annotate etc/fr-refcard.tex @ 67310:e6faadb77218

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author Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
date Sun, 04 Dec 2005 17:53:02 +0000
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children e8a3fb527b77 2d92f5c9d6ae
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1
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2 % Reference Card for GNU Emacs version 21 on Unix systems
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3 %**start of header
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4 \newcount\columnsperpage
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5
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6 % This file can be printed with 1, 2, or 3 columns per page (see below).
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7 % Specify how many you want here. Nothing else needs to be changed.
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8
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9 \columnsperpage=1
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10
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11 % Copyright (C) 1987, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2002, 2003, 2004,
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12 % 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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14 % This file is part of GNU Emacs.
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15
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16 % GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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17 % it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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18 % the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
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19 % any later version.
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20
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21 % GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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22 % but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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23 % MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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24 % GNU General Public License for more details.
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25
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26 % You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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27 % along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
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28 % the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
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29 % Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
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31 % This file is intended to be processed by plain TeX (TeX82).
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32 %
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33 % The final reference card has six columns, three on each side.
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34 % This file can be used to produce it in any of three ways:
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35 % 1 column per page
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36 % produces six separate pages, each of which needs to be reduced to 80%.
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37 % This gives the best resolution.
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38 % 2 columns per page
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39 % produces three already-reduced pages.
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40 % You will still need to cut and paste.
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41 % 3 columns per page
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42 % produces two pages which must be printed sideways to make a
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43 % ready-to-use 8.5 x 11 inch reference card.
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44 % For this you need a dvi device driver that can print sideways.
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45 % Which mode to use is controlled by setting \columnsperpage above.
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46 %
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47 % Author:
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48 % Stephen Gildea
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49 % Internet: gildea@stop.mail-abuse.org
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50 %
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51 % Thanks to Paul Rubin, Bob Chassell, Len Tower, and Richard Mlynarik
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52 % for their many good ideas.
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53
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54 % If there were room, it would be nice to see a section on Dired.
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55
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56 \def\versionnumber{2.2}
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57 \def\year{2005}
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58
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59 \def\shortcopyrightnotice{\vskip 1ex plus 2 fill
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60 \centerline{\small \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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61 Permissions au dos. v\versionnumber}}
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62
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63 \def\copyrightnotice{
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64 \vskip 1ex plus 2 fill\begingroup\small
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65 \centerline{Copyright \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.}
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66 \centerline{v\versionnumber{} pour GNU Emacs version 21, Juin \year}
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67 \centerline{conception de Stephen Gildea}
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68 \centerline{traduction fran\c{c}aise d'\'Eric Jacoboni}
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69
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70 Vous pouvez faire et distribuer des copies de cette carte, pourvu que
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71 la note de copyright et cette note de permission soient conserv\'ees sur
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72 toutes les copies.
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73
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74 Pour les copies du manuel GNU Emacs, \'ecrivez \`a la Free Software
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75 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
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76
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77 \endgroup}
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78
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79 % make \bye not \outer so that the \def\bye in the \else clause below
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80 % can be scanned without complaint.
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81 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject\end}
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82
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83 \newdimen\intercolumnskip %horizontal space between columns
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84 \newbox\columna %boxes to hold columns already built
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85 \newbox\columnb
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86
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87 \def\ncolumns{\the\columnsperpage}
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88
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89 \message{[\ncolumns\space
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90 column\if 1\ncolumns\else s\fi\space per page]}
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91
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92 \def\scaledmag#1{ scaled \magstep #1}
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93
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94 % This multi-way format was designed by Stephen Gildea October 1986.
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95 % Note that the 1-column format is fontfamily-independent.
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96 \if 1\ncolumns %one-column format uses normal size
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97 \hsize 4in
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98 \vsize 10in
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99 \voffset -.7in
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100 \font\titlefont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag3
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101 \font\headingfont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag2
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102 \font\smallfont=\fontname\sevenrm
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103 \font\smallsy=\fontname\sevensy
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104
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105 \footline{\hss\folio}
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106 \def\makefootline{\baselineskip10pt\hsize6.5in\line{\the\footline}}
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107 \else %2 or 3 columns uses prereduced size
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108 \hsize 3.2in
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109 \vsize 7.95in
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110 \hoffset -.75in
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111 \voffset -.745in
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112 \font\titlefont=cmbx10 \scaledmag2
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113 \font\headingfont=cmbx10 \scaledmag1
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114 \font\smallfont=cmr6
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115 \font\smallsy=cmsy6
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116 \font\eightrm=cmr8
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117 \font\eightbf=cmbx8
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118 \font\eightit=cmti8
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119 \font\eighttt=cmtt8
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120 \font\eightmi=cmmi8
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121 \font\eightsy=cmsy8
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122 \textfont0=\eightrm
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123 \textfont1=\eightmi
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124 \textfont2=\eightsy
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125 \def\rm{\eightrm}
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126 \def\bf{\eightbf}
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127 \def\it{\eightit}
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128 \def\tt{\eighttt}
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129 \normalbaselineskip=.8\normalbaselineskip
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130 \normallineskip=.8\normallineskip
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131 \normallineskiplimit=.8\normallineskiplimit
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132 \normalbaselines\rm %make definitions take effect
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133
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134 \if 2\ncolumns
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135 \let\maxcolumn=b
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136 \footline{\hss\rm\folio\hss}
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137 \def\makefootline{\vskip 2in \hsize=6.86in\line{\the\footline}}
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138 \else \if 3\ncolumns
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139 \let\maxcolumn=c
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140 \nopagenumbers
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141 \else
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142 \errhelp{You must set \columnsperpage equal to 1, 2, or 3.}
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143 \errmessage{Illegal number of columns per page}
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144 \fi\fi
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145
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146 \intercolumnskip=.46in
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147 \def\abc{a}
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148 \output={% %see The TeXbook page 257
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149 % This next line is useful when designing the layout.
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150 %\immediate\write16{Column \folio\abc\space starts with \firstmark}
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151 \if \maxcolumn\abc \multicolumnformat \global\def\abc{a}
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152 \else\if a\abc
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153 \global\setbox\columna\columnbox \global\def\abc{b}
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154 %% in case we never use \columnb (two-column mode)
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155 \global\setbox\columnb\hbox to -\intercolumnskip{}
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156 \else
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157 \global\setbox\columnb\columnbox \global\def\abc{c}\fi\fi}
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158 \def\multicolumnformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline
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159 \hbox{\box\columna\hskip\intercolumnskip
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160 \box\columnb\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox}
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161 \makefootline}\advancepageno}
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162 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
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163
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164 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject
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165 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
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166 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
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167 \end}
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168 \fi
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169
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170 % we won't be using math mode much, so redefine some of the characters
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171 % we might want to talk about
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172 \catcode`\^=12
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173 \catcode`\_=12
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174
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175 \chardef\\=`\\
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176 \chardef\{=`\{
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177 \chardef\}=`\}
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178
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179 \hyphenation{mini-buf-fer}
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180
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181 \parindent 0pt
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182 \parskip 1ex plus .5ex minus .5ex
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183
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184 \def\small{\smallfont\textfont2=\smallsy\baselineskip=.8\baselineskip}
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185
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186 % newcolumn - force a new column. Use sparingly, probably only for
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187 % the first column of a page, which should have a title anyway.
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188 \outer\def\newcolumn{\vfill\eject}
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189
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190 % title - page title. Argument is title text.
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191 \outer\def\title#1{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus .5ex}
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192
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193 % section - new major section. Argument is section name.
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194 \outer\def\section#1{\par\filbreak
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195 \vskip 3ex plus 2ex minus 2ex {\headingfont #1}\mark{#1}%
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196 \vskip 2ex plus 1ex minus 1.5ex}
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197
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198 \newdimen\keyindent
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199
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200 % beginindentedkeys...endindentedkeys - key definitions will be
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201 % indented, but running text, typically used as headings to group
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202 % definitions, will not.
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203 \def\beginindentedkeys{\keyindent=1em}
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204 \def\endindentedkeys{\keyindent=0em}
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205 \endindentedkeys
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206
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207 % paralign - begin paragraph containing an alignment.
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208 % If an \halign is entered while in vertical mode, a parskip is never
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209 % inserted. Using \paralign instead of \halign solves this problem.
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210 \def\paralign{\vskip\parskip\halign}
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211
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212 % \<...> - surrounds a variable name in a code example
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213 \def\<#1>{{\it #1\/}}
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214
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215 % kbd - argument is characters typed literally. Like the Texinfo command.
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216 \def\kbd#1{{\tt#1}\null} %\null so not an abbrev even if period follows
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217
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218 % beginexample...endexample - surrounds literal text, such a code example.
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219 % typeset in a typewriter font with line breaks preserved
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220 \def\beginexample{\par\leavevmode\begingroup
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221 \obeylines\obeyspaces\parskip0pt\tt\tolerance=10000}
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222 {\obeyspaces\global\let =\ }
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223 \def\endexample{\endgroup}
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224
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225 % key - definition of a key.
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226 % \key{description of key}{key-name}
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227 % prints the description left-justified, and the key-name in a \kbd
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228 % form near the right margin.
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229 \def\key#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\vbox
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230 {\hsize=.75\hsize\rightskip=1em \tolerance=20000
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231 \raggedright
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232 \hskip\keyindent\hangindent=1em\strut#1\strut}\kbd{\quad#2}\hss}}
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233
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234 \newbox\metaxbox
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235 \setbox\metaxbox\hbox{\kbd{M-x }}
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236 \newdimen\metaxwidth
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237 \metaxwidth=\wd\metaxbox
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238
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239 % metax - definition of a M-x command.
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240 % \metax{description of command}{M-x command-name}
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241 % Tries to justify the beginning of the command name at the same place
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242 % as \key starts the key name. (The "M-x " sticks out to the left.)
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243 \def\metax#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\vbox
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244 {\hsize=.74\hsize\rightskip=1em
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245 \raggedright \tolerance=20000
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246 \hskip\keyindent\hangindent=1em\strut#1\strut\par}%
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247 %\hskip-\metaxwidth minus 1fil
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248 \kbd{#2}\hss}}
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249
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250 % threecol - like "key" but with two key names.
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251 % for example, one for doing the action backward, and one for forward.
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252 \def\threecol#1#2#3{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\hfil\quad
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253 &\kbd{#3}\hfil\quad\cr}
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254
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255 %**end of header
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256
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257
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258 \title{Carte de r\'ef\'erence de GNU Emacs}
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259
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260 \centerline{(pour la version 21)}
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261
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262 \section{Lancement d'Emacs}
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263
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264 Pour lancer GNU Emacs 21, il suffit de taper son nom : \kbd{emacs}
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265
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266 Pour charger un fichier \`a \'editer, voir Fichiers, ci-dessous.
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267
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268 \section{Quitter Emacs}
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269
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270 \key{suspend Emacs (ou l'iconifie sous X)}{C-z}
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271 \key{quitter d\'efinitivement Emacs}{C-x C-c}
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272
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273 \section{Fichiers}
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274
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275 \key{{\bf lire} un fichier dans Emacs}{C-x C-f}
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276 \key{{\bf sauvegarder} un fichier sur disque}{C-x C-s}
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277 \key{sauvegarder {\bf tous} les fichiers}{C-x s}
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278 \key{{\bf ins\'erer} le contenu d'un autre fichier dans ce tampon}{C-x i}
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279 \key{remplacer ce fichier par le fichier voulu}{C-x C-v}
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280 \key{\'ecrire le tampon dans un fichier donn\'e}{C-x C-w}
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281 \key{contr\^ole de version}{C-x C-q}
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282
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283 \section{Obtenir de l'aide}
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284
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285 Le syst\`eme d'aide est simple. Faites \kbd{C-h} (ou \kbd{F1}) et suivez
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286 les instructions. Si vous d\'ebutez, faites \kbd{C-h t} pour suivre un
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287 {\bf didacticiel}.
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288
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289 \key{supprimer la fen\^etre d'aide}{C-x 1}
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290 \key{faire d\'efiler la fen\^etre d'aide}{C-M-v}
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291
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292 \key{apropos : montrer les commandes contenant une certaine cha\^\i{}ne}{C-h a}
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293 \key{montrer la fonction lanc\'ee par une touche}{C-h c}
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294 \key{d\'ecrire une fonction}{C-h f}
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295 \key{obtenir des informations sp\'ecifiques au mode}{C-h m}
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296
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297 \section{R\'ecup\'eration des erreurs}
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298
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299 \key{{\bf avorter} une commande partiellement tap\'ee ou ex\'ecut\'ee}{C-g}
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300 \metax{{\bf r\'ecup\'erer} un fichier perdu par un crash du syst\`eme}{M-x recover-file}
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301 \key{{\bf annuler} une modification non souhait\'ee}{C-x u {\rm ou} C-_}
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302 \metax{restaurer un tampon avec son contenu initial}{M-x revert-buffer}
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303 \key{r\'eafficher un \'ecran perturb\'e}{C-l}
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304
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305 \section{Recherche incr\'ementale}
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306
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307 \key{rechercher vers l'avant}{C-s}
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308 \key{rechercher vers l'arri\`ere}{C-r}
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309 \key{rechercher vers l'avant par expression rationnelle}{C-M-s}
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310 \key{rechercher vers l'arri\`ere par expression rationnelle}{C-M-r}
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311
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312 \key{s\'electionner la cha\^\i{}ne de recherche pr\'ec\'edente}{M-p}
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313 \key{s\'electionner la cha\^\i{}ne de recherche suivante}{M-n}
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314 \key{sortir de la recherche incr\'ementale}{RET}
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315 \key{annuler l'effet du dernier caract\`ere}{DEL}
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316 \key{annuler la recherche en cours}{C-g}
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317
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318 Refaites \kbd{C-s} ou \kbd{C-r} pour r\'ep\'eter la recherche dans une
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319 direction quelconque.
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320 Si Emacs est encore en train de chercher, \kbd{C-g} n'annule que ce
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321 qui n'a pas \'et\'e fait.
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322
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323 \shortcopyrightnotice
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324
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325 \section{D\'eplacements}
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326
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327 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr
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328 \threecol{{\bf entit\'e sur laquelle se d\'eplacer}}{{\bf en arri\`ere}}{{\bf en avant}}
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329 \threecol{caract\`ere}{C-b}{C-f}
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330 \threecol{mot}{M-b}{M-f}
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331 \threecol{ligne}{C-p}{C-n}
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332 \threecol{aller au d\'ebut (ou \`a la fin) de la ligne}{C-a}{C-e}
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333 \threecol{phrase}{M-a}{M-e}
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334 \threecol{paragraphe}{M-\{}{M-\}}
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335 \threecol{page}{C-x [}{C-x ]}
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336 \threecol{s-expression}{C-M-b}{C-M-f}
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337 \threecol{fonction}{C-M-a}{C-M-e}
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338 \threecol{aller au d\'ebut (ou \`a la fin) du tampon}{M-<}{M->}
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339 }
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340
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341 \key{passer \`a l'\'ecran suivant}{C-v}
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342 \key{passer \`a l'\'ecran pr\'ec\'edent}{M-v}
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343 \key{d\'efiler l'\'ecran vers la droite}{C-x <}
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344 \key{d\'efiler l'\'ecran vers la gauche}{C-x >}
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345 \key{placer la ligne courante au centre de l'\'ecran}{C-u C-l}
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346
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347 \section{D\'etruire et supprimer}
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348
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349 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr
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350 \threecol{{\bf entit\'e \`a supprimer}}{{\bf en arri\`ere}}{{\bf en avant}}
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351 \threecol{caract\`ere (suppression, pas destruction)}{DEL}{C-d}
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352 \threecol{mot}{M-DEL}{M-d}
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353 \threecol{ligne (jusqu'\`a la fin)}{M-0 C-k}{C-k}
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354 \threecol{phrase}{C-x DEL}{M-k}
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355 \threecol{s-expression}{M-- C-M-k}{C-M-k}
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356 }
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357
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358 \key{d\'etruire une {\bf r\'egion}}{C-w}
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359 \key{copier une r\'egion dans le kill ring}{M-w}
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360 \key{d\'etruire jusqu'\`a l'occurrence suivante de {\it car}}{M-z {\it car}}
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361
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362 \key{r\'ecup\'erer la derni\`ere chose d\'etruite}{C-y}
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363 \key{remplacer la derni\`ere r\'ecup\'eration par ce qui a \'et\'e d\'etruit avant}{M-y}
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364
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365 \section{Marquer}
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366
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367 \key{placer la marque ici}{C-@ {\rm ou} C-SPC}
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368 \key{\'echanger le point et la marque}{C-x C-x}
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369
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370 \key{placer la marque {\it arg\/} {\bf mots} plus loin}{M-@}
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371 \key{marquer le {\bf paragraphe}}{M-h}
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372 \key{marquer la {\bf page}}{C-x C-p}
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373 \key{marquer la {\bf s-expression}}{C-M-@}
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374 \key{marquer la {\bf fonction}}{C-M-h}
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375 \key{marquer tout le {\bf tampon}}{C-x h}
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376
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377 \section{Remplacement interactif}
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378
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379 \key{remplacer interactivement une cha\^\i{}ne de texte}{M-\%}
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380 \metax{en utilisant les expressions rationnelles}{M-x query-replace-regexp}
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381
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382 Les r\'eponses admises dans le mode de remplacement interactif sont :
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383
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384 \key{{\bf remplacer} celle-l\`a, passer \`a la suivante}{SPC}
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385 \key{remplacer celle-l\`a, rester l\`a}{,}
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386 \key{{\bf passer} \`a la suivante sans remplacer}{DEL}
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387 \key{remplacer toutes les correspondances suivantes}{!}
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388 \key{{\bf revenir} \`a la correspondance pr\'ec\'edente}{^}
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389 \key{{\bf sortir} du remplacement interactif}{RET}
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390 \key{entrer dans l'\'edition r\'ecursive (\kbd{C-M-c} pour sortir)}{C-r}
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391
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392 \section{Fen\^etres multiples}
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393
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394 Lorsqu'il y a deux commandes, la seconde est pour l'"autre cadre".
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395
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396 \key{supprimer toutes les autres fen\^etres}{C-x 1}
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397
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398 {\setbox0=\hbox{\kbd{0}}\advance\hsize by 0\wd0
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399 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr
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400 \threecol{diviser la fen\^etre horizontalement}{C-x 2\ \ \ \ }{C-x 5 2}
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401 \threecol{supprimer cette fen\^etre}{C-x 0\ \ \ \ }{C-x 5 0}
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402 }}
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403 \key{diviser la fen\^etre verticalement}{C-x 3}
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404
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405 \key{faire d\'efiler l'autre fen\^etre}{C-M-v}
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406
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407 {\setbox0=\hbox{\kbd{0}}\advance\hsize by 2\wd0
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408 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr
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409 \threecol{placer le curseur dans une autre fen\^etre}{C-x o}{C-x 5 o}
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410
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411 \threecol{s\'electionner le tampon dans l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 b}{C-x 5 b}
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412 \threecol{afficher le tampon dans l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 C-o}{C-x 5 C-o}
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413 \threecol{charger un fichier dans l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 f}{C-x 5 f}
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414 \threecol{charger un fichier en lecture seule dans l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 r}{C-x 5 r}
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415 \threecol{lancer Dired dans l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 d}{C-x 5 d}
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416 \threecol{trouver un tag dans l'autre fen\^etre}{C-x 4 .}{C-x 5 .}
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417 }}
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418
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419 \key{agrandir la fen\^etre}{C-x ^}
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420 \key{rapetisser la fen\^etre}{C-x \{}
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421 \key{\'elargir la fen\^etre}{C-x \}}
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422
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423 \section{Formater}
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424
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425 \key{indenter la {\bf ligne} courante (d\'epend du mode)}{TAB}
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426 \key{indenter la {\bf r\'egion} courante (d\'epend du mode)}{C-M-\\}
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427 \key{indenter la {\bf s-expression} courante (d\'epend du mode)}{C-M-q}
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428 \key{indenter la r\'egion sur {\it arg\/} colonnes}{C-x TAB}
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429
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430 \key{ins\'erer un newline apr\`es le point}{C-o}
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431 \key{d\'eplacer le reste de la ligne vers le bas}{C-M-o}
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432 \key{supprimer les lignes blanches autour du point}{C-x C-o}
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433 \key{joindre la ligne \`a la pr\'ec\'edente (\`a la suivante avec arg)}{M-^}
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434 \key{supprimer tous les espaces autour du point}{M-\\}
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435 \key{mettre exactement un espace \`a l'emplacement du point}{M-SPC}
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436
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437 \key{remplir le paragraphe}{M-q}
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diff changeset
438 \key{placer la marge droite}{C-x f}
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diff changeset
439 \key{d\'efinir le pr\'efixe par lequel commencera chaque ligne}{C-x .}
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440
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parents:
diff changeset
441 \key{d\'efinir la fonte}{M-g}
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parents:
diff changeset
442
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parents:
diff changeset
443 \section{Modifier la casse}
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diff changeset
444
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parents:
diff changeset
445 \key{mettre le mot en majuscules}{M-u}
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parents:
diff changeset
446 \key{mettre le mot en minuscules}{M-l}
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parents:
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447 \key{mettre le mot en capitales}{M-c}
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parents:
diff changeset
448
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diff changeset
449 \key{mettre la r\'egion en majuscules}{C-x C-u}
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parents:
diff changeset
450 \key{mettre la r\'egion en minuscules}{C-x C-l}
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parents:
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451
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diff changeset
452 \section{Le mini-tampon}
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453
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454 Les touches suivantes sont utilisables dans le mini-tampon :
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455
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parents:
diff changeset
456 \key{compl\'eter autant que possible}{TAB}
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parents:
diff changeset
457 \key{compl\'eter un mot}{SPC}
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parents: 52401
diff changeset
458 \key{compl\'eter et ex\'ecuter}{RET}
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parents:
diff changeset
459 \key{montrer les compl\'etions possibles}{?}
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parents:
diff changeset
460 \key{rechercher l'entr\'ee pr\'ec\'edente du mini-tampon}{M-p}
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parents:
diff changeset
461 \key{rechercher l'entr\'ee suivante du mini-tampon ou le d\'efaut}{M-n}
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parents: 52401
diff changeset
462 \key{rechercher \`a rebours par expr. rationnelle dans l'historique}{M-r}
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parents:
diff changeset
463 \key{rechercher vers l'avant par expr. rationnelle dans l'historique}{M-s}
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parents:
diff changeset
464 \key{annuler la commande}{C-g}
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parents:
diff changeset
465
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466 Faites \kbd{C-x ESC ESC} pour \'editer et r\'ep\'eter la derni\`ere commande
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467 ayant utilis\'e le minitampon. Faites \kbd{F10} pour activer la barre de
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parents:
diff changeset
468 menu utilisant le minitampon.
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diff changeset
469
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diff changeset
470 \newcolumn
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471 \title{Carte de r\'ef\'erence de GNU Emacs}
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472
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diff changeset
473 \section{Tampons}
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parents:
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474
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parents:
diff changeset
475 \key{s\'electionner un autre tampon}{C-x b}
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parents:
diff changeset
476 \key{\'enum\'erer tous les tampons}{C-x C-b}
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parents:
diff changeset
477 \key{supprimer un tampon}{C-x k}
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parents:
diff changeset
478
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parents:
diff changeset
479 \section{Transposer}
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parents:
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480
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parents:
diff changeset
481 \key{transposer des {\bf caract\`eres}}{C-t}
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parents:
diff changeset
482 \key{transposer des {\bf mots}}{M-t}
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parents:
diff changeset
483 \key{transposer des {\bf lignes}}{C-x C-t}
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parents:
diff changeset
484 \key{transposer des {\bf s-expressions}}{C-M-t}
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parents:
diff changeset
485
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parents:
diff changeset
486 \section{V\'erifier l'orthographe}
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diff changeset
487
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parents:
diff changeset
488 \key{v\'erifier l'orthographe du mot courant}{M-\$}
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parents:
diff changeset
489 \metax{v\'erifier l'orthographe de tous les mots d'une r\'egion}{M-x ispell-region}
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diff changeset
490 \metax{v\'erifier l'orthographe de tout le tampon}{M-x ispell-buffer}
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parents:
diff changeset
491
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diff changeset
492 \section{Tags}
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parents:
diff changeset
493
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parents:
diff changeset
494 \key{trouver un tag (une d\'efinition)}{M-.}
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parents:
diff changeset
495 \key{trouver l'occurrence suivante du tag}{C-u M-.}
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parents:
diff changeset
496 \metax{sp\'ecifier un nouveau fichier de tags}{M-x visit-tags-table}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
497
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parents:
diff changeset
498 \metax{rechercher par expr. rationnelles dans tous les fichiers du
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parents:
diff changeset
499 tableau de tags}{M-x tags-search}
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parents:
diff changeset
500 \metax{lancer un remplacement interactif sur tous les fichiers}{M-x tags-query-replace}
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parents:
diff changeset
501 \key{continuer la derni\`ere recherche de tags ou le remplacement interactif}{M-,}
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parents:
diff changeset
502
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diff changeset
503 \section{Shells}
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diff changeset
504
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parents:
diff changeset
505 \key{ex\'ecuter une commande shell}{M-!}
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parents:
diff changeset
506 \key{lancer une commande shell sur la r\'egion}{M-|}
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parents:
diff changeset
507 \key{filtrer la r\'egion avec une commande shell}{C-u M-|}
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diff changeset
508 \key{lancer un shell dans la fen\^etre \kbd{*shell*}}{M-x shell}
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diff changeset
509
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diff changeset
510 \section{Rectangles}
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parents:
diff changeset
511
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parents:
diff changeset
512 \key{copier le rectangle dans le registre}{C-x r r}
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parents:
diff changeset
513 \key{d\'etruire le rectangle}{C-x r k}
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parents:
diff changeset
514 \key{r\'ecup\'erer le rectangle}{C-x r y}
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
515 \key{ouvrir le rectangle, en d\'ecalant le texte \`a droite}{C-x r o}
34923
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diff changeset
516 \key{vider le rectangle}{C-x r c}
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diff changeset
517 \key{pr\'efixer chaque ligne avec une cha\^\i{}ne}{C-x r t}
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diff changeset
518
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diff changeset
519 \section{Abr\'eviations}
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parents:
diff changeset
520
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parents:
diff changeset
521 \key{ajouter une abr\'eviation globale}{C-x a g}
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parents:
diff changeset
522 \key{ajouter une abr\'eviation locale au mode}{C-x a l}
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parents:
diff changeset
523 \key{ajouter une expansion globale pour cette abr\'eviation}{C-x a i g}
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parents:
diff changeset
524 \key{ajouter une expansion locale au mode pour cette abr\'eviation}{C-x a i l}
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parents:
diff changeset
525 \key{faire une expansion explicite de cette abr\'eviation}{C-x a e}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
526
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parents:
diff changeset
527 \key{faire une expansion dynamique du mot pr\'ec\'edent}{M-/}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
528
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parents:
diff changeset
529 \section{Expressions rationnelles}
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parents:
diff changeset
530
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parents:
diff changeset
531 \key{un unique caract\`ere quelconque, sauf une fin de ligne}{. {\rm(point)}}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
532 \key{z\'ero r\'ep\'etition ou plus}{*}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
533 \key{une r\'ep\'etition ou plus}{+}
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parents:
diff changeset
534 \key{z\'ero ou une r\'ep\'etition}{?}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
535 \key{caract\`ere sp\'ecial pour quoter l'expression rationnelle {\it c\/}}{\\{\it c}}
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parents:
diff changeset
536 \key{alternative (``ou'')}{\\|}
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parents:
diff changeset
537 \key{regroupement}{\\( {\rm$\ldots$} \\)}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
538 \key{le m\^eme texte que dans le {\it n\/}i\`eme groupe}{\\{\it n}}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
539 \key{limite de mot}{\\b}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
540 \key{non limite de mot}{\\B}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
541
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parents:
diff changeset
542 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
543 \threecol{{\bf entit\'e}}{{\bf d\'ebut}}{{\bf fin}}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
544 \threecol{ligne}{^}{\$}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
545 \threecol{mot}{\\<}{\\>}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
546 \threecol{tampon}{\\`}{\\'}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
547
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
548 \threecol{{\bf classe de caract\`ere}}{{\bf correspond}}{{\bf correspond
58866
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
549 \`a d'autres}}
34923
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diff changeset
550 \threecol{ensemble explicite}{[ {\rm$\ldots$} ]}{[^ {\rm$\ldots$} ]}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
551 \threecol{caract\`ere de mot}{\\w}{\\W}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
552 \threecol{caract\`ere avec la syntaxe {\it c}}{\\s{\it c}}{\\S{\it c}}
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diff changeset
553 }
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diff changeset
554
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parents:
diff changeset
555 \section{Jeux de caract\`eres internationaux}
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parents:
diff changeset
556
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parents:
diff changeset
557 \metax{indiquer la langue principale}{M-x set-language-environment}
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parents:
diff changeset
558 \metax{montrer toutes les m\'ethodes de saisie}{M-x list-input-methods}
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parents:
diff changeset
559 \key{activer ou d\'esactiver la m\'ethode de saisie}{C-\\}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
560 \key{choisir le syst\`eme de codage pour la commande suivante}{C-x RET c}
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parents:
diff changeset
561 \metax{montrer tous les syst\`emes de codage}{M-x list-coding-systems}
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parents:
diff changeset
562 \metax{choisir le syst\`eme de codage pr\'ef\'er\'e}{M-x prefer-coding-system}
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parents:
diff changeset
563
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parents:
diff changeset
564 \section{Info}
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parents:
diff changeset
565
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parents:
diff changeset
566 \key{entrer dans le visualisateur de la documentation Info}{C-h i}
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parents:
diff changeset
567 \key{chercher une fonction ou une variable pr\'ecise dans Info}{C-h C-i}
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parents:
diff changeset
568 \beginindentedkeys
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parents:
diff changeset
569
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parents:
diff changeset
570 Se d\'eplacer dans un n\oe{}ud :
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parents:
diff changeset
571
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
572 \key{une page plus bas}{SPC}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
573 \key{une page plus haut}{DEL}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
574 \key{d\'ebut du n\oe{}ud}{. {\rm (point)}}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
575
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
576 Passer de n\oe{}ud en n\oe{}ud :
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
577
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
578 \key{n\oe{}ud {\bf suivant}}{n}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
579 \key{n\oe{}ud {\bf pr\'ec\'edent}}{p}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
580 \key{aller {\bf plus haut}}{u}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
581 \key{choisir un sujet de menu par son nom}{m}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
582 \key{choisir le {\it n\/}i\`eme sujet de menu par son num\'ero (1--9)}{{\it n}}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
583 \key{suivre une r\'ef\'erence crois\'ee (on revient avec \kbd{l})}{f}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
584 \key{revenir au dernier n\oe{}ud visit\'e}{l}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
585 \key{revenir au n\oe{}ud du r\'epertoire}{d}
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Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
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586 \key{aller sur n'importe quel n\oe{}ud par son nom}{g}
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587
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588 Autres :
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589
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590 \key{lancer le {\bf didacticiel} Info}{h}
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591 \key{{\bf quitter} Info}{q}
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592 \key{rechercher les n\oe{}uds avec une expression rationnelle}{M-s}
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593
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594 \endindentedkeys
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595
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596 \section{Registres}
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597
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598 \key{sauver la r\'egion dans un registre}{C-x r s}
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599 \key{ins\'erer le contenu du registre dans le tampon}{C-x r i}
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600
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601 \key{sauver la valeur du point dans un registre}{C-x r SPC}
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602 \key{sauter au point sauv\'e dans le registre}{C-x r j}
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603
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604 \section{Macros clavier}
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605
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606 \key{{\bf lancer} la d\'efinition d'une macro clavier}{C-x (}
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607 \key{{\bf terminer} la d\'efinition d'une macro clavier}{C-x )}
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608 \key{{\bf ex\'ecuter} la derni\`ere macro clavier d\'efinie}{C-x e}
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
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609 \key{ajouter \`a la derni\`ere macro clavier}{C-u C-x (}
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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610 \metax{donner un nom \`a la derni\`ere macro clavier}{M-x name-last-kbd-macro}
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611 \metax{ins\'erer une d\'efinition Lisp dans le tampon}{M-x insert-kbd-macro}
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612
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613 \section{Commandes de gestion d'Emacs Lisp}
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614
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615 \key{\'evaluer la {\bf s-expression} situ\'ee avant le point}{C-x C-e}
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616 \key{\'evaluer la {\bf defun} courante}{C-M-x}
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617 \metax{\'evaluer la {\bf r\'egion}}{M-x eval-region}
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618 \key{lire et \'evaluer le mini-tampon}{M-:}
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619 \metax{charger \`a partir du r\'epertoire syst\`eme standard}{M-x load-library}
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620
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621 \section{Personnalisation simple}
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622
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623 \metax{personnaliser les variables et les fontes}{M-x customize}
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624
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625 % The intended audience here is the person who wants to make simple
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626 % customizations and knows Lisp syntax.
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627
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628 Cr\'eation de liaisons de touches globales en Emacs Lisp (exemples):
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629
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630 \beginexample%
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631 (global-set-key "\\C-cg" 'goto-line)
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632 (global-set-key "\\M-\#" 'query-replace-regexp)
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633 \endexample
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634
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635 \section{\'Ecriture de commandes}
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636
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637 \beginexample%
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638 (defun \<nom-commande> (\<args>)
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639 "\<documentation>" (interactive "\<template>")
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640 \<body>)
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641 \endexample
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642
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643 Exemple :
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644
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645 \beginexample%
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646 (defun cette-ligne-en-haut-de-la-fenetre (line)
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647 "Repositionne la ligne du point en haut de la fenetre.
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648 Avec ARG, place le point sur la ligne ARG."
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649 (interactive "P")
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650 (recenter (if (null line)
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651 0
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652 (prefix-numeric-value line))))
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653 \endexample
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654
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655 La sp\'ecification \kbd{interactive} indique comment lire
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656 interactivement les param\`etres. Faites \kbd{C-h f interactive} pour
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657 plus de pr\'ecisions.
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658
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659 \copyrightnotice
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660
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661 \bye
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662
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663 % Local variables:
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664 % compile-command: "tex fr-refcard"
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665 % End:
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666
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Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 49600
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667 % arch-tag: 39d6dc6e-1a4a-4071-84db-4719d4e9e40d