annotate man/xresources.texi @ 46808:cf225aed7a75

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author Kai Großjohann <kgrossjo@eu.uu.net>
date Mon, 05 Aug 2002 14:58:21 +0000
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children b18665979968
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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1987,93,94,95,1997,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
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4 @node X Resources, Antinews, Command Arguments, Top
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5 @appendix X Options and Resources
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6
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7 You can customize some X-related aspects of Emacs behavior using X
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8 resources, as is usual for programs that use X. On MS-Windows, you
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9 can customize some of the same aspects using the system registry.
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10 @xref{MS-Windows Registry}. X resources are the only way to customize
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11 tooltip windows and LessTif menus, since the libraries that implement
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12 them don't provide for customization through Emacs. This appendix
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13 describes the X resources that Emacs recognizes and how to use them.
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14
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15 @menu
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16 * Resources:: Using X resources with Emacs (in general).
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17 * Table of Resources:: Table of specific X resources that affect Emacs.
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18 * Face Resources:: X resources for customizing faces.
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19 * Lucid Resources:: X resources for Lucid menus.
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20 * LessTif Resources:: X resources for LessTif and Motif menus.
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21 @end menu
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22
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23 @node Resources
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24 @appendixsec X Resources
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25 @cindex resources
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26
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27 @cindex X resources, @file{~/.Xdefaults} file
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28 Programs running under the X Window System organize their user
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29 options under a hierarchy of classes and resources. You can specify
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30 default values for these options in your X resources file, usually
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31 named @file{~/.Xdefaults}. If changes in @file{~/.Xdefaults} do not
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32 take effect, it is because your X server stores its own list of
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33 resources; to update them, use the shell command @command{xrdb}---for
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34 instance, @samp{xrdb ~/.Xdefaults}.
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35
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36 Each line in the file specifies a value for one option or for a
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37 collection of related options, for one program or for several programs
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38 (optionally even for all programs).
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39
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40 @cindex Registry (MS-Windows)
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41 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults} file, and MS-Windows
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42 MS-Windows systems don't support @file{~/.Xdefaults} files, but
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43 Emacs compiled for Windows looks for X resources in the Windows
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44 Registry, under the key @samp{HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs}
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45 and then under the key @samp{HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs}.
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46
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47 Programs define named resources with particular meanings. They also
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48 define how to group resources into named classes. For instance, in
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49 Emacs, the @samp{internalBorder} resource controls the width of the
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50 internal border, and the @samp{borderWidth} resource controls the width
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51 of the external border. Both of these resources are part of the
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52 @samp{BorderWidth} class. Case distinctions are significant in these
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53 names.
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54
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55 In @file{~/.Xdefaults}, you can specify a value for a single resource
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56 on one line, like this:
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57
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58 @example
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59 emacs.borderWidth: 2
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60 @end example
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61
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62 @noindent
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63 Or you can use a class name to specify the same value for all resources
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64 in that class. Here's an example:
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65
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66 @example
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67 emacs.BorderWidth: 2
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68 @end example
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69
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70 If you specify a value for a class, it becomes the default for all
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71 resources in that class. You can specify values for individual
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72 resources as well; these override the class value, for those particular
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73 resources. Thus, this example specifies 2 as the default width for all
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74 borders, but overrides this value with 4 for the external border:
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75
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76 @example
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77 emacs.BorderWidth: 2
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78 emacs.borderWidth: 4
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79 @end example
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80
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81 The order in which the lines appear in the file does not matter.
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82 Also, command-line options always override the X resources file.
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83
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84 The string @samp{emacs} in the examples above is also a resource
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85 name. It actually represents the name of the executable file that you
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86 invoke to run Emacs. If Emacs is installed under a different name, it
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87 looks for resources under that name instead of @samp{emacs}.
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88
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89 @table @samp
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90 @item -name @var{name}
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91 @opindex --name
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92 @itemx --name=@var{name}
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93 @cindex resource name, command-line argument
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94 Use @var{name} as the resource name (and the title) for the initial
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95 Emacs frame. This option does not affect subsequent frames, but Lisp
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96 programs can specify frame names when they create frames.
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97
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98 If you don't specify this option, the default is to use the Emacs
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99 executable's name as the resource name.
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100
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101 @item -xrm @var{resource-values}
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102 @opindex --xrm
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103 @itemx --xrm=@var{resource-values}
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104 @cindex resource values, command-line argument
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105 Specify X resource values for this Emacs job (see below).
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106 @end table
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107
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108 For consistency, @samp{-name} also specifies the name to use for
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109 other resource values that do not belong to any particular frame.
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110
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111 The resources that name Emacs invocations also belong to a class; its
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112 name is @samp{Emacs}. If you write @samp{Emacs} instead of
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113 @samp{emacs}, the resource applies to all frames in all Emacs jobs,
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114 regardless of frame titles and regardless of the name of the executable
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115 file. Here is an example:
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116
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117 @example
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118 Emacs.BorderWidth: 2
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119 Emacs.borderWidth: 4
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120 @end example
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121
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122 You can specify a string of additional resource values for Emacs to
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123 use with the command line option @samp{-xrm @var{resources}}. The text
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124 @var{resources} should have the same format that you would use inside a file
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125 of X resources. To include multiple resource specifications in
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126 @var{resources}, put a newline between them, just as you would in a file.
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127 You can also use @samp{#include "@var{filename}"} to include a file full
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128 of resource specifications. Resource values specified with @samp{-xrm}
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129 take precedence over all other resource specifications.
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130
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131 One way to experiment with the effect of different resource settings
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132 is to use the @code{editres} program. Select @samp{Get Tree} from the
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133 @samp{Commands} menu, then click on an Emacs frame. This will display
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134 a tree showing the structure of X toolkit widgets used in an Emacs
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135 frame. Select one of them, such as @samp{menubar}, then select
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136 @samp{Show Resource Box} from the @samp{Commands} menu. This displays
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137 a list of all the meaningful X resources and allows you to edit them.
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138 Changes take effect immediately if you click on the @samp{Apply} button.
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139
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140 @node Table of Resources
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141 @appendixsec Table of X Resources for Emacs
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142
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143 This table lists the resource names that designate options for
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144 Emacs, not counting those for the appearance of the menu bar, each
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145 with the class that it belongs to:
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146
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147 @table @asis
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148 @item @code{background} (class @code{Background})
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149 Background color name.
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150
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151 @item @code{bitmapIcon} (class @code{BitmapIcon})
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152 Use a bitmap icon (a picture of a gnu) if @samp{on}, let the window
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153 manager choose an icon if @samp{off}.
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154
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155 @item @code{borderColor} (class @code{BorderColor})
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156 Color name for the external border.
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157
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158 @item @code{borderWidth} (class @code{BorderWidth})
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159 Width in pixels of the external border.
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160
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161 @item @code{cursorColor} (class @code{Foreground})
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162 Color name for text cursor (point).
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163
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164 @item @code{font} (class @code{Font})
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165 Font name for text (or fontset name, @pxref{Fontsets}).
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166
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167 @item @code{foreground} (class @code{Foreground})
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168 Color name for text.
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169
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170 @item @code{geometry} (class @code{Geometry})
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171 Window size and position. Be careful not to specify this resource as
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172 @samp{emacs*geometry}, because that may affect individual menus as well
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173 as the Emacs frame itself.
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174
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175 If this resource specifies a position, that position applies only to the
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176 initial Emacs frame (or, in the case of a resource for a specific frame
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177 name, only that frame). However, the size, if specified here, applies to
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178 all frames.
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179
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180 @item @code{fullscreen} (class @code{Fullscreen})
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181 The desired fullscreen size. The value can be one of @code{fullboth},
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182 @code{fullwidth} or @code{fullheight}, which correspond to
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183 the command-line options @samp{-fs}, @samp{-fw}, and @samp{-fh}
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184 (@pxref{Window Size X}).
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185
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186 Note that this applies to all frames created, not just the initial
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187 one.
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188
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189 @item @code{iconName} (class @code{Title})
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190 Name to display in the icon.
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191
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192 @item @code{internalBorder} (class @code{BorderWidth})
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193 Width in pixels of the internal border.
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194
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195 @item @code{lineSpacing} (class @code{LineSpacing})
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196 @cindex line spacing
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197 @cindex leading
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198 Additional space (@dfn{leading}) between lines, in pixels.
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199
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200 @item @code{menuBar} (class @code{MenuBar})
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201 Give frames menu bars if @samp{on}; don't have menu bars if
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202 @samp{off}. @xref{Lucid Resources}, and @ref{LessTif Resources}, for
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203 how to control the appearance of the menu bar if you have one.
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204
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205 @item @code{toolBar} (class @code{ToolBar})
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206 Number of lines to reserve for the tool bar. A zero value suppresses
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207 the tool bar. If the value is non-zero and
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208 @code{auto-resize-tool-bars} is non-@code{nil}, the tool bar's size
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209 will be changed automatically so that all tool bar items are visible.
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210
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211 @item @code{minibuffer} (class @code{Minibuffer})
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212 If @samp{none}, don't make a minibuffer in this frame.
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213 It will use a separate minibuffer frame instead.
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214
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215 @item @code{paneFont} (class @code{Font})
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216 @cindex font for menus
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217 Font name for menu pane titles, in non-toolkit versions of Emacs.
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218
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219 @item @code{pointerColor} (class @code{Foreground})
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220 Color of the mouse cursor.
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221
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222 @ignore
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223 @item @code{privateColormap} (class @code{PrivateColormap})
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224 If @samp{on}, use a private color map, in the case where the ``default
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225 visual'' of class PseudoColor and Emacs is using it.
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226 @end ignore
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227
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228 @item @code{reverseVideo} (class @code{ReverseVideo})
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229 Switch foreground and background default colors if @samp{on}, use colors as
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230 specified if @samp{off}.
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231
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232 @item @code{screenGamma} (class @code{ScreenGamma})
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233 @cindex gamma correction
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234 Gamma correction for colors, equivalent to the frame parameter
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235 @code{screen-gamma}.
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236
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237 @item @code{selectionFont} (class @code{Font})
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238 Font name for pop-up menu items, in non-toolkit versions of Emacs. (For
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239 toolkit versions, see @ref{Lucid Resources}, also see @ref{LessTif
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240 Resources}.)
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241
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242 @item @code{synchronous} (class @code{Synchronous})
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243 @cindex debugging X problems
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244 @cindex synchronous X mode
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245 Run Emacs in synchronous mode if @samp{on}. Synchronous mode is
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246 useful for debugging X problems.
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247
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248 @item @code{title} (class @code{Title})
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249 Name to display in the title bar of the initial Emacs frame.
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250
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251 @item @code{verticalScrollBars} (class @code{ScrollBars})
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252 Give frames scroll bars if @samp{on}; don't have scroll bars if
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253 @samp{off}.
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254 @end table
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255
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256 @node Face Resources
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257 @appendixsec X Resources for Faces
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258
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259 You can also use resources to customize the appearance of particular
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260 faces (@pxref{Faces}):
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261
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262 @table @code
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263 @item @var{face}.attributeFont
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264 Font for face @var{face}.
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265 @item @var{face}.attributeForeground
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266 Foreground color for face @var{face}.
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267 @item @var{face}.attributeBackground
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268 Background color for face @var{face}.
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269 @item @var{face}.attributeUnderline
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270 Underline flag for face @var{face}. Use @samp{on} or @samp{true} for
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271 yes.
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272 @item @var{face}.attributeFamily
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273 Font family for face @var{face}.
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274 @item @var{face}.attributeWidth
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275 Relative proportional width of the font to use for face @var{face}.
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276 It should be one of @code{ultra-condensed}, @code{extra-condensed},
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277 @code{condensed}, @code{semi-condensed}, @code{normal},
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278 @code{semi-expanded}, @code{expanded}, @code{extra-expanded}, or
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279 @code{ultra-expanded}.
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280 @item @var{face}.attributeHeight
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281 Height of the font to use for face @var{face}: either an integer
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282 specifying the height in units of 1/10@dmn{pt}, or a floating point
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283 number that specifies a scale factor to scale the underlying face's
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284 default font, or a function to be called with the default height which
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285 will return a new height.
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286 @item @var{face}.attributeWeight
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287 A weight to use for the face @var{face}. It must be one of
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288 @code{ultra-bold}, @code{extra-bold}, @code{bold},
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289 @code{semi-bold}, @code{normal}, @code{semi-light}, @code{light},
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290 @code{extra-light}, @code{ultra-light}.
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291 @item @var{face}.attributeSlant
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292 The slant to use for the font of face @var{face}. It must be one of
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293 @code{italic}, @code{oblique}, @code{normal},
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294 @code{reverse-italic}, or @code{reverse-oblique}.
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295 @item @var{face}.attributeStrikeThrough
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296 Whether the face @var{face} should be drawn with a line striking
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297 through the characters.
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298 @item @var{face}.attributeOverline
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299 Whether the characters in the face @var{face} should be overlined.
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300 @item @var{face}.attributeBox
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301 Whether to draw a box around the characters in face @var{face}.
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302 @item @var{face}.attributeInverse
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303 Whether to display the characters in face @var{face} in inverse
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304 video.
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305 @item @var{face}.attributeStipple
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306 The name of a pixmap data file to use for the stipple pattern, or
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307 @code{false} to not use stipple for the face @var{face}.
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308 @item @var{face}.attributeBackgroundPixmap
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309 The background pixmap for the face @var{face}. Should be a name of a
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310 pixmap file or @code{false}.
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311 @item @var{face}.attributeBold
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312 Whether to draw the characters in the face @var{face} as bold.
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313 @item @var{face}.attributeItalic
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314 Whether to draw the characters in the face @var{face} as italic.
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315 @end table
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316
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317 @node Lucid Resources
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318 @appendixsec Lucid Menu X Resources
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319 @cindex Menu X Resources (Lucid widgets)
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320 @cindex Lucid Widget X Resources
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321
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322 If the Emacs installed at your site was built to use the X toolkit
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323 with the Lucid menu widgets, then the menu bar is a separate widget and
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324 has its own resources. The resource names contain @samp{pane.menubar}
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325 (following, as always, the name of the Emacs invocation, or @samp{Emacs},
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326 which stands for all Emacs invocations). Specify them like this:
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327
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328 @example
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329 Emacs.pane.menubar.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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330 @end example
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331
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332 @noindent
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333 For example, to specify the font @samp{8x16} for the menu-bar items,
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334 write this:
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335
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336 @example
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337 Emacs.pane.menubar.font: 8x16
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338 @end example
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339
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340 @noindent
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341 Resources for @emph{non-menubar} toolkit pop-up menus have
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342 @samp{menu*}, in like fashion. For example, to specify the font
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343 @samp{8x16} for the pop-up menu items, write this:
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344
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345 @example
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346 Emacs.menu*.font: 8x16
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347 @end example
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348
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349 @noindent
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350 For dialog boxes, use @samp{dialog} instead of @samp{menu}:
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351
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352 @example
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353 Emacs.dialog*.font: 8x16
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354 @end example
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355
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356 @noindent
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357 Experience shows that on some systems you may need to add
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358 @samp{shell.}@: before the @samp{pane.menubar} or @samp{menu*}. On
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359 some other systems, you must not add @samp{shell.}.
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360
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361 Here is a list of the specific resources for menu bars and pop-up menus:
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362
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363 @table @code
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364 @item font
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365 Font for menu item text.
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366 @item foreground
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367 Color of the foreground.
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368 @item background
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369 Color of the background.
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370 @item buttonForeground
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371 In the menu bar, the color of the foreground for a selected item.
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372 @item horizontalSpacing
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373 Horizontal spacing in pixels between items. Default is 3.
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374 @item verticalSpacing
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375 Vertical spacing in pixels between items. Default is 1.
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376 @item arrowSpacing
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377 Horizontal spacing between the arrow (which indicates a submenu) and
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378 the associated text. Default is 10.
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379 @item shadowThickness
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380 Thickness of shadow line around the widget.
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381 @item margin
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382 The margin of the menu bar, in characters. The default of 4 makes the
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383 menu bar appear like the LessTif/Motif one.
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384 @end table
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385
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386 @node LessTif Resources
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387 @appendixsec LessTif Menu X Resources
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388 @cindex Menu X Resources (LessTif widgets)
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389 @cindex LessTif Widget X Resources
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390
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391 If the Emacs installed at your site was built to use the X toolkit
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392 with the LessTif or Motif widgets, then the menu bar, the dialog
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393 boxes, the pop-up menus, and the file-selection box are separate
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394 widgets and have their own resources.
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395
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396 The resource names for the menu bar contain @samp{pane.menubar}
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397 (following, as always, the name of the Emacs invocation, or
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398 @samp{Emacs}, which stands for all Emacs invocations). Specify them
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399 like this:
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400
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401 @smallexample
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402 Emacs.pane.menubar.@var{subwidget}.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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403 @end smallexample
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404
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405 Each individual string in the menu bar is a subwidget; the subwidget's
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406 name is the same as the menu item string. For example, the word
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407 @samp{File} in the menu bar is part of a subwidget named
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408 @samp{emacs.pane.menubar.File}. Most likely, you want to specify the
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409 same resources for the whole menu bar. To do this, use @samp{*} instead
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410 of a specific subwidget name. For example, to specify the font
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411 @samp{8x16} for the menu-bar items, write this:
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412
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413 @smallexample
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414 Emacs.pane.menubar.*.fontList: 8x16
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415 @end smallexample
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416
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417 @noindent
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418 This also specifies the resource value for submenus.
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419
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420 Each item in a submenu in the menu bar also has its own name for X
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421 resources; for example, the @samp{File} submenu has an item named
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422 @samp{Save (current buffer)}. A resource specification for a submenu
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423 item looks like this:
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424
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425 @smallexample
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426 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.@var{menu}.@var{item}.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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427 @end smallexample
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428
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429 @noindent
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430 For example, here's how to specify the font for the @samp{Save (current
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431 buffer)} item:
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432
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433 @smallexample
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434 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.File.Save (current buffer).fontList: 8x16
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435 @end smallexample
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436
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437 @noindent
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438 For an item in a second-level submenu, such as @samp{Complete Word}
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439 under @samp{Spell Checking} under @samp{Tools}, the resource fits this
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440 template:
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441
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442 @smallexample
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443 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.popup_*.@var{menu}.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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444 @end smallexample
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445
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446 @noindent
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447 For example,
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448
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449 @smallexample
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450 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.popup_*.Spell Checking.Complete Word: @var{value}
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451 @end smallexample
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452
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453 @noindent
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454 (This should be one long line.)
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455
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456 It's impossible to specify a resource for all the menu-bar items
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457 without also specifying it for the submenus as well. So if you want the
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458 submenu items to look different from the menu bar itself, you must ask
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459 for that in two steps. First, specify the resource for all of them;
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460 then, override the value for submenus alone. Here is an example:
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461
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462 @smallexample
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463 Emacs.pane.menubar.*.fontList: 8x16
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464 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.fontList: 8x16
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465 @end smallexample
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466
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467 @noindent
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468 For LessTif pop-up menus, use @samp{menu*} instead of
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469 @samp{pane.menubar}. For example, to specify the font @samp{8x16} for
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470 the pop-up menu items, write this:
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471
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472 @smallexample
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473 Emacs.menu*.fontList: 8x16
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474 @end smallexample
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475
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476 @noindent
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477 For LessTif dialog boxes, use @samp{dialog} instead of @samp{menu}:
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478
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479 @example
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480 Emacs.dialog*.fontList: 8x16
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481 Emacs.dialog*.foreground: hotpink
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482 @end example
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483
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484 To specify resources for the LessTif file-selection box, use
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485 @samp{fsb*}, like this:
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486
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487 @example
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488 Emacs.fsb*.fontList: 8x16
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489 @end example
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490
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491 @iftex
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492 @medbreak
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493 @end iftex
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494 Here is a list of the specific resources for LessTif menu bars and
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495 pop-up menus:
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496
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497 @table @code
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498 @item armColor
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499 The color to show in an armed button.
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500 @item fontList
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501 The font to use.
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502 @item marginBottom
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503 @itemx marginHeight
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504 @itemx marginLeft
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505 @itemx marginRight
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506 @itemx marginTop
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507 @itemx marginWidth
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508 Amount of space to leave around the item, within the border.
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509 @item borderWidth
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510 The width of the border around the menu item, on all sides.
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511 @item shadowThickness
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512 The width of the border shadow.
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513 @item bottomShadowColor
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514 The color for the border shadow, on the bottom and the right.
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515 @item topShadowColor
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516 The color for the border shadow, on the top and the left.
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517 @end table