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annotate man/xresources.texi @ 89298:e1d0641b8107
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author | Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org> |
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date | Thu, 07 Nov 2002 06:30:49 +0000 |
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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1987,93,94,95,1997,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
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4 @node X Resources, Antinews, Command Arguments, Top |
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5 @appendix X Options and Resources |
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6 |
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7 You can customize some X-related aspects of Emacs behavior using X |
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8 resources, as is usual for programs that use X. X resources are the |
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9 only way to customize tooltip windows and LessTif menus, since the |
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10 libraries that implement them don't provide for customization through |
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11 Emacs. This appendix describes the X resources that Emacs recognizes |
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12 and how to use them. |
40591 | 13 |
14 @menu | |
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15 * Resources:: Using X resources with Emacs (in general). |
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16 * Table of Resources:: Table of specific X resources that affect Emacs. |
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17 * Face Resources:: X resources for customizing faces. |
40591 | 18 * Lucid Resources:: X resources for Lucid menus. |
19 * LessTif Resources:: X resources for LessTif and Motif menus. | |
20 @end menu | |
21 | |
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22 @node Resources |
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23 @appendixsec X Resources |
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24 @cindex resources |
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25 |
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26 @cindex X resources, @file{~/.Xdefaults} file |
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27 Programs running under the X Window System organize their user |
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28 options under a hierarchy of classes and resources. You can specify |
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29 default values for these options in your X resources file, usually |
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30 named @file{~/.Xdefaults}. If changes in @file{~/.Xdefaults} do not |
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31 take effect, it is because your X server stores its own list of |
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32 resources; to update them, use the shell command @command{xrdb}---for |
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33 instance, @samp{xrdb ~/.Xdefaults}. |
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34 |
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35 Each line in the file specifies a value for one option or for a |
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36 collection of related options, for one program or for several programs |
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37 (optionally even for all programs). |
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38 |
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39 @cindex Registry (MS-Windows) |
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40 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults} file, and MS-Windows |
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41 MS-Windows systems don't support @file{~/.Xdefaults} files, but |
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42 Emacs compiled for Windows looks for X resources in the Windows |
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43 Registry, under the keys @samp{HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs} |
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44 and @samp{HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs}. |
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45 |
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46 Programs define named resources with particular meanings. They also |
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47 define how to group resources into named classes. For instance, in |
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48 Emacs, the @samp{internalBorder} resource controls the width of the |
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49 internal border, and the @samp{borderWidth} resource controls the width |
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50 of the external border. Both of these resources are part of the |
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51 @samp{BorderWidth} class. Case distinctions are significant in these |
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52 names. |
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53 |
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54 In @file{~/.Xdefaults}, you can specify a value for a single resource |
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55 on one line, like this: |
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56 |
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57 @example |
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58 emacs.borderWidth: 2 |
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59 @end example |
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60 |
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61 @noindent |
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62 Or you can use a class name to specify the same value for all resources |
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63 in that class. Here's an example: |
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64 |
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65 @example |
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66 emacs.BorderWidth: 2 |
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67 @end example |
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68 |
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69 If you specify a value for a class, it becomes the default for all |
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70 resources in that class. You can specify values for individual |
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71 resources as well; these override the class value, for those particular |
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72 resources. Thus, this example specifies 2 as the default width for all |
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73 borders, but overrides this value with 4 for the external border: |
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74 |
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75 @example |
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76 emacs.BorderWidth: 2 |
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77 emacs.borderWidth: 4 |
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78 @end example |
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79 |
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80 The order in which the lines appear in the file does not matter. |
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81 Also, command-line options always override the X resources file. |
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82 |
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83 The string @samp{emacs} in the examples above is also a resource |
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84 name. It actually represents the name of the executable file that you |
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85 invoke to run Emacs. If Emacs is installed under a different name, it |
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86 looks for resources under that name instead of @samp{emacs}. |
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87 |
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88 @table @samp |
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89 @item -name @var{name} |
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90 @opindex --name |
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91 @itemx --name=@var{name} |
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92 @cindex resource name, command-line argument |
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93 Use @var{name} as the resource name (and the title) for the initial |
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94 Emacs frame. This option does not affect subsequent frames, but Lisp |
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95 programs can specify frame names when they create frames. |
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96 |
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97 If you don't specify this option, the default is to use the Emacs |
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98 executable's name as the resource name. |
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99 |
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100 @item -xrm @var{resource-values} |
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101 @opindex --xrm |
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102 @itemx --xrm=@var{resource-values} |
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103 @cindex resource values, command-line argument |
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104 Specify X resource values for this Emacs job (see below). |
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105 @end table |
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106 |
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107 For consistency, @samp{-name} also specifies the name to use for |
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108 other resource values that do not belong to any particular frame. |
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109 |
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110 The resources that name Emacs invocations also belong to a class; its |
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111 name is @samp{Emacs}. If you write @samp{Emacs} instead of |
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112 @samp{emacs}, the resource applies to all frames in all Emacs jobs, |
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113 regardless of frame titles and regardless of the name of the executable |
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114 file. Here is an example: |
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115 |
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116 @example |
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117 Emacs.BorderWidth: 2 |
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118 Emacs.borderWidth: 4 |
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119 @end example |
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120 |
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121 You can specify a string of additional resource values for Emacs to |
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122 use with the command line option @samp{-xrm @var{resources}}. The text |
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123 @var{resources} should have the same format that you would use inside a file |
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124 of X resources. To include multiple resource specifications in |
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125 @var{resources}, put a newline between them, just as you would in a file. |
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126 You can also use @samp{#include "@var{filename}"} to include a file full |
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127 of resource specifications. Resource values specified with @samp{-xrm} |
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128 take precedence over all other resource specifications. |
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129 |
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130 One way to experiment with the effect of different resource settings |
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131 is to use the @code{editres} program. Select @samp{Get Tree} from the |
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132 @samp{Commands} menu, then click on an Emacs frame. This will display |
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133 a tree showing the structure of X toolkit widgets used in an Emacs |
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134 frame. Select one of them, such as @samp{menubar}, then select |
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135 @samp{Show Resource Box} from the @samp{Commands} menu. This displays |
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136 a list of all the meaningful X resources and allows you to edit them. |
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137 Changes take effect immediately if you click on the @samp{Apply} button. |
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138 |
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139 @node Table of Resources |
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140 @appendixsec Table of X Resources for Emacs |
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141 |
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142 This table lists the resource names that designate options for |
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143 Emacs, not counting those for the appearance of the menu bar, each |
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144 with the class that it belongs to: |
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145 |
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146 @table @asis |
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147 @item @code{background} (class @code{Background}) |
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148 Background color name. |
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149 |
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150 @item @code{bitmapIcon} (class @code{BitmapIcon}) |
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151 Use a bitmap icon (a picture of a gnu) if @samp{on}, let the window |
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152 manager choose an icon if @samp{off}. |
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153 |
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154 @item @code{borderColor} (class @code{BorderColor}) |
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155 Color name for the external border. |
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156 |
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157 @item @code{borderWidth} (class @code{BorderWidth}) |
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158 Width in pixels of the external border. |
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159 |
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160 @item @code{cursorColor} (class @code{Foreground}) |
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161 Color name for text cursor (point). |
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162 |
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163 @item @code{font} (class @code{Font}) |
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164 Font name for text (or fontset name, @pxref{Fontsets}). |
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165 |
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166 @item @code{foreground} (class @code{Foreground}) |
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167 Color name for text. |
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168 |
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169 @item @code{geometry} (class @code{Geometry}) |
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170 Window size and position. Be careful not to specify this resource as |
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171 @samp{emacs*geometry}, because that may affect individual menus as well |
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172 as the Emacs frame itself. |
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173 |
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174 If this resource specifies a position, that position applies only to the |
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175 initial Emacs frame (or, in the case of a resource for a specific frame |
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176 name, only that frame). However, the size, if specified here, applies to |
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177 all frames. |
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178 |
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179 @item @code{fullscreen} (class @code{Fullscreen}) |
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180 The desired fullscreen size. The value can be one of @code{fullboth}, |
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181 @code{fullwidth} or @code{fullheight}, which correspond to |
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182 the command-line options @samp{-fs}, @samp{-fw}, and @samp{-fh} |
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183 (@pxref{Window Size X}). |
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184 |
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185 Note that this applies to all frames created, not just the initial |
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186 one. |
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187 |
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188 @item @code{iconName} (class @code{Title}) |
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189 Name to display in the icon. |
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190 |
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191 @item @code{internalBorder} (class @code{BorderWidth}) |
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192 Width in pixels of the internal border. |
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193 |
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194 @item @code{lineSpacing} (class @code{LineSpacing}) |
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195 @cindex line spacing |
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196 @cindex leading |
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197 Additional space (@dfn{leading}) between lines, in pixels. |
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198 |
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199 @item @code{menuBar} (class @code{MenuBar}) |
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200 Give frames menu bars if @samp{on}; don't have menu bars if |
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201 @samp{off}. @xref{Lucid Resources}, and @ref{LessTif Resources}, for |
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202 how to control the appearance of the menu bar if you have one. |
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203 |
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204 @item @code{toolBar} (class @code{ToolBar}) |
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205 Number of lines to reserve for the tool bar. A zero value suppresses |
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206 the tool bar. If the value is non-zero and |
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207 @code{auto-resize-tool-bars} is non-@code{nil}, the tool bar's size |
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208 will be changed automatically so that all tool bar items are visible. |
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209 |
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210 @item @code{minibuffer} (class @code{Minibuffer}) |
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211 If @samp{none}, don't make a minibuffer in this frame. |
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212 It will use a separate minibuffer frame instead. |
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213 |
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214 @item @code{paneFont} (class @code{Font}) |
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215 @cindex font for menus |
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216 Font name for menu pane titles, in non-toolkit versions of Emacs. |
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217 |
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218 @item @code{pointerColor} (class @code{Foreground}) |
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219 Color of the mouse cursor. |
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220 |
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221 @ignore |
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222 @item @code{privateColormap} (class @code{PrivateColormap}) |
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223 If @samp{on}, use a private color map, in the case where the ``default |
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224 visual'' of class PseudoColor and Emacs is using it. |
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225 @end ignore |
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226 |
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227 @item @code{reverseVideo} (class @code{ReverseVideo}) |
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228 Switch foreground and background default colors if @samp{on}, use colors as |
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229 specified if @samp{off}. |
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230 |
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231 @item @code{screenGamma} (class @code{ScreenGamma}) |
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232 @cindex gamma correction |
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233 Gamma correction for colors, equivalent to the frame parameter |
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234 @code{screen-gamma}. |
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235 |
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236 @item @code{selectionFont} (class @code{Font}) |
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237 Font name for pop-up menu items, in non-toolkit versions of Emacs. (For |
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238 toolkit versions, see @ref{Lucid Resources}, also see @ref{LessTif |
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239 Resources}.) |
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240 |
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241 @item @code{synchronous} (class @code{Synchronous}) |
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242 @cindex debugging X problems |
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243 @cindex synchronous X mode |
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244 Run Emacs in synchronous mode if @samp{on}. Synchronous mode is |
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245 useful for debugging X problems. |
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246 |
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247 @item @code{title} (class @code{Title}) |
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248 Name to display in the title bar of the initial Emacs frame. |
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249 |
89144 | 250 @item @code{useXIM} (class @code{UseXIM}) |
251 @cindex XIM | |
252 @cindex X input methods | |
253 Turn off use of X input methods (XIM) if @samp{false} or @samp{off}. | |
254 This is only relevant if your Emacs is actually built with XIM | |
255 support. It is potentially useful to turn off XIM for efficiency, | |
256 especially slow X client/server links. | |
257 | |
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258 @item @code{verticalScrollBars} (class @code{ScrollBars}) |
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259 Give frames scroll bars if @samp{on}; don't have scroll bars if |
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260 @samp{off}. |
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261 @end table |
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262 |
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263 @node Face Resources |
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264 @appendixsec X Resources for Faces |
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265 |
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266 You can also use resources to customize the appearance of particular |
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267 faces (@pxref{Faces}): |
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268 |
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269 @table @code |
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270 @item @var{face}.attributeFont |
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271 Font for face @var{face}. |
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272 @item @var{face}.attributeForeground |
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273 Foreground color for face @var{face}. |
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274 @item @var{face}.attributeBackground |
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275 Background color for face @var{face}. |
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276 @item @var{face}.attributeUnderline |
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277 Underline flag for face @var{face}. Use @samp{on} or @samp{true} for |
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278 yes. |
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279 @item @var{face}.attributeFamily |
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280 Font family for face @var{face}. |
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281 @item @var{face}.attributeWidth |
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282 Relative proportional width of the font to use for face @var{face}. |
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283 It should be one of @code{ultra-condensed}, @code{extra-condensed}, |
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284 @code{condensed}, @code{semi-condensed}, @code{normal}, |
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285 @code{semi-expanded}, @code{expanded}, @code{extra-expanded}, or |
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286 @code{ultra-expanded}. |
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287 @item @var{face}.attributeHeight |
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288 Height of the font to use for face @var{face}: either an integer |
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289 specifying the height in units of 1/10@dmn{pt}, or a floating point |
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290 number that specifies a scale factor to scale the underlying face's |
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291 default font, or a function to be called with the default height which |
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292 will return a new height. |
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293 @item @var{face}.attributeWeight |
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294 A weight to use for the face @var{face}. It must be one of |
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295 @code{ultra-bold}, @code{extra-bold}, @code{bold}, |
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296 @code{semi-bold}, @code{normal}, @code{semi-light}, @code{light}, |
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297 @code{extra-light}, @code{ultra-light}. |
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298 @item @var{face}.attributeSlant |
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299 The slant to use for the font of face @var{face}. It must be one of |
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300 @code{italic}, @code{oblique}, @code{normal}, |
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301 @code{reverse-italic}, or @code{reverse-oblique}. |
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302 @item @var{face}.attributeStrikeThrough |
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303 Whether the face @var{face} should be drawn with a line striking |
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304 through the characters. |
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305 @item @var{face}.attributeOverline |
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306 Whether the characters in the face @var{face} should be overlined. |
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307 @item @var{face}.attributeBox |
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308 Whether to draw a box around the characters in face @var{face}. |
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309 @item @var{face}.attributeInverse |
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310 Whether to display the characters in face @var{face} in inverse |
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311 video. |
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312 @item @var{face}.attributeStipple |
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313 The name of a pixmap data file to use for the stipple pattern, or |
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314 @code{false} to not use stipple for the face @var{face}. |
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315 @item @var{face}.attributeBackgroundPixmap |
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316 The background pixmap for the face @var{face}. Should be a name of a |
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317 pixmap file or @code{false}. |
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318 @item @var{face}.attributeBold |
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319 Whether to draw the characters in the face @var{face} as bold. |
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320 @item @var{face}.attributeItalic |
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321 Whether to draw the characters in the face @var{face} as italic. |
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322 @end table |
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323 |
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324 @node Lucid Resources |
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325 @appendixsec Lucid Menu X Resources |
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326 @cindex Menu X Resources (Lucid widgets) |
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327 @cindex Lucid Widget X Resources |
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328 |
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329 If the Emacs installed at your site was built to use the X toolkit |
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330 with the Lucid menu widgets, then the menu bar is a separate widget and |
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331 has its own resources. The resource names contain @samp{pane.menubar} |
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332 (following, as always, the name of the Emacs invocation, or @samp{Emacs}, |
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333 which stands for all Emacs invocations). Specify them like this: |
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334 |
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335 @example |
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336 Emacs.pane.menubar.@var{resource}: @var{value} |
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337 @end example |
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338 |
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339 @noindent |
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340 For example, to specify the font @samp{8x16} for the menu-bar items, |
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341 write this: |
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342 |
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343 @example |
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344 Emacs.pane.menubar.font: 8x16 |
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345 @end example |
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346 |
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347 @noindent |
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348 Resources for @emph{non-menubar} toolkit pop-up menus have |
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349 @samp{menu*}, in like fashion. For example, to specify the font |
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350 @samp{8x16} for the pop-up menu items, write this: |
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351 |
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352 @example |
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353 Emacs.menu*.font: 8x16 |
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354 @end example |
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355 |
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356 @noindent |
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357 For dialog boxes, use @samp{dialog} instead of @samp{menu}: |
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358 |
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359 @example |
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360 Emacs.dialog*.font: 8x16 |
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361 @end example |
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362 |
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363 @noindent |
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364 Experience shows that on some systems you may need to add |
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365 @samp{shell.}@: before the @samp{pane.menubar} or @samp{menu*}. On |
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366 some other systems, you must not add @samp{shell.}. |
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367 |
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368 Here is a list of the specific resources for menu bars and pop-up menus: |
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369 |
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370 @table @code |
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371 @item font |
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372 Font for menu item text. |
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373 @item foreground |
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374 Color of the foreground. |
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375 @item background |
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376 Color of the background. |
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377 @item buttonForeground |
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378 In the menu bar, the color of the foreground for a selected item. |
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379 @item horizontalSpacing |
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380 Horizontal spacing in pixels between items. Default is 3. |
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381 @item verticalSpacing |
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382 Vertical spacing in pixels between items. Default is 1. |
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383 @item arrowSpacing |
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384 Horizontal spacing between the arrow (which indicates a submenu) and |
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385 the associated text. Default is 10. |
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386 @item shadowThickness |
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387 Thickness of shadow line around the widget. |
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388 @item margin |
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389 The margin of the menu bar, in characters. The default of 4 makes the |
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390 menu bar appear like the LessTif/Motif one. |
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391 @end table |
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392 |
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393 @node LessTif Resources |
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394 @appendixsec LessTif Menu X Resources |
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395 @cindex Menu X Resources (LessTif widgets) |
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396 @cindex LessTif Widget X Resources |
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397 |
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398 If the Emacs installed at your site was built to use the X toolkit |
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399 with the LessTif or Motif widgets, then the menu bar, the dialog |
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400 boxes, the pop-up menus, and the file-selection box are separate |
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401 widgets and have their own resources. |
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402 |
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403 The resource names for the menu bar contain @samp{pane.menubar} |
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404 (following, as always, the name of the Emacs invocation, or |
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405 @samp{Emacs}, which stands for all Emacs invocations). Specify them |
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406 like this: |
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407 |
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408 @smallexample |
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409 Emacs.pane.menubar.@var{subwidget}.@var{resource}: @var{value} |
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410 @end smallexample |
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411 |
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412 Each individual string in the menu bar is a subwidget; the subwidget's |
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413 name is the same as the menu item string. For example, the word |
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414 @samp{File} in the menu bar is part of a subwidget named |
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415 @samp{emacs.pane.menubar.File}. Most likely, you want to specify the |
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416 same resources for the whole menu bar. To do this, use @samp{*} instead |
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417 of a specific subwidget name. For example, to specify the font |
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418 @samp{8x16} for the menu-bar items, write this: |
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419 |
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420 @smallexample |
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421 Emacs.pane.menubar.*.fontList: 8x16 |
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422 @end smallexample |
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423 |
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424 @noindent |
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425 This also specifies the resource value for submenus. |
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426 |
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427 Each item in a submenu in the menu bar also has its own name for X |
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428 resources; for example, the @samp{File} submenu has an item named |
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429 @samp{Save (current buffer)}. A resource specification for a submenu |
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430 item looks like this: |
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431 |
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432 @smallexample |
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433 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.@var{menu}.@var{item}.@var{resource}: @var{value} |
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434 @end smallexample |
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435 |
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436 @noindent |
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437 For example, here's how to specify the font for the @samp{Save (current |
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438 buffer)} item: |
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439 |
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440 @smallexample |
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441 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.File.Save (current buffer).fontList: 8x16 |
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442 @end smallexample |
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443 |
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444 @noindent |
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445 For an item in a second-level submenu, such as @samp{Complete Word} |
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446 under @samp{Spell Checking} under @samp{Tools}, the resource fits this |
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447 template: |
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448 |
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449 @smallexample |
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450 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.popup_*.@var{menu}.@var{resource}: @var{value} |
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451 @end smallexample |
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452 |
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453 @noindent |
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454 For example, |
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455 |
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456 @smallexample |
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457 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.popup_*.Spell Checking.Complete Word: @var{value} |
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458 @end smallexample |
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459 |
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460 @noindent |
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461 (This should be one long line.) |
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462 |
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463 It's impossible to specify a resource for all the menu-bar items |
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464 without also specifying it for the submenus as well. So if you want the |
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465 submenu items to look different from the menu bar itself, you must ask |
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466 for that in two steps. First, specify the resource for all of them; |
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467 then, override the value for submenus alone. Here is an example: |
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468 |
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469 @smallexample |
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470 Emacs.pane.menubar.*.fontList: 8x16 |
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471 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.fontList: 8x16 |
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472 @end smallexample |
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473 |
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474 @noindent |
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475 For LessTif pop-up menus, use @samp{menu*} instead of |
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476 @samp{pane.menubar}. For example, to specify the font @samp{8x16} for |
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477 the pop-up menu items, write this: |
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478 |
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479 @smallexample |
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480 Emacs.menu*.fontList: 8x16 |
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481 @end smallexample |
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482 |
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483 @noindent |
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484 For LessTif dialog boxes, use @samp{dialog} instead of @samp{menu}: |
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485 |
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486 @example |
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487 Emacs.dialog*.fontList: 8x16 |
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488 Emacs.dialog*.foreground: hotpink |
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489 @end example |
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490 |
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491 To specify resources for the LessTif file-selection box, use |
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492 @samp{fsb*}, like this: |
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493 |
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494 @example |
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495 Emacs.fsb*.fontList: 8x16 |
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496 @end example |
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497 |
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498 @iftex |
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499 @medbreak |
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500 @end iftex |
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501 Here is a list of the specific resources for LessTif menu bars and |
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502 pop-up menus: |
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503 |
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504 @table @code |
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505 @item armColor |
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506 The color to show in an armed button. |
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507 @item fontList |
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508 The font to use. |
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509 @item marginBottom |
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510 @itemx marginHeight |
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511 @itemx marginLeft |
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512 @itemx marginRight |
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513 @itemx marginTop |
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514 @itemx marginWidth |
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515 Amount of space to leave around the item, within the border. |
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516 @item borderWidth |
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517 The width of the border around the menu item, on all sides. |
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518 @item shadowThickness |
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519 The width of the border shadow. |
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520 @item bottomShadowColor |
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521 The color for the border shadow, on the bottom and the right. |
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522 @item topShadowColor |
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523 The color for the border shadow, on the top and the left. |
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524 @end table |