Mercurial > emacs
annotate lispref/display.texi @ 71803:d35d3efc3d99
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author | Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk> |
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date | Tue, 11 Jul 2006 20:13:59 +0000 |
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64174 | 1 @c -*-texinfo-*- |
6598 | 2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. |
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, |
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4 @c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
6598 | 5 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions. |
6 @setfilename ../info/display | |
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7 @node Display, System Interface, Processes, Top |
6598 | 8 @chapter Emacs Display |
9 | |
10 This chapter describes a number of features related to the display | |
11 that Emacs presents to the user. | |
12 | |
13 @menu | |
14 * Refresh Screen:: Clearing the screen and redrawing everything on it. | |
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15 * Forcing Redisplay:: Forcing redisplay. |
6598 | 16 * Truncation:: Folding or wrapping long text lines. |
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17 * The Echo Area:: Displaying messages at the bottom of the screen. |
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18 * Warnings:: Displaying warning messages for the user. |
12067 | 19 * Invisible Text:: Hiding part of the buffer text. |
20 * Selective Display:: Hiding part of the buffer text (the old way). | |
6598 | 21 * Temporary Displays:: Displays that go away automatically. |
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22 * Overlays:: Use overlays to highlight parts of the buffer. |
25875 | 23 * Width:: How wide a character or string is on the screen. |
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24 * Line Height:: Controlling the height of lines. |
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25 * Faces:: A face defines a graphics style for text characters: |
25875 | 26 font, colors, etc. |
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27 * Fringes:: Controlling window fringes. |
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28 * Scroll Bars:: Controlling vertical scroll bars. |
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29 * Display Property:: Enabling special display features. |
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30 * Images:: Displaying images in Emacs buffers. |
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31 * Buttons:: Adding clickable buttons to Emacs buffers. |
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32 * Abstract Display:: Emacs' Widget for Object Collections. |
6598 | 33 * Blinking:: How Emacs shows the matching open parenthesis. |
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34 * Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying nonprinting chars. |
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35 * Display Tables:: How to specify other conventions. |
6598 | 36 * Beeping:: Audible signal to the user. |
37 * Window Systems:: Which window system is being used. | |
38 @end menu | |
39 | |
40 @node Refresh Screen | |
41 @section Refreshing the Screen | |
42 | |
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43 The function @code{redraw-frame} clears and redisplays the entire |
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44 contents of a given frame (@pxref{Frames}). This is useful if the |
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45 screen is corrupted. |
6598 | 46 |
47 @c Emacs 19 feature | |
48 @defun redraw-frame frame | |
49 This function clears and redisplays frame @var{frame}. | |
50 @end defun | |
51 | |
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52 Even more powerful is @code{redraw-display}: |
6598 | 53 |
54 @deffn Command redraw-display | |
55 This function clears and redisplays all visible frames. | |
56 @end deffn | |
57 | |
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58 This function calls for redisplay of certain windows, the next time |
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59 redisplay is done, but does not clear them first. |
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60 |
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61 @defun force-window-update &optional object |
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62 This function forces some or all windows to be updated on next redisplay. |
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63 If @var{object} is a window, it forces redisplay of that window. If |
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64 @var{object} is a buffer or buffer name, it forces redisplay of all |
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65 windows displaying that buffer. If @var{object} is @code{nil} (or |
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66 omitted), it forces redisplay of all windows. |
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67 @end defun |
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68 |
12098 | 69 Processing user input takes absolute priority over redisplay. If you |
70 call these functions when input is available, they do nothing | |
71 immediately, but a full redisplay does happen eventually---after all the | |
72 input has been processed. | |
73 | |
6598 | 74 Normally, suspending and resuming Emacs also refreshes the screen. |
75 Some terminal emulators record separate contents for display-oriented | |
76 programs such as Emacs and for ordinary sequential display. If you are | |
77 using such a terminal, you might want to inhibit the redisplay on | |
9009 | 78 resumption. |
6598 | 79 |
80 @defvar no-redraw-on-reenter | |
81 @cindex suspend (cf. @code{no-redraw-on-reenter}) | |
82 @cindex resume (cf. @code{no-redraw-on-reenter}) | |
83 This variable controls whether Emacs redraws the entire screen after it | |
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84 has been suspended and resumed. Non-@code{nil} means there is no need |
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85 to redraw, @code{nil} means redrawing is needed. The default is @code{nil}. |
6598 | 86 @end defvar |
87 | |
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88 @node Forcing Redisplay |
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89 @section Forcing Redisplay |
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90 @cindex forcing redisplay |
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91 |
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92 Emacs redisplay normally stops if input arrives, and does not happen |
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93 at all if input is available before it starts. Most of the time, this |
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94 is exactly what you want. However, you can prevent preemption by |
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95 binding @code{redisplay-dont-pause} to a non-@code{nil} value. |
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96 |
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97 @defvar redisplay-preemption-period |
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98 This variable specifies how many seconds Emacs waits between checks |
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99 for new input during redisplay. (The default is 0.1 seconds.) If |
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100 input has arrived when Emacs checks, it pre-empts redisplay and |
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101 processes the available input before trying again to redisplay. |
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102 |
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103 If this variable is @code{nil}, Emacs does not check for input during |
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104 redisplay, and redisplay cannot be preempted by input. |
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105 |
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106 @emph{Note} that this variable is only available if Emacs is built |
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107 with support for sub-second timers. |
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108 @end defvar |
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109 |
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110 @defvar redisplay-dont-pause |
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111 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, pending input does not |
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112 prevent or halt redisplay; redisplay occurs, and finishes, |
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113 regardless of whether input is available. |
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114 @end defvar |
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115 |
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116 @defun redisplay &optional force |
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117 This function performs an immediate redisplay provided there are no |
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118 pending input events. This is equivalent to @code{(sit-for 0)}. |
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119 |
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120 If the optional argument @var{force} is non-@code{nil}, it forces an |
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121 immediate and complete redisplay even if input is available. |
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122 @end defun |
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123 |
6598 | 124 @node Truncation |
125 @section Truncation | |
126 @cindex line wrapping | |
127 @cindex continuation lines | |
128 @cindex @samp{$} in display | |
129 @cindex @samp{\} in display | |
130 | |
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131 When a line of text extends beyond the right edge of a window, Emacs |
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132 can @dfn{continue} the line (make it ``wrap'' to the next screen |
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133 line), or @dfn{truncate} the line (limit it to one screen line). The |
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134 additional screen lines used to display a long text line are called |
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135 @dfn{continuation} lines. Continuation is not the same as filling; |
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136 continuation happens on the screen only, not in the buffer contents, |
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137 and it breaks a line precisely at the right margin, not at a word |
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138 boundary. @xref{Filling}. |
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139 |
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140 On a graphical display, tiny arrow images in the window fringes |
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141 indicate truncated and continued lines (@pxref{Fringes}). On a text |
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142 terminal, a @samp{$} in the rightmost column of the window indicates |
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143 truncation; a @samp{\} on the rightmost column indicates a line that |
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144 ``wraps''. (The display table can specify alternate characters to use |
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145 for this; @pxref{Display Tables}). |
6598 | 146 |
147 @defopt truncate-lines | |
148 This buffer-local variable controls how Emacs displays lines that extend | |
149 beyond the right edge of the window. The default is @code{nil}, which | |
150 specifies continuation. If the value is non-@code{nil}, then these | |
151 lines are truncated. | |
152 | |
153 If the variable @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} is non-@code{nil}, | |
154 then truncation is always used for side-by-side windows (within one | |
155 frame) regardless of the value of @code{truncate-lines}. | |
156 @end defopt | |
157 | |
12098 | 158 @defopt default-truncate-lines |
6598 | 159 This variable is the default value for @code{truncate-lines}, for |
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160 buffers that do not have buffer-local values for it. |
12098 | 161 @end defopt |
6598 | 162 |
163 @defopt truncate-partial-width-windows | |
164 This variable controls display of lines that extend beyond the right | |
165 edge of the window, in side-by-side windows (@pxref{Splitting Windows}). | |
166 If it is non-@code{nil}, these lines are truncated; otherwise, | |
167 @code{truncate-lines} says what to do with them. | |
168 @end defopt | |
169 | |
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170 When horizontal scrolling (@pxref{Horizontal Scrolling}) is in use in |
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171 a window, that forces truncation. |
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172 |
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173 If your buffer contains @emph{very} long lines, and you use |
12067 | 174 continuation to display them, just thinking about them can make Emacs |
12098 | 175 redisplay slow. The column computation and indentation functions also |
176 become slow. Then you might find it advisable to set | |
177 @code{cache-long-line-scans} to @code{t}. | |
12067 | 178 |
179 @defvar cache-long-line-scans | |
180 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, various indentation and motion | |
12098 | 181 functions, and Emacs redisplay, cache the results of scanning the |
182 buffer, and consult the cache to avoid rescanning regions of the buffer | |
183 unless they are modified. | |
12067 | 184 |
12098 | 185 Turning on the cache slows down processing of short lines somewhat. |
12067 | 186 |
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187 This variable is automatically buffer-local in every buffer. |
12067 | 188 @end defvar |
189 | |
6598 | 190 @node The Echo Area |
191 @section The Echo Area | |
192 @cindex error display | |
193 @cindex echo area | |
194 | |
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195 The @dfn{echo area} is used for displaying error messages |
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196 (@pxref{Errors}), for messages made with the @code{message} primitive, |
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197 and for echoing keystrokes. It is not the same as the minibuffer, |
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198 despite the fact that the minibuffer appears (when active) in the same |
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199 place on the screen as the echo area. The @cite{GNU Emacs Manual} |
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200 specifies the rules for resolving conflicts between the echo area and |
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201 the minibuffer for use of that screen space (@pxref{Minibuffer,, The |
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202 Minibuffer, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
6598 | 203 |
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204 You can write output in the echo area by using the Lisp printing |
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205 functions with @code{t} as the stream (@pxref{Output Functions}), or |
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206 explicitly. |
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207 |
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208 @menu |
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209 * Displaying Messages:: Explicitly displaying text in the echo area. |
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210 * Progress:: Informing user about progress of a long operation. |
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211 * Logging Messages:: Echo area messages are logged for the user. |
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212 * Echo Area Customization:: Controlling the echo area. |
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213 @end menu |
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214 |
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215 @node Displaying Messages |
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216 @subsection Displaying Messages in the Echo Area |
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217 |
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218 This section describes the functions for explicitly producing echo |
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219 area messages. Many other Emacs features display messages there, too. |
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221 @defun message format-string &rest arguments |
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222 This function displays a message in the echo area. The argument |
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223 @var{format-string} is similar to a C language @code{printf} format |
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224 string. See @code{format} in @ref{Formatting Strings}, for the details |
6598 | 225 on the conversion specifications. @code{message} returns the |
226 constructed string. | |
227 | |
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228 In batch mode, @code{message} prints the message text on the standard |
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229 error stream, followed by a newline. |
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230 |
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231 If @var{format-string}, or strings among the @var{arguments}, have |
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232 @code{face} text properties, these affect the way the message is displayed. |
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233 |
6598 | 234 @c Emacs 19 feature |
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235 If @var{format-string} is @code{nil} or the empty string, |
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236 @code{message} clears the echo area; if the echo area has been |
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237 expanded automatically, this brings it back to its normal size. |
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238 If the minibuffer is active, this brings the minibuffer contents back |
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239 onto the screen immediately. |
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240 |
6598 | 241 @example |
242 @group | |
243 (message "Minibuffer depth is %d." | |
244 (minibuffer-depth)) | |
245 @print{} Minibuffer depth is 0. | |
246 @result{} "Minibuffer depth is 0." | |
247 @end group | |
248 | |
249 @group | |
250 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
251 Minibuffer depth is 0. | |
252 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
253 @end group | |
254 @end example | |
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255 |
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256 To automatically display a message in the echo area or in a pop-buffer, |
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257 depending on its size, use @code{display-message-or-buffer} (see below). |
6598 | 258 @end defun |
259 | |
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260 @defmac with-temp-message message &rest body |
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261 This construct displays a message in the echo area temporarily, during |
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262 the execution of @var{body}. It displays @var{message}, executes |
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263 @var{body}, then returns the value of the last body form while restoring |
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264 the previous echo area contents. |
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265 @end defmac |
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266 |
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267 @defun message-or-box format-string &rest arguments |
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268 This function displays a message like @code{message}, but may display it |
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269 in a dialog box instead of the echo area. If this function is called in |
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270 a command that was invoked using the mouse---more precisely, if |
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271 @code{last-nonmenu-event} (@pxref{Command Loop Info}) is either |
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272 @code{nil} or a list---then it uses a dialog box or pop-up menu to |
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273 display the message. Otherwise, it uses the echo area. (This is the |
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274 same criterion that @code{y-or-n-p} uses to make a similar decision; see |
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275 @ref{Yes-or-No Queries}.) |
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276 |
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277 You can force use of the mouse or of the echo area by binding |
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278 @code{last-nonmenu-event} to a suitable value around the call. |
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279 @end defun |
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280 |
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281 @defun message-box format-string &rest arguments |
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282 This function displays a message like @code{message}, but uses a dialog |
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283 box (or a pop-up menu) whenever that is possible. If it is impossible |
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284 to use a dialog box or pop-up menu, because the terminal does not |
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285 support them, then @code{message-box} uses the echo area, like |
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286 @code{message}. |
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287 @end defun |
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288 |
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289 @defun display-message-or-buffer message &optional buffer-name not-this-window frame |
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290 This function displays the message @var{message}, which may be either a |
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291 string or a buffer. If it is shorter than the maximum height of the |
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292 echo area, as defined by @code{max-mini-window-height}, it is displayed |
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293 in the echo area, using @code{message}. Otherwise, |
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294 @code{display-buffer} is used to show it in a pop-up buffer. |
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295 |
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296 Returns either the string shown in the echo area, or when a pop-up |
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297 buffer is used, the window used to display it. |
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298 |
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299 If @var{message} is a string, then the optional argument |
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300 @var{buffer-name} is the name of the buffer used to display it when a |
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301 pop-up buffer is used, defaulting to @samp{*Message*}. In the case |
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302 where @var{message} is a string and displayed in the echo area, it is |
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303 not specified whether the contents are inserted into the buffer anyway. |
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304 |
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305 The optional arguments @var{not-this-window} and @var{frame} are as for |
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306 @code{display-buffer}, and only used if a buffer is displayed. |
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307 @end defun |
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308 |
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309 @defun current-message |
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310 This function returns the message currently being displayed in the |
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311 echo area, or @code{nil} if there is none. |
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312 @end defun |
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313 |
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314 @node Progress |
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315 @subsection Reporting Operation Progress |
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316 @cindex progress reporting |
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317 |
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318 When an operation can take a while to finish, you should inform the |
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319 user about the progress it makes. This way the user can estimate |
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320 remaining time and clearly see that Emacs is busy working, not hung. |
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321 |
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322 Functions listed in this section provide simple and efficient way of |
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323 reporting operation progress. Here is a working example that does |
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324 nothing useful: |
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325 |
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326 @smallexample |
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327 (let ((progress-reporter |
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328 (make-progress-reporter "Collecting mana for Emacs..." |
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329 0 500))) |
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330 (dotimes (k 500) |
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331 (sit-for 0.01) |
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332 (progress-reporter-update progress-reporter k)) |
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333 (progress-reporter-done progress-reporter)) |
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334 @end smallexample |
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335 |
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336 @defun make-progress-reporter message min-value max-value &optional current-value min-change min-time |
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337 This function creates and returns a @dfn{progress reporter}---an |
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338 object you will use as an argument for all other functions listed |
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339 here. The idea is to precompute as much data as possible to make |
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340 progress reporting very fast. |
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341 |
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342 When this progress reporter is subsequently used, it will display |
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343 @var{message} in the echo area, followed by progress percentage. |
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344 @var{message} is treated as a simple string. If you need it to depend |
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345 on a filename, for instance, use @code{format} before calling this |
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346 function. |
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347 |
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348 @var{min-value} and @var{max-value} arguments stand for starting and |
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349 final states of your operation. For instance, if you scan a buffer, |
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350 they should be the results of @code{point-min} and @code{point-max} |
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351 correspondingly. It is required that @var{max-value} is greater than |
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352 @var{min-value}. If you create progress reporter when some part of |
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353 the operation has already been completed, then specify |
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354 @var{current-value} argument. But normally you should omit it or set |
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355 it to @code{nil}---it will default to @var{min-value} then. |
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356 |
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357 Remaining arguments control the rate of echo area updates. Progress |
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358 reporter will wait for at least @var{min-change} more percents of the |
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359 operation to be completed before printing next message. |
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360 @var{min-time} specifies the minimum time in seconds to pass between |
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361 successive prints. It can be fractional. Depending on Emacs and |
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362 system capabilities, progress reporter may or may not respect this |
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363 last argument or do it with varying precision. Default value for |
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364 @var{min-change} is 1 (one percent), for @var{min-time}---0.2 |
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365 (seconds.) |
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366 |
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367 This function calls @code{progress-reporter-update}, so the first |
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368 message is printed immediately. |
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369 @end defun |
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370 |
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371 @defun progress-reporter-update reporter value |
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372 This function does the main work of reporting progress of your |
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373 operation. It displays the message of @var{reporter}, followed by |
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374 progress percentage determined by @var{value}. If percentage is zero, |
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375 or close enough according to the @var{min-change} and @var{min-time} |
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376 arguments, then it is omitted from the output. |
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377 |
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378 @var{reporter} must be the result of a call to |
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379 @code{make-progress-reporter}. @var{value} specifies the current |
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380 state of your operation and must be between @var{min-value} and |
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381 @var{max-value} (inclusive) as passed to |
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382 @code{make-progress-reporter}. For instance, if you scan a buffer, |
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383 then @var{value} should be the result of a call to @code{point}. |
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384 |
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385 This function respects @var{min-change} and @var{min-time} as passed |
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386 to @code{make-progress-reporter} and so does not output new messages |
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387 on every invocation. It is thus very fast and normally you should not |
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388 try to reduce the number of calls to it: resulting overhead will most |
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389 likely negate your effort. |
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390 @end defun |
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391 |
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392 @defun progress-reporter-force-update reporter value &optional new-message |
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393 This function is similar to @code{progress-reporter-update} except |
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394 that it prints a message in the echo area unconditionally. |
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395 |
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396 The first two arguments have the same meaning as for |
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397 @code{progress-reporter-update}. Optional @var{new-message} allows |
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398 you to change the message of the @var{reporter}. Since this functions |
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399 always updates the echo area, such a change will be immediately |
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400 presented to the user. |
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401 @end defun |
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402 |
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403 @defun progress-reporter-done reporter |
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404 This function should be called when the operation is finished. It |
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405 prints the message of @var{reporter} followed by word ``done'' in the |
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406 echo area. |
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407 |
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408 You should always call this function and not hope for |
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409 @code{progress-reporter-update} to print ``100%.'' Firstly, it may |
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410 never print it, there are many good reasons for this not to happen. |
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411 Secondly, ``done'' is more explicit. |
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412 @end defun |
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413 |
66143 | 414 @defmac dotimes-with-progress-reporter (var count [result]) message body@dots{} |
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415 This is a convenience macro that works the same way as @code{dotimes} |
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416 does, but also reports loop progress using the functions described |
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417 above. It allows you to save some typing. |
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418 |
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419 You can rewrite the example in the beginning of this node using |
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420 this macro this way: |
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421 |
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422 @example |
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423 (dotimes-with-progress-reporter |
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424 (k 500) |
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425 "Collecting some mana for Emacs..." |
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426 (sit-for 0.01)) |
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427 @end example |
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428 @end defmac |
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429 |
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430 @node Logging Messages |
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431 @subsection Logging Messages in @samp{*Messages*} |
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432 @cindex logging echo-area messages |
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433 |
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434 Almost all the messages displayed in the echo area are also recorded |
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435 in the @samp{*Messages*} buffer so that the user can refer back to |
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436 them. This includes all the messages that are output with |
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437 @code{message}. |
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438 |
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439 @defopt message-log-max |
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440 This variable specifies how many lines to keep in the @samp{*Messages*} |
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441 buffer. The value @code{t} means there is no limit on how many lines to |
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442 keep. The value @code{nil} disables message logging entirely. Here's |
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443 how to display a message and prevent it from being logged: |
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444 |
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445 @example |
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446 (let (message-log-max) |
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447 (message @dots{})) |
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448 @end example |
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449 @end defopt |
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450 |
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451 To make @samp{*Messages*} more convenient for the user, the logging |
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452 facility combines successive identical messages. It also combines |
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453 successive related messages for the sake of two cases: question |
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454 followed by answer, and a series of progress messages. |
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455 |
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456 A ``question followed by an answer'' means two messages like the |
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457 ones produced by @code{y-or-n-p}: the first is @samp{@var{question}}, |
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458 and the second is @samp{@var{question}...@var{answer}}. The first |
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459 message conveys no additional information beyond what's in the second, |
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460 so logging the second message discards the first from the log. |
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461 |
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462 A ``series of progress messages'' means successive messages like |
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463 those produced by @code{make-progress-reporter}. They have the form |
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464 @samp{@var{base}...@var{how-far}}, where @var{base} is the same each |
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465 time, while @var{how-far} varies. Logging each message in the series |
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466 discards the previous one, provided they are consecutive. |
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467 |
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468 The functions @code{make-progress-reporter} and @code{y-or-n-p} |
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469 don't have to do anything special to activate the message log |
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470 combination feature. It operates whenever two consecutive messages |
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471 are logged that share a common prefix ending in @samp{...}. |
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472 |
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473 @node Echo Area Customization |
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474 @subsection Echo Area Customization |
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475 |
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476 These variables control details of how the echo area works. |
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477 |
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478 @defvar cursor-in-echo-area |
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479 This variable controls where the cursor appears when a message is |
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480 displayed in the echo area. If it is non-@code{nil}, then the cursor |
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481 appears at the end of the message. Otherwise, the cursor appears at |
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482 point---not in the echo area at all. |
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483 |
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484 The value is normally @code{nil}; Lisp programs bind it to @code{t} |
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485 for brief periods of time. |
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486 @end defvar |
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487 |
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488 @defvar echo-area-clear-hook |
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489 This normal hook is run whenever the echo area is cleared---either by |
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490 @code{(message nil)} or for any other reason. |
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491 @end defvar |
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492 |
12098 | 493 @defvar echo-keystrokes |
494 This variable determines how much time should elapse before command | |
27971 | 495 characters echo. Its value must be an integer or floating point number, |
496 which specifies the | |
12098 | 497 number of seconds to wait before echoing. If the user types a prefix |
498 key (such as @kbd{C-x}) and then delays this many seconds before | |
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499 continuing, the prefix key is echoed in the echo area. (Once echoing |
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500 begins in a key sequence, all subsequent characters in the same key |
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501 sequence are echoed immediately.) |
12098 | 502 |
503 If the value is zero, then command input is not echoed. | |
504 @end defvar | |
505 | |
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506 @defvar message-truncate-lines |
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507 Normally, displaying a long message resizes the echo area to display |
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508 the entire message. But if the variable @code{message-truncate-lines} |
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509 is non-@code{nil}, the echo area does not resize, and the message is |
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510 truncated to fit it, as in Emacs 20 and before. |
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511 @end defvar |
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512 |
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513 The variable @code{max-mini-window-height}, which specifies the |
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514 maximum height for resizing minibuffer windows, also applies to the |
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515 echo area (which is really a special use of the minibuffer window. |
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516 @xref{Minibuffer Misc}. |
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517 |
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518 @node Warnings |
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519 @section Reporting Warnings |
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520 @cindex warnings |
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521 |
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522 @dfn{Warnings} are a facility for a program to inform the user of a |
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523 possible problem, but continue running. |
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524 |
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525 @menu |
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526 * Warning Basics:: Warnings concepts and functions to report them. |
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527 * Warning Variables:: Variables programs bind to customize their warnings. |
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528 * Warning Options:: Variables users set to control display of warnings. |
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529 @end menu |
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530 |
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531 @node Warning Basics |
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532 @subsection Warning Basics |
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533 @cindex severity level |
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534 |
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535 Every warning has a textual message, which explains the problem for |
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536 the user, and a @dfn{severity level} which is a symbol. Here are the |
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537 possible severity levels, in order of decreasing severity, and their |
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538 meanings: |
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539 |
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540 @table @code |
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541 @item :emergency |
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542 A problem that will seriously impair Emacs operation soon |
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543 if you do not attend to it promptly. |
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544 @item :error |
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545 A report of data or circumstances that are inherently wrong. |
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546 @item :warning |
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547 A report of data or circumstances that are not inherently wrong, but |
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548 raise suspicion of a possible problem. |
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|
549 @item :debug |
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52002
diff
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|
550 A report of information that may be useful if you are debugging. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
551 @end table |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
552 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
553 When your program encounters invalid input data, it can either |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
554 signal a Lisp error by calling @code{error} or @code{signal} or report |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
555 a warning with severity @code{:error}. Signaling a Lisp error is the |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
556 easiest thing to do, but it means the program cannot continue |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
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|
557 processing. If you want to take the trouble to implement a way to |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
558 continue processing despite the bad data, then reporting a warning of |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
559 severity @code{:error} is the right way to inform the user of the |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
560 problem. For instance, the Emacs Lisp byte compiler can report an |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
561 error that way and continue compiling other functions. (If the |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
562 program signals a Lisp error and then handles it with |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
563 @code{condition-case}, the user won't see the error message; it could |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
564 show the message to the user by reporting it as a warning.) |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
565 |
52156
198af82c7606
(Warning Basics): Fix typo.
John Paul Wallington <jpw@pobox.com>
parents:
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diff
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|
566 @cindex warning type |
52141
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
567 Each warning has a @dfn{warning type} to classify it. The type is a |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
568 list of symbols. The first symbol should be the custom group that you |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
569 use for the program's user options. For example, byte compiler |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
570 warnings use the warning type @code{(bytecomp)}. You can also |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
571 subcategorize the warnings, if you wish, by using more symbols in the |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
572 list. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
573 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
574 @defun display-warning type message &optional level buffer-name |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
575 This function reports a warning, using @var{message} as the message |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
576 and @var{type} as the warning type. @var{level} should be the |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
577 severity level, with @code{:warning} being the default. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
578 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
579 @var{buffer-name}, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the name of the buffer |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
580 for logging the warning. By default, it is @samp{*Warnings*}. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
581 @end defun |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
582 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
583 @defun lwarn type level message &rest args |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
584 This function reports a warning using the value of @code{(format |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
585 @var{message} @var{args}...)} as the message. In other respects it is |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
586 equivalent to @code{display-warning}. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
587 @end defun |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
588 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
589 @defun warn message &rest args |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
590 This function reports a warning using the value of @code{(format |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
591 @var{message} @var{args}...)} as the message, @code{(emacs)} as the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
592 type, and @code{:warning} as the severity level. It exists for |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
593 compatibility only; we recommend not using it, because you should |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
594 specify a specific warning type. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
595 @end defun |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
596 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
597 @node Warning Variables |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
598 @subsection Warning Variables |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
599 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
600 Programs can customize how their warnings appear by binding |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
601 the variables described in this section. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
602 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
603 @defvar warning-levels |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
604 This list defines the meaning and severity order of the warning |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
605 severity levels. Each element defines one severity level, |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
606 and they are arranged in order of decreasing severity. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
607 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
608 Each element has the form @code{(@var{level} @var{string} |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
609 @var{function})}, where @var{level} is the severity level it defines. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
610 @var{string} specifies the textual description of this level. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
611 @var{string} should use @samp{%s} to specify where to put the warning |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
612 type information, or it can omit the @samp{%s} so as not to include |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
613 that information. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
614 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
615 The optional @var{function}, if non-@code{nil}, is a function to call |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
616 with no arguments, to get the user's attention. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
617 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
618 Normally you should not change the value of this variable. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
619 @end defvar |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
620 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
621 @defvar warning-prefix-function |
54023 | 622 If non-@code{nil}, the value is a function to generate prefix text for |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
623 warnings. Programs can bind the variable to a suitable function. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
624 @code{display-warning} calls this function with the warnings buffer |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
625 current, and the function can insert text in it. That text becomes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
626 the beginning of the warning message. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
627 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
628 The function is called with two arguments, the severity level and its |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
629 entry in @code{warning-levels}. It should return a list to use as the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
630 entry (this value need not be an actual member of |
54023 | 631 @code{warning-levels}). By constructing this value, the function can |
52141
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
632 change the severity of the warning, or specify different handling for |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
633 a given severity level. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
634 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
635 If the variable's value is @code{nil} then there is no function |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
636 to call. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
637 @end defvar |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
638 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
639 @defvar warning-series |
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
640 Programs can bind this variable to @code{t} to say that the next |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
641 warning should begin a series. When several warnings form a series, |
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
642 that means to leave point on the first warning of the series, rather |
54023 | 643 than keep moving it for each warning so that it appears on the last one. |
52141
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
diff
changeset
|
644 The series ends when the local binding is unbound and |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
645 @code{warning-series} becomes @code{nil} again. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
646 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
647 The value can also be a symbol with a function definition. That is |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
648 equivalent to @code{t}, except that the next warning will also call |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
649 the function with no arguments with the warnings buffer current. The |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
650 function can insert text which will serve as a header for the series |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
651 of warnings. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
652 |
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
653 Once a series has begun, the value is a marker which points to the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
654 buffer position in the warnings buffer of the start of the series. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
655 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
656 The variable's normal value is @code{nil}, which means to handle |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
657 each warning separately. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
658 @end defvar |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
659 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
660 @defvar warning-fill-prefix |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
661 When this variable is non-@code{nil}, it specifies a fill prefix to |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
662 use for filling each warning's text. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
663 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
664 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
665 @defvar warning-type-format |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
666 This variable specifies the format for displaying the warning type |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
667 in the warning message. The result of formatting the type this way |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
668 gets included in the message under the control of the string in the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
669 entry in @code{warning-levels}. The default value is @code{" (%s)"}. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
670 If you bind it to @code{""} then the warning type won't appear at |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
671 all. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
672 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
673 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
674 @node Warning Options |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
675 @subsection Warning Options |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
676 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
677 These variables are used by users to control what happens |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
678 when a Lisp program reports a warning. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
679 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
680 @defopt warning-minimum-level |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
681 This user option specifies the minimum severity level that should be |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
682 shown immediately to the user. The default is @code{:warning}, which |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
683 means to immediately display all warnings except @code{:debug} |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
684 warnings. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
685 @end defopt |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
686 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
687 @defopt warning-minimum-log-level |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
688 This user option specifies the minimum severity level that should be |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
689 logged in the warnings buffer. The default is @code{:warning}, which |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
690 means to log all warnings except @code{:debug} warnings. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
691 @end defopt |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
692 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
693 @defopt warning-suppress-types |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
694 This list specifies which warning types should not be displayed |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
695 immediately for the user. Each element of the list should be a list |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
696 of symbols. If its elements match the first elements in a warning |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
697 type, then that warning is not displayed immediately. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
698 @end defopt |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
699 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
700 @defopt warning-suppress-log-types |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
701 This list specifies which warning types should not be logged in the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
702 warnings buffer. Each element of the list should be a list of |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
703 symbols. If it matches the first few elements in a warning type, then |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
704 that warning is not logged. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
705 @end defopt |
53422
1246d68686ac
(Refresh Screen): Add force-window-update.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
53308
diff
changeset
|
706 |
12067 | 707 @node Invisible Text |
708 @section Invisible Text | |
709 | |
710 @cindex invisible text | |
711 You can make characters @dfn{invisible}, so that they do not appear on | |
712 the screen, with the @code{invisible} property. This can be either a | |
22138
d4ac295a98b3
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21682
diff
changeset
|
713 text property (@pxref{Text Properties}) or a property of an overlay |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
714 (@pxref{Overlays}). Cursor motion also partly ignores these |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
715 characters; if the command loop finds point within them, it moves |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
716 point to the other side of them. |
12067 | 717 |
718 In the simplest case, any non-@code{nil} @code{invisible} property makes | |
719 a character invisible. This is the default case---if you don't alter | |
720 the default value of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}, this is how the | |
48948
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
721 @code{invisible} property works. You should normally use @code{t} |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
722 as the value of the @code{invisible} property if you don't plan |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
723 to set @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} yourself. |
12067 | 724 |
725 More generally, you can use the variable @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} | |
726 to control which values of the @code{invisible} property make text | |
727 invisible. This permits you to classify the text into different subsets | |
728 in advance, by giving them different @code{invisible} values, and | |
729 subsequently make various subsets visible or invisible by changing the | |
730 value of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. | |
731 | |
732 Controlling visibility with @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} is | |
25875 | 733 especially useful in a program to display the list of entries in a |
734 database. It permits the implementation of convenient filtering | |
735 commands to view just a part of the entries in the database. Setting | |
736 this variable is very fast, much faster than scanning all the text in | |
737 the buffer looking for properties to change. | |
12067 | 738 |
739 @defvar buffer-invisibility-spec | |
740 This variable specifies which kinds of @code{invisible} properties | |
56233
e4e80ee3d6db
(Invisible Text): Setting buffer-invisibility-spec makes it buffer-local.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56185
diff
changeset
|
741 actually make a character invisible. Setting this variable makes it |
e4e80ee3d6db
(Invisible Text): Setting buffer-invisibility-spec makes it buffer-local.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
56185
diff
changeset
|
742 buffer-local. |
12067 | 743 |
744 @table @asis | |
745 @item @code{t} | |
746 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property is | |
747 non-@code{nil}. This is the default. | |
748 | |
749 @item a list | |
21682
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
21007
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|
750 Each element of the list specifies a criterion for invisibility; if a |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
21007
diff
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|
751 character's @code{invisible} property fits any one of these criteria, |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
752 the character is invisible. The list can have two kinds of elements: |
12067 | 753 |
754 @table @code | |
755 @item @var{atom} | |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
756 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property value |
12067 | 757 is @var{atom} or if it is a list with @var{atom} as a member. |
758 | |
759 @item (@var{atom} . t) | |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
760 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property value |
12067 | 761 is @var{atom} or if it is a list with @var{atom} as a member. |
762 Moreover, if this character is at the end of a line and is followed | |
763 by a visible newline, it displays an ellipsis. | |
764 @end table | |
765 @end table | |
766 @end defvar | |
767 | |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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|
768 Two functions are specifically provided for adding elements to |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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changeset
|
769 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} and removing elements from it. |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
770 |
22138
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
21682
diff
changeset
|
771 @defun add-to-invisibility-spec element |
48948
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
772 This function adds the element @var{element} to |
61972
874393fa8818
(Invisible Text): Correct add-to-invisibility-spec.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61854
diff
changeset
|
773 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. If @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} |
874393fa8818
(Invisible Text): Correct add-to-invisibility-spec.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61854
diff
changeset
|
774 was @code{t}, it changes to a list, @code{(t)}, so that text whose |
874393fa8818
(Invisible Text): Correct add-to-invisibility-spec.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
61854
diff
changeset
|
775 @code{invisible} property is @code{t} remains invisible. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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|
776 @end defun |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
777 |
22138
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
21682
diff
changeset
|
778 @defun remove-from-invisibility-spec element |
54023 | 779 This removes the element @var{element} from |
48948
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
780 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. This does nothing if @var{element} |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
781 is not in the list. |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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|
782 @end defun |
66d807bdc5b4
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diff
changeset
|
783 |
48948
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
784 A convention for use of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} is that a |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
785 major mode should use the mode's own name as an element of |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
786 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} and as the value of the |
4dfb36c387bf
Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
48701
diff
changeset
|
787 @code{invisible} property: |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
788 |
66d807bdc5b4
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diff
changeset
|
789 @example |
21682
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changeset
|
790 ;; @r{If you want to display an ellipsis:} |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
48948
diff
changeset
|
791 (add-to-invisibility-spec '(my-symbol . t)) |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
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|
792 ;; @r{If you don't want ellipsis:} |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
48948
diff
changeset
|
793 (add-to-invisibility-spec 'my-symbol) |
21007
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parents:
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|
794 |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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changeset
|
795 (overlay-put (make-overlay beginning end) |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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|
796 'invisible 'my-symbol) |
66d807bdc5b4
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|
797 |
21682
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|
798 ;; @r{When done with the overlays:} |
21007
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*** empty log message ***
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changeset
|
799 (remove-from-invisibility-spec '(my-symbol . t)) |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
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changeset
|
800 ;; @r{Or respectively:} |
21007
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changeset
|
801 (remove-from-invisibility-spec 'my-symbol) |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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|
802 @end example |
66d807bdc5b4
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diff
changeset
|
803 |
15761
77d451c08a30
Document line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
15074
diff
changeset
|
804 @vindex line-move-ignore-invisible |
53422
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(Refresh Screen): Add force-window-update.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
53308
diff
changeset
|
805 Ordinarily, functions that operate on text or move point do not care |
15761
77d451c08a30
Document line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
15074
diff
changeset
|
806 whether the text is invisible. The user-level line motion commands |
77d451c08a30
Document line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
15074
diff
changeset
|
807 explicitly ignore invisible newlines if |
60782
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
808 @code{line-move-ignore-invisible} is non-@code{nil} (the default), but |
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
809 only because they are explicitly programmed to do so. |
12098 | 810 |
69462
831f4f793f95
(Invisible Text): The impossible position is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69421
diff
changeset
|
811 However, if a command ends with point inside or immediately before |
53422
1246d68686ac
(Refresh Screen): Add force-window-update.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
53308
diff
changeset
|
812 invisible text, the main editing loop moves point further forward or |
1246d68686ac
(Refresh Screen): Add force-window-update.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
53308
diff
changeset
|
813 further backward (in the same direction that the command already moved |
1246d68686ac
(Refresh Screen): Add force-window-update.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
814 it) until that condition is no longer true. Thus, if the command |
1246d68686ac
(Refresh Screen): Add force-window-update.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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815 moved point back into an invisible range, Emacs moves point back to |
69462
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816 the beginning of that range, and then back one more character. If the |
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817 command moved point forward into an invisible range, Emacs moves point |
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818 forward up to the first visible character that follows the invisible |
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819 text. |
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820 |
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821 Incremental search can make invisible overlays visible temporarily |
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822 and/or permanently when a match includes invisible text. To enable |
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823 this, the overlay should have a non-@code{nil} |
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824 @code{isearch-open-invisible} property. The property value should be a |
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825 function to be called with the overlay as an argument. This function |
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826 should make the overlay visible permanently; it is used when the match |
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827 overlaps the overlay on exit from the search. |
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828 |
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829 During the search, such overlays are made temporarily visible by |
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830 temporarily modifying their invisible and intangible properties. If you |
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831 want this to be done differently for a certain overlay, give it an |
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832 @code{isearch-open-invisible-temporary} property which is a function. |
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833 The function is called with two arguments: the first is the overlay, and |
26986 | 834 the second is @code{nil} to make the overlay visible, or @code{t} to |
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835 make it invisible again. |
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836 |
6598 | 837 @node Selective Display |
838 @section Selective Display | |
839 @cindex selective display | |
840 | |
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841 @dfn{Selective display} refers to a pair of related features for |
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842 hiding certain lines on the screen. |
6598 | 843 |
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844 The first variant, explicit selective display, is designed for use |
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845 in a Lisp program: it controls which lines are hidden by altering the |
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846 text. This kind of hiding in some ways resembles the effect of the |
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847 @code{invisible} property (@pxref{Invisible Text}), but the two |
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848 features are different and do not work the same way. |
12067 | 849 |
850 In the second variant, the choice of lines to hide is made | |
12098 | 851 automatically based on indentation. This variant is designed to be a |
12067 | 852 user-level feature. |
6598 | 853 |
854 The way you control explicit selective display is by replacing a | |
9009 | 855 newline (control-j) with a carriage return (control-m). The text that |
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856 was formerly a line following that newline is now hidden. Strictly |
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857 speaking, it is temporarily no longer a line at all, since only |
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858 newlines can separate lines; it is now part of the previous line. |
6598 | 859 |
860 Selective display does not directly affect editing commands. For | |
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861 example, @kbd{C-f} (@code{forward-char}) moves point unhesitatingly |
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862 into hidden text. However, the replacement of newline characters with |
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863 carriage return characters affects some editing commands. For |
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864 example, @code{next-line} skips hidden lines, since it searches only |
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865 for newlines. Modes that use selective display can also define |
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866 commands that take account of the newlines, or that control which |
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867 parts of the text are hidden. |
6598 | 868 |
869 When you write a selectively displayed buffer into a file, all the | |
870 control-m's are output as newlines. This means that when you next read | |
60503
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871 in the file, it looks OK, with nothing hidden. The selective display |
6598 | 872 effect is seen only within Emacs. |
873 | |
874 @defvar selective-display | |
875 This buffer-local variable enables selective display. This means that | |
60503
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876 lines, or portions of lines, may be made hidden. |
6598 | 877 |
878 @itemize @bullet | |
879 @item | |
25875 | 880 If the value of @code{selective-display} is @code{t}, then the character |
60503
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881 control-m marks the start of hidden text; the control-m, and the rest |
25875 | 882 of the line following it, are not displayed. This is explicit selective |
883 display. | |
6598 | 884 |
885 @item | |
886 If the value of @code{selective-display} is a positive integer, then | |
887 lines that start with more than that many columns of indentation are not | |
888 displayed. | |
889 @end itemize | |
890 | |
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891 When some portion of a buffer is hidden, the vertical movement |
6598 | 892 commands operate as if that portion did not exist, allowing a single |
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893 @code{next-line} command to skip any number of hidden lines. |
6598 | 894 However, character movement commands (such as @code{forward-char}) do |
60503
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895 not skip the hidden portion, and it is possible (if tricky) to insert |
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896 or delete text in an hidden portion. |
6598 | 897 |
898 In the examples below, we show the @emph{display appearance} of the | |
899 buffer @code{foo}, which changes with the value of | |
900 @code{selective-display}. The @emph{contents} of the buffer do not | |
901 change. | |
902 | |
903 @example | |
904 @group | |
905 (setq selective-display nil) | |
906 @result{} nil | |
907 | |
908 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
909 1 on this column | |
910 2on this column | |
911 3n this column | |
912 3n this column | |
913 2on this column | |
914 1 on this column | |
915 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
916 @end group | |
917 | |
918 @group | |
919 (setq selective-display 2) | |
920 @result{} 2 | |
921 | |
922 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
923 1 on this column | |
924 2on this column | |
925 2on this column | |
926 1 on this column | |
927 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
928 @end group | |
929 @end example | |
930 @end defvar | |
931 | |
932 @defvar selective-display-ellipses | |
933 If this buffer-local variable is non-@code{nil}, then Emacs displays | |
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934 @samp{@dots{}} at the end of a line that is followed by hidden text. |
6598 | 935 This example is a continuation of the previous one. |
936 | |
937 @example | |
938 @group | |
939 (setq selective-display-ellipses t) | |
940 @result{} t | |
941 | |
942 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
943 1 on this column | |
944 2on this column ... | |
945 2on this column | |
946 1 on this column | |
947 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
948 @end group | |
949 @end example | |
950 | |
951 You can use a display table to substitute other text for the ellipsis | |
952 (@samp{@dots{}}). @xref{Display Tables}. | |
953 @end defvar | |
954 | |
955 @node Temporary Displays | |
956 @section Temporary Displays | |
957 | |
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958 Temporary displays are used by Lisp programs to put output into a |
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959 buffer and then present it to the user for perusal rather than for |
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960 editing. Many help commands use this feature. |
6598 | 961 |
962 @defspec with-output-to-temp-buffer buffer-name forms@dots{} | |
24951
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963 This function executes @var{forms} while arranging to insert any output |
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964 they print into the buffer named @var{buffer-name}, which is first |
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965 created if necessary, and put into Help mode. Finally, the buffer is |
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966 displayed in some window, but not selected. |
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967 |
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968 If the @var{forms} do not change the major mode in the output buffer, |
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969 so that it is still Help mode at the end of their execution, then |
24951
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970 @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} makes this buffer read-only at the |
52923
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971 end, and also scans it for function and variable names to make them |
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972 into clickable cross-references. @xref{Docstring hyperlinks, , Tips |
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973 for Documentation Strings}, in particular the item on hyperlinks in |
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974 documentation strings, for more details. |
6598 | 975 |
976 The string @var{buffer-name} specifies the temporary buffer, which | |
977 need not already exist. The argument must be a string, not a buffer. | |
978 The buffer is erased initially (with no questions asked), and it is | |
979 marked as unmodified after @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} exits. | |
980 | |
981 @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} binds @code{standard-output} to the | |
982 temporary buffer, then it evaluates the forms in @var{forms}. Output | |
983 using the Lisp output functions within @var{forms} goes by default to | |
984 that buffer (but screen display and messages in the echo area, although | |
985 they are ``output'' in the general sense of the word, are not affected). | |
986 @xref{Output Functions}. | |
987 | |
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988 Several hooks are available for customizing the behavior |
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989 of this construct; they are listed below. |
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990 |
6598 | 991 The value of the last form in @var{forms} is returned. |
992 | |
993 @example | |
994 @group | |
995 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
996 This is the contents of foo. | |
997 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
998 @end group | |
999 | |
1000 @group | |
1001 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "foo" | |
1002 (print 20) | |
1003 (print standard-output)) | |
1004 @result{} #<buffer foo> | |
1005 | |
1006 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1007 20 | |
1008 | |
1009 #<buffer foo> | |
1010 | |
1011 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1012 @end group | |
1013 @end example | |
1014 @end defspec | |
1015 | |
1016 @defvar temp-buffer-show-function | |
9009 | 1017 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} |
6598 | 1018 calls it as a function to do the job of displaying a help buffer. The |
1019 function gets one argument, which is the buffer it should display. | |
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1020 |
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1021 It is a good idea for this function to run @code{temp-buffer-show-hook} |
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1022 just as @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} normally would, inside of |
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1023 @code{save-selected-window} and with the chosen window and buffer |
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1024 selected. |
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1025 @end defvar |
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1026 |
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1027 @defvar temp-buffer-setup-hook |
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1028 This normal hook is run by @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} before |
42082 | 1029 evaluating @var{body}. When the hook runs, the temporary buffer is |
1030 current. This hook is normally set up with a function to put the | |
1031 buffer in Help mode. | |
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1032 @end defvar |
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1033 |
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1034 @defvar temp-buffer-show-hook |
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1035 This normal hook is run by @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} after |
42082 | 1036 displaying the temporary buffer. When the hook runs, the temporary buffer |
1037 is current, and the window it was displayed in is selected. This hook | |
1038 is normally set up with a function to make the buffer read only, and | |
1039 find function names and variable names in it, provided the major mode | |
1040 is Help mode. | |
6598 | 1041 @end defvar |
1042 | |
1043 @defun momentary-string-display string position &optional char message | |
1044 This function momentarily displays @var{string} in the current buffer at | |
1045 @var{position}. It has no effect on the undo list or on the buffer's | |
1046 modification status. | |
1047 | |
1048 The momentary display remains until the next input event. If the next | |
1049 input event is @var{char}, @code{momentary-string-display} ignores it | |
1050 and returns. Otherwise, that event remains buffered for subsequent use | |
1051 as input. Thus, typing @var{char} will simply remove the string from | |
1052 the display, while typing (say) @kbd{C-f} will remove the string from | |
1053 the display and later (presumably) move point forward. The argument | |
1054 @var{char} is a space by default. | |
1055 | |
1056 The return value of @code{momentary-string-display} is not meaningful. | |
1057 | |
12098 | 1058 If the string @var{string} does not contain control characters, you can |
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1059 do the same job in a more general way by creating (and then subsequently |
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1060 deleting) an overlay with a @code{before-string} property. |
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1061 @xref{Overlay Properties}. |
12098 | 1062 |
6598 | 1063 If @var{message} is non-@code{nil}, it is displayed in the echo area |
1064 while @var{string} is displayed in the buffer. If it is @code{nil}, a | |
1065 default message says to type @var{char} to continue. | |
1066 | |
1067 In this example, point is initially located at the beginning of the | |
1068 second line: | |
1069 | |
1070 @example | |
1071 @group | |
1072 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1073 This is the contents of foo. | |
1074 @point{}Second line. | |
1075 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1076 @end group | |
1077 | |
1078 @group | |
1079 (momentary-string-display | |
1080 "**** Important Message! ****" | |
1081 (point) ?\r | |
1082 "Type RET when done reading") | |
1083 @result{} t | |
1084 @end group | |
1085 | |
1086 @group | |
1087 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1088 This is the contents of foo. | |
1089 **** Important Message! ****Second line. | |
1090 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1091 | |
1092 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
1093 Type RET when done reading | |
1094 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
1095 @end group | |
1096 @end example | |
1097 @end defun | |
1098 | |
1099 @node Overlays | |
1100 @section Overlays | |
1101 @cindex overlays | |
1102 | |
1103 You can use @dfn{overlays} to alter the appearance of a buffer's text on | |
12098 | 1104 the screen, for the sake of presentation features. An overlay is an |
1105 object that belongs to a particular buffer, and has a specified | |
1106 beginning and end. It also has properties that you can examine and set; | |
1107 these affect the display of the text within the overlay. | |
6598 | 1108 |
68084 | 1109 An overlay uses markers to record its beginning and end; thus, |
54023 | 1110 editing the text of the buffer adjusts the beginning and end of each |
1111 overlay so that it stays with the text. When you create the overlay, | |
1112 you can specify whether text inserted at the beginning should be | |
1113 inside the overlay or outside, and likewise for the end of the overlay. | |
1114 | |
6598 | 1115 @menu |
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1116 * Managing Overlays:: Creating and moving overlays. |
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1117 * Overlay Properties:: How to read and set properties. |
6598 | 1118 What properties do to the screen display. |
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1119 * Finding Overlays:: Searching for overlays. |
6598 | 1120 @end menu |
1121 | |
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1122 @node Managing Overlays |
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1123 @subsection Managing Overlays |
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1124 |
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1125 This section describes the functions to create, delete and move |
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1126 overlays, and to examine their contents. Overlay changes are not |
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1127 recorded in the buffer's undo list, since the overlays are not |
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1128 part of the buffer's contents. |
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1129 |
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1130 @defun overlayp object |
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1131 This function returns @code{t} if @var{object} is an overlay. |
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1132 @end defun |
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1133 |
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1134 @defun make-overlay start end &optional buffer front-advance rear-advance |
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1135 This function creates and returns an overlay that belongs to |
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1136 @var{buffer} and ranges from @var{start} to @var{end}. Both @var{start} |
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1137 and @var{end} must specify buffer positions; they may be integers or |
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1138 markers. If @var{buffer} is omitted, the overlay is created in the |
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1139 current buffer. |
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1140 |
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1141 The arguments @var{front-advance} and @var{rear-advance} specify the |
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1142 marker insertion type for the start of the overlay and for the end of |
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1143 the overlay, respectively. @xref{Marker Insertion Types}. If they |
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1144 are both @code{nil}, the default, then the overlay extends to include |
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1145 any text inserted at the beginning, but not text inserted at the end. |
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1146 If @var{front-advance} is non-@code{nil}, text inserted at the |
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1147 beginning of the overlay is excluded from the overlay. If |
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1148 @var{rear-advance} is non-@code{nil}, text inserted at the end of the |
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1149 overlay is included in the overlay. |
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1150 @end defun |
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1151 |
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1152 @defun overlay-start overlay |
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1153 This function returns the position at which @var{overlay} starts, |
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1154 as an integer. |
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1155 @end defun |
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1156 |
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1157 @defun overlay-end overlay |
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1158 This function returns the position at which @var{overlay} ends, |
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1159 as an integer. |
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1160 @end defun |
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1161 |
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1162 @defun overlay-buffer overlay |
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1163 This function returns the buffer that @var{overlay} belongs to. It |
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1164 returns @code{nil} if @var{overlay} has been deleted. |
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1165 @end defun |
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1166 |
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1167 @defun delete-overlay overlay |
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1168 This function deletes @var{overlay}. The overlay continues to exist as |
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1169 a Lisp object, and its property list is unchanged, but it ceases to be |
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1170 attached to the buffer it belonged to, and ceases to have any effect on |
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1171 display. |
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1172 |
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1173 A deleted overlay is not permanently disconnected. You can give it a |
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1174 position in a buffer again by calling @code{move-overlay}. |
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1175 @end defun |
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1176 |
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1177 @defun move-overlay overlay start end &optional buffer |
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1178 This function moves @var{overlay} to @var{buffer}, and places its bounds |
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1179 at @var{start} and @var{end}. Both arguments @var{start} and @var{end} |
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1180 must specify buffer positions; they may be integers or markers. |
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1181 |
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1182 If @var{buffer} is omitted, @var{overlay} stays in the same buffer it |
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1183 was already associated with; if @var{overlay} was deleted, it goes into |
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1184 the current buffer. |
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1185 |
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1186 The return value is @var{overlay}. |
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1187 |
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1188 This is the only valid way to change the endpoints of an overlay. Do |
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1189 not try modifying the markers in the overlay by hand, as that fails to |
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1190 update other vital data structures and can cause some overlays to be |
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1191 ``lost''. |
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1192 @end defun |
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1193 |
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1194 @defun remove-overlays &optional start end name value |
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1195 This function removes all the overlays between @var{start} and |
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1196 @var{end} whose property @var{name} has the value @var{value}. It can |
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1197 move the endpoints of the overlays in the region, or split them. |
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1198 |
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1199 If @var{name} is omitted or @code{nil}, it means to delete all overlays in |
60782
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1200 the specified region. If @var{start} and/or @var{end} are omitted or |
61980
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1201 @code{nil}, that means the beginning and end of the buffer respectively. |
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1202 Therefore, @code{(remove-overlays)} removes all the overlays in the |
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1203 current buffer. |
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1204 @end defun |
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1205 |
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1206 Here are some examples: |
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1207 |
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1208 @example |
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1209 ;; @r{Create an overlay.} |
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1210 (setq foo (make-overlay 1 10)) |
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1211 @result{} #<overlay from 1 to 10 in display.texi> |
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1212 (overlay-start foo) |
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1213 @result{} 1 |
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|
1214 (overlay-end foo) |
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|
1215 @result{} 10 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1216 (overlay-buffer foo) |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1217 @result{} #<buffer display.texi> |
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|
1218 ;; @r{Give it a property we can check later.} |
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|
1219 (overlay-put foo 'happy t) |
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|
1220 @result{} t |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1221 ;; @r{Verify the property is present.} |
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|
1222 (overlay-get foo 'happy) |
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|
1223 @result{} t |
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|
1224 ;; @r{Move the overlay.} |
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|
1225 (move-overlay foo 5 20) |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1226 @result{} #<overlay from 5 to 20 in display.texi> |
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|
1227 (overlay-start foo) |
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|
1228 @result{} 5 |
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|
1229 (overlay-end foo) |
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|
1230 @result{} 20 |
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|
1231 ;; @r{Delete the overlay.} |
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|
1232 (delete-overlay foo) |
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|
1233 @result{} nil |
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|
1234 ;; @r{Verify it is deleted.} |
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|
1235 foo |
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|
1236 @result{} #<overlay in no buffer> |
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|
1237 ;; @r{A deleted overlay has no position.} |
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1238 (overlay-start foo) |
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|
1239 @result{} nil |
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1240 (overlay-end foo) |
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|
1241 @result{} nil |
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|
1242 (overlay-buffer foo) |
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|
1243 @result{} nil |
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|
1244 ;; @r{Undelete the overlay.} |
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|
1245 (move-overlay foo 1 20) |
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|
1246 @result{} #<overlay from 1 to 20 in display.texi> |
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1247 ;; @r{Verify the results.} |
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1248 (overlay-start foo) |
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|
1249 @result{} 1 |
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|
1250 (overlay-end foo) |
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|
1251 @result{} 20 |
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|
1252 (overlay-buffer foo) |
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|
1253 @result{} #<buffer display.texi> |
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|
1254 ;; @r{Moving and deleting the overlay does not change its properties.} |
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|
1255 (overlay-get foo 'happy) |
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|
1256 @result{} t |
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|
1257 @end example |
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1258 |
6598 | 1259 @node Overlay Properties |
1260 @subsection Overlay Properties | |
1261 | |
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1262 Overlay properties are like text properties in that the properties that |
22138
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1263 alter how a character is displayed can come from either source. But in |
60503
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1264 most respects they are different. @xref{Text Properties}, for comparison. |
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1265 |
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1266 Text properties are considered a part of the text; overlays and |
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1267 their properties are specifically considered not to be part of the |
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|
1268 text. Thus, copying text between various buffers and strings |
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1269 preserves text properties, but does not try to preserve overlays. |
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|
1270 Changing a buffer's text properties marks the buffer as modified, |
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1271 while moving an overlay or changing its properties does not. Unlike |
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|
1272 text property changes, overlay property changes are not recorded in |
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|
1273 the buffer's undo list. |
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1274 |
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|
1275 These functions read and set the properties of an overlay: |
25751
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1276 |
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1277 @defun overlay-get overlay prop |
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1278 This function returns the value of property @var{prop} recorded in |
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1279 @var{overlay}, if any. If @var{overlay} does not record any value for |
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1280 that property, but it does have a @code{category} property which is a |
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1281 symbol, that symbol's @var{prop} property is used. Otherwise, the value |
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1282 is @code{nil}. |
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1283 @end defun |
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1284 |
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1285 @defun overlay-put overlay prop value |
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1286 This function sets the value of property @var{prop} recorded in |
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1287 @var{overlay} to @var{value}. It returns @var{value}. |
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1288 @end defun |
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1289 |
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|
1290 @defun overlay-properties overlay |
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|
1291 This returns a copy of the property list of @var{overlay}. |
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1292 @end defun |
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1293 |
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1294 See also the function @code{get-char-property} which checks both |
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1295 overlay properties and text properties for a given character. |
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1296 @xref{Examining Properties}. |
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1297 |
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1298 Many overlay properties have special meanings; here is a table |
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1299 of them: |
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1300 |
6598 | 1301 @table @code |
1302 @item priority | |
1303 @kindex priority @r{(overlay property)} | |
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1304 This property's value (which should be a nonnegative integer number) |
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1305 determines the priority of the overlay. The priority matters when two |
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1306 or more overlays cover the same character and both specify the same |
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1307 property; the one whose @code{priority} value is larger takes priority |
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1308 over the other. For the @code{face} property, the higher priority |
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1309 value does not completely replace the other; instead, its face |
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1310 attributes override the face attributes of the lower priority |
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1311 @code{face} property. |
6598 | 1312 |
1313 Currently, all overlays take priority over text properties. Please | |
1314 avoid using negative priority values, as we have not yet decided just | |
1315 what they should mean. | |
1316 | |
1317 @item window | |
1318 @kindex window @r{(overlay property)} | |
1319 If the @code{window} property is non-@code{nil}, then the overlay | |
1320 applies only on that window. | |
1321 | |
12067 | 1322 @item category |
1323 @kindex category @r{(overlay property)} | |
1324 If an overlay has a @code{category} property, we call it the | |
12098 | 1325 @dfn{category} of the overlay. It should be a symbol. The properties |
12067 | 1326 of the symbol serve as defaults for the properties of the overlay. |
1327 | |
6598 | 1328 @item face |
1329 @kindex face @r{(overlay property)} | |
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1330 This property controls the way text is displayed---for example, which |
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1331 font and which colors. @xref{Faces}, for more information. |
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1332 |
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1333 In the simplest case, the value is a face name. It can also be a list; |
25875 | 1334 then each element can be any of these possibilities: |
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1335 |
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1336 @itemize @bullet |
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1337 @item |
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1338 A face name (a symbol or string). |
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1339 |
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1340 @item |
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1341 A property list of face attributes. This has the form (@var{keyword} |
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1342 @var{value} @dots{}), where each @var{keyword} is a face attribute |
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1343 name and @var{value} is a meaningful value for that attribute. With |
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1344 this feature, you do not need to create a face each time you want to |
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1345 specify a particular attribute for certain text. @xref{Face |
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1346 Attributes}. |
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1347 |
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1348 @item |
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1349 A cons cell of the form @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} or |
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1350 @code{(background-color . @var{color-name})}. These elements specify |
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1351 just the foreground color or just the background color. |
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1352 |
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1353 @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} has the same effect as |
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1354 @code{(:foreground @var{color-name})}; likewise for the background. |
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1355 @end itemize |
6598 | 1356 |
1357 @item mouse-face | |
1358 @kindex mouse-face @r{(overlay property)} | |
1359 This property is used instead of @code{face} when the mouse is within | |
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1360 the range of the overlay. |
6598 | 1361 |
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1362 @item display |
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1363 @kindex display @r{(overlay property)} |
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1364 This property activates various features that change the |
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1365 way text is displayed. For example, it can make text appear taller |
38278 | 1366 or shorter, higher or lower, wider or narrower, or replaced with an image. |
25751
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1367 @xref{Display Property}. |
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1368 |
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1369 @item help-echo |
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1370 @kindex help-echo @r{(overlay property)} |
31373
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1371 If an overlay has a @code{help-echo} property, then when you move the |
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1372 mouse onto the text in the overlay, Emacs displays a help string in the |
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1373 echo area, or in the tooltip window. For details see @ref{Text |
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1374 help-echo}. |
25751
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1375 |
6598 | 1376 @item modification-hooks |
1377 @kindex modification-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
1378 This property's value is a list of functions to be called if any | |
1379 character within the overlay is changed or if text is inserted strictly | |
12067 | 1380 within the overlay. |
1381 | |
1382 The hook functions are called both before and after each change. | |
1383 If the functions save the information they receive, and compare notes | |
1384 between calls, they can determine exactly what change has been made | |
1385 in the buffer text. | |
1386 | |
1387 When called before a change, each function receives four arguments: the | |
1388 overlay, @code{nil}, and the beginning and end of the text range to be | |
7086
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1389 modified. |
6598 | 1390 |
12067 | 1391 When called after a change, each function receives five arguments: the |
1392 overlay, @code{t}, the beginning and end of the text range just | |
1393 modified, and the length of the pre-change text replaced by that range. | |
1394 (For an insertion, the pre-change length is zero; for a deletion, that | |
1395 length is the number of characters deleted, and the post-change | |
12098 | 1396 beginning and end are equal.) |
12067 | 1397 |
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1398 If these functions modify the buffer, they should bind |
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1399 @code{inhibit-modification-hooks} to @code{t} around doing so, to |
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1400 avoid confusing the internal mechanism that calls these hooks. |
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1401 |
6598 | 1402 @item insert-in-front-hooks |
1403 @kindex insert-in-front-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1404 This property's value is a list of functions to be called before and |
1405 after inserting text right at the beginning of the overlay. The calling | |
1406 conventions are the same as for the @code{modification-hooks} functions. | |
6598 | 1407 |
1408 @item insert-behind-hooks | |
1409 @kindex insert-behind-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1410 This property's value is a list of functions to be called before and |
1411 after inserting text right at the end of the overlay. The calling | |
1412 conventions are the same as for the @code{modification-hooks} functions. | |
6598 | 1413 |
1414 @item invisible | |
1415 @kindex invisible @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1416 The @code{invisible} property can make the text in the overlay |
1417 invisible, which means that it does not appear on the screen. | |
1418 @xref{Invisible Text}, for details. | |
1419 | |
1420 @item intangible | |
1421 @kindex intangible @r{(overlay property)} | |
1422 The @code{intangible} property on an overlay works just like the | |
12098 | 1423 @code{intangible} text property. @xref{Special Properties}, for details. |
21007
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1424 |
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1425 @item isearch-open-invisible |
22138
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1426 This property tells incremental search how to make an invisible overlay |
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1427 visible, permanently, if the final match overlaps it. @xref{Invisible |
21007
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1428 Text}. |
6598 | 1429 |
22138
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1430 @item isearch-open-invisible-temporary |
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1431 This property tells incremental search how to make an invisible overlay |
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1432 visible, temporarily, during the search. @xref{Invisible Text}. |
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1433 |
6598 | 1434 @item before-string |
1435 @kindex before-string @r{(overlay property)} | |
1436 This property's value is a string to add to the display at the beginning | |
1437 of the overlay. The string does not appear in the buffer in any | |
25875 | 1438 sense---only on the screen. |
6598 | 1439 |
1440 @item after-string | |
1441 @kindex after-string @r{(overlay property)} | |
1442 This property's value is a string to add to the display at the end of | |
1443 the overlay. The string does not appear in the buffer in any | |
25875 | 1444 sense---only on the screen. |
12067 | 1445 |
1446 @item evaporate | |
1447 @kindex evaporate @r{(overlay property)} | |
1448 If this property is non-@code{nil}, the overlay is deleted automatically | |
56451
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(Overlay Properties): Adding `evaporate' prop deletes empty overlay immediately.
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|
1449 if it becomes empty (i.e., if its length becomes zero). If you give |
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1450 an empty overlay a non-@code{nil} @code{evaporate} property, that deletes |
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|
1451 it immediately. |
16123
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1452 |
29102 | 1453 @item local-map |
29076 | 1454 @cindex keymap of character (and overlays) |
29102 | 1455 @kindex local-map @r{(overlay property)} |
29076 | 1456 If this property is non-@code{nil}, it specifies a keymap for a portion |
1457 of the text. The property's value replaces the buffer's local map, when | |
1458 the character after point is within the overlay. @xref{Active Keymaps}. | |
33996 | 1459 |
1460 @item keymap | |
1461 @kindex keymap @r{(overlay property)} | |
1462 The @code{keymap} property is similar to @code{local-map} but overrides the | |
1463 buffer's local map (and the map specified by the @code{local-map} | |
1464 property) rather than replacing it. | |
29076 | 1465 @end table |
1466 | |
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1467 @node Finding Overlays |
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1468 @subsection Searching for Overlays |
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1469 |
6598 | 1470 @defun overlays-at pos |
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1471 This function returns a list of all the overlays that cover the |
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1472 character at position @var{pos} in the current buffer. The list is in |
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1473 no particular order. An overlay contains position @var{pos} if it |
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1474 begins at or before @var{pos}, and ends after @var{pos}. |
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1475 |
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1476 To illustrate usage, here is a Lisp function that returns a list of the |
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1477 overlays that specify property @var{prop} for the character at point: |
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1478 |
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1479 @smallexample |
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1480 (defun find-overlays-specifying (prop) |
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1481 (let ((overlays (overlays-at (point))) |
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1482 found) |
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1483 (while overlays |
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1484 (let ((overlay (car overlays))) |
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1485 (if (overlay-get overlay prop) |
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1486 (setq found (cons overlay found)))) |
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1487 (setq overlays (cdr overlays))) |
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1488 found)) |
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1489 @end smallexample |
6598 | 1490 @end defun |
1491 | |
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1492 @defun overlays-in beg end |
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1493 This function returns a list of the overlays that overlap the region |
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1494 @var{beg} through @var{end}. ``Overlap'' means that at least one |
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1495 character is contained within the overlay and also contained within the |
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1496 specified region; however, empty overlays are included in the result if |
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1497 they are located at @var{beg}, or strictly between @var{beg} and @var{end}. |
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1498 @end defun |
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1499 |
6598 | 1500 @defun next-overlay-change pos |
1501 This function returns the buffer position of the next beginning or end | |
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1502 of an overlay, after @var{pos}. If there is none, it returns |
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1503 @code{(point-max)}. |
6598 | 1504 @end defun |
1505 | |
12067 | 1506 @defun previous-overlay-change pos |
1507 This function returns the buffer position of the previous beginning or | |
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1508 end of an overlay, before @var{pos}. If there is none, it returns |
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1509 @code{(point-min)}. |
12067 | 1510 @end defun |
1511 | |
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|
1512 Here's a function which uses @code{next-overlay-change} to search |
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1513 for the next character which gets a given property @code{prop} from |
26696
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1514 either its overlays or its text properties (@pxref{Property Search}): |
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1515 |
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1516 @smallexample |
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1517 (defun find-overlay-prop (prop) |
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1518 (save-excursion |
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1519 (while (and (not (eobp)) |
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1520 (not (get-char-property (point) prop))) |
26696
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1521 (goto-char (min (next-overlay-change (point)) |
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1522 (next-single-property-change (point) prop)))) |
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1523 (point))) |
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1524 @end smallexample |
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1525 |
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1526 Now you can search for a @code{happy} property like this: |
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1527 |
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1528 @smallexample |
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1529 (find-overlay-prop 'happy) |
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1530 @end smallexample |
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1531 |
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|
1532 @node Width |
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diff
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|
1533 @section Width |
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diff
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|
1534 |
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diff
changeset
|
1535 Since not all characters have the same width, these functions let you |
21682
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
21007
diff
changeset
|
1536 check the width of a character. @xref{Primitive Indent}, and |
90da2489c498
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
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|
1537 @ref{Screen Lines}, for related functions. |
21007
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|
1538 |
22138
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|
1539 @defun char-width char |
21007
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1540 This function returns the width in columns of the character @var{char}, |
66d807bdc5b4
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|
1541 if it were displayed in the current buffer and the selected window. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1542 @end defun |
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|
1543 |
22138
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|
1544 @defun string-width string |
21007
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parents:
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diff
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|
1545 This function returns the width in columns of the string @var{string}, |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
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|
1546 if it were displayed in the current buffer and the selected window. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1547 @end defun |
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|
1548 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1549 @defun truncate-string-to-width string width &optional start-column padding ellipsis |
21007
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|
1550 This function returns the part of @var{string} that fits within |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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|
1551 @var{width} columns, as a new string. |
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*** empty log message ***
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diff
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|
1552 |
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|
1553 If @var{string} does not reach @var{width}, then the result ends where |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1554 @var{string} ends. If one multi-column character in @var{string} |
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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|
1555 extends across the column @var{width}, that character is not included in |
66d807bdc5b4
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|
1556 the result. Thus, the result can fall short of @var{width} but cannot |
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|
1557 go beyond it. |
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|
1558 |
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|
1559 The optional argument @var{start-column} specifies the starting column. |
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*** empty log message ***
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|
1560 If this is non-@code{nil}, then the first @var{start-column} columns of |
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|
1561 the string are omitted from the value. If one multi-column character in |
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1562 @var{string} extends across the column @var{start-column}, that |
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|
1563 character is not included. |
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|
1564 |
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|
1565 The optional argument @var{padding}, if non-@code{nil}, is a padding |
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|
1566 character added at the beginning and end of the result string, to extend |
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|
1567 it to exactly @var{width} columns. The padding character is used at the |
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|
1568 end of the result if it falls short of @var{width}. It is also used at |
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|
1569 the beginning of the result if one multi-column character in |
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|
1570 @var{string} extends across the column @var{start-column}. |
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|
1571 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1572 If @var{ellipsis} is non-@code{nil}, it should be a string which will |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1573 replace the end of @var{str} (including any padding) if it extends |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1574 beyond @var{end-column}, unless the display width of @var{str} is |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1575 equal to or less than the display width of @var{ellipsis}. If |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1576 @var{ellipsis} is non-@code{nil} and not a string, it stands for |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1577 @code{"..."}. |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1578 |
21007
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|
1579 @example |
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|
1580 (truncate-string-to-width "\tab\t" 12 4) |
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|
1581 @result{} "ab" |
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26d4153f70a1
(Width): Use \s syntax in example.
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|
1582 (truncate-string-to-width "\tab\t" 12 4 ?\s) |
21007
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|
1583 @result{} " ab " |
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|
1584 @end example |
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|
1585 @end defun |
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|
1586 |
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|
1587 @node Line Height |
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|
1588 @section Line Height |
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|
1589 @cindex line height |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1590 |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1591 The total height of each display line consists of the height of the |
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|
1592 contents of the line, plus optional additional vertical line spacing |
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|
1593 above or below the display line. |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1594 |
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|
1595 The height of the line contents is the maximum height of any |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1596 character or image on that display line, including the final newline |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1597 if there is one. (A display line that is continued doesn't include a |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1598 final newline.) That is the default line height, if you do nothing to |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1599 specify a greater height. (In the most common case, this equals the |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1600 height of the default frame font.) |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1601 |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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71009
diff
changeset
|
1602 There are several ways to explicitly specify a larger line height, |
4241daad4b09
(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71009
diff
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|
1603 either by specifying an absolute height for the display line, or by |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1604 specifying vertical space. However, no matter what you specify, the |
4241daad4b09
(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1605 actual line height can never be less than the default. |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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|
1606 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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diff
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|
1607 @kindex line-height @r{(text property)} |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1608 A newline can have a @code{line-height} text or overlay property |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1609 that controls the total height of the display line ending in that |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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|
1610 newline. |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1611 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1612 If the property value is @code{t}, the newline character has no |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1613 effect on the displayed height of the line---the visible contents |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1614 alone determine the height. This is useful for tiling small images |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1615 (or image slices) without adding blank areas between the images. |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1616 |
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|
1617 If the property value is a list of the form @code{(@var{height} |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1618 @var{total})}, that adds extra space @emph{below} the display line. |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1619 First Emacs uses @var{height} as a height spec to control extra space |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1620 @emph{above} the line; then it adds enough space @emph{below} the line |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1621 to bring the total line height up to @var{total}. In this case, the |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1622 other ways to specify the line spacing are ignored. |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1623 |
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|
1624 Any other kind of property value is a height spec, which translates |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1625 into a number---the specified line height. There are several ways to |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1626 write a height spec; here's how each of them translates into a number: |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1627 |
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|
1628 @table @code |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1629 @item @var{integer} |
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|
1630 If the height spec is a positive integer, the height value is that integer. |
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|
1631 @item @var{float} |
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|
1632 If the height spec is a float, @var{float}, the numeric height value |
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|
1633 is @var{float} times the frame's default line height. |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1634 @item (@var{face} . @var{ratio}) |
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|
1635 If the height spec is a cons of the format shown, the numeric height |
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(Line Height): Further clarify.
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diff
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|
1636 is @var{ratio} times the height of face @var{face}. @var{ratio} can |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1637 be any type of number, or @code{nil} which means a ratio of 1. |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1638 If @var{face} is @code{t}, it refers to the current face. |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
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parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
1639 @item (nil . @var{ratio}) |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1640 If the height spec is a cons of the format shown, the numeric height |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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|
1641 is @var{ratio} times the height of the contents of the line. |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1642 @end table |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1643 |
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|
1644 Thus, any valid height spec determines the height in pixels, one way |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1645 or another. If the line contents' height is less than that, Emacs |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1646 adds extra vertical space above the line to achieve the specified |
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1647 total height. |
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|
1648 |
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|
1649 If you don't specify the @code{line-height} property, the line's |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1650 height consists of the contents' height plus the line spacing. |
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|
1651 There are several ways to specify the line spacing for different |
d7025bc399f1
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|
1652 parts of Emacs text. |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1653 |
eb1bd3031b13
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|
1654 @vindex default-line-spacing |
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|
1655 You can specify the line spacing for all lines in a frame with the |
64877
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(Line Height, Scroll Bars): Fix xrefs.
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|
1656 @code{line-spacing} frame parameter (@pxref{Layout Parameters}). |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1657 However, if the variable @code{default-line-spacing} is |
58883
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1658 non-@code{nil}, it overrides the frame's @code{line-spacing} |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1659 parameter. An integer value specifies the number of pixels put below |
68708
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"Graphical display", not window system.
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|
1660 lines on graphical displays. A floating point number specifies the |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1661 spacing relative to the frame's default line height. |
58883
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1662 |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1663 @vindex line-spacing |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1664 You can specify the line spacing for all lines in a buffer via the |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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parents:
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|
1665 buffer-local @code{line-spacing} variable. An integer value specifies |
68708
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"Graphical display", not window system.
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|
1666 the number of pixels put below lines on graphical displays. A floating |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1667 point number specifies the spacing relative to the default frame line |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1668 height. This overrides line spacings specified for the frame. |
58883
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|
1669 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1670 @kindex line-spacing @r{(text property)} |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1671 Finally, a newline can have a @code{line-spacing} text or overlay |
71103
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(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1672 property that overrides the default frame line spacing and the buffer |
4241daad4b09
(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1673 local @code{line-spacing} variable, for the display line ending in |
4241daad4b09
(Line Height): Fix errors in description of
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|
1674 that newline. |
58902
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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|
1675 |
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|
1676 One way or another, these mechanisms specify a Lisp value for the |
d7025bc399f1
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|
1677 spacing of each line. The value is a height spec, and it translates |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
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|
1678 into a Lisp value as described above. However, in this case the |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
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|
1679 numeric height value specifies the line spacing, rather than the line |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1680 height. |
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(Line Height): Further clarify.
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|
1681 |
6598 | 1682 @node Faces |
1683 @section Faces | |
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Index "faces" instead of "face".
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|
1684 @cindex faces |
6598 | 1685 |
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1686 A @dfn{face} is a named collection of graphical attributes: font |
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1687 family, foreground color, background color, optional underlining, and |
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|
1688 many others. Faces are used in Emacs to control the style of display of |
65075
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(Standard Faces): Delete node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents:
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|
1689 particular parts of the text or the frame. @xref{Standard Faces,,, |
88aad5396aac
(Standard Faces): Delete node.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
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|
1690 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for the list of faces Emacs normally |
88aad5396aac
(Standard Faces): Delete node.
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|
1691 comes with. |
6598 | 1692 |
1693 @cindex face id | |
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1694 Each face has its own @dfn{face number}, which distinguishes faces at |
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|
1695 low levels within Emacs. However, for most purposes, you refer to |
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(Faces): Minor cleanup.
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|
1696 faces in Lisp programs by the symbols that name them. |
6598 | 1697 |
12067 | 1698 @defun facep object |
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(Faces): `facep' returns t for strings that are face names.
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|
1699 This function returns @code{t} if @var{object} is a face name string |
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(Faces): `facep' returns t for strings that are face names.
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|
1700 or symbol (or if it is a vector of the kind used internally to record |
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(Faces): `facep' returns t for strings that are face names.
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|
1701 face data). It returns @code{nil} otherwise. |
12067 | 1702 @end defun |
1703 | |
6598 | 1704 Each face name is meaningful for all frames, and by default it has the |
1705 same meaning in all frames. But you can arrange to give a particular | |
1706 face name a special meaning in one frame if you wish. | |
1707 | |
1708 @menu | |
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1709 * Defining Faces:: How to define a face with @code{defface}. |
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1710 * Face Attributes:: What is in a face? |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
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|
1711 * Attribute Functions:: Functions to examine and set face attributes. |
59277
120ce8e206a5
(Face Attributes): Describe hex color specs.
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|
1712 * Displaying Faces:: How Emacs combines the faces specified for a character. |
25751
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1713 * Font Selection:: Finding the best available font for a face. |
53467
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
1714 * Face Functions:: How to define and examine faces. |
25751
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1715 * Auto Faces:: Hook for automatic face assignment. |
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1716 * Font Lookup:: Looking up the names of available fonts |
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1717 and information about them. |
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1718 * Fontsets:: A fontset is a collection of fonts |
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1719 that handle a range of character sets. |
6598 | 1720 @end menu |
1721 | |
21682
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1722 @node Defining Faces |
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1723 @subsection Defining Faces |
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1724 |
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1725 The way to define a new face is with @code{defface}. This creates a |
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1726 kind of customization item (@pxref{Customization}) which the user can |
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|
1727 customize using the Customization buffer (@pxref{Easy Customization,,, |
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(Faces): `facep' returns t for strings that are face names.
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|
1728 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
21682
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|
1729 |
66143 | 1730 @defmac defface face spec doc [keyword value]@dots{} |
63134
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(Defining Faces): Explain that face name should not end in `-face'.
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|
1731 This declares @var{face} as a customizable face that defaults |
ca65a2108220
(Defining Faces): Explain that face name should not end in `-face'.
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|
1732 according to @var{spec}. You should not quote the symbol @var{face}, |
ca65a2108220
(Defining Faces): Explain that face name should not end in `-face'.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1733 and it should not end in @samp{-face} (that would be redundant). The |
25875 | 1734 argument @var{doc} specifies the face documentation. The keywords you |
63134
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(Defining Faces): Explain that face name should not end in `-face'.
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|
1735 can use in @code{defface} are the same as in @code{defgroup} and |
ca65a2108220
(Defining Faces): Explain that face name should not end in `-face'.
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|
1736 @code{defcustom} (@pxref{Common Keywords}). |
21682
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1737 |
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1738 When @code{defface} executes, it defines the face according to |
22138
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1739 @var{spec}, then uses any customizations that were read from the |
25875 | 1740 init file (@pxref{Init File}) to override that specification. |
21682
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1741 |
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1742 The purpose of @var{spec} is to specify how the face should appear on |
61854
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(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1743 different kinds of terminals. It should be an alist whose elements |
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(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1744 have the form @code{(@var{display} @var{atts})}. Each element's |
60784460465e
(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1745 @sc{car}, @var{display}, specifies a class of terminals. (The first |
68084 | 1746 element, if its @sc{car} is @code{default}, is special---it specifies |
61854
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(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1747 defaults for the remaining elements). The element's @sc{cadr}, |
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(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1748 @var{atts}, is a list of face attributes and their values; it |
60784460465e
(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1749 specifies what the face should look like on that kind of terminal. |
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(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1750 The possible attributes are defined in the value of |
60784460465e
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|
1751 @code{custom-face-attributes}. |
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1752 |
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1753 The @var{display} part of an element of @var{spec} determines which |
61854
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|
1754 frames the element matches. If more than one element of @var{spec} |
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(Defining Faces): Document `default' elements of defface spec.
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|
1755 matches a given frame, the first element that matches is the one used |
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|
1756 for that frame. There are three possibilities for @var{display}: |
21682
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1757 |
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1758 @table @asis |
61854
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|
1759 @item @code{default} |
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|
1760 This element of @var{spec} doesn't match any frames; instead, it |
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|
1761 specifies defaults that apply to all frames. This kind of element, if |
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|
1762 used, must be the first element of @var{spec}. Each of the following |
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|
1763 elements can override any or all of these defaults. |
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1764 |
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1765 @item @code{t} |
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1766 This element of @var{spec} matches all frames. Therefore, any |
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1767 subsequent elements of @var{spec} are never used. Normally |
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1768 @code{t} is used in the last (or only) element of @var{spec}. |
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1769 |
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1770 @item a list |
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1771 If @var{display} is a list, each element should have the form |
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1772 @code{(@var{characteristic} @var{value}@dots{})}. Here |
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1773 @var{characteristic} specifies a way of classifying frames, and the |
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1774 @var{value}s are possible classifications which @var{display} should |
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1775 apply to. Here are the possible values of @var{characteristic}: |
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1776 |
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1777 @table @code |
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1778 @item type |
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1779 The kind of window system the frame uses---either @code{graphic} (any |
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1780 graphics-capable display), @code{x}, @code{pc} (for the MS-DOS console), |
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1781 @code{w32} (for MS Windows 9X/NT/2K/XP), @code{mac} (for the Macintosh |
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1782 display), or @code{tty} (a non-graphics-capable display). |
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1783 @xref{Window Systems, window-system}. |
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1784 |
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1785 @item class |
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1786 What kinds of colors the frame supports---either @code{color}, |
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1787 @code{grayscale}, or @code{mono}. |
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1788 |
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1789 @item background |
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1790 The kind of background---either @code{light} or @code{dark}. |
45745 | 1791 |
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1792 @item min-colors |
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1793 An integer that represents the minimum number of colors the frame |
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1794 should support. This matches a frame if its |
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1795 @code{display-color-cells} value is at least the specified integer. |
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1796 |
45745 | 1797 @item supports |
46170 | 1798 Whether or not the frame can display the face attributes given in |
1799 @var{value}@dots{} (@pxref{Face Attributes}). See the documentation | |
1800 for the function @code{display-supports-face-attributes-p} for more | |
1801 information on exactly how this testing is done. @xref{Display Face | |
1802 Attribute Testing}. | |
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1803 @end table |
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1804 |
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1805 If an element of @var{display} specifies more than one @var{value} for a |
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1806 given @var{characteristic}, any of those values is acceptable. If |
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1807 @var{display} has more than one element, each element should specify a |
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1808 different @var{characteristic}; then @emph{each} characteristic of the |
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1809 frame must match one of the @var{value}s specified for it in |
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1810 @var{display}. |
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1811 @end table |
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1812 @end defmac |
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1813 |
25875 | 1814 Here's how the standard face @code{region} is defined: |
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1815 |
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1816 @example |
25875 | 1817 @group |
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1818 '((((class color) (min-colors 88) (background dark)) |
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1819 :background "blue3") |
25875 | 1820 @end group |
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1821 (((class color) (min-colors 88) (background light)) |
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1822 :background "lightgoldenrod2") |
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1823 (((class color) (min-colors 16) (background dark)) |
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1824 :background "blue3") |
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1825 (((class color) (min-colors 16) (background light)) |
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1826 :background "lightgoldenrod2") |
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1827 (((class color) (min-colors 8)) |
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1828 :background "blue" :foreground "white") |
25875 | 1829 (((type tty) (class mono)) |
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1830 :inverse-video t) |
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1831 (t :background "gray")) |
25875 | 1832 @group |
1833 "Basic face for highlighting the region." | |
1834 :group 'basic-faces) | |
1835 @end group | |
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1836 @end example |
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1837 |
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1838 Internally, @code{defface} uses the symbol property |
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1839 @code{face-defface-spec} to record the face attributes specified in |
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1840 @code{defface}, @code{saved-face} for the attributes saved by the user |
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1841 with the customization buffer, @code{customized-face} for the |
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1842 attributes customized by the user for the current session, but not |
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1843 saved, and @code{face-documentation} for the documentation string. |
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1844 |
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1845 @defopt frame-background-mode |
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1846 This option, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the background type to use for |
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1847 interpreting face definitions. If it is @code{dark}, then Emacs treats |
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1848 all frames as if they had a dark background, regardless of their actual |
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1849 background colors. If it is @code{light}, then Emacs treats all frames |
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1850 as if they had a light background. |
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1851 @end defopt |
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1852 |
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1853 @node Face Attributes |
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1854 @subsection Face Attributes |
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1855 @cindex face attributes |
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1856 |
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1857 The effect of using a face is determined by a fixed set of @dfn{face |
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1858 attributes}. This table lists all the face attributes, and what they |
25875 | 1859 mean. Note that in general, more than one face can be specified for a |
1860 given piece of text; when that happens, the attributes of all the faces | |
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1861 are merged to specify how to display the text. @xref{Displaying Faces}. |
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1862 |
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1863 Any attribute in a face can have the value @code{unspecified}. This |
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1864 means the face doesn't specify that attribute. In face merging, when |
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1865 the first face fails to specify a particular attribute, that means the |
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1866 next face gets a chance. However, the @code{default} face must |
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1867 specify all attributes. |
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1868 |
25875 | 1869 Some of these font attributes are meaningful only on certain kinds of |
1870 displays---if your display cannot handle a certain attribute, the | |
1871 attribute is ignored. (The attributes @code{:family}, @code{:width}, | |
1872 @code{:height}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} correspond to parts of | |
1873 an X Logical Font Descriptor.) | |
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1874 |
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1875 @table @code |
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1876 @item :family |
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1877 Font family name, or fontset name (@pxref{Fontsets}). If you specify a |
25875 | 1878 font family name, the wild-card characters @samp{*} and @samp{?} are |
1879 allowed. | |
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1880 |
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1881 @item :width |
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1882 Relative proportionate width, also known as the character set width or |
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1883 set width. This should be one of the symbols @code{ultra-condensed}, |
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1884 @code{extra-condensed}, @code{condensed}, @code{semi-condensed}, |
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1885 @code{normal}, @code{semi-expanded}, @code{expanded}, |
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1886 @code{extra-expanded}, or @code{ultra-expanded}. |
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1887 |
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1888 @item :height |
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1889 Either the font height, an integer in units of 1/10 point, a floating |
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1890 point number specifying the amount by which to scale the height of any |
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1891 underlying face, or a function, which is called with the old height |
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1892 (from the underlying face), and should return the new height. |
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1893 |
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1894 @item :weight |
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1895 Font weight---a symbol from this series (from most dense to most faint): |
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1896 @code{ultra-bold}, @code{extra-bold}, @code{bold}, @code{semi-bold}, |
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1897 @code{normal}, @code{semi-light}, @code{light}, @code{extra-light}, |
25875 | 1898 or @code{ultra-light}. |
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1899 |
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1900 On a text-only terminal, any weight greater than normal is displayed as |
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1901 extra bright, and any weight less than normal is displayed as |
25875 | 1902 half-bright (provided the terminal supports the feature). |
1903 | |
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1904 @item :slant |
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1905 Font slant---one of the symbols @code{italic}, @code{oblique}, @code{normal}, |
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1906 @code{reverse-italic}, or @code{reverse-oblique}. |
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1907 |
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1908 On a text-only terminal, slanted text is displayed as half-bright, if |
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1909 the terminal supports the feature. |
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1910 |
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1911 @item :foreground |
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1912 Foreground color, a string. The value can be a system-defined color |
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1913 name, or a hexadecimal color specification of the form |
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1914 @samp{#@var{rr}@var{gg}@var{bb}}. (@samp{#000000} is black, |
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1915 @samp{#ff0000} is red, @samp{#00ff00} is green, @samp{#0000ff} is |
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1916 blue, and @samp{#ffffff} is white.) |
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1917 |
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1918 @item :background |
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1919 Background color, a string, like the foreground color. |
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1920 |
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1921 @item :inverse-video |
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1922 Whether or not characters should be displayed in inverse video. The |
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1923 value should be @code{t} (yes) or @code{nil} (no). |
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1924 |
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1925 @item :stipple |
25875 | 1926 The background stipple, a bitmap. |
1927 | |
1928 The value can be a string; that should be the name of a file containing | |
1929 external-format X bitmap data. The file is found in the directories | |
1930 listed in the variable @code{x-bitmap-file-path}. | |
1931 | |
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1932 Alternatively, the value can specify the bitmap directly, with a list |
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1933 of the form @code{(@var{width} @var{height} @var{data})}. Here, |
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1934 @var{width} and @var{height} specify the size in pixels, and |
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1935 @var{data} is a string containing the raw bits of the bitmap, row by |
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1936 row. Each row occupies @math{(@var{width} + 7) / 8} consecutive bytes |
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1937 in the string (which should be a unibyte string for best results). |
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1938 This means that each row always occupies at least one whole byte. |
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1939 |
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1940 If the value is @code{nil}, that means use no stipple pattern. |
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1941 |
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1942 Normally you do not need to set the stipple attribute, because it is |
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1943 used automatically to handle certain shades of gray. |
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1944 |
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1945 @item :underline |
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1946 Whether or not characters should be underlined, and in what color. If |
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1947 the value is @code{t}, underlining uses the foreground color of the |
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1948 face. If the value is a string, underlining uses that color. The |
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1949 value @code{nil} means do not underline. |
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1950 |
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1951 @item :overline |
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1952 Whether or not characters should be overlined, and in what color. |
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1953 The value is used like that of @code{:underline}. |
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1954 |
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1955 @item :strike-through |
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1956 Whether or not characters should be strike-through, and in what |
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1957 color. The value is used like that of @code{:underline}. |
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1958 |
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1959 @item :inherit |
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1960 The name of a face from which to inherit attributes, or a list of face |
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1961 names. Attributes from inherited faces are merged into the face like an |
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1962 underlying face would be, with higher priority than underlying faces. |
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1963 If a list of faces is used, attributes from faces earlier in the list |
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1964 override those from later faces. |
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1965 |
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1966 @item :box |
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1967 Whether or not a box should be drawn around characters, its color, the |
25875 | 1968 width of the box lines, and 3D appearance. |
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1969 @end table |
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1970 |
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1971 Here are the possible values of the @code{:box} attribute, and what |
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1972 they mean: |
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1973 |
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1974 @table @asis |
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1975 @item @code{nil} |
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1976 Don't draw a box. |
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1977 |
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1978 @item @code{t} |
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1979 Draw a box with lines of width 1, in the foreground color. |
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1980 |
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1981 @item @var{color} |
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1982 Draw a box with lines of width 1, in color @var{color}. |
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1983 |
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1984 @item @code{(:line-width @var{width} :color @var{color} :style @var{style})} |
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1985 This way you can explicitly specify all aspects of the box. The value |
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1986 @var{width} specifies the width of the lines to draw; it defaults to 1. |
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1987 |
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1988 The value @var{color} specifies the color to draw with. The default is |
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1989 the foreground color of the face for simple boxes, and the background |
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1990 color of the face for 3D boxes. |
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1991 |
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1992 The value @var{style} specifies whether to draw a 3D box. If it is |
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1993 @code{released-button}, the box looks like a 3D button that is not being |
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1994 pressed. If it is @code{pressed-button}, the box looks like a 3D button |
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1995 that is being pressed. If it is @code{nil} or omitted, a plain 2D box |
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1996 is used. |
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1997 @end table |
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1998 |
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1999 In older versions of Emacs, before @code{:family}, @code{:height}, |
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2000 @code{:width}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} existed, these |
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2001 attributes were used to specify the type face. They are now |
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2002 semi-obsolete, but they still work: |
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2003 |
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2004 @table @code |
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2005 @item :font |
25875 | 2006 This attribute specifies the font name. |
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2007 |
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2008 @item :bold |
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2009 A non-@code{nil} value specifies a bold font. |
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2010 |
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2011 @item :italic |
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2012 A non-@code{nil} value specifies an italic font. |
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2013 @end table |
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2014 |
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2015 For compatibility, you can still set these ``attributes'', even |
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2016 though they are not real face attributes. Here is what that does: |
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2017 |
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2018 @table @code |
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2019 @item :font |
25875 | 2020 You can specify an X font name as the ``value'' of this ``attribute''; |
2021 that sets the @code{:family}, @code{:width}, @code{:height}, | |
2022 @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} attributes according to the font name. | |
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2023 |
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2024 If the value is a pattern with wildcards, the first font that matches |
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2025 the pattern is used to set these attributes. |
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2026 |
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2027 @item :bold |
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2028 A non-@code{nil} makes the face bold; @code{nil} makes it normal. |
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2029 This actually works by setting the @code{:weight} attribute. |
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2030 |
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2031 @item :italic |
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2032 A non-@code{nil} makes the face italic; @code{nil} makes it normal. |
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2033 This actually works by setting the @code{:slant} attribute. |
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2034 @end table |
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2035 |
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2036 @defvar x-bitmap-file-path |
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2037 This variable specifies a list of directories for searching |
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2038 for bitmap files, for the @code{:stipple} attribute. |
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2039 @end defvar |
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2040 |
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2041 @defun bitmap-spec-p object |
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2042 This returns @code{t} if @var{object} is a valid bitmap specification, |
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2043 suitable for use with @code{:stipple} (see above). It returns |
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2044 @code{nil} otherwise. |
25875 | 2045 @end defun |
2046 | |
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2047 @node Attribute Functions |
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2048 @subsection Face Attribute Functions |
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2049 |
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|
2050 You can modify the attributes of an existing face with the following |
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|
2051 functions. If you specify @var{frame}, they affect just that frame; |
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|
2052 otherwise, they affect all frames as well as the defaults that apply to |
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|
2053 new frames. |
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|
2054 |
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|
2055 @defun set-face-attribute face frame &rest arguments |
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|
2056 This function sets one or more attributes of face @var{face} |
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|
2057 for frame @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, it sets |
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|
2058 the attribute for all frames, and the defaults for new frames. |
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2059 |
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|
2060 The extra arguments @var{arguments} specify the attributes to set, and |
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|
2061 the values for them. They should consist of alternating attribute names |
25875 | 2062 (such as @code{:family} or @code{:underline}) and corresponding values. |
25751
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|
2063 Thus, |
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|
2064 |
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|
2065 @example |
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|
2066 (set-face-attribute 'foo nil |
46721
12862351ee03
Fix set-face-attribute example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
46338
diff
changeset
|
2067 :width 'extended |
12862351ee03
Fix set-face-attribute example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2068 :weight 'bold |
25751
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|
2069 :underline "red") |
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|
2070 @end example |
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|
2071 |
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|
2072 @noindent |
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2073 sets the attributes @code{:width}, @code{:weight} and @code{:underline} |
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|
2074 to the corresponding values. |
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2075 @end defun |
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|
2076 |
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Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2077 @defun face-attribute face attribute &optional frame inherit |
25751
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2078 This returns the value of the @var{attribute} attribute of face |
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|
2079 @var{face} on @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
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|
2080 that means the selected frame (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
25751
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2081 |
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2082 If @var{frame} is @code{t}, the value is the default for |
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2083 @var{face} for new frames. |
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2084 |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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parents:
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|
2085 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only attributes directly defined by |
46240
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Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2086 @var{face} are considered, so the return value may be |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2087 @code{unspecified}, or a relative value. If @var{inherit} is |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2088 non-@code{nil}, @var{face}'s definition of @var{attribute} is merged |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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parents:
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diff
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|
2089 with the faces specified by its @code{:inherit} attribute; however the |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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parents:
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diff
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|
2090 return value may still be @code{unspecified} or relative. If |
55fb0658914a
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parents:
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diff
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|
2091 @var{inherit} is a face or a list of faces, then the result is further |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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parents:
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diff
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|
2092 merged with that face (or faces), until it becomes specified and |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2093 absolute. |
46240
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Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
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parents:
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|
2094 |
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Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
2095 To ensure that the return value is always specified and absolute, use |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2096 a value of @code{default} for @var{inherit}; this will resolve any |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2097 unspecified or relative values by merging with the @code{default} face |
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Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
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|
2098 (which is always completely specified). |
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Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2099 |
25751
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|
2100 For example, |
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|
2101 |
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|
2102 @example |
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|
2103 (face-attribute 'bold :weight) |
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|
2104 @result{} bold |
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2105 @end example |
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|
2106 @end defun |
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|
2107 |
46240
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Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2108 @defun face-attribute-relative-p attribute value |
71643
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(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2109 This function returns non-@code{nil} if @var{value}, when used as the |
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(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2110 value of the face attribute @var{attribute}, is relative. This means |
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(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
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parents:
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diff
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|
2111 it would modify, rather than completely override, any value that comes |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2112 from a subsequent face in the face list or that is inherited from |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2113 another face. |
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(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2114 |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
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parents:
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|
2115 @code{unspecified} is a relative value for all attributes. |
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(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2116 For @code{:height}, floating point values are also relative. |
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(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
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|
2117 |
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(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
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|
2118 For example: |
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(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
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parents:
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diff
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|
2119 |
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(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
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|
2120 @example |
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(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2121 (read-face-name "Describe face" "= `default' face" t) |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2122 @end example |
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(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
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|
2123 |
e712aec3ce09
(Attribute Functions): Add examples for face-attribute-relative-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2124 prompts with @samp{Describe face (default = `default' face): }. |
46240
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2125 @end defun |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
2126 |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2127 @defun merge-face-attribute attribute value1 value2 |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
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|
2128 If @var{value1} is a relative value for the face attribute |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2129 @var{attribute}, returns it merged with the underlying value |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2130 @var{value2}; otherwise, if @var{value1} is an absolute value for the |
51000
72af65197e01
Fix typos. Patch from Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
2131 face attribute @var{attribute}, returns @var{value1} unchanged. |
46240
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2132 @end defun |
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Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2133 |
71730
cd88ff0d05f5
(Attribute Functions): Move paragraph about compatibility with Emacs < 21.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71719
diff
changeset
|
2134 The functions above did not exist before Emacs 21. For compatibility |
cd88ff0d05f5
(Attribute Functions): Move paragraph about compatibility with Emacs < 21.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71719
diff
changeset
|
2135 with older Emacs versions, you can use the following functions to set |
cd88ff0d05f5
(Attribute Functions): Move paragraph about compatibility with Emacs < 21.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71719
diff
changeset
|
2136 and examine the face attributes which existed in those versions. |
cd88ff0d05f5
(Attribute Functions): Move paragraph about compatibility with Emacs < 21.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
71719
diff
changeset
|
2137 |
25751
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2138 @defun set-face-foreground face color &optional frame |
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|
2139 @defunx set-face-background face color &optional frame |
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|
2140 These functions set the foreground (or background, respectively) color |
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|
2141 of face @var{face} to @var{color}. The argument @var{color} should be a |
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|
2142 string, the name of a color. |
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|
2143 |
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changeset
|
2144 Certain shades of gray are implemented by stipple patterns on |
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|
2145 black-and-white screens. |
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|
2146 @end defun |
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|
2147 |
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|
2148 @defun set-face-stipple face pattern &optional frame |
42888
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
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parents:
42827
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|
2149 This function sets the background stipple pattern of face @var{face} |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2150 to @var{pattern}. The argument @var{pattern} should be the name of a |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2151 stipple pattern defined by the X server, or actual bitmap data |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
changeset
|
2152 (@pxref{Face Attributes}), or @code{nil} meaning don't use stipple. |
25751
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|
2153 |
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changeset
|
2154 Normally there is no need to pay attention to stipple patterns, because |
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|
2155 they are used automatically to handle certain shades of gray. |
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|
2156 @end defun |
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|
2157 |
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|
2158 @defun set-face-font face font &optional frame |
60442
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(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
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parents:
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changeset
|
2159 This function sets the font of face @var{face}. This actually sets |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2160 the attributes @code{:family}, @code{:width}, @code{:height}, |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
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parents:
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changeset
|
2161 @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} according to the font name |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
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changeset
|
2162 @var{font}. |
25751
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|
2163 @end defun |
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|
2164 |
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changeset
|
2165 @defun set-face-bold-p face bold-p &optional frame |
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changeset
|
2166 This function specifies whether @var{face} should be bold. If |
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diff
changeset
|
2167 @var{bold-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means yes; @code{nil} means no. |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2168 This actually sets the @code{:weight} attribute. |
25751
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|
2169 @end defun |
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2170 |
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2171 @defun set-face-italic-p face italic-p &optional frame |
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2172 This function specifies whether @var{face} should be italic. If |
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2173 @var{italic-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means yes; @code{nil} means no. |
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(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
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2174 This actually sets the @code{:slant} attribute. |
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2175 @end defun |
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2176 |
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2177 @defun set-face-underline-p face underline-p &optional frame |
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2178 This function sets the underline attribute of face @var{face}. |
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2179 Non-@code{nil} means do underline; @code{nil} means don't. |
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2180 @end defun |
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2181 |
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2182 @defun set-face-inverse-video-p face inverse-video-p &optional frame |
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(Attribute Functions): Add set-face-inverse-video-p.
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2183 This function sets the @code{:inverse-video} attribute of face |
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(Attribute Functions): Add set-face-inverse-video-p.
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|
2184 @var{face}. |
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2185 @end defun |
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2186 |
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2187 @defun invert-face face &optional frame |
65073
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2188 This function swaps the foreground and background colors of face |
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(Attribute Functions): Add set-face-inverse-video-p.
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2189 @var{face}. |
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2190 @end defun |
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2191 |
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2192 These functions examine the attributes of a face. If you don't |
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2193 specify @var{frame}, they refer to the default data for new frames. |
25875 | 2194 They return the symbol @code{unspecified} if the face doesn't define any |
2195 value for that attribute. | |
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2196 |
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2197 @defun face-foreground face &optional frame inherit |
65073
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2198 @defunx face-background face &optional frame inherit |
25751
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2199 These functions return the foreground color (or background color, |
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2200 respectively) of face @var{face}, as a string. |
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2201 |
54777 | 2202 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only a color directly defined by the face is |
2203 returned. If @var{inherit} is non-@code{nil}, any faces specified by its | |
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2204 @code{:inherit} attribute are considered as well, and if @var{inherit} |
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Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
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2205 is a face or a list of faces, then they are also considered, until a |
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Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
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2206 specified color is found. To ensure that the return value is always |
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2207 specified, use a value of @code{default} for @var{inherit}. |
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2208 @end defun |
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2209 |
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2210 @defun face-stipple face &optional frame inherit |
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2211 This function returns the name of the background stipple pattern of face |
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2212 @var{face}, or @code{nil} if it doesn't have one. |
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2213 |
51652
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2214 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only a stipple directly defined by the |
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2215 face is returned. If @var{inherit} is non-@code{nil}, any faces |
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2216 specified by its @code{:inherit} attribute are considered as well, and |
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Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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2217 if @var{inherit} is a face or a list of faces, then they are also |
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2218 considered, until a specified stipple is found. To ensure that the |
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Fix minor Texinfo usage.
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2219 return value is always specified, use a value of @code{default} for |
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|
2220 @var{inherit}. |
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2221 @end defun |
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2222 |
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2223 @defun face-font face &optional frame |
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2224 This function returns the name of the font of face @var{face}. |
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2225 @end defun |
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2226 |
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2227 @defun face-bold-p face &optional frame |
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2228 This function returns @code{t} if @var{face} is bold---that is, if it is |
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2229 bolder than normal. It returns @code{nil} otherwise. |
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2230 @end defun |
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2231 |
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2232 @defun face-italic-p face &optional frame |
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2233 This function returns @code{t} if @var{face} is italic or oblique, |
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2234 @code{nil} otherwise. |
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2235 @end defun |
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2236 |
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2237 @defun face-underline-p face &optional frame |
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2238 This function returns the @code{:underline} attribute of face @var{face}. |
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2239 @end defun |
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2240 |
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2241 @defun face-inverse-video-p face &optional frame |
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2242 This function returns the @code{:inverse-video} attribute of face @var{face}. |
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2243 @end defun |
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2244 |
59277
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(Face Attributes): Describe hex color specs.
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|
2245 @node Displaying Faces |
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(Face Attributes): Describe hex color specs.
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|
2246 @subsection Displaying Faces |
6598 | 2247 |
25751
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2248 Here are the ways to specify which faces to use for display of text: |
6598 | 2249 |
2250 @itemize @bullet | |
2251 @item | |
25751
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2252 With defaults. The @code{default} face is used as the ultimate |
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2253 default for all text. (In Emacs 19 and 20, the @code{default} |
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2254 face is used only when no other face is specified.) |
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2255 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
2256 @item |
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|
2257 For a mode line or header line, the face @code{mode-line} or |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
2258 @code{mode-line-inactive}, or @code{header-line}, is merged in just |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
2259 before @code{default}. |
6598 | 2260 |
2261 @item | |
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|
2262 With text properties. A character can have a @code{face} property; if |
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2263 so, the faces and face attributes specified there apply. @xref{Special |
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2264 Properties}. |
6598 | 2265 |
2266 If the character has a @code{mouse-face} property, that is used instead | |
2267 of the @code{face} property when the mouse is ``near enough'' to the | |
2268 character. | |
2269 | |
2270 @item | |
25751
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|
2271 With overlays. An overlay can have @code{face} and @code{mouse-face} |
6598 | 2272 properties too; they apply to all the text covered by the overlay. |
2273 | |
2274 @item | |
12098 | 2275 With a region that is active. In Transient Mark mode, the region is |
65075
88aad5396aac
(Standard Faces): Delete node.
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|
2276 highlighted with the face @code{region} (@pxref{Standard Faces,,, |
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|
2277 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
12098 | 2278 |
2279 @item | |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
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|
2280 With special glyphs. Each glyph can specify a particular face |
6598 | 2281 number. @xref{Glyphs}. |
2282 @end itemize | |
2283 | |
2284 If these various sources together specify more than one face for a | |
2285 particular character, Emacs merges the attributes of the various faces | |
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|
2286 specified. For each attribute, Emacs tries first the face of any |
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|
2287 special glyph; then the face for region highlighting, if appropriate; |
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|
2288 then the faces specified by overlays, followed by those specified by |
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|
2289 text properties, then the @code{mode-line} or |
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|
2290 @code{mode-line-inactive} or @code{header-line} face (if in a mode |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
2291 line or a header line), and last the @code{default} face. |
6598 | 2292 |
2293 When multiple overlays cover one character, an overlay with higher | |
2294 priority overrides those with lower priority. @xref{Overlays}. | |
2295 | |
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|
2296 @node Font Selection |
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2297 @subsection Font Selection |
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2298 |
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2299 @dfn{Selecting a font} means mapping the specified face attributes for |
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2300 a character to a font that is available on a particular display. The |
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2301 face attributes, as determined by face merging, specify most of the |
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|
2302 font choice, but not all. Part of the choice depends on what character |
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|
2303 it is. |
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2304 |
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2305 If the face specifies a fontset name, that fontset determines a |
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|
2306 pattern for fonts of the given charset. If the face specifies a font |
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|
2307 family, a font pattern is constructed. |
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2308 |
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|
2309 Emacs tries to find an available font for the given face attributes |
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|
2310 and character's registry and encoding. If there is a font that matches |
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2311 exactly, it is used, of course. The hard case is when no available font |
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2312 exactly fits the specification. Then Emacs looks for one that is |
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2313 ``close''---one attribute at a time. You can specify the order to |
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2314 consider the attributes. In the case where a specified font family is |
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2315 not available, you can specify a set of mappings for alternatives to |
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2316 try. |
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2317 |
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2318 @defvar face-font-selection-order |
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2319 This variable specifies the order of importance of the face attributes |
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2320 @code{:width}, @code{:height}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant}. The |
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2321 value should be a list containing those four symbols, in order of |
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2322 decreasing importance. |
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2323 |
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2324 Font selection first finds the best available matches for the first |
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2325 attribute listed; then, among the fonts which are best in that way, it |
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2326 searches for the best matches in the second attribute, and so on. |
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2327 |
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2328 The attributes @code{:weight} and @code{:width} have symbolic values in |
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2329 a range centered around @code{normal}. Matches that are more extreme |
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2330 (farther from @code{normal}) are somewhat preferred to matches that are |
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2331 less extreme (closer to @code{normal}); this is designed to ensure that |
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2332 non-normal faces contrast with normal ones, whenever possible. |
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2333 |
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2334 The default is @code{(:width :height :weight :slant)}, which means first |
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2335 find the fonts closest to the specified @code{:width}, then---among the |
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2336 fonts with that width---find a best match for the specified font height, |
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2337 and so on. |
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2338 |
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2339 One example of a case where this variable makes a difference is when the |
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2340 default font has no italic equivalent. With the default ordering, the |
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2341 @code{italic} face will use a non-italic font that is similar to the |
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2342 default one. But if you put @code{:slant} before @code{:height}, the |
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2343 @code{italic} face will use an italic font, even if its height is not |
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2344 quite right. |
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2345 @end defvar |
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2346 |
33373 | 2347 @defvar face-font-family-alternatives |
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2348 This variable lets you specify alternative font families to try, if a |
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2349 given family is specified and doesn't exist. Each element should have |
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2350 this form: |
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2351 |
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2352 @example |
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2353 (@var{family} @var{alternate-families}@dots{}) |
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2354 @end example |
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2355 |
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2356 If @var{family} is specified but not available, Emacs will try the other |
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2357 families given in @var{alternate-families}, one by one, until it finds a |
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2358 family that does exist. |
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2359 @end defvar |
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2360 |
33373 | 2361 @defvar face-font-registry-alternatives |
2362 This variable lets you specify alternative font registries to try, if a | |
2363 given registry is specified and doesn't exist. Each element should have | |
2364 this form: | |
2365 | |
2366 @example | |
2367 (@var{registry} @var{alternate-registries}@dots{}) | |
2368 @end example | |
2369 | |
2370 If @var{registry} is specified but not available, Emacs will try the | |
2371 other registries given in @var{alternate-registries}, one by one, | |
2372 until it finds a registry that does exist. | |
2373 @end defvar | |
2374 | |
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2375 Emacs can make use of scalable fonts, but by default it does not use |
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2376 them, since the use of too many or too big scalable fonts can crash |
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2377 XFree86 servers. |
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2378 |
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2379 @defvar scalable-fonts-allowed |
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2380 This variable controls which scalable fonts to use. A value of |
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2381 @code{nil}, the default, means do not use scalable fonts. @code{t} |
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2382 means to use any scalable font that seems appropriate for the text. |
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2383 |
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2384 Otherwise, the value must be a list of regular expressions. Then a |
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2385 scalable font is enabled for use if its name matches any regular |
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2386 expression in the list. For example, |
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2387 |
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2388 @example |
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2389 (setq scalable-fonts-allowed '("muleindian-2$")) |
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2390 @end example |
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2391 |
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2392 @noindent |
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2393 allows the use of scalable fonts with registry @code{muleindian-2}. |
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2394 @end defvar |
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2395 |
52002
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2396 @defvar face-font-rescale-alist |
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2397 This variable specifies scaling for certain faces. Its value should |
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2398 be a list of elements of the form |
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2399 |
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2400 @example |
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2401 (@var{fontname-regexp} . @var{scale-factor}) |
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2402 @end example |
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2403 |
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2404 If @var{fontname-regexp} matches the font name that is about to be |
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2405 used, this says to choose a larger similar font according to the |
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2406 factor @var{scale-factor}. You would use this feature to normalize |
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2407 the font size if certain fonts are bigger or smaller than their |
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2408 nominal heights and widths would suggest. |
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2409 @end defvar |
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2410 |
6598 | 2411 @node Face Functions |
2412 @subsection Functions for Working with Faces | |
2413 | |
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2414 Here are additional functions for creating and working with faces. |
6598 | 2415 |
2416 @defun make-face name | |
2417 This function defines a new face named @var{name}, initially with all | |
2418 attributes @code{nil}. It does nothing if there is already a face named | |
2419 @var{name}. | |
2420 @end defun | |
2421 | |
2422 @defun face-list | |
2423 This function returns a list of all defined face names. | |
2424 @end defun | |
2425 | |
2426 @defun copy-face old-face new-name &optional frame new-frame | |
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2427 This function defines a face named @var{new-name} as a copy of the existing |
6598 | 2428 face named @var{old-face}. It creates the face @var{new-name} if that |
2429 doesn't already exist. | |
2430 | |
2431 If the optional argument @var{frame} is given, this function applies | |
2432 only to that frame. Otherwise it applies to each frame individually, | |
2433 copying attributes from @var{old-face} in each frame to @var{new-face} | |
2434 in the same frame. | |
2435 | |
2436 If the optional argument @var{new-frame} is given, then @code{copy-face} | |
2437 copies the attributes of @var{old-face} in @var{frame} to @var{new-name} | |
2438 in @var{new-frame}. | |
2439 @end defun | |
2440 | |
12098 | 2441 @defun face-id face |
21682
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2442 This function returns the face number of face @var{face}. |
6598 | 2443 @end defun |
2444 | |
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2445 @defun face-documentation face |
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2446 This function returns the documentation string of face @var{face}, or |
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2447 @code{nil} if none was specified for it. |
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2448 @end defun |
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2449 |
6598 | 2450 @defun face-equal face1 face2 &optional frame |
2451 This returns @code{t} if the faces @var{face1} and @var{face2} have the | |
2452 same attributes for display. | |
2453 @end defun | |
2454 | |
2455 @defun face-differs-from-default-p face &optional frame | |
55899
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2456 This returns non-@code{nil} if the face @var{face} displays |
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2457 differently from the default face. |
22252
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2458 @end defun |
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2459 |
63659
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2460 @cindex face alias |
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2461 A @dfn{face alias} provides an equivalent name for a face. You can |
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2462 define a face alias by giving the alias symbol the @code{face-alias} |
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2463 property, with a value of the target face name. The following example |
63734
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2464 makes @code{modeline} an alias for the @code{mode-line} face. |
63659
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2465 |
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2466 @example |
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2467 (put 'modeline 'face-alias 'mode-line) |
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2468 @end example |
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2469 |
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2470 |
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2471 @node Auto Faces |
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2472 @subsection Automatic Face Assignment |
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2473 @cindex automatic face assignment |
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2474 @cindex faces, automatic choice |
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2475 |
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2476 @cindex Font-Lock mode |
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2477 This hook is used for automatically assigning faces to text in the |
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2478 buffer. It is part of the implementation of Font-Lock mode. |
25751
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2479 |
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2480 @defvar fontification-functions |
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2481 This variable holds a list of functions that are called by Emacs |
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2482 redisplay as needed to assign faces automatically to text in the buffer. |
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2483 |
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2484 The functions are called in the order listed, with one argument, a |
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2485 buffer position @var{pos}. Each function should attempt to assign faces |
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2486 to the text in the current buffer starting at @var{pos}. |
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2487 |
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2488 Each function should record the faces they assign by setting the |
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2489 @code{face} property. It should also add a non-@code{nil} |
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2490 @code{fontified} property for all the text it has assigned faces to. |
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2491 That property tells redisplay that faces have been assigned to that text |
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2492 already. |
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2493 |
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2494 It is probably a good idea for each function to do nothing if the |
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2495 character after @var{pos} already has a non-@code{nil} @code{fontified} |
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2496 property, but this is not required. If one function overrides the |
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2497 assignments made by a previous one, the properties as they are |
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2498 after the last function finishes are the ones that really matter. |
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2499 |
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2500 For efficiency, we recommend writing these functions so that they |
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2501 usually assign faces to around 400 to 600 characters at each call. |
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2502 @end defvar |
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2503 |
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2504 @node Font Lookup |
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2505 @subsection Looking Up Fonts |
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2506 |
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2507 @defun x-list-fonts pattern &optional face frame maximum |
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2508 This function returns a list of available font names that match |
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2509 @var{pattern}. If the optional arguments @var{face} and @var{frame} are |
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2510 specified, then the list is limited to fonts that are the same size as |
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2511 @var{face} currently is on @var{frame}. |
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2512 |
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2513 The argument @var{pattern} should be a string, perhaps with wildcard |
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2514 characters: the @samp{*} character matches any substring, and the |
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2515 @samp{?} character matches any single character. Pattern matching |
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2516 of font names ignores case. |
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2517 |
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2518 If you specify @var{face} and @var{frame}, @var{face} should be a face name |
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2519 (a symbol) and @var{frame} should be a frame. |
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2520 |
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2521 The optional argument @var{maximum} sets a limit on how many fonts to |
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2522 return. If this is non-@code{nil}, then the return value is truncated |
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2523 after the first @var{maximum} matching fonts. Specifying a small value |
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2524 for @var{maximum} can make this function much faster, in cases where |
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2525 many fonts match the pattern. |
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2526 @end defun |
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2527 |
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2528 @defun x-family-fonts &optional family frame |
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2529 This function returns a list describing the available fonts for family |
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2530 @var{family} on @var{frame}. If @var{family} is omitted or @code{nil}, |
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2531 this list applies to all families, and therefore, it contains all |
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2532 available fonts. Otherwise, @var{family} must be a string; it may |
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2533 contain the wildcards @samp{?} and @samp{*}. |
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2534 |
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2535 The list describes the display that @var{frame} is on; if @var{frame} is |
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2536 omitted or @code{nil}, it applies to the selected frame's display |
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2537 (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
25751
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2538 |
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2539 The list contains a vector of the following form for each font: |
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2540 |
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2541 @example |
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2542 [@var{family} @var{width} @var{point-size} @var{weight} @var{slant} |
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2543 @var{fixed-p} @var{full} @var{registry-and-encoding}] |
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2544 @end example |
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2545 |
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2546 The first five elements correspond to face attributes; if you |
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2547 specify these attributes for a face, it will use this font. |
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2548 |
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2549 The last three elements give additional information about the font. |
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2550 @var{fixed-p} is non-@code{nil} if the font is fixed-pitch. |
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2551 @var{full} is the full name of the font, and |
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2552 @var{registry-and-encoding} is a string giving the registry and |
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2553 encoding of the font. |
25751
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2554 |
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2555 The result list is sorted according to the current face font sort order. |
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2556 @end defun |
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2557 |
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2558 @defun x-font-family-list &optional frame |
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2559 This function returns a list of the font families available for |
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2560 @var{frame}'s display. If @var{frame} is omitted or @code{nil}, it |
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2561 describes the selected frame's display (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
25751
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2562 |
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2563 The value is a list of elements of this form: |
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2564 |
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2565 @example |
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2566 (@var{family} . @var{fixed-p}) |
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2567 @end example |
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2568 |
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2569 @noindent |
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2570 Here @var{family} is a font family, and @var{fixed-p} is |
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2571 non-@code{nil} if fonts of that family are fixed-pitch. |
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2572 @end defun |
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2573 |
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2574 @defvar font-list-limit |
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2575 This variable specifies maximum number of fonts to consider in font |
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2576 matching. The function @code{x-family-fonts} will not return more than |
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2577 that many fonts, and font selection will consider only that many fonts |
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2578 when searching a matching font for face attributes. The default is |
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2579 currently 100. |
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2580 @end defvar |
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2581 |
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2582 @node Fontsets |
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2583 @subsection Fontsets |
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2584 |
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2585 A @dfn{fontset} is a list of fonts, each assigned to a range of |
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2586 character codes. An individual font cannot display the whole range of |
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2587 characters that Emacs supports, but a fontset can. Fontsets have names, |
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2588 just as fonts do, and you can use a fontset name in place of a font name |
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2589 when you specify the ``font'' for a frame or a face. Here is |
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2590 information about defining a fontset under Lisp program control. |
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2591 |
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2592 @defun create-fontset-from-fontset-spec fontset-spec &optional style-variant-p noerror |
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2593 This function defines a new fontset according to the specification |
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2594 string @var{fontset-spec}. The string should have this format: |
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2595 |
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|
2596 @smallexample |
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2597 @var{fontpattern}, @r{[}@var{charsetname}:@var{fontname}@r{]@dots{}} |
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|
2598 @end smallexample |
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2599 |
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2600 @noindent |
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2601 Whitespace characters before and after the commas are ignored. |
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2602 |
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2603 The first part of the string, @var{fontpattern}, should have the form of |
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2604 a standard X font name, except that the last two fields should be |
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|
2605 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}}. |
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2606 |
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|
2607 The new fontset has two names, one long and one short. The long name is |
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|
2608 @var{fontpattern} in its entirety. The short name is |
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|
2609 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}}. You can refer to the fontset by either |
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|
2610 name. If a fontset with the same name already exists, an error is |
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|
2611 signaled, unless @var{noerror} is non-@code{nil}, in which case this |
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|
2612 function does nothing. |
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|
2613 |
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|
2614 If optional argument @var{style-variant-p} is non-@code{nil}, that says |
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|
2615 to create bold, italic and bold-italic variants of the fontset as well. |
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|
2616 These variant fontsets do not have a short name, only a long one, which |
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|
2617 is made by altering @var{fontpattern} to indicate the bold or italic |
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|
2618 status. |
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|
2619 |
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|
2620 The specification string also says which fonts to use in the fontset. |
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|
2621 See below for the details. |
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|
2622 @end defun |
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|
2623 |
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|
2624 The construct @samp{@var{charset}:@var{font}} specifies which font to |
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|
2625 use (in this fontset) for one particular character set. Here, |
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|
2626 @var{charset} is the name of a character set, and @var{font} is the font |
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|
2627 to use for that character set. You can use this construct any number of |
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|
2628 times in the specification string. |
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|
2629 |
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|
2630 For the remaining character sets, those that you don't specify |
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|
2631 explicitly, Emacs chooses a font based on @var{fontpattern}: it replaces |
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|
2632 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}} with a value that names one character set. |
52978
1a5c50faf357
Replace @sc{foo} with @acronym{FOO}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2633 For the @acronym{ASCII} character set, @samp{fontset-@var{alias}} is replaced |
25751
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|
2634 with @samp{ISO8859-1}. |
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|
2635 |
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2636 In addition, when several consecutive fields are wildcards, Emacs |
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|
2637 collapses them into a single wildcard. This is to prevent use of |
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2638 auto-scaled fonts. Fonts made by scaling larger fonts are not usable |
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2639 for editing, and scaling a smaller font is not useful because it is |
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2640 better to use the smaller font in its own size, which Emacs does. |
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|
2641 |
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2642 Thus if @var{fontpattern} is this, |
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2643 |
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2644 @example |
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2645 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-*-*-*-*-fontset-24 |
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|
2646 @end example |
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|
2647 |
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|
2648 @noindent |
52978
1a5c50faf357
Replace @sc{foo} with @acronym{FOO}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2649 the font specification for @acronym{ASCII} characters would be this: |
25751
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2650 |
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|
2651 @example |
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2652 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-ISO8859-1 |
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|
2653 @end example |
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|
2654 |
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|
2655 @noindent |
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|
2656 and the font specification for Chinese GB2312 characters would be this: |
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|
2657 |
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|
2658 @example |
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|
2659 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-gb2312*-* |
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|
2660 @end example |
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|
2661 |
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|
2662 You may not have any Chinese font matching the above font |
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|
2663 specification. Most X distributions include only Chinese fonts that |
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|
2664 have @samp{song ti} or @samp{fangsong ti} in the @var{family} field. In |
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2665 such a case, @samp{Fontset-@var{n}} can be specified as below: |
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|
2666 |
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|
2667 @smallexample |
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|
2668 Emacs.Fontset-0: -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-*-*-*-*-fontset-24,\ |
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|
2669 chinese-gb2312:-*-*-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-gb2312*-* |
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|
2670 @end smallexample |
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|
2671 |
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|
2672 @noindent |
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|
2673 Then, the font specifications for all but Chinese GB2312 characters have |
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|
2674 @samp{fixed} in the @var{family} field, and the font specification for |
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|
2675 Chinese GB2312 characters has a wild card @samp{*} in the @var{family} |
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|
2676 field. |
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|
2677 |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2678 @defun set-fontset-font name character fontname &optional frame |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2679 This function modifies the existing fontset @var{name} to |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2680 use the font name @var{fontname} for the character @var{character}. |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2681 |
52940
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2682 If @var{name} is @code{nil}, this function modifies the default |
54023 | 2683 fontset, whose short name is @samp{fontset-default}. |
52940
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2684 |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2685 @var{character} may be a cons; @code{(@var{from} . @var{to})}, where |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2686 @var{from} and @var{to} are non-generic characters. In that case, use |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2687 @var{fontname} for all characters in the range @var{from} and @var{to} |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2688 (inclusive). |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2689 |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2690 @var{character} may be a charset. In that case, use |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2691 @var{fontname} for all character in the charsets. |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2692 |
52940
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2693 @var{fontname} may be a cons; @code{(@var{family} . @var{registry})}, |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2694 where @var{family} is a family name of a font (possibly including a |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2695 foundry name at the head), @var{registry} is a registry name of a font |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2696 (possibly including an encoding name at the tail). |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2697 |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2698 For instance, this changes the default fontset to use a font of which |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2699 registry name is @samp{JISX0208.1983} for all characters belonging to |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2700 the charset @code{japanese-jisx0208}. |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2701 |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
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63134
diff
changeset
|
2702 @smallexample |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2703 (set-fontset-font nil 'japanese-jisx0208 '(nil . "JISX0208.1983")) |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2704 @end smallexample |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
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changeset
|
2705 @end defun |
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(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
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diff
changeset
|
2706 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2707 @defun char-displayable-p char |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2708 This function returns @code{t} if Emacs ought to be able to display |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2709 @var{char}. More precisely, if the selected frame's fontset has a |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2710 font to display the character set that @var{char} belongs to. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
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diff
changeset
|
2711 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2712 Fontsets can specify a font on a per-character basis; when the fontset |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
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parents:
52401
diff
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|
2713 does that, this function's value may not be accurate. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
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diff
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|
2714 @end defun |
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(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
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diff
changeset
|
2715 |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
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diff
changeset
|
2716 @node Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
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diff
changeset
|
2717 @section Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
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diff
changeset
|
2718 @cindex Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2719 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
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52002
diff
changeset
|
2720 The @dfn{fringes} of a window are thin vertical strips down the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
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52002
diff
changeset
|
2721 sides that are used for displaying bitmaps that indicate truncation, |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2722 continuation, horizontal scrolling, and the overlay arrow. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2723 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2724 @menu |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2725 * Fringe Size/Pos:: Specifying where to put the window fringes. |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2726 * Fringe Indicators:: Displaying indicator icons in the window fringes. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2727 * Fringe Cursors:: Displaying cursors in the right fringe. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2728 * Fringe Bitmaps:: Specifying bitmaps for fringe indicators. |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2729 * Customizing Bitmaps:: Specifying your own bitmaps to use in the fringes. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2730 * Overlay Arrow:: Display of an arrow to indicate position. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2731 @end menu |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2732 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2733 @node Fringe Size/Pos |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2734 @subsection Fringe Size and Position |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2735 |
65799
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2736 The following buffer-local variables control the position and width |
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2737 of the window fringes. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2738 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2739 @defvar fringes-outside-margins |
65799
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2740 The fringes normally appear between the display margins and the window |
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2741 text. If the value is non-@code{nil}, they appear outside the display |
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2742 margins. @xref{Display Margins}. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2743 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2744 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2745 @defvar left-fringe-width |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2746 This variable, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the width of the left |
65799
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2747 fringe in pixels. A value of @code{nil} means to use the left fringe |
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2748 width from the window's frame. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2749 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2750 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2751 @defvar right-fringe-width |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2752 This variable, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the width of the right |
65799
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2753 fringe in pixels. A value of @code{nil} means to use the right fringe |
2d967531d264
(Fringe Size/Pos): Simplify and add detail.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
65740
diff
changeset
|
2754 width from the window's frame. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2755 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2756 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2757 The values of these variables take effect when you display the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2758 buffer in a window. If you change them while the buffer is visible, |
54023 | 2759 you can call @code{set-window-buffer} to display it once again in the |
2760 same window, to make the changes take effect. | |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2761 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2762 @defun set-window-fringes window left &optional right outside-margins |
54023 | 2763 This function sets the fringe widths of window @var{window}. |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2764 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2765 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2766 The argument @var{left} specifies the width in pixels of the left |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2767 fringe, and likewise @var{right} for the right fringe. A value of |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2768 @code{nil} for either one stands for the default width. If |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2769 @var{outside-margins} is non-@code{nil}, that specifies that fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2770 should appear outside of the display margins. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2771 @end defun |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2772 |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2773 @defun window-fringes &optional window |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2774 This function returns information about the fringes of a window |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2775 @var{window}. If @var{window} is omitted or @code{nil}, the selected |
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2776 window is used. The value has the form @code{(@var{left-width} |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2777 @var{right-width} @var{outside-margins})}. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2778 @end defun |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2779 |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2780 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2781 @node Fringe Indicators |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2782 @subsection Fringe Indicators |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2783 @cindex fringe indicators |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2784 @cindex indicators, fringe |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2785 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2786 The @dfn{fringe indicators} are tiny icons Emacs displays in the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2787 window fringe (on a graphic display) to indicate truncated or |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2788 continued lines, buffer boundaries, overlay arrow, etc. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2789 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2790 @defopt indicate-empty-lines |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2791 @cindex fringes, and empty line indication |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2792 When this is non-@code{nil}, Emacs displays a special glyph in the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2793 fringe of each empty line at the end of the buffer, on graphical |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2794 displays. @xref{Fringes}. This variable is automatically |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2795 buffer-local in every buffer. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2796 @end defopt |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2797 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2798 @defvar indicate-buffer-boundaries |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2799 This buffer-local variable controls how the buffer boundaries and |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2800 window scrolling are indicated in the window fringes. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2801 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2802 Emacs can indicate the buffer boundaries---that is, the first and last |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2803 line in the buffer---with angle icons when they appear on the screen. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2804 In addition, Emacs can display an up-arrow in the fringe to show |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2805 that there is text above the screen, and a down-arrow to show |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2806 there is text below the screen. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2807 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2808 There are four kinds of basic values: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2809 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2810 @table @asis |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2811 @item @code{nil} |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2812 Don't display the icons. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2813 @item @code{left} |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2814 Display them in the left fringe. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2815 @item @code{right} |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2816 Display them in the right fringe. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2817 @item @var{anything-else} |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2818 Display the icon at the top of the window top in the left fringe, and other |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2819 in the right fringe. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2820 @end table |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2821 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2822 If value is a cons @code{(@var{angles} . @var{arrows})}, @var{angles} |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2823 controls the angle icons, and @var{arrows} controls the arrows. Both |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2824 @var{angles} and @var{arrows} work according to the table above. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2825 Thus, @code{(t . right)} places the top angle icon in the left |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2826 fringe, the bottom angle icon in the right fringe, and both arrows in |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2827 the right fringe. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2828 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2829 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2830 @defvar default-indicate-buffer-boundaries |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2831 The value of this variable is the default value for |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2832 @code{indicate-buffer-boundaries} in buffers that do not override it. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2833 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2834 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2835 @defvar fringe-indicator-alist |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2836 This buffer-local variable specifies the mapping from logical fringe |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2837 indicators to the actual bitmaps displayed in the window fringes. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2838 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2839 These symbols identify the logical fringe indicators: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2840 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2841 @table @asis |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2842 @item Truncation and continuation line indicators: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2843 @code{truncation}, @code{continuation}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2844 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2845 @item Buffer position indicators: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2846 @code{up}, @code{down}, |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2847 @code{top}, @code{bottom}, |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2848 @code{top-bottom}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2849 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2850 @item Empty line indicator: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2851 @code{empty-line}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2852 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2853 @item Overlay arrow indicator: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2854 @code{overlay-arrow}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2855 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2856 @item Unknown bitmap indicator: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2857 @code{unknown}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2858 @end table |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2859 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2860 The value is an alist where each element @code{(@var{indicator} . @var{bitmaps})} |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2861 specifies the fringe bitmaps used to display a specific logical |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2862 fringe indicator. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2863 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2864 Here, @var{indicator} specifies the logical indicator type, and |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2865 @var{bitmaps} is list of symbols @code{(@var{left} @var{right} |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2866 [@var{left1} @var{right1}])} which specifies the actual bitmap shown |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2867 in the left or right fringe for the logical indicator. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2868 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2869 The @var{left} and @var{right} symbols specify the bitmaps shown in |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2870 the left and/or right fringe for the specific indicator. The |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2871 @var{left1} or @var{right1} bitmaps are used only for the `bottom' and |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2872 `top-bottom indicators when the last (only) line in has no final |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2873 newline. Alternatively, @var{bitmaps} may be a single symbol which is |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2874 used in both left and right fringes. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2875 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2876 When @code{fringe-indicator-alist} has a buffer-local value, and there |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2877 is no bitmap defined for a logical indicator, or the bitmap is |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2878 @code{t}, the corresponding value from the (non-local) |
69611
1d437dedbd3a
(Fringe Indicators): Fix typos.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
69521
diff
changeset
|
2879 @code{default-fringe-indicator-alist} is used. |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2880 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2881 To completely hide a specific indicator, set the bitmap to @code{nil}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2882 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2883 |
69611
1d437dedbd3a
(Fringe Indicators): Fix typos.
Nick Roberts <nickrob@snap.net.nz>
parents:
69521
diff
changeset
|
2884 @defvar default-fringe-indicator-alist |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2885 The value of this variable is the default value for |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2886 @code{fringe-indicator-alist} in buffers that do not override it. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2887 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2888 |
71638 | 2889 Standard fringe bitmaps for indicators: |
2890 @example | |
2891 left-arrow right-arrow up-arrow down-arrow | |
2892 left-curly-arrow right-curly-arrow | |
2893 left-triangle right-triangle | |
2894 top-left-angle top-right-angle | |
2895 bottom-left-angle bottom-right-angle | |
2896 left-bracket right-bracket | |
2897 filled-rectangle hollow-rectangle | |
2898 filled-square hollow-square | |
2899 vertical-bar horizontal-bar | |
2900 empty-line question-mark | |
2901 @end example | |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2902 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2903 @node Fringe Cursors |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2904 @subsection Fringe Cursors |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2905 @cindex fringe cursors |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2906 @cindex cursor, fringe |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2907 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2908 When a line is exactly as wide as the window, Emacs displays the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2909 cursor in the right fringe instead of using two lines. Different |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2910 bitmaps are used to represent the cursor in the fringe depending on |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2911 the current buffer's cursor type. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2912 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2913 @table @asis |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2914 @item Logical cursor types: |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2915 @code{box} , @code{hollow}, @code{bar}, |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2916 @code{hbar}, @code{hollow-small}. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2917 @end table |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2918 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2919 The @code{hollow-small} type is used instead of @code{hollow} when the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2920 normal @code{hollow-rectangle} bitmap is too tall to fit on a specific |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2921 display line. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2922 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2923 @defvar overflow-newline-into-fringe |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2924 If this is non-@code{nil}, lines exactly as wide as the window (not |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2925 counting the final newline character) are not continued. Instead, |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2926 when point is at the end of the line, the cursor appears in the right |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2927 fringe. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2928 @end defvar |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2929 |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2930 @defvar fringe-cursor-alist |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2931 This variable specifies the mapping from logical cursor type to the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2932 actual fringe bitmaps displayed in the right fringe. The value is an |
71663 | 2933 alist where each element @code{(@var{cursor} . @var{bitmap})} specifies |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2934 the fringe bitmaps used to display a specific logical cursor type in |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2935 the fringe. Here, @var{cursor} specifies the logical cursor type and |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2936 @var{bitmap} is a symbol specifying the fringe bitmap to be displayed |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2937 for that logical cursor type. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2938 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2939 When @code{fringe-cursor-alist} has a buffer-local value, and there is |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2940 no bitmap defined for a cursor type, the corresponding value from the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2941 (non-local) @code{default-fringes-indicator-alist} is used. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2942 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2943 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2944 @defvar default-fringes-cursor-alist |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2945 The value of this variable is the default value for |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2946 @code{fringe-cursor-alist} in buffers that do not override it. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2947 @end defvar |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2948 |
71638 | 2949 Standard bitmaps for displaying the cursor in right fringe: |
2950 @example | |
2951 filled-rectangle hollow-rectangle filled-square hollow-square | |
2952 vertical-bar horizontal-bar | |
2953 @end example | |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2954 |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2955 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2956 @node Fringe Bitmaps |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2957 @subsection Fringe Bitmaps |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2958 @cindex fringe bitmaps |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2959 @cindex bitmaps, fringe |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2960 |
69052
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2961 The @dfn{fringe bitmaps} are the actual bitmaps which represent the |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2962 logical fringe indicators for truncated or continued lines, buffer |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2963 boundaries, overlay arrow, etc. Fringe bitmap symbols have their own |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2964 name space. The fringe bitmaps are shared by all frames and windows. |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2965 You can redefine the built-in fringe bitmaps, and you can define new |
0c26b31febaf
(Fringe Indicators): New section.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
68946
diff
changeset
|
2966 fringe bitmaps. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2967 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2968 The way to display a bitmap in the left or right fringes for a given |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2969 line in a window is by specifying the @code{display} property for one |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2970 of the characters that appears in it. Use a display specification of |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2971 the form @code{(left-fringe @var{bitmap} [@var{face}])} or |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2972 @code{(right-fringe @var{bitmap} [@var{face}])} (@pxref{Display |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2973 Property}). Here, @var{bitmap} is a symbol identifying the bitmap you |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2974 want, and @var{face} (which is optional) is the name of the face whose |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2975 colors should be used for displaying the bitmap, instead of the |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2976 default @code{fringe} face. @var{face} is automatically merged with |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2977 the @code{fringe} face, so normally @var{face} need only specify the |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2978 foreground color for the bitmap. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2979 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2980 @defun fringe-bitmaps-at-pos &optional pos window |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2981 This function returns the fringe bitmaps of the display line |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2982 containing position @var{pos} in window @var{window}. The return |
57331
c02ec4a1158e
(Fringe Bitmaps): Update fringe-bitmaps-at-pos.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57274
diff
changeset
|
2983 value has the form @code{(@var{left} @var{right} @var{ov})}, where @var{left} |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2984 is the symbol for the fringe bitmap in the left fringe (or @code{nil} |
57331
c02ec4a1158e
(Fringe Bitmaps): Update fringe-bitmaps-at-pos.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57274
diff
changeset
|
2985 if no bitmap), @var{right} is similar for the right fringe, and @var{ov} |
c02ec4a1158e
(Fringe Bitmaps): Update fringe-bitmaps-at-pos.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57274
diff
changeset
|
2986 is non-@code{nil} if there is an overlay arrow in the left fringe. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2987 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2988 The value is @code{nil} if @var{pos} is not visible in @var{window}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2989 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, that stands for the selected window. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2990 If @var{pos} is @code{nil}, that stands for the value of point in |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2991 @var{window}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2992 @end defun |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2993 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2994 @node Customizing Bitmaps |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2995 @subsection Customizing Fringe Bitmaps |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2996 |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2997 @defun define-fringe-bitmap bitmap bits &optional height width align |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2998 This function defines the symbol @var{bitmap} as a new fringe bitmap, |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2999 or replaces an existing bitmap with that name. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3000 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3001 The argument @var{bits} specifies the image to use. It should be |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3002 either a string or a vector of integers, where each element (an |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3003 integer) corresponds to one row of the bitmap. Each bit of an integer |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
3004 corresponds to one pixel of the bitmap, where the low bit corresponds |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
3005 to the rightmost pixel of the bitmap. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3006 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3007 The height is normally the length of @var{bits}. However, you |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3008 can specify a different height with non-@code{nil} @var{height}. The width |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3009 is normally 8, but you can specify a different width with non-@code{nil} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3010 @var{width}. The width must be an integer between 1 and 16. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3011 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3012 The argument @var{align} specifies the positioning of the bitmap |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3013 relative to the range of rows where it is used; the default is to |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3014 center the bitmap. The allowed values are @code{top}, @code{center}, |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3015 or @code{bottom}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3016 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3017 The @var{align} argument may also be a list @code{(@var{align} |
57225 | 3018 @var{periodic})} where @var{align} is interpreted as described above. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3019 If @var{periodic} is non-@code{nil}, it specifies that the rows in |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3020 @code{bits} should be repeated enough times to reach the specified |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3021 height. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3022 @end defun |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3023 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3024 @defun destroy-fringe-bitmap bitmap |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3025 This function destroy the fringe bitmap identified by @var{bitmap}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3026 If @var{bitmap} identifies a standard fringe bitmap, it actually |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3027 restores the standard definition of that bitmap, instead of |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3028 eliminating it entirely. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3029 @end defun |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3030 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3031 @defun set-fringe-bitmap-face bitmap &optional face |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3032 This sets the face for the fringe bitmap @var{bitmap} to @var{face}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3033 If @var{face} is @code{nil}, it selects the @code{fringe} face. The |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3034 bitmap's face controls the color to draw it in. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3035 |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3036 @var{face} is merged with the @code{fringe} face, so normally |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3037 @var{face} should specify only the foreground color. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3038 @end defun |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3039 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3040 @node Overlay Arrow |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3041 @subsection The Overlay Arrow |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3042 @cindex overlay arrow |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3043 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3044 The @dfn{overlay arrow} is useful for directing the user's attention |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3045 to a particular line in a buffer. For example, in the modes used for |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3046 interface to debuggers, the overlay arrow indicates the line of code |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3047 about to be executed. This feature has nothing to do with |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3048 @dfn{overlays} (@pxref{Overlays}). |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3049 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3050 @defvar overlay-arrow-string |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3051 This variable holds the string to display to call attention to a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3052 particular line, or @code{nil} if the arrow feature is not in use. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3053 On a graphical display the contents of the string are ignored; instead a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3054 glyph is displayed in the fringe area to the left of the display area. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3055 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3056 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3057 @defvar overlay-arrow-position |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3058 This variable holds a marker that indicates where to display the overlay |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3059 arrow. It should point at the beginning of a line. On a non-graphical |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3060 display the arrow text |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3061 appears at the beginning of that line, overlaying any text that would |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3062 otherwise appear. Since the arrow is usually short, and the line |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3063 usually begins with indentation, normally nothing significant is |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3064 overwritten. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3065 |
66341
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3066 The overlay-arrow string is displayed in any given buffer if the value |
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3067 of @code{overlay-arrow-position} in that buffer points into that |
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3068 buffer. Thus, it works to can display multiple overlay arrow strings |
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3069 by creating buffer-local bindings of @code{overlay-arrow-position}. |
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3070 However, it is usually cleaner to use |
8ad92df59512
(Overlay Arrow): Clarify about local bindings of overlay-arrow-position.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
66209
diff
changeset
|
3071 @code{overlay-arrow-variable-list} to achieve this result. |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3072 @c !!! overlay-arrow-position: but the overlay string may remain in the display |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3073 @c of some other buffer until an update is required. This should be fixed |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3074 @c now. Is it? |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3075 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3076 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3077 You can do a similar job by creating an overlay with a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3078 @code{before-string} property. @xref{Overlay Properties}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3079 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3080 You can define multiple overlay arrows via the variable |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3081 @code{overlay-arrow-variable-list}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3082 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3083 @defvar overlay-arrow-variable-list |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
3084 This variable's value is a list of variables, each of which specifies |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3085 the position of an overlay arrow. The variable |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3086 @code{overlay-arrow-position} has its normal meaning because it is on |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3087 this list. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3088 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3089 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3090 Each variable on this list can have properties |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3091 @code{overlay-arrow-string} and @code{overlay-arrow-bitmap} that |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3092 specify an overlay arrow string (for text-only terminals) or fringe |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3093 bitmap (for graphical terminals) to display at the corresponding |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3094 overlay arrow position. If either property is not set, the default |
71663 | 3095 @code{overlay-arrow-string} or @code{overlay-arrow} fringe indicator |
3096 is used. | |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3097 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3098 @node Scroll Bars |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3099 @section Scroll Bars |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3100 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3101 Normally the frame parameter @code{vertical-scroll-bars} controls |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3102 whether the windows in the frame have vertical scroll bars, and |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3103 whether they are on the left or right. The frame parameter |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3104 @code{scroll-bar-width} specifies how wide they are (@code{nil} |
64877
573bd827cef9
(Line Height, Scroll Bars): Fix xrefs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64841
diff
changeset
|
3105 meaning the default). @xref{Layout Parameters}. |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3106 |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3107 @defun frame-current-scroll-bars &optional frame |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3108 This function reports the scroll bar type settings for frame |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3109 @var{frame}. The value is a cons cell |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3110 @code{(@var{vertical-type} .@: @var{horizontal-type})}, where |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3111 @var{vertical-type} is either @code{left}, @code{right}, or @code{nil} |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3112 (which means no scroll bar.) @var{horizontal-type} is meant to |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3113 specify the horizontal scroll bar type, but since they are not |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3114 implemented, it is always @code{nil}. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3115 @end defun |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3116 |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3117 @vindex vertical-scroll-bar |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3118 You can enable or disable scroll bars for a particular buffer, |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3119 by setting the variable @code{vertical-scroll-bar}. This variable |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3120 automatically becomes buffer-local when set. The possible values are |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3121 @code{left}, @code{right}, @code{t}, which means to use the |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3122 frame's default, and @code{nil} for no scroll bar. |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3123 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3124 You can also control this for individual windows. Call the function |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3125 @code{set-window-scroll-bars} to specify what to do for a specific window: |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3126 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3127 @defun set-window-scroll-bars window width &optional vertical-type horizontal-type |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3128 This function sets the width and type of scroll bars for window |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3129 @var{window}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3130 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3131 @var{width} specifies the scroll bar width in pixels (@code{nil} means |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3132 use the width specified for the frame). @var{vertical-type} specifies |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3133 whether to have a vertical scroll bar and, if so, where. The possible |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3134 values are @code{left}, @code{right} and @code{nil}, just like the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3135 values of the @code{vertical-scroll-bars} frame parameter. |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3136 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3137 The argument @var{horizontal-type} is meant to specify whether and |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3138 where to have horizontal scroll bars, but since they are not |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3139 implemented, it has no effect. If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3140 selected window is used. |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3141 @end defun |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3142 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3143 @defun window-scroll-bars &optional window |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3144 Report the width and type of scroll bars specified for @var{window}. |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
3145 If @var{window} is omitted or @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
3146 The value is a list of the form @code{(@var{width} |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3147 @var{cols} @var{vertical-type} @var{horizontal-type})}. The value |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3148 @var{width} is the value that was specified for the width (which may |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3149 be @code{nil}); @var{cols} is the number of columns that the scroll |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3150 bar actually occupies. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3151 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3152 @var{horizontal-type} is not actually meaningful. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3153 @end defun |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3154 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3155 If you don't specify these values for a window with |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3156 @code{set-window-scroll-bars}, the buffer-local variables |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3157 @code{scroll-bar-mode} and @code{scroll-bar-width} in the buffer being |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3158 displayed control the window's vertical scroll bars. The function |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3159 @code{set-window-buffer} examines these variables. If you change them |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3160 in a buffer that is already visible in a window, you can make the |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3161 window take note of the new values by calling @code{set-window-buffer} |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3162 specifying the same buffer that is already displayed. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3163 |
58496
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3164 @defvar scroll-bar-mode |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3165 This variable, always local in all buffers, controls whether and where |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3166 to put scroll bars in windows displaying the buffer. The possible values |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3167 are @code{nil} for no scroll bar, @code{left} to put a scroll bar on |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3168 the left, and @code{right} to put a scroll bar on the right. |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3169 @end defvar |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3170 |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3171 @defun window-current-scroll-bars &optional window |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3172 This function reports the scroll bar type for window @var{window}. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3173 If @var{window} is omitted or @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3174 The value is a cons cell |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3175 @code{(@var{vertical-type} .@: @var{horizontal-type})}. Unlike |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3176 @code{window-scroll-bars}, this reports the scroll bar type actually |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3177 used, once frame defaults and @code{scroll-bar-mode} are taken into |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3178 account. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3179 @end defun |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3180 |
58496
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3181 @defvar scroll-bar-width |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3182 This variable, always local in all buffers, specifies the width of the |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3183 buffer's scroll bars, measured in pixels. A value of @code{nil} means |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3184 to use the value specified by the frame. |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3185 @end defvar |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3186 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3187 @node Display Property |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3188 @section The @code{display} Property |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3189 @cindex display specification |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3190 @kindex display @r{(text property)} |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3191 |
25875 | 3192 The @code{display} text property (or overlay property) is used to |
3193 insert images into text, and also control other aspects of how text | |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
3194 displays. The value of the @code{display} property should be a |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
3195 display specification, or a list or vector containing several display |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3196 specifications. |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3197 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3198 Some kinds of @code{display} properties specify something to display |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3199 instead of the text that has the property. In this case, ``the text'' |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3200 means all the consecutive characters that have the same Lisp object as |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3201 their @code{display} property; these characters are replaced as a |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3202 single unit. By contrast, characters that have similar but distinct |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3203 Lisp objects as their @code{display} properties are handled |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3204 separately. Here's a function that illustrates this point: |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3205 |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3206 @smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3207 (defun foo () |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3208 (goto-char (point-min)) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3209 (dotimes (i 5) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3210 (let ((string (concat "A"))) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3211 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3212 (forward-char 1) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3213 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3214 (forward-char 1)))) |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3215 @end smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3216 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3217 @noindent |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3218 It gives each of the first ten characters in the buffer string |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3219 @code{"A"} as the @code{display} property, but they don't all get the |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3220 same string. The first two characters get the same string, so they |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3221 together are replaced with one @samp{A}. The next two characters get |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3222 a second string, so they together are replaced with one @samp{A}. |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3223 Likewise for each following pair of characters. Thus, the ten |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3224 characters appear as five A's. This function would have the same |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3225 results: |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3226 |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3227 @smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3228 (defun foo () |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3229 (goto-char (point-min)) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3230 (dotimes (i 5) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3231 (let ((string (concat "A"))) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3232 (put-text-property (point) (2+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3233 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3234 (forward-char 2)))) |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3235 @end smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3236 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3237 @noindent |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3238 This illustrates that what matters is the property value for |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3239 each character. If two consecutive characters have the same |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
3240 object as the @code{display} property value, it's irrelevant |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3241 whether they got this property from a single call to |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3242 @code{put-text-property} or from two different calls. |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3243 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3244 The rest of this section describes several kinds of |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
3245 display specifications and what they mean. |
25751
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*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3246 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3247 @menu |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
3248 * Specified Space:: Displaying one space with a specified width. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3249 * Pixel Specification:: Specifying space width or height in pixels. |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
3250 * Other Display Specs:: Displaying an image; magnifying text; moving it |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
48948
diff
changeset
|
3251 up or down on the page; adjusting the width |
25875 | 3252 of spaces within text. |
3253 * Display Margins:: Displaying text or images to the side of the main text. | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3254 @end menu |
467b88fab665
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3255 |
467b88fab665
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3256 @node Specified Space |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3257 @subsection Specified Spaces |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3258 @cindex spaces, specified height or width |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3259 @cindex specified spaces |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3260 @cindex variable-width spaces |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3261 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3262 To display a space of specified width and/or height, use a display |
25875 | 3263 specification of the form @code{(space . @var{props})}, where |
3264 @var{props} is a property list (a list of alternating properties and | |
3265 values). You can put this property on one or more consecutive | |
3266 characters; a space of the specified height and width is displayed in | |
3267 place of @emph{all} of those characters. These are the properties you | |
44281 | 3268 can use in @var{props} to specify the weight of the space: |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3269 |
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3270 @table @code |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3271 @item :width @var{width} |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
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|
3272 If @var{width} is an integer or floating point number, it specifies |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3273 that the space width should be @var{width} times the normal character |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3274 width. @var{width} can also be a @dfn{pixel width} specification |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3275 (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3276 |
467b88fab665
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3277 @item :relative-width @var{factor} |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3278 Specifies that the width of the stretch should be computed from the |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3279 first character in the group of consecutive characters that have the |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3280 same @code{display} property. The space width is the width of that |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3281 character, multiplied by @var{factor}. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3282 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3283 @item :align-to @var{hpos} |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3284 Specifies that the space should be wide enough to reach @var{hpos}. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3285 If @var{hpos} is a number, it is measured in units of the normal |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3286 character width. @var{hpos} can also be a @dfn{pixel width} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3287 specification (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3288 @end table |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3289 |
44281 | 3290 You should use one and only one of the above properties. You can |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3291 also specify the height of the space, with these properties: |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3292 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3293 @table @code |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3294 @item :height @var{height} |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3295 Specifies the height of the space. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3296 If @var{height} is an integer or floating point number, it specifies |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3297 that the space height should be @var{height} times the normal character |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3298 height. The @var{height} may also be a @dfn{pixel height} specification |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3299 (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3300 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3301 @item :relative-height @var{factor} |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3302 Specifies the height of the space, multiplying the ordinary height |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
25454
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changeset
|
3303 of the text having this display specification by @var{factor}. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3304 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3305 @item :ascent @var{ascent} |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3306 If the value of @var{ascent} is a non-negative number no greater than |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3307 100, it specifies that @var{ascent} percent of the height of the space |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3308 should be considered as the ascent of the space---that is, the part |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3309 above the baseline. The ascent may also be specified in pixel units |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3310 with a @dfn{pixel ascent} specification (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3311 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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changeset
|
3312 @end table |
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|
3313 |
44281 | 3314 Don't use both @code{:height} and @code{:relative-height} together. |
25751
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*** empty log message ***
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changeset
|
3315 |
60509
b6fee46c2fad
(Specified Space): Property :width is support on
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
60503
diff
changeset
|
3316 The @code{:width} and @code{:align-to} properties are supported on |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3317 non-graphic terminals, but the other space properties in this section |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3318 are not. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3319 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3320 @node Pixel Specification |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3321 @subsection Pixel Specification for Spaces |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3322 @cindex spaces, pixel specification |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3323 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3324 The value of the @code{:width}, @code{:align-to}, @code{:height}, |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3325 and @code{:ascent} properties can be a special kind of expression that |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3326 is evaluated during redisplay. The result of the evaluation is used |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3327 as an absolute number of pixels. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3328 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3329 The following expressions are supported: |
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diff
changeset
|
3330 |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3331 @smallexample |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3332 @group |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
3333 @var{expr} ::= @var{num} | (@var{num}) | @var{unit} | @var{elem} | @var{pos} | @var{image} | @var{form} |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3334 @var{num} ::= @var{integer} | @var{float} | @var{symbol} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3335 @var{unit} ::= in | mm | cm | width | height |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3336 @end group |
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3337 @group |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3338 @var{elem} ::= left-fringe | right-fringe | left-margin | right-margin |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3339 | scroll-bar | text |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3340 @var{pos} ::= left | center | right |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3341 @var{form} ::= (@var{num} . @var{expr}) | (@var{op} @var{expr} ...) |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3342 @var{op} ::= + | - |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3343 @end group |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3344 @end smallexample |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3345 |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3346 The form @var{num} specifies a fraction of the default frame font |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3347 height or width. The form @code{(@var{num})} specifies an absolute |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3348 number of pixels. If @var{num} is a symbol, @var{symbol}, its |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3349 buffer-local variable binding is used. |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3350 |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3351 The @code{in}, @code{mm}, and @code{cm} units specify the number of |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3352 pixels per inch, millimeter, and centimeter, respectively. The |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3353 @code{width} and @code{height} units correspond to the default width |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
3354 and height of the current face. An image specification @code{image} |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3355 corresponds to the width or height of the image. |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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changeset
|
3356 |
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diff
changeset
|
3357 The @code{left-fringe}, @code{right-fringe}, @code{left-margin}, |
714a83d1ea32
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3358 @code{right-margin}, @code{scroll-bar}, and @code{text} elements |
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Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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changeset
|
3359 specify to the width of the corresponding area of the window. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3360 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3361 The @code{left}, @code{center}, and @code{right} positions can be |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3362 used with @code{:align-to} to specify a position relative to the left |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3363 edge, center, or right edge of the text area. |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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diff
changeset
|
3364 |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3365 Any of the above window elements (except @code{text}) can also be |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3366 used with @code{:align-to} to specify that the position is relative to |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3367 the left edge of the given area. Once the base offset for a relative |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3368 position has been set (by the first occurrence of one of these |
57225 | 3369 symbols), further occurrences of these symbols are interpreted as the |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3370 width of the specified area. For example, to align to the center of |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3371 the left-margin, use |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3372 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3373 @example |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3374 :align-to (+ left-margin (0.5 . left-margin)) |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3375 @end example |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3376 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3377 If no specific base offset is set for alignment, it is always relative |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3378 to the left edge of the text area. For example, @samp{:align-to 0} in a |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3379 header-line aligns with the first text column in the text area. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3380 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3381 A value of the form @code{(@var{num} . @var{expr})} stands for the |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3382 product of the values of @var{num} and @var{expr}. For example, |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3383 @code{(2 . in)} specifies a width of 2 inches, while @code{(0.5 . |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3384 @var{image})} specifies half the width (or height) of the specified |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3385 image. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3386 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3387 The form @code{(+ @var{expr} ...)} adds up the value of the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3388 expressions. The form @code{(- @var{expr} ...)} negates or subtracts |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3389 the value of the expressions. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3390 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3391 @node Other Display Specs |
467b88fab665
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parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3392 @subsection Other Display Specifications |
467b88fab665
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3393 |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3394 Here are the other sorts of display specifications that you can use |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3395 in the @code{display} text property. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3396 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
3397 @table @code |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3398 @item @var{string} |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3399 Display @var{string} instead of the text that has this property. |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3400 |
68282
6efd3312bd38
(Other Display Specs): Delete duplicate entry for
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68084
diff
changeset
|
3401 Recursive display specifications are not supported---@var{string}'s |
6efd3312bd38
(Other Display Specs): Delete duplicate entry for
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68084
diff
changeset
|
3402 @code{display} properties, if any, are not used. |
6efd3312bd38
(Other Display Specs): Delete duplicate entry for
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68084
diff
changeset
|
3403 |
68946
956ccc6ec126
(Other Display Specs, Image Descriptors): Revert erroneous changes.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
68708
diff
changeset
|
3404 @item (image . @var{image-props}) |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3405 This kind of display specification is an image descriptor (@pxref{Images}). |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3406 When used as a display specification, it means to display the image |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3407 instead of the text that has the display specification. |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3408 |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3409 @item (slice @var{x} @var{y} @var{width} @var{height}) |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3410 This specification together with @code{image} specifies a @dfn{slice} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3411 (a partial area) of the image to display. The elements @var{y} and |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3412 @var{x} specify the top left corner of the slice, within the image; |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3413 @var{width} and @var{height} specify the width and height of the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3414 slice. Integer values are numbers of pixels. A floating point number |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3415 in the range 0.0--1.0 stands for that fraction of the width or height |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3416 of the entire image. |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3417 |
32467 | 3418 @item ((margin nil) @var{string}) |
3419 A display specification of this form means to display @var{string} | |
3420 instead of the text that has the display specification, at the same | |
68282
6efd3312bd38
(Other Display Specs): Delete duplicate entry for
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68084
diff
changeset
|
3421 position as that text. It is equivalent to using just @var{string}, |
6efd3312bd38
(Other Display Specs): Delete duplicate entry for
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
68084
diff
changeset
|
3422 but it is done as a special case of marginal display (@pxref{Display |
6efd3312bd38
(Other Display Specs): Delete duplicate entry for
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3423 Margins}). |
36935 | 3424 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3425 @item (space-width @var{factor}) |
25875 | 3426 This display specification affects all the space characters within the |
3427 text that has the specification. It displays all of these spaces | |
3428 @var{factor} times as wide as normal. The element @var{factor} should | |
3429 be an integer or float. Characters other than spaces are not affected | |
3430 at all; in particular, this has no effect on tab characters. | |
25751
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diff
changeset
|
3431 |
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diff
changeset
|
3432 @item (height @var{height}) |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3433 This display specification makes the text taller or shorter. |
467b88fab665
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3434 Here are the possibilities for @var{height}: |
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diff
changeset
|
3435 |
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changeset
|
3436 @table @asis |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3437 @item @code{(+ @var{n})} |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3438 This means to use a font that is @var{n} steps larger. A ``step'' is |
25875 | 3439 defined by the set of available fonts---specifically, those that match |
3440 what was otherwise specified for this text, in all attributes except | |
3441 height. Each size for which a suitable font is available counts as | |
3442 another step. @var{n} should be an integer. | |
25751
467b88fab665
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diff
changeset
|
3443 |
467b88fab665
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diff
changeset
|
3444 @item @code{(- @var{n})} |
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*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
3445 This means to use a font that is @var{n} steps smaller. |
467b88fab665
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diff
changeset
|
3446 |
467b88fab665
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diff
changeset
|
3447 @item a number, @var{factor} |
467b88fab665
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3448 A number, @var{factor}, means to use a font that is @var{factor} times |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3449 as tall as the default font. |
467b88fab665
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3450 |
467b88fab665
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parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3451 @item a symbol, @var{function} |
467b88fab665
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parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3452 A symbol is a function to compute the height. It is called with the |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
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parents:
25454
diff
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|
3453 current height as argument, and should return the new height to use. |
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3454 |
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3455 @item anything else, @var{form} |
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3456 If the @var{height} value doesn't fit the previous possibilities, it is |
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3457 a form. Emacs evaluates it to get the new height, with the symbol |
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3458 @code{height} bound to the current specified font height. |
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3459 @end table |
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3460 |
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3461 @item (raise @var{factor}) |
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3462 This kind of display specification raises or lowers the text |
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3463 it applies to, relative to the baseline of the line. |
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3464 |
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3465 @var{factor} must be a number, which is interpreted as a multiple of the |
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3466 height of the affected text. If it is positive, that means to display |
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3467 the characters raised. If it is negative, that means to display them |
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3468 lower down. |
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3469 |
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3470 If the text also has a @code{height} display specification, that does |
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3471 not affect the amount of raising or lowering, which is based on the |
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3472 faces used for the text. |
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3473 @end table |
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3474 |
69849
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3475 @c We put all the `@code{(when ...)}' on one line to encourage |
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3476 @c makeinfo's end-of-sentence heuristics to DTRT. Previously, the dot |
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3477 @c was at eol; the info file ended up w/ two spaces rendered after it. |
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3478 You can make any display specification conditional. To do that, |
69849
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3479 package it in another list of the form |
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3480 @code{(when @var{condition} . @var{spec})}. |
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3481 Then the specification @var{spec} applies only when |
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3482 @var{condition} evaluates to a non-@code{nil} value. During the |
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3483 evaluation, @code{object} is bound to the string or buffer having the |
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3484 conditional @code{display} property. @code{position} and |
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3485 @code{buffer-position} are bound to the position within @code{object} |
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3486 and the buffer position where the @code{display} property was found, |
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3487 respectively. Both positions can be different when @code{object} is a |
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3488 string. |
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3489 |
25751
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3490 @node Display Margins |
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3491 @subsection Displaying in the Margins |
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3492 @cindex display margins |
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3493 @cindex margins, display |
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3494 |
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3495 A buffer can have blank areas called @dfn{display margins} on the left |
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3496 and on the right. Ordinary text never appears in these areas, but you |
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3497 can put things into the display margins using the @code{display} |
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3498 property. |
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3499 |
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3500 To put text in the left or right display margin of the window, use a |
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3501 display specification of the form @code{(margin right-margin)} or |
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3502 @code{(margin left-margin)} on it. To put an image in a display margin, |
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3503 use that display specification along with the display specification for |
42476
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Margin displays can't be mouse sensitive.
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3504 the image. Unfortunately, there is currently no way to make |
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3505 text or images in the margin mouse-sensitive. |
25751
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3506 |
42297
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Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
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3507 If you put such a display specification directly on text in the |
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3508 buffer, the specified margin display appears @emph{instead of} that |
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3509 buffer text itself. To put something in the margin @emph{in |
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3510 association with} certain buffer text without preventing or altering |
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|
3511 the display of that text, put a @code{before-string} property on the |
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3512 text and put the display specification on the contents of the |
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3513 before-string. |
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|
3514 |
25751
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3515 Before the display margins can display anything, you must give |
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3516 them a nonzero width. The usual way to do that is to set these |
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3517 variables: |
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3518 |
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3519 @defvar left-margin-width |
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3520 This variable specifies the width of the left margin. |
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3521 It is buffer-local in all buffers. |
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3522 @end defvar |
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3523 |
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3524 @defvar right-margin-width |
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3525 This variable specifies the width of the right margin. |
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3526 It is buffer-local in all buffers. |
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3527 @end defvar |
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3528 |
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3529 Setting these variables does not immediately affect the window. These |
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|
3530 variables are checked when a new buffer is displayed in the window. |
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|
3531 Thus, you can make changes take effect by calling |
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|
3532 @code{set-window-buffer}. |
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3533 |
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3534 You can also set the margin widths immediately. |
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3535 |
36935 | 3536 @defun set-window-margins window left &optional right |
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3537 This function specifies the margin widths for window @var{window}. |
49600
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Trailing whitespace deleted.
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|
3538 The argument @var{left} controls the left margin and |
36935 | 3539 @var{right} controls the right margin (default @code{0}). |
25751
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3540 @end defun |
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3541 |
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3542 @defun window-margins &optional window |
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3543 This function returns the left and right margins of @var{window} |
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3544 as a cons cell of the form @code{(@var{left} . @var{right})}. |
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3545 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
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3546 @end defun |
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3547 |
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3548 @node Images |
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3549 @section Images |
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3550 @cindex images in buffers |
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3551 |
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3552 To display an image in an Emacs buffer, you must first create an image |
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3553 descriptor, then use it as a display specifier in the @code{display} |
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3554 property of text that is displayed (@pxref{Display Property}). |
25751
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3555 |
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3556 Emacs can display a number of different image formats; some of them |
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3557 are supported only if particular support libraries are installed on |
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3558 your machine. In some environments, Emacs can load image |
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3559 libraries on demand; if so, the variable @code{image-library-alist} |
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|
3560 can be used to modify the set of known names for these dynamic |
57225 | 3561 libraries (though it is not possible to add new image formats). |
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3562 |
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|
3563 The supported image formats include XBM, XPM (this requires the |
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|
3564 libraries @code{libXpm} version 3.4k and @code{libz}), GIF (requiring |
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|
3565 @code{libungif} 4.1.0), Postscript, PBM, JPEG (requiring the |
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|
3566 @code{libjpeg} library version v6a), TIFF (requiring @code{libtiff} |
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|
3567 v3.4), and PNG (requiring @code{libpng} 1.0.2). |
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3568 |
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|
3569 You specify one of these formats with an image type symbol. The image |
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|
3570 type symbols are @code{xbm}, @code{xpm}, @code{gif}, @code{postscript}, |
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3571 @code{pbm}, @code{jpeg}, @code{tiff}, and @code{png}. |
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3572 |
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|
3573 @defvar image-types |
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3574 This variable contains a list of those image type symbols that are |
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3575 potentially supported in the current configuration. |
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3576 @emph{Potentially} here means that Emacs knows about the image types, |
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3577 not necessarily that they can be loaded (they could depend on |
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3578 unavailable dynamic libraries, for example). |
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3579 |
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3580 To know which image types are really available, use |
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3581 @code{image-type-available-p}. |
25751
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3582 @end defvar |
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3583 |
56109
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3584 @defvar image-library-alist |
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3585 This in an alist of image types vs external libraries needed to |
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3586 display them. |
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3587 |
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3588 Each element is a list @code{(@var{image-type} @var{library}...)}, |
56109
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3589 where the car is a supported image format from @code{image-types}, and |
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3590 the rest are strings giving alternate filenames for the corresponding |
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3591 external libraries to load. |
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3592 |
56185
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3593 Emacs tries to load the libraries in the order they appear on the |
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3594 list; if none is loaded, the running session of Emacs won't support |
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3595 the image type. @code{pbm} and @code{xbm} don't need to be listed; |
56109
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3596 they're always supported. |
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3597 |
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3598 This variable is ignored if the image libraries are statically linked |
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3599 into Emacs. |
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3600 @end defvar |
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3601 |
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3602 @defun image-type-available-p type |
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3603 @findex image-type-available-p |
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3604 |
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3605 This function returns non-@code{nil} if image type @var{type} is |
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3606 available, i.e., if images of this type can be loaded and displayed in |
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3607 Emacs. @var{type} should be one of the types contained in |
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3608 @code{image-types}. |
56109
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3609 |
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3610 For image types whose support libraries are statically linked, this |
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3611 function always returns @code{t}; for other image types, it returns |
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3612 @code{t} if the dynamic library could be loaded, @code{nil} otherwise. |
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3613 @end defun |
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3614 |
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3615 @menu |
25875 | 3616 * Image Descriptors:: How to specify an image for use in @code{:display}. |
3617 * XBM Images:: Special features for XBM format. | |
3618 * XPM Images:: Special features for XPM format. | |
3619 * GIF Images:: Special features for GIF format. | |
3620 * Postscript Images:: Special features for Postscript format. | |
3621 * Other Image Types:: Various other formats are supported. | |
3622 * Defining Images:: Convenient ways to define an image for later use. | |
3623 * Showing Images:: Convenient ways to display an image once it is defined. | |
3624 * Image Cache:: Internal mechanisms of image display. | |
25751
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3625 @end menu |
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3626 |
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3627 @node Image Descriptors |
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3628 @subsection Image Descriptors |
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3629 @cindex image descriptor |
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3630 |
68946
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3631 An image description is a list of the form @code{(image . @var{props})}, |
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3632 where @var{props} is a property list containing alternating keyword |
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3633 symbols (symbols whose names start with a colon) and their values. |
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3634 You can use any Lisp object as a property, but the only properties |
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3635 that have any special meaning are certain symbols, all of them keywords. |
26400 | 3636 |
3637 Every image descriptor must contain the property @code{:type | |
3638 @var{type}} to specify the format of the image. The value of @var{type} | |
3639 should be an image type symbol; for example, @code{xpm} for an image in | |
3640 XPM format. | |
25751
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3641 |
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3642 Here is a list of other properties that are meaningful for all image |
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3643 types: |
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3644 |
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3645 @table @code |
36730
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3646 @item :file @var{file} |
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3647 The @code{:file} property says to load the image from file |
36730
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3648 @var{file}. If @var{file} is not an absolute file name, it is expanded |
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3649 in @code{data-directory}. |
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3650 |
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3651 @item :data @var{data} |
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3652 The @code{:data} property says the actual contents of the image. |
36730
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3653 Each image must use either @code{:data} or @code{:file}, but not both. |
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3654 For most image types, the value of the @code{:data} property should be a |
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3655 string containing the image data; we recommend using a unibyte string. |
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3656 |
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3657 Before using @code{:data}, look for further information in the section |
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3658 below describing the specific image format. For some image types, |
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3659 @code{:data} may not be supported; for some, it allows other data types; |
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3660 for some, @code{:data} alone is not enough, so you need to use other |
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3661 image properties along with @code{:data}. |
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3662 |
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3663 @item :margin @var{margin} |
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3664 The @code{:margin} property specifies how many pixels to add as an |
51000
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3665 extra margin around the image. The value, @var{margin}, must be a |
36730
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3666 non-negative number, or a pair @code{(@var{x} . @var{y})} of such |
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3667 numbers. If it is a pair, @var{x} specifies how many pixels to add |
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3668 horizontally, and @var{y} specifies how many pixels to add vertically. |
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3669 If @code{:margin} is not specified, the default is zero. |
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3670 |
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3671 @item :ascent @var{ascent} |
29151 | 3672 The @code{:ascent} property specifies the amount of the image's |
3673 height to use for its ascent---that is, the part above the baseline. | |
3674 The value, @var{ascent}, must be a number in the range 0 to 100, or | |
3675 the symbol @code{center}. | |
3676 | |
3677 If @var{ascent} is a number, that percentage of the image's height is | |
3678 used for its ascent. | |
3679 | |
3680 If @var{ascent} is @code{center}, the image is vertically centered | |
3681 around a centerline which would be the vertical centerline of text drawn | |
3682 at the position of the image, in the manner specified by the text | |
3683 properties and overlays that apply to the image. | |
3684 | |
3685 If this property is omitted, it defaults to 50. | |
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3686 |
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3687 @item :relief @var{relief} |
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3688 The @code{:relief} property, if non-@code{nil}, adds a shadow rectangle |
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3689 around the image. The value, @var{relief}, specifies the width of the |
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3690 shadow lines, in pixels. If @var{relief} is negative, shadows are drawn |
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3691 so that the image appears as a pressed button; otherwise, it appears as |
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3692 an unpressed button. |
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3693 |
35364 | 3694 @item :conversion @var{algorithm} |
3695 The @code{:conversion} property, if non-@code{nil}, specifies a | |
25751
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3696 conversion algorithm that should be applied to the image before it is |
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3697 displayed; the value, @var{algorithm}, specifies which algorithm. |
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3698 |
33996 | 3699 @table @code |
3700 @item laplace | |
3701 @itemx emboss | |
3702 Specifies the Laplace edge detection algorithm, which blurs out small | |
3703 differences in color while highlighting larger differences. People | |
3704 sometimes consider this useful for displaying the image for a | |
3705 ``disabled'' button. | |
3706 | |
3707 @item (edge-detection :matrix @var{matrix} :color-adjust @var{adjust}) | |
3708 Specifies a general edge-detection algorithm. @var{matrix} must be | |
3709 either a nine-element list or a nine-element vector of numbers. A pixel | |
3710 at position @math{x/y} in the transformed image is computed from | |
3711 original pixels around that position. @var{matrix} specifies, for each | |
3712 pixel in the neighborhood of @math{x/y}, a factor with which that pixel | |
3713 will influence the transformed pixel; element @math{0} specifies the | |
3714 factor for the pixel at @math{x-1/y-1}, element @math{1} the factor for | |
3715 the pixel at @math{x/y-1} etc., as shown below: | |
3716 @iftex | |
3717 @tex | |
3718 $$\pmatrix{x-1/y-1 & x/y-1 & x+1/y-1 \cr | |
3719 x-1/y & x/y & x+1/y \cr | |
3720 x-1/y+1& x/y+1 & x+1/y+1 \cr}$$ | |
3721 @end tex | |
3722 @end iftex | |
3723 @ifnottex | |
3724 @display | |
3725 (x-1/y-1 x/y-1 x+1/y-1 | |
3726 x-1/y x/y x+1/y | |
3727 x-1/y+1 x/y+1 x+1/y+1) | |
3728 @end display | |
3729 @end ifnottex | |
3730 | |
3731 The resulting pixel is computed from the color intensity of the color | |
3732 resulting from summing up the RGB values of surrounding pixels, | |
3733 multiplied by the specified factors, and dividing that sum by the sum | |
3734 of the factors' absolute values. | |
3735 | |
3736 Laplace edge-detection currently uses a matrix of | |
3737 @iftex | |
3738 @tex | |
3739 $$\pmatrix{1 & 0 & 0 \cr | |
3740 0& 0 & 0 \cr | |
3741 9 & 9 & -1 \cr}$$ | |
3742 @end tex | |
3743 @end iftex | |
3744 @ifnottex | |
3745 @display | |
3746 (1 0 0 | |
3747 0 0 0 | |
3748 9 9 -1) | |
3749 @end display | |
3750 @end ifnottex | |
3751 | |
3752 Emboss edge-detection uses a matrix of | |
3753 @iftex | |
3754 @tex | |
3755 $$\pmatrix{ 2 & -1 & 0 \cr | |
3756 -1 & 0 & 1 \cr | |
3757 0 & 1 & -2 \cr}$$ | |
3758 @end tex | |
3759 @end iftex | |
3760 @ifnottex | |
3761 @display | |
3762 ( 2 -1 0 | |
3763 -1 0 1 | |
3764 0 1 -2) | |
3765 @end display | |
3766 @end ifnottex | |
3767 | |
3768 @item disabled | |
3769 Specifies transforming the image so that it looks ``disabled''. | |
3770 @end table | |
3771 | |
3772 @item :mask @var{mask} | |
3773 If @var{mask} is @code{heuristic} or @code{(heuristic @var{bg})}, build | |
3774 a clipping mask for the image, so that the background of a frame is | |
3775 visible behind the image. If @var{bg} is not specified, or if @var{bg} | |
3776 is @code{t}, determine the background color of the image by looking at | |
3777 the four corners of the image, assuming the most frequently occurring | |
3778 color from the corners is the background color of the image. Otherwise, | |
3779 @var{bg} must be a list @code{(@var{red} @var{green} @var{blue})} | |
3780 specifying the color to assume for the background of the image. | |
3781 | |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3782 If @var{mask} is @code{nil}, remove a mask from the image, if it has |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
3783 one. Images in some formats include a mask which can be removed by |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3784 specifying @code{:mask nil}. |
57193
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parents:
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|
3785 |
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|
3786 @item :pointer @var{shape} |
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diff
changeset
|
3787 This specifies the pointer shape when the mouse pointer is over this |
57225 | 3788 image. @xref{Pointer Shape}, for available pointer shapes. |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
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|
3789 |
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|
3790 @item :map @var{map} |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3791 This associates an image map of @dfn{hot spots} with this image. |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
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changeset
|
3792 |
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diff
changeset
|
3793 An image map is an alist where each element has the format |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3794 @code{(@var{area} @var{id} @var{plist})}. An @var{area} is specified |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3795 as either a rectangle, a circle, or a polygon. |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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changeset
|
3796 |
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parents:
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changeset
|
3797 A rectangle is a cons |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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changeset
|
3798 @code{(rect . ((@var{x0} . @var{y0}) . (@var{x1} . @var{y1})))} |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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changeset
|
3799 which specifies the pixel coordinates of the upper left and bottom right |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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changeset
|
3800 corners of the rectangle area. |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3801 |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
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changeset
|
3802 A circle is a cons |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
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|
3803 @code{(circle . ((@var{x0} . @var{y0}) . @var{r}))} |
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parents:
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changeset
|
3804 which specifies the center and the radius of the circle; @var{r} may |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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changeset
|
3805 be a float or integer. |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3806 |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3807 A polygon is a cons |
57201
2950fcfcfa44
Correct various typos.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
57193
diff
changeset
|
3808 @code{(poly . [@var{x0} @var{y0} @var{x1} @var{y1} ...])} |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3809 where each pair in the vector describes one corner in the polygon. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3810 |
70843
4f398d726c7c
(Pointer Shape): Node deleted.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70604
diff
changeset
|
3811 When the mouse pointer lies on a hot-spot area of an image, the |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3812 @var{plist} of that hot-spot is consulted; if it contains a @code{help-echo} |
70843
4f398d726c7c
(Pointer Shape): Node deleted.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3813 property, that defines a tool-tip for the hot-spot, and if it contains |
4f398d726c7c
(Pointer Shape): Node deleted.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
70604
diff
changeset
|
3814 a @code{pointer} property, that defines the shape of the mouse cursor when |
4f398d726c7c
(Pointer Shape): Node deleted.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3815 it is on the hot-spot. |
57225 | 3816 @xref{Pointer Shape}, for available pointer shapes. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3817 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3818 When you click the mouse when the mouse pointer is over a hot-spot, an |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3819 event is composed by combining the @var{id} of the hot-spot with the |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3820 mouse event; for instance, @code{[area4 mouse-1]} if the hot-spot's |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3821 @var{id} is @code{area4}. |
25751
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|
3822 @end table |
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|
3823 |
33996 | 3824 @defun image-mask-p spec &optional frame |
3825 This function returns @code{t} if image @var{spec} has a mask bitmap. | |
3826 @var{frame} is the frame on which the image will be displayed. | |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
3827 @var{frame} @code{nil} or omitted means to use the selected frame |
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
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changeset
|
3828 (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
33996 | 3829 @end defun |
3830 | |
25751
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|
3831 @node XBM Images |
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|
3832 @subsection XBM Images |
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|
3833 @cindex XBM |
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3834 |
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3835 To use XBM format, specify @code{xbm} as the image type. This image |
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3836 format doesn't require an external library, so images of this type are |
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|
3837 always supported. |
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3838 |
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3839 Additional image properties supported for the @code{xbm} image type are: |
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3840 |
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|
3841 @table @code |
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3842 @item :foreground @var{foreground} |
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|
3843 The value, @var{foreground}, should be a string specifying the image |
37949
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
37170
diff
changeset
|
3844 foreground color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
37170
diff
changeset
|
3845 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 1. The default is the frame's |
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3846 foreground color. |
25751
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|
3847 |
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|
3848 @item :background @var{background} |
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|
3849 The value, @var{background}, should be a string specifying the image |
37949
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
37170
diff
changeset
|
3850 background color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
37170
diff
changeset
|
3851 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 0. The default is the frame's |
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3852 background color. |
25751
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|
3853 @end table |
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|
3854 |
27093
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|
3855 If you specify an XBM image using data within Emacs instead of an |
28792 | 3856 external file, use the following three properties: |
25751
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|
3857 |
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|
3858 @table @code |
28792 | 3859 @item :data @var{data} |
3860 The value, @var{data}, specifies the contents of the image. | |
3861 There are three formats you can use for @var{data}: | |
3862 | |
3863 @itemize @bullet | |
3864 @item | |
3865 A vector of strings or bool-vectors, each specifying one line of the | |
3866 image. Do specify @code{:height} and @code{:width}. | |
3867 | |
3868 @item | |
3869 A string containing the same byte sequence as an XBM file would contain. | |
3870 You must not specify @code{:height} and @code{:width} in this case, | |
3871 because omitting them is what indicates the data has the format of an | |
3872 XBM file. The file contents specify the height and width of the image. | |
3873 | |
3874 @item | |
3875 A string or a bool-vector containing the bits of the image (plus perhaps | |
3876 some extra bits at the end that will not be used). It should contain at | |
3877 least @var{width} * @code{height} bits. In this case, you must specify | |
3878 @code{:height} and @code{:width}, both to indicate that the string | |
3879 contains just the bits rather than a whole XBM file, and to specify the | |
3880 size of the image. | |
3881 @end itemize | |
3882 | |
25751
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3883 @item :width @var{width} |
28792 | 3884 The value, @var{width}, specifies the width of the image, in pixels. |
25751
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3885 |
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3886 @item :height @var{height} |
28792 | 3887 The value, @var{height}, specifies the height of the image, in pixels. |
25751
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|
3888 @end table |
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3889 |
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|
3890 @node XPM Images |
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|
3891 @subsection XPM Images |
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3892 @cindex XPM |
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3893 |
27093
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|
3894 To use XPM format, specify @code{xpm} as the image type. The |
4b1a67a46d8c
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3895 additional image property @code{:color-symbols} is also meaningful with |
4b1a67a46d8c
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|
3896 the @code{xpm} image type: |
25751
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|
3897 |
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|
3898 @table @code |
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3899 @item :color-symbols @var{symbols} |
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3900 The value, @var{symbols}, should be an alist whose elements have the |
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3901 form @code{(@var{name} . @var{color})}. In each element, @var{name} is |
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3902 the name of a color as it appears in the image file, and @var{color} |
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|
3903 specifies the actual color to use for displaying that name. |
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|
3904 @end table |
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3905 |
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3906 @node GIF Images |
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3907 @subsection GIF Images |
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3908 @cindex GIF |
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3909 |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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3910 For GIF images, specify image type @code{gif}. |
25751
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3911 |
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3912 @table @code |
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3913 @item :index @var{index} |
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3914 You can use @code{:index} to specify one image from a GIF file that |
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3915 contains more than one image. This property specifies use of image |
53422
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(Refresh Screen): Add force-window-update.
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3916 number @var{index} from the file. If the GIF file doesn't contain an |
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(Refresh Screen): Add force-window-update.
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3917 image with index @var{index}, the image displays as a hollow box. |
25751
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3918 @end table |
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3919 |
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3920 @ignore |
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3921 This could be used to implement limited support for animated GIFs. |
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3922 For example, the following function displays a multi-image GIF file |
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3923 at point-min in the current buffer, switching between sub-images |
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3924 every 0.1 seconds. |
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3925 |
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3926 (defun show-anim (file max) |
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3927 "Display multi-image GIF file FILE which contains MAX subimages." |
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3928 (display-anim (current-buffer) file 0 max t)) |
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3929 |
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3930 (defun display-anim (buffer file idx max first-time) |
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3931 (when (= idx max) |
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3932 (setq idx 0)) |
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3933 (let ((img (create-image file nil :image idx))) |
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3934 (save-excursion |
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3935 (set-buffer buffer) |
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3936 (goto-char (point-min)) |
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3937 (unless first-time (delete-char 1)) |
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3938 (insert-image img)) |
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3939 (run-with-timer 0.1 nil 'display-anim buffer file (1+ idx) max nil))) |
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3940 @end ignore |
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3941 |
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3942 @node Postscript Images |
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3943 @subsection Postscript Images |
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3944 @cindex Postscript images |
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3945 |
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3946 To use Postscript for an image, specify image type @code{postscript}. |
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3947 This works only if you have Ghostscript installed. You must always use |
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3948 these three properties: |
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3949 |
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3950 @table @code |
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3951 @item :pt-width @var{width} |
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3952 The value, @var{width}, specifies the width of the image measured in |
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3953 points (1/72 inch). @var{width} must be an integer. |
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3954 |
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3955 @item :pt-height @var{height} |
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3956 The value, @var{height}, specifies the height of the image in points |
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3957 (1/72 inch). @var{height} must be an integer. |
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3958 |
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3959 @item :bounding-box @var{box} |
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3960 The value, @var{box}, must be a list or vector of four integers, which |
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3961 specifying the bounding box of the Postscript image, analogous to the |
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3962 @samp{BoundingBox} comment found in Postscript files. |
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3963 |
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3964 @example |
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3965 %%BoundingBox: 22 171 567 738 |
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3966 @end example |
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3967 @end table |
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3968 |
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3969 Displaying Postscript images from Lisp data is not currently |
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3970 implemented, but it may be implemented by the time you read this. |
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3971 See the @file{etc/NEWS} file to make sure. |
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3972 |
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3973 @node Other Image Types |
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3974 @subsection Other Image Types |
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3975 @cindex PBM |
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3976 |
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3977 For PBM images, specify image type @code{pbm}. Color, gray-scale and |
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3978 monochromatic images are supported. For mono PBM images, two additional |
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3979 image properties are supported. |
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3980 |
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3981 @table @code |
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3982 @item :foreground @var{foreground} |
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3983 The value, @var{foreground}, should be a string specifying the image |
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3984 foreground color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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3985 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 1. The default is the frame's |
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3986 foreground color. |
32552
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3987 |
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3988 @item :background @var{background} |
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3989 The value, @var{background}, should be a string specifying the image |
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3990 background color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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3991 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 0. The default is the frame's |
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3992 background color. |
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3993 @end table |
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3994 |
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3995 For JPEG images, specify image type @code{jpeg}. |
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3996 |
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3997 For TIFF images, specify image type @code{tiff}. |
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3998 |
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3999 For PNG images, specify image type @code{png}. |
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4000 |
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4001 @node Defining Images |
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4002 @subsection Defining Images |
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4003 |
31373
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4004 The functions @code{create-image}, @code{defimage} and |
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4005 @code{find-image} provide convenient ways to create image descriptors. |
25751
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4006 |
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4007 @defun create-image file-or-data &optional type data-p &rest props |
25751
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4008 This function creates and returns an image descriptor which uses the |
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4009 data in @var{file-or-data}. @var{file-or-data} can be a file name or |
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4010 a string containing the image data; @var{data-p} should be @code{nil} |
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4011 for the former case, non-@code{nil} for the latter case. |
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4012 |
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4013 The optional argument @var{type} is a symbol specifying the image type. |
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4014 If @var{type} is omitted or @code{nil}, @code{create-image} tries to |
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4015 determine the image type from the file's first few bytes, or else |
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4016 from the file's name. |
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4017 |
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4018 The remaining arguments, @var{props}, specify additional image |
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4019 properties---for example, |
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4020 |
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4021 @example |
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4022 (create-image "foo.xpm" 'xpm nil :heuristic-mask t) |
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4023 @end example |
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4024 |
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4025 The function returns @code{nil} if images of this type are not |
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4026 supported. Otherwise it returns an image descriptor. |
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4027 @end defun |
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4028 |
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4029 @defmac defimage symbol specs &optional doc |
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4030 This macro defines @var{symbol} as an image name. The arguments |
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4031 @var{specs} is a list which specifies how to display the image. |
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4032 The third argument, @var{doc}, is an optional documentation string. |
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4033 |
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4034 Each argument in @var{specs} has the form of a property list, and each |
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4035 one should specify at least the @code{:type} property and either the |
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4036 @code{:file} or the @code{:data} property. The value of @code{:type} |
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4037 should be a symbol specifying the image type, the value of |
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4038 @code{:file} is the file to load the image from, and the value of |
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|
4039 @code{:data} is a string containing the actual image data. Here is an |
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|
4040 example: |
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4041 |
25875 | 4042 @example |
4043 (defimage test-image | |
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4044 ((:type xpm :file "~/test1.xpm") |
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|
4045 (:type xbm :file "~/test1.xbm"))) |
25875 | 4046 @end example |
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4047 |
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4048 @code{defimage} tests each argument, one by one, to see if it is |
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parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4049 usable---that is, if the type is supported and the file exists. The |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4050 first usable argument is used to make an image descriptor which is |
41058
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4051 stored in @var{symbol}. |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4052 |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
40469
diff
changeset
|
4053 If none of the alternatives will work, then @var{symbol} is defined |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4054 as @code{nil}. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4055 @end defmac |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4056 |
31373
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4057 @defun find-image specs |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4058 This function provides a convenient way to find an image satisfying one |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4059 of a list of image specifications @var{specs}. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4060 |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4061 Each specification in @var{specs} is a property list with contents |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4062 depending on image type. All specifications must at least contain the |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4063 properties @code{:type @var{type}} and either @w{@code{:file @var{file}}} |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4064 or @w{@code{:data @var{DATA}}}, where @var{type} is a symbol specifying |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4065 the image type, e.g.@: @code{xbm}, @var{file} is the file to load the |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4066 image from, and @var{data} is a string containing the actual image data. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4067 The first specification in the list whose @var{type} is supported, and |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4068 @var{file} exists, is used to construct the image specification to be |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4069 returned. If no specification is satisfied, @code{nil} is returned. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4070 |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4071 The image is looked for in @code{image-load-path}. |
31373
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4072 @end defun |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4073 |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4074 @defvar image-load-path |
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4075 This variable's value is a list of locations in which to search for |
65598
bae76b0c6f5e
Updated documentation for `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65560
diff
changeset
|
4076 image files. If an element is a string or a variable symbol whose |
bae76b0c6f5e
Updated documentation for `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65560
diff
changeset
|
4077 value is a string, the string is taken to be the name of a directory |
bae76b0c6f5e
Updated documentation for `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65560
diff
changeset
|
4078 to search. If an element is a variable symbol whose value is a list, |
bae76b0c6f5e
Updated documentation for `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65560
diff
changeset
|
4079 that is taken to be a list of directory names to search. |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4080 |
65560
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4081 The default is to search in the @file{images} subdirectory of the |
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4082 directory specified by @code{data-directory}, then the directory |
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4083 specified by @code{data-directory}, and finally in the directories in |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4084 @code{load-path}. Subdirectories are not automatically included in |
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4085 the search, so if you put an image file in a subdirectory, you have to |
65560
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4086 supply the subdirectory name explicitly. For example, to find the |
65598
bae76b0c6f5e
Updated documentation for `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65560
diff
changeset
|
4087 image @file{images/foo/bar.xpm} within @code{data-directory}, you |
65560
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4088 should specify the image as follows: |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4089 |
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4090 @example |
65560
9007bcbba781
(Defining Images): Clean up previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
65546
diff
changeset
|
4091 (defimage foo-image '((:type xpm :file "foo/bar.xpm"))) |
65546
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4092 @end example |
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4093 @end defvar |
6759056e7603
Document `image-load-path'.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
65369
diff
changeset
|
4094 |
69418
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4095 @defun image-load-path-for-library library image &optional path no-error |
69521
3a3fa8d383e2
(Defining Images): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69517
diff
changeset
|
4096 This function returns a suitable search path for images used by the |
3a3fa8d383e2
(Defining Images): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69517
diff
changeset
|
4097 Lisp package @var{library}. |
3a3fa8d383e2
(Defining Images): Minor cleanup.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69517
diff
changeset
|
4098 |
71638 | 4099 The function searches for @var{image} first in @code{image-load-path} |
4100 (excluding @file{@code{data-directory}/images}) and then in | |
4101 @code{load-path}, followed by a path suitable for @var{library}, which | |
4102 includes @file{../../etc/images} and @file{../etc/images} relative to | |
4103 the library file itself, and finally in | |
4104 @file{@code{data-directory}/images}. | |
69462
831f4f793f95
(Invisible Text): The impossible position is
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69421
diff
changeset
|
4105 |
69464
68172dbc9679
(Defining Images): Clean up last change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69462
diff
changeset
|
4106 Then this function returns a list of directories which contains first |
68172dbc9679
(Defining Images): Clean up last change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69462
diff
changeset
|
4107 the directory in which @var{image} was found, followed by the value of |
68172dbc9679
(Defining Images): Clean up last change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
69462
diff
changeset
|
4108 @code{load-path}. If @var{path} is given, it is used instead of |
69473
279f737753d8
(Defining Images): In image-load-path-for-library, always return list
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69464
diff
changeset
|
4109 @code{load-path}. |
279f737753d8
(Defining Images): In image-load-path-for-library, always return list
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69464
diff
changeset
|
4110 |
279f737753d8
(Defining Images): In image-load-path-for-library, always return list
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69464
diff
changeset
|
4111 If @var{no-error} is non-@code{nil} and a suitable path can't be |
279f737753d8
(Defining Images): In image-load-path-for-library, always return list
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69464
diff
changeset
|
4112 found, don't signal an error. Instead, return a list of directories as |
279f737753d8
(Defining Images): In image-load-path-for-library, always return list
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69464
diff
changeset
|
4113 before, except that @code{nil} appears in place of the image directory. |
69418
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4114 |
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4115 Here is an example that uses a common idiom to provide compatibility |
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4116 with versions of Emacs that lack the variable @code{image-load-path}: |
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4117 |
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4118 @example |
71638 | 4119 (defvar image-load-path) ; shush compiler |
4120 (let* ((load-path (image-load-path-for-library | |
4121 "mh-e" "mh-logo.xpm")) | |
69494
a996c2fa0b6a
(Defining Images): Fix example in image-load-path-for-library by not
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69473
diff
changeset
|
4122 (image-load-path (cons (car load-path) |
a996c2fa0b6a
(Defining Images): Fix example in image-load-path-for-library by not
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69473
diff
changeset
|
4123 (when (boundp 'image-load-path) |
a996c2fa0b6a
(Defining Images): Fix example in image-load-path-for-library by not
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69473
diff
changeset
|
4124 image-load-path)))) |
69418
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4125 (mh-tool-bar-folder-buttons-init)) |
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4126 @end example |
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4127 @end defun |
2f43ac9fe122
(Defining Images): Add image-load-path-for-library.
Bill Wohler <wohler@newt.com>
parents:
69067
diff
changeset
|
4128 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4129 @node Showing Images |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4130 @subsection Showing Images |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4131 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4132 You can use an image descriptor by setting up the @code{display} |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4133 property yourself, but it is easier to use the functions in this |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4134 section. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4135 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
4136 @defun insert-image image &optional string area slice |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4137 This function inserts @var{image} in the current buffer at point. The |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4138 value @var{image} should be an image descriptor; it could be a value |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4139 returned by @code{create-image}, or the value of a symbol defined with |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
4140 @code{defimage}. The argument @var{string} specifies the text to put |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
4141 in the buffer to hold the image. If it is omitted or @code{nil}, |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
4142 @code{insert-image} uses @code{" "} by default. |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4143 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4144 The argument @var{area} specifies whether to put the image in a margin. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4145 If it is @code{left-margin}, the image appears in the left margin; |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4146 @code{right-margin} specifies the right margin. If @var{area} is |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4147 @code{nil} or omitted, the image is displayed at point within the |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4148 buffer's text. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4149 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
4150 The argument @var{slice} specifies a slice of the image to insert. If |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
4151 @var{slice} is @code{nil} or omitted the whole image is inserted. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
4152 Otherwise, @var{slice} is a list @code{(@var{x} @var{y} @var{width} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
4153 @var{height})} which specifies the @var{x} and @var{y} positions and |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
4154 @var{width} and @var{height} of the image area to insert. Integer |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
4155 values are in units of pixels. A floating point number in the range |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
4156 0.0--1.0 stands for that fraction of the width or height of the entire |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
4157 image. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
4158 |
25875 | 4159 Internally, this function inserts @var{string} in the buffer, and gives |
4160 it a @code{display} property which specifies @var{image}. @xref{Display | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4161 Property}. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4162 @end defun |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
4163 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
4164 @defun insert-sliced-image image &optional string area rows cols |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
4165 This function inserts @var{image} in the current buffer at point, like |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
4166 @code{insert-image}, but splits the image into @var{rows}x@var{cols} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
4167 equally sized slices. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
4168 @end defun |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
4169 |
29471 | 4170 @defun put-image image pos &optional string area |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4171 This function puts image @var{image} in front of @var{pos} in the |
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parents:
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|
4172 current buffer. The argument @var{pos} should be an integer or a |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
4173 marker. It specifies the buffer position where the image should appear. |
29471 | 4174 The argument @var{string} specifies the text that should hold the image |
4175 as an alternative to the default. | |
25751
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|
4176 |
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|
4177 The argument @var{image} must be an image descriptor, perhaps returned |
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parents:
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|
4178 by @code{create-image} or stored by @code{defimage}. |
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|
4179 |
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parents:
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|
4180 The argument @var{area} specifies whether to put the image in a margin. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4181 If it is @code{left-margin}, the image appears in the left margin; |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4182 @code{right-margin} specifies the right margin. If @var{area} is |
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parents:
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|
4183 @code{nil} or omitted, the image is displayed at point within the |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4184 buffer's text. |
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parents:
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|
4185 |
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|
4186 Internally, this function creates an overlay, and gives it a |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4187 @code{before-string} property containing text that has a @code{display} |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4188 property whose value is the image. (Whew!) |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4189 @end defun |
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|
4190 |
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changeset
|
4191 @defun remove-images start end &optional buffer |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4192 This function removes images in @var{buffer} between positions |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
4193 @var{start} and @var{end}. If @var{buffer} is omitted or @code{nil}, |
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|
4194 images are removed from the current buffer. |
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|
4195 |
27331
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parents:
27193
diff
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|
4196 This removes only images that were put into @var{buffer} the way |
25751
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|
4197 @code{put-image} does it, not images that were inserted with |
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|
4198 @code{insert-image} or in other ways. |
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|
4199 @end defun |
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|
4200 |
31373
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4201 @defun image-size spec &optional pixels frame |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4202 This function returns the size of an image as a pair |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4203 @w{@code{(@var{width} . @var{height})}}. @var{spec} is an image |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
4204 specification. @var{pixels} non-@code{nil} means return sizes |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
4205 measured in pixels, otherwise return sizes measured in canonical |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
4206 character units (fractions of the width/height of the frame's default |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
4207 font). @var{frame} is the frame on which the image will be displayed. |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
4208 @var{frame} null or omitted means use the selected frame (@pxref{Input |
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
4209 Focus}). |
31373
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4210 @end defun |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4211 |
66197
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4212 @defvar max-image-size |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4213 This variable is used to define the maximum size of image that Emacs |
66209
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4214 will load. Emacs will refuse to load (and display) any image that is |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4215 larger than this limit. |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4216 |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4217 If the value is an integer, it directly specifies the maximum |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4218 image height and width, measured in pixels. If it is a floating |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4219 point number, it specifies the maximum image height and width |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4220 as a ratio to the frame height and width. If the value is |
97afbe22dea4
(Showing Images): Add max-image-size integer value.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
66197
diff
changeset
|
4221 non-numeric, there is no explicit limit on the size of images. |
66197
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4222 |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4223 The purpose of this variable is to prevent unreasonably large images |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4224 from accidentally being loaded into Emacs. It only takes effect the |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4225 first time an image is loaded. Once an image is placed in the image |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4226 cache, it can always be displayed, even if the value of |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4227 @var{max-image-size} is subsequently changed (@pxref{Image Cache}). |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4228 @end defvar |
53c764d16ccf
* display.texi (Showing Images): Document max-image-size.
Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
parents:
66143
diff
changeset
|
4229 |
25751
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|
4230 @node Image Cache |
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|
4231 @subsection Image Cache |
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|
4232 |
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|
4233 Emacs stores images in an image cache when it displays them, so it can |
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|
4234 display them again more efficiently. It removes an image from the cache |
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|
4235 when it hasn't been displayed for a specified period of time. |
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|
4236 |
28770 | 4237 When an image is looked up in the cache, its specification is compared |
4238 with cached image specifications using @code{equal}. This means that | |
4239 all images with equal specifications share the same image in the cache. | |
4240 | |
25751
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|
4241 @defvar image-cache-eviction-delay |
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changeset
|
4242 This variable specifies the number of seconds an image can remain in the |
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|
4243 cache without being displayed. When an image is not displayed for this |
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|
4244 length of time, Emacs removes it from the image cache. |
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|
4245 |
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changeset
|
4246 If the value is @code{nil}, Emacs does not remove images from the cache |
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|
4247 except when you explicitly clear it. This mode can be useful for |
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|
4248 debugging. |
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|
4249 @end defvar |
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|
4250 |
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|
4251 @defun clear-image-cache &optional frame |
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changeset
|
4252 This function clears the image cache. If @var{frame} is non-@code{nil}, |
467b88fab665
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|
4253 only the cache for that frame is cleared. Otherwise all frames' caches |
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|
4254 are cleared. |
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diff
changeset
|
4255 @end defun |
27447
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27374
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|
4256 |
53467
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4257 @node Buttons |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4258 @section Buttons |
53468
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53467
diff
changeset
|
4259 @cindex buttons |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4260 @cindex buttons in buffers |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4261 @cindex clickable buttons in buffers |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4262 |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4263 The @emph{button} package defines functions for inserting and |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4264 manipulating clickable (with the mouse, or via keyboard commands) |
53468
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53467
diff
changeset
|
4265 buttons in Emacs buffers, such as might be used for help hyper-links, |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53467
diff
changeset
|
4266 etc. Emacs uses buttons for the hyper-links in help text and the like. |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4267 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
4268 A button is essentially a set of properties attached (via text |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
4269 properties or overlays) to a region of text in an Emacs buffer. These |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
4270 properties are called @dfn{button properties}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
4271 |
71748 | 4272 One of these properties (@code{action}) is a function, which will |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4273 be called when the user invokes it using the keyboard or the mouse. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
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|
4274 The invoked function may then examine the button and use its other |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
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|
4275 properties as desired. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4276 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
4277 In some ways the Emacs button package duplicates functionality offered |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4278 by the widget package (@pxref{Top, , Introduction, widget, The Emacs |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
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53422
diff
changeset
|
4279 Widget Library}), but the button package has the advantage that it is |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4280 much faster, much smaller, and much simpler to use (for elisp |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4281 programmers---for users, the result is about the same). The extra |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4282 speed and space savings are useful mainly if you need to create many |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4283 buttons in a buffer (for instance an @code{*Apropos*} buffer uses |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4284 buttons to make entries clickable, and may contain many thousands of |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
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|
4285 entries). |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
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53422
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changeset
|
4286 |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4287 @menu |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
4288 * Button Properties:: Button properties with special meanings. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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53422
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4289 * Button Types:: Defining common properties for classes of buttons. |
55246 | 4290 * Making Buttons:: Adding buttons to Emacs buffers. |
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4291 * Manipulating Buttons:: Getting and setting properties of buttons. |
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4292 * Button Buffer Commands:: Buffer-wide commands and bindings for buttons. |
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4293 @end menu |
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4294 |
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4295 @node Button Properties |
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4296 @subsection Button Properties |
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4297 @cindex button properties |
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4298 |
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4299 Buttons have an associated list of properties defining their |
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4300 appearance and behavior, and other arbitrary properties may be used |
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4301 for application specific purposes. Some properties that have special |
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4302 meaning to the button package include: |
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4303 |
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4304 @table @code |
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4305 @item action |
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4306 @kindex action @r{(button property)} |
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4307 The function to call when the user invokes the button, which is passed |
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4308 the single argument @var{button}. By default this is @code{ignore}, |
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4309 which does nothing. |
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4310 |
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4311 @item mouse-action |
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4312 @kindex mouse-action @r{(button property)} |
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4313 This is similar to @code{action}, and when present, will be used |
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4314 instead of @code{action} for button invocations resulting from |
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4315 mouse-clicks (instead of the user hitting @key{RET}). If not |
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4316 present, mouse-clicks use @code{action} instead. |
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4317 |
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4318 @item face |
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4319 @kindex face @r{(button property)} |
55246 | 4320 This is an Emacs face controlling how buttons of this type are |
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4321 displayed; by default this is the @code{button} face. |
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4322 |
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4323 @item mouse-face |
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4324 @kindex mouse-face @r{(button property)} |
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4325 This is an additional face which controls appearance during |
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4326 mouse-overs (merged with the usual button face); by default this is |
55246 | 4327 the usual Emacs @code{highlight} face. |
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4328 |
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4329 @item keymap |
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4330 @kindex keymap @r{(button property)} |
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4331 The button's keymap, defining bindings active within the button |
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4332 region. By default this is the usual button region keymap, stored |
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4333 in the variable @code{button-map}, which defines @key{RET} and |
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4334 @key{mouse-2} to invoke the button. |
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4335 |
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4336 @item type |
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4337 @kindex type @r{(button property)} |
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4338 The button-type of the button. When creating a button, this is |
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4339 usually specified using the @code{:type} keyword argument. |
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4340 @xref{Button Types}. |
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4341 |
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4342 @item help-echo |
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4343 @kindex help-index @r{(button property)} |
55246 | 4344 A string displayed by the Emacs tool-tip help system; by default, |
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4345 @code{"mouse-2, RET: Push this button"}. |
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4346 |
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4347 @item follow-link |
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4348 @kindex follow-link @r{(button property)} |
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4349 The follow-link property, defining how a @key{Mouse-1} click behaves |
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4350 on this button, @xref{Links and Mouse-1}. |
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4351 |
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4352 @item button |
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4353 @kindex button @r{(button property)} |
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4354 All buttons have a non-@code{nil} @code{button} property, which may be useful |
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4355 in finding regions of text that comprise buttons (which is what the |
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4356 standard button functions do). |
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4357 @end table |
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4358 |
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4359 There are other properties defined for the regions of text in a |
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4360 button, but these are not generally interesting for typical uses. |
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4361 |
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4362 @node Button Types |
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4363 @subsection Button Types |
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4364 @cindex button types |
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4365 |
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4366 Every button has a button @emph{type}, which defines default values |
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4367 for the button's properties. Button types are arranged in a |
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4368 hierarchy, with specialized types inheriting from more general types, |
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4369 so that it's easy to define special-purpose types of buttons for |
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4370 specific tasks. |
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4371 |
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4372 @defun define-button-type name &rest properties |
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4373 Define a `button type' called @var{name}. The remaining arguments |
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4374 form a sequence of @var{property value} pairs, specifying default |
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4375 property values for buttons with this type (a button's type may be set |
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4376 by giving it a @code{type} property when creating the button, using |
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4377 the @code{:type} keyword argument). |
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4378 |
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4379 In addition, the keyword argument @code{:supertype} may be used to |
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4380 specify a button-type from which @var{name} inherits its default |
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4381 property values. Note that this inheritance happens only when |
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4382 @var{name} is defined; subsequent changes to a supertype are not |
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4383 reflected in its subtypes. |
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4384 @end defun |
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4385 |
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4386 Using @code{define-button-type} to define default properties for |
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4387 buttons is not necessary---buttons without any specified type use the |
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4388 built-in button-type @code{button}---but it is encouraged, since |
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4389 doing so usually makes the resulting code clearer and more efficient. |
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4390 |
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4391 @node Making Buttons |
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4392 @subsection Making Buttons |
53467
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4393 @cindex making buttons |
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4394 |
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4395 Buttons are associated with a region of text, using an overlay or |
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4396 text properties to hold button-specific information, all of which are |
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4397 initialized from the button's type (which defaults to the built-in |
55246 | 4398 button type @code{button}). Like all Emacs text, the appearance of |
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4399 the button is governed by the @code{face} property; by default (via |
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4400 the @code{face} property inherited from the @code{button} button-type) |
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4401 this is a simple underline, like a typical web-page link. |
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4402 |
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4403 For convenience, there are two sorts of button-creation functions, |
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4404 those that add button properties to an existing region of a buffer, |
68084 | 4405 called @code{make-...button}, and those that also insert the button |
4406 text, called @code{insert-...button}. | |
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4407 |
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4408 The button-creation functions all take the @code{&rest} argument |
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4409 @var{properties}, which should be a sequence of @var{property value} |
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4410 pairs, specifying properties to add to the button; see @ref{Button |
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4411 Properties}. In addition, the keyword argument @code{:type} may be |
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4412 used to specify a button-type from which to inherit other properties; |
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4413 see @ref{Button Types}. Any properties not explicitly specified |
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4414 during creation will be inherited from the button's type (if the type |
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4415 defines such a property). |
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4416 |
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4417 The following functions add a button using an overlay |
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4418 (@pxref{Overlays}) to hold the button properties: |
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4419 |
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4420 @defun make-button beg end &rest properties |
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4421 This makes a button from @var{beg} to @var{end} in the |
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4422 current buffer, and returns it. |
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4423 @end defun |
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4424 |
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4425 @defun insert-button label &rest properties |
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4426 This insert a button with the label @var{label} at point, |
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4427 and returns it. |
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4428 @end defun |
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4429 |
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4430 The following functions are similar, but use Emacs text properties |
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4431 (@pxref{Text Properties}) to hold the button properties, making the |
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4432 button actually part of the text instead of being a property of the |
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4433 buffer. Buttons using text properties do not create markers into the |
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4434 buffer, which is important for speed when you use extremely large |
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4435 numbers of buttons. Both functions return the position of the start |
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4436 of the new button: |
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4437 |
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4438 @defun make-text-button beg end &rest properties |
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4439 This makes a button from @var{beg} to @var{end} in the current buffer, using |
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4440 text properties. |
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4441 @end defun |
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4442 |
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4443 @defun insert-text-button label &rest properties |
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4444 This inserts a button with the label @var{label} at point, using text |
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4445 properties. |
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4446 @end defun |
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4447 |
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4448 @node Manipulating Buttons |
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4449 @subsection Manipulating Buttons |
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4450 @cindex manipulating buttons |
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4451 |
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4452 These are functions for getting and setting properties of buttons. |
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4453 Often these are used by a button's invocation function to determine |
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4454 what to do. |
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4455 |
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4456 Where a @var{button} parameter is specified, it means an object |
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4457 referring to a specific button, either an overlay (for overlay |
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4458 buttons), or a buffer-position or marker (for text property buttons). |
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4459 Such an object is passed as the first argument to a button's |
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4460 invocation function when it is invoked. |
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4461 |
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4462 @defun button-start button |
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4463 Return the position at which @var{button} starts. |
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4464 @end defun |
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4465 |
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4466 @defun button-end button |
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4467 Return the position at which @var{button} ends. |
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4468 @end defun |
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4469 |
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4470 @defun button-get button prop |
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4471 Get the property of button @var{button} named @var{prop}. |
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4472 @end defun |
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4473 |
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4474 @defun button-put button prop val |
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4475 Set @var{button}'s @var{prop} property to @var{val}. |
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4476 @end defun |
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4477 |
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4478 @defun button-activate button &optional use-mouse-action |
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4479 Call @var{button}'s @code{action} property (i.e., invoke it). If |
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4480 @var{use-mouse-action} is non-@code{nil}, try to invoke the button's |
53468
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4481 @code{mouse-action} property instead of @code{action}; if the button |
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4482 has no @code{mouse-action} property, use @code{action} as normal. |
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4483 @end defun |
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4484 |
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4485 @defun button-label button |
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4486 Return @var{button}'s text label. |
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4487 @end defun |
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4488 |
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4489 @defun button-type button |
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4490 Return @var{button}'s button-type. |
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4491 @end defun |
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4492 |
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4493 @defun button-has-type-p button type |
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4494 Return @code{t} if @var{button} has button-type @var{type}, or one of |
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|
4495 @var{type}'s subtypes. |
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4496 @end defun |
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4497 |
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|
4498 @defun button-at pos |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4499 Return the button at position @var{pos} in the current buffer, or @code{nil}. |
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4500 @end defun |
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4501 |
60503
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|
4502 @defun button-type-put type prop val |
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|
4503 Set the button-type @var{type}'s @var{prop} property to @var{val}. |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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4504 @end defun |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4505 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4506 @defun button-type-get type prop |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4507 Get the property of button-type @var{type} named @var{prop}. |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
4508 @end defun |
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|
4509 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4510 @defun button-type-subtype-p type supertype |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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4511 Return @code{t} if button-type @var{type} is a subtype of @var{supertype}. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4512 @end defun |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4513 |
53467
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|
4514 @node Button Buffer Commands |
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4515 @subsection Button Buffer Commands |
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4516 @cindex button buffer commands |
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4517 |
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4518 These are commands and functions for locating and operating on |
55246 | 4519 buttons in an Emacs buffer. |
53467
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4520 |
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4521 @code{push-button} is the command that a user uses to actually `push' |
59505
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(Button Properties, Button Buffer Commands):
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parents:
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|
4522 a button, and is bound by default in the button itself to @key{RET} |
53829
83980e864dd7
(Button Properties, Button Buffer Commands): mouse-2 invokes button,
John Paul Wallington <jpw@pobox.com>
parents:
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|
4523 and to @key{mouse-2} using a region-specific keymap. Commands |
53467
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4524 that are useful outside the buttons itself, such as |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4525 @code{forward-button} and @code{backward-button} are additionally |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4526 available in the keymap stored in @code{button-buffer-map}; a mode |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4527 which uses buttons may want to use @code{button-buffer-map} as a |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4528 parent keymap for its keymap. |
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|
4529 |
59505
19b4e3d63aed
(Button Properties, Button Buffer Commands):
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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|
4530 If the button has a non-@code{nil} @code{follow-link} property, and |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4531 @var{mouse-1-click-follows-link} is set, a quick @key{Mouse-1} click |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4532 will also activate the @code{push-button} command. |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4533 @xref{Links and Mouse-1}. |
59505
19b4e3d63aed
(Button Properties, Button Buffer Commands):
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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changeset
|
4534 |
53467
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|
4535 @deffn Command push-button &optional pos use-mouse-action |
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|
4536 Perform the action specified by a button at location @var{pos}. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4537 @var{pos} may be either a buffer position or a mouse-event. If |
53468
f641b341c5ec
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|
4538 @var{use-mouse-action} is non-@code{nil}, or @var{pos} is a |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4539 mouse-event (@pxref{Mouse Events}), try to invoke the button's |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4540 @code{mouse-action} property instead of @code{action}; if the button |
f641b341c5ec
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|
4541 has no @code{mouse-action} property, use @code{action} as normal. |
f641b341c5ec
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|
4542 @var{pos} defaults to point, except when @code{push-button} is invoked |
f641b341c5ec
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|
4543 interactively as the result of a mouse-event, in which case, the mouse |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4544 event's position is used. If there's no button at @var{pos}, do |
53467
a18219fcd84d
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|
4545 nothing and return @code{nil}, otherwise return @code{t}. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4546 @end deffn |
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|
4547 |
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|
4548 @deffn Command forward-button n &optional wrap display-message |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4549 Move to the @var{n}th next button, or @var{n}th previous button if |
a18219fcd84d
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4550 @var{n} is negative. If @var{n} is zero, move to the start of any |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4551 button at point. If @var{wrap} is non-@code{nil}, moving past either |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4552 end of the buffer continues from the other end. If |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4553 @var{display-message} is non-@code{nil}, the button's help-echo string |
53468
f641b341c5ec
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|
4554 is displayed. Any button with a non-@code{nil} @code{skip} property |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4555 is skipped over. Returns the button found. |
53467
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4556 @end deffn |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4557 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4558 @deffn Command backward-button n &optional wrap display-message |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4559 Move to the @var{n}th previous button, or @var{n}th next button if |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4560 @var{n} is negative. If @var{n} is zero, move to the start of any |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4561 button at point. If @var{wrap} is non-@code{nil}, moving past either |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4562 end of the buffer continues from the other end. If |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4563 @var{display-message} is non-@code{nil}, the button's help-echo string |
53468
f641b341c5ec
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|
4564 is displayed. Any button with a non-@code{nil} @code{skip} property |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4565 is skipped over. Returns the button found. |
53467
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|
4566 @end deffn |
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|
4567 |
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|
4568 @defun next-button pos &optional count-current |
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|
4569 Return the next button after position @var{pos} in the current buffer. |
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|
4570 If @var{count-current} is non-@code{nil}, count any button at |
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|
4571 @var{pos} in the search, instead of starting at the next button. |
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|
4572 @end defun |
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|
4573 |
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|
4574 @defun previous-button pos &optional count-current |
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|
4575 Return the @var{n}th button before position @var{pos} in the current |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4576 buffer. If @var{count-current} is non-@code{nil}, count any button at |
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|
4577 @var{pos} in the search, instead of starting at the next button. |
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|
4578 @end defun |
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|
4579 |
71009
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|
4580 @node Abstract Display |
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|
4581 @section Abstract Display |
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|
4582 @cindex ewoc |
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|
4583 @cindex display, abstract |
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|
4584 @cindex display, arbitrary objects |
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|
4585 @cindex model/view/controller |
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|
4586 @cindex view part, model/view/controller |
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|
4587 |
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|
4588 The Ewoc package constructs buffer text that represents a structure |
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4589 of Lisp objects, and updates the text to follow changes in that |
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4590 structure. This is like the ``view'' component in the |
71009
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4591 ``model/view/controller'' design paradigm. |
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4592 |
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4593 An @dfn{ewoc} is a structure that organizes information required to |
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4594 construct buffer text that represents certain Lisp data. The buffer |
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4595 text of the ewoc has three parts, in order: first, fixed @dfn{header} |
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4596 text; next, textual descriptions of a series of data elements (Lisp |
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4597 objects that you specify); and last, fixed @dfn{footer} text. |
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4598 Specifically, an ewoc contains information on: |
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4599 |
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4600 @itemize @bullet |
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4601 @item |
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4602 The buffer which its text is generated in. |
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4603 |
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4604 @item |
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4605 The text's start position in the buffer. |
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4606 |
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4607 @item |
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4608 The header and footer strings. |
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4609 |
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4610 @item |
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4611 A doubly-linked chain of @dfn{nodes}, each of which contains: |
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4612 |
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4613 @itemize |
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4614 @item |
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4615 A @dfn{data element}, a single Lisp object. |
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4616 |
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4617 @item |
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4618 Links to the preceding and following nodes in the chain. |
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4619 @end itemize |
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4620 |
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4621 @item |
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4622 A @dfn{pretty-printer} function which is responsible for |
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4623 inserting the textual representation of a data |
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4624 element value into the current buffer. |
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4625 @end itemize |
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4626 |
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4627 Typically, you define an ewoc with @code{ewoc-create}, and then pass |
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4628 the resulting ewoc structure to other functions in the Ewoc package to |
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4629 build nodes within it, and display it in the buffer. Once it is |
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4630 displayed in the buffer, other functions determine the correspondance |
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4631 between buffer positions and nodes, move point from one node's textual |
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4632 representation to another, and so forth. @xref{Abstract Display |
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4633 Functions}. |
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4634 |
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4635 A node @dfn{encapsulates} a data element much the way a variable |
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4636 holds a value. Normally, encapsulation occurs as a part of adding a |
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4637 node to the ewoc. You can retrieve the data element value and place a |
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4638 new value in its place, like so: |
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4639 |
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4640 @lisp |
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4641 (ewoc-data @var{node}) |
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4642 @result{} value |
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4643 |
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4644 (ewoc-set-data @var{node} @var{new-value}) |
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4645 @result{} @var{new-value} |
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4646 @end lisp |
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4647 |
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4648 @noindent |
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4649 You can also use, as the data element value, a Lisp object (list or |
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4650 vector) that is a container for the ``real'' value, or an index into |
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4651 some other structure. The example (@pxref{Abstract Display Example}) |
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4652 uses the latter approach. |
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4653 |
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4654 When the data changes, you will want to update the text in the |
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4655 buffer. You can update all nodes by calling @code{ewoc-refresh}, or |
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4656 just specific nodes using @code{ewoc-invalidate}, or all nodes |
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4657 satisfying a predicate using @code{ewoc-map}. Alternatively, you can |
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4658 delete invalid nodes using @code{ewoc-delete} or @code{ewoc-filter}, |
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4659 and add new nodes in their place. Deleting a node from an ewoc deletes |
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4660 its associated textual description from buffer, as well. |
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4661 |
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4662 @menu |
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4663 * Abstract Display Functions:: |
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4664 * Abstract Display Example:: |
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4665 @end menu |
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4666 |
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4667 @node Abstract Display Functions |
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4668 @subsection Abstract Display Functions |
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4669 |
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4670 In this subsection, @var{ewoc} and @var{node} stand for the |
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4671 structures described above (@pxref{Abstract Display}), while |
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4672 @var{data} stands for an arbitrary Lisp object used as a data element. |
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4673 |
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4674 @defun ewoc-create pretty-printer &optional header footer nosep |
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4675 This constructs and returns a new ewoc, with no nodes (and thus no data |
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4676 elements). @var{pretty-printer} should be a function that takes one |
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4677 argument, a data element of the sort you plan to use in this ewoc, and |
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4678 inserts its textual description at point using @code{insert} (and never |
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4679 @code{insert-before-markers}, because that would interfere with the |
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4680 Ewoc package's internal mechanisms). |
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4681 |
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4682 Normally, a newline is automatically inserted after the header, |
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4683 the footer and every node's textual description. If @var{nosep} |
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4684 is non-@code{nil}, no newline is inserted. This may be useful for |
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4685 displaying an entire ewoc on a single line, for example, or for |
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4686 making nodes ``invisible'' by arranging for @var{pretty-printer} |
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4687 to do nothing for those nodes. |
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4688 |
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4689 An ewoc maintains its text in the buffer that is current when |
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4690 you create it, so switch to the intended buffer before calling |
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4691 @code{ewoc-create}. |
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4692 @end defun |
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4693 |
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4694 @defun ewoc-buffer ewoc |
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4695 This returns the buffer where @var{ewoc} maintains its text. |
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4696 @end defun |
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4697 |
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4698 @defun ewoc-get-hf ewoc |
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4699 This returns a cons cell @code{(@var{header} . @var{footer})} |
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4700 made from @var{ewoc}'s header and footer. |
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4701 @end defun |
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4702 |
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4703 @defun ewoc-set-hf ewoc header footer |
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4704 This sets the header and footer of @var{ewoc} to the strings |
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4705 @var{header} and @var{footer}, respectively. |
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4706 @end defun |
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4707 |
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4708 @defun ewoc-enter-first ewoc data |
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4709 @defunx ewoc-enter-last ewoc data |
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4710 These add a new node encapsulating @var{data}, putting it, respectively, |
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4711 at the beginning or end of @var{ewoc}'s chain of nodes. |
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4712 @end defun |
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4713 |
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4714 @defun ewoc-enter-before ewoc node data |
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4715 @defunx ewoc-enter-after ewoc node data |
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4716 These add a new node encapsulating @var{data}, adding it to |
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4717 @var{ewoc} before or after @var{node}, respectively. |
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4718 @end defun |
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4719 |
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4720 @defun ewoc-prev ewoc node |
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4721 @defunx ewoc-next ewoc node |
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4722 These return, respectively, the previous node and the next node of @var{node} |
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4723 in @var{ewoc}. |
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4724 @end defun |
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4725 |
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4726 @defun ewoc-nth ewoc n |
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4727 This returns the node in @var{ewoc} found at zero-based index @var{n}. |
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4728 A negative @var{n} means count from the end. @code{ewoc-nth} returns |
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4729 @code{nil} if @var{n} is out of range. |
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4730 @end defun |
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4731 |
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4732 @defun ewoc-data node |
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4733 This extracts the data encapsulated by @var{node} and returns it. |
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4734 @end defun |
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4735 |
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4736 @defun ewoc-set-data node data |
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4737 This sets the data encapsulated by @var{node} to @var{data}. |
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4738 @end defun |
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4739 |
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4740 @defun ewoc-locate ewoc &optional pos guess |
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4741 This determines the node in @var{ewoc} which contains point (or |
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4742 @var{pos} if specified), and returns that node. If @var{ewoc} has no |
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4743 nodes, it returns @code{nil}. If @var{pos} is before the first node, |
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4744 it returns the first node; if @var{pos} is after the last node, it returns |
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4745 the last node. The optional third arg @var{guess} |
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4746 should be a node that is likely to be near @var{pos}; this doesn't |
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4747 alter the result, but makes the function run faster. |
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4748 @end defun |
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4749 |
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4750 @defun ewoc-location node |
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4751 This returns the start position of @var{node}. |
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4752 @end defun |
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4753 |
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4754 @defun ewoc-goto-prev ewoc arg |
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4755 @defunx ewoc-goto-next ewoc arg |
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4756 These move point to the previous or next, respectively, @var{arg}th node |
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4757 in @var{ewoc}. @code{ewoc-goto-prev} does not move if it is already at |
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4758 the first node or if @var{ewoc} is empty, whereas @code{ewoc-goto-next} |
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4759 moves past the last node, returning @code{nil}. Excepting this special |
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4760 case, these functions return the node moved to. |
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4761 @end defun |
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4762 |
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4763 @defun ewoc-goto-node ewoc node |
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4764 This moves point to the start of @var{node} in @var{ewoc}. |
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4765 @end defun |
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4766 |
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4767 @defun ewoc-refresh ewoc |
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4768 This function regenerates the text of @var{ewoc}. It works by |
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4769 deleting the text between the header and the footer, i.e., all the |
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4770 data elements' representations, and then calling the pretty-printer |
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4771 function for each node, one by one, in order. |
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4772 @end defun |
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4773 |
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4774 @defun ewoc-invalidate ewoc &rest nodes |
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4775 This is similar to @code{ewoc-refresh}, except that only @var{nodes} in |
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4776 @var{ewoc} are updated instead of the entire set. |
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4777 @end defun |
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4778 |
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4779 @defun ewoc-delete ewoc &rest nodes |
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4780 This deletes each node in @var{nodes} from @var{ewoc}. |
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4781 @end defun |
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4782 |
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4783 @defun ewoc-filter ewoc predicate &rest args |
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4784 This calls @var{predicate} for each data element in @var{ewoc} and |
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4785 deletes those nodes for which @var{predicate} returns @code{nil}. |
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4786 Any @var{args} are passed to @var{predicate}. |
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4787 @end defun |
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4788 |
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4789 @defun ewoc-collect ewoc predicate &rest args |
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4790 This calls @var{predicate} for each data element in @var{ewoc} |
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4791 and returns a list of those elements for which @var{predicate} |
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4792 returns non-@code{nil}. The elements in the list are ordered |
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4793 as in the buffer. Any @var{args} are passed to @var{predicate}. |
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4794 @end defun |
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4795 |
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4796 @defun ewoc-map map-function ewoc &rest args |
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4797 This calls @var{map-function} for each data element in @var{ewoc} and |
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4798 updates those nodes for which @var{map-function} returns non-@code{nil}. |
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4799 Any @var{args} are passed to @var{map-function}. |
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4800 @end defun |
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4801 |
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4802 @node Abstract Display Example |
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4803 @subsection Abstract Display Example |
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4804 |
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4805 Here is a simple example using functions of the ewoc package to |
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4806 implement a ``color components display'', an area in a buffer that |
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4807 represents a vector of three integers (itself representing a 24-bit RGB |
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4808 value) in various ways. |
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4809 |
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4810 @example |
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|
4811 (setq colorcomp-ewoc nil |
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|
4812 colorcomp-data nil |
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|
4813 colorcomp-mode-map nil |
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|
4814 colorcomp-labels ["Red" "Green" "Blue"]) |
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|
4815 |
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|
4816 (defun colorcomp-pp (data) |
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|
4817 (if data |
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|
4818 (let ((comp (aref colorcomp-data data))) |
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|
4819 (insert (aref colorcomp-labels data) "\t: #x" |
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|
4820 (format "%02X" comp) " " |
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|
4821 (make-string (ash comp -2) ?#) "\n")) |
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|
4822 (let ((cstr (format "#%02X%02X%02X" |
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|
4823 (aref colorcomp-data 0) |
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|
4824 (aref colorcomp-data 1) |
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|
4825 (aref colorcomp-data 2))) |
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diff
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|
4826 (samp " (sample text) ")) |
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|
4827 (insert "Color\t: " |
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diff
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|
4828 (propertize samp 'face `(foreground-color . ,cstr)) |
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|
4829 (propertize samp 'face `(background-color . ,cstr)) |
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|
4830 "\n")))) |
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diff
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|
4831 |
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|
4832 (defun colorcomp (color) |
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|
4833 "Allow fiddling with COLOR in a new buffer. |
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|
4834 The buffer is in Color Components mode." |
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|
4835 (interactive "sColor (name or #RGB or #RRGGBB): ") |
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|
4836 (when (string= "" color) |
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diff
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|
4837 (setq color "green")) |
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diff
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|
4838 (unless (color-values color) |
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diff
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|
4839 (error "No such color: %S" color)) |
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diff
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|
4840 (switch-to-buffer |
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diff
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|
4841 (generate-new-buffer (format "originally: %s" color))) |
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diff
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|
4842 (kill-all-local-variables) |
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diff
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|
4843 (setq major-mode 'colorcomp-mode |
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diff
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|
4844 mode-name "Color Components") |
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(Display): Add "Abstract Display" to menu.
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diff
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|
4845 (use-local-map colorcomp-mode-map) |
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diff
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|
4846 (erase-buffer) |
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parents:
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diff
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|
4847 (buffer-disable-undo) |
a2f2de00b286
(Display): Add "Abstract Display" to menu.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4848 (let ((data (apply 'vector (mapcar (lambda (n) (ash n -8)) |
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diff
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|
4849 (color-values color)))) |
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|
4850 (ewoc (ewoc-create 'colorcomp-pp |
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diff
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|
4851 "\nColor Components\n\n" |
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diff
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|
4852 (substitute-command-keys |
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diff
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|
4853 "\n\\@{colorcomp-mode-map@}")))) |
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diff
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|
4854 (set (make-local-variable 'colorcomp-data) data) |
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diff
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|
4855 (set (make-local-variable 'colorcomp-ewoc) ewoc) |
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diff
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|
4856 (ewoc-enter-last ewoc 0) |
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|
4857 (ewoc-enter-last ewoc 1) |
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|
4858 (ewoc-enter-last ewoc 2) |
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(Display): Add "Abstract Display" to menu.
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diff
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|
4859 (ewoc-enter-last ewoc nil))) |
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diff
changeset
|
4860 @end example |
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|
4861 |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
changeset
|
4862 @cindex controller part, model/view/controller |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4863 This example can be extended to be a ``color selection widget'' (in |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4864 other words, the controller part of the ``model/view/controller'' |
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diff
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|
4865 design paradigm) by defining commands to modify @code{colorcomp-data} |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4866 and to ``finish'' the selection process, and a keymap to tie it all |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
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|
4867 together conveniently. |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
changeset
|
4868 |
71638 | 4869 @smallexample |
71009
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|
4870 (defun colorcomp-mod (index limit delta) |
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diff
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|
4871 (let ((cur (aref colorcomp-data index))) |
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diff
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|
4872 (unless (= limit cur) |
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diff
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|
4873 (aset colorcomp-data index (+ cur delta))) |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
changeset
|
4874 (ewoc-invalidate |
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diff
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|
4875 colorcomp-ewoc |
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(Display): Add "Abstract Display" to menu.
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diff
changeset
|
4876 (ewoc-nth colorcomp-ewoc index) |
a2f2de00b286
(Display): Add "Abstract Display" to menu.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4877 (ewoc-nth colorcomp-ewoc -1)))) |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
changeset
|
4878 |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
changeset
|
4879 (defun colorcomp-R-more () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 0 255 1)) |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
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|
4880 (defun colorcomp-G-more () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 1 255 1)) |
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diff
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|
4881 (defun colorcomp-B-more () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 2 255 1)) |
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diff
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|
4882 (defun colorcomp-R-less () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 0 0 -1)) |
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diff
changeset
|
4883 (defun colorcomp-G-less () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 1 0 -1)) |
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diff
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|
4884 (defun colorcomp-B-less () (interactive) (colorcomp-mod 2 0 -1)) |
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diff
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|
4885 |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
changeset
|
4886 (defun colorcomp-copy-as-kill-and-exit () |
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diff
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|
4887 "Copy the color components into the kill ring and kill the buffer. |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
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|
4888 The string is formatted #RRGGBB (hash followed by six hex digits)." |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
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|
4889 (interactive) |
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diff
changeset
|
4890 (kill-new (format "#%02X%02X%02X" |
a2f2de00b286
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parents:
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diff
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|
4891 (aref colorcomp-data 0) |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
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|
4892 (aref colorcomp-data 1) |
a2f2de00b286
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|
4893 (aref colorcomp-data 2))) |
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diff
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|
4894 (kill-buffer nil)) |
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diff
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|
4895 |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
changeset
|
4896 (setq colorcomp-mode-map |
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diff
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|
4897 (let ((m (make-sparse-keymap))) |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
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|
4898 (suppress-keymap m) |
a2f2de00b286
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diff
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|
4899 (define-key m "i" 'colorcomp-R-less) |
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diff
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|
4900 (define-key m "o" 'colorcomp-R-more) |
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|
4901 (define-key m "k" 'colorcomp-G-less) |
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|
4902 (define-key m "l" 'colorcomp-G-more) |
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|
4903 (define-key m "," 'colorcomp-B-less) |
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|
4904 (define-key m "." 'colorcomp-B-more) |
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|
4905 (define-key m " " 'colorcomp-copy-as-kill-and-exit) |
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diff
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|
4906 m)) |
71638 | 4907 @end smallexample |
71009
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diff
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|
4908 |
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diff
changeset
|
4909 Note that we never modify the data in each node, which is fixed when the |
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|
4910 ewoc is created to be either @code{nil} or an index into the vector |
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|
4911 @code{colorcomp-data}, the actual color components. |
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diff
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|
4912 |
6598 | 4913 @node Blinking |
4914 @section Blinking Parentheses | |
4915 @cindex parenthesis matching | |
4916 @cindex blinking | |
4917 @cindex balancing parentheses | |
4918 @cindex close parenthesis | |
4919 | |
4920 This section describes the mechanism by which Emacs shows a matching | |
4921 open parenthesis when the user inserts a close parenthesis. | |
4922 | |
4923 @defvar blink-paren-function | |
4924 The value of this variable should be a function (of no arguments) to | |
4925 be called whenever a character with close parenthesis syntax is inserted. | |
4926 The value of @code{blink-paren-function} may be @code{nil}, in which | |
4927 case nothing is done. | |
4928 @end defvar | |
4929 | |
22252
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*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4930 @defopt blink-matching-paren |
6598 | 4931 If this variable is @code{nil}, then @code{blink-matching-open} does |
4932 nothing. | |
22252
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*** empty log message ***
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|
4933 @end defopt |
6598 | 4934 |
22252
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*** empty log message ***
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diff
changeset
|
4935 @defopt blink-matching-paren-distance |
6598 | 4936 This variable specifies the maximum distance to scan for a matching |
4937 parenthesis before giving up. | |
22252
40089afa2b1d
*** empty log message ***
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diff
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|
4938 @end defopt |
6598 | 4939 |
22252
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|
4940 @defopt blink-matching-delay |
12098 | 4941 This variable specifies the number of seconds for the cursor to remain |
4942 at the matching parenthesis. A fraction of a second often gives | |
4943 good results, but the default is 1, which works on all systems. | |
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4944 @end defopt |
12098 | 4945 |
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4946 @deffn Command blink-matching-open |
6598 | 4947 This function is the default value of @code{blink-paren-function}. It |
4948 assumes that point follows a character with close parenthesis syntax and | |
4949 moves the cursor momentarily to the matching opening character. If that | |
4950 character is not already on the screen, it displays the character's | |
4951 context in the echo area. To avoid long delays, this function does not | |
4952 search farther than @code{blink-matching-paren-distance} characters. | |
4953 | |
4954 Here is an example of calling this function explicitly. | |
4955 | |
4956 @smallexample | |
4957 @group | |
4958 (defun interactive-blink-matching-open () | |
4959 @c Do not break this line! -- rms. | |
4960 @c The first line of a doc string | |
4961 @c must stand alone. | |
4962 "Indicate momentarily the start of sexp before point." | |
4963 (interactive) | |
4964 @end group | |
4965 @group | |
4966 (let ((blink-matching-paren-distance | |
4967 (buffer-size)) | |
4968 (blink-matching-paren t)) | |
4969 (blink-matching-open))) | |
4970 @end group | |
4971 @end smallexample | |
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4972 @end deffn |
6598 | 4973 |
4974 @node Usual Display | |
4975 @section Usual Display Conventions | |
4976 | |
4977 The usual display conventions define how to display each character | |
4978 code. You can override these conventions by setting up a display table | |
4979 (@pxref{Display Tables}). Here are the usual display conventions: | |
4980 | |
4981 @itemize @bullet | |
4982 @item | |
4983 Character codes 32 through 126 map to glyph codes 32 through 126. | |
4984 Normally this means they display as themselves. | |
4985 | |
4986 @item | |
4987 Character code 9 is a horizontal tab. It displays as whitespace | |
4988 up to a position determined by @code{tab-width}. | |
4989 | |
4990 @item | |
4991 Character code 10 is a newline. | |
4992 | |
4993 @item | |
4994 All other codes in the range 0 through 31, and code 127, display in one | |
9009 | 4995 of two ways according to the value of @code{ctl-arrow}. If it is |
6598 | 4996 non-@code{nil}, these codes map to sequences of two glyphs, where the |
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4997 first glyph is the @acronym{ASCII} code for @samp{^}. (A display table can |
6598 | 4998 specify a glyph to use instead of @samp{^}.) Otherwise, these codes map |
4999 just like the codes in the range 128 to 255. | |
5000 | |
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5001 On MS-DOS terminals, Emacs arranges by default for the character code |
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5002 127 to be mapped to the glyph code 127, which normally displays as an |
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5003 empty polygon. This glyph is used to display non-@acronym{ASCII} characters |
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5004 that the MS-DOS terminal doesn't support. @xref{MS-DOS and MULE,,, |
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5005 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}. |
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5006 |
6598 | 5007 @item |
5008 Character codes 128 through 255 map to sequences of four glyphs, where | |
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5009 the first glyph is the @acronym{ASCII} code for @samp{\}, and the others are |
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5010 digit characters representing the character code in octal. (A display |
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5011 table can specify a glyph to use instead of @samp{\}.) |
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5012 |
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5013 @item |
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5014 Multibyte character codes above 256 are displayed as themselves, or as a |
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5015 question mark or empty box if the terminal cannot display that |
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5016 character. |
6598 | 5017 @end itemize |
5018 | |
5019 The usual display conventions apply even when there is a display | |
5020 table, for any character whose entry in the active display table is | |
5021 @code{nil}. Thus, when you set up a display table, you need only | |
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5022 specify the characters for which you want special behavior. |
6598 | 5023 |
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5024 These display rules apply to carriage return (character code 13), when |
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5025 it appears in the buffer. But that character may not appear in the |
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5026 buffer where you expect it, if it was eliminated as part of end-of-line |
25454 | 5027 conversion (@pxref{Coding System Basics}). |
24951
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5028 |
6598 | 5029 These variables affect the way certain characters are displayed on the |
5030 screen. Since they change the number of columns the characters occupy, | |
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5031 they also affect the indentation functions. These variables also affect |
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5032 how the mode line is displayed; if you want to force redisplay of the |
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5033 mode line using the new values, call the function |
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5034 @code{force-mode-line-update} (@pxref{Mode Line Format}). |
6598 | 5035 |
5036 @defopt ctl-arrow | |
5037 @cindex control characters in display | |
5038 This buffer-local variable controls how control characters are | |
5039 displayed. If it is non-@code{nil}, they are displayed as a caret | |
5040 followed by the character: @samp{^A}. If it is @code{nil}, they are | |
5041 displayed as a backslash followed by three octal digits: @samp{\001}. | |
5042 @end defopt | |
5043 | |
5044 @c Following may have overfull hbox. | |
5045 @defvar default-ctl-arrow | |
5046 The value of this variable is the default value for @code{ctl-arrow} in | |
5047 buffers that do not override it. @xref{Default Value}. | |
5048 @end defvar | |
5049 | |
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5050 @defopt tab-width |
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5051 The value of this buffer-local variable is the spacing between tab |
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5052 stops used for displaying tab characters in Emacs buffers. The value |
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5053 is in units of columns, and the default is 8. Note that this feature |
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5054 is completely independent of the user-settable tab stops used by the |
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5055 command @code{tab-to-tab-stop}. @xref{Indent Tabs}. |
58496
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5056 @end defopt |
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5057 |
6598 | 5058 @node Display Tables |
5059 @section Display Tables | |
5060 | |
5061 @cindex display table | |
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5062 You can use the @dfn{display table} feature to control how all possible |
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5063 character codes display on the screen. This is useful for displaying |
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5064 European languages that have letters not in the @acronym{ASCII} character |
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5065 set. |
6598 | 5066 |
5067 The display table maps each character code into a sequence of | |
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5068 @dfn{glyphs}, each glyph being a graphic that takes up one character |
6598 | 5069 position on the screen. You can also define how to display each glyph |
5070 on your terminal, using the @dfn{glyph table}. | |
5071 | |
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5072 Display tables affect how the mode line is displayed; if you want to |
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5073 force redisplay of the mode line using a new display table, call |
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5074 @code{force-mode-line-update} (@pxref{Mode Line Format}). |
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5075 |
6598 | 5076 @menu |
53467
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5077 * Display Table Format:: What a display table consists of. |
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5078 * Active Display Table:: How Emacs selects a display table to use. |
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5079 * Glyphs:: How to define a glyph, and what glyphs mean. |
6598 | 5080 @end menu |
5081 | |
5082 @node Display Table Format | |
5083 @subsection Display Table Format | |
5084 | |
22138
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5085 A display table is actually a char-table (@pxref{Char-Tables}) with |
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5086 @code{display-table} as its subtype. |
6598 | 5087 |
5088 @defun make-display-table | |
5089 This creates and returns a display table. The table initially has | |
5090 @code{nil} in all elements. | |
5091 @end defun | |
5092 | |
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5093 The ordinary elements of the display table are indexed by character |
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5094 codes; the element at index @var{c} says how to display the character |
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5095 code @var{c}. The value should be @code{nil} or a vector of glyph |
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5096 values (@pxref{Glyphs}). If an element is @code{nil}, it says to |
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5097 display that character according to the usual display conventions |
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5098 (@pxref{Usual Display}). |
12067 | 5099 |
5100 If you use the display table to change the display of newline | |
5101 characters, the whole buffer will be displayed as one long ``line.'' | |
6598 | 5102 |
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5103 The display table also has six ``extra slots'' which serve special |
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5104 purposes. Here is a table of their meanings; @code{nil} in any slot |
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5105 means to use the default for that slot, as stated below. |
6598 | 5106 |
5107 @table @asis | |
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5108 @item 0 |
6598 | 5109 The glyph for the end of a truncated screen line (the default for this |
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5110 is @samp{$}). @xref{Glyphs}. On graphical terminals, Emacs uses |
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5111 arrows in the fringes to indicate truncation, so the display table has |
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5112 no effect. |
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5113 |
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5114 @item 1 |
6598 | 5115 The glyph for the end of a continued line (the default is @samp{\}). |
60503
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5116 On graphical terminals, Emacs uses curved arrows in the fringes to |
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5117 indicate continuation, so the display table has no effect. |
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5118 |
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5119 @item 2 |
6598 | 5120 The glyph for indicating a character displayed as an octal character |
5121 code (the default is @samp{\}). | |
60503
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5122 |
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5123 @item 3 |
6598 | 5124 The glyph for indicating a control character (the default is @samp{^}). |
60503
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5125 |
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5126 @item 4 |
6598 | 5127 A vector of glyphs for indicating the presence of invisible lines (the |
5128 default is @samp{...}). @xref{Selective Display}. | |
60503
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5129 |
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5130 @item 5 |
8925 | 5131 The glyph used to draw the border between side-by-side windows (the |
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5132 default is @samp{|}). @xref{Splitting Windows}. This takes effect only |
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5133 when there are no scroll bars; if scroll bars are supported and in use, |
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5134 a scroll bar separates the two windows. |
6598 | 5135 @end table |
5136 | |
5137 For example, here is how to construct a display table that mimics the | |
5138 effect of setting @code{ctl-arrow} to a non-@code{nil} value: | |
5139 | |
5140 @example | |
5141 (setq disptab (make-display-table)) | |
5142 (let ((i 0)) | |
5143 (while (< i 32) | |
5144 (or (= i ?\t) (= i ?\n) | |
5145 (aset disptab i (vector ?^ (+ i 64)))) | |
5146 (setq i (1+ i))) | |
5147 (aset disptab 127 (vector ?^ ??))) | |
5148 @end example | |
5149 | |
22138
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5150 @defun display-table-slot display-table slot |
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5151 This function returns the value of the extra slot @var{slot} of |
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5152 @var{display-table}. The argument @var{slot} may be a number from 0 to |
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5153 5 inclusive, or a slot name (symbol). Valid symbols are |
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5154 @code{truncation}, @code{wrap}, @code{escape}, @code{control}, |
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5155 @code{selective-display}, and @code{vertical-border}. |
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5156 @end defun |
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5157 |
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5158 @defun set-display-table-slot display-table slot value |
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5159 This function stores @var{value} in the extra slot @var{slot} of |
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5160 @var{display-table}. The argument @var{slot} may be a number from 0 to |
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5161 5 inclusive, or a slot name (symbol). Valid symbols are |
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5162 @code{truncation}, @code{wrap}, @code{escape}, @code{control}, |
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5163 @code{selective-display}, and @code{vertical-border}. |
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5164 @end defun |
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5165 |
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5166 @defun describe-display-table display-table |
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5167 This function displays a description of the display table |
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5168 @var{display-table} in a help buffer. |
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5169 @end defun |
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5170 |
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5171 @deffn Command describe-current-display-table |
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5172 This command displays a description of the current display table in a |
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5173 help buffer. |
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5174 @end deffn |
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5175 |
6598 | 5176 @node Active Display Table |
5177 @subsection Active Display Table | |
5178 @cindex active display table | |
5179 | |
5180 Each window can specify a display table, and so can each buffer. When | |
5181 a buffer @var{b} is displayed in window @var{w}, display uses the | |
5182 display table for window @var{w} if it has one; otherwise, the display | |
5183 table for buffer @var{b} if it has one; otherwise, the standard display | |
5184 table if any. The display table chosen is called the @dfn{active} | |
5185 display table. | |
5186 | |
60503
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5187 @defun window-display-table &optional window |
6598 | 5188 This function returns @var{window}'s display table, or @code{nil} |
60503
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5189 if @var{window} does not have an assigned display table. The default |
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5190 for @var{window} is the selected window. |
6598 | 5191 @end defun |
5192 | |
5193 @defun set-window-display-table window table | |
5194 This function sets the display table of @var{window} to @var{table}. | |
5195 The argument @var{table} should be either a display table or | |
5196 @code{nil}. | |
5197 @end defun | |
5198 | |
5199 @defvar buffer-display-table | |
21682
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5200 This variable is automatically buffer-local in all buffers; its value in |
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5201 a particular buffer specifies the display table for that buffer. If it |
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5202 is @code{nil}, that means the buffer does not have an assigned display |
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5203 table. |
6598 | 5204 @end defvar |
5205 | |
5206 @defvar standard-display-table | |
5207 This variable's value is the default display table, used whenever a | |
5208 window has no display table and neither does the buffer displayed in | |
5209 that window. This variable is @code{nil} by default. | |
5210 @end defvar | |
5211 | |
5212 If there is no display table to use for a particular window---that is, | |
21007
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5213 if the window specifies none, its buffer specifies none, and |
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5214 @code{standard-display-table} is @code{nil}---then Emacs uses the usual |
6598 | 5215 display conventions for all character codes in that window. @xref{Usual |
5216 Display}. | |
5217 | |
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5218 A number of functions for changing the standard display table |
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5219 are defined in the library @file{disp-table}. |
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5220 |
6598 | 5221 @node Glyphs |
5222 @subsection Glyphs | |
5223 | |
5224 @cindex glyph | |
5225 A @dfn{glyph} is a generalization of a character; it stands for an | |
5226 image that takes up a single character position on the screen. Glyphs | |
47482
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5227 are represented in Lisp as integers, just as characters are. Normally |
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5228 Emacs finds glyphs in the display table (@pxref{Display Tables}). |
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5229 |
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5230 A glyph can be @dfn{simple} or it can be defined by the @dfn{glyph |
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5231 table}. A simple glyph is just a way of specifying a character and a |
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5232 face to output it in. The glyph code for a simple glyph, mod 524288, |
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5233 is the character to output, and the glyph code divided by 524288 |
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5234 specifies the face number (@pxref{Face Functions}) to use while |
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5235 outputting it. (524288 is |
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5236 @ifnottex |
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5237 2**19.) |
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5238 @end ifnottex |
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5239 @tex |
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|
5240 $2^{19}$.) |
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|
5241 @end tex |
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|
5242 @xref{Faces}. |
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5243 |
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5244 On character terminals, you can set up a @dfn{glyph table} to define |
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|
5245 the meaning of glyph codes. The glyph codes is the value of the |
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Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
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|
5246 variable @code{glyph-table}. |
6598 | 5247 |
5248 @defvar glyph-table | |
5249 The value of this variable is the current glyph table. It should be a | |
49600
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Trailing whitespace deleted.
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|
5250 vector; the @var{g}th element defines glyph code @var{g}. |
47482
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|
5251 |
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5252 If a glyph code is greater than or equal to the length of the glyph |
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5253 table, that code is automatically simple. If the value of |
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Correct the explanation of glyphs and glyph table.
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5254 @code{glyph-table} is @code{nil} instead of a vector, then all glyphs |
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|
5255 are simple. The glyph table is not used on graphical displays, only |
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|
5256 on character terminals. On graphical displays, all glyphs are simple. |
6598 | 5257 @end defvar |
5258 | |
5259 Here are the possible types of elements in the glyph table: | |
5260 | |
22252
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5261 @table @asis |
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5262 @item @var{string} |
6598 | 5263 Send the characters in @var{string} to the terminal to output |
5264 this glyph. This alternative is available on character terminals, | |
68708
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5265 but not on graphical displays. |
6598 | 5266 |
22252
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5267 @item @var{integer} |
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5268 Define this glyph code as an alias for glyph code @var{integer}. You |
47482
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5269 can use an alias to specify a face code for the glyph and use a small |
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|
5270 number as its code. |
6598 | 5271 |
5272 @item @code{nil} | |
47482
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5273 This glyph is simple. |
6598 | 5274 @end table |
5275 | |
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5276 @defun create-glyph string |
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5277 This function returns a newly-allocated glyph code which is set up to |
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5278 display by sending @var{string} to the terminal. |
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5279 @end defun |
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5280 |
6598 | 5281 @node Beeping |
5282 @section Beeping | |
5283 @cindex beeping | |
5284 @cindex bell | |
5285 | |
21007
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5286 This section describes how to make Emacs ring the bell (or blink the |
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5287 screen) to attract the user's attention. Be conservative about how |
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5288 often you do this; frequent bells can become irritating. Also be |
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5289 careful not to use just beeping when signaling an error is more |
59493
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(Beeping): Fix Texinfo usage.
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5290 appropriate. (@xref{Errors}.) |
6598 | 5291 |
22138
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5292 @defun ding &optional do-not-terminate |
6598 | 5293 @cindex keyboard macro termination |
5294 This function beeps, or flashes the screen (see @code{visible-bell} below). | |
5295 It also terminates any keyboard macro currently executing unless | |
22138
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5296 @var{do-not-terminate} is non-@code{nil}. |
6598 | 5297 @end defun |
5298 | |
22138
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5299 @defun beep &optional do-not-terminate |
6598 | 5300 This is a synonym for @code{ding}. |
5301 @end defun | |
5302 | |
22252
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5303 @defopt visible-bell |
6598 | 5304 This variable determines whether Emacs should flash the screen to |
5305 represent a bell. Non-@code{nil} means yes, @code{nil} means no. This | |
68708
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5306 is effective on graphical displays, and on text-only terminals |
21682
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5307 provided the terminal's Termcap entry defines the visible bell |
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5308 capability (@samp{vb}). |
22252
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5309 @end defopt |
6598 | 5310 |
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5311 @defvar ring-bell-function |
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5312 If this is non-@code{nil}, it specifies how Emacs should ``ring the |
25875 | 5313 bell.'' Its value should be a function of no arguments. If this is |
5314 non-@code{nil}, it takes precedence over the @code{visible-bell} | |
5315 variable. | |
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5316 @end defvar |
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5317 |
6598 | 5318 @node Window Systems |
5319 @section Window Systems | |
5320 | |
5321 Emacs works with several window systems, most notably the X Window | |
5322 System. Both Emacs and X use the term ``window'', but use it | |
5323 differently. An Emacs frame is a single window as far as X is | |
5324 concerned; the individual Emacs windows are not known to X at all. | |
5325 | |
5326 @defvar window-system | |
22252
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5327 This variable tells Lisp programs what window system Emacs is running |
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5328 under. The possible values are |
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5329 |
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5330 @table @code |
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5331 @item x |
6598 | 5332 @cindex X Window System |
22252
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5333 Emacs is displaying using X. |
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5334 @item pc |
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5335 Emacs is displaying using MS-DOS. |
22252
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5336 @item w32 |
27332
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|
5337 Emacs is displaying using Windows. |
25751
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|
5338 @item mac |
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5339 Emacs is displaying using a Macintosh. |
22252
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5340 @item nil |
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5341 Emacs is using a character-based terminal. |
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5342 @end table |
6598 | 5343 @end defvar |
5344 | |
5345 @defvar window-setup-hook | |
21007
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5346 This variable is a normal hook which Emacs runs after handling the |
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5347 initialization files. Emacs runs this hook after it has completed |
25875 | 5348 loading your init file, the default initialization file (if |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
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5349 any), and the terminal-specific Lisp code, and running the hook |
6598 | 5350 @code{term-setup-hook}. |
5351 | |
5352 This hook is used for internal purposes: setting up communication with | |
5353 the window system, and creating the initial window. Users should not | |
5354 interfere with it. | |
5355 @end defvar | |
52401 | 5356 |
5357 @ignore | |
5358 arch-tag: ffdf5714-7ecf-415b-9023-fbc6b409c2c6 | |
5359 @end ignore |