Mercurial > emacs
annotate lispref/frames.texi @ 53441:cb72a8379550
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author | Eli Zaretskii <eliz@is.elta.co.il> |
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date | Tue, 30 Dec 2003 08:26:00 +0000 |
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6547 | 1 @c -*-texinfo-*- |
2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. | |
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2002 |
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4 @c Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
6547 | 5 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions. |
6 @setfilename ../info/frames | |
7 @node Frames, Positions, Windows, Top | |
8 @chapter Frames | |
9 @cindex frame | |
10 | |
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11 A @dfn{frame} is a rectangle on the screen that contains one or more |
6547 | 12 Emacs windows. A frame initially contains a single main window (plus |
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13 perhaps a minibuffer window), which you can subdivide vertically or |
6547 | 14 horizontally into smaller windows. |
15 | |
16 @cindex terminal frame | |
12067 | 17 When Emacs runs on a text-only terminal, it starts with one |
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18 @dfn{terminal frame}. If you create additional ones, Emacs displays |
12067 | 19 one and only one at any given time---on the terminal screen, of course. |
20 | |
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21 @cindex window frame |
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22 When Emacs communicates directly with a supported window system, such |
35476 | 23 as X, it does not have a terminal frame; instead, it starts with |
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24 a single @dfn{window frame}, but you can create more, and Emacs can |
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25 display several such frames at once as is usual for window systems. |
6547 | 26 |
27 @defun framep object | |
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28 This predicate returns a non-@code{nil} value if @var{object} is a |
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29 frame, and @code{nil} otherwise. For a frame, the value indicates which |
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30 kind of display the frame uses: |
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31 |
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32 @table @code |
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33 @item x |
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34 The frame is displayed in an X window. |
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35 @item t |
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36 A terminal frame on a character display. |
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37 @item mac |
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38 The frame is displayed on a Macintosh. |
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39 @item w32 |
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40 The frame is displayed on MS-Windows 9X/NT. |
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41 @item pc |
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42 The frame is displayed on an MS-DOS terminal. |
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43 @end table |
6547 | 44 @end defun |
45 | |
46 @menu | |
12067 | 47 * Creating Frames:: Creating additional frames. |
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48 * Multiple Displays:: Creating frames on other displays. |
6547 | 49 * Frame Parameters:: Controlling frame size, position, font, etc. |
12067 | 50 * Frame Titles:: Automatic updating of frame titles. |
6547 | 51 * Deleting Frames:: Frames last until explicitly deleted. |
52 * Finding All Frames:: How to examine all existing frames. | |
53 * Frames and Windows:: A frame contains windows; | |
54 display of text always works through windows. | |
55 * Minibuffers and Frames:: How a frame finds the minibuffer to use. | |
56 * Input Focus:: Specifying the selected frame. | |
57 * Visibility of Frames:: Frames may be visible or invisible, or icons. | |
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58 * Raising and Lowering:: Raising a frame makes it hide other windows; |
6547 | 59 lowering it makes the others hide them. |
60 * Frame Configurations:: Saving the state of all frames. | |
61 * Mouse Tracking:: Getting events that say when the mouse moves. | |
62 * Mouse Position:: Asking where the mouse is, or moving it. | |
63 * Pop-Up Menus:: Displaying a menu for the user to select from. | |
64 * Dialog Boxes:: Displaying a box to ask yes or no. | |
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65 * Pointer Shapes:: Specifying the shape of the mouse pointer. |
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66 * Window System Selections:: Transferring text to and from other X clients. |
12098 | 67 * Color Names:: Getting the definitions of color names. |
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68 * Text Terminal Colors:: Defining colors for text-only terminals. |
6547 | 69 * Resources:: Getting resource values from the server. |
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70 * Display Feature Testing:: Determining the features of a terminal. |
6547 | 71 @end menu |
72 | |
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73 @xref{Display}, for information about the related topic of |
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74 controlling Emacs redisplay. |
6547 | 75 |
76 @node Creating Frames | |
77 @section Creating Frames | |
78 | |
79 To create a new frame, call the function @code{make-frame}. | |
80 | |
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81 @defun make-frame &optional alist |
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82 This function creates a new frame. If you are using a supported window |
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83 system, it makes a window frame; otherwise, it makes a terminal frame. |
6547 | 84 |
85 The argument is an alist specifying frame parameters. Any parameters | |
86 not mentioned in @var{alist} default according to the value of the | |
12098 | 87 variable @code{default-frame-alist}; parameters not specified even there |
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88 default from the standard X resources or whatever is used instead on |
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89 your system. |
6547 | 90 |
91 The set of possible parameters depends in principle on what kind of | |
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92 window system Emacs uses to display its frames. @xref{Window Frame |
12067 | 93 Parameters}, for documentation of individual parameters you can specify. |
6547 | 94 @end defun |
95 | |
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96 @defvar before-make-frame-hook |
6547 | 97 A normal hook run by @code{make-frame} before it actually creates the |
98 frame. | |
99 @end defvar | |
100 | |
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101 @defvar after-make-frame-functions |
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102 @tindex after-make-frame-functions |
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103 An abnormal hook run by @code{make-frame} after it creates the frame. |
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104 Each function in @code{after-make-frame-functions} receives one argument, the |
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105 frame just created. |
6547 | 106 @end defvar |
107 | |
12067 | 108 @node Multiple Displays |
109 @section Multiple Displays | |
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110 @cindex multiple X displays |
12067 | 111 @cindex displays, multiple |
112 | |
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113 A single Emacs can talk to more than one X display. |
12067 | 114 Initially, Emacs uses just one display---the one chosen with the |
115 @code{DISPLAY} environment variable or with the @samp{--display} option | |
116 (@pxref{Initial Options,,, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). To connect to | |
117 another display, use the command @code{make-frame-on-display} or specify | |
118 the @code{display} frame parameter when you create the frame. | |
119 | |
120 Emacs treats each X server as a separate terminal, giving each one its | |
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121 own selected frame and its own minibuffer windows. However, only one of |
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122 those frames is ``@emph{the} selected frame'' at any given moment, see |
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123 @ref{Input Focus}. |
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124 |
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125 A few Lisp variables are @dfn{terminal-local}; that is, they have a |
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126 separate binding for each terminal. The binding in effect at any time |
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127 is the one for the terminal that the currently selected frame belongs |
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128 to. These variables include @code{default-minibuffer-frame}, |
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129 @code{defining-kbd-macro}, @code{last-kbd-macro}, and |
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130 @code{system-key-alist}. They are always terminal-local, and can never |
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131 be buffer-local (@pxref{Buffer-Local Variables}) or frame-local. |
12067 | 132 |
133 A single X server can handle more than one screen. A display name | |
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134 @samp{@var{host}:@var{server}.@var{screen}} has three parts; the last |
12067 | 135 part specifies the screen number for a given server. When you use two |
136 screens belonging to one server, Emacs knows by the similarity in their | |
137 names that they share a single keyboard, and it treats them as a single | |
138 terminal. | |
139 | |
140 @deffn Command make-frame-on-display display &optional parameters | |
141 This creates a new frame on display @var{display}, taking the other | |
142 frame parameters from @var{parameters}. Aside from the @var{display} | |
143 argument, it is like @code{make-frame} (@pxref{Creating Frames}). | |
144 @end deffn | |
145 | |
146 @defun x-display-list | |
147 This returns a list that indicates which X displays Emacs has a | |
12098 | 148 connection to. The elements of the list are strings, and each one is |
149 a display name. | |
12067 | 150 @end defun |
151 | |
26388 | 152 @defun x-open-connection display &optional xrm-string must-succeed |
12067 | 153 This function opens a connection to the X display @var{display}. It |
154 does not create a frame on that display, but it permits you to check | |
155 that communication can be established with that display. | |
156 | |
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157 The optional argument @var{xrm-string}, if not @code{nil}, is a |
12098 | 158 string of resource names and values, in the same format used in the |
159 @file{.Xresources} file. The values you specify override the resource | |
160 values recorded in the X server itself; they apply to all Emacs frames | |
161 created on this display. Here's an example of what this string might | |
162 look like: | |
163 | |
164 @example | |
165 "*BorderWidth: 3\n*InternalBorder: 2\n" | |
166 @end example | |
167 | |
168 @xref{Resources}. | |
26388 | 169 |
170 If @var{must-succeed} is non-@code{nil}, failure to open the connection | |
171 terminates Emacs. Otherwise, it is an ordinary Lisp error. | |
12067 | 172 @end defun |
173 | |
174 @defun x-close-connection display | |
175 This function closes the connection to display @var{display}. Before | |
176 you can do this, you must first delete all the frames that were open on | |
177 that display (@pxref{Deleting Frames}). | |
178 @end defun | |
179 | |
6547 | 180 @node Frame Parameters |
181 @section Frame Parameters | |
182 | |
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183 A frame has many parameters that control its appearance and behavior. |
6547 | 184 Just what parameters a frame has depends on what display mechanism it |
185 uses. | |
186 | |
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187 Frame parameters exist mostly for the sake of window systems. A |
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188 terminal frame has a few parameters, mostly for compatibility's sake; |
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189 only the @code{height}, @code{width}, @code{name}, @code{title}, |
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190 @code{menu-bar-lines}, @code{buffer-list} and @code{buffer-predicate} |
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191 parameters do something special. If the terminal supports colors, the |
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192 parameters @code{foreground-color}, @code{background-color}, |
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193 @code{background-mode} and @code{display-type} are also meaningful. |
6547 | 194 |
195 @menu | |
196 * Parameter Access:: How to change a frame's parameters. | |
197 * Initial Parameters:: Specifying frame parameters when you make a frame. | |
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198 * Window Frame Parameters:: List of frame parameters for window systems. |
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199 * Size and Position:: Changing the size and position of a frame. |
6547 | 200 @end menu |
201 | |
202 @node Parameter Access | |
203 @subsection Access to Frame Parameters | |
204 | |
205 These functions let you read and change the parameter values of a | |
206 frame. | |
207 | |
26388 | 208 @defun frame-parameter frame parameter |
209 @tindex frame-parameter | |
210 This function returns the value of the parameter named @var{parameter} | |
211 of @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, it returns the | |
212 selected frame's parameter. | |
213 @end defun | |
214 | |
6547 | 215 @defun frame-parameters frame |
216 The function @code{frame-parameters} returns an alist listing all the | |
217 parameters of @var{frame} and their values. | |
218 @end defun | |
219 | |
220 @defun modify-frame-parameters frame alist | |
221 This function alters the parameters of frame @var{frame} based on the | |
222 elements of @var{alist}. Each element of @var{alist} has the form | |
223 @code{(@var{parm} . @var{value})}, where @var{parm} is a symbol naming a | |
224 parameter. If you don't mention a parameter in @var{alist}, its value | |
225 doesn't change. | |
226 @end defun | |
227 | |
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228 @defun modify-all-frames-parameters alist |
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229 This function alters the frame parameters of all existing frames |
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230 according to @var{alist}, then modifies @code{default-frame-alist} |
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231 to apply the same parameter values to frames that will be created |
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232 henceforth. |
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233 @end defun |
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234 |
6547 | 235 @node Initial Parameters |
236 @subsection Initial Frame Parameters | |
237 | |
238 You can specify the parameters for the initial startup frame | |
25875 | 239 by setting @code{initial-frame-alist} in your init file (@pxref{Init File}). |
6547 | 240 |
241 @defvar initial-frame-alist | |
242 This variable's value is an alist of parameter values used when creating | |
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243 the initial window frame. You can set this variable to specify the |
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244 appearance of the initial frame without altering subsequent frames. |
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245 Each element has the form: |
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246 |
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247 @example |
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248 (@var{parameter} . @var{value}) |
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249 @end example |
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250 |
25875 | 251 Emacs creates the initial frame before it reads your init |
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252 file. After reading that file, Emacs checks @code{initial-frame-alist}, |
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253 and applies the parameter settings in the altered value to the already |
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254 created initial frame. |
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255 |
12098 | 256 If these settings affect the frame geometry and appearance, you'll see |
257 the frame appear with the wrong ones and then change to the specified | |
258 ones. If that bothers you, you can specify the same geometry and | |
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259 appearance with X resources; those do take effect before the frame is |
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260 created. @xref{X Resources,, X Resources, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}. |
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261 |
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262 X resource settings typically apply to all frames. If you want to |
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263 specify some X resources solely for the sake of the initial frame, and |
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264 you don't want them to apply to subsequent frames, here's how to achieve |
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265 this. Specify parameters in @code{default-frame-alist} to override the |
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266 X resources for subsequent frames; then, to prevent these from affecting |
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267 the initial frame, specify the same parameters in |
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268 @code{initial-frame-alist} with values that match the X resources. |
6547 | 269 @end defvar |
270 | |
12098 | 271 If these parameters specify a separate minibuffer-only frame with |
272 @code{(minibuffer . nil)}, and you have not created one, Emacs creates | |
273 one for you. | |
6547 | 274 |
275 @defvar minibuffer-frame-alist | |
276 This variable's value is an alist of parameter values used when creating | |
277 an initial minibuffer-only frame---if such a frame is needed, according | |
278 to the parameters for the main initial frame. | |
279 @end defvar | |
280 | |
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281 @defvar default-frame-alist |
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282 This is an alist specifying default values of frame parameters for all |
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283 Emacs frames---the first frame, and subsequent frames. When using the X |
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284 Window System, you can get the same results by means of X resources |
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285 in many cases. |
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286 @end defvar |
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287 |
12098 | 288 See also @code{special-display-frame-alist}, in @ref{Choosing Window}. |
289 | |
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290 If you use options that specify window appearance when you invoke Emacs, |
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291 they take effect by adding elements to @code{default-frame-alist}. One |
12098 | 292 exception is @samp{-geometry}, which adds the specified position to |
293 @code{initial-frame-alist} instead. @xref{Command Arguments,,, emacs, | |
294 The GNU Emacs Manual}. | |
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295 |
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296 @node Window Frame Parameters |
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297 @subsection Window Frame Parameters |
6547 | 298 |
299 Just what parameters a frame has depends on what display mechanism it | |
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300 uses. Here is a table of the parameters that have special meanings in a |
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301 window frame; of these, @code{name}, @code{title}, @code{height}, |
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302 @code{width}, @code{buffer-list} and @code{buffer-predicate} provide |
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303 meaningful information in terminal frames, and @code{tty-color-mode} |
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304 is meaningful @emph{only} in terminal frames. |
6547 | 305 |
306 @table @code | |
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307 @item display |
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308 The display on which to open this frame. It should be a string of the |
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309 form @code{"@var{host}:@var{dpy}.@var{screen}"}, just like the |
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310 @code{DISPLAY} environment variable. |
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311 |
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312 @item title |
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313 If a frame has a non-@code{nil} title, it appears in the window system's |
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314 border for the frame, and also in the mode line of windows in that frame |
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315 if @code{mode-line-frame-identification} uses @samp{%F} |
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316 (@pxref{%-Constructs}). This is normally the case when Emacs is not |
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317 using a window system, and can only display one frame at a time. |
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318 @xref{Frame Titles}. |
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319 |
6547 | 320 @item name |
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321 The name of the frame. The frame name serves as a default for the frame |
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322 title, if the @code{title} parameter is unspecified or @code{nil}. If |
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323 you don't specify a name, Emacs sets the frame name automatically |
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324 (@pxref{Frame Titles}). |
6547 | 325 |
326 If you specify the frame name explicitly when you create the frame, the | |
327 name is also used (instead of the name of the Emacs executable) when | |
328 looking up X resources for the frame. | |
329 | |
330 @item left | |
12067 | 331 The screen position of the left edge, in pixels, with respect to the |
332 left edge of the screen. The value may be a positive number @var{pos}, | |
333 or a list of the form @code{(+ @var{pos})} which permits specifying a | |
334 negative @var{pos} value. | |
335 | |
336 A negative number @minus{}@var{pos}, or a list of the form @code{(- | |
337 @var{pos})}, actually specifies the position of the right edge of the | |
12098 | 338 window with respect to the right edge of the screen. A positive value |
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339 of @var{pos} counts toward the left. @strong{Reminder:} if the |
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340 parameter is a negative integer @minus{}@var{pos}, then @var{pos} is |
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341 positive. |
6547 | 342 |
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343 Some window managers ignore program-specified positions. If you want to |
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344 be sure the position you specify is not ignored, specify a |
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345 non-@code{nil} value for the @code{user-position} parameter as well. |
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346 |
6547 | 347 @item top |
12067 | 348 The screen position of the top edge, in pixels, with respect to the |
349 top edge of the screen. The value may be a positive number @var{pos}, | |
350 or a list of the form @code{(+ @var{pos})} which permits specifying a | |
351 negative @var{pos} value. | |
352 | |
353 A negative number @minus{}@var{pos}, or a list of the form @code{(- | |
354 @var{pos})}, actually specifies the position of the bottom edge of the | |
12098 | 355 window with respect to the bottom edge of the screen. A positive value |
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356 of @var{pos} counts toward the top. @strong{Reminder:} if the |
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357 parameter is a negative integer @minus{}@var{pos}, then @var{pos} is |
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358 positive. |
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359 |
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360 Some window managers ignore program-specified positions. If you want to |
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361 be sure the position you specify is not ignored, specify a |
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362 non-@code{nil} value for the @code{user-position} parameter as well. |
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363 |
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364 @item icon-left |
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365 The screen position of the left edge @emph{of the frame's icon}, in |
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366 pixels, counting from the left edge of the screen. This takes effect if |
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367 and when the frame is iconified. |
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368 |
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369 @item icon-top |
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370 The screen position of the top edge @emph{of the frame's icon}, in |
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371 pixels, counting from the top edge of the screen. This takes effect if |
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372 and when the frame is iconified. |
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373 |
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374 @item user-position |
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375 When you create a frame and specify its screen position with the |
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376 @code{left} and @code{top} parameters, use this parameter to say whether |
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377 the specified position was user-specified (explicitly requested in some |
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378 way by a human user) or merely program-specified (chosen by a program). |
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379 A non-@code{nil} value says the position was user-specified. |
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380 |
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381 Window managers generally heed user-specified positions, and some heed |
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382 program-specified positions too. But many ignore program-specified |
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383 positions, placing the window in a default fashion or letting the user |
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384 place it with the mouse. Some window managers, including @code{twm}, |
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385 let the user specify whether to obey program-specified positions or |
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386 ignore them. |
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387 |
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388 When you call @code{make-frame}, you should specify a non-@code{nil} |
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389 value for this parameter if the values of the @code{left} and @code{top} |
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390 parameters represent the user's stated preference; otherwise, use |
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391 @code{nil}. |
6547 | 392 |
393 @item height | |
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394 The height of the frame contents, in characters. (To get the height in |
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395 pixels, call @code{frame-pixel-height}; see @ref{Size and Position}.) |
6547 | 396 |
397 @item width | |
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398 The width of the frame contents, in characters. (To get the height in |
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399 pixels, call @code{frame-pixel-width}; see @ref{Size and Position}.) |
6547 | 400 |
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401 @item fullscreen |
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402 Specify that width, height or both shall be set to the size of the screen. |
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403 The value @code{fullwidth} specifies that width shall be the size of the |
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404 screen. The value @code{fullheight} specifies that height shall be the |
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405 size of the screen. The value @code{fullboth} specifies that both the |
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406 width and the height shall be set to the size of the screen. |
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407 |
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409 The number of the window-system window used by the frame |
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410 to contain the actual Emacs windows. |
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411 |
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412 @item outer-window-id |
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413 The number of the outermost window-system window used for the whole frame. |
6547 | 414 |
415 @item minibuffer | |
416 Whether this frame has its own minibuffer. The value @code{t} means | |
417 yes, @code{nil} means no, @code{only} means this frame is just a | |
12098 | 418 minibuffer. If the value is a minibuffer window (in some other frame), |
419 the new frame uses that minibuffer. | |
6547 | 420 |
12067 | 421 @item buffer-predicate |
422 The buffer-predicate function for this frame. The function | |
423 @code{other-buffer} uses this predicate (from the selected frame) to | |
424 decide which buffers it should consider, if the predicate is not | |
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425 @code{nil}. It calls the predicate with one argument, a buffer, once for |
12067 | 426 each buffer; if the predicate returns a non-@code{nil} value, it |
427 considers that buffer. | |
428 | |
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429 @item buffer-list |
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430 A list of buffers that have been selected in this frame, |
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431 ordered most-recently-selected first. |
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432 |
6547 | 433 @item auto-raise |
434 Whether selecting the frame raises it (non-@code{nil} means yes). | |
435 | |
436 @item auto-lower | |
437 Whether deselecting the frame lowers it (non-@code{nil} means yes). | |
438 | |
439 @item vertical-scroll-bars | |
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440 Whether the frame has scroll bars for vertical scrolling, and which side |
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441 of the frame they should be on. The possible values are @code{left}, |
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442 @code{right}, and @code{nil} for no scroll bars. |
6547 | 443 |
444 @item horizontal-scroll-bars | |
445 Whether the frame has scroll bars for horizontal scrolling | |
446 (non-@code{nil} means yes). (Horizontal scroll bars are not currently | |
447 implemented.) | |
448 | |
12067 | 449 @item scroll-bar-width |
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450 The width of the vertical scroll bar, in pixels, |
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451 or @code{nil} meaning to use the default width. |
12067 | 452 |
6547 | 453 @item icon-type |
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454 The type of icon to use for this frame when it is iconified. If the |
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455 value is a string, that specifies a file containing a bitmap to use. |
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456 Any other non-@code{nil} value specifies the default bitmap icon (a |
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457 picture of a gnu); @code{nil} specifies a text icon. |
6547 | 458 |
12098 | 459 @item icon-name |
460 The name to use in the icon for this frame, when and if the icon | |
461 appears. If this is @code{nil}, the frame's title is used. | |
462 | |
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463 @item background-mode |
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464 This parameter is either @code{dark} or @code{light}, according |
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465 to whether the background color is a light one or a dark one. |
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466 |
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467 @item tty-color-mode |
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468 @cindex standard colors for character terminals |
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469 This parameter overrides the terminal's color support as given by the |
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470 system's terminal capabilities database in that this parameter's value |
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471 specifies the color mode to use in terminal frames. The value can be |
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472 either a symbol or a number. A number specifies the number of colors |
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473 to use (and, indirectly, what commands to issue to produce each |
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474 color). For example, @code{(tty-color-mode . 8)} forces Emacs to use |
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475 the ANSI escape sequences for 8 standard text colors; and a value of |
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476 -1 means Emacs should turn off color support. If the parameter's |
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477 value is a symbol, that symbol is looked up in the alist |
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478 @code{tty-color-mode-alist}, and if found, the associated number is |
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479 used as the color support mode. |
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480 |
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481 @item display-type |
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482 This parameter describes the range of possible colors that can be used |
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483 in this frame. Its value is @code{color}, @code{grayscale} or |
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484 @code{mono}. |
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485 |
6547 | 486 @item cursor-type |
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487 How to display the cursor. Legitimate values are: |
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488 |
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489 @table @code |
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490 @item box |
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491 Display a filled box. (This is the default.) |
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492 @item hollow |
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493 Display a hollow box. |
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494 @item nil |
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495 Don't display a cursor. |
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496 @item bar |
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497 Display a vertical bar between characters. |
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498 @item (bar . @var{width}) |
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499 Display a vertical bar @var{width} pixels wide between characters. |
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500 @item hbar |
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501 Display a horizontal bar. |
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502 @item (bar . @var{width}) |
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503 Display a horizontal bar @var{width} pixels high. |
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504 @end table |
6547 | 505 |
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506 @vindex cursor-type |
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507 The buffer-local variable @code{cursor-type} overrides the value of |
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508 the @code{cursor-type} frame parameter, and can in addition have |
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509 values @code{t} (use the cursor specified for the frame) and |
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510 @code{nil} (don't display a cursor). |
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511 |
6547 | 512 @item border-width |
513 The width in pixels of the window border. | |
514 | |
515 @item internal-border-width | |
516 The distance in pixels between text and border. | |
517 | |
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518 @item left-fringe |
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519 @itemx right-fringe |
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520 The default width of the left and right fringes of windows in this |
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521 frame (@pxref{Fringes}). If either of these is zero, that effectively |
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522 removes the corresponding fringe. A value of @code{nil} stands for |
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523 the standard fringe width, which is the width needed to display the |
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524 fringe bitmaps. |
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525 |
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526 The combined fringe widths must add up to an integral number of |
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527 columns, so the actual default fringe widths for the frame may be |
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528 larger than the specified values. The extra width needed to reach an |
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529 acceptable total is distributed evenly between the left and right |
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530 fringe. However, you can force one frame or the other to a precise |
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531 width by specifying that width a negative integer. If both widths are |
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532 negative, only the left fringe gets the specified width. |
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533 |
6547 | 534 @item unsplittable |
535 If non-@code{nil}, this frame's window is never split automatically. | |
536 | |
537 @item visibility | |
538 The state of visibility of the frame. There are three possibilities: | |
539 @code{nil} for invisible, @code{t} for visible, and @code{icon} for | |
540 iconified. @xref{Visibility of Frames}. | |
541 | |
542 @item menu-bar-lines | |
543 The number of lines to allocate at the top of the frame for a menu bar. | |
9453 | 544 The default is 1. @xref{Menu Bar}. (In Emacs versions that use the X |
545 toolkit, there is only one menu bar line; all that matters about the | |
546 number you specify is whether it is greater than zero.) | |
6547 | 547 |
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548 @item screen-gamma |
31375 | 549 @cindex gamma correction |
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550 If this is a number, Emacs performs ``gamma correction'' which adjusts |
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551 the brightness of all colors. The value should be the screen gamma of |
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552 your display, a floating point number. |
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553 |
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554 Usual PC monitors have a screen gamma of 2.2, so color values in |
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555 Emacs, and in X windows generally, are calibrated to display properly |
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556 on a monitor with that gamma value. If you specify 2.2 for |
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557 @code{screen-gamma}, that means no correction is needed. Other values |
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558 request correction, designed to make the corrected colors appear on |
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559 your screen they way they would have appeared without correction on an |
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560 ordinary monitor with a gamma value of 2.2. |
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561 |
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562 If your monitor displays colors too light, you should specify a |
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563 @code{screen-gamma} value smaller than 2.2. This requests correction |
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564 that makes colors darker. A screen gamma value of 1.5 may give good |
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565 results for LCD color displays. |
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566 |
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567 @item tool-bar-lines |
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568 The number of lines to use for the toolbar. A value of @code{nil} means |
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569 don't display a tool bar. |
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570 |
31375 | 571 @item line-spacing |
572 Additional space put below text lines in pixels (a positive integer). | |
573 | |
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574 @ignore |
6547 | 575 @item parent-id |
576 @c ??? Not yet working. | |
577 The X window number of the window that should be the parent of this one. | |
578 Specifying this lets you create an Emacs window inside some other | |
579 application's window. (It is not certain this will be implemented; try | |
580 it and see if it works.) | |
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581 @end ignore |
6547 | 582 @end table |
583 | |
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584 @defvar blink-cursor-alist |
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585 This variable specifies how to blink the cursor. Each element has the |
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586 form @code{(@var{on-state} . @var{off-state})}. Whenever the cursor |
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587 type equals @var{on-state} (comparing using @code{equal}), Emacs uses |
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588 @var{off-state} to specify what the cursor looks like when it blinks |
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589 ``off''. Both @var{on-state} and @var{off-state} should be suitable |
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590 values for the @code{cursor-type} frame parameter. |
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591 |
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592 There are various defaults for how to blink each type of cursor, |
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593 if the type is not mentioned as an @var{on-state} here. Changes |
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594 in this variable do not take effect immediately, because the variable |
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595 is examined only when you specify a cursor type for a frame. |
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596 @end defvar |
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597 |
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598 These frame parameters are semi-obsolete in that they are automatically |
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599 equivalent to particular face attributes of particular faces. |
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600 |
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601 @table @code |
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602 @item font |
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603 The name of the font for displaying text in the frame. This is a |
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604 string, either a valid font name for your system or the name of an Emacs |
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605 fontset (@pxref{Fontsets}). It is equivalent to the @code{font} |
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606 attribute of the @code{default} face. |
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607 |
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608 @item foreground-color |
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609 The color to use for the image of a character. It is equivalent to |
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610 the @code{:foreground} attribute of the @code{default} face. |
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611 |
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612 @item background-color |
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613 The color to use for the background of characters. It is equivalent to |
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614 the @code{:background} attribute of the @code{default} face. |
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615 |
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616 @item mouse-color |
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617 The color for the mouse pointer. It is equivalent to the @code{:background} |
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618 attribute of the @code{mouse} face. |
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619 |
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620 @item cursor-color |
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621 The color for the cursor that shows point. It is equivalent to the |
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622 @code{:background} attribute of the @code{cursor} face. |
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623 |
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624 @item border-color |
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625 The color for the border of the frame. It is equivalent to the |
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626 @code{:background} attribute of the @code{border} face. |
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627 |
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628 @item scroll-bar-foreground |
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629 If non-@code{nil}, the color for the foreground of scroll bars. It is |
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630 equivalent to the @code{:foreground} attribute of the |
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631 @code{scroll-bar} face. |
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632 |
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633 @item scroll-bar-background |
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634 If non-@code{nil}, the color for the background of scroll bars. It is |
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635 equivalent to the @code{:background} attribute of the |
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636 @code{scroll-bar} face. |
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637 @end table |
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638 |
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639 @node Size and Position |
6547 | 640 @subsection Frame Size And Position |
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641 @cindex size of frame |
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642 @cindex screen size |
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643 @cindex frame size |
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644 @cindex resize frame |
6547 | 645 |
646 You can read or change the size and position of a frame using the | |
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647 frame parameters @code{left}, @code{top}, @code{height}, and |
7684
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648 @code{width}. Whatever geometry parameters you don't specify are chosen |
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649 by the window manager in its usual fashion. |
6547 | 650 |
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651 Here are some special features for working with sizes and positions. |
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652 (For the precise meaning of ``selected frame'' used by these functions, |
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653 see @ref{Input Focus}.) |
6547 | 654 |
655 @defun set-frame-position frame left top | |
12098 | 656 This function sets the position of the top left corner of @var{frame} to |
657 @var{left} and @var{top}. These arguments are measured in pixels, and | |
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658 normally count from the top left corner of the screen. |
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659 |
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660 Negative parameter values position the bottom edge of the window up from |
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661 the bottom edge of the screen, or the right window edge to the left of |
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662 the right edge of the screen. It would probably be better if the values |
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663 were always counted from the left and top, so that negative arguments |
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664 would position the frame partly off the top or left edge of the screen, |
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665 but it seems inadvisable to change that now. |
6547 | 666 @end defun |
667 | |
668 @defun frame-height &optional frame | |
669 @defunx frame-width &optional frame | |
670 These functions return the height and width of @var{frame}, measured in | |
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671 lines and columns. If you don't supply @var{frame}, they use the |
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672 selected frame. |
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673 @end defun |
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674 |
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675 @defun screen-height |
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676 @defunx screen-width |
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677 These functions are old aliases for @code{frame-height} and |
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678 @code{frame-width}. When you are using a non-window terminal, the size |
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679 of the frame is normally the same as the size of the terminal screen. |
6547 | 680 @end defun |
681 | |
682 @defun frame-pixel-height &optional frame | |
683 @defunx frame-pixel-width &optional frame | |
684 These functions return the height and width of @var{frame}, measured in | |
685 pixels. If you don't supply @var{frame}, they use the selected frame. | |
686 @end defun | |
687 | |
688 @defun frame-char-height &optional frame | |
689 @defunx frame-char-width &optional frame | |
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690 These functions return the height and width of a character in |
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691 @var{frame}, measured in pixels. The values depend on the choice of |
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692 font. If you don't supply @var{frame}, these functions use the selected |
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693 frame. |
6547 | 694 @end defun |
695 | |
696 @defun set-frame-size frame cols rows | |
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697 This function sets the size of @var{frame}, measured in characters; |
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698 @var{cols} and @var{rows} specify the new width and height. |
6547 | 699 |
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700 To set the size based on values measured in pixels, use |
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701 @code{frame-char-height} and @code{frame-char-width} to convert |
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702 them to units of characters. |
6547 | 703 @end defun |
704 | |
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705 @defun set-frame-height frame lines &optional pretend |
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706 This function resizes @var{frame} to a height of @var{lines} lines. The |
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707 sizes of existing windows in @var{frame} are altered proportionally to |
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708 fit. |
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709 |
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710 If @var{pretend} is non-@code{nil}, then Emacs displays @var{lines} |
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711 lines of output in @var{frame}, but does not change its value for the |
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712 actual height of the frame. This is only useful for a terminal frame. |
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713 Using a smaller height than the terminal actually implements may be |
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714 useful to reproduce behavior observed on a smaller screen, or if the |
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715 terminal malfunctions when using its whole screen. Setting the frame |
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716 height ``for real'' does not always work, because knowing the correct |
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717 actual size may be necessary for correct cursor positioning on a |
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718 terminal frame. |
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719 @end defun |
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720 |
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721 @defun set-frame-width frame width &optional pretend |
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722 This function sets the width of @var{frame}, measured in characters. |
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723 The argument @var{pretend} has the same meaning as in |
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724 @code{set-frame-height}. |
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725 @end defun |
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726 |
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727 @findex set-screen-height |
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728 @findex set-screen-width |
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729 The older functions @code{set-screen-height} and |
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730 @code{set-screen-width} were used to specify the height and width of the |
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731 screen, in Emacs versions that did not support multiple frames. They |
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732 are semi-obsolete, but still work; they apply to the selected frame. |
6547 | 733 |
734 @defun x-parse-geometry geom | |
735 @cindex geometry specification | |
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736 The function @code{x-parse-geometry} converts a standard X window |
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737 geometry string to an alist that you can use as part of the argument to |
6547 | 738 @code{make-frame}. |
739 | |
740 The alist describes which parameters were specified in @var{geom}, and | |
741 gives the values specified for them. Each element looks like | |
742 @code{(@var{parameter} . @var{value})}. The possible @var{parameter} | |
743 values are @code{left}, @code{top}, @code{width}, and @code{height}. | |
744 | |
12067 | 745 For the size parameters, the value must be an integer. The position |
746 parameter names @code{left} and @code{top} are not totally accurate, | |
747 because some values indicate the position of the right or bottom edges | |
748 instead. These are the @var{value} possibilities for the position | |
749 parameters: | |
750 | |
751 @table @asis | |
752 @item an integer | |
753 A positive integer relates the left edge or top edge of the window to | |
754 the left or top edge of the screen. A negative integer relates the | |
755 right or bottom edge of the window to the right or bottom edge of the | |
756 screen. | |
757 | |
12098 | 758 @item @code{(+ @var{position})} |
12067 | 759 This specifies the position of the left or top edge of the window |
760 relative to the left or top edge of the screen. The integer | |
761 @var{position} may be positive or negative; a negative value specifies a | |
762 position outside the screen. | |
763 | |
12098 | 764 @item @code{(- @var{position})} |
12067 | 765 This specifies the position of the right or bottom edge of the window |
766 relative to the right or bottom edge of the screen. The integer | |
767 @var{position} may be positive or negative; a negative value specifies a | |
768 position outside the screen. | |
769 @end table | |
770 | |
771 Here is an example: | |
772 | |
12098 | 773 @example |
6547 | 774 (x-parse-geometry "35x70+0-0") |
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775 @result{} ((height . 70) (width . 35) |
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776 (top - 0) (left . 0)) |
12098 | 777 @end example |
6547 | 778 @end defun |
779 | |
12067 | 780 @node Frame Titles |
781 @section Frame Titles | |
782 | |
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783 Every frame has a @code{name} parameter; this serves as the default |
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784 for the frame title which window systems typically display at the top of |
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785 the frame. You can specify a name explicitly by setting the @code{name} |
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786 frame property. |
12067 | 787 |
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788 Normally you don't specify the name explicitly, and Emacs computes the |
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789 frame name automatically based on a template stored in the variable |
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790 @code{frame-title-format}. Emacs recomputes the name each time the |
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791 frame is redisplayed. |
12067 | 792 |
793 @defvar frame-title-format | |
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794 This variable specifies how to compute a name for a frame when you have |
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795 not explicitly specified one. The variable's value is actually a mode |
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796 line construct, just like @code{mode-line-format}. @xref{Mode Line |
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797 Data}. |
12067 | 798 @end defvar |
799 | |
800 @defvar icon-title-format | |
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801 This variable specifies how to compute the name for an iconified frame, |
12067 | 802 when you have not explicitly specified the frame title. This title |
803 appears in the icon itself. | |
804 @end defvar | |
805 | |
806 @defvar multiple-frames | |
807 This variable is set automatically by Emacs. Its value is @code{t} when | |
808 there are two or more frames (not counting minibuffer-only frames or | |
809 invisible frames). The default value of @code{frame-title-format} uses | |
810 @code{multiple-frames} so as to put the buffer name in the frame title | |
811 only when there is more than one frame. | |
812 @end defvar | |
813 | |
6547 | 814 @node Deleting Frames |
815 @section Deleting Frames | |
816 @cindex deletion of frames | |
817 | |
818 Frames remain potentially visible until you explicitly @dfn{delete} | |
819 them. A deleted frame cannot appear on the screen, but continues to | |
820 exist as a Lisp object until there are no references to it. There is no | |
821 way to cancel the deletion of a frame aside from restoring a saved frame | |
822 configuration (@pxref{Frame Configurations}); this is similar to the | |
823 way windows behave. | |
824 | |
26388 | 825 @deffn Command delete-frame &optional frame force |
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826 @vindex delete-frame-functions |
34015 | 827 This function deletes the frame @var{frame} after running the hook |
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828 @code{delete-frame-functions} (each function gets one argument, |
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829 @var{frame}). By default, @var{frame} is the selected frame. |
26388 | 830 |
831 A frame cannot be deleted if its minibuffer is used by other frames. | |
832 Normally, you cannot delete a frame if all other frames are invisible, | |
833 but if the @var{force} is non-@code{nil}, then you are allowed to do so. | |
6547 | 834 @end deffn |
835 | |
836 @defun frame-live-p frame | |
837 The function @code{frame-live-p} returns non-@code{nil} if the frame | |
838 @var{frame} has not been deleted. | |
839 @end defun | |
840 | |
12067 | 841 Some window managers provide a command to delete a window. These work |
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842 by sending a special message to the program that operates the window. |
12067 | 843 When Emacs gets one of these commands, it generates a |
844 @code{delete-frame} event, whose normal definition is a command that | |
845 calls the function @code{delete-frame}. @xref{Misc Events}. | |
846 | |
6547 | 847 @node Finding All Frames |
848 @section Finding All Frames | |
849 | |
850 @defun frame-list | |
851 The function @code{frame-list} returns a list of all the frames that | |
852 have not been deleted. It is analogous to @code{buffer-list} for | |
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853 buffers, and includes frames on all terminals. The list that you get is |
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854 newly created, so modifying the list doesn't have any effect on the |
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855 internals of Emacs. |
6547 | 856 @end defun |
857 | |
858 @defun visible-frame-list | |
859 This function returns a list of just the currently visible frames. | |
12067 | 860 @xref{Visibility of Frames}. (Terminal frames always count as |
861 ``visible'', even though only the selected one is actually displayed.) | |
6547 | 862 @end defun |
863 | |
864 @defun next-frame &optional frame minibuf | |
865 The function @code{next-frame} lets you cycle conveniently through all | |
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866 the frames on the current display from an arbitrary starting point. It |
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867 returns the ``next'' frame after @var{frame} in the cycle. If |
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868 @var{frame} is omitted or @code{nil}, it defaults to the selected frame |
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869 (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
6547 | 870 |
871 The second argument, @var{minibuf}, says which frames to consider: | |
872 | |
873 @table @asis | |
874 @item @code{nil} | |
875 Exclude minibuffer-only frames. | |
876 @item @code{visible} | |
877 Consider all visible frames. | |
12098 | 878 @item 0 |
879 Consider all visible or iconified frames. | |
6547 | 880 @item a window |
881 Consider only the frames using that particular window as their | |
882 minibuffer. | |
883 @item anything else | |
884 Consider all frames. | |
885 @end table | |
886 @end defun | |
887 | |
888 @defun previous-frame &optional frame minibuf | |
889 Like @code{next-frame}, but cycles through all frames in the opposite | |
890 direction. | |
891 @end defun | |
892 | |
12098 | 893 See also @code{next-window} and @code{previous-window}, in @ref{Cyclic |
894 Window Ordering}. | |
895 | |
6547 | 896 @node Frames and Windows |
897 @section Frames and Windows | |
898 | |
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899 Each window is part of one and only one frame; you can get the frame |
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900 with @code{window-frame}. |
6547 | 901 |
902 @defun window-frame window | |
903 This function returns the frame that @var{window} is on. | |
904 @end defun | |
905 | |
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906 All the non-minibuffer windows in a frame are arranged in a cyclic |
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907 order. The order runs from the frame's top window, which is at the |
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908 upper left corner, down and to the right, until it reaches the window at |
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909 the lower right corner (always the minibuffer window, if the frame has |
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910 one), and then it moves back to the top. @xref{Cyclic Window Ordering}. |
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911 |
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912 @defun frame-first-window frame |
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913 This returns the topmost, leftmost window of frame @var{frame}. |
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914 @end defun |
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915 |
6547 | 916 At any time, exactly one window on any frame is @dfn{selected within the |
917 frame}. The significance of this designation is that selecting the | |
918 frame also selects this window. You can get the frame's current | |
919 selected window with @code{frame-selected-window}. | |
920 | |
921 @defun frame-selected-window frame | |
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922 This function returns the window on @var{frame} that is selected within |
6547 | 923 @var{frame}. |
924 @end defun | |
925 | |
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926 @defun set-frame-selected-window frame window |
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927 This sets the selected window of frame @var{frame} to @var{window}. |
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928 If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, it operates on the selected frame. If |
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929 @var{frame} is the selected frame, this makes @var{window} the |
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930 selected window. |
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931 @end defun |
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932 |
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933 Conversely, selecting a window for Emacs with @code{select-window} also |
6547 | 934 makes that window selected within its frame. @xref{Selecting Windows}. |
935 | |
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936 @defun frame-root-window frame |
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937 This function returns the window at the top left corner of @var{frame}. |
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938 @end defun |
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939 |
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940 Another function that (usually) returns one of the windows in a given |
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941 frame is @code{minibuffer-window}. @xref{Minibuffer Misc}. |
12098 | 942 |
6547 | 943 @node Minibuffers and Frames |
944 @section Minibuffers and Frames | |
945 | |
946 Normally, each frame has its own minibuffer window at the bottom, which | |
947 is used whenever that frame is selected. If the frame has a minibuffer, | |
948 you can get it with @code{minibuffer-window} (@pxref{Minibuffer Misc}). | |
949 | |
950 However, you can also create a frame with no minibuffer. Such a frame | |
951 must use the minibuffer window of some other frame. When you create the | |
12098 | 952 frame, you can specify explicitly the minibuffer window to use (in some |
953 other frame). If you don't, then the minibuffer is found in the frame | |
954 which is the value of the variable @code{default-minibuffer-frame}. Its | |
955 value should be a frame that does have a minibuffer. | |
6547 | 956 |
957 If you use a minibuffer-only frame, you might want that frame to raise | |
958 when you enter the minibuffer. If so, set the variable | |
959 @code{minibuffer-auto-raise} to @code{t}. @xref{Raising and Lowering}. | |
960 | |
12067 | 961 @defvar default-minibuffer-frame |
962 This variable specifies the frame to use for the minibuffer window, by | |
12098 | 963 default. It is always local to the current terminal and cannot be |
12067 | 964 buffer-local. @xref{Multiple Displays}. |
965 @end defvar | |
966 | |
6547 | 967 @node Input Focus |
968 @section Input Focus | |
969 @cindex input focus | |
970 @cindex selected frame | |
971 | |
972 At any time, one frame in Emacs is the @dfn{selected frame}. The selected | |
973 window always resides on the selected frame. | |
974 | |
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975 When Emacs displays its frames on several terminals (@pxref{Multiple |
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976 Displays}), each terminal has its own selected frame. But only one of |
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977 these is ``@emph{the} selected frame'': it's the frame that belongs to |
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978 the terminal from which the most recent input came. That is, when Emacs |
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979 runs a command that came from a certain terminal, the selected frame is |
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980 the one of that terminal. Since Emacs runs only a single command at any |
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981 given time, it needs to consider only one selected frame at a time; this |
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982 frame is what we call @dfn{the selected frame} in this manual. The |
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983 display on which the selected frame is displayed is the @dfn{selected |
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984 frame's display}. |
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985 |
6547 | 986 @defun selected-frame |
987 This function returns the selected frame. | |
988 @end defun | |
989 | |
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990 Some window systems and window managers direct keyboard input to the |
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991 window object that the mouse is in; others require explicit clicks or |
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992 commands to @dfn{shift the focus} to various window objects. Either |
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993 way, Emacs automatically keeps track of which frame has the focus. |
6547 | 994 |
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995 Lisp programs can also switch frames ``temporarily'' by calling the |
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996 function @code{select-frame}. This does not alter the window system's |
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997 concept of focus; rather, it escapes from the window manager's control |
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998 until that control is somehow reasserted. |
6547 | 999 |
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1000 When using a text-only terminal, only the selected terminal frame is |
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1001 actually displayed on the terminal. @code{switch-frame} is the only way |
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1002 to switch frames, and the change lasts until overridden by a subsequent |
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1003 call to @code{switch-frame}. Each terminal screen except for the |
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1004 initial one has a number, and the number of the selected frame appears |
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1005 in the mode line before the buffer name (@pxref{Mode Line Variables}). |
12067 | 1006 |
6547 | 1007 @c ??? This is not yet implemented properly. |
1008 @defun select-frame frame | |
1009 This function selects frame @var{frame}, temporarily disregarding the | |
12067 | 1010 focus of the X server if any. The selection of @var{frame} lasts until |
1011 the next time the user does something to select a different frame, or | |
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1012 until the next time this function is called. The specified @var{frame} |
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1013 becomes the selected frame, as explained above, and the terminal that |
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1014 @var{frame} is on becomes the selected terminal. |
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1015 |
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1016 In general, you should never use @code{select-frame} in a way that could |
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1017 switch to a different terminal without switching back when you're done. |
6547 | 1018 @end defun |
1019 | |
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1020 Emacs cooperates with the window system by arranging to select frames as |
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1021 the server and window manager request. It does so by generating a |
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1022 special kind of input event, called a @dfn{focus} event, when |
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1023 appropriate. The command loop handles a focus event by calling |
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1024 @code{handle-switch-frame}. @xref{Focus Events}. |
6547 | 1025 |
1026 @deffn Command handle-switch-frame frame | |
1027 This function handles a focus event by selecting frame @var{frame}. | |
1028 | |
1029 Focus events normally do their job by invoking this command. | |
1030 Don't call it for any other reason. | |
1031 @end deffn | |
1032 | |
1033 @defun redirect-frame-focus frame focus-frame | |
1034 This function redirects focus from @var{frame} to @var{focus-frame}. | |
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1035 This means that @var{focus-frame} will receive subsequent keystrokes and |
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1036 events intended for @var{frame}. After such an event, the value of |
6547 | 1037 @code{last-event-frame} will be @var{focus-frame}. Also, switch-frame |
1038 events specifying @var{frame} will instead select @var{focus-frame}. | |
1039 | |
1040 If @var{focus-frame} is @code{nil}, that cancels any existing | |
1041 redirection for @var{frame}, which therefore once again receives its own | |
1042 events. | |
1043 | |
1044 One use of focus redirection is for frames that don't have minibuffers. | |
1045 These frames use minibuffers on other frames. Activating a minibuffer | |
1046 on another frame redirects focus to that frame. This puts the focus on | |
1047 the minibuffer's frame, where it belongs, even though the mouse remains | |
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1048 in the frame that activated the minibuffer. |
6547 | 1049 |
1050 Selecting a frame can also change focus redirections. Selecting frame | |
1051 @code{bar}, when @code{foo} had been selected, changes any redirections | |
1052 pointing to @code{foo} so that they point to @code{bar} instead. This | |
1053 allows focus redirection to work properly when the user switches from | |
1054 one frame to another using @code{select-window}. | |
1055 | |
1056 This means that a frame whose focus is redirected to itself is treated | |
1057 differently from a frame whose focus is not redirected. | |
1058 @code{select-frame} affects the former but not the latter. | |
1059 | |
1060 The redirection lasts until @code{redirect-frame-focus} is called to | |
1061 change it. | |
1062 @end defun | |
1063 | |
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1064 @defopt focus-follows-mouse |
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1065 This option is how you inform Emacs whether the window manager transfers |
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1066 focus when the user moves the mouse. Non-@code{nil} says that it does. |
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1067 When this is so, the command @code{other-frame} moves the mouse to a |
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1068 position consistent with the new selected frame. |
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1069 @end defopt |
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1070 |
6547 | 1071 @node Visibility of Frames |
1072 @section Visibility of Frames | |
1073 @cindex visible frame | |
1074 @cindex invisible frame | |
1075 @cindex iconified frame | |
1076 @cindex frame visibility | |
1077 | |
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1078 A window frame may be @dfn{visible}, @dfn{invisible}, or |
12067 | 1079 @dfn{iconified}. If it is visible, you can see its contents. If it is |
1080 iconified, the frame's contents do not appear on the screen, but an icon | |
1081 does. If the frame is invisible, it doesn't show on the screen, not | |
1082 even as an icon. | |
1083 | |
1084 Visibility is meaningless for terminal frames, since only the selected | |
1085 one is actually displayed in any case. | |
6547 | 1086 |
1087 @deffn Command make-frame-visible &optional frame | |
1088 This function makes frame @var{frame} visible. If you omit @var{frame}, | |
1089 it makes the selected frame visible. | |
1090 @end deffn | |
1091 | |
1092 @deffn Command make-frame-invisible &optional frame | |
1093 This function makes frame @var{frame} invisible. If you omit | |
1094 @var{frame}, it makes the selected frame invisible. | |
1095 @end deffn | |
1096 | |
1097 @deffn Command iconify-frame &optional frame | |
1098 This function iconifies frame @var{frame}. If you omit @var{frame}, it | |
1099 iconifies the selected frame. | |
1100 @end deffn | |
1101 | |
1102 @defun frame-visible-p frame | |
1103 This returns the visibility status of frame @var{frame}. The value is | |
1104 @code{t} if @var{frame} is visible, @code{nil} if it is invisible, and | |
1105 @code{icon} if it is iconified. | |
1106 @end defun | |
1107 | |
1108 The visibility status of a frame is also available as a frame | |
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1109 parameter. You can read or change it as such. @xref{Window Frame |
6547 | 1110 Parameters}. |
1111 | |
12067 | 1112 The user can iconify and deiconify frames with the window manager. |
1113 This happens below the level at which Emacs can exert any control, but | |
1114 Emacs does provide events that you can use to keep track of such | |
1115 changes. @xref{Misc Events}. | |
1116 | |
6547 | 1117 @node Raising and Lowering |
1118 @section Raising and Lowering Frames | |
1119 | |
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1120 Most window systems use a desktop metaphor. Part of this metaphor is |
6547 | 1121 the idea that windows are stacked in a notional third dimension |
1122 perpendicular to the screen surface, and thus ordered from ``highest'' | |
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1123 to ``lowest''. Where two windows overlap, the one higher up covers |
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1124 the one underneath. Even a window at the bottom of the stack can be |
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1125 seen if no other window overlaps it. |
6547 | 1126 |
1127 @cindex raising a frame | |
1128 @cindex lowering a frame | |
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1129 A window's place in this ordering is not fixed; in fact, users tend |
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1130 to change the order frequently. @dfn{Raising} a window means moving |
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1131 it ``up'', to the top of the stack. @dfn{Lowering} a window means |
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1132 moving it to the bottom of the stack. This motion is in the notional |
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1133 third dimension only, and does not change the position of the window |
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1134 on the screen. |
6547 | 1135 |
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1136 You can raise and lower Emacs frame Windows with these functions: |
6547 | 1137 |
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1138 @deffn Command raise-frame &optional frame |
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1139 This function raises frame @var{frame} (default, the selected frame). |
12067 | 1140 @end deffn |
6547 | 1141 |
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1142 @deffn Command lower-frame &optional frame |
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1143 This function lowers frame @var{frame} (default, the selected frame). |
12067 | 1144 @end deffn |
6547 | 1145 |
1146 @defopt minibuffer-auto-raise | |
1147 If this is non-@code{nil}, activation of the minibuffer raises the frame | |
1148 that the minibuffer window is in. | |
1149 @end defopt | |
1150 | |
1151 You can also enable auto-raise (raising automatically when a frame is | |
1152 selected) or auto-lower (lowering automatically when it is deselected) | |
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1153 for any frame using frame parameters. @xref{Window Frame Parameters}. |
6547 | 1154 |
1155 @node Frame Configurations | |
1156 @section Frame Configurations | |
1157 @cindex frame configuration | |
1158 | |
1159 A @dfn{frame configuration} records the current arrangement of frames, | |
1160 all their properties, and the window configuration of each one. | |
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1161 (@xref{Window Configurations}.) |
6547 | 1162 |
1163 @defun current-frame-configuration | |
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1164 This function returns a frame configuration list that describes |
6547 | 1165 the current arrangement of frames and their contents. |
1166 @end defun | |
1167 | |
26388 | 1168 @defun set-frame-configuration configuration &optional nodelete |
6547 | 1169 This function restores the state of frames described in |
1170 @var{configuration}. | |
26388 | 1171 |
1172 Ordinarily, this function deletes all existing frames not listed in | |
1173 @var{configuration}. But if @var{nodelete} is non-@code{nil}, the | |
1174 unwanted frames are iconified instead. | |
6547 | 1175 @end defun |
1176 | |
1177 @node Mouse Tracking | |
1178 @section Mouse Tracking | |
1179 @cindex mouse tracking | |
1180 @cindex tracking the mouse | |
1181 | |
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1182 Sometimes it is useful to @dfn{track} the mouse, which means to display |
6547 | 1183 something to indicate where the mouse is and move the indicator as the |
1184 mouse moves. For efficient mouse tracking, you need a way to wait until | |
1185 the mouse actually moves. | |
1186 | |
1187 The convenient way to track the mouse is to ask for events to represent | |
1188 mouse motion. Then you can wait for motion by waiting for an event. In | |
1189 addition, you can easily handle any other sorts of events that may | |
1190 occur. That is useful, because normally you don't want to track the | |
1191 mouse forever---only until some other event, such as the release of a | |
1192 button. | |
1193 | |
1194 @defspec track-mouse body@dots{} | |
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1195 This special form executes @var{body}, with generation of mouse motion |
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1196 events enabled. Typically @var{body} would use @code{read-event} to |
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1197 read the motion events and modify the display accordingly. @xref{Motion |
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1198 Events}, for the format of mouse motion events. |
6547 | 1199 |
1200 The value of @code{track-mouse} is that of the last form in @var{body}. | |
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1201 You should design @var{body} to return when it sees the up-event that |
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1202 indicates the release of the button, or whatever kind of event means |
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1203 it is time to stop tracking. |
6547 | 1204 @end defspec |
1205 | |
1206 The usual purpose of tracking mouse motion is to indicate on the screen | |
1207 the consequences of pushing or releasing a button at the current | |
1208 position. | |
1209 | |
12098 | 1210 In many cases, you can avoid the need to track the mouse by using |
1211 the @code{mouse-face} text property (@pxref{Special Properties}). | |
1212 That works at a much lower level and runs more smoothly than | |
1213 Lisp-level mouse tracking. | |
1214 | |
6547 | 1215 @ignore |
1216 @c These are not implemented yet. | |
1217 | |
1218 These functions change the screen appearance instantaneously. The | |
1219 effect is transient, only until the next ordinary Emacs redisplay. That | |
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1220 is OK for mouse tracking, since it doesn't make sense for mouse tracking |
6547 | 1221 to change the text, and the body of @code{track-mouse} normally reads |
1222 the events itself and does not do redisplay. | |
1223 | |
1224 @defun x-contour-region window beg end | |
1225 This function draws lines to make a box around the text from @var{beg} | |
1226 to @var{end}, in window @var{window}. | |
1227 @end defun | |
1228 | |
1229 @defun x-uncontour-region window beg end | |
1230 This function erases the lines that would make a box around the text | |
1231 from @var{beg} to @var{end}, in window @var{window}. Use it to remove | |
1232 a contour that you previously made by calling @code{x-contour-region}. | |
1233 @end defun | |
1234 | |
1235 @defun x-draw-rectangle frame left top right bottom | |
1236 This function draws a hollow rectangle on frame @var{frame} with the | |
1237 specified edge coordinates, all measured in pixels from the inside top | |
1238 left corner. It uses the cursor color, the one used for indicating the | |
1239 location of point. | |
1240 @end defun | |
1241 | |
1242 @defun x-erase-rectangle frame left top right bottom | |
1243 This function erases a hollow rectangle on frame @var{frame} with the | |
1244 specified edge coordinates, all measured in pixels from the inside top | |
1245 left corner. Erasure means redrawing the text and background that | |
1246 normally belong in the specified rectangle. | |
1247 @end defun | |
1248 @end ignore | |
1249 | |
1250 @node Mouse Position | |
1251 @section Mouse Position | |
1252 @cindex mouse position | |
1253 @cindex position of mouse | |
1254 | |
1255 The functions @code{mouse-position} and @code{set-mouse-position} | |
1256 give access to the current position of the mouse. | |
1257 | |
1258 @defun mouse-position | |
1259 This function returns a description of the position of the mouse. The | |
1260 value looks like @code{(@var{frame} @var{x} . @var{y})}, where @var{x} | |
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1261 and @var{y} are integers giving the position in characters relative to |
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1262 the top left corner of the inside of @var{frame}. |
6547 | 1263 @end defun |
1264 | |
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1265 @defvar mouse-position-function |
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1266 If non-@code{nil}, the value of this variable is a function for |
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1267 @code{mouse-position} to call. @code{mouse-position} calls this |
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1268 function just before returning, with its normal return value as the |
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1269 sole argument, and it returns whatever this function returns to it. |
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1270 |
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1271 This abnormal hook exists for the benefit of packages like |
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1272 @file{xt-mouse.el} that need to do mouse handling at the Lisp level. |
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1273 @end defvar |
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1274 |
6547 | 1275 @defun set-mouse-position frame x y |
1276 This function @dfn{warps the mouse} to position @var{x}, @var{y} in | |
1277 frame @var{frame}. The arguments @var{x} and @var{y} are integers, | |
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1278 giving the position in characters relative to the top left corner of the |
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1279 inside of @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is not visible, this function |
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1280 does nothing. The return value is not significant. |
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1281 @end defun |
6547 | 1282 |
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1283 @defun mouse-pixel-position |
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1284 This function is like @code{mouse-position} except that it returns |
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1285 coordinates in units of pixels rather than units of characters. |
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1286 @end defun |
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1287 |
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1288 @defun set-mouse-pixel-position frame x y |
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1289 This function warps the mouse like @code{set-mouse-position} except that |
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1290 @var{x} and @var{y} are in units of pixels rather than units of |
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1291 characters. These coordinates are not required to be within the frame. |
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1292 |
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1293 If @var{frame} is not visible, this function does nothing. The return |
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1294 value is not significant. |
6547 | 1295 @end defun |
1296 | |
1297 @need 3000 | |
1298 | |
1299 @node Pop-Up Menus | |
1300 @section Pop-Up Menus | |
1301 | |
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1302 When using a window system, a Lisp program can pop up a menu so that |
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1303 the user can choose an alternative with the mouse. |
12067 | 1304 |
6547 | 1305 @defun x-popup-menu position menu |
1306 This function displays a pop-up menu and returns an indication of | |
1307 what selection the user makes. | |
1308 | |
1309 The argument @var{position} specifies where on the screen to put the | |
1310 menu. It can be either a mouse button event (which says to put the menu | |
1311 where the user actuated the button) or a list of this form: | |
1312 | |
1313 @example | |
1314 ((@var{xoffset} @var{yoffset}) @var{window}) | |
1315 @end example | |
1316 | |
1317 @noindent | |
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1318 where @var{xoffset} and @var{yoffset} are coordinates, measured in |
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1319 pixels, counting from the top left corner of @var{window}'s frame. |
6547 | 1320 |
1321 If @var{position} is @code{t}, it means to use the current mouse | |
1322 position. If @var{position} is @code{nil}, it means to precompute the | |
1323 key binding equivalents for the keymaps specified in @var{menu}, | |
1324 without actually displaying or popping up the menu. | |
1325 | |
1326 The argument @var{menu} says what to display in the menu. It can be a | |
1327 keymap or a list of keymaps (@pxref{Menu Keymaps}). Alternatively, it | |
1328 can have the following form: | |
1329 | |
1330 @example | |
1331 (@var{title} @var{pane1} @var{pane2}...) | |
1332 @end example | |
1333 | |
1334 @noindent | |
1335 where each pane is a list of form | |
1336 | |
1337 @example | |
12098 | 1338 (@var{title} (@var{line} . @var{item})...) |
6547 | 1339 @end example |
1340 | |
1341 Each @var{line} should be a string, and each @var{item} should be the | |
1342 value to return if that @var{line} is chosen. | |
1343 @end defun | |
1344 | |
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1345 @strong{Usage note:} Don't use @code{x-popup-menu} to display a menu |
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1346 if you could do the job with a prefix key defined with a menu keymap. |
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1347 If you use a menu keymap to implement a menu, @kbd{C-h c} and @kbd{C-h |
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1348 a} can see the individual items in that menu and provide help for them. |
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1349 If instead you implement the menu by defining a command that calls |
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1350 @code{x-popup-menu}, the help facilities cannot know what happens inside |
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1351 that command, so they cannot give any help for the menu's items. |
14200
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1352 |
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1353 The menu bar mechanism, which lets you switch between submenus by |
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1354 moving the mouse, cannot look within the definition of a command to see |
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1355 that it calls @code{x-popup-menu}. Therefore, if you try to implement a |
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1356 submenu using @code{x-popup-menu}, it cannot work with the menu bar in |
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1357 an integrated fashion. This is why all menu bar submenus are |
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1358 implemented with menu keymaps within the parent menu, and never with |
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1359 @code{x-popup-menu}. @xref{Menu Bar}, |
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1360 |
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1361 If you want a menu bar submenu to have contents that vary, you should |
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1362 still use a menu keymap to implement it. To make the contents vary, add |
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1363 a hook function to @code{menu-bar-update-hook} to update the contents of |
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1364 the menu keymap as necessary. |
6547 | 1365 |
1366 @node Dialog Boxes | |
1367 @section Dialog Boxes | |
1368 @cindex dialog boxes | |
1369 | |
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1370 A dialog box is a variant of a pop-up menu---it looks a little |
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1371 different, it always appears in the center of a frame, and it has just |
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1372 one level and one pane. The main use of dialog boxes is for asking |
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1373 questions that the user can answer with ``yes'', ``no'', and a few other |
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1374 alternatives. The functions @code{y-or-n-p} and @code{yes-or-no-p} use |
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1375 dialog boxes instead of the keyboard, when called from commands invoked |
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1376 by mouse clicks. |
6547 | 1377 |
1378 @defun x-popup-dialog position contents | |
1379 This function displays a pop-up dialog box and returns an indication of | |
1380 what selection the user makes. The argument @var{contents} specifies | |
1381 the alternatives to offer; it has this format: | |
1382 | |
1383 @example | |
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1384 (@var{title} (@var{string} . @var{value})@dots{}) |
6547 | 1385 @end example |
1386 | |
1387 @noindent | |
1388 which looks like the list that specifies a single pane for | |
1389 @code{x-popup-menu}. | |
1390 | |
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1391 The return value is @var{value} from the chosen alternative. |
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1392 |
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1393 An element of the list may be just a string instead of a cons cell |
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1394 @code{(@var{string} . @var{value})}. That makes a box that cannot |
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1395 be selected. |
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1396 |
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1397 If @code{nil} appears in the list, it separates the left-hand items from |
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1398 the right-hand items; items that precede the @code{nil} appear on the |
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1399 left, and items that follow the @code{nil} appear on the right. If you |
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1400 don't include a @code{nil} in the list, then approximately half the |
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1401 items appear on each side. |
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1402 |
6547 | 1403 Dialog boxes always appear in the center of a frame; the argument |
1404 @var{position} specifies which frame. The possible values are as in | |
1405 @code{x-popup-menu}, but the precise coordinates don't matter; only the | |
1406 frame matters. | |
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1407 |
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1408 In some configurations, Emacs cannot display a real dialog box; so |
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1409 instead it displays the same items in a pop-up menu in the center of the |
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1410 frame. |
6547 | 1411 @end defun |
1412 | |
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1413 @node Pointer Shapes |
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1414 @section Pointer Shapes |
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1415 @cindex pointer shape |
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1416 @cindex mouse pointer shape |
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1417 |
12067 | 1418 These variables specify which shape to use for the mouse pointer in |
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1419 various situations, when using the X Window System: |
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1420 |
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1421 @table @code |
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1422 @item x-pointer-shape |
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1423 @vindex x-pointer-shape |
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1424 This variable specifies the pointer shape to use ordinarily in the Emacs |
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1425 frame. |
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1426 |
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1427 @item x-sensitive-text-pointer-shape |
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1428 @vindex x-sensitive-text-pointer-shape |
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1429 This variable specifies the pointer shape to use when the mouse |
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1430 is over mouse-sensitive text. |
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1431 @end table |
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1432 |
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1433 These variables affect newly created frames. They do not normally |
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1434 affect existing frames; however, if you set the mouse color of a frame, |
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1435 that also updates its pointer shapes based on the current values of |
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1436 these variables. @xref{Window Frame Parameters}. |
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1437 |
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1438 The values you can use, to specify either of these pointer shapes, are |
15061 | 1439 defined in the file @file{lisp/term/x-win.el}. Use @kbd{M-x apropos |
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1440 @key{RET} x-pointer @key{RET}} to see a list of them. |
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1441 |
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1442 @node Window System Selections |
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1443 @section Window System Selections |
35476 | 1444 @cindex selection (for window systems) |
6547 | 1445 |
1446 The X server records a set of @dfn{selections} which permit transfer of | |
1447 data between application programs. The various selections are | |
1448 distinguished by @dfn{selection types}, represented in Emacs by | |
1449 symbols. X clients including Emacs can read or set the selection for | |
1450 any given type. | |
1451 | |
1452 @defun x-set-selection type data | |
1453 This function sets a ``selection'' in the X server. It takes two | |
1454 arguments: a selection type @var{type}, and the value to assign to it, | |
1455 @var{data}. If @var{data} is @code{nil}, it means to clear out the | |
1456 selection. Otherwise, @var{data} may be a string, a symbol, an integer | |
1457 (or a cons of two integers or list of two integers), an overlay, or a | |
1458 cons of two markers pointing to the same buffer. An overlay or a pair | |
1459 of markers stands for text in the overlay or between the markers. | |
1460 | |
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1461 The argument @var{data} may also be a vector of valid non-vector |
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1462 selection values. |
6547 | 1463 |
1464 Each possible @var{type} has its own selection value, which changes | |
1465 independently. The usual values of @var{type} are @code{PRIMARY} and | |
1466 @code{SECONDARY}; these are symbols with upper-case names, in accord | |
1467 with X Window System conventions. The default is @code{PRIMARY}. | |
1468 @end defun | |
1469 | |
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1470 @defun x-get-selection &optional type data-type |
6547 | 1471 This function accesses selections set up by Emacs or by other X |
1472 clients. It takes two optional arguments, @var{type} and | |
1473 @var{data-type}. The default for @var{type}, the selection type, is | |
1474 @code{PRIMARY}. | |
1475 | |
1476 The @var{data-type} argument specifies the form of data conversion to | |
1477 use, to convert the raw data obtained from another X client into Lisp | |
1478 data. Meaningful values include @code{TEXT}, @code{STRING}, | |
1479 @code{TARGETS}, @code{LENGTH}, @code{DELETE}, @code{FILE_NAME}, | |
1480 @code{CHARACTER_POSITION}, @code{LINE_NUMBER}, @code{COLUMN_NUMBER}, | |
1481 @code{OWNER_OS}, @code{HOST_NAME}, @code{USER}, @code{CLASS}, | |
1482 @code{NAME}, @code{ATOM}, and @code{INTEGER}. (These are symbols with | |
1483 upper-case names in accord with X conventions.) The default for | |
1484 @var{data-type} is @code{STRING}. | |
1485 @end defun | |
1486 | |
1487 @cindex cut buffer | |
1488 The X server also has a set of numbered @dfn{cut buffers} which can | |
1489 store text or other data being moved between applications. Cut buffers | |
1490 are considered obsolete, but Emacs supports them for the sake of X | |
1491 clients that still use them. | |
1492 | |
1493 @defun x-get-cut-buffer n | |
1494 This function returns the contents of cut buffer number @var{n}. | |
1495 @end defun | |
1496 | |
26388 | 1497 @defun x-set-cut-buffer string &optional push |
6547 | 1498 This function stores @var{string} into the first cut buffer (cut buffer |
26388 | 1499 0). If @var{push} is @code{nil}, only the first cut buffer is changed. |
1500 If @var{push} is non-@code{nil}, that says to move the values down | |
1501 through the series of cut buffers, much like the way successive kills in | |
1502 Emacs move down the kill ring. In other words, the previous value of | |
1503 the first cut buffer moves into the second cut buffer, and the second to | |
1504 the third, and so on through all eight cut buffers. | |
6547 | 1505 @end defun |
1506 | |
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1507 @defvar selection-coding-system |
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1508 This variable specifies the coding system to use when reading and |
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1509 writing selections, the clipboard, or a cut buffer. @xref{Coding |
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1510 Systems}. The default is @code{compound-text-with-extensions}, which |
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1511 converts to the text representation that X11 normally uses. |
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1512 @end defvar |
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1513 |
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1514 @cindex clipboard support (for MS-Windows) |
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1515 When Emacs runs on MS-Windows, it does not implement X selections in |
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1516 general, but it does support the clipboard. @code{x-get-selection} |
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1517 and @code{x-set-selection} on MS-Windows support the text data type |
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1518 only; if the clipboard holds other types of data, Emacs treats the |
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1519 clipboard as empty. |
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1520 |
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1521 @defopt x-select-enable-clipboard |
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1522 If this is non-@code{nil}, the Emacs yank functions consult the |
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1523 clipboard before the primary selection, and the kill functions store in |
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1524 the clipboard as well as the primary selection. Otherwise they do not |
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1525 access the clipboard at all. The default is @code{nil} on most systems, |
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1526 but @code{t} on MS-Windows. |
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1527 @end defopt |
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1528 |
12098 | 1529 @node Color Names |
1530 @section Color Names | |
6547 | 1531 |
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1532 These functions provide a way to determine which color names are |
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1533 valid, and what they look like. In some cases, the value depends on the |
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1534 @dfn{selected frame}, as described below; see @ref{Input Focus}, for the |
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1535 meaning of the term ``selected frame''. |
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1536 |
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1537 @defun color-defined-p color &optional frame |
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1538 @tindex color-defined-p |
8712 | 1539 This function reports whether a color name is meaningful. It returns |
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1540 @code{t} if so; otherwise, @code{nil}. The argument @var{frame} says |
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1541 which frame's display to ask about; if @var{frame} is omitted or |
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1542 @code{nil}, the selected frame is used. |
8712 | 1543 |
1544 Note that this does not tell you whether the display you are using | |
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1545 really supports that color. When using X, you can ask for any defined |
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1546 color on any kind of display, and you will get some result---typically, |
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1547 the closest it can do. To determine whether a frame can really display |
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1548 a certain color, use @code{color-supported-p} (see below). |
8712 | 1549 |
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1550 @findex x-color-defined-p |
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1551 This function used to be called @code{x-color-defined-p}, |
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1552 and that name is still supported as an alias. |
8712 | 1553 @end defun |
6547 | 1554 |
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1555 @defun defined-colors &optional frame |
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1556 @tindex defined-colors |
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1557 This function returns a list of the color names that are defined |
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1558 and supported on frame @var{frame} (default, the selected frame). |
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1559 |
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1560 @findex x-defined-colors |
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1561 This function used to be called @code{x-defined-colors}, |
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1562 and that name is still supported as an alias. |
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1563 @end defun |
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1564 |
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1565 @defun color-supported-p color &optional frame background-p |
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1566 @tindex color-supported-p |
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1567 This returns @code{t} if @var{frame} can really display the color |
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1568 @var{color} (or at least something close to it). If @var{frame} is |
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1569 omitted or @code{nil}, the question applies to the selected frame. |
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1570 |
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1571 Some terminals support a different set of colors for foreground and |
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1572 background. If @var{background-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means you are |
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1573 asking whether @var{color} can be used as a background; otherwise you |
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1574 are asking whether it can be used as a foreground. |
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1575 |
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1576 The argument @var{color} must be a valid color name. |
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1577 @end defun |
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1578 |
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1579 @defun color-gray-p color &optional frame |
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1580 @tindex color-gray-p |
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1581 This returns @code{t} if @var{color} is a shade of gray, as defined on |
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1582 @var{frame}'s display. If @var{frame} is omitted or @code{nil}, the |
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1583 question applies to the selected frame. The argument @var{color} must |
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1584 be a valid color name. |
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1585 @end defun |
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1586 |
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1587 @defun color-values color &optional frame |
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1588 @tindex color-values |
8712 | 1589 This function returns a value that describes what @var{color} should |
1590 ideally look like. If @var{color} is defined, the value is a list of | |
1591 three integers, which give the amount of red, the amount of green, and | |
1592 the amount of blue. Each integer ranges in principle from 0 to 65535, | |
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1593 but in practice no value seems to be above 65280. This kind |
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1594 of three-element list is called an @dfn{rgb value}. |
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1595 |
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1596 If @var{color} is not defined, the value is @code{nil}. |
8712 | 1597 |
1598 @example | |
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1599 (color-values "black") |
8712 | 1600 @result{} (0 0 0) |
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1601 (color-values "white") |
8712 | 1602 @result{} (65280 65280 65280) |
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1603 (color-values "red") |
8712 | 1604 @result{} (65280 0 0) |
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1605 (color-values "pink") |
8712 | 1606 @result{} (65280 49152 51968) |
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1607 (color-values "hungry") |
8712 | 1608 @result{} nil |
1609 @end example | |
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1610 |
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1611 The color values are returned for @var{frame}'s display. If @var{frame} |
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1612 is omitted or @code{nil}, the information is returned for the selected |
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1613 frame's display. |
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1614 |
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1615 @findex x-color-values |
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1616 This function used to be called @code{x-color-values}, |
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1617 and that name is still supported as an alias. |
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1618 @end defun |
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1619 |
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1620 @node Text Terminal Colors |
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1621 @section Text Terminal Colors |
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1622 @cindex colors on text-only terminals |
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1623 |
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1624 Emacs can display color on text-only terminals, starting with version |
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1625 21. These terminals usually support only a small number of colors, and |
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1626 the computer uses small integers to select colors on the terminal. This |
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1627 means that the computer cannot reliably tell what the selected color |
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1628 looks like; instead, you have to inform your application which small |
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1629 integers correspond to which colors. However, Emacs does know the |
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1630 standard set of colors and will try to use them automatically. |
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1631 |
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1632 The functions described in this section control how terminal colors |
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1633 are used by Emacs. |
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1634 |
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1635 @cindex rgb value |
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1636 Several of these functions use or return @dfn{rgb values}. An rgb |
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1637 value is a list of three integers, which give the amount of red, the |
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1638 amount of green, and the amount of blue. Each integer ranges in |
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1639 principle from 0 to 65535, but in practice the largest value used is |
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1640 65280. |
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1641 |
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1642 These functions accept a display (either a frame or the name of a |
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1643 terminal) as an optional argument. We hope in the future to make Emacs |
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1644 support more than one text-only terminal at one time; then this argument |
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1645 will specify which terminal to operate on (the default being the |
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1646 selected frame's terminal; @pxref{Input Focus}). At present, though, |
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1647 the @var{display} argument has no effect. |
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1648 |
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1649 @defun tty-color-define name number &optional rgb display |
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1650 @tindex tty-color-define |
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1651 This function associates the color name @var{name} with |
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1652 color number @var{number} on the terminal. |
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1653 |
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1654 The optional argument @var{rgb}, if specified, is an rgb value; it says |
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1655 what the color actually looks like. If you do not specify @var{rgb}, |
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1656 then this color cannot be used by @code{tty-color-approximate} to |
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1657 approximate other colors, because Emacs does not know what it looks |
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1658 like. |
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1659 @end defun |
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1660 |
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1661 @defun tty-color-clear &optional display |
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1662 @tindex tty-color-clear |
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1663 This function clears the table of defined colors for a text-only terminal. |
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1664 @end defun |
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1665 |
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1666 @defun tty-color-alist &optional display |
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1667 @tindex tty-color-alist |
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1668 This function returns an alist recording the known colors supported by a |
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1669 text-only terminal. |
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1670 |
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1671 Each element has the form @code{(@var{name} @var{number} . @var{rgb})} |
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1672 or @code{(@var{name} @var{number})}. Here, @var{name} is the color |
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1673 name, @var{number} is the number used to specify it to the terminal. |
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1674 If present, @var{rgb} is an rgb value that says what the color |
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1675 actually looks like. |
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1676 @end defun |
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1677 |
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1678 @defun tty-color-approximate rgb &optional display |
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1679 @tindex tty-color-approximate |
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1680 This function finds the closest color, among the known colors supported |
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1681 for @var{display}, to that described by the rgb value @var{rgb}. |
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1682 @end defun |
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1683 |
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1684 @defun tty-color-translate color &optional display |
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1685 @tindex tty-color-translate |
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1686 This function finds the closest color to @var{color} among the known |
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1687 colors supported for @var{display}. If the name @var{color} is not |
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1688 defined, the value is @code{nil}. |
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1689 |
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1690 @var{color} can be an X-style @code{"#@var{xxxyyyzzz}"} specification |
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1691 instead of an actual name. The format |
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1692 @code{"RGB:@var{xx}/@var{yy}/@var{zz}"} is also supported. |
6547 | 1693 @end defun |
1694 | |
1695 @node Resources | |
1696 @section X Resources | |
1697 | |
12098 | 1698 @defun x-get-resource attribute class &optional component subclass |
6547 | 1699 The function @code{x-get-resource} retrieves a resource value from the X |
1700 Windows defaults database. | |
1701 | |
1702 Resources are indexed by a combination of a @dfn{key} and a @dfn{class}. | |
1703 This function searches using a key of the form | |
8427
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1704 @samp{@var{instance}.@var{attribute}} (where @var{instance} is the name |
12098 | 1705 under which Emacs was invoked), and using @samp{Emacs.@var{class}} as |
1706 the class. | |
6547 | 1707 |
1708 The optional arguments @var{component} and @var{subclass} add to the key | |
1709 and the class, respectively. You must specify both of them or neither. | |
1710 If you specify them, the key is | |
1711 @samp{@var{instance}.@var{component}.@var{attribute}}, and the class is | |
12098 | 1712 @samp{Emacs.@var{class}.@var{subclass}}. |
6547 | 1713 @end defun |
1714 | |
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1715 @defvar x-resource-class |
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1716 This variable specifies the application name that @code{x-get-resource} |
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1717 should look up. The default value is @code{"Emacs"}. You can examine X |
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1718 resources for application names other than ``Emacs'' by binding this |
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1719 variable to some other string, around a call to @code{x-get-resource}. |
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1720 @end defvar |
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1721 |
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1722 @xref{X Resources,, X Resources, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}. |
6547 | 1723 |
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1724 @node Display Feature Testing |
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1725 @section Display Feature Testing |
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1726 @cindex display feature testing |
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1727 |
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1728 The functions in this section describe the basic capabilities of a |
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1729 particular display. Lisp programs can use them to adapt their behavior |
48700 | 1730 to what the display can do. For example, a program that ordinarily uses |
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1731 a popup menu could use the minibuffer if popup menus are not supported. |
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1732 |
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1733 The optional argument @var{display} in these functions specifies which |
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1734 display to ask the question about. It can be a display name, a frame |
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1735 (which designates the display that frame is on), or @code{nil} (which |
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1736 refers to the selected frame's display, @pxref{Input Focus}). |
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1737 |
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1738 @xref{Color Names}, @ref{Text Terminal Colors}, for other functions to |
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1739 obtain information about displays. |
6547 | 1740 |
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1741 @defun display-popup-menus-p &optional display |
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1742 @tindex display-popup-menus-p |
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1743 This function returns @code{t} if popup menus are supported on |
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1744 @var{display}, @code{nil} if not. Support for popup menus requires that |
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1745 the mouse be available, since the user cannot choose menu items without |
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1746 a mouse. |
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1747 @end defun |
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1748 |
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1749 @defun display-graphic-p &optional display |
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1750 @tindex display-graphic-p |
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1751 @cindex frames, more than one on display |
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1752 @cindex fonts, more than one on display |
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1753 This function returns @code{t} if @var{display} is a graphic display |
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1754 capable of displaying several frames and several different fonts at |
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1755 once. This is true for displays that use a window system such as X, and |
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1756 false for text-only terminals. |
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1757 @end defun |
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1758 |
27654
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1759 @defun display-mouse-p &optional display |
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1760 @tindex display-mouse-p |
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1761 @cindex mouse, availability |
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1762 This function returns @code{t} if @var{display} has a mouse available, |
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1763 @code{nil} if not. |
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1764 @end defun |
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1765 |
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1766 @defun display-color-p &optional display |
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1767 @tindex display-color-p |
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1768 @findex x-display-color-p |
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1769 This function returns @code{t} if the screen is a color screen. |
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1770 It used to be called @code{x-display-color-p}, and that name |
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1771 is still supported as an alias. |
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|
1772 @end defun |
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|
1773 |
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*** empty log message ***
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diff
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|
1774 @defun display-grayscale-p &optional display |
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
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|
1775 @tindex display-grayscale-p |
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
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|
1776 This function returns @code{t} if the screen can display shades of gray. |
27654
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parents:
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diff
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|
1777 (All color displays can do this.) |
27532
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parents:
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diff
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|
1778 @end defun |
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parents:
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diff
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|
1779 |
45744
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1780 @anchor{Display Face Attribute Testing} |
75e9d527da2b
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parents:
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diff
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|
1781 @defun display-supports-face-attributes-p attributes &optional display |
75e9d527da2b
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Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1782 @tindex display-supports-face-attributes-p |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1783 This function returns non-@code{nil} if all the face attributes in |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1784 @var{attributes} are supported (@pxref{Face Attributes}). |
75e9d527da2b
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parents:
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diff
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|
1785 |
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parents:
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diff
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|
1786 The definition of `supported' is somewhat heuristic, but basically |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
44693
diff
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|
1787 means that a face containing all the attributes in @var{attributes}, |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1788 when merged with the default face for display, can be represented in a |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
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parents:
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diff
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|
1789 way that's |
75e9d527da2b
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parents:
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diff
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|
1790 |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1791 @enumerate |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1792 @item |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1793 different in appearance than the default face, and |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1794 |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1795 @item |
75e9d527da2b
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parents:
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diff
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|
1796 `close in spirit' to what the attributes specify, if not exact. |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
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parents:
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diff
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|
1797 @end enumerate |
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parents:
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diff
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|
1798 |
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display-supports-face-attributes-p
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parents:
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diff
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|
1799 Point (2) implies that a @code{:weight black} attribute will be |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1800 satisfied by any display that can display bold, as will |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
44693
diff
changeset
|
1801 @code{:foreground "yellow"} as long as some yellowish color can be |
45865
08e62ca55f2c
(Display Feature Testing): Fix typo.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
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|
1802 displayed, but @code{:slant italic} will @emph{not} be satisfied by |
45744
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
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parents:
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diff
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|
1803 the tty display code's automatic substitution of a `dim' face for |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1804 italic. |
75e9d527da2b
display-supports-face-attributes-p
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parents:
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diff
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|
1805 @end defun |
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parents:
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diff
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|
1806 |
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|
1807 @defun display-selections-p &optional display |
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|
1808 @tindex display-selections-p |
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parents:
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diff
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|
1809 This function returns @code{t} if @var{display} supports selections. |
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|
1810 Windowed displays normally support selections, but they may also be |
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|
1811 supported in some other cases. |
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|
1812 @end defun |
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|
1813 |
39197
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(Mouse Position): Document mouse-position-function.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1814 @defun display-images-p &optional display |
f56fa34012c0
(Mouse Position): Document mouse-position-function.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1815 This function returns @code{t} if @var{display} can display images. |
39221
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Clarify recent changes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1816 Windowed displays ought in principle to handle images, but some |
68b26e98aef6
Clarify recent changes.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1817 systems lack the support for that. On a display that does not support |
68b26e98aef6
Clarify recent changes.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1818 images, Emacs cannot display a tool bar. |
39197
f56fa34012c0
(Mouse Position): Document mouse-position-function.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1819 @end defun |
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(Mouse Position): Document mouse-position-function.
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diff
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|
1820 |
27532
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|
1821 @defun display-screens &optional display |
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|
1822 @tindex display-screens |
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diff
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|
1823 This function returns the number of screens associated with the display. |
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diff
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|
1824 @end defun |
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|
1825 |
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|
1826 @defun display-pixel-height &optional display |
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|
1827 @tindex display-pixel-height |
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|
1828 This function returns the height of the screen in pixels. |
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|
1829 @end defun |
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|
1830 |
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|
1831 @defun display-mm-height &optional display |
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|
1832 @tindex display-mm-height |
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|
1833 This function returns the height of the screen in millimeters, |
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|
1834 or @code{nil} if Emacs cannot get that information. |
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|
1835 @end defun |
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|
1836 |
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|
1837 @defun display-pixel-width &optional display |
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|
1838 @tindex display-pixel-width |
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|
1839 This function returns the width of the screen in pixels. |
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diff
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|
1840 @end defun |
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diff
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|
1841 |
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|
1842 @defun display-mm-width &optional display |
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diff
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|
1843 @tindex display-mm-width |
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diff
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|
1844 This function returns the width of the screen in millimeters, |
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
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|
1845 or @code{nil} if Emacs cannot get that information. |
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diff
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|
1846 @end defun |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1847 |
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diff
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|
1848 @defun display-backing-store &optional display |
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
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|
1849 @tindex display-backing-store |
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|
1850 This function returns the backing store capability of the display. |
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parents:
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diff
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|
1851 Backing store means recording the pixels of windows (and parts of |
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|
1852 windows) that are not exposed, so that when exposed they can be |
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|
1853 displayed very quickly. |
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diff
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|
1854 |
27532
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|
1855 Values can be the symbols @code{always}, @code{when-mapped}, or |
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|
1856 @code{not-useful}. The function can also return @code{nil} |
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|
1857 when the question is inapplicable to a certain kind of display. |
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|
1858 @end defun |
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|
1859 |
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|
1860 @defun display-save-under &optional display |
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|
1861 @tindex display-save-under |
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|
1862 This function returns non-@code{nil} if the display supports the |
27654
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|
1863 SaveUnder feature. That feature is used by pop-up windows |
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|
1864 to save the pixels they obscure, so that they can pop down |
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|
1865 quickly. |
27532
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|
1866 @end defun |
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|
1867 |
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|
1868 @defun display-planes &optional display |
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|
1869 @tindex display-planes |
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|
1870 This function returns the number of planes the display supports. |
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*** empty log message ***
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|
1871 This is typically the number of bits per pixel. |
35037 | 1872 For a tty display, it is log to base two of the number of colours supported. |
27532
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|
1873 @end defun |
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|
1874 |
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|
1875 @defun display-visual-class &optional display |
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|
1876 @tindex display-visual-class |
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|
1877 This function returns the visual class for the screen. The value is one |
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|
1878 of the symbols @code{static-gray}, @code{gray-scale}, |
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|
1879 @code{static-color}, @code{pseudo-color}, @code{true-color}, and |
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|
1880 @code{direct-color}. |
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|
1881 @end defun |
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|
1882 |
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|
1883 @defun display-color-cells &optional display |
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|
1884 @tindex display-color-cells |
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|
1885 This function returns the number of color cells the screen supports. |
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|
1886 @end defun |
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|
1887 |
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|
1888 These functions obtain additional information specifically |
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|
1889 about X displays. |
6547 | 1890 |
12067 | 1891 @defun x-server-version &optional display |
1892 This function returns the list of version numbers of the X server | |
1893 running the display. | |
6547 | 1894 @end defun |
1895 | |
12067 | 1896 @defun x-server-vendor &optional display |
1897 This function returns the vendor that provided the X server software. | |
6547 | 1898 @end defun |
1899 | |
1900 @ignore | |
1901 @defvar x-no-window-manager | |
22138
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|
1902 This variable's value is @code{t} if no X window manager is in use. |
6547 | 1903 @end defvar |
1904 @end ignore | |
1905 | |
1906 @ignore | |
1907 @item | |
1908 The functions @code{x-pixel-width} and @code{x-pixel-height} return the | |
1909 width and height of an X Window frame, measured in pixels. | |
1910 @end ignore | |
52401 | 1911 |
1912 @ignore | |
1913 arch-tag: 94977df6-3dca-4730-b57b-c6329e9282ba | |
1914 @end ignore |