annotate etc/gnus-tut.txt @ 105178:d0f5b10b5fb4

(diary-fancy-display): Always run the hook.
author Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
date Thu, 24 Sep 2009 03:26:51 +0000
parents c90853557b90
children 1d1d5d9bd884
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1 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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2 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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3 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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4 Subject: So you want to use the new Gnus
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5 Message-ID: <lars-doc1@eyesore.no>
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6
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7 Actually, since you are reading this, chances are you are already
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8 using the new Gnus. Congratulations.
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9
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10 This entire newsgroup you are reading is, in fact, no real newsgroup
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11 at all, in the traditional sense. It is an example of one of the
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12 "foreign" select methods that Gnus may use.
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13
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14 The text you are now reading is stored in the "etc" directory with the
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15 rest of the Emacs sources. You are using the "nndoc" backend for
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16 accessing it. Scary, isn't it?
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17
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18 This isn't the real documentation. `M-x info', `m gnus <RET>' to read
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19 that. This "newsgroup" is intended as a kinder, gentler way of getting
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20 people started.
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21
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22 Gnus is a rewrite of GNUS 4.1, written by Masanobu Umeda. The rewrite
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23 was done by moi, yours truly, your humble servant, Lars Magne
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24 Ingebrigtsen. If you have a WWW browser, you can investigate to your
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25 heart's delight at <URL:http://www.ifi.uio.no/~larsi/larsi.html>.
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26
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27 ;; Copyright (C) 1995, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007,
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28 ;; 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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29
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30 ;; Author: Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen <larsi@ifi.uio.no>
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31 ;; Keywords: news
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32
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33 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
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34
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35 ;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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36 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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37 ;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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38 ;; (at your option) any later version.
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39
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40 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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41 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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42 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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43 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
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44
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45 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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46 ;; along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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47
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48 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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49 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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50 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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51 Subject: Starting up
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52 Message-ID: <lars-doc2@eyesore.no>
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53
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54 If you are having problems with Gnus not finding your server, you have
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55 to set `gnus-select-method'. A "method" is a way of specifying *how*
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56 the news is to be found, and from *where*.
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57
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58 Say you want to read news from you local, friendly nntp server
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59 "news.my.local.server".
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60
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61 (setq gnus-select-method '(nntp "news.my.local.server"))
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62
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63 Quite easy, huh?
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64
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65 From the news spool:
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66
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67 (setq gnus-select-method '(nnspool ""))
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68
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69 From your mh-e spool:
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70
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71 (setq gnus-select-method '(nnmh ""))
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72
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73 There's a whole bunch of other methods for reading mail and news, see
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74 the "Foreign groups" article for that.
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75
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76
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77 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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78 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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79 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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80 Subject: Where are all the groups, then?
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81 Message-ID: <lars-doc3@eyesore.no>
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82
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83 If this is the first time you have used a newsreader, you won't have a
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84 .newsrc file. This means that Gnus will think that all the newsgroups
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85 on the server are "new", and kill them all.
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86
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87 If you have a .newsrc file, the new groups will be processed with the
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88 function in the `gnus-subscribe-newsgroup-method' variable, which is
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89 `gnus-subscribe-zombies' by default.
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90
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91 This means that all the groups have been made into "zombies" - not
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92 quite dead, but not exactly alive, either.
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93
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94 Jump back to the *Group* buffer, and type `A z' to list all the zombie
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95 groups. Look though the list, and subscribe to the groups you want to
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96 read by pressing `u' on the one you think look interesting.
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97
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98 If all the groups have been killed, type `A k' to list all the killed
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99 groups. Subscribe to them the same way.
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100
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101 When you are satisfied, press `S z' to kill all the zombie groups.
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102
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103 Now you should have a nice list of all groups you are interested in.
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104
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105 (If you later want to subscribe to more groups, press `A k' to
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106 list all the kill groups, and repeat. You can also type `U' and be
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107 prompted for groups to subscribe to.)
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108
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109
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110 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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111 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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112 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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113 Subject: I want to read my mail!
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114 Message-ID: <lars-doc4@eyesore.no>
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115
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116 Yes, Virginia, you can read mail with Gnus.
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117
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118 First you have to decide which mail backend you want to use. You have
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119 nnml, which is a one-file-one-mail backend, which is quite nice, but
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120 apt to make your systems administrator go crazy and come after you
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121 with a shotgun.
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122
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123 nnmbox uses a Unix mail box to store mail. Nice, but slow.
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124
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125 nnmh uses mh-e folders, which is also a one-file-one-mail thingie, but
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126 slower than nnml. (It doesn't support NOV files.)
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127
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128 So if you want to go with nnmbox, you can simply say:
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129
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130 (setq gnus-secondary-select-methods '((nnmbox "")))
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131
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132 (The same for the other methods, kind of.)
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133
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134 You should also set `nnmail-split-methods' to something sensible:
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135
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136 (setq nnmail-split-methods
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137 '(("mail.junk" "From:.*Lars")
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138 ("mail.misc "")))
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139
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140 This will put all mail from me in you junk mail group, and the rest in
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141 "mail.misc".
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142
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143 These groups will be subscribe the same way as the normal groups, so
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144 you will probably find them among the zombie groups after you set
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145 these variables and re-start Gnus.
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146
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147
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148 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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149 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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150 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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151 Subject: Foreign newsgroups
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152 Message-ID: <lars-doc5@eyesore.no>
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153
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154 These are groups that do not come from `gnus-select-method'.
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155
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156 Say you want to read "alt.furniture.couches" from "news.funet.fi". You
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157 can then either type `B news.funet.fi <RET>' to browse that server and
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158 subscribe to that group, or you can type
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159 `G m alt.furniture.couches<RET>nntp<RET>news.funet.fi<RET>', if you
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160 like to type a lot.
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161
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162 If you want to read a directory as a newsgroup, you can create an
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163 nndir group, much the same way. There's a shorthand for that,
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164 though. If, for instance, you want to read the (ding) list archives,
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165 you could type `G d /ftp <RET>'.
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166
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167 There's lots more to know about foreign groups, but you have to read
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168 the info pages to find out more.
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169
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170
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171 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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172 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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173 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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174 Subject: Low level changes in GNUS, or, Wrong type argument: stringp, nil
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175 Message-ID: <lars-doc6@eyesore.no>
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176
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177 Gnus really isn't GNUS, even though it looks like it. If you scrape
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178 the surface, you'll find that most things have changed.
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179
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180 This means that old code that relies on GNUS internals will fail.
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181
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182 In particular, `gnus-newsrc-hashtb', `gnus-newsrc-assoc',
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183 `gnus-killed-list', the `nntp-header-' macros and the display formats
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184 have all changed. If you have some code lying around that depend on
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185 these, or change these, you'll have to re-write your code.
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186
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187 Old hilit19 code does not work at all. In fact, you should probably
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188 remove all hilit code from all the Gnus hooks
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189 (`gnus-group-prepare-hook', `gnus-summary-prepare-hook' and
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190 `gnus-summary-article-hook'). (Well, at the very least the first
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191 two.) Gnus provides various integrated functions for highlighting,
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192 which are both faster and more accurated.
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193
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194 There is absolutely no chance, whatsoever, of getting Gnus to work
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195 with Emacs 18. It won't even work on Emacsen older than Emacs
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196 19.30/XEmacs 19.13. Upgrade your Emacs or die.
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197
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198
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199 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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200 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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201 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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202 Subject: How do I re-scan my mail groups?
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203 Message-ID: <lars-doc8@eyesore.no>
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204
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205 Reading the active file from the nntp server is a drag.
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206
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207 Just press `M-g' on the mail groups, and they will be re-scanned.
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208
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209 You can also re-scan all the mail groups by putting them on level 1
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210 (`S l 1'), and saying `1 g' to re-scan all level 1 groups.
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211
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212
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213 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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214 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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215 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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216 Subject: How do I set up virtual newsgroups?
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217 Message-ID: <lars-doc9@eyesore.no>
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218
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219 Virtual newsgroups are collections of other newsgroups. Why people
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220 want this is beyond me, but here goes:
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221
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222 Create the group by saying
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223
69195
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224 `G m my.virtual.newsgroup<RET>nnvirtual<RET>^rec\.aquaria\.*<RET>'
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225
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226 This will create the group "nnvirtual:my.virtual.newsgroup", which
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227 will collect all articles from all the groups in the "rec.aquaria"
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228 hierarchy.
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229
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230 If you want to edit the regular expression, just type `M-e' on the
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231 group line.
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232
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233 Note that all the groups that are part of the virtual group have to be
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234 alive. This means that the cannot, absolutely not, be zombie or
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235 killed. They can be unsubscribed; that's no problem.
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236
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237 You can combine groups from different servers in the same virtual
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238 newsgroup, something that may actually be useful. Say you have the
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239 group "comp.headers" on the server "news.server.no" and the same group
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240 on "news.server.edu". If people have posted articles with Distribution
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241 headers that stop propagation of their articles, combining these two
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242 newsgroups into one virtual newsgroup should give you a better view of
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243 what's going on.
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244
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245 One caveat, though: The virtual group article numbers from the first
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246 source group (group A) will always be lower than the article numbers
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247 from the second (group B). This means that Gnus will believe that
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248 articles from group A are older than articles from group B. Threading
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249 will lessen these problems, but it might be a good idea to sort the
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250 threads over the date of the articles to get a correct feel for the
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251 flow of the groups:
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252
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253 (setq gnus-thread-sort-functions '(gnus-thread-sort-by-date))
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254
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255 If you only want this in virtual groups, you could say something along
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256 the lines of:
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257
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258 (setq gnus-select-group-hook
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259 (lambda ()
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260 (if (eq 'nnvirtual (car (gnus-find-method-for-group
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261 gnus-newsgroup-name)))
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262 (progn
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263 (make-local-variable 'gnus-thread-sort-functions)
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264 (setq gnus-thread-sort-functions '(gnus-thread-sort-by-date))))))
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265
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266
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267 From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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268 From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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269 Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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270 Subject: Bugs & stuff
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271 Message-ID: <lars-doc7@eyesore.no>
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272
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273 If you want to report a bug, please type `M-x gnus-bug'. This will
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274 give me a precise overview of your Gnus and Emacs version numbers,
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275 along with a look at all Gnus variables you have changed.
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276
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277 Du not expect a reply back, but your bug should be fixed in the next
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278 version. If the bug persists, please re-submit your bug report.
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279
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280 When a bug occurs, I need a recipe for how to trigger the bug. You
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281 have to tell me exactly what you do to uncover the bug, and you should
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282 (setq debug-on-error t) and send me the backtrace along with the bug
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283 report.
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284
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285 If I am not able to reproduce the bug, I won't be able to fix it.
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286
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287 I would, of course, prefer that you locate the bug, fix it, and mail
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288 me the patches, but one can't have everything.
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289
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290 If you have any questions on usage, the "ding@ifi.uio.no" mailing list
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291 is where to post the questions.
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292
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293