |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1420 @end smallexample |
6598 | 1421 @end defun |
1422 | |
22138
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|
1423 @defun overlays-in beg end |
21007
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|
1424 This function returns a list of the overlays that overlap the region |
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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|
1425 @var{beg} through @var{end}. ``Overlap'' means that at least one |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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|
1426 character is contained within the overlay and also contained within the |
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|
1427 specified region; however, empty overlays are included in the result if |
26696
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
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|
1428 they are located at @var{beg}, or strictly between @var{beg} and @var{end}. |
21007
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|
1429 @end defun |
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|
1430 |
6598 | 1431 @defun next-overlay-change pos |
1432 This function returns the buffer position of the next beginning or end | |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1433 of an overlay, after @var{pos}. If there is none, it returns |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1434 @code{(point-max)}. |
6598 | 1435 @end defun |
1436 | |
12067 | 1437 @defun previous-overlay-change pos |
1438 This function returns the buffer position of the previous beginning or | |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1439 end of an overlay, before @var{pos}. If there is none, it returns |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1440 @code{(point-min)}. |
12067 | 1441 @end defun |
1442 | |
26696
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
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|
1443 Here's an easy way to use @code{next-overlay-change} to search for the |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1444 next character which gets a non-@code{nil} @code{happy} property from |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1445 either its overlays or its text properties (@pxref{Property Search}): |
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1446 |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1447 @smallexample |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1448 (defun find-overlay-prop (prop) |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1449 (save-excursion |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1450 (while (and (not (eobp)) |
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1451 (not (get-char-property (point) 'happy))) |
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1452 (goto-char (min (next-overlay-change (point)) |
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1453 (next-single-property-change (point) 'happy)))) |
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1454 (point))) |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
changeset
|
1455 @end smallexample |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
26400
diff
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|
1456 |
21007
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|
1457 @node Width |
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|
1458 @section Width |
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*** empty log message ***
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|
1459 |
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|
1460 Since not all characters have the same width, these functions let you |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
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|
1461 check the width of a character. @xref{Primitive Indent}, and |
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|
1462 @ref{Screen Lines}, for related functions. |
21007
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|
1463 |
22138
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|
1464 @defun char-width char |
21007
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|
1465 This function returns the width in columns of the character @var{char}, |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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|
1466 if it were displayed in the current buffer and the selected window. |
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|
1467 @end defun |
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|
1468 |
22138
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|
1469 @defun string-width string |
21007
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|
1470 This function returns the width in columns of the string @var{string}, |
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*** empty log message ***
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|
1471 if it were displayed in the current buffer and the selected window. |
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|
1472 @end defun |
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|
1473 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1474 @defun truncate-string-to-width string width &optional start-column padding ellipsis |
21007
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|
1475 This function returns the part of @var{string} that fits within |
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|
1476 @var{width} columns, as a new string. |
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|
1477 |
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|
1478 If @var{string} does not reach @var{width}, then the result ends where |
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*** empty log message ***
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|
1479 @var{string} ends. If one multi-column character in @var{string} |
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*** empty log message ***
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|
1480 extends across the column @var{width}, that character is not included in |
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|
1481 the result. Thus, the result can fall short of @var{width} but cannot |
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|
1482 go beyond it. |
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|
1483 |
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|
1484 The optional argument @var{start-column} specifies the starting column. |
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|
1485 If this is non-@code{nil}, then the first @var{start-column} columns of |
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|
1486 the string are omitted from the value. If one multi-column character in |
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|
1487 @var{string} extends across the column @var{start-column}, that |
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|
1488 character is not included. |
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|
1489 |
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|
1490 The optional argument @var{padding}, if non-@code{nil}, is a padding |
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|
1491 character added at the beginning and end of the result string, to extend |
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|
1492 it to exactly @var{width} columns. The padding character is used at the |
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|
1493 end of the result if it falls short of @var{width}. It is also used at |
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|
1494 the beginning of the result if one multi-column character in |
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|
1495 @var{string} extends across the column @var{start-column}. |
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|
1496 |
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|
1497 If @var{ellipsis} is non-@code{nil}, it should be a string which will |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1498 replace the end of @var{str} (including any padding) if it extends |
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|
1499 beyond @var{end-column}, unless the display width of @var{str} is |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1500 equal to or less than the display width of @var{ellipsis}. If |
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|
1501 @var{ellipsis} is non-@code{nil} and not a string, it stands for |
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|
1502 @code{"..."}. |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1503 |
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1504 @example |
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1505 (truncate-string-to-width "\tab\t" 12 4) |
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1506 @result{} "ab" |
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|
1507 (truncate-string-to-width "\tab\t" 12 4 ?\s) |
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1508 @result{} " ab " |
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1509 @end example |
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1510 @end defun |
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1511 |
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1512 @node Line Height |
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|
1513 @section Line Height |
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|
1514 @cindex line height |
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|
1515 |
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|
1516 The total height of each display line consists of the height of the |
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|
1517 contents of the line, and additional vertical line spacing below the |
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|
1518 display row. |
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|
1519 |
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|
1520 The height of the line contents is normally determined from the |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1521 maximum height of any character or image on that display line, |
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|
1522 including the final newline if there is one. (A line that is |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1523 continued doesn't include a final newline.) In the most common case, |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1524 the line height equals the height of the default frame font. |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1525 |
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|
1526 There are several ways to explicitly control or change the line |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1527 height, either by specifying an absolute height for the display line, |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1528 or by adding additional vertical space below one or all lines. |
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|
1529 |
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|
1530 @kindex line-height @r{(text property)} |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1531 A newline can have a @code{line-height} text or overlay property |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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58883
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|
1532 that controls the total height of the display line ending in that |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1533 newline. |
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|
1534 |
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|
1535 If the property value is a list @code{(@var{height} @var{total})}, |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1536 then @var{height} is used as the actual property value for the |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1537 @code{line-height}, and @var{total} specifies the total displayed |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1538 height of the line, so the line spacing added below the line equals |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1539 the @var{total} height minus the actual line height. In this case, |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1540 the other ways to specify the line spacing are ignored. |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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diff
changeset
|
1541 |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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diff
changeset
|
1542 If the property value is @code{t}, the displayed height of the |
59137
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(Line Height): Further clarify.
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|
1543 line is exactly what its contents demand; no line-spacing is added. |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1544 This case is useful for tiling small images or image slices without |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1545 adding blank areas between the images. |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1546 |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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changeset
|
1547 If the property value is not @code{t}, it is a height spec. A height |
59137
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1548 spec stands for a numeric height value; this heigh spec specifies the |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1549 actual line height, @var{line-height}. There are several ways to |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1550 write a height spec; here's how each of them translates into a numeric |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1551 height: |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1552 |
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|
1553 @table @code |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1554 @item @var{integer} |
59137
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|
1555 If the height spec is a positive integer, the height value is that integer. |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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diff
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|
1556 @item @var{float} |
59137
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|
1557 If the height spec is a float, @var{float}, the numeric height value |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1558 is @var{float} times the frame's default line height. |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1559 @item (@var{face} . @var{ratio}) |
59137
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diff
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|
1560 If the height spec is a cons of the format shown, the numeric height |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1561 is @var{ratio} times the height of face @var{face}. @var{ratio} can |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1562 be any type of number, or @code{nil} which means a ratio of 1. |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1563 If @var{face} is @code{t}, it refers to the current face. |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1564 @item (@code{nil} . @var{ratio}) |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1565 If the height spec is a cons of the format shown, the numeric height |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1566 is @var{ratio} times the height of the contents of the line. |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1567 @end table |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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diff
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|
1568 |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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|
1569 Thus, any valid non-@code{t} property value specifies a height in pixels, |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1570 @var{line-height}, one way or another. If the line contents' height |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1571 is less than @var{line-height}, Emacs adds extra vertical space above |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1572 the line to achieve the total height @var{line-height}. Otherwise, |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1573 @var{line-height} has no effect. |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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diff
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|
1574 |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1575 If you don't specify the @code{line-height} propery, the line's |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1576 height consists of the contents' height plus the line spacing. |
59137
d7025bc399f1
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parents:
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diff
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|
1577 There are several ways to specify the line spacing for different |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
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diff
changeset
|
1578 parts of Emacs text. |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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diff
changeset
|
1579 |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1580 @vindex default-line-spacing |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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diff
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|
1581 You can specify the line spacing for all lines in a frame with the |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1582 @code{line-spacing} frame parameter, @xref{Window Frame Parameters}. |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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diff
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|
1583 However, if the variable @code{default-line-spacing} is |
58883
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|
1584 non-@code{nil}, it overrides the frame's @code{line-spacing} |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1585 parameter. An integer value specifies the number of pixels put below |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1586 lines on window systems. A floating point number specifies the |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1587 spacing relative to the frame's default line height. |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1588 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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diff
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|
1589 @vindex line-spacing |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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diff
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|
1590 You can specify the line spacing for all lines in a buffer via the |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1591 buffer-local @code{line-spacing} variable. An integer value specifies |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
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|
1592 the number of pixels put below lines on window systems. A floating |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1593 point number specifies the spacing relative to the default frame line |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
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|
1594 height. This overrides line spacings specified for the frame. |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1595 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1596 @kindex line-spacing @r{(text property)} |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1597 Finally, a newline can have a @code{line-spacing} text or overlay |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1598 property that controls the height of the display line ending with that |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1599 newline. The property value overrides the default frame line spacing |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1600 and the buffer local @code{line-spacing} variable. |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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diff
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|
1601 |
59137
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(Line Height): Further clarify.
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diff
changeset
|
1602 One way or another, these mechanisms specify a Lisp value for the |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
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parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1603 spacing of each line. The value is a height spec, and it translates |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
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parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1604 into a Lisp value as described above. However, in this case the |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
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|
1605 numeric height value specifies the line spacing, rather than the line |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1606 height. |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
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diff
changeset
|
1607 |
6598 | 1608 @node Faces |
1609 @section Faces | |
40469
aa8474236e9e
Index "faces" instead of "face".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1610 @cindex faces |
6598 | 1611 |
25751
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|
1612 A @dfn{face} is a named collection of graphical attributes: font |
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*** empty log message ***
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|
1613 family, foreground color, background color, optional underlining, and |
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|
1614 many others. Faces are used in Emacs to control the style of display of |
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|
1615 particular parts of the text or the frame. |
6598 | 1616 |
1617 @cindex face id | |
21682
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|
1618 Each face has its own @dfn{face number}, which distinguishes faces at |
25751
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|
1619 low levels within Emacs. However, for most purposes, you refer to |
6598 | 1620 faces in Lisp programs by their names. |
1621 | |
12067 | 1622 @defun facep object |
1623 This function returns @code{t} if @var{object} is a face name symbol (or | |
1624 if it is a vector of the kind used internally to record face data). It | |
1625 returns @code{nil} otherwise. | |
1626 @end defun | |
1627 | |
6598 | 1628 Each face name is meaningful for all frames, and by default it has the |
1629 same meaning in all frames. But you can arrange to give a particular | |
1630 face name a special meaning in one frame if you wish. | |
1631 | |
1632 @menu | |
1633 * Standard Faces:: The faces Emacs normally comes with. | |
21682
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|
1634 * Defining Faces:: How to define a face with @code{defface}. |
25751
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|
1635 * Face Attributes:: What is in a face? |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
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53422
diff
changeset
|
1636 * Attribute Functions:: Functions to examine and set face attributes. |
59277
120ce8e206a5
(Face Attributes): Describe hex color specs.
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changeset
|
1637 * Displaying Faces:: How Emacs combines the faces specified for a character. |
25751
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|
1638 * Font Selection:: Finding the best available font for a face. |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
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53422
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changeset
|
1639 * Face Functions:: How to define and examine faces. |
25751
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|
1640 * Auto Faces:: Hook for automatic face assignment. |
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|
1641 * Font Lookup:: Looking up the names of available fonts |
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|
1642 and information about them. |
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|
1643 * Fontsets:: A fontset is a collection of fonts |
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|
1644 that handle a range of character sets. |
6598 | 1645 @end menu |
1646 | |
1647 @node Standard Faces | |
1648 @subsection Standard Faces | |
1649 | |
25751
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|
1650 This table lists all the standard faces and their uses. Most of them |
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|
1651 are used for displaying certain parts of the frames or certain kinds of |
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|
1652 text; you can control how those places look by customizing these faces. |
6598 | 1653 |
1654 @table @code | |
1655 @item default | |
1656 @kindex default @r{(face name)} | |
1657 This face is used for ordinary text. | |
1658 | |
25751
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|
1659 @item mode-line |
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|
1660 @kindex mode-line @r{(face name)} |
43262
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(Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
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|
1661 This face is used for the mode line of the selected window, and for |
af1ba8f61638
(Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
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diff
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|
1662 menu bars when toolkit menus are not used---but only if |
af1ba8f61638
(Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
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|
1663 @code{mode-line-inverse-video} is non-@code{nil}. |
25751
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|
1664 |
6598 | 1665 @item modeline |
1666 @kindex modeline @r{(face name)} | |
25751
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|
1667 This is an alias for the @code{mode-line} face, for compatibility with |
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|
1668 old Emacs versions. |
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|
1669 |
43262
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|
1670 @item mode-line-inactive |
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(Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
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|
1671 @kindex mode-line-inactive @r{(face name)} |
af1ba8f61638
(Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
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parents:
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|
1672 This face is used for mode lines of non-selected windows. |
43290 | 1673 This face inherits from @code{mode-line}, so changes |
1674 in that face affect all windows. | |
43262
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(Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
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|
1675 |
25751
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|
1676 @item header-line |
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|
1677 @kindex header-line @r{(face name)} |
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1678 This face is used for the header lines of windows that have them. |
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1679 |
25875 | 1680 @item menu |
1681 This face controls the display of menus, both their colors and their | |
1682 font. (This works only on certain systems.) | |
1683 | |
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1684 @item fringe |
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1685 @kindex fringe @r{(face name)} |
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1686 This face controls the default colors of window fringes, the thin areas on |
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1687 either side that are used to display continuation and truncation glyphs. |
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1688 |
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1689 @item minibuffer-prompt |
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1690 @kindex minibuffer-prompt @r{(face name)} |
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1691 @vindex minibuffer-prompt-properties |
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1692 This face is used for the text of minibuffer prompts. By default, |
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1693 Emacs automatically adds this face to the value of |
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1694 @code{minibuffer-prompt-properties}, which is a list of text |
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1695 properties used to display the prompt text. |
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1696 |
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1697 @item scroll-bar |
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1698 @kindex scroll-bar @r{(face name)} |
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1699 This face controls the colors for display of scroll bars. |
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1700 |
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1701 @item tool-bar |
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1702 @kindex tool-bar @r{(face name)} |
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1703 This face is used for display of the tool bar, if any. |
6598 | 1704 |
1705 @item region | |
1706 @kindex region @r{(face name)} | |
1707 This face is used for highlighting the region in Transient Mark mode. | |
1708 | |
1709 @item secondary-selection | |
1710 @kindex secondary-selection @r{(face name)} | |
1711 This face is used to show any secondary selection you have made. | |
1712 | |
1713 @item highlight | |
1714 @kindex highlight @r{(face name)} | |
1715 This face is meant to be used for highlighting for various purposes. | |
1716 | |
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1717 @item trailing-whitespace |
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1718 @kindex trailing-whitespace @r{(face name)} |
25875 | 1719 This face is used to display excess whitespace at the end of a line, |
1720 if @code{show-trailing-whitespace} is non-@code{nil}. | |
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1721 @end table |
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1722 |
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1723 In contrast, these faces are provided to change the appearance of text |
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1724 in specific ways. You can use them on specific text, when you want |
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1725 the effects they produce. |
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1726 |
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1727 @table @code |
6598 | 1728 @item bold |
1729 @kindex bold @r{(face name)} | |
1730 This face uses a bold font, if possible. It uses the bold variant of | |
1731 the frame's font, if it has one. It's up to you to choose a default | |
1732 font that has a bold variant, if you want to use one. | |
1733 | |
1734 @item italic | |
1735 @kindex italic @r{(face name)} | |
1736 This face uses the italic variant of the frame's font, if it has one. | |
1737 | |
1738 @item bold-italic | |
1739 @kindex bold-italic @r{(face name)} | |
1740 This face uses the bold italic variant of the frame's font, if it has | |
1741 one. | |
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1742 |
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1743 @item underline |
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1744 @kindex underline @r{(face name)} |
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1745 This face underlines text. |
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1746 |
38278 | 1747 @item fixed-pitch |
1748 @kindex fixed-pitch @r{(face name)} | |
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1749 This face forces use of a particular fixed-width font. |
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1750 |
38278 | 1751 @item variable-pitch |
1752 @kindex variable-pitch @r{(face name)} | |
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1753 This face forces use of a particular variable-width font. It's |
25875 | 1754 reasonable to customize this to use a different variable-width font, if |
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1755 you like, but you should not make it a fixed-width font. |
6598 | 1756 @end table |
1757 | |
25875 | 1758 @defvar show-trailing-whitespace |
1759 @tindex show-trailing-whitespace | |
1760 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, Emacs uses the | |
1761 @code{trailing-whitespace} face to display any spaces and tabs at the | |
1762 end of a line. | |
1763 @end defvar | |
1764 | |
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1765 @node Defining Faces |
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1766 @subsection Defining Faces |
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1767 |
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1768 The way to define a new face is with @code{defface}. This creates a |
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1769 kind of customization item (@pxref{Customization}) which the user can |
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1770 customize using the Customization buffer (@pxref{Easy Customization,,, |
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1771 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
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1772 |
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1773 @defmac defface face spec doc [keyword value]... |
25875 | 1774 This declares @var{face} as a customizable face that defaults according |
1775 to @var{spec}. You should not quote the symbol @var{face}. The | |
1776 argument @var{doc} specifies the face documentation. The keywords you | |
1777 can use in @code{defface} are the same ones that are meaningful in both | |
1778 @code{defgroup} and @code{defcustom} (@pxref{Common Keywords}). | |
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1779 |
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1780 When @code{defface} executes, it defines the face according to |
22138
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1781 @var{spec}, then uses any customizations that were read from the |
25875 | 1782 init file (@pxref{Init File}) to override that specification. |
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1783 |
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1784 The purpose of @var{spec} is to specify how the face should appear on |
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1785 different kinds of terminals. It should be an alist whose elements have |
25875 | 1786 the form @code{(@var{display} @var{atts})}. Each element's @sc{car}, |
1787 @var{display}, specifies a class of terminals. The element's second element, | |
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1788 @var{atts}, is a list of face attributes and their values; it specifies |
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1789 what the face should look like on that kind of terminal. The possible |
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1790 attributes are defined in the value of @code{custom-face-attributes}. |
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1791 |
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1792 The @var{display} part of an element of @var{spec} determines which |
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1793 frames the element applies to. If more than one element of @var{spec} |
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1794 matches a given frame, the first matching element is the only one used |
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1795 for that frame. There are two possibilities for @var{display}: |
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1796 |
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1797 @table @asis |
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1798 @item @code{t} |
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1799 This element of @var{spec} matches all frames. Therefore, any |
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1800 subsequent elements of @var{spec} are never used. Normally |
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1801 @code{t} is used in the last (or only) element of @var{spec}. |
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1802 |
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1803 @item a list |
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1804 If @var{display} is a list, each element should have the form |
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1805 @code{(@var{characteristic} @var{value}@dots{})}. Here |
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1806 @var{characteristic} specifies a way of classifying frames, and the |
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1807 @var{value}s are possible classifications which @var{display} should |
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1808 apply to. Here are the possible values of @var{characteristic}: |
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1809 |
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1810 @table @code |
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1811 @item type |
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1812 The kind of window system the frame uses---either @code{graphic} (any |
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1813 graphics-capable display), @code{x}, @code{pc} (for the MS-DOS console), |
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1814 @code{w32} (for MS Windows 9X/NT), or @code{tty} (a non-graphics-capable |
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1815 display). |
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1816 |
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1817 @item class |
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1818 What kinds of colors the frame supports---either @code{color}, |
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1819 @code{grayscale}, or @code{mono}. |
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1820 |
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1821 @item background |
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1822 The kind of background---either @code{light} or @code{dark}. |
45745 | 1823 |
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1824 @item min-colors |
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1825 An integer that represents the minimum number of colors the frame should |
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1826 support, it is compared with the result of @code{display-color-cells}. |
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1827 |
45745 | 1828 @item supports |
46170 | 1829 Whether or not the frame can display the face attributes given in |
1830 @var{value}@dots{} (@pxref{Face Attributes}). See the documentation | |
1831 for the function @code{display-supports-face-attributes-p} for more | |
1832 information on exactly how this testing is done. @xref{Display Face | |
1833 Attribute Testing}. | |
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1834 @end table |
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1835 |
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1836 If an element of @var{display} specifies more than one @var{value} for a |
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1837 given @var{characteristic}, any of those values is acceptable. If |
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1838 @var{display} has more than one element, each element should specify a |
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1839 different @var{characteristic}; then @emph{each} characteristic of the |
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1840 frame must match one of the @var{value}s specified for it in |
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1841 @var{display}. |
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1842 @end table |
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1843 @end defmac |
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1844 |
25875 | 1845 Here's how the standard face @code{region} is defined: |
21682
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1846 |
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1847 @example |
25875 | 1848 @group |
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1849 '((((class color) (min-colors 88) (background dark)) |
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1850 :background "blue3") |
25875 | 1851 @end group |
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1852 (((class color) (min-colors 88) (background light)) |
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1853 :background "lightgoldenrod2") |
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1854 (((class color) (min-colors 16) (background dark)) |
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1855 :background "blue3") |
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1856 (((class color) (min-colors 16) (background light)) |
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1857 :background "lightgoldenrod2") |
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1858 (((class color) (min-colors 8)) |
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1859 :background "blue" :foreground "white") |
25875 | 1860 (((type tty) (class mono)) |
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1861 :inverse-video t) |
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1862 (t :background "gray")) |
25875 | 1863 @group |
1864 "Basic face for highlighting the region." | |
1865 :group 'basic-faces) | |
1866 @end group | |
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1867 @end example |
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1868 |
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1869 Internally, @code{defface} uses the symbol property |
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1870 @code{face-defface-spec} to record the face attributes specified in |
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1871 @code{defface}, @code{saved-face} for the attributes saved by the user |
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1872 with the customization buffer, and @code{face-documentation} for the |
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1873 documentation string. |
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1874 |
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1875 @defopt frame-background-mode |
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1876 This option, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the background type to use for |
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1877 interpreting face definitions. If it is @code{dark}, then Emacs treats |
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1878 all frames as if they had a dark background, regardless of their actual |
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1879 background colors. If it is @code{light}, then Emacs treats all frames |
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1880 as if they had a light background. |
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1881 @end defopt |
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1882 |
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1883 @node Face Attributes |
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1884 @subsection Face Attributes |
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1885 @cindex face attributes |
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1886 |
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1887 The effect of using a face is determined by a fixed set of @dfn{face |
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1888 attributes}. This table lists all the face attributes, and what they |
25875 | 1889 mean. Note that in general, more than one face can be specified for a |
1890 given piece of text; when that happens, the attributes of all the faces | |
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1891 are merged to specify how to display the text. @xref{Displaying Faces}. |
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1892 |
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1893 Any attribute in a face can have the value @code{unspecified}. This |
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1894 means the face doesn't specify that attribute. In face merging, when |
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1895 the first face fails to specify a particular attribute, that means the |
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1896 next face gets a chance. However, the @code{default} face must |
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1897 specify all attributes. |
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1898 |
25875 | 1899 Some of these font attributes are meaningful only on certain kinds of |
1900 displays---if your display cannot handle a certain attribute, the | |
1901 attribute is ignored. (The attributes @code{:family}, @code{:width}, | |
1902 @code{:height}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} correspond to parts of | |
1903 an X Logical Font Descriptor.) | |
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1904 |
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1905 @table @code |
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1906 @item :family |
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1907 Font family name, or fontset name (@pxref{Fontsets}). If you specify a |
25875 | 1908 font family name, the wild-card characters @samp{*} and @samp{?} are |
1909 allowed. | |
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1910 |
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1911 @item :width |
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1912 Relative proportionate width, also known as the character set width or |
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1913 set width. This should be one of the symbols @code{ultra-condensed}, |
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1914 @code{extra-condensed}, @code{condensed}, @code{semi-condensed}, |
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1915 @code{normal}, @code{semi-expanded}, @code{expanded}, |
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1916 @code{extra-expanded}, or @code{ultra-expanded}. |
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1917 |
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1918 @item :height |
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1919 Either the font height, an integer in units of 1/10 point, a floating |
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1920 point number specifying the amount by which to scale the height of any |
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1921 underlying face, or a function, which is called with the old height |
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1922 (from the underlying face), and should return the new height. |
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1923 |
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1924 @item :weight |
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1925 Font weight---a symbol from this series (from most dense to most faint): |
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1926 @code{ultra-bold}, @code{extra-bold}, @code{bold}, @code{semi-bold}, |
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1927 @code{normal}, @code{semi-light}, @code{light}, @code{extra-light}, |
25875 | 1928 or @code{ultra-light}. |
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1929 |
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1930 On a text-only terminal, any weight greater than normal is displayed as |
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1931 extra bright, and any weight less than normal is displayed as |
25875 | 1932 half-bright (provided the terminal supports the feature). |
1933 | |
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1934 @item :slant |
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1935 Font slant---one of the symbols @code{italic}, @code{oblique}, @code{normal}, |
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1936 @code{reverse-italic}, or @code{reverse-oblique}. |
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1937 |
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1938 On a text-only terminal, slanted text is displayed as half-bright, if |
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1939 the terminal supports the feature. |
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1940 |
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1941 @item :foreground |
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1942 Foreground color, a string. The value can be a system-defined color |
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1943 name, or a hexadecimal color specification of the form |
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1944 @samp{#@var{rr}@var{gg}@var{bb}}. (@samp{#000000} is black, |
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1945 @samp{#ff0000} is red, @samp{#00ff00} is green, @samp{#0000ff} is |
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1946 blue, and @samp{#ffffff} is white.) |
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1947 |
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1948 @item :background |
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1949 Background color, a string, like the foreground color. |
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1950 |
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1951 @item :inverse-video |
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1952 Whether or not characters should be displayed in inverse video. The |
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1953 value should be @code{t} (yes) or @code{nil} (no). |
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1954 |
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1955 @item :stipple |
25875 | 1956 The background stipple, a bitmap. |
1957 | |
1958 The value can be a string; that should be the name of a file containing | |
1959 external-format X bitmap data. The file is found in the directories | |
1960 listed in the variable @code{x-bitmap-file-path}. | |
1961 | |
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1962 Alternatively, the value can specify the bitmap directly, with a list |
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1963 of the form @code{(@var{width} @var{height} @var{data})}. Here, |
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1964 @var{width} and @var{height} specify the size in pixels, and |
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1965 @var{data} is a string containing the raw bits of the bitmap, row by |
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1966 row. Each row occupies @math{(@var{width} + 7) / 8} consecutive bytes |
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1967 in the string (which should be a unibyte string for best results). |
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1968 This means that each row always occupies at least one whole byte. |
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1969 |
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1970 If the value is @code{nil}, that means use no stipple pattern. |
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1971 |
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1972 Normally you do not need to set the stipple attribute, because it is |
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1973 used automatically to handle certain shades of gray. |
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1974 |
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1975 @item :underline |
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1976 Whether or not characters should be underlined, and in what color. If |
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1977 the value is @code{t}, underlining uses the foreground color of the |
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1978 face. If the value is a string, underlining uses that color. The |
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1979 value @code{nil} means do not underline. |
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1980 |
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1981 @item :overline |
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1982 Whether or not characters should be overlined, and in what color. |
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1983 The value is used like that of @code{:underline}. |
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1984 |
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1985 @item :strike-through |
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1986 Whether or not characters should be strike-through, and in what |
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1987 color. The value is used like that of @code{:underline}. |
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1988 |
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1989 @item :inherit |
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1990 The name of a face from which to inherit attributes, or a list of face |
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1991 names. Attributes from inherited faces are merged into the face like an |
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1992 underlying face would be, with higher priority than underlying faces. |
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1993 |
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1994 @item :box |
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1995 Whether or not a box should be drawn around characters, its color, the |
25875 | 1996 width of the box lines, and 3D appearance. |
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1997 @end table |
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1998 |
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1999 Here are the possible values of the @code{:box} attribute, and what |
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2000 they mean: |
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2001 |
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2002 @table @asis |
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2003 @item @code{nil} |
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2004 Don't draw a box. |
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2005 |
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2006 @item @code{t} |
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2007 Draw a box with lines of width 1, in the foreground color. |
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2008 |
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2009 @item @var{color} |
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2010 Draw a box with lines of width 1, in color @var{color}. |
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2011 |
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2012 @item @code{(:line-width @var{width} :color @var{color} :style @var{style})} |
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2013 This way you can explicitly specify all aspects of the box. The value |
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2014 @var{width} specifies the width of the lines to draw; it defaults to 1. |
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2015 |
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2016 The value @var{color} specifies the color to draw with. The default is |
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2017 the foreground color of the face for simple boxes, and the background |
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2018 color of the face for 3D boxes. |
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2019 |
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2020 The value @var{style} specifies whether to draw a 3D box. If it is |
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2021 @code{released-button}, the box looks like a 3D button that is not being |
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2022 pressed. If it is @code{pressed-button}, the box looks like a 3D button |
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2023 that is being pressed. If it is @code{nil} or omitted, a plain 2D box |
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2024 is used. |
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2025 @end table |
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2026 |
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2027 In older versions of Emacs, before @code{:family}, @code{:height}, |
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2028 @code{:width}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} existed, these |
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2029 attributes were used to specify the type face. They are now |
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2030 semi-obsolete, but they still work: |
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2031 |
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2032 @table @code |
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2033 @item :font |
25875 | 2034 This attribute specifies the font name. |
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2035 |
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2036 @item :bold |
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2037 A non-@code{nil} value specifies a bold font. |
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2038 |
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2039 @item :italic |
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2040 A non-@code{nil} value specifies an italic font. |
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2041 @end table |
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2042 |
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2043 For compatibility, you can still set these ``attributes'', even |
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2044 though they are not real face attributes. Here is what that does: |
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2045 |
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2046 @table @code |
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2047 @item :font |
25875 | 2048 You can specify an X font name as the ``value'' of this ``attribute''; |
2049 that sets the @code{:family}, @code{:width}, @code{:height}, | |
2050 @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} attributes according to the font name. | |
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2051 |
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2052 If the value is a pattern with wildcards, the first font that matches |
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2053 the pattern is used to set these attributes. |
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2054 |
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2055 @item :bold |
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2056 A non-@code{nil} makes the face bold; @code{nil} makes it normal. |
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2057 This actually works by setting the @code{:weight} attribute. |
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2058 |
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2059 @item :italic |
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2060 A non-@code{nil} makes the face italic; @code{nil} makes it normal. |
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2061 This actually works by setting the @code{:slant} attribute. |
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2062 @end table |
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2063 |
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2064 @defvar x-bitmap-file-path |
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2065 This variable specifies a list of directories for searching |
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2066 for bitmap files, for the @code{:stipple} attribute. |
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2067 @end defvar |
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2068 |
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2069 @defun bitmap-spec-p object |
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2070 This returns @code{t} if @var{object} is a valid bitmap specification, |
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2071 suitable for use with @code{:stipple} (see above). It returns |
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2072 @code{nil} otherwise. |
25875 | 2073 @end defun |
2074 | |
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2075 @node Attribute Functions |
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2076 @subsection Face Attribute Functions |
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2077 |
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2078 You can modify the attributes of an existing face with the following |
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2079 functions. If you specify @var{frame}, they affect just that frame; |
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2080 otherwise, they affect all frames as well as the defaults that apply to |
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2081 new frames. |
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2082 |
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2083 @tindex set-face-attribute |
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2084 @defun set-face-attribute face frame &rest arguments |
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2085 This function sets one or more attributes of face @var{face} |
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2086 for frame @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, it sets |
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2087 the attribute for all frames, and the defaults for new frames. |
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2088 |
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2089 The extra arguments @var{arguments} specify the attributes to set, and |
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2090 the values for them. They should consist of alternating attribute names |
25875 | 2091 (such as @code{:family} or @code{:underline}) and corresponding values. |
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2092 Thus, |
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2093 |
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2094 @example |
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2095 (set-face-attribute 'foo nil |
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2096 :width 'extended |
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2097 :weight 'bold |
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2098 :underline "red") |
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2099 @end example |
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2100 |
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2101 @noindent |
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2102 sets the attributes @code{:width}, @code{:weight} and @code{:underline} |
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2103 to the corresponding values. |
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2104 @end defun |
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2105 |
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2106 @tindex face-attribute |
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2107 @defun face-attribute face attribute &optional frame inherit |
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2108 This returns the value of the @var{attribute} attribute of face |
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2109 @var{face} on @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, |
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2110 that means the selected frame (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
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2111 |
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2112 If @var{frame} is @code{t}, the value is the default for |
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2113 @var{face} for new frames. |
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2114 |
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2115 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only attributes directly defined by |
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2116 @var{face} are considered, so the return value may be |
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2117 @code{unspecified}, or a relative value. If @var{inherit} is |
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2118 non-@code{nil}, @var{face}'s definition of @var{attribute} is merged |
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2119 with the faces specified by its @code{:inherit} attribute; however the |
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2120 return value may still be @code{unspecified} or relative. If |
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|
2121 @var{inherit} is a face or a list of faces, then the result is further |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2122 merged with that face (or faces), until it becomes specified and |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2123 absolute. |
46240
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2124 |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2125 To ensure that the return value is always specified and absolute, use |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2126 a value of @code{default} for @var{inherit}; this will resolve any |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2127 unspecified or relative values by merging with the @code{default} face |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2128 (which is always completely specified). |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2129 |
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|
2130 For example, |
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2131 |
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|
2132 @example |
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|
2133 (face-attribute 'bold :weight) |
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|
2134 @result{} bold |
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|
2135 @end example |
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|
2136 @end defun |
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|
2137 |
25875 | 2138 The functions above did not exist before Emacs 21. For compatibility |
2139 with older Emacs versions, you can use the following functions to set | |
25751
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|
2140 and examine the face attributes which existed in those versions. |
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|
2141 |
46240
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Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2142 @tindex face-attribute-relative-p |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2143 @defun face-attribute-relative-p attribute value |
54023 | 2144 This function returns non-@code{nil} if @var{value}, when used as |
46240
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2145 the value of the face attribute @var{attribute}, is relative (that is, |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2146 if it modifies an underlying or inherited value of @var{attribute}). |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2147 @end defun |
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Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2148 |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2149 @tindex merge-face-attribute |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2150 @defun merge-face-attribute attribute value1 value2 |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2151 If @var{value1} is a relative value for the face attribute |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2152 @var{attribute}, returns it merged with the underlying value |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2153 @var{value2}; otherwise, if @var{value1} is an absolute value for the |
51000
72af65197e01
Fix typos. Patch from Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
2154 face attribute @var{attribute}, returns @var{value1} unchanged. |
46240
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2155 @end defun |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2156 |
25751
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|
2157 @defun set-face-foreground face color &optional frame |
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2158 @defunx set-face-background face color &optional frame |
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|
2159 These functions set the foreground (or background, respectively) color |
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|
2160 of face @var{face} to @var{color}. The argument @var{color} should be a |
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|
2161 string, the name of a color. |
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|
2162 |
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|
2163 Certain shades of gray are implemented by stipple patterns on |
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|
2164 black-and-white screens. |
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|
2165 @end defun |
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|
2166 |
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|
2167 @defun set-face-stipple face pattern &optional frame |
42888
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
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|
2168 This function sets the background stipple pattern of face @var{face} |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
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|
2169 to @var{pattern}. The argument @var{pattern} should be the name of a |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
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|
2170 stipple pattern defined by the X server, or actual bitmap data |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
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|
2171 (@pxref{Face Attributes}), or @code{nil} meaning don't use stipple. |
25751
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|
2172 |
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2173 Normally there is no need to pay attention to stipple patterns, because |
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2174 they are used automatically to handle certain shades of gray. |
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|
2175 @end defun |
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2176 |
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|
2177 @defun set-face-font face font &optional frame |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2178 This function sets the font of face @var{face}. This actually sets |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2179 the attributes @code{:family}, @code{:width}, @code{:height}, |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2180 @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} according to the font name |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2181 @var{font}. |
25751
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|
2182 @end defun |
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2183 |
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|
2184 @defun set-face-bold-p face bold-p &optional frame |
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|
2185 This function specifies whether @var{face} should be bold. If |
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|
2186 @var{bold-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means yes; @code{nil} means no. |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2187 This actually sets the @code{:weight} attribute. |
25751
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|
2188 @end defun |
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|
2189 |
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|
2190 @defun set-face-italic-p face italic-p &optional frame |
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|
2191 This function specifies whether @var{face} should be italic. If |
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|
2192 @var{italic-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means yes; @code{nil} means no. |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2193 This actually sets the @code{:slant} attribute. |
25751
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|
2194 @end defun |
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|
2195 |
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|
2196 @defun set-face-underline-p face underline-p &optional frame |
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|
2197 This function sets the underline attribute of face @var{face}. |
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diff
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|
2198 Non-@code{nil} means do underline; @code{nil} means don't. |
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|
2199 @end defun |
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|
2200 |
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changeset
|
2201 @defun invert-face face &optional frame |
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|
2202 This function inverts the @code{:inverse-video} attribute of face |
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|
2203 @var{face}. If the attribute is @code{nil}, this function sets it to |
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|
2204 @code{t}, and vice versa. |
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|
2205 @end defun |
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|
2206 |
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|
2207 These functions examine the attributes of a face. If you don't |
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|
2208 specify @var{frame}, they refer to the default data for new frames. |
25875 | 2209 They return the symbol @code{unspecified} if the face doesn't define any |
2210 value for that attribute. | |
25751
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|
2211 |
46245
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Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
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|
2212 @defun face-foreground face &optional frame inherit |
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|
2213 @defunx face-background face &optional frame |
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|
2214 These functions return the foreground color (or background color, |
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|
2215 respectively) of face @var{face}, as a string. |
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Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
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|
2216 |
54777 | 2217 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only a color directly defined by the face is |
2218 returned. If @var{inherit} is non-@code{nil}, any faces specified by its | |
46245
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
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|
2219 @code{:inherit} attribute are considered as well, and if @var{inherit} |
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
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|
2220 is a face or a list of faces, then they are also considered, until a |
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
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|
2221 specified color is found. To ensure that the return value is always |
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
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|
2222 specified, use a value of @code{default} for @var{inherit}. |
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|
2223 @end defun |
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|
2224 |
46245
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|
2225 @defun face-stipple face &optional frame inherit |
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|
2226 This function returns the name of the background stipple pattern of face |
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|
2227 @var{face}, or @code{nil} if it doesn't have one. |
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|
2228 |
51652
55fb0658914a
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|
2229 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only a stipple directly defined by the |
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|
2230 face is returned. If @var{inherit} is non-@code{nil}, any faces |
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|
2231 specified by its @code{:inherit} attribute are considered as well, and |
55fb0658914a
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parents:
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|
2232 if @var{inherit} is a face or a list of faces, then they are also |
55fb0658914a
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
2233 considered, until a specified stipple is found. To ensure that the |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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changeset
|
2234 return value is always specified, use a value of @code{default} for |
55fb0658914a
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changeset
|
2235 @var{inherit}. |
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|
2236 @end defun |
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|
2237 |
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|
2238 @defun face-font face &optional frame |
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|
2239 This function returns the name of the font of face @var{face}. |
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|
2240 @end defun |
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|
2241 |
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|
2242 @defun face-bold-p face &optional frame |
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|
2243 This function returns @code{t} if @var{face} is bold---that is, if it is |
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|
2244 bolder than normal. It returns @code{nil} otherwise. |
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2245 @end defun |
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2246 |
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2247 @defun face-italic-p face &optional frame |
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2248 This function returns @code{t} if @var{face} is italic or oblique, |
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2249 @code{nil} otherwise. |
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2250 @end defun |
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2251 |
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2252 @defun face-underline-p face &optional frame |
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2253 This function returns the @code{:underline} attribute of face @var{face}. |
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2254 @end defun |
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2255 |
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2256 @defun face-inverse-video-p face &optional frame |
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2257 This function returns the @code{:inverse-video} attribute of face @var{face}. |
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2258 @end defun |
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2259 |
59277
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2260 @node Displaying Faces |
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2261 @subsection Displaying Faces |
6598 | 2262 |
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2263 Here are the ways to specify which faces to use for display of text: |
6598 | 2264 |
2265 @itemize @bullet | |
2266 @item | |
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2267 With defaults. The @code{default} face is used as the ultimate |
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2268 default for all text. (In Emacs 19 and 20, the @code{default} |
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2269 face is used only when no other face is specified.) |
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2270 |
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2271 @item |
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2272 For a mode line or header line, the face @code{mode-line} or |
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2273 @code{mode-line-inactive}, or @code{header-line}, is merged in just |
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2274 before @code{default}. |
6598 | 2275 |
2276 @item | |
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2277 With text properties. A character can have a @code{face} property; if |
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2278 so, the faces and face attributes specified there apply. @xref{Special |
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2279 Properties}. |
6598 | 2280 |
2281 If the character has a @code{mouse-face} property, that is used instead | |
2282 of the @code{face} property when the mouse is ``near enough'' to the | |
2283 character. | |
2284 | |
2285 @item | |
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2286 With overlays. An overlay can have @code{face} and @code{mouse-face} |
6598 | 2287 properties too; they apply to all the text covered by the overlay. |
2288 | |
2289 @item | |
12098 | 2290 With a region that is active. In Transient Mark mode, the region is |
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2291 highlighted with the face @code{region} (@pxref{Standard Faces}). |
12098 | 2292 |
2293 @item | |
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2294 With special glyphs. Each glyph can specify a particular face |
6598 | 2295 number. @xref{Glyphs}. |
2296 @end itemize | |
2297 | |
2298 If these various sources together specify more than one face for a | |
2299 particular character, Emacs merges the attributes of the various faces | |
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2300 specified. For each attribute, Emacs tries first the face of any |
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2301 special glyph; then the face for region highlighting, if appropriate; |
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2302 then the faces specified by overlays, followed by those specified by |
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2303 text properties, then the @code{mode-line} or |
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2304 @code{mode-line-inactive} or @code{header-line} face (if in a mode |
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2305 line or a header line), and last the @code{default} face. |
6598 | 2306 |
2307 When multiple overlays cover one character, an overlay with higher | |
2308 priority overrides those with lower priority. @xref{Overlays}. | |
2309 | |
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2310 @node Font Selection |
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2311 @subsection Font Selection |
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2312 |
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2313 @dfn{Selecting a font} means mapping the specified face attributes for |
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2314 a character to a font that is available on a particular display. The |
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2315 face attributes, as determined by face merging, specify most of the |
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2316 font choice, but not all. Part of the choice depends on what character |
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2317 it is. |
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2318 |
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2319 If the face specifies a fontset name, that fontset determines a |
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2320 pattern for fonts of the given charset. If the face specifies a font |
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2321 family, a font pattern is constructed. |
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2322 |
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2323 Emacs tries to find an available font for the given face attributes |
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2324 and character's registry and encoding. If there is a font that matches |
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2325 exactly, it is used, of course. The hard case is when no available font |
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2326 exactly fits the specification. Then Emacs looks for one that is |
27654
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2327 ``close''---one attribute at a time. You can specify the order to |
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2328 consider the attributes. In the case where a specified font family is |
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2329 not available, you can specify a set of mappings for alternatives to |
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2330 try. |
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2331 |
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2332 @defvar face-font-selection-order |
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2333 @tindex face-font-selection-order |
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2334 This variable specifies the order of importance of the face attributes |
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2335 @code{:width}, @code{:height}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant}. The |
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2336 value should be a list containing those four symbols, in order of |
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2337 decreasing importance. |
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2338 |
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2339 Font selection first finds the best available matches for the first |
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2340 attribute listed; then, among the fonts which are best in that way, it |
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2341 searches for the best matches in the second attribute, and so on. |
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2342 |
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2343 The attributes @code{:weight} and @code{:width} have symbolic values in |
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2344 a range centered around @code{normal}. Matches that are more extreme |
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2345 (farther from @code{normal}) are somewhat preferred to matches that are |
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2346 less extreme (closer to @code{normal}); this is designed to ensure that |
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2347 non-normal faces contrast with normal ones, whenever possible. |
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2348 |
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2349 The default is @code{(:width :height :weight :slant)}, which means first |
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2350 find the fonts closest to the specified @code{:width}, then---among the |
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2351 fonts with that width---find a best match for the specified font height, |
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2352 and so on. |
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2353 |
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2354 One example of a case where this variable makes a difference is when the |
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2355 default font has no italic equivalent. With the default ordering, the |
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2356 @code{italic} face will use a non-italic font that is similar to the |
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2357 default one. But if you put @code{:slant} before @code{:height}, the |
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2358 @code{italic} face will use an italic font, even if its height is not |
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2359 quite right. |
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2360 @end defvar |
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2361 |
33373 | 2362 @defvar face-font-family-alternatives |
2363 @tindex face-font-family-alternatives | |
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2364 This variable lets you specify alternative font families to try, if a |
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2365 given family is specified and doesn't exist. Each element should have |
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2366 this form: |
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2367 |
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2368 @example |
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2369 (@var{family} @var{alternate-families}@dots{}) |
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2370 @end example |
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2371 |
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2372 If @var{family} is specified but not available, Emacs will try the other |
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2373 families given in @var{alternate-families}, one by one, until it finds a |
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2374 family that does exist. |
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2375 @end defvar |
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2376 |
33373 | 2377 @defvar face-font-registry-alternatives |
2378 @tindex face-font-registry-alternatives | |
2379 This variable lets you specify alternative font registries to try, if a | |
2380 given registry is specified and doesn't exist. Each element should have | |
2381 this form: | |
2382 | |
2383 @example | |
2384 (@var{registry} @var{alternate-registries}@dots{}) | |
2385 @end example | |
2386 | |
2387 If @var{registry} is specified but not available, Emacs will try the | |
2388 other registries given in @var{alternate-registries}, one by one, | |
2389 until it finds a registry that does exist. | |
2390 @end defvar | |
2391 | |
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2392 Emacs can make use of scalable fonts, but by default it does not use |
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2393 them, since the use of too many or too big scalable fonts can crash |
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2394 XFree86 servers. |
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2395 |
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2396 @defvar scalable-fonts-allowed |
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2397 @tindex scalable-fonts-allowed |
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2398 This variable controls which scalable fonts to use. A value of |
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2399 @code{nil}, the default, means do not use scalable fonts. @code{t} |
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2400 means to use any scalable font that seems appropriate for the text. |
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2401 |
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2402 Otherwise, the value must be a list of regular expressions. Then a |
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2403 scalable font is enabled for use if its name matches any regular |
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2404 expression in the list. For example, |
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2405 |
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2406 @example |
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2407 (setq scalable-fonts-allowed '("muleindian-2$")) |
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2408 @end example |
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2409 |
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2410 @noindent |
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2411 allows the use of scalable fonts with registry @code{muleindian-2}. |
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2412 @end defvar |
25751
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2413 |
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2414 @defun clear-face-cache &optional unload-p |
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2415 @tindex clear-face-cache |
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2416 This function clears the face cache for all frames. |
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2417 If @var{unload-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means to unload |
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2418 all unused fonts as well. |
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2419 @end defun |
6598 | 2420 |
52002
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2421 @defvar face-font-rescale-alist |
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2422 This variable specifies scaling for certain faces. Its value should |
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2423 be a list of elements of the form |
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2424 |
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2425 @example |
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2426 (@var{fontname-regexp} . @var{scale-factor}) |
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2427 @end example |
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2428 |
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2429 If @var{fontname-regexp} matches the font name that is about to be |
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2430 used, this says to choose a larger similar font according to the |
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2431 factor @var{scale-factor}. You would use this feature to normalize |
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2432 the font size if certain fonts are bigger or smaller than their |
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2433 nominal heights and widths would suggest. |
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2434 @end defvar |
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2435 |
6598 | 2436 @node Face Functions |
2437 @subsection Functions for Working with Faces | |
2438 | |
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2439 Here are additional functions for creating and working with faces. |
6598 | 2440 |
2441 @defun make-face name | |
2442 This function defines a new face named @var{name}, initially with all | |
2443 attributes @code{nil}. It does nothing if there is already a face named | |
2444 @var{name}. | |
2445 @end defun | |
2446 | |
2447 @defun face-list | |
2448 This function returns a list of all defined face names. | |
2449 @end defun | |
2450 | |
2451 @defun copy-face old-face new-name &optional frame new-frame | |
60503
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2452 This function defines a face named @var{new-name} as a copy of the existing |
6598 | 2453 face named @var{old-face}. It creates the face @var{new-name} if that |
2454 doesn't already exist. | |
2455 | |
2456 If the optional argument @var{frame} is given, this function applies | |
2457 only to that frame. Otherwise it applies to each frame individually, | |
2458 copying attributes from @var{old-face} in each frame to @var{new-face} | |
2459 in the same frame. | |
2460 | |
2461 If the optional argument @var{new-frame} is given, then @code{copy-face} | |
2462 copies the attributes of @var{old-face} in @var{frame} to @var{new-name} | |
2463 in @var{new-frame}. | |
2464 @end defun | |
2465 | |
12098 | 2466 @defun face-id face |
21682
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2467 This function returns the face number of face @var{face}. |
6598 | 2468 @end defun |
2469 | |
22138
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2470 @defun face-documentation face |
21007
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2471 This function returns the documentation string of face @var{face}, or |
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2472 @code{nil} if none was specified for it. |
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2473 @end defun |
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2474 |
6598 | 2475 @defun face-equal face1 face2 &optional frame |
2476 This returns @code{t} if the faces @var{face1} and @var{face2} have the | |
2477 same attributes for display. | |
2478 @end defun | |
2479 | |
2480 @defun face-differs-from-default-p face &optional frame | |
55899
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-369
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2481 This returns non-@code{nil} if the face @var{face} displays |
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2482 differently from the default face. |
22252
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2483 @end defun |
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2484 |
25751
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2485 @node Auto Faces |
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2486 @subsection Automatic Face Assignment |
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2487 @cindex automatic face assignment |
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2488 @cindex faces, automatic choice |
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2489 |
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2490 @cindex Font-Lock mode |
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(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
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2491 This hook is used for automatically assigning faces to text in the |
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2492 buffer. It is part of the implementation of Font-Lock mode. |
25751
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2493 |
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2494 @tindex fontification-functions |
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2495 @defvar fontification-functions |
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2496 This variable holds a list of functions that are called by Emacs |
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2497 redisplay as needed to assign faces automatically to text in the buffer. |
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2498 |
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2499 The functions are called in the order listed, with one argument, a |
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2500 buffer position @var{pos}. Each function should attempt to assign faces |
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2501 to the text in the current buffer starting at @var{pos}. |
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2502 |
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2503 Each function should record the faces they assign by setting the |
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2504 @code{face} property. It should also add a non-@code{nil} |
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2505 @code{fontified} property for all the text it has assigned faces to. |
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2506 That property tells redisplay that faces have been assigned to that text |
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2507 already. |
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2508 |
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2509 It is probably a good idea for each function to do nothing if the |
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2510 character after @var{pos} already has a non-@code{nil} @code{fontified} |
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2511 property, but this is not required. If one function overrides the |
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2512 assignments made by a previous one, the properties as they are |
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2513 after the last function finishes are the ones that really matter. |
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2514 |
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2515 For efficiency, we recommend writing these functions so that they |
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2516 usually assign faces to around 400 to 600 characters at each call. |
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2517 @end defvar |
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2518 |
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2519 @node Font Lookup |
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2520 @subsection Looking Up Fonts |
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2521 |
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2522 @defun x-list-fonts pattern &optional face frame maximum |
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2523 This function returns a list of available font names that match |
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2524 @var{pattern}. If the optional arguments @var{face} and @var{frame} are |
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2525 specified, then the list is limited to fonts that are the same size as |
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2526 @var{face} currently is on @var{frame}. |
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2527 |
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2528 The argument @var{pattern} should be a string, perhaps with wildcard |
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2529 characters: the @samp{*} character matches any substring, and the |
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2530 @samp{?} character matches any single character. Pattern matching |
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2531 of font names ignores case. |
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2532 |
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2533 If you specify @var{face} and @var{frame}, @var{face} should be a face name |
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2534 (a symbol) and @var{frame} should be a frame. |
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2535 |
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2536 The optional argument @var{maximum} sets a limit on how many fonts to |
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2537 return. If this is non-@code{nil}, then the return value is truncated |
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2538 after the first @var{maximum} matching fonts. Specifying a small value |
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2539 for @var{maximum} can make this function much faster, in cases where |
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2540 many fonts match the pattern. |
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2541 @end defun |
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2542 |
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2543 @defun x-family-fonts &optional family frame |
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2544 @tindex x-family-fonts |
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2545 This function returns a list describing the available fonts for family |
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2546 @var{family} on @var{frame}. If @var{family} is omitted or @code{nil}, |
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2547 this list applies to all families, and therefore, it contains all |
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2548 available fonts. Otherwise, @var{family} must be a string; it may |
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2549 contain the wildcards @samp{?} and @samp{*}. |
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2550 |
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2551 The list describes the display that @var{frame} is on; if @var{frame} is |
39404
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2552 omitted or @code{nil}, it applies to the selected frame's display |
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2553 (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
25751
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2554 |
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2555 The list contains a vector of the following form for each font: |
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2556 |
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2557 @example |
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2558 [@var{family} @var{width} @var{point-size} @var{weight} @var{slant} |
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2559 @var{fixed-p} @var{full} @var{registry-and-encoding}] |
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2560 @end example |
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2561 |
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2562 The first five elements correspond to face attributes; if you |
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2563 specify these attributes for a face, it will use this font. |
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2564 |
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2565 The last three elements give additional information about the font. |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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|
2566 @var{fixed-p} is non-@code{nil} if the font is fixed-pitch. |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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parents:
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|
2567 @var{full} is the full name of the font, and |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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parents:
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|
2568 @var{registry-and-encoding} is a string giving the registry and |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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|
2569 encoding of the font. |
25751
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2570 |
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2571 The result list is sorted according to the current face font sort order. |
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2572 @end defun |
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2573 |
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2574 @defun x-font-family-list &optional frame |
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2575 @tindex x-font-family-list |
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2576 This function returns a list of the font families available for |
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|
2577 @var{frame}'s display. If @var{frame} is omitted or @code{nil}, it |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
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|
2578 describes the selected frame's display (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
25751
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2579 |
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2580 The value is a list of elements of this form: |
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2581 |
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2582 @example |
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2583 (@var{family} . @var{fixed-p}) |
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2584 @end example |
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2585 |
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2586 @noindent |
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2587 Here @var{family} is a font family, and @var{fixed-p} is |
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2588 non-@code{nil} if fonts of that family are fixed-pitch. |
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2589 @end defun |
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|
2590 |
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2591 @defvar font-list-limit |
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2592 @tindex font-list-limit |
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2593 This variable specifies maximum number of fonts to consider in font |
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2594 matching. The function @code{x-family-fonts} will not return more than |
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2595 that many fonts, and font selection will consider only that many fonts |
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2596 when searching a matching font for face attributes. The default is |
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2597 currently 100. |
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2598 @end defvar |
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2599 |
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2600 @node Fontsets |
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2601 @subsection Fontsets |
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2602 |
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2603 A @dfn{fontset} is a list of fonts, each assigned to a range of |
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2604 character codes. An individual font cannot display the whole range of |
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2605 characters that Emacs supports, but a fontset can. Fontsets have names, |
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2606 just as fonts do, and you can use a fontset name in place of a font name |
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2607 when you specify the ``font'' for a frame or a face. Here is |
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2608 information about defining a fontset under Lisp program control. |
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|
2609 |
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2610 @defun create-fontset-from-fontset-spec fontset-spec &optional style-variant-p noerror |
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2611 This function defines a new fontset according to the specification |
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2612 string @var{fontset-spec}. The string should have this format: |
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|
2613 |
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|
2614 @smallexample |
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2615 @var{fontpattern}, @r{[}@var{charsetname}:@var{fontname}@r{]@dots{}} |
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|
2616 @end smallexample |
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|
2617 |
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|
2618 @noindent |
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2619 Whitespace characters before and after the commas are ignored. |
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|
2620 |
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2621 The first part of the string, @var{fontpattern}, should have the form of |
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2622 a standard X font name, except that the last two fields should be |
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2623 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}}. |
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|
2624 |
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|
2625 The new fontset has two names, one long and one short. The long name is |
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2626 @var{fontpattern} in its entirety. The short name is |
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2627 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}}. You can refer to the fontset by either |
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2628 name. If a fontset with the same name already exists, an error is |
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2629 signaled, unless @var{noerror} is non-@code{nil}, in which case this |
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|
2630 function does nothing. |
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|
2631 |
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|
2632 If optional argument @var{style-variant-p} is non-@code{nil}, that says |
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|
2633 to create bold, italic and bold-italic variants of the fontset as well. |
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2634 These variant fontsets do not have a short name, only a long one, which |
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|
2635 is made by altering @var{fontpattern} to indicate the bold or italic |
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|
2636 status. |
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|
2637 |
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|
2638 The specification string also says which fonts to use in the fontset. |
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|
2639 See below for the details. |
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|
2640 @end defun |
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|
2641 |
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|
2642 The construct @samp{@var{charset}:@var{font}} specifies which font to |
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|
2643 use (in this fontset) for one particular character set. Here, |
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|
2644 @var{charset} is the name of a character set, and @var{font} is the font |
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2645 to use for that character set. You can use this construct any number of |
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|
2646 times in the specification string. |
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|
2647 |
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|
2648 For the remaining character sets, those that you don't specify |
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2649 explicitly, Emacs chooses a font based on @var{fontpattern}: it replaces |
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|
2650 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}} with a value that names one character set. |
52978
1a5c50faf357
Replace @sc{foo} with @acronym{FOO}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
2651 For the @acronym{ASCII} character set, @samp{fontset-@var{alias}} is replaced |
25751
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|
2652 with @samp{ISO8859-1}. |
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|
2653 |
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|
2654 In addition, when several consecutive fields are wildcards, Emacs |
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|
2655 collapses them into a single wildcard. This is to prevent use of |
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2656 auto-scaled fonts. Fonts made by scaling larger fonts are not usable |
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|
2657 for editing, and scaling a smaller font is not useful because it is |
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|
2658 better to use the smaller font in its own size, which Emacs does. |
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|
2659 |
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|
2660 Thus if @var{fontpattern} is this, |
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|
2661 |
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|
2662 @example |
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|
2663 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-*-*-*-*-fontset-24 |
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|
2664 @end example |
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|
2665 |
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|
2666 @noindent |
52978
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Replace @sc{foo} with @acronym{FOO}.
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|
2667 the font specification for @acronym{ASCII} characters would be this: |
25751
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2668 |
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|
2669 @example |
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|
2670 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-ISO8859-1 |
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|
2671 @end example |
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2672 |
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|
2673 @noindent |
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|
2674 and the font specification for Chinese GB2312 characters would be this: |
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|
2675 |
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|
2676 @example |
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|
2677 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-gb2312*-* |
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|
2678 @end example |
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|
2679 |
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|
2680 You may not have any Chinese font matching the above font |
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|
2681 specification. Most X distributions include only Chinese fonts that |
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|
2682 have @samp{song ti} or @samp{fangsong ti} in the @var{family} field. In |
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|
2683 such a case, @samp{Fontset-@var{n}} can be specified as below: |
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|
2684 |
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|
2685 @smallexample |
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|
2686 Emacs.Fontset-0: -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-*-*-*-*-fontset-24,\ |
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|
2687 chinese-gb2312:-*-*-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-gb2312*-* |
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|
2688 @end smallexample |
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parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
2689 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
2690 @noindent |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
2691 Then, the font specifications for all but Chinese GB2312 characters have |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
2692 @samp{fixed} in the @var{family} field, and the font specification for |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
2693 Chinese GB2312 characters has a wild card @samp{*} in the @var{family} |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
2694 field. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
2695 |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2696 @defun set-fontset-font name character fontname &optional frame |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2697 This function modifies the existing fontset @var{name} to |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2698 use the font name @var{fontname} for the character @var{character}. |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2699 |
52940
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2700 If @var{name} is @code{nil}, this function modifies the default |
54023 | 2701 fontset, whose short name is @samp{fontset-default}. |
52940
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2702 |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2703 @var{character} may be a cons; @code{(@var{from} . @var{to})}, where |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2704 @var{from} and @var{to} are non-generic characters. In that case, use |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2705 @var{fontname} for all characters in the range @var{from} and @var{to} |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2706 (inclusive). |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2707 |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2708 @var{character} may be a charset. In that case, use |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2709 @var{fontname} for all character in the charsets. |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2710 |
52940
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2711 @var{fontname} may be a cons; @code{(@var{family} . @var{registry})}, |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2712 where @var{family} is a family name of a font (possibly including a |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2713 foundry name at the head), @var{registry} is a registry name of a font |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2714 (possibly including an encoding name at the tail). |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2715 |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2716 For instance, this changes the default fontset to use a font of which |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2717 registry name is @samp{JISX0208.1983} for all characters belonging to |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2718 the charset @code{japanese-jisx0208}. |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2719 |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2720 @example |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2721 (set-fontset-font nil 'japanese-jisx0208 '(nil . "JISX0208.1983")) |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2722 @end example |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2723 |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2724 @end defun |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2725 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2726 @defun char-displayable-p char |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2727 This function returns @code{t} if Emacs ought to be able to display |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2728 @var{char}. More precisely, if the selected frame's fontset has a |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2729 font to display the character set that @var{char} belongs to. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2730 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2731 Fontsets can specify a font on a per-character basis; when the fontset |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2732 does that, this function's value may not be accurate. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2733 @end defun |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2734 |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2735 @node Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2736 @section Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2737 @cindex Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2738 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2739 The @dfn{fringes} of a window are thin vertical strips down the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2740 sides that are used for displaying bitmaps that indicate truncation, |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2741 continuation, horizontal scrolling, and the overlay arrow. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2742 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2743 @menu |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2744 * Fringe Size/Pos:: Specifying where to put the window fringes. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2745 * Fringe Bitmaps:: Displaying bitmaps in the window fringes. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2746 * Customizing Bitmaps:: Specifying your own bitmaps to use in the fringes. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2747 * Overlay Arrow:: Display of an arrow to indicate position. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2748 @end menu |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2749 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2750 @node Fringe Size/Pos |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2751 @subsection Fringe Size and Position |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2752 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2753 Here's how to control the position and width of the window fringes. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2754 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2755 @defvar fringes-outside-margins |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2756 If the value is non-@code{nil}, the frames appear outside the display |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2757 margins. The fringes normally appear between the display margins and |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2758 the window text. It works to set @code{fringes-outside-margins} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2759 buffer-locally. @xref{Display Margins}. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2760 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2761 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2762 @defvar left-fringe-width |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2763 This variable, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the width of the left |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2764 fringe in pixels. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2765 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2766 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2767 @defvar right-fringe-width |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2768 This variable, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the width of the right |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2769 fringe in pixels. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2770 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2771 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2772 The values of these variables take effect when you display the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2773 buffer in a window. If you change them while the buffer is visible, |
54023 | 2774 you can call @code{set-window-buffer} to display it once again in the |
2775 same window, to make the changes take effect. | |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2776 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2777 @defun set-window-fringes window left &optional right outside-margins |
54023 | 2778 This function sets the fringe widths of window @var{window}. |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2779 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2780 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2781 The argument @var{left} specifies the width in pixels of the left |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2782 fringe, and likewise @var{right} for the right fringe. A value of |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2783 @code{nil} for either one stands for the default width. If |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2784 @var{outside-margins} is non-@code{nil}, that specifies that fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2785 should appear outside of the display margins. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2786 @end defun |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2787 |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2788 @defun window-fringes &optional window |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2789 This function returns information about the fringes of a window |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2790 @var{window}. If @var{window} is omitted or @code{nil}, the selected |
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2791 window is used. The value has the form @code{(@var{left-width} |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2792 @var{right-width} @var{outside-margins})}. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2793 @end defun |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2794 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2795 @defvar overflow-newline-into-fringe |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2796 If this is non-@code{nil}, lines exactly as wide as the window (not |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2797 counting the final newline character) are not continued. Instead, |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2798 when point is at the end of the line, the cursor appears in the right |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2799 fringe. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2800 @end defvar |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2801 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2802 @node Fringe Bitmaps |
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2803 @subsection Fringe Bitmaps |
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2804 @cindex fringe bitmaps |
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2805 @cindex bitmaps, fringe |
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2806 |
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2807 The @dfn{fringe bitmaps} are tiny icons Emacs displays in the window |
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2808 fringe (on a graphic display) to indicate truncated or continued |
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2809 lines, buffer boundaries, overlay arrow, etc. The fringe bitmaps are |
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2810 shared by all frames and windows. You can redefine the built-in |
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2811 fringe bitmaps, and you can define new fringe bitmaps. |
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|
2812 |
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2813 The way to display a bitmap in the left or right fringes for a given |
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2814 line in a window is by specifying the @code{display} property for one |
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2815 of the characters that appears in it. Use a display specification of |
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2816 the form @code{(left-fringe @var{bitmap} [@var{face}])} or |
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2817 @code{(right-fringe @var{bitmap} [@var{face}])} (@pxref{Display |
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2818 Property}). Here, @var{bitmap} is a symbol identifying the bitmap |
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2819 you want, and @var{face} (which is optional) is the name of the face |
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2820 whose colors should be used for displaying the bitmap. |
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|
2821 |
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2822 These are the symbols identify the standard fringe bitmaps. |
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2823 Evaluate @code{(require 'fringe)} to define them. Fringe bitmap |
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2824 symbols have their own name space. |
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|
2825 |
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2826 @table @asis |
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2827 @item Truncation and continuation line bitmaps: |
57274
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|
2828 @code{left-truncation}, @code{right-truncation}, |
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2829 @code{continued-line}, @code{continuation-line}. |
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|
2830 |
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2831 @item Buffer indication bitmaps: |
57274
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2832 @code{up-arrow}, @code{down-arrow}, |
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|
2833 @code{top-left-angle}, @code{top-right-angle}, |
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2834 @code{bottom-left-angle}, @code{bottom-right-angle}, |
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|
2835 @code{left-bracket}, @code{right-bracket}. |
57193
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|
2836 |
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|
2837 @item Empty line indication bitmap: |
57274
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|
2838 @code{empty-line}. |
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|
2839 |
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|
2840 @item Overlay arrow bitmap: |
57274
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|
2841 @code{overlay-arrow}. |
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|
2842 |
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2843 @item Bitmaps for displaying the cursor in right fringe: |
57274
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2844 @code{filled-box-cursor}, @code{hollow-box-cursor}, @code{hollow-square}, |
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|
2845 @code{bar-cursor}, @code{hbar-cursor}. |
57221
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|
2846 @end table |
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|
2847 |
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|
2848 @defun fringe-bitmaps-at-pos &optional pos window |
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2849 This function returns the fringe bitmaps of the display line |
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|
2850 containing position @var{pos} in window @var{window}. The return |
57331
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(Fringe Bitmaps): Update fringe-bitmaps-at-pos.
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|
2851 value has the form @code{(@var{left} @var{right} @var{ov})}, where @var{left} |
57274
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|
2852 is the symbol for the fringe bitmap in the left fringe (or @code{nil} |
57331
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|
2853 if no bitmap), @var{right} is similar for the right fringe, and @var{ov} |
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|
2854 is non-@code{nil} if there is an overlay arrow in the left fringe. |
57221
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|
2855 |
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|
2856 The value is @code{nil} if @var{pos} is not visible in @var{window}. |
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|
2857 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, that stands for the selected window. |
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|
2858 If @var{pos} is @code{nil}, that stands for the value of point in |
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|
2859 @var{window}. |
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|
2860 @end defun |
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|
2861 |
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|
2862 @node Customizing Bitmaps |
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|
2863 @subsection Customizing Fringe Bitmaps |
57221
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|
2864 |
57274
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|
2865 @defun define-fringe-bitmap bitmap bits &optional height width align |
271dfa08c2d0
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|
2866 This function defines the symbol @var{bitmap} as a new fringe bitmap, |
271dfa08c2d0
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|
2867 or replaces an existing bitmap with that name. |
57221
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|
2868 |
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|
2869 The argument @var{bits} specifies the image to use. It should be |
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(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
2870 either a string or a vector of integers, where each element (an |
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(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
2871 integer) corresponds to one row of the bitmap. Each bit of an integer |
57274
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|
2872 corresponds to one pixel of the bitmap, where the low bit corresponds |
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|
2873 to the rightmost pixel of the bitmap. |
57221
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|
2874 |
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|
2875 The height is normally the length of @var{bits}. However, you |
18bdf278f148
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|
2876 can specify a different height with non-@code{nil} @var{height}. The width |
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|
2877 is normally 8, but you can specify a different width with non-@code{nil} |
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|
2878 @var{width}. The width must be an integer between 1 and 16. |
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|
2879 |
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|
2880 The argument @var{align} specifies the positioning of the bitmap |
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|
2881 relative to the range of rows where it is used; the default is to |
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|
2882 center the bitmap. The allowed values are @code{top}, @code{center}, |
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|
2883 or @code{bottom}. |
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|
2884 |
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|
2885 The @var{align} argument may also be a list @code{(@var{align} |
57225 | 2886 @var{periodic})} where @var{align} is interpreted as described above. |
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|
2887 If @var{periodic} is non-@code{nil}, it specifies that the rows in |
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|
2888 @code{bits} should be repeated enough times to reach the specified |
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diff
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|
2889 height. |
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|
2890 |
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|
2891 The return value on success is an integer identifying the new bitmap. |
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|
2892 You should save that integer in a variable so it can be used to select |
57274
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|
2893 this bitmap. |
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|
2894 |
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|
2895 This function signals an error if there are no more free bitmap slots. |
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|
2896 @end defun |
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|
2897 |
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|
2898 @defun destroy-fringe-bitmap bitmap |
57221
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2899 This function destroy the fringe bitmap identified by @var{bitmap}. |
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|
2900 If @var{bitmap} identifies a standard fringe bitmap, it actually |
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|
2901 restores the standard definition of that bitmap, instead of |
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(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
2902 eliminating it entirely. |
57193
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|
2903 @end defun |
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|
2904 |
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|
2905 @defun set-fringe-bitmap-face bitmap &optional face |
57221
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|
2906 This sets the face for the fringe bitmap @var{bitmap} to @var{face}. |
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|
2907 If @var{face} is @code{nil}, it selects the @code{fringe} face. The |
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|
2908 bitmap's face controls the color to draw it in. |
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|
2909 |
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|
2910 The face you use here should be derived from @code{fringe}, and should |
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|
2911 specify only the foreground color. |
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|
2912 @end defun |
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|
2913 |
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|
2914 @node Overlay Arrow |
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|
2915 @subsection The Overlay Arrow |
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|
2916 @cindex overlay arrow |
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|
2917 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2918 The @dfn{overlay arrow} is useful for directing the user's attention |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2919 to a particular line in a buffer. For example, in the modes used for |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2920 interface to debuggers, the overlay arrow indicates the line of code |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2921 about to be executed. This feature has nothing to do with |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2922 @dfn{overlays} (@pxref{Overlays}). |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2923 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2924 @defvar overlay-arrow-string |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2925 This variable holds the string to display to call attention to a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2926 particular line, or @code{nil} if the arrow feature is not in use. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2927 On a graphical display the contents of the string are ignored; instead a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2928 glyph is displayed in the fringe area to the left of the display area. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2929 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2930 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2931 @defvar overlay-arrow-position |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2932 This variable holds a marker that indicates where to display the overlay |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2933 arrow. It should point at the beginning of a line. On a non-graphical |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2934 display the arrow text |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2935 appears at the beginning of that line, overlaying any text that would |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2936 otherwise appear. Since the arrow is usually short, and the line |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2937 usually begins with indentation, normally nothing significant is |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2938 overwritten. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2939 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2940 The overlay string is displayed only in the buffer that this marker |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2941 points into. Thus, only one buffer can have an overlay arrow at any |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2942 given time. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2943 @c !!! overlay-arrow-position: but the overlay string may remain in the display |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2944 @c of some other buffer until an update is required. This should be fixed |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2945 @c now. Is it? |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2946 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2947 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2948 You can do a similar job by creating an overlay with a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2949 @code{before-string} property. @xref{Overlay Properties}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2950 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2951 You can define multiple overlay arrows via the variable |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2952 @code{overlay-arrow-variable-list}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2953 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2954 @defvar overlay-arrow-variable-list |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2955 This variable's value is a list of varibles, each of which specifies |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2956 the position of an overlay arrow. The variable |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2957 @code{overlay-arrow-position} has its normal meaning because it is on |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2958 this list. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2959 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2960 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2961 Each variable on this list can have properties |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2962 @code{overlay-arrow-string} and @code{overlay-arrow-bitmap} that |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2963 specify an overlay arrow string (for text-only terminals) or fringe |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2964 bitmap (for graphical terminals) to display at the corresponding |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2965 overlay arrow position. If either property is not set, the default |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2966 (@code{overlay-arrow-string} or @code{overlay-arrow-fringe-bitmap}) is |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2967 used. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2968 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2969 @node Scroll Bars |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2970 @section Scroll Bars |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2971 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2972 Normally the frame parameter @code{vertical-scroll-bars} controls |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2973 whether the windows in the frame have vertical scroll bars. A |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2974 non-@code{nil} parameter value means they do. The frame parameter |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2975 @code{scroll-bar-width} specifies how wide they are (@code{nil} |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2976 meaning the default). @xref{Window Frame Parameters}. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2977 |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
2978 @vindex vertical-scroll-bar |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
2979 You can enable or disable scroll bars for a particular buffer, |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
2980 by setting the variable @code{vertical-scroll-bar}. This variable |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
2981 automatically becomes buffer-local when set. The possible values are |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
2982 @code{left}, @code{right}, @code{t}, which means to use the |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
2983 frame's default, and @code{nil} for no scroll bar. |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
2984 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
2985 You can also control this for individual windows. Call the function |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2986 @code{set-window-scroll-bars} to specify what to do for a specific window: |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2987 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2988 @defun set-window-scroll-bars window width &optional vertical-type horizontal-type |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2989 This function sets the width and type of scroll bars for window |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2990 @var{window}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2991 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2992 @var{width} specifies the scroll bar width in pixels (@code{nil} means |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2993 use the width specified for the frame). @var{vertical-type} specifies |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2994 whether to have a vertical scroll bar and, if so, where. The possible |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2995 values are @code{left}, @code{right} and @code{nil}, just like the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2996 values of the @code{vertical-scroll-bars} frame parameter. |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2997 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2998 The argument @var{horizontal-type} is meant to specify whether and |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2999 where to have horizontal scroll bars, but since they are not |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3000 implemented, it has no effect. If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3001 selected window is used. |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3002 @end defun |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3003 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3004 @defun window-scroll-bars &optional window |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3005 Report the width and type of scroll bars specified for @var{window}. |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
3006 If @var{window} is omitted or @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
3007 The value is a list of the form @code{(@var{width} |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3008 @var{cols} @var{vertical-type} @var{horizontal-type})}. The value |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3009 @var{width} is the value that was specified for the width (which may |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3010 be @code{nil}); @var{cols} is the number of columns that the scroll |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3011 bar actually occupies. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3012 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3013 @var{horizontal-type} is not actually meaningful. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3014 @end defun |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3015 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3016 If you don't specify these values for a window with |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3017 @code{set-window-scroll-bars}, the buffer-local variables |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3018 @code{scroll-bar-mode} and @code{scroll-bar-width} in the buffer being |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3019 displayed control the window's vertical scroll bars. The function |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3020 @code{set-window-buffer} examines these variables. If you change them |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3021 in a buffer that is already visible in a window, you can make the |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3022 window take note of the new values by calling @code{set-window-buffer} |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3023 specifying the same buffer that is already displayed. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3024 |
58496
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3025 @defvar scroll-bar-mode |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3026 This variable, always local in all buffers, controls whether and where |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3027 to put scroll bars in windows displaying the buffer. The possible values |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3028 are @code{nil} for no scroll bar, @code{left} to put a scroll bar on |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3029 the left, and @code{right} to put a scroll bar on the right. |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3030 @end defvar |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3031 |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3032 @defvar scroll-bar-width |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3033 This variable, always local in all buffers, specifies the width of the |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3034 buffer's scroll bars, measured in pixels. A value of @code{nil} means |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3035 to use the value specified by the frame. |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3036 @end defvar |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3037 |
57201
2950fcfcfa44
Correct various typos.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
57193
diff
changeset
|
3038 @node Pointer Shape |
2950fcfcfa44
Correct various typos.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
57193
diff
changeset
|
3039 @section Pointer Shape |
57193
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|
3040 |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3041 Normally, the mouse pointer has the @code{text} shape over text and |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3042 the @code{arrow} shape over window areas which do not correspond to |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3043 any buffer text. You can specify the mouse pointer shape over text or |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3044 images via the @code{pointer} text property, and for images with the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3045 @code{:pointer} and @code{:map} image properties. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3046 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3047 The available pointer shapes are: @code{text} (or @code{nil}), |
57193
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parents:
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|
3048 @code{arrow}, @code{hand}, @code{vdrag}, @code{hdrag}, |
714a83d1ea32
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parents:
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diff
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|
3049 @code{modeline}, and @code{hourglass}. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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changeset
|
3050 |
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changeset
|
3051 @defvar void-text-area-pointer |
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Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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|
3052 @tindex void-text-area-pointer |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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|
3053 This variable specifies the mouse pointer shape in void text areas, |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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changeset
|
3054 i.e. the areas after the end of a line or below the last line in the |
714a83d1ea32
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changeset
|
3055 buffer. The default is to use the @code{arrow} (non-text) pointer. |
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|
3056 @end defvar |
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|
3057 |
25751
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changeset
|
3058 @node Display Property |
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changeset
|
3059 @section The @code{display} Property |
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changeset
|
3060 @cindex display specification |
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changeset
|
3061 @kindex display @r{(text property)} |
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changeset
|
3062 |
25875 | 3063 The @code{display} text property (or overlay property) is used to |
3064 insert images into text, and also control other aspects of how text | |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
3065 displays. The value of the @code{display} property should be a |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
3066 display specification, or a list or vector containing several display |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
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parents:
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changeset
|
3067 specifications. The rest of this section describes several kinds of |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
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changeset
|
3068 display specifications and what they mean. |
25751
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|
3069 |
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changeset
|
3070 @menu |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
3071 * Specified Space:: Displaying one space with a specified width. |
57193
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|
3072 * Pixel Specification:: Specifying space width or height in pixels. |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
3073 * Other Display Specs:: Displaying an image; magnifying text; moving it |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
48948
diff
changeset
|
3074 up or down on the page; adjusting the width |
25875 | 3075 of spaces within text. |
3076 * Display Margins:: Displaying text or images to the side of the main text. | |
25751
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changeset
|
3077 @end menu |
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changeset
|
3078 |
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changeset
|
3079 @node Specified Space |
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diff
changeset
|
3080 @subsection Specified Spaces |
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diff
changeset
|
3081 @cindex spaces, specified height or width |
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diff
changeset
|
3082 @cindex specified spaces |
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diff
changeset
|
3083 @cindex variable-width spaces |
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changeset
|
3084 |
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changeset
|
3085 To display a space of specified width and/or height, use a display |
25875 | 3086 specification of the form @code{(space . @var{props})}, where |
3087 @var{props} is a property list (a list of alternating properties and | |
3088 values). You can put this property on one or more consecutive | |
3089 characters; a space of the specified height and width is displayed in | |
3090 place of @emph{all} of those characters. These are the properties you | |
44281 | 3091 can use in @var{props} to specify the weight of the space: |
25751
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changeset
|
3092 |
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changeset
|
3093 @table @code |
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changeset
|
3094 @item :width @var{width} |
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Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3095 If @var{width} is an integer or floating point number, it specifies |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3096 that the space width should be @var{width} times the normal character |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3097 width. @var{width} can also be a @dfn{pixel width} specification |
57193
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parents:
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diff
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|
3098 (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
25751
467b88fab665
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changeset
|
3099 |
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changeset
|
3100 @item :relative-width @var{factor} |
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changeset
|
3101 Specifies that the width of the stretch should be computed from the |
467b88fab665
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changeset
|
3102 first character in the group of consecutive characters that have the |
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|
3103 same @code{display} property. The space width is the width of that |
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changeset
|
3104 character, multiplied by @var{factor}. |
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parents:
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changeset
|
3105 |
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changeset
|
3106 @item :align-to @var{hpos} |
57193
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parents:
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diff
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|
3107 Specifies that the space should be wide enough to reach @var{hpos}. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3108 If @var{hpos} is a number, it is measured in units of the normal |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3109 character width. @var{hpos} can also be a @dfn{pixel width} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3110 specification (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
25751
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|
3111 @end table |
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|
3112 |
44281 | 3113 You should use one and only one of the above properties. You can |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3114 also specify the height of the space, with these properties: |
25751
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|
3115 |
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changeset
|
3116 @table @code |
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|
3117 @item :height @var{height} |
57193
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|
3118 Specifies the height of the space. |
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|
3119 If @var{height} is an integer or floating point number, it specifies |
714a83d1ea32
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diff
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|
3120 that the space height should be @var{height} times the normal character |
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|
3121 height. The @var{height} may also be a @dfn{pixel height} specification |
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|
3122 (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
25751
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|
3123 |
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|
3124 @item :relative-height @var{factor} |
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|
3125 Specifies the height of the space, multiplying the ordinary height |
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|
3126 of the text having this display specification by @var{factor}. |
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|
3127 |
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|
3128 @item :ascent @var{ascent} |
57193
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|
3129 If the value of @var{ascent} is a non-negative number no greater than |
714a83d1ea32
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|
3130 100, it specifies that @var{ascent} percent of the height of the space |
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|
3131 should be considered as the ascent of the space---that is, the part |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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diff
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|
3132 above the baseline. The ascent may also be specified in pixel units |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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diff
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|
3133 with a @dfn{pixel ascent} specification (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
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|
3134 |
25751
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|
3135 @end table |
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|
3136 |
44281 | 3137 Don't use both @code{:height} and @code{:relative-height} together. |
25751
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|
3138 |
57221
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(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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diff
changeset
|
3139 The @code{:height} and @code{:align-to} properties are supported on |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
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|
3140 non-graphic terminals, but the other space properties in this section |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
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|
3141 are not. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
3142 |
57193
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|
3143 @node Pixel Specification |
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|
3144 @subsection Pixel Specification for Spaces |
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|
3145 @cindex spaces, pixel specification |
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|
3146 |
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|
3147 The value of the @code{:width}, @code{:align-to}, @code{:height}, |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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diff
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|
3148 and @code{:ascent} properties can be a special kind of expression that |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
3149 is evaluated during redisplay. The result of the evaluation is used |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
3150 as an absolute number of pixels. |
57193
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|
3151 |
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3152 The following expressions are supported: |
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3153 |
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|
3154 @example |
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|
3155 @group |
57274
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|
3156 @var{expr} ::= @var{num} | (@var{num}) | @var{unit} | @var{elem} | @var{pos} | @var{image} | @var{form} |
57221
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|
3157 @var{num} ::= @var{integer} | @var{float} | @var{symbol} |
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|
3158 @var{unit} ::= in | mm | cm | width | height |
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|
3159 @var{elem} ::= left-fringe | right-fringe | left-margin | right-margin |
57193
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|
3160 | scroll-bar | text |
57221
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|
3161 @var{pos} ::= left | center | right |
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|
3162 @var{form} ::= (@var{num} . @var{expr}) | (@var{op} @var{expr} ...) |
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|
3163 @var{op} ::= + | - |
57193
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|
3164 @end group |
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|
3165 @end example |
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|
3166 |
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|
3167 The form @var{num} specifies a fraction of the default frame font |
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|
3168 height or width. The form @code{(@var{num})} specifies an absolute |
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|
3169 number of pixels. If @var{num} is a symbol, @var{symbol}, its |
57193
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|
3170 buffer-local variable binding is used. |
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|
3171 |
57221
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|
3172 The @code{in}, @code{mm}, and @code{cm} units specify the number of |
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|
3173 pixels per inch, millimeter, and centimeter, respectively. The |
18bdf278f148
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|
3174 @code{width} and @code{height} units correspond to the default width |
57274
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|
3175 and height of the current face. An image specification @code{image} |
57193
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|
3176 corresponds to the width or height of the image. |
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|
3177 |
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3178 The @code{left-fringe}, @code{right-fringe}, @code{left-margin}, |
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|
3179 @code{right-margin}, @code{scroll-bar}, and @code{text} elements |
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3180 specify to the width of the corresponding area of the window. |
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|
3181 |
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|
3182 The @code{left}, @code{center}, and @code{right} positions can be |
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|
3183 used with @code{:align-to} to specify a position relative to the left |
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|
3184 edge, center, or right edge of the text area. |
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|
3185 |
57221
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|
3186 Any of the above window elements (except @code{text}) can also be |
57193
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|
3187 used with @code{:align-to} to specify that the position is relative to |
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|
3188 the left edge of the given area. Once the base offset for a relative |
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|
3189 position has been set (by the first occurrence of one of these |
57225 | 3190 symbols), further occurrences of these symbols are interpreted as the |
57193
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|
3191 width of the specified area. For example, to align to the center of |
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|
3192 the left-margin, use |
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|
3193 |
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|
3194 @example |
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|
3195 :align-to (+ left-margin (0.5 . left-margin)) |
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|
3196 @end example |
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|
3197 |
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|
3198 If no specific base offset is set for alignment, it is always relative |
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|
3199 to the left edge of the text area. For example, @samp{:align-to 0} in a |
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|
3200 header-line aligns with the first text column in the text area. |
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|
3201 |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
3202 A value of the form @code{(@var{num} . @var{expr})} stands for the |
ed1869261935
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diff
changeset
|
3203 product of the values of @var{num} and @var{expr}. For example, |
57221
18bdf278f148
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|
3204 @code{(2 . in)} specifies a width of 2 inches, while @code{(0.5 . |
60503
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|
3205 @var{image})} specifies half the width (or height) of the specified |
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|
3206 image. |
57221
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|
3207 |
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|
3208 The form @code{(+ @var{expr} ...)} adds up the value of the |
18bdf278f148
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|
3209 expressions. The form @code{(- @var{expr} ...)} negates or subtracts |
57193
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|
3210 the value of the expressions. |
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|
3211 |
25751
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|
3212 @node Other Display Specs |
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|
3213 @subsection Other Display Specifications |
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3214 |
57221
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|
3215 Here are the other sorts of display specifications that you can use |
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|
3216 in the @code{display} text property. |
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|
3217 |
25751
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|
3218 @table @code |
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3219 @item (image . @var{image-props}) |
60503
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|
3220 This display specification is an image descriptor (@pxref{Images}). |
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|
3221 When used as a display specification, it means to display the image |
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|
3222 instead of the text that has the display specification. |
25751
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3223 |
57193
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|
3224 @item (slice @var{x} @var{y} @var{width} @var{height}) |
57221
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|
3225 This specification together with @code{image} specifies a @dfn{slice} |
18bdf278f148
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|
3226 (a partial area) of the image to display. The elements @var{y} and |
18bdf278f148
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|
3227 @var{x} specify the top left corner of the slice, within the image; |
18bdf278f148
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|
3228 @var{width} and @var{height} specify the width and height of the |
18bdf278f148
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|
3229 slice. Integer values are numbers of pixels. A floating point number |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
3230 in the range 0.0--1.0 stands for that fraction of the width or height |
18bdf278f148
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|
3231 of the entire image. |
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|
3232 |
32467 | 3233 @item ((margin nil) @var{string}) |
3234 @itemx @var{string} | |
3235 A display specification of this form means to display @var{string} | |
3236 instead of the text that has the display specification, at the same | |
3237 position as that text. This is a special case of marginal display | |
3238 (@pxref{Display Margins}). | |
3239 | |
44281 | 3240 Recursive display specifications are not supported---string display |
3241 specifications must not have @code{display} properties themselves. | |
36935 | 3242 |
25751
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3243 @item (space-width @var{factor}) |
25875 | 3244 This display specification affects all the space characters within the |
3245 text that has the specification. It displays all of these spaces | |
3246 @var{factor} times as wide as normal. The element @var{factor} should | |
3247 be an integer or float. Characters other than spaces are not affected | |
3248 at all; in particular, this has no effect on tab characters. | |
25751
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3249 |
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3250 @item (height @var{height}) |
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|
3251 This display specification makes the text taller or shorter. |
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3252 Here are the possibilities for @var{height}: |
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3253 |
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3254 @table @asis |
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3255 @item @code{(+ @var{n})} |
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3256 This means to use a font that is @var{n} steps larger. A ``step'' is |
25875 | 3257 defined by the set of available fonts---specifically, those that match |
3258 what was otherwise specified for this text, in all attributes except | |
3259 height. Each size for which a suitable font is available counts as | |
3260 another step. @var{n} should be an integer. | |
25751
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3261 |
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3262 @item @code{(- @var{n})} |
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3263 This means to use a font that is @var{n} steps smaller. |
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3264 |
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3265 @item a number, @var{factor} |
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3266 A number, @var{factor}, means to use a font that is @var{factor} times |
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3267 as tall as the default font. |
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3268 |
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3269 @item a symbol, @var{function} |
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3270 A symbol is a function to compute the height. It is called with the |
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3271 current height as argument, and should return the new height to use. |
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3272 |
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3273 @item anything else, @var{form} |
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3274 If the @var{height} value doesn't fit the previous possibilities, it is |
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3275 a form. Emacs evaluates it to get the new height, with the symbol |
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3276 @code{height} bound to the current specified font height. |
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3277 @end table |
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3278 |
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3279 @item (raise @var{factor}) |
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3280 This kind of display specification raises or lowers the text |
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3281 it applies to, relative to the baseline of the line. |
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3282 |
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3283 @var{factor} must be a number, which is interpreted as a multiple of the |
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3284 height of the affected text. If it is positive, that means to display |
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3285 the characters raised. If it is negative, that means to display them |
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3286 lower down. |
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3287 |
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3288 If the text also has a @code{height} display specification, that does |
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3289 not affect the amount of raising or lowering, which is based on the |
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3290 faces used for the text. |
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3291 @end table |
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3292 |
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3293 You can make any display specification conditional. To do that, |
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3294 package it in another list of the form @code{(when @var{condition} . |
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3295 @var{spec})}. Then the specification @var{spec} applies only when |
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3296 @var{condition} evaluates to a non-@code{nil} value. During the |
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3297 evaluation, @code{object} is bound to the string or buffer having the |
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3298 conditional @code{display} property. @code{position} and |
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3299 @code{buffer-position} are bound to the position within @code{object} |
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3300 and the buffer position where the @code{display} property was found, |
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3301 respectively. Both positions can be different when @code{object} is a |
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3302 string. |
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3303 |
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3304 @node Display Margins |
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3305 @subsection Displaying in the Margins |
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3306 @cindex display margins |
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3307 @cindex margins, display |
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3308 |
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3309 A buffer can have blank areas called @dfn{display margins} on the left |
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3310 and on the right. Ordinary text never appears in these areas, but you |
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3311 can put things into the display margins using the @code{display} |
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3312 property. |
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3313 |
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3314 To put text in the left or right display margin of the window, use a |
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3315 display specification of the form @code{(margin right-margin)} or |
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3316 @code{(margin left-margin)} on it. To put an image in a display margin, |
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3317 use that display specification along with the display specification for |
42476
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3318 the image. Unfortunately, there is currently no way to make |
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3319 text or images in the margin mouse-sensitive. |
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3320 |
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3321 If you put such a display specification directly on text in the |
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3322 buffer, the specified margin display appears @emph{instead of} that |
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3323 buffer text itself. To put something in the margin @emph{in |
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3324 association with} certain buffer text without preventing or altering |
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3325 the display of that text, put a @code{before-string} property on the |
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3326 text and put the display specification on the contents of the |
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3327 before-string. |
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3328 |
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3329 Before the display margins can display anything, you must give |
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3330 them a nonzero width. The usual way to do that is to set these |
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3331 variables: |
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3332 |
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3333 @defvar left-margin-width |
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3334 @tindex left-margin-width |
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3335 This variable specifies the width of the left margin. |
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3336 It is buffer-local in all buffers. |
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3337 @end defvar |
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3338 |
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3339 @defvar right-margin-width |
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3340 @tindex right-margin-width |
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3341 This variable specifies the width of the right margin. |
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3342 It is buffer-local in all buffers. |
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3343 @end defvar |
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3344 |
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3345 Setting these variables does not immediately affect the window. These |
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3346 variables are checked when a new buffer is displayed in the window. |
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3347 Thus, you can make changes take effect by calling |
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3348 @code{set-window-buffer}. |
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3349 |
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3350 You can also set the margin widths immediately. |
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3351 |
36935 | 3352 @defun set-window-margins window left &optional right |
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3353 @tindex set-window-margins |
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3354 This function specifies the margin widths for window @var{window}. |
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3355 The argument @var{left} controls the left margin and |
36935 | 3356 @var{right} controls the right margin (default @code{0}). |
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3357 @end defun |
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3358 |
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3359 @defun window-margins &optional window |
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3360 @tindex window-margins |
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3361 This function returns the left and right margins of @var{window} |
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3362 as a cons cell of the form @code{(@var{left} . @var{right})}. |
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3363 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
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3364 @end defun |
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3365 |
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3366 @node Images |
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3367 @section Images |
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3368 @cindex images in buffers |
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3369 |
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3370 To display an image in an Emacs buffer, you must first create an image |
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3371 descriptor, then use it as a display specifier in the @code{display} |
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3372 property of text that is displayed (@pxref{Display Property}). |
25751
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3373 |
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3374 Emacs can display a number of different image formats; some of them |
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3375 are supported only if particular support libraries are installed on |
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3376 your machine. In some environments, Emacs can load image |
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3377 libraries on demand; if so, the variable @code{image-library-alist} |
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3378 can be used to modify the set of known names for these dynamic |
57225 | 3379 libraries (though it is not possible to add new image formats). |
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3380 |
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|
3381 The supported image formats include XBM, XPM (this requires the |
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|
3382 libraries @code{libXpm} version 3.4k and @code{libz}), GIF (requiring |
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|
3383 @code{libungif} 4.1.0), Postscript, PBM, JPEG (requiring the |
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3384 @code{libjpeg} library version v6a), TIFF (requiring @code{libtiff} |
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3385 v3.4), and PNG (requiring @code{libpng} 1.0.2). |
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3386 |
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3387 You specify one of these formats with an image type symbol. The image |
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3388 type symbols are @code{xbm}, @code{xpm}, @code{gif}, @code{postscript}, |
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3389 @code{pbm}, @code{jpeg}, @code{tiff}, and @code{png}. |
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3390 |
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3391 @defvar image-types |
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3392 This variable contains a list of those image type symbols that are |
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3393 potentially supported in the current configuration. |
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3394 @emph{Potentially} here means that Emacs knows about the image types, |
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3395 not necessarily that they can be loaded (they could depend on |
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3396 unavailable dynamic libraries, for example). |
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3397 |
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3398 To know which image types are really available, use |
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3399 @code{image-type-available-p}. |
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3400 @end defvar |
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3401 |
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3402 @defvar image-library-alist |
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3403 This in an alist of image types vs external libraries needed to |
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3404 display them. |
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3405 |
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3406 Each element is a list @code{(@var{image-type} @var{library}...)}, |
56109
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3407 where the car is a supported image format from @code{image-types}, and |
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3408 the rest are strings giving alternate filenames for the corresponding |
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3409 external libraries to load. |
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3410 |
56185
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3411 Emacs tries to load the libraries in the order they appear on the |
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3412 list; if none is loaded, the running session of Emacs won't support |
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3413 the image type. @code{pbm} and @code{xbm} don't need to be listed; |
56109
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3414 they're always supported. |
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3415 |
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3416 This variable is ignored if the image libraries are statically linked |
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3417 into Emacs. |
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3418 @end defvar |
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3419 |
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3420 @defun image-type-available-p type |
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3421 @findex image-type-available-p |
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3422 |
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3423 This function returns non-@code{nil} if image type @var{type} is |
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3424 available, i.e., if images of this type can be loaded and displayed in |
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3425 Emacs. @var{type} should be one of the types contained in |
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3426 @code{image-types}. |
56109
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3427 |
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3428 For image types whose support libraries are statically linked, this |
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3429 function always returns @code{t}; for other image types, it returns |
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3430 @code{t} if the dynamic library could be loaded, @code{nil} otherwise. |
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3431 @end defun |
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3432 |
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3433 @menu |
25875 | 3434 * Image Descriptors:: How to specify an image for use in @code{:display}. |
3435 * XBM Images:: Special features for XBM format. | |
3436 * XPM Images:: Special features for XPM format. | |
3437 * GIF Images:: Special features for GIF format. | |
3438 * Postscript Images:: Special features for Postscript format. | |
3439 * Other Image Types:: Various other formats are supported. | |
3440 * Defining Images:: Convenient ways to define an image for later use. | |
3441 * Showing Images:: Convenient ways to display an image once it is defined. | |
3442 * Image Cache:: Internal mechanisms of image display. | |
25751
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3443 @end menu |
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3444 |
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3445 @node Image Descriptors |
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3446 @subsection Image Descriptors |
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3447 @cindex image descriptor |
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3448 |
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3449 An image description is a list of the form @code{(image |
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3450 . @var{props})}, where @var{props} is a property list containing |
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3451 alternating keyword symbols (symbols whose names start with a colon) and |
26400 | 3452 their values. You can use any Lisp object as a property, but the only |
3453 properties that have any special meaning are certain symbols, all of | |
3454 them keywords. | |
3455 | |
3456 Every image descriptor must contain the property @code{:type | |
3457 @var{type}} to specify the format of the image. The value of @var{type} | |
3458 should be an image type symbol; for example, @code{xpm} for an image in | |
3459 XPM format. | |
25751
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3460 |
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3461 Here is a list of other properties that are meaningful for all image |
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3462 types: |
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3463 |
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3464 @table @code |
36730
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3465 @item :file @var{file} |
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3466 The @code{:file} property says to load the image from file |
36730
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3467 @var{file}. If @var{file} is not an absolute file name, it is expanded |
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3468 in @code{data-directory}. |
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3469 |
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3470 @item :data @var{data} |
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3471 The @code{:data} property says the actual contents of the image. |
36730
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3472 Each image must use either @code{:data} or @code{:file}, but not both. |
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3473 For most image types, the value of the @code{:data} property should be a |
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3474 string containing the image data; we recommend using a unibyte string. |
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3475 |
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3476 Before using @code{:data}, look for further information in the section |
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3477 below describing the specific image format. For some image types, |
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3478 @code{:data} may not be supported; for some, it allows other data types; |
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3479 for some, @code{:data} alone is not enough, so you need to use other |
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3480 image properties along with @code{:data}. |
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3481 |
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3482 @item :margin @var{margin} |
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3483 The @code{:margin} property specifies how many pixels to add as an |
51000
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3484 extra margin around the image. The value, @var{margin}, must be a |
36730
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3485 non-negative number, or a pair @code{(@var{x} . @var{y})} of such |
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3486 numbers. If it is a pair, @var{x} specifies how many pixels to add |
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3487 horizontally, and @var{y} specifies how many pixels to add vertically. |
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3488 If @code{:margin} is not specified, the default is zero. |
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3489 |
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3490 @item :ascent @var{ascent} |
29151 | 3491 The @code{:ascent} property specifies the amount of the image's |
3492 height to use for its ascent---that is, the part above the baseline. | |
3493 The value, @var{ascent}, must be a number in the range 0 to 100, or | |
3494 the symbol @code{center}. | |
3495 | |
3496 If @var{ascent} is a number, that percentage of the image's height is | |
3497 used for its ascent. | |
3498 | |
3499 If @var{ascent} is @code{center}, the image is vertically centered | |
3500 around a centerline which would be the vertical centerline of text drawn | |
3501 at the position of the image, in the manner specified by the text | |
3502 properties and overlays that apply to the image. | |
3503 | |
3504 If this property is omitted, it defaults to 50. | |
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3505 |
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3506 @item :relief @var{relief} |
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3507 The @code{:relief} property, if non-@code{nil}, adds a shadow rectangle |
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3508 around the image. The value, @var{relief}, specifies the width of the |
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3509 shadow lines, in pixels. If @var{relief} is negative, shadows are drawn |
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3510 so that the image appears as a pressed button; otherwise, it appears as |
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3511 an unpressed button. |
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3512 |
35364 | 3513 @item :conversion @var{algorithm} |
3514 The @code{:conversion} property, if non-@code{nil}, specifies a | |
25751
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3515 conversion algorithm that should be applied to the image before it is |
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3516 displayed; the value, @var{algorithm}, specifies which algorithm. |
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3517 |
33996 | 3518 @table @code |
3519 @item laplace | |
3520 @itemx emboss | |
3521 Specifies the Laplace edge detection algorithm, which blurs out small | |
3522 differences in color while highlighting larger differences. People | |
3523 sometimes consider this useful for displaying the image for a | |
3524 ``disabled'' button. | |
3525 | |
3526 @item (edge-detection :matrix @var{matrix} :color-adjust @var{adjust}) | |
3527 Specifies a general edge-detection algorithm. @var{matrix} must be | |
3528 either a nine-element list or a nine-element vector of numbers. A pixel | |
3529 at position @math{x/y} in the transformed image is computed from | |
3530 original pixels around that position. @var{matrix} specifies, for each | |
3531 pixel in the neighborhood of @math{x/y}, a factor with which that pixel | |
3532 will influence the transformed pixel; element @math{0} specifies the | |
3533 factor for the pixel at @math{x-1/y-1}, element @math{1} the factor for | |
3534 the pixel at @math{x/y-1} etc., as shown below: | |
3535 @iftex | |
3536 @tex | |
3537 $$\pmatrix{x-1/y-1 & x/y-1 & x+1/y-1 \cr | |
3538 x-1/y & x/y & x+1/y \cr | |
3539 x-1/y+1& x/y+1 & x+1/y+1 \cr}$$ | |
3540 @end tex | |
3541 @end iftex | |
3542 @ifnottex | |
3543 @display | |
3544 (x-1/y-1 x/y-1 x+1/y-1 | |
3545 x-1/y x/y x+1/y | |
3546 x-1/y+1 x/y+1 x+1/y+1) | |
3547 @end display | |
3548 @end ifnottex | |
3549 | |
3550 The resulting pixel is computed from the color intensity of the color | |
3551 resulting from summing up the RGB values of surrounding pixels, | |
3552 multiplied by the specified factors, and dividing that sum by the sum | |
3553 of the factors' absolute values. | |
3554 | |
3555 Laplace edge-detection currently uses a matrix of | |
3556 @iftex | |
3557 @tex | |
3558 $$\pmatrix{1 & 0 & 0 \cr | |
3559 0& 0 & 0 \cr | |
3560 9 & 9 & -1 \cr}$$ | |
3561 @end tex | |
3562 @end iftex | |
3563 @ifnottex | |
3564 @display | |
3565 (1 0 0 | |
3566 0 0 0 | |
3567 9 9 -1) | |
3568 @end display | |
3569 @end ifnottex | |
3570 | |
3571 Emboss edge-detection uses a matrix of | |
3572 @iftex | |
3573 @tex | |
3574 $$\pmatrix{ 2 & -1 & 0 \cr | |
3575 -1 & 0 & 1 \cr | |
3576 0 & 1 & -2 \cr}$$ | |
3577 @end tex | |
3578 @end iftex | |
3579 @ifnottex | |
3580 @display | |
3581 ( 2 -1 0 | |
3582 -1 0 1 | |
3583 0 1 -2) | |
3584 @end display | |
3585 @end ifnottex | |
3586 | |
3587 @item disabled | |
3588 Specifies transforming the image so that it looks ``disabled''. | |
3589 @end table | |
3590 | |
3591 @item :mask @var{mask} | |
3592 If @var{mask} is @code{heuristic} or @code{(heuristic @var{bg})}, build | |
3593 a clipping mask for the image, so that the background of a frame is | |
3594 visible behind the image. If @var{bg} is not specified, or if @var{bg} | |
3595 is @code{t}, determine the background color of the image by looking at | |
3596 the four corners of the image, assuming the most frequently occurring | |
3597 color from the corners is the background color of the image. Otherwise, | |
3598 @var{bg} must be a list @code{(@var{red} @var{green} @var{blue})} | |
3599 specifying the color to assume for the background of the image. | |
3600 | |
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3601 If @var{mask} is @code{nil}, remove a mask from the image, if it has |
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3602 one. Images in some formats include a mask which can be removed by |
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3603 specifying @code{:mask nil}. |
57193
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3604 |
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3605 @item :pointer @var{shape} |
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3606 This specifies the pointer shape when the mouse pointer is over this |
57225 | 3607 image. @xref{Pointer Shape}, for available pointer shapes. |
57193
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3608 |
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3609 @item :map @var{map} |
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3610 This associates an image map of @dfn{hot spots} with this image. |
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3611 |
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3612 An image map is an alist where each element has the format |
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3613 @code{(@var{area} @var{id} @var{plist})}. An @var{area} is specified |
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3614 as either a rectangle, a circle, or a polygon. |
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3615 |
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3616 A rectangle is a cons |
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|
3617 @code{(rect . ((@var{x0} . @var{y0}) . (@var{x1} . @var{y1})))} |
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|
3618 which specifies the pixel coordinates of the upper left and bottom right |
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3619 corners of the rectangle area. |
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|
3620 |
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3621 A circle is a cons |
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|
3622 @code{(circle . ((@var{x0} . @var{y0}) . @var{r}))} |
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|
3623 which specifies the center and the radius of the circle; @var{r} may |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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|
3624 be a float or integer. |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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|
3625 |
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|
3626 A polygon is a cons |
57201
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Correct various typos.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
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|
3627 @code{(poly . [@var{x0} @var{y0} @var{x1} @var{y1} ...])} |
57193
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|
3628 where each pair in the vector describes one corner in the polygon. |
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|
3629 |
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|
3630 When the mouse pointer is above a hot-spot area of an image, the |
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|
3631 @var{plist} of that hot-spot is consulted; if it contains a @code{help-echo} |
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|
3632 property it defines a tool-tip for the hot-spot, and if it contains |
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|
3633 a @code{pointer} property, it defines the shape of the mouse cursor when |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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|
3634 it is over the hot-spot. |
57225 | 3635 @xref{Pointer Shape}, for available pointer shapes. |
57193
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|
3636 |
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|
3637 When you click the mouse when the mouse pointer is over a hot-spot, an |
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parents:
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|
3638 event is composed by combining the @var{id} of the hot-spot with the |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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|
3639 mouse event; for instance, @code{[area4 mouse-1]} if the hot-spot's |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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3640 @var{id} is @code{area4}. |
25751
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3641 @end table |
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3642 |
33996 | 3643 @defun image-mask-p spec &optional frame |
3644 @tindex image-mask-p | |
3645 This function returns @code{t} if image @var{spec} has a mask bitmap. | |
3646 @var{frame} is the frame on which the image will be displayed. | |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
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|
3647 @var{frame} @code{nil} or omitted means to use the selected frame |
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(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
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|
3648 (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
33996 | 3649 @end defun |
3650 | |
25751
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3651 @node XBM Images |
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3652 @subsection XBM Images |
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3653 @cindex XBM |
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3654 |
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3655 To use XBM format, specify @code{xbm} as the image type. This image |
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3656 format doesn't require an external library, so images of this type are |
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3657 always supported. |
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3658 |
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3659 Additional image properties supported for the @code{xbm} image type are: |
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3660 |
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3661 @table @code |
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3662 @item :foreground @var{foreground} |
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3663 The value, @var{foreground}, should be a string specifying the image |
37949
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3664 foreground color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
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parents:
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|
3665 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 1. The default is the frame's |
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
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parents:
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|
3666 foreground color. |
25751
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3667 |
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3668 @item :background @var{background} |
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3669 The value, @var{background}, should be a string specifying the image |
37949
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
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parents:
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|
3670 background color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
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parents:
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|
3671 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 0. The default is the frame's |
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
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parents:
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|
3672 background color. |
25751
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3673 @end table |
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3674 |
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3675 If you specify an XBM image using data within Emacs instead of an |
28792 | 3676 external file, use the following three properties: |
25751
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3677 |
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3678 @table @code |
28792 | 3679 @item :data @var{data} |
3680 The value, @var{data}, specifies the contents of the image. | |
3681 There are three formats you can use for @var{data}: | |
3682 | |
3683 @itemize @bullet | |
3684 @item | |
3685 A vector of strings or bool-vectors, each specifying one line of the | |
3686 image. Do specify @code{:height} and @code{:width}. | |
3687 | |
3688 @item | |
3689 A string containing the same byte sequence as an XBM file would contain. | |
3690 You must not specify @code{:height} and @code{:width} in this case, | |
3691 because omitting them is what indicates the data has the format of an | |
3692 XBM file. The file contents specify the height and width of the image. | |
3693 | |
3694 @item | |
3695 A string or a bool-vector containing the bits of the image (plus perhaps | |
3696 some extra bits at the end that will not be used). It should contain at | |
3697 least @var{width} * @code{height} bits. In this case, you must specify | |
3698 @code{:height} and @code{:width}, both to indicate that the string | |
3699 contains just the bits rather than a whole XBM file, and to specify the | |
3700 size of the image. | |
3701 @end itemize | |
3702 | |
25751
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3703 @item :width @var{width} |
28792 | 3704 The value, @var{width}, specifies the width of the image, in pixels. |
25751
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3705 |
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3706 @item :height @var{height} |
28792 | 3707 The value, @var{height}, specifies the height of the image, in pixels. |
25751
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3708 @end table |
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3709 |
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3710 @node XPM Images |
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3711 @subsection XPM Images |
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3712 @cindex XPM |
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3713 |
27093
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3714 To use XPM format, specify @code{xpm} as the image type. The |
4b1a67a46d8c
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3715 additional image property @code{:color-symbols} is also meaningful with |
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3716 the @code{xpm} image type: |
25751
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3717 |
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3718 @table @code |
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3719 @item :color-symbols @var{symbols} |
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3720 The value, @var{symbols}, should be an alist whose elements have the |
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3721 form @code{(@var{name} . @var{color})}. In each element, @var{name} is |
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3722 the name of a color as it appears in the image file, and @var{color} |
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3723 specifies the actual color to use for displaying that name. |
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3724 @end table |
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3725 |
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3726 @node GIF Images |
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3727 @subsection GIF Images |
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3728 @cindex GIF |
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3729 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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3730 For GIF images, specify image type @code{gif}. |
25751
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3731 |
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3732 @table @code |
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3733 @item :index @var{index} |
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3734 You can use @code{:index} to specify one image from a GIF file that |
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3735 contains more than one image. This property specifies use of image |
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3736 number @var{index} from the file. If the GIF file doesn't contain an |
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3737 image with index @var{index}, the image displays as a hollow box. |
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3738 @end table |
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3739 |
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3740 @ignore |
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3741 This could be used to implement limited support for animated GIFs. |
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3742 For example, the following function displays a multi-image GIF file |
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3743 at point-min in the current buffer, switching between sub-images |
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3744 every 0.1 seconds. |
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3745 |
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3746 (defun show-anim (file max) |
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3747 "Display multi-image GIF file FILE which contains MAX subimages." |
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3748 (display-anim (current-buffer) file 0 max t)) |
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3749 |
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3750 (defun display-anim (buffer file idx max first-time) |
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3751 (when (= idx max) |
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3752 (setq idx 0)) |
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3753 (let ((img (create-image file nil :image idx))) |
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3754 (save-excursion |
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3755 (set-buffer buffer) |
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3756 (goto-char (point-min)) |
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3757 (unless first-time (delete-char 1)) |
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3758 (insert-image img)) |
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3759 (run-with-timer 0.1 nil 'display-anim buffer file (1+ idx) max nil))) |
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3760 @end ignore |
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3761 |
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3762 @node Postscript Images |
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3763 @subsection Postscript Images |
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3764 @cindex Postscript images |
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3765 |
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3766 To use Postscript for an image, specify image type @code{postscript}. |
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3767 This works only if you have Ghostscript installed. You must always use |
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3768 these three properties: |
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|
3769 |
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3770 @table @code |
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3771 @item :pt-width @var{width} |
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3772 The value, @var{width}, specifies the width of the image measured in |
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3773 points (1/72 inch). @var{width} must be an integer. |
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3774 |
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3775 @item :pt-height @var{height} |
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|
3776 The value, @var{height}, specifies the height of the image in points |
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3777 (1/72 inch). @var{height} must be an integer. |
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3778 |
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3779 @item :bounding-box @var{box} |
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3780 The value, @var{box}, must be a list or vector of four integers, which |
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|
3781 specifying the bounding box of the Postscript image, analogous to the |
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|
3782 @samp{BoundingBox} comment found in Postscript files. |
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3783 |
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|
3784 @example |
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3785 %%BoundingBox: 22 171 567 738 |
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3786 @end example |
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3787 @end table |
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3788 |
27093
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3789 Displaying Postscript images from Lisp data is not currently |
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3790 implemented, but it may be implemented by the time you read this. |
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3791 See the @file{etc/NEWS} file to make sure. |
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3792 |
25751
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|
3793 @node Other Image Types |
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3794 @subsection Other Image Types |
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3795 @cindex PBM |
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3796 |
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|
3797 For PBM images, specify image type @code{pbm}. Color, gray-scale and |
32552
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(Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
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parents:
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|
3798 monochromatic images are supported. For mono PBM images, two additional |
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(Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
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|
3799 image properties are supported. |
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3800 |
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|
3801 @table @code |
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3802 @item :foreground @var{foreground} |
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3803 The value, @var{foreground}, should be a string specifying the image |
37949
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
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parents:
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3804 foreground color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
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|
3805 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 1. The default is the frame's |
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Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
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|
3806 foreground color. |
32552
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|
3807 |
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|
3808 @item :background @var{background} |
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|
3809 The value, @var{background}, should be a string specifying the image |
37949
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Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
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|
3810 background color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
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parents:
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|
3811 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 0. The default is the frame's |
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
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parents:
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|
3812 background color. |
32552
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|
3813 @end table |
25751
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3814 |
27093
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3815 For JPEG images, specify image type @code{jpeg}. |
25751
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|
3816 |
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|
3817 For TIFF images, specify image type @code{tiff}. |
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|
3818 |
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3819 For PNG images, specify image type @code{png}. |
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|
3820 |
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3821 @node Defining Images |
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3822 @subsection Defining Images |
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3823 |
31373
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|
3824 The functions @code{create-image}, @code{defimage} and |
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|
3825 @code{find-image} provide convenient ways to create image descriptors. |
25751
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3826 |
59574
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(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
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|
3827 @defun create-image file-or-data &optional type data-p &rest props |
25751
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|
3828 @tindex create-image |
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|
3829 This function creates and returns an image descriptor which uses the |
59574
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(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
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parents:
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|
3830 data in @var{file-or-data}. @var{file-or-data} can be a file name or |
9ce057395159
(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
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|
3831 a string containing the image data; @var{data-p} should be @code{nil} |
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(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
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|
3832 for the former case, non-@code{nil} for the latter case. |
25751
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|
3833 |
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|
3834 The optional argument @var{type} is a symbol specifying the image type. |
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|
3835 If @var{type} is omitted or @code{nil}, @code{create-image} tries to |
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|
3836 determine the image type from the file's first few bytes, or else |
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|
3837 from the file's name. |
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|
3838 |
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|
3839 The remaining arguments, @var{props}, specify additional image |
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|
3840 properties---for example, |
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|
3841 |
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|
3842 @example |
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|
3843 (create-image "foo.xpm" 'xpm nil :heuristic-mask t) |
25751
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|
3844 @end example |
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|
3845 |
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|
3846 The function returns @code{nil} if images of this type are not |
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|
3847 supported. Otherwise it returns an image descriptor. |
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|
3848 @end defun |
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|
3849 |
41058
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(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3850 @defmac defimage symbol specs &optional doc |
25751
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|
3851 @tindex defimage |
41058
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|
3852 This macro defines @var{symbol} as an image name. The arguments |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
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changeset
|
3853 @var{specs} is a list which specifies how to display the image. |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
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|
3854 The third argument, @var{doc}, is an optional documentation string. |
25751
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|
3855 |
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|
3856 Each argument in @var{specs} has the form of a property list, and each |
41058
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changeset
|
3857 one should specify at least the @code{:type} property and either the |
3532d3226828
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|
3858 @code{:file} or the @code{:data} property. The value of @code{:type} |
3532d3226828
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|
3859 should be a symbol specifying the image type, the value of |
3532d3226828
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3860 @code{:file} is the file to load the image from, and the value of |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3861 @code{:data} is a string containing the actual image data. Here is an |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
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changeset
|
3862 example: |
25751
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|
3863 |
25875 | 3864 @example |
3865 (defimage test-image | |
46338
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defimage does not evaluate SPECS.
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|
3866 ((:type xpm :file "~/test1.xpm") |
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defimage does not evaluate SPECS.
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|
3867 (:type xbm :file "~/test1.xbm"))) |
25875 | 3868 @end example |
25751
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|
3869 |
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|
3870 @code{defimage} tests each argument, one by one, to see if it is |
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|
3871 usable---that is, if the type is supported and the file exists. The |
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|
3872 first usable argument is used to make an image descriptor which is |
41058
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
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|
3873 stored in @var{symbol}. |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
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|
3874 |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
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changeset
|
3875 If none of the alternatives will work, then @var{symbol} is defined |
25751
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|
3876 as @code{nil}. |
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|
3877 @end defmac |
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|
3878 |
31373
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|
3879 @defun find-image specs |
a3fd71daf442
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changeset
|
3880 @tindex find-image |
a3fd71daf442
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diff
changeset
|
3881 This function provides a convenient way to find an image satisfying one |
a3fd71daf442
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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29471
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|
3882 of a list of image specifications @var{specs}. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
3883 |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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29471
diff
changeset
|
3884 Each specification in @var{specs} is a property list with contents |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3885 depending on image type. All specifications must at least contain the |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3886 properties @code{:type @var{type}} and either @w{@code{:file @var{file}}} |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3887 or @w{@code{:data @var{DATA}}}, where @var{type} is a symbol specifying |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3888 the image type, e.g.@: @code{xbm}, @var{file} is the file to load the |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3889 image from, and @var{data} is a string containing the actual image data. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3890 The first specification in the list whose @var{type} is supported, and |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3891 @var{file} exists, is used to construct the image specification to be |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3892 returned. If no specification is satisfied, @code{nil} is returned. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3893 |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3894 The image is looked for first on @code{load-path} and then in |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3895 @code{data-directory}. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3896 @end defun |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3897 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3898 @node Showing Images |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3899 @subsection Showing Images |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3900 |
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3901 You can use an image descriptor by setting up the @code{display} |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3902 property yourself, but it is easier to use the functions in this |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3903 section. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3904 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3905 @defun insert-image image &optional string area slice |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3906 This function inserts @var{image} in the current buffer at point. The |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3907 value @var{image} should be an image descriptor; it could be a value |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3908 returned by @code{create-image}, or the value of a symbol defined with |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3909 @code{defimage}. The argument @var{string} specifies the text to put |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3910 in the buffer to hold the image. If it is omitted or @code{nil}, |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3911 @code{insert-image} uses @code{" "} by default. |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3912 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3913 The argument @var{area} specifies whether to put the image in a margin. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3914 If it is @code{left-margin}, the image appears in the left margin; |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3915 @code{right-margin} specifies the right margin. If @var{area} is |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3916 @code{nil} or omitted, the image is displayed at point within the |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3917 buffer's text. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3918 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3919 The argument @var{slice} specifies a slice of the image to insert. If |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3920 @var{slice} is @code{nil} or omitted the whole image is inserted. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3921 Otherwise, @var{slice} is a list @code{(@var{x} @var{y} @var{width} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3922 @var{height})} which specifies the @var{x} and @var{y} positions and |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3923 @var{width} and @var{height} of the image area to insert. Integer |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3924 values are in units of pixels. A floating point number in the range |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3925 0.0--1.0 stands for that fraction of the width or height of the entire |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3926 image. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3927 |
25875 | 3928 Internally, this function inserts @var{string} in the buffer, and gives |
3929 it a @code{display} property which specifies @var{image}. @xref{Display | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3930 Property}. |
467b88fab665
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3931 @end defun |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3932 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3933 @defun insert-sliced-image image &optional string area rows cols |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3934 This function inserts @var{image} in the current buffer at point, like |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3935 @code{insert-image}, but splits the image into @var{rows}x@var{cols} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3936 equally sized slices. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3937 @end defun |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3938 |
29471 | 3939 @defun put-image image pos &optional string area |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3940 This function puts image @var{image} in front of @var{pos} in the |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3941 current buffer. The argument @var{pos} should be an integer or a |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3942 marker. It specifies the buffer position where the image should appear. |
29471 | 3943 The argument @var{string} specifies the text that should hold the image |
3944 as an alternative to the default. | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3945 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3946 The argument @var{image} must be an image descriptor, perhaps returned |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3947 by @code{create-image} or stored by @code{defimage}. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3948 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3949 The argument @var{area} specifies whether to put the image in a margin. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3950 If it is @code{left-margin}, the image appears in the left margin; |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3951 @code{right-margin} specifies the right margin. If @var{area} is |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3952 @code{nil} or omitted, the image is displayed at point within the |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3953 buffer's text. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3954 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3955 Internally, this function creates an overlay, and gives it a |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3956 @code{before-string} property containing text that has a @code{display} |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3957 property whose value is the image. (Whew!) |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3958 @end defun |
467b88fab665
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3959 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3960 @defun remove-images start end &optional buffer |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3961 This function removes images in @var{buffer} between positions |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3962 @var{start} and @var{end}. If @var{buffer} is omitted or @code{nil}, |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3963 images are removed from the current buffer. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3964 |
27331
be0a552c8320
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27193
diff
changeset
|
3965 This removes only images that were put into @var{buffer} the way |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3966 @code{put-image} does it, not images that were inserted with |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3967 @code{insert-image} or in other ways. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3968 @end defun |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3969 |
31373
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3970 @defun image-size spec &optional pixels frame |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3971 @tindex image-size |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3972 This function returns the size of an image as a pair |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3973 @w{@code{(@var{width} . @var{height})}}. @var{spec} is an image |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
3974 specification. @var{pixels} non-@code{nil} means return sizes |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
3975 measured in pixels, otherwise return sizes measured in canonical |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
3976 character units (fractions of the width/height of the frame's default |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
3977 font). @var{frame} is the frame on which the image will be displayed. |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
3978 @var{frame} null or omitted means use the selected frame (@pxref{Input |
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
3979 Focus}). |
31373
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3980 @end defun |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
3981 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3982 @node Image Cache |
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3983 @subsection Image Cache |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3984 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3985 Emacs stores images in an image cache when it displays them, so it can |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3986 display them again more efficiently. It removes an image from the cache |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3987 when it hasn't been displayed for a specified period of time. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3988 |
28770 | 3989 When an image is looked up in the cache, its specification is compared |
3990 with cached image specifications using @code{equal}. This means that | |
3991 all images with equal specifications share the same image in the cache. | |
3992 | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3993 @defvar image-cache-eviction-delay |
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3994 @tindex image-cache-eviction-delay |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3995 This variable specifies the number of seconds an image can remain in the |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3996 cache without being displayed. When an image is not displayed for this |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3997 length of time, Emacs removes it from the image cache. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3998 |
467b88fab665
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3999 If the value is @code{nil}, Emacs does not remove images from the cache |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4000 except when you explicitly clear it. This mode can be useful for |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4001 debugging. |
467b88fab665
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4002 @end defvar |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4003 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4004 @defun clear-image-cache &optional frame |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4005 @tindex clear-image-cache |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4006 This function clears the image cache. If @var{frame} is non-@code{nil}, |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4007 only the cache for that frame is cleared. Otherwise all frames' caches |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4008 are cleared. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4009 @end defun |
27447
ef387684dc33
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
27374
diff
changeset
|
4010 |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4011 @node Buttons |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4012 @section Buttons |
53468
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4013 @cindex buttons |
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4014 @cindex buttons in buffers |
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4015 @cindex clickable buttons in buffers |
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4016 |
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4017 The @emph{button} package defines functions for inserting and |
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4018 manipulating clickable (with the mouse, or via keyboard commands) |
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4019 buttons in Emacs buffers, such as might be used for help hyper-links, |
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4020 etc. Emacs uses buttons for the hyper-links in help text and the like. |
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4021 |
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4022 A button is essentially a set of properties attached (via text |
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4023 properties or overlays) to a region of text in an Emacs buffer. These |
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4024 properties are called @dfn{button properties}. |
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4025 |
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4026 One of the these properties (@code{action}) is a function, which will |
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4027 be called when the user invokes it using the keyboard or the mouse. |
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4028 The invoked function may then examine the button and use its other |
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4029 properties as desired. |
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4030 |
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4031 In some ways the Emacs button package duplicates functionality offered |
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4032 by the widget package (@pxref{Top, , Introduction, widget, The Emacs |
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4033 Widget Library}), but the button package has the advantage that it is |
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4034 much faster, much smaller, and much simpler to use (for elisp |
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4035 programmers---for users, the result is about the same). The extra |
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4036 speed and space savings are useful mainly if you need to create many |
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4037 buttons in a buffer (for instance an @code{*Apropos*} buffer uses |
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4038 buttons to make entries clickable, and may contain many thousands of |
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4039 entries). |
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4040 |
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4041 @menu |
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4042 * Button Properties:: Button properties with special meanings. |
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4043 * Button Types:: Defining common properties for classes of buttons. |
55246 | 4044 * Making Buttons:: Adding buttons to Emacs buffers. |
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4045 * Manipulating Buttons:: Getting and setting properties of buttons. |
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4046 * Button Buffer Commands:: Buffer-wide commands and bindings for buttons. |
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4047 @end menu |
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4048 |
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4049 @node Button Properties |
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4050 @subsection Button Properties |
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4051 @cindex button properties |
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4052 |
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4053 Buttons have an associated list of properties defining their |
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4054 appearance and behavior, and other arbitrary properties may be used |
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4055 for application specific purposes. Some properties that have special |
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4056 meaning to the button package include: |
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4057 |
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4058 @table @code |
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4059 @item action |
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4060 @kindex action @r{(button property)} |
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4061 The function to call when the user invokes the button, which is passed |
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4062 the single argument @var{button}. By default this is @code{ignore}, |
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4063 which does nothing. |
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4064 |
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4065 @item mouse-action |
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4066 @kindex mouse-action @r{(button property)} |
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4067 This is similar to @code{action}, and when present, will be used |
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4068 instead of @code{action} for button invocations resulting from |
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4069 mouse-clicks (instead of the user hitting @key{RET}). If not |
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4070 present, mouse-clicks use @code{action} instead. |
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4071 |
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4072 @item face |
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4073 @kindex face @r{(button property)} |
55246 | 4074 This is an Emacs face controlling how buttons of this type are |
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4075 displayed; by default this is the @code{button} face. |
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4076 |
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4077 @item mouse-face |
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4078 @kindex mouse-face @r{(button property)} |
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4079 This is an additional face which controls appearance during |
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4080 mouse-overs (merged with the usual button face); by default this is |
55246 | 4081 the usual Emacs @code{highlight} face. |
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4082 |
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4083 @item keymap |
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4084 @kindex keymap @r{(button property)} |
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4085 The button's keymap, defining bindings active within the button |
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4086 region. By default this is the usual button region keymap, stored |
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4087 in the variable @code{button-map}, which defines @key{RET} and |
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4088 @key{mouse-2} to invoke the button. |
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4089 |
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4090 @item type |
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4091 @kindex type @r{(button property)} |
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4092 The button-type of the button. When creating a button, this is |
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4093 usually specified using the @code{:type} keyword argument. |
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4094 @xref{Button Types}. |
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4095 |
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4096 @item help-echo |
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4097 @kindex help-index @r{(button property)} |
55246 | 4098 A string displayed by the Emacs tool-tip help system; by default, |
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4099 @code{"mouse-2, RET: Push this button"}. |
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4100 |
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4101 @item follow-link |
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4102 @kindex follow-link @r{(button property)} |
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4103 The follow-link property, defining how a @key{Mouse-1} click behaves |
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4104 on this button, @xref{Links and Mouse-1}. |
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4105 |
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4106 @item button |
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4107 @kindex button @r{(button property)} |
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4108 All buttons have a non-@code{nil} @code{button} property, which may be useful |
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4109 in finding regions of text that comprise buttons (which is what the |
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4110 standard button functions do). |
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4111 @end table |
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4112 |
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4113 There are other properties defined for the regions of text in a |
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4114 button, but these are not generally interesting for typical uses. |
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4115 |
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4116 @node Button Types |
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4117 @subsection Button Types |
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4118 @cindex button types |
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4119 |
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4120 Every button has a button @emph{type}, which defines default values |
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4121 for the button's properties. Button types are arranged in a |
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4122 hierarchy, with specialized types inheriting from more general types, |
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4123 so that it's easy to define special-purpose types of buttons for |
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4124 specific tasks. |
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4125 |
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4126 @defun define-button-type name &rest properties |
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4127 @tindex define-button-type |
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4128 Define a `button type' called @var{name}. The remaining arguments |
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4129 form a sequence of @var{property value} pairs, specifying default |
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4130 property values for buttons with this type (a button's type may be set |
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4131 by giving it a @code{type} property when creating the button, using |
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4132 the @code{:type} keyword argument). |
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4133 |
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4134 In addition, the keyword argument @code{:supertype} may be used to |
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4135 specify a button-type from which @var{name} inherits its default |
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4136 property values. Note that this inheritance happens only when |
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4137 @var{name} is defined; subsequent changes to a supertype are not |
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4138 reflected in its subtypes. |
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4139 @end defun |
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4140 |
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4141 Using @code{define-button-type} to define default properties for |
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4142 buttons is not necessary---buttons without any specified type use the |
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4143 built-in button-type @code{button}---but it is encouraged, since |
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4144 doing so usually makes the resulting code clearer and more efficient. |
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4145 |
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4146 @node Making Buttons |
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4147 @subsection Making Buttons |
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4148 @cindex making buttons |
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4149 |
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4150 Buttons are associated with a region of text, using an overlay or |
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4151 text properties to hold button-specific information, all of which are |
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4152 initialized from the button's type (which defaults to the built-in |
55246 | 4153 button type @code{button}). Like all Emacs text, the appearance of |
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4154 the button is governed by the @code{face} property; by default (via |
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4155 the @code{face} property inherited from the @code{button} button-type) |
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4156 this is a simple underline, like a typical web-page link. |
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4157 |
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4158 For convenience, there are two sorts of button-creation functions, |
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4159 those that add button properties to an existing region of a buffer, |
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4160 called @code{make-...button}, and those also insert the button text, |
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4161 called @code{insert-...button}. |
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4162 |
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4163 The button-creation functions all take the @code{&rest} argument |
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4164 @var{properties}, which should be a sequence of @var{property value} |
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4165 pairs, specifying properties to add to the button; see @ref{Button |
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4166 Properties}. In addition, the keyword argument @code{:type} may be |
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4167 used to specify a button-type from which to inherit other properties; |
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4168 see @ref{Button Types}. Any properties not explicitly specified |
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4169 during creation will be inherited from the button's type (if the type |
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4170 defines such a property). |
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4171 |
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4172 The following functions add a button using an overlay |
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4173 (@pxref{Overlays}) to hold the button properties: |
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4174 |
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4175 @defun make-button beg end &rest properties |
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4176 @tindex make-button |
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4177 This makes a button from @var{beg} to @var{end} in the |
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4178 current buffer, and returns it. |
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4179 @end defun |
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4180 |
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4181 @defun insert-button label &rest properties |
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4182 @tindex insert-button |
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4183 This insert a button with the label @var{label} at point, |
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4184 and returns it. |
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4185 @end defun |
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4186 |
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4187 The following functions are similar, but use Emacs text properties |
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4188 (@pxref{Text Properties}) to hold the button properties, making the |
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4189 button actually part of the text instead of being a property of the |
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4190 buffer. Buttons using text properties do not create markers into the |
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4191 buffer, which is important for speed when you use extremely large |
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4192 numbers of buttons. Both functions return the position of the start |
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4193 of the new button: |
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4194 |
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4195 @defun make-text-button beg end &rest properties |
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4196 @tindex make-text-button |
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4197 This makes a button from @var{beg} to @var{end} in the current buffer, using |
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4198 text properties. |
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4199 @end defun |
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4200 |
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4201 @defun insert-text-button label &rest properties |
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4202 @tindex insert-text-button |
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4203 This inserts a button with the label @var{label} at point, using text |
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4204 properties. |
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4205 @end defun |
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4206 |
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4207 @node Manipulating Buttons |
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4208 @subsection Manipulating Buttons |
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4209 @cindex manipulating buttons |
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4210 |
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4211 These are functions for getting and setting properties of buttons. |
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4212 Often these are used by a button's invocation function to determine |
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4213 what to do. |
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4214 |
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|
4215 Where a @var{button} parameter is specified, it means an object |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4216 referring to a specific button, either an overlay (for overlay |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4217 buttons), or a buffer-position or marker (for text property buttons). |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4218 Such an object is passed as the first argument to a button's |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4219 invocation function when it is invoked. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4220 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4221 @defun button-start button |
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|
4222 @tindex button-start |
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4223 Return the position at which @var{button} starts. |
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4224 @end defun |
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|
4225 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4226 @defun button-end button |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4227 @tindex button-end |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4228 Return the position at which @var{button} ends. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4229 @end defun |
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4230 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4231 @defun button-get button prop |
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4232 @tindex button-get |
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4233 Get the property of button @var{button} named @var{prop}. |
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4234 @end defun |
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4235 |
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4236 @defun button-put button prop val |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4237 @tindex button-put |
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4238 Set @var{button}'s @var{prop} property to @var{val}. |
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4239 @end defun |
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4240 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4241 @defun button-activate button &optional use-mouse-action |
a18219fcd84d
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4242 @tindex button-activate |
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4243 Call @var{button}'s @code{action} property (i.e., invoke it). If |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4244 @var{use-mouse-action} is non-@code{nil}, try to invoke the button's |
53468
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4245 @code{mouse-action} property instead of @code{action}; if the button |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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4246 has no @code{mouse-action} property, use @code{action} as normal. |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4247 @end defun |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4248 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4249 @defun button-label button |
a18219fcd84d
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4250 @tindex button-label |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4251 Return @var{button}'s text label. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4252 @end defun |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4253 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4254 @defun button-type button |
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4255 @tindex button-type |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4256 Return @var{button}'s button-type. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4257 @end defun |
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|
4258 |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4259 @defun button-has-type-p button type |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4260 @tindex button-has-type-p |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4261 Return @code{t} if @var{button} has button-type @var{type}, or one of |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4262 @var{type}'s subtypes. |
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4263 @end defun |
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|
4264 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4265 @defun button-at pos |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4266 @tindex button-at |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4267 Return the button at position @var{pos} in the current buffer, or @code{nil}. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4268 @end defun |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4269 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
4270 @defun button-type-put type prop val |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4271 @tindex button-type-put |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
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|
4272 Set the button-type @var{type}'s @var{prop} property to @var{val}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4273 @end defun |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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diff
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|
4274 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4275 @defun button-type-get type prop |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4276 @tindex button-type-get |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4277 Get the property of button-type @var{type} named @var{prop}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
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|
4278 @end defun |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4279 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4280 @defun button-type-subtype-p type supertype |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4281 @tindex button-type-subtype-p |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4282 Return @code{t} if button-type @var{type} is a subtype of @var{supertype}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
4283 @end defun |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
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|
4284 |
53467
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|
4285 @node Button Buffer Commands |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4286 @subsection Button Buffer Commands |
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|
4287 @cindex button buffer commands |
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|
4288 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4289 These are commands and functions for locating and operating on |
55246 | 4290 buttons in an Emacs buffer. |
53467
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|
4291 |
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|
4292 @code{push-button} is the command that a user uses to actually `push' |
59505
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parents:
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diff
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|
4293 a button, and is bound by default in the button itself to @key{RET} |
53829
83980e864dd7
(Button Properties, Button Buffer Commands): mouse-2 invokes button,
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parents:
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diff
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|
4294 and to @key{mouse-2} using a region-specific keymap. Commands |
53467
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|
4295 that are useful outside the buttons itself, such as |
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4296 @code{forward-button} and @code{backward-button} are additionally |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4297 available in the keymap stored in @code{button-buffer-map}; a mode |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4298 which uses buttons may want to use @code{button-buffer-map} as a |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4299 parent keymap for its keymap. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4300 |
59505
19b4e3d63aed
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Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59493
diff
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|
4301 If the button has a non-@code{nil} @code{follow-link} property, and |
60503
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4302 @var{mouse-1-click-follows-link} is set, a quick @key{Mouse-1} click |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
4303 will also activate the @code{push-button} command. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
4304 @xref{Links and Mouse-1}. |
59505
19b4e3d63aed
(Button Properties, Button Buffer Commands):
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parents:
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diff
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|
4305 |
53467
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|
4306 @deffn Command push-button &optional pos use-mouse-action |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4307 @tindex push-button |
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|
4308 Perform the action specified by a button at location @var{pos}. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4309 @var{pos} may be either a buffer position or a mouse-event. If |
53468
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|
4310 @var{use-mouse-action} is non-@code{nil}, or @var{pos} is a |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4311 mouse-event (@pxref{Mouse Events}), try to invoke the button's |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4312 @code{mouse-action} property instead of @code{action}; if the button |
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4313 has no @code{mouse-action} property, use @code{action} as normal. |
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4314 @var{pos} defaults to point, except when @code{push-button} is invoked |
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4315 interactively as the result of a mouse-event, in which case, the mouse |
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4316 event's position is used. If there's no button at @var{pos}, do |
53467
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4317 nothing and return @code{nil}, otherwise return @code{t}. |
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4318 @end deffn |
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4319 |
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4320 @deffn Command forward-button n &optional wrap display-message |
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4321 @tindex forward-button |
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4322 Move to the @var{n}th next button, or @var{n}th previous button if |
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4323 @var{n} is negative. If @var{n} is zero, move to the start of any |
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4324 button at point. If @var{wrap} is non-@code{nil}, moving past either |
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4325 end of the buffer continues from the other end. If |
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4326 @var{display-message} is non-@code{nil}, the button's help-echo string |
53468
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4327 is displayed. Any button with a non-@code{nil} @code{skip} property |
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4328 is skipped over. Returns the button found. |
53467
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4329 @end deffn |
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4330 |
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4331 @deffn Command backward-button n &optional wrap display-message |
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4332 @tindex backward-button |
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4333 Move to the @var{n}th previous button, or @var{n}th next button if |
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4334 @var{n} is negative. If @var{n} is zero, move to the start of any |
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4335 button at point. If @var{wrap} is non-@code{nil}, moving past either |
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4336 end of the buffer continues from the other end. If |
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4337 @var{display-message} is non-@code{nil}, the button's help-echo string |
53468
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4338 is displayed. Any button with a non-@code{nil} @code{skip} property |
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4339 is skipped over. Returns the button found. |
53467
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4340 @end deffn |
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4341 |
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4342 @defun next-button pos &optional count-current |
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4343 @tindex next-button |
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4344 Return the next button after position @var{pos} in the current buffer. |
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4345 If @var{count-current} is non-@code{nil}, count any button at |
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4346 @var{pos} in the search, instead of starting at the next button. |
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4347 @end defun |
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4348 |
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4349 @defun previous-button pos &optional count-current |
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4350 @tindex previous-button |
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4351 Return the @var{n}th button before position @var{pos} in the current |
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4352 buffer. If @var{count-current} is non-@code{nil}, count any button at |
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4353 @var{pos} in the search, instead of starting at the next button. |
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4354 @end defun |
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4355 |
6598 | 4356 @node Blinking |
4357 @section Blinking Parentheses | |
4358 @cindex parenthesis matching | |
4359 @cindex blinking | |
4360 @cindex balancing parentheses | |
4361 @cindex close parenthesis | |
4362 | |
4363 This section describes the mechanism by which Emacs shows a matching | |
4364 open parenthesis when the user inserts a close parenthesis. | |
4365 | |
4366 @defvar blink-paren-function | |
4367 The value of this variable should be a function (of no arguments) to | |
4368 be called whenever a character with close parenthesis syntax is inserted. | |
4369 The value of @code{blink-paren-function} may be @code{nil}, in which | |
4370 case nothing is done. | |
4371 @end defvar | |
4372 | |
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4373 @defopt blink-matching-paren |
6598 | 4374 If this variable is @code{nil}, then @code{blink-matching-open} does |
4375 nothing. | |
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4376 @end defopt |
6598 | 4377 |
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4378 @defopt blink-matching-paren-distance |
6598 | 4379 This variable specifies the maximum distance to scan for a matching |
4380 parenthesis before giving up. | |
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4381 @end defopt |
6598 | 4382 |
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4383 @defopt blink-matching-delay |
12098 | 4384 This variable specifies the number of seconds for the cursor to remain |
4385 at the matching parenthesis. A fraction of a second often gives | |
4386 good results, but the default is 1, which works on all systems. | |
22252
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4387 @end defopt |
12098 | 4388 |
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4389 @deffn Command blink-matching-open |
6598 | 4390 This function is the default value of @code{blink-paren-function}. It |
4391 assumes that point follows a character with close parenthesis syntax and | |
4392 moves the cursor momentarily to the matching opening character. If that | |
4393 character is not already on the screen, it displays the character's | |
4394 context in the echo area. To avoid long delays, this function does not | |
4395 search farther than @code{blink-matching-paren-distance} characters. | |
4396 | |
4397 Here is an example of calling this function explicitly. | |
4398 | |
4399 @smallexample | |
4400 @group | |
4401 (defun interactive-blink-matching-open () | |
4402 @c Do not break this line! -- rms. | |
4403 @c The first line of a doc string | |
4404 @c must stand alone. | |
4405 "Indicate momentarily the start of sexp before point." | |
4406 (interactive) | |
4407 @end group | |
4408 @group | |
4409 (let ((blink-matching-paren-distance | |
4410 (buffer-size)) | |
4411 (blink-matching-paren t)) | |
4412 (blink-matching-open))) | |
4413 @end group | |
4414 @end smallexample | |
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4415 @end deffn |
6598 | 4416 |
4417 @node Inverse Video | |
4418 @section Inverse Video | |
4419 @cindex Inverse Video | |
4420 | |
4421 @defopt inverse-video | |
4422 @cindex highlighting | |
4423 This variable controls whether Emacs uses inverse video for all text | |
4424 on the screen. Non-@code{nil} means yes, @code{nil} means no. The | |
4425 default is @code{nil}. | |
4426 @end defopt | |
4427 | |
4428 @defopt mode-line-inverse-video | |
60503
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4429 This variable controls the use of inverse video for mode lines and |
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4430 menu bars. If it is non-@code{nil}, then these lines are displayed in |
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4431 the face @code{mode-line}. Otherwise, these lines are displayed |
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4432 normally, just like other text. The default is @code{t}. |
6598 | 4433 @end defopt |
4434 | |
4435 @node Usual Display | |
4436 @section Usual Display Conventions | |
4437 | |
4438 The usual display conventions define how to display each character | |
4439 code. You can override these conventions by setting up a display table | |
4440 (@pxref{Display Tables}). Here are the usual display conventions: | |
4441 | |
4442 @itemize @bullet | |
4443 @item | |
4444 Character codes 32 through 126 map to glyph codes 32 through 126. | |
4445 Normally this means they display as themselves. | |
4446 | |
4447 @item | |
4448 Character code 9 is a horizontal tab. It displays as whitespace | |
4449 up to a position determined by @code{tab-width}. | |
4450 | |
4451 @item | |
4452 Character code 10 is a newline. | |
4453 | |
4454 @item | |
4455 All other codes in the range 0 through 31, and code 127, display in one | |
9009 | 4456 of two ways according to the value of @code{ctl-arrow}. If it is |
6598 | 4457 non-@code{nil}, these codes map to sequences of two glyphs, where the |
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4458 first glyph is the @acronym{ASCII} code for @samp{^}. (A display table can |
6598 | 4459 specify a glyph to use instead of @samp{^}.) Otherwise, these codes map |
4460 just like the codes in the range 128 to 255. | |
4461 | |
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4462 On MS-DOS terminals, Emacs arranges by default for the character code |
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4463 127 to be mapped to the glyph code 127, which normally displays as an |
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4464 empty polygon. This glyph is used to display non-@acronym{ASCII} characters |
25751
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4465 that the MS-DOS terminal doesn't support. @xref{MS-DOS and MULE,,, |
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4466 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}. |
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4467 |
6598 | 4468 @item |
4469 Character codes 128 through 255 map to sequences of four glyphs, where | |
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4470 the first glyph is the @acronym{ASCII} code for @samp{\}, and the others are |
22138
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4471 digit characters representing the character code in octal. (A display |
21682
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4472 table can specify a glyph to use instead of @samp{\}.) |
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4473 |
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4474 @item |
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4475 Multibyte character codes above 256 are displayed as themselves, or as a |
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4476 question mark or empty box if the terminal cannot display that |
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4477 character. |
6598 | 4478 @end itemize |
4479 | |
4480 The usual display conventions apply even when there is a display | |
4481 table, for any character whose entry in the active display table is | |
4482 @code{nil}. Thus, when you set up a display table, you need only | |
21682
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4483 specify the characters for which you want special behavior. |
6598 | 4484 |
24951
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4485 These display rules apply to carriage return (character code 13), when |
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4486 it appears in the buffer. But that character may not appear in the |
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4487 buffer where you expect it, if it was eliminated as part of end-of-line |
25454 | 4488 conversion (@pxref{Coding System Basics}). |
24951
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4489 |
6598 | 4490 These variables affect the way certain characters are displayed on the |
4491 screen. Since they change the number of columns the characters occupy, | |
21007
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4492 they also affect the indentation functions. These variables also affect |
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4493 how the mode line is displayed; if you want to force redisplay of the |
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4494 mode line using the new values, call the function |
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4495 @code{force-mode-line-update} (@pxref{Mode Line Format}). |
6598 | 4496 |
4497 @defopt ctl-arrow | |
4498 @cindex control characters in display | |
4499 This buffer-local variable controls how control characters are | |
4500 displayed. If it is non-@code{nil}, they are displayed as a caret | |
4501 followed by the character: @samp{^A}. If it is @code{nil}, they are | |
4502 displayed as a backslash followed by three octal digits: @samp{\001}. | |
4503 @end defopt | |
4504 | |
4505 @c Following may have overfull hbox. | |
4506 @defvar default-ctl-arrow | |
4507 The value of this variable is the default value for @code{ctl-arrow} in | |
4508 buffers that do not override it. @xref{Default Value}. | |
4509 @end defvar | |
4510 | |
58496
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4511 @defopt tab-width |
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4512 The value of this variable is the spacing between tab stops used for |
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(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
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4513 displaying tab characters in Emacs buffers. The value is in units of |
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4514 columns, and the default is 8. Note that this feature is completely |
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4515 independent of the user-settable tab stops used by the command |
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4516 @code{tab-to-tab-stop}. @xref{Indent Tabs}. |
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4517 @end defopt |
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4518 |
26696
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
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|
4519 @defopt indicate-empty-lines |
ef5e7bbe6f19
Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
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|
4520 @tindex indicate-empty-lines |
42905
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4521 @cindex fringes, and empty line indication |
52141
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
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4522 When this is non-@code{nil}, Emacs displays a special glyph in the |
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4523 fringe of each empty line at the end of the buffer, on terminals that |
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|
4524 support it (window systems). @xref{Fringes}. |
26696
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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4525 @end defopt |
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4526 |
58496
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4527 @defvar indicate-buffer-boundaries |
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4528 This buffer-local variable controls how the buffer boundaries and |
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4529 window scrolling are indicated in the window fringes. |
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4530 |
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|
4531 Emacs can indicate the buffer boundaries---that is, the first and last |
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4532 line in the buffer---with angle icons when they appear on the screen. |
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4533 In addition, Emacs can display an up-arrow in the fringe to show |
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4534 that there is text above the screen, and a down-arrow to show |
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4535 there is text below the screen. |
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4536 |
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4537 There are four kinds of basic values: |
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4538 |
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|
4539 @table @asis |
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4540 @item @code{nil} |
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4541 Don't display the icons. |
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4542 @item @code{left} |
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4543 Display them in the left fringe. |
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4544 @item @code{right} |
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4545 Display them in the right fringe. |
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4546 @item @var{anything-else} |
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4547 Display the icon at the top of the window top in the left fringe, and other |
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4548 in the right fringe. |
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4549 @end table |
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|
4550 |
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4551 If value is a cons @code{(@var{angles} . @var{arrows})}, @var{angles} |
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4552 controls the angle icons, and @var{arrows} controls the arrows. Both |
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4553 @var{angles} and @var{arrows} work according to the table above. |
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4554 Thus, @code{(t . right)} places the top angle icon in the left |
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|
4555 fringe, the bottom angle icon in the right fringe, and both arrows in |
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4556 the right fringe. |
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|
4557 @end defvar |
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|
4558 |
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|
4559 @defvar default-indicate-buffer-boundaries |
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4560 The value of this variable is the default value for |
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|
4561 @code{indicate-buffer-boundaries} in buffers that do not override it. |
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4562 @end defvar |
6598 | 4563 |
4564 @node Display Tables | |
4565 @section Display Tables | |
4566 | |
4567 @cindex display table | |
21682
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4568 You can use the @dfn{display table} feature to control how all possible |
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4569 character codes display on the screen. This is useful for displaying |
52978
1a5c50faf357
Replace @sc{foo} with @acronym{FOO}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52940
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|
4570 European languages that have letters not in the @acronym{ASCII} character |
21682
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4571 set. |
6598 | 4572 |
4573 The display table maps each character code into a sequence of | |
25751
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4574 @dfn{glyphs}, each glyph being a graphic that takes up one character |
6598 | 4575 position on the screen. You can also define how to display each glyph |
4576 on your terminal, using the @dfn{glyph table}. | |
4577 | |
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4578 Display tables affect how the mode line is displayed; if you want to |
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4579 force redisplay of the mode line using a new display table, call |
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4580 @code{force-mode-line-update} (@pxref{Mode Line Format}). |
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4581 |
6598 | 4582 @menu |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4583 * Display Table Format:: What a display table consists of. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
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4584 * Active Display Table:: How Emacs selects a display table to use. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4585 * Glyphs:: How to define a glyph, and what glyphs mean. |
6598 | 4586 @end menu |
4587 | |
4588 @node Display Table Format | |
4589 @subsection Display Table Format | |
4590 | |
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4591 A display table is actually a char-table (@pxref{Char-Tables}) with |
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4592 @code{display-table} as its subtype. |
6598 | 4593 |
4594 @defun make-display-table | |
4595 This creates and returns a display table. The table initially has | |
4596 @code{nil} in all elements. | |
4597 @end defun | |
4598 | |
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4599 The ordinary elements of the display table are indexed by character |
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4600 codes; the element at index @var{c} says how to display the character |
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4601 code @var{c}. The value should be @code{nil} or a vector of glyph |
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4602 values (@pxref{Glyphs}). If an element is @code{nil}, it says to |
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4603 display that character according to the usual display conventions |
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4604 (@pxref{Usual Display}). |
12067 | 4605 |
4606 If you use the display table to change the display of newline | |
4607 characters, the whole buffer will be displayed as one long ``line.'' | |
6598 | 4608 |
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4609 The display table also has six ``extra slots'' which serve special |
21682
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4610 purposes. Here is a table of their meanings; @code{nil} in any slot |
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4611 means to use the default for that slot, as stated below. |
6598 | 4612 |
4613 @table @asis | |
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4614 @item 0 |
6598 | 4615 The glyph for the end of a truncated screen line (the default for this |
60503
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4616 is @samp{$}). @xref{Glyphs}. On graphical terminals, Emacs uses |
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|
4617 arrows in the fringes to indicate truncation, so the display table has |
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4618 no effect. |
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4619 |
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4620 @item 1 |
6598 | 4621 The glyph for the end of a continued line (the default is @samp{\}). |
60503
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4622 On graphical terminals, Emacs uses curved arrows in the fringes to |
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|
4623 indicate continuation, so the display table has no effect. |
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4624 |
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4625 @item 2 |
6598 | 4626 The glyph for indicating a character displayed as an octal character |
4627 code (the default is @samp{\}). | |
60503
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4628 |
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4629 @item 3 |
6598 | 4630 The glyph for indicating a control character (the default is @samp{^}). |
60503
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4631 |
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4632 @item 4 |
6598 | 4633 A vector of glyphs for indicating the presence of invisible lines (the |
4634 default is @samp{...}). @xref{Selective Display}. | |
60503
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4635 |
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4636 @item 5 |
8925 | 4637 The glyph used to draw the border between side-by-side windows (the |
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4638 default is @samp{|}). @xref{Splitting Windows}. This takes effect only |
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4639 when there are no scroll bars; if scroll bars are supported and in use, |
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4640 a scroll bar separates the two windows. |
6598 | 4641 @end table |
4642 | |
4643 For example, here is how to construct a display table that mimics the | |
4644 effect of setting @code{ctl-arrow} to a non-@code{nil} value: | |
4645 | |
4646 @example | |
4647 (setq disptab (make-display-table)) | |
4648 (let ((i 0)) | |
4649 (while (< i 32) | |
4650 (or (= i ?\t) (= i ?\n) | |
4651 (aset disptab i (vector ?^ (+ i 64)))) | |
4652 (setq i (1+ i))) | |
4653 (aset disptab 127 (vector ?^ ??))) | |
4654 @end example | |
4655 | |
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4656 @defun display-table-slot display-table slot |
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4657 This function returns the value of the extra slot @var{slot} of |
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4658 @var{display-table}. The argument @var{slot} may be a number from 0 to |
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4659 5 inclusive, or a slot name (symbol). Valid symbols are |
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4660 @code{truncation}, @code{wrap}, @code{escape}, @code{control}, |
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4661 @code{selective-display}, and @code{vertical-border}. |
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4662 @end defun |
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4663 |
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4664 @defun set-display-table-slot display-table slot value |
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4665 This function stores @var{value} in the extra slot @var{slot} of |
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4666 @var{display-table}. The argument @var{slot} may be a number from 0 to |
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4667 5 inclusive, or a slot name (symbol). Valid symbols are |
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4668 @code{truncation}, @code{wrap}, @code{escape}, @code{control}, |
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4669 @code{selective-display}, and @code{vertical-border}. |
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4670 @end defun |
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4671 |
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4672 @defun describe-display-table display-table |
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4673 @tindex describe-display-table |
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4674 This function displays a description of the display table |
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4675 @var{display-table} in a help buffer. |
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4676 @end defun |
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4677 |
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4678 @deffn Command describe-current-display-table |
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4679 @tindex describe-current-display-table |
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4680 This command displays a description of the current display table in a |
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4681 help buffer. |
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4682 @end deffn |
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4683 |
6598 | 4684 @node Active Display Table |
4685 @subsection Active Display Table | |
4686 @cindex active display table | |
4687 | |
4688 Each window can specify a display table, and so can each buffer. When | |
4689 a buffer @var{b} is displayed in window @var{w}, display uses the | |
4690 display table for window @var{w} if it has one; otherwise, the display | |
4691 table for buffer @var{b} if it has one; otherwise, the standard display | |
4692 table if any. The display table chosen is called the @dfn{active} | |
4693 display table. | |
4694 | |
60503
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4695 @defun window-display-table &optional window |
6598 | 4696 This function returns @var{window}'s display table, or @code{nil} |
60503
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4697 if @var{window} does not have an assigned display table. The default |
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4698 for @var{window} is the selected window. |
6598 | 4699 @end defun |
4700 | |
4701 @defun set-window-display-table window table | |
4702 This function sets the display table of @var{window} to @var{table}. | |
4703 The argument @var{table} should be either a display table or | |
4704 @code{nil}. | |
4705 @end defun | |
4706 | |
4707 @defvar buffer-display-table | |
21682
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4708 This variable is automatically buffer-local in all buffers; its value in |
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4709 a particular buffer specifies the display table for that buffer. If it |
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4710 is @code{nil}, that means the buffer does not have an assigned display |
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4711 table. |
6598 | 4712 @end defvar |
4713 | |
4714 @defvar standard-display-table | |
4715 This variable's value is the default display table, used whenever a | |
4716 window has no display table and neither does the buffer displayed in | |
4717 that window. This variable is @code{nil} by default. | |
4718 @end defvar | |
4719 | |
4720 If there is no display table to use for a particular window---that is, | |
21007
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4721 if the window specifies none, its buffer specifies none, and |
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4722 @code{standard-display-table} is @code{nil}---then Emacs uses the usual |
6598 | 4723 display conventions for all character codes in that window. @xref{Usual |
4724 Display}. | |
4725 | |
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4726 A number of functions for changing the standard display table |
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4727 are defined in the library @file{disp-table}. |
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4728 |
6598 | 4729 @node Glyphs |
4730 @subsection Glyphs | |
4731 | |
4732 @cindex glyph | |
4733 A @dfn{glyph} is a generalization of a character; it stands for an | |
4734 image that takes up a single character position on the screen. Glyphs | |
47482
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4735 are represented in Lisp as integers, just as characters are. Normally |
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4736 Emacs finds glyphs in the display table (@pxref{Display Tables}). |
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4737 |
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4738 A glyph can be @dfn{simple} or it can be defined by the @dfn{glyph |
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4739 table}. A simple glyph is just a way of specifying a character and a |
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4740 face to output it in. The glyph code for a simple glyph, mod 524288, |
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4741 is the character to output, and the glyph code divided by 524288 |
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4742 specifies the face number (@pxref{Face Functions}) to use while |
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4743 outputting it. (524288 is |
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4744 @ifnottex |
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4745 2**19.) |
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4746 @end ifnottex |
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4747 @tex |
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4748 $2^{19}$.) |
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4749 @end tex |
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4750 @xref{Faces}. |
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4751 |
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4752 On character terminals, you can set up a @dfn{glyph table} to define |
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4753 the meaning of glyph codes. The glyph codes is the value of the |
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4754 variable @code{glyph-table}. |
6598 | 4755 |
4756 @defvar glyph-table | |
4757 The value of this variable is the current glyph table. It should be a | |
49600
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4758 vector; the @var{g}th element defines glyph code @var{g}. |
47482
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4759 |
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4760 If a glyph code is greater than or equal to the length of the glyph |
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4761 table, that code is automatically simple. If the value of |
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Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
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4762 @code{glyph-table} is @code{nil} instead of a vector, then all glyphs |
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4763 are simple. The glyph table is not used on graphical displays, only |
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4764 on character terminals. On graphical displays, all glyphs are simple. |
6598 | 4765 @end defvar |
4766 | |
4767 Here are the possible types of elements in the glyph table: | |
4768 | |
22252
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4769 @table @asis |
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4770 @item @var{string} |
6598 | 4771 Send the characters in @var{string} to the terminal to output |
4772 this glyph. This alternative is available on character terminals, | |
21682
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4773 but not under a window system. |
6598 | 4774 |
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4775 @item @var{integer} |
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4776 Define this glyph code as an alias for glyph code @var{integer}. You |
47482
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4777 can use an alias to specify a face code for the glyph and use a small |
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4778 number as its code. |
6598 | 4779 |
4780 @item @code{nil} | |
47482
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4781 This glyph is simple. |
6598 | 4782 @end table |
4783 | |
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4784 @defun create-glyph string |
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4785 @tindex create-glyph |
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4786 This function returns a newly-allocated glyph code which is set up to |
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4787 display by sending @var{string} to the terminal. |
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4788 @end defun |
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4789 |
6598 | 4790 @node Beeping |
4791 @section Beeping | |
4792 @cindex beeping | |
4793 @cindex bell | |
4794 | |
21007
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4795 This section describes how to make Emacs ring the bell (or blink the |
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4796 screen) to attract the user's attention. Be conservative about how |
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4797 often you do this; frequent bells can become irritating. Also be |
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4798 careful not to use just beeping when signaling an error is more |
59493
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4799 appropriate. (@xref{Errors}.) |
6598 | 4800 |
22138
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4801 @defun ding &optional do-not-terminate |
6598 | 4802 @cindex keyboard macro termination |
4803 This function beeps, or flashes the screen (see @code{visible-bell} below). | |
4804 It also terminates any keyboard macro currently executing unless | |
22138
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4805 @var{do-not-terminate} is non-@code{nil}. |
6598 | 4806 @end defun |
4807 | |
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4808 @defun beep &optional do-not-terminate |
6598 | 4809 This is a synonym for @code{ding}. |
4810 @end defun | |
4811 | |
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4812 @defopt visible-bell |
6598 | 4813 This variable determines whether Emacs should flash the screen to |
4814 represent a bell. Non-@code{nil} means yes, @code{nil} means no. This | |
21682
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4815 is effective on a window system, and on a character-only terminal |
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4816 provided the terminal's Termcap entry defines the visible bell |
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4817 capability (@samp{vb}). |
22252
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4818 @end defopt |
6598 | 4819 |
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4820 @defvar ring-bell-function |
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4821 If this is non-@code{nil}, it specifies how Emacs should ``ring the |
25875 | 4822 bell.'' Its value should be a function of no arguments. If this is |
4823 non-@code{nil}, it takes precedence over the @code{visible-bell} | |
4824 variable. | |
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4825 @end defvar |
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4826 |
6598 | 4827 @node Window Systems |
4828 @section Window Systems | |
4829 | |
4830 Emacs works with several window systems, most notably the X Window | |
4831 System. Both Emacs and X use the term ``window'', but use it | |
4832 differently. An Emacs frame is a single window as far as X is | |
4833 concerned; the individual Emacs windows are not known to X at all. | |
4834 | |
4835 @defvar window-system | |
22252
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4836 This variable tells Lisp programs what window system Emacs is running |
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4837 under. The possible values are |
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4838 |
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4839 @table @code |
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4840 @item x |
6598 | 4841 @cindex X Window System |
22252
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4842 Emacs is displaying using X. |
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4843 @item pc |
25751
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4844 Emacs is displaying using MS-DOS. |
22252
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4845 @item w32 |
27332
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4846 Emacs is displaying using Windows. |
25751
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4847 @item mac |
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4848 Emacs is displaying using a Macintosh. |
22252
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4849 @item nil |
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4850 Emacs is using a character-based terminal. |
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4851 @end table |
6598 | 4852 @end defvar |
4853 | |
4854 @defvar window-setup-hook | |
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4855 This variable is a normal hook which Emacs runs after handling the |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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4856 initialization files. Emacs runs this hook after it has completed |
25875 | 4857 loading your init file, the default initialization file (if |
22138
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
4858 any), and the terminal-specific Lisp code, and running the hook |
6598 | 4859 @code{term-setup-hook}. |
4860 | |
4861 This hook is used for internal purposes: setting up communication with | |
4862 the window system, and creating the initial window. Users should not | |
4863 interfere with it. | |
4864 @end defvar | |
52401 | 4865 |
4866 @ignore | |
4867 arch-tag: ffdf5714-7ecf-415b-9023-fbc6b409c2c6 | |
4868 @end ignore |