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annotate INSTALL @ 26373:e05151bc6531
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author | Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org> |
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date | Sun, 07 Nov 1999 15:53:30 +0000 |
parents | 3a3ec0d0725d |
children | 1384b7926bb1 |
rev | line source |
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3199 | 1 GNU Emacs Installation Guide |
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2 Copyright (c) 1992, 1994, 1996, 1997 Free software Foundation, Inc. |
3199 | 3 |
4 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies | |
5 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the | |
6 copyright notice and permission notice are preserved, | |
7 and that the distributor grants the recipient permission | |
8 for further redistribution as permitted by this notice. | |
9 | |
10 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions | |
11 of this document, or of portions of it, | |
12 under the above conditions, provided also that they | |
13 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them, | |
14 and that any new or changed statements about the activities | |
15 of the Free Software Foundation are approved by the Foundation. | |
16 | |
17 | |
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18 ADDITIONAL DISTRIBUTION FILES |
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19 |
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20 * leim-M.N.tar.gz |
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21 |
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22 The Emacs Lisp code for input methods for various international |
24799 | 23 character scripts is distributed in a separate tar file because it |
24 amounts to a significant fraction of the size of the distribution. | |
25 This tar file is called leim-M.N.tar.gz, with the same version number | |
26 as Emacs, and it unpacks into the directory emacs-M.N/leim. | |
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27 |
24799 | 28 You should unpack leim-M.N.tar.gz into the same directory where you |
29 have previously unpacked the main Emacs distribution. It fills in the | |
30 contents of one subdirectory, which is present in the main Emacs | |
31 distribution only in dummy form. | |
32 | |
33 Once you have unpacked the Leim tar file into the Emacs source tree, | |
34 building and installing Emacs automatically installs the input method | |
35 support as well. If you have built Emacs without unpacking Leim | |
36 first, just unpack Leim, build Emacs again, and install it again. | |
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37 |
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38 * intlfonts-VERSION.tar.gz |
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39 |
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40 The intlfonts distribution contains X11 fonts that Emacs needs in |
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41 order to display international characters. If you see a non-ASCII |
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42 character appear as a hollow box, that means you don't have a font for |
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43 it. You might find a font in the intlfonts distribution. If some |
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44 characters don't look right, or appear improperly aligned, a font |
20213 | 45 from the intlfonts distribution might look better. |
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46 |
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47 The fonts in the intlfonts distribution are also used by the ps-print |
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48 package for printing international characters. The file |
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49 lisp/ps-mule.el defines the .bdf font files required for printing |
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50 each character set. |
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51 |
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52 The intlfonts distribution contains its own installation instructions, |
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53 in the intlfonts/README file. |
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54 |
26326 | 55 * elisp-manual-EMACSVERSION-MANVERSION.tar.gz |
26271 | 56 |
57 This is the Emacs Lisp Reference for programmers, containing an | |
58 in-depth discussion of Emacs Lisp and Emacs internals. The | |
59 distribution contains the Texinfo source files for the Reference | |
60 Manual. The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is quite large. It contains | |
61 around 900 pages in smallbook format; the info files total almost two | |
62 megabytes. The package contains installation instructions of its own. | |
63 | |
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64 |
3199 | 65 BUILDING AND INSTALLATION: |
15209 | 66 |
67 (This is for a Unix or Unix-like system. For MSDOS, see below; search | |
68 for MSDOG. For Windows NT or Windows 95, see the file nt/INSTALL.) | |
3199 | 69 |
70 1) Make sure your system has enough swapping space allocated to handle | |
71 a program whose pure code is 900k bytes and whose data area is at | |
72 least 400k and can reach 8Mb or more. If the swapping space is | |
73 insufficient, you will get an error in the command `temacs -batch -l | |
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74 loadup dump', found in `./src/Makefile.in', or possibly when |
6062 | 75 running the final dumped Emacs. |
3199 | 76 |
12620 | 77 Building Emacs requires about 70 Mb of disk space (including the Emacs |
78 sources). Once installed, Emacs occupies about 35 Mb in the file | |
6062 | 79 system where it is installed; this includes the executable files, Lisp |
80 libraries, miscellaneous data files, and on-line documentation. If | |
81 the building and installation take place in different directories, | |
12620 | 82 then the installation procedure momentarily requires 70+35 Mb. |
3199 | 83 |
84 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should | |
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85 give to the `configure' program. That file offers hints for |
3199 | 86 getting around some possible installation problems. |
87 | |
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88 3) You can build Emacs in the top-level Emacs source directory |
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89 or in a separate directory. |
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90 |
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91 3a) To build in the top-level Emacs source directory, go to that |
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92 directory and run the program `configure' as follows: |
3199 | 93 |
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94 ./configure [CONFIGURATION-NAME] [--OPTION[=VALUE]] ... |
3199 | 95 |
96 The CONFIGURATION-NAME argument should be a configuration name given | |
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97 in `./etc/MACHINES', with the system version number added at the end. |
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98 |
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99 You should try first omitting CONFIGURATION-NAME. This way, |
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100 `configure' will try to guess your system type. If it cannot guess, |
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101 or if something goes wrong in building or installing Emacs this way, |
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102 try again specifying the proper CONFIGURATION-NAME explicitly. |
3199 | 103 |
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104 If you don't want X support, specify `--with-x=no'. If you omit this |
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105 option, `configure' will try to figure out for itself whether your |
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106 system has X, and arrange to use it if present. |
3199 | 107 |
108 The `--x-includes=DIR' and `--x-libraries=DIR' options tell the build | |
109 process where the compiler should look for the include files and | |
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110 object libraries used with the X Window System. Normally, `configure' |
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111 is able to find them; these options are necessary if you have your X |
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112 Window System files installed in unusual places. These options also |
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113 accept a list of directories, separated with colons. |
6062 | 114 |
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115 To get more attractive menus, you can specify an X toolkit when you |
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116 configure Emacs; use the option `--with-x-toolkit=TOOLKIT', where |
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117 TOOLKIT is `athena' or `motif' (`yes' and `lucid' are synonyms for |
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118 `athena'). On some systems, it does not work to use a toolkit with |
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119 shared libraries. |
3199 | 120 |
121 The `--with-gcc' option specifies that the build process should | |
122 compile Emacs using GCC. If you don't want to use GCC, specify | |
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123 `--with-gcc=no'. If you omit this option, `configure' will search |
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124 for GCC in your path, and use it if present. |
3199 | 125 |
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126 If you want the Emacs mail reader RMAIL to read mail from a POP |
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127 server, you must specify `--with-pop'. This provides support for the |
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128 POP3 protocol; older versions are not supported. For |
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129 Kerberos-authenticated POP add `--with-kerberos', for Hesiod support |
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130 add `--with-hesiod'. These options enable Emacs to use POP; whether |
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131 Emacs uses POP is controlled by individual users--see the Rmail |
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132 chapter of the Emacs manual. |
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133 |
3199 | 134 The `--prefix=PREFIXDIR' option specifies where the installation process |
135 should put emacs and its data files. This defaults to `/usr/local'. | |
136 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in PREFIXDIR/bin | |
137 (unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise). | |
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138 - The architecture-independent files go in PREFIXDIR/share/emacs/VERSION |
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139 (where VERSION is the version number of Emacs, like `19.27'). |
3199 | 140 - The architecture-dependent files go in |
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141 PREFIXDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION |
3199 | 142 (where CONFIGURATION is the configuration name, like mips-dec-ultrix4.2), |
143 unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise. | |
144 | |
145 The `--exec-prefix=EXECDIR' option allows you to specify a separate | |
146 portion of the directory tree for installing architecture-specific | |
147 files, like executables and utility programs. If specified, | |
148 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in EXECDIR/bin, and | |
149 - The architecture-dependent files go in | |
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150 EXECDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION. |
3199 | 151 EXECDIR/bin should be a directory that is normally in users' PATHs. |
152 | |
153 For example, the command | |
154 | |
155 ./configure mips-dec-ultrix --with-x11 | |
156 | |
157 configures Emacs to build for a DECstation running Ultrix, with | |
158 support for the X11 window system. | |
159 | |
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160 `configure' doesn't do any compilation or installation |
3199 | 161 itself. It just creates the files that influence those things: |
9499 | 162 `./Makefile', `lib-src/Makefile', `oldXMenu/Makefile', |
163 `lwlib/Makefile', `src/Makefile', and `./src/config.h'. For details | |
164 on exactly what it does, see the section called `CONFIGURATION BY | |
165 HAND', below. | |
3199 | 166 |
167 When it is done, `configure' prints a description of what it did and | |
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168 creates a shell script `config.status' which, when run, recreates the |
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169 same configuration. If `configure' exits with an error after |
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170 disturbing the status quo, it removes `config.status'. `configure' |
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171 also creates a file `config.cache' that saves the results of its tests |
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172 to make reconfiguring faster, and a file `config.log' containing compiler |
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173 output (useful mainly for debugging `configure'). You can give |
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174 `configure' the option `--cache-file=FILE' to use the results of the |
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175 tests in FILE instead of `config.cache'. Set FILE to `/dev/null' to |
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176 disable caching, for debugging `configure'. |
3199 | 177 |
178 The work of `configure' can be done by editing various files in the | |
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179 distribution, but using `configure' is easier. See the section called |
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180 "CONFIGURATION BY HAND" below if you want to do the configuration |
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181 yourself. |
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182 |
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183 3b) To build in a separate directory, go to that directory |
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184 and run the program `configure' as follows: |
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185 |
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186 SOURCE-DIR/configure CONFIGURATION-NAME [--OPTION[=VALUE]] ... |
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187 |
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188 SOURCE-DIR refers to the top-level Emacs source directory which is |
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189 where Emacs's configure script is located. `configure' looks for the |
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190 Emacs source code in the directory that `configure' is in. |
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191 |
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192 To build in a separate directory, you must use a version of `make' |
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193 that supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. |
3199 | 194 |
21692 | 195 3c) Some people try to build in a separate directory by filling |
196 it full of symlinks to the files in the real source directory. | |
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197 If you do that, `make all' does work, but `make install' fails: |
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198 it copies the symbolic links rather than the actual files. |
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199 |
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200 As far as is known, there is no particular reason to use |
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201 a directory full of links rather than use the standard GNU |
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202 facilities to build in a separate directory (see 3b above). |
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203 |
3199 | 204 4) Look at `./lisp/paths.el'; if some of those values are not right |
11905 | 205 for your system, set up the file `./lisp/site-init.el' with Emacs |
206 Lisp code to override them; it is not a good idea to edit paths.el | |
3199 | 207 itself. YOU MUST USE THE LISP FUNCTION `setq' TO ASSIGN VALUES, |
208 rather than `defvar', as used by `./lisp/paths.el'. For example, | |
209 | |
210 (setq news-inews-program "/usr/bin/inews") | |
211 | |
212 is how you would override the default value of the variable | |
213 news-inews-program (which is "/usr/local/inews"). | |
214 | |
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215 Before you override a variable this way, *look at the value* that the |
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216 variable gets by default! Make sure you know what kind of value the |
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217 variable should have. If you don't pay attention to what you are |
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218 doing, you'll make a mistake. |
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219 |
6062 | 220 5) Put into `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/site-load.el' any Emacs |
221 Lisp code you want Emacs to load before it is dumped out. Use | |
222 site-load.el for additional libraries if you arrange for their | |
223 documentation strings to be in the etc/DOC file (see | |
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224 src/Makefile.in if you wish to figure out how to do that). For all |
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225 else, use site-init.el. Do not load byte-compiled code which |
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226 was build with a non-nil value of `byte-compile-dynamic'. |
3199 | 227 |
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228 If you set load-path to a different value in site-init.el or |
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229 site-load.el, Emacs will use *precisely* that value when it starts up |
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230 again. If you do this, you are on your own! |
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231 |
3199 | 232 Note that, on some systems, the code you place in site-init.el must |
233 not use expand-file-name or any other function which may look | |
234 something up in the system's password and user information database. | |
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235 See `./etc/PROBLEMS' for more details on which systems this affects. |
3199 | 236 |
7627 | 237 The `site-*.el' files are nonexistent in the distribution. You do not |
238 need to create them if you have nothing to put in them. | |
3199 | 239 |
240 6) Refer to the file `./etc/TERMS' for information on fields you may | |
241 wish to add to various termcap entries. The files `./etc/termcap.ucb' | |
242 and `./etc/termcap.dat' may already contain appropriately-modified | |
243 entries. | |
244 | |
245 7) Run `make' in the top directory of the Emacs distribution to finish | |
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246 building Emacs in the standard way. The final executable file is |
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247 named `src/emacs'. You can execute this file "in place" without |
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248 copying it, if you wish; then it automatically uses the sibling |
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249 directories ../lisp, ../lib-src, ../info. |
3199 | 250 |
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251 Or you can "install" the executable and the other Emacs into their |
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252 installed locations, with `make install'. By default, Emacs's files |
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253 are installed in the following directories: |
3199 | 254 |
255 `/usr/local/bin' holds the executable programs users normally run - | |
7864 | 256 `emacs', `etags', `ctags', `b2m', `emacsclient', |
257 and `rcs-checkin'. | |
3199 | 258 |
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259 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp' holds the Emacs Lisp library; |
3199 | 260 `VERSION' stands for the number of the Emacs version |
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261 you are installing, like `18.59' or `19.27'. Since the |
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262 Lisp library changes from one version of Emacs to |
3199 | 263 another, including the version number in the path |
264 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed | |
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265 at the same time; in particular, you don't have to |
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266 make Emacs unavailable while installing a new version. |
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267 |
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268 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp |
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269 files installed for Emacs version VERSION only. |
3199 | 270 |
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271 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp |
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272 files installed for all Emacs versions. |
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273 |
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274 When Emacs is installed, it searches for its Lisp files |
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275 in `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp', then in |
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276 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp', and finally in |
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277 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp'. |
3199 | 278 |
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279 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/etc' holds the Emacs tutorial, the DOC |
3199 | 280 file, the `yow' database, and other |
281 architecture-independent files Emacs might need while | |
282 running. VERSION is as specified for `.../lisp'. | |
283 | |
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284 `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME' contains executable |
3199 | 285 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to |
286 run themselves. | |
287 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are | |
288 installing, and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument | |
289 you gave to the `configure' program to identify the | |
290 architecture and operating system of your machine, | |
291 like `mips-dec-ultrix' or `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since | |
292 these files are specific to the version of Emacs, | |
293 operating system, and architecture in use, including | |
294 the configuration name in the path allows you to have | |
295 several versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and | |
296 operating systems installed at the same time; this is | |
297 useful for sites at which different kinds of machines | |
298 share the file system Emacs is installed on. | |
299 | |
300 `/usr/local/info' holds the on-line documentation for Emacs, known as | |
301 "info files". Many other GNU programs are documented | |
302 using info files as well, so this directory stands | |
303 apart from the other, Emacs-specific directories. | |
304 | |
305 `/usr/local/man/man1' holds the man pages for the programs installed | |
306 in `/usr/local/bin'. | |
307 | |
308 If these directories are not what you want, you can specify where to | |
309 install Emacs's libraries and data files or where Emacs should search | |
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310 for its Lisp files by giving values for `make' variables as part of |
3199 | 311 the command. See the section below called `MAKE VARIABLES' for more |
312 information on this. | |
313 | |
314 8) Check the file `dir' in your site's info directory (usually | |
315 /usr/local/info) to make sure that it has a menu entry for the Emacs | |
316 info files. | |
317 | |
6062 | 318 9) If your system uses lock files to interlock access to mailer inbox files, |
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319 then you might need to make the movemail program setuid or setgid |
6062 | 320 to enable it to write the lock files. We believe this is safe. |
321 | |
12620 | 322 10) You are done! You can remove executables and object files from |
323 the build directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the files | |
324 that `configure' created (so you can compile Emacs for a different | |
325 configuration), type `make distclean'. | |
326 | |
3199 | 327 |
328 | |
329 MAKE VARIABLES | |
330 | |
331 You can change where the build process installs Emacs and its data | |
332 files by specifying values for `make' variables as part of the `make' | |
333 command line. For example, if you type | |
334 | |
335 make install bindir=/usr/local/gnubin | |
336 | |
337 the `bindir=/usr/local/gnubin' argument indicates that the Emacs | |
338 executable files should go in `/usr/local/gnubin', not | |
339 `/usr/local/bin'. | |
340 | |
341 Here is a complete list of the variables you may want to set. | |
342 | |
343 `bindir' indicates where to put executable programs that users can | |
344 run. This defaults to /usr/local/bin. | |
345 | |
346 `datadir' indicates where to put the architecture-independent | |
347 read-only data files that Emacs refers to while it runs; it | |
9499 | 348 defaults to /usr/local/share. We create the following |
3199 | 349 subdirectories under `datadir': |
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350 - `emacs/VERSION/lisp', containing the Emacs Lisp library, and |
3199 | 351 - `emacs/VERSION/etc', containing the Emacs tutorial, the DOC |
352 file, and the `yow' database. | |
353 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing, | |
354 like `18.59' or `19.0'. Since these files vary from one version | |
355 of Emacs to another, including the version number in the path | |
356 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed at the | |
357 same time; this means that you don't have to make Emacs | |
358 unavailable while installing a new version. | |
359 | |
9499 | 360 `libexecdir' indicates where to put architecture-specific data files that |
361 Emacs refers to as it runs; it defaults to `/usr/local/libexec'. | |
362 We create the following subdirectories under `libexecdir': | |
3199 | 363 - `emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME', containing executable |
364 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to run | |
365 themselves. | |
366 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing, | |
367 and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument you gave to the | |
368 `configure' program to identify the architecture and operating | |
369 system of your machine, like `mips-dec-ultrix' or | |
370 `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since these files are specific to the version | |
371 of Emacs, operating system, and architecture in use, including | |
372 the configuration name in the path allows you to have several | |
373 versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and operating systems | |
374 installed at the same time; this is useful for sites at which | |
375 different kinds of machines share the file system Emacs is | |
376 installed on. | |
377 | |
378 `infodir' indicates where to put the info files distributed with | |
379 Emacs; it defaults to `/usr/local/info'. | |
380 | |
381 `mandir' indicates where to put the man pages for Emacs and its | |
382 utilities (like `etags'); it defaults to | |
383 `/usr/local/man/man1'. | |
384 | |
385 `manext' gives the extension the man pages should be installed with. | |
386 It should contain a period, followed by the appropriate | |
387 digit. It defaults to `.1'. For example given the default | |
388 values for `mandir' and `manext', the Emacs man page would be | |
389 installed as `/usr/local/man/man1/emacs.1'. | |
390 | |
391 `prefix' doesn't give a path for any specific part of Emacs; instead, | |
392 its value is used to determine the defaults for all the | |
393 architecture-independent path variables - `datadir', | |
9499 | 394 `sharedstatedir', `infodir', and `mandir'. Its default value is |
3199 | 395 `/usr/local'; the other variables add on `lib' or `man' to it |
396 by default. | |
397 | |
398 For example, suppose your site generally places GNU software | |
399 under `/usr/users/software/gnusoft' instead of `/usr/local'. | |
400 By including | |
401 `prefix=/usr/users/software/gnusoft' | |
402 in the arguments to `make', you can instruct the build process | |
403 to place all of the Emacs data files in the appropriate | |
404 directories under that path. | |
405 | |
406 `exec_prefix' serves the same purpose as `prefix', but instead | |
407 determines the default values for the architecture-dependent | |
9499 | 408 path variables - `bindir' and `libexecdir'. |
3199 | 409 |
410 The above variables serve analogous purposes in the makefiles for all | |
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411 GNU software; this variable is specific to Emacs. |
3199 | 412 |
12620 | 413 `archlibdir' indicates where Emacs installs and expects the executable |
414 files and other architecture-dependent data it uses while | |
415 running. Its default value, based on `libexecdir' (which | |
416 see), is `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME' | |
3199 | 417 (where VERSION and CONFIGURATION-NAME are as described above). |
418 | |
419 Remember that you must specify any variable values you need each time | |
420 you run `make' in the top directory. If you run `make' once to build | |
421 emacs, test it, and then run `make' again to install the files, you | |
422 must provide the same variable settings each time. To make the | |
423 settings persist, you can edit them into the `Makefile' in the top | |
424 directory, but be aware that running the `configure' program erases | |
425 `Makefile' and rebuilds it from `Makefile.in'. | |
426 | |
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427 The path for finding Lisp files is specified in src/paths.h, |
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428 a file which is generated by running configure. To change the path, |
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429 you can edit the definition of PATH_LOADSEARCH in that file |
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430 before you run `make'. |
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431 |
3199 | 432 The top-level Makefile stores the variable settings it used in the |
433 Makefiles for the subdirectories, so you don't have to specify them | |
434 when running make in the subdirectories. | |
435 | |
436 | |
437 CONFIGURATION BY HAND | |
438 | |
7864 | 439 Instead of running the `configure' program, you have to perform the |
440 following steps. | |
3199 | 441 |
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442 1) Copy `./src/config.in' to `./src/config.h'. |
3199 | 443 |
444 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should | |
445 use for your system. Look at the code of the `configure' script to | |
446 see which operating system and architecture description files from | |
447 `src/s' and `src/m' should be used for that configuration name. Edit | |
448 `src/config.h', and change the two `#include' directives to include | |
449 the appropriate system and architecture description files. | |
450 | |
451 2) Edit `./src/config.h' to set the right options for your system. If | |
452 you need to override any of the definitions in the s/*.h and m/*.h | |
453 files for your system and machine, do so by editing config.h, not by | |
454 changing the s/*.h and m/*.h files. Occasionally you may need to | |
455 redefine parameters used in `./lib-src/movemail.c'. | |
456 | |
7864 | 457 3) Create src/Makefile and lib-src/Makefile from the corresponding |
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458 `Makefile.in' files. First copy `Makefile.in' to `Makefile.c', |
14020 | 459 then edit in appropriate substitutions for the @...@ constructs, |
7864 | 460 and then copy the shell commands near the end of `configure' |
461 that run cpp to construct `Makefile'. | |
3199 | 462 |
7864 | 463 4) Create `Makefile' files in various other directories |
464 from the corresponding `Makefile.in' files. This isn't so hard, | |
465 just a matter of substitution. | |
3199 | 466 |
467 The `configure' script is built from `configure.in' by the `autoconf' | |
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468 program. You need version 2.0 or newer of `autoconf' to rebuild `configure'. |
3199 | 469 |
470 BUILDING GNU EMACS BY HAND | |
471 | |
9507 | 472 Once Emacs is configured, running `make' in the top directory performs |
473 the following steps. | |
3199 | 474 |
475 1) Run `make src/paths.h' in the top directory. This produces | |
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476 `./src/paths.h' from the template file `./src/paths.in', changing |
3199 | 477 the paths to the values specified in `./Makefile'. |
478 | |
7864 | 479 2) Go to directory `./lib-src' and run `make'. This creates |
480 executables named `ctags' and `etags' and `wakeup' and `make-docfile' | |
481 and `digest-doc' and `test-distrib'. And others. | |
3199 | 482 |
7864 | 483 3) Go to directory `./src' and Run `make'. This refers to files in |
484 the `./lisp' and `./lib-src' subdirectories using names `../lisp' and | |
3199 | 485 `../lib-src'. |
486 | |
487 This creates a file `./src/emacs' which is the runnable Emacs, | |
7864 | 488 which has another name that contains a version number. |
489 Each time you do this, that version number increments in the last place. | |
3199 | 490 |
491 It also creates a file in `./etc' whose name is `DOC' followed by the | |
492 current Emacs version. This file contains documentation strings for | |
493 all the functions in Emacs. Each time you run make to make a new | |
494 emacs, a new DOC file with a new name is made. You must keep the DOC | |
495 file for an Emacs version as long as you keep using that Emacs | |
496 version. | |
497 | |
498 | |
499 INSTALLATION BY HAND | |
500 | |
9507 | 501 The steps below are done by running `make install' in the main |
502 directory of the Emacs distribution. | |
3199 | 503 |
504 1) Copy `./lisp' and its subdirectories, `./etc', and the executables | |
505 in `./lib-src' to their final destinations, as selected in `./src/paths.h'. | |
506 | |
507 Strictly speaking, not all of the executables in `./lib-src' need be copied. | |
7627 | 508 - The programs `cvtmail', `emacsserver', `fakemail', `hexl', |
7864 | 509 `movemail', `profile', `rcs2log', `timer', `vcdiff', `wakeup', |
510 and `yow' are used by Emacs; they do need to be copied. | |
511 - The programs `etags', `ctags', `emacsclient', `b2m', and `rcs-checkin' | |
3199 | 512 are intended to be run by users; they are handled below. |
9498 | 513 - The programs `make-docfile' and `test-distrib' were |
3199 | 514 used in building Emacs, and are not needed any more. |
515 - The programs `digest-doc' and `sorted-doc' convert a `DOC' file into | |
516 a file for users to read. There is no important reason to move them. | |
517 | |
518 2) Copy the files in `./info' to the place specified in | |
519 `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/paths.el'. Note that if the | |
520 destination directory already contains a file named `dir', you | |
521 probably don't want to replace it with the `dir' file in the Emacs | |
522 distribution. Instead, you should make sure that the existing `dir' | |
523 file contains an appropriate menu entry for the Emacs info. | |
524 | |
23353 | 525 3) Copy `./src/emacs' to `/usr/local/bin', or to some other directory |
3199 | 526 in users' search paths. `./src/emacs' has an alternate name |
527 `./src/emacs-EMACSVERSION'; you may wish to make a symbolic link named | |
528 `/usr/local/bin/emacs' pointing to that alternate name, as an easy way | |
529 of installing different versions. | |
530 | |
531 You can delete `./src/temacs'. | |
532 | |
23353 | 533 4) Copy the programs `b2m', `emacsclient', `ctags', `etags', and |
7864 | 534 `rcs-checkin' from `./lib-src' to `/usr/local/bin'. These programs are |
3199 | 535 intended for users to run. |
536 | |
23353 | 537 5) Copy the man pages in `./etc' for emacs, ctags, and etags into the |
3199 | 538 appropriate man directories. |
539 | |
23353 | 540 6) The files in the `./src' subdirectory, except for `emacs', are not |
7864 | 541 used by Emacs once it is built. However, it is very desirable to keep |
542 the source on line for debugging. | |
3199 | 543 |
544 | |
545 PROBLEMS | |
546 | |
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547 See the file PROBLEMS in etc subdirectory for a list of various |
3199 | 548 problems sometimes encountered, and what to do about them. |
549 | |
550 | |
6062 | 551 Installation on MSDOG (a.k.a. MSDOS) |
552 | |
7627 | 553 To install on MSDOG, you need to have the GNU C compiler for MSDOG |
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554 (also known as djgpp), GNU Make, rm, mv, and sed. See the remarks in |
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555 config.bat for more information about locations and versions. The |
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556 file etc/FAQ includes pointers to Internet sites where you can find |
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557 the necessary utilities; search for "MS-DOS". The configuration step |
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558 (see below) will test for these utilities and will refuse to continue |
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559 if any of them isn't found. |
6062 | 560 |
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561 If you are building the MSDOG version of Emacs on an MSDOG-like system |
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562 which supports long file names (e.g. Windows 95), you need to make |
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563 sure that long file names are handled consistently both when you |
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564 unpack the distribution and compile it. If you intend to compile with |
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565 DJGPP v2.0 or later, and long file names support is enabled (LFN=y in |
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566 the environment), you need to unpack Emacs distribution in a way that |
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567 doesn't truncate the original long filenames to the DOS 8.3 namespace; |
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Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
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568 the easiest way to do this is to use djtar program which comes with |
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569 DJGPP, since it will note the LFN setting and behave accordingly. |
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570 DJGPP v1 doesn't support long filenames, so you must unpack Emacs with |
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571 a program that truncates the filenames to 8.3 naming as it extracts |
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572 files; again, using djtar after setting LFN=n is the recommended way. |
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573 You can build Emacs with LFN=n even if you use DJGPP v2, if some of |
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574 your tools don't support long file names: just ensure that LFN is set |
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575 to `n' during both unpacking and compiling. |
15017 | 576 |
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577 (By the time you read this, you have already unpacked the Emacs |
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578 distribution, but if the explanations above imply that you should have |
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579 done it differently, it's safer to delete the directory tree created |
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580 by the unpacking program and unpack Emacs again, than to risk running |
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581 into problems during the build process.) |
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582 |
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583 It is important to understand that the runtime support of long file |
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584 names by the Emacs binary is NOT affected by the LFN setting during |
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585 compilation; Emacs compiled with DJGPP v2.0 or later will always |
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586 support long file names on Windows 95 no matter what was the setting |
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587 of LFN at compile time. However, if you compiled with LFN disabled |
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588 and want to enable LFN support after Emacs was already built, you need |
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589 to make sure that the support files in the lisp, etc and info |
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590 directories are called by their original long names as found in the |
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591 distribution. You can do this either by renaming the files manually, |
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592 or by extracting them from the original distribution archive with |
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593 djtar after you set LFN=y in the environment. |
15017 | 594 |
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595 To unpack Emacs with djtar, type this command: |
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Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
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596 |
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597 djtar -x emacs.tgz |
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598 |
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599 (This assumes that the Emacs distribution is called `emacs.tgz' on |
19635 | 600 your system.) |
12343 | 601 |
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602 If you need to type international characters, you will need to unpack |
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603 the Leim distribution (see the description near the beginning of this |
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604 file). You unpack it from the same directory where you unpacked |
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605 Emacs. To unpack Leim with djtar, assuming the Leim distribution is |
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606 called `leim.tgz', type this command: |
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607 |
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608 djtar -x leim.tgz |
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609 |
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610 If you want to print international characters, install the intlfonts |
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611 distribution. For this, create a directory called `fonts' under the |
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612 Emacs top-level directory (usually called `emacs-XX.YY') created by |
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613 unpacking emacs.tgz, chdir into the directory emacs-XX.YY/fonts, and |
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614 type this: |
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615 |
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616 djtar -x intlfonts.tgz |
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617 |
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618 When unpacking is done, a directory called `emacs-XX.YY' will be |
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619 created, where XX.YY is the Emacs version. To build and install |
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620 Emacs, chdir to that directory and type these commands: |
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621 |
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622 config msdos |
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623 make install |
6062 | 624 |
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625 To install the international fonts, chdir to the intlfonts-X.Y |
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626 directory created when you unpacked the intlfonts distribution (X.Y is |
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627 the version number of the fonts' distribution), and type the following |
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628 command: |
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629 |
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630 make bdf INSTALLDIR=.. |
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631 |
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632 After Make finishes, you may remove the directory intlfonts-X.Y; the |
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633 fonts are installed into the fonts/bdf subdirectory of the top-level |
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634 Emacs directory, and that is where Emacs will look for them by |
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635 default. |
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636 |
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637 Building Emacs creates executable files in the src and lib-src |
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638 directories. Installing Emacs on MSDOS moves these executables to a |
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639 sibling directory called bin. For example, if you build in directory |
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640 /emacs, installing moves the executables from /emacs/src and |
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641 /emacs/lib-src to the directory /emacs/bin, so you can then delete the |
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642 subdirectories /emacs/src and /emacs/lib-src if you wish. The only |
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643 subdirectories you need to keep are bin, lisp, etc and info. (If you |
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644 installed Leim, keep the leim subdirectory, and if you installed |
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645 intlfonts, keep the fonts directory and all its sibdirectories as well.) |
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646 The bin subdirectory should be added to your PATH. The msdos |
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647 subdirectory includes a PIF and an icon file for Emacs which you might |
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
23353
diff
changeset
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648 find useful if you run Emacs under MS Windows. |
12349
f5ba89f88cfd
Talk about MSDOS type conflict workaround.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
12343
diff
changeset
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649 |
15039
43c846d45f79
Clarify MSDOS installing and unpacking.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
15017
diff
changeset
|
650 Emacs on MSDOS finds the lisp, etc and info directories by looking in |
43c846d45f79
Clarify MSDOS installing and unpacking.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
15017
diff
changeset
|
651 ../lisp, ../etc and ../info, starting from the directory where the |
43c846d45f79
Clarify MSDOS installing and unpacking.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
15017
diff
changeset
|
652 Emacs executable was run from. You can override this by setting the |
19635 | 653 environment variables EMACSDATA (for the location of `etc' directory), |
654 EMACSLOADPATH (for the location of `lisp' directory) and INFOPATH (for | |
655 the location of the `info' directory). | |
6062 | 656 |
7627 | 657 MSDOG is a not a multitasking operating system, so Emacs features such |
658 as asynchronous subprocesses that depend on multitasking will not | |
659 work. Synchronous subprocesses do work. | |
15825
615a180ced87
Describe djgpp library replacement files.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
15733
diff
changeset
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660 |
16861
310fd977a344
Update info about DJGPP.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16309
diff
changeset
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661 Version 2.0 of djgpp has two bugs that affect Emacs. We've included |
310fd977a344
Update info about DJGPP.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16309
diff
changeset
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662 corrected versions of two files from djgpp in the msdos subdirectory: |
310fd977a344
Update info about DJGPP.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16309
diff
changeset
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663 is_exec.c and sigaction.c. To work around the bugs, compile these |
310fd977a344
Update info about DJGPP.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16309
diff
changeset
|
664 files and link them into temacs. Djgpp version 2.01 have these bugs |
310fd977a344
Update info about DJGPP.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
16309
diff
changeset
|
665 fixed, so upgrade if you can before building Emacs. |