Mercurial > emacs
annotate lisp/calc/calc-comb.el @ 92068:dd458038bf78
New file.
author | Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org> |
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date | Fri, 22 Feb 2008 01:51:04 +0000 |
parents | 107ccd98fa12 |
children | 606f2d163a64 1e3a407766b9 |
rev | line source |
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1 ;;; calc-comb.el --- combinatoric functions for Calc |
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2 |
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3 ;; Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, |
79702 | 4 ;; 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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5 |
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6 ;; Author: David Gillespie <daveg@synaptics.com> |
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7 ;; Maintainer: Jay Belanger <jay.p.belanger@gmail.com> |
40785 | 8 |
9 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs. | |
10 | |
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11 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
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12 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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13 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) |
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14 ;; any later version. |
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16 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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17 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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18 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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19 ;; GNU General Public License for more details. |
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20 |
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21 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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22 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the |
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23 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, |
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24 ;; Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. |
40785 | 25 |
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26 ;;; Commentary: |
40785 | 27 |
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28 ;;; Code: |
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30 ;; This file is autoloaded from calc-ext.el. | |
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31 |
40785 | 32 (require 'calc-ext) |
33 (require 'calc-macs) | |
34 | |
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35 (defconst math-primes-table |
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81 4987 4993 4999 5003]) |
40785 | 82 |
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83 ;; The variable math-prime-factors-finished is set by calcFunc-prfac to |
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84 ;; indicate whether factoring is complete, and used by calcFunc-factors, |
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85 ;; calcFunc-totient and calcFunc-moebius. |
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86 (defvar math-prime-factors-finished) |
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87 |
40785 | 88 ;;; Combinatorics |
89 | |
90 (defun calc-gcd (arg) | |
91 (interactive "P") | |
92 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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93 (calc-binary-op "gcd" 'calcFunc-gcd arg))) |
40785 | 94 |
95 (defun calc-lcm (arg) | |
96 (interactive "P") | |
97 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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98 (calc-binary-op "lcm" 'calcFunc-lcm arg))) |
40785 | 99 |
100 (defun calc-extended-gcd () | |
101 (interactive) | |
102 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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103 (calc-enter-result 2 "egcd" (cons 'calcFunc-egcd (calc-top-list-n 2))))) |
40785 | 104 |
105 (defun calc-factorial (arg) | |
106 (interactive "P") | |
107 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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108 (calc-unary-op "fact" 'calcFunc-fact arg))) |
40785 | 109 |
110 (defun calc-gamma (arg) | |
111 (interactive "P") | |
112 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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113 (calc-unary-op "gmma" 'calcFunc-gamma arg))) |
40785 | 114 |
115 (defun calc-double-factorial (arg) | |
116 (interactive "P") | |
117 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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118 (calc-unary-op "dfac" 'calcFunc-dfact arg))) |
40785 | 119 |
120 (defun calc-choose (arg) | |
121 (interactive "P") | |
122 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
123 (if (calc-is-hyperbolic) | |
124 (calc-binary-op "perm" 'calcFunc-perm arg) | |
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125 (calc-binary-op "chos" 'calcFunc-choose arg)))) |
40785 | 126 |
127 (defun calc-perm (arg) | |
128 (interactive "P") | |
129 (calc-hyperbolic-func) | |
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130 (calc-choose arg)) |
40785 | 131 |
132 (defvar calc-last-random-limit '(float 1 0)) | |
133 (defun calc-random (n) | |
134 (interactive "P") | |
135 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
136 (if n | |
137 (calc-enter-result 0 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random | |
138 (calc-get-random-limit | |
139 (prefix-numeric-value n)))) | |
140 (calc-enter-result 1 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random | |
141 (calc-get-random-limit | |
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142 (calc-top-n 1))))))) |
40785 | 143 |
144 (defun calc-get-random-limit (val) | |
145 (if (eq val 0) | |
146 calc-last-random-limit | |
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147 (setq calc-last-random-limit val))) |
40785 | 148 |
149 (defun calc-rrandom () | |
150 (interactive) | |
151 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
152 (setq calc-last-random-limit '(float 1 0)) | |
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153 (calc-enter-result 0 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random '(float 1 0))))) |
40785 | 154 |
155 (defun calc-random-again (arg) | |
156 (interactive "p") | |
157 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
158 (while (>= (setq arg (1- arg)) 0) | |
159 (calc-enter-result 0 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random | |
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160 calc-last-random-limit))))) |
40785 | 161 |
162 (defun calc-shuffle (n) | |
163 (interactive "P") | |
164 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
165 (if n | |
166 (calc-enter-result 1 "shuf" (list 'calcFunc-shuffle | |
167 (prefix-numeric-value n) | |
168 (calc-get-random-limit | |
169 (calc-top-n 1)))) | |
170 (calc-enter-result 2 "shuf" (list 'calcFunc-shuffle | |
171 (calc-top-n 1) | |
172 (calc-get-random-limit | |
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173 (calc-top-n 2))))))) |
40785 | 174 |
175 (defun calc-report-prime-test (res) | |
176 (cond ((eq (car res) t) | |
177 (calc-record-message "prim" "Prime (guaranteed)")) | |
178 ((eq (car res) nil) | |
179 (if (cdr res) | |
180 (if (eq (nth 1 res) 'unknown) | |
181 (calc-record-message | |
182 "prim" "Non-prime (factors unknown)") | |
183 (calc-record-message | |
184 "prim" "Non-prime (%s is a factor)" | |
185 (math-format-number (nth 1 res)))) | |
186 (calc-record-message "prim" "Non-prime"))) | |
187 (t | |
188 (calc-record-message | |
189 "prim" "Probably prime (%d iters; %s%% chance of error)" | |
190 (nth 1 res) | |
191 (let ((calc-float-format '(fix 2))) | |
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192 (math-format-number (nth 2 res))))))) |
40785 | 193 |
194 (defun calc-prime-test (iters) | |
195 (interactive "p") | |
196 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
197 (let* ((n (calc-top-n 1)) | |
198 (res (math-prime-test n iters))) | |
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199 (calc-report-prime-test res)))) |
40785 | 200 |
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201 (defvar calc-verbose-nextprime nil) |
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202 |
40785 | 203 (defun calc-next-prime (iters) |
204 (interactive "p") | |
205 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
206 (let ((calc-verbose-nextprime t)) | |
207 (if (calc-is-inverse) | |
208 (calc-enter-result 1 "prvp" (list 'calcFunc-prevprime | |
209 (calc-top-n 1) (math-abs iters))) | |
210 (calc-enter-result 1 "nxtp" (list 'calcFunc-nextprime | |
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211 (calc-top-n 1) (math-abs iters))))))) |
40785 | 212 |
213 (defun calc-prev-prime (iters) | |
214 (interactive "p") | |
215 (calc-invert-func) | |
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216 (calc-next-prime iters)) |
40785 | 217 |
218 (defun calc-prime-factors (iters) | |
219 (interactive "p") | |
220 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
221 (let ((res (calcFunc-prfac (calc-top-n 1)))) | |
222 (if (not math-prime-factors-finished) | |
223 (calc-record-message "pfac" "Warning: May not be fully factored")) | |
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224 (calc-enter-result 1 "pfac" res)))) |
40785 | 225 |
226 (defun calc-totient (arg) | |
227 (interactive "P") | |
228 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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229 (calc-unary-op "phi" 'calcFunc-totient arg))) |
40785 | 230 |
231 (defun calc-moebius (arg) | |
232 (interactive "P") | |
233 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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234 (calc-unary-op "mu" 'calcFunc-moebius arg))) |
40785 | 235 |
236 | |
237 (defun calcFunc-gcd (a b) | |
238 (if (Math-messy-integerp a) | |
239 (setq a (math-trunc a))) | |
240 (if (Math-messy-integerp b) | |
241 (setq b (math-trunc b))) | |
242 (cond ((and (Math-integerp a) (Math-integerp b)) | |
243 (math-gcd a b)) | |
244 ((Math-looks-negp a) | |
245 (calcFunc-gcd (math-neg a) b)) | |
246 ((Math-looks-negp b) | |
247 (calcFunc-gcd a (math-neg b))) | |
248 ((Math-zerop a) b) | |
249 ((Math-zerop b) a) | |
250 ((and (Math-ratp a) | |
251 (Math-ratp b)) | |
252 (math-make-frac (math-gcd (if (eq (car-safe a) 'frac) (nth 1 a) a) | |
253 (if (eq (car-safe b) 'frac) (nth 1 b) b)) | |
254 (calcFunc-lcm | |
255 (if (eq (car-safe a) 'frac) (nth 2 a) 1) | |
256 (if (eq (car-safe b) 'frac) (nth 2 b) 1)))) | |
257 ((not (Math-integerp a)) | |
258 (calc-record-why 'integerp a) | |
259 (list 'calcFunc-gcd a b)) | |
260 (t | |
261 (calc-record-why 'integerp b) | |
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262 (list 'calcFunc-gcd a b)))) |
40785 | 263 |
264 (defun calcFunc-lcm (a b) | |
265 (let ((g (calcFunc-gcd a b))) | |
266 (if (Math-numberp g) | |
267 (math-div (math-mul a b) g) | |
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268 (list 'calcFunc-lcm a b)))) |
40785 | 269 |
270 (defun calcFunc-egcd (a b) ; Knuth section 4.5.2 | |
271 (cond | |
272 ((not (Math-integerp a)) | |
273 (if (Math-messy-integerp a) | |
274 (calcFunc-egcd (math-trunc a) b) | |
275 (calc-record-why 'integerp a) | |
276 (list 'calcFunc-egcd a b))) | |
277 ((not (Math-integerp b)) | |
278 (if (Math-messy-integerp b) | |
279 (calcFunc-egcd a (math-trunc b)) | |
280 (calc-record-why 'integerp b) | |
281 (list 'calcFunc-egcd a b))) | |
282 (t | |
283 (let ((u1 1) (u2 0) (u3 a) | |
284 (v1 0) (v2 1) (v3 b) | |
285 t1 t2 q) | |
286 (while (not (eq v3 0)) | |
287 (setq q (math-idivmod u3 v3) | |
288 t1 (math-sub u1 (math-mul v1 (car q))) | |
289 t2 (math-sub u2 (math-mul v2 (car q))) | |
290 u1 v1 u2 v2 u3 v3 | |
291 v1 t1 v2 t2 v3 (cdr q))) | |
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292 (list 'vec u3 u1 u2))))) |
40785 | 293 |
294 | |
295 ;;; Factorial and related functions. | |
296 | |
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297 (defconst math-small-factorial-table |
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298 (vector 1 1 2 6 24 120 720 5040 40320 362880 3628800 39916800 |
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299 (math-read-number-simple "479001600") |
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300 (math-read-number-simple "6227020800") |
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301 (math-read-number-simple "87178291200") |
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302 (math-read-number-simple "1307674368000") |
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303 (math-read-number-simple "20922789888000") |
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304 (math-read-number-simple "355687428096000") |
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305 (math-read-number-simple "6402373705728000") |
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306 (math-read-number-simple "121645100408832000") |
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307 (math-read-number-simple "2432902008176640000"))) |
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308 |
40785 | 309 (defun calcFunc-fact (n) ; [I I] [F F] [Public] |
310 (let (temp) | |
311 (cond ((Math-integer-negp n) | |
312 (if calc-infinite-mode | |
313 '(var uinf var-uinf) | |
314 (math-reject-arg n 'range))) | |
315 ((integerp n) | |
316 (if (<= n 20) | |
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317 (aref math-small-factorial-table n) |
40785 | 318 (math-factorial-iter (1- n) 2 1))) |
319 ((and (math-messy-integerp n) | |
320 (Math-lessp n 100)) | |
321 (math-inexact-result) | |
322 (setq temp (math-trunc n)) | |
323 (if (>= temp 0) | |
324 (if (<= temp 20) | |
325 (math-float (calcFunc-fact temp)) | |
326 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
327 (math-factorial-iter (1- temp) 2 '(float 1 0)))) | |
328 (math-reject-arg n 'range))) | |
329 ((math-numberp n) | |
330 (let* ((q (math-quarter-integer n)) | |
331 (tn (and q (Math-lessp n 1000) (Math-lessp -1000 n) | |
332 (1+ (math-floor n))))) | |
333 (cond ((and tn (= q 2) | |
334 (or calc-symbolic-mode (< (math-abs tn) 20))) | |
335 (let ((q (if (< tn 0) | |
336 (math-div | |
337 (math-pow -2 (- tn)) | |
338 (math-double-factorial-iter (* -2 tn) 3 1 2)) | |
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339 (math-div |
40785 | 340 (math-double-factorial-iter (* 2 tn) 3 1 2) |
341 (math-pow 2 tn))))) | |
342 (math-mul q (if calc-symbolic-mode | |
343 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt '(var pi var-pi)) | |
344 (math-sqrt-pi))))) | |
345 ((and tn (>= tn 0) (< tn 20) | |
346 (memq q '(1 3))) | |
347 (math-inexact-result) | |
348 (math-div | |
349 (math-mul (math-double-factorial-iter (* 4 tn) q 1 4) | |
350 (if (= q 1) (math-gamma-1q) (math-gamma-3q))) | |
351 (math-pow 4 tn))) | |
352 (t | |
353 (math-inexact-result) | |
354 (math-with-extra-prec 3 | |
355 (math-gammap1-raw (math-float n))))))) | |
356 ((equal n '(var inf var-inf)) n) | |
357 (t (calc-record-why 'numberp n) | |
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358 (list 'calcFunc-fact n))))) |
40785 | 359 |
360 (math-defcache math-gamma-1q nil | |
361 (math-with-extra-prec 3 | |
362 (math-gammap1-raw '(float -75 -2)))) | |
363 | |
364 (math-defcache math-gamma-3q nil | |
365 (math-with-extra-prec 3 | |
366 (math-gammap1-raw '(float -25 -2)))) | |
367 | |
368 (defun math-factorial-iter (count n f) | |
369 (if (= (% n 5) 1) | |
370 (math-working (format "factorial(%d)" (1- n)) f)) | |
371 (if (> count 0) | |
372 (math-factorial-iter (1- count) (1+ n) (math-mul n f)) | |
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373 f)) |
40785 | 374 |
375 (defun calcFunc-dfact (n) ; [I I] [F F] [Public] | |
376 (cond ((Math-integer-negp n) | |
377 (if (math-oddp n) | |
378 (if (eq n -1) | |
379 1 | |
380 (math-div (if (eq (math-mod n 4) 3) 1 -1) | |
381 (calcFunc-dfact (math-sub -2 n)))) | |
382 (list 'calcFunc-dfact n))) | |
383 ((Math-zerop n) 1) | |
384 ((integerp n) (math-double-factorial-iter n (+ 2 (% n 2)) 1 2)) | |
385 ((math-messy-integerp n) | |
386 (let ((temp (math-trunc n))) | |
387 (math-inexact-result) | |
388 (if (natnump temp) | |
389 (if (Math-lessp temp 200) | |
390 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
391 (math-double-factorial-iter temp (+ 2 (% temp 2)) | |
392 '(float 1 0) 2)) | |
393 (let* ((half (math-div2 temp)) | |
394 (even (math-mul (math-pow 2 half) | |
395 (calcFunc-fact (math-float half))))) | |
396 (if (math-evenp temp) | |
397 even | |
398 (math-div (calcFunc-fact n) even)))) | |
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399 (list 'calcFunc-dfact n)))) |
40785 | 400 ((equal n '(var inf var-inf)) n) |
401 (t (calc-record-why 'natnump n) | |
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402 (list 'calcFunc-dfact n)))) |
40785 | 403 |
404 (defun math-double-factorial-iter (max n f step) | |
405 (if (< (% n 12) step) | |
406 (math-working (format "dfact(%d)" (- n step)) f)) | |
407 (if (<= n max) | |
408 (math-double-factorial-iter max (+ n step) (math-mul n f) step) | |
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409 f)) |
40785 | 410 |
411 (defun calcFunc-perm (n m) ; [I I I] [F F F] [Public] | |
412 (cond ((and (integerp n) (integerp m) (<= m n) (>= m 0)) | |
413 (math-factorial-iter m (1+ (- n m)) 1)) | |
414 ((or (not (math-num-integerp n)) | |
415 (and (math-messy-integerp n) (Math-lessp 100 n)) | |
416 (not (math-num-integerp m)) | |
417 (and (math-messy-integerp m) (Math-lessp 100 m))) | |
418 (or (math-realp n) (equal n '(var inf var-inf)) | |
419 (math-reject-arg n 'realp)) | |
420 (or (math-realp m) (equal m '(var inf var-inf)) | |
421 (math-reject-arg m 'realp)) | |
422 (and (math-num-integerp n) (math-negp n) (math-reject-arg n 'range)) | |
423 (and (math-num-integerp m) (math-negp m) (math-reject-arg m 'range)) | |
424 (math-div (calcFunc-fact n) (calcFunc-fact (math-sub n m)))) | |
425 (t | |
426 (let ((tn (math-trunc n)) | |
427 (tm (math-trunc m))) | |
428 (math-inexact-result) | |
429 (or (integerp tn) (math-reject-arg tn 'fixnump)) | |
430 (or (integerp tm) (math-reject-arg tm 'fixnump)) | |
431 (or (and (<= tm tn) (>= tm 0)) (math-reject-arg tm 'range)) | |
432 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
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433 (math-factorial-iter tm (1+ (- tn tm)) '(float 1 0))))))) |
40785 | 434 |
435 (defun calcFunc-choose (n m) ; [I I I] [F F F] [Public] | |
436 (cond ((and (integerp n) (integerp m) (<= m n) (>= m 0)) | |
437 (if (> m (/ n 2)) | |
438 (math-choose-iter (- n m) n 1 1) | |
439 (math-choose-iter m n 1 1))) | |
440 ((not (math-realp n)) | |
441 (math-reject-arg n 'realp)) | |
442 ((not (math-realp m)) | |
443 (math-reject-arg m 'realp)) | |
444 ((not (math-num-integerp m)) | |
445 (if (and (math-num-integerp n) (math-negp n)) | |
446 (list 'calcFunc-choose n m) | |
447 (math-div (calcFunc-fact (math-float n)) | |
448 (math-mul (calcFunc-fact m) | |
449 (calcFunc-fact (math-sub n m)))))) | |
450 ((math-negp m) 0) | |
451 ((math-negp n) | |
452 (let ((val (calcFunc-choose (math-add (math-add n m) -1) m))) | |
453 (if (math-evenp (math-trunc m)) | |
454 val | |
455 (math-neg val)))) | |
456 ((and (math-num-integerp n) | |
457 (Math-lessp n m)) | |
458 0) | |
459 (t | |
460 (math-inexact-result) | |
461 (let ((tm (math-trunc m))) | |
462 (or (integerp tm) (math-reject-arg tm 'fixnump)) | |
463 (if (> tm 100) | |
464 (math-div (calcFunc-fact (math-float n)) | |
465 (math-mul (calcFunc-fact (math-float m)) | |
466 (calcFunc-fact (math-float | |
467 (math-sub n m))))) | |
468 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
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469 (math-choose-float-iter tm n 1 1))))))) |
40785 | 470 |
471 (defun math-choose-iter (m n i c) | |
472 (if (and (= (% i 5) 1) (> i 5)) | |
473 (math-working (format "choose(%d)" (1- i)) c)) | |
474 (if (<= i m) | |
475 (math-choose-iter m (1- n) (1+ i) | |
476 (math-quotient (math-mul c n) i)) | |
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477 c)) |
40785 | 478 |
479 (defun math-choose-float-iter (count n i c) | |
480 (if (= (% i 5) 1) | |
481 (math-working (format "choose(%d)" (1- i)) c)) | |
482 (if (> count 0) | |
483 (math-choose-float-iter (1- count) (math-sub n 1) (1+ i) | |
484 (math-div (math-mul c n) i)) | |
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485 c)) |
40785 | 486 |
487 | |
488 ;;; Stirling numbers. | |
489 | |
490 (defun calcFunc-stir1 (n m) | |
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491 (math-stirling-number n m 1)) |
40785 | 492 |
493 (defun calcFunc-stir2 (n m) | |
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494 (math-stirling-number n m 0)) |
40785 | 495 |
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496 (defvar math-stirling-cache (vector [[1]] [[1]])) |
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497 |
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498 ;; The variable math-stirling-local-cache is local to |
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499 ;; math-stirling-number, but is used by math-stirling-1 |
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500 ;; and math-stirling-2, which are called by math-stirling-number. |
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501 (defvar math-stirling-local-cache) |
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502 |
40785 | 503 (defun math-stirling-number (n m k) |
504 (or (math-num-natnump n) (math-reject-arg n 'natnump)) | |
505 (or (math-num-natnump m) (math-reject-arg m 'natnump)) | |
506 (if (consp n) (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
507 (or (integerp n) (math-reject-arg n 'fixnump)) | |
508 (if (consp m) (setq m (math-trunc m))) | |
509 (or (integerp m) (math-reject-arg m 'fixnump)) | |
510 (if (< n m) | |
511 0 | |
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512 (let ((math-stirling-local-cache (aref math-stirling-cache k))) |
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513 (while (<= (length math-stirling-local-cache) n) |
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514 (let ((i (1- (length math-stirling-local-cache))) |
40785 | 515 row) |
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516 (setq math-stirling-local-cache |
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517 (vconcat math-stirling-local-cache |
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518 (make-vector (length math-stirling-local-cache) nil))) |
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519 (aset math-stirling-cache k math-stirling-local-cache) |
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520 (while (< (setq i (1+ i)) (length math-stirling-local-cache)) |
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521 (aset math-stirling-local-cache i (setq row (make-vector (1+ i) nil))) |
40785 | 522 (aset row 0 0) |
523 (aset row i 1)))) | |
524 (if (= k 1) | |
525 (math-stirling-1 n m) | |
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526 (math-stirling-2 n m))))) |
40785 | 527 |
528 (defun math-stirling-1 (n m) | |
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529 (or (aref (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m) |
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530 (aset (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m |
40785 | 531 (math-add (math-stirling-1 (1- n) (1- m)) |
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532 (math-mul (- 1 n) (math-stirling-1 (1- n) m)))))) |
40785 | 533 |
534 (defun math-stirling-2 (n m) | |
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535 (or (aref (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m) |
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536 (aset (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m |
40785 | 537 (math-add (math-stirling-2 (1- n) (1- m)) |
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538 (math-mul m (math-stirling-2 (1- n) m)))))) |
40785 | 539 |
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540 (defvar math-random-table nil) |
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541 (defvar math-last-RandSeed nil) |
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542 (defvar math-random-ptr1 nil) |
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543 (defvar math-random-ptr2 nil) |
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544 (defvar math-random-shift nil) |
40785 | 545 |
546 ;;; Produce a random 10-bit integer, with (random) if no seed provided, | |
547 ;;; or else with Numerical Recipes algorithm ran3 / Knuth 3.2.2-A. | |
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548 |
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549 (defvar var-RandSeed) |
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550 (defvar math-random-cache nil) |
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551 (defvar math-gaussian-cache nil) |
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552 |
40785 | 553 (defun math-init-random-base () |
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554 (if (and (boundp 'var-RandSeed) var-RandSeed) |
40785 | 555 (if (eq (car-safe var-RandSeed) 'vec) |
556 nil | |
557 (if (Math-integerp var-RandSeed) | |
558 (let* ((seed (math-sub 161803 var-RandSeed)) | |
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559 (mj (1+ (math-mod seed 1000000))) |
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560 (mk (1+ (math-mod (math-quotient seed 1000000) |
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561 1000000))) |
40785 | 562 (i 0)) |
563 (setq math-random-table (cons 'vec (make-list 55 mj))) | |
564 (while (<= (setq i (1+ i)) 54) | |
565 (let* ((ii (% (* i 21) 55)) | |
566 (p (nthcdr ii math-random-table))) | |
567 (setcar p mk) | |
568 (setq mk (- mj mk) | |
569 mj (car p))))) | |
570 (math-reject-arg var-RandSeed "*RandSeed must be an integer")) | |
571 (setq var-RandSeed (list 'vec var-RandSeed) | |
572 math-random-ptr1 math-random-table | |
573 math-random-cache nil | |
574 math-random-ptr2 (nthcdr 31 math-random-table)) | |
575 (let ((i 200)) | |
576 (while (> (setq i (1- i)) 0) | |
577 (math-random-base)))) | |
578 (random t) | |
579 (setq var-RandSeed nil | |
580 math-random-cache nil | |
581 math-random-shift -4) ; assume RAND_MAX >= 16383 | |
582 ;; This exercises the random number generator and also helps | |
583 ;; deduce a better value for RAND_MAX. | |
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584 (let ((i 0)) |
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585 (while (< (setq i (1+ i)) 30) |
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586 (if (> (lsh (math-abs (random)) math-random-shift) 4095) |
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587 (setq math-random-shift (1- math-random-shift)))))) |
40785 | 588 (setq math-last-RandSeed var-RandSeed |
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589 math-gaussian-cache nil)) |
40785 | 590 |
591 (defun math-random-base () | |
592 (if var-RandSeed | |
593 (progn | |
594 (setq math-random-ptr1 (or (cdr math-random-ptr1) | |
595 (cdr math-random-table)) | |
596 math-random-ptr2 (or (cdr math-random-ptr2) | |
597 (cdr math-random-table))) | |
598 (logand (lsh (setcar math-random-ptr1 | |
599 (logand (- (car math-random-ptr1) | |
600 (car math-random-ptr2)) 524287)) | |
601 -6) 1023)) | |
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602 (logand (lsh (random) math-random-shift) 1023))) |
40785 | 603 |
604 | |
605 ;;; Produce a random digit in the range 0..999. | |
606 ;;; Avoid various pitfalls that may lurk in the built-in (random) function! | |
607 ;;; Shuffling algorithm from Numerical Recipes, section 7.1. | |
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608 (defvar math-random-last) |
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609 (defun math-random-three-digit-number () |
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610 "Return a random three digit number." |
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611 (let (i) |
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612 (or (and (boundp 'var-RandSeed) (eq var-RandSeed math-last-RandSeed)) |
40785 | 613 (math-init-random-base)) |
614 (or math-random-cache | |
615 (progn | |
616 (setq math-random-last (math-random-base) | |
617 math-random-cache (make-vector 13 nil) | |
618 i -1) | |
619 (while (< (setq i (1+ i)) 13) | |
620 (aset math-random-cache i (math-random-base))))) | |
621 (while (progn | |
622 (setq i (/ math-random-last 79) ; 0 <= i < 13 | |
623 math-random-last (aref math-random-cache i)) | |
624 (aset math-random-cache i (math-random-base)) | |
625 (>= math-random-last 1000))) | |
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626 math-random-last)) |
40785 | 627 |
628 ;;; Produce an N-digit random integer. | |
629 (defun math-random-digits (n) | |
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630 "Produce a random N digit integer." |
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631 (let* ((slop (% (- 3 (% n 3)) 3)) |
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632 (i (/ (+ n slop) 3)) |
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633 (rnum 0)) |
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|
634 (while (> i 0) |
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635 (setq rnum |
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636 (math-add |
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637 (math-random-three-digit-number) |
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638 (math-mul rnum 1000))) |
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639 (setq i (1- i))) |
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640 (math-normalize (math-scale-right rnum slop)))) |
40785 | 641 |
642 ;;; Produce a uniformly-distributed random float 0 <= N < 1. | |
643 (defun math-random-float () | |
644 (math-make-float (math-random-digits calc-internal-prec) | |
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645 (- calc-internal-prec))) |
40785 | 646 |
647 ;;; Produce a Gaussian-distributed random float with mean=0, sigma=1. | |
648 (defun math-gaussian-float () | |
649 (math-with-extra-prec 2 | |
650 (if (and math-gaussian-cache | |
651 (= (car math-gaussian-cache) calc-internal-prec)) | |
652 (prog1 | |
653 (cdr math-gaussian-cache) | |
654 (setq math-gaussian-cache nil)) | |
655 (let* ((v1 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1)) | |
656 (v2 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1)) | |
657 (r (math-add (math-sqr v1) (math-sqr v2)))) | |
658 (while (or (not (Math-lessp r 1)) (math-zerop r)) | |
659 (setq v1 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1) | |
660 v2 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1) | |
661 r (math-add (math-sqr v1) (math-sqr v2)))) | |
662 (let ((fac (math-sqrt (math-mul (math-div (calcFunc-ln r) r) -2)))) | |
663 (setq math-gaussian-cache (cons calc-internal-prec | |
664 (math-mul v1 fac))) | |
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665 (math-mul v2 fac)))))) |
40785 | 666 |
667 ;;; Produce a random integer or real 0 <= N < MAX. | |
668 (defun calcFunc-random (max) | |
669 (cond ((Math-zerop max) | |
670 (math-gaussian-float)) | |
671 ((Math-integerp max) | |
672 (let* ((digs (math-numdigs max)) | |
673 (r (math-random-digits (+ digs 3)))) | |
674 (math-mod r max))) | |
675 ((Math-realp max) | |
676 (math-mul (math-random-float) max)) | |
677 ((and (eq (car max) 'intv) (math-constp max) | |
678 (Math-lessp (nth 2 max) (nth 3 max))) | |
679 (if (math-floatp max) | |
680 (let ((val (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) | |
681 (math-sub (nth 3 max) (nth 2 max))) | |
682 (nth 2 max)))) | |
683 (if (or (and (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 1)) ; almost not worth | |
684 (Math-equal val (nth 2 max))) ; checking! | |
685 (and (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 2)) | |
686 (Math-equal val (nth 3 max)))) | |
687 (calcFunc-random max) | |
688 val)) | |
689 (let ((lo (if (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 1)) | |
690 (math-add (nth 2 max) 1) (nth 2 max))) | |
691 (hi (if (memq (nth 1 max) '(1 3)) | |
692 (math-add (nth 3 max) 1) (nth 3 max)))) | |
693 (if (Math-lessp lo hi) | |
694 (math-add (calcFunc-random (math-sub hi lo)) lo) | |
695 (math-reject-arg max "*Empty interval"))))) | |
696 ((eq (car max) 'vec) | |
697 (if (cdr max) | |
698 (nth (1+ (calcFunc-random (1- (length max)))) max) | |
699 (math-reject-arg max "*Empty list"))) | |
700 ((and (eq (car max) 'sdev) (math-constp max) (Math-realp (nth 1 max))) | |
701 (math-add (math-mul (math-gaussian-float) (nth 2 max)) (nth 1 max))) | |
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702 (t (math-reject-arg max 'realp)))) |
40785 | 703 |
704 ;;; Choose N objects at random from the set MAX without duplicates. | |
705 (defun calcFunc-shuffle (n &optional max) | |
706 (or max (setq max n n -1)) | |
707 (or (and (Math-num-integerp n) | |
708 (or (natnump (setq n (math-trunc n))) (eq n -1))) | |
709 (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)) | |
710 (cond ((or (math-zerop max) | |
711 (math-floatp max) | |
712 (eq (car-safe max) 'sdev)) | |
713 (if (< n 0) | |
714 (math-reject-arg n 'natnump) | |
715 (math-simple-shuffle n max))) | |
716 ((and (<= n 1) (>= n 0)) | |
717 (math-simple-shuffle n max)) | |
718 ((and (eq (car-safe max) 'intv) (math-constp max)) | |
719 (let ((num (math-add (math-sub (nth 3 max) (nth 2 max)) | |
720 (cdr (assq (nth 1 max) | |
721 '((0 . -1) (1 . 0) | |
722 (2 . 0) (3 . 1)))))) | |
723 (min (math-add (nth 2 max) (if (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 1)) | |
724 1 0)))) | |
725 (if (< n 0) (setq n num)) | |
726 (or (math-posp num) (math-reject-arg max 'range)) | |
727 (and (Math-lessp num n) (math-reject-arg n 'range)) | |
728 (if (Math-lessp n (math-quotient num 3)) | |
729 (math-simple-shuffle n max) | |
730 (if (> (* n 4) (* num 3)) | |
731 (math-add (math-sub min 1) | |
732 (math-shuffle-list n num (calcFunc-index num))) | |
733 (let ((tot 0) | |
734 (m 0) | |
735 (vec nil)) | |
736 (while (< m n) | |
737 (if (< (calcFunc-random (- num tot)) (- n m)) | |
738 (setq vec (cons (math-add min tot) vec) | |
739 m (1+ m))) | |
740 (setq tot (1+ tot))) | |
741 (math-shuffle-list n n (cons 'vec vec))))))) | |
742 ((eq (car-safe max) 'vec) | |
743 (let ((size (1- (length max)))) | |
744 (if (< n 0) (setq n size)) | |
745 (if (and (> n (/ size 2)) (<= n size)) | |
746 (math-shuffle-list n size (copy-sequence max)) | |
747 (let* ((vals (calcFunc-shuffle | |
748 n (list 'intv 3 1 (1- (length max))))) | |
749 (p vals)) | |
750 (while (setq p (cdr p)) | |
751 (setcar p (nth (car p) max))) | |
752 vals)))) | |
753 ((math-integerp max) | |
754 (if (math-posp max) | |
755 (calcFunc-shuffle n (list 'intv 2 0 max)) | |
756 (calcFunc-shuffle n (list 'intv 1 max 0)))) | |
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757 (t (math-reject-arg max 'realp)))) |
40785 | 758 |
759 (defun math-simple-shuffle (n max) | |
760 (let ((vec nil) | |
761 val) | |
762 (while (>= (setq n (1- n)) 0) | |
763 (while (math-member (setq val (calcFunc-random max)) vec)) | |
764 (setq vec (cons val vec))) | |
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765 (cons 'vec vec))) |
40785 | 766 |
767 (defun math-shuffle-list (n size vec) | |
768 (let ((j size) | |
769 k temp | |
770 (p vec)) | |
771 (while (cdr (setq p (cdr p))) | |
772 (setq k (calcFunc-random j) | |
773 j (1- j) | |
774 temp (nth k p)) | |
775 (setcar (nthcdr k p) (car p)) | |
776 (setcar p temp)) | |
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777 (cons 'vec (nthcdr (- size n -1) vec)))) |
40785 | 778 |
779 (defun math-member (x list) | |
780 (while (and list (not (equal x (car list)))) | |
781 (setq list (cdr list))) | |
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782 list) |
40785 | 783 |
784 | |
785 ;;; Check if the integer N is prime. [X I] | |
786 ;;; Return (nil) if non-prime, | |
787 ;;; (nil N) if non-prime with known factor N, | |
788 ;;; (nil unknown) if non-prime with no known factors, | |
789 ;;; (t) if prime, | |
790 ;;; (maybe N P) if probably prime (after N iters with probability P%) | |
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791 (defvar math-prime-test-cache '(-1)) |
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792 |
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793 (defvar math-prime-test-cache-k) |
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794 (defvar math-prime-test-cache-q) |
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795 (defvar math-prime-test-cache-nm1) |
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796 |
40785 | 797 (defun math-prime-test (n iters) |
798 (if (and (Math-vectorp n) (cdr n)) | |
799 (setq n (nth (1- (length n)) n))) | |
800 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
801 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
802 (let ((res)) | |
803 (while (> iters 0) | |
804 (setq res | |
805 (cond ((and (integerp n) (<= n 5003)) | |
806 (list (= (math-next-small-prime n) n))) | |
807 ((not (Math-integerp n)) | |
808 (error "Argument must be an integer")) | |
809 ((Math-integer-negp n) | |
810 '(nil)) | |
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811 ((Math-natnum-lessp n 8000000) |
40785 | 812 (setq n (math-fixnum n)) |
813 (let ((i -1) v) | |
814 (while (and (> (% n (setq v (aref math-primes-table | |
815 (setq i (1+ i))))) | |
816 0) | |
817 (< (* v v) n))) | |
818 (if (= (% n v) 0) | |
819 (list nil v) | |
820 '(t)))) | |
821 ((not (equal n (car math-prime-test-cache))) | |
822 (cond ((= (% (nth 1 n) 2) 0) '(nil 2)) | |
823 ((= (% (nth 1 n) 5) 0) '(nil 5)) | |
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824 (t (let ((q n) (sum 0)) |
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825 (while (not (eq q 0)) |
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826 (setq sum (% |
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827 (+ |
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828 sum |
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829 (calcFunc-mod |
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830 q 1000000)) |
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831 111111)) |
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832 (setq q |
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833 (math-quotient |
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834 q 1000000))) |
40785 | 835 (cond ((= (% sum 3) 0) '(nil 3)) |
836 ((= (% sum 7) 0) '(nil 7)) | |
837 ((= (% sum 11) 0) '(nil 11)) | |
838 ((= (% sum 13) 0) '(nil 13)) | |
839 ((= (% sum 37) 0) '(nil 37)) | |
840 (t | |
841 (setq math-prime-test-cache-k 1 | |
842 math-prime-test-cache-q | |
843 (math-div2 n) | |
844 math-prime-test-cache-nm1 | |
845 (math-add n -1)) | |
846 (while (math-evenp | |
847 math-prime-test-cache-q) | |
848 (setq math-prime-test-cache-k | |
849 (1+ math-prime-test-cache-k) | |
850 math-prime-test-cache-q | |
851 (math-div2 | |
852 math-prime-test-cache-q))) | |
853 (setq iters (1+ iters)) | |
854 (list 'maybe | |
855 0 | |
856 (math-sub | |
857 100 | |
858 (math-div | |
859 '(float 232 0) | |
860 (math-numdigs n)))))))))) | |
861 ((not (eq (car (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache)) 'maybe)) | |
862 (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache)) | |
863 (t ; Fermat step | |
864 (let* ((x (math-add (calcFunc-random (math-add n -2)) 2)) | |
865 (y (math-pow-mod x math-prime-test-cache-q n)) | |
866 (j 0)) | |
867 (while (and (not (eq y 1)) | |
868 (not (equal y math-prime-test-cache-nm1)) | |
869 (< (setq j (1+ j)) math-prime-test-cache-k)) | |
870 (setq y (math-mod (math-mul y y) n))) | |
871 (if (or (equal y math-prime-test-cache-nm1) | |
872 (and (eq y 1) (eq j 0))) | |
873 (list 'maybe | |
874 (1+ (nth 1 (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache))) | |
875 (math-mul (nth 2 (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache)) | |
876 '(float 25 -2))) | |
877 '(nil unknown)))))) | |
878 (setq math-prime-test-cache (list n res) | |
879 iters (if (eq (car res) 'maybe) | |
880 (1- iters) | |
881 0))) | |
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882 res)) |
40785 | 883 |
884 (defun calcFunc-prime (n &optional iters) | |
885 (or (math-num-integerp n) (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)) | |
886 (or (not iters) (math-num-integerp iters) (math-reject-arg iters 'integerp)) | |
887 (if (car (math-prime-test (math-trunc n) (math-trunc (or iters 1)))) | |
888 1 | |
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889 0)) |
40785 | 890 |
891 ;;; Theory: summing base-10^6 digits modulo 111111 is "casting out 999999s". | |
892 ;;; Initial probability that N is prime is 1/ln(N) = log10(e)/log10(N). | |
893 ;;; After culling [2,3,5,7,11,13,37], probability of primality is 5.36 x more. | |
894 ;;; Initial reported probability of non-primality is thus 100% - this. | |
895 ;;; Each Fermat step multiplies this probability by 25%. | |
896 ;;; The Fermat step is algorithm P from Knuth section 4.5.4. | |
897 | |
898 | |
899 (defun calcFunc-prfac (n) | |
900 (setq math-prime-factors-finished t) | |
901 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
902 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
903 (if (Math-natnump n) | |
904 (if (Math-natnum-lessp 2 n) | |
905 (let (factors res p (i 0)) | |
906 (while (and (not (eq n 1)) | |
907 (< i (length math-primes-table))) | |
908 (setq p (aref math-primes-table i)) | |
909 (while (eq (cdr (setq res (cond ((eq n p) (cons 1 0)) | |
910 ((eq n 1) (cons 0 1)) | |
911 ((consp n) (math-idivmod n p)) | |
912 (t (cons (/ n p) (% n p)))))) | |
913 0) | |
914 (math-working "factor" p) | |
915 (setq factors (nconc factors (list p)) | |
916 n (car res))) | |
917 (or (eq n 1) | |
918 (Math-natnum-lessp p (car res)) | |
919 (setq factors (nconc factors (list n)) | |
920 n 1)) | |
921 (setq i (1+ i))) | |
922 (or (setq math-prime-factors-finished (eq n 1)) | |
923 (setq factors (nconc factors (list n)))) | |
924 (cons 'vec factors)) | |
925 (list 'vec n)) | |
926 (if (Math-integerp n) | |
927 (if (eq n -1) | |
928 (list 'vec n) | |
929 (cons 'vec (cons -1 (cdr (calcFunc-prfac (math-neg n)))))) | |
930 (calc-record-why 'integerp n) | |
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931 (list 'calcFunc-prfac n)))) |
40785 | 932 |
933 (defun calcFunc-totient (n) | |
934 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
935 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
936 (if (Math-natnump n) | |
937 (if (Math-natnum-lessp n 2) | |
938 (if (Math-negp n) | |
939 (calcFunc-totient (math-abs n)) | |
940 n) | |
941 (let ((factors (cdr (calcFunc-prfac n))) | |
942 p) | |
943 (if math-prime-factors-finished | |
944 (progn | |
945 (while factors | |
946 (setq p (car factors) | |
947 n (math-mul (math-div n p) (math-add p -1))) | |
948 (while (equal p (car factors)) | |
949 (setq factors (cdr factors)))) | |
950 n) | |
951 (calc-record-why "*Number too big to factor" n) | |
952 (list 'calcFunc-totient n)))) | |
953 (calc-record-why 'natnump n) | |
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954 (list 'calcFunc-totient n))) |
40785 | 955 |
956 (defun calcFunc-moebius (n) | |
957 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
958 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
959 (if (and (Math-natnump n) (not (eq n 0))) | |
960 (if (Math-natnum-lessp n 2) | |
961 (if (Math-negp n) | |
962 (calcFunc-moebius (math-abs n)) | |
963 1) | |
964 (let ((factors (cdr (calcFunc-prfac n))) | |
965 (mu 1)) | |
966 (if math-prime-factors-finished | |
967 (progn | |
968 (while factors | |
969 (setq mu (if (equal (car factors) (nth 1 factors)) | |
970 0 (math-neg mu)) | |
971 factors (cdr factors))) | |
972 mu) | |
973 (calc-record-why "Number too big to factor" n) | |
974 (list 'calcFunc-moebius n)))) | |
975 (calc-record-why 'posintp n) | |
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976 (list 'calcFunc-moebius n))) |
40785 | 977 |
978 | |
979 (defun calcFunc-nextprime (n &optional iters) | |
980 (if (Math-integerp n) | |
981 (if (Math-integer-negp n) | |
982 2 | |
983 (if (and (integerp n) (< n 5003)) | |
984 (math-next-small-prime (1+ n)) | |
985 (if (math-evenp n) | |
986 (setq n (math-add n -1))) | |
987 (let (res) | |
988 (while (not (car (setq res (math-prime-test | |
989 (setq n (math-add n 2)) | |
990 (or iters 1)))))) | |
991 (if (and calc-verbose-nextprime | |
992 (eq (car res) 'maybe)) | |
993 (calc-report-prime-test res))) | |
994 n)) | |
995 (if (Math-realp n) | |
996 (calcFunc-nextprime (math-trunc n) iters) | |
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997 (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)))) |
40785 | 998 |
999 (defun calcFunc-prevprime (n &optional iters) | |
1000 (if (Math-integerp n) | |
1001 (if (Math-lessp n 4) | |
1002 2 | |
1003 (if (math-evenp n) | |
1004 (setq n (math-add n 1))) | |
1005 (let (res) | |
1006 (while (not (car (setq res (math-prime-test | |
1007 (setq n (math-add n -2)) | |
1008 (or iters 1)))))) | |
1009 (if (and calc-verbose-nextprime | |
1010 (eq (car res) 'maybe)) | |
1011 (calc-report-prime-test res))) | |
1012 n) | |
1013 (if (Math-realp n) | |
1014 (calcFunc-prevprime (math-ceiling n) iters) | |
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1015 (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)))) |
40785 | 1016 |
1017 (defun math-next-small-prime (n) | |
1018 (if (and (integerp n) (> n 2)) | |
1019 (let ((lo -1) | |
1020 (hi (length math-primes-table)) | |
1021 mid) | |
1022 (while (> (- hi lo) 1) | |
1023 (if (> n (aref math-primes-table | |
1024 (setq mid (ash (+ lo hi) -1)))) | |
1025 (setq lo mid) | |
1026 (setq hi mid))) | |
1027 (aref math-primes-table hi)) | |
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1028 2)) |
40785 | 1029 |
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1030 (provide 'calc-comb) |
40785 | 1031 |
52401 | 1032 ;;; arch-tag: 1d75ee9b-0815-42bd-a321-bb3dc001cc02 |
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1033 ;;; calc-comb.el ends here |