annotate etc/cs-survival.tex @ 62149:e64f1e2ecec2

(easy-mmode-pretty-mode-name): Explain more about the LIGHTER arg's usage in the doc string. Add commentary to clarify what the code does. Fix the regexp that strips whitespace from LIGHTER. Quote LIGHTER before using it, since it could have characters special to regular expressions.
author Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
date Sat, 07 May 2005 15:05:00 +0000
parents 746c40973d25
children 23a17af379b1 eb7e8d483840
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
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1 %
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2 % Title: GNU Emacs Survival Card
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3 % Author: Wlodek Bzyl <matwb@univ.gda.pl>
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4 %
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5 %**start of header
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6
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7 % User interface is `plain.tex' and macros described below
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8 %
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9 % \title{CARD TITLE}{for version 21}
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10 % \section{NAME}
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11 % optional paragraphs separated with \askip amount of vertical space
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12 % \key{KEY-NAME} description of key or
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13 % \mkey{M-x LONG-LISP-NAME} description of Elisp function
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14 %
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15 % \kbd{ARG} -- argument is typed literally
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16
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17 \def\plainfmtname{plain}
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18 \ifx\fmtname\plainfmtname
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19 \else
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20 \errmessage{This file requires `plain' format to be typeset correctly}
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21 \endinput
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22 \fi
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23
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746c40973d25 Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-210
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24 % Copyright (c) 2000, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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25
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26 % This file is part of GNU Emacs.
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27
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28 % GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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29 % it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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30 % the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
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31 % any later version.
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32
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33 % GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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34 % but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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35 % MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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36 % GNU General Public License for more details.
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37
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38 % You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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39 % along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
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40 % the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
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41 % Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
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42
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43 % Czech hyphenation rules applied
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44 \chyph
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45
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46 % Translated to Czech by Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz> in March 2001
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47
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48 % Process the file with `csplain' from the `CSTeX' distribution (included
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49 % e.g. in the TeX Live CD).
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50
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51 \def\versionnumber{1.0}
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52 \def\year{2000}
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53
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54 \def\copyrightnotice{\penalty-1\vfill
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55 \vbox{\smallfont\baselineskip=0.8\baselineskip\raggedcenter
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56 Copyright \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.\break
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57 Verze \versionnumber{} pro GNU Emacs 21, duben 2000\break
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58 W{\l}odek Bzyl (matwb@univ.gda.pl)\break
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59 Do češtiny přeložil Pavel Janík (Pavel@Janik.cz)
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60
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61 Kopie tohoto dokumentu můžete vytvářet a šířit
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62 za předpokladu, že budou obsahovat tuto poznámku
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63 o autorských právech.\par}}
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64
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65 \hsize 3.2in
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66 \vsize 7.95in
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67 \font\titlefont=csss10 scaled 1200
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68 \font\headingfont=csss10
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69 \font\smallfont=csr6
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70 \font\smallsy=cmsy6
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71 \font\eightrm=csr8
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72 \font\eightbf=csbx8
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73 \font\eightit=csti8
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74 \font\eighttt=cstt8
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75 \font\eightmi=csmi8
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76 \font\eightsy=cmsy8
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77 \font\eightss=cmss8
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78 \textfont0=\eightrm
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79 \textfont1=\eightmi
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80 \textfont2=\eightsy
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81 \def\rm{\eightrm} \rm
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82 \def\bf{\eightbf}
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83 \def\it{\eightit}
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84 \def\tt{\eighttt}
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85 \def\ss{\eightss}
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86 \baselineskip=0.8\baselineskip
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87
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88 \newdimen\intercolumnskip % horizontal space between columns
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89 \intercolumnskip=0.5in
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90
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91 % The TeXbook, p. 257
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92 \let\lr=L \newbox\leftcolumn
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93 \output={\if L\lr
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94 \global\setbox\leftcolumn\columnbox \global\let\lr=R
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95 \else
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96 \doubleformat \global\let\lr=L\fi}
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97 \def\doubleformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline
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98 \leftline{\box\leftcolumn\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox}
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99 \makefootline}
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100 \advancepageno}
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101 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
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102
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103 \def\newcolumn{\vfil\eject}
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104
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105 \def\bye{\par\vfil\supereject
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106 \if R\lr \null\vfil\eject\fi
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107 \end}
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108
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109 \outer\def\title#1#2{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus 0.5ex
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110 \centerline{\ss#2}
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111 \vskip2\baselineskip}
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112
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113 \outer\def\section#1{\filbreak
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114 \bskip
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115 \leftline{\headingfont #1}
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116 \askip}
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117 \def\bskip{\vskip 2.5ex plus 0.25ex }
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118 \def\askip{\vskip 0.75ex plus 0.25ex}
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119
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120 \newdimen\defwidth \defwidth=0.25\hsize
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121 \def\hang{\hangindent\defwidth}
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122
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123 \def\textindent#1{\noindent\llap{\hbox to \defwidth{\tt#1\hfil}}\ignorespaces}
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124 \def\key{\par\hangafter=0\hang\textindent}
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125
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126 \def\mtextindent#1{\noindent\hbox{\tt#1\quad}\ignorespaces}
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127 \def\mkey{\par\hangafter=1\hang\mtextindent}
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128
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129 \def\kbd#{\bgroup\tt \let\next= }
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130
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131 \newdimen\raggedstretch
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132 \newskip\raggedparfill \raggedparfill=0pt plus 1fil
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133 \def\nohyphens
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134 {\hyphenpenalty10000\exhyphenpenalty10000\pretolerance10000}
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135 \def\raggedspaces
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136 {\spaceskip=0.3333em\relax
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137 \xspaceskip=0.5em\relax}
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138 \def\raggedright
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139 {\raggedstretch=6em
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140 \nohyphens
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141 \rightskip=0pt plus \raggedstretch
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142 \raggedspaces
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143 \parfillskip=\raggedparfill
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144 \relax}
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145 \def\raggedcenter
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146 {\raggedstretch=6em
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147 \nohyphens
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148 \rightskip=0pt plus \raggedstretch
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149 \leftskip=\rightskip
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150 \raggedspaces
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151 \parfillskip=0pt
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152 \relax}
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153
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154 \chardef\\=`\\
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155
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156 \raggedright
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157 \nopagenumbers
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158 \parindent 0pt
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159 \interlinepenalty=10000
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160 \hoffset -0.2in
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161 %\voffset 0.2in
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162
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163 %**end of header
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164
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165
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166 \title{Karta\ \ pro\ \ přežití\ \ s\ \ GNU\ \ Emacsem}{pro verzi 21}
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167
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168 V~následujícím textu \kbd{C-z} znamená: stiskněte klávesu `\kbd{z}' a
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169 současně přidržte stisknutou klávesu {\it Ctrl}. \kbd{M-z} znamená, že
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170 současně s klávesou `\kbd{z}' přidržíte klávesu {\it Meta\/} (většinou
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171 označenou {\it Alt\/}) nebo ji stisknete po stisknutí klávesy {\it Esc\/}.
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172
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173
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174 \section{Spuštění Emacsu}
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175
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176 Pro spuštění GNU Emacsu jednoduše napište jeho jméno: \kbd{emacs}.
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177 Emacs rozděluje rámec na několik částí:
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178 řádek menu,
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179 buffer s editovaným textem,
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180 tzv. mode line popisující buffer nad ní
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181 a minibuffer v poslední řádce.
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182 \askip
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183 \key{C-x C-c} ukončení Emacsu
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184 \key{C-x C-f} editace souboru; tento příkaz využívá minibuffer k přečtení
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185 jména souboru; tento příkaz použijte i tehdy, chcete-li
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186 vytvořit nový soubor zadaného jména
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187 \key{C-x C-s} uložit soubor
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188 \key{C-x k} zavřít buffer
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189 \key{C-g} ve většině situací: zastavení aktuálně prováděné činnosti,
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190 zrušení zadávání příkazu apod.
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191 \key{C-x u} obnovit
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192
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193 \section{Pohyb}
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194
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195 \key{C-l} přesun aktuální řádky do středu okna
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196 \key{C-x b} přepnutí do jiného bufferu
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197 \key{M-<} přesun na začátek bufferu
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198 \key{M->} přesun na konec bufferu
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199 \key{M-x goto-line} přesun na řádek zadaného čísla
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200
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201 \section{Více oken}
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202
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203 \key{C-x 0} odstranění aktuálního okna
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204 \key{C-x 1} aktuální okno se stane jediným oknem
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205 \key{C-x 2} rozdělení okna horizontálně
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206 \key{C-x 3} rozdělení okna vertikálně
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207 \key{C-x o} přesun do jiného okna
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208
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209 \section{Regiony}
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210
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211 Emacs definuje `region' jako prostor mezi {\it značkou\/} a
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212 {\it bodem}. Značka je nastavena pomocí \kbd{C-{\it space}}.
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213 Bod je v místě aktuální pozice kurzoru.
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214 \askip
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215 \key{M-h} označ celý odstavec
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216 \key{C-x h} označ celý buffer
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217
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218 \section{Vyjmutí a kopírování}
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219
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220 \key{C-w} vyjmi region
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221 \key{M-w} zkopíruj region do kill-ringu
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222 \key{C-k} vyjmi text od kurzoru do konce řádku
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223 \key{M-DEL} vyjmi slovo
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224 \key{C-y} vlož zpět poslední vyjmutý text (kombinace kláves \kbd{C-w C-y}
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225 může být použita pro přesuny textů)
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226 \key{M-y} nahraď poslední vložený text předchozím vyjmutým textem
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227
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228 \section{Vyhledávání}
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229
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230 \key{C-s} hledej řetězec
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231 \key{C-r} hledej řetězec zpět
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232 \key{RET} ukonči hledání
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233 \key{M-C-s} hledej regulární výraz
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234 \key{M-C-r} hledej regulární výraz zpět
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235 \askip
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236 Kombinace \kbd{C-s} nebo \kbd{C-r} můžete použít i k opakování hledání
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237 jiným směrem.
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238
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239 \section{Značky (tags)}
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240
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241 Tabulky značek (tags) zaznamenávají polohu funkcí a procedur, globálních
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242 proměnných, datových typů a dalšího. Pro vytvoření tabulky značek spusťte
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243 příkaz `{\tt etags} {\it vstupní\_soubory}' v příkazovém interpretu.
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244 \askip
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245 \key{M-.} najdi definici
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246 \key{C-u M-.} najdi další výskyt definice
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247 \key{M-*} běž tam, odkud byla volána poslední \kbd{M-.}
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248 \mkey{M-x tags-query-replace} spusť query-replace na všech souborech
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249 zaznamenaných v tabulce značek.
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250 \key{M-,} pokračuj v posledním hledání značky nebo query-replace
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251
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252 \section{Překlady}
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253
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254 \key{M-x compile} přelož kód v aktivním okně
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255 \key{C-c C-c} běž na poslední chybu překladače, v okně překladu
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256 \key{C-x `} v okně se zdrojovým textem
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257
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258 \section{Dired, editor adresářů}
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259
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260 \key{C-x d} spusť Dired
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261 \key{d} označ tento soubor pro smazání
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262 \key{\~{}} označ všechny zálohy ke smazání
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263 \key{u} odstraň všechny značky pro smazání
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264 \key{x} smaž soubory označené pro smazání
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265 \key{C} kopíruj soubor
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266 \key{g} obnov buffer Diredu
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267 \key{f} navštiv soubor v aktuální řádce
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268 \key{s} přepni mezi řazením podle abecedy a data/času
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269
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270 \section{Čtení a posílání pošty}
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271
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272 \key{M-x rmail} začni číst poštu
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273 \key{q} ukonči čtení pošty
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274 \key{h} ukaž hlavičky
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275 \key{d} označ aktuální zprávu ke smazání
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276 \key{x} smaž všechny zprávy označené ke smazání
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277
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278 \key{C-x m} nová zpráva
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279 \key{C-c C-c} pošli zprávu a přepni do jiného bufferu
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280 \key{C-c C-f C-c} přesuň se na hlavičku `CC' a pokud neexistuje, tak ji
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281 vytvoř
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282
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283 \section{Různé}
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284
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285 \key{M-q} zarovnej odstavec
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286 \key{M-/} doplň dynamicky předchozí slovo
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287 \key{C-z} ikonizuj (přeruš) Emacs
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288 \mkey{M-x revert-buffer} nahraď text editovaného souboru tímtéž souborem z disku
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289
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290 \section{Nahrazování}
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291
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292 \key{M-\%} interaktivně hledej a nahrazuj
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293 \key{M-C-\%} za použití regulárních výrazů
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294 \askip
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295 Možné odpovědi v módu hledání jsou
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296 \askip
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297 \key{SPC} nahraď tento výskyt; běž na další
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298 \key{,} nahraď tento výskyt; nechoď dále
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299 \key{DEL} tento výskyt nenahrazuj a běž dál
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300 \key{!} nahraď všechny další výskyty
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301 \key{\^{}} zpět na předchozí výskyt
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302 \key{RET} ukonči query-replace
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303 \key{C-r} začni rekurzivní editaci (\kbd{M-C-c} ji ukončí)
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304
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305 \section{Regulární výrazy}
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306
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307 \key{. {\rm(tečka)}} libovolný znak kromě znaku nového řádku
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308 \key{*} žádné nebo mnoho opakování
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309 \key{+} jedno nebo mnoho opakování
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310 \key{?} žádné nebo jedno opakování
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311 \key{[$\ldots$]} označuje třídu znaků
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312 \key{[\^{}$\ldots$]} neguje třídu znaků
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313
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314 \key{\\{\it c}} uvození znaku, který by měl jinak speciální význam v
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315 regulárním výrazu
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316
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317 \key{$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$} vyhovuje jedné z alternativ (\uv{nebo})
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318 \key{\\( $\ldots$ \\)} seskupení několika vzorků do jednoho
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319 \key{\\{\it n}} totéž jako {\it n\/}-tá skupina
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320
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321 \key{\^{}} vyhovuje na začátku řádku
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322 \key{\$} vyhovuje na konci řádku
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323
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324 \key{\\w} vyhovuje znaku, který může být součástí slova
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325 \key{\\W} vyhovuje znaku, který nemůže být součástí slova
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326 \key{\\<} vyhovuje na začátku slova
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327 \key{\\>} vyhovuje na konci slova
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328 \key{\\b} vyhovuje mezislovním mezerám
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329 \key{\\B} vyhovuje mezerám, které nejsou mezislovní
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330
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331 \section{Registry}
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332
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333 \key{C-x r s} ulož region do registru
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334 \key{C-x r i} vlož obsah registru do bufferu
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335
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336 \key{C-x r SPC} ulož aktuální pozici kurzoru do registru
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337 \key{C-x r j} skoč na pozici kurzoru uloženou v registru
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338
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339 \section{Obdélníky}
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340
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341 \key{C-x r r} zkopíruj obdélník do registru
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342 \key{C-x r k} vyjmi obdélník
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343 \key{C-x r y} vlož obdélník
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344 \key{C-x r t} uvození každého řádku řetězcem
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345
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346 \key{C-x r o} otevři obdélník, posuň text vpravo
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347 \key{C-x r c} vyprázdni obdélník
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348
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349 \section{Příkazový interpret}
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350
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351 \key{M-x shell} spusť příkazový interpret v Emacsu
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352 \key{M-!} spusť příkaz příkazového interpretu
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353 \key{M-|} spusť příkaz příkazového interpretu na region
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354 \key{C-u M-|} filtruj region přes příkaz příkazového interpretu
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355
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356 \section{Kontrola pravopisu}
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357
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358 \key{M-\$} zkontroluj pravopis slova pod kurzorem
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359 \mkey{M-x ispell-region} zkontroluj pravopis všech slov v regionu
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360 \mkey{M-x ispell-buffer} zkontroluj pravopis v bufferu
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361
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362 \section{Mezinárodní znakové sady}
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363
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364 \key{C-x RET C-\\} zvol a aktivuj vstupní metodu pro aktuální buffer
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365 \key{C-\\} aktivuj nebo deaktivuj vstupní metodu
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366 \mkey{M-x list-input-methods} zobraz seznam všech vstupních metod
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367 \mkey{M-x set-language-environment} specifikuj hlavní jazyk
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368
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369 \key{C-x RET c} nastav kódovací systém pro následující příkaz
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370 \mkey{M-x find-file-literally} edituj soubor bez jakýchkoli konverzí
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371
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372 \mkey{M-x list-coding-systems} ukaž všechny kódovací systémy
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373 \mkey{M-x prefer-coding-system} zvol preferovaný kódovací systém
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374
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375 \section{Klávesová makra}
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376
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377 \key{C-x (} začni definici klávesového makra
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378 \key{C-x )} ukonči definici klávesového makra
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379 \key{C-x e} spusť naposledy definované klávesové makro
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380 \key{C-u C-x (} přidej do posledně definovaného klávesového makra
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381 \mkey{M-x name-last-kbd-macro} pojmenuj naposledy definované makro
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382
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383 \section{Jednoduché nastavení}
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384
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385 \key{M-x customize} jednoduché nastavení
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386
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387 \section{Pomoc}
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388
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389 Emacs doplňuje příkazy. Stisknete-li \kbd{M-x} {\it tab\/} nebo {\it
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390 space\/} dostanete seznam příkazů Emacsu.
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391 \askip
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392 \key{C-h} nápověda Emacsu
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393 \key{C-h t} spustí tutoriál Emacsu
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394 \key{C-h i} spustí Info, prohlížeč dokumentace
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395 \key{C-h a} ukáže příkazy vyhovující zadanému řetězci (apropos)
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396 \key{C-h k} zobrazí dokumentaci funkce spuštěné pomocí zadané klávesy
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397 \askip
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398 Emacs pracuje v různých {\it módech}, které upravují chování
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399 Emacsu pro editovaný text daného typu. Mode line obsahuje jména aktuálních
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400 módů v závorkách.
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401 \askip
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402 \key{C-h m} zobraz dokumentaci aktuálních módů.
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403
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404 \copyrightnotice
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405
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406 \bye
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407
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408 % Local variables:
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409 % compile-command: "csplain survival"
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410 % End:
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411
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412 % arch-tag: 86b21d3f-d8b6-412d-8d77-e6e8728f590e