Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/display.texi @ 75690:cb2393a69028
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author | Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz> |
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date | Tue, 06 Feb 2007 03:40:33 +0000 |
parents | 3d45362f1d38 |
children | ef200080db2d 95d0cdf160ea |
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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001, |
75348 | 3 @c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
25829 | 4 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
5 @node Display, Search, Registers, Top | |
6 @chapter Controlling the Display | |
7 | |
8 Since only part of a large buffer fits in the window, Emacs tries to | |
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9 show a part that is likely to be interesting. Display-control |
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10 commands allow you to specify which part of the text you want to see, |
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11 and how to display it. Many variables also affect the details of |
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12 redisplay. Unless otherwise stated, the variables described in this |
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13 chapter have their effect by customizing redisplay itself; therefore, |
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14 their values only make a difference at the time of redisplay. |
25829 | 15 |
16 @menu | |
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17 * Scrolling:: Commands to move text up and down in a window. |
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18 * Auto Scrolling:: Redisplay scrolls text automatically when needed. |
68516 | 19 * Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving text left and right in a window. |
20 * Follow Mode:: Follow mode lets two windows scroll as one. | |
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21 * Faces:: How to change the display style using faces. |
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22 * Standard Faces:: Emacs' predefined faces. |
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23 * Font Lock:: Minor mode for syntactic highlighting using faces. |
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24 * Highlight Interactively:: Tell Emacs what text to highlight. |
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25 * Fringes:: Enabling or disabling window fringes. |
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26 * Displaying Boundaries:: Displaying top and bottom of the buffer. |
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27 * Useless Whitespace:: Showing possibly-spurious trailing whitespace. |
25829 | 28 * Selective Display:: Hiding lines with lots of indentation. |
29 * Optional Mode Line:: Optional mode line display features. | |
30 * Text Display:: How text characters are normally displayed. | |
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31 * Cursor Display:: Features for displaying the cursor. |
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32 * Line Truncation:: Truncating lines to fit the screen width instead |
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33 of continuing them to multiple screen lines. |
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34 * Display Custom:: Information on variables for customizing display. |
25829 | 35 @end menu |
36 | |
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37 @node Scrolling |
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38 @section Scrolling |
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39 |
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40 If a buffer contains text that is too large to fit entirely within a |
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41 window that is displaying the buffer, Emacs shows a contiguous portion of |
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42 the text. The portion shown always contains point. |
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43 |
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44 @cindex scrolling |
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45 @dfn{Scrolling} means moving text up or down in the window so that |
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46 different parts of the text are visible. Scrolling ``forward'' or |
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47 ``up'' means that text moves up, and new text appears at the bottom. |
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48 Scrolling ``backward'' or ``down'' moves text down, and new text |
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49 appears at the top. |
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50 |
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51 Scrolling happens automatically if you move point past the bottom or |
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52 top of the window. You can also scroll explicitly with the commands |
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53 in this section. |
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54 |
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55 @table @kbd |
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56 @item C-l |
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57 Clear screen and redisplay, scrolling the selected window to center |
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58 point vertically within it (@code{recenter}). |
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59 @item C-v |
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60 Scroll forward (a windowful or a specified number of lines) (@code{scroll-up}). |
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61 @item @key{NEXT} |
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62 @itemx @key{PAGEDOWN} |
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63 Likewise, scroll forward. |
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64 @item M-v |
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65 Scroll backward (@code{scroll-down}). |
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66 @item @key{PRIOR} |
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67 @itemx @key{PAGEUP} |
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68 Likewise, scroll backward. |
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69 @item @var{arg} C-l |
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70 Scroll so point is on line @var{arg} (@code{recenter}). |
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71 @item C-M-l |
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72 Scroll heuristically to bring useful information onto the screen |
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73 (@code{reposition-window}). |
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74 @end table |
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75 |
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76 @kindex C-l |
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77 @findex recenter |
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78 The most basic scrolling command is @kbd{C-l} (@code{recenter}) with |
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79 no argument. It scrolls the selected window so that point is halfway |
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80 down from the top of the window. On a text terminal, it also clears |
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81 the screen and redisplays all windows. That is useful in case the |
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82 screen is garbled (@pxref{Screen Garbled}). |
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83 |
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84 @kindex C-v |
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85 @kindex M-v |
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86 @kindex NEXT |
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87 @kindex PRIOR |
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88 @kindex PAGEDOWN |
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89 @kindex PAGEUP |
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90 @findex scroll-up |
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91 @findex scroll-down |
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92 To read the buffer a windowful at a time, use @kbd{C-v} |
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93 (@code{scroll-up}) with no argument. This scrolls forward by nearly |
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94 the whole window height. The effect is to take the two lines at the |
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95 bottom of the window and put them at the top, followed by nearly a |
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96 whole windowful of lines that were not previously visible. If point |
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97 was in the text that scrolled off the top, it ends up at the new top |
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98 of the window. |
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99 |
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100 @vindex next-screen-context-lines |
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101 @kbd{M-v} (@code{scroll-down}) with no argument scrolls backward in |
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102 a similar way, also with overlap. The number of lines of overlap that |
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103 the @kbd{C-v} or @kbd{M-v} commands leave is controlled by the |
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104 variable @code{next-screen-context-lines}; by default, it is 2. The |
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105 function keys @key{NEXT} and @key{PRIOR}, or @key{PAGEDOWN} and |
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106 @key{PAGEUP}, are equivalent to @kbd{C-v} and @kbd{M-v}. |
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107 |
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108 The commands @kbd{C-v} and @kbd{M-v} with a numeric argument scroll |
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109 the text in the selected window up or down a few lines. @kbd{C-v} |
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110 with an argument moves the text and point up, together, that many |
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111 lines; it brings the same number of new lines into view at the bottom |
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112 of the window. @kbd{M-v} with numeric argument scrolls the text |
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113 downward, bringing that many new lines into view at the top of the |
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114 window. @kbd{C-v} with a negative argument is like @kbd{M-v} and vice |
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115 versa. |
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116 |
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117 The names of scroll commands are based on the direction that the |
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118 text moves in the window. Thus, the command to scroll forward is |
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119 called @code{scroll-up} because it moves the text upward on the |
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120 screen. The keys @key{PAGEDOWN} and @key{PAGEUP} derive their names |
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121 and customary meanings from a different convention that developed |
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122 elsewhere; hence the strange result that @key{PAGEDOWN} runs |
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123 @code{scroll-up}. |
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124 |
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125 @vindex scroll-preserve-screen-position |
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126 Some users like the full-screen scroll commands to keep point at the |
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127 same screen line. To enable this behavior, set the variable |
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128 @code{scroll-preserve-screen-position} to a non-@code{nil} value. In |
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129 this mode, when these commands would scroll the text around point off |
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130 the screen, or within @code{scroll-margin} lines of the edge, they |
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131 moves point to keep the same vertical position within the window. |
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132 This mode is convenient for browsing through a file by scrolling by |
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133 screenfuls; if you come back to the screen where you started, point |
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134 goes back to the line where it started. However, this mode is |
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135 inconvenient when you move to the next screen in order to move point |
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136 to the text there. |
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137 |
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138 Another way to do scrolling is with @kbd{C-l} with a numeric argument. |
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139 @kbd{C-l} does not clear the screen when given an argument; it only scrolls |
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140 the selected window. With a positive argument @var{n}, it repositions text |
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141 to put point @var{n} lines down from the top. An argument of zero puts |
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142 point on the very top line. Point does not move with respect to the text; |
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143 rather, the text and point move rigidly on the screen. @kbd{C-l} with a |
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144 negative argument puts point that many lines from the bottom of the window. |
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145 For example, @kbd{C-u - 1 C-l} puts point on the bottom line, and @kbd{C-u |
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146 - 5 C-l} puts it five lines from the bottom. @kbd{C-u C-l} scrolls to put |
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147 point at the center (vertically) of the selected window. |
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148 |
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149 @kindex C-M-l |
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150 @findex reposition-window |
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151 The @kbd{C-M-l} command (@code{reposition-window}) scrolls the current |
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152 window heuristically in a way designed to get useful information onto |
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153 the screen. For example, in a Lisp file, this command tries to get the |
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154 entire current defun onto the screen if possible. |
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155 |
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156 @node Auto Scrolling |
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157 @section Automatic Scrolling |
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158 |
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159 @vindex scroll-conservatively |
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160 Redisplay scrolls the buffer automatically when point moves out of |
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161 the visible portion of the text. The purpose of automatic scrolling |
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162 is to make point visible, but you can customize many aspects of how |
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163 this is done. |
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164 |
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165 Normally, automatic scrolling centers point vertically within the |
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166 window. However, if you set @code{scroll-conservatively} to a small |
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167 number @var{n}, then if you move point just a little off the |
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168 screen---less than @var{n} lines---then Emacs scrolls the text just |
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169 far enough to bring point back on screen. By default, |
73179 | 170 @code{scroll-conservatively} is@tie{}0. |
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171 |
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172 @cindex aggressive scrolling |
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173 @vindex scroll-up-aggressively |
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174 @vindex scroll-down-aggressively |
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175 When the window does scroll by a longer distance, you can control |
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176 how aggressively it scrolls, by setting the variables |
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177 @code{scroll-up-aggressively} and @code{scroll-down-aggressively}. |
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178 The value of @code{scroll-up-aggressively} should be either |
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179 @code{nil}, or a fraction @var{f} between 0 and 1. A fraction |
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180 specifies where on the screen to put point when scrolling upward. |
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181 More precisely, when a window scrolls up because point is above the |
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182 window start, the new start position is chosen to put point @var{f} |
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183 part of the window height from the top. The larger @var{f}, the more |
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184 aggressive the scrolling. |
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185 |
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186 @code{nil}, which is the default, scrolls to put point at the center. |
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187 So it is equivalent to .5. |
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188 |
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189 Likewise, @code{scroll-down-aggressively} is used for scrolling |
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190 down. The value, @var{f}, specifies how far point should be placed |
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191 from the bottom of the window; thus, as with |
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192 @code{scroll-up-aggressively}, a larger value is more aggressive. |
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193 |
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194 @vindex scroll-margin |
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195 The variable @code{scroll-margin} restricts how close point can come |
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196 to the top or bottom of a window. Its value is a number of screen |
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197 lines; if point comes within that many lines of the top or bottom of the |
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198 window, Emacs recenters the window. By default, @code{scroll-margin} is |
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199 0. |
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200 |
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201 @node Horizontal Scrolling |
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202 @section Horizontal Scrolling |
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203 @cindex horizontal scrolling |
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204 |
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205 @dfn{Horizontal scrolling} means shifting all the lines sideways |
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206 within a window---so that some of the text near the left margin is not |
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207 displayed at all. When the text in a window is scrolled horizontally, |
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208 text lines are truncated rather than continued (@pxref{Line |
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209 Truncation}). Whenever a window shows truncated lines, Emacs |
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210 automatically updates its horizontal scrolling whenever point moves |
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211 off the left or right edge of the screen. You can also use these |
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212 commands to do explicit horizontal scrolling. |
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213 |
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214 @table @kbd |
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215 @item C-x < |
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216 Scroll text in current window to the left (@code{scroll-left}). |
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217 @item C-x > |
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218 Scroll to the right (@code{scroll-right}). |
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219 @end table |
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220 |
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221 @kindex C-x < |
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222 @kindex C-x > |
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223 @findex scroll-left |
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224 @findex scroll-right |
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225 The command @kbd{C-x <} (@code{scroll-left}) scrolls the selected |
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226 window to the left by @var{n} columns with argument @var{n}. This moves |
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227 part of the beginning of each line off the left edge of the window. |
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228 With no argument, it scrolls by almost the full width of the window (two |
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229 columns less, to be precise). |
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230 |
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231 @kbd{C-x >} (@code{scroll-right}) scrolls similarly to the right. The |
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232 window cannot be scrolled any farther to the right once it is displayed |
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233 normally (with each line starting at the window's left margin); |
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234 attempting to do so has no effect. This means that you don't have to |
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235 calculate the argument precisely for @w{@kbd{C-x >}}; any sufficiently large |
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236 argument will restore the normal display. |
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237 |
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238 If you use those commands to scroll a window horizontally, that sets |
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239 a lower bound for automatic horizontal scrolling. Automatic scrolling |
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240 will continue to scroll the window, but never farther to the right |
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241 than the amount you previously set by @code{scroll-left}. |
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242 |
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243 @vindex hscroll-margin |
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244 The value of the variable @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close |
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245 to the window's edges point is allowed to get before the window will |
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246 be automatically scrolled. It is measured in columns. If the value |
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247 is 5, then moving point within 5 columns of the edge causes horizontal |
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248 scrolling away from that edge. |
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249 |
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250 @vindex hscroll-step |
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251 The variable @code{hscroll-step} determines how many columns to |
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252 scroll the window when point gets too close to the edge. If it's |
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253 zero, horizontal scrolling centers point horizontally within the |
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254 window. If it's a positive integer, it specifies the number of |
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255 columns to scroll by. If it's a floating-point number, it specifies |
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256 the fraction of the window's width to scroll by. The default is zero. |
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257 |
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258 @vindex auto-hscroll-mode |
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259 To disable automatic horizontal scrolling, set the variable |
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260 @code{auto-hscroll-mode} to @code{nil}. |
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261 |
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262 @node Follow Mode |
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263 @section Follow Mode |
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264 @cindex Follow mode |
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265 @cindex mode, Follow |
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266 @findex follow-mode |
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267 @cindex windows, synchronizing |
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268 @cindex synchronizing windows |
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269 |
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270 @dfn{Follow mode} is a minor mode that makes two windows, both |
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271 showing the same buffer, scroll as a single tall ``virtual window.'' |
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272 To use Follow mode, go to a frame with just one window, split it into |
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273 two side-by-side windows using @kbd{C-x 3}, and then type @kbd{M-x |
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274 follow-mode}. From then on, you can edit the buffer in either of the |
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275 two windows, or scroll either one; the other window follows it. |
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276 |
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277 In Follow mode, if you move point outside the portion visible in one |
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278 window and into the portion visible in the other window, that selects |
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279 the other window---again, treating the two as if they were parts of |
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280 one large window. |
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281 |
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282 To turn off Follow mode, type @kbd{M-x follow-mode} a second time. |
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283 |
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284 @node Faces |
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285 @section Using Multiple Typefaces |
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286 @cindex faces |
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287 |
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288 You can specify various styles for displaying text using |
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289 @dfn{faces}. Each face can specify various @dfn{face attributes}, |
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290 such as the font family, the height, weight and slant of the |
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291 characters, the foreground and background color, and underlining or |
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292 overlining. A face does not have to specify all of these attributes; |
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293 often it inherits most of them from another face. |
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294 |
68516 | 295 On graphical display, all the Emacs face attributes are meaningful. |
296 On a text-only terminal, only some of them work. Some text-only | |
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297 terminals support inverse video, bold, and underline attributes; some |
68516 | 298 support colors. Text-only terminals generally do not support changing |
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299 the height and width or the font family. |
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300 |
68516 | 301 Emacs uses faces automatically for highlighting, through the work of |
302 Font Lock mode. @xref{Font Lock}, for more information about Font | |
303 Lock mode and syntactic highlighting. You can print out the buffer | |
304 with the highlighting that appears on your screen using the command | |
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305 @code{ps-print-buffer-with-faces}. @xref{PostScript}. |
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306 |
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307 You control the appearance of a part of the text in the buffer by |
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308 specifying the face or faces to use for it. The style of display used |
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309 for any given character is determined by combining the attributes of |
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310 all the applicable faces specified for that character. Any attribute |
38745 | 311 that isn't specified by these faces is taken from the @code{default} face, |
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312 whose attributes reflect the default settings of the frame itself. |
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313 |
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314 Enriched mode, the mode for editing formatted text, includes several |
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315 commands and menus for specifying faces for text in the buffer. |
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316 @xref{Format Faces}, for how to specify the font for text in the |
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317 buffer. @xref{Format Colors}, for how to specify the foreground and |
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318 background color. |
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319 |
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320 @cindex face colors, setting |
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321 @findex set-face-foreground |
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322 @findex set-face-background |
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323 To alter the appearance of a face, use the customization buffer. |
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324 @xref{Face Customization}. You can also use X resources to specify |
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325 attributes of particular faces (@pxref{Resources}). Alternatively, |
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326 you can change the foreground and background colors of a specific face |
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327 with @kbd{M-x set-face-foreground} and @kbd{M-x set-face-background}. |
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328 These commands prompt in the minibuffer for a face name and a color |
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329 name, with completion, and then set that face to use the specified |
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330 color. Changing the colors of the @code{default} face also changes |
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331 the foreground and background colors on all frames, both existing and |
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332 those to be created in the future. (You can also set foreground and |
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333 background colors for the current frame only; see @ref{Frame |
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334 Parameters}.) |
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335 |
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336 Emacs can correctly display variable-width fonts, but Emacs commands |
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337 that calculate width and indentation do not know how to calculate |
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338 variable widths. This can sometimes lead to incorrect results when |
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339 you use variable-width fonts. In particular, indentation commands can |
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340 give inconsistent results, so we recommend you avoid variable-width |
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341 fonts for editing program source code. Filling will sometimes make |
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342 lines too long or too short. We plan to address these issues in |
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343 future Emacs versions. |
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344 |
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345 @node Standard Faces |
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346 @section Standard Faces |
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347 |
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348 @findex list-faces-display |
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349 To see what faces are currently defined, and what they look like, |
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350 type @kbd{M-x list-faces-display}. It's possible for a given face to |
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351 look different in different frames; this command shows the appearance |
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352 in the frame in which you type it. |
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353 |
68516 | 354 Here are the standard faces for specifying text appearance. You can |
355 apply them to specific text when you want the effects they produce. | |
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356 |
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357 @table @code |
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358 @item default |
68516 | 359 This face is used for ordinary text that doesn't specify any face. |
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360 @item bold |
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361 This face uses a bold variant of the default font, if it has one. |
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362 It's up to you to choose a default font that has a bold variant, |
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363 if you want to use one. |
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364 @item italic |
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365 This face uses an italic variant of the default font, if it has one. |
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366 @item bold-italic |
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367 This face uses a bold italic variant of the default font, if it has one. |
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368 @item underline |
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369 This face underlines text. |
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370 @item fixed-pitch |
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371 This face forces use of a particular fixed-width font. |
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372 @item variable-pitch |
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373 This face forces use of a particular variable-width font. It's |
68516 | 374 reasonable to customize this face to use a different variable-width font, |
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375 if you like, but you should not make it a fixed-width font. |
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376 @item shadow |
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377 This face is used for making the text less noticeable than the surrounding |
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378 ordinary text. Usually this can be achieved by using shades of gray in |
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379 contrast with either black or white default foreground color. |
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380 @end table |
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381 |
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382 Here's an incomplete list of faces used to highlight parts of the |
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383 text temporarily for specific purposes. (Many other modes define |
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384 their own faces for this purpose.) |
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385 |
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386 @table @code |
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387 @item highlight |
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388 This face is used for highlighting portions of text, in various modes. |
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389 For example, mouse-sensitive text is highlighted using this face. |
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390 @item isearch |
68516 | 391 This face is used for highlighting the current Isearch match. |
392 @item query-replace | |
393 This face is used for highlighting the current Query Replace match. | |
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394 @item lazy-highlight |
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395 This face is used for lazy highlighting of Isearch and Query Replace |
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396 matches other than the current one. |
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397 @item region |
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398 This face is used for displaying a selected region (when Transient Mark |
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399 mode is enabled---see below). |
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400 @item secondary-selection |
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401 This face is used for displaying a secondary X selection (@pxref{Secondary |
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402 Selection}). |
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403 @item trailing-whitespace |
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404 The face for highlighting excess spaces and tabs at the end of a line |
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405 when @code{show-trailing-whitespace} is non-@code{nil}; see |
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406 @ref{Useless Whitespace}. |
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407 @item nobreak-space |
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408 The face for displaying the character ``nobreak space.'' |
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409 @item escape-glyph |
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410 The face for highlighting the @samp{\} or @samp{^} that indicates |
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411 a control character. It's also used when @samp{\} indicates a |
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412 nobreak space or nobreak (soft) hyphen. |
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413 @end table |
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414 |
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415 @cindex @code{region} face |
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416 When Transient Mark mode is enabled, the text of the region is |
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417 highlighted when the mark is active. This uses the face named |
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418 @code{region}; you can control the style of highlighting by changing the |
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419 style of this face (@pxref{Face Customization}). @xref{Transient Mark}, |
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420 for more information about Transient Mark mode and activation and |
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421 deactivation of the mark. |
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422 |
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423 These faces control the appearance of parts of the Emacs frame. |
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424 They exist as faces to provide a consistent way to customize the |
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425 appearance of these parts of the frame. |
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426 |
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427 @table @code |
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428 @item mode-line |
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429 @itemx modeline |
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430 This face is used for the mode line of the currently selected window, |
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431 and for menu bars when toolkit menus are not used. By default, it's |
68516 | 432 drawn with shadows for a ``raised'' effect on graphical displays, and |
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433 drawn as the inverse of the default face on non-windowed terminals. |
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434 @code{modeline} is an alias for the @code{mode-line} face, for |
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435 compatibility with old Emacs versions. |
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436 @item mode-line-inactive |
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437 Like @code{mode-line}, but used for mode lines of the windows other |
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438 than the selected one (if @code{mode-line-in-non-selected-windows} is |
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439 non-@code{nil}). This face inherits from @code{mode-line}, so changes |
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440 in that face affect mode lines in all windows. |
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441 @item mode-line-highlight |
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442 Like @code{highlight}, but used for portions of text on mode lines. |
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443 @item mode-line-buffer-id |
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444 This face is used for buffer identification parts in the mode line. |
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445 @item header-line |
68516 | 446 Similar to @code{mode-line} for a window's header line, which appears |
447 at the top of a window just as the mode line appears at the bottom. | |
448 Most windows do not have a header line---only some special modes, such | |
449 Info mode, create one. | |
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450 @item vertical-border |
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451 This face is used for the vertical divider between windows. |
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452 By default this face inherits from the @code{mode-line-inactive} face |
68516 | 453 on character terminals. On graphical displays the foreground color of |
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454 this face is used for the vertical line between windows without |
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455 scrollbars. |
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456 @item minibuffer-prompt |
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457 @cindex @code{minibuffer-prompt} face |
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458 @vindex minibuffer-prompt-properties |
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459 This face is used for the prompt strings displayed in the minibuffer. |
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460 By default, Emacs automatically adds this face to the value of |
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461 @code{minibuffer-prompt-properties}, which is a list of text |
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462 properties used to display the prompt text. (This variable takes |
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463 effect when you enter the minibuffer.) |
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464 @item fringe |
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465 @cindex @code{fringe} face |
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466 The face for the fringes to the left and right of windows on graphic |
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467 displays. (The fringes are the narrow portions of the Emacs frame |
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468 between the text area and the window's right and left borders.) |
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469 @xref{Fringes}. |
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470 @item scroll-bar |
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471 This face determines the visual appearance of the scroll bar. |
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472 @xref{Scroll Bars}. |
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473 @item border |
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474 This face determines the color of the frame border. |
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475 @item cursor |
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476 This face determines the color of the cursor. |
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477 @item mouse |
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478 This face determines the color of the mouse pointer. |
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479 @item tool-bar |
68516 | 480 This face determines the color of tool bar icons. @xref{Tool Bars}. |
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481 @item tooltip |
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482 This face is used for tooltips. @xref{Tooltips}. |
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483 @item menu |
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484 @cindex menu bar appearance |
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485 @cindex @code{menu} face, no effect if customized |
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486 @cindex customization of @code{menu} face |
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487 This face determines the colors and font of Emacs's menus. @xref{Menu |
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488 Bars}. Setting the font of LessTif/Motif menus is currently not |
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489 supported; attempts to set the font are ignored in this case. |
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490 Likewise, attempts to customize this face in Emacs built with GTK and |
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491 in the MS-Windows/Mac ports are ignored by the respective GUI toolkits; |
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492 you need to use system-wide styles and options to change the |
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493 appearance of the menus. |
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494 @end table |
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495 |
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496 @node Font Lock |
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497 @section Font Lock mode |
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498 @cindex Font Lock mode |
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499 @cindex mode, Font Lock |
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500 @cindex syntax highlighting and coloring |
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501 |
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502 Font Lock mode is a minor mode, always local to a particular buffer, |
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503 which highlights (or ``fontifies'') the buffer contents according to |
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504 the syntax of the text you are editing. It can recognize comments and |
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505 strings in most languages; in several languages, it can also recognize |
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506 and properly highlight various other important constructs---for |
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507 example, names of functions being defined or reserved keywords. |
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508 Some special modes, such as Occur mode and Info mode, have completely |
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509 specialized ways of assigning fonts for Font Lock mode. |
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510 |
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511 @findex font-lock-mode |
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512 Font Lock mode is turned on by default in all modes which support it. |
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513 You can toggle font-lock for each buffer with the command @kbd{M-x |
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514 font-lock-mode}. Using a positive argument unconditionally turns Font |
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515 Lock mode on, and a negative or zero argument turns it off. |
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516 |
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517 @findex global-font-lock-mode |
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518 @vindex global-font-lock-mode |
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519 If you do not wish Font Lock mode to be turned on by default, |
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520 customize the variable @code{global-font-lock-mode} using the Customize |
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521 interface (@pxref{Easy Customization}), or use the function |
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522 @code{global-font-lock-mode} in your @file{.emacs} file, like this: |
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523 |
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524 @example |
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525 (global-font-lock-mode 0) |
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526 @end example |
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527 |
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528 @noindent |
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529 This variable, like all the variables that control Font Lock mode, |
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530 take effect whenever fontification is done; that is, potentially at |
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531 any time. |
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532 |
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533 @findex turn-on-font-lock |
68516 | 534 If you have disabled Global Font Lock mode, you can still enable Font |
535 Lock for specific major modes by adding the function | |
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536 @code{turn-on-font-lock} to the mode hooks (@pxref{Hooks}). For |
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537 example, to enable Font Lock mode for editing C files, you can do this: |
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538 |
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539 @example |
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540 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock) |
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541 @end example |
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542 |
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543 Font Lock mode uses several specifically named faces to do its job, |
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544 including @code{font-lock-string-face}, @code{font-lock-comment-face}, |
68516 | 545 and others. The easiest way to find them all is to use @kbd{M-x |
546 customize-group @key{RET} font-lock-faces @key{RET}}. You can then | |
547 use that customization buffer to customize the appearance of these | |
548 faces. @xref{Face Customization}. | |
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549 |
68516 | 550 You can also customize these faces using @kbd{M-x |
551 set-face-foreground} or @kbd{M-x set-face-background}. @xref{Faces}. | |
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552 |
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553 @vindex font-lock-maximum-decoration |
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554 The variable @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} specifies the |
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555 preferred level of fontification, for modes that provide multiple |
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556 levels. Level 1 is the least amount of fontification; some modes |
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557 support levels as high as 3. The normal default is ``as high as |
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558 possible.'' You can specify an integer, which applies to all modes, or |
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559 you can specify different numbers for particular major modes; for |
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560 example, to use level 1 for C/C++ modes, and the default level |
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561 otherwise, use this: |
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562 |
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563 @example |
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564 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration |
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565 '((c-mode . 1) (c++-mode . 1))) |
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|
566 @end example |
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567 |
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568 @vindex font-lock-maximum-size |
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569 Fontification can be too slow for large buffers, so you can suppress |
68516 | 570 it for buffers above a certain size. The variable |
571 @code{font-lock-maximum-size} specifies a buffer size, beyond which | |
572 buffer fontification is suppressed. | |
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573 |
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574 @c @w is used below to prevent a bad page-break. |
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575 @vindex font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function |
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576 @cindex incorrect fontification |
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577 @cindex parenthesis in column zero and fontification |
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578 @cindex brace in column zero and fontification |
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579 Comment and string fontification (or ``syntactic'' fontification) |
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580 relies on analysis of the syntactic structure of the buffer text. For |
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581 the sake of speed, some modes, including Lisp mode, rely on a special |
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|
582 convention: an open-parenthesis or open-brace in the leftmost column |
fb70c9e1f026
(Font Lock): C mode no longer depends on (-in-col-0.
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|
583 always defines the @w{beginning} of a defun, and is thus always |
fb70c9e1f026
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584 outside any string or comment. (@xref{Left Margin Paren}.) If you |
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585 don't follow this convention, Font Lock mode can misfontify the text |
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586 that follows an open-parenthesis or open-brace in the leftmost column |
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587 that is inside a string or comment. |
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588 |
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589 @cindex slow display during scrolling |
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590 The variable @code{font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function} (always |
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591 buffer-local) specifies how Font Lock mode can find a position |
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592 guaranteed to be outside any comment or string. In modes which use the |
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593 leftmost column parenthesis convention, the default value of the variable |
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594 is @code{beginning-of-defun}---that tells Font Lock mode to use the |
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595 convention. If you set this variable to @code{nil}, Font Lock no longer |
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596 relies on the convention. This avoids incorrect results, but the price |
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597 is that, in some cases, fontification for a changed text must rescan |
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598 buffer text from the beginning of the buffer. This can considerably |
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599 slow down redisplay while scrolling, particularly if you are close to |
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600 the end of a large buffer. |
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601 |
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602 @findex font-lock-add-keywords |
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603 Font Lock highlighting patterns already exist for many modes, but you |
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604 may want to fontify additional patterns. You can use the function |
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605 @code{font-lock-add-keywords}, to add your own highlighting patterns for |
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606 a particular mode. For example, to highlight @samp{FIXME:} words in C |
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607 comments, use this: |
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608 |
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609 @example |
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610 (font-lock-add-keywords |
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611 'c-mode |
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612 '(("\\<\\(FIXME\\):" 1 font-lock-warning-face t))) |
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613 @end example |
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614 |
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615 @findex font-lock-remove-keywords |
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616 To remove keywords from the font-lock highlighting patterns, use the |
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617 function @code{font-lock-remove-keywords}. @xref{Search-based |
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618 Fontification,,, elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, for |
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619 documentation of the format of this list. |
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620 |
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621 @cindex just-in-time (JIT) font-lock |
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622 @cindex background syntax highlighting |
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623 Fontifying large buffers can take a long time. To avoid large |
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624 delays when a file is visited, Emacs fontifies only the visible |
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625 portion of a buffer. As you scroll through the buffer, each portion |
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626 that becomes visible is fontified as soon as it is displayed. The |
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627 parts of the buffer that are not displayed are fontified |
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628 ``stealthily,'' in the background, i.e.@: when Emacs is idle. You can |
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629 control this background fontification, also called @dfn{Just-In-Time} |
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630 (or @dfn{JIT}) Lock, by customizing variables in the customization |
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631 group @samp{jit-lock}. @xref{Specific Customization}. |
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632 |
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633 @node Highlight Interactively |
68516 | 634 @section Interactive Highlighting |
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635 @cindex highlighting by matching |
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636 @cindex interactive highlighting |
68516 | 637 @cindex Highlight Changes mode |
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638 |
68516 | 639 @findex highlight-changes-mode |
640 Use @kbd{M-x highlight-changes-mode} to enable (or disable) | |
641 Highlight Changes mode, a minor mode that uses faces (colors, | |
642 typically) to indicate which parts of the buffer were changed most | |
643 recently. | |
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644 |
68516 | 645 @cindex Hi Lock mode |
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646 @findex hi-lock-mode |
68516 | 647 Hi Lock mode is another minor mode, which highlights text that |
648 matches your specified regular expressions. For example, you might | |
649 wish to see all the references to a certain variable in a program | |
650 source file, highlight certain parts in a voluminous output of some | |
651 program, or make certain names stand out in an article. Use the | |
652 @kbd{M-x hi-lock-mode} command to enable (or disable) Hi Lock mode. | |
653 To enable Hi Lock mode for all buffers, use @kbd{M-x | |
654 global-hi-lock-mode} or place @code{(global-hi-lock-mode 1)} in your | |
655 @file{.emacs} file. | |
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656 |
68516 | 657 Hi Lock mode works like Font Lock mode (@pxref{Font Lock}), except |
658 that you specify explicitly the regular expressions to highlight. You | |
659 control them with these commands: | |
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660 |
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661 @table @kbd |
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662 @item C-x w h @var{regexp} @key{RET} @var{face} @key{RET} |
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663 @kindex C-x w h |
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664 @findex highlight-regexp |
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665 Highlight text that matches @var{regexp} using face @var{face} |
68516 | 666 (@code{highlight-regexp}). The highlighting will remain as long as |
667 the buffer is loaded. For example, to highlight all occurrences of | |
668 the word ``whim'' using the default face (a yellow background) | |
669 @kbd{C-x w h whim @key{RET} @key{RET}}. Any face can be used for | |
670 highlighting, Hi Lock provides several of its own and these are | |
671 pre-loaded into a history list. While being prompted for a face use | |
672 @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} to cycle through them. | |
673 | |
674 You can use this command multiple times, specifying various regular | |
675 expressions to highlight in different ways. | |
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676 |
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677 @item C-x w r @var{regexp} @key{RET} |
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678 @kindex C-x w r |
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679 @findex unhighlight-regexp |
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680 Unhighlight @var{regexp} (@code{unhighlight-regexp}). |
68516 | 681 |
682 If you invoke this from the menu, you select the expression to | |
683 unhighlight from a list. If you invoke this from the keyboard, you | |
684 use the minibuffer. It will show the most recently added regular | |
685 expression; use @kbd{M-p} to show the next older expression and | |
686 @kbd{M-n} to select the next newer expression. (You can also type the | |
687 expression by hand, with completion.) When the expression you want to | |
688 unhighlight appears in the minibuffer, press @kbd{@key{RET}} to exit | |
689 the minibuffer and unhighlight it. | |
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690 |
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691 @item C-x w l @var{regexp} @key{RET} @var{face} @key{RET} |
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692 @kindex C-x w l |
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693 @findex highlight-lines-matching-regexp |
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694 @cindex lines, highlighting |
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695 @cindex highlighting lines of text |
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696 Highlight entire lines containing a match for @var{regexp}, using face |
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697 @var{face} (@code{highlight-lines-matching-regexp}). |
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698 |
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699 @item C-x w b |
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700 @kindex C-x w b |
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701 @findex hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns |
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702 Insert all the current highlighting regexp/face pairs into the buffer |
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703 at point, with comment delimiters to prevent them from changing your |
68516 | 704 program. (This key binding runs the |
705 @code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns} command.) | |
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706 |
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707 These patterns will be read the next time you visit the file while |
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708 Hi Lock mode is enabled, or whenever you use the @kbd{M-x |
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709 hi-lock-find-patterns} command. |
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710 |
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711 @item C-x w i |
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712 @kindex C-x w i |
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713 @findex hi-lock-find-patterns |
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714 @vindex hi-lock-exclude-modes |
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715 Re-read regexp/face pairs in the current buffer |
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716 (@code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns}). Users familiar with Font |
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717 Lock keywords might interactively enter patterns |
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718 (@code{highlight-regexp}), write them into the file |
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719 (@code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns}), edit them, perhaps |
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720 including different faces for different parenthesized parts of the |
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721 match, and finally use this command |
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722 (@code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns}) to have Hi Lock highlight |
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723 them. |
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724 |
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725 This command does nothing if the current major mode's symbol is a member |
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726 of the list @code{hi-lock-exclude-modes}. |
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727 @end table |
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728 |
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729 @node Fringes |
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730 @section Window Fringes |
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731 @cindex fringes |
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732 |
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733 On a graphical display, each Emacs window normally has narrow |
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734 @dfn{fringes} on the left and right edges. The fringes display |
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735 indications about the text in the window. |
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|
736 |
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737 The most common use of the fringes is to indicate a continuation |
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738 line, when one line of text is split into multiple lines on the |
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739 screen. The left fringe shows a curving arrow for each screen line |
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740 except the first, indicating that ``this is not the real beginning.'' |
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741 The right fringe shows a curving arrow for each screen line except the |
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742 last, indicating that ``this is not the real end.'' |
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|
743 |
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|
744 The fringes indicate line truncation with short horizontal arrows |
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745 meaning ``there's more text on this line which is scrolled |
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|
746 horizontally out of view;'' clicking the mouse on one of the arrows |
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|
747 scrolls the display horizontally in the direction of the arrow. The |
62417
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Various minor changes.
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|
748 fringes can also indicate other things, such as empty lines, or where a |
45889
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|
749 program you are debugging is executing (@pxref{Debuggers}). |
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750 |
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751 @findex set-fringe-style |
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752 @findex fringe-mode |
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753 You can enable and disable the fringes for all frames using |
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754 @kbd{M-x fringe-mode}. To enable and disable the fringes |
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755 for the selected frame, use @kbd{M-x set-fringe-style}. |
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756 |
72556
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757 @node Displaying Boundaries |
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758 @section Displaying Boundaries |
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759 |
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760 @vindex indicate-buffer-boundaries |
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761 On a graphical display, Emacs can indicate the buffer boundaries in |
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762 the fringes. It indicates the first line and the last line with |
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763 angle images in the fringes. This can be combined with up and down |
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764 arrow images which say whether it is possible to scroll the window up |
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765 and down. |
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766 |
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767 The buffer-local variable @code{indicate-buffer-boundaries} controls |
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768 how the buffer boundaries and window scrolling is indicated in the |
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769 fringes. If the value is @code{left} or @code{right}, both angle and |
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770 arrow bitmaps are displayed in the left or right fringe, respectively. |
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771 |
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772 If value is an alist, each element @code{(@var{indicator} . |
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773 @var{position})} specifies the position of one of the indicators. |
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774 The @var{indicator} must be one of @code{top}, @code{bottom}, |
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775 @code{up}, @code{down}, or @code{t} which specifies the default |
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776 position for the indicators not present in the alist. |
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777 The @var{position} is one of @code{left}, @code{right}, or @code{nil} |
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778 which specifies not to show this indicator. |
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779 |
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780 For example, @code{((top . left) (t . right))} places the top angle |
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781 bitmap in left fringe, the bottom angle bitmap in right fringe, and |
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782 both arrow bitmaps in right fringe. To show just the angle bitmaps in |
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783 the left fringe, but no arrow bitmaps, use @code{((top . left) |
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784 (bottom . left))}. |
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|
785 |
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|
786 @vindex default-indicate-buffer-boundaries |
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|
787 The value of the variable @code{default-indicate-buffer-boundaries} |
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|
788 is the default value for @code{indicate-buffer-boundaries} in buffers |
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789 that do not override it. |
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|
790 |
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791 @node Useless Whitespace |
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792 @section Useless Whitespace |
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793 |
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794 @cindex trailing whitespace |
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795 @cindex whitespace, trailing |
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796 @vindex show-trailing-whitespace |
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797 It is easy to leave unnecessary spaces at the end of a line, or |
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|
798 empty lines at the end of a file, without realizing it. In most |
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|
799 cases, this @dfn{trailing whitespace} has no effect, but there are |
68516 | 800 special circumstances where it matters. It can also be a nuisance |
801 that the line has ``changed,'' when the change is just spaces added or | |
802 removed at the end. | |
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803 |
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804 You can make trailing whitespace at the end of a line visible on the |
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805 screen by setting the buffer-local variable |
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806 @code{show-trailing-whitespace} to @code{t}. Then Emacs displays |
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807 trailing whitespace in the face @code{trailing-whitespace}. |
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808 |
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809 This feature does not apply when point is at the end of the line |
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810 containing the whitespace. Strictly speaking, that is ``trailing |
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811 whitespace'' nonetheless, but displaying it specially in that case |
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812 looks ugly while you are typing in new text. In this special case, |
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813 the location of point is enough to show you that the spaces are |
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814 present. |
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815 |
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816 @findex delete-trailing-whitespace |
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817 To delete all trailing whitespace within the current buffer's |
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818 accessible portion (@pxref{Narrowing}), type @kbd{M-x |
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819 delete-trailing-whitespace @key{RET}}. (This command does not remove |
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820 the form-feed characters.) |
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821 |
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822 @vindex indicate-empty-lines |
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823 @vindex default-indicate-empty-lines |
48534
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824 @cindex unused lines |
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825 @cindex fringes, and unused line indication |
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826 Emacs can indicate unused lines at the end of the window with a |
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827 small image in the left fringe (@pxref{Fringes}). The image appears |
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828 for window lines that do not correspond to any buffer text. Blank |
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829 lines at the end of the buffer then stand out because they do not have |
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830 this image in the fringe. |
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831 |
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832 To enable this feature, set the buffer-local variable |
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|
833 @code{indicate-empty-lines} to a non-@code{nil} value. The default |
48534
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|
834 value of this variable is controlled by the variable |
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|
835 @code{default-indicate-empty-lines}; by setting that variable, you |
48534
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836 can enable or disable this feature for all new buffers. (This feature |
68516 | 837 currently doesn't work on text-only terminals.) |
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|
838 |
25829 | 839 @node Selective Display |
840 @section Selective Display | |
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Remove redundant index entries.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36260
diff
changeset
|
841 @cindex selective display |
25829 | 842 @findex set-selective-display |
843 @kindex C-x $ | |
844 | |
845 Emacs has the ability to hide lines indented more than a certain number | |
846 of columns (you specify how many columns). You can use this to get an | |
847 overview of a part of a program. | |
848 | |
62417
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Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61411
diff
changeset
|
849 To hide lines in the current buffer, type @kbd{C-x $} |
6d49a2df78a7
Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61411
diff
changeset
|
850 (@code{set-selective-display}) with a numeric argument @var{n}. Then |
6d49a2df78a7
Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61411
diff
changeset
|
851 lines with at least @var{n} columns of indentation disappear from the |
6d49a2df78a7
Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61411
diff
changeset
|
852 screen. The only indication of their presence is that three dots |
6d49a2df78a7
Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61411
diff
changeset
|
853 (@samp{@dots{}}) appear at the end of each visible line that is |
6d49a2df78a7
Various minor changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61411
diff
changeset
|
854 followed by one or more hidden ones. |
25829 | 855 |
856 The commands @kbd{C-n} and @kbd{C-p} move across the hidden lines as | |
857 if they were not there. | |
858 | |
859 The hidden lines are still present in the buffer, and most editing | |
860 commands see them as usual, so you may find point in the middle of the | |
861 hidden text. When this happens, the cursor appears at the end of the | |
862 previous line, after the three dots. If point is at the end of the | |
863 visible line, before the newline that ends it, the cursor appears before | |
864 the three dots. | |
865 | |
866 To make all lines visible again, type @kbd{C-x $} with no argument. | |
867 | |
868 @vindex selective-display-ellipses | |
869 If you set the variable @code{selective-display-ellipses} to | |
870 @code{nil}, the three dots do not appear at the end of a line that | |
871 precedes hidden lines. Then there is no visible indication of the | |
872 hidden lines. This variable becomes local automatically when set. | |
873 | |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
874 See also @ref{Outline Mode} for another way to hide part of |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
875 the text in a buffer. |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
876 |
25829 | 877 @node Optional Mode Line |
878 @section Optional Mode Line Features | |
879 | |
52461
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
880 @cindex buffer size display |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
881 @cindex display of buffer size |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
882 @findex size-indication-mode |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
883 The buffer percentage @var{pos} indicates the percentage of the |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
884 buffer above the top of the window. You can additionally display the |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
885 size of the buffer by typing @kbd{M-x size-indication-mode} to turn on |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
886 Size Indication mode. The size will be displayed immediately |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
887 following the buffer percentage like this: |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
888 |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
889 @example |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
890 @var{POS} of @var{SIZE} |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
891 @end example |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
892 |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
893 @noindent |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
894 Here @var{SIZE} is the human readable representation of the number of |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
895 characters in the buffer, which means that @samp{k} for 10^3, @samp{M} |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
896 for 10^6, @samp{G} for 10^9, etc., are used to abbreviate. |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
897 |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
898 @cindex narrowing, and buffer size display |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
899 If you have narrowed the buffer (@pxref{Narrowing}), the size of the |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
900 accessible part of the buffer is shown. |
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
901 |
36150
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
902 @cindex line number display |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
903 @cindex display of line number |
25829 | 904 @findex line-number-mode |
905 The current line number of point appears in the mode line when Line | |
906 Number mode is enabled. Use the command @kbd{M-x line-number-mode} to | |
907 turn this mode on and off; normally it is on. The line number appears | |
52461
030d7903be24
(Optional Mode Line): Document `size-indication-mode'.
Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
908 after the buffer percentage @var{pos}, with the letter @samp{L} to |
25829 | 909 indicate what it is. @xref{Minor Modes}, for more information about |
910 minor modes and about how to use this command. | |
911 | |
38121
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
912 @cindex narrowing, and line number display |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
913 If you have narrowed the buffer (@pxref{Narrowing}), the displayed |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
914 line number is relative to the accessible portion of the buffer. |
68516 | 915 Thus, it isn't suitable as an argument to @code{goto-line}. (Use |
916 @code{what-line} command to see the line number relative to the whole | |
917 file.) | |
38121
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
918 |
25829 | 919 @vindex line-number-display-limit |
920 If the buffer is very large (larger than the value of | |
921 @code{line-number-display-limit}), then the line number doesn't appear. | |
922 Emacs doesn't compute the line number when the buffer is large, because | |
38121
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
923 that would be too slow. Set it to @code{nil} to remove the limit. |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
924 |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
925 @vindex line-number-display-limit-width |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
926 Line-number computation can also be slow if the lines in the buffer |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
927 are too long. For this reason, Emacs normally doesn't display line |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
928 numbers if the average width, in characters, of lines near point is |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
929 larger than the value of the variable |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
930 @code{line-number-display-limit-width}. The default value is 200 |
82d39521a482
(Optional Mode Line): Document line-number-display-limit-width.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38115
diff
changeset
|
931 characters. |
25829 | 932 |
933 @cindex Column Number mode | |
934 @cindex mode, Column Number | |
935 @findex column-number-mode | |
936 You can also display the current column number by turning on Column | |
937 Number mode. It displays the current column number preceded by the | |
938 letter @samp{C}. Type @kbd{M-x column-number-mode} to toggle this mode. | |
939 | |
940 @findex display-time | |
941 @cindex time (on mode line) | |
942 Emacs can optionally display the time and system load in all mode | |
30870 | 943 lines. To enable this feature, type @kbd{M-x display-time} or customize |
944 the option @code{display-time-mode}. The information added to the mode | |
945 line usually appears after the buffer name, before the mode names and | |
946 their parentheses. It looks like this: | |
25829 | 947 |
948 @example | |
949 @var{hh}:@var{mm}pm @var{l.ll} | |
950 @end example | |
951 | |
952 @noindent | |
953 @vindex display-time-24hr-format | |
954 Here @var{hh} and @var{mm} are the hour and minute, followed always by | |
955 @samp{am} or @samp{pm}. @var{l.ll} is the average number of running | |
956 processes in the whole system recently. (Some fields may be missing if | |
957 your operating system cannot support them.) If you prefer time display | |
958 in 24-hour format, set the variable @code{display-time-24hr-format} | |
959 to @code{t}. | |
960 | |
961 @cindex mail (on mode line) | |
28800 | 962 @vindex display-time-use-mail-icon |
963 @vindex display-time-mail-face | |
45877
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
964 @vindex display-time-mail-file |
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
965 @vindex display-time-mail-directory |
25829 | 966 The word @samp{Mail} appears after the load level if there is mail |
28800 | 967 for you that you have not read yet. On a graphical display you can use |
968 an icon instead of @samp{Mail} by customizing | |
969 @code{display-time-use-mail-icon}; this may save some space on the mode | |
970 line. You can customize @code{display-time-mail-face} to make the mail | |
45877
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
971 indicator prominent. Use @code{display-time-mail-file} to specify |
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
972 the mail file to check, or set @code{display-time-mail-directory} |
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
973 to specify the directory to check for incoming mail (any nonempty regular |
74f67ed375f0
Rename Trailing Whitespace to Useless Whitespace
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
43664
diff
changeset
|
974 file in the directory is considered as ``newly arrived mail''). |
25829 | 975 |
39267 | 976 @cindex mode line, 3D appearance |
35433
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
977 @cindex attributes of mode line, changing |
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
978 @cindex non-integral number of lines in a window |
38115
c75a19b1930f
Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38048
diff
changeset
|
979 By default, the mode line is drawn on graphics displays with |
c75a19b1930f
Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38048
diff
changeset
|
980 3D-style highlighting, like that of a button when it is not being |
c75a19b1930f
Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38048
diff
changeset
|
981 pressed. If you don't like this effect, you can disable the 3D |
c75a19b1930f
Local rewrites. Describe basic no-argument C-v and M-v first,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38048
diff
changeset
|
982 highlighting of the mode line, by customizing the attributes of the |
68516 | 983 @code{mode-line} face. @xref{Face Customization}. |
35433
1777865bdb98
(Optional Mode Line): Explain how to turn off the 3D appearence of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34749
diff
changeset
|
984 |
43260
59e700c2760c
(Faces): Document the mode-line-inactive face.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43101
diff
changeset
|
985 @cindex non-selected windows, mode line appearance |
43289 | 986 By default, the mode line of nonselected windows is displayed in a |
43283
1124d2e7429a
mode-line-in-non-selected-windows is now a boolean.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
43260
diff
changeset
|
987 different face, called @code{mode-line-inactive}. Only the selected |
43289 | 988 window is displayed in the @code{mode-line} face. This helps show |
989 which window is selected. When the minibuffer is selected, since | |
990 it has no mode line, the window from which you activated the minibuffer | |
991 has its mode line displayed using @code{mode-line}; as a result, | |
992 ordinary entry to the minibuffer does not change any mode lines. | |
993 | |
994 @vindex mode-line-in-non-selected-windows | |
995 You can disable use of @code{mode-line-inactive} by setting variable | |
43283
1124d2e7429a
mode-line-in-non-selected-windows is now a boolean.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
43260
diff
changeset
|
996 @code{mode-line-in-non-selected-windows} to @code{nil}; then all mode |
1124d2e7429a
mode-line-in-non-selected-windows is now a boolean.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
43260
diff
changeset
|
997 lines are displayed in the @code{mode-line} face. |
43260
59e700c2760c
(Faces): Document the mode-line-inactive face.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
43101
diff
changeset
|
998 |
68455
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
999 @vindex eol-mnemonic-unix |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
1000 @vindex eol-mnemonic-dos |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
1001 @vindex eol-mnemonic-mac |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
1002 @vindex eol-mnemonic-undecided |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
1003 You can customize the mode line display for each of the end-of-line |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
1004 formats by setting each of the variables @code{eol-mnemonic-unix}, |
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
1005 @code{eol-mnemonic-dos}, @code{eol-mnemonic-mac}, and |
68516 | 1006 @code{eol-mnemonic-undecided} to the strings you prefer. |
68455
2ccd995850e5
(Display Custom): Add xref to Variables.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68220
diff
changeset
|
1007 |
25829 | 1008 @node Text Display |
1009 @section How Text Is Displayed | |
1010 @cindex characters (in text) | |
1011 | |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52461
diff
changeset
|
1012 @acronym{ASCII} printing characters (octal codes 040 through 0176) in Emacs |
38048
bd45e6c57fba
Proofreading fixes from Danny Colascione <qtmstr@optonline.net>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37485
diff
changeset
|
1013 buffers are displayed with their graphics, as are non-ASCII multibyte |
25829 | 1014 printing characters (octal codes above 0400). |
1015 | |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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52461
diff
changeset
|
1016 Some @acronym{ASCII} control characters are displayed in special ways. The |
25829 | 1017 newline character (octal code 012) is displayed by starting a new line. |
1018 The tab character (octal code 011) is displayed by moving to the next | |
1019 tab stop column (normally every 8 columns). | |
1020 | |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
1021 Other @acronym{ASCII} control characters are normally displayed as a caret |
25829 | 1022 (@samp{^}) followed by the non-control version of the character; thus, |
68516 | 1023 control-A is displayed as @samp{^A}. The caret appears in face |
1024 @code{escape-glyph}. | |
1025 | |
1026 Non-@acronym{ASCII} characters 0200 through 0237 (octal) are | |
1027 displayed with octal escape sequences; thus, character code 0230 | |
1028 (octal) is displayed as @samp{\230}. The backslash appears in face | |
1029 @code{escape-glyph}. | |
25829 | 1030 |
68516 | 1031 @vindex ctl-arrow |
1032 If the variable @code{ctl-arrow} is @code{nil}, control characters in | |
1033 the buffer are displayed with octal escape sequences, except for newline | |
1034 and tab. Altering the value of @code{ctl-arrow} makes it local to the | |
1035 current buffer; until that time, the default value is in effect. The | |
1036 default is initially @code{t}. | |
1037 | |
1038 The display of character codes 0240 through 0377 (octal) may be | |
1039 either as escape sequences or as graphics. They do not normally occur | |
1040 in multibyte buffers, but if they do, they are displayed as Latin-1 | |
1041 graphics. In unibyte mode, if you enable European display they are | |
1042 displayed using their graphics (assuming your terminal supports them), | |
68714
55bc2caea3d5
(Text Display): Update xrefs.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68639
diff
changeset
|
1043 otherwise as escape sequences. @xref{Unibyte Mode}. |
25829 | 1044 |
63721
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1045 @vindex nobreak-char-display |
63753
21f1853e2386
(Text Display): Change index entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63722
diff
changeset
|
1046 @cindex no-break space, display |
21f1853e2386
(Text Display): Change index entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63722
diff
changeset
|
1047 @cindex no-break hyphen, display |
21f1853e2386
(Text Display): Change index entries.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63722
diff
changeset
|
1048 @cindex soft hyphen, display |
63721
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1049 Some character sets define ``no-break'' versions of the space and |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1050 hyphen characters, which are used where a line should not be broken. |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1051 Emacs normally displays these characters with special faces |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1052 (respectively, @code{nobreak-space} and @code{escape-glyph}) to |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1053 distinguish them from ordinary spaces and hyphens. You can turn off |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1054 this feature by setting the variable @code{nobreak-char-display} to |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1055 @code{nil}. If you set the variable to any other value, that means to |
9bcd6144b097
(Text Display): Renamed show-nonbreak-escape
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63649
diff
changeset
|
1056 prefix these characters with an escape character. |
60950
c7ee76ed1a51
(Text Display): Mention non-breaking spaces.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60857
diff
changeset
|
1057 |
68516 | 1058 @vindex tab-width |
1059 @vindex default-tab-width | |
1060 Normally, a tab character in the buffer is displayed as whitespace which | |
1061 extends to the next display tab stop position, and display tab stops come | |
1062 at intervals equal to eight spaces. The number of spaces per tab is | |
1063 controlled by the variable @code{tab-width}, which is made local by | |
1064 changing it. Note that how the tab character | |
1065 in the buffer is displayed has nothing to do with the definition of | |
1066 @key{TAB} as a command. The variable @code{tab-width} must have an | |
1067 integer value between 1 and 1000, inclusive. The variable | |
1068 @code{default-tab-width} controls the default value of this variable | |
1069 for buffers where you have not set it locally. | |
1070 | |
1071 You can customize the way any particular character code is displayed | |
1072 by means of a display table. @xref{Display Tables,, Display Tables, | |
1073 elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. | |
1074 | |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1075 @node Cursor Display |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1076 @section Displaying the Cursor |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1077 |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1078 @findex blink-cursor-mode |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1079 @vindex blink-cursor-alist |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1080 @cindex cursor, locating visually |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1081 @cindex cursor, blinking |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1082 You can customize the cursor's color, and whether it blinks, using |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1083 the @code{cursor} Custom group (@pxref{Easy Customization}). On |
70357
03e273042b0d
Say "graphical displays".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68841
diff
changeset
|
1084 a graphical display, the command @kbd{M-x blink-cursor-mode} enables |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1085 or disables the blinking of the cursor. (On text terminals, the |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1086 terminal itself blinks the cursor, and Emacs has no control over it.) |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1087 You can control how the cursor appears when it blinks off by setting |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1088 the variable @code{blink-cursor-alist}. |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1089 |
67937
cee5814efd02
(Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
67771
diff
changeset
|
1090 @vindex visible-cursor |
cee5814efd02
(Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
67771
diff
changeset
|
1091 Some text terminals offer two different cursors: the normal cursor |
cee5814efd02
(Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
67771
diff
changeset
|
1092 and the very visible cursor, where the latter may be e.g. bigger or |
71581
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70483
diff
changeset
|
1093 blinking. By default Emacs uses the very visible cursor, and switches |
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70483
diff
changeset
|
1094 to it when you start or resume Emacs. If the variable |
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70483
diff
changeset
|
1095 @code{visible-cursor} is @code{nil} when Emacs starts or resumes, it |
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70483
diff
changeset
|
1096 doesn't switch, so it uses the normal cursor. |
67937
cee5814efd02
(Displaying the Cursor): Mention visible-cursor.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
67771
diff
changeset
|
1097 |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1098 @cindex cursor in non-selected windows |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1099 @vindex cursor-in-non-selected-windows |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1100 Normally, the cursor appears in non-selected windows in the ``off'' |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1101 state, with the same appearance as when the blinking cursor blinks |
72101
c7e4f78b81a6
Move periods and commas inside quotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71581
diff
changeset
|
1102 ``off.'' For a box cursor, this is a hollow box; for a bar cursor, |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1103 this is a thinner bar. To turn off cursors in non-selected windows, |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1104 customize the variable @code{cursor-in-non-selected-windows} and assign |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1105 it a @code{nil} value. |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1106 |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1107 @vindex x-stretch-cursor |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1108 @cindex wide block cursor |
70357
03e273042b0d
Say "graphical displays".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68841
diff
changeset
|
1109 On graphical displays, Emacs can optionally draw the block cursor |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1110 as wide as the character under the cursor---for example, if the cursor |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1111 is on a tab character, it would cover the full width occupied by that |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1112 tab character. To enable this feature, set the variable |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1113 @code{x-stretch-cursor} to a non-@code{nil} value. |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1114 |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1115 @findex hl-line-mode |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1116 @findex global-hl-line-mode |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1117 @cindex highlight current line |
68516 | 1118 To make the cursor even more visible, you can use HL Line mode, a |
1119 minor mode that highlights the line containing point. Use @kbd{M-x | |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1120 hl-line-mode} to enable or disable it in the current buffer. @kbd{M-x |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1121 global-hl-line-mode} enables or disables the same mode globally. |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1122 |
72556
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1123 @node Line Truncation |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1124 @section Truncation of Lines |
25829 | 1125 |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1126 @cindex truncation |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1127 @cindex line truncation, and fringes |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1128 As an alternative to continuation, Emacs can display long lines by |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1129 @dfn{truncation}. This means that all the characters that do not fit |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1130 in the width of the screen or window do not appear at all. On |
68516 | 1131 graphical displays, a small straight arrow in the fringe indicates |
1132 truncation at either end of the line. On text-only terminals, @samp{$} | |
60104
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1133 appears in the first column when there is text truncated to the left, |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1134 and in the last column when there is text truncated to the right. |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1135 |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1136 @vindex truncate-lines |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1137 @findex toggle-truncate-lines |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1138 Horizontal scrolling automatically causes line truncation |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1139 (@pxref{Horizontal Scrolling}). You can explicitly enable line |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1140 truncation for a particular buffer with the command @kbd{M-x |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1141 toggle-truncate-lines}. This works by locally changing the variable |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1142 @code{truncate-lines}. If that variable is non-@code{nil}, long lines |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1143 are truncated; if it is @code{nil}, they are continued onto multiple |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1144 screen lines. Setting the variable @code{truncate-lines} in any way |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1145 makes it local to the current buffer; until that time, the default |
8116a5e9f2a1
(Display): Reorder menu.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
59796
diff
changeset
|
1146 value is in effect. The default value is normally @code{nil}. |
25829 | 1147 |
1148 @c @vindex truncate-partial-width-windows @c Idx entry is in Split Windows. | |
1149 If the variable @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} is | |
1150 non-@code{nil}, it forces truncation rather than continuation in any | |
1151 window less than the full width of the screen or frame, regardless of | |
1152 the value of @code{truncate-lines}. For information about side-by-side | |
1153 windows, see @ref{Split Window}. See also @ref{Display,, Display, | |
1154 elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. | |
1155 | |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1156 @vindex overflow-newline-into-fringe |
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1157 If the variable @code{overflow-newline-into-fringe} is |
68516 | 1158 non-@code{nil} on a graphical display, then Emacs does not continue or |
1159 truncate a line which is exactly as wide as the window. Instead, the | |
1160 newline overflows into the right fringe, and the cursor appears in the | |
1161 fringe when positioned on that newline. | |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1162 |
72556
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1163 @node Display Custom |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1164 @section Customization of Display |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1165 |
72556
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1166 This section describes variables (@pxref{Variables}) that you can |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1167 change to customize how Emacs displays. Beginning users can skip |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1168 it. |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1169 @c the reason for that pxref is because an xref early in the |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1170 @c ``echo area'' section leads here. |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1171 |
72556
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1172 @vindex inverse-video |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1173 If the variable @code{inverse-video} is non-@code{nil}, Emacs attempts |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1174 to invert all the lines of the display from what they normally are. |
57251
f4a2067d260e
(Display Custom) <indicate-buffer-boundaries>:
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57200
diff
changeset
|
1175 |
72556
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1176 @vindex visible-bell |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1177 If the variable @code{visible-bell} is non-@code{nil}, Emacs attempts |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1178 to make the whole screen blink when it would normally make an audible bell |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1179 sound. This variable has no effect if your terminal does not have a way |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1180 to make the screen blink. |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1181 |
72556
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
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changeset
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1182 @vindex echo-keystrokes |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1183 The variable @code{echo-keystrokes} controls the echoing of multi-character |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1184 keys; its value is the number of seconds of pause required to cause echoing |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1185 to start, or zero, meaning don't echo at all. The value takes effect when |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1186 there is someting to echo. @xref{Echo Area}. |
57194
4871edb9e1d3
(Display Custom): Add `overflow-newline-into-fringe',
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56779
diff
changeset
|
1187 |
25829 | 1188 @vindex baud-rate |
68516 | 1189 The variable @anchor{baud-rate}@code{baud-rate} holds the output |
1190 speed of the terminal, as far as Emacs knows. Setting this variable | |
1191 does not change the speed of actual data transmission, but the value | |
1192 is used for calculations. On text-only terminals, it affects padding, | |
1193 and decisions about whether to scroll part of the screen or redraw it | |
1194 instead. It also affects the behavior of incremental search. | |
32624
cc6228b81571
(Display Vars): Fix description of the role of
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
31188
diff
changeset
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1195 |
68516 | 1196 On graphical displays, @code{baud-rate} is only used to determine |
1197 how frequently to look for pending input during display updating. A | |
36150
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Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
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1198 higher value of @code{baud-rate} means that check for pending input |
46e59561af4c
Display Vars node renamed Display Custom.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
35433
diff
changeset
|
1199 will be done less frequently. |
25829 | 1200 |
36260 | 1201 @cindex hourglass pointer display |
1202 @vindex hourglass-delay | |
68516 | 1203 On graphical display, Emacs can optionally display the mouse pointer |
36156
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
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1204 in a special shape to say that Emacs is busy. To turn this feature on |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
1205 or off, customize the group @code{cursor}. You can also control the |
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36151
diff
changeset
|
1206 amount of time Emacs must remain busy before the busy indicator is |
36260 | 1207 displayed, by setting the variable @code{hourglass-delay}. |
36156
3a9de976b35c
Delete info on Font Lock Support Modes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1208 |
72556
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(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1209 @vindex overline-margin |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
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1210 On graphical display, this variables specifies the vertical position |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1211 of an overline above the text, including the height of the overline |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1212 itself (1 pixel). The default value is 2 pixels. |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1213 |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1214 @vindex x-underline-at-descent-line |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1215 On graphical display, Emacs normally draws an underline at the |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
72526
diff
changeset
|
1216 baseline level of the font. If @code{x-underline-at-descent-line} is |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1217 non-@code{nil}, Emacs draws the underline at the same height as the |
bb3f9c6499b6
(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1218 font's descent line. |
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(Line Truncation, Displaying Boundaries): New nodes,
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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1219 |
39162
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Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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38939
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|
1220 @findex tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors |
af44a4698df4
Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38939
diff
changeset
|
1221 On some text-only terminals, bold face and inverse video together |
af44a4698df4
Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38939
diff
changeset
|
1222 result in text that is hard to read. Call the function |
af44a4698df4
Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38939
diff
changeset
|
1223 @code{tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors} with a non-@code{nil} |
af44a4698df4
Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
38939
diff
changeset
|
1224 argument to suppress the effect of bold-face in this case. |
af44a4698df4
Describe tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1225 |
68516 | 1226 @vindex no-redraw-on-reenter |
1227 On a text-only terminal, when you reenter Emacs after suspending, Emacs | |
1228 normally clears the screen and redraws the entire display. On some | |
1229 terminals with more than one page of memory, it is possible to arrange | |
1230 the termcap entry so that the @samp{ti} and @samp{te} strings (output | |
1231 to the terminal when Emacs is entered and exited, respectively) switch | |
1232 between pages of memory so as to use one page for Emacs and another | |
71581
e0b0c80d7e1c
(Auto Scrolling): New node, broken out of Scrolling.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
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1233 page for other output. On such terminals, you might want to set the variable |
68516 | 1234 @code{no-redraw-on-reenter} non-@code{nil}; this tells Emacs to |
1235 assume, when resumed, that the screen page it is using still contains | |
1236 what Emacs last wrote there. | |
1237 | |
52401 | 1238 @ignore |
1239 arch-tag: 2219f910-2ff0-4521-b059-1bd231a536c4 | |
1240 @end ignore |