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annotate man/faq.texi @ 90314:d1c5430c5bff
Revision: emacs@sv.gnu.org/emacs--unicode--0--patch-21
Merge from emacs--devo--0
Patches applied:
* emacs--devo--0 (patch 97-112)
- Update from CVS
- Merge from erc--emacs--0
- Update from CVS: src/regex.c (extend_range_table_work_area): Fix typo.
- Merge from gnus--rel--5.10
* gnus--rel--5.10 (patch 37)
- Update from CVS
author | Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org> |
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date | Wed, 22 Feb 2006 06:54:10 +0000 |
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children | 34c8b755296d |
rev | line source |
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1 \input texinfo @c -*- mode: texinfo; -*- |
25474 | 2 @c %**start of header |
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3 @setfilename ../info/efaq |
25474 | 4 @settitle GNU Emacs FAQ |
5 @c %**end of header | |
6 | |
7 @setchapternewpage odd | |
8 | |
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9 @c This is used in many places |
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10 @set VER 22.1 |
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11 |
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12 @c This file is maintained by Romain Francoise <rfrancoise@gnu.org>. |
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13 @c Feel free to install changes without prior permission (but I'd |
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14 @c appreciate a notice if you do). |
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15 |
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16 @copying |
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17 Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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18 Copyright 1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000 Reuven M. Lerner@* |
28127 | 19 Copyright 1992,1993 Steven Byrnes@* |
20 Copyright 1990,1991,1992 Joseph Brian Wells@* | |
25474 | 21 |
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22 @quotation |
25474 | 23 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers |
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24 (``FAQ'') may be translated into other languages, transformed into other |
25474 | 25 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information. |
26 | |
27 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ | |
28 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved | |
29 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to | |
30 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the | |
31 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information). | |
32 | |
33 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that | |
34 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work | |
35 itself allows free copying and redistribution. | |
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36 |
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37 [This version has been heavily edited since it was included in the Emacs |
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38 distribution.] |
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39 @end quotation |
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40 @end copying |
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41 |
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42 @dircategory Emacs |
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43 @direntry |
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44 * Emacs FAQ: (efaq). Frequently Asked Questions about Emacs. |
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45 @end direntry |
25474 | 46 |
47 @c The @titlepage stuff only appears in the printed version | |
48 @titlepage | |
49 @sp 10 | |
50 @center @titlefont{GNU Emacs FAQ} | |
51 | |
52 @c The following two commands start the copyright page. | |
53 @page | |
54 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll | |
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55 @insertcopying |
25474 | 56 @end titlepage |
57 | |
58 @node Top, FAQ notation, (dir), (dir) | |
59 | |
60 This is the GNU Emacs FAQ, last updated on @today{}. | |
61 | |
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62 This FAQ is maintained as a part of GNU Emacs. If you find any errors, |
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63 or have any suggestions, please use @kbd{M-x report-emacs-bug} to report |
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64 them. |
25474 | 65 |
66 @menu | |
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67 * FAQ notation:: |
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68 * General questions:: |
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69 * Getting help:: |
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70 * Status of Emacs:: |
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71 * Common requests:: |
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72 * Bugs and problems:: |
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73 * Compiling and installing Emacs:: |
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74 * Finding Emacs and related packages:: |
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75 * Major packages and programs:: |
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76 * Key bindings:: |
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77 * Alternate character sets:: |
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78 * Mail and news:: |
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79 * Concept index:: |
25474 | 80 @end menu |
81 | |
82 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
83 @node FAQ notation, General questions, Top, Top | |
84 @chapter FAQ notation | |
85 @cindex FAQ notation | |
86 | |
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87 This chapter describes notation used in the GNU Emacs FAQ, as well as in |
25474 | 88 the Emacs documentation. Consult this section if this is the first time |
89 you are reading the FAQ, or if you are confused by notation or terms | |
90 used in the FAQ. | |
91 | |
92 @menu | |
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93 * Basic keys:: |
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94 * Extended commands:: |
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95 * On-line manual:: |
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96 * File-name conventions:: |
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97 * Common acronyms:: |
25474 | 98 @end menu |
99 | |
100 @node Basic keys, Extended commands, FAQ notation, FAQ notation | |
40705 | 101 @section What do these mean: @kbd{C-h}, @kbd{C-M-a}, @key{RET}, @kbd{@key{ESC} a}, etc.? |
25474 | 102 @cindex Basic keys |
103 @cindex Control key, notation for | |
104 @cindex @key{Meta} key, notation for | |
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105 @cindex Control-Meta characters, notation for |
25474 | 106 @cindex @kbd{C-h}, definition of |
40705 | 107 @cindex @kbd{C-M-h}, definition of |
25474 | 108 @cindex @key{DEL}, definition of |
109 @cindex @key{ESC}, definition of | |
110 @cindex @key{LFD}, definition of | |
111 @cindex @key{RET}, definition of | |
112 @cindex @key{SPC}, definition of | |
113 @cindex @key{TAB}, definition of | |
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114 @cindex Notation for keys |
25474 | 115 |
116 @itemize @bullet | |
117 | |
118 @item | |
119 @kbd{C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Control} key | |
120 | |
121 @item | |
122 @kbd{M-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Meta} key | |
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123 (if your computer doesn't have a @key{Meta} key, @pxref{No Meta key}) |
25474 | 124 |
125 @item | |
126 @kbd{M-C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down both @key{Control} | |
127 and @key{Meta} | |
128 | |
129 @item | |
130 @kbd{C-M-x}: a synonym for the above | |
131 | |
132 @item | |
133 @key{LFD}: Linefeed or Newline; same as @kbd{C-j} | |
134 | |
135 @item | |
136 @key{RET}: @key{Return}, sometimes marked @key{Enter}; same as @kbd{C-m} | |
137 | |
138 @item | |
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139 @key{DEL}: @key{Delete}, usually @strong{not} the same as |
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140 @key{Backspace}; same as @kbd{C-?} (see @ref{Backspace invokes help}, if |
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141 deleting invokes Emacs help) |
25474 | 142 |
143 @item | |
144 @key{ESC}: Escape; same as @kbd{C-[} | |
145 | |
146 @item | |
147 @key{TAB}: Tab; same as @kbd{C-i} | |
148 | |
149 @item | |
150 @key{SPC}: Space bar | |
151 | |
152 @end itemize | |
153 | |
154 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are | |
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155 written inside quotes or on lines by themselves, like this: |
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156 |
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157 @display |
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158 @kbd{M-x frobnicate-while-foo RET} |
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159 @end display |
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160 |
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161 @noindent |
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162 Any real spaces in such a key sequence should be ignored; only @key{SPC} |
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163 really means press the space key. |
25474 | 164 |
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165 The @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{C-x} (except for @kbd{C-?}) is the value |
25474 | 166 that would be sent by pressing just @key{x} minus 96 (or 64 for |
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167 upper-case @key{X}) and will be from 0 to 31. On Unix and GNU/Linux |
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168 terminals, the @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{M-x} is the sum of 128 and the |
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169 @acronym{ASCII} code that would be sent by pressing just @key{x}. Essentially, |
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170 @key{Control} turns off bits 5 and 6 and @key{Meta} turns on bit |
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171 7@footnote{ |
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172 DOS and Windows terminals don't set bit 7 when the @key{Meta} key is |
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173 pressed.}. |
25474 | 174 |
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175 @kbd{C-?} (aka @key{DEL}) is @acronym{ASCII} code 127. It is a misnomer to call |
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176 @kbd{C-?} a ``control'' key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON. |
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177 Also, on very few keyboards does @kbd{C-?} generate @acronym{ASCII} code 127. |
25474 | 178 |
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179 @inforef{Text Characters, Text Characters, emacs}, and @inforef{Keys, |
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180 Keys, emacs}, for more information. (@xref{On-line manual}, for more |
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181 information about Info.) |
25474 | 182 |
183 @node Extended commands, On-line manual, Basic keys, FAQ notation | |
184 @section What does @file{M-x @var{command}} mean? | |
185 @cindex Extended commands | |
186 @cindex Commands, extended | |
187 @cindex M-x, meaning of | |
188 | |
189 @kbd{M-x @var{command}} means type @kbd{M-x}, then type the name of the | |
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190 command, then type @key{RET}. (@xref{Basic keys}, if you're not sure |
25474 | 191 what @kbd{M-x} and @key{RET} mean.) |
192 | |
193 @kbd{M-x} (by default) invokes the command | |
194 @code{execute-extended-command}. This command allows you to run any | |
195 Emacs command if you can remember the command's name. If you can't | |
196 remember the command's name, you can type @key{TAB} and @key{SPC} for | |
197 completion, @key{?} for a list of possibilities, and @kbd{M-p} and | |
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198 @kbd{M-n} (or up-arrow and down-arrow on terminals that have these |
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199 editing keys) to see previous commands entered. An Emacs @dfn{command} |
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200 is an @dfn{interactive} Emacs function. |
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201 |
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202 @cindex @key{Do} key |
25474 | 203 Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to invoke |
204 @code{execute-extended-command}. A function key labeled @kbd{Do} is a | |
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205 good candidate for this, on keyboards that have such a key. |
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206 |
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207 If you need to run non-interactive Emacs functions, see @ref{Evaluating |
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208 Emacs Lisp code}. |
25474 | 209 |
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210 @node On-line manual, File-name conventions, Extended commands, FAQ notation |
25474 | 211 @section How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual? |
212 @cindex On-line manual, reading topics in | |
213 @cindex Reading topics in the on-line manual | |
214 @cindex Finding topics in the on-line manual | |
215 @cindex Info, finding topics in | |
216 | |
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217 When we refer you to some @var{topic} in the on-line manual, you can |
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218 read this manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by |
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219 typing @kbd{C-h i m emacs @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET}}. |
25474 | 220 |
221 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't | |
222 already know how to use Info, type @key{?} from within Info. | |
223 | |
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224 If we refer to @var{topic}:@var{subtopic}, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs |
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225 @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET} m @var{subtopic} @key{RET}}. |
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226 |
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227 If these commands don't work as expected, your system administrator may |
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228 not have installed the Info files, or may have installed them |
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229 improperly. In this case you should complain. |
25474 | 230 |
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231 @xref{Getting a printed manual}, if you would like a paper copy of the |
25474 | 232 Emacs manual. |
233 | |
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234 @node File-name conventions, Common acronyms, On-line manual, FAQ notation |
25474 | 235 @section What are @file{etc/SERVICE}, @file{src/config.h}, and @file{lisp/default.el}? |
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236 @cindex File-name conventions |
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237 @cindex Conventions for file names |
25474 | 238 @cindex Directories and files that come with Emacs |
239 | |
240 These are files that come with Emacs. The Emacs distribution is divided | |
241 into subdirectories; the important ones are @file{etc}, @file{lisp}, and | |
242 @file{src}. | |
243 | |
244 If you use Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, start | |
245 Emacs, then type @kbd{C-h v data-directory @key{RET}}. The directory | |
246 name displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed | |
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247 @file{etc} directory. (This full path is recorded in the Emacs variable |
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248 @code{data-directory}, and @kbd{C-h v} displays the value and the |
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249 documentation of a variable.) |
25474 | 250 |
251 The location of your Info directory (i.e., where on-line documentation | |
252 is stored) is kept in the variable @code{Info-default-directory-list}. Use | |
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253 @kbd{C-h v Info-default-directory-list @key{RET}} to see the value of |
25474 | 254 this variable, which will be a list of directory names. The last |
255 directory in that list is probably where most Info files are stored. By | |
256 default, Info documentation is placed in @file{/usr/local/info}. | |
257 | |
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258 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see |
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259 @ref{Informational files for Emacs}. They all are available in the |
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260 source distribution. Many of the files in the @file{etc} directory are |
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261 also available via the Emacs @samp{Help} menu, or by typing @kbd{C-h ?} |
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262 (@kbd{M-x help-for-help}). |
25474 | 263 |
264 Your system administrator may have removed the @file{src} directory and | |
265 many files from the @file{etc} directory. | |
266 | |
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267 @node Common acronyms, , File-name conventions, FAQ notation |
25474 | 268 @section What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL? |
269 @cindex FSF, definition of | |
270 @cindex LPF, definition of | |
271 @cindex OSF, definition of | |
272 @cindex GNU, definition of | |
273 @cindex RMS, definition of | |
274 @cindex Stallman, Richard, acronym for | |
275 @cindex Richard Stallman, acronym for | |
276 @cindex FTP, definition of | |
277 @cindex GPL, definition of | |
278 @cindex Acronyms, definitions for | |
279 @cindex Common acronyms, definitions for | |
280 | |
281 @table @asis | |
282 | |
283 @item FSF | |
284 Free Software Foundation | |
285 | |
286 @item LPF | |
287 League for Programming Freedom | |
288 | |
289 @item OSF | |
290 Open Software Foundation | |
291 | |
292 @item GNU | |
293 GNU's Not Unix | |
294 | |
295 @item RMS | |
296 Richard Matthew Stallman | |
297 | |
298 @item FTP | |
299 File Transfer Protocol | |
300 | |
301 @item GPL | |
302 GNU General Public License | |
303 | |
304 @end table | |
305 | |
306 Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes | |
307 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make | |
308 high quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a | |
309 consortium of computer vendors which develops commercial software for | |
310 Unix systems. | |
311 | |
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312 The word ``free'' in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers to |
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313 ``freedom,'' not ``zero dollars.'' Anyone can charge any price for |
25474 | 314 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the |
315 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always | |
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316 get the software for less money from someone else, since everyone has |
25474 | 317 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software. |
318 | |
319 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
320 @node General questions, Getting help, FAQ notation, Top | |
321 @chapter General questions | |
322 @cindex General questions | |
323 | |
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324 This chapter contains general questions having to do with Emacs, the |
25474 | 325 Free Software Foundation, and related organizations. |
326 | |
327 @menu | |
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328 * The LPF:: |
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329 * Real meaning of copyleft:: |
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330 * Guidelines for newsgroup postings:: |
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331 * Newsgroup archives:: |
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332 * Reporting bugs:: |
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333 * Unsubscribing from Emacs lists:: |
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334 * Contacting the FSF:: |
25474 | 335 @end menu |
336 | |
337 @node The LPF, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions, General questions | |
338 @section What is the LPF? | |
339 @cindex LPF, description of | |
340 @cindex League for Programming Freedom | |
341 @cindex Software patents, opposition to | |
342 @cindex Patents for software, opposition to | |
343 | |
344 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and | |
345 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact | |
346 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact | |
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347 @email{jbw@@cs.bu.edu, Joe Wells}; he will be happy to talk to you |
25474 | 348 about the LPF. |
349 | |
350 You can find more information about the LPF in the file @file{etc/LPF}. | |
351 More papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and | |
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352 also from @uref{http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/, the LPF home page}. |
25474 | 353 |
354 @node Real meaning of copyleft, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, The LPF, General questions | |
355 @section What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft? | |
356 @cindex Copyleft, real meaning of | |
357 @cindex GPL, real meaning of | |
358 @cindex General Public License, real meaning of | |
359 @cindex Discussion of the GPL | |
360 | |
361 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public License (copyleft) will | |
362 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope. | |
363 There has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to | |
364 set any precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to | |
365 the newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, which was created to hold the | |
366 extensive flame wars on the subject. | |
367 | |
368 RMS writes: | |
369 | |
370 @quotation | |
371 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the spirit, | |
372 which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work pertaining | |
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373 to Emacs should also be free software. ``Free'' means that all users |
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374 have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. To make |
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375 sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you |
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376 distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the |
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377 recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed. |
25474 | 378 @end quotation |
379 | |
380 @node Guidelines for newsgroup postings, Newsgroup archives, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions | |
381 @section What are appropriate messages for @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}, @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, @uref{news:comp.emacs}, etc.? | |
382 @cindex Newsgroups, appropriate messages for | |
383 @cindex GNU newsgroups, appropriate messages for | |
384 @cindex Usenet groups, appropriate messages for | |
385 @cindex Mailing lists, appropriate messages for | |
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386 @cindex Posting messages to newsgroups |
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387 |
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388 @cindex GNU mailing lists |
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389 The file @file{etc/MAILINGLISTS} describes the purpose of each GNU |
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390 mailing list. (@xref{Informational files for Emacs}, if you want a copy |
25474 | 391 of the file.) For those lists which are gatewayed with newsgroups, it |
392 lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list address. | |
393 | |
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394 The newsgroup @uref{news:comp.emacs} is for discussion of Emacs programs |
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395 in general. This includes Emacs along with various other |
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396 implementations, such as XEmacs, JOVE, MicroEmacs, Freemacs, MG, |
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397 Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon. |
25474 | 398 |
399 Many people post Emacs questions to @uref{news:comp.emacs} because they | |
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400 don't receive any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups. Arguments have been |
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401 made both for and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to |
25474 | 402 @uref{news:comp.emacs}. You have to decide for yourself. |
403 | |
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404 Messages advocating ``non-free'' software are considered unacceptable on |
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405 any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups except for @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, |
25474 | 406 which was created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject. |
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407 ``Non-free'' software includes any software for which the end user can't |
25474 | 408 freely modify the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to |
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409 remove the @code{gnu.*} groups from the @samp{Newsgroups:} line when |
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410 posting a followup that recommends such software. |
25474 | 411 |
412 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug} is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid | |
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413 posting bug reports to this newsgroup directly (@pxref{Reporting bugs}). |
25474 | 414 |
415 @node Newsgroup archives, Reporting bugs, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, General questions | |
416 @section Where can I get old postings to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and other GNU groups? | |
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417 @cindex Archived postings from @code{gnu.emacs.help} |
25474 | 418 @cindex Usenet archives for GNU groups |
419 @cindex Old Usenet postings for GNU groups | |
420 | |
421 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many | |
422 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The | |
423 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve | |
424 individual postings from, but pretty much everything is there. | |
425 | |
426 The archive is at @uref{ftp://ftp-mailing-list-archives.gnu.org}. | |
427 | |
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428 The archive can be browsed over the web at |
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429 @uref{http://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/, the GNU mail archive}. |
25474 | 430 |
431 Web-based Usenet search services, such as | |
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432 @uref{http://groups.google.com, Google}, also archive the |
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433 @code{gnu.*} groups. |
25474 | 434 |
435 @node Reporting bugs, Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Newsgroup archives, General questions | |
436 @section Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs? | |
437 @cindex Bug reporting | |
438 @cindex Good bug reports | |
439 @cindex How to submit a bug report | |
440 @cindex Reporting bugs | |
441 | |
442 The correct way to report Emacs bugs is by e-mail to | |
443 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. Anything sent here also appears in the | |
444 newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, but please use e-mail instead of | |
445 news to submit the bug report. This ensures a reliable return address | |
446 so you can be contacted for further details. | |
447 | |
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448 Be sure to read the ``Bugs'' section of the Emacs manual before reporting |
25474 | 449 a bug to bug-gnu-emacs! The manual describes in detail how to submit a |
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450 useful bug report. (@xref{On-line manual}, if you don't know how to read the |
25474 | 451 manual.) |
452 | |
453 RMS says: | |
454 | |
455 @quotation | |
456 Sending bug reports to @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} (which has the | |
457 effect of posting on @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}) is undesirable because | |
458 it takes the time of an unnecessarily large group of people, most of | |
459 whom are just users and have no idea how to fix these problem. | |
460 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} reaches a much smaller group of people | |
461 who are more likely to know what to do and have expressed a wish to | |
462 receive more messages about Emacs than the others. | |
463 @end quotation | |
464 | |
465 RMS says it is sometimes fine to post to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}: | |
466 | |
467 @quotation | |
468 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix, | |
469 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on | |
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470 @code{gnu.emacs.help} asking if anyone can help you. |
25474 | 471 @end quotation |
472 | |
473 If you are unsure whether you have found a bug, consider the following | |
474 non-exhaustive list, courtesy of RMS: | |
475 | |
476 @quotation | |
477 If Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors | |
478 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that | |
479 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it | |
480 does, that is a bug. | |
481 @end quotation | |
482 | |
483 @node Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Contacting the FSF, Reporting bugs, General questions | |
484 @section How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list? | |
485 @cindex Unsubscribing from GNU mailing lists | |
486 @cindex Removing yourself from GNU mailing lists | |
487 | |
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488 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named @var{list}, you might be |
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489 able to unsubscribe from it by sending a request to the address |
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490 @email{@var{list}-request@@gnu.org}. However, this will not work if you are |
25474 | 491 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a |
492 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which | |
493 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the @samp{Received} headers | |
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494 on the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the @samp{EXPN} or |
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495 @samp{VRFY} sendmail commands through @samp{telnet @var{site-address} |
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496 smtp}. Ask your postmaster for help, if you cannot figure out these |
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497 details. |
25474 | 498 |
499 @node Contacting the FSF, , Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, General questions | |
500 @section What is the current address of the FSF? | |
501 @cindex Snail mail address of the FSF | |
502 @cindex Postal address of the FSF | |
503 @cindex Contracting the FSF | |
504 @cindex Free Software Foundation, contacting | |
505 | |
506 @table @asis | |
507 | |
508 @item E-mail | |
509 gnu@@gnu.org | |
510 | |
511 @item Telephone | |
512 +1-617-542-5942 | |
513 | |
514 @item Fax | |
515 +1-617-542-2652 | |
516 | |
517 @item World Wide Web | |
518 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/} | |
519 | |
520 @item Postal address | |
521 Free Software Foundation@* | |
64083 | 522 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor@* |
523 Boston, MA 02110-1301@* | |
25474 | 524 USA@* |
525 | |
526 @end table | |
527 | |
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528 @cindex Ordering GNU software |
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529 For details on how to order items directly from the FSF, see the |
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530 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}. |
25474 | 531 |
532 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
533 @node Getting help, Status of Emacs, General questions, Top | |
534 @chapter Getting help | |
535 @cindex Getting help | |
536 | |
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537 This chapter tells you how to get help with Emacs |
25474 | 538 |
539 @menu | |
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540 * Basic editing:: |
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541 * Learning how to do something:: |
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542 * Getting a printed manual:: |
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543 * Emacs Lisp documentation:: |
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544 * Installing Texinfo documentation:: |
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545 * Printing a Texinfo file:: |
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546 * Viewing Info files outside of Emacs:: |
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547 * Informational files for Emacs:: |
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548 * Help installing Emacs:: |
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549 * Obtaining the FAQ:: |
25474 | 550 @end menu |
551 | |
552 @node Basic editing, Learning how to do something, Getting help, Getting help | |
553 @section I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing? | |
554 @cindex Basic editing with Emacs | |
555 @cindex Beginning editing | |
556 @cindex Tutorial, invoking the | |
557 @cindex Self-paced tutorial, invoking the | |
558 @cindex Help system, entering the | |
559 | |
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560 Type @kbd{C-h t} to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing |
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561 @kbd{C-h} enters the help system. Starting with Emacs 22, the tutorial |
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562 is available in many foreign languages such as French, German, Japanese, |
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563 Russian, etc. Use @kbd{M-x help-with-tutorial-spec-language @key{RET}} |
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564 to choose your language and start the tutorial. |
25474 | 565 |
566 Your system administrator may have changed @kbd{C-h} to act like | |
567 @key{DEL} to deal with local keyboards. You can use @kbd{M-x | |
568 help-for-help} instead to invoke help. To discover what key (if any) | |
569 invokes help on your system, type @kbd{M-x where-is @key{RET} | |
570 help-for-help @key{RET}}. This will print a comma-separated list of key | |
571 sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last character in each key | |
572 sequence listed. Each of the resulting key sequences invokes help. | |
573 | |
574 Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value | |
575 should be stored in the variable @code{help-char}. | |
576 | |
577 @node Learning how to do something, Getting a printed manual, Basic editing, Getting help | |
578 @section How do I find out how to do something in Emacs? | |
579 @cindex Help for Emacs | |
580 @cindex Learning to do something in Emacs | |
581 @cindex Reference card for Emacs | |
582 @cindex Overview of help systems | |
583 | |
584 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs. | |
585 | |
586 @itemize @bullet | |
587 | |
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588 @cindex Reading the Emacs manual |
25474 | 589 @item |
590 The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info | |
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591 hypertext reader. Type @kbd{C-h r} to display the manual in Info mode. |
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592 Typing @key{h} immediately after entering Info will provide a short |
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593 tutorial on how to use it. |
25474 | 594 |
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595 @cindex Lookup a subject in a manual |
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596 @cindex Index search in a manual |
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597 @item |
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598 To quickly locate the section of the manual which discusses a certain |
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599 issue, or describes a command or a variable, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs |
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600 @key{RET} i @var{topic} @key{RET}}, where @var{topic} is the name of the |
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601 topic, the command, or the variable which you are looking for. If this |
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602 does not land you on the right place in the manual, press @kbd{,} |
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603 (comma) repeatedly until you find what you need. (The @kbd{i} and |
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604 @kbd{,} keys invoke the index-searching functions, which look for the |
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605 @var{topic} you type in all the indices of the Emacs manual.) |
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606 |
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607 @cindex Apropos |
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608 @item |
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609 You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word |
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610 (actually which match a regular expression) using @kbd{C-h a} (@kbd{M-x |
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611 command-apropos}). |
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612 |
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613 @cindex Command description in the manual |
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614 @item |
54478 | 615 The command @kbd{C-h F} (@code{Info-goto-emacs-command-node}) prompts |
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616 for the name of a command, and then attempts to find the section in the |
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617 Emacs manual where that command is described. |
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618 |
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619 @cindex Finding commands and variables |
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620 @item |
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621 You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a |
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622 certain word using @kbd{M-x apropos}. |
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623 |
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624 @item |
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625 You can list all of the functions and variables whose documentation |
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626 matches a regular expression or a string, using @kbd{M-x |
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627 apropos-documentation}. |
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628 |
25474 | 629 @item |
630 You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. @xref{Getting a | |
631 printed manual}. | |
632 | |
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633 @cindex Reference cards, in other languages |
25474 | 634 @item |
635 You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to | |
636 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5), | |
637 or you can print your own from the @file{etc/refcard.tex} or | |
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638 @file{etc/refcard.ps} files in the Emacs distribution. Beginning with |
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639 version 21.1, the Emacs distribution comes with translations of the |
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640 reference card into several languages; look for files named |
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641 @file{etc/@var{lang}-refcard.*}, where @var{lang} is a two-letter code |
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642 of the language. For example, the German version of the reference card |
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643 is in the files @file{etc/de-refcard.tex} and @file{etc/de-refcard.ps}. |
25474 | 644 |
645 @item | |
646 There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and | |
647 information. To get a list of these commands, type @samp{?} after | |
648 @kbd{C-h}. | |
649 | |
650 @end itemize | |
651 | |
652 @node Getting a printed manual, Emacs Lisp documentation, Learning how to do something, Getting help | |
653 @section How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual? | |
654 @cindex Printed Emacs manual, obtaining | |
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655 @cindex Manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of |
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656 @cindex Emacs manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of |
25474 | 657 |
658 You can order a printed copy of the Emacs manual from the FSF. For | |
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659 details see the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}. |
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660 |
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661 @c The number 620 below is version-dependent! |
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662 The full Texinfo source for the manual also comes in the @file{man} |
25474 | 663 directory of the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to |
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664 print out this 620-page manual yourself (@pxref{Printing a Texinfo |
25474 | 665 file}). |
666 | |
667 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have @TeX{}, | |
668 you can get a PostScript version from | |
669 | |
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670 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.ps.gz} |
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671 |
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672 @cindex HTML version of Emacs manual, obtaining |
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673 An HTML version of the manual is at |
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674 |
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675 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.html} |
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676 |
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677 @xref{Learning how to do something}, for how to view the manual on-line. |
25474 | 678 |
679 @node Emacs Lisp documentation, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting a printed manual, Getting help | |
680 @section Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp? | |
681 @cindex Documentation on Emacs Lisp | |
682 @cindex Function documentation | |
683 @cindex Variable documentation | |
684 @cindex Emacs Lisp Reference Manual | |
685 @cindex Reference manual for Emacs Lisp | |
686 | |
687 Within Emacs, you can type @kbd{C-h f} to get the documentation for a | |
688 function, @kbd{C-h v} for a variable. | |
689 | |
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690 For more information, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available |
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691 on-line, in Info format. @xref{Top, Emacs Lisp,, elisp, The |
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692 Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. |
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693 |
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694 You can also order a hardcopy of the manual, details on ordering it from |
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695 FSF are on the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}. |
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|
696 |
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|
697 An HTML version of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available at |
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|
698 |
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Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
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changeset
|
699 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/elisp-manual/elisp.html} |
25474 | 700 |
701 @node Installing Texinfo documentation, Printing a Texinfo file, Emacs Lisp documentation, Getting help | |
702 @section How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation? | |
703 @cindex Texinfo documentation, installing | |
704 @cindex Installing Texinfo documentation | |
705 @cindex New Texinfo files, installing | |
706 @cindex Documentation, installing new Texinfo files | |
34741
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|
707 @cindex Info files, how to install |
25474 | 708 |
709 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this | |
710 using the stand-alone @file{makeinfo} program, available as part of the latest | |
711 Texinfo package at | |
712 | |
67483
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Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
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|
713 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-4.8.tar.gz} |
34741
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|
714 |
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|
715 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU |
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|
716 distributions}). |
25474 | 717 |
718 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which | |
34741
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|
719 comes with the Texinfo package. This manual also comes installed in |
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|
720 Info format, so you can read it on-line; type @kbd{C-h i m texinfo |
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|
721 @key{RET}}. |
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|
722 |
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|
723 Alternatively, you could use the Emacs command @kbd{M-x |
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|
724 texinfo-format-buffer}, after visiting the Texinfo source file of the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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|
725 manual you want to convert. |
25474 | 726 |
727 Neither @code{texinfo-format-buffer} nor @file{makeinfo} installs the | |
34741
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|
728 resulting Info files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files, |
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|
729 perform these steps: |
25474 | 730 |
731 @enumerate | |
34741
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|
732 @item |
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|
733 Move the files to the @file{info} directory in the installed Emacs |
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Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
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|
734 distribution. @xref{File-name conventions}, if you don't know where that |
34741
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|
735 is. |
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|
736 |
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|
737 @item |
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|
738 Run the @code{install-info} command, which is part of the Texinfo |
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parents:
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|
739 distribution, to update the main Info directory menu, like this: |
13240ff7920b
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|
740 |
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|
741 @example |
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|
742 install-info --info-dir=@var{dir-path} @var{dir-path}/@var{file} |
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|
743 @end example |
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|
744 |
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|
745 @noindent |
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|
746 where @var{dir-path} is the full path to the directory where you copied |
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|
747 the produced Info file(s), and @var{file} is the name of the Info file |
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|
748 you produced and want to install. |
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|
749 |
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|
750 If you don't have the @code{install-info} command installed, you can |
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|
751 edit the file @file{info/dir} in the installed Emacs distribution, and |
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|
752 add a line for the top level node in the Info package that you are |
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|
753 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is: |
25474 | 754 |
755 @example | |
756 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic. | |
757 @end example | |
758 | |
49429
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Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
759 @end enumerate |
25474 | 760 |
761 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary | |
762 privileges, you have several options: | |
763 | |
764 @itemize @bullet | |
765 @item | |
766 Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. You | |
767 can feed a file name to the @code{Info-goto-node} command (invoked by | |
768 pressing @key{g} in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in | |
34741
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|
769 parentheses. This goes to the node named ``Top'' in that file. For |
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770 example, to view a Info file named @file{@var{info-file}} in your home |
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|
771 directory, you can type this: |
25474 | 772 |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
773 @example |
d4b1acaf82b0
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|
774 @kbd{C-h i g (~/@var{info-file}) @key{RET}} |
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|
775 @end example |
25474 | 776 |
777 @item | |
34741
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778 You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where that |
25474 | 779 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable |
780 @code{Info-default-directory-list}. For example, to use a private Info | |
34741
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|
781 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named @file{Info}, |
25474 | 782 you could put this in your @file{.emacs} file: |
783 | |
784 @lisp | |
785 (setq Info-default-directory-list | |
786 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list)) | |
787 @end lisp | |
788 | |
789 You will need a top-level Info file named @file{dir} in this directory | |
34741
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|
790 which has everything the system @file{dir} file has in it, except it should |
25474 | 791 list only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need |
792 it if all files in this directory were referenced by other @file{dir} | |
793 files. The node lists from all @file{dir} files in | |
794 @code{Info-default-directory-list} are merged by the Info system. | |
795 | |
796 @end itemize | |
797 | |
798 @node Printing a Texinfo file, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting help | |
799 @section How do I print a Texinfo file? | |
800 @cindex Printing a Texinfo file | |
801 @cindex Texinfo file, printing | |
34741
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|
802 @cindex Printing documentation |
25474 | 803 |
804 You can't get nicely printed output from Info files; you must still have | |
805 the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print. | |
806 | |
807 Assuming you have @TeX{} installed on your system, follow these steps: | |
808 | |
809 @enumerate | |
810 | |
34741
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|
811 @item |
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|
812 Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this: |
25474 | 813 |
814 @example | |
815 \input texinfo | |
816 @end example | |
817 | |
34741
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|
818 You may need to change @samp{texinfo} to the full pathname of the |
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|
819 @file{texinfo.tex} file, which comes with Emacs as |
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|
820 @file{man/texinfo.tex} (or copy or link it into the current directory). |
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|
821 |
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|
822 @item |
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|
823 Type @kbd{texi2dvi @var{texinfo-source}}, where @var{texinfo-source} is |
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|
824 the name of the Texinfo source file for which you want to produce a |
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|
825 printed copy. |
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|
826 |
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changeset
|
827 The @samp{texi2dvi} script is part of the GNU Texinfo distribution |
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|
828 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}). |
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|
829 |
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|
830 @item |
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|
831 Print the DVI file @file{@var{texinfo-source}.dvi} in the normal way for |
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|
832 printing DVI files at your site. For example, if you have a PostScript |
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|
833 printer, run the @code{dvips} program to print the DVI file on that |
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|
834 printer. |
25474 | 835 |
836 @end enumerate | |
837 | |
838 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
839 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}). |
25474 | 840 |
841 @node Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Informational files for Emacs, Printing a Texinfo file, Getting help | |
842 @section Can I view Info files without using Emacs? | |
843 @cindex Viewing Info files | |
844 @cindex Info file viewers | |
845 @cindex Alternative Info file viewers | |
846 | |
847 Yes. Here are some alternative programs: | |
848 | |
849 @itemize @bullet | |
850 | |
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|
851 @item |
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852 @code{info}, a stand-alone version of the Info program, comes as part of |
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|
853 the Texinfo package. @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}, for |
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|
854 details. |
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|
855 |
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|
856 @item |
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|
857 Xinfo, a stand-alone version of the Info program that runs under X |
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|
858 Window system. You can get it at |
25474 | 859 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/xinfo/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz} and all |
34741
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|
860 mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a |
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|
861 list of mirrors). |
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|
862 |
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|
863 @item |
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|
864 Tkinfo, an Info viewer that runs under X Window system and uses Tcl/Tk. |
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|
865 You can get Tkinfo at |
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|
866 @uref{http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/tkinfo/}. |
25474 | 867 |
868 @end itemize | |
869 | |
870 @node Informational files for Emacs, Help installing Emacs, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Getting help | |
871 @section What informational files are available for Emacs? | |
872 @cindex Informational files included with Emacs | |
873 @cindex Files included with Emacs | |
874 @cindex @file{COPYING}, description of file | |
875 @cindex @file{DISTRIB}, description of file | |
876 @cindex @file{FTP}, description of file | |
877 @cindex @file{GNU}, description of file | |
878 @cindex @file{INTERVIEW}, description of file | |
879 @cindex @file{LPF}, description of file | |
880 @cindex @file{MACHINES}, description of file | |
881 @cindex @file{MAILINGLISTS}, description of file | |
882 @cindex @file{NEWS}, description of file | |
883 @cindex @file{SERVICE}, description of file | |
884 @cindex @file{SUN-SUPPORT}, description of file | |
885 | |
886 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of | |
887 informational files about Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU project | |
888 are available for you to read. | |
889 | |
890 The following files are available in the @file{etc} directory of the | |
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|
891 Emacs distribution (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're not sure |
34741
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|
892 where that is). |
25474 | 893 |
894 @table @file | |
895 | |
896 @item COPYING | |
67483
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Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
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|
897 GNU General Public License |
25474 | 898 |
899 @item DISTRIB | |
56817
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changeset
|
900 Emacs Availability Information, including the popular Free Software |
99e9271dee93
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|
901 Foundation Order Form |
25474 | 902 |
903 @item FTP | |
904 How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP | |
905 | |
906 @item GNU | |
907 The GNU Manifesto | |
908 | |
909 @item INTERVIEW | |
910 Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain UNIX-compatible software | |
911 system with BYTE editors | |
912 | |
913 @item LPF | |
914 Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom | |
915 | |
916 @item MACHINES | |
917 Status of Emacs on Various Machines and Systems | |
918 | |
919 @item MAILINGLISTS | |
920 GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists | |
921 | |
922 @item NEWS | |
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923 Emacs news, a history of recent user-visible changes |
25474 | 924 |
925 @item SERVICE | |
926 GNU Service Directory | |
927 | |
928 @item SUN-SUPPORT | |
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929 including ``Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs'' |
25474 | 930 |
931 @end table | |
932 | |
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|
933 More GNU information, including back issues of the @cite{GNU's |
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|
934 Bulletin}, are at |
25474 | 935 |
936 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html} and | |
937 | |
938 @uref{http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html} | |
939 | |
940 @node Help installing Emacs, Obtaining the FAQ, Informational files for Emacs, Getting help | |
941 @section Where can I get help in installing Emacs? | |
942 @cindex Installation help | |
943 @cindex Help installing Emacs | |
944 | |
34741
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|
945 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for some basic installation hints, and see |
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|
946 @ref{Problems building Emacs}, or @ref{Linking with -lX11 fails}, if you |
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|
947 have problems with the installation. |
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|
948 |
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|
949 The file @file{etc/SERVICE} (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're |
34741
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|
950 not sure where that is) lists companies and individuals willing to sell |
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|
951 you help in installing or using Emacs. An up-to-date version this file |
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|
952 is available on @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@pxref{Informational files for |
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|
953 Emacs}). |
25474 | 954 |
955 @node Obtaining the FAQ, , Help installing Emacs, Getting help | |
956 @section Where can I get the latest version of this FAQ? | |
957 @cindex FAQ, obtaining the | |
958 @cindex Latest FAQ version, obtaining the | |
959 @cindex Retrieving the latest FAQ version | |
960 @cindex E-mail, retrieving the FAQ via | |
961 @cindex Web, reading the FAQ on the | |
962 | |
963 The Emacs FAQ is available in several ways: | |
964 | |
965 @itemize @bullet | |
966 | |
967 @item | |
34741
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|
968 Inside of Emacs itself. You can get it from selecting the @samp{Emacs |
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969 FAQ} option from the @samp{Help} menu of the Emacs menu bar at the top |
54478 | 970 of any Emacs frame, or by typing @kbd{C-h C-f} (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-FAQ}). |
25474 | 971 |
972 @item | |
973 Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your | |
974 news spool, in both the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and | |
975 @uref{news:comp.emacs} newsgroups. Every news reader should allow you | |
976 to read any news article that is still in the news spool, even if you | |
977 have read the article before. You may need to read the instructions for | |
978 your news reader to discover how to do this. In @file{rn}, this command | |
979 will do this for you at the article selection level: | |
980 | |
981 @example | |
982 ?GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions?rc:m | |
983 @end example | |
984 | |
985 In Gnus, you should type @kbd{C-u C-x C-s} from the @file{*Summary*} | |
986 buffer or @kbd{C-u @key{SPC}} from the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer to view | |
987 all articles in a newsgroup. | |
988 | |
34741
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|
989 If the FAQ articles have expired and have been deleted from your news |
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990 spool, it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news |
25474 | 991 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a |
992 while. | |
993 | |
34741
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|
994 @item |
25474 | 995 In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time |
37530
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
996 of release has been part of the Emacs distribution as either |
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Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
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|
997 @file{etc/FAQ} or @file{man/faq.texi} (@pxref{File-name conventions}). |
25474 | 998 |
999 @item | |
1000 Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from @file{rtfm.mit.edu} (and its mirror in | |
1001 Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to | |
1002 news.answers. The Emacs FAQs are available at | |
1003 | |
1004 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} and | |
1005 | |
1006 @uref{ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/doc/FAQ/comp/emacs/} | |
1007 | |
1008 If you do not have access to anonymous FTP, you can access the archives | |
1009 using the @file{rtfm.mit.edu} mail server. The Emacs FAQ can be | |
1010 retrieved by sending mail to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} with a | |
1011 blank subject and containing | |
1012 | |
1013 @example | |
1014 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs | |
1015 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1 | |
1016 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2 | |
1017 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3 | |
1018 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4 | |
1019 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5 | |
1020 @end example | |
1021 | |
1022 For more information, send email to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} | |
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|
1023 with @samp{help} and @samp{index} in the body on separate lines. |
25474 | 1024 @end itemize |
1025 | |
1026 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
1027 @node Status of Emacs, Common requests, Getting help, Top | |
1028 @chapter Status of Emacs | |
1029 @cindex Status of Emacs | |
1030 | |
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1031 This chapter gives you basic information about Emacs, including its |
25474 | 1032 latest version status. |
1033 | |
1034 @menu | |
49429
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|
1035 * Origin of the term Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
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|
1036 * Latest version of Emacs:: |
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|
1037 * New in Emacs 20:: |
bb4e71346ae7
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|
1038 * New in Emacs 21:: |
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1039 * New in Emacs 22:: |
25474 | 1040 @end menu |
1041 | |
1042 @node Origin of the term Emacs, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs, Status of Emacs | |
34741
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1043 @section Where does the name ``Emacs'' come from? |
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1044 @cindex Origin of the term ``Emacs'' |
25474 | 1045 @cindex Emacs name origin |
1046 @cindex TECO | |
1047 @cindex Original version of Emacs | |
1048 | |
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1049 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he ``picked |
25474 | 1050 the name Emacs because @key{E} was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at |
34741
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|
1051 the time.'' The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT |
25474 | 1052 by RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector, originally Tape |
1053 Editor and COrrector) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended | |
34741
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1054 TECO with a ``real-time'' full-screen mode with reprogrammable keys. |
25474 | 1055 Emacs was started by @email{gls@@east.sun.com, Guy Steele} as a project |
1056 to unify the many divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT, | |
1057 and completed by RMS. | |
1058 | |
1059 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise; you | |
1060 can read more at @uref{news:alt.lang.teco}. Someone has written a TECO | |
34741
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1061 implementation in Emacs Lisp (to find it, see @ref{Packages that do not |
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|
1062 come with Emacs}); it would be an interesting project to run the |
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1063 original TECO Emacs inside of Emacs. |
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|
1064 |
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|
1065 @cindex Why Emacs? |
25474 | 1066 For some not-so-serious alternative reasons for Emacs to have that |
36383
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Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
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|
1067 name, check out the file @file{etc/JOKES} (@pxref{File-name |
34741
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|
1068 conventions}). |
25474 | 1069 |
1070 @node Latest version of Emacs, New in Emacs 20, Origin of the term Emacs, Status of Emacs | |
1071 @section What is the latest version of Emacs? | |
1072 @cindex Version, latest | |
34741
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1073 @cindex Latest version of Emacs |
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|
1074 |
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|
1075 Emacs @value{VER} is the current version as of this writing. |
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|
1076 |
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|
1077 @node New in Emacs 20, New in Emacs 21, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs |
25474 | 1078 @section What is different about Emacs 20? |
1079 @cindex Differences between Emacs 19 and Emacs 20 | |
1080 @cindex Emacs 20, new features in | |
1081 | |
54478 | 1082 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type @kbd{C-h C-n} |
25474 | 1083 (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-news}). The oldest changes are at the bottom of |
1084 the file, so you might want to read it starting there, rather than at | |
1085 the top. | |
1086 | |
1087 The differences between Emacs versions 18 and 19 was rather dramatic; | |
1088 the introduction of frames, faces, and colors on windowing systems was | |
1089 obvious to even the most casual user. | |
1090 | |
1091 There are differences between Emacs versions 19 and 20 as well, but many | |
1092 are more subtle or harder to find. Among the changes are the inclusion | |
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1093 of MULE code for languages that use non-Latin characters and for mixing |
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1094 several languages in the same document; the ``Customize'' facility for |
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1095 modifying variables without having to use Lisp; and automatic conversion |
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1096 of files from Macintosh, Microsoft, and Unix platforms. |
25474 | 1097 |
1098 A number of older Lisp packages, such as Gnus, Supercite and the | |
1099 calendar/diary, have been updated and enhanced to work with Emacs 20, | |
1100 and are now included with the standard distribution. | |
1101 | |
1102 | |
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1103 @node New in Emacs 21, New in Emacs 22, New in Emacs 20, Status of Emacs |
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1104 @section What is different about Emacs 21? |
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1105 @cindex Differences between Emacs 20 and Emacs 21 |
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1106 @cindex Emacs 21, new features in |
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1107 @cindex Recently introduced features |
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|
1108 |
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1109 @cindex Variable-size fonts |
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1110 @cindex Toolbar support |
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1111 Emacs 21 features a thorough rewrite of the display engine. The new |
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1112 display engine supports variable-size fonts, images, and can play sounds |
46918
82d113655734
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1113 on platforms which support that. As a result, the visual appearance of |
34741
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1114 Emacs, when it runs on a windowed display, is much more reminiscent of |
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1115 modern GUI programs, and includes 3D widgets (used for the mode line and |
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1116 the scroll bars), a configurable and extensible toolbar, tooltips |
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1117 (a.k.a.@: balloon help), and other niceties. |
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1118 |
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|
1119 @cindex Colors on text-only terminals |
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1120 @cindex TTY colors |
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1121 In addition, Emacs 21 supports faces on text-only terminals. This means |
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1122 that you can now have colors when you run Emacs on a GNU/Linux console |
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1123 and on @code{xterm} with @kbd{emacs -nw}. |
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1124 |
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1125 @node New in Emacs 22, , New in Emacs 21, Status of Emacs |
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1126 @section What is different about Emacs 22? |
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1127 @cindex Differences between Emacs 21 and Emacs 22 |
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1128 @cindex Emacs 22, new features in |
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|
1129 @cindex Recently introduced features |
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|
1130 |
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1131 @c FIXME: Improve this node before the 22.1 release. |
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|
1132 @cindex Default features |
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|
1133 Font-lock mode, auto-compression mode, and file name shadow mode are now |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1134 enabled by default. It is now possible to follow links with |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1135 @kbd{mouse-1}. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1136 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1137 @cindex Supported systems |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1138 Emacs 22 features support for GNU/Linux systems on S390 and X86-64 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1139 machines, as well as support for the Mac OS X and Cygwin operating |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1140 systems. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1141 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1142 @cindex GTK+ Toolkit |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1143 @cindex Drag-and-drop |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1144 @cindex Mouse wheel |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1145 Emacs can now be built with GTK+ widgets, and supports drag-and-drop |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1146 operation on X. Mouse wheel support is now enabled by default. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1147 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1148 @cindex New modes |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1149 Many new modes and packages have been included in Emacs, such as Leim, |
68451
fc745b05e928
Revision: emacs@sv.gnu.org/emacs--devo--0--patch-22
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
67892
diff
changeset
|
1150 Calc, Tramp and URL, as well as IDO, CUA, rcirc, ERC, conf-mode, |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1151 python-mode, table, tumme, SES, ruler, Flymake, Org, etc. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1152 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1153 @cindex Documentation |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1154 @cindex Emacs Lisp Manual |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1155 In addition, Emacs 22 now includes the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1156 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) and the Emacs Lisp Intro. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1157 |
25474 | 1158 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ |
1159 @node Common requests, Bugs and problems, Status of Emacs, Top | |
1160 @chapter Common requests | |
1161 @cindex Common requests | |
1162 | |
1163 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1164 * Setting up a customization file:: |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1165 * Using Customize:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1166 * Debugging a customization file:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1167 * Colors on a TTY:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1168 * Displaying the current line or column:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1169 * Displaying the current file name in the titlebar:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1170 * Turning on abbrevs by default:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1171 * Turning on auto-fill by default:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1172 * Associating modes with files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1173 * Working with unprintable characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1174 * Highlighting a region:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1175 * Controlling case sensitivity:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1176 * Wrapping words automatically:: |
68735
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1177 * Searching for/replacing newlines:: |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1178 * Yanking text in isearch:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1179 * Spell-checkers:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1180 * Checking TeX and *roff documents:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1181 * Changing load-path:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1182 * Using an already running Emacs process:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1183 * Compiler error messages:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1184 * Indenting switch statements:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1185 * Customizing C and C++ indentation:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1186 * Horizontal scrolling:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1187 * Overwrite mode:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1188 * Turning off beeping:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1189 * Turning the volume down:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1190 * Automatic indentation:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1191 * Matching parentheses:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1192 * Hiding #ifdef lines:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1193 * Repeating commands:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1194 * Valid X resources:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1195 * Evaluating Emacs Lisp code:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1196 * Changing the length of a Tab:: |
68735
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1197 * Inserting text at the beginning of each line:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1198 * Underlining paragraphs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1199 * Repeating a command as many times as possible:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1200 * Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1201 * Forcing Emacs to iconify itself:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1202 * Using regular expressions:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1203 * Replacing text across multiple files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1204 * Documentation for etags:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1205 * Disabling backups:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1206 * Disabling auto-save-mode:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1207 * Going to a line by number:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1208 * Modifying pull-down menus:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1209 * Deleting menus and menu options:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1210 * Turning on syntax highlighting:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1211 * Scrolling only one line:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1212 * Replacing highlighted text:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1213 * Editing MS-DOS files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1214 * Filling paragraphs with a single space:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1215 * Escape sequences in shell output:: |
25474 | 1216 @end menu |
1217 | |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1218 @node Setting up a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests, Common requests |
25474 | 1219 @section How do I set up a @file{.emacs} file properly? |
1220 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, setting up | |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
1221 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, locating |
25474 | 1222 @cindex Init file, setting up |
1223 @cindex Customization file, setting up | |
1224 | |
50475
b65aa1d740eb
Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49429
diff
changeset
|
1225 @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}. |
25474 | 1226 |
1227 In general, new Emacs users should not have @file{.emacs} files, because | |
1228 it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send questions to | |
1229 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} asking why Emacs isn't behaving as | |
1230 documented. | |
1231 | |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1232 Beginning with version 20.1, Emacs includes the new Customize facility |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1233 (@pxref{Using Customize}). This allows users who are unfamiliar with |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1234 Emacs Lisp to modify their @file{.emacs} files in a relatively |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1235 straightforward way, using menus rather than Lisp code. Most packages |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1236 support Customize as of this writing. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1237 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1238 While Customize might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs, |
25474 | 1239 consider taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1240 @file{.emacs} directly. Simple configuration options are described |
25474 | 1241 rather completely in @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}, for users |
1242 interested in performing frequently requested, basic tasks. | |
1243 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1244 Sometimes users are unsure as to where their @file{.emacs} file should |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1245 be found. Visiting the file as @file{~/.emacs} from Emacs will find |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1246 the correct file. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1247 |
67892
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1248 @node Using Customize, Colors on a TTY, Setting up a customization file, Common requests |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1249 @section How do I start using Customize? |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1250 @cindex Customize groups |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1251 @cindex Customizing variables |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1252 @cindex Customizing faces |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1253 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1254 The main Customize entry point is @kbd{M-x customize @key{RET}}. This |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1255 command takes you to a buffer listing all the available Customize |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1256 groups. From there, you can access all customizable options and faces, |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1257 change their values, and save your changes to your init file. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1258 @inforef{Easy Customization, Easy Customization, emacs}. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1259 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1260 If you know the name of the group in advance (e.g. ``shell''), use |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1261 @kbd{M-x customize-group @key{RET}}. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1262 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1263 If you wish to customize a single option, use @kbd{M-x customize-option |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1264 @key{RET}}. This command prompts you for the name of the option to |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1265 customize, with completion. |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1266 |
e188efbb47ee
(Using Customize): New node.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67691
diff
changeset
|
1267 @node Colors on a TTY, Debugging a customization file, Using Customize, Common requests |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1268 @section How do I get colors and syntax highlighting on a TTY? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1269 @cindex Colors on a TTY |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1270 @cindex Syntax highlighting on a TTY |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1271 @cindex Console, colors |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1272 |
43960
397a4490dc38
Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
42674
diff
changeset
|
1273 In Emacs 21.1 and later, colors and faces are supported in non-windowed mode, |
36842
654b53bab583
Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36515
diff
changeset
|
1274 i.e.@: on Unix and GNU/Linux text-only terminals and consoles, and when |
68842
7b3e08c6ecc2
(Colors on a TTY): Mention Mac OS port.
YAMAMOTO Mitsuharu <mituharu@math.s.chiba-u.ac.jp>
parents:
68836
diff
changeset
|
1275 invoked as @samp{emacs -nw} on X, MS-Windows, and Mac. (Colors and faces were |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1276 supported in the MS-DOS port since Emacs 19.29.) Emacs automatically |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1277 detects color support at startup and uses it if available. If you think |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1278 that your terminal supports colors, but Emacs won't use them, check the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1279 @code{termcap} entry for your display type for color-related |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1280 capabilities. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1281 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1282 The command @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} pops up a window which |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1283 exhibits all the colors Emacs knows about on the current display. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1284 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1285 Syntax highlighting is on by default since version 22.1. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1286 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1287 @node Debugging a customization file, Displaying the current line or column, Colors on a TTY, Common requests |
25474 | 1288 @section How do I debug a @file{.emacs} file? |
1289 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file | |
1290 @cindex @file{.emacs} debugging | |
1291 @cindex Init file debugging | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1292 @cindex @samp{-debug-init} option |
25474 | 1293 |
1294 Start Emacs with the @samp{-debug-init} command-line option. This | |
1295 enables the Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your @file{.emacs} | |
1296 file, and places you in the debugger if something goes wrong. The top | |
1297 line in the @file{trace-back} buffer will be the error message, and the | |
1298 second or third line of that buffer will display the Lisp code from your | |
1299 @file{.emacs} file that caused the problem. | |
1300 | |
1301 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function | |
1302 in your @file{.emacs} file by moving the cursor to the end of the | |
1303 function or argument and typing @kbd{C-x C-e} (@kbd{M-x | |
1304 eval-last-sexp}). | |
1305 | |
1306 Use @kbd{C-h v} (@kbd{M-x describe-variable}) to check the value of | |
1307 variables which you are trying to set or use. | |
1308 | |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1309 @node Displaying the current line or column, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Debugging a customization file, Common requests |
25474 | 1310 @section How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number? |
1311 @cindex @code{line-number-mode} | |
1312 @cindex Displaying the current line or column | |
1313 @cindex Line number, displaying the current | |
1314 @cindex Column, displaying the current | |
1315 @cindex @code{mode-line-format} | |
1316 | |
1317 To have Emacs automatically display the current line number of the point | |
1318 in the mode line, do @kbd{M-x line-number-mode}. You can also put the | |
1319 form | |
1320 | |
1321 @lisp | |
1322 (setq line-number-mode t) | |
1323 @end lisp | |
1324 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1325 @noindent |
25474 | 1326 in your @file{.emacs} file to achieve this whenever you start Emacs. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1327 (Line number display is on by default, unless your site-specific |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1328 initialization disables it.) Note that Emacs will not display the line |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1329 number if the buffer's size in bytes is larger than the value of the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1330 variable @code{line-number-display-limit}. |
25474 | 1331 |
1332 As of Emacs 20, you can similarly display the current column with | |
1333 @kbd{M-x column-number-mode}, or by putting the form | |
1334 | |
1335 @lisp | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1336 (setq column-number-mode t) |
25474 | 1337 @end lisp |
1338 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1339 @noindent |
25474 | 1340 in your @file{.emacs} file. |
1341 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1342 The @code{"%c"} format specifier in the variable @code{mode-line-format} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1343 will insert the current column's value into the mode line. See the |
25474 | 1344 documentation for @code{mode-line-format} (using @kbd{C-h v |
1345 mode-line-format @key{RET}}) for more information on how to set and use | |
1346 this variable. | |
1347 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1348 Users of all Emacs versions can display the current column using the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1349 @samp{column} package written by @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1350 Abrahamsen}. @xref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}, for |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1351 instructions on how to get it. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1352 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1353 @cindex Set number capability in @code{vi} emulators |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1354 None of the @code{vi} emulation modes provide the ``set number'' |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1355 capability of @code{vi} (as far as we know). The @samp{setnu} package |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1356 written by @email{kyle@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones} provides this |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1357 feature. So too does @samp{wb-line-number}, written by |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1358 @email{naoki.y.nakamura@@nifty.com, Naoki Nakamura}. |
25474 | 1359 |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1360 @node Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Turning on abbrevs by default, Displaying the current line or column, Common requests |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1361 @section How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current file name? |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1362 @cindex Titlebar, displaying the current file name in |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1363 @cindex File name, displaying in the titlebar |
25474 | 1364 @cindex @code{frame-title-format} |
1365 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1366 The contents of an Emacs frame's titlebar is controlled by the variable |
25474 | 1367 @code{frame-title-format}, which has the same structure as the variable |
1368 @code{mode-line-format}. (Use @kbd{C-h v} or @kbd{M-x | |
1369 describe-variable} to get information about one or both of these | |
1370 variables.) | |
1371 | |
1372 By default, the titlebar for a frame does contain the name of the buffer | |
1373 currently being visited, except if there is a single frame. In such a | |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1374 case, the titlebar contains Emacs invocation name and the name of the |
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1375 machine at which Emacs was invoked. This is done by setting |
25474 | 1376 @code{frame-title-format} to the default value of |
1377 | |
1378 @lisp | |
1379 (multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@@" system-name)) | |
1380 @end lisp | |
1381 | |
1382 To modify the behavior such that frame titlebars contain the buffer's | |
1383 name regardless of the number of existing frames, include the following | |
1384 in your @file{.emacs}: | |
1385 | |
1386 @lisp | |
1387 (setq frame-title-format "%b") | |
1388 @end lisp | |
1389 | |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
1390 @node Turning on abbrevs by default, Turning on auto-fill by default, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Common requests |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1391 @section How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode @var{mymode}? |
25474 | 1392 @cindex Abbrevs, turning on by default |
1393 | |
1394 Put this in your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1395 | |
1396 @lisp | |
1397 (condition-case () | |
1398 (quietly-read-abbrev-file) | |
1399 (file-error nil)) | |
1400 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1401 (add-hook '@var{mymode}-mode-hook |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
1402 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
1403 (setq abbrev-mode t))) |
25474 | 1404 @end lisp |
1405 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1406 Starting with Emacs 22, the standard abbrevs file is read automatically |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1407 at startup, so the first of these two forms becomes unnecessary. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1408 |
25474 | 1409 @node Turning on auto-fill by default, Associating modes with files, Turning on abbrevs by default, Common requests |
1410 @section How do I turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} by default? | |
1411 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, activating automatically | |
1412 @cindex Filling automatically | |
1413 @cindex Automatic entry to @code{auto-fill-mode} | |
1414 | |
1415 To turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} just once for one buffer, use @kbd{M-x | |
1416 auto-fill-mode}. | |
1417 | |
1418 To turn it on for every buffer in a certain mode, you must use the hook | |
1419 for that mode. For example, to turn on @code{auto-fill} mode for all | |
1420 text buffers, including the following in your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1421 | |
1422 @lisp | |
1423 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill) | |
1424 @end lisp | |
1425 | |
1426 If you want @code{auto-fill} mode on in all major modes, do this: | |
1427 | |
1428 @lisp | |
1429 (setq-default auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill) | |
1430 @end lisp | |
1431 | |
1432 @node Associating modes with files, Working with unprintable characters, Turning on auto-fill by default, Common requests | |
1433 @section How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files? | |
1434 @cindex Associating modes with files | |
1435 @cindex File extensions and modes | |
1436 @cindex @code{auto-mode-alist}, modifying | |
1437 @cindex Modes, associating with file extensions | |
1438 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1439 If you want to use a certain mode @var{foo} for all files whose names end |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1440 with the extension @file{.@var{bar}}, this will do it for you: |
25474 | 1441 |
1442 @lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1443 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.@var{bar}\\'" . @var{foo}-mode) auto-mode-alist)) |
25474 | 1444 @end lisp |
1445 | |
1446 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1447 edit in the mode @var{foo} (in the second line, if the first line begins |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1448 with @samp{#!}): |
25474 | 1449 |
1450 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1451 -*- @var{foo} -*- |
25474 | 1452 @end example |
1453 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1454 @cindex Major mode for shell scripts |
25474 | 1455 Beginning with Emacs 19, the variable @code{interpreter-mode-alist} |
1456 specifies which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs | |
1457 determines which interpreter you're using by examining the first line of | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1458 the script.) This feature only applies when the file name doesn't |
25474 | 1459 indicate which mode to use. Use @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x |
1460 describe-variable}) on @code{interpreter-mode-alist} to learn more. | |
1461 | |
1462 @node Working with unprintable characters, Highlighting a region, Associating modes with files, Common requests | |
1463 @section How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (eight-bit or control) characters? | |
1464 @cindex Unprintable characters, working with | |
1465 @cindex Working with unprintable characters | |
1466 @cindex Control characters, working with | |
1467 @cindex Eight-bit characters, working with | |
1468 @cindex Searching for unprintable characters | |
1469 @cindex Regexps and unprintable characters | |
1470 | |
1471 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for | |
1472 example, @samp{\237}, you can type @kbd{C-s C-q 2 3 7}. (This assumes | |
1473 the value of @code{search-quote-char} is 17 (i.e., @kbd{C-q}).) | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1474 Searching for @strong{all} unprintable characters is best done with a |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1475 regular expression (@dfn{regexp}) search. The easiest regexp to use for |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1476 the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the printable |
25474 | 1477 chars. |
1478 | |
1479 @itemize @bullet | |
1480 | |
1481 @item | |
1482 Regexp for the printable chars: @samp{[\t\n\r\f -~]} | |
1483 | |
1484 @item | |
1485 Regexp for the unprintable chars: @samp{[^\t\n\r\f -~]} | |
1486 | |
1487 @end itemize | |
1488 | |
1489 To type these special characters in an interactive argument to | |
1490 @code{isearch-forward-regexp} or @code{re-search-forward}, you need to | |
1491 use @kbd{C-q}. (@samp{\t}, @samp{\n}, @samp{\r}, and @samp{\f} stand | |
1492 respectively for @key{TAB}, @key{LFD}, @key{RET}, and @kbd{C-l}.) So, | |
1493 to search for unprintable characters using @code{re-search-forward}: | |
1494 | |
1495 @kbd{M-x re-search-forward @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET}} | |
1496 | |
1497 Using @code{isearch-forward-regexp}: | |
1498 | |
40705 | 1499 @kbd{C-M-s [^ @key{TAB} @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~]} |
25474 | 1500 |
1501 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp: | |
1502 | |
1503 @kbd{M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} @key{RET}} | |
1504 | |
1505 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable | |
1506 characters with a colon, use: | |
1507 | |
1508 M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} : @key{RET} | |
1509 | |
1510 @itemize @bullet | |
1511 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1512 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1513 You don't need to quote @key{TAB} with either isearch or typing |
25474 | 1514 something in the minibuffer. |
1515 | |
1516 @end itemize | |
1517 | |
1518 @node Highlighting a region, Controlling case sensitivity, Working with unprintable characters, Common requests | |
1519 @section How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs? | |
1520 @cindex Highlighting text | |
1521 @cindex Text, highlighting | |
1522 @cindex @code{transient-mark-mode} | |
1523 @cindex Region, highlighting a | |
1524 | |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1525 You can cause the region to be highlighted when the mark is active by |
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1526 including |
25474 | 1527 |
1528 @lisp | |
1529 (transient-mark-mode t) | |
1530 @end lisp | |
1531 | |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
1532 @noindent |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1533 in your @file{.emacs} file. (Also see @ref{Turning on syntax |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1534 highlighting}.) |
25474 | 1535 |
68735
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1536 @node Controlling case sensitivity, Searching for/replacing newlines, Highlighting a region, Common requests |
25474 | 1537 @section How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing? |
1538 @cindex @code{case-fold-search} | |
1539 @cindex Case sensitivity of searches | |
1540 @cindex Searching without case sensitivity | |
1541 @cindex Ignoring case in searches | |
1542 | |
1543 For searching, the value of the variable @code{case-fold-search} | |
1544 determines whether they are case sensitive: | |
1545 | |
1546 @lisp | |
1547 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive | |
1548 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive | |
1549 @end lisp | |
1550 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1551 @cindex Case sensitivity in replacements |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1552 @cindex Replacing, and case sensitivity |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1553 @cindex @code{case-replace} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1554 Similarly, for replacing, the variable @code{case-replace} determines |
25474 | 1555 whether replacements preserve case. |
1556 | |
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b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1557 You can also toggle case sensitivity at will in isearch with @kbd{M-c}. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1558 |
25474 | 1559 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major |
1560 mode's hook. For example: | |
1561 | |
1562 @lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1563 (add-hook '@var{foo}-mode-hook |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
1564 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
1565 (setq case-fold-search nil))) |
25474 | 1566 @end lisp |
1567 | |
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(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1568 @node Searching for/replacing newlines, Yanking text in isearch, Controlling case sensitivity, Common requests |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1569 @section How do I input a newline character in isearch or query-replace? |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1570 @cindex Searching for newlines |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1571 @cindex Replacing newlines |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1572 |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1573 Use @kbd{C-q C-j}. For more information, see @inforef{Special Isearch, |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1574 Special Input for Incremental Search, emacs}. |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1575 |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1576 |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1577 @node Yanking text in isearch, Wrapping words automatically, Searching for/replacing newlines, Common requests |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1578 @section How do I copy text from the kill ring into the search string? |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1579 @cindex Yanking text into the search string |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1580 @cindex isearch yanking |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1581 |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1582 Use @kbd{M-y}. @inforef{Isearch Yank, Isearch Yanking, emacs}. |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1583 |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
1584 @node Wrapping words automatically, Spell-checkers, Yanking text in isearch, Common requests |
25474 | 1585 @section How do I make Emacs wrap words for me? |
1586 @cindex Wrapping word automatically | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1587 @cindex Wrapping lines |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1588 @cindex Line wrap |
25474 | 1589 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, introduction to |
1590 @cindex Maximum line width, default value | |
1591 @cindex @code{fill-column}, default value | |
1592 | |
1593 Use @code{auto-fill-mode}, activated by typing @kbd{M-x auto-fill-mode}. | |
1594 The default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1595 @code{fill-column}. To learn how to turn this on automatically, see |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1596 @ref{Turning on auto-fill by default}. |
25474 | 1597 |
1598 @node Spell-checkers, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Wrapping words automatically, Common requests | |
1599 @section Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs? | |
1600 @cindex Checking spelling | |
1601 @cindex Spelling, checking text documents | |
1602 | |
1603 Use Ispell. @xref{Ispell}. | |
1604 | |
1605 @node Checking TeX and *roff documents, Changing load-path, Spell-checkers, Common requests | |
1606 @section How can I spell-check @TeX{} or *roff documents? | |
1607 @cindex Spelling, checking @TeX{} documents | |
1608 @cindex @TeX{} documents, checking spelling in | |
1609 | |
1610 Use Ispell. Ispell can handle @TeX{} and *roff documents. | |
1611 @xref{Ispell}. | |
1612 | |
1613 @node Changing load-path, Using an already running Emacs process, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Common requests | |
1614 @section How do I change @code{load-path}? | |
1615 @cindex @code{load-path}, modifying | |
1616 @cindex Modifying @code{load-path} | |
1617 @cindex Adding to @code{load-path} | |
1618 | |
1619 In general, you should only add to the @code{load-path}. You can add | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1620 directory @var{/dir/subdir} to the load path like this: |
25474 | 1621 |
1622 @lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1623 (setq load-path (cons "/dir/subdir/" load-path)) |
25474 | 1624 @end lisp |
1625 | |
1626 To do this relative to your home directory: | |
1627 | |
1628 @lisp | |
59402
7497bd0e03ee
(Changing load-path): Fix typo.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56833
diff
changeset
|
1629 (setq load-path (cons "~/mysubdir/" load-path)) |
25474 | 1630 @end lisp |
1631 | |
1632 @node Using an already running Emacs process, Compiler error messages, Changing load-path, Common requests | |
1633 @section How do I use an already running Emacs from another window? | |
1634 @cindex @code{emacsclient} | |
1635 @cindex Emacs server functions | |
1636 @cindex Using an existing Emacs process | |
1637 | |
1638 @code{emacsclient}, which comes with Emacs, is for editing a file using | |
1639 an already running Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does | |
1640 this by sending a request to the already running Emacs, which must be | |
1641 expecting the request. | |
1642 | |
1643 @itemize @bullet | |
1644 | |
1645 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1646 Setup: |
25474 | 1647 |
1648 Emacs must have executed the @code{server-start} function for | |
1649 @samp{emacsclient} to work. This can be done either by a command line | |
1650 option: | |
1651 | |
1652 @example | |
1653 emacs -f server-start | |
1654 @end example | |
1655 | |
1656 or by invoking @code{server-start} from @file{.emacs}: | |
1657 | |
1658 @lisp | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1659 (if (@var{some conditions are met}) (server-start)) |
25474 | 1660 @end lisp |
1661 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1662 When this is done, Emacs creates a Unix domain socket named |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1663 @file{server} in @file{/tmp/emacs@var{userid}}. See |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1664 @code{server-socket-dir}. |
25474 | 1665 |
1666 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke | |
1667 @samp{emacsclient}, try setting the environment variable @code{EDITOR} | |
1668 (or sometimes @code{VISUAL}) to the value @samp{emacsclient}. You may | |
1669 have to specify the full pathname of the @samp{emacsclient} program | |
1670 instead. Examples: | |
1671 | |
1672 @example | |
1673 # csh commands: | |
1674 setenv EDITOR emacsclient | |
1675 | |
1676 # using full pathname | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1677 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient |
25474 | 1678 |
1679 # sh command: | |
1680 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR | |
1681 @end example | |
1682 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1683 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1684 Normal use: |
25474 | 1685 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1686 When @samp{emacsclient} is run, it connects to the socket and passes its |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1687 command line options to Emacs, which at the next opportunity will visit |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1688 the files specified. (Line numbers can be specified just like with |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1689 Emacs.) The user will have to switch to the Emacs window by hand. When |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1690 the user is done editing a file, the user can type @kbd{C-x #} (or |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1691 @kbd{M-x server-edit}) to indicate this. If there is another buffer |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1692 requested by @code{emacsclient}, Emacs will switch to it; otherwise |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1693 @code{emacsclient} will exit, signaling the calling program to continue. |
25474 | 1694 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1695 @cindex @code{gnuserv} |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1696 There is an enhanced version of @samp{emacsclient} called |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1697 @samp{gnuserv}, written by @email{ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com, Andy Norman} |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1698 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). @samp{gnuserv} uses |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1699 Internet domain sockets, so it can work across most network connections. |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1700 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1701 The most recent @samp{gnuserv} package is available at |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1702 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1703 @uref{http://meltin.net/hacks/emacs/} |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
1704 |
25474 | 1705 @end itemize |
1706 | |
1707 @node Compiler error messages, Indenting switch statements, Using an already running Emacs process, Common requests | |
1708 @section How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages? | |
1709 @cindex Compiler error messages, recognizing | |
1710 @cindex Recognizing non-standard compiler errors | |
1711 @cindex Regexps for recognizing compiler errors | |
1712 @cindex Errors, recognizing compiler | |
1713 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1714 Customize the @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} variable. |
25474 | 1715 |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1716 @node Indenting switch statements, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Compiler error messages, Common requests |
25474 | 1717 @section How do I change the indentation for @code{switch}? |
1718 @cindex @code{switch}, indenting | |
1719 @cindex Indenting of @code{switch} | |
1720 | |
1721 Many people want to indent their @code{switch} statements like this: | |
1722 | |
1723 @example | |
1724 f() | |
1725 @{ | |
1726 switch(x) @{ | |
1727 case A: | |
1728 x1; | |
1729 break; | |
1730 case B: | |
1731 x2; | |
1732 break; | |
1733 default: | |
1734 x3; | |
1735 @} | |
1736 @} | |
1737 @end example | |
1738 | |
1739 The solution at first appears to be: set @code{c-indent-level} to 4 and | |
1740 @code{c-label-offset} to -2. However, this will give you an indentation | |
1741 spacing of four instead of two. | |
1742 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1743 The @emph{real} solution is to use @code{cc-mode} (the default mode for |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
1744 C programming in Emacs 20 and later) and add the following line to your |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
1745 @file{.emacs}: |
25474 | 1746 |
1747 @lisp | |
1748 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+) | |
1749 @end lisp | |
1750 | |
1751 There appears to be no way to do this with the old @code{c-mode}. | |
1752 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1753 @node Customizing C and C++ indentation, Horizontal scrolling, Indenting switch statements, Common requests |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1754 @section How to customize indentation in C, C@t{++}, and Java buffers? |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1755 @cindex Indentation, how to customize |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1756 @cindex Customize indentation |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1757 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1758 The Emacs @code{cc-mode} features an interactive procedure for |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1759 customizing the indentation style, which is fully explained in the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1760 @cite{CC Mode} manual that is part of the Emacs distribution, see |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1761 @ref{Customizing Indentation, , Customization Indentation, ccmode, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
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|
1762 The CC Mode Manual}. Here's a short summary of the procedure: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1763 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1764 @enumerate |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1765 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1766 Go to the beginning of the first line where you don't like the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1767 indentation and type @kbd{C-c C-o}. Emacs will prompt you for the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1768 syntactic symbol; type @key{RET} to accept the default it suggests. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1769 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1770 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1771 Emacs now prompts for the offset of this syntactic symbol, showing the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1772 default (the current definition) inside parentheses. You can choose |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1773 one of these: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1774 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1775 @table @code |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1776 @item 0 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1777 No extra indentation. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1778 @item + |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1779 Indent one basic offset. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1780 @item - |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1781 Outdent one basic offset. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1782 @item ++ |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1783 Indent two basic offsets |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1784 @item -- |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1785 Outdent two basic offsets. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1786 @item * |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1787 Indent half basic offset. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1788 @item / |
37079
dc7cb733ffc7
Fix a typo in the last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36977
diff
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|
1789 Outdent half basic offset. |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1790 @end table |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1791 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1792 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1793 After choosing one of these symbols, type @kbd{C-c C-q} to reindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1794 the line or the block according to what you just specified. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1795 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1796 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1797 If you don't like the result, go back to step 1. Otherwise, add the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1798 following line to your @file{.emacs}: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1799 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1800 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1801 (c-set-offset '@var{syntactic-symbol} @var{offset}) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1802 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1803 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1804 @noindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1805 where @var{syntactic-symbol} is the name Emacs shows in the minibuffer |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1806 when you type @kbd{C-c C-o} at the beginning of the line, and |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1807 @var{offset} is one of the indentation symbols listed above (@code{+}, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1808 @code{/}, @code{0}, etc.) that you've chosen during the interactive |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1809 procedure. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1810 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1811 @item |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1812 Go to the next line whose indentation is not to your liking and repeat |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1813 the process there. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1814 @end enumerate |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1815 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1816 It is recommended to put all the resulting @code{(c-set-offset ...)} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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changeset
|
1817 customizations inside a C mode hook, like this: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1818 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1819 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1820 (defun my-c-mode-hook () |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1821 (c-set-offset ...) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1822 (c-set-offset ...)) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1823 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'my-c-mode-hook) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1824 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1825 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1826 @noindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1827 Using @code{c-mode-hook} avoids the need to put a @w{@code{(require |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1828 'cc-mode)}} into your @file{.emacs} file, because @code{c-set-offset} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1829 might be unavailable when @code{cc-mode} is not loaded. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1830 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
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|
1831 Note that @code{c-mode-hook} runs for C source files only; use |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1832 @code{c++-mode-hook} for C@t{++} sources, @code{java-mode-hook} for |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1833 Java sources, etc. If you want the same customizations to be in |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1834 effect in @emph{all} languages supported by @code{cc-mode}, use |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1835 @code{c-mode-common-hook}. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
1836 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
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|
1837 @node Horizontal scrolling, Overwrite mode, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Common requests |
25474 | 1838 @section How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally? |
1839 @cindex @code{hscroll-mode} | |
1840 @cindex Horizontal scrolling | |
1841 @cindex Scrolling horizontally | |
1842 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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|
1843 In Emacs 21 and later, this is on by default: if the variable |
13240ff7920b
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parents:
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|
1844 @code{truncate-lines} is non-@code{nil} in the current buffer, Emacs |
13240ff7920b
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|
1845 automatically scrolls the display horizontally when point moves off the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1846 left or right edge of the window. |
13240ff7920b
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parents:
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diff
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|
1847 |
13240ff7920b
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diff
changeset
|
1848 In Emacs 20, use the @code{hscroll-mode}. Here is some information from |
25474 | 1849 the documentation, available by typing @kbd{C-h f hscroll-mode @key{RET}}: |
1850 | |
1851 Automatically scroll horizontally when the point moves off the | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
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|
1852 left or right edge of the window. |
25474 | 1853 |
1854 @itemize @minus | |
34741
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|
1855 @item |
13240ff7920b
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|
1856 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-mode} to enable it in the current buffer. |
13240ff7920b
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parents:
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|
1857 |
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diff
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|
1858 @item |
13240ff7920b
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|
1859 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-global-mode} to enable it in every buffer. |
13240ff7920b
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parents:
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|
1860 |
13240ff7920b
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diff
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|
1861 @item |
13240ff7920b
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parents:
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diff
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|
1862 @code{turn-on-hscroll} is useful in mode hooks as in: |
25474 | 1863 |
1864 @lisp | |
1865 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-hscroll) | |
1866 @end lisp | |
1867 | |
34741
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|
1868 @item |
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parents:
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changeset
|
1869 @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close the cursor can get to the |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
1870 edge of the window. |
25474 | 1871 |
34741
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|
1872 @item |
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|
1873 @code{hscroll-step-percent} controls how far to jump once we decide to do so. |
25474 | 1874 @end itemize |
1875 | |
1876 @node Overwrite mode, Turning off beeping, Horizontal scrolling, Common requests | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1877 @section How do I make Emacs ``typeover'' or ``overwrite'' instead of inserting? |
25474 | 1878 @cindex @key{Insert} |
1879 @cindex @code{overwrite-mode} | |
1880 @cindex Overwriting existing text | |
1881 @cindex Toggling @code{overwrite-mode} | |
1882 | |
1883 @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode} (a minor mode). This toggles | |
1884 @code{overwrite-mode} on and off, so exiting from @code{overwrite-mode} | |
1885 is as easy as another @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode}. | |
1886 | |
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|
1887 On some systems, @key{Insert} toggles @code{overwrite-mode} on and off. |
25474 | 1888 |
1889 @node Turning off beeping, Turning the volume down, Overwrite mode, Common requests | |
1890 @section How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal? | |
1891 @cindex Beeping, turning off | |
1892 @cindex Visible bell | |
1893 @cindex Bell, visible | |
1894 | |
1895 @email{martin@@cc.gatech.edu, Martin R. Frank} writes: | |
1896 | |
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1897 Tell Emacs to use the @dfn{visible bell} instead of the audible bell, |
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|
1898 and set the visible bell to nothing. |
25474 | 1899 |
1900 That is, put the following in your @code{TERMCAP} environment variable | |
1901 (assuming you have one): | |
1902 | |
1903 @example | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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|
1904 ... :vb=: ... |
25474 | 1905 @end example |
1906 | |
1907 And evaluate the following Lisp form: | |
1908 | |
1909 @example | |
1910 (setq visible-bell t) | |
1911 @end example | |
1912 | |
1913 @node Turning the volume down, Automatic indentation, Turning off beeping, Common requests | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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35061
diff
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|
1914 @section How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X? |
25474 | 1915 @cindex Bell, volume of |
1916 @cindex Volume of bell | |
1917 | |
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|
1918 On X Window system, you can adjust the bell volume and duration for all |
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1919 programs with the shell command @code{xset}. |
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|
1920 |
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|
1921 Invoking @code{xset} without any arguments produces some basic |
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|
1922 information, including the following: |
25474 | 1923 |
1924 @example | |
1925 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ... | |
1926 To turn bell off: | |
1927 -b b off b 0 | |
1928 To set bell volume, pitch and duration: | |
1929 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on | |
1930 @end example | |
1931 | |
1932 @node Automatic indentation, Matching parentheses, Turning the volume down, Common requests | |
1933 @section How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the indentation of the previous line? | |
1934 @cindex Indenting new lines | |
1935 @cindex New lines, indenting of | |
1936 @cindex Previous line, indenting according to | |
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|
1937 @cindex Text indentation |
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|
1938 |
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|
1939 Such behavior is automatic in Emacs 20 and later. From the |
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|
1940 @file{etc/NEWS} file for Emacs 20.2: |
25474 | 1941 |
1942 @example | |
1943 ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs. This makes | |
1944 it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode in Text mode, | |
1945 and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode). @key{TAB} in Text | |
1946 mode now runs the command @code{indent-relative}; this makes a practical | |
1947 difference only when you use indented paragraphs. | |
1948 | |
1949 As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode, | |
1950 and is an alias for it. | |
1951 | |
1952 If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph, use | |
1953 the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode. | |
1954 @end example | |
1955 | |
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1956 @cindex Prefixing lines |
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|
1957 @cindex Fill prefix |
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1958 If you have @code{auto-fill-mode} turned on (@pxref{Turning on auto-fill |
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|
1959 by default}), you can tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain |
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|
1960 character sequence, the @dfn{fill prefix}. Type the prefix at the |
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|
1961 beginning of a line, position point after it, and then type @kbd{C-x .} |
25474 | 1962 (@code{set-fill-prefix}) to set the fill prefix. Thereafter, |
1963 auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the beginning of | |
1964 new lines, and @kbd{M-q} (@code{fill-paragraph}) will maintain any fill | |
1965 prefix when refilling the paragraph. | |
1966 | |
1967 If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you will | |
1968 have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move to a | |
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1969 new paragraph. There are many packages available to deal with this |
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|
1970 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Look for ``fill'' and |
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1971 ``indent'' keywords for guidance. |
25474 | 1972 |
1973 @node Matching parentheses, Hiding #ifdef lines, Automatic indentation, Common requests | |
1974 @section How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at? | |
1975 @cindex Parentheses, matching | |
1976 @cindex @file{paren.el} | |
1977 @cindex Highlighting matching parentheses | |
1978 @cindex Pairs of parentheses, highlighting | |
1979 @cindex Matching parentheses | |
1980 | |
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1981 Call @code{show-paren-mode} in your @file{.emacs} file: |
25474 | 1982 |
1983 @lisp | |
1984 (show-paren-mode 1) | |
1985 @end lisp | |
1986 | |
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1987 You can also enable this mode by selecting the @samp{Paren Match |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
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parents:
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|
1988 Highlighting} option from the @samp{Options} menu of the Emacs menu bar |
b6000aca7291
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|
1989 at the top of any Emacs frame. |
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|
1990 |
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Set VER to `22.1'.
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|
1991 Alternatives to this mode include: |
25474 | 1992 |
1993 @itemize @bullet | |
1994 | |
1995 @item | |
1996 If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can | |
34741
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|
1997 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will momentarily move the cursor to |
13240ff7920b
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|
1998 the matching parenthesis. |
25474 | 1999 |
2000 @item | |
40705 | 2001 @kbd{C-M-f} (@code{forward-sexp}) and @kbd{C-M-b} (@code{backward-sexp}) |
25474 | 2002 will skip over one set of balanced parentheses, so you can see which |
2003 parentheses match. (You can train it to skip over balanced brackets | |
34741
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parents:
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|
2004 and braces at the same time by modifying the syntax table.) |
13240ff7920b
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parents:
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|
2005 |
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|
2006 @cindex Show matching paren as in @code{vi} |
25474 | 2007 @item |
2008 Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the @key{%} key show the matching | |
34741
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parents:
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|
2009 parenthesis, like in @code{vi}. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a |
25474 | 2010 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal. |
2011 | |
2012 @lisp | |
2013 ;; By an unknown contributor | |
2014 | |
2015 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren) | |
2016 | |
2017 (defun match-paren (arg) | |
2018 "Go to the matching paren if on a paren; otherwise insert %." | |
2019 (interactive "p") | |
2020 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1)) | |
2021 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1)) | |
2022 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1))))) | |
2023 @end lisp | |
2024 | |
2025 @end itemize | |
2026 | |
2027 @node Hiding #ifdef lines, Repeating commands, Matching parentheses, Common requests | |
2028 @section In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after @code{#ifdef} commands are handled by the compiler? | |
2029 @cindex @code{#ifdef}, selective display of | |
2030 @cindex @code{hide-ifdef-mode} | |
2031 @cindex Hiding @code{#ifdef} text | |
2032 @cindex Selectively displaying @code{#ifdef} code | |
2033 | |
2034 @kbd{M-x hide-ifdef-mode}. (This is a minor mode.) You might also want | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
2035 to investigate @file{cpp.el}, which is distributed with Emacs. |
25474 | 2036 |
2037 @node Repeating commands, Valid X resources, Hiding #ifdef lines, Common requests | |
2038 @section Is there an equivalent to the @code{.} (dot) command of vi? | |
34741
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parents:
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changeset
|
2039 @cindex Repeating commands as with @code{vi} |
25474 | 2040 @cindex Command, repeat last |
34741
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parents:
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|
2041 @cindex @code{.}, equivalent to @code{vi} command |
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
2042 |
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|
2043 (@code{.} is the redo command in @code{vi}. It redoes the last |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
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|
2044 insertion/deletion.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
2045 |
13240ff7920b
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2046 As of Emacs 20.3, there is indeed a @code{repeat} command (@kbd{C-x z}) |
25474 | 2047 that repeats the last command. If you preface it with a prefix |
2048 argument, the prefix arg is applied to the command. | |
2049 | |
2050 You can also type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC}} | |
2051 (@code{repeat-complex-command}) to reinvoke commands that used the | |
2052 minibuffer to get arguments. In @code{repeat-complex-command} you can | |
34741
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2053 type @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} (and also up-arrow and down-arrow, if your |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2054 keyboard has these keys) to scan through all the different complex |
25474 | 2055 commands you've typed. |
2056 | |
2057 To repeat a set of commands, use keyboard macros. (@inforef{Keyboard | |
2058 Macros, Keyboard Macros, emacs}.) | |
2059 | |
34741
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|
2060 If you're really desperate for the @code{.} command, use VIPER, a |
13240ff7920b
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parents:
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changeset
|
2061 @code{vi} emulation mode which comes with Emacs, and which appears to |
13240ff7920b
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|
2062 support it. (@xref{VIPER}.) |
25474 | 2063 |
2064 @node Valid X resources, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Repeating commands, Common requests | |
2065 @section What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)? | |
2066 @cindex Resources, X | |
2067 @cindex X resources | |
2068 @cindex Setting X resources | |
2069 | |
50475
b65aa1d740eb
Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49429
diff
changeset
|
2070 @inforef{X Resources, X Resources, emacs}. |
25474 | 2071 |
2072 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and | |
2073 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs | |
2074 was compiled with the X toolkit. | |
2075 | |
2076 @node Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Changing the length of a Tab, Valid X resources, Common requests | |
56817
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Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
2077 @section How do I execute (``evaluate'') a piece of Emacs Lisp code? |
25474 | 2078 @cindex Evaluating Lisp code |
2079 @cindex Lisp forms, evaluating | |
2080 | |
34741
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parents:
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changeset
|
2081 There are a number of ways to execute (@dfn{evaluate}, in Lisp lingo) an |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2082 Emacs Lisp @dfn{form}: |
25474 | 2083 |
2084 @itemize @bullet | |
2085 | |
2086 @item | |
2087 If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file | |
34741
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changeset
|
2088 named @file{.emacs} in your home directory. This is known as ``your |
13240ff7920b
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parents:
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changeset
|
2089 @file{.emacs} file,'' and contains all of your personal customizations. |
25474 | 2090 |
2091 @item | |
2092 You can type the form in the @file{*scratch*} buffer, and then type | |
2093 @key{LFD} (or @kbd{C-j}) after it. The result of evaluating the form | |
2094 will be inserted in the buffer. | |
2095 | |
2096 @item | |
40705 | 2097 In @code{emacs-lisp-mode}, typing @kbd{C-M-x} evaluates a top-level form |
25474 | 2098 before or around point. |
2099 | |
2100 @item | |
2101 Typing @kbd{C-x C-e} in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately | |
2102 before point and prints its value in the echo area. | |
2103 | |
2104 @item | |
2105 Typing @kbd{M-:} or @kbd{M-x eval-expression} allows you to type a Lisp | |
34741
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parents:
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changeset
|
2106 form in the minibuffer which will be evaluated once you press @key{RET}. |
25474 | 2107 |
2108 @item | |
2109 You can use @kbd{M-x load-file} to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp | |
2110 forms in a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function @code{load} | |
2111 instead.) | |
2112 | |
2113 The functions @code{load-library}, @code{eval-region}, | |
2114 @code{eval-current-buffer}, @code{require}, and @code{autoload} are also | |
34741
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parents:
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changeset
|
2115 useful; see @ref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, if you want to learn more |
13240ff7920b
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changeset
|
2116 about them. |
25474 | 2117 |
2118 @end itemize | |
2119 | |
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2120 @node Changing the length of a Tab, Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Common requests |
25474 | 2121 @section How do I change Emacs's idea of the @key{TAB} character's length? |
2122 @cindex Tab length | |
2123 @cindex Length of tab character | |
49429
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Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
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48785
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|
2124 @cindex @code{default-tab-width} |
25474 | 2125 |
2126 Set the variable @code{default-tab-width}. For example, to set | |
2127 @key{TAB} stops every 10 characters, insert the following in your | |
2128 @file{.emacs} file: | |
2129 | |
2130 @lisp | |
2131 (setq default-tab-width 10) | |
2132 @end lisp | |
2133 | |
2134 Do not confuse variable @code{tab-width} with variable | |
2135 @code{tab-stop-list}. The former is used for the display of literal | |
2136 @key{TAB} characters. The latter controls what characters are inserted | |
2137 when you press the @key{TAB} character in certain modes. | |
2138 | |
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diff
changeset
|
2139 @node Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Underlining paragraphs, Changing the length of a Tab, Common requests |
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(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
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|
2140 @section How do I insert <some text> at the beginning of every line? |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
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|
2141 @cindex Prefixing a region with some text |
25474 | 2142 @cindex Prefix character, inserting in mail/news replies |
2143 @cindex Replies to mail/news, inserting a prefix character | |
2144 @cindex @code{mail-yank-prefix} | |
2145 @cindex Mail replies, inserting a prefix character | |
2146 @cindex News replies, inserting a prefix character | |
2147 | |
2148 To do this to an entire buffer, type @kbd{M-< M-x replace-regexp | |
68735
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|
2149 @key{RET} ^ @key{RET} your text @key{RET}}. |
25474 | 2150 |
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Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
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|
2151 To do this to a region, use @code{string-insert-rectangle}. |
25474 | 2152 Set the mark (@kbd{C-@key{SPC}}) at the beginning of the first line you |
2153 want to prefix, move the cursor to last line to be prefixed, and type | |
37447
0bc52782144f
Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
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37079
diff
changeset
|
2154 @kbd{M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}. To do this for the whole |
0bc52782144f
Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
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37079
diff
changeset
|
2155 buffer, type @kbd{C-x h M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}. |
25474 | 2156 |
2157 If you are trying to prefix a yanked mail message with @samp{>}, you | |
68735
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(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
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68712
diff
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|
2158 might want to set the variable @code{mail-yank-prefix}. In Message |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
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parents:
68712
diff
changeset
|
2159 buffers, you can even use @kbd{M-;} to cite yanked messages (@kbd{M-;} |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
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diff
changeset
|
2160 runs the function @code{comment-region}, it is a general-purpose |
c7092f815c43
(Top): Remove paragraph about the FAQ being a
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|
2161 mechanism to comment regions). |
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|
2162 |
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|
2163 @node Underlining paragraphs, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Inserting text at the beginning of each line, Common requests |
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Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
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|
2164 @section How do I insert @samp{_^H} before each character in a region to get an underlined paragraph? |
25474 | 2165 @cindex Underlining a region of text |
2166 @cindex @code{underline-region} | |
2167 | |
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changeset
|
2168 Mark the region and then type @kbd{M-x underline-region @key{RET}}. |
25474 | 2169 |
2170 @node Repeating a command as many times as possible, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Underlining paragraphs, Common requests | |
2171 @section How do I repeat a command as many times as possible? | |
34741
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|
2172 @cindex Repeating commands many times |
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|
2173 @cindex Commands, repeating many times |
25474 | 2174 |
2175 Use @kbd{C-x (} and @kbd{C-x )} to make a keyboard macro that invokes | |
2176 the command and then type @kbd{M-0 C-x e}. | |
2177 | |
2178 Any messages your command prints in the echo area will be suppressed. | |
2179 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2180 If you need to repeat a command a small number of times, you can use |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2181 @kbd{C-x z} (@pxref{Repeating commands}) or @kbd{C-x e}. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2182 |
25474 | 2183 @node Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Common requests |
2184 @section How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor should stay in the same column even if the line is too short? | |
2185 @cindex @code{picture-mode} | |
2186 @cindex Remaining in the same column, regardless of contents | |
2187 @cindex Vertical movement in empty documents | |
2188 | |
2189 @kbd{M-x picture-mode}. | |
2190 | |
2191 @node Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Using regular expressions, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Common requests | |
2192 @section How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself? | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
2193 @cindex Iconification under the X Window System |
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
2194 @cindex X Window System and iconification |
25474 | 2195 @cindex Suspending Emacs |
2196 | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
2197 @kbd{C-z} iconifies Emacs when running under X and suspends Emacs |
50475
b65aa1d740eb
Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49429
diff
changeset
|
2198 otherwise. @inforef{Frame Commands, Frame Commands, emacs}. |
25474 | 2199 |
2200 @node Using regular expressions, Replacing text across multiple files, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Common requests | |
2201 @section How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs? | |
2202 @cindex Regexps | |
2203 @cindex Regular expressions | |
2204 @cindex Differences between Unix and Emacs regexps | |
2205 @cindex Unix regeps, differences from Emacs | |
2206 @cindex Text strings, putting regexps in | |
2207 | |
64917
f9b024cc4772
(Using regular expressions): Fix xref.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64890
diff
changeset
|
2208 @inforef{Regexp Backslash, Regexp Backslash, emacs}. |
25474 | 2209 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2210 The @code{or} operator is @samp{\|}, not @samp{|}, and the grouping operators |
25474 | 2211 are @samp{\(} and @samp{\)}. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is |
2212 @samp{\\}. To specify a regular expression like @samp{xxx\(foo\|bar\)} | |
2213 in a Lisp string, use @samp{xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)}. | |
2214 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2215 Note the doubled backslashes! |
25474 | 2216 |
2217 @itemize @bullet | |
2218 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2219 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2220 Unlike in Unix @file{grep}, @file{sed}, etc., a complement character set |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2221 (@samp{[^...]}) can match a newline character (@key{LFD} a.k.a.@: |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2222 @kbd{C-j} a.k.a.@: @samp{\n}), unless newline is mentioned as one of the |
25474 | 2223 characters not to match. |
2224 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2225 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2226 The character syntax regexps (e.g., @samp{\sw}) are not |
25474 | 2227 meaningful inside character set regexps (e.g., @samp{[aeiou]}). (This |
2228 is actually typical for regexp syntax.) | |
2229 | |
2230 @end itemize | |
2231 | |
2232 @node Replacing text across multiple files, Documentation for etags, Using regular expressions, Common requests | |
2233 @section How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file? | |
2234 @cindex Replacing strings across files | |
2235 @cindex Multiple files, replacing across | |
2236 @cindex Files, replacing strings across multiple | |
2237 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2238 The ``tags'' feature of Emacs includes the command |
25474 | 2239 @code{tags-query-replace} which performs a query-replace across all the |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2240 files mentioned in the @file{TAGS} file. @inforef{Tags Search, Tags Search, |
25474 | 2241 emacs}. |
2242 | |
2243 As of Emacs 19.29, Dired mode (@kbd{M-x dired @key{RET}}, or @kbd{C-x | |
2244 d}) supports the command @code{dired-do-query-replace}, which allows | |
2245 users to replace regular expressions in multiple files. | |
2246 | |
2247 @node Documentation for etags, Disabling backups, Replacing text across multiple files, Common requests | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2248 @section Where is the documentation for @code{etags}? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2249 @cindex Documentation for @code{etags} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2250 @cindex @code{etags}, documentation for |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2251 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2252 The @code{etags} man page should be in the same place as the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2253 @code{emacs} man page. |
25474 | 2254 |
2255 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example, | |
2256 @samp{etags -H}. | |
2257 | |
2258 @node Disabling backups, Disabling auto-save-mode, Documentation for etags, Common requests | |
2259 @section How do I disable backup files? | |
2260 @cindex Backups, disabling | |
2261 @cindex Disabling backups | |
2262 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2263 You probably don't want to do this, since backups are useful, especially |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2264 when something goes wrong. |
25474 | 2265 |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2266 To avoid seeing backup files (and other ``uninteresting'' files) in Dired, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2267 load @code{dired-x} by adding the following to your @file{.emacs} file: |
25474 | 2268 |
2269 @lisp | |
2270 (add-hook 'dired-load-hook | |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
2271 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
2272 (load "dired-x"))) |
25474 | 2273 @end lisp |
2274 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2275 With @code{dired-x} loaded, @kbd{M-o} toggles omitting in each dired buffer. |
25474 | 2276 You can make omitting the default for new dired buffers by putting the |
2277 following in your @file{.emacs}: | |
2278 | |
2279 @lisp | |
30692
b2cc8b3e837e
(Disabling backups): Replace reference to
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
30009
diff
changeset
|
2280 (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook 'dired-omit-toggle) |
25474 | 2281 @end lisp |
2282 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2283 If you're tired of seeing backup files whenever you do an @samp{ls} at |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2284 the Unix shell, try GNU @code{ls} with the @samp{-B} option. GNU |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2285 @code{ls} is part of the GNU Fileutils package, available from |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2286 @samp{ftp.gnu.org} and its mirrors (@pxref{Current GNU distributions}). |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2287 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2288 To disable or change the way backups are made, @inforef{Backup Names, , |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2289 emacs}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2290 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2291 @cindex Backup files in a single directory |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2292 Beginning with Emacs 21.1, you can control where Emacs puts backup files |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2293 by customizing the variable @code{backup-directory-alist}. This |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2294 variable's value specifies that files whose names match specific patters |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2295 should have their backups put in certain directories. A typical use is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2296 to add the element @code{("." . @var{dir})} to force Emacs to put |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2297 @strong{all} backup files in the directory @file{dir}. |
25474 | 2298 |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2299 @node Disabling auto-save-mode, Going to a line by number, Disabling backups, Common requests |
25474 | 2300 @section How do I disable @code{auto-save-mode}? |
2301 @cindex Disabling @code{auto-save-mode} | |
2302 @cindex Auto-saving | |
2303 @cindex Saving at frequent intervals | |
2304 | |
2305 You probably don't want to do this, since auto-saving is useful, | |
2306 especially when Emacs or your computer crashes while you are editing a | |
2307 document. | |
2308 | |
2309 Instead, you might want to change the variable | |
2310 @code{auto-save-interval}, which specifies how many keystrokes Emacs | |
2311 waits before auto-saving. Increasing this value forces Emacs to wait | |
2312 longer between auto-saves, which might annoy you less. | |
2313 | |
2314 You might also want to look into Sebastian Kremer's @code{auto-save} | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2315 package (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). This |
25474 | 2316 package also allows you to place all auto-save files in one directory, |
2317 such as @file{/tmp}. | |
2318 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2319 To disable or change how @code{auto-save-mode} works, @inforef{Auto |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2320 Save, , emacs}. |
25474 | 2321 |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2322 @node Going to a line by number, Modifying pull-down menus, Disabling auto-save-mode, Common requests |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2323 @section How can I go to a certain line given its number? |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2324 @cindex Going to a line by number |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2325 @cindex Compilation error messages |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2326 @cindex Recompilation |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2327 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2328 Are you sure you indeed need to go to a line by its number? Perhaps all |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2329 you want is to display a line in your source file for which a compiler |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2330 printed an error message? If so, compiling from within Emacs using the |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2331 @kbd{M-x compile} and @kbd{M-x recompile} commands is a much more |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2332 effective way of doing that. Emacs automatically intercepts the compile |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2333 error messages, inserts them into a special buffer called |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2334 @code{*compilation*}, and lets you visit the locus of each message in |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2335 the source. Type @kbd{C-x `} to step through the offending lines one by |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2336 one (starting with Emacs 22, you can also use @kbd{M-g M-p} and |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2337 @kbd{M-g M-n} to go to the previous and next matches directly). Click |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2338 @kbd{Mouse-2} or press @key{RET} on a message text in the |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2339 @code{*compilation*} buffer to go to the line whose number is mentioned |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2340 in that message. |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2341 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2342 But if you indeed need to go to a certain text line, type @kbd{M-g M-g} |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2343 (which is the default binding of the @code{goto-line} function starting |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2344 with Emacs 22). Emacs will prompt you for the number of the line and go |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2345 to that line. |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2346 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2347 You can do this faster by invoking @code{goto-line} with a numeric |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2348 argument that is the line's number. For example, @kbd{C-u 286 M-g M-g} |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2349 will jump to line number 286 in the current buffer. |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2350 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2351 @node Modifying pull-down menus, Deleting menus and menu options, Going to a line by number, Common requests |
25474 | 2352 @section How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options? |
2353 @cindex Pull-down menus, creating or modifying | |
2354 @cindex Menus, creating or modifying | |
2355 @cindex Creating new menu options | |
2356 @cindex Modifying pull-down menus | |
2357 @cindex Menus and keymaps | |
2358 @cindex Keymaps and menus | |
2359 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2360 Each menu title (e.g., @samp{File}, @samp{Edit}, @samp{Buffers}) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2361 represents a local or global keymap. Selecting a menu title with the |
56279
b1ae5333057a
* ses.texi, viper.texi, search.texi, flymake.texi, faq.texi:
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents:
55201
diff
changeset
|
2362 mouse displays that keymap's non-@code{nil} contents in the form of a menu. |
25474 | 2363 |
2364 So to add a menu option to an existing menu, all you have to do is add a | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2365 new definition to the appropriate keymap. Adding a @samp{Forward Word} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2366 item to the @samp{Edit} menu thus requires the following Lisp code: |
25474 | 2367 |
2368 @lisp | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2369 (define-key global-map |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2370 [menu-bar edit forward] |
25474 | 2371 '("Forward word" . forward-word)) |
2372 @end lisp | |
2373 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2374 @noindent |
25474 | 2375 The first line adds the entry to the global keymap, which includes |
2376 global menu bar entries. Replacing the reference to @code{global-map} | |
2377 with a local keymap would add this menu option only within a particular | |
2378 mode. | |
2379 | |
2380 The second line describes the path from the menu-bar to the new entry. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2381 Placing this menu entry underneath the @samp{File} menu would mean |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2382 changing the word @code{edit} in the second line to @code{file}. |
25474 | 2383 |
2384 The third line is a cons cell whose first element is the title that will | |
2385 be displayed, and whose second element is the function that will be | |
2386 called when that menu option is invoked. | |
2387 | |
2388 To add a new menu, rather than a new option to an existing menu, we must | |
2389 define an entirely new keymap: | |
2390 | |
2391 @lisp | |
2392 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] | |
2393 (cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words"))) | |
2394 @end lisp | |
2395 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2396 The above code creates a new sparse keymap, gives it the name |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2397 @samp{Words}, and attaches it to the global menu bar. Adding the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2398 @samp{Forward Word} item to this new menu would thus require the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2399 following code: |
25474 | 2400 |
2401 @lisp | |
2402 (define-key global-map | |
2403 [menu-bar words forward] | |
2404 '("Forward word" . forward-word)) | |
2405 @end lisp | |
2406 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2407 @noindent |
25474 | 2408 Note that because of the way keymaps work, menu options are displayed |
2409 with the more recently defined items at the top. Thus if you were to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2410 define menu options @samp{foo}, @samp{bar}, and @samp{baz} (in that |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2411 order), the menu option @samp{baz} would appear at the top, and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2412 @samp{foo} would be at the bottom. |
25474 | 2413 |
2414 One way to avoid this problem is to use the function @code{define-key-after}, | |
2415 which works the same as @code{define-key}, but lets you modify where items | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2416 appear. The following Lisp code would insert the @samp{Forward Word} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2417 item in the @samp{Edit} menu immediately following the @samp{Undo} item: |
25474 | 2418 |
2419 @lisp | |
2420 (define-key-after | |
2421 (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar edit]) | |
2422 [forward] | |
2423 '("Forward word" . forward-word) | |
2424 'undo) | |
2425 @end lisp | |
2426 | |
2427 Note how the second and third arguments to @code{define-key-after} are | |
2428 different from those of @code{define-key}, and that we have added a new | |
2429 (final) argument, the function after which our new key should be | |
2430 defined. | |
2431 | |
2432 To move a menu option from one position to another, simply evaluate | |
2433 @code{define-key-after} with the appropriate final argument. | |
2434 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2435 More detailed information---and more examples of how to create and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2436 modify menu options---are in the @cite{Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, under |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
2437 ``Menu Keymaps''. (@xref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, for information on |
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
2438 this manual.) |
25474 | 2439 |
2440 @node Deleting menus and menu options, Turning on syntax highlighting, Modifying pull-down menus, Common requests | |
2441 @section How do I delete menus and menu options? | |
2442 @cindex Deleting menus and menu options | |
2443 @cindex Menus, deleting | |
2444 | |
2445 The simplest way to remove a menu is to set its keymap to @samp{nil}. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2446 For example, to delete the @samp{Words} menu (@pxref{Modifying pull-down |
25474 | 2447 menus}), use: |
2448 | |
2449 @lisp | |
2450 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] nil) | |
2451 @end lisp | |
2452 | |
2453 Similarly, removing a menu option requires redefining a keymap entry to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2454 @code{nil}. For example, to delete the @samp{Forward word} menu option |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2455 from the @samp{Edit} menu (we added it in @ref{Modifying pull-down |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2456 menus}), use: |
25474 | 2457 |
2458 @lisp | |
2459 (define-key global-map [menu-bar edit forward] nil) | |
2460 @end lisp | |
2461 | |
2462 @node Turning on syntax highlighting, Scrolling only one line, Deleting menus and menu options, Common requests | |
2463 @section How do I turn on syntax highlighting? | |
2464 @cindex Syntax highlighting | |
2465 @cindex @code{font-lock-mode} | |
2466 @cindex Highlighting based on syntax | |
2467 @cindex Colorizing text | |
2468 @cindex FAQ, @code{font-lock-mode} | |
2469 | |
2470 @code{font-lock-mode} is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2471 highlighting in the current buffer. It is enabled by default in Emacs |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2472 22.1 and later. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2473 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2474 With @code{font-lock-mode} turned on, different types of text will |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2475 appear in different colors. For instance, in a programming mode, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2476 variables will appear in one face, keywords in a second, and comments in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2477 a third. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2478 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2479 @cindex hilit19 is deprecated |
25474 | 2480 Earlier versions of Emacs supported hilit19, a similar package. Use of |
2481 hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although @file{hilit19.el} comes | |
2482 with the stock Emacs distribution. It is no longer maintained. | |
2483 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2484 To turn @code{font-lock-mode} off within an existing buffer, use |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2485 @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode @key{RET}}. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2486 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2487 In Emacs 21 and earlier versions, you could use the following code in |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2488 your @file{.emacs} file to turn on @code{font-lock-mode} globally: |
25474 | 2489 |
2490 @lisp | |
2491 (global-font-lock-mode 1) | |
2492 @end lisp | |
2493 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2494 Highlighting a buffer with @code{font-lock-mode} can take quite a while, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2495 and cause an annoying delay in display, so several features exist to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2496 work around this. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2497 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2498 @cindex Just-In-Time syntax highlighting |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2499 In Emacs 21 and later, turning on @code{font-lock-mode} automatically |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2500 activates the new @dfn{Just-In-Time fontification} provided by |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2501 @code{jit-lock-mode}. @code{jit-lock-mode} defers the fontification of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2502 portions of buffer until you actually need to see them, and can also |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2503 fontify while Emacs is idle. This makes display of the visible portion |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2504 of a buffer almost instantaneous. For details about customizing |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2505 @code{jit-lock-mode}, type @kbd{C-h f jit-lock-mode @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2506 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2507 @cindex Levels of syntax highlighting |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2508 @cindex Decoration level, in @code{font-lock-mode} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2509 In versions of Emacs before 21, different levels of decoration are |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2510 available, from slight to gaudy. More decoration means you need to wait |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2511 more time for a buffer to be fontified (or a faster machine). To |
25474 | 2512 control how decorated your buffers should become, set the value of |
2513 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} in your @file{.emacs} file, with a | |
2514 @code{nil} value indicating default (usually minimum) decoration, and a | |
2515 @code{t} value indicating the maximum decoration. For the gaudiest | |
2516 possible look, then, include the line | |
2517 | |
2518 @lisp | |
2519 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t) | |
2520 @end lisp | |
2521 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2522 @noindent |
25474 | 2523 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can also set this variable such that |
2524 different modes are highlighted in a different ways; for more | |
2525 information, see the documentation for | |
2526 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} with @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x | |
2527 describe-variable @key{RET}}). | |
2528 | |
2529 Also see the documentation for the function @code{font-lock-mode}, | |
2530 available by typing @kbd{C-h f font-lock-mode} (@kbd{M-x | |
2531 describe-function @key{RET} font-lock-mode @key{RET}}). | |
2532 | |
2533 To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use | |
2534 @kbd{M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces} or @kbd{M-x | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2535 ps-print-region-with-faces}. You will need a way to send text to a |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2536 PostScript printer, or a PostScript interpreter such as Ghostscript; |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2537 consult the documentation of the variables @code{ps-printer-name}, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2538 @code{ps-lpr-command}, and @code{ps-lpr-switches} for more details. |
25474 | 2539 |
2540 @node Scrolling only one line, Replacing highlighted text, Turning on syntax highlighting, Common requests | |
2541 @section How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the bottom of the screen? | |
2542 @cindex Scrolling only one line | |
46918
82d113655734
Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents:
46655
diff
changeset
|
2543 @cindex Reducing the increment when scrolling |
25474 | 2544 |
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2545 Customize the @code{scroll-conservatively} variable with @kbd{M-x |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2546 customize-variable @key{RET} scroll-conservatively @key{RET}} and set it |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2547 to a large value like, say, 10000. For an explanation of what this |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2548 means, @inforef{Scrolling, Scrolling, emacs}. |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2549 |
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2550 Alternatively, use the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs}: |
25474 | 2551 |
2552 @lisp | |
67551
fe8f45a3c8a7
(Scrolling only one line): Use `scroll-conservatively'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
67543
diff
changeset
|
2553 (setq scroll-conservatively most-positive-fixnum) |
25474 | 2554 @end lisp |
2555 | |
2556 @node Replacing highlighted text, Editing MS-DOS files, Scrolling only one line, Common requests | |
2557 @section How can I replace highlighted text with what I type? | |
2558 @cindex @code{delete-selection-mode} | |
2559 @cindex Replacing highlighted text | |
46918
82d113655734
Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents:
46655
diff
changeset
|
2560 @cindex Highlighting and replacing text |
25474 | 2561 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2562 Use @code{delete-selection-mode}, which you can start automatically by |
25474 | 2563 placing the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file: |
2564 | |
2565 @lisp | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2566 (delete-selection-mode 1) |
25474 | 2567 @end lisp |
2568 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2569 According to the documentation string for @code{delete-selection-mode} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2570 (which you can read using @kbd{M-x describe-function @key{RET} |
25474 | 2571 delete-selection-mode @key{RET}}): |
2572 | |
2573 @quotation | |
2574 When ON, typed text replaces the selection if the selection is active. | |
2575 When OFF, typed text is just inserted at point. | |
2576 @end quotation | |
2577 | |
2578 This mode also allows you to delete (not kill) the highlighted region by | |
2579 pressing @key{DEL}. | |
2580 | |
2581 @node Editing MS-DOS files, Filling paragraphs with a single space, Replacing highlighted text, Common requests | |
2582 @section How can I edit MS-DOS files using Emacs? | |
2583 @cindex Editing MS-DOS files | |
2584 @cindex MS-DOS files, editing | |
2585 @cindex Microsoft files, editing | |
2586 @cindex Windows files, editing | |
2587 | |
2588 As of Emacs 20, detection and handling of MS-DOS (and Windows) files is | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2589 performed transparently. You can open MS-DOS files on a Unix system, |
25474 | 2590 edit it, and save it without having to worry about the file format. |
2591 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2592 When editing an MS-DOS style file, the mode line will indicate that it |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2593 is a DOS file. On Unix and GNU/Linux systems, and also on a Macintosh, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2594 the string @samp{(DOS)} will appear near the left edge of the mode line; |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2595 on DOS and Windows, where the DOS end-of-line (EOL) format is the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2596 default, a backslash (@samp{\}) will appear in the mode line. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2597 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2598 If you are running a version of Emacs before 20.1, get @code{crypt++} |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
2599 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Among other things, |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2600 @code{crypt++} transparently modifies MS-DOS files as they are loaded |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2601 and saved, allowing you to ignore the different conventions that Unix |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
2602 and MS-DOS have for delineating the end of a line. |
25474 | 2603 |
35651
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2604 @node Filling paragraphs with a single space, Escape sequences in shell output, Editing MS-DOS files, Common requests |
25474 | 2605 @section How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after each period? |
2606 @cindex One space following periods | |
2607 @cindex Single space following periods | |
2608 @cindex Periods, one space following | |
2609 | |
67576
79100dce8a85
* faq.texi (Filling paragraphs with a single space): No need to
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
67551
diff
changeset
|
2610 Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file: |
25474 | 2611 |
2612 @lisp | |
2613 (setq sentence-end-double-space nil) | |
2614 @end lisp | |
2615 | |
35651
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2616 @node Escape sequences in shell output, , Filling paragraphs with a single space, Common requests |
46655 | 2617 @section Why these strange escape sequences from @code{ls} from the Shell mode? |
35651
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2618 @cindex Escape sequences in @code{ls} output |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2619 @cindex @code{ls} in Shell mode |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2620 |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2621 This happens because @code{ls} is aliased to @samp{ls --color} in your |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2622 shell init file. You have two alternatives to solve this: |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2623 |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2624 @itemize @bullet |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2625 @item |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2626 Make the alias conditioned on the @code{EMACS} variable in the |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2627 environment. When Emacs runs a subsidiary shell, it exports the |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2628 @code{EMACS} variable with the value @code{t} to that shell. You can |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2629 unalias @code{ls} when that happens, thus limiting the alias to your |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2630 interactive sessions. |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2631 |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2632 @item |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2633 Install the @code{ansi-color} package (bundled with Emacs 21.1 and |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2634 later), which converts these ANSI escape sequences into colors. |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2635 @end itemize |
d991c8f6b85b
(Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35188
diff
changeset
|
2636 |
25474 | 2637 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ |
2638 @node Bugs and problems, Compiling and installing Emacs, Common requests, Top | |
2639 @chapter Bugs and problems | |
2640 @cindex Bugs and problems | |
2641 | |
38687
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2642 The Emacs manual lists some common kinds of trouble users could get |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2643 into, see @ref{Lossage, , Dealing with Emacs Trouble, emacs, The GNU |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2644 Emacs Manual}, so you might look there if the problem you encounter |
38770
4cbe0f799a15
(Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38687
diff
changeset
|
2645 isn't described in this chapter. If you decide you've discovered a bug, |
4cbe0f799a15
(Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38687
diff
changeset
|
2646 see @ref{Bugs, , Reporting Bugs, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for |
38687
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2647 instructions how to do that. |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2648 |
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2649 The file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the Emacs distribution lists various |
38770
4cbe0f799a15
(Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38687
diff
changeset
|
2650 known problems with building and using Emacs on specific platforms; |
54478 | 2651 type @kbd{C-h C-e} to read it. |
38687
14401c0b4b44
(Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37806
diff
changeset
|
2652 |
25474 | 2653 @menu |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2654 * Problems with very large files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2655 * ^M in the shell buffer:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2656 * Shell process exits abnormally:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2657 * Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2658 * Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2659 * Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2660 * Problems talking to certain hosts:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2661 * Errors with init files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2662 * Emacs ignores X resources:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2663 * Emacs ignores frame parameters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2664 * Emacs takes a long time to visit files:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2665 * Editing files with $ in the name:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2666 * Shell mode loses the current directory:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2667 * Security risks with Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2668 * Dired claims that no file is on this line:: |
25474 | 2669 @end menu |
2670 | |
2671 @node Problems with very large files, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems, Bugs and problems | |
2672 @section Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes? | |
2673 @cindex Very large files, opening | |
2674 @cindex Large files, opening | |
2675 @cindex Opening very large files | |
2676 @cindex Maximum file size | |
2677 @cindex Files, maximum size | |
2678 | |
2679 Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2680 files larger than 8 megabytes. In versions 19.29 and later, the maximum |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2681 buffer size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes, or 132 MBytes. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2682 And in Emacs 22, the maximum buffer size has been increased to |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2683 268,435,455 bytes (or 256 MBytes) on 32-bit machines. |
25474 | 2684 |
2685 @node ^M in the shell buffer, Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with very large files, Bugs and problems | |
2686 @section How do I get rid of @samp{^M} or echoed commands in my shell buffer? | |
2687 @cindex Shell buffer, echoed commands and @samp{^M} in | |
2688 @cindex Echoed commands in @code{shell-mode} | |
2689 | |
2690 Try typing @kbd{M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m @key{RET}} while in @code{shell-mode} to | |
2691 make them go away. If that doesn't work, you have several options: | |
2692 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2693 For @code{tcsh}, put this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc}) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2694 file: |
25474 | 2695 |
2696 @example | |
2697 if ($?EMACS) then | |
2698 if ("$EMACS" == t) then | |
2699 if ($?tcsh) unset edit | |
2700 stty nl | |
2701 endif | |
2702 endif | |
2703 @end example | |
2704 | |
2705 Or put this in your @file{.emacs_tcsh} file: | |
2706 | |
2707 @example | |
2708 unset edit | |
2709 stty nl | |
2710 @end example | |
2711 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2712 Alternatively, use @code{csh} in your shell buffers instead of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2713 @code{tcsh}. One way is: |
25474 | 2714 |
2715 @lisp | |
2716 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh") | |
2717 @end lisp | |
2718 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2719 @noindent |
25474 | 2720 and another is to do this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc}) |
2721 file: | |
2722 | |
2723 @example | |
2724 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh | |
2725 @end example | |
2726 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2727 @noindent |
25474 | 2728 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly |
2729 set for this to take effect.) | |
2730 | |
2731 You can also set the @code{ESHELL} environment variable in Emacs Lisp | |
2732 with the following Lisp form, | |
2733 | |
2734 @lisp | |
2735 (setenv "ESHELL" "/bin/csh") | |
2736 @end lisp | |
2737 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2738 The above solutions try to prevent the shell from producing the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2739 @samp{^M} characters in the first place. If this is not possible |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2740 (e.g., if you use a Windows shell), you can get Emacs to remove these |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2741 characters from the buffer by adding this to your @file{.emacs} init |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2742 file: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2743 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2744 @smalllisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2745 (add-hook 'comint-output-filter-functions 'shell-strip-ctrl-m) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2746 @end smalllisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2747 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2748 On a related note: if your shell is echoing your input line in the shell |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2749 buffer, you might want to customize the @code{comint-process-echoes} |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2750 variable in your shell buffers, or try the following command in your |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
2751 shell start-up file: |
25474 | 2752 |
2753 @example | |
2754 stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z | |
2755 @end example | |
2756 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2757 @node Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2758 @section Why do I get ``Process shell exited abnormally with code 1''? |
25474 | 2759 @cindex Abnormal exits from @code{shell-mode} |
2760 @cindex @code{shell-mode} exits | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2761 @cindex Process shell exited |
25474 | 2762 |
2763 The most likely reason for this message is that the @samp{env} program | |
2764 is not properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture, | |
2765 and install it with @samp{a+x} permission in the architecture-dependent | |
2766 Emacs program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your | |
2767 site by inspecting the value of the variable @code{exec-directory} by | |
2768 typing @kbd{C-h v exec-directory @key{RET}}.) | |
2769 | |
2770 You should also check for other programs named @samp{env} in your path | |
2771 (e.g., SunOS has a program named @file{/usr/bin/env}). We don't | |
2772 understand why this can cause a failure and don't know a general | |
2773 solution for working around the problem in this case. | |
2774 | |
2775 The @samp{make clean} command will remove @samp{env} and other vital | |
2776 programs, so be careful when using it. | |
2777 | |
2778 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started | |
2779 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the | |
2780 xterm was later terminated. | |
2781 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2782 See also @samp{PROBLEMS} (in the @file{etc} subdirectory of the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2783 top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source) for other |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2784 possible causes of this message. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2785 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2786 @node Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Shell process exits abnormally, Bugs and problems |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2787 @section Why do I get an error message when I try to run @kbd{M-x shell}? |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2788 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2789 @cindex Shell Mode, and MS-Windows |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2790 @cindex @code{explicit-shell-file-name} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2791 On MS-Windows, this might happen because Emacs tries to look for the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2792 shell in a wrong place. The default file name @file{/bin/sh} is |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2793 usually incorrect for non-Unix systems. If you know where your shell |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2794 executable is, set the variable @code{explicit-shell-file-name} in |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2795 your @file{.emacs} file to point to its full file name, like this: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2796 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2797 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2798 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "d:/shells/bash.exe") |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2799 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2800 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2801 If you don't know what shell does Emacs use, try the @kbd{M-!} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2802 command; if that works, put the following line into your |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2803 @file{.emacs}: |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2804 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2805 @lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2806 (setq explicit-shell-file-name shell-file-name) |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2807 @end lisp |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2808 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2809 @cindex Antivirus programs, and Shell Mode |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2810 Some people have trouble with Shell Mode because of intrusive |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2811 antivirus software; disabling the resident antivirus program solves |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2812 the problems in those cases. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2813 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
2814 @node Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Bugs and problems |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2815 @section Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type @samp{emacs}? |
25474 | 2816 @cindex Termcap |
2817 @cindex Terminfo | |
2818 @cindex Emacs entries for termcap/terminfo | |
2819 | |
2820 The termcap entry for terminal type @samp{emacs} is ordinarily put in | |
2821 the @samp{TERMCAP} environment variable of subshells. It may help in | |
2822 certain situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an | |
2823 entry for @samp{emacs} to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a | |
2824 correct termcap entry for @samp{emacs}: | |
2825 | |
2826 @example | |
2827 emacs:tc=unknown: | |
2828 @end example | |
2829 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2830 To make a terminfo entry for @samp{emacs}, use @code{tic} or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2831 @code{captoinfo}. You need to generate |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2832 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. It may work to simply copy |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2833 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb} to @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. |
25474 | 2834 |
2835 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen | |
2836 programs in shell buffers. Use @kbd{M-x terminal-emulator} for that | |
2837 instead. | |
2838 | |
2839 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2840 change terminal type @samp{emacs} to type @samp{dumb} or @samp{unknown} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2841 in your shell start up file. @code{csh} users could put this in their |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2842 @file{.cshrc} files: |
25474 | 2843 |
2844 @example | |
2845 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb | |
2846 @end example | |
2847 | |
2848 @node Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems talking to certain hosts, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Bugs and problems | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2849 @section Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying @samp{I-search:} and beeping? |
25474 | 2850 @cindex Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode |
2851 @cindex isearch-mode, spontaneous entry into | |
2852 @cindex Beeping without obvious reason | |
2853 | |
2854 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is | |
2855 sending @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control, and Emacs is receiving | |
2856 these characters and interpreting them as commands. (The @kbd{C-s} | |
2857 character normally invokes the @code{isearch-forward} command.) For | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2858 possible solutions, see @ref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow control}. |
25474 | 2859 |
2860 @node Problems talking to certain hosts, Errors with init files, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Bugs and problems | |
2861 @section Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)? | |
2862 @cindex Hosts, Emacs cannot talk to | |
2863 @cindex @code{gethostbyname}, problematic version | |
2864 | |
2865 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of | |
2866 @code{gethostbyname} than the rest of the programs on the machine. This | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2867 is often manifested as a message on startup of ``X server not responding. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2868 Check your @samp{DISPLAY} environment variable.'' or a message of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2869 ``Unknown host'' from @code{open-network-stream}. |
25474 | 2870 |
2871 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C | |
2872 library. The version of @code{gethostbyname} in the static C library | |
2873 may only look in @file{/etc/hosts} and the NIS (YP) maps, while the | |
2874 version in the dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in | |
2875 addition to or instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V | |
2876 R3.6, the version of @code{gethostbyname} in the standard library works, | |
2877 but the one that works with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet). | |
2878 Other operating systems have similar problems. | |
2879 | |
2880 Try these options: | |
2881 | |
2882 @itemize @bullet | |
2883 | |
2884 @item | |
2885 Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to @file{/etc/hosts}. | |
2886 | |
2887 @item | |
2888 Relink Emacs with this line in @file{src/config.h}: | |
2889 | |
2890 @example | |
2891 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv | |
2892 @end example | |
2893 | |
2894 @item | |
2895 Replace @code{gethostbyname} and friends in @file{libc.a} with more | |
2896 useful versions such as the ones in @file{libresolv.a}. Then relink | |
2897 Emacs. | |
2898 | |
2899 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2900 If you are actually running NIS, make sure that @code{ypbind} is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2901 properly told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch. |
25474 | 2902 |
2903 @end itemize | |
2904 | |
2905 @node Errors with init files, Emacs ignores X resources, Problems talking to certain hosts, Bugs and problems | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
2906 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Error in init file}? |
25474 | 2907 @cindex Error in @file{.emacs} |
2908 @cindex Error in init file | |
2909 @cindex Init file, errors in | |
2910 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, errors in | |
2911 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file | |
2912 | |
2913 An error occurred while loading either your @file{.emacs} file or the | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2914 system-wide file @file{lisp/default.el}. Emacs 21.1 and later pops the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2915 @file{*Messages*} buffer, and puts there some additional information |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2916 about the error, to provide some hints for debugging. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2917 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2918 For information on how to debug your @file{.emacs} file, see |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2919 @ref{Debugging a customization file}. |
25474 | 2920 |
2921 It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a | |
2922 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case | |
2923 of this is explained in @ref{Terminal setup code works after Emacs has | |
2924 begun}. | |
2925 | |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
2926 @node Emacs ignores X resources, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Errors with init files, Bugs and problems |
25474 | 2927 @section Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)? |
2928 @cindex X resources being ignored | |
2929 @cindex Ignored X resources | |
2930 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults} | |
2931 | |
2932 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified | |
2933 by the following environment variables: | |
2934 | |
2935 @itemize @bullet | |
2936 | |
2937 @item @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} | |
2938 @item @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2939 @item @code{XAPPLRESDIR} |
25474 | 2940 |
2941 @end itemize | |
2942 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2943 This emulates the functionality provided by programs written using the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2944 Xt toolkit. |
25474 | 2945 |
2946 @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} and @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} should be a list | |
2947 of file names separated by colons. @code{XAPPLRESDIR} should be a list | |
2948 of directory names separated by colons. | |
2949 | |
2950 Emacs searches for X resources: | |
2951 | |
2952 @enumerate | |
2953 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2954 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2955 specified on the command line, with the @samp{-xrm RESOURCESTRING} option, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2956 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2957 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2958 then in the value of the @samp{XENVIRONMENT} environment variable, |
25474 | 2959 |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2960 @itemize @minus |
25474 | 2961 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2962 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2963 or if that is unset, in the file named |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2964 @file{~/.Xdefaults-@var{hostname}} if it exists (where @var{hostname} is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2965 the name of the machine Emacs is running on), |
25474 | 2966 |
2967 @end itemize | |
2968 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2969 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2970 then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties provided |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2971 by the server, |
25474 | 2972 |
2973 @itemize @minus | |
2974 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2975 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2976 or if those properties are unset, in the file named @file{~/.Xdefaults} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2977 if it exists, |
25474 | 2978 |
2979 @end itemize | |
2980 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2981 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2982 then in the files listed in @samp{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH}, |
25474 | 2983 |
2984 @itemize @minus | |
2985 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2986 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2987 or in files named @file{@var{lang}/Emacs} in directories listed in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2988 @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} (where @var{lang} is the value of the @code{LANG} |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2989 environment variable), if the @samp{LANG} environment variable is set, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2990 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2991 or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2992 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2993 or in @file{~/@var{lang}/Emacs} (if the @code{LANG} environment variable |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2994 is set), |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
2995 @item |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
2996 or in @file{~/Emacs}, |
25474 | 2997 |
2998 @end itemize | |
2999 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3000 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3001 then in the files listed in @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}. |
25474 | 3002 |
3003 @end enumerate | |
3004 | |
36301
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3005 @node Emacs ignores frame parameters, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Emacs ignores X resources, Bugs and problems |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3006 @section Why don't my customizations of the frame parameters work? |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3007 @cindex Frame parameters |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3008 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3009 This probably happens because you have set the frame parameters in the |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3010 variable @code{initial-frame-alist}. That variable holds parameters |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3011 used only for the first frame created when Emacs starts. To customize |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3012 the parameters of all frames, change the variable |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3013 @code{default-frame-alist} instead. |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3014 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3015 These two variables exist because many users customize the initial frame |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3016 in a special way. For example, you could determine the position and |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3017 size of the initial frame, but would like to control the geometry of the |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3018 other frames by individually positioning each one of them. |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3019 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3020 |
3c4384777d5a
(Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35651
diff
changeset
|
3021 @node Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Editing files with $ in the name, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Bugs and problems |
25474 | 3022 @section Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file? |
3023 @cindex Visiting files takes a long time | |
3024 @cindex Delay when visiting files | |
3025 @cindex Files, take a long time to visit | |
3026 | |
3027 Old versions of Emacs (i.e., versions before Emacs 20.x) often | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3028 encountered this when the master lock file, @file{!!!SuperLock!!!}, has |
25474 | 3029 been left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it. |
3030 | |
3031 @email{meuer@@geom.umn.edu, Mark Meuer} says that NeXT NFS has a bug | |
3032 where an exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This | |
3033 can cause the same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work | |
3034 over NFS anyway, the best solution is to recompile Emacs with | |
3035 @code{CLASH_DETECTION} undefined. | |
3036 | |
3037 @node Editing files with $ in the name, Shell mode loses the current directory, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Bugs and problems | |
3038 @section How do I edit a file with a @samp{$} in its name? | |
3039 @cindex Editing files with @samp{$} in the name | |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3040 @cindex @samp{$} in file names |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3041 @cindex File names containing @samp{$}, editing |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3042 |
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3043 When entering a file name in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand |
25474 | 3044 a @samp{$} followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress |
3045 this behavior, type @kbd{$$} instead. | |
3046 | |
3047 @node Shell mode loses the current directory, Security risks with Emacs, Editing files with $ in the name, Bugs and problems | |
3048 @section Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory? | |
3049 @cindex Current directory and @code{shell-mode} | |
3050 @cindex @code{shell-mode} and current directory | |
3051 @cindex Directory, current in @code{shell-mode} | |
3052 | |
3053 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its | |
3054 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3055 guess by recognizing @samp{cd} commands. If you type @kbd{cd} followed |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3056 by a directory name with a variable reference (@kbd{cd $HOME/bin}) or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3057 with a shell metacharacter (@kbd{cd ../lib*}), Emacs will fail to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3058 correctly guess the shell's new current directory. A huge variety of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3059 fixes and enhancements to shell mode for this problem have been written |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3060 to handle this problem (@pxref{Finding a package with particular |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3061 functionality}). |
25474 | 3062 |
3063 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command | |
3064 @kbd{M-x dirs}. | |
3065 | |
3066 @node Security risks with Emacs, Dired claims that no file is on this line, Shell mode loses the current directory, Bugs and problems | |
3067 @section Are there any security risks in Emacs? | |
3068 @cindex Security with Emacs | |
3069 @cindex @samp{movemail} and security | |
3070 @cindex @code{file-local-variable} and security | |
3071 @cindex Synthetic X events and security | |
3072 @cindex X events and security | |
3073 | |
3074 @itemize @bullet | |
3075 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3076 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3077 The @file{movemail} incident. (No, this is not a risk.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3078 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3079 In his book @cite{The Cuckoo's Egg}, Cliff Stoll describes this in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3080 chapter 4. The site at LBL had installed the @file{/etc/movemail} |
25474 | 3081 program setuid root. (As of version 19, @file{movemail} is in your |
3082 architecture-specific directory; type @kbd{C-h v exec-directory | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3083 @key{RET}} to see what it is.) Since @code{movemail} had not been |
25474 | 3084 designed for this situation, a security hole was created and users could |
3085 get root privileges. | |
3086 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3087 @code{movemail} has since been changed so that this security hole will |
25474 | 3088 not exist, even if it is installed setuid root. However, |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3089 @code{movemail} no longer needs to be installed setuid root, which |
25474 | 3090 should eliminate this particular risk. |
3091 | |
3092 We have heard unverified reports that the 1988 Internet worm took | |
3093 advantage of this configuration problem. | |
3094 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3095 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3096 The @code{file-local-variable} feature. (Yes, a risk, but easy to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3097 change.) |
25474 | 3098 |
3099 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for | |
3100 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text near | |
3101 the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to have | |
3102 arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited. | |
3103 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this | |
3104 feature. | |
3105 | |
3106 Emacs 18 allowed this feature by default; users could disable it by | |
56279
b1ae5333057a
* ses.texi, viper.texi, search.texi, flymake.texi, faq.texi:
Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>
parents:
55201
diff
changeset
|
3107 setting the variable @code{inhibit-local-variables} to a non-@code{nil} value. |
25474 | 3108 |
3109 As of Emacs 19, Emacs has a list of local variables that create a | |
3110 security risk. If a file tries to set one of them, it asks the user to | |
3111 confirm whether the variables should be set. You can also tell Emacs | |
3112 whether to allow the evaluation of Emacs Lisp code found at the bottom | |
3113 of files by setting the variable @code{enable-local-eval}. | |
3114 | |
3115 For more information, @inforef{File Variables, File Variables, emacs}. | |
3116 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3117 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3118 Synthetic X events. (Yes, a risk; use @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1} or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3119 better.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3120 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3121 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the @code{SendEvent} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3122 request as though they were regular events. As a result, if you are |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3123 using the trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X |
25474 | 3124 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do |
3125 anything, including run other processes with your privileges. | |
3126 | |
3127 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open | |
3128 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real | |
3129 authentication mechanism, such as @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. If using | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3130 the @code{xauth} program has any effect, then you are probably using |
25474 | 3131 @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. Your site may be using a superior |
3132 authentication method; ask your system administrator. | |
3133 | |
3134 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by | |
3135 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X | |
3136 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by | |
3137 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but | |
3138 @emph{does not eliminate the risk}. | |
3139 | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
3140 On most computers running Unix and X, you enable and disable |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3141 access using the @code{xhost} command. To allow all hosts access to |
25474 | 3142 your X server, use |
3143 | |
3144 @example | |
3145 xhost + | |
3146 @end example | |
3147 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3148 @noindent |
25474 | 3149 at the shell prompt, which (on an HP machine, at least) produces the |
3150 following message: | |
3151 | |
3152 @example | |
3153 access control disabled, clients can connect from any host | |
3154 @end example | |
3155 | |
3156 To deny all hosts access to your X server (except those explicitly | |
3157 allowed by name), use | |
3158 | |
3159 @example | |
3160 xhost - | |
3161 @end example | |
3162 | |
3163 On the test HP computer, this command generated the following message: | |
3164 | |
3165 @example | |
3166 access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect | |
3167 @end example | |
3168 | |
3169 @end itemize | |
3170 | |
3171 @node Dired claims that no file is on this line, , Security risks with Emacs, Bugs and problems | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3172 @section Dired says, @samp{no file on this line} when I try to do something. |
25474 | 3173 @cindex Dired does not see a file |
3174 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3175 @c FIXME: I think this is fixed in Emacs 21, but I didn't have time to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3176 @c check. |
25474 | 3177 Chances are you're using a localized version of Unix that doesn't use US |
3178 date format in dired listings. You can check this by looking at dired | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3179 listings or by typing @kbd{ls -l} to a shell and looking at the dates that |
25474 | 3180 come out. |
3181 | |
3182 Dired uses a regular expression to find the beginning of a file name. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3183 In a long Unix-style directory listing (@samp{ls -l}), the file name |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3184 starts after the date. The regexp has thus been written to look for the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3185 date, the format of which can vary on non-US systems. |
25474 | 3186 |
3187 There are two approaches to solving this. The first one involves | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3188 setting things up so that @samp{ls -l} outputs US date format. This can |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3189 be done by setting the locale. See your OS manual for more information. |
25474 | 3190 |
3191 The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by | |
66325
fda96ff4c7e5
* files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
65041
diff
changeset
|
3192 dired, @code{directory-listing-before-filename-regexp}. |
25474 | 3193 |
3194 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
3195 @node Compiling and installing Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages, Bugs and problems, Top | |
3196 @chapter Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3197 @cindex Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3198 | |
3199 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3200 * Installing Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3201 * Updating Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3202 * Problems building Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3203 * Linking with -lX11 fails:: |
25474 | 3204 @end menu |
3205 | |
3206 @node Installing Emacs, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3207 @section How do I install Emacs? | |
3208 @cindex Installing Emacs | |
3209 @cindex Unix systems, installing Emacs on | |
3210 @cindex Downloading and installing Emacs | |
3211 @cindex Retrieving and installing Emacs | |
3212 @cindex Building Emacs from source | |
3213 @cindex Source code, building Emacs from | |
3214 @cindex Unpacking and installing Emacs | |
3215 | |
3216 This answer is meant for users of Unix and Unix-like systems. Users of | |
3217 other operating systems should see the series of questions beginning | |
3218 with @ref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, which describe where to get non-Unix source | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3219 and binaries, and how to install Emacs on those systems. |
25474 | 3220 |
3221 For Unix and Unix-like systems, the easiest way is often to compile it | |
3222 from scratch. You will need: | |
3223 | |
3224 @itemize @bullet | |
3225 | |
3226 @item | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3227 Emacs sources. @xref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of ftp sites |
25474 | 3228 that make them available. On @file{ftp.gnu.org}, the main GNU |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3229 distribution site, sources are available as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3230 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3231 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz} |
25474 | 3232 |
3233 The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For | |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3234 instance, when Emacs 22.42 is released, it will most probably be |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3235 available as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3236 |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3237 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-22.42.tar.gz} |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3238 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3239 Again, you should use one of the GNU mirror sites (see @ref{Current GNU |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3240 distributions}, and adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on |
25474 | 3241 @file{ftp.gnu.org}. |
3242 | |
3243 @item | |
3244 @code{gzip}, the GNU compression utility. You can get @code{gzip} via | |
3245 anonymous ftp at mirrors of @file{ftp.gnu.org} sites; it should compile | |
3246 and install without much trouble on most systems. Once you have | |
3247 retrieved the Emacs sources, you will probably be able to uncompress | |
3248 them with the command | |
3249 | |
3250 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3251 gunzip --verbose emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz |
25474 | 3252 @end example |
3253 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3254 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3255 changing the Emacs version (@value{VER}), as necessary. Once |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3256 @code{gunzip} has finished doing its job, a file by the name of |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3257 @file{emacs-@value{VER}.tar} should be in your build directory. |
25474 | 3258 |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3259 @item |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3260 @code{tar}, the @dfn{tape archiving} program, which moves multiple files |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3261 into and out of archive files, or @dfn{tarfiles}. All of the files |
25474 | 3262 comprising the Emacs source come in a single tarfile, and must be |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3263 extracted using @code{tar} before you can build Emacs. Typically, the |
25474 | 3264 extraction command would look like |
3265 | |
3266 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3267 tar -xvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar |
25474 | 3268 @end example |
3269 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3270 @noindent |
25474 | 3271 The @samp{x} indicates that we want to extract files from this tarfile, |
3272 the two @samp{v}s force verbose output, and the @samp{f} tells | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3273 @code{tar} to use a disk file, rather than one on the tape drive. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3274 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3275 If you're using GNU @code{tar} (available at mirrors of |
25474 | 3276 @file{ftp.gnu.org}), you can combine this step and the previous one by |
3277 using the command | |
3278 | |
3279 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3280 tar -zxvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz |
25474 | 3281 @end example |
3282 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3283 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3284 The additional @samp{z} at the beginning of the options list tells GNU |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3285 @code{tar} to uncompress the file with @code{gunzip} before extracting |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3286 the tarfile's components. |
25474 | 3287 |
3288 @end itemize | |
3289 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3290 At this point, the Emacs sources (all 70+ megabytes of them) should be |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3291 sitting in a directory called @file{emacs-@value{VER}}. On most common |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3292 Unix and Unix-like systems, you should be able to compile Emacs (with X |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3293 Window system support) with the following commands: |
25474 | 3294 |
3295 @example | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3296 cd emacs-@value{VER} # change directory to emacs-@value{VER} |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3297 ./configure # configure Emacs for your particular system |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3298 make # use Makefile to build components, then Emacs |
25474 | 3299 @end example |
3300 | |
3301 If the @code{make} completes successfully, the odds are fairly good that | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3302 the build has gone well. (@xref{Problems building Emacs}, if you weren't |
25474 | 3303 successful.) |
3304 | |
3305 By default, Emacs is installed in the following directories: | |
3306 | |
3307 @table @file | |
3308 @item /usr/local/bin | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3309 binaries. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3310 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3311 @item /usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3312 Lisp code and support files. |
25474 | 3313 |
3314 @item /usr/local/info | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3315 Info documentation. |
25474 | 3316 @end table |
3317 | |
3318 To install files in those default directories, become the superuser and | |
3319 type | |
3320 | |
3321 @example | |
3322 make install | |
3323 @end example | |
3324 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3325 Note that @samp{make install} will overwrite @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} |
25474 | 3326 and any Emacs Info files that might be in @file{/usr/local/info}. |
3327 | |
3328 Much more verbose instructions (with many more hints and suggestions) | |
3329 come with the Emacs sources, in the file @file{INSTALL}. | |
3330 | |
3331 @node Updating Emacs, Problems building Emacs, Installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3332 @section How do I update Emacs to the latest version? | |
3333 @cindex Updating Emacs | |
3334 | |
3335 @xref{Installing Emacs}, and follow the instructions there for | |
3336 installation. | |
3337 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3338 Most files are placed in version-specific directories. Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3339 @value{VER}, for instance, places files in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3340 @file{/usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}}. |
25474 | 3341 |
3342 Upgrading should overwrite only, @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} (the Emacs | |
3343 binary) and documentation in @file{/usr/local/info}. Back up these | |
3344 files before you upgrade, and you shouldn't have too much trouble. | |
3345 | |
3346 @node Problems building Emacs, Linking with -lX11 fails, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3347 @section What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs? | |
3348 @cindex Problems building Emacs | |
3349 @cindex Errors when building Emacs | |
3350 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3351 First look in the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} (where you unpack the Emacs |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3352 source) to see if there is already a solution for your problem. Next, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3353 look for other questions in this FAQ that have to do with Emacs |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3354 installation and compilation problems. |
25474 | 3355 |
3356 If you'd like to have someone look at your problem and help solve it, | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3357 see @ref{Help installing Emacs}. |
25474 | 3358 |
3359 If you cannot find a solution in the documentation, send a message to | |
3360 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. | |
3361 | |
37806 | 3362 Please don't post it to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} or send e-mail to |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3363 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. For further guidelines, see |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3364 @ref{Guidelines for newsgroup postings} and @ref{Reporting bugs}. |
25474 | 3365 |
3366 @node Linking with -lX11 fails, , Problems building Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs | |
3367 @section Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail? | |
3368 @cindex Linking with -lX11 fails | |
3369 @cindex lX11, linking fails with | |
3370 | |
3371 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library, | |
3372 @file{libX11.a}. This may be missing. | |
3373 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3374 On OpenWindows, you may need to use @code{add_services} to add the |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3375 ``OpenWindows Programmers'' optional software category from the CD-ROM. |
25474 | 3376 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3377 On HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run @code{update} again to load the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3378 X11-PRG ``fileset''. This may be missing even if you specified ``all |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3379 filesets'' the first time. If @file{libcurses.a} is missing, you may |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3380 need to load the ``Berkeley Development Option.'' |
25474 | 3381 |
3382 @email{zoo@@armadillo.com, David Zuhn} says that MIT X builds shared | |
3383 libraries by default, and only shared libraries, on those platforms that | |
3384 support them. These shared libraries can't be used when undumping | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3385 @code{temacs} (the last stage of the Emacs build process). To get |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3386 regular libraries in addition to shared libraries, add this to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3387 @file{site.cf}: |
25474 | 3388 |
3389 @example | |
3390 #define ForceNormalLib YES | |
3391 @end example | |
3392 | |
3393 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3394 @code{CANNOT_DUMP} and link with the shared libraries instead. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3395 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3396 @cindex X Menus don't work |
25474 | 3397 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's |
3398 @file{liboldX.a}. | |
3399 | |
3400 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
3401 @node Finding Emacs and related packages, Major packages and programs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Top | |
3402 @chapter Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3403 @cindex Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3404 | |
3405 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3406 * Finding Emacs on the Internet:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3407 * Finding a package with particular functionality:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3408 * Packages that do not come with Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3409 * Current GNU distributions:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3410 * Difference between Emacs and XEmacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3411 * Emacs for MS-DOS:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3412 * Emacs for Windows:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3413 * Emacs for OS/2:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3414 * Emacs for Atari ST:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3415 * Emacs for the Amiga :: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3416 * Emacs for NeXTSTEP:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3417 * Emacs for Apple computers:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3418 * Emacs for VMS and DECwindows:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3419 * Modes for various languages:: |
25474 | 3420 @end menu |
3421 | |
3422 @node Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3423 @section Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)? | |
3424 @cindex Finding Emacs on the Internet | |
3425 @cindex Snail mail, ordering Emacs via | |
3426 @cindex Postal service, ordering Emacs via | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3427 @cindex Distribution, retrieving Emacs |
46918
82d113655734
Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents:
46655
diff
changeset
|
3428 @cindex Internet, retrieving from |
25474 | 3429 |
51449
352a8000c437
Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50954
diff
changeset
|
3430 Look in the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for |
352a8000c437
Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50954
diff
changeset
|
3431 information on nearby archive sites. If you don't already have Emacs, |
352a8000c437
Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
50954
diff
changeset
|
3432 see @ref{Informational files for Emacs}, for how to get these files. |
25474 | 3433 |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3434 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on how to obtain and build the latest |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3435 version of Emacs, and see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of |
25474 | 3436 archive sites that make GNU software available. |
3437 | |
3438 @node Finding a package with particular functionality, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3439 @section How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX? | |
3440 @cindex Package, finding | |
3441 @cindex Finding an Emacs Lisp package | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3442 @cindex Functionality, finding a particular package |
25474 | 3443 |
3444 First of all, you should check to make sure that the package isn't | |
3445 already available. For example, typing @kbd{M-x apropos @key{RET} | |
3446 wordstar @key{RET}} lists all functions and variables containing the | |
3447 string @samp{wordstar}. | |
3448 | |
3449 It is also possible that the package is on your system, but has not been | |
3450 loaded. To see which packages are available for loading, look through | |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3451 your computer's lisp directory (@pxref{File-name conventions}). The Lisp |
36344
6c3540ec3c12
(Finding a package with particular functionality):
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
36301
diff
changeset
|
3452 source to most packages contains a short description of how they |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3453 should be loaded, invoked, and configured---so before you use or |
25474 | 3454 modify a Lisp package, see if the author has provided any hints in the |
3455 source code. | |
3456 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3457 The command @kbd{C-h p} (@code{finder-by-keyword}) allows you to browse |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3458 the constituent Emacs packages. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3459 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3460 For advice on how to find extra packages that are not part of Emacs, |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3461 see @ref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3462 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3463 @node Packages that do not come with Emacs, Current GNU distributions, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages |
25474 | 3464 @section Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs? |
3465 @cindex Unbundled packages | |
3466 @cindex Finding other packages | |
3467 @cindex Lisp packages that do not come with Emacs | |
3468 @cindex Packages, those that do not come with Emacs | |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3469 @cindex Emacs Lisp List |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3470 @cindex Emacs Lisp Archive |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3471 |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3472 @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.html, The Emacs Lisp |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3473 List (ELL)}, maintained by @email{stephen@@anc.ed.ac.uk, Stephen Eglen}, |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3474 aims to provide one compact list with links to all of the current Emacs |
55201 | 3475 Lisp files on the internet. The ELL can be browsed over the web, or |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3476 from Emacs with @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.el, |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3477 the @file{ell} package}. |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3478 |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3479 Many authors post their packages to the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.sources, |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3480 Emacs sources newsgroup}. You can search the archives of this |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3481 group with @uref{http://groups.google.com, Google}, for example. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3482 |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3483 Several packages are stored in |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3484 @uref{http://emacswiki.org/elisp/, the Lisp area of the Emacs Wiki}. |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3485 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3486 For a long time, the Emacs Lisp Archive provided a central repository |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3487 for Emacs packages. Sadly, it has not been active for some time, |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3488 although you can still access the old files at |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3489 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3490 @uref{ftp://ftp.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/WWW/index.html} |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3491 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3492 @node Current GNU distributions, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages |
25474 | 3493 @section Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff? |
3494 @cindex Current GNU distributions | |
3495 @cindex Sources for current GNU distributions | |
3496 @cindex Stuff, current GNU | |
3497 @cindex Up-to-date GNU stuff | |
3498 @cindex Finding current GNU software | |
3499 @cindex Official GNU software sites | |
3500 | |
3501 The most up-to-date official GNU software is normally kept at | |
3502 | |
3503 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu} | |
3504 | |
3505 Read the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for more | |
3506 information. | |
3507 | |
3508 A list of sites mirroring @samp{ftp.gnu.org} can be found at | |
3509 | |
3510 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html} | |
3511 | |
3512 @node Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Emacs for MS-DOS, Current GNU distributions, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3513 @section What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly Lucid Emacs)? |
25474 | 3514 @cindex XEmacs |
3515 @cindex Difference Emacs and XEmacs | |
3516 @cindex Lucid Emacs | |
3517 @cindex Epoch | |
3518 | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3519 XEmacs is a branch version of Emacs. It was first called Lucid Emacs, |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3520 and was initially derived from a prerelease version of Emacs 19. In |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3521 this FAQ, we use the name ``Emacs'' only for the official version. |
56795
8dc694fe14f2
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56757
diff
changeset
|
3522 |
8dc694fe14f2
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56757
diff
changeset
|
3523 Emacs and XEmacs each come with Lisp packages that are lacking in the |
8dc694fe14f2
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs): Rewrite.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56757
diff
changeset
|
3524 other. The two versions have some significant differences at the Lisp |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3525 programming level. Their current features are roughly comparable, |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3526 though the support for some operating systems, character sets and |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3527 specific packages might be quite different. |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3528 |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3529 Some XEmacs code has been contributed to Emacs, and we would like to |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3530 use other parts, but the earlier XEmacs maintainers did not always |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3531 keep track of the authors of contributed code, which makes it |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3532 impossible for the FSF to get copyright papers signed for that code. |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3533 (The FSF requires these papers for all the code included in the Emacs |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3534 release, aside from generic C support packages that retain their |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3535 separate identity and are not integrated into the code of Emacs |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3536 proper.) |
56802
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3537 |
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3538 If you want to talk about these two versions and distinguish them, |
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3539 please call them ``Emacs'' and ``XEmacs.'' To contrast ``XEmacs'' |
f306b2e60578
(Difference between Emacs and XEmacs):
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56795
diff
changeset
|
3540 with ``GNU Emacs'' would be misleading, since XEmacs too has its |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3541 origin in the work of the GNU Project. Terms such as ``Emacsen'' and |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3542 ``(X)Emacs'' are not wrong, but they are not very clear, so it |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3543 is better to write ``Emacs and XEmacs.'' |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3544 |
25474 | 3545 @node Emacs for MS-DOS, Emacs for Windows, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Finding Emacs and related packages |
3546 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS? | |
3547 @cindex MS-DOS, Emacs for | |
3548 @cindex DOS, Emacs for | |
3549 @cindex Compiling Emacs for DOS | |
3550 @cindex Emacs for MS-DOS | |
3551 @cindex Tools needed to compile Emacs under DOS | |
3552 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3553 A pre-built binary distribution of Emacs is available from the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3554 SimTel.NET archives. This version apparently works under MS-DOS and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3555 Windows (3.X, 9X, ME, NT, and 2000) and supports long file names under |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3556 Windows 9X, Windows ME, and Windows 2000. More information is available |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3557 from |
25474 | 3558 |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3559 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/emacs.README} |
25474 | 3560 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3561 The binary itself is available in the files @file{em*.zip} in the |
25474 | 3562 directory |
3563 | |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3564 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu/} |
25474 | 3565 |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3566 If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you can do so with the |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3567 current distribution directly. You will need a 386 (or |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3568 better) processor, and to be running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. According to |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3569 @email{eliz@@gnu.org, Eli Zaretskii} and |
25474 | 3570 @email{hankedr@@dms.auburn.edu, Darrel Hankerson}, you will need the |
3571 following: | |
3572 | |
3573 @table @emph | |
3574 | |
3575 @item Compiler | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3576 DJGPP version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp 2.0 or later is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3577 recommended, since 1.x is very old an unmaintained. Djgpp 2 supports |
36383
d26ad6e1f13f
Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36344
diff
changeset
|
3578 long file names on Windows 9X/ME/2K. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3579 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3580 You can get the latest release of DJGPP by retrieving all of |
25474 | 3581 the files in |
3582 | |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3583 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2*} |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3584 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3585 @item Unpacking program |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3586 The easiest way is to use @code{djtar} which comes with DJGPP v2.x, |
25474 | 3587 because it can open gzip'ed tarfiles (i.e., those ending with |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3588 @file{.tar.gz}) in one step. @code{Djtar} comes in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3589 @file{djdev@var{nnn}.zip} archive (where @var{nnn} is the DJGPP version |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3590 number), from the URL mentioned above. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3591 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3592 @strong{Warning!} Do @strong{not} use the popular WinZip program to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3593 unpack the Emacs distribution! WinZip is known to corrupt some of the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3594 files by converting them to the DOS CR-LF format, it doesn't always |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3595 preserve the directory structure recorded in the compressed Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3596 archive, and commits other atrocities. Some of these problems could |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3597 actually prevent Emacs from building successfully! |
25474 | 3598 |
3599 @item make, mv, sed, and rm | |
3600 All of these utilities are available at | |
3601 | |
56833
3e8b1ce2675a
(Emacs for MS-DOS): Update URLs for the MS-DOS port of
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
56817
diff
changeset
|
3602 @uref{ftp://ftp.delorie.com/pub/djgpp/current/v2gnu} |
25474 | 3603 |
3604 16-bit utilities can be found in GNUish, at | |
3605 | |
48785 | 3606 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnuish/} |
25474 | 3607 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3608 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3609 (@code{mv} and @code{rm} are in the Fileutils package, @code{sed} and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3610 @code{make} are each one in a separate package named after them.) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3611 |
25474 | 3612 @end table |
3613 | |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3614 The files @file{INSTALL} (near its end) and @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3615 directory of the Emacs sources contains some additional information |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3616 regarding Emacs under MS-DOS. |
25474 | 3617 |
3618 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
3619 look-alikes), consult the list of ``Emacs implementations and literature,'' |
25474 | 3620 available at |
3621 | |
3622 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} | |
3623 | |
3624 Note that while many of these programs look similar to Emacs, they often | |
3625 lack certain features, such as the Emacs Lisp extension language. | |
3626 | |
3627 @node Emacs for Windows, Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for MS-DOS, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
3628 @section Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows? |
25474 | 3629 @cindex FAQ for NT Emacs |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3630 @cindex Emacs for MS-Windows |
25474 | 3631 @cindex Microsoft Windows, Emacs for |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3632 @cindex Windows 9X, ME, NT, 2K, and CE, Emacs for |
25474 | 3633 |
3634 For information on Emacs for Windows 95 and NT, read the FAQ produced by | |
3635 @email{voelker@@cs.washington.edu, Geoff Voelker}, available at | |
3636 | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3637 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html} |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3638 |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
3639 @xref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, for Windows 3.1. |
25474 | 3640 |
36977
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3641 A port of Emacs 20.7 for Windows CE, based on NTEmacs, is available at |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3642 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3643 @uref{http://www.rainer-keuchel.de/software.html} |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3644 |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3645 @noindent |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3646 This port was done by @email{coyxc@@rainer-keuchel.de, Rainer Keuchel}, |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3647 and supports all Emacs features except async subprocesses and menus. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3648 You will need MSVC 6.0 and a Windows CE SDK to build this port. |
cd1988377f17
(Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36842
diff
changeset
|
3649 |
25474 | 3650 @node Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for Windows, Finding Emacs and related packages |
3651 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2? | |
3652 @cindex OS/2, Emacs for | |
3653 | |
35061
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3654 Emacs 20.6 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1, and is available at |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3655 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3656 @uref{ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/apps/editors/emacs/e206*.zip} |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3657 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3658 @noindent |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3659 and also at |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3660 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3661 @uref{http://archiv.leo.org/pub/comp/os/os2/leo/gnu/emacs%2d20/} |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3662 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3663 Instructions for installation, basic setup, and other useful information |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3664 for OS/2 users of Emacs can be found at |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3665 |
55713e74f1aa
Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34922
diff
changeset
|
3666 @uref{http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~oheiabbd/emacs/emacs206-os2.html} |
25474 | 3667 |
3668 @node Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for OS/2, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3669 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST? | |
3670 @cindex Atari ST, Emacs for | |
3671 @cindex TOS, Emacs for | |
3672 | |
68836
f410cdb3c7e1
(Emacs for Atari ST): use Sch@"auble instead of
Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org>
parents:
68735
diff
changeset
|
3673 Roland Sch@"auble reports that Emacs 18.58 running on plain TOS and MiNT |
25474 | 3674 is available at |
3675 @uref{ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Editors/Emacs-18-58/1858b-d3.zoo}. | |
3676 | |
3677 @node Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Atari ST, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3678 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga? | |
3679 @cindex Amiga, Emacs for | |
3680 | |
3681 The files you need are available at | |
3682 | |
3683 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/} | |
3684 | |
3685 @email{dgilbert@@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org, David Gilbert} has released a | |
3686 beta version of Emacs 19.25 for the Amiga. You can get the binary at | |
3687 | |
3688 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/a2.0bEmacs-bin.lha} | |
3689 | |
3690 @node Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for the Amiga , Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3691 @section Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP? | |
3692 @cindex NeXTSTEP, Emacs for | |
3693 | |
3694 Emacs.app is a NeXTSTEP version of Emacs 19.34 which supports colors, | |
3695 menus, and multiple frames. You can get it from | |
3696 | |
3697 @uref{ftp://next-ftp.peak.org/pub/next/apps/emacs/Emacs_for_NeXTstep.4.20a1.NIHS.b.tar.gz} | |
3698 | |
3699 @node Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3700 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer? | |
3701 @cindex Apple computers, Emacs for | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3702 @cindex Macintosh, Emacs for |
25474 | 3703 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3704 Beginning with version 21.1, the Macintosh is supported in the official |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3705 Emacs distribution; see the files @file{mac/README} and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3706 @file{mac/INSTALL} in the Emacs distribution for build instructions. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3707 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
3708 Beginning with version 22.1, Emacs supports Mac OS X natively. |
25474 | 3709 |
3710 @node Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Modes for various languages, Emacs for Apple computers, Finding Emacs and related packages | |
3711 @section Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows? | |
3712 @cindex DECwindows, Emacs for | |
3713 @cindex VMS, Emacs for | |
3714 | |
3715 Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is | |
3716 available at @uref{http://vms.gnu.org/}. | |
3717 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
3718 @node Modes for various languages, , Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Finding Emacs and related packages |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3719 @section Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, csh, C@t{++}, Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk? |
25474 | 3720 @cindex Awk, mode for |
3721 @cindex @code{awk-mode} | |
3722 @cindex Bison, mode for | |
3723 @cindex Bourne Shell, mode for | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3724 @cindex C@t{++}, mode for |
25474 | 3725 @cindex Java, mode for |
3726 @cindex Lex mode | |
3727 @cindex Objective-C, mode for | |
3728 @cindex @code{pascal-mode} | |
3729 @cindex Shell mode | |
3730 @cindex Yacc mode | |
3731 @cindex @file{csh} mode | |
3732 @cindex @code{sh-mode} | |
3733 @cindex @code{cc-mode} | |
3734 | |
3735 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution. | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3736 To get additional modes, see @ref{Finding a package with particular |
59996
aac0a33f5772
Change release version from 21.4 to 22.1 throughout.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59713
diff
changeset
|
3737 functionality}. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3738 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3739 Barry Warsaw's @code{cc-mode} now works for C, C@t{++}, Objective-C, and |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3740 Java code. It is distributed with Emacs, but has |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
3741 @uref{http://cc-mode.sourceforge.net/, its own homepage}. |
25474 | 3742 |
3743 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
3744 @node Major packages and programs, Key bindings, Finding Emacs and related packages, Top | |
3745 @chapter Major packages and programs | |
3746 @cindex Major packages and programs | |
3747 | |
3748 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3749 * VM:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3750 * Supercite:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3751 * Calc:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3752 * VIPER:: |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3753 * AUCTeX:: |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3754 * BBDB:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3755 * Ispell:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3756 * w3-mode:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3757 * EDB:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3758 * Mailcrypt:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3759 * JDE:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
3760 * Patch:: |
25474 | 3761 @end menu |
3762 | |
3763 @node VM, Supercite, Major packages and programs, Major packages and programs | |
3764 @section VM (View Mail) --- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support | |
3765 @cindex VM | |
3766 @cindex Alternative mail software | |
3767 @cindex View Mail | |
3768 @cindex E-mail reader, VM | |
3769 | |
3770 @table @b | |
3771 | |
3772 @item Author | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3773 @email{kyle_jones@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones} |
25474 | 3774 |
3775 @item Latest version | |
68657
e0aafc27ed28
(VM): VM now at version 7.19.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
68639
diff
changeset
|
3776 7.19 |
25474 | 3777 |
3778 @item Distribution | |
3779 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/vm.tar.gz} | |
3780 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3781 @item Informational newsgroup |
25474 | 3782 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.info}@* |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3783 |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3784 @item Bug reports newsgroup |
25474 | 3785 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.bug}@* |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3786 Or send reports to @email{bug-vm@@wonderworks.com} |
25474 | 3787 @end table |
3788 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3789 VM 7 works well with Emacs 21. Older versions of VM suitable for use |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3790 with older versions of Emacs are available from |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3791 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/, the same FTP site}. |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3792 |
25474 | 3793 |
3794 @node Supercite, Calc, VM, Major packages and programs | |
3795 @section Supercite --- mail and news citation package within Emacs | |
3796 @cindex Supercite | |
3797 @cindex Superyank | |
3798 @cindex Mail and news citations | |
3799 @cindex News and mail citations | |
3800 @cindex Citations in mail and news | |
3801 | |
3802 @table @b | |
3803 | |
3804 @item Author | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3805 @email{barry@@python.org, Barry Warsaw} |
25474 | 3806 |
3807 @item Latest version | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3808 3.54 (comes bundled with Emacs since version 20) |
25474 | 3809 |
3810 @item Distribution | |
3811 @uref{http://www.python.org/emacs/supercite.tar.gz} | |
3812 | |
3813 @item Mailing list | |
3814 Subscription requests to @email{supercite-request@@python.org}@* | |
3815 Submissions @email{supercite@@python.org} | |
3816 | |
3817 @end table | |
3818 | |
3819 Superyank is an old version of Supercite. | |
3820 | |
3821 @node Calc, VIPER, Supercite, Major packages and programs | |
3822 @section Calc --- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs | |
3823 @cindex Programmable calculator | |
3824 @cindex Calc | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3825 @cindex Mathematical package |
25474 | 3826 |
3827 @table @b | |
3828 | |
3829 @item Author | |
3830 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, Dave Gillespie} | |
3831 | |
3832 @item Latest version | |
67543
afe4c3f8dfeb
(Calc): Update the version number.
Jay Belanger <jay.p.belanger@gmail.com>
parents:
67483
diff
changeset
|
3833 2.1 (part of Emacs since version 22.1) |
25474 | 3834 |
3835 @item Distribution | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3836 No separate distribution outside of Emacs. Older versions |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3837 are available at @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/calc/}. |
25474 | 3838 |
3839 @end table | |
3840 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3841 Note that Calc 2.02f needs patching to work with Emacs 21 and later. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3842 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3843 @cindex @code{calculator}, a package |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3844 Emacs 21.1 and later comes with a package called @file{calculator.el}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3845 It doesn't support all the mathematical wizardry offered by Calc, such |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3846 as matrices, special functions, and statistics, but is more than |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3847 adequate as a replacement for @code{xcalc} and similar programs. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3848 |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3849 @node VIPER, AUCTeX, Calc, Major packages and programs |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3850 @section VIPER --- @code{vi} emulation for Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3851 @cindex @code{vi} emulation |
25474 | 3852 @cindex VIPER |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3853 @cindex Emulation of @code{vi} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3854 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3855 Since Emacs 19.29, the preferred @code{vi} emulation in Emacs is VIPER |
25474 | 3856 (@kbd{M-x viper-mode @key{RET}}), which comes with Emacs. It extends |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3857 and supersedes VIP (including VIP 4.3) and provides @code{vi} emulation |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3858 at several levels, from one that closely follows @code{vi} to one that |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3859 departs from @code{vi} in several significant ways. |
25474 | 3860 |
3861 For Emacs 19.28 and earlier, the following version of VIP is generally | |
3862 better than the one distributed with Emacs: | |
3863 | |
3864 @table @b | |
3865 @item Author | |
3866 @email{sane@@cs.uiuc.edu, Aamod Sane} | |
3867 | |
3868 @item Latest version | |
3869 4.3 | |
3870 | |
3871 @item Distribution | |
48785 | 3872 @uref{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/old-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z} |
25474 | 3873 |
3874 @end table | |
3875 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3876 @node AUCTeX, BBDB, VIPER, Major packages and programs |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3877 @section AUC@TeX{} --- enhanced @TeX{} modes with debugging facilities |
25474 | 3878 @cindex Mode for @TeX{} |
3879 @cindex @TeX{} mode | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3880 @cindex AUC@TeX{} mode for editing @TeX{} |
25474 | 3881 @cindex Writing and debugging @TeX{} |
3882 | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3883 AUC@TeX{} is a set of sophisticated major modes for @TeX{}, LaTeX, |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3884 ConTeXt, and Texinfo offering context-sensitive syntax highlighting, |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3885 indentation, formatting and folding, macro completion, @TeX{} shell |
67691
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3886 functionality, and debugging. Be also sure to check out |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3887 @ref{Introduction, RefTeX, Introduction, reftex, Ref@TeX{} User Manual}. |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3888 Current versions of AUC@TeX{} include the |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3889 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/preview-latex,preview-latex} |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3890 package for WYSIWYG previews of various LaTeX constructs in the Emacs |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3891 source buffer. |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3892 |
25474 | 3893 @table @b |
3894 | |
3895 @item Authors | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3896 @email{krab@@iesd.auc.dk, Kresten Krab Thorup}, @* |
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3897 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen}, @* and others. |
25474 | 3898 |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3899 @item Maintainer |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3900 @email{dak@@gnu.org, David Kastrup} |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3901 |
25474 | 3902 @item Latest version |
67691
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3903 11.82 |
25474 | 3904 |
3905 @item Distribution | |
56757
dc7deb7ca051
* reftex.texi (AUCTeX): Update links, section name.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
56279
diff
changeset
|
3906 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/auctex/} |
25474 | 3907 |
3908 @item Web site | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3909 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/} |
25474 | 3910 |
3911 @item Mailing list: | |
67691
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3912 Subscription requests to @email{auctex-request@@gnu.org}@* |
5e3db5999d74
(AUCTeX): Update version and mailing list info.
David Kastrup <dak@gnu.org>
parents:
67576
diff
changeset
|
3913 Submissions to @email{auctex@@gnu.org} |
25474 | 3914 |
3915 @end table | |
3916 | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3917 @node BBDB, Ispell, AUCTeX, Major packages and programs |
25474 | 3918 @section BBDB --- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers |
3919 @cindex BBDB | |
3920 @cindex Rolodex-like functionality | |
3921 @cindex Integrated contact database | |
3922 @cindex Contact database | |
3923 @cindex Big Brother Database | |
3924 @cindex Address book | |
3925 | |
3926 @table @b | |
3927 | |
3928 @item Maintainer | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3929 @email{waider@@waider.ie, Ronan Waide} |
25474 | 3930 |
3931 @item Latest version | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3932 2.34 |
25474 | 3933 |
3934 @item Distribution | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3935 @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/} |
25474 | 3936 |
3937 @item Mailing lists | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3938 Subscription requests to @email{bbdb-info-request@@lists.sourceforge.net}@* |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3939 Submissions to @email{bbdb-info@@lists.sourceforge.net}@* |
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
3940 Release announcements: @email{bbdb-announce-request@@lists.sourceforge.net} |
25474 | 3941 |
3942 @end table | |
3943 | |
3944 @node Ispell, w3-mode, BBDB, Major packages and programs | |
3945 @section Ispell --- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs | |
3946 @cindex Spell-checker | |
3947 @cindex Checking spelling | |
3948 @cindex Ispell | |
3949 | |
3950 @table @b | |
3951 | |
3952 @item Author | |
3953 @email{geoff@@itcorp.com, Geoff Kuenning} | |
3954 | |
3955 @item Latest version | |
3956 3.1.20 | |
3957 | |
3958 @item Distribution | |
3959 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.ucla.edu/pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.20.tar.gz}@* | |
3960 | |
3961 @item Web site | |
3962 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/ispell.html} | |
3963 | |
3964 @end table | |
3965 | |
3966 @itemize @bullet | |
3967 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3968 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3969 Do not ask Geoff to send you the latest version of Ispell. He does not |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3970 have free e-mail. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3971 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3972 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3973 This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU Ispell 4.0 is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3974 no longer a supported product. |
25474 | 3975 |
3976 @end itemize | |
3977 | |
3978 @node w3-mode, EDB, Ispell, Major packages and programs | |
3979 @section w3-mode --- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs | |
3980 @cindex WWW browser | |
3981 @cindex Web browser | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
3982 @cindex HTML browser in Emacs |
25474 | 3983 @cindex @code{w3-mode} |
3984 | |
3985 @table @b | |
3986 | |
3987 @item Author | |
3988 @email{wmperry@@spry.com, Bill Perry} | |
3989 | |
3990 @item Latest version | |
3991 4.0pre.39 | |
3992 | |
3993 @item Distribution | |
3994 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/elisp/w3/w3.tar.gz} | |
3995 | |
3996 @item Mailing lists | |
3997 Receive announcements from @email{w3-announce-request@@indiana.edu}@* | |
3998 Become a beta tester at @email{w3-beta-request@@indiana.edu}@* | |
3999 Help to develop @code{w3-mode} at @email{w3-dev@@indiana.edu} | |
4000 | |
4001 @end table | |
4002 | |
4003 @node EDB, Mailcrypt, w3-mode, Major packages and programs | |
4004 @section EDB --- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes | |
4005 @cindex EDB | |
4006 @cindex Database | |
4007 @cindex Forms mode | |
4008 | |
4009 @table @b | |
4010 @item Author | |
4011 @email{mernst@@theory.lcs.mit.edu, Michael Ernst} | |
4012 | |
4013 @item Latest version | |
4014 1.21 | |
4015 | |
4016 @item Distribution | |
4017 @uref{ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb} | |
4018 | |
4019 @end table | |
4020 | |
4021 @node Mailcrypt, JDE, EDB, Major packages and programs | |
4022 @section Mailcrypt --- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news | |
4023 @cindex PGP | |
4024 @cindex GPG | |
4025 @cindex Interface to PGP from Emacs mail and news | |
4026 @cindex News, interface to PGP from | |
4027 @cindex Mail, interface to PGP from | |
4028 @cindex Encryption software, interface to | |
4029 | |
4030 @table @b | |
4031 | |
4032 @item Authors | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4033 @email{patl@@lcs.mit.edu, Patrick J. LoPresti} and |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4034 @email{jin@@atype.com, Jin S. Choi} |
25474 | 4035 |
4036 @item Maintainer | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4037 @email{warner-mailcrypt@@lothar.com, Brian Warner} |
25474 | 4038 |
4039 @item Latest version | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4040 3.5.8 |
25474 | 4041 |
4042 @item Distribution | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4043 @uref{http://dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mailcrypt/mailcrypt-3.5.8.tar.gz} |
25474 | 4044 |
4045 @item Web site | |
50780
3c9a6397c579
Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50475
diff
changeset
|
4046 @uref{http://mailcrypt.sourceforge.net/} |
25474 | 4047 |
4048 @end table | |
4049 | |
4050 @node JDE, Patch, Mailcrypt, Major packages and programs | |
4051 @section JDE --- Integrated development environment for Java | |
4052 @cindex Java development environment | |
4053 @cindex Integrated Java development environment | |
4054 @cindex JDE | |
4055 | |
4056 @table @b | |
4057 | |
4058 @item Author | |
4059 @email{paulk@@mathworks.com, Paul Kinnucan} | |
4060 | |
4061 @item Mailing list | |
4062 jde-subscribe@@sunsite.auc.dk | |
4063 | |
4064 @item Latest version | |
4065 2.1.1 | |
4066 | |
4067 @item Web site | |
4068 @uref{http://sunsite.auc.dk/jde/} | |
4069 | |
4070 @end table | |
4071 | |
4072 @node Patch, , JDE, Major packages and programs | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4073 @section Patch --- program to apply ``diffs'' for updating files |
25474 | 4074 @cindex Updating files with diffs |
4075 @cindex Patching source files with diffs | |
4076 @cindex Diffs and patching | |
4077 @cindex @file{patch} | |
4078 | |
4079 @table @b | |
4080 | |
4081 @item Author | |
4082 @email{lwall@@wall.org, Larry Wall} (with GNU modifications) | |
4083 | |
4084 @item Latest version | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4085 2.5.4 |
25474 | 4086 |
4087 @item Distribution | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4088 @xref{Current GNU distributions}. |
25474 | 4089 |
4090 @end table | |
4091 | |
4092 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
4093 @node Key bindings, Alternate character sets, Major packages and programs, Top | |
4094 @chapter Key bindings | |
4095 @cindex Key bindings | |
4096 | |
4097 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4098 * Binding keys to commands:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4099 * Invalid prefix characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4100 * Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4101 * Using function keys under X:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4102 * Working with function and arrow keys:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4103 * X key translations for Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4104 * Handling C-s and C-q with flow control:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4105 * Binding C-s and C-q:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4106 * Backspace invokes help:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4107 * stty and Backspace key:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4108 * Swapping keys:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4109 * Producing C-XXX with the keyboard:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4110 * No Meta key:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4111 * No Escape key:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4112 * Compose Character:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4113 * Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4114 * Meta key does not work in xterm:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4115 * ExtendChar key does not work as Meta:: |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4116 * SPC no longer completes file names:: |
25474 | 4117 @end menu |
4118 | |
4119 @node Binding keys to commands, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings, Key bindings | |
4120 @section How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands? | |
4121 @cindex Binding keys to commands | |
4122 @cindex Keys, binding to commands | |
4123 @cindex Commands, binding keys to | |
4124 | |
4125 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your | |
4126 @file{.emacs} file. To interactively bind keys for all modes, type | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4127 @kbd{M-x global-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4128 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4129 To bind a key just in the current major mode, type @kbd{M-x |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4130 local-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4131 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4132 @inforef{Key Bindings, Key Bindings, emacs}, for further details. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4133 |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4134 To make the process of binding keys interactively easier, use the |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4135 following ``trick'': First bind the key interactively, then immediately |
25474 | 4136 type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC} C-a C-k C-g}. Now, the command needed |
4137 to bind the key is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your | |
4138 @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is global, no changes to the | |
4139 command are required. For example, | |
4140 | |
4141 @lisp | |
4142 (global-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help)) | |
4143 @end lisp | |
4144 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4145 @noindent |
25474 | 4146 can be placed directly into the @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4147 local, the command is used in conjunction with the @samp{add-hook} function. |
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4148 For example, in TeX mode, a local binding might be |
25474 | 4149 |
4150 @lisp | |
4151 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook | |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4152 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4153 (local-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help)))) |
25474 | 4154 @end lisp |
4155 | |
4156 | |
4157 @itemize @bullet | |
4158 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4159 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4160 Control characters in key sequences, in the form yanked from the kill |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4161 ring are given in their graphic form---i.e., @key{CTRL} is shown as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4162 @samp{^}, @key{TAB} as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may want |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4163 to convert these into their vector or string forms. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4164 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4165 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4166 If a prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is already |
25474 | 4167 bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before the new |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4168 binding. For example, if @kbd{ESC @{} is previously bound: |
25474 | 4169 |
4170 @lisp | |
4171 (global-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) ;; or | |
4172 (local-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) | |
4173 @end lisp | |
4174 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4175 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4176 Aside from commands and ``lambda lists,'' a vector or string also |
25474 | 4177 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example: |
4178 | |
4179 @lisp | |
4180 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or | |
4181 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g") | |
4182 @end lisp | |
4183 | |
4184 @end itemize | |
4185 | |
4186 @node Invalid prefix characters, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Binding keys to commands, Key bindings | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4187 @section Why does Emacs say @samp{Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters}? |
25474 | 4188 @cindex Prefix characters, invalid |
4189 @cindex Invalid prefix characters | |
4190 @cindex Misspecified key sequences | |
4191 | |
4192 Usually, one of two things has happened. In one case, the control | |
4193 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. @samp{C-f} | |
4194 used instead of @samp{\C-f} within a Lisp expression). In the other | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4195 case, a @dfn{prefix key} in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4196 was already bound as a @dfn{complete key}. Historically, the @samp{ESC [} |
25474 | 4197 prefix was usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either |
4198 of these forms before attempting to bind the key sequence: | |
4199 | |
4200 @lisp | |
4201 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or | |
4202 (global-unset-key "\e[") | |
4203 @end lisp | |
4204 | |
4205 @node Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Using function keys under X, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings | |
4206 @section Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my @file{.emacs} file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up? | |
4207 @cindex Terminal setup code in @file{.emacs} | |
4208 | |
4209 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file | |
4210 order. If some of the code executed in your @file{.emacs} file needs to | |
4211 be postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has | |
4212 been executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this | |
4213 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup). | |
4214 | |
4215 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4216 window-system setup, treat the code as a @dfn{lambda list} and set the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4217 value of either the @code{term-setup-hook} or @code{window-setup-hook} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4218 variable to this lambda function. For example, |
25474 | 4219 |
4220 @lisp | |
28344
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4221 (add-hook 'term-setup-hook |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4222 (lambda () |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4223 (when (string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") "")) |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4224 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x: |
54fda0e8528a
Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
28127
diff
changeset
|
4225 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command)))) |
25474 | 4226 @end lisp |
4227 | |
4228 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the | |
4229 @file{lisp/startup.el} file. | |
4230 | |
4231 @node Using function keys under X, Working with function and arrow keys, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Key bindings | |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
4232 @section How do I use function keys under X? |
25474 | 4233 @cindex Function keys |
35188
94d46968a93f
Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
35061
diff
changeset
|
4234 @cindex X Window System and function keys |
25474 | 4235 @cindex Binding function keys |
4236 | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4237 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for details. |
25474 | 4238 |
4239 @node Working with function and arrow keys, X key translations for Emacs, Using function keys under X, Key bindings | |
4240 @section How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys emit? | |
4241 @cindex Working with arrow keys | |
4242 @cindex Arrow keys, symbols generated by | |
4243 @cindex Working with function keys | |
4244 @cindex Function keys, symbols generated by | |
4245 @cindex Symbols generated by function keys | |
4246 | |
4247 Type @kbd{C-h c} then the function or arrow keys. The command will | |
4248 return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the | |
4249 Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other | |
4250 keys as well. | |
4251 | |
4252 @node X key translations for Emacs, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Working with function and arrow keys, Key bindings | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4253 @section How do I set the X key ``translations'' for Emacs? |
25474 | 4254 @cindex X key translations |
4255 @cindex Key translations under X | |
4256 @cindex Translations for keys under X | |
4257 | |
4258 Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4259 ``translations'' to be set. (We aren't sure how to set such translations |
25474 | 4260 if you do build Emacs with Xt; please let us know if you've done this!) |
4261 | |
4262 The only way to affect the behavior of keys within Emacs is through | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4263 @code{xmodmap} (outside Emacs) or @code{define-key} (inside Emacs). The |
25474 | 4264 @code{define-key} command should be used in conjunction with the |
4265 @code{function-key-map} map. For instance, | |
4266 | |
4267 @lisp | |
4268 (define-key function-key-map [M-@key{TAB}] [?\M-\t]) | |
4269 @end lisp | |
4270 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4271 @noindent |
25474 | 4272 defines the @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} key sequence. |
4273 | |
4274 @node Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q, X key translations for Emacs, Key bindings | |
4275 @section How do I handle @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} being used for flow control? | |
4276 @cindex Flow control, @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with | |
4277 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with flow control | |
4278 | |
4279 @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4280 This messes things up when you're using Emacs over a serial line, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4281 because Emacs binds these keys to commands by default. Because Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4282 won't honor them as flow control characters, too many of these |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4283 characters are not passed on and overwhelm output buffers. Sometimes, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4284 intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow control will prevent Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4285 from ever seeing @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}. |
25474 | 4286 |
4287 Possible solutions: | |
4288 | |
4289 @itemize @bullet | |
4290 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4291 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4292 Disable the use of @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control. |
25474 | 4293 |
4294 You need to determine the cause of the flow control. | |
4295 | |
4296 @itemize @minus | |
4297 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4298 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4299 your terminal |
25474 | 4300 |
4301 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display | |
4302 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do | |
4303 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4304 example, on a VT220 you may select ``No XOFF'' in the setup menu. This |
25474 | 4305 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs. |
4306 | |
4307 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to | |
4308 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are | |
4309 logged in to or at some terminal server in between. | |
4310 | |
4311 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer | |
4312 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4313 this problem by modifying the @samp{termcap} entry for your terminal to |
25474 | 4314 include extra NUL padding characters. |
4315 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4316 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4317 a modem |
25474 | 4318 |
4319 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using | |
4320 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this. | |
4321 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4322 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4323 a router or terminal server |
25474 | 4324 |
4325 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using | |
4326 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other | |
4327 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local | |
4328 network experts for help with this. | |
4329 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4330 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4331 @code{tty} and/or @code{pty} devices |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4332 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4333 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple @code{tty} and/or |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4334 @code{pty} devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4335 is not necessary. |
25474 | 4336 |
4337 @email{eirik@@theory.tn.cornell.edu, Eirik Fuller} writes: | |
4338 | |
4339 @quotation | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4340 Some versions of @code{rlogin} (and possibly @code{telnet}) do not pass |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4341 flow control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4342 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow control on |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4343 the local system. Sometimes @samp{rlogin -8} will avoid this problem. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4344 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4345 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host (the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4346 one running @code{rlogin}, not the one running @code{rlogind}) using the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4347 @code{stty} command, before starting the @code{rlogin} process. On many |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4348 systems, @samp{stty start u stop u} will do this. |
25474 | 4349 |
4350 Some versions of @samp{tcsh} will prevent even this from working. One | |
4351 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin, | |
4352 and issue the @samp{stty} command to disable flow control from that shell. | |
4353 @end quotation | |
4354 | |
4355 Use @samp{stty -ixon} instead of @samp{stty start u stop u} on some systems. | |
4356 | |
4357 @end itemize | |
4358 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4359 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4360 Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. |
25474 | 4361 |
4362 You can make Emacs treat @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} as flow control characters by | |
4363 evaluating the form | |
4364 | |
4365 @lisp | |
4366 (enable-flow-control) | |
4367 @end lisp | |
4368 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4369 @noindent |
25474 | 4370 to unconditionally enable flow control or |
4371 | |
4372 @lisp | |
4373 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19") | |
4374 @end lisp | |
4375 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4376 @noindent |
25474 | 4377 (using your terminal names instead of @samp{vt100} or @samp{h19}) to |
4378 enable selectively. These commands will automatically swap @kbd{C-s} | |
4379 and @kbd{C-q} to @kbd{C-\} and @kbd{C-^}. Variables can be used to | |
4380 change the default swap keys (@code{flow-control-c-s-replacement} and | |
4381 @code{flow-control-c-q-replacement}). | |
4382 | |
4383 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your | |
4384 @file{.emacs} file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the | |
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4385 best place to put it is in the @file{site-lisp/site-start.el} file. |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4386 (Here @file{site-lisp} is actually a subdirectory of your Emacs |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4387 installation directory, typically @file{/usr/local/share/emacs}.) |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4388 Putting this form in @file{site-lisp/default.el} has the problem that |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4389 if the user's @file{.emacs} file has an error, this will prevent |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4390 @file{default.el} from being loaded and Emacs may be unusable for the |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4391 user, even for correcting their @file{.emacs} file (unless they're |
25474 | 4392 smart enough to move it to another name). |
4393 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4394 @code{enable-flow-control} can be invoked interactively as well: |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4395 @kbd{M-x enable-flow-control @key{RET}}. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4396 |
25474 | 4397 @end itemize |
4398 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4399 For further discussion of this issue, read the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
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changeset
|
4400 (in the Emacs source directory when you unpack the Emacs distribution). |
25474 | 4401 |
4402 @node Binding C-s and C-q, Backspace invokes help, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Key bindings | |
4403 @section How do I bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} (or any key) if these keys are filtered out? | |
4404 @cindex Binding @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} | |
4405 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, binding | |
4406 | |
4407 To bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, use either @code{enable-flow-control} | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4408 or @code{enable-flow-control-on}. @xref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4409 control}, for usage and implementation details. |
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4410 |
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4411 To bind other keys, use @code{keyboard-translate}. @xref{Swapping |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4412 keys}, for usage details. To do this for an entire site, you should |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4413 swap the keys in @file{site-lisp/site-start.el}. @xref{Handling C-s |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4414 and C-q with flow control}, for an explanation of why |
95a1e7b6d4cf
(Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37530
diff
changeset
|
4415 @file{site-lisp/default.el} should not be used. |
25474 | 4416 |
4417 @itemize @bullet | |
4418 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4419 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4420 If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by |
25474 | 4421 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs |
4422 actually behaves. | |
4423 | |
4424 @end itemize | |
4425 | |
4426 @node Backspace invokes help, stty and Backspace key, Binding C-s and C-q, Key bindings | |
4427 @section Why does the @key{Backspace} key invoke help? | |
4428 @cindex Backspace key invokes help | |
4429 @cindex Help invoked by Backspace | |
39502
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(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
4430 @cindex DEL key does not delete |
25474 | 4431 |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4432 The @key{Backspace} key (on most keyboards) generates @acronym{ASCII} code 8. |
25474 | 4433 @kbd{C-h} sends the same code. In Emacs by default @kbd{C-h} invokes |
4434 help-command. This is intended to be easy to remember since the first | |
4435 letter of @samp{help} is @samp{h}. The easiest solution to this problem | |
4436 is to use @kbd{C-h} (and @key{Backspace}) for help and @key{DEL} (the | |
4437 @key{Delete} key) for deleting the previous character. | |
4438 | |
4439 For many people this solution may be problematic: | |
4440 | |
4441 @itemize @bullet | |
4442 | |
4443 @item | |
4444 They normally use @key{Backspace} outside of Emacs for deleting the | |
4445 previous character. This can be solved by making @key{DEL} the command | |
4446 for deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. On many Unix | |
4447 systems, this command will remap @key{DEL}: | |
4448 | |
4449 @example | |
4450 stty erase `^?' | |
4451 @end example | |
4452 | |
4453 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4454 The user may prefer the @key{Backspace} key for deleting the |
25474 | 4455 previous character because it is more conveniently located on their |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4456 keyboard or because they don't even have a separate @key{Delete} key. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4457 In this case, the @key{Backspace} key should be made to behave like |
25474 | 4458 @key{Delete}. There are several methods. |
4459 | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4460 @itemize @minus |
25474 | 4461 @item |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4462 Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) and terminal emulators (e.g., |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4463 TeraTerm) allow the character generated by the @key{Backspace} key to be |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4464 changed from a setup menu. |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4465 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4466 @item |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4467 You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable, or a |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4468 terminal emulator that supports remapping of any key to any other key. |
25474 | 4469 |
4470 @item | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4471 With Emacs 21.1 and later, you can control the effect of the |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4472 @key{Backspace} and @key{Delete} keys, on both dumb terminals and a |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4473 windowed displays, by customizing the option |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4474 @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode}, or by invoking @kbd{M-x |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4475 normal-erase-is-backspace}. See the documentation of these symbols |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4476 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) for more info. |
25474 | 4477 |
4478 @item | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4479 It is possible to swap the @key{Backspace} and @key{DEL} keys inside |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4480 Emacs: |
25474 | 4481 |
4482 @lisp | |
4483 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) | |
4484 @end lisp | |
4485 | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4486 @noindent |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4487 This is the recommended method of forcing @key{Backspace} to act as |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4488 @key{DEL}, because it works even in modes which bind @key{DEL} to |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4489 something other than @code{delete-backward-char}. |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4490 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4491 Similarly, you could remap @key{DEL} to act as @kbd{C-d}, which by |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4492 default deletes forward: |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4493 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4494 @lisp |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4495 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-d) |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4496 @end lisp |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4497 |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4498 @xref{Swapping keys}, for further details about @code{keyboard-translate}. |
25474 | 4499 |
4500 @item | |
4501 Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on @kbd{C-x h} | |
4502 instead: | |
4503 | |
4504 @lisp | |
4505 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char) | |
4506 | |
4507 ;;; overrides mark-whole-buffer | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4508 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command) |
25474 | 4509 @end lisp |
4510 | |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4511 @noindent |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4512 This method is not recommended, though: it only solves the problem for |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4513 those modes which bind @key{DEL} to @code{delete-backward-char}. Modes |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4514 which bind @key{DEL} to something else, such as @code{view-mode}, will |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4515 not work as you expect when you press the @key{Backspace} key. For this |
42674 | 4516 reason, we recommend the @code{keyboard-translate} method, shown |
39502
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4517 above. |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
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parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4518 |
25474 | 4519 Other popular key bindings for help are @kbd{M-?} and @kbd{C-x ?}. |
39502
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4520 @end itemize |
25474 | 4521 |
4522 Don't try to bind @key{DEL} to @code{help-command}, because there are | |
4523 many modes that have local bindings of @key{DEL} that will interfere. | |
4524 | |
4525 @end itemize | |
4526 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4527 When Emacs 21 or later runs on a windowed display, it binds the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4528 @key{Delete} key to a command which deletes the character at point, to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4529 make Emacs more consistent with keyboard operation on these systems. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4530 |
39502
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(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
4531 For more information about troubleshooting this problem, see @ref{DEL |
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(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39304
diff
changeset
|
4532 Does Not Delete, , If @key{DEL} Fails to Delete, emacs, The GNU Emacs |
c41e104c3131
(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
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diff
changeset
|
4533 Manual}. |
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(Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
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diff
changeset
|
4534 |
25474 | 4535 @node stty and Backspace key, Swapping keys, Backspace invokes help, Key bindings |
4536 @section Why doesn't Emacs look at the @file{stty} settings for @key{Backspace} vs. @key{Delete}? | |
4537 @cindex @file{stty} and Emacs | |
4538 @cindex Backspace and @file{stty} | |
4539 @cindex Delete and @file{stty} | |
4540 | |
4541 Good question! | |
4542 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4543 @c FIXME: RMS explained the reasons for this on emacs-hackers. It's |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4544 @c probably worth putting that explanation here. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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diff
changeset
|
4545 |
25474 | 4546 @node Swapping keys, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, stty and Backspace key, Key bindings |
4547 @section How do I swap two keys? | |
4548 @cindex Swapping keys | |
4549 @cindex Keys, swapping | |
4550 @cindex @code{keyboard-translate} | |
4551 | |
65032
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4552 You can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4553 @code{keyboard-translate} function. For example, to turn @kbd{C-h} |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4554 into @key{DEL} and @key{DEL} to @kbd{C-h}, use |
25474 | 4555 |
4556 @lisp | |
4557 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL | |
4558 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'. | |
4559 @end lisp | |
4560 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4561 @noindent |
25474 | 4562 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is |
4563 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the | |
4564 keymaps. | |
4565 | |
65032
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4566 However, in the specific case of @kbd{C-h} and @key{DEL}, you should |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4567 toggle @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode} instead of calling |
66325
fda96ff4c7e5
* files.el (directory-listing-before-filename-regexp): New
Michael Albinus <michael.albinus@gmx.de>
parents:
65041
diff
changeset
|
4568 @code{keyboard-translate}. @inforef{DEL Does Not Delete, DEL Does Not Delete, |
65032
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4569 emacs}. |
863e660c91bd
(Swapping keys): Xref for normal-erase-is-backspace-mode, not keyboard-translate.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64917
diff
changeset
|
4570 |
25474 | 4571 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps. |
4572 Emacs contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but | |
4573 there is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every | |
4574 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations | |
4575 take place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are | |
4576 looked up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard | |
4577 translation. | |
4578 | |
4579 @node Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, No Meta key, Swapping keys, Key bindings | |
4580 @section How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard? | |
4581 @cindex Producing control characters | |
4582 @cindex Generating control characters | |
4583 @cindex Control characters, generating | |
4584 | |
56817
99e9271dee93
Fix texinfo usage, esp. doublequotes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56802
diff
changeset
|
4585 On terminals (but not under X), some common ``aliases'' are: |
25474 | 4586 |
4587 @table @asis | |
4588 | |
4589 @item @kbd{C-2} or @kbd{C-@key{SPC}} | |
4590 @kbd{C-@@} | |
4591 | |
4592 @item @kbd{C-6} | |
4593 @kbd{C-^} | |
4594 | |
4595 @item @kbd{C-7} or @kbd{C-S--} | |
4596 @kbd{C-_} | |
4597 | |
4598 @item @kbd{C-4} | |
4599 @kbd{C-\} | |
4600 | |
4601 @item @kbd{C-5} | |
4602 @kbd{C-]} | |
4603 | |
4604 @item @kbd{C-/} | |
4605 @kbd{C-?} | |
4606 | |
4607 @end table | |
4608 | |
4609 Often other aliases exist; use the @kbd{C-h c} command and try | |
4610 @key{CTRL} with all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets | |
4611 generated. You can also try the @kbd{C-h w} command if you know the | |
4612 name of the command. | |
4613 | |
4614 @node No Meta key, No Escape key, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, Key bindings | |
4615 @section What if I don't have a @key{Meta} key? | |
4616 @cindex No @key{Meta} key | |
4617 @cindex @key{Meta} key, what to do if you lack it | |
4618 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4619 On many keyboards, the @key{Alt} key acts as @key{Meta}, so try it. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4620 |
25474 | 4621 Instead of typing @kbd{M-a}, you can type @kbd{@key{ESC} a}. In fact, |
4622 Emacs converts @kbd{M-a} internally into @kbd{@key{ESC} a} anyway | |
4623 (depending on the value of @code{meta-prefix-char}). Note that you | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4624 press @key{Meta} and @key{a} together, but with @key{ESC}, you press |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4625 @key{ESC}, release it, and then press @key{a}. |
25474 | 4626 |
4627 @node No Escape key, Compose Character, No Meta key, Key bindings | |
4628 @section What if I don't have an @key{Escape} key? | |
4629 @cindex No Escape key | |
4630 @cindex Lacking an Escape key | |
4631 @cindex Escape key, lacking | |
4632 | |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4633 Type @kbd{C-[} instead. This should send @acronym{ASCII} code 27 just like an |
25474 | 4634 Escape key would. @kbd{C-3} may also work on some terminal (but not |
4635 under X). For many terminals (notably DEC terminals) @key{F11} | |
4636 generates @key{ESC}. If not, the following form can be used to bind it: | |
4637 | |
4638 @lisp | |
4639 ;;; F11 is the documented ESC replacement on DEC terminals. | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4640 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e]) |
25474 | 4641 @end lisp |
4642 | |
4643 @node Compose Character, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, No Escape key, Key bindings | |
4644 @section Can I make my @key{Compose Character} key behave like a @key{Meta} key? | |
4645 @cindex @key{Compose Character} key, using as @key{Meta} | |
4646 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{Compose Character} for | |
4647 | |
4648 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain | |
4649 VT220 clones could have their @key{Compose} key configured this way. If | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4650 you're using X, you might be able to do this with the @code{xmodmap} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4651 command. |
25474 | 4652 |
4653 @node Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Meta key does not work in xterm, Compose Character, Key bindings | |
4654 @section How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key? | |
4655 @cindex Modifiers and function keys | |
4656 @cindex Function keys and modifiers | |
4657 @cindex Binding modifiers and function keys | |
4658 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4659 With Emacs 19 and later, you can represent modified function keys in |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4660 vector format by adding prefixes to the function key symbol. For |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4661 example (from the on-line documentation): |
25474 | 4662 |
4663 @lisp | |
4664 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page) | |
4665 @end lisp | |
4666 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4667 @noindent |
25474 | 4668 where @samp{?\C-x} is the Lisp character constant for the character @kbd{C-x}. |
4669 | |
4670 You can use the modifier keys @key{Control}, @key{Meta}, @key{Hyper}, | |
4671 @key{Super}, @key{Alt}, and @key{Shift} with function keys. To | |
4672 represent these modifiers, prepend the strings @samp{C-}, @samp{M-}, | |
4673 @samp{H-}, @samp{s-}, @samp{A-}, and @samp{S-} to the symbol name. Here | |
4674 is how to make @kbd{H-M-RIGHT} move forward a word: | |
4675 | |
4676 @lisp | |
4677 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word) | |
4678 @end lisp | |
4679 | |
4680 @itemize @bullet | |
4681 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4682 @item |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4683 Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. @key{Hyper}, |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4684 @key{Super}, and @key{Alt} are not available on Unix character |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4685 terminals. Non-@acronym{ASCII} keys and mouse events (e.g. @kbd{C-=} and |
36515
9df3f07f2643
Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36383
diff
changeset
|
4686 @kbd{Mouse-1}) also fall under this category. |
25474 | 4687 |
4688 @end itemize | |
4689 | |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
4690 @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for general key binding instructions. |
25474 | 4691 |
4692 @node Meta key does not work in xterm, ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Key bindings | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4693 @section Why doesn't my @key{Meta} key work in an @code{xterm} window? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4694 @cindex @key{Meta} key and @code{xterm} |
25474 | 4695 @cindex Xterm and @key{Meta} key |
4696 | |
68712
06cc8b33cde0
* faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68657
diff
changeset
|
4697 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-Byte Character Set Support, emacs}. |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4698 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4699 If the advice in the Emacs manual fails, try all of these methods before |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4700 asking for further help: |
25474 | 4701 |
4702 @itemize @bullet | |
4703 | |
4704 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4705 You may have big problems using @code{mwm} as your window manager. |
25474 | 4706 (Does anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the |
4707 @key{Meta} key in Emacs with @file{mwm}?) | |
4708 | |
4709 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4710 For X11: Make sure it really is a @key{Meta} key. Use @code{xev} to |
25474 | 4711 find out what keysym your @key{Meta} key generates. It should be either |
37530
d4b1acaf82b0
Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
37447
diff
changeset
|
4712 @code{Meta_L} or @code{Meta_R}. If it isn't, use @file{xmodmap} to fix |
39551
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4713 the situation. If @key{Meta} does generate @code{Meta_L} or |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4714 @code{Meta_R}, but @kbd{M-x} produces a non-@acronym{ASCII} character, put this in |
39551
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4715 your @file{~/.Xdefaults} file: |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4716 |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4717 @example |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4718 XTerm*eightBitInput: false |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4719 XTerm*eightBitOutput: true |
4e108e81543a
(Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39502
diff
changeset
|
4720 @end example |
25474 | 4721 |
4722 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4723 Make sure the @code{pty} the @code{xterm} is using is passing 8 bit |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4724 characters. @samp{stty -a} (or @samp{stty everything}) should show |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4725 @samp{cs8} somewhere. If it shows @samp{cs7} instead, use @samp{stty |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4726 cs8 -istrip} (or @samp{stty pass8}) to fix it. |
25474 | 4727 |
4728 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4729 If there is an @code{rlogin} connection between @code{xterm} and Emacs, the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4730 @samp{-8} argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits |
25474 | 4731 of every character. |
4732 | |
4733 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4734 If Emacs is running on Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating |
25474 | 4735 @code{(set-input-mode t nil)} helps. |
4736 | |
4737 @item | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4738 If all else fails, you can make @code{xterm} generate @kbd{@key{ESC} W} when |
25474 | 4739 you type @kbd{M-W}, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it |
4740 got the @kbd{M-W} anyway. In X11R4, the following resource | |
4741 specification will do this: | |
4742 | |
4743 @example | |
4744 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false | |
4745 @end example | |
4746 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4747 @noindent |
25474 | 4748 (This changes the behavior of the @code{insert-eight-bit} action.) |
4749 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4750 With older @code{xterm}s, you can specify this behavior with a translation: |
25474 | 4751 |
4752 @example | |
4753 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \ | |
4754 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert() | |
4755 @end example | |
4756 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4757 @noindent |
25474 | 4758 You might have to replace @samp{Meta} with @samp{Alt}. |
4759 | |
4760 @end itemize | |
4761 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4762 @node ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, SPC no longer completes file names, Meta key does not work in xterm, Key bindings |
25474 | 4763 @section Why doesn't my @key{ExtendChar} key work as a @key{Meta} key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x? |
4764 @cindex @key{ExtendChar} key as @key{Meta} | |
4765 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{ExtendChar} for | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4766 @cindex HP-UX, the @key{ExtendChar} key |
25474 | 4767 |
4768 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4769 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4770 @code{XLookupString} function returns the same result regardless of the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4771 @key{Meta} key state which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4772 is fixed, the temporary kludge is to run this command after each time |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4773 the X server is started but preferably before any xterm clients are: |
25474 | 4774 |
4775 @example | |
4776 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch' | |
4777 @end example | |
4778 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4779 @c FIXME: Emacs 21 supports I18N in X11; does that mean that this bug is |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4780 @c solved? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4781 |
25474 | 4782 This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which may be |
4783 undesirable if you actually intend to use them. | |
4784 | |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4785 @node SPC no longer completes file names, , ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Key bindings |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4786 @section Why doesn't SPC complete file names anymore? |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4787 @cindex @kbd{SPC} file name completion |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4788 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4789 Starting with Emacs 22.1, @kbd{SPC} no longer completes file names in |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4790 the minibuffer, so that file names with embedded spaces could be typed |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4791 without the need to quote the spaces. |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4792 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4793 You can get the old behavior by binding @kbd{SPC} to |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4794 @code{minibuffer-complete-word} in the minibuffer, as follows: |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4795 |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4796 @lisp |
68712
06cc8b33cde0
* faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68657
diff
changeset
|
4797 (define-key minibuffer-local-filename-completion-map (kbd "SPC") |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4798 'minibuffer-complete-word) |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4799 |
68712
06cc8b33cde0
* faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68657
diff
changeset
|
4800 (define-key minibuffer-local-must-match-filename-map (kbd "SPC") |
67483
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4801 'minibuffer-complete-word) |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4802 @end lisp |
b6000aca7291
Set VER to `22.1'.
Romain Francoise <romain@orebokech.com>
parents:
66325
diff
changeset
|
4803 |
25474 | 4804 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ |
4805 @node Alternate character sets, Mail and news, Key bindings, Top | |
4806 @chapter Alternate character sets | |
4807 @cindex Alternate character sets | |
4808 | |
4809 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4810 * Emacs does not display 8-bit characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4811 * Inputting eight-bit characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4812 * Kanji and Chinese characters:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4813 * Right-to-left alphabets:: |
25474 | 4814 @end menu |
4815 | |
4816 @node Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets, Alternate character sets | |
4817 @section How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters? | |
4818 @cindex Displaying eight-bit characters | |
4819 @cindex Eight-bit characters, displaying | |
4820 | |
68712
06cc8b33cde0
* faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68657
diff
changeset
|
4821 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-byte Character Set |
36842
654b53bab583
Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
36515
diff
changeset
|
4822 Support, emacs}. On a Unix, when Emacs runs on a text-only terminal |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4823 display or is invoked with @samp{emacs -nw}, you typically need to use |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4824 @code{set-terminal-coding-system} to tell Emacs what the terminal can |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4825 display, even after setting the language environment; otherwise |
52979
3649390c0f91
Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
4826 non-@acronym{ASCII} characters will display as @samp{?}. On other operating |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4827 systems, such as MS-DOS and MS-Windows, Emacs queries the OS about the |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4828 character set supported by the display, and sets up the required |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4829 terminal coding system automatically. |
25474 | 4830 |
4831 @node Inputting eight-bit characters, Kanji and Chinese characters, Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Alternate character sets | |
4832 @section How do I input eight-bit characters? | |
4833 @cindex Entering eight-bit characters | |
4834 @cindex Eight-bit characters, entering | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4835 @cindex Input, 8-bit characters |
25474 | 4836 |
28127 | 4837 Various methods are available for input of eight-bit characters. See |
68712
06cc8b33cde0
* faq.texi (Meta key does not work in xterm)
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68657
diff
changeset
|
4838 @inforef{Unibyte Mode, Single-byte Character Set |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4839 Support, emacs}. For more sophisticated methods, @inforef{Input |
28127 | 4840 Methods, Input Methods, emacs}. |
25474 | 4841 |
4842 @node Kanji and Chinese characters, Right-to-left alphabets, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4843 @section Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other Far-Eastern character sets? |
25474 | 4844 @cindex Kanji, handling with Emacs |
4845 @cindex Chinese, handling with Emacs | |
4846 @cindex Japanese, handling with Emacs | |
4847 @cindex Korean, handling with Emacs | |
4848 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4849 Emacs 20 and later includes many of the features of MULE, the MULtilingual |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4850 Enhancement to Emacs. @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on where |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4851 to find and download the latest version of Emacs. |
25474 | 4852 |
4853 @node Right-to-left alphabets, , Kanji and Chinese characters, Alternate character sets | |
4854 @section Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets? | |
4855 @cindex Right-to-left alphabets | |
4856 @cindex Hebrew, handling with Emacs | |
4857 @cindex Semitic alphabets | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4858 @cindex Arabic alphabets |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4859 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4860 Emacs 20 and later supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4861 yet support right-to-left character entry and display. |
25474 | 4862 |
4863 @email{joel@@exc.com, Joel M. Hoffman} has written a Lisp package called | |
4864 @file{hebrew.el} that allows right-to-left editing of Hebrew. It | |
4865 reportedly works out of the box with Emacs 19, but requires patches for | |
4866 Emacs 18. Write to Joel if you want the patches or package. | |
4867 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4868 @c FIXME: Should we mention Ehud Karni's package? |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4869 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4870 @file{hebrew.el} requires a Hebrew screen font, but no other hardware support. |
36515
9df3f07f2643
Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36383
diff
changeset
|
4871 Joel has a screen font for PCs running MS-DOS or GNU/Linux. |
25474 | 4872 |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4873 You might also try to query archie for files named with @file{hebrew}; |
25474 | 4874 several ftp sites in Israel may also have the necessary files. |
4875 | |
4876 @c ------------------------------------------------------------ | |
4877 @node Mail and news, Concept index, Alternate character sets, Top | |
4878 @chapter Mail and news | |
4879 @cindex Mail and news | |
4880 | |
4881 @menu | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4882 * Changing the included text prefix:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4883 * Saving a copy of outgoing mail:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4884 * Expanding aliases when sending mail:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4885 * Rmail thinks all messages are one big one:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4886 * Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4887 * Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4888 * Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4889 * Replying to the sender of a message:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4890 * MIME with Emacs mail packages:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4891 * Automatically starting a mail or news reader:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4892 * Reading news with Emacs:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4893 * Gnus does not work with NNTP:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4894 * Viewing articles with embedded underlining:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4895 * Saving a multi-part Gnus posting:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4896 * Starting Gnus faster:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4897 * Catching up in all newsgroups:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4898 * Killing based on nonstandard headers:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4899 * Removing flashing messages:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4900 * Catch-up is slow in Gnus:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4901 * Gnus hangs for a long time:: |
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
4902 * Learning more about Gnus:: |
25474 | 4903 @end menu |
4904 | |
4905 @node Changing the included text prefix, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news, Mail and news | |
4906 @section How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups? | |
4907 @cindex Prefix in mail/news followups, changing | |
4908 @cindex Included text prefix, changing | |
4909 @cindex Setting the included text character | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4910 @cindex Quoting in mail messages |
25474 | 4911 |
4912 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable | |
4913 @code{mail-yank-prefix}. For VM, set @code{vm-included-text-prefix}. | |
4914 For mh-e, set @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}. | |
4915 | |
4916 For fancier control of citations, use Supercite. @xref{Supercite}. | |
4917 | |
4918 To prevent Emacs from including various headers of the replied-to | |
4919 message, set the value of @code{mail-yank-ignored-headers} to an | |
4920 appropriate regexp. | |
4921 | |
4922 @node Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Changing the included text prefix, Mail and news | |
4923 @section How do I save a copy of outgoing mail? | |
4924 @cindex Saving a copy of outgoing mail | |
4925 @cindex Copying outgoing mail to a file | |
4926 @cindex Filing outgoing mail | |
4927 @cindex Automatic filing of outgoing mail | |
4928 @cindex Mail, saving outgoing automatically | |
4929 | |
4930 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a @samp{BCC} header in the | |
4931 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by | |
4932 including an @samp{FCC} header. | |
4933 | |
4934 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a @samp{BCC} to | |
4935 yourself by putting | |
4936 | |
4937 @lisp | |
4938 (setq mail-self-blind t) | |
4939 @end lisp | |
4940 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4941 @noindent |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4942 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can automatically include an @samp{FCC} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4943 field by putting something like the following in your @file{.emacs} |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4944 file: |
25474 | 4945 |
4946 @lisp | |
4947 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing")) | |
4948 @end lisp | |
4949 | |
4950 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly | |
4951 by VM, but not always by Rmail. @xref{Learning how to do something}. | |
4952 | |
4953 If you use @code{mh-e}, add an @samp{FCC} or @samp{BCC} field to your | |
4954 components file. | |
4955 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4956 It does not work to put @samp{set record filename} in the @file{.mailrc} |
25474 | 4957 file. |
4958 | |
4959 @node Expanding aliases when sending mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news | |
4960 @section Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail? | |
4961 @cindex Expanding aliases when sending mail | |
4962 @cindex Mail alias expansion | |
4963 @cindex Sending mail with aliases | |
4964 | |
4965 @itemize @bullet | |
4966 | |
4967 @item | |
4968 You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer | |
4969 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses | |
4970 like this one: | |
4971 | |
4972 @example | |
4973 To: Willy Smith <wks@@xpnsv.lwyrs.com> | |
4974 @end example | |
4975 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4976 However, you do not need to---and probably should not, unless your |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4977 system's version of @file{/usr/ucb/mail} (a.k.a.@: @code{mailx}) |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4978 supports RFC822---separate addresses with commas in your |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4979 @file{~/.mailrc} file. |
25474 | 4980 |
4981 @item | |
4982 Emacs normally only reads the @file{.mailrc} file once per session, | |
4983 when you start to compose your first mail message. If you edit | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4984 @file{.mailrc}, you can type @kbd{M-x rebuild-mail-abbrevs @key{RET}} to |
25474 | 4985 make Emacs reread @file{~/.mailrc}. |
4986 | |
4987 @item | |
4988 If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you | |
4989 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following: | |
4990 | |
4991 @lisp | |
34922 | 4992 (add-hook 'mail-mode-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup) |
25474 | 4993 @end lisp |
4994 | |
4995 Note that the aliases are expanded automatically only after you type | |
4996 @key{RET} or a punctuation character (e.g. @kbd{,}). You can force their | |
4997 expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing @kbd{C-x a e} | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
4998 (@kbd{M-x expand-abbrev}). |
25474 | 4999 @end itemize |
5000 | |
5001 @node Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Mail and news | |
5002 @section Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message? | |
5003 @cindex Rmail thinks all messages are one large message | |
5004 | |
5005 A file created through the @samp{FCC} field in a message is in Unix mail | |
5006 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try | |
5007 to convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it | |
5008 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the | |
5009 @file{saved-messages} file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the | |
5010 function @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}. | |
5011 | |
5012 @node Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Mail and news | |
5013 @section How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder? | |
5014 @cindex Rmail, sorting messages in | |
5015 @cindex Folder, sorting messages in an Rmail | |
5016 @cindex Sorting messages in an Rmail folder | |
5017 | |
5018 In Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-s C-h} to get a list of sorting functions | |
5019 and their key bindings. | |
5020 | |
5021 @node Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Mail and news | |
5022 @section Why does Rmail need to write to @file{/usr/spool/mail}? | |
5023 @cindex Rmail and @file{/usr/spool/mail} | |
5024 @cindex @file{/usr/spool/mail} and Rmail | |
5025 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5026 This is the behavior of the @code{movemail} program which Rmail uses. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5027 This indicates that @code{movemail} is configured to use lock files. |
25474 | 5028 |
5029 RMS writes: | |
5030 | |
5031 @quotation | |
5032 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files. | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5033 On these systems, @code{movemail} must write lock files, or you risk losing |
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5034 mail. You simply must arrange to let @code{movemail} write them. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5035 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5036 Other systems use the @code{flock} system call to interlock access. On |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5037 these systems, you should configure @code{movemail} to use @code{flock}. |
25474 | 5038 @end quotation |
5039 | |
5040 @node Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Replying to the sender of a message, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Mail and news | |
5041 @section How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format? | |
5042 @cindex Recovering munged mail files | |
5043 @cindex Rmail munged my files | |
5044 @cindex Mail files, recovering those munged by Rmail | |
5045 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5046 If you have just done @kbd{M-x rmail-input} on a file and you don't want |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5047 to save it in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with |
25474 | 5048 @kbd{C-x k}). |
5049 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5050 @cindex Exporting messages as Unix mail files |
25474 | 5051 If you typed @kbd{M-x rmail} and it read some messages out of your inbox |
5052 and you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use @kbd{C-o} on each | |
5053 message. | |
5054 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5055 @cindex Converting from BABYL to Unix mail format |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5056 @cindex @code{unrmail} command |
25474 | 5057 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail |
5058 format, use the command @kbd{M-x unrmail}: it will prompt you for the | |
5059 input and output file names. | |
5060 | |
39304
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5061 @pindex b2m |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5062 Alternatively, you could use the @code{b2m} program supplied with |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5063 Emacs. @code{b2m} is a filter, and is used like this: |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5064 |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5065 @example |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5066 b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file} |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5067 @end example |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5068 |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5069 @noindent |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5070 where @var{babyl-file} is the name of the BABYL file, and |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5071 @var{mbox-file} is the name of the file where the converted mail will |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5072 be written. |
7be776e0f517
(Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
38770
diff
changeset
|
5073 |
25474 | 5074 @node Replying to the sender of a message, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Mail and news |
5075 @section How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the other recipients? | |
5076 @cindex Replying only to the sender of a message | |
5077 @cindex Sender, replying only to | |
5078 @cindex Rmail, replying to the sender of a message in | |
5079 | |
5080 @email{isaacson@@seas.upenn.edu, Ron Isaacson} says: When you hit | |
5081 @key{r} to reply in Rmail, by default it CCs all of the original | |
5082 recipients (everyone on the original @samp{To} and @samp{CC} | |
5083 lists). With a prefix argument (i.e., typing @kbd{C-u} before @key{r}), | |
5084 it replies only to the sender. However, going through the whole | |
5085 @kbd{C-u} business every time you want to reply is a pain. This is the | |
5086 best fix I've been able to come up with: | |
5087 | |
5088 @lisp | |
5089 (defun rmail-reply-t () | |
5090 "Reply only to the sender of the current message. (See rmail-reply.)" | |
5091 (interactive) | |
5092 (rmail-reply t)) | |
5093 | |
5094 (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook | |
34151
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5095 (lambda () |
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5096 (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t) |
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5097 (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply))) |
25474 | 5098 @end lisp |
5099 | |
5100 @node MIME with Emacs mail packages, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Replying to the sender of a message, Mail and news | |
49429
bb4e71346ae7
Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
48785
diff
changeset
|
5101 @section How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME? |
25474 | 5102 @cindex MIME and Emacs mail packages |
5103 @cindex Mail packages and MIME | |
5104 @cindex FAQ for MIME and Emacs | |
5105 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5106 Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. @xref{VM}. Gnus supports MIME in mail |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5107 and news messages as of version 5.8.1 (Pterodactyl). Rmail has limited |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5108 support for single-part MIME messages beginning with Emacs 20.3. |
25474 | 5109 |
5110 @node Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Reading news with Emacs, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Mail and news | |
5111 @section How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader? | |
5112 @cindex Mail reader, starting automatically | |
5113 @cindex News reader, starting automatically | |
5114 @cindex Starting mail/news reader automatically | |
5115 | |
5116 To start Emacs in Gnus: | |
5117 | |
5118 @example | |
5119 emacs -f gnus | |
5120 @end example | |
5121 | |
34741
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Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5122 @noindent |
25474 | 5123 in Rmail: |
5124 | |
5125 @example | |
5126 emacs -f rmail | |
5127 @end example | |
5128 | |
5129 A more convenient way to start with Gnus: | |
5130 | |
5131 @example | |
5132 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus' | |
5133 gnus | |
5134 @end example | |
5135 | |
5136 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader | |
5137 from your @file{.emacs} file. This would cause problems if you needed to run | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5138 two copies of Emacs at the same time. Also, this would make it difficult for |
25474 | 5139 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to. |
5140 | |
5141 @node Reading news with Emacs, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Mail and news | |
5142 @section How do I read news under Emacs? | |
5143 @cindex Reading news under Emacs | |
5144 @cindex Usenet reader in Emacs | |
5145 @cindex Gnus newsreader | |
5146 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5147 Use @kbd{M-x gnus}. It is documented in Info (@pxref{Learning how to do |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5148 something}). |
25474 | 5149 |
5150 @node Gnus does not work with NNTP, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Reading news with Emacs, Mail and news | |
5151 @section Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP? | |
5152 @cindex Gnus and NNTP | |
5153 @cindex NNTP, Gnus fails to work with | |
5154 | |
5155 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests | |
5156 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one | |
5157 before blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version | |
5158 1.5.11 claims to fix this. | |
5159 | |
5160 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this: | |
5161 | |
5162 @lisp | |
5163 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1) | |
5164 @end lisp | |
5165 | |
5166 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by | |
5167 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5168 (i.e., @kbd{telnet server-machine 119}). The server should give its |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5169 version number in the welcome message. Type @kbd{quit} to get out. |
25474 | 5170 |
25476
b776520fb36d
General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
25474
diff
changeset
|
5171 @xref{Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode}, for some additional ideas. |
25474 | 5172 |
5173 @node Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Mail and news | |
5174 @section How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)? | |
5175 @cindex Underlining, embedded in news articles | |
5176 @cindex News articles with embedded underlining | |
5177 @cindex Embedded underlining in news articles | |
5178 | |
5179 Underlining appears like this: | |
5180 | |
5181 @example | |
5182 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg | |
5183 @end example | |
5184 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5185 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen} suggests using the following |
25474 | 5186 code, which uses the underline face to turn such text into true |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5187 underlining, inconjunction with Gnus: |
25474 | 5188 |
5189 @lisp | |
5190 (defun gnus-article-prepare-overstrike () | |
5191 ;; Prepare article for overstrike commands. | |
5192 (save-excursion | |
5193 (set-buffer gnus-article-buffer) | |
5194 (let ((buffer-read-only nil)) | |
5195 (goto-char (point-min)) | |
5196 (while (search-forward "\b" nil t) | |
5197 (let ((next (following-char)) | |
5198 (previous (char-after (- (point) 2)))) | |
5199 (cond ((eq next previous) | |
5200 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point)) | |
5201 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) | |
5202 'face 'bold)) | |
5203 ((eq next ?_) | |
5204 (delete-region (1- (point)) (1+ (point))) | |
5205 (put-text-property (1- (point)) (point) | |
5206 'face 'underline)) | |
5207 ((eq previous ?_) | |
5208 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point)) | |
5209 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) | |
5210 'face 'underline)))))))) | |
5211 | |
5212 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-overstrike) | |
5213 @end lisp | |
5214 | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5215 Latest versions of Gnus do such a conversion automatically. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5216 |
25474 | 5217 If you prefer to do away with underlining altogether, you can |
5218 destructively remove it with @kbd{M-x ununderline-region}; do this | |
5219 automatically via | |
5220 | |
5221 @lisp | |
5222 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook | |
34151
33df9c2e70bf
Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents:
30692
diff
changeset
|
5223 (lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max)))) |
25474 | 5224 @end lisp |
5225 | |
5226 @node Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Starting Gnus faster, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Mail and news | |
5227 @section How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus? | |
5228 @cindex Multi-part postings in Gnus, saving | |
5229 @cindex Saving multi-part postings in Gnus | |
5230 @cindex Gnus, saving multi-part postings in | |
5231 | |
5232 Use @code{gnus-uu}. Type @kbd{C-c C-v C-h} in the Gnus summary buffer | |
5233 to see a list of available commands. | |
5234 | |
5235 @node Starting Gnus faster, Catching up in all newsgroups, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Mail and news | |
5236 @section How do I make Gnus start up faster? | |
5237 @cindex Faster, starting Gnus | |
5238 @cindex Starting Gnus faster | |
5239 @cindex Gnus, starting faster | |
5240 | |
5241 From the Gnus FAQ (@pxref{Learning more about Gnus}): | |
5242 | |
5243 @quotation | |
5244 @email{pktiwari@@eos.ncsu.edu, Pranav Kumar Tiwari} writes: I posted | |
5245 the same query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to | |
5246 repeat the answer. What you need is a newer version of gnus, version | |
5247 5.0.4+. I am using 5.0.12 and it works fine with me with the | |
5248 following settings: | |
5249 | |
5250 @lisp | |
5251 (setq gnus-check-new-newsgroups nil | |
5252 gnus-read-active-file 'some | |
5253 gnus-nov-is-evil nil | |
5254 gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server)) | |
5255 @end lisp | |
5256 @end quotation | |
5257 | |
5258 @node Catching up in all newsgroups, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Starting Gnus faster, Mail and news | |
5259 @section How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus? | |
5260 @cindex Catching up all newsgroups in Gnus | |
5261 @cindex Gnus, Catching up all newsgroups in | |
5262 | |
5263 In the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer, type @kbd{M-< C-x ( c y C-x ) M-0 C-x e} | |
5264 | |
5265 Leave off the initial @kbd{M-<} if you only want to catch up from point | |
5266 to the end of the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer. | |
5267 | |
5268 @node Killing based on nonstandard headers, Removing flashing messages, Catching up in all newsgroups, Mail and news | |
5269 @section Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control headers? | |
5270 @cindex Killing articles based on nonstandard headers | |
5271 @cindex Newsgroups header, killing articles based on | |
5272 @cindex Keywords header, killing articles based on | |
5273 @cindex Control header, killing articles based on | |
5274 | |
5275 Gnus will complain that the @samp{Newsgroups}, @samp{Keywords}, and | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5276 @samp{Control} headers are ``Unknown header'' fields. |
25474 | 5277 |
5278 For the @samp{Newsgroups} header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the | |
5279 @samp{Xref} header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article | |
5280 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group). | |
5281 | |
5282 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like | |
5283 this: | |
5284 | |
5285 @lisp | |
5286 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)") | |
5287 @end lisp | |
5288 | |
5289 @node Removing flashing messages, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Mail and news | |
5290 @section How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections? | |
5291 @cindex Flashing Gnus messages, removing | |
5292 @cindex Removing flashing Gnus messages | |
5293 @cindex Slow connections causing flashing messages in Gnus | |
5294 @cindex Gnus, flashing messages in | |
5295 | |
5296 Set @code{nntp-debug-read} to @code{nil}. | |
5297 | |
5298 @node Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Gnus hangs for a long time, Removing flashing messages, Mail and news | |
5299 @section Why is catch up slow in Gnus? | |
5300 @cindex Slow catch up in Gnus | |
5301 @cindex Gnus is slow when catching up | |
5302 @cindex Crosspostings make Gnus catching up slow | |
5303 | |
5304 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with | |
5305 the variable @code{gnus-use-cross-reference}. | |
5306 | |
5307 @node Gnus hangs for a long time, Learning more about Gnus, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Mail and news | |
5308 @section Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting? | |
5309 @cindex Hangs in Gnus | |
5310 @cindex Gnus hangs while posting | |
5311 @cindex Posting, Gnus hangs wile | |
5312 | |
5313 @email{tale@@uunet.uu.net, David Lawrence} explains: | |
5314 | |
5315 @quotation | |
5316 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5317 POST asks C News's @code{inews} to not background itself but rather hang |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5318 around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was successful. |
25474 | 5319 (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status of the |
5320 waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up taking a | |
34741
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5321 long time because @code{inews} is calling @code{relaynews}, which often |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5322 waits for another @code{relaynews} to free the lock on the news system |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5323 so it can file the article. |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5324 |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5325 My preferred solution is to change @code{inews} to not call |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5326 @code{relaynews}, but rather use @code{newsspool}. This loses some |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5327 error-catching functionality, but is for the most part safe as |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5328 @code{inews} will detect a lot of the errors on its own. The C News |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5329 folks have sped up @code{inews}, too, so speed should look better to |
13240ff7920b
Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
34151
diff
changeset
|
5330 most folks as that update propagates around. |
25474 | 5331 @end quotation |
5332 | |
5333 @node Learning more about Gnus, , Gnus hangs for a long time, Mail and news | |
5334 @section Where can I find out more about Gnus? | |
5335 @cindex FAQ for Gnus | |
5336 @cindex Gnus FAQ | |
50791
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
5337 @cindex Learning more about Gnus |
f9b4ffb4964d
Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents:
50780
diff
changeset
|
5338 |
50954 | 5339 For more information on Gnus, consult the Gnus manual and FAQ, which are |
5340 part of the Gnus distribution. | |
25474 | 5341 |
5342 @node Concept index, , Mail and news, Top | |
5343 @unnumbered Concept Index | |
5344 @printindex cp | |
5345 | |
5346 @contents | |
5347 @bye | |
52401 | 5348 |
5349 @ignore | |
5350 arch-tag: fee0d62d-06cf-43d8-ac21-123408eaf10f | |
5351 @end ignore |