annotate man/xresources.texi @ 42223:e5cf11c58b71

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author Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
date Fri, 21 Dec 2001 11:07:49 +0000
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1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
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2 @c Copyright (C) 1987,93,94,95,1997,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
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4 @node X Resources, Antinews, Command Arguments, Top
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5 @appendix X Options and Resources
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6
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7 You can customize some X-related aspects of Emacs behavior using X
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8 resources, as is usual for programs that use X. X resources are the
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9 only way to customize tooltip windows and LessTif menus, since the
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10 libraries that implement them don't provide for customization through
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11 Emacs. This appendix describes the X resources that Emacs recognizes
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12 and how to use them.
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13
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14 @menu
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15 * Resources:: Using X resources with Emacs (in general).
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16 * Table of Resources:: Table of specific X resources that affect Emacs.
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17 * Face Resources:: X resources for customizing faces.
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18 * Lucid Resources:: X resources for Lucid menus.
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19 * LessTif Resources:: X resources for LessTif and Motif menus.
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20 @end menu
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21
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22 @node Resources
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23 @appendixsec X Resources
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24 @cindex resources
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25
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26 @cindex X resources, @file{~/.Xdefaults} file
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27 Programs running under the X Window System organize their user options
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28 under a hierarchy of classes and resources. You can specify default
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29 values for these options in your X resources file, usually named
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30 @file{~/.Xdefaults}.
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31
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32 Each line in the file specifies a value for one option or for a
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33 collection of related options, for one program or for several programs
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34 (optionally even for all programs).
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35
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36 @cindex Registry (MS-Windows)
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37 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults} file, and MS-Windows
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38 MS-Windows systems don't support @file{~/.Xdefaults} files, but
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39 Emacs compiled for Windows looks for X resources in the Windows
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40 Registry, under the keys @samp{HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs}
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41 and @samp{HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs}.
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42
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43 Programs define named resources with particular meanings. They also
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44 define how to group resources into named classes. For instance, in
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45 Emacs, the @samp{internalBorder} resource controls the width of the
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46 internal border, and the @samp{borderWidth} resource controls the width
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47 of the external border. Both of these resources are part of the
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48 @samp{BorderWidth} class. Case distinctions are significant in these
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49 names.
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50
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51 In @file{~/.Xdefaults}, you can specify a value for a single resource
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52 on one line, like this:
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53
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54 @example
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55 emacs.borderWidth: 2
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56 @end example
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57
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58 @noindent
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59 Or you can use a class name to specify the same value for all resources
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60 in that class. Here's an example:
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61
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62 @example
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63 emacs.BorderWidth: 2
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64 @end example
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65
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66 If you specify a value for a class, it becomes the default for all
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67 resources in that class. You can specify values for individual
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68 resources as well; these override the class value, for those particular
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69 resources. Thus, this example specifies 2 as the default width for all
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70 borders, but overrides this value with 4 for the external border:
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71
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72 @example
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73 emacs.BorderWidth: 2
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74 emacs.borderWidth: 4
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75 @end example
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76
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77 The order in which the lines appear in the file does not matter.
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78 Also, command-line options always override the X resources file.
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79
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80 The string @samp{emacs} in the examples above is also a resource
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81 name. It actually represents the name of the executable file that you
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82 invoke to run Emacs. If Emacs is installed under a different name, it
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83 looks for resources under that name instead of @samp{emacs}.
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84
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85 @table @samp
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86 @item -name @var{name}
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87 @opindex --name
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88 @itemx --name=@var{name}
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89 @cindex resource name, command-line argument
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90 Use @var{name} as the resource name (and the title) for the initial
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91 Emacs frame. This option does not affect subsequent frames, but Lisp
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92 programs can specify frame names when they create frames.
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93
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94 If you don't specify this option, the default is to use the Emacs
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95 executable's name as the resource name.
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96
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97 @item -xrm @var{resource-values}
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98 @opindex --xrm
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99 @itemx --xrm=@var{resource-values}
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100 @cindex resource values, command-line argument
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101 Specify X resource values for this Emacs job (see below).
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102 @end table
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103
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104 For consistency, @samp{-name} also specifies the name to use for
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105 other resource values that do not belong to any particular frame.
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106
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107 The resources that name Emacs invocations also belong to a class; its
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108 name is @samp{Emacs}. If you write @samp{Emacs} instead of
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109 @samp{emacs}, the resource applies to all frames in all Emacs jobs,
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110 regardless of frame titles and regardless of the name of the executable
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111 file. Here is an example:
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112
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113 @example
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114 Emacs.BorderWidth: 2
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115 Emacs.borderWidth: 4
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116 @end example
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117
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118 You can specify a string of additional resource values for Emacs to
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119 use with the command line option @samp{-xrm @var{resources}}. The text
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120 @var{resources} should have the same format that you would use inside a file
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121 of X resources. To include multiple resource specifications in
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122 @var{resources}, put a newline between them, just as you would in a file.
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123 You can also use @samp{#include "@var{filename}"} to include a file full
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124 of resource specifications. Resource values specified with @samp{-xrm}
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125 take precedence over all other resource specifications.
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126
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127 One way to experiment with the effect of different resource settings
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128 is to use the @code{editres} program. Select @samp{Get Tree} from the
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129 @samp{Commands} menu, then click on an Emacs frame. This will display
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130 a tree showing the structure of X toolkit widgets used in an Emacs
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131 frame. Select one of them, such as @samp{menubar}, then select
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132 @samp{Show Resource Box} from the @samp{Commands} menu. This displays
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133 a list of all the meaningful X resources and allows you to edit them.
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134 Changes take effect immediately if you click on the @samp{Apply} button.
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135
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136 @node Table of Resources
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137 @appendixsec Table of X Resources for Emacs
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138
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139 This table lists the resource names that designate options for
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140 Emacs, each with the class that it belongs to:
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141
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142 @table @asis
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143 @item @code{background} (class @code{Background})
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144 Background color name.
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145
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146 @item @code{bitmapIcon} (class @code{BitmapIcon})
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147 Use a bitmap icon (a picture of a gnu) if @samp{on}, let the window
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148 manager choose an icon if @samp{off}.
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149
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150 @item @code{borderColor} (class @code{BorderColor})
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151 Color name for the external border.
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152
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153 @item @code{borderWidth} (class @code{BorderWidth})
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154 Width in pixels of the external border.
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155
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156 @item @code{cursorColor} (class @code{Foreground})
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157 Color name for text cursor (point).
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158
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159 @item @code{font} (class @code{Font})
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160 Font name for text (or fontset name, @pxref{Fontsets}).
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161
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162 @item @code{foreground} (class @code{Foreground})
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163 Color name for text.
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164
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165 @item @code{geometry} (class @code{Geometry})
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166 Window size and position. Be careful not to specify this resource as
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167 @samp{emacs*geometry}, because that may affect individual menus as well
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168 as the Emacs frame itself.
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169
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170 If this resource specifies a position, that position applies only to the
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171 initial Emacs frame (or, in the case of a resource for a specific frame
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172 name, only that frame). However, the size, if specified here, applies to
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173 all frames.
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174
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175 @item @code{iconName} (class @code{Title})
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176 Name to display in the icon.
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177
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178 @item @code{internalBorder} (class @code{BorderWidth})
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179 Width in pixels of the internal border.
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180
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181 @item @code{lineSpacing} (class @code{LineSpacing})
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182 @cindex line spacing
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183 @cindex leading
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184 Additional space (@dfn{leading}) between lines, in pixels.
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185
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186 @item @code{menuBar} (class @code{MenuBar})
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187 Give frames menu bars if @samp{on}; don't have menu bars if @samp{off}.
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188
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189 @item @code{toolBar} (class @code{ToolBar})
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190 Number of lines to reserve for the tool bar. A zero value suppresses
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191 the tool bar. If the value is non-zero and
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192 @code{auto-resize-tool-bars} is non-@code{nil}, the tool bar's size
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193 will be changed automatically so that all tool bar items are visible.
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194
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195 @item @code{minibuffer} (class @code{Minibuffer})
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196 If @samp{none}, don't make a minibuffer in this frame.
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197 It will use a separate minibuffer frame instead.
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198
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199 @item @code{paneFont} (class @code{Font})
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200 @cindex font for menus
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201 Font name for menu pane titles, in non-toolkit versions of Emacs.
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202
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203 @item @code{pointerColor} (class @code{Foreground})
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204 Color of the mouse cursor.
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205
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206 @ignore
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207 @item @code{privateColormap} (class @code{PrivateColormap})
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208 If @samp{on}, use a private color map, in the case where the ``default
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209 visual'' of class PseudoColor and Emacs is using it.
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210 @end ignore
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211
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212 @item @code{reverseVideo} (class @code{ReverseVideo})
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213 Switch foreground and background default colors if @samp{on}, use colors as
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214 specified if @samp{off}.
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215
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216 @item @code{screenGamma} (class @code{ScreenGamma})
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217 @cindex gamma correction
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218 Gamma correction for colors, equivalent to the frame parameter
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219 @code{screen-gamma}.
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220
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221 @item @code{selectionFont} (class @code{Font})
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222 Font name for pop-up menu items, in non-toolkit versions of Emacs. (For
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223 toolkit versions, see @ref{Lucid Resources}, also see @ref{LessTif
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224 Resources}.)
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225
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226 @item @code{synchronous} (class @code{Synchronous})
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227 @cindex debugging X problems
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228 @cindex synchronous X mode
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229 Run Emacs in synchronous mode if @samp{on}. Synchronous mode is
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230 useful for debugging X problems.
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231
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232 @item @code{title} (class @code{Title})
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233 Name to display in the title bar of the initial Emacs frame.
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234
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235 @item @code{verticalScrollBars} (class @code{ScrollBars})
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236 Give frames scroll bars if @samp{on}; don't have scroll bars if
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237 @samp{off}.
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238 @end table
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239
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240 @node Face Resources
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241 @appendixsec X Resources for Faces
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242
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243 You can also use resources to customize the appearance of particular
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244 faces (@pxref{Faces}):
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245
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246 @table @code
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247 @item @var{face}.attributeFont
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248 Font for face @var{face}.
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249 @item @var{face}.attributeForeground
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250 Foreground color for face @var{face}.
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251 @item @var{face}.attributeBackground
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252 Background color for face @var{face}.
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253 @item @var{face}.attributeUnderline
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254 Underline flag for face @var{face}. Use @samp{on} or @samp{true} for
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255 yes.
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256 @item @var{face}.attributeFamily
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257 Font family for face @var{face}.
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258 @item @var{face}.attributeWidth
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259 Relative proportional width of the font to use for face @var{face}.
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260 It should be one of @code{ultra-condensed}, @code{extra-condensed},
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261 @code{condensed}, @code{semi-condensed}, @code{normal},
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262 @code{semi-expanded}, @code{expanded}, @code{extra-expanded}, or
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263 @code{ultra-expanded}.
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264 @item @var{face}.attributeHeight
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265 Height of the font to use for face @var{face}: either an integer
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266 specifying the height in units of 1/10@dmn{pt}, or a floating point
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267 number that specifies a scale factor to scale the underlying face's
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268 default font, or a function to be called with the default height which
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269 will return a new height.
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270 @item @var{face}.attributeWeight
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271 A weight to use for the face @var{face}. It must be one of
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272 @code{ultra-bold}, @code{extra-bold}, @code{bold},
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273 @code{semi-bold}, @code{normal}, @code{semi-light}, @code{light},
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274 @code{extra-light}, @code{ultra-light}.
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275 @item @var{face}.attributeSlant
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276 The slant to use for the font of face @var{face}. It must be one of
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277 @code{italic}, @code{oblique}, @code{normal},
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278 @code{reverse-italic}, or @code{reverse-oblique}.
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279 @item @var{face}.attributeStrikeThrough
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280 Whether the face @var{face} should be drawn with a line striking
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281 through the characters.
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282 @item @var{face}.attributeOverline
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283 Whether the characters in the face @var{face} should be overlined.
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284 @item @var{face}.attributeBox
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285 Whether to draw a box around the characters in face @var{face}.
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286 @item @var{face}.attributeInverse
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287 Whether to display the characters in face @var{face} in inverse
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288 video.
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289 @item @var{face}.attributeStipple
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290 The name of a pixmap data file to use for the stipple pattern, or
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291 @code{false} to not use stipple for the face @var{face}.
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292 @item @var{face}.attributeBackgroundPixmap
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293 The background pixmap for the face @var{face}. Should be a name of a
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294 pixmap file or @code{false}.
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295 @item @var{face}.attributeBold
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296 Whether to draw the characters in the face @var{face} as bold.
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297 @item @var{face}.attributeItalic
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298 Whether to draw the characters in the face @var{face} as italic.
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299 @end table
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300
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301 @node Lucid Resources
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302 @appendixsec Lucid Menu X Resources
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303 @cindex Menu X Resources (Lucid widgets)
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304 @cindex Lucid Widget X Resources
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305
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306 If the Emacs installed at your site was built to use the X toolkit
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307 with the Lucid menu widgets, then the menu bar is a separate widget and
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308 has its own resources. The resource names contain @samp{pane.menubar}
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309 (following, as always, the name of the Emacs invocation, or @samp{Emacs},
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310 which stands for all Emacs invocations). Specify them like this:
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311
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312 @example
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313 Emacs.pane.menubar.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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314 @end example
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315
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316 @noindent
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317 For example, to specify the font @samp{8x16} for the menu-bar items,
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318 write this:
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319
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320 @example
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321 Emacs.pane.menubar.font: 8x16
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322 @end example
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323
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324 @noindent
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325 Resources for @emph{non-menubar} toolkit pop-up menus have
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326 @samp{menu*}, in like fashion. For example, to specify the font
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327 @samp{8x16} for the pop-up menu items, write this:
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328
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329 @example
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330 Emacs.menu*.font: 8x16
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331 @end example
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332
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333 @noindent
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334 For dialog boxes, use @samp{dialog} instead of @samp{menu}:
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335
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336 @example
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337 Emacs.dialog*.font: 8x16
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338 @end example
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339
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340 @noindent
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341 Experience shows that on some systems you may need to add
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342 @samp{shell.}@: before the @samp{pane.menubar} or @samp{menu*}. On
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343 some other systems, you must not add @samp{shell.}.
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344
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345 Here is a list of the specific resources for menu bars and pop-up menus:
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346
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347 @table @code
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348 @item font
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349 Font for menu item text.
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350 @item foreground
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351 Color of the foreground.
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352 @item background
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353 Color of the background.
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354 @item buttonForeground
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355 In the menu bar, the color of the foreground for a selected item.
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356 @item horizontalSpacing
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357 Horizontal spacing in pixels between items. Default is 3.
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358 @item verticalSpacing
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359 Vertical spacing in pixels between items. Default is 1.
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360 @item arrowSpacing
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361 Horizontal spacing between the arrow (which indicates a submenu) and
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362 the associated text. Default is 10.
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363 @item shadowThickness
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364 Thickness of shadow line around the widget.
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365 @item margin
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366 The margin of the menu bar, in characters. The default of 4 makes the
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367 menu bar appear like the LessTif/Motif one.
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368 @end table
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369
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370 @node LessTif Resources
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371 @appendixsec LessTif Menu X Resources
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372 @cindex Menu X Resources (LessTif widgets)
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373 @cindex LessTif Widget X Resources
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374
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375 If the Emacs installed at your site was built to use the X toolkit
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376 with the LessTif or Motif widgets, then the menu bar, the dialog
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377 boxes, the pop-up menus, and the file-selection box are separate
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378 widgets and have their own resources.
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379
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380 The resource names for the menu bar contain @samp{pane.menubar}
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381 (following, as always, the name of the Emacs invocation, or
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382 @samp{Emacs}, which stands for all Emacs invocations). Specify them
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383 like this:
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384
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385 @smallexample
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386 Emacs.pane.menubar.@var{subwidget}.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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387 @end smallexample
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388
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389 Each individual string in the menu bar is a subwidget; the subwidget's
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390 name is the same as the menu item string. For example, the word
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391 @samp{File} in the menu bar is part of a subwidget named
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392 @samp{emacs.pane.menubar.File}. Most likely, you want to specify the
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393 same resources for the whole menu bar. To do this, use @samp{*} instead
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394 of a specific subwidget name. For example, to specify the font
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395 @samp{8x16} for the menu-bar items, write this:
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396
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397 @smallexample
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398 Emacs.pane.menubar.*.fontList: 8x16
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399 @end smallexample
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400
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401 @noindent
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402 This also specifies the resource value for submenus.
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403
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404 Each item in a submenu in the menu bar also has its own name for X
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405 resources; for example, the @samp{File} submenu has an item named
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406 @samp{Save (current buffer)}. A resource specification for a submenu
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407 item looks like this:
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408
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409 @smallexample
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410 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.@var{menu}.@var{item}.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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411 @end smallexample
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412
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413 @noindent
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414 For example, here's how to specify the font for the @samp{Save (current
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415 buffer)} item:
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416
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417 @smallexample
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418 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.File.Save (current buffer).fontList: 8x16
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419 @end smallexample
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420
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421 @noindent
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422 For an item in a second-level submenu, such as @samp{Complete Word}
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423 under @samp{Spell Checking} under @samp{Tools}, the resource fits this
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424 template:
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425
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426 @smallexample
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427 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.popup_*.@var{menu}.@var{resource}: @var{value}
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428 @end smallexample
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429
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430 @noindent
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431 For example,
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432
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433 @smallexample
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434 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.popup_*.Spell Checking.Complete Word: @var{value}
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435 @end smallexample
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436
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437 @noindent
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438 (This should be one long line.)
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439
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440 It's impossible to specify a resource for all the menu-bar items
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441 without also specifying it for the submenus as well. So if you want the
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442 submenu items to look different from the menu bar itself, you must ask
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443 for that in two steps. First, specify the resource for all of them;
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444 then, override the value for submenus alone. Here is an example:
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445
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446 @smallexample
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447 Emacs.pane.menubar.*.fontList: 8x16
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448 Emacs.pane.menubar.popup_*.fontList: 8x16
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449 @end smallexample
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450
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451 @noindent
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452 For LessTif pop-up menus, use @samp{menu*} instead of
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453 @samp{pane.menubar}. For example, to specify the font @samp{8x16} for
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454 the pop-up menu items, write this:
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455
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456 @smallexample
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457 Emacs.menu*.fontList: 8x16
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458 @end smallexample
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459
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460 @noindent
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461 For LessTif dialog boxes, use @samp{dialog} instead of @samp{menu}:
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462
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463 @example
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464 Emacs.dialog*.fontList: 8x16
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465 Emacs.dialog*.foreground: hotpink
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466 @end example
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467
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468 To specify resources for the LessTif file-selection box, use
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469 @samp{fsb*}, like this:
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470
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471 @example
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472 Emacs.fsb*.fontList: 8x16
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473 @end example
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474
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475 @iftex
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476 @medbreak
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477 @end iftex
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478 Here is a list of the specific resources for LessTif menu bars and
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479 pop-up menus:
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480
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481 @table @code
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482 @item armColor
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483 The color to show in an armed button.
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484 @item fontList
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485 The font to use.
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486 @item marginBottom
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487 @itemx marginHeight
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488 @itemx marginLeft
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489 @itemx marginRight
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490 @itemx marginTop
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491 @itemx marginWidth
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492 Amount of space to leave around the item, within the border.
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493 @item borderWidth
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494 The width of the border around the menu item, on all sides.
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495 @item shadowThickness
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496 The width of the border shadow.
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497 @item bottomShadowColor
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498 The color for the border shadow, on the bottom and the right.
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499 @item topShadowColor
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500 The color for the border shadow, on the top and the left.
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501 @end table