annotate etc/FAQ @ 10194:d59e8878ccca

(Buffer-menu-buffer): Clear text properties in STRING.
author Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
date Tue, 20 Dec 1994 23:05:23 +0000
parents 24e6be28b6ea
children b097ca448b38
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1 GNU Emacs FAQ: Introduction
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3 [To find what has changed, see the "Changes" posting.]
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
5 [The FAQ post date slipped big-time this time. Now that school is over
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
6 with and I can get on with the rest of my life, posting should become a
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
7 lot more regular. - sbyrnes]
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
8
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
9 This is the introduction to a list of frequently asked questions (FAQ) about
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
10 GNU Emacs with answers. This article contains a listing of the questions;
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
11 subsequent articles contain the questions and answers.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
12
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
13 The FAQ list is posted to reduce the noise level in the `gnu.emacs.help'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
14 newsgroup (which is also the `help-gnu-emacs' mailing list) which results from
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
15 the repetition of frequently asked questions, wrong answers to these questions,
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
16 corrections to the wrong answers, corrections to the corrections, debate, name
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
17 calling, etc. Also, it serves as a repository of the canonical "best" answers
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
18 to these questions. However, if you know a better answer or even a slight
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
19 change that improves an answer, please tell us!
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
20
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
21 If you know the answer of a question is in the FAQ list, please reply to the
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
22 question by e-mail instead of posting. Help reduce noise!
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
23
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
24 The FAQ list is crossposted to `comp.emacs' because some sites do not receive
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
25 the `gnu.*' newsgroups. The FAQ list is also crossposted to `news.answers'.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
26
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
27 Please suggest new questions, answers, wording changes, deletions, etc. The
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
28 most helpful form for suggestions is a context diff (ie., the output of `diff
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
29 -c'). Include `FAQ' in the subject of messages sent to us about the FAQ list.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
30
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
31 Please do not send questions to us just because you do not want to disturb a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
32 lot of people and you think we would know the answer. We do not have time to
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
33 answer questions individually. :-(
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
34
8958
24e6be28b6ea *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 3591
diff changeset
35 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also
24e6be28b6ea *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 3591
diff changeset
36 see the `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers'
24e6be28b6ea *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 3591
diff changeset
37 newsgroup, or send e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on
24e6be28b6ea *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 3591
diff changeset
38 a body line, or use FTP, WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu. [Note: in
24e6be28b6ea *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 3591
diff changeset
39 Sep 1994, this seems no longer to be true--rms.]
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
40
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
41 These ideas have already been suggested, but we have not had time to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
42 implement them:
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
43
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
44 * A Texinfo version.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
45 * Marking questions in the table of contents that have been changed
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
46 recently.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
47
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
48 --
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
49 Steven Byrnes <sbyrnes@rice.edu> (and Joe Wells <jbw@cs.bu.edu>)
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
50
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
51 E-mail lpf@uunet.uu.net for details about the League for Programming Freedom.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
52
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
53 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
54
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
55 GNU Emacs FAQ: Table of Contents
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
56
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
57 Notation Used in FAQ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
58
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
59 1: What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
60 2: What does "M-x command" mean?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
61 3: How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
62 4: What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
63 5: What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
64
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
65 General Questions
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
66
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
67 6: What is the LPF and why should I join it?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
68 7: What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
69 8: What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
70 comp.emacs, etc.?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
71 9: Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
72 10: Where should I report bugs and other problems with GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
73 11: How do I unsubscribe to this mailing list?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
74 12: What is the current address of the FSF?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
75
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
76 On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
77
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
78 13: I'm just starting GNU Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
79 14: How do I find out how to do something in GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
80 15: How do I get a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
81 16: Where can I get documentation on GNU Emacs Lisp?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
82 17: How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
83 18: How do I print a Texinfo file?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
84 19: Can I view Info files without using GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
85 20: What informational files are available for GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
86 21: Where can I get help in installing GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
87 22: Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
88
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
89 Status of Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
90
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
91 23: Where does the name "Emacs" come from?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
92 24: What is the latest version of GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
93 25: When will GNU Emacs 19 be available?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
94 26: What is different about GNU Emacs 19?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
95 27: What variants of GNU Emacs exist?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
96
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
97 Common Things People Want To Do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
98
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
99 28: How do I set up a .emacs file properly?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
100 29: How do I debug a .emacs file?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
101 30: How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
102 31: How do I turn on Abbrevs by default just in mode XXX?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
103 32: How do I turn on Auto-Fill mode by default?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
104 33: How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
105 34: How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
106 characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
107 35: How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
108 36: How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
109 37: How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
110 38: Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
111 39: How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
112 40: How do I change load-path?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
113 41: How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
114 42: How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
115 43: How do I indent switch statements like this?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
116 44: How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
117 45: How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
118 46: How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
119 47: How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
120 48: How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
121 indentation of the previous line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
122 49: How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
123 50: In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
124 commands are handled by the compiler?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
125 51: Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
126 52: What are the valid X resource settings (ie., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
127 53: How do I execute a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
128 54: How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
129 55: How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
130 56: How do I insert `_^H' before each character in a paragraph to get an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
131 underlined paragraph?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
132 57: How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
133 58: How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
134 should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
135 59: How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
136 60: How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
137 61: How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
138 62: Where is the documentation for `etags'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
139
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
140 Bugs/Problems
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
141
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
142 63: Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
143 64: Why can't Emacs find files in current directory on startup?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
144 65: How do I get rid of the ^M junk in my Shell buffer?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
145 66: Why do I get `Process shell exited abnormally with code 1'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
146 67: Why can't I cut from Emacs and paste in other X programs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
147 68: Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type `emacs'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
148 69: Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying `I-search:' and beeping?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
149 70: Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
150 71: Why does Emacs say `Error in init file'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
151 72: Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
152 73: Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
153 74: How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
154 75: Why does Shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
155 76: Why doesn't my change to load-path work?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
156 77: Why does the cursor always go to the wrong column when I move up or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
157 down one line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
158 78: Why does Emacs hang with message `Unknown XMenu error' with X11R4?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
159 79: Why doesn't display-time show the load average in the mode line
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
160 anymore?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
161 80: Why does ispell sometimes ignore the local dictionary?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
162 81: Why does Ispell treat each line as a single word?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
163 82: Are there any security risks in GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
164
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
165 Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
166
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
167 83: What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
168 84: How do I stop Emacs from failing when the executable is stripped?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
169 85: Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
170 86: Why does Emacs 18.55 say `Fatal error (6).Abort' under SunOS 4.1?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
171
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
172 Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
173
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
174 87: Where can I get GNU Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
175 88: How do I find a GNU Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
176 89: Where can I get GNU Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
177 90: How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
178 91: Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
179 92: Where can I get an Emacs with better mouse and X window support?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
180 93: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and Epoch?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
181 94: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and Lucid GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
182 95: Where can I get the "unofficial HP GNU Emacs"?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
183 96: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
184 97: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running Windows?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
185 98: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
186 99: Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
187 100: Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
188 101: Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
189 102: Where can I get Emacs with NeWS support?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
190 103: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
191 104: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne Shell, Csh, C++,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
192 Objective C, Pascal, Awk?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
193 105: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
194
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
195 Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
196
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
197 106: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
198 107: Supercite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
199 108: GNUS -- news reader within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
200 109: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
201 110: Calendar/Diary -- calendar manager within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
202 111: Ange-FTP -- transparent FTP access for Emacs's file access routines
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
203 112: VIP -- vi emulation for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
204 113: Dired -- better directory editor for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
205 114: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
206 115: Hyperbole -- extensible hypertext management system within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
207 116: Byte Compiler -- enhanced version of Emacs's byte compiler
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
208 117: comint -- hugely enhanced shell mode and other derived modes
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
209 118: BBDB -- personal info rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
210 119: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
211 120: Epoch -- enhanced GNU Emacs with better X interface
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
212 121: Lucid GNU Emacs -- alternative Emacs 19 with better X interface
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
213 122: Demacs -- GNU Emacs altered to run on MS-DOS on 386/486 machines
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
214 123: Freemacs -- a small Emacs for MS-DOS
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
215 124: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
216
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
217 Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
218
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
219 125: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
220 126: Why does Emacs say `Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
221 127: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
222 .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
223 128: How do I use function keys under X Windows?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
224 129: How do I tell what characters my function or arrow keys emit?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
225 130: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
226 131: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
227 132: How do I use commands bound to C-s and C-q (or any key) if these keys
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
228 are filtered out?
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
229 133: Why does the `BackSpace' key invoke help?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
230 134: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
231 135: Why don't the arrow keys work?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
232 136: How do I "swap" two keys?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
233 137: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
234 138: What if I don't have a Meta key?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
235 139: What if I don't have an Escape key?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
236 140: How do I type DEL on PC terminal emulators?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
237 141: Can I make my `Compose Character' key behave like a Meta key?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
238 142: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
239 143: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
240 144: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
241 145: Where can I get key bindings to make Emacs emulate WordStar?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
242 146: Where can I get an XEDIT emulator for Emacs?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
243
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
244 Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
245
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
246 147: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
247 148: How do I input 8-bit characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
248 149: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle kanji characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
249 150: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle Chinese?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
250 151: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
251
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
252 Mail and News
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
253
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
254 152: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
255 153: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
256 154: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
257 155: Why does RMAIL think all my saved messages are one big message?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
258 156: How can I sort the messages in my RMAIL folder?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
259 157: Why does RMAIL need to write to /usr/spool/mail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
260 158: How do I recover my mail files after RMAIL munges their format?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
261 159: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
262 160: How do I read news under Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
263 161: Why does `rnews' say "No News is good news" when there is news?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
264 162: Why doesn't GNUS work anymore via NNTP?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
265 163: How do I view text with embedded underlining (eg., ClariNews)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
266 164: When I try to post a long article in GNUS (about 10K or longer), I get
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
267 the error, "Writing to process: no more processes, nntpd"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
268 165: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
269 166: Why does GNUS put the subjects in replies beyond the 80th column?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
270 167: Why is GNUS so slow to start up?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
271 168: How do I catch up all newsgroups in GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
272 169: Why can't I kill in GNUS on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
273 170: How do I get rid of flashing messages in GNUS for slow connections?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
274 171: Why is catch up slow in Gnews/GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
275 172: Why does GNUS hang for a long time when posting?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
276 173: Why don't my news postings in GNUS get past the local machine?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
277 174: Why is the GNUS-generated `Date:' header invalid?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
278 175: Why doesn't GNUS generate the `Lines:' header?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
279 176: Why do I get "Cannot open load file" "nntp" when compiling GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
280 177: How do I kill all articles in GNUS but those matching a pattern?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
281
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
282
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
283 GNU Emacs FAQ: Notation/General/Help/Status
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
284
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
285 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x $" to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
286 get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look at the text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
287 of the answers, just type "C-x $".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
288
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
289 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a C-r if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
290 that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
291
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
292 A `+' in the 78th column means something was inserted on the line. A `-' means
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
293 something was deleted and a `!' means some combination of insertions and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
294 deletions occurred.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
295
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
296 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also see the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
297 `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers' newsgroup, or send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
298 e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on a body line, or use FTP,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
299 WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
300
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
301
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
302
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
303 Notation Used in FAQ
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
304
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
305 Skip this section and then come back if you don't understand some of the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
306 later answers.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
307
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
308 1: What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
309
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
310 C-x means press the `x' key while holding down the Control key. M-x means
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
311 press the `x' key while holding down the Meta key. M-C-x means press the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
312 `x' key while holding down both the Control key and the Meta key. C-M-a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
313 is a synonym for M-C-a. RET, LFD, DEL, ESC, and TAB respectively refer to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
314 pressing the Return, Linefeed (aka Newline), Delete, Escape, and Tab keys
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
315 and are equivalent to C-m, C-j, C-?, C-[, and C-i. SPC means press the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
316 Space bar.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
317
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
318 I put any key sequence that is longer than one key (and some single-key
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
319 sequences) inside double quotes or on a line by itself. Any real spaces
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
320 in such a key sequence should be ignored; only SPC really means press the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
321 space key.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
322
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
323 The ASCII code sent by C-x (except for C-?) is the value that would be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
324 sent by pressing just `x' minus 96 (or 64 for uppercase `X') and will be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
325 from 0 to 31. The ASCII code sent by M-x is the sum of 128 and the ASCII
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
326 code that would be sent by pressing just the `x' key. Essentially, the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
327 Control key turns off bits 5 and 6 and the Meta key turns on bit 7.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
328
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
329 For further information, see `Characters' and `Keys' in the online manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
330
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
331 NOTE: C-? (aka DEL) is ASCII code 127. It is a misnomer to call C-? a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
332 "control" key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON. Also, on very
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
333 few keyboards does Control-? generate ASCII code 127.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
334
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
335 2: What does "M-x command" mean?
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
336
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
337 "M-x command" means type M-x, then type the name of the command, then
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
338 type RET.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
339
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
340 M-x (by default) invokes the command `execute-extended-command'. This
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
341 command allows you to run any Emacs command if you can remember the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
342 command's name. If you can't remember the command's name, you can type
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
343 TAB and SPC for completion, and "?" for a list of possibilities. An Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
344 "command" is any "interactive" Emacs function.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
345
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
346 NOTE: Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
347 invoke execute-extended-command. A function key labeled `Do' is a good
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
348 candidate for this.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
349
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
350 To run non-interactive Emacs functions, see question 53.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
351
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
352 3: How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
353
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
354 When I refer you to topic XXX in the on-line manual, you can read this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
355 manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by typing this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
356
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
357 C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
358
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
359 This invokes the Info facility. If you don't already know how to use
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
360 Info, type "?" from within Info.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
361
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
362 If I refer you to topic XXX:YYY, you need to type this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
363
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
364 C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET m YYY RET
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
365
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
366 WARNING: Your system administrator may not have installed the Info files,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
367 or may have installed them properly. In this case you should complain.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
368
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
369 4: What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
370
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
371 These are files that come with GNU Emacs. The GNU Emacs distribution is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
372 divided into subdirectories; the important ones are `etc', `lisp', and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
373 `src'.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
374
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
375 If you use GNU Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system,
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
376 start Emacs, then type "C-h v exec-directory RET". The directory name
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
377 displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed `etc'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
378 directory.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
379
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
380 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail, see
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
381 question 20. All are available in the source distribution.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
382
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
383 5: What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
384
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
385 FSF == Free Software Foundation
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
386 LPF == League for Programming Freedom
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
387 OSF == Open Software Foundation
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
388 GNU == GNU's Not Unix
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
389 RMS == Richard Matthew Stallman
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
390 FTP == File Transfer Protocol
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
391 GPL == GNU General Public Licence
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
392
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
393 NOTE: Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
394 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make high
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
395 quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a commercial
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
396 organization which wants to provide an alternative, standardized version
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
397 of Unix not controlled by AT&T.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
398
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
399 NOTE: The word "free" in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
400 to "freedom", not "zero dollars". Anyone can charge any price for
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
401 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the freedom
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
402 enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always get the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
403 software for less money from someone else, because everyone has the right
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
404 to resell or give away GPL-covered software.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
405
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
406
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
407
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
408 General Questions
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
409
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
410 6: What is the LPF and why should I join it?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
411
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
412 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and look-and-feel
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
413 copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact the LPF via
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
414 e-mail or otherwise. {You may also contact me, jbw@cs.bu.edu; I will be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
415 happy to talk with you about the LPF.} Here is the contact information:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
416
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
417 E-mail address: league@prep.ai.mit.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
418 Phone number: (617) 243-4091
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
419 Postal address:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
420 League for Programming Freedom
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
421 1 Kendall Square, Number 143
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
422 Post Office Box 9171
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
423 Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
424
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
425 Papers describing the LPF's views are available on the internet and also
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
426 from the LPF:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
427
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
428 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
429 /prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/lpf/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
430 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/lpf/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
431 Anonymous UUCP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
432 osu-cis!~/lpf/*
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
433
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
434 7: What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
435
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
436 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public Licence (copyleft) is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
437 however it is interpreted by a judge. There has never been a copyright
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
438 infringement case involving the GPL to set any precedents. Please take any
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
439 discussion regarding this issue to the newsgroup gnu.misc.discuss, which
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
440 was created to hold the extensive flame wars on the subject.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
441
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
442 RMS writes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
443
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
444 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the spirit,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
445 which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work pertaining
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
446 to Emacs should also be free software. "Free" means that all users have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
447 the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. To make sure
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
448 everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you distribute
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
449 any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the recipients the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
450 same freedom that you enjoyed.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
451
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
452 8: What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
453 comp.emacs, etc.?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
454
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
455 The file etc/MAILINGLISTS discusses the purpose of each GNU mailing-list.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
456 (See question 20 on how to get a copy.) For those which are gatewayed
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
457 with newsgroups, it lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
458 address.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
459
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
460 comp.emacs is for discussion of Emacs programs in general. This
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
461 includes GNU Emacs along with various other implementations like JOVE,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
462 MicroEmacs, Freemacs, MG, Unipress, CCA, Epsilon, etc.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
463
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
464 Many people post GNU Emacs questions to comp.emacs because they don't
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
465 receive any of the gnu.* newsgroups. Arguments have been made both for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
466 and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to comp.emacs. You have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
467 to decide for yourself.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
468
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
469 Messages advocating "non-free" software are considered unacceptable on any
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
470 of the gnu.* newsgroups except for gnu.misc.discuss, which was created to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
471 hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject. "non-free" software
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
472 includes any software for which the end user can't freely modify the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
473 source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to remove the gnu.*
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
474 groups from the `Newsgroups:' line when posting a followup that recommends
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
475 such software.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
476
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
477 gnu.emacs.bug is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid posting bug
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
478 reports to this newsgroup, instead see question 10.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
479
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
480 9: Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
481
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
482 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
483 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
484 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve individual
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
485 postings from, but pretty much everything is there.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
486
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
487 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
488 /prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/MailingListArchives/
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
489
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
490 There is a WAIS database named `comp.emacs' on wais.oit.unc.edu that
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
491 makes available the last few days of articles in comp.emacs.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
492
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
493 10: Where should I report bugs and other problems with GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
494
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
495 The correct way to report GNU Emacs bugs is by e-mail to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
496 bug-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. Anything sent here also appears in the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
497 newsgroup gnu.emacs.bug, but please use e-mail instead of news to submit
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
498 the bug report. This way a reliable return address is available so you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
499 can be contacted for further details.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
500
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
501 RMS explains:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
502
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
503 Sending bug reports to help-gnu-emacs (which has the effect of posting
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
504 on gnu.emacs.help) is undesirable because it takes the time of an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
505 unnecessarily large group of people, most of whom are just users and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
506 have no idea how to fix these problem. bug-gnu-emacs reaches a much
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
507 smaller group of people who are more likely to know what to do and have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
508 expressed a wish to receive more messages about Emacs than the others.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
509
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
510 However, RMS says there are circumstances when it is okay to post to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
511 gnu.emacs.help:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
512
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
513 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix, then
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
514 after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
515 gnu.emacs.help asking if anyone can help you.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
516
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
517 If you are unsure whether you have a bug, RMS describes how to tell:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
518
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
519 ... if Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
520 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
521 a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it does,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
522 that is a bug.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
523
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
524 11: How do I unsubscribe to this mailing list?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
525
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
526 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named `XXX', you might be able
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
527 to unsubscribe to it by sending a request to the address
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
528 `XXX-request@prep.ai.mit.edu'. However, this will not work if you are
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
529 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
530 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
531 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the `Received:' headers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
532 on the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the `EXPN' or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
533 `VRFY' sendmail commands through `telnet <site-address> smtp'. Ask your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
534 postmaster for help.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
535
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
536 12: What is the current address of the FSF?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
537
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
538 E-mail address: gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
539 Phone number: (617) 876-3296
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
540 Postal address:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
541 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
542 675 Massachusetts Avenue
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
543 Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
544
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
545
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
546
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
547 On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
548
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
549 13: I'm just starting GNU Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
550
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
551 Type "C-h t" to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Typing just C-h is
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
552 how to enter the help system.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
553
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
554 WARNING: Your system administrator may have changed C-h to act like DEL to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
555 deal local keyboards. You can use M-x help-for-help instead to invoke
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
556 help. To discover what key (if any) invokes help on your system, type
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
557 "M-x where-is RET help-for-help RET". This will print a comma-separated
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
558 list of key sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last character in each
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
559 key sequence listed. Each of the resulting key sequences invokes help.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
560
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
561 NOTE: Emacs's help facility works best if help is invoked by a single key
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
562 whose value should be stored in the variable help-char. Andrew
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
563 Arensburger <arensb@kong.gsfc.nasa.gov> wrote a patch that allows the help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
564 facility to work properly when invoked by multiple character sequences.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
565
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
566 14: How do I find out how to do something in GNU Emacs?
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
567
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
568 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
569
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
570 * The complete text of the Emacs manual is available online via the Info
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
571 hypertext reader. Type "C-h i" to invoke Info.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
572
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
573 * You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. See question 15.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
574
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
575 * You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to invoke
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
576 them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5), or you can
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
577 print your own from the etc/refcard.tex file in the Emacs distribution.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
578 {Are PostScript versions of this available for FTP?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
579
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
580 * You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
581 (actually which match a regular expression) using "C-h a"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
582 (M-x command-apropos).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
583
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
584 * You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
585 certain word using M-x apropos.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
586
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
587 * There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and information.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
588 To get a list of these commands, type "C-h C-h C-h".
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
589
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
590 NOTE: You may find that command-apropos and apropos are extremely slow
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
591 on your system. This will be fixed in Emacs 19. If you can't wait that
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
592 long, there is a fast-apropos.el file available in the Emacs Lisp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
593 Archive (see question 89) that contains the fix.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
594
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
595 15: How do I get a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual?
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
596
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
597 You can order a printed copy of the GNU Emacs manual from the FSF for
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
598 $20. For 6 or more manuals the price is $13 each. The price may be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
599 tax-deductible as a business expense.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
600
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
601 The full TeX source for the manual also comes in the `man' directory of
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
602 the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to print out this
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
603 300 page manual yourself (see question 18).
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
604
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
605 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have TeX, you
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
606 can get a PostScript version via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
607
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
608 /cs.ubc.ca:pub/archive/gnu/manuals_ps/emacs-18.57.ps.Z !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
609
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
610 which site requests that you please CONFINE ANY MAJOR FTPING TO LATE
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
611 EVENINGS OR EARLY MORNINGS OUR TIME (pacific time zone, GMT-8)). A DVI
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
612 version is also available via FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
613
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
614 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/emacs-manual-6.0.dvi.Z
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
615
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
616 If you don't have TeX you can convert the Texinfo sources into
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
617 {t,n,ps}roff format with the `texi2roff' program, which is available via
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
618 anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
619
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
620 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/texi2roff/texi2roff.shar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
621
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
622 See also question 14 for how to view the manual online.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
623
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
624 16: Where can I get documentation on GNU Emacs Lisp?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
625
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
626 Within Emacs, you can type "C-h f" to get the documentation for a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
627 function, "C-h v" for a variable.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
628
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
629 For more information, obtain the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
630 18 under Unix. It is available from the FSF for $50 (or 5 for $200). The
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
631 latest revision available for FTP is edition 1.03 dated 28 January 1991.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
632
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
633 For online use, a set of pregenerated Info files is available with the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
634 Texinfo source for the Emacs Lisp manual via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
635
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
636 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
637 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/elisp-manual-1.03.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
638
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
639 (You can also create the Info files from the Texinfo source.) See
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
640 question 17 for details on how to install these files online.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
641
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
642 If you are daring enough to try to print this 550 page manual out
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
643 yourself, for instructions see question 18.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
644
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
645 Also, as a popular USENET saying goes, "Use the Force, Read the Source".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
646
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
647 17: How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
648
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
649 First create Info files from the Texinfo files with the `makeinfo'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
650 program. makeinfo is available as part of the latest Texinfo package:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
651
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
652 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/texinfo-2.14.tar.Z
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
653
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
654 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
655 comes with Emacs. This manual also comes installed in Info format, so you
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
656 can read it online.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
657
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
658 Neither texinfo-format-buffer nor the makeinfo program install the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
659 resulting Info files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
660
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
661 1. Move the files to the `info' directory in the installed Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
662 distribution. See question 4 if you don't know where that
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
663 is.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
664
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
665 2. Edit the file info/dir in the installed Emacs distribution, and add a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
666 line for the top level node in the Info package that you are
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
667 installing. Follow the examples are already in this file. The format
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
668 is:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
669
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
670 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
671
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
672 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
673 privileges, you have several options:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
674
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
675 * Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. You
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
676 can feed a file name to the Info-goto-node command (invoked by pressing
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
677 "g" in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in parentheses. This
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
678 goes to the node named `Top' in that file. For example, to view a Info
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
679 file named `XXX' in your home directory, you can type this:
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
680
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
681 C-h i g (~/XXX) RET
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
682
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
683 * You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where the
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
684 Info directory is by setting the value of the variable Info-directory
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
685 to its pathname. For example, to use a private Info directory which
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
686 is a subdirectory of your home directory named `Info', you could do
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
687 this:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
688
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
689 (setq Info-directory (expand-file-name "~/Info"))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
690
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
691 You will need a top-level Info file named `dir' in this directory.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
692 You can include the system-wide Info directory in your private Info
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
693 directory with symbolic links or by copying it.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
694
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
695 * You can use an enhanced version of lisp/info.el that handles multiple
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
696 Info directories. Then you can more easily use a mix of private and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
697 shared Info files. Dave Gillespie <daveg@synaptics.com,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
698 daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu> has written one such enhancement and I
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
699 believe there are others. Dave's info.el also handles compressed Info
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
700 files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
701
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
702 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
703 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:modes/info.el.Z
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
704 /ftp.uu.net:languages/emacs-lisp/modes/info.el.Z !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
705
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
706 According to Jay Bourland <jayb@math.stanford.edu>, a version of Dave's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
707 info.el comes with `xinfo' (see question 19).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
708
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
709 18: How do I print a Texinfo file?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
710
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
711 NOTE: You can't get nice printed output from Info files; you must still
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
712 have the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
713
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
714 1. Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
715
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
716 \input texinfo
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
717
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
718 You may need to alter `texinfo' to the full pathname of the
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
719 texinfo.tex file, which comes with Emacs as man/texinfo.tex (or copy
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
720 or link it into the current directory).
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
721
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
722 2. tex XXX.texinfo
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
723
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
724 3. texindex XXX.??
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
725
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
726 The `texindex' program comes with Emacs as man/texindex.c.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
727
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
728 4. tex XXX.texinfo
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
729
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
730 5. Print the DVI file XXX.dvi in the normal way for printing DVI files
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
731 at your site.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
732
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
733 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
734 mentioned in question 17.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
735
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
736 19: Can I view Info files without using GNU Emacs?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
737
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
738 Yes, the `info', `xinfo', and `ivinfo' programs do this. info uses
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
739 curses, xinfo uses standard X11 libraries, and ivinfo uses InterViews.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
740 You can get info as part of the latest Texinfo package (see question
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
741 17). xinfo is available separately:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
742
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
743 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
744 /export.lcs.mit.edu:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
745
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
746 ivinfo is available in a comp.sources.misc archive or from Tom Horsley
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
747 <tom@ssd.csd.harris.com>. For ivinfo, you need Stanford's InterViews C++
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
748 X library, available via anonymous FTP (interviews.stanford.edu).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
749
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
750 20: What informational files are available for GNU Emacs?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
751
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
752 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
753 informational files about GNU Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
754 project are available for you to read.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
755
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
756 The following files are available in the `etc' directory of the GNU
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
757 Emacs distribution, and also the latest versions are available
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
758 individually via anonymous FTP (prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/):
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
759
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
760 APPLE -- Why the FSF doen't support GNU Emacs on Apple computers
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
761 DISTRIB -- GNU Emacs Availability Information,
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
762 including the popular "Free Software Foundation Order Form"
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
763 FTP -- How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
764 GNU -- The GNU Manifesto
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
765 INTERVIEW -- Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
766 UNIX-compatible software system
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
767 with BYTE editors
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
768 MACHINES -- Status of GNU Emacs on Various Machines and Systems
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
769 MAILINGLISTS -- GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
770 SERVICE -- GNU Service Directory
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
771 SUN-SUPPORT -- including "Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
772
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
773 These files are available in the `etc' directory of the GNU Emacs
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
774 distribution:
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
775
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
776 DIFF -- Differences between GNU Emacs and Twenex Emacs
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
777 CCADIFF -- Differences between GNU Emacs and CCA Emacs
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
778 GOSDIFF -- Differences between GNU Emacs and Gosling (Unipress??) Emacs
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
779 COPYING -- GNU Emacs General Public License
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
780 NEWS -- GNU Emacs News, a history of user-visible changes
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
781 LPF -- Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
782 FAQ -- GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions (You're reading it)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
783 OPTIONS -- a complete explanation of startup option handling
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
784
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
785 These files are available via anonymous FTP (prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/):
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
786
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
787 tasks -- GNU Task List
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
788 standards.text -- GNU Coding Standards
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
789
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
790 In addition, all of the above files are available directly from the FSF
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
791 via e-mail. Of course, please try to get them from a local source
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
792 first.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
793
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
794 These additional files are available from the FSF via e-mail:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
795
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
796 * GNU's Bulletin, June, 1991 -- this file includes:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
797 GNU'S Who
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
798 What Is the Free Software Foundation?
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
799 What Is Copyleft?
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
800 A Small Way to Help Free Software
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
801 GNUs Flashes (important recent developments for project GNU)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
802 Free Software Support (and how to get it!)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
803 Copyrighted Programming Languages
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
804 AT&T Threatens Users of X Windows (and other software patent threats)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
805 Project Gutenberg
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
806 GNU Project Status Report
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
807 GNU in Japan
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
808 GNU Wish List
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
809 Help Keep Government Software Free
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
810 GNU Software Available Now
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
811 Contents of the Emacs Tape
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
812 Contents of the Compiler Tape
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
813 Contents of the X11 Tapes
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
814 VMS Emacs and Compiler Tapes
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
815 GNU Documentation
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
816 How to Get GNU Software
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
817 Free Software for Microcomputers
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
818 GNU Software on Apple computers
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
819 GNU Software on the Amiga
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
820 GNU Software on the Atari
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
821 GNUish MS-DOS project
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
822 Freemacs, an Extensible Editor for MS-DOS
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
823 GNU in Japan
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
824 FSF Order Form
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
825 Thank GNUs
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
826 * Legal issues about contributing code to GNU
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
827 * GNU Project Status Report
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
828
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
829 A collection of past GNU's Bulletins is available via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
830
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
831 /ftp.funet.fi:pub/gnu/Bulletins/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
832
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
833 21: Where can I get help in installing GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
834
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
835 Look in etc/SERVICE for names of companies and individuals who will sell
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
836 you this type of service. An up-to-date version of the SERVICE file is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
837 available on prep.ai.mit.edu (also see question 20).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
838
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
839 22: Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
840
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
841 The GNU Emacs FAQ is available in several ways:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
842
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
843 * Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
844 news spool, in both the gnu.emacs.help and comp.emacs newsgroups. Every
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
845 news reader of which I know will allow you to read any news article that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
846 is still in the news spool, even if you have read the article before.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
847 You may need to read the instructions for your news reader to discover
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
848 how to do this. In `rn', this command will do this for you at the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
849 article selection level:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
850
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
851 ?GNU Emacs FAQ?rc:m
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
852
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
853 In GNUS, you should type "C-u G" from the *Subject* buffer or "C-u SPC"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
854 from the *Newsgroup* buffer to view all articles in a newsgroup.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
855
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
856 The FAQ articles' message IDs are:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
857
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
858 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-0.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
859 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-1.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
860 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-2.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
861 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-3.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
862 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-4.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
863 <GNU-Emacs-FAQ-5.1993.05.04.025218@rice.edu> !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
864
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
865 If you are viewing this in the GNUS *Article* buffer, you can move point
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
866 within one of the above message IDs and type "r" to fetch the referenced
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
867 article. Type "o" in the *Article* buffer to restore the previous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
868 contents. If this text is not in the GNUS *Article* buffer, use M-r
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
869 from the *Subject* buffer instead.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
870
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
871 If the FAQ articles have expired and been deleted from your news spool,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
872 it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
873 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire before
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
874 July 3, 1993. !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
875
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
876 * Via anonymous FTP. You can fetch the FAQ articles via anonymous FTP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
877
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
878 /rtfm.mit.edu:pub/usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/ part*
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
879
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
880 * Via e-mail. You can send the following magical incantation in the body
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
881 of a message to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
882
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
883 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part0
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
884 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
885 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
886 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
887 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
888 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
889
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
890 * Via WAIS. The GNU Emacs FAQ is available via WAIS indexed on a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
891 per-question basis from the `faq' database on bigbird.bu.edu on the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
892 non-standard IP port number of 2210. This is probably the best way to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
893 find out if there is something in the FAQ related to your question. I
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
894 use this myself to answer questions I see posted on gnu.emacs.help.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
895
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
896 The articles of the GNU Emacs FAQ are also available from the `usenet'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
897 database on rtfm.mit.edu (on the standard IP port: 210), along with a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
898 lot of other FAQ articles. However, these are all indexed at the whole
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
899 article level instead of at the question level. This is a better place
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
900 to look if you want to fetch the entire FAQ.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
901
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
902 * In the GNU Emacs distribution. Since GNU Emacs 18.56, the latest
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
903 available version of the FAQ at the time of release has been part of the
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
904 GNU Emacs distribution as file etc/FAQ. 18.59 is the latest version,
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
905 and it was released in October 1992.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
906
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
907 * There is an old version of the FAQ list available for FTP in the GNU
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
908 archives at MIT:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
909
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
910 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/GNUinfo/FAQ.emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
911
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
912 * As the very last resort, you can e-mail a request to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
913 gnu-emacs-faq-maintainers@bigbird.bu.edu. Don't do this unless you have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
914 made a serious effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the methods
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
915 listed above.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
916
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
917
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
918
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
919 Status of Emacs
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
920
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
921 23: Where does the name "Emacs" come from?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
922
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
923 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he "picked
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
924 the name `Emacs' because `E' was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
925 the time.". The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
926 RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector (originally Tape Editor
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
927 and COrrector)) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended TECO with
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
928 a "real-time" full screen mode with active keys. Emacs was started by Guy
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
929 Steele <gls@think.com> as a project to unify the many divergent TECO
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
930 command sets and keybindings at MIT.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
931
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
932 Many people have told me that TECO code looks a lot like line noise. See
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
933 alt.lang.teco if you are interested. I think someone has written a TECO
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
934 implementation in Emacs Lisp. It would be an interesting project to run
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
935 the original TECO Emacs inside of GNU Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
936
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
937 24: What is the latest version of GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
938
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
939 GNU Emacs 18.59 is the current version. Fixes from 18.57 include better
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
940 mail address parsing, an X visual bell speedup, a call-process
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
941 enhancement, a regexp matching change, the ability to apply a numeric
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
942 argument to a self-inserting digit, getting X resource values from the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
943 RESOURCE_MANAGER property, more reliable shell mode job control, and a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
944 change to copy-keymap. Also, support has been added for many new system
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
945 types. Fixes from 18.55 include the removal of arbitrary limits on the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
946 undo facility.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
947
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
948 According to the January 1992 GNU's Bulletin, "Emacs 18 maintenance
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
949 continues for simple bug fixes.".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
950
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
951 To visit a file with information about what has changed in recent
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
952 versions, type "C-h n".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
953
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
954 25: When will GNU Emacs 19 be available?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
955
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
956 Richard Stallman recently (February 19, 1993) posted in gnu.emacs.help !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
957 the following: !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
958 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
959 People should keep in mind that the successor of Emacs 18 does not !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
960 come from Lucid. Its is GNU Emacs 19. I still can't say exactly when !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
961 public release is going to be, but we are about to start testing at a !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
962 number of sites. !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
963 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
964 GNU Emacs 19 will support a broad spectrum of machines, like Emacs !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
965 18. Ensuring this is the purpose of the testing we are about to do. !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
966 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
967 (Please don't volunteer; we have enough pretesters, and if more people !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
968 offer, dealing with those messages will slow things down.) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
969 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
970 Once we make sure it is indeed working reliably on various different !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
971 systems, we will have a public beta test release. !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
972 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
973 Emacs 19 does support adding properties to ranges of text, and using !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
974 these to switch fonts. In the future, the Epoch people will help !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
975 merge support for variable-width fonts. !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
976 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
977 Meanwhile, I have almost finished updating the Emacs Lisp manual. Its !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
978 next edition will describe Emacs 19. There will be an announcement !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
979 when we know when this edition will be available. !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
980
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
981 Lucid has released Lucid GNU Emacs 19.6, which is based on an early !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
982 unreleased version of GNU Emacs 19. This will be similar to Emacs 19 when
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
983 it finally arrives, but they are not the same. See question 121.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
984
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
985 Work has begun on features for Emacs 20.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
986
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
987 26: What is different about GNU Emacs 19?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
988
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
989 From the January 1992 GNU's Bulletin:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
990
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
991 Version 19 will enter beta test late this year. Among its new features
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
992 are: before and after change hooks, source-level debugging of Emacs Lisp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
993 programs, X selection processing (including clipboard selections),
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
994 scrollbars, support for European character sets, floating point numbers,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
995 per-buffer mouse commands, X resource manager interfacing,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
996 mouse-tracking, Lisp-level binding of function keys, multiple X windows
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
997 (`screens' to Emacs), a new input system, and buffer allocation, which
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
998 uses a new mechanism capable of returning storage to the system when a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
999 buffer is killed.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1000
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1001 The input stream is now a sequence of Lisp objects, instead of a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1002 sequence of characters. This allows a reasonable representation for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1003 mouse clicks, function keys, menu selections, etc.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1004
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1005 Thanks go to Alan Carroll and the people who worked on Epoch for
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1006 generating initial feedback to a multi-windowed Emacs, and to Eric
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1007 Raymond for help in polishing the Emacs 19 Lisp libraries.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1008
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1009 The June 1991 GNU's bulletin had this to say about future plans for Emacs:
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1010
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1011 Features being considered for later releases of Emacs include:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1012 associating property lists with regions of text in a buffer; multiple
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1013 fonts, color, and pixmaps defined by those properties; different
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1014 visibility conditions for the regions, and for various windows showing
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1015 one buffer; hooks to be run if point or mouse moves outside a certain
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1016 range; incrementally saving undo history in a file; static menu bars;
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1017 and better pop-up menus.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1018
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1019 Mention of this feature disappeared in the January 1992 GNU's bulletin:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1020
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1021 Emacs 19 supports two styles of multiple windows, one with a separate
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1022 screen for the minibuffer, and another with a minibuffer attached to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1023 each screen.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1024
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1025 Mention of these two proposed features disappeared in the January 1991
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1026 GNU's bulletin:
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1027
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
1028 * Incremental syntax analysis for various programming languages (Leif).
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
1029 * A more sophisticated emacsclient/server model, which would provide
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
1030 network transparent Emacs widget functionality.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
1031
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1032 27: What variants of GNU Emacs exist?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1033
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1034 * Nemacs (Nihongo Emacs), which can handle Japanese text, is derived from
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1035 GNU Emacs 18.55. See question 149.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1036
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1037 * Demacs, which can run under MS-DOS on 386 machines, is derived from
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1038 Nemacs. See question 122.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1039
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1040 * Epoch, which has better X support, is derived from GNU Emacs 18.58.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1041 See question 120 and 92.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1042
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1043 * Nepoch (Nihongo Epoch), which can handle Japanese text, is derived from
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1044 Epoch.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1045
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1046 * Mule (the MULtilingual Enhancement of GNU Emacs) can handle many
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1047 character sets simultaneously. It is derived from Emacs 18.58. It is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1048 available for FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1049
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1050 /sh.wide.ad.jp:/JAPAN/mule/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1051 /etlport.etl.go.jp:/pub/mule/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1052
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1053 * Lucid GNU Emacs is derived from an early unreleased version of GNU Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1054 19. See question 121 and 92.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1055
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1056
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1057
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1058 GNU Emacs FAQ: Common Requests/Problems
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1059
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1060 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x $" to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1061 get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look at the text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1062 of the answers, just type "C-x $".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1063
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1064 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a C-r if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1065 that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1066
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1067 A `+' in the 78th column means something was inserted on the line. A `-' means
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1068 something was deleted and a `!' means some combination of insertions and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1069 deletions occurred.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1070
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1071 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also see the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1072 `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers' newsgroup, or send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1073 e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on a body line, or use FTP,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1074 WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1075
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1076
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1077
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1078 Common Things People Want To Do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1079
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1080 28: How do I set up a .emacs file properly?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1081
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1082 See `Init File' in the on-line manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1083
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1084 WARNING: In general, new Emacs users should not have .emacs files, because
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1085 it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send questions to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1086 help-gnu-emacs asking why Emacs isn't behaving as documented. :-)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1087
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1088 29: How do I debug a .emacs file?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1089
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1090 First start Emacs with the `-q' command line option. Then, in the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1091 *scratch* buffer, type the following:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1092
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1093 (setq debug-on-error t) LFD
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1094 (load-file "~/.emacs") LFD
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1095
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1096 (Type LFD by pressing C-j.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1097
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1098 If you have an error in your .emacs file, this will invoke the debugger
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1099 when the error occurs. If you don't know how to use the debugger do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1100 (setq stack-trace-on-error t) instead.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1101
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1102 WARNING: this will not discover errors caused by trying to do something
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1103 that requires the terminal/window-system initialization code to have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1104 been loaded. See question 127.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1105
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1106 30: How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1107
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1108 To find out what line of the buffer you are on right now, do "M-x
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1109 what-line". Use "M-x goto-line" to go to a specific line. To find the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1110 current column number, type "M-ESC (current-column)".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1111
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1112 Typing "C-x l" will also tell you what line you are on, provided the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1113 buffer isn't separated into "pages" with C-l characters. In that case, it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1114 will only tell you what line of the current "page" you are on. WARNING:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1115 "C-x l" gives the wrong value when point is at the beginning of a line.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1116
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1117 There is no "correct" way to constantly display the current (or total)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1118 line (or column) number on the mode line in Emacs 18, or to display the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1119 line numbers next to the lines like vi can. Emacs is not a line-oriented
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1120 editor, and really has no idea what "lines" of the buffer are displayed in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1121 the window. It would require a lot of work at the C code level to make
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1122 Emacs keep track of this. It would not be that hard to get the column
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1123 number, but it would still require changes at the C code level.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1124
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1125 None of the vi emulation modes provide the `set number' capability of vi
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1126 (as far as I know).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1127
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1128 Emacs 19 will probably be able to show the line number on the mode-line,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1129 but probably very inefficiently.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1130
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1131 People have written various kludges to display line numbers. One is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1132 `display-line-numbers' by Wayne Mesard <wmesard@tofu.oracle.com,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1133 Mesard@bbn.com>. Look in the Lisp Code Directory. (See question
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1134 88.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1135
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1136 31: How do I turn on Abbrevs by default just in mode XXX?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1137
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1138 Put this in your .emacs file:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1139
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1140 (condition-case ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1141 (read-abbrev-file nil t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1142 (file-error nil))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1143
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1144 (setq XXX-mode-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1145 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1146 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1147 (setq abbrev-mode t))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1148
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1149 32: How do I turn on Auto-Fill mode by default?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1150
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1151 To turn on Auto-Fill mode just once for one buffer, use "M-x
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1152 auto-fill-mode". To turn it on for every buffer in, for example, Text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1153 mode, do this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1154
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1155 (setq text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1156
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1157 If you want Auto-Fill mode on in all major modes, do this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1158
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1159 (setq-default auto-fill-hook 'do-auto-fill)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1160
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1161 33: How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1162
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1163 If you want to use XXX mode for all files which end with the extension
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1164 `.YYY', this will do it for you:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1165
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1166 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.YYY\\'" . XXX-mode) auto-mode-alist))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1167
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1168 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1169 edit in XXX mode:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1170
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1171 -*-XXX-*-
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1172
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1173 34: How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1174 characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1175
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1176 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1177 example, `\237', you can type "C-s C-q 2 3 7". (This assumes the value of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1178 search-quote-char is 17 (ie., C-q).) Searching for ALL unprintable
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1179 characters is best done with a "regexp" search. The easiest regexp to use
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1180 for the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1181 printable chars.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1182
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1183 Regexp for the printable chars: [\t\n\r\f -~]
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1184
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1185 Regexp for the unprintable chars: [^\t\n\r\f -~]
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1186
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1187 To type some of these special characters in an interactive argument to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1188 isearch-forward-regexp or re-search-forward, you need to use C-q. (`\t',
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1189 `\n', `\r', and `\f' stand respectively for TAB, LFD, RET, and C-l.) So,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1190 to search for unprintable characters using re-search-forward:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1191
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1192 M-x re-search-forward RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1193
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1194 Using isearch-forward-regexp:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1195
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1196 M-C-s [^ TAB RET C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~]
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1197
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1198 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use a replace-regexp:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1199
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1200 M-x replace-regexp RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET RET
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1201
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1202 Replacing is similar to the above. {I need to write the text for this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1203 part of the answer!}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1204
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1205 Notes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1206
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1207 * With isearch, you can type RET to get a quoted LFD (not a quoted RET).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1208
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1209 * You don't need to quote TAB with either isearch or typing something in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1210 the minibuffer.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1211
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1212 Here are the Emacs Lisp forms of the above regexps:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1213
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1214 ;; regexp matching all printable characters:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1215 "[\t\n\r\f -~]"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1216
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1217 ;; regexp matching all unprintable characters:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1218 "[^\t\n\r\f -~]"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1219
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1220 35: How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1221
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1222 There are ways to get highlighting (reverse video, inverse video) in GNU
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1223 Emacs 18.59, but either they require patching the C code of Emacs and
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1224 rebuilding, or they are slow and the highlighting disappears if you scroll
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1225 or redraw the screen and it can not follow the point. Howard Gayle's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1226 patches for 8-bit output appear to allow highlighting (see question
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1227 ^8-bit-output). Another patch for highlighting is by Kenichi Handa
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1228 <handa@etl.go.jp>. There is a patch for use with X by Andy Norman
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1229 <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com> (and modified for 18.57 by Matthieu Herrb
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1230 <matthieu@laas.fr>), which is available for FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1231
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1232 /laas.laas.fr:pub/emacs/patch-X11-18.55
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1233 /laas.laas.fr:pub/emacs/patch-X11-18.57
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1234
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1235 You can highlight regions in a variety of ways in Epoch and Lucid Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1236 GNU Emacs 19 may not be able to just temporarily highlight a region.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1237
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1238 Similar comments apply to displaying text in different fonts, except that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1239 it is even harder.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1240
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1241 36: How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1242
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1243 For searching, the value of the variable case-fold-search determines
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1244 whether they are case sensitive:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1245
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1246 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1247 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1248
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1249 Similarly, for replacing the variable case-replace determines whether
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1250 replacements preserve case.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1251
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1252 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1253 mode's hook. For example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1254
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1255 (setq XXX-mode-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1256 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1257 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1258 (setq case-fold-search nil))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1259
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1260 37: How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1261
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1262 M-x auto-fill-mode. The default maximum line width is 74, determined by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1263 the variable fill-column. To find how to turn this on automatically see
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1264 question 32.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1265
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1266 38: Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1267
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1268 Use Ispell. See question 119.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1269
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1270 39: How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1271
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1272 If you want to spell-check TeX or *roff documents with Ispell, you need to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1273 arrange for a filter program that understands how to strip TeX or *roff
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1274 formatting commands to be run. In the TeX distribution, there are several
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1275 different programs named `detex', all with incompatible options, and a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1276 very old pair of programs named `detex' and `delatex', which should
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1277 probably be avoided. The most useful one for Ispell is `detex' by Daniel
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1278 Trinkle. A more recent version is available via FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1279
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1280 /arthur.cs.purdue.edu:pub/trinkle/detex-2.4.tar
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1281
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1282 Raphael Cerf <cerf@clipper.ens.fr> recently released a program for this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1283 named `xetal':
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1284
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1285 /spi.ens.fr:pub/unix/tex/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1286
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1287 There is a program that comes with Unix named `deroff' for stripping
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1288 formatting commands from *roff files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1289
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1290 Here is an example of code you can put in a .emacs file to use these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1291 programs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1292
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1293 ;; Based on suggestions by David G. Grubbs <dgg@ksr.com> and Paul Palmer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1294 ;; <palmerp@math.orst.edu>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1295
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1296 ;; Assuming the use of detex 2.3 by Daniel Trinkle:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1297 ;; -w means one word per line.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1298 ;; -n means don't expand \input or \include commands.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1299 ;; -l means force LaTeX mode.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1300
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1301 (require 'ispell) ; for the make-variable-buffer-local statements
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1302 (setq plain-TeX-mode-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1303 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1304 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1305 (setq ispell-filter-hook "detex")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1306 (setq ispell-filter-hook-args '("-nw")))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1307 (setq LaTeX-mode-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1308 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1309 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1310 (setq ispell-filter-hook "detex")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1311 (setq ispell-filter-hook-args '("-lnw")))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1312 (setq nroff-mode-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1313 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1314 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1315 (setq ispell-filter-hook "deroff")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1316 (setq ispell-filter-hook-args '("-w")))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1317
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1318 You will have to adjust the arguments for programs other than Trinkle's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1319 detex or for other versions of deroff. Experiment running the command
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1320 from the shell to find the correct options. If you don't have a filter
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1321 that knows how to output one word per line, you must pipe its output
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1322 through another filter to break up the output.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1323
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1324 40: How do I change load-path?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1325
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1326 In general, you should only *add* to the load-path. You can add
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1327 directory /XXX/YYY to the load path like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1328
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1329 (setq load-path (append load-path '("/XXX/YYY/")))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1330
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1331 To do this relative to your home directory:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1332
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1333 (setq load-path (append load-path (list (expand-file-name "~/YYY/"))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1334
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1335 41: How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1336
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1337 The `emacsclient' program is for editing a file using an already running
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1338 Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does this by sending a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1339 request to the already running Emacs, which must be expecting the request.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1340
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1341 * Setup
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1342
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1343 Emacs must have executed the `server-start' function for emacsclient to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1344 work. This can be done either by a command line option:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1345
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1346 emacs -f server-start
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1347
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1348 or by invoking server-start from the .emacs file:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1349
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1350 (if (some conditions are met) (server-start))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1351
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1352 When this is done, Emacs starts a subprocess running a program called
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1353 `server'. `server' creates a Unix domain socket in the user's home
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1354 directory named `.emacs_server'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1355
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1356 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke emacsclient, try
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1357 setting the environment variable EDITOR (or sometimes VISUAL) to the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1358 value `emacsclient'. You may have to specify the full pathname of the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1359 emacsclient program instead. Examples:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1360
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1361 # csh commands:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1362 setenv EDITOR emacsclient
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1363 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient # using full pathname
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1364
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1365 # sh command:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1366 EDITOR=emacsclient export EDITOR
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1367
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1368 * Normal use
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1369
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1370 When emacsclient is run, it connects to the `.emacs_server' socket and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1371 passes its command line options to `server'. When `server' receives
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1372 these requests, it sends this information on the the Emacs process,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1373 which at the next opportunity will visit the files specified. (Line
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1374 numbers can be specified just like with Emacs.) The user will have to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1375 switch to the Emacs window by hand. When the user is done editing a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1376 file, the user can type "C-x #" to indicate this. This will switch to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1377 another buffer created at the request of emacsclient if there are any.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1378 When "C-x #" has been invoked on all of the files that the emacsclient
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1379 requested to be edited, Emacs will send notification of this to `server'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1380 which will pass this on to the emacsclient, which will then exit.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1381
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1382 NOTE: `emacsclient' and `server' must be running on machines which share
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1383 the same filesystem for this to work. The pathnames that emacsclient
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1384 specifies should be correct for the filesystem that the Emacs process
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1385 sees. The Emacs process should not be suspended at the time emacsclient
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1386 is invoked. emacsclient should either be invoked from another X window or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1387 from a shell window inside Emacs itself.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1388
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1389 There is an enhanced version of emacsclient/server called `gnuserv' by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1390 Andy Norman <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com> which is available in the Emacs Lisp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1391 Archive. gnuserv uses Internet domain sockets, so it can work across most
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1392 network connections. It also supports the execution of arbitrary Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1393 Lisp forms and also does not require the client program to wait for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1394 completion. It is available via anonymous FTP (Emacs Lisp Archive:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1395 packages/gnuserv.shar).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1396
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1397 42: How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1398
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1399 Write a program which runs the compiler as a child and filters its output,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1400 rearranging as necessary. Install with same name as compiler somewhere in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1401 path.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1402
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1403 Keith Moore <moore@cs.utk.edu> wrote one such for a C compiler under AIX.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1404 Available via FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1405
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1406 /cs.utk.edu:readonly/aixcc.lex
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1407
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1408 Jim Frost <jimf@saber.com> wrote another for the IBM xlc compiler on the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1409 RS/6000. (I don't know if these are both for the same compiler.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1410 Johnathan Vail <vail@tegra.COM> wrote something for a High C compiler
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1411 (`hc', which is one of the compilers on the RS/6000, although I think
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1412 Johnathan wrote his program for hc on a different computer).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1413
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1414 43: How do I indent switch statements like this?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1415
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1416 Many people want to indent their switch statements like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1417
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1418 f()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1419 {
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1420 switch(x) {
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1421 case A:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1422 x1;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1423 break;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1424 case B:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1425 x2;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1426 break;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1427 default:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1428 x3;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1429 }
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1430 }
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1431
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1432 I don't believe there is any way to do this exactly without modifying the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1433 Lisp code in c-mode.el. You can set c-indent-level to 4 and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1434 c-label-offset to -2, but this has bad effects elsewhere. {Anyone have a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1435 solution?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1436
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1437 44: How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1438
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1439 There is no completely correct way of doing this that does not involve
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1440 rewriting all commands or writing your own top-level command loop (not a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1441 completely bad idea). Wayne Mesard <wmesard@pescadero.stanford.edu> has
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1442 written a particularly advanced kludge called `hscroll.el' that checks
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1443 once a second to make sure point is visible.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1444
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1445 45: How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1446
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1447 M-x overwrite-mode (a minor mode).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1448
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1449 46: How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1450
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1451 Martin R. Frank <martin@cc.gatech.edu> writes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1452
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1453 Tell Emacs to use the 'visible bell' instead of the audible bell, and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1454 set the visible bell to nothing.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1455
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1456 Put this in your TERMCAP environment variable:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1457
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1458 ... :vb=: ...
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1459
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1460 And evaluate this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1461
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1462 (setq visible-bell t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1463
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1464 47: How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1465
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1466 Under versions of Emacs before 18.58, the bell volume was annoying loud
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1467 and difficult to turn off. So upgrading to 18.58 or higher will reduce
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1468 the volume. If you want to turn it off completely, use `xset'. There is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1469 no way to turn the bell off just for Emacs without affecting all other
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1470 programs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1471
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1472 Under Epoch you can do:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1473
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1474 (setq epoch::bell-volume 20)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1475
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1476 Stu Grossman <grossman@sunburn.stanford.edu> wrote a patch that allows the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1477 bell volume to be adjusted from inside Emacs just for Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1478
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1479 48: How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1480 indentation of the previous line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1481
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1482 One solution is Indented Text Mode (M-x indented-text-mode).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1483
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1484 If you have Auto-Fill mode on (a minor mode, see question 32), you can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1485 tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain character sequence, the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1486 "fill prefix". Type the prefix at the beginning of a line, position point
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1487 after it, and then type "C-x ." (set-fill-prefix) to set the fill prefix.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1488 Thereafter, auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1489 beginning of new lines, and M-q (fill-paragraph) will maintain any fill
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1490 prefix when refilling the paragraph.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1491
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1492 NOTE: If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1493 will have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1494 to a new paragraph. To avoid this hassle, try one of the many packages
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1495 available from the Emacs Lisp Archive. Look up `fill' and `indent' in the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1496 Lisp Code Directory for guidance.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1497
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1498 49: How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1499
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1500 If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1501 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will blink the cursor on the matching
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1502 parenthesis.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1503
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1504 M-C-f (forward-sexp) and M-C-b (backward-sexp) will skip over balanced
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1505 parentheses, so you can see which parentheses match. (You can train it to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1506 skip over balanced brackets and braces at the same time by modifying the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1507 syntax table.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1508
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1509 Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the % key show the matching
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1510 parenthesis, like in vi. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1511 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1512
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1513 ;; By an unknown contributor
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1514
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1515 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1516
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1517 (defun match-paren (arg)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1518 "Go to the matching parenthesis if on parenthesis otherwise insert %."
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1519 (interactive "p")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1520 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1521 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1522 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1)))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1523
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1524 50: In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1525 commands are handled by the compiler?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1526
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1527 M-x hide-ifdef-mode. (This is a minor mode.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1528
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1529 You may have to (load "hideif") first. If you want to do this regularly,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1530 put this in your .emacs file:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1531
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1532 (autoload 'hide-ifdef-mode "hideif" nil t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1533
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1534 {Yes, I know, this should be in lisp/loaddefs.el already.}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1535
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1536 51: Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1537
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1538 (`.' is the redo command in vi. It redoes the last insertion/deletion.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1539
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1540 No, not really.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1541
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1542 You can type "C-x ESC" (repeat-complex-command) to reinvoke commands that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1543 used the minibuffer to get arguments. In repeat-complex-command you can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1544 type M-p and M-n to scan through all the different complex commands you've
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1545 typed.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1546
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1547 To repeat something on each line I recommend using keyboard macros.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1548
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1549 52: What are the valid X resource settings (ie., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1550
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1551 See the Emacs man page, or the etc/OPTIONS file. Ignore the information
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1552 in etc/XDOC which is way out of date.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1553
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1554 53: How do I execute a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1555
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1556 There are a number of ways to execute (called "evaluate") an Emacs Lisp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1557 "form":
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1558
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1559 * If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1560 named `.emacs' in your home directory.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1561
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1562 * You can type the form in the *scratch* buffer, and then type LFD (or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1563 C-j) after it. The result of evaluating the form will be inserted in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1564 the buffer.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1565
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1566 * In Emacs-Lisp mode, typing M-C-x evaluates a top-level form before or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1567 around point.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1568
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1569 * Typing "C-x C-e" in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1570 before point and prints its value in the echo area.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1571
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1572 * Typing M-ESC or M-x eval-expression allows you to type a Lisp form in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1573 the minibuffer which will be evaluated.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1574
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1575 * You can use M-x load-file to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp forms in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1576 a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function `load' instead.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1577
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1578 These functions are also used for evaluating Lisp forms:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1579
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1580 load-library, eval-region, eval-current-buffer, require, autoload
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1581
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1582 54: How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1583
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1584 Example: (setq default-tab-width 10).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1585
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1586 55: How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1587
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1588 Type "M-x replace-regexp RET ^ RET > RET".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1589
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1590 To do this only in the region, type "C-x n M-x replace-regexp RET ^ RET
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1591 > RET C-x w".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1592
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1593 WARNING: The command narrow-to-region (C-x n) is disabled by default
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1594 because it can be very confusing (ie., "Oh no! Where did my file go?").
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1595
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1596 56: How do I insert `_^H' before each character in a paragraph to get an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1597 underlined paragraph?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1598
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1599 M-x underline-region.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1600
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1601 57: How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1602
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1603 Use "C-x (" and "C-x )" to make a keyboard macro that invokes the command
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1604 and then type "M-0 C-x e".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1605
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1606 WARNING: any messages your command prints in the echo area will be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1607 suppressed.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1608
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1609 58: How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1610 should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1611
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1612 M-x picture-mode. (This is a minor mode, in theory anyway ...)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1613
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1614 59: How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1615
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1616 You need to modify C source and recompile. Either that or get Epoch or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1617 Lucid Emacs instead. Patches have been written by Robert Forsman
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1618 <thoth@reef.cis.ufl.edu> and Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> to allow Emacs to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1619 iconify itself and by Matt Wette <mwette@mr-ed.jpl.nasa.gov> and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1620 Manavendra K. Thakur <thakur@zerkalo.harvard.edu> (for 18.57, plus icon
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1621 geometry) to allow Emacs to start up iconified. I don't know which of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1622 these patches work together.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1623
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1624 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1625 /csi.jpl.nasa.gov:pub/emax.patch1 (Matt Wette)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1626 /ftp.eu.net:gnu/emacs/FP-Xfun.Z (Johan Vromans)
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1627 /ftp.urc.tue.nl:/pub/tex/emacs/FP-Xfun (Johan Vromans)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1628
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1629 60: How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1630
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1631 See `Regexps' in the online manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1632
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1633 WARNING: The "or" operator is `\|', not `|', and the grouping operators
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1634 are `\(' and `\)'. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is "\\".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1635 Thus, the string syntax for a regular expression like xxx\(foo\|bar\) is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1636 "xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)". Notice the duplicated backslashes!
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1637
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1638 WARNING: Unlike in Unix grep, sed, etc., a complement character set
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1639 ([^...]) can match a newline character (LFD aka C-j aka \n), unless
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1640 newline is mentioned as one of the characters not to match.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1641
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1642 WARNING: The character syntax regexps (eg. `\sw') are not meaningful
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1643 inside character set regexps (eg. `[aeiou]'). (This is actually typical
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1644 for regexp syntax.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1645
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1646 61: How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1647
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1648 The "tags" feature of Emacs includes the command tags-query-replace which
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1649 performs a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the TAGS file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1650 See `Tags:Tags Search' in the online manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1651
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1652 In addition, Martin Boyer has written a package named global-replace which
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1653 will perform a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1654 *compilation* buffer (usually done after a `grep'), which is available via
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1655 anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1656
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1657 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/compile.el.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1658 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/global-replace.el.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1659 /ireq-robot.hydro.qc.ca:pub/emacs/lisp/query.el.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1660
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1661 62: Where is the documentation for `etags'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1662
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1663 `etags' takes options just like a prior version of ctags, so your ctags
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1664 manual (if any) may be useful. Eoin Woods, in comp.emacs, writes the !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1665 following: !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1666 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1667 From reading the source (!) the way I use it is: !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1668 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1669 for f in `find <args>` !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1670 do !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1671 etags -at -f ETAGS $f !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1672 done !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1673 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1674 The "-t" option means to create tags for typedefs as well as functions. !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1675 The "-a" option tells it to append to the output file. If you have a !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1676 small number of files (up to a few hundred I think) you can use it !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1677 direct as: !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1678 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1679 etags -f ETAGS file1 file2 file3 ... filen !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1680 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1681 The option list is: !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1682 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1683 -f file - Specify the output file name (Default is "TAGS") !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1684 -a - Append to the output file. (Default is to rewrite it) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1685 -t - Create tags for typedefs (default is just functions) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1686 -u - Update the output file. Do not re-create it. !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1687 -w - Suppress warnings !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1688 -v - Create vgrind style indexed output (What is vgrind??) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1689 -x - Create cxref style output (default is Emacs Tags) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1690 -e - Emacs tags style output (the default the way I !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1691 compile it) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1692 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1693 Having got it working, it works fine! !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1694
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1695
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1696
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1697 Bugs/Problems
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1698
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1699 63: Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1700
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1701 Most installed versions of GNU Emacs will use 24-bit signed integers (and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1702 24-bit pointers) internally. This limits the file size that Emacs can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1703 handle to 8,388,607 bytes (2^23 - 1).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1704
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1705 Leonard N. Zubkoff <lnz@lucid.com> suggests putting the following two
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1706 lines in src/config.h before compiling Emacs to allow for 26-bit integers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1707 and pointers (and thus filesizes of up to 33,554,431 bytes):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1708
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1709 #define VALBITS 26
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1710 #define GCTYPEBITS 5
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1711
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1712 WARNING: This method may result in `ILLEGAL DATATYPE' and other random
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1713 errors on some machines.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1714
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1715 David Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu> gives an explanation of why
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1716 Emacs uses 24 bit integers and pointers:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1717
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1718 Emacs is largely written in a dialect of Lisp; Lisp is a freely-typed
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1719 language in the sense that you can put any value of any type into any
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1720 variable, or return it from a function, and so on. So each value must
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1721 carry a "tag" along with it identifying what kind of thing it is, eg.,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1722 integer, pointer to a list, pointer to an editing buffer, and so on.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1723 Emacs uses standard 32-bit integers for data objects, taking the top 8
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1724 bits for the tag and the bottom 24 bits for the value. So integers (and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1725 pointers) are somewhat restricted compared to true C integers and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1726 pointers.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1727
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1728 Emacs uses 8-bit tags because that's a little faster on byte-oriented
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1729 machines, but there are only really enough tags to require 6 bits.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1730
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1731 64: Why can't Emacs find files in current directory on startup?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1732
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1733 The PWD bug has been fixed as of GNU Emacs 18.59. Read on if you are
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1734 running an older version of Emacs.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1735
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1736 Most likely, you have an environment variable named PWD that is set to a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1737 value other than the name of your current directory. This is most
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1738 likely caused by using two different shell programs. `ksh' and (some
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1739 versions of) `csh' set and maintain the value of the PWD environment
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1740 variable, but `sh' doesn't. If you start sh from ksh, change your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1741 current directory inside sh, and then start Emacs from inside sh, PWD
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1742 will have the wrong value but Emacs will use this value. An invalid
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1743 setting for PWD can also be a problem if you use X Windows and csh on an
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
1744 RS/6000. See the etc/OPTIONS file for more details.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1745
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1746 Perhaps an easier solution is not to use two shells. The `chsh' program
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1747 can often be used to change one's default login shell.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1748
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1749 You may have PWD set for other reasons. Another possibility is that you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1750 are setting default-directory from your .emacs file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1751
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1752 Here is a fix by Jim Blandy <jimb@occs.cs.oberlin.edu>:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1753
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1754 >--- emacs/jjj/emacs-18.58/lisp/startup.el Tue Jan 15 23:19:04 1991
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1755 >+++ startup.el Mon Apr 20 00:21:01 1992
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1756 >@@ -81,5 +81,7 @@
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1757 > ;; In presence of symlinks, switch to cleaner form of default directory.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1758 > (if (and (not (eq system-type 'vax-vms))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1759 >- (getenv "PWD"))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1760 >+ (getenv "PWD")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1761 >+ (equal (nthcdr 10 (file-attributes default-directory))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1762 >+ (nthcdr 10 (file-attributes (getenv "PWD")))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1763 > (setq default-directory (file-name-as-directory (getenv "PWD"))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1764 > (unwind-protect
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1765
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1766 65: How do I get rid of the ^M junk in my Shell buffer?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1767
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1768 For tcsh, put this in your `.cshrc' (or `.tcshrc') file:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1769
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1770 if ($?EMACS) then
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1771 if ("$EMACS" == t) then
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1772 if ($?tcsh) unset edit
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1773 stty nl
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1774 endif
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1775 endif
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1776
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1777 Or put this in your .emacs_tcsh file:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1778
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1779 unset edit
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1780 stty nl
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1781
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1782 Alternatively, use csh in your Shell buffers instead of tcsh. One way
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1783 is:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1784
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1785 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1786
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1787 and another is to do this in your .cshrc (or .tcshrc) file:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1788
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1789 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1790
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1791 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1792 set for this to take effect.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1793
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1794 66: Why do I get `Process shell exited abnormally with code 1'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1795
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1796 The most likely reason for this message is that the `env' program is not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1797 properly installed. This program should be compiled (for the correct
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1798 architecture!) and installed with execute permission for everyone in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1799 Emacs's program directory, which is normally /usr/local/emacs/etc. You
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1800 can find what this directory is at your site by inspecting the value of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1801 the variable exec-directory by typing "C-h v exec-directory RET". `env'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1802 should also be for the correct architecture (check using `file' command).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1803
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1804 You should also check for other programs named `env' in your path (eg.,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1805 SunOS has a program named /usr/bin/env). I don't understand why this can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1806 cause a failure and I don't know a general solution for working around the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1807 problem in this case.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1808
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1809 The `make clean' command will remove `env' and other vital programs, so be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1810 careful when using it.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1811
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1812 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1813 as an X client from an xterm window (ie. had a controlling tty) but the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1814 xterm was later terminated.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1815
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1816 See also etc/PROBLEMS for other possible causes of this message.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1817
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1818 67: Why can't I cut from Emacs and paste in other X programs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1819
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1820 Emacs stores things you "cut" in the X "cut buffers". It also pastes from
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1821 the cut buffer `CUT_BUFFER0'. This is obsolete. Most modern X programs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1822 now expect to work with "selections" instead of cut buffers, although some
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1823 like `xterm' will try to use the cut buffers if the selection is null.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1824
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1825 Emacs 18.58 contains a "fix" that makes xterm work by default. This
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1826 "fix" is that Emacs clears the `PRIMARY' selection when it stores
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1827 something in the cut buffer. By making the selection null, xterm will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1828 then fetch from the cut buffer when you try to paste.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1829
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1830 For versions of Emacs prior to 18.58, you can make pasting from Emacs into
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1831 xterm work with the following X resources:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1832
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1833 ! Solution by Thomas Narten, should work under X11R3 and later GNU
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1834 ! Emacs only copies to CUT_BUFFER0. xterm by default wants to paste
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1835 ! from the PRIMARY selection.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1836 XTerm*VT100.Translations: #override \
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1837 ~Meta <Btn2Up>: insert-selection(CUT_BUFFER0,PRIMARY)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1838
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1839 You may have problems copying between Emacs and programs other than xterm
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1840 that won't store cut text in the cut buffers or look in the cut buffers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1841 for text to paste (for backwards compatibility with obsolete applications
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1842 like Emacs :-). The best workaround is to use the `xcutsel' program as an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1843 intermediary.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1844
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1845 This problem does not exist for Epoch or Lucid Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1846
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1847 68: Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type `emacs'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1848
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1849 The termcap entry for terminal type `emacs' is ordinarily put in the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1850 TERMCAP environment variable of subshells. It may help in certain
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1851 situations (eg., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an entry for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1852 `emacs' to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a correct termcap entry
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1853 for `emacs':
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1854
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1855 emacs:tc=unknown:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1856
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1857 To make a terminfo entry for `emacs', use `tic' or `captoinfo'. You need
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1858 to generate /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs. It may work to simply copy
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1859 /usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb to /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1860
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1861 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1862 programs in shell buffers. Use M-x terminal-emulator for that instead.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1863
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1864 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1865 change terminal type `emacs' to type `dumb' or `unknown' in your shell
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1866 start up file. `csh' users could put this in their .cshrc files:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1867
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1868 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1869
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1870 69: Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying `I-search:' and beeping?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1871
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1872 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1873 sending C-s and C-q for flow control, and Emacs is receiving these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1874 characters and interpreting them as commands. (The C-s character normally
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1875 invokes the isearch-forward command.) For possible solutions, see
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1876 question 131.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1877
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1878 70: Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1879
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1880 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1881 gethostbyname than the rest of the programs on the machine. This is often
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1882 manifested as a message on startup of `X server not responding. Check
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1883 your DISPLAY environment variable.' or a message of `Unknown host' from
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1884 open-network-stream.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1885
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1886 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1887 library. The version of gethostbyname in the static C library may only
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1888 look in /etc/hosts and the NIS (YP) maps, while the version in the dynamic
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1889 C library may be smart enough to check DNS in addition to or instead of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1890 NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V R3.6, the version of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1891 gethosbyname in the standard library works, but the one that works with
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1892 NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet). Other operating systems have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1893 similar problems.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1894
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1895 Try these options:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1896
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1897 * Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to /etc/hosts.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1898
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1899 * Relink Emacs with this line in src/config.h:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1900
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1901 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1902
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1903 * Replace gethostbyname and friends in libc.a with more useful versions
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1904 such as the ones in libresolv.a. Then relink Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1905
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1906 * If you are actually running NIS, make sure that `ypbind' is properly
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1907 told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1908
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1909 * Use tcp.el and tcp.c from GNUS. This has the additional advantage that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1910 you can use numeric IP addresses instead of names. open-network-stream
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1911 currently can't handle numeric addresses. Brian Thomson
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1912 <thomson@hub.toronto.edu> has a enhancement to open-network-stream to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1913 allow it to handle numeric addresses.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1914
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1915 71: Why does Emacs say `Error in init file'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1916
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1917 An error occurred while loading either your .emacs file or the system-wide
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1918 lisp/default.el file. For information on how to debug your .emacs file,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1919 see question 29.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1920
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1921 It may be the case that you may need to load some package first, or use a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1922 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1923 this is explained in question 127.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1924
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1925 72: Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1926
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1927 * Try compiling Emacs with the XBACKWARDS macro defined. There is a bug
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1928 in some implementations of XGetDefault, which do not correspond to the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1929 documentation or the header files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1930
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1931 * Make sure you are either using the class name of `Emacs' (oops,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1932 apparently this is buggy in Emacs 18.58!) or the correct instance name.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1933 The instance name is normally the same as the name of the file Emacs is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1934 in (ie., the last part of argv[0]), but this can be overridden by -rn
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1935 command line option or the WM_RES_NAME environment variable.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1936
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1937 WARNING: Reports say using the class name fails in Emacs 18.58.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1938
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1939 WARNING: The advice the man page gives to use `emacs' is often wrong.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1940
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1941 WARNING: Older versions of Emacs got the class name wrong.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1942
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1943 * Emacs currently ignores the -xrm command line argument.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1944
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1945 * Emacs does not yet handle X11R5 screen-specific resources.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1946
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1947 * Emacs has a bug where it ignores color specifications if running on a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1948 1-bit display (ie. a non-color display).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1949
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1950 * I don't think Emacs will use either of the application-specific resource
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1951 files. Thus these environment variables don't affect it: XAPPLRESDIR,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1952 XUSERFILESEARCHPATH, XFILESEARCHPATH. {Correct?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1953
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1954 73: Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1955
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1956 The usual cause is that the master lock file, `!!!SuperLock!!!' has been
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1957 left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1958
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1959 Mark Meuer <meuer@geom.umn.edu> says that NeXT NFS has a bug where an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1960 exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This can cause the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1961 same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work over NFS anyway,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1962 the best solution is to recompile Emacs with CLASH_DETECTION undefined.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1963
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1964 74: How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1965
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1966 When entering a filename in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1967 a `$' followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1968 behavior, type "$$" instead.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1969
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1970 75: Why does Shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1971
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1972 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its directory.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1973 This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to guess by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1974 recognizing `cd' commands. If you type `cd' followed by a directory name
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1975 with a variable reference (`cd $HOME/bin') or with a shell metacharacter
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1976 (`cd ../lib*'), Emacs will fail to correctly guess the shell's new current
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1977 directory. A huge variety of fixes and enhancements to Shell mode for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1978 this problem have been written to handle this problem. Check the Lisp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1979 Code Directory (see question 88).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1980
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1981 76: Why doesn't my change to load-path work?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1982
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1983 If you added a directory name containing a tilde (~) to your load-path,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1984 expecting the tilde to be interpreted as your home directory, then you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1985 need to do something like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1986
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1987 (setq load-path (mapcar 'expand-file-name load-path))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1988
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1989 77: Why does the cursor always go to the wrong column when I move up or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1990 down one line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1991
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1992 You have inadvertently typed "C-x C-n" (set-goal-column) which sets the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1993 "goal column" to the column where the cursor was. To undo this type
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1994 "C-u C-x C-n".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1995
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1996 If you make this mistake frequently, you might want to unbind or disable
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1997 this command by doing one of these two:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1998
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
1999 (define-key ctl-x-map "\C-n" nil)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2000 (put 'set-goal-column 'disabled t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2001
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2002 78: Why does Emacs hang with message `Unknown XMenu error' with X11R4?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2003
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2004 Many different X errors can produce this message. Here is the solution
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2005 to one problem:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2006
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2007 X11 Release 4 (and later, including OpenWindows) enforces some conditions
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2008 in the X protocol that were previously allowed to pass unnoticed. You
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2009 need to put the X11R4 server into X11R3 bug compatibility mode for Emacs's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2010 Xmenu code to work. You can do this with the command `xset bc'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2011
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2012 79: Why doesn't display-time show the load average in the mode line
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2013 anymore?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2014
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2015 In GNU Emacs 18.56, a change was made in the display-time code.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2016 Formerly, in version 18.55, Emacs used a program named `loadst' to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2017 notify Emacs of the change in time every minute. loadst also sent Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2018 the system load average if it was installed with sufficient privilege to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2019 get that information (or was on a system where no such privilege was
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2020 needed). Emacs then displayed this information in the mode line.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2021
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2022 In version 18.56, this code was changed to use a program named `wakeup'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2023 wakeup doesn't send Emacs any information, it's only purpose is to send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2024 Emacs *something* every minute, thus invoking the filter function in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2025 Emacs once a minute. The filter function in Emacs does all the work of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2026 finding the time, date, and load average. However, getting the load
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2027 average requires the privilege to read kernel memory on most systems.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2028 Since giving Emacs this privilege would destroy any security a system
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2029 might have, for almost everyone this is not an option. In addition,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2030 Emacs does not have the code built into it to get this information on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2031 the systems which have special system calls for this purpose, even
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2032 though loadst had code for this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2033
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2034 The solution I use is to get the files lisp/display-time.el and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2035 etc/loadst.c from version 18.55 and use those with 18.58. (I have heard
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2036 a rumor that loadst disappeared because of the legal action Unipress
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2037 threatened against IBM.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2038
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2039 WARNING: Do not install Emacs setgid kmem unless you wish to destroy
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2040 any security your system might have!!!!!!!!!!
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2041
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2042 If you are using Emacs 18.55 or earlier, or already using the solution I
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2043 describe above, read further:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2044
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2045 The most likely cause of the problem is that `loadst' can't read the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2046 special file /dev/kmem. To properly install loadst, it should be either
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2047 setuid to the owner of /dev/kmem, or is should be setgid to the group to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2048 which /dev/kmem belongs. In either case, /dev/kmem should be readable by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2049 its owner or its group, respectively. Assuming the existence of a group
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2050 named `kmem', here is an example of how to do this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2051
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2052 chgrp kmem /dev/kmem
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2053 chmod g+r /dev/kmem
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2054 chgrp kmem /usr/local/emacs/etc/loadst
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2055 chmod g+s /usr/local/emacs/etc/loadst
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2056
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2057 Another possibility is that your version of Unix doesn't have the load
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2058 average data available in /dev/kmem. Your version of Unix might have a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2059 special system call to retrieve this information (eg., inq_stats under
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2060 UMAX), and loadst might not have been enhanced to cope with this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2061
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2062 80: Why does ispell sometimes ignore the local dictionary?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2063
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2064 You need to update the version of Ispell to 2.0.02. (Or you can switch to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2065 version 3.0 which is still in beta-testing.) A patch is available via
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2066 anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2067
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2068 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/ispell/patch2.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2069
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2070 You also need to change a line in ispell.el from:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2071
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2072 (defconst ispell-version "2.0.01") ; Check against output of "ispell -v".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2073
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2074 to:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2075
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2076 (defconst ispell-version "2.0.02") ; Check against output of "ispell -v".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2077
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2078 81: Why does Ispell treat each line as a single word?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2079
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2080 Ispell expects to get its input one word per line. The ispell filter,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2081 which is specified by the variables ispell-filter-hook and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2082 ispell-filter-hook-args, should output at most one word per line.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2083
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2084 82: Are there any security risks in GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2085
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2086 * the `movemail' incident (No, this is not a risk.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2087
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2088 Cliff Stoll in his book `The Cuckoo's Egg' describes this in chapter 4.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2089 The site at LBL had installed the `etc/movemail' program setuid root.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2090 Since `movemail' had not been designed for this situation, a security
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
2091 hole was created and users could get root privileges.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2092
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2093 `movemail' has since been changed so that even if it is installed setuid
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2094 root this security hole will not be a result.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2095
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2096 I have heard unverified reports that the Internet worm took advantage of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2097 this configuration problem.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2098
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2099 * the file-local-variable feature (Yes, a risk, but easy to change.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2100
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2101 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2102 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text near
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2103 the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to have
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2104 arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2105 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2106 feature.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2107
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2108 If you set the variable inhibit-local-variables to a non-nil value,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2109 Emacs will display the special local variable settings of a file that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2110 you visit and ask you if you really want them. This variable is not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2111 mentioned in the manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2112
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2113 It is wise to do this in lisp/site-init.el before building Emacs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2114
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2115 (setq inhibit-local-variables t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2116
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2117 If Emacs has already been built, the expression can be put in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2118 lisp/default.el instead, or an individual can put it in their own .emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2119 file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2120
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2121 The ability to exploit this feature by sending e-mail to an RMAIL user
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2122 was fixed sometime after Emacs 18.52. However, any new package that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2123 uses find-file or find-file-noselect has to be careful about this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2124
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2125 For more information, see `File Variables' in the online manual (which,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2126 incidentally, does not describe how to disable the feature).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2127
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2128 There is a new variable in Emacs 18.58 named ignore-local-eval which
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2129 turns out to be useless as currently implemented. Ignore it.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2130
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2131 * synthetic X events (Yes, a risk, use MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 or better.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2132
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2133 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the SendEvent request as
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2134 though they were regular events. As a result, if you are using the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2135 trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
2136 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
2137 anything, including run other processes with your privileges.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2138
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2139 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2140 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2141 authentication mechanism, such as MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1. If using the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2142 `xauth' program has any effect, then you are probably using
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2143 MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1. Your site may be using a superior authentication
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2144 method; ask your system administrator.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2145
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2146 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2147 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2148 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2149 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but DOES
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2150 NOT ELIMINATE THE RISK.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2151
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2152 Lucid GNU Emacs does not accept synthetic X events unless you set a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2153 variable.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2154
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2155 * autosave file permissions (Yes, a risk, hard to work around.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2156
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2157 The file permissions for autosave files are determined solely by the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2158 Emacs process's `umask' value. The permissions of the file being
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2159 autosaved are not used. The easiest workaround is to keep sensitive
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2160 files in protected directories. Sebastian Kremer has written an
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2161 enhanced version of the autosave file name picking code that can avoid
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2162 this problem by keeping autosave files in a protected directory. {FTP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2163 information please?} This problem will be fixed in Emacs 19.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2164
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2165
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2166
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2167 Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2168
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2169 83: What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2170
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2171 First look in the file etc/PROBLEMS to see if there is already a solution
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2172 for your problem. Next check the FAQ (you're reading it). If you don't
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2173 find a solution, then report your problem via e-mail to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2174 bug-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. Please do not post it to gnu.emacs.help or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2175 e-mail it to help-gnu-emacs@prep.ai.mit.edu. For further guidelines, see
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2176 question 8.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2177
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2178 84: How do I stop Emacs from failing when the executable is stripped?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2179
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2180 Don't do that.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2181
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2182 This problem has been reported on SGI Indigo machines running Irix 4.0.*
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2183 and RS/6000 machines. Scott Henry <scotth@hoshi.corp.SGi.COM> posted a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2184 patch that fixes the problem for Irix.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2185
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2186 85: Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2187
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2188 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2189 libX11.a. This may be missing.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2190
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2191 Under OpenWindows, you may need to use `add_services' to add the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2192 `OpenWindows Programmers' optional software category from the CD-ROM.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2193
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2194 Under HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run `update' again to load the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2195 X11-PRG `fileset'. This may be missing even if you specified `all
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2196 filesets' the first time. If libcurses.a is missing, you may need to load
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2197 the `Berkeley Development Option' {???}.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2198
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2199 If you are building the MIT X11 sources, you may need to modify your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2200 `site.cf' file to get static versions of the libraries. (Info from David
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2201 Zuhn <zoo@cygnus.com>.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2202
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2203 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2204 CANNOT_DUMP and link with the shared libraries instead.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2205
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2206 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2207 liboldX.a.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2208
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2209 86: Why does Emacs 18.55 say `Fatal error (6).Abort' under SunOS 4.1?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2210
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2211 I had hoped this question would go away after Emacs 18.57 was released,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2212 but people continue to compile 18.55. Easiest solution: upgrade.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2213
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2214 This is a result of the SunOS localtime/tzsetwall malloc bug, which was
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2215 (finally!) fixed in SunOS 4.1.2. If you actually need the full
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2216 explanation, send me e-mail. If you absolutely must compile Emacs 18.55
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2217 (eg., you are compiling Nemacs), the easiest workaround was to put
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2218 `#define SYSTEM_MALLOC' in src/config.h.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2219
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2220
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2221
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2222 GNU Emacs FAQ: Getting Emacs/Packages
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2223
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2224 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x $" to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2225 get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look at the text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2226 of the answers, just type "C-x $".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2227
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2228 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a C-r if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2229 that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2230
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2231 A `+' in the 78th column means something was inserted on the line. A `-' means
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2232 something was deleted and a `!' means some combination of insertions and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2233 deletions occurred.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2234
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2235 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also see the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2236 `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers' newsgroup, or send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2237 e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on a body line, or use FTP,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2238 WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2239
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2240
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2241
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2242 Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2243
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2244 87: Where can I get GNU Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2245
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2246 Look in the files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for information on nearby
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2247 archive sites. If you don't already have GNU Emacs, see question 20
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2248 for how to get these two files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2249
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2250 The latest version is always available via anonymous FTP at MIT:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2251
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2252 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/emacs-18.59.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2253
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2254 See question 91.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2255
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2256 88: How do I find a GNU Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2257
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2258 A listing of Emacs Lisp packages, called the Lisp Code Directory, is being
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2259 maintained by Dave Brennan <brennan@hal.com> and Dave Sill <de5@ornl.gov>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2260 You can search through this list to find if someone has written something
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2261 that fits your needs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2262
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2263 This list is file LCD-datafile.Z in the Emacs Lisp Archive. (See
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2264 question 89 for methods for getting this file.) The files lispdir.el.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2265 and lispdir.doc.Z in the archive contain information to help you use the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2266 list. Once you have installed lispdir.el and LCD-datafile, then you can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2267 use the "M-x lisp-dir-apropos" command to look things up in the database.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2268 For example, the command "M-x lisp-dir-apropos RET ange-ftp RET" produces
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2269 this (outdated) output:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2270
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2271 GNU Emacs Lisp Code Apropos -- "ange-ftp"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2272
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2273 ange-ftp (3.112) 91-08-12
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2274 Andy Norman, <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2275 archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2276 /pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/as-is/ange-ftp.el.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2277 transparent FTP Support for GNU Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2278
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2279 89: Where can I get GNU Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2280
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2281 First, check the Lisp Code Directory to find the name of the package you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2282 are looking for. (See question 88). Then check local archives and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2283 the Emacs Lisp Archive to find a copy of the relevant files. Then, if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2284 you still haven't found it, you can send e-mail to the author asking for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2285 a copy.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2286
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2287 You can access the Emacs Lisp Archive via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2288
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2289 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2290
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2291 Fetch the file README first.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2292
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2293 NOTE: The archive maintainers do not have time to answer individual
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2294 requests for packages or the list of packages in the archive. If you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2295 cannot use FTP or UUCP to access the archive yourself, try to find a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2296 friend who can, but please don't ask the maintainers.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2297
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2298 NOTE: Any files with names ending in `.Z' are compressed, and you should
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2299 use `binary' mode in FTP to retrieve them. You should also use binary
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2300 mode whenever you retrieve any files with names ending in `.elc'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2301
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2302 90: How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2303
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2304 Submissions should be mailed to elisp-archive@cis.ohio-state.edu. The
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2305 lispdir.el package has a function named submit-lcd-entry which will help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2306 you with this. Mail messages (submissions) are automatically saved and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2307 periodically archived. Urgent mail may be sent directly to Dave Sill
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2308 <de5@ornl.gov> or Dave Brennan <brennan@hal.com> or should contain the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2309 string `urgent' in the subject. The incoming ftp directory is no longer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2310 available at the request of Ohio State. {Is this still true?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2311
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2312 However, if someone has a submission with multiple files (which would be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2313 archived as a tar file) or binary files, then FTP transfer is preferred
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2314 and can be arranged via an anonymous FTP site. This is faster than
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2315 uudecoding, unsharing, etc., and re-packaging files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2316
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2317 Before submitting anything, please read the file guidelines.Z, which is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2318 available in the archive. Whenever possible, submissions should contain a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2319 complete LCD entry since this helps reduce administrative overhead for the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2320 maintainers. You can include an entry in this format:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2321
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2322 ;; LCD Archive Entry:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2323 ;; package name|author's name|email address
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2324 ;; |description
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2325 ;; |date|version|archive path
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2326
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2327 For example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2328
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2329 ;; LCD Archive Entry:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2330 ;; tex-complete|Sebastian Kremer|sk@thp.Uni-Koeln.DE
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2331 ;; |Minibuffer name completion for editing [La]TeX.
8958
24e6be28b6ea *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 3591
diff changeset
2332 ;; |91-03-26|$Revision: 1.5 $|~/packages/tex-complete.el.Z !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2333
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2334 Dave Brennan has software which automatically looks for data in this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2335 format. The format is fairly flexible. The entry ends when a line is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2336 reached with a different prefix or the seventh field terminator is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2337 seen.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2338
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2339 If you are submitting a multi-file submission you should include a file
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2340 named "LCD-entry" which contains the archive entry, instead of placing
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2341 it in one or more of the individual files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2342
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2343 91: Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2344
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2345 The most up-to-date official GNU stuff is normally kept on prep.ai.mit.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2346 and is available for anonymous FTP in the pub/gnu directory. See the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2347 files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for more information. (To get copies of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2348 these files, see question 20.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2349
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2350 The following sites are all mirror images of the GNU distribution area:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2351
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2352 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2353 /ftp.uu.net:packages/gnu/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2354 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/ (available via FTP, NIFTP, FTAM)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2355 /ftp.win.tue.nl:pub/gnu/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2356 /utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:ftpsync/prep/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2357 /nic.funet.fi:pub/gnu/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2358
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2359 The directory at ftp.uu.net is a mirror of prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2360 except that files larger than 1 megabyte {right?} are automatically
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2361 split into multiple parts. If you have trouble transferring large
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2362 files, you should try here. A file normally named `XXX' is split into
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2363 files XXX-split/part[0-9][0-9], and there will be a file named
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2364 XXX-split/README which contains the list of parts (especially helpful
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2365 when FTP-ing by e-mail), their checksums, and reassembly instructions.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2366 Some of the other mirror sites may have the same property. {Can someone
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2367 check this out? Thanks!}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2368
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2369 Information was provided by Lee McLoughlin <lmjm@doc.ic.ac.uk>, Jonathan
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2370 R. Ferro <jf41+@ANDREW.CMU.EDU>, Arjan de Vet <devet@win.tue.nl>, and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2371 Simon Marshall <S.Marshall@sequent.cc.hull.ac.uk>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2372
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2373 92: Where can I get an Emacs with better mouse and X window support?
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2374
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2375 Emacs 18 has some limited X Window System support, but there are
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2376 problems. Emacs 19 will have amazing mouse and window support. Right
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2377 now, there are Epoch which is derived from GNU Emacs 18.58 and Lucid GNU
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2378 Emacs which is derived from an early unreleased version of GNU Emacs 19,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2379 both of which have greatly improved mouse and window support. See
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2380 questions 120 and 121.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2381
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2382 The HP unofficial GNU Emacs also has nice mouse support. See question
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2383 95.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2384
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2385 There are numerous Emacs Lisp packages that have been written to extend
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2386 Emacs 18's mouse handling capabilities. Some of these packages also have
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2387 patches to the C code to provide enhanced capabilities. Look up `mouse'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2388 in the Lisp Code Directory (see question 88).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2389
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2390 There is a package called BAM (Born Again Menus) which provides menus for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2391 GNU Emacs via an external C program. It does not provide mouse support in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2392 the Emacs window such as scrollbars, cut-and-paste, etc.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2393
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2394 NOTE: Epoch only works with the X Window System; it works on ordinary
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2395 terminals by invoking regular GNU Emacs. Lucid Emacs does not currently
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2396 work on ordinary terminals, although there are plans to fix this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2397
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2398 93: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and Epoch?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2399
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2400 Marc Andreessen <marca@ncsa.uiuc.edu> writes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2401
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2402 Epoch is GNU Emacs on steroids: an adaptation of GNU Emacs with lots of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2403 additional support for features made possible by the X11 windowing
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2404 system. These features include multiple editing windows, arbitrary
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2405 colors and fonts (fixed-width and proportional), selectable zones per
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2406 buffer with arbitrary display styles (font, color, underline, stipple,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2407 pixmap), an optional separate minibuffer window, improved keyboard and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2408 mouse handling, full 8-bit character set support, and more.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2409
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2410 94: What is the difference between GNU Emacs and Lucid GNU Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2411
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2412 This information is condensed from the release notice:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2413
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2414 Lucid GNU Emacs is based on an early version of GNU Emacs version 19
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2415 with many enhancements. It currently requires X Windows to run. For
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2416 information on where to get Lucid GNU Emacs see 121. X Windows support
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2417 is greatly enhanced over GNU Emacs version 18, including support for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2418 multiple X Windows (a.k.a. screens in Emacs), Zmacs/Lispm style region
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2419 highlighting, a customizable, Motif-like menubar, more powerful keymap
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2420 support (allowing different actions to be associated with Backspace,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2421 Control-h, etc.), flexible text attribute (e.g. font, color) support on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2422 regional and screen-local basis through X resources and/or lisp, and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2423 support for the X11 selection mechanism. Some other features include
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2424 run-time computation of the load-path, support for floating point
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2425 numbers, native timer support, and sound file support on Sun
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2426 SPARCstations. To build Lucid GNU Emacs, an ANSI C compiler (e.g. gcc)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2427 is required.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2428
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2429 95: Where can I get the "unofficial HP GNU Emacs"?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2430
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2431 The unofficial HP GNU Emacs is available via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2432
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2433 /ee.utah.edu:HUGE/ (PLEASE FTP DURING NON-WORK HOURS!!!)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2434
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2435 and takes about 35 megabytes of disk space to build. It is useful for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2436 non-HP machines, but some of the added features will only work under
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2437 HP-UX.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2438
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2439 You will need to get patches to work with HP-UX 8.0 or on 700 series
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2440 machines via e-mail from Darryl Okahata <darrylo@sr.hp.com>.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2441
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2442 96: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2443
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2444 * Demacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2445
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2446 For 386 or 486 PCs running MS-DOS, there is a version of GNU Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2447 called Demacs. To get Demacs see question 122.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2448
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2449 From the announcement message:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2450
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2451 Demacs is almost a full set of GNU Emacs but does not support some
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2452 features: asynchronous process, locking a file, etc.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2453
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2454 Demacs provides following DOS specific features:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2455
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2456 * File type: text or binary file translation.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2457 * "8-bit clean" display mode.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2458 * 8086 software interrupt call by int86 lisp function.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2459 * Machine specific features such as function key support.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2460 * File name completion with drive name.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2461 * Child process (suspend-emacs, call-process).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2462 * Enhanced dired mode which can work without 'ls.exe'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2463
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2464 To our regret `shell-mode' does not work, but `compile' command works
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2465 properly.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2466
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2467 Demacs was developed using an MS-DOS version of gcc called djgpp by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2468 D. J. Delorie <dj@ctron.com> which can compile and run large programs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2469 under MS-DOS, but not under MS Windows. Demacs was derived from Nemacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2470 rather than straight from GNU Emacs.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2471
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2472 There are a variety of other Emacses for MS-DOS including among them the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2473 following.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2474
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2475 * Freemacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2476
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2477 Russ Nelson <nelson@sun.soe.clarkson.edu>, the author, describes
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2478 Freemacs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2479
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2480 * Freemacs is free, and it was designed from the start to be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2481 programmable.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2482 * Freemacs is the only IBM-PC editor that tries to be like GNU Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2483 * Freemacs can only edit files less than 64K in length.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2484 * Freemacs doesn't have undo.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2485
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2486 Carl Witty <cwitty@cs.stanford.edu> reviews Freemacs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2487
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2488 Better is Freemacs, which follows the tradition of ITS and GNU Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2489 by having an full, turing-complete extension language which is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2490 incompatible with everything else. In fact, it's even closer to ITS
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2491 Emacs than GNU Emacs is, because Mint (Freemacs' extension language)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2492 is absolutely illegible without weeks of study, much like TECO.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2493
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2494 To get Freemacs see question 123.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2495
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2496 * MicroEmacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2497
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2498 MicroEmacs is a descendant of Microemacs {originally by Dave Conroy?}.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2499 It is programmable in a BASIC-like language. Many of the keybindings
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2500 are different from GNU Emacs. The author is Daniel Lawrence -
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2501 <dan@mdbs.uucp, mdbs!dan@ee.ecn.purdue.edu>. The latest version is 3.12 !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2502 and it is available via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2503
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2504 /midas.mgmt.purdue.edu:dist/uemacs312/ (outside business hours) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2505 !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2506 Version 3.12 includes Windows and Windows NT versions and a DOS !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2507 protected mode (DMPI) version. !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2508
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2509 * JOVE
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2510
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2511 Another Emacs for small machines is JOVE (Jonathan's Own Version of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2512 Emacs). The latest official version is 4.14. There appears to be a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2513 newer version. People rumored to be working on JOVE include Mark Moraes
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2514 <moraes@cs.toronto.edu> and Bill Marsh <bmarsh@cod.nosc.mil>. It is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2515 available via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2516
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2517 /cs.toronto.edu:/pub/moraes/jove4.14.7.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2518
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2519 * MG
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2520
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2521 MG is another descendant of Microemacs. MG used to stand for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2522 MicroGNUEmacs, but now just stands for MG. The look-and-feel of MG is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2523 intended to be close to that of GNU Emacs. It is rumored that MG can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2524 not correctly edit files larger than memory. The current version is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2525 rumored to be 2. There is a version 3 in beta which works on the Amiga.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2526 It is also available via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2527
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2528 /ftp.white.toronto.edu:pub/mg/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2529 /wuarchive.wustl.edu:/mirrors/unix-c/editors/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2530 /procyon.cis.ksu.edu: (source and executable)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2531
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2532 97: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running Windows?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2533
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2534 I believe that no version of GNU Emacs runs under Windows. Pierre Perret
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2535 <pap@myths.az05.bull.com> has ported MicroEMACS 3.11c to Windows.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2536
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2537 Anonymous FTP:
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2538 /ftp.cica.indiana.edu:pub/pc/win3/util/mewin10.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2539 /ftp.cica.indiana.edu:pub/pc/win3/util/mewin10s.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2540 /ftp.cica.indiana.edu:pub/pc/win3/util/mewri.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2541
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2542 98: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2543
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2544 From the OS/2 Programmer's FAQ:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2545
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2546 GNU Emacs 18.58 is available. It requires you to have EMX installed
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2547 on your machine, but it comes with all the EMX files you will need.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2548 Emacs is available on ftp-os2 in /pub/os2/2.0/gnu/emacs. (If you want
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2549 to recompile emacs, you will need the full EMX distribution see
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2550 question 1.2.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2551
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2552 The above quote may be out of date. See the latest OS/2 Programmer's FAQ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2553 {perhaps in comp.os.os2.misc?} for the latest news. Anonymous FTP info:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2554
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2555 /ftp-os2.nmsu.edu:pub/os2/2.0/gnu/emacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2556 ("ftp-os2" was formerly named "hobbes")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2557
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2558 Thanks go to Stephen Simpson <simpson@symcom.math.uiuc.edu>, Jonathan
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2559 Miller <jem+@andrew.cmu.edu>, Terry Kane <terryk@cc.gatech.edu>, J. D.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2560 Baldwin <baldwin@csservera.usna.navy.mil>, and Ken Bass
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2561 <kbass@gmuvax2.gmu.edu>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2562
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2563 99: Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2564
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2565 Emacs 18.57 is the latest version for TOS. Stefan Mueller-Pfeiffer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2566 <iff327@zam001.zam.kfa-juelich.de> says:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2567
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2568 There is also a version for MiNT, the multitasking enhancement for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2569 ATARI's TOS, which behaves almost like EMACS on a "real computer". This
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2570 port was done by Erling Henanger <erlingh@idt.unit.no>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2571
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2572 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2573 /atari.archive.umich.edu:atari/gnustuff/tos/ (TOS Emacs 18.57)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2574 /atari.archive.umich.edu:atari/new/mntemacs.zoo (MiNT Emacs)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2575 /cs.uni-sb.de:/pub/atari/emacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2576
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2577 100: Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2578
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2579 All of the files are lharc-ed.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2580
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2581 Anonymous FTP:
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2582 /oes.orst.edu:/pub/almanac/comp/amiga/software/gnuemacs-1.10/
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2583
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2584 Via e-mail:
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2585 To: almanac@oes.orst.edu
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2586 body:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2587 mode uuencode
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2588 send computer amiga software gnuemacs <file>
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2589 <file> is replaced by one of the following:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2590 Required: d1.lzh d2.lzh
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2591 Recommended: d3_info.lzh d3_infolisp.lzh
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2592 Optional: d3_autoloaded.lzh d3_entertainmentetc.lzh
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2593 d3_entertainmentlisp.lzh d4_src.lzh d5_languagelisp.lzh
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2594 d5_viclone.lzh d6_gnulibsrc.lzh d6_mailpackage.lzh
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2595 d6_mathpackage.lzh d6_misc.lzh d6_textformat.lzh
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2596 The `d#' at the beginning of each file is its disk number, which is
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2597 referred to by the documentation.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2598
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2599 101: Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2600
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2601 The FSF is a participant in a boycott of Apple because of Apple's "look
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2602 and feel" copyright suits. See the file etc/APPLE for more details.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2603 Because of this boycott, the FSF doesn't include support in GNU software
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2604 for Apple computers such as the Macintosh.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2605
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2606 Please don't help people port or develop software for Apple computers.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2607
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2608 102: Where can I get Emacs with NeWS support?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2609
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2610 Chris Maio's NeWS support package for GNU Emacs is available via anonymous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2611 FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2612
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2613 /columbia.edu:pub/ps-emacs.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2614 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/ps-emacs.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2615
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2616 and via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2617
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2618 To: archive-server@columbia.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2619 body: send NeWS emacs-support
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2620
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2621 103: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2622
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2623 Hal R. Brand <BRAND@addvax.llnl.gov> is said to have a VMS save set with a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2624 ready-to-run VMS version of Emacs 18.55 for X Windows. It is available
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2625 via anonymous FTP (addvax.llnl.gov). It is possible that the VMS versions
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2626 of Emacs at other sites have X support compiled in. See etc/FTP for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2627 locations.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2628
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2629 Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> writes:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2630
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2631 Getting Emacs to run on VMS with DECwindows requires a number of changes
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2632 to the sources. Fortunately this has been done already. Joshua Marantz
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2633 <josh@viewlogic.com> did most of the work for Emacs 18.52, and the mods
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2634 were ported to 18.55 by Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl>. Also included is the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2635 handling of DEC's LK201 keyboard. You need to apply the changes to a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2636 fresh Emacs 18.55 distribution on a Unix system, and then you can copy
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2637 the sources to VMS to perform the compile/link/build.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2638
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2639 The set of changes have been posted a number of times three times the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2640 last 12 months, so they should be widely available.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
2641
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2642 Richard Levitte <levitte@e.kth.se> tells us that there are patches for
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2643 Emacs 18.57, 18.58, and 18.59 available via e-mail: !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2644
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2645 To: EMACS-FILESERV@e.kth.se !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2646 body: SEND EMACS-1857-PATCHES
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2647 or: SEND EMACS-1858-PATCHES
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2648 or: SEND EMACS-1859-PATCHES +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2649 +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2650 or via anonymous ftp at: +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2651 +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2652 /lucy.merrimack.edu:emacs-1859-patches.share +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2653 +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2654 The set of patches weighs in at around 2.7 MB. +
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2655
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2656 104: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne Shell, Csh, C++,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2657 Objective C, Pascal, Awk?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2658
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2659 As usual, look in the Lisp Code Directory (see question 88). For C++,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2660 if you use lisp-dir-apropos, you must specify the pattern like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2661
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2662 M-x lisp-dir-apropos RET c\+\+ RET
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2663
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2664 105: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2665
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2666 If you are at a site with a deficient nameserver, you may need to know
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2667 the IP address of a host to FTP files from it. You can get this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2668 information in two ways:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2669
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2670 * By telnet:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2671
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2672 telnet nic.ddn.mil hostnames (or `telnet 192.112.36.5 101')
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2673 hname XXX.YYY.ZZZ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2674
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2675 * By e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2676
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2677 To: service@nic.ddn.mil
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2678 Subject: host XXX.YYY.ZZZ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2679 or: whois XXX.YYY.ZZZ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2680 or: help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2681
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2682 or:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2683
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2684 To: resolve@cs.widener.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2685 body: site XXX.YYY.ZZZ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2686
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2687 Information from Brendan Kehoe <brendan@cs.widener.edu>.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2688
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2689
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2690
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2691
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2692 Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
2693
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2694 This section lists version numbers, FTP sites, mailing lists, newsgroups,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2695 and other information for many important packages, extensions, and related
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2696 programs. There is some overlap with the Lisp Code Directory, but these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2697 entries give more detailed information.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2698
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2699 If you know of any other packages that are so substantial that they
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2700 deserve to be mentioned here, please tell me. Having its own mailing list
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2701 or newsgroup or more than half a megabyte of source code are good signs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2702
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2703 106: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2704
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2705 Author: Kyle Jones <kyle@uunet.uu.net>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2706 Latest released version: 4.41
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2707 Beta test version: 5.32
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2708 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2709 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/vm-4.41.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2710 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/as-is/timer.shar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2711 /ftp.uu.net:mail/vm-4.41.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2712 /ftp.uu.net:mail/vm-5.32beta.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2713 Newsgroups and mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2714 Info-VM:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2715 gnu.emacs.vm.info
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2716 info-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2717 info-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2718 Bug-VM:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2719 gnu.emacs.vm.bug
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2720 bug-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2721 bug-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2722
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2723 107: Supercite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2724
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2725 Author: Barry Warsaw <bwarsaw@cen.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2726 Mailing list: supercite-request@anthem.nlm.nih.gov (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2727 supercite@anthem.nlm.nih.gov (for submissions)
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2728 Latest version: 2.3 !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2729 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2730 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/sc-2.3.tar.Z !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2731 /ftp.cme.nist.gov:pub/gnu/sc2.3.tar.Z !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2732 Via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2733 To: library@cme.nist.gov
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2734 Subject: help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2735 NOTE: Superyank is an old version of Supercite.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2737 108: GNUS -- news reader within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2738
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2739 Author: Masanobu Umeda <umerin@mse.kyutech.ac.jp>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2740 Latest official version: 3.13
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2741 Unofficial test version: 3.14.1
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2742 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2743 /aun.uninett.no:pub/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z -
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2744 /wnoc-fuk.wide.ad.jp:pub/GNU/etc/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2745 /liasun3.epfl.ch:pub/gnu/emacs/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2746 /aix370.rrz.uni-koeln.de:/pub/gnu/emacs/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2747 /funet.fi:/networking/news/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2748 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:/gnu/EmacsBits/gnus/gnus-3.14.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2749 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/gnus-3.13.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2750 Newsgroups and mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2751 English-only:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2752 gnu.emacs.gnus
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2753 info-gnus-english-request@cis.ohio-state.edu (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2754 info-gnus-english@cis.ohio-state.edu (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2755 Japanese (and some English):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2756 info-gnus-request@flab.fujitsu.co.jp (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2757 info-gnus@flab.fujitsu.co.jp (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2758
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2759 109: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2760
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2761 Author: Dave Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2762 Latest released version: 2.02
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2763 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2764 /csvax.cs.caltech.edu:pub/calc-2.02.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2765 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/calc-2.02.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2766 NOTE: Unlike Wolfram Research, Dave has never threatened to sue anyone
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2767 for having a program with a similar command language to Calc. :-)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2768
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2769 110: Calendar/Diary -- calendar manager within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2770
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2771 Author: Edward M. Reingold <reingold@cs.uiuc.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2772 Latest version: 4.02
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2773 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2774 /emr.cs.uiuc.edu:pub/emacs/calendar {???}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2775 Via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2776 To: reingold@cs.uiuc.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2777 Subject: send-emacs-cal
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2778 Put your best internet e-mail address in the body.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2779
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2780 111: Ange-FTP -- transparent FTP access for Emacs's file access routines
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2781
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2782 Author: Andy Norman <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2783 Latest official version: 4.20
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2784 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2785 /alpha.gnu.ai.mit.edu:ange-ftp/ange-ftp.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2786 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/ange-ftp.tar.Z
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2787 /ugle.unit.no:pub/gnu/emacs-lisp/ange-ftp.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2788 Mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2789 ange-ftp-lovers-request@anorman.hpl.hp.com (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2790 Ange-FTP Lovers:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2791 ange-ftp-lovers@anorman.hpl.hp.com (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2792 /ftp.reed.edu:pub/mailing-lists/ange-ftp/ (archives)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2793 Ange-FTP Announcements:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2794 ange-ftp-lovers-announce@anorman.hpl.hp.com
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2795 NOTE: now with support for accessing VMS, CMS, and MTS systems
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2796
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2797 112: VIP -- vi emulation for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2798
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2799 Author: Aamod Sane <sane@cs.uiuc.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2800 Latest released version: 4.3
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2801 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2802 /cs.uiuc.edu:pub/vip4.3.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2803 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2804 NOTE: This version much more closely emulates vi than the one
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2805 distributed with Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2806
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2807 113: Dired -- better directory editor for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2808
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2809 Author: Sebastian Kremer <sk@thp.uni-koeln.de>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2810 Latest released version: 5.239
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2811 Anonymous FTP: /ftp.cs.buffalo.edu:pub/Emacs/diredall.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2812 /ftp.uni-koeln.de:pub/gnu/emacs/diredall.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2813 NOTE: This is a huge improvement over the Dired distributed with Emacs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2814 This version will be in Emacs 19.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2815
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2816 114: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2817
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2818 Author: Kresten Krab Thorup <krab@iesd.auc.dk>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2819 Latest released version: 6.1 {???}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2820 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2821 /iesd.auc.dk:pub/emacs-lisp/auctex_6_1d.tar.Z
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2822 /iesd.auc.dk:pub/emacs-lisp/auctex.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2823 Mailing list:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2824 auc-tex-request@iesd.auc.dk (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2825 auc-tex@iesd.auc.dk (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2826 auc-tex_mgr@iesd.auc.dk (auc-tex development team)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2827
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2828 115: Hyperbole -- extensible hypertext management system within Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2829
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2830 Author: Bob Weiner <rsw@cs.brown.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2831 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2832 /wilma.cs.brown.edu:pub/hyperbole/ h*.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2833 Mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2834 hyperbole-announce -- Hyperbole release announcements only.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2835 Subscriptions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2836 To: hyperbole-request@cs.brown.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2837 Subject: Add <mailbox@domain.name> to hyperbole-announce
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2838 hyperbole -- Hyperbole discussion.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2839 Subscriptions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2840 To: hyperbole-request@cs.brown.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2841 Subject: Add <mailbox@domain.name> to hyperbole
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2842 Submissions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2843 hyperbole@cs.brown.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2844 NOTE: Any member of the hyperbole mailing list is automatically a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2845 member of the hyperbole-announce mailing list.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2846 NOTE: No .UUCP or ! addresses are allowed on these mailing lists.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2847
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2848 116: Byte Compiler -- enhanced version of Emacs's byte compiler
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2849
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2850 Author: Jamie Zawinski <jwz@lucid.com>,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2851 Hallvard B. Furuseth <hallvard@ifi.uio.no>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2852 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2853 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/bytecomp.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2854 /ftp.uu.net:languages/elisp/packages/bytecomp.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2855 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/EmacsBits/elisp-archive/packages/bytecomp.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2856
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2857 117: comint -- hugely enhanced shell mode and other derived modes
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2858
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2859 Author: Olin Shivers <Olin.Shivers@cs.cmu.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2860 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2861 /cs.cmu.edu:/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/shivers/lib/emacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2862 {comint,cmu{tex,shell,scheme,lisp},ml}.el
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2863 (anonymous password must contain `@',
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2864 cannot cd to intermediate directories)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2865
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2866 118: BBDB -- personal info rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2867
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2868 Author: Jamie Zawinski <jwz@lucid.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2869 Latest released version: 1.47
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2870 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2871 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/bbdb.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2872 Mailing list:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2873 info-bbdb-request@lucid.com (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2874 info-bbdb@lucid.com
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2875 bbdb-announce-request@lucid.com (to be informed of new releases)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2876 Note: BBDB does not work with VM 4. It does work with VM 5, RMAIL, GNUS,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2877 and MH-E.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2878
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2879 119: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2880
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2881 Author: Geoff Kuenning <geoff@itcorp.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2882 Latest released version: 2.0.02
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2883 Beta test version: 3.0 (9 patches)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2884 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2885 /archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:/pub/gnu/ispell/ (version 2.0.02)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2886 /ftp.cs.ucla.edu:/pub/ispell/ (version 3.0, patches, dictionaries)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2887 /argus.math.orst.edu:pub/ispell/ (version 3.0, patches, dictionaries)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2888 /ftp.th-darmstadt.de:pub/dicts/ispell/ (mirror of argus)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2889 NOTE: Do not send mail to Geoff asking him to send you the latest
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2890 version of Ispell. He does not have free e-mail.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2891
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2892 120: Epoch -- enhanced GNU Emacs with better X interface
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2893
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2894 Latest released version: 4.2
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2895 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2896 /cs.uiuc.edu:pub/epoch-files/epoch/epoch-4.2.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2897 /cs.uiuc.edu:pub/epoch-files/epoch/epoch-diff-4.1-4.2.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2898 /src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu/epoch/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2899 /aix370.rrz.uni-koeln.de:gnu/emacs/epoch/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2900 Newsgroup and mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2901 Epoch:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2902 gnu.emacs.epoch
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2903 epoch-request@cs.uiuc.edu (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2904 epoch@cs.uiuc.edu (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2905 Epoch-Design:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2906 epoch-design-request@cs.uiuc.edu (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2907 epoch-design@cs.uiuc.edu (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2908 FAQ list:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2909 Maintainer: Marc Andreessen <marca@ncsa.uiuc.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2910 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2911 /rtfm.mit.edu:pub/usenet/news.answers/epoch-faq
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2912 /ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu:outgoing/marca/epoch/Epoch.FAQ
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2913
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2914 121: Lucid GNU Emacs -- alternative Emacs 19 with better X interface
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2915
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2916 Primary Maintainer: Jamie Zawinski <jwz@lucid.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2917 Other Developers: Eric Benson <eb@lucid.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2918 Matthieu Devin <devin@lucid.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2919 Harlan Sexton <hbs@lucid.com>
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2920 Latest released version: 19.6 !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2921 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2922 /labrea.stanford.edu:pub/gnu/lucid/lemacs-19.6.tar.Z (source) !
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2923 /labrea.stanford.edu:pub/gnu/lucid/lemacs-19.6-sun4.tar.Z (Sun4binaries) !
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2924 Newsgroup and mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2925 Bugs:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2926 alt.lucid-emacs.bug +
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2927 bug-lucid-emacs-request@lucid.com (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2928 bug-lucid-emacs@lucid.com (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2929 Help:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
2930 alt.lucid-emacs.help +
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2931 help-lucid-emacs-request@lucid.com (for subscriptions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2932 help-lucid-emacs@lucid.com (for submissions)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2933
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2934 122: Demacs -- GNU Emacs altered to run on MS-DOS on 386/486 machines
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2935
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2936 Authors: Manabu Higashida <manabu@sigmath.osaka-u.ac.jp>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2937 HIRANO Satoshi <hirano@tkl.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2938 Latest released version: 1.2.0
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2939 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2940 /utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:GNU/demacs/ (nearest to U.S.A.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2941 /ftp.sigmath.osaka-u.ac.jp:pub/Msdos/Demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2942 /wnoc-fuk.wide.ad.jp:pub/msdos/Demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2943 /ftp.3com.com:pub/gnu/msdos/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2944 /mindseye.berkeley.edu:pub/kanji/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2945 /ftp.hawaii.edu:pub/editors/demacs.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2946 /ftp.math.ksu.edu:pub/pc/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2947 /wsmr-simtel20.army.mil:pd1:<msdos.demacs> {ange-ftp syntax?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2948 /ftp.uni-koeln.de:msdos/gnuprogs/dem120e.zip (executables, lisp-code, doc)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2949 (PLEASE USE ONLY OUTSIDE WORKING HOURS!)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2950 /ftp.uni-koeln.de:msdos/gnuprogs/dem120s.zip (sources, diffs)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2951 (PLEASE USE ONLY OUTSIDE WORKING HOURS!)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2952 /ftp.lysator.liu.se:pub/msdos/gnu/emacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2953 /mizar.docs.uu.se:pub/gnu/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2954 /iamsun.unibe.ch:PC/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2955 /flop.informatik.tu-muenchen.de:outgoing/demacs.tar
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2956 /ftp.funet.fi:pub/gnu/emacs/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2957 /garbo.uwasa.fi:pc/editor/dem120e.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2958 /garbo.uwasa.fi:pc/editor/dem120s.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2959 /ftp.win.tue.nl:pub/gnu/demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2960 /ugle.unit.no:pub/gnu/Demacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2961 {Does anyone know which sites have the Kanji version?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2962 Via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2963 From garbo.uwasa.fi:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2964 To: mailserv@garbo.uwasa.fi
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2965 Subject: garbo-request
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2966 Body: send pc/editor/dem120e.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2967 send pc/editor/dem120s.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2968 quit
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2969 Downloading:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2970 EXEC-PC (Milwaukee, WI) 414-789-4210 (2400 bps)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2971 in the Mahoney MS-DOS file area in its Editors/wordprocessors
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2972 library (F), named GNUEMACS.ZIP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2973 Channel 1 (Cambridge, MA) 617-345-8873 (9600 bps)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2974 in the New Uploads file area, named GNUEMACS.ZIP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2975 NOTE: Use the -d option of [pk]unzip for all .zip archives. Some sites
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2976 have Demacs lharc'ed. If you need to find programs to unpack lharc and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2977 zip format archives, Chris Dean <ctdean@talaris.com> points out that you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2978 should see the comp.compression FAQ, available for FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2979 /rtfm.mit.edu:pub/usenet/comp.compression/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2980 Mailing list:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2981 NOTE: There is no mailing list for Demacs. However, there is a list
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2982 for DJGPP, which is the environment that Demacs runs in. Many
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2983 Demacs problems are actually issues with DJGPP.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2984 DJGPP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2985 Subscriptions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2986 To: listserv@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2987 body: add <your-address> djgpp
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2988 or put `help' in the body.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2989 If this fails, mail to djgpp-request@sun.soe.clarkson.edu.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2990 Submissions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2991 djgpp@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2992 FAQ list:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2993 Maintainer: Dave Steibel <steibel@cs.umbc.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2994 Anonymous FTP: algol.cs.umbc.edu:pub/demacs/demacs.faq
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2995
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2996 123: Freemacs -- a small Emacs for MS-DOS
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2997
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2998 Author: Russ Nelson <nelson@sun.soe.clarkson.edu>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
2999 Latest released version: 1.6a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3000 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3001 /simtel20.army.mil:PD:<MSDOS.FREEMACS> {ange-ftp syntax?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3002 /grape.ecs.clarkson.edu:pub/msdos/freemacs/
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3003 Via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3004 To: archive-server@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3005 body: help
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3006 Via snail mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3007 address: Russell Nelson, 11 Grant St., Potsdam, NY 13676
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3008 Send $15 copying fee, and specify preferred floppy disk format:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3009 5.25", 360K, or 3.50", 720K
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3010 Mailing lists:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3011 Subscriptions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3012 To: listserv@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3013 body: add <your-address> <name-of-list>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3014 or put `help' in the body.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3015 List distribution addresses:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3016 freemacs-announce@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3017 freemacs-help@sun.soe.clarkson.edu
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3018 freemacs-workers@sun.soe.clarkson.edu (send bug reports here)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3019
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3020 124: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3021
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3022 Author: Larry Wall <lwall@netlabs.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3023 Latest version: 2.0 patchlevel 12u8
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3024 (This is the version that supports the new unified diff format.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3025 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3026 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/patch-2.0.12u8.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3027 /prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/patch-2.0.12g8.tar.Z (GNU version)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3028
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3029
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3030
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3031 GNU Emacs FAQ: Keybindings/Output
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3032
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3033 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x $" to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3034 get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look at the text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3035 of the answers, just type "C-x $".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3036
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3037 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a C-r if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3038 that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3039
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3040 A `+' in the 78th column means something was inserted on the line. A `-' means
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3041 something was deleted and a `!' means some combination of insertions and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3042 deletions occurred.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3043
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3044 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also see the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3045 `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers' newsgroup, or send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3046 e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on a body line, or use FTP,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3047 WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3048
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3049
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3050
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3051 Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3052
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3053 125: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3054
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3055 1. Find out what character sequence is generated by the keystroke sequence
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3056 you wish to bind to a command. See question 129 for how to do this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3057 Keep in mind that the character sequences generated by a keystroke
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3058 sequence varies from one terminal to another. You may also get
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3059 different results depending on what type of machine you are running on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3060 (see question 128). For example, these keystrokes may generate these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3061 character sequences:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3062
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3063 F1 ---> ESC [ 2 2 4 z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3064 Shift-R10 ---> ESC O t
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3065 L7 ---> ESC [ 3 1 ~
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3066 Remove ---> C-@
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3067
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3068 2. Figure out what the Emacs Lisp syntax is for this character sequence.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3069 Inside an Emacs Lisp string, RET, LFD, DEL, ESC, SPC, and TAB are
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3070 specified with `\r', `\n', `\C-?', `\e', ` ', and `\t'. C-x is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3071 specified by `\C-x'. M-x is specified the same was as "ESC x".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3072 (Control characters may also be specified as themselves, but I don't
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3073 recommend it.) An Emacs Lisp string begins and ends with the double
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3074 quote character, `"'. Here are some examples:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3075
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3076 ESC [ D ---> "\e[D"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3077 ESC [ 2 2 7 z ---> "\e[227z"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3078 ESC [ 1 8 ~ ---> "\e[18~"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3079 C-M-r ---> "\e\C-r"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3080
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3081 3. If some prefix of the character sequence is already bound, you must
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3082 unbind it by binding it to `nil'. For example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3083
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3084 (global-set-key "\e[" nil)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3085
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3086 4. Pick a command to bind your key sequence to. A command can be a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3087 "symbol" with a function definition, or a "lambda list", or a string
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3088 (which is treated as a macro). For example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3089
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3090 (global-set-key "\e[D" 'backward-char)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3091 (global-set-key "\e[227~" "\exgoto-line\r") ; macro
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3092
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3093 See `Key Bindings' and `Rebinding' in the online manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3094
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3095 In Emacs 19 (including Lucid Emacs), you can bind function key F24 like
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3096 this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3097
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3098 (global-set-key 'f24 'some-command)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3099
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3100 126: Why does Emacs say `Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters'?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3101
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3102 A prefix of the character sequence you were trying to bind was already
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3103 bound. Usually, the sequence is "ESC [", in which case you should
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3104 evaluate this form first:
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3105
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3106 (define-key esc-map "[" nil)
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3107
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3108 NOTE: By default, "ESC [" is bound to backward-paragraph, and if you do
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3109 this you will lose this key binding. For most people, this is not a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3110 problem.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3111
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3112 See question 125.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3113
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3114 127: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3115 .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3116
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3117 This is because you're trying to do something in your .emacs file that
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3118 needs to be postponed until after the terminal/window-system setup code
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3119 is loaded. This is a result of the order in which things are done
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3120 during the startup of Emacs. For more details see question 135.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3121
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3122 In order to postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after the
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3123 terminal/window-system setup, set the value of the variable
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3124 term-setup-hook or window-setup-hook to be a function which does what
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3125 you want.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3126
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3127 See etc/OPTIONS for a complete explanation of what Emacs does every time
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3128 it is started.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3129
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3130 Here is a simple example of how to set term-setup-hook:
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3131
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3132 (setq term-setup-hook
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3133 (function
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3134 (lambda ()
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3135 (cond ((string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3136 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3137 (define-key CSI-map "29~" 'execute-extended-command))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3138 ))))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3139
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3140 128: How do I use function keys under X Windows?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3141
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3142 This depends on whether you are running Emacs inside a terminal emulator
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3143 window, or whether you are allowing Emacs to create its own X window.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3144 You can tell which you are doing by noticing whether Emacs creates a new
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3145 window when you start it.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3146
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3147 If you are running Emacs inside a terminal emulator window, then it
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3148 behaves exactly as it does on any other tty. In this case, for function
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3149 keys to be useful, they must generate character sequences that are sent
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3150 to the programs running inside the window as input. The `xterm' program
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3151 has two different sets of character sequences that it generates when
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3152 function keys are pressed, depending on the sunFunctionKeys X resource
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3153 and the -sf and +sf command line options. (To find out what these key
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3154 sequences are, see question 129.) In addition, with xterm,
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3155 you can override what key sequence a specific function key (or any other
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3156 key) will generate with the `translations' resource. This, for example:
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3157
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3158 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3159 <KeyPress>F1: string(0x1b) string("[xyzzy")
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3160
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3161 makes the function key F1 generate the character sequence "ESC [xyzzy".
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3162
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3163 On the other hand, if Emacs is managing its own X window, the following
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3164 description applies. Emacs receives `KeyPress' events from the X server
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3165 when a key is pressed while the keyboard focus is in its window. The
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3166 KeyPress event contains an X "keysym" code, which is simply an arbitrary
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3167 number corresponding to the name of the keysym, and information on which
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3168 "modifiers" such as `control' and `shift' are active. For example, the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3169 `Tab' keysym is 0xff09. (Generally, a key on the keyboard will generate a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3170 keysym whose name is the same as the label on the key, ie. the `Tab' key
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3171 will normally generate the `Tab' keysym. This can be changed with the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3172 xmodmap program.) Emacs recognizes all the keysyms that correspond to
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3173 standard ASCII characters and internally uses the ASCII character instead.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3174
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3175 (WARNING: I am about to describe a gross, disgusting hack to you, have
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3176 your barf bag ready.)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3177
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3178 When Emacs receives the X keysym of one of the arrow keys, it behaves
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3179 the same as if it had received a letter key with the control modifier
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3180 down as follows (this is hard-coded):
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3181
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3182 Up becomes C-p
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3183 Down becomes C-n
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3184 Right becomes C-f
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3185 Left becomes C-b
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3186
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3187 The way Emacs treats other keysyms depends on what kind of machine it was
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3188 compiled on. The type of the display machine is irrelevant! Function
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3189 keys are mapped internally to escape sequences, while other keys are
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3190 completely ignored.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3191
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3192 1. If compiled on a Sun, Emacs recognizes these X keysyms that
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3193 are normally on a Sun keyboard:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3194
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3195 F1 through F9
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3196 L1 through L10 (same as F11 through F20)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3197 R1 through R15 (same as F21 through F35)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3198 (The keys labelled R8, R10, R12, and R14 usually are mapped to the
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3199 X keysyms Up, Left, Right, and Down.)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3200 Break (the `Alternate' key is given this keysym)
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3201
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
3202 These keys work like Sun function keys. When Emacs receives the
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3203 keysym, it will internally use character sequences that look like "ESC
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3204 [ ### z", where ### is replaced by a number. The character sequences
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3205 are identical to those generated by Sun's keyboard under SunView. Any
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3206 function key not listed above generates "ESC [ - 1 z".
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3207
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3208 In order to use these key sequences, they should be bound to commands
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3209 using the standard key binding methods, just as if Emacs were running
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3210 on a regular terminal.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3211
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3212 WARNING: F11 and L1 are the same keysym in X, as are F12 and L2, etc.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3213 {Yes, this is stupid. Complain to the X consortium.}
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3214
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3215 2. If not compiled on a Sun, the function keys will appear to Emacs in a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3216 way remarkably similar to the keys of a DEC LK201 keyboard (used on
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3217 some VT series terminals). These X keysyms will be recognized:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3218
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3219 F1 through F20
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3220 Help (treated same as F15)
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3221 Menu (treated same as F16, is the LK201 `Do' key)
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3222 Find
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3223 Insert (LK201 `Insert Here' key)
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3224 Select
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3225 Prior (LK201 `Prev Screen' key *** ONLY IN 18.58 AND LATER ***)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3226 Next (LK201 `Next Screen' key *** ONLY IN 18.58 AND LATER ***)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3227
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3228 And finally, the LK201 key labelled `Remove' (or `Delete') is often
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3229 mapped to the Delete keysym which generates the DEL character (C-?)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3230 instead of the key sequence given by the LK201 `Remove' key. It may
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3231 also be mapped to some other keysym, such as `_Remove', in which case
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3232 you can't use it from within Emacs at all.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3233
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3234 Each function key will be internally converted to a character sequence
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3235 that looks like "ESC [ ## ~", where ## is replaced by a number. The
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3236 character sequences are identical to those generated by a LK201
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3237 keyboard. Any function key not listed above generates "ESC [ - 1 ~".
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3238
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3239 For the complete list of the numbers which are generated by the function
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3240 keys, look in the file src/x11term.c at the definitions of the function
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3241 stringFuncVal.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3242
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3243 If you are running Emacs on a Sun machine, even if your X display is
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3244 running on a non-Sun machine (eg., an X terminal), you get the setup
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3245 described above for Suns. The determining factor is what type of
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3246 machine Emacs is running (was compiled) on, not what type of machine
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3247 your X display is on.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3248
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3249 If you have function keys not listed above on your keyboard, you can use
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3250 `xmodmap' to change their keysym assignments to get keys that Emacs will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3251 recognize, but that may screw up other programs.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3252
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3253 X resources are not used by Emacs to affect the key sequences generated.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3254 In particular, there are no X key "translations" for Emacs.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3255
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3256 If you have function keys not listed above and you don't want to use
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3257 xmodmap to change their names, you might want to make a modification to
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3258 your Emacs. Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> has made available a patch for Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3259 that adds the x-rebind-key function of Epoch to Emacs 18.58. This allows
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3260 another layer of key rebinding before Emacs even sees the keys, and in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3261 this layer you can rebind all of the keys and modifier combinations as
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3262 well.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3263
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3264 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3265 /ftp.eu.net:gnu/emacs/FP-Xfun.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3266 /ftp.urc.tue.nl:pub/tex/emacs/FP-Xfun
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3267
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3268 Johan Vromans explains what this buys for you:
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3269
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3270 After implementing this, all keyboard keys can be configured to send
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3271 user definable sequences, eg.,
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3272
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3273 (x-rebind-key "KP_F1" 0 "\033OP")
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3274
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3275 This will have the keypad key PF1 send the sequence "ESC O P", just like
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3276 an ordinary VT series terminal.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3277
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3278 129: How do I tell what characters my function or arrow keys emit?
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3279
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3280 Use this function by Randal L. Schwartz <merlyn@iwarp.intel.com>:
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3281
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3282 (defun see-chars ()
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3283 "Displays characters typed, terminated by a 3-second timeout."
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3284 (interactive)
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3285 (let ((chars "")
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3286 (inhibit-quit t))
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3287 (message "Enter characters, terminated by 3-second timeout.")
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3288 (while (not (sit-for 3))
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3289 (setq chars (concat chars (list (read-char)))
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3290 quit-flag nil)) ; quit-flag maybe set by C-g
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3291 (message "Characters entered: %s" (key-description chars))))
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3292
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3293 Alternatively, use the "C-h l" view-lossage command, which will display
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3294 the last 100 characters Emacs has seen in its input stream. Kevin
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3295 Gallagher <kgallagh@digi.lonestar.org> suggests typing some unique string
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3296 like "wxyz", typing the key in question, then typing "C-h l". The
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3297 characters that appear between "wxyz" and "C-h l" were generated by the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3298 key.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3299
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3300 130: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3301
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3302 Sorry, you can't; there are no "translations" to be set. Emacs is not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3303 written using the Xt library. The only way to affect the behavior of keys
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3304 within Emacs is through `xmodmap' (outside Emacs) or `define-key' (inside
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3305 Emacs).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3306
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3307 131: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3308
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3309 C-s and C-q are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. This screws
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3310 up Emacs because it binds these characters to commands. Also, by default
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3311 Emacs will not honor them as flow control characters and may overwhelm
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3312 output buffers. Sometimes, intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3313 control will prevent Emacs from ever seeing C-s and C-q.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3314
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3315 Possible solutions:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3316
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3317 * Disable the use of C-s and C-q for flow control.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3318
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3319 You need to determine what is the cause of the flow control.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3320
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3321 * your terminal
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3322
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3323 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3324 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3325 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3326 example, on a VT220 you may select `No XOFF' in the setup menu. This
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3327 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3328
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3329 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3330 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3331 logged in to or at some terminal server in between.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3332
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3333 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3334 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3335 this problem by modifying the `termcap' entry for your terminal to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3336 include extra NUL padding characters.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3337
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3338 * a modem
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3339
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3340 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using XON/XOFF
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3341 flow control. I don't know how to get around this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3342
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3343 * a router or terminal server
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3344
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3345 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3346 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3347 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3348 network experts for help with this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3349
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3350 * tty and/or pty devices
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3351
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3352 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple tty and/or pty
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3353 devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it is not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3354 necessary.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3355
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3356 Eirik Fuller <eirik@theory.tn.cornell.edu> writes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3357
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3358 Some versions of `rlogin' (and possibly telnet) do not pass flow
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3359 control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3360 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow control
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3361 on the local system. Sometimes `rlogin -8' will avoid this problem.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3362
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3363 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3364 (the one running rlogin, not the one running rlogind) using the stty
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3365 command, before starting the rlogin process. On many systems, `stty
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3366 start u stop u' will do this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3367
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3368 Some versions of `tcsh' will prevent even this from working. One
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3369 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3370 and issue the stty command to disable flow control from that shell.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3371
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3372 Use `stty -ixon' instead of `stty start u stop u' on some systems.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3373
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3374 * Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3375
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3376 You can make Emacs treat C-s and C-q as flow control characters by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3377 evaluating this form:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3378
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3379 (set-input-mode nil t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3380
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3381 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your .emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3382 file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the best place to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3383 put it is unclear. I don't know if this has any effect when used in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3384 lisp/site-init.el when building Emacs; I've never tried that. {Can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3385 someone tell me whether it works?} Putting things in users' .emacs files
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3386 has a number of problems.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3387
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3388 Putting this form in lisp/default.el has the problem that if the user's
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3389 .emacs file has an error, this will prevent lisp/default.el from being
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3390 loaded and Emacs may be unusable for the user, even for correcting their
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3391 .emacs file (unless they're smart enough to move it to another name). A
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3392 possible solution is to initially disable C-s and C-q by setting
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3393 keyboard-translate-table in lisp/site-init.el, either with swap-keys
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3394 (see question 136) or with the following form:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3395
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3396 ;; by Roger Crew <crew@cs.stanford.edu>:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3397 (setq keyboard-translate-table
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3398 "\C-@\C-a\C-b\C-c\C-d\C-e\C-f\C-g\C-h\C-i\C-j\C-k\C-l\C-m\C-n\C-o\C-p\C-^\C-r\C-\\\C-t\C-u\C-v\C-w\C-x\C-y\C-z\C-[\C-s\C-]\C-q\C-_")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3399
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3400 This will at least prevent Emacs from being confused by the flow control
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3401 characters, even if lisp/default.el cannot be loaded. Then, in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3402 lisp/default.el, enable XON/XOFF flow control with set-input-mode.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3403
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3404 For further discussion of this issue, read the file PROBLEMS in the
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3405 Emacs distribution.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3406
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3407 132: How do I use commands bound to C-s and C-q (or any key) if these keys
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3408 are filtered out?
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3409
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3410 I suggest swapping C-s with C-\ and C-q with C-^:
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3411
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3412 (swap-keys ?\C-s ?\C-\\)
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3413 (swap-keys ?\C-q ?\C-^)
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3414
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3415 See question 136 for the implementation of swap-keys. This method
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3416 has the advantage that it simultaneously swaps the characters everywhere
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3417 throughout Emacs, while just switching the keybindings will miss important
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3418 places where the character codes are stored (eg., the search-repeat-char
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3419 variable, major mode keymaps, etc.).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3420
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3421 To do this for an entire site, you may want to swap the keys in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3422 lisp/default.el. If only some of your users are connecting through
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3423 XON/XOFF flow-controlled connections, you will want to do this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3424 conditionally. I suggest pre-swapping them in lisp/site-init.el when
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3425 Emacs is built, and then in lisp/default.el, if it is determined to be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3426 safe, they can be reenabled (being careful not to screw up any other key
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3427 mappings users might have established using keyboard-translate-table).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3428 See question 131 for an easy way to pre-swap these keys.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3429
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3430 WARNING: If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3431 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs actually
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3432 behaves.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3433
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3434 133: Why does the `BackSpace' key invoke help?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3435
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3436 The BackSpace key (on every keyboard I've used) generates ASCII code 8.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3437 C-h sends the same code. In Emacs by default C-h invokes help-command.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3438 This is intended to be easy to remember since the first letter of "help"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3439 is "h". The easiest solution to this problem is to use C-h (and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3440 BackSpace) for help and DEL (the Delete key) for deleting the previous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3441 character.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3442
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3443 For many people this solution may be problematic:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3444
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3445 * They normally use BackSpace outside of Emacs for deleting the previous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3446 character typed. This can be solved by making DEL be the command for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3447 deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. This command will do
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3448 this on many Unix systems:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3449
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3450 stty erase '^?'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3451
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3452 * The person may prefer using the BackSpace key for deleting the previous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3453 character because it is more conveniently located on their keyboard or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3454 because they don't even have a separate Delete key. In this case, the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3455 BackSpace key should be made to behave like Delete. There are several
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3456 methods.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3457
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3458 * Under X Windows, the easiest solution is to change the BackSpace key
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3459 into a Delete key like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3460
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3461 xmodmap -e "keysym BackSpace = Delete"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3462
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3463 * Some terminals (eg., VT3## terminals) allow the character generated by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3464 the BackSpace key to be changed from a setup menu.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3465
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3466 * You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3467
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3468 * Under X or on a dumb terminal, it is possible to swap the BackSpace
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3469 and Delete keys inside Emacs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3470
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3471 (swap-keys ?\C-h ?\C-?)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3472
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3473 See question 136 for the implementation of swap-keys.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3474
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3475 * Another approach is to switch keybindings and put help on "C-x h"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3476 instead:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3477
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3478 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3479 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command) ; override mark-whole-buffer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3480
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3481 Other popular key bindings for help are M-? and "C-x ?".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3482
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3483 WARNING: Don't try to bind DEL to help-command, because there are many
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3484 modes that have local bindings of DEL that will interfere.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3485
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3486 134: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3487
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3488 Good question!
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3489
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3490 135: Why don't the arrow keys work?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3491
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3492 When Emacs starts up, it doesn't know anything about arrow keys at all
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3493 (except when running under X, see question 128). During the process of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3494 starting up, Emacs will load a terminal-specific initialization file for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3495 your terminal type (as determined by the environment variable TERM), if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3496 one exists. This file has the responsibility for enabling the arrow keys.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3497
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3498 There are several things that can go wrong:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3499
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3500 1. There is no initialization file for your terminal.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3501
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3502 You can determine this by looking in the lisp/term directory. If your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3503 terminal type (as determined by the TERM environment variable) is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3504 xxx-yy-z, then the first of these files in the lisp/term directory will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3505 be loaded as the terminal-specific initialization file: xxx-yy-z.el,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3506 xxx-yy.el, or xxx.el.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3507
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3508 There are two major cases of this problem:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3509
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3510 * Your terminal type is very similar to one that has an init file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3511
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3512 In this case, there are several techniques suggested by Colin Jensen
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3513 <cjensen@ampex.com>, Ben Liblit <Liblit@cs.psu.edu>, and Marc
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3514 Auslander <marc@watson.ibm.com>:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3515
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3516 A. Add a symbolic link in lisp/term for your terminal type that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3517 points to the similar type. For example, you could make VT102
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3518 terminals work with this command:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3519
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3520 ln -s vt100.el vt102.el
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3521
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3522 This fixes things for everyone on the system who uses the terminal
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3523 type.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3524
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3525 B. If you can't do the solution in part A, you can add code to your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3526 term-setup-hook that loads the correct file like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3527
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3528 (setq term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3529 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3530 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3531 (cond ((equal "vt102" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3532 (load (concat term-file-prefix "vt100")))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3533 (;; Code for other terminal types goes here ...
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3534 )))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3535
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3536 C. If you use `tset' to set your TERM environment variable when you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3537 login, you can use the `-m' switch to tell tset to use a terminal
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3538 type known by Emacs instead of another similar one. For example,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3539 specifying this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3540
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3541 tset ... -m 'dec-vt220:vt220' ...
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3542
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3543 will make tset say you are on a `vt220' instead of a `dec-vt220'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3544
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3545 D. Interactively, you can type "M-x load-library RET term/vt100" to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3546 load the terminal-specific initialization files for VT100
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3547 terminals.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3548
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3549 * Your terminal type is not similar to one that has an init file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3550
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3551 One can be made for your terminal, or you can just add code to your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3552 own .emacs to handle this problem for yourself. For example, if your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3553 terminal's arrow keys send these character sequences:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3554
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3555 Up: ESC [ A
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3556 Down: ESC [ B
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3557 Right: ESC [ C
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3558 Left: ESC [ D
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3559
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3560 then you can bind these keys to the appropriate commands with code in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3561 your .emacs like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3562
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3563 (setq term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3564 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3565 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3566 (cond ((string-match "\\`xyzzy" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3567 ;; First, must unmap the binding for left bracket
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3568 (or (keymapp (lookup-key global-map "\e\["))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3569 (define-key global-map "\e\[" nil))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3570 ;; Enable terminal type xyzzy's arrow keys:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3571 (define-key global-map "\e\[A" 'previous-line)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3572 (define-key global-map "\e\[B" 'next-line)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3573 (define-key global-map "\e\[C" 'forward-char)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3574 (define-key global-map "\e\[D" 'backward-char))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3575 ((string-match "\\`abcde" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3576 ;; Do something different for terminal type abcde
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3577 ;; .....
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3578 )))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3579
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3580 NOTE: You may have to restart Emacs to get changes to take effect.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3581
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3582 NOTE: Your arrow keys may send sequences beginning with "ESC O" when
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3583 Emacs is running, even if they send sequences beginning with "ESC [" at
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3584 all other times. This is because Emacs uses any command there may be
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3585 in your terminal's termcap entry for putting the terminal into
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3586 "Application Keypad Mode". Just map these sequences the same way as
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3587 above.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3588
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3589 The next two cases are problems even if there is a initialization file for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3590 your terminal type.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3591
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3592 2. The initialization file for your terminal doesn't bind arrow keys.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3593
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3594 If your terminal type is `xterm', you will have to bind the arrow keys
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3595 as in part 1 above, since the xterm.el file doesn't do anything useful.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3596 There may be other terminal types with the same problem.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3597
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3598 3. Your terminal's arrow keys send individual control characters.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3599
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3600 For example, the arrow keys on an ADM-3 send C-h, C-j, C-k, and C-l.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3601
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3602 There is not much Emacs can do in this situation, since all the control
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3603 characters except for C-^ and C-\ are already used as Emacs commands.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3604 It may be possible to convince the terminal to send something else when
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3605 you press the arrow keys; it is worth investigating.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3606
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3607 You have to make the hard choices of how to rebind keys to commands to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3608 make things work the way you want. Another alternative is to start
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3609 learning the standard Emacs keybindings for moving point around: C-b,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3610 C-f, C-p, and C-n. Personally, I no longer use the arrow keys when
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3611 editing because I have switched keyboards so many times.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3612
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3613 4. Your terminal's arrow keys send sequences beginning with "ESC [".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3614
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3615 Due to an extremely poor design decision (ie., these sequences are ANSI
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3616 standard), none of the the terminal-specific initialization files that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3617 are distributed with Emacs will bind these character sequences to the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3618 appropriate commands by default. (This also applies to any other
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3619 function keys which generate character sequences starting with "ESC
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3620 [".) This is because it was deemed far more important to preserve the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3621 binding of M-[ to the backward-paragraph command. It appears that this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3622 will change in Emacs 19.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3623
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3624 Some of the terminal-specific initialization files that come with Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3625 provide a command enable-arrow-keys that will fix this problem. To get
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3626 this automatically invoked, put this in your .emacs:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3627
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3628 (setq term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3629 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3630 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3631 (if (fboundp 'enable-arrow-keys) (enable-arrow-keys)))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3632
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3633 We put this in our lisp/default.el file, so users don't have to worry
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3634 about it:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3635
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3636 ;; don't override a user's term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3637 (or term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3638 (setq term-setup-hook
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3639 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3640 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3641 (and (fboundp 'enable-arrow-keys)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3642 ;; don't override a user key mapping
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3643 (eq 'backward-paragraph (lookup-key esc-map "["))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3644 (enable-arrow-keys))))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3645
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3646 If your terminal type is `sun', you should put this in your .emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3647 instead (or in addition to the above):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3648
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3649 (setq sun-esc-bracket t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3650
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3651 It is possible that the terminal-specific initialization file for your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3652 terminal type was written locally and does not follow the rule
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3653 mentioned above. In this case you may need to inspect it to find out
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3654 how to enable the arrow keys. (Actually, if it was written locally, it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3655 probably enables the arrow keys by default.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3656
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3657 136: How do I "swap" two keys?
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3658
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3659 When Emacs receives a character, you can make Emacs behave as though it
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3660 received another character by setting the value of
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3661 keyboard-translate-table. The following Emacs Lisp will do this for you,
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3662 allowing you to "swap" keys. After arranging for this Lisp to be
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3663 evaluated by Emacs, you can evaluate `(swap-keys ?A ?B)' to swap A and B.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3664
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3665 (defun swap-keys (key1 key2)
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3666 "Swap keys KEY1 and KEY2 using map-key."
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3667 (map-key key1 key2)
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3668 (map-key key2 key1))
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
3669
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3670 (defun map-key (from to)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3671 "Make key FROM behave as though key TO was typed instead."
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3672 (setq keyboard-translate-table
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3673 (concat keyboard-translate-table
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3674 (let* ((i (length keyboard-translate-table))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3675 (j from)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3676 (k i)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3677 (str (make-string (max 0 (- j (1- i))) ?X)))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3678 (while (<= k j)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3679 (aset str (- k i) k)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3680 (setq k (1+ k)))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3681 str)))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3682 (aset keyboard-translate-table from to)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3683 (let ((i (1- (length keyboard-translate-table))))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3684 (while (and (>= i 0) (eq (aref keyboard-translate-table i) i))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3685 (setq i (1- i)))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3686 (setq keyboard-translate-table
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3687 (if (eq i -1)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3688 nil
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3689 (substring keyboard-translate-table 0 (1+ i))))))
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3690
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3691 NOTE: You must evaluate the definition of these functions before calling
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3692 them! For example, list the function definitions before their use in your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3693 .emacs file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3694
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3695 NOTE: These functions take two numbers as arguments. The example above,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3696 `(swap-keys ?A ?B)' is actually `(swap-keys 65 66)', because `?A' is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3697 merely notation for 65, the ASCII value of `A'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3698
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3699 NOTE: These functions only work for single characters. You cannot swap
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3700 two multi-character sequences.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3701
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3702 137: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3703
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3704 For C-@ and C-^, often you can just type Control-2 and Control-6. For
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3705 C-_, you may have to hold down the shift key, typing Control-Shift-Hyphen.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3706 C-@ can often be generated by typing Control-Space. C-@ is often called
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3707 the NUL character, and has ASCII value 0. C-_ can often be generated by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3708 typing Control-7 or Control-/. C-? (aka DEL) may be generated by typing
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3709 Shift-BackSpace or Control-BackSpace or a key labelled Delete or Del.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3710
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3711 Try Control with all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3712 generated.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3713
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3714 138: What if I don't have a Meta key?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3715
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3716 Instead of typing M-a, you can type "ESC a" instead. In fact, Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3717 converts M-a internally into "ESC a" anyway (depending on the value of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3718 meta-prefix-char).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3719
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3720 139: What if I don't have an Escape key?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3721
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3722 Type C-[ instead. This should send ASCII code 27 just like an Escape
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3723 key would. Try also C-;.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3724
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3725 140: How do I type DEL on PC terminal emulators?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3726
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3727 Some IBM PC compatibles do not have a key labeled `Del' or `Delete' {is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3728 this true?}. Those that do generally have it in an inconvenient location.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3729 (Also, in some terminal emulators, the `Del' key does not transmit DEL.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3730 The result is the standard "BackSpace invoking help" problem (see question
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3731 133).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3732
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3733 The usual solution, suggested by Michael Covington
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3734 <mcovingt@aisun1.ai.uga.edu>, is to somehow tell the terminal emulator
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3735 program that BackSpace should transmit DEL. Read the program's manual.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3736 Shift-BackSpace or Control-BackSpace may send DEL. The `Del' key may only
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3737 send DEL if the NumLock key hasn't been pressed.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3738
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3739 141: Can I make my `Compose Character' key behave like a Meta key?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3740
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3741 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain VT220
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3742 clones could have their Compose key configured this way. If you're using
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3743 X, you might be able to do this with the `xmodmap' program (this is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3744 what I do).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3745
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3746 142: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3747
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3748 Unless you're using Emacs under emacstool (or xvetool?), have a working
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3749 version of x-rebind-key (see question 128), or are using Emacs 19 (Lucid
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3750 Emacs), you can't do this with Emacs alone.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3751
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3752 If you are using emacstool, Emacs sees different character sequences for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3753 the combination of a modifier and a function key from what it sees for the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3754 function key alone. See etc/emacstool.1 for more information. Since
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3755 Emacs sees different character sequences, you can bind these different
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3756 sequences to different commands.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3757
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3758 If you are running Emacs inside a terminal emulator window like xterm, you
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3759 can modify its translation tables to make it generate different character
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3760 sequences for the combination of a modifier and a function key. For
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3761 example, this X resource setting:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3762
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3763 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3764 Shift<KeyPress>F1: string(0x1b) string("[xyzzy")
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3765
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3766 makes Shift-F1 generate the character sequence "ESC [ xyzzy". You can
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3767 bind these character sequences in Emacs as normal. Nick Ruprecht
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3768 <ruprecht@informatik.uni-freiburg.de> has written an extensive X
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3769 translation mapping for xterm that does this. {Does this have an FTP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3770 site?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3771
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3772 If you have x-rebind-key, you can have any arbitrary combination of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3773 modifiers with a key replaced by any sequence of "normal" characters. For
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3774 example, this makes Shift-Return behave as though you had typed "C-x C-e"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3775 (example from Jerry Graves):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3776
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3777 (x-rebind-key "Return" 'shift "\C-x\C-e")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3778
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3779 In Emacs 19 (Lucid Emacs), you can bind Meta-Left-Arrow like this (example
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3780 from Jamie Zawinski):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3781
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3782 (global-set-key '(meta left) 'backward-word)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3783
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3784 With the last two methods, use `xmodmap' and `xev' to discover the keysym
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3785 and modifier names.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3786
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3787 143: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3788
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3789 Try all of these methods before asking for further help:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3790
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3791 * You may have big problems using `mwm' as your window manager. {Does
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3792 anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the Meta key in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3793 Emacs with mwm?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3794
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3795 * For X11R4: Make sure it really is a Meta key. Use `xev' to find out
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3796 what keysym your Meta key generates. It should be either Meta_L or
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3797 Meta_R. If it isn't, use xmodmap to fix the situation.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3798
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3799 * Make sure the pty the xterm is using is passing 8 bit characters.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3800 `stty -a' (or `stty everything') should show `cs8' somewhere. If it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3801 shows `cs7' instead, use `stty cs8 -istrip' (or `stty pass8') to fix
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3802 it.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3803
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3804 * If there is an rlogin connection between the xterm and the Emacs, the
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3805 `-8' argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3806 bits of every character.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3807
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3808 * If the Emacs is running under Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3809 (set-input-mode t nil) helps.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3810
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3811 * If all else fails, you can make xterm generate "ESC W" when you type
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3812 M-W, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it got the M-W
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3813 anyway. In X11R4, the following resource specification will do this:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3814
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3815 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3816
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3817 (This changes the behavior of the insert-eight-bit action.)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3818
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3819 With older xterms, you can specify this behavior with a translation:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3820
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3821 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3822 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert()
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3823
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3824 You might have to replace `Meta' with `Alt'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3825
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3826 144: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3827
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3828 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3829 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3830 XLookupString returns the same result regardless of the Meta key state
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3831 which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs is fixed, the temporary
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3832 kludge is to run this command after each time the X server is started but
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3833 preferably before any xterm clients are:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3834
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3835 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch'
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3836
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3837 NOTE: This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3838 may be undesirable if you actually intend to use them.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
3839
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3840 145: Where can I get key bindings to make Emacs emulate WordStar?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3841
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3842 There is a package `wordstar' by Jim Frost <jimf@saber.com> and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3843 `ws-mode.el' by Juergen Nickelsen <nickel@cs.tu-berlin.de>. Check in the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3844 Emacs Lisp Archive (see question 89).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3845
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3846 146: Where can I get an XEDIT emulator for Emacs?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3847
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3848 This question comes up once every couple of months. I have never seen a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3849 positive reply, so I presume no one has ever written one.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3850
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3851
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3852
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3853 Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3854
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3855 147: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3856
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3857 There is a patch called the `8-bit ctl-arrow patch' that allows Emacs to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3858 display characters with codes from 128 to 255. {The original appears to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3859 have been by Kenneth Cline <cline@proof.ergo.cs.cmu.edu>.} Partially based
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3860 on Johan Widen's earlier work, Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> has updated this
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3861 patch for Emacs 18.58 along with some other 8-bit improvements.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3862
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3863 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3864 /ftp.eu.net:gnu/emacs/FP-EightBit.Z
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3865 /ftp.urc.tue.nl:/pub/tex/emacs/FP-EightBit
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3866 /cs.purdue.edu:pub/ygz/cemacs.tar.Z:cemacs/8bit-patch-18.57
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3867 /sics.se:archive/emacs-18.55-8bit-diff
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3868 /laas.laas.fr:pub/emacs/patch-8bit-18.55
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3869 /laas.laas.fr:pub/emacs/patch-8bit-18.57
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3870
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3871 Via e-mail:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3872 To: mail-server@sics.se
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3873 body: send emacs-18.55-8bit-diff
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3874
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3875 Anders Edenbrandt <anderse@dna.lth.se> has produced a more comprehensive
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3876 patch for Emacs 18.59 that allows for 8-bit input and output.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3877
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3878 Anonymous FTP:
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3879 /ftp.efd.lth.se:pub/gnu/emacs_8-bit.patch
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3880
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3881 In the words of the author:
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3882
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3883 With these patches, Emacs becomes fully 8-bit operational. There is
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3884 support for displaying 8-bit characters, as well as for entering such
3591
507f64624555 Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 2703
diff changeset
3885 characters from the keyboard. In addition, upcase/lowcase translation
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3886 is supported, accented characters are recognized as "letters" (important
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3887 when doing 'forward-word', for example), and text with 8-bit characters
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3888 can be sorted correctly.
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3889
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3890 A Meta-shift key can still be used, provided that you run in an
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3891 environment where it is possible to distinguish between a character
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3892 entered using the Meta-shift key and one entered directly. The diffs
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3893 include patches to make this work under SunView (with emacstool) as
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3894 well as under X. If you can't use a Meta-shift key, you have to enter
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3895 Meta-commands with the ESC-prefix.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3896
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3897 The most comprehensive patches for 8-bit output are by Howard Gayle
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3898 (originally for Emacs 18.55. These patches allow displaying any arbitrary
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3899 string for a given 8-bit character (except TAB and C-j). Also supported
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3900 is defining the sorting order and the uppercase and lowercase
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3901 translations. It is reported that the 8-bit character support in Emacs 19
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3902 is largely based on these patches. Thomas Bellman
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3903 <Bellman@lysator.liu.se> has updated these patches for Emacs 18.59.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3904
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3905 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3906 /sics.se:archive/emacs-gayle.tar.Z (patches for 18.55)
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3907 /ftp.lysator.liu.se:pub/emacs/gayle-18.58.diff.tar.Z (patches)
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3908 /ftp.lysator.liu.se:pub/emacs/emacs-18.59-gayle.tar.Z (patched Emacs)
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3909
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3910 Epoch's 8-bit character support is based on Anders Edenbrandt's patches.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3911 Lucid Emacs has the ctl-arrow patch installed. Nemacs displays 8-bit
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3912 characters, and it may be useful for displaying the 8-bit ISO-8859
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3913 alphabet, but I don't know for sure (see question 149).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3914
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3915 148: How do I input 8-bit characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3916
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3917 Minor modes for ISO Latin-1 that allow one to easily input this character
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3918 set have been written by several people. Such modes have been written by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3919 Matthieu Herrb <matthieu@laas.fr> (laas.laas.fr:pub/emacs/iso-latin-1.el),
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3920 Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> {FTP site??}, and Marc Shapiro
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3921 <shapiro@sor.inria.fr> {FTP site??}.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3922
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3923 These approaches differ from the one taken by Anders Edenbrandt in that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3924 his method uses direct 8-bit input, while these methods use a compose
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3925 sequence for 8-bit characters. {I have heard conflicting reports on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3926 whether this results in losing the Meta key. Perhaps this depends on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3927 whether Emacs is running under X. Can someone resolve this?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3928
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3929 Karl Heuer <karl@haddock.ima.isc.com> is said to have a patch to allow
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3930 8-bit input. Georg-Wilhelm Koltermann <gwk@crmunich0.cray.com> also has a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3931 patch for either 18.57 or 18.58 that allows 8-bit input.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3932
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3933 Epoch comes with a patch that allows it to input 8-bit characters, but it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3934 is not enabled by default. {Is this right?}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3935
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3936 Jamie Zawinski says:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3937
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3938 Lucid GNU Emacs allows the input of any ISO-8859/1 keysyms that your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3939 keyboard generates (see xmodmap), and contains a package that implements
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3940 a DEC/OpenWindows-like "Compose" key for systems which don't have one.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3941
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3942 149: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle kanji characters?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3943
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3944 Nemacs 3.3.2 (Nihongo GNU Emacs) is a modified version of GNU Emacs 18.55
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3945 that handles kanji characters. It is available via anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3946
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3947 /crl.nmsu.edu:pub/misc/nemacs-3.3.2.tar.Z
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
3948 /miki.cs.titech.ac.jp:JAPAN/nemacs/nemacs-3.3.2.tar.Z
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3949
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3950 You might also need files for "wnn", a kanji input method
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3951 (wnn-4.0.3{-README,.tar.Z} {on which machine?}). You need a terminal (or
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3952 terminal emulator) that can display text encoded in JIS, Shift-JIS, or EUC
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3953 (Extended Unix Code), or the ability to run Nemacs as a direct X Window
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3954 client.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3955
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3956 150: Where can I get an Emacs that can handle Chinese?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3957
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3958 `cemacs' by Stephen G. Simpson <simpson@math.psu.edu> is a patch to Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3959 18.57 (the ctl-arrow patch) and some Emacs Lisp code that combined with
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3960 Cxterm allows using Chinese characters. It is available via anonymous
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3961 FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3962
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3963 /crl.nmsu.edu:pub/chinese/cemacs.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3964 /cs.purdue.edu:pub/ygz/cemacs.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3965
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3966 Cxterm is available from the same place:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3967
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3968 /cs.purdue.edu:pub/ygz/cxterm-11.5.1.tar.Z
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3969
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3970 151: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3971
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3972 Joel M. Hoffman <joel@wam.umd.edu> writes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3973
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3974 A couple of years ago a wrote a hebrew.el file that allows right-to-left
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3975 editing of Hebrew. I relied on the hardware to display the Hebrew
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3976 letters, given the right codes, but not for any right-to-left support;
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3977 the hardware also doesn't have to send any specific char. codes. Emacs
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3978 keeps track of when the user is typing Hebrew vs. English. (The VT-*
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3979 terminals in Israel contain built-in support for Hebrew.)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3980
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3981 To get it to work I had to modify only a few lines of GNU Emacs's source
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3982 code --- just enough to make it 8-bit clean.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3983
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3984 [and in a separate message:]
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3985
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3986 It doesn't produce time-order ["sefer" format] (I wouldn't recommend
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3987 trying that with emacs, because converting time-order to screen-order
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3988 with arbitrarily long lines is a bit tricky), but I also concocted a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3989 quick filter to convert screen-order into time-order. I'll be happy to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3990 send you the requisite files if you want them. If you're using it for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3991 anything large, however, you'll want something that works better.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3992
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3993 Joel Hoffman has also written a "bi-directional bi-lingual Emacs-like"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3994 editor for MS-DOS named Ibelbe (Itty Bitty Emacs-Like Bidirectional
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3995 Editor). Ibelbe is written in Turbo Pascal and comes with source code.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3996 Here is the description:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3997
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3998 Ibelbe looks like emacs (it even has a minibuffer and filename
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
3999 completion), and fully supports both right-to-left and left-to-right
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4000 editing. Other than an EGA monitor or better, no special hardware is
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4001 required. You will need an EGA Hebrew font to use Ibelbe with Hebrew.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4002
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4003 Anonymous FTP:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4004 /israel.nysernet.org:israel/msdos/ibelbe.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4005 /israel.nysernet.org:israel/msdos/hebfont.zip
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4006
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4007 Joseph Friedman <yossi@deshaw.com, yossi@Neon.Stanford.EDU> has written
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4008 patches for Emacs 18.55 and 18.58 that provide Semitic language support
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4009 under X Windows.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4010
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4011 Warren Burstein <warren@itex.jct.ac.il> says he has mapped 7-bit keys by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4012 modifying self-insert-command "for Hebrew input on 7-bit keyboards".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4013
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4014 A good suggestion is to query archie for files named with `hebrew'.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4015
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4016 GNU Emacs FAQ: Mail and News
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4017
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4018 This portion of the GNU Emacs FAQ list is cross-posted to `gnu.emacs.gnus'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4019 because many of the questions herein deal with GNUS. See `gnu.emacs.help' for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4020 the rest of the FAQ list.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4021
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4022 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x $" to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4023 get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look at the text
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4024 of the answers, just type "C-x $".
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4025
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4026 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a C-r if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4027 that doesn't work, then type ESC to end the search.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4028
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4029 A `+' in the 78th column means something was inserted on the line. A `-' means
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4030 something was deleted and a `!' means some combination of insertions and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4031 deletions occurred.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4032
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4033 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. Also see the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4034 `Introduction to news.answers' posting in the `news.answers' newsgroup, or send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4035 e-mail to `mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu' with `help' on a body line, or use FTP,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4036 WAIS, or Prospero to rtfm.mit.edu.
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
4037
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
4038
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4039
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4040 Mail and News
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
4041
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4042 152: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4043
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4044 Many people want Emacs to prefix included text with something like ` > '
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4045 instead of with three spaces. One way is to change the code of the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4046 function `mail-yank-original' in lisp/sendmail.el that prefixes with
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4047 spaces. A more flexible solution is to use Supercite, which provides wide
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4048 configurability in how you format included text in replies. See question
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4049 107. Both of these solutions work for RMAIL and GNUS.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4050
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4051 A related problem is how to prevent Emacs from including various headers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4052 of the replied-to message. For this, you should set the value of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4053 mail-yank-ignored-headers, which takes a regexp value.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4054
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4055 153: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4056
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4057 Two methods:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4058
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4059 1. (setq mail-self-blind t) will result in a `BCC:' header line with your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4060 address being added to mail composition buffers. This will cause the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4061 mail system to send a copy of the mail back to you.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4062
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4063 2. (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing")) will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4064 result in an `FCC:' header line with the pathname of ~/outgoing being
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4065 added to mail composition buffers. When you send the mail, Emacs will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4066 save a copy of the mail in the file ~/outgoing and then strip off the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4067 `FCC:' line before actually sending.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4068
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4069 WARNING: There is a bug in Emacs 18.58 that prevents mail readers such
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4070 as RMAIL from reading the saved mail messages individually. See
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4071 question 155.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4072
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4073 WARNING: If you are visiting the file ~/outgoing at the time you send
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4074 the mail, this can cause a variety of horrible problems. Jamie
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4075 Zawinski has written a solution for this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4076
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4077 It does not work to put `set record filename' in the .mailrc file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4078
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4079 154: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4080
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4081 * You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4082 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4083 like this one:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4084
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4085 To: Willy Smith <wks@xpnsv.lwyrs.com>
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4086
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4087 However, you do not need to separate addresses with commas in your
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4088 .mailrc file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4089
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4090 WARNING: Emacs breaks up aliases in the .mailrc file into multiple
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4091 addresses both on commas and on whitespace, regardless of any use of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4092 quotes. This is probably a bug. You can get around this by directly
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4093 setting the value of mail-aliases.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4094
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4095 * Emacs normally only reads the `.mailrc' file once per session, when you
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4096 start to compose your first mail message. If you edit .mailrc, you can
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4097 type "M-ESC (build-mail-aliases) RET" to make Emacs reread .mailrc.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4098 (You have to include the parentheses where they are shown!)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4099
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4100 * Emacs does not interpret vendor-specific additions to the format of the
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4101 .mailrc file such as the `source' command. It also ignores any `set'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4102 commands. The only commands it looks at are `alias' and `group'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4103 commands.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4104
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4105 155: Why does RMAIL think all my saved messages are one big message?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4106
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4107 There is a bug for FCC-ed messages in Emacs 18.58 where it adds a timezone
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4108 on the "From " line after the year instead of before the year. (Before it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4109 didn't add the timezone at all.) This is incompatible with the standard
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4110 format for the "From " line, and RMAIL in particular can no longer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4111 distinguish between the messages. Karl Berry <karl@cs.umb.edu>, Felix Lee
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4112 <flee@cs.psu.edu>, Nick Gianniotis <nico@japan.sbi.com> and many
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4113 others have all posted patches for this. Karl's is the simplest and just
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4114 stops Emacs from adding the timezone:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4115
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4116 >*** ./ORIG/sendmail.el Tue Jan 28 16:22:56 1992
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4117 >--- ./sendmail.el Thu May 14 18:23:48 1992
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4118 >***************
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4119 >*** 285,287 ****
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4120 > (insert "\nFrom " (user-login-name) " "
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4121 >! (current-time-string) " " timezone "\n")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4122 > (insert-buffer-substring rmailbuf)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4123 >--- 285,287 ----
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4124 > (insert "\nFrom " (user-login-name) " "
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4125 >! (current-time-string) "\n")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4126 > (insert-buffer-substring rmailbuf)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4127
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4128 156: How can I sort the messages in my RMAIL folder?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4129
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4130 Use rmailsort.el by Masanobu Umeda.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4131
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4132 157: Why does RMAIL need to write to /usr/spool/mail?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4133
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4134 This is the behavior of the `movemail' program which RMAIL uses. This
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4135 indicates that movemail is configured to use lock files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4136
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4137 RMS writes:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4138
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4139 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4140 On these systems, movemail must write lock files, or you risk losing
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4141 mail. You simply must arrange to let movemail write them.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4142
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4143 Other systems use the flock system call to interlock access. On these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4144 systems, you should configure movemail to use flock.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4145
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4146 158: How do I recover my mail files after RMAIL munges their format?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4147
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4148 Users who just want to try RMAIL out to see how it works end up trapped
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4149 using it because saved mail in their `mbox' file has been converted into
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4150 an incompatible format (BABYL) that only RMAIL understands. RMAIL
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4151 provides no obvious way to reverse this transformation. Kyle Jones has
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4152 aptly named this "the great Emacs Mail Eating Monster". To convert a mail
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4153 file back to standard Unix format, there are several methods:
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4154
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4155 * Use the rmail-output ("C-o") command within RMAIL on each message in the
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4156 file. First use M-x rmail or M-x rmail-input to visit the RMAIL file in
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4157 Rmail mode. Type "1 j" to go to the first message. Use the C-o command
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4158 to output the message to a Unix format file. Type "n" to go to the next
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4159 message. Repeat.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4160
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4161 * If the file contains hundreds of messages, you may not want to repeat
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4162 this for all of them. Instead of the above, after getting to the first
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4163 message type this (where "mbox" is the file you want to put the messages
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4164 in):
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4165
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4166 C-x ( C-o mbox RET M-s ^From: RET M-0 C-x )
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4167
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4168 (The rmail-search command ("M-s") is used instead of just "n" because it
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4169 is the only command which will cause an error when it reaches the last
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4170 message in the file, which is necessary to terminate the keyboard macro.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4171 This will fail if there are messages in the file that don't have a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4172 `From:' header. This assumes rmail-delete-after-output is nil.)
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4173
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4174 It is wise to save a copy of the RMAIL file first, in case you make a
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4175 mistake.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4176
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4177 * There are software packages available for converting files or even
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4178 entire directories of BABYL files to standard Unix format. These are
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4179 helpful in this situation, but are intended mainly for people who have
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4180 used RMAIL for a long time and are converting to some other mail reader.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4181 Lookup `rmail', `vm', and `babyl' in the Emacs Lisp Archive (see
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4182 question 89).
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4183
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4184 You may wish to disable RMAIL to avoid accidentally destroying your mbox
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4185 file (I have this in my .emacs):
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4186
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4187 (put 'rmail 'disabled t) ; avoid mbox destruction
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4188
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4189 159: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4190
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4191 Example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4192
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4193 emacs -f gnus
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4194
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4195 Also:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4196
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4197 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4198
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4199 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader from
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4200 your .emacs file. This would cause problems if you needed to run two
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4201 copies of Emacs at one time. Also, this would make it difficult for you
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4202 to start Emacs quickly when you needed to.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4203
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4204 160: How do I read news under Emacs?
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4205
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4206 There are at least three news reading packages that operate inside Emacs.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4207 `rnews' comes with Emacs. GNUS and Gnews come separately. rnews will
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4208 be replaced by GNUS in Emacs 19.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4209
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4210 rnews works only with a local news spool directory. Both GNUS and Gnews
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4211 handle reading news remotely via NNTP in addition to reading from a local
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4212 news spool. GNUS supports reading mail stored in MH folders or articles
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4213 saved by GNUS.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4214
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4215 Gnews is styled after `rn' and seems to work like RMAIL. GNUS feels more
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4216 like VM. People have complained that GNUS uses a lot of CPU time (it
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4217 does). Some people have complained that Gnews is slower than GNUS.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4218
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4219 For more information about GNUS, see question 108.
597
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4220
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4221 Gnews was written by Matthew P. Wiener <weemba@libra.wistar.upenn.edu>.
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4222 The latest version seems to be 2.0, posted October 3, 1988. Matthew
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4223 posted some fixes on October 26, 1988. Gnews does not appear to have been
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4224 supported after this date. In particular, it has been reported that Gnews
434e13b1fc95 *** empty log message ***
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents: 134
diff changeset
4225 does not work with Emacs 18.57. There is a newsgroup for Gnews called
134
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
4226 gnu.emacs.gnews.
93491679e7e9 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
4227
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4228 161: Why does `rnews' say "No News is good news" when there is news?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4229
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4230 rnews doesn't speak NNTP. You may need to use GNUS or Gnews.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4231
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4232 162: Why doesn't GNUS work anymore via NNTP?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4233
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4234 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4235 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one before
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4236 blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version 1.5.11
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4237 claims to fix this.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4238
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4239 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4240
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4241 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4242
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4243 I also have a patch for NNTP 1.5.10 by Mike Pelletier
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4244 <stealth@engin.umich.edu> that is based on the timeout code that was in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4245 1.5.9. However, please try to upgrade to 1.5.11 first.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4246
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4247 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4248 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine (ie.,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4249 `telnet server-machine 119'). The server should give its version number
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4250 in the welcome message. Type `quit' to get out.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4251
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4252 163: How do I view text with embedded underlining (eg., ClariNews)?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4253
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4254 Underlining appears like this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4255
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4256 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4257
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4258 You can destructively remove underlining with M-x ununderline-region.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4259
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4260 For ClariNews articles, clari-clean.el by David N. Blank-Edelman
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4261 <dnb@meshugge.media.mit.edu> will remove both underlining and overstriking
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4262 automatically.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4263
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4264 164: When I try to post a long article in GNUS (about 10K or longer), I get
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4265 the error, "Writing to process: no more processes, nntpd"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4266
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
4267 Upgrade to Emacs 18.58 or higher.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4268
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4269 165: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4270
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4271 Use gnus-mark.el by Jamie Zawinski <jwz@lucid.com>.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4272
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4273 166: Why does GNUS put the subjects in replies beyond the 80th column?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4274
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4275 This is a feature. If you set gnus-thread-hide-subject to non-nil, GNUS
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4276 will only display the subject of the first posting in a thread, even if
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4277 some of the replies use different subjects. It hides the subjects by
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4278 putting them past the edge of the window and setting truncate lines to t.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4279
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4280 If your screen looks messed up, then for some reason truncate-lines in
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4281 your `*Subject*' buffer has been set to nil. It should be set to t.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4282
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4283 (I have an enhancement to GNUS 3.13 that will make it only hide the subject
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4284 of a posting when it is unchanged from the followed-up-to posting. Thus,
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4285 you can use the subject hiding feature and still know when someone changes
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4286 the subject. (I have forgotten who originally gave me the idea for this.))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4287
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4288 167: Why is GNUS so slow to start up?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4289
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4290 GNUS does several things that take quadratic time of the number of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4291 newsgroups that are listed in .newsrc. The quick fix for this is to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4292 remove all the newsgroups in which you have no interest from your .newrc
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4293 file by using GNUS's C-k command in the `*Newsgroup*' buffer after
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4294 displaying all newsgroups with the L command. If you were to directly
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4295 edit your .newsrc to remove the newsgroups, GNUS would add them back.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4296
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4297 GNUS uses a quadratic algorithm to check for duplicates when the .newsrc
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4298 file is newer than the .newsrc.el file (ie., you edited your .newsrc).
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4299 GNUS uses a quadratic algorithm to check for new newsgroups every time it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4300 connects to the news server. {There may be other quadratic algorithms
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4301 that I am not aware of.}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4302
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4303 You can speed up GNUS by using the C-k command in the *Newsgroup* buffer
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4304 to remove newsgroups from your .newsrc file.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4305
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4306 Of course, GNUS will run faster if you make sure it is byte-compiled.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4307
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4308 Felix Lee wrote some enhancements called `gnus-speedups.el' that fix some
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4309 of the problems. See the Emacs Lisp Archive.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4310
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4311 168: How do I catch up all newsgroups in GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4312
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4313 In the `*Newsgroup*' buffer, type the following magical incantation:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4314
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4315 M-< C-x ( C-@ c y C-u C-@ C-e C-f C-f M-0 C-x )
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4316
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4317 Leave off the "M-<" if you only want to catch up from point to the end of
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4318 the `*Newsgroup' buffer.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4319
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4320 169: Why can't I kill in GNUS on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control line?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4321
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4322 GNUS 3.14.1 will complain that the `Newsgroups:', `Keywords:', and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4323 `Control:' headers are `Unknown header field's.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4324
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4325 For the `Newsgroups:' header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4326 `Xref' header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4327
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4328 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4329 this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4330
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4331 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)")
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4332
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4333 Various people (eg., Greg Holley <holley@acuson.com>) have posted
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4334 solutions to allow more efficient killing on these headers than the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4335 preceding solution. Masanobu Umeda plans to fix this problem.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4336
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4337 170: How do I get rid of flashing messages in GNUS for slow connections?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4338
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4339 GNUS outputs "NNTP: Reading..." message and then clears them, over and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4340 over. In version 3.14.1 there is a variable named nntp-debug-read that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4341 can help. Johan Vromans <jv@mh.nl> wrote a fix. Others have also written
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4342 fixes.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4343
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4344 171: Why is catch up slow in Gnews/GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4345
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4346 Because GNUS is marking crosspostings read. {I think it should do this at
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4347 the time the article is read to spread out the load. Maybe someone will
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4348 write the code to do this.}
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4349
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4350 172: Why does GNUS hang for a long time when posting?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4351
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4352 David Lawrence <tale@uunet.uu.net> explains:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4353
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4354 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4355 POST asks C News's inews to not background itself but rather hang around
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4356 and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was successful.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4357 (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status of the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4358 waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up taking a
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4359 long time because inews is calling relaynews, which often waits for
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4360 another relaynews to free the lock on the news system so it can file the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4361 article.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4362
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4363 My preferred solution is to change inews to not call relaynews, but
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4364 rather use newsspool. This loses some error-catching functionality, but
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4365 is for the most part safe as inews will detect a lot of the errors on
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4366 its own. The C News folks have sped up inews, too, so speed should look
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4367 better to most folks as that update propagates around.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4368
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4369 173: Why don't my news postings in GNUS get past the local machine?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4370
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4371 Three possible reasons: local distribution, C News date problem (see
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4372 question 174, and the path problem. This piece of code may fix the path
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4373 problem for you:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4374
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4375 (setq gnus-use-generic-path t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4376
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4377 174: Why is the GNUS-generated `Date:' header invalid?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4378
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4379 GNUS generates `Date:' headers without time zones. C-News's `inews'
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4380 doesn't replace it with a valid header, but will generate it if not
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4381 already there. If it is invalid, the article will not be forwarded
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4382 properly. Quick fix:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4383
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4384 (defun gnus-inews-date () nil)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4385
2703
8ea617fb9603 *** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 1736
diff changeset
4386 This is not fixed as of GNUS 3.14.1.
1736
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4387
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4388 175: Why doesn't GNUS generate the `Lines:' header?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4389
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4390 GNUS was written for B news, which would generate the `Lines:' header. C
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4391 news doesn't. There is a comment in C news's `inews' that you can
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4392 uncomment to enable this functionality. Or you can have GNUS generate the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4393 header, for example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4394
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4395 ;; idea by jbryans@beach.csulb.edu (Jack Bryans)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4396 (defun add-lines-header ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4397 ;; Count the number of lines in the current posting and insert the
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4398 ;; header line Lines into the message.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4399 (save-excursion
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4400 (goto-char (point-min))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4401 (if (search-forward "\n\n") ;; ***** I suspect this is wrong *****
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4402 (let ((lines (count-lines (point) (point-max))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4403 (forward-line -1)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4404 (insert-string "Lines: " lines "\n")))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4405
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4406 Mike Williams <mike-w@cs.aukuni.ac.nz> has written something similar.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4407
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4408 Ronald Florence <ron@mlfarm.com> has a patch for GNUS that makes it
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4409 calculate the `Lines:' header for incoming articles when necessary that
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4410 works for sites with local news spools.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4411
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4412 David Lawrence <tale@uunet.uu.net> says that GNUS 3.14.1 generates Lines
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4413 if gnus-news-system is Cnews.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4414
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4415 176: Why do I get "Cannot open load file" "nntp" when compiling GNUS?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4416
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4417 Specifically, the error message is this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4418
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4419 Error occurred processing gnus.el: File error (("Cannot open load file" "nntp"))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4420
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4421 This means that nntp.el is not in Emacs's load-path, which is easy to
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4422 happen when compiling using the Makefile.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4423
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4424 Easiest solution: set EMACSLOADPATH in Makefile (idea from Glenn Gribble
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4425 <glenn@netcom.com>):
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4426
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4427 EMACSLOADPATH=/usr/local/emacs/lisp:.
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4428 ELC= env EMACSLOADPATH=$(EMACSLOADPATH) emacs -batch -f batch-byte-compile
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4429
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4430 Another solution, in hack.el put this:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4431
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4432 (defun gross-hack () (setq load-path (cons "/directory" load-path)))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4433
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4434 Then in Makefile:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4435
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4436 ELC= emacs -batch -l hack.el -f gross-hack -f batch-byte-compile
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4437
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4438 177: How do I kill all articles in GNUS but those matching a pattern?
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4439
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4440 Example:
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4441
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4442 ;; kill everything
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4443 (gnus-kill "subject" "" nil nil)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4444 ;; then restore stuff by our favorite poster
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4445 (gnus-kill "from" "good-guy"
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4446 (function
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4447 (lambda ()
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4448 (if (eq ?X (char-after (save-excursion
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4449 (beginning-of-line 1)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4450 (point))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4451 (gnus-Subject-clear-mark-forward 1))))
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4452 t)
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4453
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4454
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4455
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4456 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4457 Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992 Joseph Brian Wells
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4458 Copyright (C) 1992, 1993 Steven Byrnes
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4459
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4460 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4461 ("FAQ") may be translated into other languages, transformed into other
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4462 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS, etc.), and updated with new
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4463 information. The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4464 apply to the FAQ itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4465 or an approved translation, information on who is currently maintaining
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4466 the FAQ and how to contact them (including their e-mail address), and
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4467 information on where the latest version of the FAQ is archived (including
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4468 FTP information). The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4469 conditions, except that the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary
c18775a6cf55 New version received.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 597
diff changeset
4470 work unless that work itself allows free copying and redistribution.