Mercurial > emacs
annotate man/doclicense.texi @ 76878:e4d2810db0e9
wording matters
author | Karl Berry <karl@gnu.org> |
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date | Sun, 01 Apr 2007 18:11:15 +0000 |
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31301 | 1 @c -*-texinfo-*- |
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2 @node GNU Free Documentation License, Emacs Invocation, Copying, Top |
31301 | 3 @appendix GNU Free Documentation License |
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4 @center Version 1.2, November 2002 |
31301 | 5 |
6 @display | |
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7 Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
64083 | 8 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA |
31301 | 9 |
10 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies | |
11 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. | |
12 @end display | |
13 @sp 1 | |
14 @enumerate 0 | |
15 @item | |
16 PREAMBLE | |
17 | |
18 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other | |
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19 functional and useful document ``free'' in the sense of freedom: to |
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20 assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, |
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21 with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. |
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22 Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way |
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23 to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible |
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24 for modifications made by others. |
31301 | 25 |
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26 This License is a kind of ``copyleft,'' which means that derivative |
31301 | 27 works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It |
28 complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft | |
29 license designed for free software. | |
30 | |
31 We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free | |
32 software, because free software needs free documentation: a free | |
33 program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the | |
34 software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; | |
35 it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or | |
36 whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License | |
37 principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. | |
38 | |
39 @sp 1 | |
40 @item | |
41 APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS | |
42 | |
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43 This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that |
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44 contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be |
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45 distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a |
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46 world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that |
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47 work under the conditions stated herein. The ``Document,'' below, |
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48 refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a |
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49 licensee, and is addressed as ``you.'' You accept the license if you |
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50 copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission |
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51 under copyright law. |
31301 | 52 |
53 A ``Modified Version'' of the Document means any work containing the | |
54 Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with | |
55 modifications and/or translated into another language. | |
56 | |
57 A ``Secondary Section'' is a named appendix or a front-matter section of | |
58 the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the | |
59 publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject | |
60 (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly | |
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61 within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a |
31301 | 62 textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any |
63 mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical | |
64 connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, | |
65 commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding | |
66 them. | |
67 | |
68 The ``Invariant Sections'' are certain Secondary Sections whose titles | |
69 are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice | |
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70 that says that the Document is released under this License. If a |
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71 section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not |
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72 allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero |
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73 Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant |
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74 Sections then there are none. |
31301 | 75 |
76 The ``Cover Texts'' are certain short passages of text that are listed, | |
77 as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that | |
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78 the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may |
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79 be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. |
31301 | 80 |
81 A ``Transparent'' copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, | |
82 represented in a format whose specification is available to the | |
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83 general public, that is suitable for revising the document |
31301 | 84 straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of |
85 pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available | |
86 drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or | |
87 for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input | |
88 to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file | |
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89 format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart |
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90 or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. |
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91 An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount |
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92 of text. A copy that is not ``Transparent'' is called ``Opaque.'' |
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93 |
31301 | 94 |
95 Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain | |
96 ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML | |
97 or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple | |
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98 HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of |
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99 transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats |
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100 include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by |
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101 proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or |
31301 | 102 processing tools are not generally available, and the |
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103 machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word |
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104 processors for output purposes only. |
31301 | 105 |
106 The ``Title Page'' means, for a printed book, the title page itself, | |
107 plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material | |
108 this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in | |
109 formats which do not have any title page as such, ``Title Page'' means | |
110 the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, | |
111 preceding the beginning of the body of the text. | |
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112 |
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113 A section ``Entitled XYZ'' means a named subunit of the Document whose |
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114 title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following |
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115 text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a |
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116 specific section name mentioned below, such as ``Acknowledgements,'' |
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117 ``Dedications,'' ``Endorsements,'' or ``History.'') To ``Preserve the Title'' |
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118 of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a |
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119 section ``Entitled XYZ'' according to this definition. |
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120 |
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121 The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which |
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122 states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty |
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123 Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this |
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124 License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other |
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125 implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has |
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126 no effect on the meaning of this License. |
31301 | 127 @sp 1 |
128 @item | |
129 VERBATIM COPYING | |
130 | |
131 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either | |
132 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the | |
133 copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies | |
134 to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other | |
135 conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use | |
136 technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further | |
137 copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept | |
138 compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough | |
139 number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. | |
140 | |
141 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and | |
142 you may publicly display copies. | |
143 @sp 1 | |
144 @item | |
145 COPYING IN QUANTITY | |
146 | |
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147 If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have |
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148 printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the |
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149 Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the |
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150 copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover |
31301 | 151 Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on |
152 the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify | |
153 you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present | |
154 the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and | |
155 visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. | |
156 Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve | |
157 the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated | |
158 as verbatim copying in other respects. | |
159 | |
160 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit | |
161 legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit | |
162 reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent | |
163 pages. | |
164 | |
165 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering | |
166 more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent | |
167 copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy | |
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168 a computer-network location from which the general network-using |
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169 public has access to download using public-standard network protocols |
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170 a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. |
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171 If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, |
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172 when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure |
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173 that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated |
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174 location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an |
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175 Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that |
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176 edition to the public. |
31301 | 177 |
178 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the | |
179 Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give | |
180 them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. | |
181 @sp 1 | |
182 @item | |
183 MODIFICATIONS | |
184 | |
185 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under | |
186 the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release | |
187 the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified | |
188 Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution | |
189 and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy | |
190 of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: | |
191 | |
192 A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct | |
193 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions | |
194 (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section | |
195 of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version | |
196 if the original publisher of that version gives permission.@* | |
197 B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities | |
198 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified | |
199 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the | |
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200 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), |
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201 unless they release you from this requirement.@* |
31301 | 202 C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the |
203 Modified Version, as the publisher.@* | |
204 D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.@* | |
205 E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications | |
206 adjacent to the other copyright notices.@* | |
207 F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice | |
208 giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the | |
209 terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.@* | |
210 G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections | |
211 and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.@* | |
212 H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.@* | |
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213 I. Preserve the section Entitled ``History,'' Preserve its Title, and add |
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214 to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and |
31301 | 215 publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If |
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216 there is no section Entitled ``History'' in the Document, create one |
31301 | 217 stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as |
218 given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified | |
219 Version as stated in the previous sentence.@* | |
220 J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for | |
221 public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise | |
222 the network locations given in the Document for previous versions | |
223 it was based on. These may be placed in the ``History'' section. | |
224 You may omit a network location for a work that was published at | |
225 least four years before the Document itself, or if the original | |
226 publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.@* | |
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227 K. For any section Entitled ``Acknowledgements'' or ``Dedications,'' |
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228 Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all |
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229 the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements |
31301 | 230 and/or dedications given therein.@* |
231 L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, | |
232 unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers | |
233 or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.@* | |
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234 M. Delete any section Entitled ``Endorsements.'' Such a section |
31301 | 235 may not be included in the Modified Version.@* |
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236 N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled ``Endorsements'' |
31301 | 237 or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.@* |
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238 O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.@* |
31301 | 239 @sp 1 |
240 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or | |
241 appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material | |
242 copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all | |
243 of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the | |
244 list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. | |
245 These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. | |
246 | |
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247 You may add a section Entitled ``Endorsements,'' provided it contains |
31301 | 248 nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various |
249 parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has | |
250 been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a | |
251 standard. | |
252 | |
253 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a | |
254 passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list | |
255 of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of | |
256 Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or | |
257 through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already | |
258 includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or | |
259 by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, | |
260 you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit | |
261 permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. | |
262 | |
263 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License | |
264 give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or | |
265 imply endorsement of any Modified Version. | |
266 @sp 1 | |
267 @item | |
268 COMBINING DOCUMENTS | |
269 | |
270 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this | |
271 License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified | |
272 versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the | |
273 Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and | |
274 list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its | |
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275 license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. |
31301 | 276 |
277 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and | |
278 multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single | |
279 copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but | |
280 different contents, make the title of each such section unique by | |
281 adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original | |
282 author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. | |
283 Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of | |
284 Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. | |
285 | |
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286 In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled ``History'' |
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287 in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled |
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288 ``History''; likewise combine any sections Entitled ``Acknowledgements,'' |
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289 and any sections Entitled ``Dedications.'' You must delete all sections |
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290 Entitled ``Endorsements.'' |
31301 | 291 @sp 1 |
292 @item | |
293 COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS | |
294 | |
295 You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents | |
296 released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this | |
297 License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in | |
298 the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for | |
299 verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. | |
300 | |
301 You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute | |
302 it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this | |
303 License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all | |
304 other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. | |
305 @sp 1 | |
306 @item | |
307 AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS | |
308 | |
309 A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate | |
310 and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or | |
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311 distribution medium, is called an ``aggregate'' if the copyright |
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312 resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights |
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313 of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. |
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314 When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not |
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315 apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves |
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316 derivative works of the Document. |
31301 | 317 |
318 If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these | |
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319 copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of |
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320 the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on |
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321 covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the |
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322 electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. |
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323 Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole |
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324 aggregate. |
31301 | 325 @sp 1 |
326 @item | |
327 TRANSLATION | |
328 | |
329 Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may | |
330 distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. | |
331 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special | |
332 permission from their copyright holders, but you may include | |
333 translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the | |
334 original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a | |
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335 translation of this License, and all the license notices in the |
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336 Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include |
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337 the original English version of this License and the original versions |
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338 of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between |
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339 the translation and the original version of this License or a notice |
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340 or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. |
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341 |
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342 If a section in the Document is Entitled ``Acknowledgements,'' |
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343 ``Dedications,'' or ``History,'' the requirement (section 4) to Preserve |
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344 its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual |
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345 title. |
31301 | 346 @sp 1 |
347 @item | |
348 TERMINATION | |
349 | |
350 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except | |
351 as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to | |
352 copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will | |
353 automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, | |
354 parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this | |
355 License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such | |
356 parties remain in full compliance. | |
357 @sp 1 | |
358 @item | |
359 FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE | |
360 | |
361 The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions | |
362 of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new | |
363 versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may | |
364 differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See | |
365 http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/. | |
366 | |
367 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. | |
368 If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this | |
369 License ``or any later version'' applies to it, you have the option of | |
370 following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or | |
371 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the | |
372 Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version | |
373 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not | |
374 as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. | |
375 | |
376 @end enumerate | |
377 | |
378 @unnumberedsec ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents | |
379 | |
380 To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of | |
381 the License in the document and put the following copyright and | |
382 license notices just after the title page: | |
383 | |
384 @smallexample | |
385 @group | |
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386 Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{your name}. |
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387 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
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388 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 |
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389 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; |
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390 with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. |
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391 A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU |
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392 Free Documentation License.'' |
31301 | 393 @end group |
394 @end smallexample | |
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395 |
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396 If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, |
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397 replace the ``with...Texts.'' line with this: |
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398 |
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399 @smallexample |
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400 @group |
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401 with the Invariant Sections being @var{list their titles}, with the |
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402 Front-Cover Texts being @var{list}, and with the Back-Cover Texts being |
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403 @var{list}. |
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404 @end group |
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405 @end smallexample |
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406 |
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407 If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other |
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408 combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the |
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409 situation. |
31301 | 410 |
411 If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we | |
412 recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of | |
413 free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, | |
414 to permit their use in free software. | |
52401 | 415 |
416 @ignore | |
417 arch-tag: c1679162-1d8a-4f02-bc52-2e71765f0165 | |
418 @end ignore |