annotate etc/FAQ @ 5412:cec4d9434b62

(ALL_CFLAGS): Include LDFLAGS. Use ALL_CFLAGS in all the rules that compile and link with one cmd. (LINK_CFLAGS): New variable. (timer): Use LINK_CFLAGS.
author Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
date Sun, 02 Jan 1994 18:41:29 +0000
parents 507f64624555
children 24e6be28b6ea
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1 GNU Emacs FAQ: Introduction
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2
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3 [To find what has changed, see the "Changes" posting.]
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5 [The FAQ post date slipped big-time this time. Now that school is over
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6 with and I can get on with the rest of my life, posting should become a
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7 lot more regular. - sbyrnes]
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8
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9 This is the introduction to a list of frequently asked questions (FAQ) about
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10 GNU Emacs with answers. This article contains a listing of the questions;
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11 subsequent articles contain the questions and answers.
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12
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13 The FAQ list is posted to reduce the noise level in the `gnu.emacs.help'
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14 newsgroup (which is also the `help-gnu-emacs' mailing list) which results from
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15 the repetition of frequently asked questions, wrong answers to these questions,
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16 corrections to the wrong answers, corrections to the corrections, debate, name
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17 calling, etc. Also, it serves as a repository of the canonical "best" answers
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18 to these questions. However, if you know a better answer or even a slight
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19 change that improves an answer, please tell us!
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20
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21 If you know the answer of a question is in the FAQ list, please reply to the
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22 question by e-mail instead of posting. Help reduce noise!
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23
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24 The FAQ list is crossposted to `comp.emacs' because some sites do not receive
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25 the `gnu.*' newsgroups. The FAQ list is also crossposted to `news.answers'.
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26
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27 Please suggest new questions, answers, wording changes, deletions, etc. The
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28 most helpful form for suggestions is a context diff (ie., the output of `diff
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29 -c'). Include `FAQ' in the subject of messages sent to us about the FAQ list.
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30
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31 Please do not send questions to us just because you do not want to disturb a
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32 lot of people and you think we would know the answer. We do not have time to
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33 answer questions individually. :-(
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35 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also see the
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36 `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers' newsgroup, or send
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37 e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on a body line, or use FTP,
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38 WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu.
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40 These ideas have already been suggested, but we have not had time to
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41 implement them:
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42
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43 * A Texinfo version.
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44 * Marking questions in the table of contents that have been changed
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45 recently.
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47 --
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48 Steven Byrnes <sbyrnes@rice.edu> (and Joe Wells <jbw@cs.bu.edu>)
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49
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50 E-mail lpf@uunet.uu.net for details about the League for Programming Freedom.
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51
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52 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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53
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54 GNU Emacs FAQ: Table of Contents
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55
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56 Notation Used in FAQ
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57
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58 1: What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.?
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59 2: What does "M-x command" mean?
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60 3: How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
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61 4: What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el?
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62 5: What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
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63
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64 General Questions
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65
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66 6: What is the LPF and why should I join it?
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67 7: What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
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68 8: What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug,
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69 comp.emacs, etc.?
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70 9: Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups?
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71 10: Where should I report bugs and other problems with GNU Emacs?
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72 11: How do I unsubscribe to this mailing list?
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73 12: What is the current address of the FSF?
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74
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75 On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help
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76
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77 13: I'm just starting GNU Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
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78 14: How do I find out how to do something in GNU Emacs?
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79 15: How do I get a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual?
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80 16: Where can I get documentation on GNU Emacs Lisp?
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81 17: How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
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82 18: How do I print a Texinfo file?
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83 19: Can I view Info files without using GNU Emacs?
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84 20: What informational files are available for GNU Emacs?
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85 21: Where can I get help in installing GNU Emacs?
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86 22: Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)?
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87
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88 Status of Emacs
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89
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90 23: Where does the name "Emacs" come from?
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91 24: What is the latest version of GNU Emacs?
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92 25: When will GNU Emacs 19 be available?
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93 26: What is different about GNU Emacs 19?
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94 27: What variants of GNU Emacs exist?
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95
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96 Common Things People Want To Do
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97
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98 28: How do I set up a .emacs file properly?
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99 29: How do I debug a .emacs file?
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100 30: How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
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101 31: How do I turn on Abbrevs by default just in mode XXX?
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102 32: How do I turn on Auto-Fill mode by default?
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103 33: How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
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104 34: How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control)
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105 characters?
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106 35: How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
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107 36: How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
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108 37: How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
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109 38: Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
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110 39: How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents?
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111 40: How do I change load-path?
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112 41: How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
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113 42: How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
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114 43: How do I indent switch statements like this?
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115 44: How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
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116 45: How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting?
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117 46: How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
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118 47: How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows?
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119 48: How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the
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120 indentation of the previous line?
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121 49: How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
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122 50: In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef
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123 commands are handled by the compiler?
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124 51: Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi?
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125 52: What are the valid X resource settings (ie., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
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126 53: How do I execute a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
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127 54: How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length?
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128 55: How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line?
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129 56: How do I insert `_^H' before each character in a paragraph to get an
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130 underlined paragraph?
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131 57: How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
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132 58: How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor
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133 should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
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134 59: How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
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135 60: How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
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136 61: How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
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137 62: Where is the documentation for `etags'?
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138
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139 Bugs/Problems
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140
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141 63: Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
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142 64: Why can't Emacs find files in current directory on startup?
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143 65: How do I get rid of the ^M junk in my Shell buffer?
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144 66: Why do I get `Process shell exited abnormally with code 1'?
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145 67: Why can't I cut from Emacs and paste in other X programs?
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146 68: Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type `emacs'?
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147 69: Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying `I-search:' and beeping?
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148 70: Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
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149 71: Why does Emacs say `Error in init file'?
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150 72: Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
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151 73: Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
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152 74: How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name?
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153 75: Why does Shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
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154 76: Why doesn't my change to load-path work?
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155 77: Why does the cursor always go to the wrong column when I move up or
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156 down one line?
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157 78: Why does Emacs hang with message `Unknown XMenu error' with X11R4?
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158 79: Why doesn't display-time show the load average in the mode line
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159 anymore?
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160 80: Why does ispell sometimes ignore the local dictionary?
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161 81: Why does Ispell treat each line as a single word?
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162 82: Are there any security risks in GNU Emacs?
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163
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164 Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs
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165
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166 83: What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
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167 84: How do I stop Emacs from failing when the executable is stripped?
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168 85: Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
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169 86: Why does Emacs 18.55 say `Fatal error (6).Abort' under SunOS 4.1?
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170
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171 Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages
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172
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173 87: Where can I get GNU Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
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174 88: How do I find a GNU Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
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175 89: Where can I get GNU Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
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176 90: How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive?
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177 91: Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
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178 92: Where can I get an Emacs with better mouse and X window support?
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179 93: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and Epoch?
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180 94: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and Lucid GNU Emacs?
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181 95: Where can I get the "unofficial HP GNU Emacs"?
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182 96: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
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183 97: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running Windows?
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184 98: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
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185 99: Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
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186 100: Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
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187 101: Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
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188 102: Where can I get Emacs with NeWS support?
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189 103: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
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190 104: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne Shell, Csh, C++,
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191 Objective C, Pascal, Awk?
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192 105: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
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193
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194 Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs
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195
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196 106: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs
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197 107: Supercite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs
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198 108: GNUS -- news reader within Emacs
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199 109: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
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200 110: Calendar/Diary -- calendar manager within Emacs
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201 111: Ange-FTP -- transparent FTP access for Emacs's file access routines
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202 112: VIP -- vi emulation for Emacs
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203 113: Dired -- better directory editor for Emacs
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204 114: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities
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205 115: Hyperbole -- extensible hypertext management system within Emacs
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206 116: Byte Compiler -- enhanced version of Emacs's byte compiler
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207 117: comint -- hugely enhanced shell mode and other derived modes
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208 118: BBDB -- personal info rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
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209 119: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
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210 120: Epoch -- enhanced GNU Emacs with better X interface
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211 121: Lucid GNU Emacs -- alternative Emacs 19 with better X interface
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212 122: Demacs -- GNU Emacs altered to run on MS-DOS on 386/486 machines
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213 123: Freemacs -- a small Emacs for MS-DOS
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214 124: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files
134
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215
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216 Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems
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217
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218 125: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
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219 126: Why does Emacs say `Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters'?
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220 127: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my
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221 .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
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222 128: How do I use function keys under X Windows?
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223 129: How do I tell what characters my function or arrow keys emit?
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224 130: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs?
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225 131: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control?
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226 132: How do I use commands bound to C-s and C-q (or any key) if these keys
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227 are filtered out?
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228 133: Why does the `BackSpace' key invoke help?
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229 134: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete?
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230 135: Why don't the arrow keys work?
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231 136: How do I "swap" two keys?
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232 137: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
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233 138: What if I don't have a Meta key?
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234 139: What if I don't have an Escape key?
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235 140: How do I type DEL on PC terminal emulators?
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236 141: Can I make my `Compose Character' key behave like a Meta key?
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237 142: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
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238 143: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window?
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239 144: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0?
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240 145: Where can I get key bindings to make Emacs emulate WordStar?
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241 146: Where can I get an XEDIT emulator for Emacs?
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242
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243 Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets
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244
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245 147: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
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246 148: How do I input 8-bit characters?
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247 149: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle kanji characters?
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248 150: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle Chinese?
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249 151: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
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250
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251 Mail and News
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252
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253 152: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
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254 153: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
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255 154: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
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256 155: Why does RMAIL think all my saved messages are one big message?
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257 156: How can I sort the messages in my RMAIL folder?
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258 157: Why does RMAIL need to write to /usr/spool/mail?
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259 158: How do I recover my mail files after RMAIL munges their format?
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260 159: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
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261 160: How do I read news under Emacs?
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262 161: Why does `rnews' say "No News is good news" when there is news?
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263 162: Why doesn't GNUS work anymore via NNTP?
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264 163: How do I view text with embedded underlining (eg., ClariNews)?
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265 164: When I try to post a long article in GNUS (about 10K or longer), I get
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266 the error, "Writing to process: no more processes, nntpd"
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267 165: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in GNUS?
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268 166: Why does GNUS put the subjects in replies beyond the 80th column?
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269 167: Why is GNUS so slow to start up?
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270 168: How do I catch up all newsgroups in GNUS?
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271 169: Why can't I kill in GNUS on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control line?
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272 170: How do I get rid of flashing messages in GNUS for slow connections?
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273 171: Why is catch up slow in Gnews/GNUS?
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274 172: Why does GNUS hang for a long time when posting?
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275 173: Why don't my news postings in GNUS get past the local machine?
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276 174: Why is the GNUS-generated `Date:' header invalid?
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277 175: Why doesn't GNUS generate the `Lines:' header?
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278 176: Why do I get "Cannot open load file" "nntp" when compiling GNUS?
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279 177: How do I kill all articles in GNUS but those matching a pattern?
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280
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281
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282 GNU Emacs FAQ: Notation/General/Help/Status
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283
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284 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x $" to
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285 get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look at the text
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286 of the answers, just type "C-x $".
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287
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288 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a C-r if
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289 that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search.
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290
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291 A `+' in the 78th column means something was inserted on the line. A `-' means
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292 something was deleted and a `!' means some combination of insertions and
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293 deletions occurred.
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294
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295 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also see the
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296 `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers' newsgroup, or send
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297 e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on a body line, or use FTP,
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298 WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu.
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299
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300
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301
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302 Notation Used in FAQ
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303
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304 Skip this section and then come back if you don't understand some of the
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305 later answers.
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306
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307 1: What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.?
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308
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309 C-x means press the `x' key while holding down the Control key. M-x means
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310 press the `x' key while holding down the Meta key. M-C-x means press the
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311 `x' key while holding down both the Control key and the Meta key. C-M-a
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312 is a synonym for M-C-a. RET, LFD, DEL, ESC, and TAB respectively refer to
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313 pressing the Return, Linefeed (aka Newline), Delete, Escape, and Tab keys
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314 and are equivalent to C-m, C-j, C-?, C-[, and C-i. SPC means press the
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315 Space bar.
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316
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317 I put any key sequence that is longer than one key (and some single-key
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318 sequences) inside double quotes or on a line by itself. Any real spaces
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319 in such a key sequence should be ignored; only SPC really means press the
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320 space key.
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321
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322 The ASCII code sent by C-x (except for C-?) is the value that would be
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323 sent by pressing just `x' minus 96 (or 64 for uppercase `X') and will be
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324 from 0 to 31. The ASCII code sent by M-x is the sum of 128 and the ASCII
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325 code that would be sent by pressing just the `x' key. Essentially, the
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326 Control key turns off bits 5 and 6 and the Meta key turns on bit 7.
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327
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328 For further information, see `Characters' and `Keys' in the online manual.
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329
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330 NOTE: C-? (aka DEL) is ASCII code 127. It is a misnomer to call C-? a
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331 "control" key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON. Also, on very
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332 few keyboards does Control-? generate ASCII code 127.
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333
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334 2: What does "M-x command" mean?
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335
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336 "M-x command" means type M-x, then type the name of the command, then
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337 type RET.
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338
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339 M-x (by default) invokes the command `execute-extended-command'. This
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340 command allows you to run any Emacs command if you can remember the
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341 command's name. If you can't remember the command's name, you can type
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342 TAB and SPC for completion, and "?" for a list of possibilities. An Emacs
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343 "command" is any "interactive" Emacs function.
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344
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345 NOTE: Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to
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346 invoke execute-extended-command. A function key labeled `Do' is a good
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347 candidate for this.
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348
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349 To run non-interactive Emacs functions, see question 53.
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350
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351 3: How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
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352
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353 When I refer you to topic XXX in the on-line manual, you can read this
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354 manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by typing this:
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355
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356 C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET
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357
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358 This invokes the Info facility. If you don't already know how to use
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359 Info, type "?" from within Info.
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360
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361 If I refer you to topic XXX:YYY, you need to type this:
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362
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363 C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET m YYY RET
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364
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365 WARNING: Your system administrator may not have installed the Info files,
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366 or may have installed them properly. In this case you should complain.
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367
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368 4: What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el?
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369
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370 These are files that come with GNU Emacs. The GNU Emacs distribution is
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371 divided into subdirectories; the important ones are `etc', `lisp', and
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372 `src'.
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373
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374 If you use GNU Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system,
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375 start Emacs, then type "C-h v exec-directory RET". The directory name
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376 displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed `etc'
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377 directory.
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378
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379 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail, see
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380 question 20. All are available in the source distribution.
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381
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382 5: What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
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383
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384 FSF == Free Software Foundation
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385 LPF == League for Programming Freedom
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386 OSF == Open Software Foundation
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387 GNU == GNU's Not Unix
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388 RMS == Richard Matthew Stallman
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389 FTP == File Transfer Protocol
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390 GPL == GNU General Public Licence
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391
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392 NOTE: Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes
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393 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make high
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394 quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a commercial
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395 organization which wants to provide an alternative, standardized version
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396 of Unix not controlled by AT&T.
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397
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398 NOTE: The word "free" in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers
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399 to "freedom", not "zero dollars". Anyone can charge any price for
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400 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the freedom
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401 enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always get the
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402 software for less money from someone else, because everyone has the right
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403 to resell or give away GPL-covered software.
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404
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405
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406
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407 General Questions
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408
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409 6: What is the LPF and why should I join it?
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410
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411 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and look-and-feel
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412 copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact the LPF via
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413 e-mail or otherwise. {You may also contact me, jbw@cs.bu.edu; I will be
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414 happy to talk with you about the LPF.} Here is the contact information:
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415
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416 E-mail address: league@prep.ai.mit.edu
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417 Phone number: (617) 243-4091
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418 Postal address:
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419 League for Programming Freedom
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420 1 Kendall Square, Number 143
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421 Post Office Box 9171
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422 Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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423
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424 Papers describing the LPF's views are available on the internet and also
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425 from the LPF:
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426
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427 Anonymous FTP:
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428 /prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/lpf/
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429 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/lpf/
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430 Anonymous UUCP:
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431 osu-cis!~/lpf/*
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432
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433 7: What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
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434
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435 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public Licence (copyleft) is
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436 however it is interpreted by a judge. There has never been a copyright
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437 infringement case involving the GPL to set any precedents. Please take any
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438 discussion regarding this issue to the newsgroup gnu.misc.discuss, which
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439 was created to hold the extensive flame wars on the subject.
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440
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441 RMS writes:
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442
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443 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the spirit,
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444 which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work pertaining
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445 to Emacs should also be free software. "Free" means that all users have
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446 the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. To make sure
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447 everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you distribute
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448 any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the recipients the
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449 same freedom that you enjoyed.
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450
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451 8: What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug,
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452 comp.emacs, etc.?
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453
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454 The file etc/MAILINGLISTS discusses the purpose of each GNU mailing-list.
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455 (See question 20 on how to get a copy.) For those which are gatewayed
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456 with newsgroups, it lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list
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457 address.
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458
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459 comp.emacs is for discussion of Emacs programs in general. This
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460 includes GNU Emacs along with various other implementations like JOVE,
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461 MicroEmacs, Freemacs, MG, Unipress, CCA, Epsilon, etc.
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462
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463 Many people post GNU Emacs questions to comp.emacs because they don't
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464 receive any of the gnu.* newsgroups. Arguments have been made both for
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465 and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to comp.emacs. You have
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466 to decide for yourself.
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467
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468 Messages advocating "non-free" software are considered unacceptable on any
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469 of the gnu.* newsgroups except for gnu.misc.discuss, which was created to
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470 hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject. "non-free" software
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471 includes any software for which the end user can't freely modify the
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472 source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to remove the gnu.*
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473 groups from the `Newsgroups:' line when posting a followup that recommends
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474 such software.
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475
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476 gnu.emacs.bug is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid posting bug
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477 reports to this newsgroup, instead see question 10.
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478
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479 9: Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups?
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480
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481 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many
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482 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The
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483 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve individual
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484 postings from, but pretty much everything is there.
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485
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486 Anonymous FTP:
2703
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487 /prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/MailingListArchives/
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488
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489 There is a WAIS database named `comp.emacs' on wais.oit.unc.edu that
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490 makes available the last few days of articles in comp.emacs.
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491
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492 10: Where should I report bugs and other problems with GNU Emacs?
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493
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494 The correct way to report GNU Emacs bugs is by e-mail to
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495 bug-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. Anything sent here also appears in the
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496 newsgroup gnu.emacs.bug, but please use e-mail instead of news to submit
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497 the bug report. This way a reliable return address is available so you
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498 can be contacted for further details.
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499
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500 RMS explains:
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501
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502 Sending bug reports to help-gnu-emacs (which has the effect of posting
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503 on gnu.emacs.help) is undesirable because it takes the time of an
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504 unnecessarily large group of people, most of whom are just users and
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505 have no idea how to fix these problem. bug-gnu-emacs reaches a much
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506 smaller group of people who are more likely to know what to do and have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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507 expressed a wish to receive more messages about Emacs than the others.
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508
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509 However, RMS says there are circumstances when it is okay to post to
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510 gnu.emacs.help:
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511
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512 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix, then
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513 after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on
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514 gnu.emacs.help asking if anyone can help you.
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diff changeset
515
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516 If you are unsure whether you have a bug, RMS describes how to tell:
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517
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518 ... if Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors
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519 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that is
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520 a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it does,
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521 that is a bug.
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522
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523 11: How do I unsubscribe to this mailing list?
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524
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diff changeset
525 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named `XXX', you might be able
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526 to unsubscribe to it by sending a request to the address
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527 `XXX-request@prep.ai.mit.edu'. However, this will not work if you are
3591
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528 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a
1736
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diff changeset
529 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which
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diff changeset
530 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the `Received:' headers
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diff changeset
531 on the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the `EXPN' or
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diff changeset
532 `VRFY' sendmail commands through `telnet <site-address> smtp'. Ask your
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diff changeset
533 postmaster for help.
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534
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535 12: What is the current address of the FSF?
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536
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537 E-mail address: gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
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538 Phone number: (617) 876-3296
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539 Postal address:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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540 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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diff changeset
541 675 Massachusetts Avenue
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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542 Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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parents: 597
diff changeset
543
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
544
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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diff changeset
545
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diff changeset
546 On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help
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diff changeset
547
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548 13: I'm just starting GNU Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
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549
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550 Type "C-h t" to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Typing just C-h is
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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diff changeset
551 how to enter the help system.
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552
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553 WARNING: Your system administrator may have changed C-h to act like DEL to
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parents: 597
diff changeset
554 deal local keyboards. You can use M-x help-for-help instead to invoke
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diff changeset
555 help. To discover what key (if any) invokes help on your system, type
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diff changeset
556 "M-x where-is RET help-for-help RET". This will print a comma-separated
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diff changeset
557 list of key sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last character in each
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diff changeset
558 key sequence listed. Each of the resulting key sequences invokes help.
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559
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560 NOTE: Emacs's help facility works best if help is invoked by a single key
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diff changeset
561 whose value should be stored in the variable help-char. Andrew
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parents: 597
diff changeset
562 Arensburger <arensb@kong.gsfc.nasa.gov> wrote a patch that allows the help
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parents: 597
diff changeset
563 facility to work properly when invoked by multiple character sequences.
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564
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565 14: How do I find out how to do something in GNU Emacs?
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diff changeset
566
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567 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs.
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568
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569 * The complete text of the Emacs manual is available online via the Info
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diff changeset
570 hypertext reader. Type "C-h i" to invoke Info.
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571
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diff changeset
572 * You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. See question 15.
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diff changeset
573
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574 * You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to invoke
597
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575 them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5), or you can
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576 print your own from the etc/refcard.tex file in the Emacs distribution.
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diff changeset
577 {Are PostScript versions of this available for FTP?}
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578
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579 * You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word
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diff changeset
580 (actually which match a regular expression) using "C-h a"
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parents: 597
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581 (M-x command-apropos).
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parents: 597
diff changeset
582
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diff changeset
583 * You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a
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parents: 597
diff changeset
584 certain word using M-x apropos.
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diff changeset
585
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586 * There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and information.
597
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587 To get a list of these commands, type "C-h C-h C-h".
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588
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589 NOTE: You may find that command-apropos and apropos are extremely slow
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590 on your system. This will be fixed in Emacs 19. If you can't wait that
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591 long, there is a fast-apropos.el file available in the Emacs Lisp
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parents: 597
diff changeset
592 Archive (see question 89) that contains the fix.
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diff changeset
593
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parents: 597
diff changeset
594 15: How do I get a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual?
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595
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parents:
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596 You can order a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual from the FSF for
1736
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597 $20. For 6 or more manuals the price is $13 each. The price may be
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598 tax-deductible as a business expense.
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599
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600 The full TeX source for the manual also comes in the `man' directory of
597
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601 the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to print out this
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602 300 page manual yourself (see question 18).
597
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603
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604 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have TeX, you
1736
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605 can get a PostScript version via anonymous FTP:
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606
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607 /cs.ubc.ca:pub/archive/gnu/manuals_ps/emacs-18.57.ps.Z !
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608
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609 which site requests that you please CONFINE ANY MAJOR FTPING TO LATE
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610 EVENINGS OR EARLY MORNINGS OUR TIME (pacific time zone, GMT-8)). A DVI
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611 version is also available via FTP:
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612
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613 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/emacs-manual-6.0.dvi.Z
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614
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615 If you don't have TeX you can convert the Texinfo sources into
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616 {t,n,ps}roff format with the `texi2roff' program, which is available via
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617 anonymous FTP:
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618
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619 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/texi2roff/texi2roff.shar.Z
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620
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621 See also question 14 for how to view the manual online.
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622
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623 16: Where can I get documentation on GNU Emacs Lisp?
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624
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625 Within Emacs, you can type "C-h f" to get the documentation for a
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626 function, "C-h v" for a variable.
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627
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628 For more information, obtain the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual for Emacs
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629 18 under Unix. It is available from the FSF for $50 (or 5 for $200). The
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630 latest revision available for FTP is edition 1.03 dated 28 January 1991.
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631
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632 For online use, a set of pregenerated Info files is available with the
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633 Texinfo source for the Emacs Lisp manual via anonymous FTP:
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634
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635 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/
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636 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/elisp-manual-1.03.tar.Z
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637
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638 (You can also create the Info files from the Texinfo source.) See
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639 question 17 for details on how to install these files online.
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640
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diff changeset
641 If you are daring enough to try to print this 550 page manual out
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diff changeset
642 yourself, for instructions see question 18.
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diff changeset
643
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644 Also, as a popular USENET saying goes, "Use the Force, Read the Source".
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645
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646 17: How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
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647
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648 First create Info files from the Texinfo files with the `makeinfo'
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649 program. makeinfo is available as part of the latest Texinfo package:
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650
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651 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/texinfo-2.14.tar.Z
597
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652
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653 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which
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654 comes with Emacs. This manual also comes installed in Info format, so you
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655 can read it online.
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656
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657 Neither texinfo-format-buffer nor the makeinfo program install the
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658 resulting Info files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files:
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659
1736
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660 1. Move the files to the `info' directory in the installed Emacs
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661 distribution. See question 4 if you don't know where that
597
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662 is.
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663
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664 2. Edit the file info/dir in the installed Emacs distribution, and add a
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665 line for the top level node in the Info package that you are
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666 installing. Follow the examples are already in this file. The format
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667 is:
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668
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669 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic.
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670
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671 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary
1736
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672 privileges, you have several options:
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673
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674 * Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. You
597
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675 can feed a file name to the Info-goto-node command (invoked by pressing
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676 "g" in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in parentheses. This
1736
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677 goes to the node named `Top' in that file. For example, to view a Info
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678 file named `XXX' in your home directory, you can type this:
597
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679
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680 C-h i g (~/XXX) RET
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681
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682 * You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where the
597
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683 Info directory is by setting the value of the variable Info-directory
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684 to its pathname. For example, to use a private Info directory which
1736
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685 is a subdirectory of your home directory named `Info', you could do
597
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686 this:
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687
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688 (setq Info-directory (expand-file-name "~/Info"))
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689
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690 You will need a top-level Info file named `dir' in this directory.
597
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691 You can include the system-wide Info directory in your private Info
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692 directory with symbolic links or by copying it.
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693
1736
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694 * You can use an enhanced version of lisp/info.el that handles multiple
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diff changeset
695 Info directories. Then you can more easily use a mix of private and
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diff changeset
696 shared Info files. Dave Gillespie <daveg@synaptics.com,
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diff changeset
697 daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu> has written one such enhancement and I
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diff changeset
698 believe there are others. Dave's info.el also handles compressed Info
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diff changeset
699 files.
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diff changeset
700
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701 Anonymous FTP:
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diff changeset
702 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:modes/info.el.Z
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703 /ftp.uu.net:languages/emacs-lisp/modes/info.el.Z !
1736
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diff changeset
704
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diff changeset
705 According to Jay Bourland <jayb@math.stanford.edu>, a version of Dave's
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diff changeset
706 info.el comes with `xinfo' (see question 19).
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diff changeset
707
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diff changeset
708 18: How do I print a Texinfo file?
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diff changeset
709
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710 NOTE: You can't get nice printed output from Info files; you must still
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diff changeset
711 have the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print.
597
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712
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713 1. Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this:
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714
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715 \input texinfo
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716
1736
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717 You may need to alter `texinfo' to the full pathname of the
597
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718 texinfo.tex file, which comes with Emacs as man/texinfo.tex (or copy
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719 or link it into the current directory).
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720
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721 2. tex XXX.texinfo
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722
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723 3. texindex XXX.??
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724
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725 The `texindex' program comes with Emacs as man/texindex.c.
597
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726
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727 4. tex XXX.texinfo
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728
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729 5. Print the DVI file XXX.dvi in the normal way for printing DVI files
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730 at your site.
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731
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732 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package
1736
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733 mentioned in question 17.
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diff changeset
734
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735 19: Can I view Info files without using GNU Emacs?
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736
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737 Yes, the `info', `xinfo', and `ivinfo' programs do this. info uses
1736
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diff changeset
738 curses, xinfo uses standard X11 libraries, and ivinfo uses InterViews.
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diff changeset
739 You can get info as part of the latest Texinfo package (see question
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740 17). xinfo is available separately:
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741
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742 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.Z
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743 /export.lcs.mit.edu:
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744
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745 ivinfo is available in a comp.sources.misc archive or from Tom Horsley
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diff changeset
746 <tom@ssd.csd.harris.com>. For ivinfo, you need Stanford's InterViews C++
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diff changeset
747 X library, available via anonymous FTP (interviews.stanford.edu).
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diff changeset
748
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749 20: What informational files are available for GNU Emacs?
597
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750
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751 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of
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752 informational files about GNU Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU
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753 project are available for you to read.
134
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parents:
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754
1736
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755 The following files are available in the `etc' directory of the GNU
134
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parents:
diff changeset
756 Emacs distribution, and also the latest versions are available
1736
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parents: 597
diff changeset
757 individually via anonymous FTP (prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/):
597
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758
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759 APPLE -- Why the FSF doen't support GNU Emacs on Apple computers
134
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760 DISTRIB -- GNU Emacs Availability Information,
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
761 including the popular "Free Software Foundation Order Form"
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
762 FTP -- How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
763 GNU -- The GNU Manifesto
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
764 INTERVIEW -- Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
765 UNIX-compatible software system
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
766 with BYTE editors
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
767 MACHINES -- Status of GNU Emacs on Various Machines and Systems
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
768 MAILINGLISTS -- GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
769 SERVICE -- GNU Service Directory
1736
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diff changeset
770 SUN-SUPPORT -- including "Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs"
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parents: 597
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771
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772 These files are available in the `etc' directory of the GNU Emacs
134
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parents:
diff changeset
773 distribution:
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
774
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
775 DIFF -- Differences between GNU Emacs and Twenex Emacs
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
776 CCADIFF -- Differences between GNU Emacs and CCA Emacs
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
777 GOSDIFF -- Differences between GNU Emacs and Gosling (Unipress??) Emacs
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
778 COPYING -- GNU Emacs General Public License
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
779 NEWS -- GNU Emacs News, a history of user-visible changes
597
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780 LPF -- Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom
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diff changeset
781 FAQ -- GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions (You're reading it)
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782 OPTIONS -- a complete explanation of startup option handling
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783
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784 These files are available via anonymous FTP (prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/):
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785
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diff changeset
786 tasks -- GNU Task List
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diff changeset
787 standards.text -- GNU Coding Standards
134
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parents:
diff changeset
788
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
789 In addition, all of the above files are available directly from the FSF
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
790 via e-mail. Of course, please try to get them from a local source
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
791 first.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
792
597
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793 These additional files are available from the FSF via e-mail:
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diff changeset
794
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diff changeset
795 * GNU's Bulletin, June, 1991 -- this file includes:
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diff changeset
796 GNU'S Who
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diff changeset
797 What Is the Free Software Foundation?
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798 What Is Copyleft?
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diff changeset
799 A Small Way to Help Free Software
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diff changeset
800 GNUs Flashes (important recent developments for project GNU)
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diff changeset
801 Free Software Support (and how to get it!)
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diff changeset
802 Copyrighted Programming Languages
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
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parents: 134
diff changeset
803 AT&T Threatens Users of X Windows (and other software patent threats)
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diff changeset
804 Project Gutenberg
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diff changeset
805 GNU Project Status Report
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diff changeset
806 GNU in Japan
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diff changeset
807 GNU Wish List
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diff changeset
808 Help Keep Government Software Free
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809 GNU Software Available Now
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diff changeset
810 Contents of the Emacs Tape
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diff changeset
811 Contents of the Compiler Tape
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diff changeset
812 Contents of the X11 Tapes
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813 VMS Emacs and Compiler Tapes
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diff changeset
814 GNU Documentation
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diff changeset
815 How to Get GNU Software
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816 Free Software for Microcomputers
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817 GNU Software on Apple computers
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818 GNU Software on the Amiga
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819 GNU Software on the Atari
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820 GNUish MS-DOS project
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diff changeset
821 Freemacs, an Extensible Editor for MS-DOS
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822 GNU in Japan
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823 FSF Order Form
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diff changeset
824 Thank GNUs
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diff changeset
825 * Legal issues about contributing code to GNU
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diff changeset
826 * GNU Project Status Report
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827
1736
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diff changeset
828 A collection of past GNU's Bulletins is available via anonymous FTP:
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parents: 597
diff changeset
829
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diff changeset
830 /ftp.funet.fi:pub/gnu/Bulletins/
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diff changeset
831
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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diff changeset
832 21: Where can I get help in installing GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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diff changeset
833
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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diff changeset
834 Look in etc/SERVICE for names of companies and individuals who will sell
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
835 you this type of service. An up-to-date version of the SERVICE file is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
836 available on prep.ai.mit.edu (also see question 20).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
837
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838 22: Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)?
597
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839
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840 The GNU Emacs FAQ is available in several ways:
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diff changeset
841
1736
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842 * Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your
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parents: 597
diff changeset
843 news spool, in both the gnu.emacs.help and comp.emacs newsgroups. Every
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
844 news reader of which I know will allow you to read any news article that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
845 is still in the news spool, even if you have read the article before.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
846 You may need to read the instructions for your news reader to discover
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
847 how to do this. In `rn', this command will do this for you at the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
848 article selection level:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
849
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parents: 597
diff changeset
850 ?GNU Emacs FAQ?rc:m
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parents: 597
diff changeset
851
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parents: 597
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852 In GNUS, you should type "C-u G" from the *Subject* buffer or "C-u SPC"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
853 from the *Newsgroup* buffer to view all articles in a newsgroup.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
854
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
855 The FAQ articles' message IDs are:
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856
2703
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857 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-0.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
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858 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-1.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
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859 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-2.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
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860 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-3.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
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diff changeset
861 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-4.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
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parents: 1736
diff changeset
862 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-5.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
1736
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parents: 597
diff changeset
863
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parents: 597
diff changeset
864 If you are viewing this in the GNUS *Article* buffer, you can move point
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parents: 597
diff changeset
865 within one of the above message IDs and type "r" to fetch the referenced
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parents: 597
diff changeset
866 article. Type "o" in the *Article* buffer to restore the previous
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parents: 597
diff changeset
867 contents. If this text is not in the GNUS *Article* buffer, use M-r
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parents: 597
diff changeset
868 from the *Subject* buffer instead.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
869
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
870 If the FAQ articles have expired and been deleted from your news spool,
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parents: 597
diff changeset
871 it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news
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parents: 597
diff changeset
872 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire before
2703
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parents: 1736
diff changeset
873 July 3, 1993. !
1736
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parents: 597
diff changeset
874
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
875 * Via anonymous FTP. You can fetch the FAQ articles via anonymous FTP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
876
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parents: 597
diff changeset
877 /rtfm.mit.edu:pub/usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/ part*
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parents: 597
diff changeset
878
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parents: 597
diff changeset
879 * Via e-mail. You can send the following magical incantation in the body
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parents: 597
diff changeset
880 of a message to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu:
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diff changeset
881
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
882 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part0
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parents: 597
diff changeset
883 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1
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parents: 597
diff changeset
884 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2
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parents: 597
diff changeset
885 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3
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parents: 597
diff changeset
886 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4
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parents: 597
diff changeset
887 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5
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parents: 597
diff changeset
888
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
889 * Via WAIS. The GNU Emacs FAQ is available via WAIS indexed on a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
890 per-question basis from the `faq' database on bigbird.bu.edu on the
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parents: 597
diff changeset
891 non-standard IP port number of 2210. This is probably the best way to
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parents: 597
diff changeset
892 find out if there is something in the FAQ related to your question. I
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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diff changeset
893 use this myself to answer questions I see posted on gnu.emacs.help.
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diff changeset
894
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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diff changeset
895 The articles of the GNU Emacs FAQ are also available from the `usenet'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
896 database on rtfm.mit.edu (on the standard IP port: 210), along with a
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parents: 597
diff changeset
897 lot of other FAQ articles. However, these are all indexed at the whole
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
898 article level instead of at the question level. This is a better place
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
899 to look if you want to fetch the entire FAQ.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
900
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diff changeset
901 * In the GNU Emacs distribution. Since GNU Emacs 18.56, the latest
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parents: 597
diff changeset
902 available version of the FAQ at the time of release has been part of the
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903 GNU Emacs distribution as file etc/FAQ. 18.59 is the latest version,
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
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904 and it was released in October 1992.
1736
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905
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parents: 597
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906 * There is an old version of the FAQ list available for FTP in the GNU
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
907 archives at MIT:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
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908
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parents: 597
diff changeset
909 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/GNUinfo/FAQ.emacs
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parents: 597
diff changeset
910
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parents: 597
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911 * As the very last resort, you can e-mail a request to
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
912 gnu-emacs-faq-maintainers@bigbird.bu.edu. Don't do this unless you have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
913 made a serious effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the methods
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
914 listed above.
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915
597
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916
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917
1736
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diff changeset
918 Status of Emacs
597
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919
1736
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920 23: Where does the name "Emacs" come from?
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diff changeset
921
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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922 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he "picked
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parents: 597
diff changeset
923 the name `Emacs' because `E' was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at
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parents: 597
diff changeset
924 the time.". The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT by
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diff changeset
925 RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector (originally Tape Editor
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
926 and COrrector)) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended TECO with
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
927 a "real-time" full screen mode with active keys. Emacs was started by Guy
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
928 Steele <gls@think.com> as a project to unify the many divergent TECO
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
929 command sets and keybindings at MIT.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
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930
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parents: 597
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931 Many people have told me that TECO code looks a lot like line noise. See
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parents: 597
diff changeset
932 alt.lang.teco if you are interested. I think someone has written a TECO
2703
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933 implementation in Emacs Lisp. It would be an interesting project to run
1736
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diff changeset
934 the original TECO Emacs inside of GNU Emacs.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
935
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parents: 597
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936 24: What is the latest version of GNU Emacs?
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parents: 597
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937
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938 GNU Emacs 18.59 is the current version. Fixes from 18.57 include better
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
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939 mail address parsing, an X visual bell speedup, a call-process
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
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940 enhancement, a regexp matching change, the ability to apply a numeric
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
941 argument to a self-inserting digit, getting X resource values from the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
942 RESOURCE_MANAGER property, more reliable shell mode job control, and a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
943 change to copy-keymap. Also, support has been added for many new system
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
944 types. Fixes from 18.55 include the removal of arbitrary limits on the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
945 undo facility.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
946
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
947 According to the January 1992 GNU's Bulletin, "Emacs 18 maintenance
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
948 continues for simple bug fixes.".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
949
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
950 To visit a file with information about what has changed in recent
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
951 versions, type "C-h n".
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parents: 597
diff changeset
952
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parents: 597
diff changeset
953 25: When will GNU Emacs 19 be available?
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parents: 597
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954
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diff changeset
955 Richard Stallman recently (February 19, 1993) posted in gnu.emacs.help !
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parents: 1736
diff changeset
956 the following: !
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diff changeset
957 !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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958 People should keep in mind that the successor of Emacs 18 does not !
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959 come from Lucid. Its is GNU Emacs 19. I still can't say exactly when !
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960 public release is going to be, but we are about to start testing at a !
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961 number of sites. !
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diff changeset
962 !
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963 GNU Emacs 19 will support a broad spectrum of machines, like Emacs !
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diff changeset
964 18. Ensuring this is the purpose of the testing we are about to do. !
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965 !
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diff changeset
966 (Please don't volunteer; we have enough pretesters, and if more people !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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967 offer, dealing with those messages will slow things down.) !
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parents: 1736
diff changeset
968 !
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969 Once we make sure it is indeed working reliably on various different !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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970 systems, we will have a public beta test release. !
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parents: 1736
diff changeset
971 !
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972 Emacs 19 does support adding properties to ranges of text, and using !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
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973 these to switch fonts. In the future, the Epoch people will help !
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974 merge support for variable-width fonts. !
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975 !
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976 Meanwhile, I have almost finished updating the Emacs Lisp manual. Its !
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977 next edition will describe Emacs 19. There will be an announcement !
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978 when we know when this edition will be available. !
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979
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980 Lucid has released Lucid GNU Emacs 19.6, which is based on an early !
1736
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981 unreleased version of GNU Emacs 19. This will be similar to Emacs 19 when
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
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982 it finally arrives, but they are not the same. See question 121.
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983
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984 Work has begun on features for Emacs 20.
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parents: 597
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985
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986 26: What is different about GNU Emacs 19?
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987
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988 From the January 1992 GNU's Bulletin:
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989
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990 Version 19 will enter beta test late this year. Among its new features
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
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991 are: before and after change hooks, source-level debugging of Emacs Lisp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
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992 programs, X selection processing (including clipboard selections),
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
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993 scrollbars, support for European character sets, floating point numbers,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
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994 per-buffer mouse commands, X resource manager interfacing,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
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995 mouse-tracking, Lisp-level binding of function keys, multiple X windows
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
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996 (`screens' to Emacs), a new input system, and buffer allocation, which
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
997 uses a new mechanism capable of returning storage to the system when a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
998 buffer is killed.
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999
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1000 The input stream is now a sequence of Lisp objects, instead of a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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1001 sequence of characters. This allows a reasonable representation for
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1002 mouse clicks, function keys, menu selections, etc.
597
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1003
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1004 Thanks go to Alan Carroll and the people who worked on Epoch for
1736
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parents: 597
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1005 generating initial feedback to a multi-windowed Emacs, and to Eric
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1006 Raymond for help in polishing the Emacs 19 Lisp libraries.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
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1007
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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1008 The June 1991 GNU's bulletin had this to say about future plans for Emacs:
597
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1009
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1010 Features being considered for later releases of Emacs include:
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1011 associating property lists with regions of text in a buffer; multiple
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1012 fonts, color, and pixmaps defined by those properties; different
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1013 visibility conditions for the regions, and for various windows showing
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1014 one buffer; hooks to be run if point or mouse moves outside a certain
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1015 range; incrementally saving undo history in a file; static menu bars;
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1016 and better pop-up menus.
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1017
1736
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1018 Mention of this feature disappeared in the January 1992 GNU's bulletin:
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1019
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1020 Emacs 19 supports two styles of multiple windows, one with a separate
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1021 screen for the minibuffer, and another with a minibuffer attached to
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1022 each screen.
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1023
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1024 Mention of these two proposed features disappeared in the January 1991
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1025 GNU's bulletin:
597
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1026
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1027 * Incremental syntax analysis for various programming languages (Leif).
134
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parents:
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1028 * A more sophisticated emacsclient/server model, which would provide
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1029 network transparent Emacs widget functionality.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1030
1736
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1031 27: What variants of GNU Emacs exist?
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1032
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1033 * Nemacs (Nihongo Emacs), which can handle Japanese text, is derived from
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diff changeset
1034 GNU Emacs 18.55. See question 149.
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1035
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1036 * Demacs, which can run under MS-DOS on 386 machines, is derived from
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1037 Nemacs. See question 122.
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1038
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1039 * Epoch, which has better X support, is derived from GNU Emacs 18.58.
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1040 See question 120 and 92.
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diff changeset
1041
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1042 * Nepoch (Nihongo Epoch), which can handle Japanese text, is derived from
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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diff changeset
1043 Epoch.
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1044
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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1045 * Mule (the MULtilingual Enhancement of GNU Emacs) can handle many
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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1046 character sets simultaneously. It is derived from Emacs 18.58. It is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
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diff changeset
1047 available for FTP:
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diff changeset
1048
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diff changeset
1049 /sh.wide.ad.jp:/JAPAN/mule/
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diff changeset
1050 /etlport.etl.go.jp:/pub/mule/
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1051
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1052 * Lucid GNU Emacs is derived from an early unreleased version of GNU Emacs
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1053 19. See question 121 and 92.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1054
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1055
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1056
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1057 GNU Emacs FAQ: Common Requests/Problems
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1058
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1059 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x $" to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1060 get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look at the text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1061 of the answers, just type "C-x $".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1062
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1063 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a C-r if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1064 that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1065
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1066 A `+' in the 78th column means something was inserted on the line. A `-' means
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1067 something was deleted and a `!' means some combination of insertions and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1068 deletions occurred.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1069
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1070 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also see the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1071 `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers' newsgroup, or send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1072 e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on a body line, or use FTP,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1073 WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1074
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1075
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1076
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1077 Common Things People Want To Do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1078
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1079 28: How do I set up a .emacs file properly?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1080
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1081 See `Init File' in the on-line manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1082
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1083 WARNING: In general, new Emacs users should not have .emacs files, because
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1084 it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send questions to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1085 help-gnu-emacs asking why Emacs isn't behaving as documented. :-)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1086
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1087 29: How do I debug a .emacs file?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1088
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1089 First start Emacs with the `-q' command line option. Then, in the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1090 *scratch* buffer, type the following:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1091
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1092 (setq debug-on-error t) LFD
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1093 (load-file "~/.emacs") LFD
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1094
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1095 (Type LFD by pressing C-j.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1096
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1097 If you have an error in your .emacs file, this will invoke the debugger
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1098 when the error occurs. If you don't know how to use the debugger do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1099 (setq stack-trace-on-error t) instead.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1100
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1101 WARNING: this will not discover errors caused by trying to do something
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1102 that requires the terminal/window-system initialization code to have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1103 been loaded. See question 127.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1104
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1105 30: How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1106
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1107 To find out what line of the buffer you are on right now, do "M-x
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1108 what-line". Use "M-x goto-line" to go to a specific line. To find the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1109 current column number, type "M-ESC (current-column)".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1110
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1111 Typing "C-x l" will also tell you what line you are on, provided the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1112 buffer isn't separated into "pages" with C-l characters. In that case, it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1113 will only tell you what line of the current "page" you are on. WARNING:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1114 "C-x l" gives the wrong value when point is at the beginning of a line.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1115
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1116 There is no "correct" way to constantly display the current (or total)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1117 line (or column) number on the mode line in Emacs 18, or to display the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1118 line numbers next to the lines like vi can. Emacs is not a line-oriented
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1119 editor, and really has no idea what "lines" of the buffer are displayed in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1120 the window. It would require a lot of work at the C code level to make
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1121 Emacs keep track of this. It would not be that hard to get the column
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1122 number, but it would still require changes at the C code level.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1123
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1124 None of the vi emulation modes provide the `set number' capability of vi
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1125 (as far as I know).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1126
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1127 Emacs 19 will probably be able to show the line number on the mode-line,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1128 but probably very inefficiently.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1129
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1130 People have written various kludges to display line numbers. One is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1131 `display-line-numbers' by Wayne Mesard <wmesard@tofu.oracle.com,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1132 Mesard@bbn.com>. Look in the Lisp Code Directory. (See question
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1133 88.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1134
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1135 31: How do I turn on Abbrevs by default just in mode XXX?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1136
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1137 Put this in your .emacs file:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1138
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1139 (condition-case ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1140 (read-abbrev-file nil t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1141 (file-error nil))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1142
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1143 (setq XXX-mode-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1144 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1145 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1146 (setq abbrev-mode t))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1147
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1148 32: How do I turn on Auto-Fill mode by default?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1149
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1150 To turn on Auto-Fill mode just once for one buffer, use "M-x
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1151 auto-fill-mode". To turn it on for every buffer in, for example, Text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1152 mode, do this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1153
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1154 (setq text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1155
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1156 If you want Auto-Fill mode on in all major modes, do this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1157
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1158 (setq-default auto-fill-hook 'do-auto-fill)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1159
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1160 33: How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1161
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1162 If you want to use XXX mode for all files which end with the extension
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1163 `.YYY', this will do it for you:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1164
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1165 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.YYY\\'" . XXX-mode) auto-mode-alist))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1166
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1167 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1168 edit in XXX mode:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1169
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1170 -*-XXX-*-
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1171
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1172 34: How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1173 characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1174
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1175 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1176 example, `\237', you can type "C-s C-q 2 3 7". (This assumes the value of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1177 search-quote-char is 17 (ie., C-q).) Searching for ALL unprintable
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1178 characters is best done with a "regexp" search. The easiest regexp to use
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1179 for the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1180 printable chars.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1181
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1182 Regexp for the printable chars: [\t\n\r\f -~]
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1183
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1184 Regexp for the unprintable chars: [^\t\n\r\f -~]
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1185
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1186 To type some of these special characters in an interactive argument to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1187 isearch-forward-regexp or re-search-forward, you need to use C-q. (`\t',
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1188 `\n', `\r', and `\f' stand respectively for TAB, LFD, RET, and C-l.) So,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1189 to search for unprintable characters using re-search-forward:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1190
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1191 M-x re-search-forward RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1192
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1193 Using isearch-forward-regexp:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1194
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1195 M-C-s [^ TAB RET C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~]
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1196
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1197 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use a replace-regexp:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1198
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1199 M-x replace-regexp RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET RET
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1200
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1201 Replacing is similar to the above. {I need to write the text for this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1202 part of the answer!}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1203
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1204 Notes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1205
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1206 * With isearch, you can type RET to get a quoted LFD (not a quoted RET).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1207
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1208 * You don't need to quote TAB with either isearch or typing something in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1209 the minibuffer.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1210
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1211 Here are the Emacs Lisp forms of the above regexps:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1212
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1213 ;; regexp matching all printable characters:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1214 "[\t\n\r\f -~]"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1215
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1216 ;; regexp matching all unprintable characters:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1217 "[^\t\n\r\f -~]"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1218
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1219 35: How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1220
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1221 There are ways to get highlighting (reverse video, inverse video) in GNU
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1222 Emacs 18.59, but either they require patching the C code of Emacs and
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1223 rebuilding, or they are slow and the highlighting disappears if you scroll
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1224 or redraw the screen and it can not follow the point. Howard Gayle's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1225 patches for 8-bit output appear to allow highlighting (see question
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1226 ^8-bit-output). Another patch for highlighting is by Kenichi Handa
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1227 <handa@etl.go.jp>. There is a patch for use with X by Andy Norman
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1228 <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com> (and modified for 18.57 by Matthieu Herrb
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1229 <matthieu@laas.fr>), which is available for FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1230
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1231 /laas.laas.fr:pub/emacs/patch-X11-18.55
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1232 /laas.laas.fr:pub/emacs/patch-X11-18.57
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1233
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1234 You can highlight regions in a variety of ways in Epoch and Lucid Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1235 GNU Emacs 19 may not be able to just temporarily highlight a region.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1236
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1237 Similar comments apply to displaying text in different fonts, except that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1238 it is even harder.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1239
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1240 36: How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1241
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1242 For searching, the value of the variable case-fold-search determines
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1243 whether they are case sensitive:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1244
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1245 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1246 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1247
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1248 Similarly, for replacing the variable case-replace determines whether
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1249 replacements preserve case.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1250
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1251 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1252 mode's hook. For example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1253
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1254 (setq XXX-mode-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1255 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1256 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1257 (setq case-fold-search nil))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1258
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1259 37: How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1260
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1261 M-x auto-fill-mode. The default maximum line width is 74, determined by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1262 the variable fill-column. To find how to turn this on automatically see
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1263 question 32.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1264
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1265 38: Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1266
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1267 Use Ispell. See question 119.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1268
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1269 39: How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1270
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1271 If you want to spell-check TeX or *roff documents with Ispell, you need to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1272 arrange for a filter program that understands how to strip TeX or *roff
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1273 formatting commands to be run. In the TeX distribution, there are several
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1274 different programs named `detex', all with incompatible options, and a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1275 very old pair of programs named `detex' and `delatex', which should
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1276 probably be avoided. The most useful one for Ispell is `detex' by Daniel
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1277 Trinkle. A more recent version is available via FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1278
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1279 /arthur.cs.purdue.edu:pub/trinkle/detex-2.4.tar
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1280
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1281 Raphael Cerf <cerf@clipper.ens.fr> recently released a program for this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1282 named `xetal':
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1283
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1284 /spi.ens.fr:pub/unix/tex/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1285
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1286 There is a program that comes with Unix named `deroff' for stripping
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1287 formatting commands from *roff files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1288
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1289 Here is an example of code you can put in a .emacs file to use these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1290 programs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1291
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1292 ;; Based on suggestions by David G. Grubbs <dgg@ksr.com> and Paul Palmer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1293 ;; <palmerp@math.orst.edu>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1294
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1295 ;; Assuming the use of detex 2.3 by Daniel Trinkle:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1296 ;; -w means one word per line.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1297 ;; -n means don't expand \input or \include commands.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1298 ;; -l means force LaTeX mode.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1299
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1300 (require 'ispell) ; for the make-variable-buffer-local statements
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1301 (setq plain-TeX-mode-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1302 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1303 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1304 (setq ispell-filter-hook "detex")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1305 (setq ispell-filter-hook-args '("-nw")))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1306 (setq LaTeX-mode-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1307 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1308 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1309 (setq ispell-filter-hook "detex")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1310 (setq ispell-filter-hook-args '("-lnw")))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1311 (setq nroff-mode-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1312 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1313 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1314 (setq ispell-filter-hook "deroff")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1315 (setq ispell-filter-hook-args '("-w")))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1316
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1317 You will have to adjust the arguments for programs other than Trinkle's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1318 detex or for other versions of deroff. Experiment running the command
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1319 from the shell to find the correct options. If you don't have a filter
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1320 that knows how to output one word per line, you must pipe its output
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1321 through another filter to break up the output.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1322
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1323 40: How do I change load-path?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1324
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1325 In general, you should only *add* to the load-path. You can add
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1326 directory /XXX/YYY to the load path like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1327
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1328 (setq load-path (append load-path '("/XXX/YYY/")))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1329
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1330 To do this relative to your home directory:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1331
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1332 (setq load-path (append load-path (list (expand-file-name "~/YYY/"))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1333
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1334 41: How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1335
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1336 The `emacsclient' program is for editing a file using an already running
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1337 Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does this by sending a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1338 request to the already running Emacs, which must be expecting the request.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1339
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1340 * Setup
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1341
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1342 Emacs must have executed the `server-start' function for emacsclient to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1343 work. This can be done either by a command line option:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1344
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1345 emacs -f server-start
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1346
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1347 or by invoking server-start from the .emacs file:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1348
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1349 (if (some conditions are met) (server-start))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1350
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1351 When this is done, Emacs starts a subprocess running a program called
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1352 `server'. `server' creates a Unix domain socket in the user's home
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1353 directory named `.emacs_server'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1354
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1355 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke emacsclient, try
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1356 setting the environment variable EDITOR (or sometimes VISUAL) to the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1357 value `emacsclient'. You may have to specify the full pathname of the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1358 emacsclient program instead. Examples:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1359
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1360 # csh commands:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1361 setenv EDITOR emacsclient
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1362 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient # using full pathname
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1363
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1364 # sh command:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1365 EDITOR=emacsclient export EDITOR
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1366
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1367 * Normal use
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1368
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1369 When emacsclient is run, it connects to the `.emacs_server' socket and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1370 passes its command line options to `server'. When `server' receives
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1371 these requests, it sends this information on the the Emacs process,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1372 which at the next opportunity will visit the files specified. (Line
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1373 numbers can be specified just like with Emacs.) The user will have to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1374 switch to the Emacs window by hand. When the user is done editing a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1375 file, the user can type "C-x #" to indicate this. This will switch to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1376 another buffer created at the request of emacsclient if there are any.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1377 When "C-x #" has been invoked on all of the files that the emacsclient
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1378 requested to be edited, Emacs will send notification of this to `server'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1379 which will pass this on to the emacsclient, which will then exit.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1380
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1381 NOTE: `emacsclient' and `server' must be running on machines which share
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1382 the same filesystem for this to work. The pathnames that emacsclient
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1383 specifies should be correct for the filesystem that the Emacs process
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1384 sees. The Emacs process should not be suspended at the time emacsclient
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1385 is invoked. emacsclient should either be invoked from another X window or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1386 from a shell window inside Emacs itself.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1387
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1388 There is an enhanced version of emacsclient/server called `gnuserv' by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1389 Andy Norman <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com> which is available in the Emacs Lisp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1390 Archive. gnuserv uses Internet domain sockets, so it can work across most
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1391 network connections. It also supports the execution of arbitrary Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1392 Lisp forms and also does not require the client program to wait for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1393 completion. It is available via anonymous FTP (Emacs Lisp Archive:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1394 packages/gnuserv.shar).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1395
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1396 42: How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1397
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1398 Write a program which runs the compiler as a child and filters its output,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1399 rearranging as necessary. Install with same name as compiler somewhere in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1400 path.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1401
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1402 Keith Moore <moore@cs.utk.edu> wrote one such for a C compiler under AIX.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1403 Available via FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1404
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1405 /cs.utk.edu:readonly/aixcc.lex
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1406
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1407 Jim Frost <jimf@saber.com> wrote another for the IBM xlc compiler on the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1408 RS/6000. (I don't know if these are both for the same compiler.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1409 Johnathan Vail <vail@tegra.COM> wrote something for a High C compiler
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1410 (`hc', which is one of the compilers on the RS/6000, although I think
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1411 Johnathan wrote his program for hc on a different computer).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1412
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1413 43: How do I indent switch statements like this?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1414
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1415 Many people want to indent their switch statements like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1416
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1417 f()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1418 {
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1419 switch(x) {
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1420 case A:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1421 x1;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1422 break;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1423 case B:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1424 x2;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1425 break;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1426 default:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1427 x3;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1428 }
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1429 }
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1430
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1431 I don't believe there is any way to do this exactly without modifying the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1432 Lisp code in c-mode.el. You can set c-indent-level to 4 and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1433 c-label-offset to -2, but this has bad effects elsewhere. {Anyone have a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1434 solution?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1435
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1436 44: How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1437
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1438 There is no completely correct way of doing this that does not involve
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1439 rewriting all commands or writing your own top-level command loop (not a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1440 completely bad idea). Wayne Mesard <wmesard@pescadero.stanford.edu> has
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1441 written a particularly advanced kludge called `hscroll.el' that checks
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1442 once a second to make sure point is visible.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1443
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1444 45: How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1445
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1446 M-x overwrite-mode (a minor mode).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1447
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1448 46: How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1449
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1450 Martin R. Frank <martin@cc.gatech.edu> writes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1451
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1452 Tell Emacs to use the 'visible bell' instead of the audible bell, and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1453 set the visible bell to nothing.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1454
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1455 Put this in your TERMCAP environment variable:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1456
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1457 ... :vb=: ...
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1458
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1459 And evaluate this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1460
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1461 (setq visible-bell t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1462
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1463 47: How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1464
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1465 Under versions of Emacs before 18.58, the bell volume was annoying loud
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1466 and difficult to turn off. So upgrading to 18.58 or higher will reduce
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1467 the volume. If you want to turn it off completely, use `xset'. There is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1468 no way to turn the bell off just for Emacs without affecting all other
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1469 programs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1470
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1471 Under Epoch you can do:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1472
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1473 (setq epoch::bell-volume 20)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1474
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1475 Stu Grossman <grossman@sunburn.stanford.edu> wrote a patch that allows the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1476 bell volume to be adjusted from inside Emacs just for Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1477
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1478 48: How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1479 indentation of the previous line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1480
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1481 One solution is Indented Text Mode (M-x indented-text-mode).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1482
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1483 If you have Auto-Fill mode on (a minor mode, see question 32), you can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1484 tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain character sequence, the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1485 "fill prefix". Type the prefix at the beginning of a line, position point
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1486 after it, and then type "C-x ." (set-fill-prefix) to set the fill prefix.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1487 Thereafter, auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1488 beginning of new lines, and M-q (fill-paragraph) will maintain any fill
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1489 prefix when refilling the paragraph.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1490
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1491 NOTE: If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1492 will have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1493 to a new paragraph. To avoid this hassle, try one of the many packages
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1494 available from the Emacs Lisp Archive. Look up `fill' and `indent' in the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1495 Lisp Code Directory for guidance.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1496
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1497 49: How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1498
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1499 If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1500 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will blink the cursor on the matching
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1501 parenthesis.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1502
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1503 M-C-f (forward-sexp) and M-C-b (backward-sexp) will skip over balanced
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1504 parentheses, so you can see which parentheses match. (You can train it to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1505 skip over balanced brackets and braces at the same time by modifying the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1506 syntax table.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1507
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1508 Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the % key show the matching
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1509 parenthesis, like in vi. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1510 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1511
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1512 ;; By an unknown contributor
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1513
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1514 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1515
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1516 (defun match-paren (arg)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1517 "Go to the matching parenthesis if on parenthesis otherwise insert %."
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1518 (interactive "p")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1519 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1520 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1521 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1)))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1522
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1523 50: In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1524 commands are handled by the compiler?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1525
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1526 M-x hide-ifdef-mode. (This is a minor mode.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1527
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1528 You may have to (load "hideif") first. If you want to do this regularly,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1529 put this in your .emacs file:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1530
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1531 (autoload 'hide-ifdef-mode "hideif" nil t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1532
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1533 {Yes, I know, this should be in lisp/loaddefs.el already.}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1534
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1535 51: Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1536
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1537 (`.' is the redo command in vi. It redoes the last insertion/deletion.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1538
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1539 No, not really.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1540
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1541 You can type "C-x ESC" (repeat-complex-command) to reinvoke commands that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1542 used the minibuffer to get arguments. In repeat-complex-command you can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1543 type M-p and M-n to scan through all the different complex commands you've
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1544 typed.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1545
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1546 To repeat something on each line I recommend using keyboard macros.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1547
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1548 52: What are the valid X resource settings (ie., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1549
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1550 See the Emacs man page, or the etc/OPTIONS file. Ignore the information
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1551 in etc/XDOC which is way out of date.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1552
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1553 53: How do I execute a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1554
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1555 There are a number of ways to execute (called "evaluate") an Emacs Lisp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1556 "form":
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1557
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1558 * If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1559 named `.emacs' in your home directory.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1560
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1561 * You can type the form in the *scratch* buffer, and then type LFD (or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1562 C-j) after it. The result of evaluating the form will be inserted in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1563 the buffer.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1564
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1565 * In Emacs-Lisp mode, typing M-C-x evaluates a top-level form before or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1566 around point.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1567
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1568 * Typing "C-x C-e" in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1569 before point and prints its value in the echo area.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1570
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1571 * Typing M-ESC or M-x eval-expression allows you to type a Lisp form in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1572 the minibuffer which will be evaluated.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1573
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1574 * You can use M-x load-file to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp forms in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1575 a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function `load' instead.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1576
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1577 These functions are also used for evaluating Lisp forms:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1578
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1579 load-library, eval-region, eval-current-buffer, require, autoload
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1580
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1581 54: How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1582
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1583 Example: (setq default-tab-width 10).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1584
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1585 55: How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1586
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1587 Type "M-x replace-regexp RET ^ RET > RET".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1588
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1589 To do this only in the region, type "C-x n M-x replace-regexp RET ^ RET
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1590 > RET C-x w".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1591
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1592 WARNING: The command narrow-to-region (C-x n) is disabled by default
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1593 because it can be very confusing (ie., "Oh no! Where did my file go?").
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1594
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1595 56: How do I insert `_^H' before each character in a paragraph to get an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1596 underlined paragraph?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1597
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1598 M-x underline-region.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1599
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1600 57: How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1601
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1602 Use "C-x (" and "C-x )" to make a keyboard macro that invokes the command
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1603 and then type "M-0 C-x e".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1604
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1605 WARNING: any messages your command prints in the echo area will be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1606 suppressed.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1607
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1608 58: How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1609 should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1610
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1611 M-x picture-mode. (This is a minor mode, in theory anyway ...)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1612
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1613 59: How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1614
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1615 You need to modify C source and recompile. Either that or get Epoch or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1616 Lucid Emacs instead. Patches have been written by Robert Forsman
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1617 <thoth@reef.cis.ufl.edu> and Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> to allow Emacs to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1618 iconify itself and by Matt Wette <mwette@mr-ed.jpl.nasa.gov> and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1619 Manavendra K. Thakur <thakur@zerkalo.harvard.edu> (for 18.57, plus icon
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1620 geometry) to allow Emacs to start up iconified. I don't know which of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1621 these patches work together.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1622
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1623 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1624 /csi.jpl.nasa.gov:pub/emax.patch1 (Matt Wette)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1625 /ftp.eu.net:gnu/emacs/FP-Xfun.Z (Johan Vromans)
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1626 /ftp.urc.tue.nl:/pub/tex/emacs/FP-Xfun (Johan Vromans)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1627
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1628 60: How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1629
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1630 See `Regexps' in the online manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1631
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1632 WARNING: The "or" operator is `\|', not `|', and the grouping operators
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1633 are `\(' and `\)'. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is "\\".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1634 Thus, the string syntax for a regular expression like xxx\(foo\|bar\) is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1635 "xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)". Notice the duplicated backslashes!
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1636
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1637 WARNING: Unlike in Unix grep, sed, etc., a complement character set
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1638 ([^...]) can match a newline character (LFD aka C-j aka \n), unless
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1639 newline is mentioned as one of the characters not to match.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1640
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1641 WARNING: The character syntax regexps (eg. `\sw') are not meaningful
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1642 inside character set regexps (eg. `[aeiou]'). (This is actually typical
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1643 for regexp syntax.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1644
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1645 61: How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1646
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1647 The "tags" feature of Emacs includes the command tags-query-replace which
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1648 performs a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the TAGS file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1649 See `Tags:Tags Search' in the online manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1650
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1651 In addition, Martin Boyer has written a package named global-replace which
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1652 will perform a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1653 *compilation* buffer (usually done after a `grep'), which is available via
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1654 anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1655
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1656 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/compile.el.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1657 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/global-replace.el.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1658 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/query.el.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1659
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1660 62: Where is the documentation for `etags'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1661
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1662 `etags' takes options just like a prior version of ctags, so your ctags
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1663 manual (if any) may be useful. Eoin Woods, in comp.emacs, writes the !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1664 following: !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1665 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1666 From reading the source (!) the way I use it is: !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1667 !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1668 for f in `find <args>` !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1669 do !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1670 etags -at -f ETAGS $f !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1671 done !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1672 !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1673 The "-t" option means to create tags for typedefs as well as functions. !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1674 The "-a" option tells it to append to the output file. If you have a !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1675 small number of files (up to a few hundred I think) you can use it !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1676 direct as: !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1677 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1678 etags -f ETAGS file1 file2 file3 ... filen !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1679 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1680 The option list is: !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1681 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1682 -f file - Specify the output file name (Default is "TAGS") !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1683 -a - Append to the output file. (Default is to rewrite it) !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1684 -t - Create tags for typedefs (default is just functions) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1685 -u - Update the output file. Do not re-create it. !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1686 -w - Suppress warnings !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1687 -v - Create vgrind style indexed output (What is vgrind??) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1688 -x - Create cxref style output (default is Emacs Tags) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1689 -e - Emacs tags style output (the default the way I !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1690 compile it) !
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1691 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1692 Having got it working, it works fine! !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1693
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1694
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1695
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1696 Bugs/Problems
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1697
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1698 63: Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1699
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1700 Most installed versions of GNU Emacs will use 24-bit signed integers (and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1701 24-bit pointers) internally. This limits the file size that Emacs can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1702 handle to 8,388,607 bytes (2^23 - 1).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1703
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1704 Leonard N. Zubkoff <lnz@lucid.com> suggests putting the following two
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1705 lines in src/config.h before compiling Emacs to allow for 26-bit integers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1706 and pointers (and thus filesizes of up to 33,554,431 bytes):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1707
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1708 #define VALBITS 26
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1709 #define GCTYPEBITS 5
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1710
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1711 WARNING: This method may result in `ILLEGAL DATATYPE' and other random
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1712 errors on some machines.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1713
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1714 David Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu> gives an explanation of why
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1715 Emacs uses 24 bit integers and pointers:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1716
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1717 Emacs is largely written in a dialect of Lisp; Lisp is a freely-typed
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1718 language in the sense that you can put any value of any type into any
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1719 variable, or return it from a function, and so on. So each value must
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1720 carry a "tag" along with it identifying what kind of thing it is, eg.,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1721 integer, pointer to a list, pointer to an editing buffer, and so on.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1722 Emacs uses standard 32-bit integers for data objects, taking the top 8
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1723 bits for the tag and the bottom 24 bits for the value. So integers (and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1724 pointers) are somewhat restricted compared to true C integers and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1725 pointers.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1726
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1727 Emacs uses 8-bit tags because that's a little faster on byte-oriented
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1728 machines, but there are only really enough tags to require 6 bits.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1729
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1730 64: Why can't Emacs find files in current directory on startup?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1731
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1732 The PWD bug has been fixed as of GNU Emacs 18.59. Read on if you are
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1733 running an older version of Emacs.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1734
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1735 Most likely, you have an environment variable named PWD that is set to a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1736 value other than the name of your current directory. This is most
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1737 likely caused by using two different shell programs. `ksh' and (some
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1738 versions of) `csh' set and maintain the value of the PWD environment
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1739 variable, but `sh' doesn't. If you start sh from ksh, change your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1740 current directory inside sh, and then start Emacs from inside sh, PWD
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1741 will have the wrong value but Emacs will use this value. An invalid
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1742 setting for PWD can also be a problem if you use X Windows and csh on an
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1743 RS/6000. See the etc/OPTIONS file for more details.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1744
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1745 Perhaps an easier solution is not to use two shells. The `chsh' program
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1746 can often be used to change one's default login shell.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1747
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1748 You may have PWD set for other reasons. Another possibility is that you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1749 are setting default-directory from your .emacs file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1750
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1751 Here is a fix by Jim Blandy <jimb@occs.cs.oberlin.edu>:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1752
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1753 >--- emacs/jjj/emacs-18.58/lisp/startup.el Tue Jan 15 23:19:04 1991
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1754 >+++ startup.el Mon Apr 20 00:21:01 1992
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1755 >@@ -81,5 +81,7 @@
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1756 > ;; In presence of symlinks, switch to cleaner form of default directory.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1757 > (if (and (not (eq system-type 'vax-vms))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1758 >- (getenv "PWD"))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1759 >+ (getenv "PWD")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1760 >+ (equal (nthcdr 10 (file-attributes default-directory))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1761 >+ (nthcdr 10 (file-attributes (getenv "PWD")))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1762 > (setq default-directory (file-name-as-directory (getenv "PWD"))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1763 > (unwind-protect
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1764
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1765 65: How do I get rid of the ^M junk in my Shell buffer?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1766
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1767 For tcsh, put this in your `.cshrc' (or `.tcshrc') file:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1768
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1769 if ($?EMACS) then
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1770 if ("$EMACS" == t) then
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1771 if ($?tcsh) unset edit
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1772 stty nl
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1773 endif
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1774 endif
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1775
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1776 Or put this in your .emacs_tcsh file:
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1777
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1778 unset edit
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1779 stty nl
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1780
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1781 Alternatively, use csh in your Shell buffers instead of tcsh. One way
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1782 is:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1783
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1784 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1785
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1786 and another is to do this in your .cshrc (or .tcshrc) file:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1787
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1788 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1789
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1790 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1791 set for this to take effect.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1792
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1793 66: Why do I get `Process shell exited abnormally with code 1'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1794
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1795 The most likely reason for this message is that the `env' program is not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1796 properly installed. This program should be compiled (for the correct
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1797 architecture!) and installed with execute permission for everyone in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1798 Emacs's program directory, which is normally /usr/local/emacs/etc. You
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1799 can find what this directory is at your site by inspecting the value of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1800 the variable exec-directory by typing "C-h v exec-directory RET". `env'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1801 should also be for the correct architecture (check using `file' command).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1802
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1803 You should also check for other programs named `env' in your path (eg.,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1804 SunOS has a program named /usr/bin/env). I don't understand why this can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1805 cause a failure and I don't know a general solution for working around the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1806 problem in this case.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1807
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1808 The `make clean' command will remove `env' and other vital programs, so be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1809 careful when using it.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1810
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1811 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1812 as an X client from an xterm window (ie. had a controlling tty) but the
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1813 xterm was later terminated.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1814
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1815 See also etc/PROBLEMS for other possible causes of this message.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1816
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1817 67: Why can't I cut from Emacs and paste in other X programs?
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1818
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1819 Emacs stores things you "cut" in the X "cut buffers". It also pastes from
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1820 the cut buffer `CUT_BUFFER0'. This is obsolete. Most modern X programs
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1821 now expect to work with "selections" instead of cut buffers, although some
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1822 like `xterm' will try to use the cut buffers if the selection is null.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1823
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1824 Emacs 18.58 contains a "fix" that makes xterm work by default. This
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1825 "fix" is that Emacs clears the `PRIMARY' selection when it stores
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1826 something in the cut buffer. By making the selection null, xterm will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1827 then fetch from the cut buffer when you try to paste.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1828
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1829 For versions of Emacs prior to 18.58, you can make pasting from Emacs into
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1830 xterm work with the following X resources:
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1831
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1832 ! Solution by Thomas Narten, should work under X11R3 and later GNU
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1833 ! Emacs only copies to CUT_BUFFER0. xterm by default wants to paste
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1834 ! from the PRIMARY selection.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1835 XTerm*VT100.Translations: #override \
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1836 ~Meta <Btn2Up>: insert-selection(CUT_BUFFER0,PRIMARY)
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1837
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1838 You may have problems copying between Emacs and programs other than xterm
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1839 that won't store cut text in the cut buffers or look in the cut buffers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1840 for text to paste (for backwards compatibility with obsolete applications
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1841 like Emacs :-). The best workaround is to use the `xcutsel' program as an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1842 intermediary.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1843
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1844 This problem does not exist for Epoch or Lucid Emacs.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1845
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1846 68: Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type `emacs'?
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1847
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1848 The termcap entry for terminal type `emacs' is ordinarily put in the
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1849 TERMCAP environment variable of subshells. It may help in certain
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1850 situations (eg., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an entry for
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1851 `emacs' to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a correct termcap entry
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1852 for `emacs':
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1853
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1854 emacs:tc=unknown:
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1855
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1856 To make a terminfo entry for `emacs', use `tic' or `captoinfo'. You need
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1857 to generate /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs. It may work to simply copy
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1858 /usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb to /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1859
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1860 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1861 programs in shell buffers. Use M-x terminal-emulator for that instead.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1862
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1863 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1864 change terminal type `emacs' to type `dumb' or `unknown' in your shell
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1865 start up file. `csh' users could put this in their .cshrc files:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1866
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1867 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1868
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1869 69: Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying `I-search:' and beeping?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1870
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1871 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1872 sending C-s and C-q for flow control, and Emacs is receiving these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1873 characters and interpreting them as commands. (The C-s character normally
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1874 invokes the isearch-forward command.) For possible solutions, see
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1875 question 131.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1876
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1877 70: Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1878
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1879 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1880 gethostbyname than the rest of the programs on the machine. This is often
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1881 manifested as a message on startup of `X server not responding. Check
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1882 your DISPLAY environment variable.' or a message of `Unknown host' from
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1883 open-network-stream.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1884
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1885 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1886 library. The version of gethostbyname in the static C library may only
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1887 look in /etc/hosts and the NIS (YP) maps, while the version in the dynamic
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1888 C library may be smart enough to check DNS in addition to or instead of
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1889 NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V R3.6, the version of
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1890 gethosbyname in the standard library works, but the one that works with
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1891 NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet). Other operating systems have
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1892 similar problems.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1893
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1894 Try these options:
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1895
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1896 * Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to /etc/hosts.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1897
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1898 * Relink Emacs with this line in src/config.h:
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1899
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diff changeset
1900 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1901
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1902 * Replace gethostbyname and friends in libc.a with more useful versions
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1903 such as the ones in libresolv.a. Then relink Emacs.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1904
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1905 * If you are actually running NIS, make sure that `ypbind' is properly
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1906 told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1907
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1908 * Use tcp.el and tcp.c from GNUS. This has the additional advantage that
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1909 you can use numeric IP addresses instead of names. open-network-stream
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1910 currently can't handle numeric addresses. Brian Thomson
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1911 <thomson@hub.toronto.edu> has a enhancement to open-network-stream to
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1912 allow it to handle numeric addresses.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1913
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diff changeset
1914 71: Why does Emacs say `Error in init file'?
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1915
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diff changeset
1916 An error occurred while loading either your .emacs file or the system-wide
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1917 lisp/default.el file. For information on how to debug your .emacs file,
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
1918 see question 29.
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diff changeset
1919
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diff changeset
1920 It may be the case that you may need to load some package first, or use a
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1921 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case of
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diff changeset
1922 this is explained in question 127.
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diff changeset
1923
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diff changeset
1924 72: Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1925
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diff changeset
1926 * Try compiling Emacs with the XBACKWARDS macro defined. There is a bug
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1927 in some implementations of XGetDefault, which do not correspond to the
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1928 documentation or the header files.
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diff changeset
1929
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1930 * Make sure you are either using the class name of `Emacs' (oops,
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1931 apparently this is buggy in Emacs 18.58!) or the correct instance name.
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diff changeset
1932 The instance name is normally the same as the name of the file Emacs is
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diff changeset
1933 in (ie., the last part of argv[0]), but this can be overridden by -rn
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
1934 command line option or the WM_RES_NAME environment variable.
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diff changeset
1935
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diff changeset
1936 WARNING: Reports say using the class name fails in Emacs 18.58.
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diff changeset
1937
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diff changeset
1938 WARNING: The advice the man page gives to use `emacs' is often wrong.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1939
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diff changeset
1940 WARNING: Older versions of Emacs got the class name wrong.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1941
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diff changeset
1942 * Emacs currently ignores the -xrm command line argument.
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parents: 597
diff changeset
1943
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diff changeset
1944 * Emacs does not yet handle X11R5 screen-specific resources.
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diff changeset
1945
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diff changeset
1946 * Emacs has a bug where it ignores color specifications if running on a
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diff changeset
1947 1-bit display (ie. a non-color display).
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diff changeset
1948
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1949 * I don't think Emacs will use either of the application-specific resource
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diff changeset
1950 files. Thus these environment variables don't affect it: XAPPLRESDIR,
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diff changeset
1951 XUSERFILESEARCHPATH, XFILESEARCHPATH. {Correct?}
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diff changeset
1952
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diff changeset
1953 73: Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1954
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
1955 The usual cause is that the master lock file, `!!!SuperLock!!!' has been
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
1956 left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it.
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
1957
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
1958 Mark Meuer <meuer@geom.umn.edu> says that NeXT NFS has a bug where an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
1959 exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This can cause the
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1960 same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work over NFS anyway,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1961 the best solution is to recompile Emacs with CLASH_DETECTION undefined.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1962
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1963 74: How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1964
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1965 When entering a filename in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1966 a `$' followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1967 behavior, type "$$" instead.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1968
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1969 75: Why does Shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1970
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1971 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its directory.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1972 This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to guess by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1973 recognizing `cd' commands. If you type `cd' followed by a directory name
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1974 with a variable reference (`cd $HOME/bin') or with a shell metacharacter
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1975 (`cd ../lib*'), Emacs will fail to correctly guess the shell's new current
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1976 directory. A huge variety of fixes and enhancements to Shell mode for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1977 this problem have been written to handle this problem. Check the Lisp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1978 Code Directory (see question 88).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1979
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1980 76: Why doesn't my change to load-path work?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1981
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1982 If you added a directory name containing a tilde (~) to your load-path,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1983 expecting the tilde to be interpreted as your home directory, then you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1984 need to do something like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1985
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1986 (setq load-path (mapcar 'expand-file-name load-path))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1987
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1988 77: Why does the cursor always go to the wrong column when I move up or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1989 down one line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1990
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1991 You have inadvertently typed "C-x C-n" (set-goal-column) which sets the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1992 "goal column" to the column where the cursor was. To undo this type
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1993 "C-u C-x C-n".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1994
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1995 If you make this mistake frequently, you might want to unbind or disable
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1996 this command by doing one of these two:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1997
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1998 (define-key ctl-x-map "\C-n" nil)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1999 (put 'set-goal-column 'disabled t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2000
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2001 78: Why does Emacs hang with message `Unknown XMenu error' with X11R4?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2002
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2003 Many different X errors can produce this message. Here is the solution
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2004 to one problem:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2005
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2006 X11 Release 4 (and later, including OpenWindows) enforces some conditions
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2007 in the X protocol that were previously allowed to pass unnoticed. You
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2008 need to put the X11R4 server into X11R3 bug compatibility mode for Emacs's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2009 Xmenu code to work. You can do this with the command `xset bc'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2010
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2011 79: Why doesn't display-time show the load average in the mode line
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2012 anymore?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2013
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2014 In GNU Emacs 18.56, a change was made in the display-time code.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2015 Formerly, in version 18.55, Emacs used a program named `loadst' to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2016 notify Emacs of the change in time every minute. loadst also sent Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2017 the system load average if it was installed with sufficient privilege to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2018 get that information (or was on a system where no such privilege was
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2019 needed). Emacs then displayed this information in the mode line.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2020
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2021 In version 18.56, this code was changed to use a program named `wakeup'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2022 wakeup doesn't send Emacs any information, it's only purpose is to send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2023 Emacs *something* every minute, thus invoking the filter function in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2024 Emacs once a minute. The filter function in Emacs does all the work of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2025 finding the time, date, and load average. However, getting the load
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2026 average requires the privilege to read kernel memory on most systems.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2027 Since giving Emacs this privilege would destroy any security a system
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2028 might have, for almost everyone this is not an option. In addition,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2029 Emacs does not have the code built into it to get this information on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2030 the systems which have special system calls for this purpose, even
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2031 though loadst had code for this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2032
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2033 The solution I use is to get the files lisp/display-time.el and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2034 etc/loadst.c from version 18.55 and use those with 18.58. (I have heard
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2035 a rumor that loadst disappeared because of the legal action Unipress
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2036 threatened against IBM.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2037
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2038 WARNING: Do not install Emacs setgid kmem unless you wish to destroy
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2039 any security your system might have!!!!!!!!!!
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2040
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2041 If you are using Emacs 18.55 or earlier, or already using the solution I
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2042 describe above, read further:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2043
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2044 The most likely cause of the problem is that `loadst' can't read the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2045 special file /dev/kmem. To properly install loadst, it should be either
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2046 setuid to the owner of /dev/kmem, or is should be setgid to the group to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2047 which /dev/kmem belongs. In either case, /dev/kmem should be readable by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2048 its owner or its group, respectively. Assuming the existence of a group
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2049 named `kmem', here is an example of how to do this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2050
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2051 chgrp kmem /dev/kmem
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2052 chmod g+r /dev/kmem
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2053 chgrp kmem /usr/local/emacs/etc/loadst
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2054 chmod g+s /usr/local/emacs/etc/loadst
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2055
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2056 Another possibility is that your version of Unix doesn't have the load
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2057 average data available in /dev/kmem. Your version of Unix might have a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2058 special system call to retrieve this information (eg., inq_stats under
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2059 UMAX), and loadst might not have been enhanced to cope with this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2060
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2061 80: Why does ispell sometimes ignore the local dictionary?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2062
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2063 You need to update the version of Ispell to 2.0.02. (Or you can switch to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2064 version 3.0 which is still in beta-testing.) A patch is available via
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2065 anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2066
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2067 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/ispell/patch2.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2068
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2069 You also need to change a line in ispell.el from:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2070
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2071 (defconst ispell-version "2.0.01") ; Check against output of "ispell -v".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2072
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2073 to:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2074
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2075 (defconst ispell-version "2.0.02") ; Check against output of "ispell -v".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2076
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2077 81: Why does Ispell treat each line as a single word?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2078
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2079 Ispell expects to get its input one word per line. The ispell filter,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2080 which is specified by the variables ispell-filter-hook and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2081 ispell-filter-hook-args, should output at most one word per line.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2082
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2083 82: Are there any security risks in GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2084
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2085 * the `movemail' incident (No, this is not a risk.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2086
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2087 Cliff Stoll in his book `The Cuckoo's Egg' describes this in chapter 4.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2088 The site at LBL had installed the `etc/movemail' program setuid root.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2089 Since `movemail' had not been designed for this situation, a security
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
2090 hole was created and users could get root privileges.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2091
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2092 `movemail' has since been changed so that even if it is installed setuid
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2093 root this security hole will not be a result.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2094
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2095 I have heard unverified reports that the Internet worm took advantage of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2096 this configuration problem.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2097
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2098 * the file-local-variable feature (Yes, a risk, but easy to change.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2099
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2100 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2101 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text near
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2102 the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2103 arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2104 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2105 feature.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2106
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2107 If you set the variable inhibit-local-variables to a non-nil value,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2108 Emacs will display the special local variable settings of a file that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2109 you visit and ask you if you really want them. This variable is not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2110 mentioned in the manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2111
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2112 It is wise to do this in lisp/site-init.el before building Emacs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2113
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2114 (setq inhibit-local-variables t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2115
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2116 If Emacs has already been built, the expression can be put in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2117 lisp/default.el instead, or an individual can put it in their own .emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2118 file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2119
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2120 The ability to exploit this feature by sending e-mail to an RMAIL user
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2121 was fixed sometime after Emacs 18.52. However, any new package that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2122 uses find-file or find-file-noselect has to be careful about this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2123
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2124 For more information, see `File Variables' in the online manual (which,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2125 incidentally, does not describe how to disable the feature).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2126
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2127 There is a new variable in Emacs 18.58 named ignore-local-eval which
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2128 turns out to be useless as currently implemented. Ignore it.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2129
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2130 * synthetic X events (Yes, a risk, use MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 or better.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2131
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2132 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the SendEvent request as
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2133 though they were regular events. As a result, if you are using the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2134 trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
2135 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
2136 anything, including run other processes with your privileges.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2137
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2138 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2139 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2140 authentication mechanism, such as MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1. If using the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2141 `xauth' program has any effect, then you are probably using
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2142 MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1. Your site may be using a superior authentication
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2143 method; ask your system administrator.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2144
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2145 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2146 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2147 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2148 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but DOES
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2149 NOT ELIMINATE THE RISK.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2150
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2151 Lucid GNU Emacs does not accept synthetic X events unless you set a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2152 variable.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2153
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2154 * autosave file permissions (Yes, a risk, hard to work around.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2155
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2156 The file permissions for autosave files are determined solely by the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2157 Emacs process's `umask' value. The permissions of the file being
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2158 autosaved are not used. The easiest workaround is to keep sensitive
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2159 files in protected directories. Sebastian Kremer has written an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2160 enhanced version of the autosave file name picking code that can avoid
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2161 this problem by keeping autosave files in a protected directory. {FTP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2162 information please?} This problem will be fixed in Emacs 19.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2163
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2164
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2165
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2166 Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2167
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2168 83: What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2169
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2170 First look in the file etc/PROBLEMS to see if there is already a solution
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2171 for your problem. Next check the FAQ (you're reading it). If you don't
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2172 find a solution, then report your problem via e-mail to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2173 bug-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. Please do not post it to gnu.emacs.help or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2174 e-mail it to help-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. For further guidelines, see
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2175 question 8.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2176
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2177 84: How do I stop Emacs from failing when the executable is stripped?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2178
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2179 Don't do that.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2180
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2181 This problem has been reported on SGI Indigo machines running Irix 4.0.*
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2182 and RS/6000 machines. Scott Henry <scotth@hoshi.corp.SGi.COM> posted a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2183 patch that fixes the problem for Irix.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2184
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2185 85: Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2186
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2187 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2188 libX11.a. This may be missing.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2189
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2190 Under OpenWindows, you may need to use `add_services' to add the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2191 `OpenWindows Programmers' optional software category from the CD-ROM.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2192
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2193 Under HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run `update' again to load the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2194 X11-PRG `fileset'. This may be missing even if you specified `all
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2195 filesets' the first time. If libcurses.a is missing, you may need to load
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2196 the `Berkeley Development Option' {???}.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2197
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2198 If you are building the MIT X11 sources, you may need to modify your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2199 `site.cf' file to get static versions of the libraries. (Info from David
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2200 Zuhn <zoo@cygnus.com>.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2201
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2202 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2203 CANNOT_DUMP and link with the shared libraries instead.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2204
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2205 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2206 liboldX.a.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2207
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2208 86: Why does Emacs 18.55 say `Fatal error (6).Abort' under SunOS 4.1?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2209
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2210 I had hoped this question would go away after Emacs 18.57 was released,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2211 but people continue to compile 18.55. Easiest solution: upgrade.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2212
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2213 This is a result of the SunOS localtime/tzsetwall malloc bug, which was
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2214 (finally!) fixed in SunOS 4.1.2. If you actually need the full
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2215 explanation, send me e-mail. If you absolutely must compile Emacs 18.55
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2216 (eg., you are compiling Nemacs), the easiest workaround was to put
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2217 `#define SYSTEM_MALLOC' in src/config.h.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2218
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2219
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2220
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2221 GNU Emacs FAQ: Getting Emacs/Packages
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2222
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2223 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x $" to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2224 get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look at the text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2225 of the answers, just type "C-x $".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2226
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2227 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a C-r if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2228 that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2229
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2230 A `+' in the 78th column means something was inserted on the line. A `-' means
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2231 something was deleted and a `!' means some combination of insertions and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2232 deletions occurred.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2233
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2234 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also see the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2235 `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers' newsgroup, or send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2236 e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on a body line, or use FTP,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2237 WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2238
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2239
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2240
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2241 Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2242
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2243 87: Where can I get GNU Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2244
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2245 Look in the files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for information on nearby
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2246 archive sites. If you don't already have GNU Emacs, see question 20
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2247 for how to get these two files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2248
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2249 The latest version is always available via anonymous FTP at MIT:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2250
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2251 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/emacs-18.59.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2252
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2253 See question 91.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2254
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2255 88: How do I find a GNU Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2256
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2257 A listing of Emacs Lisp packages, called the Lisp Code Directory, is being
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2258 maintained by Dave Brennan <brennan@hal.com> and Dave Sill <de5@ornl.gov>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2259 You can search through this list to find if someone has written something
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2260 that fits your needs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2261
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2262 This list is file LCD-datafile.Z in the Emacs Lisp Archive. (See
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2263 question 89 for methods for getting this file.) The files lispdir.el.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2264 and lispdir.doc.Z in the archive contain information to help you use the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2265 list. Once you have installed lispdir.el and LCD-datafile, then you can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2266 use the "M-x lisp-dir-apropos" command to look things up in the database.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2267 For example, the command "M-x lisp-dir-apropos RET ange-ftp RET" produces
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2268 this (outdated) output:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2269
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2270 GNU Emacs Lisp Code Apropos -- "ange-ftp"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2271
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2272 ange-ftp (3.112) 91-08-12
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2273 Andy Norman, <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2274 archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2275 /pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/as-is/ange-ftp.el.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2276 transparent FTP Support for GNU Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2277
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2278 89: Where can I get GNU Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2279
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2280 First, check the Lisp Code Directory to find the name of the package you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2281 are looking for. (See question 88). Then check local archives and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2282 the Emacs Lisp Archive to find a copy of the relevant files. Then, if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2283 you still haven't found it, you can send e-mail to the author asking for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2284 a copy.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2285
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2286 You can access the Emacs Lisp Archive via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2287
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2288 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2289
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2290 Fetch the file README first.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2291
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2292 NOTE: The archive maintainers do not have time to answer individual
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2293 requests for packages or the list of packages in the archive. If you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2294 cannot use FTP or UUCP to access the archive yourself, try to find a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2295 friend who can, but please don't ask the maintainers.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2296
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2297 NOTE: Any files with names ending in `.Z' are compressed, and you should
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2298 use `binary' mode in FTP to retrieve them. You should also use binary
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2299 mode whenever you retrieve any files with names ending in `.elc'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2300
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2301 90: How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2302
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2303 Submissions should be mailed to elisp-archive@cis.ohio-state.edu. The
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2304 lispdir.el package has a function named submit-lcd-entry which will help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2305 you with this. Mail messages (submissions) are automatically saved and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2306 periodically archived. Urgent mail may be sent directly to Dave Sill
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2307 <de5@ornl.gov> or Dave Brennan <brennan@hal.com> or should contain the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2308 string `urgent' in the subject. The incoming ftp directory is no longer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2309 available at the request of Ohio State. {Is this still true?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2310
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2311 However, if someone has a submission with multiple files (which would be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2312 archived as a tar file) or binary files, then FTP transfer is preferred
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2313 and can be arranged via an anonymous FTP site. This is faster than
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2314 uudecoding, unsharing, etc., and re-packaging files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2315
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2316 Before submitting anything, please read the file guidelines.Z, which is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2317 available in the archive. Whenever possible, submissions should contain a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2318 complete LCD entry since this helps reduce administrative overhead for the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2319 maintainers. You can include an entry in this format:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2320
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2321 ;; LCD Archive Entry:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2322 ;; package name|author's name|email address
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2323 ;; |description
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2324 ;; |date|version|archive path
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2325
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2326 For example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2327
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2328 ;; LCD Archive Entry:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2329 ;; tex-complete|Sebastian Kremer|sk@thp.Uni-Koeln.DE
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2330 ;; |Minibuffer name completion for editing [La]TeX.
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
2331 ;; |91-03-26|$Revision: 1.4 $|~/packages/tex-complete.el.Z !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2332
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2333 Dave Brennan has software which automatically looks for data in this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2334 format. The format is fairly flexible. The entry ends when a line is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2335 reached with a different prefix or the seventh field terminator is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2336 seen.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2337
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2338 If you are submitting a multi-file submission you should include a file
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2339 named "LCD-entry" which contains the archive entry, instead of placing
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2340 it in one or more of the individual files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2341
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2342 91: Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2343
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2344 The most up-to-date official GNU stuff is normally kept on prep.ai.mit.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2345 and is available for anonymous FTP in the pub/gnu directory. See the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2346 files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for more information. (To get copies of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2347 these files, see question 20.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2348
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2349 The following sites are all mirror images of the GNU distribution area:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2350
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2351 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2352 /ftp.uu.net:packages/gnu/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2353 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/ (available via FTP, NIFTP, FTAM)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2354 /ftp.win.tue.nl:pub/gnu/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2355 /utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:ftpsync/prep/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2356 /nic.funet.fi:pub/gnu/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2357
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2358 The directory at ftp.uu.net is a mirror of prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2359 except that files larger than 1 megabyte {right?} are automatically
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2360 split into multiple parts. If you have trouble transferring large
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2361 files, you should try here. A file normally named `XXX' is split into
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2362 files XXX-split/part[0-9][0-9], and there will be a file named
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2363 XXX-split/README which contains the list of parts (especially helpful
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2364 when FTP-ing by e-mail), their checksums, and reassembly instructions.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2365 Some of the other mirror sites may have the same property. {Can someone
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2366 check this out? Thanks!}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2367
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2368 Information was provided by Lee McLoughlin <lmjm@doc.ic.ac.uk>, Jonathan
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2369 R. Ferro <jf41+@ANDREW.CMU.EDU>, Arjan de Vet <devet@win.tue.nl>, and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2370 Simon Marshall <S.Marshall@sequent.cc.hull.ac.uk>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2371
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2372 92: Where can I get an Emacs with better mouse and X window support?
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2373
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2374 Emacs 18 has some limited X Window System support, but there are
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2375 problems. Emacs 19 will have amazing mouse and window support. Right
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2376 now, there are Epoch which is derived from GNU Emacs 18.58 and Lucid GNU
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2377 Emacs which is derived from an early unreleased version of GNU Emacs 19,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2378 both of which have greatly improved mouse and window support. See
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2379 questions 120 and 121.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2380
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2381 The HP unofficial GNU Emacs also has nice mouse support. See question
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2382 95.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2383
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2384 There are numerous Emacs Lisp packages that have been written to extend
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2385 Emacs 18's mouse handling capabilities. Some of these packages also have
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2386 patches to the C code to provide enhanced capabilities. Look up `mouse'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2387 in the Lisp Code Directory (see question 88).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2388
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2389 There is a package called BAM (Born Again Menus) which provides menus for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2390 GNU Emacs via an external C program. It does not provide mouse support in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2391 the Emacs window such as scrollbars, cut-and-paste, etc.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2392
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2393 NOTE: Epoch only works with the X Window System; it works on ordinary
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2394 terminals by invoking regular GNU Emacs. Lucid Emacs does not currently
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2395 work on ordinary terminals, although there are plans to fix this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2396
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2397 93: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and Epoch?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2398
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2399 Marc Andreessen <marca@ncsa.uiuc.edu> writes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2400
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2401 Epoch is GNU Emacs on steroids: an adaptation of GNU Emacs with lots of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2402 additional support for features made possible by the X11 windowing
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2403 system. These features include multiple editing windows, arbitrary
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2404 colors and fonts (fixed-width and proportional), selectable zones per
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2405 buffer with arbitrary display styles (font, color, underline, stipple,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2406 pixmap), an optional separate minibuffer window, improved keyboard and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2407 mouse handling, full 8-bit character set support, and more.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2408
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2409 94: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and Lucid GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2410
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2411 This information is condensed from the release notice:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2412
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2413 Lucid GNU Emacs is based on an early version of GNU Emacs version 19
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2414 with many enhancements. It currently requires X Windows to run. For
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2415 information on where to get Lucid GNU Emacs see 121. X Windows support
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2416 is greatly enhanced over GNU Emacs version 18, including support for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2417 multiple X Windows (a.k.a. screens in Emacs), Zmacs/Lispm style region
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2418 highlighting, a customizable, Motif-like menubar, more powerful keymap
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2419 support (allowing different actions to be associated with Backspace,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2420 Control-h, etc.), flexible text attribute (e.g. font, color) support on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2421 regional and screen-local basis through X resources and/or lisp, and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2422 support for the X11 selection mechanism. Some other features include
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2423 run-time computation of the load-path, support for floating point
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2424 numbers, native timer support, and sound file support on Sun
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2425 SPARCstations. To build Lucid GNU Emacs, an ANSI C compiler (e.g. gcc)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2426 is required.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2427
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2428 95: Where can I get the "unofficial HP GNU Emacs"?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2429
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2430 The unofficial HP GNU Emacs is available via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2431
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2432 /ee.utah.edu:HUGE/ (PLEASE FTP DURING NON-WORK HOURS!!!)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2433
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2434 and takes about 35 megabytes of disk space to build. It is useful for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2435 non-HP machines, but some of the added features will only work under
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2436 HP-UX.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2437
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2438 You will need to get patches to work with HP-UX 8.0 or on 700 series
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2439 machines via e-mail from Darryl Okahata <darrylo@sr.hp.com>.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2440
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2441 96: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2442
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2443 * Demacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2444
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2445 For 386 or 486 PCs running MS-DOS, there is a version of GNU Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2446 called Demacs. To get Demacs see question 122.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2447
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2448 From the announcement message:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2449
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2450 Demacs is almost a full set of GNU Emacs but does not support some
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2451 features: asynchronous process, locking a file, etc.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2452
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2453 Demacs provides following DOS specific features:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2454
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2455 * File type: text or binary file translation.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2456 * "8-bit clean" display mode.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2457 * 8086 software interrupt call by int86 lisp function.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2458 * Machine specific features such as function key support.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2459 * File name completion with drive name.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2460 * Child process (suspend-emacs, call-process).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2461 * Enhanced dired mode which can work without 'ls.exe'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2462
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2463 To our regret `shell-mode' does not work, but `compile' command works
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2464 properly.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2465
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2466 Demacs was developed using an MS-DOS version of gcc called djgpp by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2467 D. J. Delorie <dj@ctron.com> which can compile and run large programs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2468 under MS-DOS, but not under MS Windows. Demacs was derived from Nemacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2469 rather than straight from GNU Emacs.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2470
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2471 There are a variety of other Emacses for MS-DOS including among them the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2472 following.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2473
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2474 * Freemacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2475
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2476 Russ Nelson <nelson@sun.soe.clarkson.edu>, the author, describes
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2477 Freemacs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2478
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2479 * Freemacs is free, and it was designed from the start to be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2480 programmable.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2481 * Freemacs is the only IBM-PC editor that tries to be like GNU Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2482 * Freemacs can only edit files less than 64K in length.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2483 * Freemacs doesn't have undo.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2484
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2485 Carl Witty <cwitty@cs.stanford.edu> reviews Freemacs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2486
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2487 Better is Freemacs, which follows the tradition of ITS and GNU Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2488 by having an full, turing-complete extension language which is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2489 incompatible with everything else. In fact, it's even closer to ITS
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2490 Emacs than GNU Emacs is, because Mint (Freemacs' extension language)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2491 is absolutely illegible without weeks of study, much like TECO.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2492
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2493 To get Freemacs see question 123.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2494
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2495 * MicroEmacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2496
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2497 MicroEmacs is a descendant of Microemacs {originally by Dave Conroy?}.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2498 It is programmable in a BASIC-like language. Many of the keybindings
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2499 are different from GNU Emacs. The author is Daniel Lawrence -
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2500 <dan@mdbs.uucp, mdbs!dan@ee.ecn.purdue.edu>. The latest version is 3.12 !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2501 and it is available via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2502
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2503 /midas.mgmt.purdue.edu:dist/uemacs312/ (outside business hours) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2504 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2505 Version 3.12 includes Windows and Windows NT versions and a DOS !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2506 protected mode (DMPI) version. !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2507
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2508 * JOVE
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2509
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2510 Another Emacs for small machines is JOVE (Jonathan's Own Version of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2511 Emacs). The latest official version is 4.14. There appears to be a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2512 newer version. People rumored to be working on JOVE include Mark Moraes
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2513 <moraes@cs.toronto.edu> and Bill Marsh <bmarsh@cod.nosc.mil>. It is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2514 available via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2515
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2516 /cs.toronto.edu:/pub/moraes/jove4.14.7.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2517
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2518 * MG
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2519
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2520 MG is another descendant of Microemacs. MG used to stand for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2521 MicroGNUEmacs, but now just stands for MG. The look-and-feel of MG is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2522 intended to be close to that of GNU Emacs. It is rumored that MG can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2523 not correctly edit files larger than memory. The current version is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2524 rumored to be 2. There is a version 3 in beta which works on the Amiga.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2525 It is also available via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2526
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2527 /ftp.white.toronto.edu:pub/mg/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2528 /wuarchive.wustl.edu:/mirrors/unix-c/editors/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2529 /procyon.cis.ksu.edu: (source and executable)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2530
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2531 97: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running Windows?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2532
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2533 I believe that no version of GNU Emacs runs under Windows. Pierre Perret
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2534 <pap@myths.az05.bull.com> has ported MicroEMACS 3.11c to Windows.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2535
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2536 Anonymous FTP:
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2537 /ftp.cica.indiana.edu:pub/pc/win3/util/mewin10.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2538 /ftp.cica.indiana.edu:pub/pc/win3/util/mewin10s.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2539 /ftp.cica.indiana.edu:pub/pc/win3/util/mewri.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2540
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2541 98: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2542
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2543 From the OS/2 Programmer's FAQ:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2544
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2545 GNU Emacs 18.58 is available. It requires you to have EMX installed
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2546 on your machine, but it comes with all the EMX files you will need.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2547 Emacs is available on ftp-os2 in /pub/os2/2.0/gnu/emacs. (If you want
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2548 to recompile emacs, you will need the full EMX distribution see
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2549 question 1.2.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2550
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2551 The above quote may be out of date. See the latest OS/2 Programmer's FAQ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2552 {perhaps in comp.os.os2.misc?} for the latest news. Anonymous FTP info:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2553
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2554 /ftp-os2.nmsu.edu:pub/os2/2.0/gnu/emacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2555 ("ftp-os2" was formerly named "hobbes")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2556
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2557 Thanks go to Stephen Simpson <simpson@symcom.math.uiuc.edu>, Jonathan
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2558 Miller <jem+@andrew.cmu.edu>, Terry Kane <terryk@cc.gatech.edu>, J. D.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2559 Baldwin <baldwin@csservera.usna.navy.mil>, and Ken Bass
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2560 <kbass@gmuvax2.gmu.edu>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2561
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2562 99: Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2563
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2564 Emacs 18.57 is the latest version for TOS. Stefan Mueller-Pfeiffer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2565 <iff327@zam001.zam.kfa-juelich.de> says:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2566
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2567 There is also a version for MiNT, the multitasking enhancement for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2568 ATARI's TOS, which behaves almost like EMACS on a "real computer". This
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2569 port was done by Erling Henanger <erlingh@idt.unit.no>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2570
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2571 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2572 /atari.archive.umich.edu:atari/gnustuff/tos/ (TOS Emacs 18.57)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2573 /atari.archive.umich.edu:atari/new/mntemacs.zoo (MiNT Emacs)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2574 /cs.uni-sb.de:/pub/atari/emacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2575
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2576 100: Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2577
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2578 All of the files are lharc-ed.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2579
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2580 Anonymous FTP:
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2581 /oes.orst.edu:/pub/almanac/comp/amiga/software/gnuemacs-1.10/
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2582
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2583 Via e-mail:
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2584 To: almanac@oes.orst.edu
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2585 body:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2586 mode uuencode
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2587 send computer amiga software gnuemacs <file>
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2588 <file> is replaced by one of the following:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2589 Required: d1.lzh d2.lzh
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2590 Recommended: d3_info.lzh d3_infolisp.lzh
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2591 Optional: d3_autoloaded.lzh d3_entertainmentetc.lzh
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2592 d3_entertainmentlisp.lzh d4_src.lzh d5_languagelisp.lzh
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2593 d5_viclone.lzh d6_gnulibsrc.lzh d6_mailpackage.lzh
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2594 d6_mathpackage.lzh d6_misc.lzh d6_textformat.lzh
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2595 The `d#' at the beginning of each file is its disk number, which is
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2596 referred to by the documentation.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2597
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2598 101: Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2599
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2600 The FSF is a participant in a boycott of Apple because of Apple's "look
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2601 and feel" copyright suits. See the file etc/APPLE for more details.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2602 Because of this boycott, the FSF doesn't include support in GNU software
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2603 for Apple computers such as the Macintosh.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2604
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2605 Please don't help people port or develop software for Apple computers.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2606
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2607 102: Where can I get Emacs with NeWS support?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2608
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2609 Chris Maio's NeWS support package for GNU Emacs is available via anonymous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2610 FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2611
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2612 /columbia.edu:pub/ps-emacs.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2613 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/ps-emacs.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2614
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2615 and via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2616
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2617 To: archive-server@columbia.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2618 body: send NeWS emacs-support
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2619
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2620 103: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2621
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2622 Hal R. Brand <BRAND@addvax.llnl.gov> is said to have a VMS save set with a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2623 ready-to-run VMS version of Emacs 18.55 for X Windows. It is available
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2624 via anonymous FTP (addvax.llnl.gov). It is possible that the VMS versions
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2625 of Emacs at other sites have X support compiled in. See etc/FTP for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2626 locations.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2627
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2628 Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> writes:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2629
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2630 Getting Emacs to run on VMS with DECwindows requires a number of changes
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2631 to the sources. Fortunately this has been done already. Joshua Marantz
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2632 <josh@viewlogic.com> did most of the work for Emacs 18.52, and the mods
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2633 were ported to 18.55 by Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl>. Also included is the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2634 handling of DEC's LK201 keyboard. You need to apply the changes to a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2635 fresh Emacs 18.55 distribution on a Unix system, and then you can copy
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2636 the sources to VMS to perform the compile/link/build.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2637
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2638 The set of changes have been posted a number of times three times the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2639 last 12 months, so they should be widely available.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2640
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2641 Richard Levitte <levitte@e.kth.se> tells us that there are patches for
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2642 Emacs 18.57, 18.58, and 18.59 available via e-mail: !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2643
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2644 To: EMACS-FILESERV@e.kth.se !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2645 body: SEND EMACS-1857-PATCHES
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2646 or: SEND EMACS-1858-PATCHES
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2647 or: SEND EMACS-1859-PATCHES +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2648 +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2649 or via anonymous ftp at: +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2650 +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2651 /lucy.merrimack.edu:emacs-1859-patches.share +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2652 +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2653 The set of patches weighs in at around 2.7 MB. +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2654
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2655 104: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne Shell, Csh, C++,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2656 Objective C, Pascal, Awk?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2657
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2658 As usual, look in the Lisp Code Directory (see question 88). For C++,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2659 if you use lisp-dir-apropos, you must specify the pattern like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2660
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2661 M-x lisp-dir-apropos RET c\+\+ RET
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2662
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2663 105: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2664
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2665 If you are at a site with a deficient nameserver, you may need to know
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2666 the IP address of a host to FTP files from it. You can get this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2667 information in two ways:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2668
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2669 * By telnet:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2670
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2671 telnet nic.ddn.mil hostnames (or `telnet 192.112.36.5 101')
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2672 hname XXX.YYY.ZZZ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2673
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2674 * By e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2675
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2676 To: service@nic.ddn.mil
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2677 Subject: host XXX.YYY.ZZZ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2678 or: whois XXX.YYY.ZZZ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2679 or: help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2680
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2681 or:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2682
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2683 To: resolve@cs.widener.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2684 body: site XXX.YYY.ZZZ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2685
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2686 Information from Brendan Kehoe <brendan@cs.widener.edu>.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2687
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2688
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2689
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2690
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2691 Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2692
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2693 This section lists version numbers, FTP sites, mailing lists, newsgroups,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2694 and other information for many important packages, extensions, and related
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2695 programs. There is some overlap with the Lisp Code Directory, but these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2696 entries give more detailed information.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2697
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2698 If you know of any other packages that are so substantial that they
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2699 deserve to be mentioned here, please tell me. Having its own mailing list
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2700 or newsgroup or more than half a megabyte of source code are good signs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2701
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2702 106: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2703
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2704 Author: Kyle Jones <kyle@uunet.uu.net>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2705 Latest released version: 4.41
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2706 Beta test version: 5.32
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2707 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2708 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/vm-4.41.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2709 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/as-is/timer.shar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2710 /ftp.uu.net:mail/vm-4.41.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2711 /ftp.uu.net:mail/vm-5.32beta.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2712 Newsgroups and mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2713 Info-VM:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2714 gnu.emacs.vm.info
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2715 info-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2716 info-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2717 Bug-VM:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2718 gnu.emacs.vm.bug
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2719 bug-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2720 bug-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2721
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2722 107: Supercite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2723
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2724 Author: Barry Warsaw <bwarsaw@cen.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2725 Mailing list: supercite-request@anthem.nlm.nih.gov (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2726 supercite@anthem.nlm.nih.gov (for submissions)
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2727 Latest version: 2.3 !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2728 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2729 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/sc-2.3.tar.Z !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2730 /ftp.cme.nist.gov:pub/gnu/sc2.3.tar.Z !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2731 Via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2732 To: library@cme.nist.gov
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2733 Subject: help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2734 NOTE: Superyank is an old version of Supercite.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2735
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2736 108: GNUS -- news reader within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2737
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2738 Author: Masanobu Umeda <umerin@mse.kyutech.ac.jp>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2739 Latest official version: 3.13
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2740 Unofficial test version: 3.14.1
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2741 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2742 /aun.uninett.no:pub/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z -
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2743 /wnoc-fuk.wide.ad.jp:pub/GNU/etc/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2744 /liasun3.epfl.ch:pub/gnu/emacs/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2745 /aix370.rrz.uni-koeln.de:/pub/gnu/emacs/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2746 /funet.fi:/networking/news/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2747 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:/gnu/EmacsBits/gnus/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2748 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/gnus-3.13.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2749 Newsgroups and mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2750 English-only:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2751 gnu.emacs.gnus
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2752 info-gnus-english-request@cis.ohio-state.edu (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2753 info-gnus-english@cis.ohio-state.edu (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2754 Japanese (and some English):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2755 info-gnus-request@flab.fujitsu.co.jp (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2756 info-gnus@flab.fujitsu.co.jp (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2757
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2758 109: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2759
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2760 Author: Dave Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2761 Latest released version: 2.02
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2762 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2763 /csvax.cs.caltech.edu:pub/calc-2.02.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2764 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/calc-2.02.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2765 NOTE: Unlike Wolfram Research, Dave has never threatened to sue anyone
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2766 for having a program with a similar command language to Calc. :-)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2767
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2768 110: Calendar/Diary -- calendar manager within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2769
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2770 Author: Edward M. Reingold <reingold@cs.uiuc.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2771 Latest version: 4.02
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2772 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2773 /emr.cs.uiuc.edu:pub/emacs/calendar {???}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2774 Via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2775 To: reingold@cs.uiuc.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2776 Subject: send-emacs-cal
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2777 Put your best internet e-mail address in the body.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2778
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2779 111: Ange-FTP -- transparent FTP access for Emacs's file access routines
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2780
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2781 Author: Andy Norman <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2782 Latest official version: 4.20
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2783 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2784 /alpha.gnu.ai.mit.edu:ange-ftp/ange-ftp.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2785 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/ange-ftp.tar.Z
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2786 /ugle.unit.no:pub/gnu/emacs-lisp/ange-ftp.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2787 Mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2788 ange-ftp-lovers-request@anorman.hpl.hp.com (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2789 Ange-FTP Lovers:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2790 ange-ftp-lovers@anorman.hpl.hp.com (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2791 /ftp.reed.edu:pub/mailing-lists/ange-ftp/ (archives)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2792 Ange-FTP Announcements:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2793 ange-ftp-lovers-announce@anorman.hpl.hp.com
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2794 NOTE: now with support for accessing VMS, CMS, and MTS systems
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2795
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2796 112: VIP -- vi emulation for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2797
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2798 Author: Aamod Sane <sane@cs.uiuc.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2799 Latest released version: 4.3
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2800 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2801 /cs.uiuc.edu:pub/vip4.3.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2802 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2803 NOTE: This version much more closely emulates vi than the one
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2804 distributed with Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2805
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2806 113: Dired -- better directory editor for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2807
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2808 Author: Sebastian Kremer <sk@thp.uni-koeln.de>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2809 Latest released version: 5.239
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2810 Anonymous FTP: /ftp.cs.buffalo.edu:pub/Emacs/diredall.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2811 /ftp.uni-koeln.de:pub/gnu/emacs/diredall.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2812 NOTE: This is a huge improvement over the Dired distributed with Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2813 This version will be in Emacs 19.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2814
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2815 114: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2816
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2817 Author: Kresten Krab Thorup <krab@iesd.auc.dk>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2818 Latest released version: 6.1 {???}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2819 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2820 /iesd.auc.dk:pub/emacs-lisp/auctex_6_1d.tar.Z
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2821 /iesd.auc.dk:pub/emacs-lisp/auctex.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2822 Mailing list:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2823 auc-tex-request@iesd.auc.dk (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2824 auc-tex@iesd.auc.dk (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2825 auc-tex_mgr@iesd.auc.dk (auc-tex development team)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2826
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2827 115: Hyperbole -- extensible hypertext management system within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2828
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2829 Author: Bob Weiner <rsw@cs.brown.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2830 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2831 /wilma.cs.brown.edu:pub/hyperbole/ h*.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2832 Mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2833 hyperbole-announce -- Hyperbole release announcements only.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2834 Subscriptions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2835 To: hyperbole-request@cs.brown.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2836 Subject: Add <mailbox@domain.name> to hyperbole-announce
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2837 hyperbole -- Hyperbole discussion.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2838 Subscriptions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2839 To: hyperbole-request@cs.brown.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2840 Subject: Add <mailbox@domain.name> to hyperbole
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2841 Submissions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2842 hyperbole@cs.brown.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2843 NOTE: Any member of the hyperbole mailing list is automatically a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2844 member of the hyperbole-announce mailing list.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2845 NOTE: No .UUCP or ! addresses are allowed on these mailing lists.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2846
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2847 116: Byte Compiler -- enhanced version of Emacs's byte compiler
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2848
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2849 Author: Jamie Zawinski <jwz@lucid.com>,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2850 Hallvard B. Furuseth <hallvard@ifi.uio.no>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2851 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2852 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/bytecomp.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2853 /ftp.uu.net:languages/elisp/packages/bytecomp.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2854 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/EmacsBits/elisp-archive/packages/bytecomp.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2855
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2856 117: comint -- hugely enhanced shell mode and other derived modes
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2857
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2858 Author: Olin Shivers <Olin.Shivers@cs.cmu.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2859 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2860 /cs.cmu.edu:/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/shivers/lib/emacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2861 {comint,cmu{tex,shell,scheme,lisp},ml}.el
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2862 (anonymous password must contain `@',
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2863 cannot cd to intermediate directories)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2864
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2865 118: BBDB -- personal info rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2866
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2867 Author: Jamie Zawinski <jwz@lucid.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2868 Latest released version: 1.47
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2869 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2870 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/bbdb.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2871 Mailing list:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2872 info-bbdb-request@lucid.com (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2873 info-bbdb@lucid.com
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2874 bbdb-announce-request@lucid.com (to be informed of new releases)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2875 Note: BBDB does not work with VM 4. It does work with VM 5, RMAIL, GNUS,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2876 and MH-E.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2877
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2878 119: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2879
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2880 Author: Geoff Kuenning <geoff@itcorp.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2881 Latest released version: 2.0.02
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2882 Beta test version: 3.0 (9 patches)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2883 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2884 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:/pub/gnu/ispell/ (version 2.0.02)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2885 /ftp.cs.ucla.edu:/pub/ispell/ (version 3.0, patches, dictionaries)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2886 /argus.math.orst.edu:pub/ispell/ (version 3.0, patches, dictionaries)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2887 /ftp.th-darmstadt.de:pub/dicts/ispell/ (mirror of argus)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2888 NOTE: Do not send mail to Geoff asking him to send you the latest
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2889 version of Ispell. He does not have free e-mail.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2890
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2891 120: Epoch -- enhanced GNU Emacs with better X interface
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2892
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2893 Latest released version: 4.2
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2894 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2895 /cs.uiuc.edu:pub/epoch-files/epoch/epoch-4.2.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2896 /cs.uiuc.edu:pub/epoch-files/epoch/epoch-diff-4.1-4.2.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2897 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/epoch/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2898 /aix370.rrz.uni-koeln.de:gnu/emacs/epoch/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2899 Newsgroup and mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2900 Epoch:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2901 gnu.emacs.epoch
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2902 epoch-request@cs.uiuc.edu (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2903 epoch@cs.uiuc.edu (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2904 Epoch-Design:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2905 epoch-design-request@cs.uiuc.edu (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2906 epoch-design@cs.uiuc.edu (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2907 FAQ list:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2908 Maintainer: Marc Andreessen <marca@ncsa.uiuc.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2909 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2910 /rtfm.mit.edu:pub/usenet/news.answers/epoch-faq
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2911 /ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu:outgoing/marca/epoch/Epoch.FAQ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2912
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2913 121: Lucid GNU Emacs -- alternative Emacs 19 with better X interface
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2914
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2915 Primary Maintainer: Jamie Zawinski <jwz@lucid.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2916 Other Developers: Eric Benson <eb@lucid.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2917 Matthieu Devin <devin@lucid.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2918 Harlan Sexton <hbs@lucid.com>
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2919 Latest released version: 19.6 !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2920 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2921 /labrea.stanford.edu:pub/gnu/lucid/lemacs-19.6.tar.Z (source) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2922 /labrea.stanford.edu:pub/gnu/lucid/lemacs-19.6-sun4.tar.Z (Sun4binaries) !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2923 Newsgroup and mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2924 Bugs:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2925 alt.lucid-emacs.bug +
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2926 bug-lucid-emacs-request@lucid.com (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2927 bug-lucid-emacs@lucid.com (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2928 Help:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2929 alt.lucid-emacs.help +
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2930 help-lucid-emacs-request@lucid.com (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2931 help-lucid-emacs@lucid.com (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2932
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2933 122: Demacs -- GNU Emacs altered to run on MS-DOS on 386/486 machines
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2934
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2935 Authors: Manabu Higashida <manabu@sigmath.osaka-u.ac.jp>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2936 HIRANO Satoshi <hirano@tkl.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2937 Latest released version: 1.2.0
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2938 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2939 /utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:GNU/demacs/ (nearest to U.S.A.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2940 /ftp.sigmath.osaka-u.ac.jp:pub/Msdos/Demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2941 /wnoc-fuk.wide.ad.jp:pub/msdos/Demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2942 /ftp.3com.com:pub/gnu/msdos/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2943 /mindseye.berkeley.edu:pub/kanji/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2944 /ftp.hawaii.edu:pub/editors/demacs.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2945 /ftp.math.ksu.edu:pub/pc/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2946 /wsmr-simtel20.army.mil:pd1:<msdos.demacs> {ange-ftp syntax?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2947 /ftp.uni-koeln.de:msdos/gnuprogs/dem120e.zip (executables, lisp-code, doc)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2948 (PLEASE USE ONLY OUTSIDE WORKING HOURS!)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2949 /ftp.uni-koeln.de:msdos/gnuprogs/dem120s.zip (sources, diffs)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2950 (PLEASE USE ONLY OUTSIDE WORKING HOURS!)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2951 /ftp.lysator.liu.se:pub/msdos/gnu/emacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2952 /mizar.docs.uu.se:pub/gnu/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2953 /iamsun.unibe.ch:PC/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2954 /flop.informatik.tu-muenchen.de:outgoing/demacs.tar
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2955 /ftp.funet.fi:pub/gnu/emacs/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2956 /garbo.uwasa.fi:pc/editor/dem120e.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2957 /garbo.uwasa.fi:pc/editor/dem120s.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2958 /ftp.win.tue.nl:pub/gnu/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2959 /ugle.unit.no:pub/gnu/Demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2960 {Does anyone know which sites have the Kanji version?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2961 Via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2962 From garbo.uwasa.fi:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2963 To: mailserv@garbo.uwasa.fi
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2964 Subject: garbo-request
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2965 Body: send pc/editor/dem120e.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2966 send pc/editor/dem120s.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2967 quit
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2968 Downloading:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2969 EXEC-PC (Milwaukee, WI) 414-789-4210 (2400 bps)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2970 in the Mahoney MS-DOS file area in its Editors/wordprocessors
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2971 library (F), named GNUEMACS.ZIP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2972 Channel 1 (Cambridge, MA) 617-345-8873 (9600 bps)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2973 in the New Uploads file area, named GNUEMACS.ZIP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2974 NOTE: Use the -d option of [pk]unzip for all .zip archives. Some sites
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2975 have Demacs lharc'ed. If you need to find programs to unpack lharc and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2976 zip format archives, Chris Dean <ctdean@talaris.com> points out that you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2977 should see the comp.compression FAQ, available for FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2978 /rtfm.mit.edu:pub/usenet/comp.compression/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2979 Mailing list:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2980 NOTE: There is no mailing list for Demacs. However, there is a list
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2981 for DJGPP, which is the environment that Demacs runs in. Many
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2982 Demacs problems are actually issues with DJGPP.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2983 DJGPP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2984 Subscriptions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2985 To: listserv@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2986 body: add <your-address> djgpp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2987 or put `help' in the body.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2988 If this fails, mail to djgpp-request@sun.soe.clarkson.edu.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2989 Submissions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2990 djgpp@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2991 FAQ list:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2992 Maintainer: Dave Steibel <steibel@cs.umbc.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2993 Anonymous FTP: algol.cs.umbc.edu:pub/demacs/demacs.faq
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2994
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2995 123: Freemacs -- a small Emacs for MS-DOS
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2996
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2997 Author: Russ Nelson <nelson@sun.soe.clarkson.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2998 Latest released version: 1.6a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2999 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3000 /simtel20.army.mil:PD:<MSDOS.FREEMACS> {ange-ftp syntax?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3001 /grape.ecs.clarkson.edu:pub/msdos/freemacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3002 Via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3003 To: archive-server@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3004 body: help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3005 Via snail mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3006 address: Russell Nelson, 11 Grant St., Potsdam, NY 13676
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3007 Send $15 copying fee, and specify preferred floppy disk format:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3008 5.25", 360K, or 3.50", 720K
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3009 Mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3010 Subscriptions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3011 To: listserv@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3012 body: add <your-address> <name-of-list>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3013 or put `help' in the body.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3014 List distribution addresses:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3015 freemacs-announce@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3016 freemacs-help@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3017 freemacs-workers@sun.soe.clarkson.edu (send bug reports here)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3018
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3019 124: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3020
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3021 Author: Larry Wall <lwall@netlabs.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3022 Latest version: 2.0 patchlevel 12u8
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3023 (This is the version that supports the new unified diff format.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3024 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3025 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/patch-2.0.12u8.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3026 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/patch-2.0.12g8.tar.Z (GNU version)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3027
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3028
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3029
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3030 GNU Emacs FAQ: Keybindings/Output
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3031
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3032 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x $" to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3033 get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look at the text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3034 of the answers, just type "C-x $".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3035
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3036 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a C-r if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3037 that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3038
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3039 A `+' in the 78th column means something was inserted on the line. A `-' means
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3040 something was deleted and a `!' means some combination of insertions and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3041 deletions occurred.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3042
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3043 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also see the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3044 `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers' newsgroup, or send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3045 e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on a body line, or use FTP,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3046 WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3047
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3048
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3049
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3050 Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3051
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3052 125: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3053
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3054 1. Find out what character sequence is generated by the keystroke sequence
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3055 you wish to bind to a command. See question 129 for how to do this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3056 Keep in mind that the character sequences generated by a keystroke
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3057 sequence varies from one terminal to another. You may also get
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3058 different results depending on what type of machine you are running on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3059 (see question 128). For example, these keystrokes may generate these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3060 character sequences:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3061
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3062 F1 ---> ESC [ 2 2 4 z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3063 Shift-R10 ---> ESC O t
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3064 L7 ---> ESC [ 3 1 ~
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3065 Remove ---> C-@
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3066
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3067 2. Figure out what the Emacs Lisp syntax is for this character sequence.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3068 Inside an Emacs Lisp string, RET, LFD, DEL, ESC, SPC, and TAB are
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3069 specified with `\r', `\n', `\C-?', `\e', ` ', and `\t'. C-x is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3070 specified by `\C-x'. M-x is specified the same was as "ESC x".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3071 (Control characters may also be specified as themselves, but I don't
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3072 recommend it.) An Emacs Lisp string begins and ends with the double
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3073 quote character, `"'. Here are some examples:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3074
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3075 ESC [ D ---> "\e[D"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3076 ESC [ 2 2 7 z ---> "\e[227z"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3077 ESC [ 1 8 ~ ---> "\e[18~"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3078 C-M-r ---> "\e\C-r"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3079
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3080 3. If some prefix of the character sequence is already bound, you must
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3081 unbind it by binding it to `nil'. For example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3082
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3083 (global-set-key "\e[" nil)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3084
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3085 4. Pick a command to bind your key sequence to. A command can be a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3086 "symbol" with a function definition, or a "lambda list", or a string
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3087 (which is treated as a macro). For example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3088
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3089 (global-set-key "\e[D" 'backward-char)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3090 (global-set-key "\e[227~" "\exgoto-line\r") ; macro
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3091
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3092 See `Key Bindings' and `Rebinding' in the online manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3093
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3094 In Emacs 19 (including Lucid Emacs), you can bind function key F24 like
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3095 this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3096
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3097 (global-set-key 'f24 'some-command)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3098
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3099 126: Why does Emacs say `Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3100
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3101 A prefix of the character sequence you were trying to bind was already
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3102 bound. Usually, the sequence is "ESC [", in which case you should
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3103 evaluate this form first:
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3104
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3105 (define-key esc-map "[" nil)
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3106
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3107 NOTE: By default, "ESC [" is bound to backward-paragraph, and if you do
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3108 this you will lose this key binding. For most people, this is not a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3109 problem.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3110
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3111 See question 125.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3112
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3113 127: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3114 .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3115
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3116 This is because you're trying to do something in your .emacs file that
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3117 needs to be postponed until after the terminal/window-system setup code
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3118 is loaded. This is a result of the order in which things are done
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3119 during the startup of Emacs. For more details see question 135.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3120
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3121 In order to postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after the
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3122 terminal/window-system setup, set the value of the variable
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3123 term-setup-hook or window-setup-hook to be a function which does what
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3124 you want.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3125
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3126 See etc/OPTIONS for a complete explanation of what Emacs does every time
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3127 it is started.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3128
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3129 Here is a simple example of how to set term-setup-hook:
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3130
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3131 (setq term-setup-hook
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3132 (function
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3133 (lambda ()
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3134 (cond ((string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3135 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3136 (define-key CSI-map "29~" 'execute-extended-command))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3137 ))))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3138
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3139 128: How do I use function keys under X Windows?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3140
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3141 This depends on whether you are running Emacs inside a terminal emulator
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3142 window, or whether you are allowing Emacs to create its own X window.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3143 You can tell which you are doing by noticing whether Emacs creates a new
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3144 window when you start it.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3145
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3146 If you are running Emacs inside a terminal emulator window, then it
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3147 behaves exactly as it does on any other tty. In this case, for function
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3148 keys to be useful, they must generate character sequences that are sent
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3149 to the programs running inside the window as input. The `xterm' program
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3150 has two different sets of character sequences that it generates when
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3151 function keys are pressed, depending on the sunFunctionKeys X resource
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3152 and the -sf and +sf command line options. (To find out what these key
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3153 sequences are, see question 129.) In addition, with xterm,
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3154 you can override what key sequence a specific function key (or any other
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3155 key) will generate with the `translations' resource. This, for example:
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3156
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3157 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3158 <KeyPress>F1: string(0x1b) string("[xyzzy")
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3159
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3160 makes the function key F1 generate the character sequence "ESC [xyzzy".
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3161
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3162 On the other hand, if Emacs is managing its own X window, the following
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3163 description applies. Emacs receives `KeyPress' events from the X server
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3164 when a key is pressed while the keyboard focus is in its window. The
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3165 KeyPress event contains an X "keysym" code, which is simply an arbitrary
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3166 number corresponding to the name of the keysym, and information on which
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3167 "modifiers" such as `control' and `shift' are active. For example, the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3168 `Tab' keysym is 0xff09. (Generally, a key on the keyboard will generate a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3169 keysym whose name is the same as the label on the key, ie. the `Tab' key
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3170 will normally generate the `Tab' keysym. This can be changed with the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3171 xmodmap program.) Emacs recognizes all the keysyms that correspond to
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3172 standard ASCII characters and internally uses the ASCII character instead.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3173
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3174 (WARNING: I am about to describe a gross, disgusting hack to you, have
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3175 your barf bag ready.)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3176
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3177 When Emacs receives the X keysym of one of the arrow keys, it behaves
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3178 the same as if it had received a letter key with the control modifier
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3179 down as follows (this is hard-coded):
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3180
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3181 Up becomes C-p
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3182 Down becomes C-n
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3183 Right becomes C-f
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3184 Left becomes C-b
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3185
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3186 The way Emacs treats other keysyms depends on what kind of machine it was
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3187 compiled on. The type of the display machine is irrelevant! Function
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3188 keys are mapped internally to escape sequences, while other keys are
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3189 completely ignored.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3190
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3191 1. If compiled on a Sun, Emacs recognizes these X keysyms that
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3192 are normally on a Sun keyboard:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3193
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3194 F1 through F9
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3195 L1 through L10 (same as F11 through F20)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3196 R1 through R15 (same as F21 through F35)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3197 (The keys labelled R8, R10, R12, and R14 usually are mapped to the
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3198 X keysyms Up, Left, Right, and Down.)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3199 Break (the `Alternate' key is given this keysym)
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3200
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
3201 These keys work like Sun function keys. When Emacs receives the
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3202 keysym, it will internally use character sequences that look like "ESC
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3203 [ ### z", where ### is replaced by a number. The character sequences
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3204 are identical to those generated by Sun's keyboard under SunView. Any
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3205 function key not listed above generates "ESC [ - 1 z".
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3206
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3207 In order to use these key sequences, they should be bound to commands
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3208 using the standard key binding methods, just as if Emacs were running
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3209 on a regular terminal.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3210
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3211 WARNING: F11 and L1 are the same keysym in X, as are F12 and L2, etc.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3212 {Yes, this is stupid. Complain to the X consortium.}
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3213
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3214 2. If not compiled on a Sun, the function keys will appear to Emacs in a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3215 way remarkably similar to the keys of a DEC LK201 keyboard (used on
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3216 some VT series terminals). These X keysyms will be recognized:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3217
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3218 F1 through F20
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3219 Help (treated same as F15)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3220 Menu (treated same as F16, is the LK201 `Do' key)
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3221 Find
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3222 Insert (LK201 `Insert Here' key)
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3223 Select
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3224 Prior (LK201 `Prev Screen' key *** ONLY IN 18.58 AND LATER ***)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3225 Next (LK201 `Next Screen' key *** ONLY IN 18.58 AND LATER ***)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3226
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3227 And finally, the LK201 key labelled `Remove' (or `Delete') is often
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3228 mapped to the Delete keysym which generates the DEL character (C-?)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3229 instead of the key sequence given by the LK201 `Remove' key. It may
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3230 also be mapped to some other keysym, such as `_Remove', in which case
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3231 you can't use it from within Emacs at all.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3232
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3233 Each function key will be internally converted to a character sequence
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3234 that looks like "ESC [ ## ~", where ## is replaced by a number. The
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3235 character sequences are identical to those generated by a LK201
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3236 keyboard. Any function key not listed above generates "ESC [ - 1 ~".
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3237
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3238 For the complete list of the numbers which are generated by the function
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3239 keys, look in the file src/x11term.c at the definitions of the function
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3240 stringFuncVal.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3241
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3242 If you are running Emacs on a Sun machine, even if your X display is
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3243 running on a non-Sun machine (eg., an X terminal), you get the setup
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3244 described above for Suns. The determining factor is what type of
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3245 machine Emacs is running (was compiled) on, not what type of machine
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3246 your X display is on.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3247
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3248 If you have function keys not listed above on your keyboard, you can use
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3249 `xmodmap' to change their keysym assignments to get keys that Emacs will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3250 recognize, but that may screw up other programs.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3251
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3252 X resources are not used by Emacs to affect the key sequences generated.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3253 In particular, there are no X key "translations" for Emacs.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3254
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3255 If you have function keys not listed above and you don't want to use
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3256 xmodmap to change their names, you might want to make a modification to
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3257 your Emacs. Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> has made available a patch for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3258 that adds the x-rebind-key function of Epoch to Emacs 18.58. This allows
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3259 another layer of key rebinding before Emacs even sees the keys, and in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3260 this layer you can rebind all of the keys and modifier combinations as
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3261 well.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3262
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3263 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3264 /ftp.eu.net:gnu/emacs/FP-Xfun.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3265 /ftp.urc.tue.nl:pub/tex/emacs/FP-Xfun
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3266
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3267 Johan Vromans explains what this buys for you:
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3268
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3269 After implementing this, all keyboard keys can be configured to send
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3270 user definable sequences, eg.,
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3271
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3272 (x-rebind-key "KP_F1" 0 "\033OP")
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3273
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3274 This will have the keypad key PF1 send the sequence "ESC O P", just like
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3275 an ordinary VT series terminal.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3276
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3277 129: How do I tell what characters my function or arrow keys emit?
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3278
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3279 Use this function by Randal L. Schwartz <merlyn@iwarp.intel.com>:
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3280
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3281 (defun see-chars ()
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3282 "Displays characters typed, terminated by a 3-second timeout."
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3283 (interactive)
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3284 (let ((chars "")
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3285 (inhibit-quit t))
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3286 (message "Enter characters, terminated by 3-second timeout.")
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3287 (while (not (sit-for 3))
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3288 (setq chars (concat chars (list (read-char)))
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3289 quit-flag nil)) ; quit-flag maybe set by C-g
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3290 (message "Characters entered: %s" (key-description chars))))
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3291
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3292 Alternatively, use the "C-h l" view-lossage command, which will display
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3293 the last 100 characters Emacs has seen in its input stream. Kevin
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3294 Gallagher <kgallagh@digi.lonestar.org> suggests typing some unique string
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3295 like "wxyz", typing the key in question, then typing "C-h l". The
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3296 characters that appear between "wxyz" and "C-h l" were generated by the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3297 key.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3298
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3299 130: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3300
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3301 Sorry, you can't; there are no "translations" to be set. Emacs is not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3302 written using the Xt library. The only way to affect the behavior of keys
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3303 within Emacs is through `xmodmap' (outside Emacs) or `define-key' (inside
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3304 Emacs).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3305
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3306 131: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3307
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3308 C-s and C-q are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. This screws
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3309 up Emacs because it binds these characters to commands. Also, by default
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3310 Emacs will not honor them as flow control characters and may overwhelm
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3311 output buffers. Sometimes, intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3312 control will prevent Emacs from ever seeing C-s and C-q.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3313
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3314 Possible solutions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3315
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3316 * Disable the use of C-s and C-q for flow control.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3317
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3318 You need to determine what is the cause of the flow control.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3319
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3320 * your terminal
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3321
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3322 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3323 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3324 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3325 example, on a VT220 you may select `No XOFF' in the setup menu. This
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3326 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3327
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3328 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3329 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3330 logged in to or at some terminal server in between.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3331
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3332 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3333 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3334 this problem by modifying the `termcap' entry for your terminal to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3335 include extra NUL padding characters.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3336
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3337 * a modem
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3338
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3339 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using XON/XOFF
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3340 flow control. I don't know how to get around this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3341
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3342 * a router or terminal server
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3343
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3344 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3345 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3346 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3347 network experts for help with this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3348
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3349 * tty and/or pty devices
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3350
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3351 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple tty and/or pty
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3352 devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it is not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3353 necessary.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3354
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3355 Eirik Fuller <eirik@theory.tn.cornell.edu> writes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3356
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3357 Some versions of `rlogin' (and possibly telnet) do not pass flow
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3358 control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3359 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow control
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3360 on the local system. Sometimes `rlogin -8' will avoid this problem.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3361
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3362 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3363 (the one running rlogin, not the one running rlogind) using the stty
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3364 command, before starting the rlogin process. On many systems, `stty
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3365 start u stop u' will do this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3366
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3367 Some versions of `tcsh' will prevent even this from working. One
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3368 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3369 and issue the stty command to disable flow control from that shell.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3370
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3371 Use `stty -ixon' instead of `stty start u stop u' on some systems.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3372
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3373 * Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3374
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3375 You can make Emacs treat C-s and C-q as flow control characters by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3376 evaluating this form:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3377
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3378 (set-input-mode nil t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3379
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3380 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your .emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3381 file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the best place to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3382 put it is unclear. I don't know if this has any effect when used in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3383 lisp/site-init.el when building Emacs; I've never tried that. {Can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3384 someone tell me whether it works?} Putting things in users' .emacs files
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3385 has a number of problems.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3386
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3387 Putting this form in lisp/default.el has the problem that if the user's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3388 .emacs file has an error, this will prevent lisp/default.el from being
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3389 loaded and Emacs may be unusable for the user, even for correcting their
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3390 .emacs file (unless they're smart enough to move it to another name). A
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3391 possible solution is to initially disable C-s and C-q by setting
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3392 keyboard-translate-table in lisp/site-init.el, either with swap-keys
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3393 (see question 136) or with the following form:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3394
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3395 ;; by Roger Crew <crew@cs.stanford.edu>:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3396 (setq keyboard-translate-table
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3397 "\C-@\C-a\C-b\C-c\C-d\C-e\C-f\C-g\C-h\C-i\C-j\C-k\C-l\C-m\C-n\C-o\C-p\C-^\C-r\C-\\\C-t\C-u\C-v\C-w\C-x\C-y\C-z\C-[\C-s\C-]\C-q\C-_")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3398
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3399 This will at least prevent Emacs from being confused by the flow control
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3400 characters, even if lisp/default.el cannot be loaded. Then, in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3401 lisp/default.el, enable XON/XOFF flow control with set-input-mode.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3402
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3403 For further discussion of this issue, read the file PROBLEMS in the
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3404 Emacs distribution.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3405
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3406 132: How do I use commands bound to C-s and C-q (or any key) if these keys
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3407 are filtered out?
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3408
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3409 I suggest swapping C-s with C-\ and C-q with C-^:
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3410
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3411 (swap-keys ?\C-s ?\C-\\)
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3412 (swap-keys ?\C-q ?\C-^)
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3413
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3414 See question 136 for the implementation of swap-keys. This method
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3415 has the advantage that it simultaneously swaps the characters everywhere
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3416 throughout Emacs, while just switching the keybindings will miss important
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3417 places where the character codes are stored (eg., the search-repeat-char
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3418 variable, major mode keymaps, etc.).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3419
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3420 To do this for an entire site, you may want to swap the keys in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3421 lisp/default.el. If only some of your users are connecting through
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3422 XON/XOFF flow-controlled connections, you will want to do this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3423 conditionally. I suggest pre-swapping them in lisp/site-init.el when
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3424 Emacs is built, and then in lisp/default.el, if it is determined to be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3425 safe, they can be reenabled (being careful not to screw up any other key
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3426 mappings users might have established using keyboard-translate-table).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3427 See question 131 for an easy way to pre-swap these keys.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3428
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3429 WARNING: If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3430 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs actually
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3431 behaves.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3432
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3433 133: Why does the `BackSpace' key invoke help?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3434
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3435 The BackSpace key (on every keyboard I've used) generates ASCII code 8.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3436 C-h sends the same code. In Emacs by default C-h invokes help-command.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3437 This is intended to be easy to remember since the first letter of "help"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3438 is "h". The easiest solution to this problem is to use C-h (and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3439 BackSpace) for help and DEL (the Delete key) for deleting the previous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3440 character.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3441
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3442 For many people this solution may be problematic:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3443
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3444 * They normally use BackSpace outside of Emacs for deleting the previous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3445 character typed. This can be solved by making DEL be the command for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3446 deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. This command will do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3447 this on many Unix systems:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3448
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3449 stty erase '^?'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3450
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3451 * The person may prefer using the BackSpace key for deleting the previous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3452 character because it is more conveniently located on their keyboard or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3453 because they don't even have a separate Delete key. In this case, the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3454 BackSpace key should be made to behave like Delete. There are several
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3455 methods.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3456
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3457 * Under X Windows, the easiest solution is to change the BackSpace key
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3458 into a Delete key like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3459
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3460 xmodmap -e "keysym BackSpace = Delete"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3461
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3462 * Some terminals (eg., VT3## terminals) allow the character generated by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3463 the BackSpace key to be changed from a setup menu.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3464
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3465 * You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3466
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3467 * Under X or on a dumb terminal, it is possible to swap the BackSpace
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3468 and Delete keys inside Emacs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3469
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3470 (swap-keys ?\C-h ?\C-?)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3471
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3472 See question 136 for the implementation of swap-keys.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3473
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3474 * Another approach is to switch keybindings and put help on "C-x h"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3475 instead:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3476
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3477 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3478 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command) ; override mark-whole-buffer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3479
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3480 Other popular key bindings for help are M-? and "C-x ?".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3481
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3482 WARNING: Don't try to bind DEL to help-command, because there are many
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3483 modes that have local bindings of DEL that will interfere.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3484
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3485 134: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3486
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3487 Good question!
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3488
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3489 135: Why don't the arrow keys work?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3490
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3491 When Emacs starts up, it doesn't know anything about arrow keys at all
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3492 (except when running under X, see question 128). During the process of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3493 starting up, Emacs will load a terminal-specific initialization file for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3494 your terminal type (as determined by the environment variable TERM), if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3495 one exists. This file has the responsibility for enabling the arrow keys.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3496
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3497 There are several things that can go wrong:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3498
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3499 1. There is no initialization file for your terminal.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3500
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3501 You can determine this by looking in the lisp/term directory. If your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3502 terminal type (as determined by the TERM environment variable) is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3503 xxx-yy-z, then the first of these files in the lisp/term directory will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3504 be loaded as the terminal-specific initialization file: xxx-yy-z.el,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3505 xxx-yy.el, or xxx.el.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3506
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3507 There are two major cases of this problem:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3508
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3509 * Your terminal type is very similar to one that has an init file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3510
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3511 In this case, there are several techniques suggested by Colin Jensen
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3512 <cjensen@ampex.com>, Ben Liblit <Liblit@cs.psu.edu>, and Marc
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3513 Auslander <marc@watson.ibm.com>:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3514
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3515 A. Add a symbolic link in lisp/term for your terminal type that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3516 points to the similar type. For example, you could make VT102
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3517 terminals work with this command:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3518
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3519 ln -s vt100.el vt102.el
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3520
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3521 This fixes things for everyone on the system who uses the terminal
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3522 type.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3523
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3524 B. If you can't do the solution in part A, you can add code to your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3525 term-setup-hook that loads the correct file like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3526
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3527 (setq term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3528 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3529 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3530 (cond ((equal "vt102" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3531 (load (concat term-file-prefix "vt100")))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3532 (;; Code for other terminal types goes here ...
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3533 )))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3534
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3535 C. If you use `tset' to set your TERM environment variable when you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3536 login, you can use the `-m' switch to tell tset to use a terminal
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3537 type known by Emacs instead of another similar one. For example,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3538 specifying this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3539
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3540 tset ... -m 'dec-vt220:vt220' ...
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3541
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3542 will make tset say you are on a `vt220' instead of a `dec-vt220'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3543
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3544 D. Interactively, you can type "M-x load-library RET term/vt100" to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3545 load the terminal-specific initialization files for VT100
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3546 terminals.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3547
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3548 * Your terminal type is not similar to one that has an init file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3549
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3550 One can be made for your terminal, or you can just add code to your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3551 own .emacs to handle this problem for yourself. For example, if your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3552 terminal's arrow keys send these character sequences:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3553
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3554 Up: ESC [ A
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3555 Down: ESC [ B
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3556 Right: ESC [ C
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3557 Left: ESC [ D
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3558
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3559 then you can bind these keys to the appropriate commands with code in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3560 your .emacs like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3561
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3562 (setq term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3563 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3564 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3565 (cond ((string-match "\\`xyzzy" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3566 ;; First, must unmap the binding for left bracket
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3567 (or (keymapp (lookup-key global-map "\e\["))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3568 (define-key global-map "\e\[" nil))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3569 ;; Enable terminal type xyzzy's arrow keys:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3570 (define-key global-map "\e\[A" 'previous-line)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3571 (define-key global-map "\e\[B" 'next-line)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3572 (define-key global-map "\e\[C" 'forward-char)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3573 (define-key global-map "\e\[D" 'backward-char))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3574 ((string-match "\\`abcde" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3575 ;; Do something different for terminal type abcde
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3576 ;; .....
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3577 )))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3578
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3579 NOTE: You may have to restart Emacs to get changes to take effect.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3580
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3581 NOTE: Your arrow keys may send sequences beginning with "ESC O" when
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3582 Emacs is running, even if they send sequences beginning with "ESC [" at
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3583 all other times. This is because Emacs uses any command there may be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3584 in your terminal's termcap entry for putting the terminal into
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3585 "Application Keypad Mode". Just map these sequences the same way as
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3586 above.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3587
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3588 The next two cases are problems even if there is a initialization file for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3589 your terminal type.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3590
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3591 2. The initialization file for your terminal doesn't bind arrow keys.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3592
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3593 If your terminal type is `xterm', you will have to bind the arrow keys
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3594 as in part 1 above, since the xterm.el file doesn't do anything useful.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3595 There may be other terminal types with the same problem.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3596
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3597 3. Your terminal's arrow keys send individual control characters.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3598
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3599 For example, the arrow keys on an ADM-3 send C-h, C-j, C-k, and C-l.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3600
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3601 There is not much Emacs can do in this situation, since all the control
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3602 characters except for C-^ and C-\ are already used as Emacs commands.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3603 It may be possible to convince the terminal to send something else when
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3604 you press the arrow keys; it is worth investigating.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3605
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3606 You have to make the hard choices of how to rebind keys to commands to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3607 make things work the way you want. Another alternative is to start
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3608 learning the standard Emacs keybindings for moving point around: C-b,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3609 C-f, C-p, and C-n. Personally, I no longer use the arrow keys when
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3610 editing because I have switched keyboards so many times.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3611
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3612 4. Your terminal's arrow keys send sequences beginning with "ESC [".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3613
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3614 Due to an extremely poor design decision (ie., these sequences are ANSI
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3615 standard), none of the the terminal-specific initialization files that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3616 are distributed with Emacs will bind these character sequences to the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3617 appropriate commands by default. (This also applies to any other
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3618 function keys which generate character sequences starting with "ESC
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3619 [".) This is because it was deemed far more important to preserve the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3620 binding of M-[ to the backward-paragraph command. It appears that this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3621 will change in Emacs 19.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3622
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3623 Some of the terminal-specific initialization files that come with Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3624 provide a command enable-arrow-keys that will fix this problem. To get
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3625 this automatically invoked, put this in your .emacs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3626
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3627 (setq term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3628 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3629 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3630 (if (fboundp 'enable-arrow-keys) (enable-arrow-keys)))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3631
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3632 We put this in our lisp/default.el file, so users don't have to worry
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3633 about it:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3634
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3635 ;; don't override a user's term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3636 (or term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3637 (setq term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3638 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3639 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3640 (and (fboundp 'enable-arrow-keys)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3641 ;; don't override a user key mapping
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3642 (eq 'backward-paragraph (lookup-key esc-map "["))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3643 (enable-arrow-keys))))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3644
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3645 If your terminal type is `sun', you should put this in your .emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3646 instead (or in addition to the above):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3647
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3648 (setq sun-esc-bracket t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3649
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3650 It is possible that the terminal-specific initialization file for your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3651 terminal type was written locally and does not follow the rule
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3652 mentioned above. In this case you may need to inspect it to find out
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3653 how to enable the arrow keys. (Actually, if it was written locally, it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3654 probably enables the arrow keys by default.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3655
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3656 136: How do I "swap" two keys?
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3657
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3658 When Emacs receives a character, you can make Emacs behave as though it
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3659 received another character by setting the value of
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3660 keyboard-translate-table. The following Emacs Lisp will do this for you,
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3661 allowing you to "swap" keys. After arranging for this Lisp to be
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3662 evaluated by Emacs, you can evaluate `(swap-keys ?A ?B)' to swap A and B.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3663
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3664 (defun swap-keys (key1 key2)
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3665 "Swap keys KEY1 and KEY2 using map-key."
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3666 (map-key key1 key2)
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3667 (map-key key2 key1))
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3668
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3669 (defun map-key (from to)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3670 "Make key FROM behave as though key TO was typed instead."
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3671 (setq keyboard-translate-table
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3672 (concat keyboard-translate-table
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3673 (let* ((i (length keyboard-translate-table))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3674 (j from)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3675 (k i)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3676 (str (make-string (max 0 (- j (1- i))) ?X)))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3677 (while (<= k j)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3678 (aset str (- k i) k)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3679 (setq k (1+ k)))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3680 str)))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3681 (aset keyboard-translate-table from to)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3682 (let ((i (1- (length keyboard-translate-table))))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3683 (while (and (>= i 0) (eq (aref keyboard-translate-table i) i))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3684 (setq i (1- i)))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3685 (setq keyboard-translate-table
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3686 (if (eq i -1)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3687 nil
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3688 (substring keyboard-translate-table 0 (1+ i))))))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3689
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3690 NOTE: You must evaluate the definition of these functions before calling
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3691 them! For example, list the function definitions before their use in your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3692 .emacs file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3693
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3694 NOTE: These functions take two numbers as arguments. The example above,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3695 `(swap-keys ?A ?B)' is actually `(swap-keys 65 66)', because `?A' is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3696 merely notation for 65, the ASCII value of `A'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3697
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3698 NOTE: These functions only work for single characters. You cannot swap
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3699 two multi-character sequences.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3700
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3701 137: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3702
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3703 For C-@ and C-^, often you can just type Control-2 and Control-6. For
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3704 C-_, you may have to hold down the shift key, typing Control-Shift-Hyphen.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3705 C-@ can often be generated by typing Control-Space. C-@ is often called
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3706 the NUL character, and has ASCII value 0. C-_ can often be generated by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3707 typing Control-7 or Control-/. C-? (aka DEL) may be generated by typing
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3708 Shift-BackSpace or Control-BackSpace or a key labelled Delete or Del.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3709
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3710 Try Control with all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3711 generated.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3712
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3713 138: What if I don't have a Meta key?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3714
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3715 Instead of typing M-a, you can type "ESC a" instead. In fact, Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3716 converts M-a internally into "ESC a" anyway (depending on the value of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3717 meta-prefix-char).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3718
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3719 139: What if I don't have an Escape key?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3720
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3721 Type C-[ instead. This should send ASCII code 27 just like an Escape
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3722 key would. Try also C-;.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3723
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3724 140: How do I type DEL on PC terminal emulators?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3725
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3726 Some IBM PC compatibles do not have a key labeled `Del' or `Delete' {is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3727 this true?}. Those that do generally have it in an inconvenient location.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3728 (Also, in some terminal emulators, the `Del' key does not transmit DEL.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3729 The result is the standard "BackSpace invoking help" problem (see question
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3730 133).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3731
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3732 The usual solution, suggested by Michael Covington
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3733 <mcovingt@aisun1.ai.uga.edu>, is to somehow tell the terminal emulator
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3734 program that BackSpace should transmit DEL. Read the program's manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3735 Shift-BackSpace or Control-BackSpace may send DEL. The `Del' key may only
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3736 send DEL if the NumLock key hasn't been pressed.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3737
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3738 141: Can I make my `Compose Character' key behave like a Meta key?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3739
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3740 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain VT220
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3741 clones could have their Compose key configured this way. If you're using
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3742 X, you might be able to do this with the `xmodmap' program (this is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3743 what I do).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3744
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3745 142: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3746
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3747 Unless you're using Emacs under emacstool (or xvetool?), have a working
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3748 version of x-rebind-key (see question 128), or are using Emacs 19 (Lucid
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3749 Emacs), you can't do this with Emacs alone.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3750
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3751 If you are using emacstool, Emacs sees different character sequences for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3752 the combination of a modifier and a function key from what it sees for the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3753 function key alone. See etc/emacstool.1 for more information. Since
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3754 Emacs sees different character sequences, you can bind these different
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3755 sequences to different commands.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3756
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3757 If you are running Emacs inside a terminal emulator window like xterm, you
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3758 can modify its translation tables to make it generate different character
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3759 sequences for the combination of a modifier and a function key. For
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3760 example, this X resource setting:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3761
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3762 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3763 Shift<KeyPress>F1: string(0x1b) string("[xyzzy")
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3764
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3765 makes Shift-F1 generate the character sequence "ESC [ xyzzy". You can
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3766 bind these character sequences in Emacs as normal. Nick Ruprecht
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3767 <ruprecht@informatik.uni-freiburg.de> has written an extensive X
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3768 translation mapping for xterm that does this. {Does this have an FTP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3769 site?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3770
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3771 If you have x-rebind-key, you can have any arbitrary combination of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3772 modifiers with a key replaced by any sequence of "normal" characters. For
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3773 example, this makes Shift-Return behave as though you had typed "C-x C-e"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3774 (example from Jerry Graves):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3775
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3776 (x-rebind-key "Return" 'shift "\C-x\C-e")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3777
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3778 In Emacs 19 (Lucid Emacs), you can bind Meta-Left-Arrow like this (example
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3779 from Jamie Zawinski):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3780
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3781 (global-set-key '(meta left) 'backward-word)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3782
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3783 With the last two methods, use `xmodmap' and `xev' to discover the keysym
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3784 and modifier names.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3785
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3786 143: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3787
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3788 Try all of these methods before asking for further help:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3789
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3790 * You may have big problems using `mwm' as your window manager. {Does
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3791 anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the Meta key in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3792 Emacs with mwm?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3793
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3794 * For X11R4: Make sure it really is a Meta key. Use `xev' to find out
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3795 what keysym your Meta key generates. It should be either Meta_L or
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3796 Meta_R. If it isn't, use xmodmap to fix the situation.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3797
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3798 * Make sure the pty the xterm is using is passing 8 bit characters.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3799 `stty -a' (or `stty everything') should show `cs8' somewhere. If it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3800 shows `cs7' instead, use `stty cs8 -istrip' (or `stty pass8') to fix
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3801 it.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3802
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3803 * If there is an rlogin connection between the xterm and the Emacs, the
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3804 `-8' argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3805 bits of every character.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3806
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3807 * If the Emacs is running under Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3808 (set-input-mode t nil) helps.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3809
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3810 * If all else fails, you can make xterm generate "ESC W" when you type
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3811 M-W, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it got the M-W
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3812 anyway. In X11R4, the following resource specification will do this:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3813
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3814 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3815
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3816 (This changes the behavior of the insert-eight-bit action.)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3817
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3818 With older xterms, you can specify this behavior with a translation:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3819
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3820 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3821 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert()
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3822
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3823 You might have to replace `Meta' with `Alt'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3824
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3825 144: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3826
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3827 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3828 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3829 XLookupString returns the same result regardless of the Meta key state
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3830 which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs is fixed, the temporary
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3831 kludge is to run this command after each time the X server is started but
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3832 preferably before any xterm clients are:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3833
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3834 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch'
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3835
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3836 NOTE: This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3837 may be undesirable if you actually intend to use them.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3838
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3839 145: Where can I get key bindings to make Emacs emulate WordStar?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3840
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3841 There is a package `wordstar' by Jim Frost <jimf@saber.com> and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3842 `ws-mode.el' by Juergen Nickelsen <nickel@cs.tu-berlin.de>. Check in the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3843 Emacs Lisp Archive (see question 89).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3844
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3845 146: Where can I get an XEDIT emulator for Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3846
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3847 This question comes up once every couple of months. I have never seen a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3848 positive reply, so I presume no one has ever written one.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3849
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3850
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3851
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3852 Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3853
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3854 147: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3855
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3856 There is a patch called the `8-bit ctl-arrow patch' that allows Emacs to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3857 display characters with codes from 128 to 255. {The original appears to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3858 have been by Kenneth Cline <cline@proof.ergo.cs.cmu.edu>.} Partially based
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3859 on Johan Widen's earlier work, Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> has updated this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3860 patch for Emacs 18.58 along with some other 8-bit improvements.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3861
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3862 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3863 /ftp.eu.net:gnu/emacs/FP-EightBit.Z
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3864 /ftp.urc.tue.nl:/pub/tex/emacs/FP-EightBit
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3865 /cs.purdue.edu:pub/ygz/cemacs.tar.Z:cemacs/8bit-patch-18.57
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3866 /sics.se:archive/emacs-18.55-8bit-diff
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3867 /laas.laas.fr:pub/emacs/patch-8bit-18.55
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3868 /laas.laas.fr:pub/emacs/patch-8bit-18.57
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3869
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3870 Via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3871 To: mail-server@sics.se
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3872 body: send emacs-18.55-8bit-diff
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3873
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3874 Anders Edenbrandt <anderse@dna.lth.se> has produced a more comprehensive
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3875 patch for Emacs 18.59 that allows for 8-bit input and output.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3876
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3877 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3878 /ftp.efd.lth.se:pub/gnu/emacs_8-bit.patch
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3879
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3880 In the words of the author:
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3881
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3882 With these patches, Emacs becomes fully 8-bit operational. There is
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3883 support for displaying 8-bit characters, as well as for entering such
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
3884 characters from the keyboard. In addition, upcase/lowcase translation
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3885 is supported, accented characters are recognized as "letters" (important
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3886 when doing 'forward-word', for example), and text with 8-bit characters
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3887 can be sorted correctly.
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3888
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3889 A Meta-shift key can still be used, provided that you run in an
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3890 environment where it is possible to distinguish between a character
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3891 entered using the Meta-shift key and one entered directly. The diffs
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3892 include patches to make this work under SunView (with emacstool) as
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3893 well as under X. If you can't use a Meta-shift key, you have to enter
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3894 Meta-commands with the ESC-prefix.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3895
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3896 The most comprehensive patches for 8-bit output are by Howard Gayle
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3897 (originally for Emacs 18.55. These patches allow displaying any arbitrary
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3898 string for a given 8-bit character (except TAB and C-j). Also supported
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3899 is defining the sorting order and the uppercase and lowercase
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3900 translations. It is reported that the 8-bit character support in Emacs 19
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3901 is largely based on these patches. Thomas Bellman
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3902 <Bellman@lysator.liu.se> has updated these patches for Emacs 18.59.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3903
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3904 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3905 /sics.se:archive/emacs-gayle.tar.Z (patches for 18.55)
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3906 /ftp.lysator.liu.se:pub/emacs/gayle-18.58.diff.tar.Z (patches)
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3907 /ftp.lysator.liu.se:pub/emacs/emacs-18.59-gayle.tar.Z (patched Emacs)
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3908
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3909 Epoch's 8-bit character support is based on Anders Edenbrandt's patches.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3910 Lucid Emacs has the ctl-arrow patch installed. Nemacs displays 8-bit
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3911 characters, and it may be useful for displaying the 8-bit ISO-8859
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3912 alphabet, but I don't know for sure (see question 149).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3913
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3914 148: How do I input 8-bit characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3915
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3916 Minor modes for ISO Latin-1 that allow one to easily input this character
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3917 set have been written by several people. Such modes have been written by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3918 Matthieu Herrb <matthieu@laas.fr> (laas.laas.fr:pub/emacs/iso-latin-1.el),
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3919 Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> {FTP site??}, and Marc Shapiro
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3920 <shapiro@sor.inria.fr> {FTP site??}.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3921
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3922 These approaches differ from the one taken by Anders Edenbrandt in that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3923 his method uses direct 8-bit input, while these methods use a compose
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3924 sequence for 8-bit characters. {I have heard conflicting reports on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3925 whether this results in losing the Meta key. Perhaps this depends on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3926 whether Emacs is running under X. Can someone resolve this?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3927
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3928 Karl Heuer <karl@haddock.ima.isc.com> is said to have a patch to allow
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3929 8-bit input. Georg-Wilhelm Koltermann <gwk@crmunich0.cray.com> also has a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3930 patch for either 18.57 or 18.58 that allows 8-bit input.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3931
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3932 Epoch comes with a patch that allows it to input 8-bit characters, but it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3933 is not enabled by default. {Is this right?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3934
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3935 Jamie Zawinski says:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3936
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3937 Lucid GNU Emacs allows the input of any ISO-8859/1 keysyms that your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3938 keyboard generates (see xmodmap), and contains a package that implements
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3939 a DEC/OpenWindows-like "Compose" key for systems which don't have one.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3940
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3941 149: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle kanji characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3942
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3943 Nemacs 3.3.2 (Nihongo GNU Emacs) is a modified version of GNU Emacs 18.55
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3944 that handles kanji characters. It is available via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3945
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3946 /crl.nmsu.edu:pub/misc/nemacs-3.3.2.tar.Z
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3947 /miki.cs.titech.ac.jp:JAPAN/nemacs/nemacs-3.3.2.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3948
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3949 You might also need files for "wnn", a kanji input method
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3950 (wnn-4.0.3{-README,.tar.Z} {on which machine?}). You need a terminal (or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3951 terminal emulator) that can display text encoded in JIS, Shift-JIS, or EUC
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3952 (Extended Unix Code), or the ability to run Nemacs as a direct X Window
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3953 client.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3954
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3955 150: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle Chinese?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3956
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3957 `cemacs' by Stephen G. Simpson <simpson@math.psu.edu> is a patch to Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3958 18.57 (the ctl-arrow patch) and some Emacs Lisp code that combined with
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3959 Cxterm allows using Chinese characters. It is available via anonymous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3960 FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3961
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3962 /crl.nmsu.edu:pub/chinese/cemacs.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3963 /cs.purdue.edu:pub/ygz/cemacs.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3964
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3965 Cxterm is available from the same place:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3966
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3967 /cs.purdue.edu:pub/ygz/cxterm-11.5.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3968
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3969 151: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3970
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3971 Joel M. Hoffman <joel@wam.umd.edu> writes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3972
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3973 A couple of years ago a wrote a hebrew.el file that allows right-to-left
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3974 editing of Hebrew. I relied on the hardware to display the Hebrew
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3975 letters, given the right codes, but not for any right-to-left support;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3976 the hardware also doesn't have to send any specific char. codes. Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3977 keeps track of when the user is typing Hebrew vs. English. (The VT-*
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3978 terminals in Israel contain built-in support for Hebrew.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3979
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3980 To get it to work I had to modify only a few lines of GNU Emacs's source
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3981 code --- just enough to make it 8-bit clean.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3982
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3983 [and in a separate message:]
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3984
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3985 It doesn't produce time-order ["sefer" format] (I wouldn't recommend
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3986 trying that with emacs, because converting time-order to screen-order
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3987 with arbitrarily long lines is a bit tricky), but I also concocted a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3988 quick filter to convert screen-order into time-order. I'll be happy to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3989 send you the requisite files if you want them. If you're using it for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3990 anything large, however, you'll want something that works better.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3991
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3992 Joel Hoffman has also written a "bi-directional bi-lingual Emacs-like"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3993 editor for MS-DOS named Ibelbe (Itty Bitty Emacs-Like Bidirectional
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3994 Editor). Ibelbe is written in Turbo Pascal and comes with source code.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3995 Here is the description:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3996
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3997 Ibelbe looks like emacs (it even has a minibuffer and filename
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3998 completion), and fully supports both right-to-left and left-to-right
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3999 editing. Other than an EGA monitor or better, no special hardware is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4000 required. You will need an EGA Hebrew font to use Ibelbe with Hebrew.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4001
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4002 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4003 /israel.nysernet.org:israel/msdos/ibelbe.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4004 /israel.nysernet.org:israel/msdos/hebfont.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4005
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4006 Joseph Friedman <yossi@deshaw.com, yossi@Neon.Stanford.EDU> has written
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4007 patches for Emacs 18.55 and 18.58 that provide Semitic language support
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4008 under X Windows.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4009
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4010 Warren Burstein <warren@itex.jct.ac.il> says he has mapped 7-bit keys by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4011 modifying self-insert-command "for Hebrew input on 7-bit keyboards".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4012
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4013 A good suggestion is to query archie for files named with `hebrew'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4014
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4015 GNU Emacs FAQ: Mail and News
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4016
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4017 This portion of the GNU Emacs FAQ list is cross-posted to `gnu.emacs.gnus'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4018 because many of the questions herein deal with GNUS. See `gnu.emacs.help' for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4019 the rest of the FAQ list.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4020
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4021 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x $" to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4022 get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look at the text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4023 of the answers, just type "C-x $".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4024
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4025 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a C-r if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4026 that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4027
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4028 A `+' in the 78th column means something was inserted on the line. A `-' means
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4029 something was deleted and a `!' means some combination of insertions and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4030 deletions occurred.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4031
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4032 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also see the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4033 `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers' newsgroup, or send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4034 e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on a body line, or use FTP,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4035 WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
4036
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
4037
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4038
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4039 Mail and News
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
4040
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4041 152: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4042
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4043 Many people want Emacs to prefix included text with something like ` > '
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4044 instead of with three spaces. One way is to change the code of the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4045 function `mail-yank-original' in lisp/sendmail.el that prefixes with
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4046 spaces. A more flexible solution is to use Supercite, which provides wide
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4047 configurability in how you format included text in replies. See question
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4048 107. Both of these solutions work for RMAIL and GNUS.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4049
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4050 A related problem is how to prevent Emacs from including various headers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4051 of the replied-to message. For this, you should set the value of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4052 mail-yank-ignored-headers, which takes a regexp value.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4053
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4054 153: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4055
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4056 Two methods:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4057
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4058 1. (setq mail-self-blind t) will result in a `BCC:' header line with your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4059 address being added to mail composition buffers. This will cause the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4060 mail system to send a copy of the mail back to you.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4061
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4062 2. (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing")) will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4063 result in an `FCC:' header line with the pathname of ~/outgoing being
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4064 added to mail composition buffers. When you send the mail, Emacs will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4065 save a copy of the mail in the file ~/outgoing and then strip off the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4066 `FCC:' line before actually sending.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4067
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4068 WARNING: There is a bug in Emacs 18.58 that prevents mail readers such
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4069 as RMAIL from reading the saved mail messages individually. See
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4070 question 155.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4071
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4072 WARNING: If you are visiting the file ~/outgoing at the time you send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4073 the mail, this can cause a variety of horrible problems. Jamie
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4074 Zawinski has written a solution for this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4075
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4076 It does not work to put `set record filename' in the .mailrc file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4077
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4078 154: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4079
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4080 * You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4081 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4082 like this one:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4083
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4084 To: Willy Smith <wks@xpnsv.lwyrs.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4085
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4086 However, you do not need to separate addresses with commas in your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4087 .mailrc file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4088
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4089 WARNING: Emacs breaks up aliases in the .mailrc file into multiple
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4090 addresses both on commas and on whitespace, regardless of any use of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4091 quotes. This is probably a bug. You can get around this by directly
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4092 setting the value of mail-aliases.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4093
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4094 * Emacs normally only reads the `.mailrc' file once per session, when you
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4095 start to compose your first mail message. If you edit .mailrc, you can
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4096 type "M-ESC (build-mail-aliases) RET" to make Emacs reread .mailrc.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4097 (You have to include the parentheses where they are shown!)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4098
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4099 * Emacs does not interpret vendor-specific additions to the format of the
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4100 .mailrc file such as the `source' command. It also ignores any `set'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4101 commands. The only commands it looks at are `alias' and `group'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4102 commands.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4103
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4104 155: Why does RMAIL think all my saved messages are one big message?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4105
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4106 There is a bug for FCC-ed messages in Emacs 18.58 where it adds a timezone
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4107 on the "From " line after the year instead of before the year. (Before it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4108 didn't add the timezone at all.) This is incompatible with the standard
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4109 format for the "From " line, and RMAIL in particular can no longer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4110 distinguish between the messages. Karl Berry <karl@cs.umb.edu>, Felix Lee
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4111 <flee@cs.psu.edu>, Nick Gianniotis <nico@japan.sbi.com> and many
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4112 others have all posted patches for this. Karl's is the simplest and just
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4113 stops Emacs from adding the timezone:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4114
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4115 >*** ./ORIG/sendmail.el Tue Jan 28 16:22:56 1992
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4116 >--- ./sendmail.el Thu May 14 18:23:48 1992
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4117 >***************
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4118 >*** 285,287 ****
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4119 > (insert "\nFrom " (user-login-name) " "
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4120 >! (current-time-string) " " timezone "\n")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4121 > (insert-buffer-substring rmailbuf)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4122 >--- 285,287 ----
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4123 > (insert "\nFrom " (user-login-name) " "
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4124 >! (current-time-string) "\n")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4125 > (insert-buffer-substring rmailbuf)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4126
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4127 156: How can I sort the messages in my RMAIL folder?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4128
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4129 Use rmailsort.el by Masanobu Umeda.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4130
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4131 157: Why does RMAIL need to write to /usr/spool/mail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4132
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4133 This is the behavior of the `movemail' program which RMAIL uses. This
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4134 indicates that movemail is configured to use lock files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4135
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4136 RMS writes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4137
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4138 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4139 On these systems, movemail must write lock files, or you risk losing
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4140 mail. You simply must arrange to let movemail write them.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4141
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4142 Other systems use the flock system call to interlock access. On these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4143 systems, you should configure movemail to use flock.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4144
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4145 158: How do I recover my mail files after RMAIL munges their format?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4146
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4147 Users who just want to try RMAIL out to see how it works end up trapped
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4148 using it because saved mail in their `mbox' file has been converted into
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4149 an incompatible format (BABYL) that only RMAIL understands. RMAIL
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4150 provides no obvious way to reverse this transformation. Kyle Jones has
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4151 aptly named this "the great Emacs Mail Eating Monster". To convert a mail
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4152 file back to standard Unix format, there are several methods:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4153
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4154 * Use the rmail-output ("C-o") command within RMAIL on each message in the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4155 file. First use M-x rmail or M-x rmail-input to visit the RMAIL file in
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4156 Rmail mode. Type "1 j" to go to the first message. Use the C-o command
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4157 to output the message to a Unix format file. Type "n" to go to the next
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4158 message. Repeat.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4159
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4160 * If the file contains hundreds of messages, you may not want to repeat
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4161 this for all of them. Instead of the above, after getting to the first
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4162 message type this (where "mbox" is the file you want to put the messages
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4163 in):
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4164
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4165 C-x ( C-o mbox RET M-s ^From: RET M-0 C-x )
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4166
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4167 (The rmail-search command ("M-s") is used instead of just "n" because it
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4168 is the only command which will cause an error when it reaches the last
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4169 message in the file, which is necessary to terminate the keyboard macro.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4170 This will fail if there are messages in the file that don't have a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4171 `From:' header. This assumes rmail-delete-after-output is nil.)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4172
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4173 It is wise to save a copy of the RMAIL file first, in case you make a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4174 mistake.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4175
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4176 * There are software packages available for converting files or even
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4177 entire directories of BABYL files to standard Unix format. These are
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4178 helpful in this situation, but are intended mainly for people who have
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4179 used RMAIL for a long time and are converting to some other mail reader.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4180 Lookup `rmail', `vm', and `babyl' in the Emacs Lisp Archive (see
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4181 question 89).
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4182
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4183 You may wish to disable RMAIL to avoid accidentally destroying your mbox
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4184 file (I have this in my .emacs):
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4185
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4186 (put 'rmail 'disabled t) ; avoid mbox destruction
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4187
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4188 159: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4189
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4190 Example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4191
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4192 emacs -f gnus
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4193
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4194 Also:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4195
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4196 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4197
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4198 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader from
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4199 your .emacs file. This would cause problems if you needed to run two
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4200 copies of Emacs at one time. Also, this would make it difficult for you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4201 to start Emacs quickly when you needed to.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4202
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4203 160: How do I read news under Emacs?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4204
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4205 There are at least three news reading packages that operate inside Emacs.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4206 `rnews' comes with Emacs. GNUS and Gnews come separately. rnews will
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4207 be replaced by GNUS in Emacs 19.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4208
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4209 rnews works only with a local news spool directory. Both GNUS and Gnews
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4210 handle reading news remotely via NNTP in addition to reading from a local
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4211 news spool. GNUS supports reading mail stored in MH folders or articles
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4212 saved by GNUS.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4213
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4214 Gnews is styled after `rn' and seems to work like RMAIL. GNUS feels more
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4215 like VM. People have complained that GNUS uses a lot of CPU time (it
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4216 does). Some people have complained that Gnews is slower than GNUS.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4217
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4218 For more information about GNUS, see question 108.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4219
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4220 Gnews was written by Matthew P. Wiener <weemba@libra.wistar.upenn.edu>.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4221 The latest version seems to be 2.0, posted October 3, 1988. Matthew
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4222 posted some fixes on October 26, 1988. Gnews does not appear to have been
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4223 supported after this date. In particular, it has been reported that Gnews
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4224 does not work with Emacs 18.57. There is a newsgroup for Gnews called
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
4225 gnu.emacs.gnews.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
4226
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4227 161: Why does `rnews' say "No News is good news" when there is news?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4228
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4229 rnews doesn't speak NNTP. You may need to use GNUS or Gnews.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4230
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4231 162: Why doesn't GNUS work anymore via NNTP?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4232
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4233 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4234 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one before
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4235 blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version 1.5.11
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4236 claims to fix this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4237
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4238 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4239
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4240 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4241
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4242 I also have a patch for NNTP 1.5.10 by Mike Pelletier
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4243 <stealth@engin.umich.edu> that is based on the timeout code that was in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4244 1.5.9. However, please try to upgrade to 1.5.11 first.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4245
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4246 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4247 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine (ie.,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4248 `telnet server-machine 119'). The server should give its version number
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4249 in the welcome message. Type `quit' to get out.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4250
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4251 163: How do I view text with embedded underlining (eg., ClariNews)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4252
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4253 Underlining appears like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4254
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4255 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4256
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4257 You can destructively remove underlining with M-x ununderline-region.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4258
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4259 For ClariNews articles, clari-clean.el by David N. Blank-Edelman
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4260 <dnb@meshugge.media.mit.edu> will remove both underlining and overstriking
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4261 automatically.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4262
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4263 164: When I try to post a long article in GNUS (about 10K or longer), I get
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4264 the error, "Writing to process: no more processes, nntpd"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4265
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
4266 Upgrade to Emacs 18.58 or higher.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4267
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4268 165: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4269
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4270 Use gnus-mark.el by Jamie Zawinski <jwz@lucid.com>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4271
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4272 166: Why does GNUS put the subjects in replies beyond the 80th column?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4273
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4274 This is a feature. If you set gnus-thread-hide-subject to non-nil, GNUS
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4275 will only display the subject of the first posting in a thread, even if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4276 some of the replies use different subjects. It hides the subjects by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4277 putting them past the edge of the window and setting truncate lines to t.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4278
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4279 If your screen looks messed up, then for some reason truncate-lines in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4280 your `*Subject*' buffer has been set to nil. It should be set to t.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4281
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4282 (I have an enhancement to GNUS 3.13 that will make it only hide the subject
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4283 of a posting when it is unchanged from the followed-up-to posting. Thus,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4284 you can use the subject hiding feature and still know when someone changes
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4285 the subject. (I have forgotten who originally gave me the idea for this.))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4286
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4287 167: Why is GNUS so slow to start up?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4288
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4289 GNUS does several things that take quadratic time of the number of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4290 newsgroups that are listed in .newsrc. The quick fix for this is to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4291 remove all the newsgroups in which you have no interest from your .newrc
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4292 file by using GNUS's C-k command in the `*Newsgroup*' buffer after
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4293 displaying all newsgroups with the L command. If you were to directly
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4294 edit your .newsrc to remove the newsgroups, GNUS would add them back.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4295
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4296 GNUS uses a quadratic algorithm to check for duplicates when the .newsrc
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4297 file is newer than the .newsrc.el file (ie., you edited your .newsrc).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4298 GNUS uses a quadratic algorithm to check for new newsgroups every time it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4299 connects to the news server. {There may be other quadratic algorithms
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4300 that I am not aware of.}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4301
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4302 You can speed up GNUS by using the C-k command in the *Newsgroup* buffer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4303 to remove newsgroups from your .newsrc file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4304
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4305 Of course, GNUS will run faster if you make sure it is byte-compiled.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4306
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4307 Felix Lee wrote some enhancements called `gnus-speedups.el' that fix some
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4308 of the problems. See the Emacs Lisp Archive.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4309
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4310 168: How do I catch up all newsgroups in GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4311
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4312 In the `*Newsgroup*' buffer, type the following magical incantation:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4313
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4314 M-< C-x ( C-@ c y C-u C-@ C-e C-f C-f M-0 C-x )
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4315
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4316 Leave off the "M-<" if you only want to catch up from point to the end of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4317 the `*Newsgroup' buffer.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4318
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4319 169: Why can't I kill in GNUS on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4320
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4321 GNUS 3.14.1 will complain that the `Newsgroups:', `Keywords:', and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4322 `Control:' headers are `Unknown header field's.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4323
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4324 For the `Newsgroups:' header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4325 `Xref' header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4326
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4327 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4328 this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4329
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4330 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4331
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4332 Various people (eg., Greg Holley <holley@acuson.com>) have posted
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4333 solutions to allow more efficient killing on these headers than the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4334 preceding solution. Masanobu Umeda plans to fix this problem.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4335
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4336 170: How do I get rid of flashing messages in GNUS for slow connections?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4337
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4338 GNUS outputs "NNTP: Reading..." message and then clears them, over and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4339 over. In version 3.14.1 there is a variable named nntp-debug-read that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4340 can help. Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> wrote a fix. Others have also written
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4341 fixes.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4342
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4343 171: Why is catch up slow in Gnews/GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4344
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4345 Because GNUS is marking crosspostings read. {I think it should do this at
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4346 the time the article is read to spread out the load. Maybe someone will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4347 write the code to do this.}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4348
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4349 172: Why does GNUS hang for a long time when posting?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4350
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4351 David Lawrence <tale@uunet.uu.net> explains:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4352
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4353 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4354 POST asks C News's inews to not background itself but rather hang around
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4355 and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was successful.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4356 (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status of the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4357 waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up taking a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4358 long time because inews is calling relaynews, which often waits for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4359 another relaynews to free the lock on the news system so it can file the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4360 article.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4361
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4362 My preferred solution is to change inews to not call relaynews, but
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4363 rather use newsspool. This loses some error-catching functionality, but
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4364 is for the most part safe as inews will detect a lot of the errors on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4365 its own. The C News folks have sped up inews, too, so speed should look
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4366 better to most folks as that update propagates around.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4367
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4368 173: Why don't my news postings in GNUS get past the local machine?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4369
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4370 Three possible reasons: local distribution, C News date problem (see
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4371 question 174, and the path problem. This piece of code may fix the path
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4372 problem for you:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4373
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4374 (setq gnus-use-generic-path t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4375
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4376 174: Why is the GNUS-generated `Date:' header invalid?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4377
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4378 GNUS generates `Date:' headers without time zones. C-News's `inews'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4379 doesn't replace it with a valid header, but will generate it if not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4380 already there. If it is invalid, the article will not be forwarded
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4381 properly. Quick fix:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4382
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4383 (defun gnus-inews-date () nil)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4384
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
4385 This is not fixed as of GNUS 3.14.1.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4386
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4387 175: Why doesn't GNUS generate the `Lines:' header?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4388
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4389 GNUS was written for B news, which would generate the `Lines:' header. C
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4390 news doesn't. There is a comment in C news's `inews' that you can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4391 uncomment to enable this functionality. Or you can have GNUS generate the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4392 header, for example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4393
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4394 ;; idea by jbryans@beach.csulb.edu (Jack Bryans)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4395 (defun add-lines-header ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4396 ;; Count the number of lines in the current posting and insert the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4397 ;; header line Lines into the message.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4398 (save-excursion
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4399 (goto-char (point-min))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4400 (if (search-forward "\n\n") ;; ***** I suspect this is wrong *****
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4401 (let ((lines (count-lines (point) (point-max))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4402 (forward-line -1)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4403 (insert-string "Lines: " lines "\n")))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4404
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4405 Mike Williams <mike-w@cs.aukuni.ac.nz> has written something similar.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4406
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4407 Ronald Florence <ron@mlfarm.com> has a patch for GNUS that makes it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4408 calculate the `Lines:' header for incoming articles when necessary that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4409 works for sites with local news spools.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4410
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4411 David Lawrence <tale@uunet.uu.net> says that GNUS 3.14.1 generates Lines
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4412 if gnus-news-system is Cnews.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4413
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4414 176: Why do I get "Cannot open load file" "nntp" when compiling GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4415
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4416 Specifically, the error message is this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4417
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4418 Error occurred processing gnus.el: File error (("Cannot open load file" "nntp"))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4419
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4420 This means that nntp.el is not in Emacs's load-path, which is easy to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4421 happen when compiling using the Makefile.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4422
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4423 Easiest solution: set EMACSLOADPATH in Makefile (idea from Glenn Gribble
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4424 <glenn@netcom.com>):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4425
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4426 EMACSLOADPATH=/usr/local/emacs/lisp:.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4427 ELC= env EMACSLOADPATH=$(EMACSLOADPATH) emacs -batch -f batch-byte-compile
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4428
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4429 Another solution, in hack.el put this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4430
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4431 (defun gross-hack () (setq load-path (cons "/directory" load-path)))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4432
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4433 Then in Makefile:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4434
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4435 ELC= emacs -batch -l hack.el -f gross-hack -f batch-byte-compile
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4436
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4437 177: How do I kill all articles in GNUS but those matching a pattern?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4438
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4439 Example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4440
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4441 ;; kill everything
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4442 (gnus-kill "subject" "" nil nil)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4443 ;; then restore stuff by our favorite poster
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4444 (gnus-kill "from" "good-guy"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4445 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4446 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4447 (if (eq ?X (char-after (save-excursion
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4448 (beginning-of-line 1)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4449 (point))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4450 (gnus-Subject-clear-mark-forward 1))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4451 t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4452
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4453
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4454
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4455 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4456 Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992 Joseph Brian Wells
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4457 Copyright (C) 1992, 1993 Steven Byrnes
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4458
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4459 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4460 ("FAQ") may be translated into other languages, transformed into other
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4461 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS, etc.), and updated with new
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4462 information. The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4463 apply to the FAQ itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4464 or an approved translation, information on who is currently maintaining
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4465 the FAQ and how to contact them (including their e-mail address), and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4466 information on where the latest version of the FAQ is archived (including
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4467 FTP information). The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4468 conditions, except that the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4469 work unless that work itself allows free copying and redistribution.