|
40785
|
1
|
|
41048
|
2 This directory contains Calc, an advanced desk calculator for GNU
|
|
|
3 Emacs.
|
|
40785
|
4
|
|
41048
|
5 "Calc" Copyright 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
40785
|
6
|
|
41048
|
7 Written by:
|
|
|
8 Dave Gillespie
|
|
|
9 c/o Synaptics, Inc.
|
|
|
10 2698 Orchard Parkway
|
|
|
11 San Jose CA 95134
|
|
|
12 daveg@synaptics.com, uunet!synaptx!daveg
|
|
40785
|
13
|
|
41048
|
14 Currently maintained by: Colin Walters <walters@debian.org>
|
|
40785
|
15
|
|
|
16 From the introduction to the manual:
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
18 "Calc" is an advanced calculator and mathematical tool that runs as
|
|
|
19 part of the GNU Emacs environment. Very roughly based on the HP-28/48
|
|
|
20 series of calculators, its many features include:
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
22 * Choice of algebraic or RPN (stack-based) entry of calculations.
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
24 * Arbitrary precision integers and floating-point numbers.
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
26 * Arithmetic on rational numbers, complex numbers (rectangular and
|
|
|
27 polar), error forms with standard deviations, open and closed
|
|
|
28 intervals, vectors and matrices, dates and times, infinities,
|
|
|
29 sets, quantities with units, and algebraic formulas.
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
31 * Mathematical operations such as logarithms and trigonometric functions.
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
33 * Programmer's features (bitwise operations, non-decimal numbers).
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
35 * Financial functions such as future value and internal rate of return.
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
37 * Number theoretical features such as prime factorization and
|
|
|
38 arithmetic modulo M for any M.
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
40 * Algebraic manipulation features, including symbolic calculus.
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
42 * Moving data to and from regular editing buffers.
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
44 * "Embedded mode" for manipulating Calc formulas and data directly
|
|
|
45 inside any editing buffer.
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
47 * Graphics using GNUPLOT, a versatile (and free) plotting program.
|
|
|
48
|
|
|
49 * Easy programming using keyboard macros, algebraic formulas,
|
|
|
50 algebraic rewrite rules, or extended Emacs Lisp.
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
53 Calc is written entirely in Emacs Lisp, for maximum portability.
|
|
|
54 You do not need to recompile Emacs to install and use Calc.
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
56 You will need about six megabytes of disk space to install Calc
|
|
|
57 and its Info documentation.
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
59 See the file INSTALL for installation instructions. The instructions
|
|
|
60 may seem long, but on typical systems you will only need to follow the
|
|
|
61 steps shown in the first section.
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
63 Don't even try to run Calc in uncompiled (.el) form! It's far too slow.
|
|
|
64
|
|
|
65
|
|
|
66 I am anxious to hear about your experiences using Calc. Send mail to
|
|
|
67 "daveg@synaptics.com". A bug report is most useful if you include the
|
|
|
68 exact input and output that occurred, any modes in effect (such as the
|
|
|
69 current precision), and so on. If you find Calc is difficult to operate
|
|
|
70 in any way, or if you have other suggestions, don't hesitate to let me
|
|
|
71 know. If you find errors (including simple typos) in the manual, let
|
|
|
72 me know. Even if you find no bugs at all I would love to hear your
|
|
|
73 opinions.
|
|
|
74
|
|
|
75 The latest Calc tar files and patches are always available for anonymous
|
|
|
76 FTP on prep.ai.mit.edu.
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
78 Thanks,
|
|
|
79
|
|
|
80 -- Dave
|
|
|
81
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
83
|
|
|
84
|
|
|
85
|
|
|
86 Summary of changes to "Calc"
|
|
|
87 ------- -- ------- -- ----
|
|
|
88
|
|
|
89
|
|
|
90 Version 2.02f:
|
|
|
91
|
|
|
92 * Fixed a bug which broke `I', `H', `K' prefix keys in recent Emacs.
|
|
|
93
|
|
|
94 * Fixed a bug in calc.texinfo which prevented "make tex2" from working.
|
|
|
95
|
|
|
96 * Updated `C-y' (calc-yank) to understand Emacs 19 generalized kill ring.
|
|
|
97
|
|
|
98 * Added a copy of "calccard.tex", the Calc quick reference card.
|
|
|
99
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
101 Version 2.02e:
|
|
|
102
|
|
|
103 * Fixed an installation bug caused by recent changes to `write-region'.
|
|
|
104
|
|
|
105
|
|
|
106 Version 2.02d:
|
|
|
107
|
|
|
108 * Fixed a minor installation problem with a Emacs 19.29 byte-compiler bug.
|
|
|
109
|
|
|
110 * Removed archaic "macedit" package (superseded by "edmacro").
|
|
|
111
|
|
|
112
|
|
|
113 Version 2.02c:
|
|
|
114
|
|
|
115 * Patch to port Calc to Lucid Emacs 19; still works with GNU 18 and GNU 19.
|
|
|
116
|
|
|
117 * Fixed a bug that broke `C-x C-c' after Calc graphics had been used.
|
|
|
118
|
|
|
119
|
|
|
120 Version 2.02b:
|
|
|
121
|
|
|
122 * Minor patch to port Calc to GNU Emacs 19. Will be superseded by Calc 3.00.
|
|
|
123
|
|
|
124
|
|
|
125 Version 2.02:
|
|
|
126
|
|
|
127 * Revamped the manual a bit; rearranged some sections.
|
|
|
128
|
|
|
129 * Added marginal notes for Key/Function Index refs in printed manual.
|
|
|
130
|
|
|
131 * Changed `M-# r' to deal more gracefully with blank lines.
|
|
|
132
|
|
|
133 * Made reductions like `V R +' and `M-# :' considerably faster.
|
|
|
134
|
|
|
135 * Improved parsing and display of cases like "[a + b]".
|
|
|
136
|
|
|
137 * Added `t +' and `t -' for doing business date arithmetic.
|
|
|
138
|
|
|
139 * Added "syntax tables," the opposite of compositions.
|
|
|
140
|
|
|
141 * Added another Rewrites Tutorial exercise.
|
|
|
142
|
|
|
143 * Added the "vmatches" function.
|
|
|
144
|
|
|
145 * Added the `Modes' variable and `m g' command.
|
|
|
146
|
|
|
147 * Improved `u s' to cancel, e.g., "11 mph hr / yd" to get a number.
|
|
|
148
|
|
|
149 * Added "quick units" commands "u 0" through "u 9".
|
|
|
150
|
|
|
151 * Moved `M-%' to calc.el to avoid autoloading problems.
|
|
|
152
|
|
|
153 * Added `M-=' during algebraic entry, acts like `RET ='.
|
|
|
154
|
|
|
155 * Made `LFD' prevent evaluation when finishing a calc-edit command.
|
|
|
156
|
|
|
157 * Changed calc-store commands to use `t .' mode for trail display.
|
|
|
158
|
|
|
159 * Improved integrator to understand forms involving "erf".
|
|
|
160
|
|
|
161 * Fixed parser to make sense of "[1....1e2]" input.
|
|
|
162
|
|
|
163 * Fixed FORTRAN parser to treat a(i,j) as a_i_j if a is declared matrix.
|
|
|
164
|
|
|
165 * Got rid of some version number stamps to reduce size of patches.
|
|
|
166
|
|
|
167 * Fixed a bug in defmath treating "<=" and ">=" predicates.
|
|
|
168
|
|
|
169 * Fixed a bug in which Calc crashed multiplying two date forms.
|
|
|
170
|
|
|
171 * Fixed a bug in line breaker that crashed for large, nested formulas.
|
|
|
172
|
|
|
173 * Fixed a bug using ` to edit string("foo").
|
|
|
174
|
|
|
175 * Fixed a bug where `M-# y' in Big mode copied stack level number.
|
|
|
176
|
|
|
177 * Fixed a bug where `g O' used wrong default directory, no completion.
|
|
|
178
|
|
|
179 * Fixed a bug where "foo_bar(i)" parsed in C mode but showed as foo#bar.
|
|
|
180
|
|
|
181 * Fixed several bugs where large calculations got "computation too long."
|
|
|
182
|
|
|
183
|
|
|
184 Version 2.01:
|
|
|
185
|
|
|
186 * Added percentage commands `M-%', `b %', and `c %'.
|
|
|
187
|
|
|
188 * Changed Big mode to force radix-10 in superscripts.
|
|
|
189
|
|
|
190 * Improved display of fractions in various language modes.
|
|
|
191
|
|
|
192 * Changed `a n' to work properly with equations and inequalities.
|
|
|
193
|
|
|
194 * The problem with cross references to Index nodes in TeX has been fixed.
|
|
|
195
|
|
|
196 * Fixed a bug where recursive esc-maps make calc-ext/-aent unloadable.
|
|
|
197
|
|
|
198 * Fixed a bug in `M-# k', then `OFF' right away, with fresh Emacs.
|
|
|
199
|
|
|
200 * Fixed a bug in which "S_i_j" was formatted wrong after `j s'.
|
|
|
201
|
|
|
202 * Fixed a bug in which `h k u c' positioned cursor on wrong line.
|
|
|
203
|
|
|
204 * Fixed a bug where `z ?' crashed if `z %' was defined.
|
|
|
205
|
|
|
206 * Fixed a bug in `j O' (calc-select-once-maybe).
|
|
|
207
|
|
|
208 * Fixed "make private" not to ask "Delete excess versions" and crash.
|
|
|
209
|
|
|
210
|
|
|
211 Version 2.00:
|
|
|
212
|
|
|
213 * First complete posting of Calc since 1.01.
|
|
|
214
|
|
|
215 * Most parts of Calc have seen changes since version 1.07. See
|
|
|
216 section "New for Calc 2.00" in the manual for a summary. In
|
|
|
217 the FTP version of the Calc distribution, the file README.prev
|
|
|
218 contains a detailed change history from 1.00 up to 2.00.
|
|
|
219
|
