annotate man/faq.texi @ 25474:e87d80337a64

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author Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
date Wed, 01 Sep 1999 11:06:25 +0000
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children b776520fb36d
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1 \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
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2 @c %**start of header
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3 @setfilename faq.info
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4 @settitle GNU Emacs FAQ
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5 @c %**end of header
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6
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7 @setchapternewpage odd
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8
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9 @c The @ifinfo stuff only appears in the Info version
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10 @ifinfo
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11 Copyright 1994-1999 Reuven M. Lerner@*
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12 Copyright 1992-1993 Steven Byrnes@*
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13 Copyright 1990-1992 Joseph Brian Wells@*
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14
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15 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers
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16 ("FAQ") may be translated into other languages, transformed into other
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17 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information.
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18
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19 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ
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20 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved
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21 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to
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22 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the
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23 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information).
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24
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25 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that
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26 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work
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27 itself allows free copying and redistribution.
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28 @end ifinfo
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29
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30 @c The @titlepage stuff only appears in the printed version
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31 @titlepage
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32 @sp 10
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33 @center @titlefont{GNU Emacs FAQ}
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34
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35 @c The following two commands start the copyright page.
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36 @page
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37 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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38 Copyright @copyright{} 1994-1999 Reuven M. Lerner@*
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39 Copyright @copyright{} 1992-1993 Steven Byrnes@*
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40 Copyright @copyright{} 1990-1992 Joseph Brian Wells@*
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41
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42 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers
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43 ("FAQ") may be translated into other languages, transformed into other
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44 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information.
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45
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46 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ
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47 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved
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48 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to
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49 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the
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50 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information).
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51
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52 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that
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53 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work
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54 itself allows free copying and redistribution.
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55 @end titlepage
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56
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57 @node Top, FAQ notation, (dir), (dir)
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58
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59 This is the GNU Emacs FAQ, last updated on @today{}.
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60
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61 The FAQ is slowly but surely being turned into a Texinfo document,
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62 allowing us to create HTML, Info, and TeX documents from a single source
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63 file. Please bear with us as we improve on this format. If you have
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64 any suggestions or questions, please contact
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65 @email{emacs-faq@@lerner.co.il, the FAQ maintainers}.
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66
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67 @menu
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68 * FAQ notation::
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69 * General questions::
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70 * Getting help::
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71 * Status of Emacs::
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72 * Common requests::
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73 * Bugs and problems::
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74 * Compiling and installing Emacs::
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75 * Finding Emacs and related packages::
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76 * Major packages and programs::
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77 * Key bindings::
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78 * Alternate character sets::
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79 * Mail and news::
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80 * Concept index::
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81 @end menu
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82
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83 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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84 @node FAQ notation, General questions, Top, Top
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85 @chapter FAQ notation
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86 @cindex FAQ notation
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87
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88 This section describes notation used in the GNU Emacs FAQ, as well as in
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89 the Emacs documentation. Consult this section if this is the first time
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90 you are reading the FAQ, or if you are confused by notation or terms
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91 used in the FAQ.
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92
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93 @menu
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94 * Basic keys::
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95 * Extended commands::
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96 * On-line manual::
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97 * Filename conventions::
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98 * Common acronyms::
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99 @end menu
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100
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101 @node Basic keys, Extended commands, FAQ notation, FAQ notation
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102 @section What do these mean: @kbd{C-h}, @kbd{M-C-a}, @key{RET}, @kbd{@key{ESC} a}, etc.?
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103 @cindex Basic keys
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104 @cindex Control key, notation for
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105 @cindex @key{Meta} key, notation for
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106 @cindex Control-meta characters, notation for
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107 @cindex @kbd{C-h}, definition of
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108 @cindex @kbd{M-C-h}, definition of
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109 @cindex @key{DEL}, definition of
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110 @cindex @key{ESC}, definition of
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111 @cindex @key{LFD}, definition of
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112 @cindex @key{RET}, definition of
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113 @cindex @key{SPC}, definition of
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114 @cindex @key{TAB}, definition of
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115
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116 @itemize @bullet
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117
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118 @item
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119 @kbd{C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Control} key
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120
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121 @item
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122 @kbd{M-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Meta} key
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123 (if your computer doesn't have a @key{Meta} key, see @xref{No Meta key})
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124
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125 @item
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126 @kbd{M-C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down both @key{Control}
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127 and @key{Meta}
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128
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129 @item
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130 @kbd{C-M-x}: a synonym for the above
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131
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132 @item
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133 @key{LFD}: Linefeed or Newline; same as @kbd{C-j}
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134
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135 @item
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136 @key{RET}: @key{Return}, sometimes marked @key{Enter}; same as @kbd{C-m}
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137
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138 @item
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139 @key{DEL}: @key{Delete}, usually not the same as @key{Backspace}; same
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140 as @kbd{C-?} (@xref{Backspace invokes help} if deleting invokes Emacs help)
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141
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142 @item
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143 @key{ESC}: Escape; same as @kbd{C-[}
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144
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145 @item
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146 @key{TAB}: Tab; same as @kbd{C-i}
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147
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148 @item
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149 @key{SPC}: Space bar
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150
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151 @end itemize
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152
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153 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are
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154 inside double quotes or on lines by themselves. Any real spaces in such
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155 a key sequence should be ignored; only @key{SPC} really means press the
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156 space key.
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157
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158 The ASCII code sent by @kbd{C-x} (except for @kbd{C-?}) is the value
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159 that would be sent by pressing just @key{x} minus 96 (or 64 for
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160 uppercase @key{X}) and will be from 0 to 31. The ASCII code sent by
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161 @kbd{M-x} is the sum of 128 and the ASCII code that would be sent by
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162 pressing just @key{x}. Essentially, @key{Control} turns off bits 5 and
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163 6 and @key{Meta} turns on bit 7.
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164
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165 @kbd{C-?} (aka @key{DEL}) is ASCII code 127. It is a misnomer to call
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166 @kbd{C-?} a "control" key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON.
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167 Also, on very few keyboards does @kbd{C-?} generate ASCII code 127.
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168
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169 @inforef{Characters, Characters, emacs} and @inforef{Keys, Keys, emacs}
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170 for more information. (@xref{On-line manual} for more information about
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171 Info.)
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172
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173 @node Extended commands, On-line manual, Basic keys, FAQ notation
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174 @section What does @file{M-x @var{command}} mean?
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175 @cindex Extended commands
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176 @cindex Commands, extended
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177 @cindex M-x, meaning of
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178
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179 @kbd{M-x @var{command}} means type @kbd{M-x}, then type the name of the
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180 command, then type @key{RET}. (@xref{Basic keys} if you're not sure
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181 what @kbd{M-x} and @key{RET} mean.)
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182
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183 @kbd{M-x} (by default) invokes the command
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184 @code{execute-extended-command}. This command allows you to run any
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185 Emacs command if you can remember the command's name. If you can't
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186 remember the command's name, you can type @key{TAB} and @key{SPC} for
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187 completion, @key{?} for a list of possibilities, and @kbd{M-p} and
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188 @kbd{M-n} to see previous commands entered. An Emacs "command" is any
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189 "interactive" Emacs function.
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190
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191 Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to invoke
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192 @code{execute-extended-command}. A function key labeled @kbd{Do} is a
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193 good candidate for this.
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194
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195 To run non-interactive Emacs functions, @pxref{Evaluating Emacs Lisp code}.
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196
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197 @node On-line manual, Filename conventions, Extended commands, FAQ notation
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198 @section How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
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199 @cindex On-line manual, reading topics in
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200 @cindex Reading topics in the on-line manual
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201 @cindex Finding topics in the on-line manual
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202 @cindex Info, finding topics in
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203
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204 When we refer you to topic XXX in the on-line manual, you can read this
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205 manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by typing @kbd{C-h
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206 i m emacs @key{RET} m XXX @key{RET}}.
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207
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208 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't
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209 already know how to use Info, type @key{?} from within Info.
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210
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211 If we refer to topic XXX:YYY, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs @key{RET} m XXX
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212 @key{RET} m YYY @key{RET}}.
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213
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214 Your system administrator may not have installed the Info files, or may
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215 have installed them improperly. In this case you should complain.
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216
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217 @xref{Getting a printed manual} if you would like a paper copy of the
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218 Emacs manual.
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219
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220 @node Filename conventions, Common acronyms, On-line manual, FAQ notation
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221 @section What are @file{etc/SERVICE}, @file{src/config.h}, and @file{lisp/default.el}?
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222 @cindex Filename conventions
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223 @cindex Conventions for filenames
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224 @cindex Directories and files that come with Emacs
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225
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226 These are files that come with Emacs. The Emacs distribution is divided
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227 into subdirectories; the important ones are @file{etc}, @file{lisp}, and
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228 @file{src}.
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229
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230 If you use Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, start
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231 Emacs, then type @kbd{C-h v data-directory @key{RET}}. The directory
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232 name displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed
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233 @file{etc} directory.
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234
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235 The location of your Info directory (i.e., where on-line documentation
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236 is stored) is kept in the variable @code{Info-default-directory-list}. Use
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237 @kbd{C-h v Info-default-directory-list @key{RET}} to see the contents of
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238 this variable, which will be a list of directory names. The last
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239 directory in that list is probably where most Info files are stored. By
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240 default, Info documentation is placed in @file{/usr/local/info}.
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241
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242 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail;
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243 @pxref{Informational files for Emacs}. All are available in the source
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244 distribution. Many of the files in the @file{etc} directory are also
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245 available via the Emacs "help" menu, or by typing @kbd{C-h ?} (@kbd{M-x
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246 help-for-help}).
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247
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248 Your system administrator may have removed the @file{src} directory and
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249 many files from the @file{etc} directory.
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250
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251 @node Common acronyms, , Filename conventions, FAQ notation
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252 @section What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
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253 @cindex FSF, definition of
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254 @cindex LPF, definition of
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255 @cindex OSF, definition of
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256 @cindex GNU, definition of
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257 @cindex RMS, definition of
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258 @cindex Stallman, Richard, acronym for
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259 @cindex Richard Stallman, acronym for
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260 @cindex FTP, definition of
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261 @cindex GPL, definition of
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262 @cindex Acronyms, definitions for
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263 @cindex Common acronyms, definitions for
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264
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265 @table @asis
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266
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267 @item FSF
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268 Free Software Foundation
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269
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270 @item LPF
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271 League for Programming Freedom
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272
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273 @item OSF
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274 Open Software Foundation
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275
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276 @item GNU
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277 GNU's Not Unix
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278
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279 @item RMS
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280 Richard Matthew Stallman
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281
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282 @item FTP
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283 File Transfer Protocol
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284
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285 @item GPL
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286 GNU General Public License
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287
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288 @end table
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289
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290 Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes
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291 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make
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292 high quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a
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293 consortium of computer vendors which develops commercial software for
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294 Unix systems.
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295
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296 The word "free" in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers to
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297 "freedom," not "zero dollars." Anyone can charge any price for
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298 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the
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299 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always
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300 get the software for less money from someone else, because everyone has
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301 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software.
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302
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303 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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304 @node General questions, Getting help, FAQ notation, Top
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305 @chapter General questions
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306 @cindex General questions
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307
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308 This section contains general questions having to do with Emacs, the
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309 Free Software Foundation, and related organizations.
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310
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311 @menu
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312 * The LPF::
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313 * Real meaning of copyleft::
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314 * Guidelines for newsgroup postings::
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315 * Newsgroup archives::
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316 * Reporting bugs::
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317 * Unsubscribing from Emacs lists::
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318 * Contacting the FSF::
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319 @end menu
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320
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321 @node The LPF, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions, General questions
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322 @section What is the LPF?
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323 @cindex LPF, description of
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324 @cindex League for Programming Freedom
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325 @cindex Software patents, opposition to
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326 @cindex Patents for software, opposition to
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327
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328 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and
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329 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact
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330 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact
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331 @email{jbw@@cs.bu.edu, Joe Wells}; he will be happy to talk with you
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332 about the LPF.
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333
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334 You can find more information about the LPF in the file @file{etc/LPF}.
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335 More papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and
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336 also from @uref{http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/, the LPF}.
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337
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338 @node Real meaning of copyleft, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, The LPF, General questions
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339 @section What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
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340 @cindex Copyleft, real meaning of
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341 @cindex GPL, real meaning of
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342 @cindex General Public License, real meaning of
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343 @cindex Discussion of the GPL
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344
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345 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public License (copyleft) will
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346 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope.
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347 There has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to
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348 set any precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to
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349 the newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, which was created to hold the
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350 extensive flame wars on the subject.
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351
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352 RMS writes:
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353
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354 @quotation
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355 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the spirit,
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356 which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work pertaining
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357 to Emacs should also be free software. "Free" means that all users have
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358 the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. To make sure
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359 everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you distribute
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360 any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the recipients the
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361 same freedom that you enjoyed.
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362 @end quotation
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363
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364 @node Guidelines for newsgroup postings, Newsgroup archives, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions
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365 @section What are appropriate messages for @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}, @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, @uref{news:comp.emacs}, etc.?
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366 @cindex Newsgroups, appropriate messages for
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367 @cindex GNU newsgroups, appropriate messages for
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368 @cindex Usenet groups, appropriate messages for
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369 @cindex Mailing lists, appropriate messages for
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370
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371 The file @file{etc/MAILINGLISTS} discusses the purpose of each GNU
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372 mailing-list. (@xref{Informational files for Emacs} if you want a copy
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373 of the file.) For those lists which are gatewayed with newsgroups, it
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374 lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list address.
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375
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376 @uref{news:comp.emacs} is for discussion of Emacs programs in general.
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377 This includes Emacs along with various other implementations, such as
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378 JOVE, MicroEmacs, Freemacs, MG, Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon.
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379
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380 Many people post Emacs questions to @uref{news:comp.emacs} because they
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381 don't receive any of the gnu.* newsgroups. Arguments have been made
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382 both for and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to
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383 @uref{news:comp.emacs}. You have to decide for yourself.
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384
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385 Messages advocating "non-free" software are considered unacceptable on
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386 any of the gnu.* newsgroups except for @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss},
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387 which was created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject.
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388 "Non-free" software includes any software for which the end user can't
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389 freely modify the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to
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390 remove the gnu.* groups from the "Newsgroups:" line when posting a
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391 followup that recommends such software.
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392
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393 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug} is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid
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394 posting bug reports to this newsgroup (@pxref{Reporting bugs}).
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395
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396 @node Newsgroup archives, Reporting bugs, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, General questions
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397 @section Where can I get old postings to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and other GNU groups?
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398 @cindex Archived postings from @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}
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399 @cindex Usenet archives for GNU groups
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400 @cindex Old Usenet postings for GNU groups
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401
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402 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many
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403 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The
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404 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve
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405 individual postings from, but pretty much everything is there.
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406
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407 The archive is at @uref{ftp://ftp-mailing-list-archives.gnu.org}.
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408
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409 As of this writing, the archives are not yet working.
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410
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411 Web-based Usenet search services, such as
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412 @uref{http://www.dejanews.com, DejaNews}, also archive the
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413 gnu.* groups.
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414
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415 @node Reporting bugs, Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Newsgroup archives, General questions
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416 @section Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs?
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417 @cindex Bug reporting
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418 @cindex Good bug reports
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419 @cindex How to submit a bug report
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420 @cindex Reporting bugs
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421
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422 The correct way to report Emacs bugs is by e-mail to
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423 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. Anything sent here also appears in the
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424 newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, but please use e-mail instead of
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425 news to submit the bug report. This ensures a reliable return address
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426 so you can be contacted for further details.
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427
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428 Be sure to read the "Bugs" section of the Emacs manual before reporting
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429 a bug to bug-gnu-emacs! The manual describes in detail how to submit a
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430 useful bug report. (@xref{On-line manual} if you don't know how to read the
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431 manual.)
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432
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433 RMS says:
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434
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435 @quotation
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436 Sending bug reports to @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} (which has the
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437 effect of posting on @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}) is undesirable because
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438 it takes the time of an unnecessarily large group of people, most of
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diff changeset
439 whom are just users and have no idea how to fix these problem.
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440 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} reaches a much smaller group of people
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441 who are more likely to know what to do and have expressed a wish to
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442 receive more messages about Emacs than the others.
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diff changeset
443 @end quotation
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444
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445 RMS says it is sometimes fine to post to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}:
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446
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diff changeset
447 @quotation
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448 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix,
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449 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on
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450 gnu.emacs.help asking if anyone can help you.
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diff changeset
451 @end quotation
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452
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453 If you are unsure whether you have found a bug, consider the following
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454 non-exhaustive list, courtesy of RMS:
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455
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456 @quotation
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diff changeset
457 If Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors
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458 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that
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459 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it
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460 does, that is a bug.
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461 @end quotation
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462
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463 @node Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Contacting the FSF, Reporting bugs, General questions
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diff changeset
464 @section How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list?
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diff changeset
465 @cindex Unsubscribing from GNU mailing lists
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diff changeset
466 @cindex Removing yourself from GNU mailing lists
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467
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468 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named "XXX", you might be able
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diff changeset
469 to unsubscribe from it by sending a request to the address
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470 @email{XXX-request@@gnu.org}. However, this will not work if you are
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471 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a
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472 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which
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473 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the @samp{Received} headers
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474 on the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the "EXPN" or
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475 "VRFY" sendmail commands through "telnet <site-address> smtp". Ask your
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476 postmaster for help.
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477
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478 @node Contacting the FSF, , Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, General questions
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diff changeset
479 @section What is the current address of the FSF?
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diff changeset
480 @cindex Snail mail address of the FSF
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diff changeset
481 @cindex Postal address of the FSF
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diff changeset
482 @cindex Contracting the FSF
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diff changeset
483 @cindex Free Software Foundation, contacting
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diff changeset
484
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diff changeset
485 @table @asis
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486
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487 @item E-mail
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488 gnu@@gnu.org
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489
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490 @item Telephone
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diff changeset
491 +1-617-542-5942
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492
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493 @item Fax
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494 +1-617-542-2652
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diff changeset
495
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496 @item World Wide Web
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497 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/}
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498
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499 @item Postal address
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500 Free Software Foundation@*
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501 59 Temple Place - Suite 330@*
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502 Boston, MA 02111-1307@*
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503 USA@*
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504
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505 @end table
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diff changeset
506
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507 For details on how to order items directly from the FSF, see the file
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508 @file{etc/ORDERS}.
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diff changeset
509
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510 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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511 @node Getting help, Status of Emacs, General questions, Top
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diff changeset
512 @chapter Getting help
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parents:
diff changeset
513 @cindex Getting help
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514
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diff changeset
515 This section tells you how to get help with Emacs
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diff changeset
516
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diff changeset
517 @menu
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518 * Basic editing::
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519 * Learning how to do something::
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diff changeset
520 * Getting a printed manual::
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diff changeset
521 * Emacs Lisp documentation::
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diff changeset
522 * Installing Texinfo documentation::
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diff changeset
523 * Printing a Texinfo file::
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diff changeset
524 * Viewing Info files outside of Emacs::
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diff changeset
525 * Informational files for Emacs::
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diff changeset
526 * Help installing Emacs::
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parents:
diff changeset
527 * Obtaining the FAQ::
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diff changeset
528 @end menu
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529
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diff changeset
530 @node Basic editing, Learning how to do something, Getting help, Getting help
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parents:
diff changeset
531 @section I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
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parents:
diff changeset
532 @cindex Basic editing with Emacs
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diff changeset
533 @cindex Beginning editing
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parents:
diff changeset
534 @cindex Tutorial, invoking the
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parents:
diff changeset
535 @cindex Self-paced tutorial, invoking the
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
536 @cindex Help system, entering the
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diff changeset
537
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diff changeset
538 Type @kbd{C-h t} to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing @kbd{C-h}
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parents:
diff changeset
539 enters the help system.
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diff changeset
540
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parents:
diff changeset
541 Your system administrator may have changed @kbd{C-h} to act like
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diff changeset
542 @key{DEL} to deal with local keyboards. You can use @kbd{M-x
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diff changeset
543 help-for-help} instead to invoke help. To discover what key (if any)
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diff changeset
544 invokes help on your system, type @kbd{M-x where-is @key{RET}
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diff changeset
545 help-for-help @key{RET}}. This will print a comma-separated list of key
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diff changeset
546 sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last character in each key
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diff changeset
547 sequence listed. Each of the resulting key sequences invokes help.
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diff changeset
548
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diff changeset
549 Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value
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diff changeset
550 should be stored in the variable @code{help-char}.
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diff changeset
551
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552 There is also a WWW-based tutorial for Emacs 18, much of which is also
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553 relevant for Emacs 20, available at
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diff changeset
554
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diff changeset
555 @uref{http://kufacts.cc.ukans.edu/cwis/writeups/misc/emacsguide.html}
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556
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diff changeset
557 @node Learning how to do something, Getting a printed manual, Basic editing, Getting help
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parents:
diff changeset
558 @section How do I find out how to do something in Emacs?
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parents:
diff changeset
559 @cindex Help for Emacs
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parents:
diff changeset
560 @cindex Learning to do something in Emacs
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parents:
diff changeset
561 @cindex Reference card for Emacs
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parents:
diff changeset
562 @cindex Overview of help systems
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563
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564 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs.
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565
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diff changeset
566 @itemize @bullet
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567
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568 @item
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569 The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info
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570 hypertext reader. Type @kbd{C-h i} to invoke Info. Typing @key{h}
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571 immediately after entering Info will provide a short tutorial on how to
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572 use it.
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573
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diff changeset
574 @item
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575 You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. @xref{Getting a
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576 printed manual}.
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577
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diff changeset
578 @item
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diff changeset
579 You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to
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diff changeset
580 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5),
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parents:
diff changeset
581 or you can print your own from the @file{etc/refcard.tex} or
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diff changeset
582 @file{etc/refcard.ps} files in the Emacs distribution.
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diff changeset
583
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diff changeset
584 @item
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585 You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word
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586 (actually which match a regular expression) using @kbd{C-h a} (@kbd{M-x
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587 command-apropos}).
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588
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diff changeset
589 @item
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590 You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a
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591 certain word using @kbd{M-x apropos}.
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diff changeset
592
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diff changeset
593 @item
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594 There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and
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595 information. To get a list of these commands, type @samp{?} after
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diff changeset
596 @kbd{C-h}.
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597
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598 @end itemize
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599
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600 @node Getting a printed manual, Emacs Lisp documentation, Learning how to do something, Getting help
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diff changeset
601 @section How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual?
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602 @cindex Printed Emacs manual, obtaining
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diff changeset
603 @cindex Manual, obtaining a printed copy of
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parents:
diff changeset
604 @cindex Emacs manual, obtaining a printed copy of
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parents:
diff changeset
605
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606 You can order a printed copy of the Emacs manual from the FSF. For
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607 details see the file @file{etc/ORDERS}.
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608
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609 The full @TeX{} source for the manual also comes in the @file{man}
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610 directory of the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to
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parents:
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611 print out this 440-page manual yourself (@pxref{Printing a Texinfo
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612 file}).
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613
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614 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have @TeX{},
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615 you can get a PostScript version from
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616
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617 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.ubc.ca/pub/archive/gnu/manuals_ps/emacs-19.21.ps.gz}
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618
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619 Note that the above document is somewhat out of date, although most
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620 major concepts are still relevant. This site requests that you please
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621 @emph{confine any major ftping to late evenings or early mornings, local
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622 time} (Pacific time zone, GMT-8).
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623
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624 A WWW version of the (somewhat outdated) Emacs 19.34 manual is at
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625
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626 @uref{http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/texinfodoc/emacs_toc.html}
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627
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628 @xref{Learning how to do something} for how to view the manual on-line.
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diff changeset
629
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630 @node Emacs Lisp documentation, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting a printed manual, Getting help
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diff changeset
631 @section Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp?
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diff changeset
632 @cindex Documentation on Emacs Lisp
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diff changeset
633 @cindex Function documentation
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diff changeset
634 @cindex Variable documentation
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diff changeset
635 @cindex Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
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diff changeset
636 @cindex Reference manual for Emacs Lisp
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diff changeset
637
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638 Within Emacs, you can type @kbd{C-h f} to get the documentation for a
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diff changeset
639 function, @kbd{C-h v} for a variable.
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parents:
diff changeset
640
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diff changeset
641 For more information, obtain the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. Details on
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parents:
diff changeset
642 ordering it from FSF are in file @file{etc/ORDERS}.
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diff changeset
643
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diff changeset
644 The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is also available on-line, in Info
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diff changeset
645 format. Texinfo source for the manual (along with pregenerated Info
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646 files) is available at
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diff changeset
647
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diff changeset
648 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-manual-20-2.5.tar.gz}
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diff changeset
649
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diff changeset
650 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@xref{Current GNU distributions} for a
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diff changeset
651 list). @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation} if you want to install
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parents:
diff changeset
652 the Info files, or @ref{Printing a Texinfo file} if you want to use the
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diff changeset
653 Texinfo source to print the manual yourself.
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diff changeset
654
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diff changeset
655 WWW versions of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual are available at
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diff changeset
656
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diff changeset
657 @uref{http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/texinfodoc/elisp_1.html}
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diff changeset
658
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diff changeset
659 and
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diff changeset
660
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diff changeset
661 @uref{http://www.cs.indiana.edu/usr/local/www/elisp/lispref/elisp_toc.html}
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diff changeset
662
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diff changeset
663 @node Installing Texinfo documentation, Printing a Texinfo file, Emacs Lisp documentation, Getting help
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parents:
diff changeset
664 @section How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
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parents:
diff changeset
665 @cindex Texinfo documentation, installing
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parents:
diff changeset
666 @cindex Installing Texinfo documentation
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parents:
diff changeset
667 @cindex New Texinfo files, installing
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parents:
diff changeset
668 @cindex Documentation, installing new Texinfo files
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parents:
diff changeset
669
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diff changeset
670 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this
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diff changeset
671 using the stand-alone @file{makeinfo} program, available as part of the latest
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diff changeset
672 Texinfo package at
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diff changeset
673
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diff changeset
674 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-3.12.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
675
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
676 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@xref{Current GNU distributions} for a list).
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parents:
diff changeset
677
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diff changeset
678 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which
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parents:
diff changeset
679 comes with Emacs. This manual also comes installed in Info format, so
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parents:
diff changeset
680 you can read it on-line.
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parents:
diff changeset
681
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diff changeset
682 Neither @code{texinfo-format-buffer} nor @file{makeinfo} installs the
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diff changeset
683 resulting Info files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files:
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diff changeset
684
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diff changeset
685 @enumerate
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parents:
diff changeset
686
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diff changeset
687 @item Move the files to the @file{info} directory in the installed Emacs
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parents:
diff changeset
688 distribution. @xref{Filename conventions} if you don't know where that is.
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parents:
diff changeset
689
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diff changeset
690 @item Edit the file @file{info/dir} in the installed Emacs distribution,
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parents:
diff changeset
691 and add a line for the top level node in the Info package that you are
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parents:
diff changeset
692 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is:
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parents:
diff changeset
693
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parents:
diff changeset
694 @example
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diff changeset
695 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic.
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parents:
diff changeset
696 @end example
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diff changeset
697
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diff changeset
698 @end enumerate
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diff changeset
699
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diff changeset
700 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary
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diff changeset
701 privileges, you have several options:
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diff changeset
702
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parents:
diff changeset
703 @itemize @bullet
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diff changeset
704
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diff changeset
705 @item
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parents:
diff changeset
706 Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. You
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parents:
diff changeset
707 can feed a file name to the @code{Info-goto-node} command (invoked by
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parents:
diff changeset
708 pressing @key{g} in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in
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parents:
diff changeset
709 parentheses. This goes to the node named "Top" in that file. For
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parents:
diff changeset
710 example, to view a Info file named "XXX" in your home directory, you can
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parents:
diff changeset
711 type this:
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diff changeset
712
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parents:
diff changeset
713 @lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
714 C-h i g (~/XXX) @key{RET}
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parents:
diff changeset
715 @end lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
716
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diff changeset
717 @item
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diff changeset
718 You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where the
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parents:
diff changeset
719 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
720 @code{Info-default-directory-list}. For example, to use a private Info
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
721 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named "Info",
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
722 you could put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
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parents:
diff changeset
723
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parents:
diff changeset
724 @lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
725 (setq Info-default-directory-list
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parents:
diff changeset
726 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list))
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diff changeset
727 @end lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
728
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parents:
diff changeset
729 You will need a top-level Info file named @file{dir} in this directory
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parents:
diff changeset
730 which has everything the system dir file has in it, except it should
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
731 list only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
732 it if all files in this directory were referenced by other @file{dir}
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parents:
diff changeset
733 files. The node lists from all @file{dir} files in
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parents:
diff changeset
734 @code{Info-default-directory-list} are merged by the Info system.
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parents:
diff changeset
735
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parents:
diff changeset
736 @end itemize
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parents:
diff changeset
737
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parents:
diff changeset
738 @node Printing a Texinfo file, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting help
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parents:
diff changeset
739 @section How do I print a Texinfo file?
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parents:
diff changeset
740 @cindex Printing a Texinfo file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
741 @cindex Texinfo file, printing
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parents:
diff changeset
742
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diff changeset
743 You can't get nicely printed output from Info files; you must still have
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parents:
diff changeset
744 the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print.
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parents:
diff changeset
745
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parents:
diff changeset
746 Assuming you have @TeX{} installed on your system, follow these steps:
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parents:
diff changeset
747
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
748 @enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
749
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
750 @item Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this:
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
751
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
752 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
753 \input texinfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
754 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
755
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
756 You may need to change @samp{texinfo} to the full pathname of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
757 texinfo.tex file, which comes with Emacs as @samp{man/texinfo.tex} (or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
758 copy or link it into the current directory).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
759
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
760 @item @code{tex XXX.texinfo}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
761
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
762 @item @code{texindex XXX.??}
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
763
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
764 The @samp{texindex} program comes with Emacs as @file{man/texindex.c}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
765
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
766 @item @code{tex XXX.texinfo}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
767
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
768 @item Print the DVI file @file{XXX.dvi} in the normal way for printing DVI files at your site.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
769
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
770 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
771
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
772 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
773 (@xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
774
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
775 @node Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Informational files for Emacs, Printing a Texinfo file, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
776 @section Can I view Info files without using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
777 @cindex Viewing Info files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
778 @cindex Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
779 @cindex Alternative Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
780
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
781 Yes. Here are some alternative programs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
782
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
783 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
784
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parents:
diff changeset
785 @item Info, a stand-alone version of the Info program, comes as part of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
786 Texinfo package. @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation} for details.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
787
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
788 @item Xinfo, a stand-alone version of the Info program that runs under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
789 Windows. You can get it at
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
790 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/xinfo/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz} and all
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parents:
diff changeset
791 mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@xref{Current GNU distributions} for a list).
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
792
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
793 @item Tkinfo, an Info viewer that runs under X Windows and uses Tcl/Tk. You
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
794 can get Tkinfo at @uref{http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/tkinfo/}.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
795
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parents:
diff changeset
796 @end itemize
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parents:
diff changeset
797
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parents:
diff changeset
798 @node Informational files for Emacs, Help installing Emacs, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
799 @section What informational files are available for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
800 @cindex Informational files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
801 @cindex Files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
802 @cindex @file{COPYING}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
803 @cindex @file{DISTRIB}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
804 @cindex @file{FAQ}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
805 @cindex @file{FTP}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
806 @cindex @file{GNU}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
807 @cindex @file{INTERVIEW}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
808 @cindex @file{LPF}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
809 @cindex @file{MACHINES}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
810 @cindex @file{MAILINGLISTS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
811 @cindex @file{NEWS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
812 @cindex @file{SERVICE}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
813 @cindex @file{SUN-SUPPORT}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
816 informational files about Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
817 are available for you to read.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
818
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
819 The following files are available in the @file{etc} directory of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
820 Emacs distribution (@pxref{Filename conventions} if you're not sure where that is).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
821
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
822 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
823
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
824 @item COPYING
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
825 Emacs General Public License
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
826
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
827 @item DISTRIB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
828 Emacs Availability Information, including the popular "Free Software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
829 Foundation Order Form"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
830
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
831 @item FAQ
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
832 Emacs Frequently Asked Questions (You're reading it)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
833
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
834 @item FTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
835 How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
836
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
837 @item GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
838 The GNU Manifesto
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
839
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
840 @item INTERVIEW
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
841 Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain UNIX-compatible software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
842 system with BYTE editors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
843
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
844 @item LPF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
845 Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
846
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
847 @item MACHINES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
848 Status of Emacs on Various Machines and Systems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
849
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
850 @item MAILINGLISTS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
851 GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
852
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
853 @item NEWS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
854 Emacs news, a history of user-visible changes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
855
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
856 @item SERVICE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
857 GNU Service Directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
858
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
859 @item SUN-SUPPORT
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
860 including "Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
861
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
862 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
863
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
864 Latest versions of the above files also available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
865
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
866 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
867
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
868 More GNU information, including back issues of the "GNU's Bulletin", are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
869 at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
870
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
871 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
872
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
873 @uref{http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
874
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
875 @node Help installing Emacs, Obtaining the FAQ, Informational files for Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
876 @section Where can I get help in installing Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
877 @cindex Installation help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
878 @cindex Help installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
879
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
880 @xref{Installing Emacs} for some basic installation hints, and question
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
881 83 if you have problems with the installation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
882
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
883 The file @file{etc/SERVICE} (@pxref{Filename conventions} if you're not
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
884 sure where that is) lists companies and individuals willing to sell you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
885 help in installing or using Emacs. An up-to-date version this file is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
886 available on @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@pxref{Informational files for Emacs}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
887
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
888 @node Obtaining the FAQ, , Help installing Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
889 @section Where can I get the latest version of this FAQ?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
890 @cindex FAQ, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
891 @cindex Latest FAQ version, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
892 @cindex Retrieving the latest FAQ version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
893 @cindex E-mail, retrieving the FAQ via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
894 @cindex Web, reading the FAQ on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
895
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
896 The Emacs FAQ is available in several ways:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
897
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
898 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
899
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
900 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
901 Inside of Emacs itself. You can get it from selecting the "Emacs FAQ"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
902 option from the "Help" menu at the top of any Emacs frame, or by typing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
903 @kbd{C-h F} (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-FAQ}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
904
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
905 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
906 Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907 news spool, in both the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
908 @uref{news:comp.emacs} newsgroups. Every news reader should allow you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
909 to read any news article that is still in the news spool, even if you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
910 have read the article before. You may need to read the instructions for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
911 your news reader to discover how to do this. In @file{rn}, this command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
912 will do this for you at the article selection level:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
913
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
914 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
915 ?GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions?rc:m
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
916 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
917
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
918 In Gnus, you should type @kbd{C-u C-x C-s} from the @file{*Summary*}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
919 buffer or @kbd{C-u @key{SPC}} from the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer to view
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
920 all articles in a newsgroup.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
921
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
922 If the FAQ articles have expired and been deleted from your news spool,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
923 it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
924 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
925 while.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
926
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
927 @item Via HTTP or FTP. You can always fetch the latest FAQ from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
928
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
929 @uref{http://www.lerner.co.il/emacs/} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
930
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
931 @uref{ftp://ftp.lerner.co.il/pub/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
932
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
933 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
934 In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
935 of release has been part of the Emacs distribution as @file{etc/FAQ}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
936 (@pxref{Filename conventions}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
937
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
938 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
939 Via the World Wide Web. A hypertext version is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
940
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
941 @uref{http://www.lerner.co.il/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
942
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
943 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
944 Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from @file{rtfm.mit.edu} (and its mirror in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
945 Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
946 news.answers. The Emacs FAQs are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
947
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
948 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
949
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
950 @uref{ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/doc/FAQ/comp/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
951
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
952 If you do not have access to anonymous FTP, you can access the archives
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
953 using the @file{rtfm.mit.edu} mail server. The Emacs FAQ can be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
954 retrieved by sending mail to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
955 blank subject and containing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
956
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
958 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
959 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
960 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
961 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
962 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
963 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
964 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
965
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
966 For more information, send email to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
967 with "help" and "index" in the body on separate lines.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
968
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
969 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
970 As the very last resort, you can e-mail a request to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
971 @email{emacs-faq@@lerner.co.il}. Don't do this unless you have made a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
972 serious effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the methods listed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
973 above.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
974
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
975 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
976
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
977 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
978 @node Status of Emacs, Common requests, Getting help, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
979 @chapter Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
980 @cindex Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
981
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
982 This section gives you basic information about Emacs, including its
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
983 latest version status.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
984
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
985 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
986 * Origin of the term Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
987 * Latest version of Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
988 * New in Emacs 20::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
989 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
990
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
991 @node Origin of the term Emacs, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs, Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
992 @section Where does the name "Emacs" come from?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
993 @cindex Origin of the term "Emacs"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
994 @cindex Emacs name origin
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
995 @cindex TECO
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
996 @cindex Original version of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
997
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
998 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he "picked
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
999 the name Emacs because @key{E} was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1000 the time." The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1001 by RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector, originally Tape
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1002 Editor and COrrector) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1003 TECO with a "real-time" full screen mode with reprogrammable keys.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1004 Emacs was started by @email{gls@@east.sun.com, Guy Steele} as a project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1005 to unify the many divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1006 and completed by RMS.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1007
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1008 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise; you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1009 can read more at @uref{news:alt.lang.teco}. Someone has written a TECO
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010 implementation in Emacs Lisp (to find it, @ref{Packages that do not come
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011 with Emacs}); it would be an interesting project to run the original
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1012 TECO Emacs inside of Emacs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1013
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1014 For some not-so-serious alternative reasons for Emacs to have that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1015 name, check out @file{etc/JOKES} (@pxref{Filename conventions}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1016
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1017 @node Latest version of Emacs, New in Emacs 20, Origin of the term Emacs, Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1018 @section What is the latest version of Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1019 @cindex Version, latest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1020 @cindex Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1021
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1022 Emacs 20.4 is the current version as of this writing.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1023
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1024 @node New in Emacs 20, , Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1025 @section What is different about Emacs 20?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1026 @cindex Differences between Emacs 19 and Emacs 20
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1027 @cindex Emacs 20, new features in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1028 @cindex Recently introduced features
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1029
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1030 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type @kbd{C-h n}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1031 (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-news}). The oldest changes are at the bottom of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1032 the file, so you might want to read it starting there, rather than at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1033 the top.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1034
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1035 The differences between Emacs versions 18 and 19 was rather dramatic;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1036 the introduction of frames, faces, and colors on windowing systems was
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1037 obvious to even the most casual user.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1038
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1039 There are differences between Emacs versions 19 and 20 as well, but many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1040 are more subtle or harder to find. Among the changes are the inclusion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1041 of MULE code for languages that use non-Latin characters, the "customize"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1042 facility for modifying variables without having to use Lisp, and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1043 automatic conversion of files from Macintosh, Microsoft, and Unix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1044 platforms.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1045
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1046 A number of older Lisp packages, such as Gnus, Supercite and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1047 calendar/diary, have been updated and enhanced to work with Emacs 20,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1048 and are now included with the standard distribution.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1049
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1050
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1051 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1052 @node Common requests, Bugs and problems, Status of Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1053 @chapter Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1054 @cindex Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1055
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1056 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1057 * Setting up a customization file::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1058 * Debugging a customization file::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1059 * Displaying the current line or column::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1060 * Displaying the current filename in the titlebar::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1061 * Turning on abbrevs by default::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1062 * Turning on auto-fill by default::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1063 * Associating modes with files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1064 * Working with unprintable characters::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1065 * Highlighting a region::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1066 * Controlling case sensitivity::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1067 * Wrapping words automatically::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1068 * Spell-checkers::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1069 * Checking TeX and *roff documents::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1070 * Changing load-path::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1071 * Using an already running Emacs process::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1072 * Compiler error messages::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1073 * Indenting switch statements::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1074 * Horizontal scrolling::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1075 * Overwrite mode::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1076 * Turning off beeping::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1077 * Turning the volume down::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1078 * Automatic indentation::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1079 * Matching parentheses::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1080 * Hiding #ifdef lines::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1081 * Repeating commands::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1082 * Valid X resources::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1083 * Evaluating Emacs Lisp code::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1084 * Changing the length of a Tab::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1085 * Inserting > at the beginning of each line::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1086 * Underlining paragraphs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1087 * Repeating a command as many times as possible::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1088 * Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1089 * Forcing Emacs to iconify itself::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1090 * Using regular expressions::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1091 * Replacing text across multiple files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1092 * Documentation for etags::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1093 * Disabling backups::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1094 * Disabling auto-save-mode::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1095 * Modifying pull-down menus::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1096 * Deleting menus and menu options::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1097 * Turning on syntax highlighting::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1098 * Scrolling only one line::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1099 * Replacing highlighted text::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1100 * Editing MS-DOS files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1101 * Filling paragraphs with a single space::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1102 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1103
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1104 @node Setting up a customization file, Debugging a customization file, Common requests, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1105 @section How do I set up a @file{.emacs} file properly?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1106 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1107 @cindex Init file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1108 @cindex Customization file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1109
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1110 @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1111
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1112 In general, new Emacs users should not have @file{.emacs} files, because
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1113 it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send questions to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1114 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} asking why Emacs isn't behaving as
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1115 documented.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1116
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1117 Emacs 20 includes the new @code{customize} facility, which can be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1118 invoked using @kbd{M-x customize @key{RET}}. This allows users who are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1119 unfamiliar with Emacs Lisp to modify their @file{.emacs} files in a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1120 relatively straightforward way, using menus rather than Lisp code. Not
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1121 all packages support Customize as of this writing, but the number is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1122 growing fairly steadily.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1123
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parents:
diff changeset
1124 While @code{customize} might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs,
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1125 consider taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1126 @file{.emacs} directly. Simple configuration options are described
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1127 rather completely in @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}, for users
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parents:
diff changeset
1128 interested in performing frequently requested, basic tasks.
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parents:
diff changeset
1129
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parents:
diff changeset
1130 @node Debugging a customization file, Displaying the current line or column, Setting up a customization file, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1131 @section How do I debug a @file{.emacs} file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1132 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1133 @cindex @file{.emacs} debugging
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1134 @cindex Init file debugging
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1135 @cindex @samp{-debug-init}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1136
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1137 Start Emacs with the @samp{-debug-init} command-line option. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1138 enables the Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1139 file, and places you in the debugger if something goes wrong. The top
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1140 line in the @file{trace-back} buffer will be the error message, and the
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1141 second or third line of that buffer will display the Lisp code from your
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1142 @file{.emacs} file that caused the problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1143
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1144 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1145 in your @file{.emacs} file by moving the cursor to the end of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1146 function or argument and typing @kbd{C-x C-e} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1147 eval-last-sexp}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1148
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1149 Use @kbd{C-h v} (@kbd{M-x describe-variable}) to check the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1150 variables which you are trying to set or use.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1151
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parents:
diff changeset
1152 @node Displaying the current line or column, Displaying the current filename in the titlebar, Debugging a customization file, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1153 @section How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1154 @cindex @code{line-number-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1155 @cindex Displaying the current line or column
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1156 @cindex Line number, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1157 @cindex Column, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1158 @cindex @code{mode-line-format}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1159
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parents:
diff changeset
1160 To have Emacs automatically display the current line number of the point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1161 in the mode line, do @kbd{M-x line-number-mode}. You can also put the
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1162 form
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parents:
diff changeset
1163
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parents:
diff changeset
1164 @lisp
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1165 (setq line-number-mode t)
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1166 @end lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
1167
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parents:
diff changeset
1168 in your @file{.emacs} file to achieve this whenever you start Emacs.
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parents:
diff changeset
1169 Note that Emacs will not display the line number if the buffer is larger
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parents:
diff changeset
1170 than the value of the variable @code{line-number-display-limit}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1171
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parents:
diff changeset
1172 As of Emacs 20, you can similarly display the current column with
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parents:
diff changeset
1173 @kbd{M-x column-number-mode}, or by putting the form
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parents:
diff changeset
1174
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1175 @lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
1176 (setq column-number-mode t)
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parents:
diff changeset
1177 @end lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
1178
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parents:
diff changeset
1179 in your @file{.emacs} file.
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parents:
diff changeset
1180
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parents:
diff changeset
1181 The "%c" format specifier in the variable @code{mode-line-format} will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1182 insert the current column's value into the mode line. See the
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1183 documentation for @code{mode-line-format} (using @kbd{C-h v
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1184 mode-line-format @key{RET}}) for more information on how to set and use
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parents:
diff changeset
1185 this variable.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1186
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parents:
diff changeset
1187 Users of all Emacs versions can display the current column using
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1188 @email{abraham@@iesd.auc.dk, Per Abrahamsen's} "column" package.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1189 @xref{Packages that do not come with Emacs} for instructions on how to
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parents:
diff changeset
1190 get it.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1191
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parents:
diff changeset
1192 None of the vi emulation modes provide the "set number" capability of vi
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1193 (as far as we know).
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1194
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parents:
diff changeset
1195 @node Displaying the current filename in the titlebar, Turning on abbrevs by default, Displaying the current line or column, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1196 @section How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current filename?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1197 @cindex Titlebar, displaying the current filename in
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1198 @cindex Filename, displaying in the titlebar
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1199 @cindex @code{frame-title-format}
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parents:
diff changeset
1200
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1201 The contains of an Emacs frame's titlebar is controlled by the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1202 @code{frame-title-format}, which has the same structure as the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1203 @code{mode-line-format}. (Use @kbd{C-h v} or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1204 describe-variable} to get information about one or both of these
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1205 variables.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1206
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1207 By default, the titlebar for a frame does contain the name of the buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1208 currently being visited, except if there is a single frame. In such a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1209 case, the titlebar contains the name of the user and the machine at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1210 which Emacs was invoked. This is done by setting
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1211 @code{frame-title-format} to the default value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1212
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1213 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1214 (multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@@" system-name))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1215 @end lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
1216
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1217 To modify the behavior such that frame titlebars contain the buffer's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1218 name regardless of the number of existing frames, include the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1219 in your @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1220
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1221 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1222 (setq frame-title-format "%b")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1223 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1224
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1225 @node Turning on abbrevs by default, Turning on auto-fill by default, Displaying the current filename in the titlebar, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1226 @section How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode XXX?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1227 @cindex Abbrevs, turning on by default
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1228
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1229 Put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1230
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1231 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1232 (condition-case ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1233 (quietly-read-abbrev-file)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1234 (file-error nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1235
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1236 (add-hook 'XXX-mode-hook
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1237 (function
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1238 (lambda ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1239 (setq abbrev-mode t))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1240 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1241
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1242 @node Turning on auto-fill by default, Associating modes with files, Turning on abbrevs by default, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1243 @section How do I turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} by default?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1244 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, activating automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1245 @cindex Filling automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1246 @cindex Automatic entry to @code{auto-fill-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1247
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1248 To turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} just once for one buffer, use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1249 auto-fill-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1250
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1251 To turn it on for every buffer in a certain mode, you must use the hook
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1252 for that mode. For example, to turn on @code{auto-fill} mode for all
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1253 text buffers, including the following in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1254
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1255 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1256 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1257 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1258
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1259 If you want @code{auto-fill} mode on in all major modes, do this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1260
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1261 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1262 (setq-default auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1263 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1264
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1265 @node Associating modes with files, Working with unprintable characters, Turning on auto-fill by default, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1266 @section How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1267 @cindex Associating modes with files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1268 @cindex File extensions and modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1269 @cindex @code{auto-mode-alist}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1270 @cindex Modes, associating with file extensions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1271
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1272 If you want to use XXX mode for all files which end with the extension
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1273 @samp{.YYY}, this will do it for you:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1274
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1275 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1276 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.YYY\\'" . XXX-mode) auto-mode-alist))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1277 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1278
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1279 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1280 edit in XXX mode (in the second line, if the first line begins with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1281 @samp{#!}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1282
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1283 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1284 -*-XXX-*-
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1285 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1286
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1287 Beginning with Emacs 19, the variable @code{interpreter-mode-alist}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1288 specifies which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1289 determines which interpreter you're using by examining the first line of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1290 the file.) This feature only applies when the file name doesn't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1291 indicate which mode to use. Use @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1292 describe-variable}) on @code{interpreter-mode-alist} to learn more.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1293
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1294 @node Working with unprintable characters, Highlighting a region, Associating modes with files, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1295 @section How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (eight-bit or control) characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1296 @cindex Unprintable characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1297 @cindex Working with unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1298 @cindex Control characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1299 @cindex Eight-bit characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1300 @cindex Searching for unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1301 @cindex Regexps and unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1302
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1303 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1304 example, @samp{\237}, you can type @kbd{C-s C-q 2 3 7}. (This assumes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1305 the value of @code{search-quote-char} is 17 (i.e., @kbd{C-q}).)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1306 Searching for ALL unprintable characters is best done with a regular
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1307 expression ("regexp") search. The easiest regexp to use for the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1308 unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the printable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1309 chars.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1310
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1311 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1312
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1313 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1314 Regexp for the printable chars: @samp{[\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1315
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1316 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1317 Regexp for the unprintable chars: @samp{[^\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1318
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1319 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1320
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1321 To type these special characters in an interactive argument to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1322 @code{isearch-forward-regexp} or @code{re-search-forward}, you need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1323 use @kbd{C-q}. (@samp{\t}, @samp{\n}, @samp{\r}, and @samp{\f} stand
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1324 respectively for @key{TAB}, @key{LFD}, @key{RET}, and @kbd{C-l}.) So,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1325 to search for unprintable characters using @code{re-search-forward}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1326
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1327 @kbd{M-x re-search-forward @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1328
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1329 Using @code{isearch-forward-regexp}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1330
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1331 @kbd{M-C-s [^ @key{TAB} @key{RET} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1332
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1333 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1334
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1335 @kbd{M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1336
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1337 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1338 characters with a colon, use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1339
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1340 M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} : @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1341
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1342 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1343
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1344 @item You don't need to quote @key{TAB} with either isearch or typing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1345 something in the minibuffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1346
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1347 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1348
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1349 @node Highlighting a region, Controlling case sensitivity, Working with unprintable characters, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1350 @section How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1351 @cindex Highlighting text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1352 @cindex Text, highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1353 @cindex @code{transient-mark-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1354 @cindex Region, highlighting a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1355
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1356 If you are using a windowing system such as X, you can cause the region
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1357 to be highlighted when the mark is active by including
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1358
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1359 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1360 (transient-mark-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1361 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1362
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1363 in your @file{.emacs} file. (Also see @xref{Turning on syntax highlighting}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1364
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1365 @node Controlling case sensitivity, Wrapping words automatically, Highlighting a region, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1366 @section How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1367 @cindex @code{case-fold-search}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1368 @cindex Case sensitivity of searches
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1369 @cindex @code{case-replace}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1370 @cindex Searching without case sensitivity
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1371 @cindex Ignoring case in searches
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1372
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1373 For searching, the value of the variable @code{case-fold-search}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1374 determines whether they are case sensitive:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1375
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1376 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1377 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1378 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1379 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1380
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1381 Similarly, for replacing the variable @code{case-replace} determines
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1382 whether replacements preserve case.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1383
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1384 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1385 mode's hook. For example:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1386
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1387 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1388 (add-hook 'XXX-mode-hook
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1389 (function
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1390 (lambda ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1391 (setq case-fold-search nil))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1392 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1393
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1394 @node Wrapping words automatically, Spell-checkers, Controlling case sensitivity, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1395 @section How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1396 @cindex Wrapping word automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1397 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, introduction to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1398 @cindex Maximum line width, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1399 @cindex @code{fill-column}, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1400
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1401 Use @code{auto-fill-mode}, activated by typing @kbd{M-x auto-fill-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1402 The default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1403 @code{fill-column}. To learn how to turn this on automatically, @pxref{Turning on auto-fill by default}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1404
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1405 @node Spell-checkers, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Wrapping words automatically, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1406 @section Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1407 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1408 @cindex Spelling, checking text documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1409
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1410 Use Ispell. @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1411
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1412 @node Checking TeX and *roff documents, Changing load-path, Spell-checkers, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1413 @section How can I spell-check @TeX{} or *roff documents?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1414 @cindex Spelling, checking @TeX{} documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1415 @cindex @TeX{} documents, checking spelling in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1416
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1417 Use Ispell. Ispell can handle @TeX{} and *roff documents.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1418 @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1419
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1420 @node Changing load-path, Using an already running Emacs process, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1421 @section How do I change @code{load-path}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1422 @cindex @code{load-path}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1423 @cindex Modifying @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1424 @cindex Adding to @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1425
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1426 In general, you should only add to the @code{load-path}. You can add
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1427 directory @var{/XXX/YYY} to the load path like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1428
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1429 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1430 (setq load-path (cons "/XXX/YYY/" load-path))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1431 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1432
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1433 To do this relative to your home directory:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1434
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1435 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1436 (setq load-path (cons "~/YYY/" load-path)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1437 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1438
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1439 @node Using an already running Emacs process, Compiler error messages, Changing load-path, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1440 @section How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1441 @cindex @code{emacsclient}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1442 @cindex Emacs server functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1443 @cindex Using an existing Emacs process
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1444
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1445 @code{emacsclient}, which comes with Emacs, is for editing a file using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1446 an already running Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1447 this by sending a request to the already running Emacs, which must be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1448 expecting the request.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1449
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1450 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1451
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1452 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1453 Setup
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1454
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1455 Emacs must have executed the @code{server-start} function for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1456 @samp{emacsclient} to work. This can be done either by a command line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1457 option:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1458
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1459 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1460 emacs -f server-start
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1461 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1462
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1463 or by invoking @code{server-start} from @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1464
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1465 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1466 (if (some conditions are met) (server-start))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1467 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1468
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1469 When this is done, Emacs starts a subprocess running a program called
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1470 @samp{server}. @samp{server} creates a Unix domain socket, named
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1471 @file{.emacs_server}, in the user's home directory.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1472
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1473 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1474 @samp{emacsclient}, try setting the environment variable @code{EDITOR}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1475 (or sometimes @code{VISUAL}) to the value @samp{emacsclient}. You may
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1476 have to specify the full pathname of the @samp{emacsclient} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1477 instead. Examples:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1478
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1479 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1480 # csh commands:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1481 setenv EDITOR emacsclient
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1482
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1483 # using full pathname
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1484 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1485
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1486 # sh command:
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1487 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1488 @end example
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1489
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1490 @item Normal use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1491
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1492 When @samp{emacsclient} is run, it connects to the @file{.emacs_server}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1493 socket and passes its command line options to @samp{server}. When
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1494 @samp{server} receives these requests, it sends this information on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1495 the Emacs process, which at the next opportunity will visit the files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1496 specified. (Line numbers can be specified just like with Emacs.) The
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1497 user will have to switch to the Emacs window by hand. When the user is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1498 done editing a file, the user can type @kbd{C-x #} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1499 server-edit}) to indicate this. If there is another buffer requested by
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1500 emacsclient, Emacs will switch to it; otherwise emacsclient will exit,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1501 signaling the calling program to continue.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1502
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1503 @samp{emacsclient} and @samp{server} must be running on machines which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1504 share the same filesystem for this to work. The pathnames that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1505 @samp{emacsclient} specifies should be correct for the filesystem that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1506 the Emacs process sees. The Emacs process should not be suspended at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1507 the time @samp{emacsclient} is invoked. @samp{emacsclient} should
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1508 either be invoked from another X window or from a shell window inside
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1509 Emacs itself.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1510
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1511 There is an enhanced version of @samp{emacsclient}/server called
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1512 @samp{gnuserv} by @email{ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com, Andy Norman} which is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1513 available in the Emacs Lisp Archive (@pxref{Packages that do not come
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1514 with Emacs}). @samp{gnuserv} uses Internet domain sockets, so it can
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1515 work across most network connections. It also supports the execution of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1516 arbitrary Emacs Lisp forms and does not require the client program to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1517 wait for completion.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1518
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1519 The alpha version of an enhanced @samp{gnuserv} is available
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1520 at
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1521
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1522 @uref{ftp://ftp.wellfleet.com/netman/psmith/emacs/gnuserv-2.1alpha.tar.gz}
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1523
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1524 @end itemize
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1525
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1526 @node Compiler error messages, Indenting switch statements, Using an already running Emacs process, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1527 @section How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1528 @cindex Compiler error messages, recognizing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1529 @cindex Recognizing non-standard compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1530 @cindex Regexps for recognizing compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1531 @cindex Errors, recognizing compiler
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1532
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1533 The variable @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} helps control how
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1534 Emacs parses your compiler output. It is a list of triples of the form:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1535 @var{(REGEXP FILE-IDX LINE-IDX)}, where @var{REGEXP}, @var{FILE-IDX} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1536 @var{LINE-IDX} are strings. To help determine what the constituent
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1537 elements should be, load @file{compile.el} and then use @kbd{C-h v
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1538 compilation-error-regexp-alist @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1539
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1540 to see the current value. A good idea is to look at @file{compile.el}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1541 itself as the comments included for this variable are quite useful ---
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1542 the regular expressions required for your compiler's output may be very
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1543 close to one already provided. Once you have determined the proper
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1544 regexps, use the following to inform Emacs of your changes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1545
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1546 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1547 (setq compilation-error-regexp-alist
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1548 (cons '(REGEXP FILE-IDX LINE-IDX)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1549 compilation-error-regexp-alist))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1550 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1551
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1552 @node Indenting switch statements, Horizontal scrolling, Compiler error messages, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1553 @section How do I change the indentation for @code{switch}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1554 @cindex @code{switch}, indenting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1555 @cindex Indenting of @code{switch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1556
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1557 Many people want to indent their @code{switch} statements like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1558
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1559 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1560 f()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1561 @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1562 switch(x) @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1563 case A:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1564 x1;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1565 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1566 case B:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1567 x2;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1568 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1569 default:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1570 x3;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1571 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1572 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1573 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1574
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1575 The solution at first appears to be: set @code{c-indent-level} to 4 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1576 @code{c-label-offset} to -2. However, this will give you an indentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1577 spacing of four instead of two.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1578
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1579 The solution is to use @code{cc-mode} (the default mode for C
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1580 programming in Emacs 20) and add the following line:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1581
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1582 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1583 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1584 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1585
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1586 There appears to be no way to do this with the old @code{c-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1587
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1588 @node Horizontal scrolling, Overwrite mode, Indenting switch statements, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1589 @section How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1590 @cindex @code{hscroll-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1591 @cindex Horizontal scrolling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1592 @cindex Scrolling horizontally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1593
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1594 Use @code{hscroll-mode}, included in Emacs 20. Here is some information from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1595 the documentation, available by typing @kbd{C-h f hscroll-mode @key{RET}}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1596
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1597 Automatically scroll horizontally when the point moves off the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1598 left or right edge of the window.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1599
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1600 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1601
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1602 @item Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-mode} to enable it in the current buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1603 @item Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-global-mode} to enable it in every buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1604 @item @code{turn-on-hscroll} is useful in mode hooks as in:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1605
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1606 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1607 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-hscroll)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1608 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1609
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1610 @item @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close the cursor can get to the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1611 edge of the window.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1612
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1613 @item @code{hscroll-step-percent} controls how far to jump once we decide to do so.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1614
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1615 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1616
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1617 @node Overwrite mode, Turning off beeping, Horizontal scrolling, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1618 @section How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1619 @cindex @key{Insert}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1620 @cindex @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1621 @cindex Overwriting existing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1622 @cindex Toggling @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1623
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1624 @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode} (a minor mode). This toggles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1625 @code{overwrite-mode} on and off, so exiting from @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1626 is as easy as another @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1627
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1628 On some workstations, @key{Insert} toggles @code{overwrite-mode} on and off.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1629
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1630 @node Turning off beeping, Turning the volume down, Overwrite mode, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1631 @section How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1632 @cindex Beeping, turning off
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1633 @cindex Visible bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1634 @cindex Bell, visible
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1635
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1636 @email{martin@@cc.gatech.edu, Martin R. Frank} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1637
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1638 Tell Emacs to use the "visible bell" instead of the audible bell, and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1639 set the visible bell to nothing.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1640
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1641 That is, put the following in your @code{TERMCAP} environment variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1642 (assuming you have one):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1643
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1644 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1645 ... :vb=: ...
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1646 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1647
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1648 And evaluate the following Lisp form:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1649
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1650 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1651 (setq visible-bell t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1652 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1653
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1654 @node Turning the volume down, Automatic indentation, Turning off beeping, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1655 @section How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1656 @cindex Bell, volume of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1657 @cindex Volume of bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1658
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1659 You can adjust the bell volume and duration for all programs with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1660 shell command @file{xset}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1661
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1662 Invoking @file{xset} without any arguments produces some basic information,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1663 including the following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1664
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1665 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1666 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ...
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1667 To turn bell off:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1668 -b b off b 0
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1669 To set bell volume, pitch and duration:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1670 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1671 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1672
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1673 @node Automatic indentation, Matching parentheses, Turning the volume down, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1674 @section How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the indentation of the previous line?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1675 @cindex Indenting new lines
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1676 @cindex New lines, indenting of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1677 @cindex Previous line, indenting according to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1678
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1679 Such behavior is automatic in Emacs 20. From the NEWS file for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1680 20.2:
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1681
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1682 @example
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1683 ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs. This makes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1684 it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode in Text mode,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1685 and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode). @key{TAB} in Text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1686 mode now runs the command @code{indent-relative}; this makes a practical
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1687 difference only when you use indented paragraphs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1688
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1689 As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1690 and is an alias for it.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1691
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1692 If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1693 the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1694 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1695
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1696 If you have @code{auto-fill-mode} on (@pxref{Turning on auto-fill by
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1697 default}), you can tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1698 character sequence, the "fill prefix." Type the prefix at the beginning
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1699 of a line, position point after it, and then type @kbd{C-x .}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1700 (@code{set-fill-prefix}) to set the fill prefix. Thereafter,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1701 auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the beginning of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1702 new lines, and @kbd{M-q} (@code{fill-paragraph}) will maintain any fill
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1703 prefix when refilling the paragraph.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1704
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1705 If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1706 have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move to a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1707 new paragraph. To avoid this hassle, try one of the many packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1708 available from the Emacs Lisp Archive (@pxref{Packages that do not come
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1709 with Emacs}.) Look up "fill" and "indent" in the Lisp Code Directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1710 for guidance.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1711
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1712 @node Matching parentheses, Hiding #ifdef lines, Automatic indentation, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1713 @section How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1714 @cindex Parentheses, matching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1715 @cindex @file{paren.el}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1716 @cindex Highlighting matching parentheses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1717 @cindex Pairs of parentheses, highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1718 @cindex Matching parentheses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1719
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1720 As of version 19, Emacs comes with @file{paren.el}, which (when loaded)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1721 will automatically highlight matching parentheses whenever point (i.e.,
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1722 the cursor) is located over one. To load @file{paren.el} automatically,
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1723 include the line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1724
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1725 @lisp
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1726 (require 'paren)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1727 @end lisp
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1728
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1729 in your @file{.emacs} file. @email{shutkoa@@ugsolutions.com, Alan Shutko}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1730 reports that as of version 20.1, you must also call @code{show-paren-mode} in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1731 your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1732
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1733 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1734 (show-paren-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1735 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1736
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1737 @code{customize} will let you turn on @code{show-paren-mode}. Use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1738 @kbd{M-x customize-group @key{RET} paren-showing @key{RET}}. From
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1739 within @code{customize}, you can also go directly to the "paren-showing"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1740 group.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1741
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1742 Alternatives to paren include:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1743
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1744 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1745
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1746 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1747 If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1748 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will blink the cursor on the matching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1749 parenthesis.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1750
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1751 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1752 @kbd{M-C-f} (@code{forward-sexp}) and @kbd{M-C-b} (@code{backward-sexp})
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1753 will skip over one set of balanced parentheses, so you can see which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1754 parentheses match. (You can train it to skip over balanced brackets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1755 and braces at the same time by modifying the syntax @key{TAB}le.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1756
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1757 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1758 Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the @key{%} key show the matching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1759 parenthesis, like in vi. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1760 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1761
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1762 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1763 ;; By an unknown contributor
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1764
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1765 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1766
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1767 (defun match-paren (arg)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1768 "Go to the matching paren if on a paren; otherwise insert %."
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1769 (interactive "p")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1770 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1771 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1772 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1)))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1773 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1774
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1775 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1776
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1777 @node Hiding #ifdef lines, Repeating commands, Matching parentheses, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1778 @section In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after @code{#ifdef} commands are handled by the compiler?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1779 @cindex @code{#ifdef}, selective display of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1780 @cindex @code{hide-ifdef-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1781 @cindex Hiding @code{#ifdef} text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1782 @cindex Selectively displaying @code{#ifdef} code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1783
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1784 @kbd{M-x hide-ifdef-mode}. (This is a minor mode.) You might also want
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1785 to try @file{cpp.el}, available at the Emacs Lisp Archive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1786 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1787
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1788 @node Repeating commands, Valid X resources, Hiding #ifdef lines, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1789 @section Is there an equivalent to the @code{.} (dot) command of vi?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1790 @cindex Repeating commands as with vi
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1791 @cindex Command, repeat last
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1792 @cindex @code{.}, equivalent to vi command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1793
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1794 (@code{.} is the redo command in vi. It redoes the last insertion/deletion.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1795
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1796 As of Emacs 20.3, there is indeed a @code{repeat} command (@kbd{C-x .})
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1797 that repeats the last command. If you preface it with a prefix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1798 argument, the prefix arg is applied to the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1799
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1800 You can also type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1801 (@code{repeat-complex-command}) to reinvoke commands that used the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1802 minibuffer to get arguments. In @code{repeat-complex-command} you can
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1803 type @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} to scan through all the different complex
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1804 commands you've typed.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1805
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1806 To repeat a set of commands, use keyboard macros. (@inforef{Keyboard
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1807 Macros, Keyboard Macros, emacs}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1808
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1809 If you're really desperate for the @code{.} command, use VIPER, which comes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1810 with Emacs, and which appears to support it. (@xref{VIPER}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1811
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1812 @node Valid X resources, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Repeating commands, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1813 @section What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1814 @cindex Resources, X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1815 @cindex X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1816 @cindex Setting X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1817
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1818 @inforef{Resources X, Resources X, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1819
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1820 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1821 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1822 was compiled with the X toolkit.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1823
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1824 @node Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Changing the length of a Tab, Valid X resources, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1825 @section How do I execute ("evaluate") a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1826 @cindex Evaluating Lisp code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1827 @cindex Lisp forms, evaluating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1828
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1829 There are a number of ways to execute ("evaluate," in Lisp lingo) an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1830 Emacs Lisp "form":
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1831
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1832 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1833
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1834 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1835 If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1836 named @file{.emacs} in your home directory. This is known as your ".emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1837 file," and contains all of your personal customizations.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1838
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1839 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1840 You can type the form in the @file{*scratch*} buffer, and then type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1841 @key{LFD} (or @kbd{C-j}) after it. The result of evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1842 will be inserted in the buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1843
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1844 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1845 In @code{emacs-lisp-mode}, typing @kbd{M-C-x} evaluates a top-level form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1846 before or around point.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1847
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1848 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1849 Typing @kbd{C-x C-e} in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately
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parents:
diff changeset
1850 before point and prints its value in the echo area.
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parents:
diff changeset
1851
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parents:
diff changeset
1852 @item
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parents:
diff changeset
1853 Typing @kbd{M-:} or @kbd{M-x eval-expression} allows you to type a Lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
1854 form in the minibuffer which will be evaluated.
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parents:
diff changeset
1855
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parents:
diff changeset
1856 @item
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diff changeset
1857 You can use @kbd{M-x load-file} to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
1858 forms in a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function @code{load}
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parents:
diff changeset
1859 instead.)
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parents:
diff changeset
1860
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parents:
diff changeset
1861 The functions @code{load-library}, @code{eval-region},
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parents:
diff changeset
1862 @code{eval-current-buffer}, @code{require}, and @code{autoload} are also
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parents:
diff changeset
1863 useful; @pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation} if you want to learn more about
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parents:
diff changeset
1864 them.
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parents:
diff changeset
1865
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diff changeset
1866 @end itemize
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parents:
diff changeset
1867
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parents:
diff changeset
1868 @node Changing the length of a Tab, Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Common requests
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parents:
diff changeset
1869 @section How do I change Emacs's idea of the @key{TAB} character's length?
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parents:
diff changeset
1870 @cindex Tab length
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parents:
diff changeset
1871 @cindex Length of tab character
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parents:
diff changeset
1872 @cindex @code{default-tab-width}
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parents:
diff changeset
1873
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parents:
diff changeset
1874 Set the variable @code{default-tab-width}. For example, to set
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parents:
diff changeset
1875 @key{TAB} stops every 10 characters, insert the following in your
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parents:
diff changeset
1876 @file{.emacs} file:
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parents:
diff changeset
1877
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diff changeset
1878 @lisp
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parents:
diff changeset
1879 (setq default-tab-width 10)
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parents:
diff changeset
1880 @end lisp
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diff changeset
1881
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diff changeset
1882 Do not confuse variable @code{tab-width} with variable
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parents:
diff changeset
1883 @code{tab-stop-list}. The former is used for the display of literal
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parents:
diff changeset
1884 @key{TAB} characters. The latter controls what characters are inserted
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diff changeset
1885 when you press the @key{TAB} character in certain modes.
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parents:
diff changeset
1886
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diff changeset
1887 @node Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Underlining paragraphs, Changing the length of a Tab, Common requests
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parents:
diff changeset
1888 @section How do I insert @samp{>} at the beginning of every line?
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parents:
diff changeset
1889 @cindex Prefix character, inserting in mail/news replies
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parents:
diff changeset
1890 @cindex Replies to mail/news, inserting a prefix character
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parents:
diff changeset
1891 @cindex @code{mail-yank-prefix}
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parents:
diff changeset
1892 @cindex Mail replies, inserting a prefix character
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parents:
diff changeset
1893 @cindex News replies, inserting a prefix character
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diff changeset
1894
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diff changeset
1895 To do this to an entire buffer, type @kbd{M-< M-x replace-regexp
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diff changeset
1896 @key{RET} ^ @key{RET} > @key{RET}}.
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diff changeset
1897
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diff changeset
1898 To do this to a region, use @code{string-rectangle} (@kbd{C-x r t}).
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diff changeset
1899 Set the mark (@kbd{C-@key{SPC}}) at the beginning of the first line you
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diff changeset
1900 want to prefix, move the cursor to last line to be prefixed, and type
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parents:
diff changeset
1901 @kbd{C-x r t > @key{RET}}. To do this for the whole buffer, type
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parents:
diff changeset
1902 @kbd{C-x h C-x r t > @key{RET}}.
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diff changeset
1903
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diff changeset
1904 If you are trying to prefix a yanked mail message with @samp{>}, you
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diff changeset
1905 might want to set the variable @code{mail-yank-prefix}. Better yet, get
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diff changeset
1906 the Supercite package (@pxref{Supercite}), which provides flexible
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parents:
diff changeset
1907 citation for yanked mail and news messages. @xref{Changing the included
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diff changeset
1908 text prefix} for additional information.
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diff changeset
1909
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diff changeset
1910 @node Underlining paragraphs, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1911 @section How do I insert "_^H" before each character in a region to get an underlined paragraph?
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parents:
diff changeset
1912 @cindex Underlining a region of text
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parents:
diff changeset
1913 @cindex @code{underline-region}
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diff changeset
1914
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diff changeset
1915 @kbd{M-x underline-region}.
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diff changeset
1916
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diff changeset
1917 @node Repeating a command as many times as possible, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Underlining paragraphs, Common requests
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diff changeset
1918 @section How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
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parents:
diff changeset
1919 @cindex Repeating commands
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diff changeset
1920 @cindex Commands, repeating
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parents:
diff changeset
1921
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diff changeset
1922 Use @kbd{C-x (} and @kbd{C-x )} to make a keyboard macro that invokes
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parents:
diff changeset
1923 the command and then type @kbd{M-0 C-x e}.
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parents:
diff changeset
1924
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diff changeset
1925 Any messages your command prints in the echo area will be suppressed.
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parents:
diff changeset
1926
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diff changeset
1927 @node Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Common requests
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diff changeset
1928 @section How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
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parents:
diff changeset
1929 @cindex @code{picture-mode}
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diff changeset
1930 @cindex Remaining in the same column, regardless of contents
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parents:
diff changeset
1931 @cindex Vertical movement in empty documents
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diff changeset
1932
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diff changeset
1933 @kbd{M-x picture-mode}.
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diff changeset
1934
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diff changeset
1935 @node Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Using regular expressions, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1936 @section How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
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parents:
diff changeset
1937 @cindex Iconification under X Windows
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parents:
diff changeset
1938 @cindex X Windows and iconification
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1939 @cindex Suspending Emacs
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diff changeset
1940
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1941 @kbd{C-z} iconifies Emacs when running under X Windows and suspends Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1942 otherwise. @inforef{Misc X, Misc X, emacs}.
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diff changeset
1943
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1944 @node Using regular expressions, Replacing text across multiple files, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1945 @section How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
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diff changeset
1946 @cindex Regexps
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diff changeset
1947 @cindex Regular expressions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1948 @cindex Differences between Unix and Emacs regexps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1949 @cindex Unix regeps, differences from Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1950 @cindex Text strings, putting regexps in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1951
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diff changeset
1952 @inforef{Regexps, Regexps, emacs}.
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diff changeset
1953
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diff changeset
1954 The "or" operator is @samp{\|}, not @samp{|}, and the grouping operators
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1955 are @samp{\(} and @samp{\)}. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1956 @samp{\\}. To specify a regular expression like @samp{xxx\(foo\|bar\)}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1957 in a Lisp string, use @samp{xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)}.
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diff changeset
1958
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diff changeset
1959 Notice the doubled backslashes!
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1960
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diff changeset
1961 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1962
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diff changeset
1963 @item Unlike in Unix @file{grep}, @file{sed}, etc., a complement
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1964 character set (@samp{[^...]}) can match a newline character (@key{LFD}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1965 aka @kbd{C-j} aka @samp{\n}), unless newline is mentioned as one of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1966 characters not to match.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1967
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
1968 @item The character syntax regexps (e.g., @samp{\sw}) are not
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
1969 meaningful inside character set regexps (e.g., @samp{[aeiou]}). (This
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
1970 is actually typical for regexp syntax.)
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diff changeset
1971
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diff changeset
1972 @end itemize
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diff changeset
1973
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diff changeset
1974 @node Replacing text across multiple files, Documentation for etags, Using regular expressions, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1975 @section How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1976 @cindex Replacing strings across files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1977 @cindex Multiple files, replacing across
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1978 @cindex Files, replacing strings across multiple
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1979
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parents:
diff changeset
1980 The "tags" feature of Emacs includes the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1981 @code{tags-query-replace} which performs a query-replace across all the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1982 files mentioned in the TAGS file. @inforef{Tags Search, Tags Search,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1983 emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1984
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1985 As of Emacs 19.29, Dired mode (@kbd{M-x dired @key{RET}}, or @kbd{C-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1986 d}) supports the command @code{dired-do-query-replace}, which allows
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1987 users to replace regular expressions in multiple files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1988
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1989 @node Documentation for etags, Disabling backups, Replacing text across multiple files, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1990 @section Where is the documentation for @file{etags}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1991 @cindex Documentation for @file{etags}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1992 @cindex @file{etags}, documentation for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1993
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parents:
diff changeset
1994 The @file{etags} man page should be in the same place as the
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parents:
diff changeset
1995 @file{emacs} man page.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1996
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diff changeset
1997 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example,
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diff changeset
1998 @samp{etags -H}.
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diff changeset
1999
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parents:
diff changeset
2000 @node Disabling backups, Disabling auto-save-mode, Documentation for etags, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2001 @section How do I disable backup files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2002 @cindex Backups, disabling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2003 @cindex Disabling backups
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2004
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2005 You probably don't want to do this, since backups are useful.
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parents:
diff changeset
2006
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2007 To avoid seeing backup files (and other "uninteresting" files) in Dired,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2008 load dired-x by adding the following to your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2009
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2010 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2011 (add-hook 'dired-load-hook
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2012 (function (lambda ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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diff changeset
2013 (load "dired-x"))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2014 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2015
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2016 With dired-x loaded, @kbd{M-o} toggles omitting in each dired buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2017 You can make omitting the default for new dired buffers by putting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2018 following in your @file{.emacs}:
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diff changeset
2019
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diff changeset
2020 @lisp
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diff changeset
2021 (setq initial-dired-omit-files-p t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2022 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2023
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2024 If you're tired of seeing backup files whenever you do an "ls" at the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2025 Unix shell, try GNU ls with the "-B" option. GNU ls is part of the GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2026 fileutils package, available at mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@pxref{Current GNU distributions} ).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
2027
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parents:
diff changeset
2028 To disable or change how backups are made, see "Backup Names" in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2029 on-line manual.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2030
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2031 @node Disabling auto-save-mode, Modifying pull-down menus, Disabling backups, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2032 @section How do I disable @code{auto-save-mode}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2033 @cindex Disabling @code{auto-save-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2034 @cindex Auto-saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2035 @cindex Saving at frequent intervals
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2036
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2037 You probably don't want to do this, since auto-saving is useful,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2038 especially when Emacs or your computer crashes while you are editing a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2039 document.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2040
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2041 Instead, you might want to change the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2042 @code{auto-save-interval}, which specifies how many keystrokes Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2043 waits before auto-saving. Increasing this value forces Emacs to wait
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2044 longer between auto-saves, which might annoy you less.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2045
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2046 You might also want to look into Sebastian Kremer's @code{auto-save}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2047 package, available from the Lisp Code Archive (@pxref{Packages that do not come
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2048 with Emacs}). This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2049 package also allows you to place all auto-save files in one directory,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2050 such as @file{/tmp}.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2051
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2052 To disable or change how @code{auto-save-mode} works, see "Auto Save" in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2053 on-line manual.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2054
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2055 @node Modifying pull-down menus, Deleting menus and menu options, Disabling auto-save-mode, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2056 @section How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2057 @cindex Pull-down menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2058 @cindex Menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2059 @cindex Creating new menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2060 @cindex Modifying pull-down menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2061 @cindex Menus and keymaps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2062 @cindex Keymaps and menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2063
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2064 Each menu title (e.g., Buffers, File, Edit) represents a local or global
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2065 keymap. Selecting a menu title with the mouse displays that keymap's
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2066 non-nil contents in the form of a menu.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2067
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2068 So to add a menu option to an existing menu, all you have to do is add a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2069 new definition to the appropriate keymap. Adding a "forward word"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2070 command to the "Edit" menu thus requires the following Lisp code:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2071
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2072 @lisp
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2073 (define-key global-map
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2074 [menu-bar edit forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2075 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2076 @end lisp
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2077
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2078 The first line adds the entry to the global keymap, which includes
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2079 global menu bar entries. Replacing the reference to @code{global-map}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2080 with a local keymap would add this menu option only within a particular
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2081 mode.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2082
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2083 The second line describes the path from the menu-bar to the new entry.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2084 Placing this menu entry underneath the "File" menu would mean changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2085 the word "edit" in the second line to "file."
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2086
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2087 The third line is a cons cell whose first element is the title that will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2088 be displayed, and whose second element is the function that will be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2089 called when that menu option is invoked.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2090
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2091 To add a new menu, rather than a new option to an existing menu, we must
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2092 define an entirely new keymap:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2093
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2094 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2095 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2096 (cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words")))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2097 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2098
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2099 The above code creates a new sparse keymap, gives it the name "Words",
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2100 and attaches it to the global menu bar. Adding the "forward word"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2101 command to this new menu would thus require the following code:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2102
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2103 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2104 (define-key global-map
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2105 [menu-bar words forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2106 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2107 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2108
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2109 Note that because of the way keymaps work, menu options are displayed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2110 with the more recently defined items at the top. Thus if you were to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2111 define menu options "foo", "bar", and "baz" (in that order), menu option
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2112 "baz" would appear at the top, and "foo" would be at the bottom.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2113
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2114 One way to avoid this problem is to use the function @code{define-key-after},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2115 which works the same as @code{define-key}, but lets you modify where items
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2116 appear. The following Lisp code would insert the "forward word" function
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2117 in the "edit" menu immediately following the "undo" option:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2118
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2119 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2120 (define-key-after
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2121 (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar edit])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2122 [forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2123 '("Forward word" . forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2124 'undo)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2125 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2126
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2127 Note how the second and third arguments to @code{define-key-after} are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2128 different from those of @code{define-key}, and that we have added a new
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2129 (final) argument, the function after which our new key should be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2130 defined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2131
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2132 To move a menu option from one position to another, simply evaluate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2133 @code{define-key-after} with the appropriate final argument.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2134
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2135 More detailed information --- and more examples of how to create and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2136 modify menu options --- are in the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual, under
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2137 "Keymaps." (@xref{Emacs Lisp documentation} for information on this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2138 manual.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2139
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2140 @node Deleting menus and menu options, Turning on syntax highlighting, Modifying pull-down menus, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2141 @section How do I delete menus and menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2142 @cindex Deleting menus and menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2143 @cindex Menus, deleting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2144
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2145 The simplest way to remove a menu is to set its keymap to @samp{nil}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2146 For example, to delete the "Words" menu (@pxref{Modifying pull-down
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2147 menus}), use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2148
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2149 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2150 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2151 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2152
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2153 Similarly, removing a menu option requires redefining a keymap entry to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2154 @code{nil}. For example, to delete the "Forward word" menu option from the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2155 "Edit" menu (we added it in @ref{Modifying pull-down menus}), use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2156
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2157 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2158 (define-key global-map [menu-bar edit forward] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2159 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2160
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2161 @node Turning on syntax highlighting, Scrolling only one line, Deleting menus and menu options, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2162 @section How do I turn on syntax highlighting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2163 @cindex Syntax highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2164 @cindex @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2165 @cindex Highlighting based on syntax
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2166 @cindex Colorizing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2167 @cindex FAQ, @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2168
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2169 @code{font-lock-mode} is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2170 highlighting. With @code{font-lock-mode} invoked, different types of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2171 text will appear in different colors. For instance, if you turn on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2172 @code{font-lock-mode} in a programming mode, variables will appear in one
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2173 face, keywords in a second, and comments in a third.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2174
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2175 Earlier versions of Emacs supported hilit19, a similar package. Use of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2176 hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although @file{hilit19.el} comes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2177 with the stock Emacs distribution. It is no longer maintained.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2178
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2179 To turn @code{font-lock-mode} on within an existing buffer, use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2180 font-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2181
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2182 To automatically invoke @code{font-lock-mode} when a particular major
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2183 mode is invoked, set the major mode's hook. For example, to fontify all
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2184 @code{c-mode} buffers, add the following to your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2185
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2186 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2187 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2188 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2189
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2190 To automatically invoke @code{font-lock-mode} for all major modes, you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2191 can turn on @code{global-font-lock-mode} by including the following line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2192 in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2193
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2194 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2195 (global-font-lock-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2196 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2197
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2198 This instructs Emacs to turn on font-lock mode in those buffers for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2199 which a font-lock mode definition has been provided (in the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2200 @code{font-lock-global-modes}). If you edit a file in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2201 @code{pie-ala-mode}, and no font-lock definitions have been provided for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2202 @code{pie-ala} files, then the above setting will have no effect on that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2203 particular buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2204
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2205 Highlighting with @code{font-lock-mode} can take quite a while, and thus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2206 different levels of decoration are available, from slight to gaudy. To
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2207 control how decorated your buffers should become, set the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2208 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} in your @file{.emacs} file, with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2209 @code{nil} value indicating default (usually minimum) decoration, and a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2210 @code{t} value indicating the maximum decoration. For the gaudiest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2211 possible look, then, include the line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2212
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2213 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2214 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2215 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2216
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2217 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can also set this variable such that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2218 different modes are highlighted in a different ways; for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2219 information, see the documentation for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2220 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} with @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2221 describe-variable @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2222
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2223 You might also want to investigate @code{fast-lock-mode} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2224 @code{lazy-lock-mode}, versions of @code{font-lock-mode} that speed up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2225 highlighting. The advantage of @code{lazy-lock-mode} is that it only
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2226 fontifies buffers when certain conditions are met, such as after a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2227 certain amount of idle time, or after you have finished scrolling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2228 through text. See the documentation for @code{lazy-lock-mode} by typing @kbd{C-h f
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2229 @code{lazy-lock-mode}} (@kbd{M-x describe-function @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2230 lazy-lock-mode @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2231
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2232 Also see the documentation for the function @code{font-lock-mode},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2233 available by typing @kbd{C-h f font-lock-mode} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2234 describe-function @key{RET} font-lock-mode @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2235
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2236 For more information on font-lock mode, take a look at the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2237 @code{font-lock-mode} FAQ, maintained by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2238 @email{jari.aalto@@ntc.nokia.com, Jari Aalto} at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2239
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2240 @uref{ftp://cs.uta.fi/pub/ssjaaa/ema-font.gui}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2241
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2242 To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2243 @kbd{M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces} or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2244 ps-print-region-with-faces}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2245
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2246 @node Scrolling only one line, Replacing highlighted text, Turning on syntax highlighting, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2247 @section How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the bottom of the screen?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2248 @cindex Scrolling only one line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2249 @cindex Reducing the increment when scrollng
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2250
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2251 Place the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2252
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2253 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2254 (setq scroll-step 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2255 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2256
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2257 @inforef{Scrolling, Scrolling, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2258
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2259 @node Replacing highlighted text, Editing MS-DOS files, Scrolling only one line, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2260 @section How can I replace highlighted text with what I type?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2261 @cindex @code{delete-selection-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2262 @cindex Replacing highlighted text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2263 @cindex Highlighing and replacing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2264
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2265 Use @code{delete-selection mode}, which you can start automatically by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2266 placing the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2267
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2268 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2269 (delete-selection-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2270 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2271
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2272 According to the documentation string for delete-selection mode (which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2273 you can read using @kbd{M-x describe-function @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2274 delete-selection-mode @key{RET}}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2275
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2276 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2277 When ON, typed text replaces the selection if the selection is active.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2278 When OFF, typed text is just inserted at point.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2279 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2280
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2281 This mode also allows you to delete (not kill) the highlighted region by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2282 pressing @key{DEL}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2283
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2284 @node Editing MS-DOS files, Filling paragraphs with a single space, Replacing highlighted text, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2285 @section How can I edit MS-DOS files using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2286 @cindex Editing MS-DOS files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2287 @cindex MS-DOS files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2288 @cindex Microsoft files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2289 @cindex Windows files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2290
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2291 As of Emacs 20, detection and handling of MS-DOS (and Windows) files is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2292 performed transparently. You can open MS-DOS files on a Unix system,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2293 edit it, and save it without having to worry about the file format.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2294
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2295 When editing an MS-DOS style file, a backslash (@samp{\}) will appear in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2296 the mode line.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2297
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2298 If you are running an earlier version of Emacs, get @code{crypt++} from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2299 the Emacs Lisp Archive (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2300 Among other things, @code{crypt++} transparently modifies MS-DOS files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2301 as they are loaded and saved, allowing you to ignore the different
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2302 conventions that Unix and MS-DOS have for delineating the end of a line.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2303
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2304 @node Filling paragraphs with a single space, , Editing MS-DOS files, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2305 @section How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after each period?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2306 @cindex One space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2307 @cindex Single space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2308 @cindex Periods, one space following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2309
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2310 @email{ulm@@vsnhd1.cern.ch, Ulrich Mueller} suggests adding the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2311 following two lines to your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2312
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2313 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2314 (setq sentence-end "[.?!][]\"')@}]*\\($\\|[ \t]\\)[ \t\n]*")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2315 (setq sentence-end-double-space nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2316 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2317
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2318 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2319 @node Bugs and problems, Compiling and installing Emacs, Common requests, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2320 @chapter Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2321 @cindex Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2322
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2323 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2324 * Problems with very large files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2325 * ^M in the shell buffer::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2326 * Shell process exits abnormally::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2327 * Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2328 * Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2329 * Problems talking to certain hosts::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2330 * Errors with init files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2331 * Emacs ignores X resources::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2332 * Emacs takes a long time to visit files::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2333 * Editing files with $ in the name::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2334 * Shell mode loses the current directory::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2335 * Security risks with Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2336 * Dired claims that no file is on this line::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2337 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2338
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2339 @node Problems with very large files, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2340 @section Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2341 @cindex Very large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2342 @cindex Large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2343 @cindex Opening very large files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2344 @cindex Maximum file size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2345 @cindex Files, maximum size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2346
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2347 Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2348 files larger than 8 megabytes. As of version 19.29, the maximum buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2349 size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2350
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2351 If you are using an older version of Emacs and cannot upgrade, you will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2352 have to recompile. @email{lnz@@lucid.com, Leonard N. Zubkoff} suggests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2353 putting the following two lines in @file{src/config.h} before compiling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2354 Emacs to allow for 26-bit integers and pointers (and thus file sizes of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2355 up to 33,554,431 bytes):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2356
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2357 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2358 #define VALBITS 26
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2359 #define GCTYPEBITS 5
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2360 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2361
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2362 This method may result in "ILLEGAL DATATYPE" and other random errors on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2363 some machines.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2364
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2365 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, David Gillespie} explains how this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2366 problems crops up; while his numbers are true only for pre-19.29
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2367 versions of Emacs, the theory remains the same with current versions.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2368
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2369 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2370 Emacs is largely written in a dialect of Lisp; Lisp is a freely-typed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2371 language in the sense that you can put any value of any type into any
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2372 variable, or return it from a function, and so on. So each value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2373 must carry a "tag" along with it identifying what kind of thing it is,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2374 e.g., integer, pointer to a list, pointer to an editing buffer, and so
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2375 on. Emacs uses standard 32-bit integers for data objects, taking the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2376 top 8 bits for the tag and the bottom 24 bits for the value. So
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2377 integers (and pointers) are somewhat restricted compared to true C
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2378 integers and pointers.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2379 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2380
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2381 @node ^M in the shell buffer, Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with very large files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2382 @section How do I get rid of @samp{^M} or echoed commands in my shell buffer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2383 @cindex Shell buffer, echoed commands and @samp{^M} in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2384 @cindex Echoed commands in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2385
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2386 Try typing @kbd{M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m @key{RET}} while in @code{shell-mode} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2387 make them go away. If that doesn't work, you have several options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2388
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2389 For tcsh, put this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc}) file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2390
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2391 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2392 if ($?EMACS) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2393 if ("$EMACS" == t) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2394 if ($?tcsh) unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2395 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2396 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2397 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2398 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2399
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2400 Or put this in your @file{.emacs_tcsh} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2401
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2402 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2403 unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2404 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2405 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2406
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2407 Alternatively, use @file{csh} in your shell buffers instead of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2408 @file{tcsh}. One way is:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2409
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2410 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2411 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2412 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2413
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2414 and another is to do this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc})
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2415 file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2416
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2417 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2418 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2419 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2420
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2421 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2422 set for this to take effect.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2423
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2424 You can also set the @code{ESHELL} environment variable in Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2425 with the following Lisp form,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2426
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2427 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2428 (setenv "ESHELL" "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2429 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2430
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2431 On a related note: If your shell is echoing your input line in the shell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2432 buffer, you might want to try the following command in your shell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2433 start-up file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2434
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2435 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2436 stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2437 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2438
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2439 @node Shell process exits abnormally, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2440 @section Why do I get "Process shell exited abnormally with code 1"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2441 @cindex Abnormal exits from @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2442 @cindex @code{shell-mode} exits
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2443
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2444 The most likely reason for this message is that the @samp{env} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2445 is not properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2446 and install it with @samp{a+x} permission in the architecture-dependent
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2447 Emacs program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2448 site by inspecting the value of the variable @code{exec-directory} by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2449 typing @kbd{C-h v exec-directory @key{RET}}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2450
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2451 You should also check for other programs named @samp{env} in your path
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2452 (e.g., SunOS has a program named @file{/usr/bin/env}). We don't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2453 understand why this can cause a failure and don't know a general
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2454 solution for working around the problem in this case.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2455
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2456 The @samp{make clean} command will remove @samp{env} and other vital
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2457 programs, so be careful when using it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2458
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2459 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2460 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2461 xterm was later terminated.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2462
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2463 See also @samp{PROBLEMS} (in the top-level directory when you unpack the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2464 Emacs source) for other possible causes of this message.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2465
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2466 @node Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Shell process exits abnormally, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2467 @section Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type "emacs"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2468 @cindex Termcap
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2469 @cindex Terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2470 @cindex Emacs entries for termcap/terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2471
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2472 The termcap entry for terminal type @samp{emacs} is ordinarily put in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2473 the @samp{TERMCAP} environment variable of subshells. It may help in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2474 certain situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2475 entry for @samp{emacs} to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2476 correct termcap entry for @samp{emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2477
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2478 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2479 emacs:tc=unknown:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2480 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2481
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2482 To make a terminfo entry for "emacs", use "tic" or "captoinfo." You need
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2483 to generate @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. It may work to simply copy
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2484 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb} to @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emac}s.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2485
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2486 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2487 programs in shell buffers. Use @kbd{M-x terminal-emulator} for that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2488 instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2489
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2490 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2491 change terminal type "emacs" to type "dumb" or "unknown" in your shell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2492 start up file. "csh" users could put this in their .cshrc files:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2493
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2494 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2495 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2496 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2497
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2498 @node Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems talking to certain hosts, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2499 @section Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying "I-search:" and beeping?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2500 @cindex Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2501 @cindex isearch-mode, spontaneous entry into
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2502 @cindex Beeping without obvious reason
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2503
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2504 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2505 sending @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control, and Emacs is receiving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2506 these characters and interpreting them as commands. (The @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2507 character normally invokes the @code{isearch-forward} command.) For
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2508 possible solutions, @pxref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow control}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2509
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2510 @node Problems talking to certain hosts, Errors with init files, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2511 @section Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2512 @cindex Hosts, Emacs cannot talk to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2513 @cindex @code{gethostbyname}, problematic version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2514
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2515 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2516 @code{gethostbyname} than the rest of the programs on the machine. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2517 is often manifested as a message on startup of "X server not responding.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2518 Check your @samp{DISPLAY} environment variable." or a message of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2519 "Unknown host" from @code{open-network-stream}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2520
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2521 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2522 library. The version of @code{gethostbyname} in the static C library
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2523 may only look in @file{/etc/hosts} and the NIS (YP) maps, while the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2524 version in the dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2525 addition to or instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2526 R3.6, the version of @code{gethostbyname} in the standard library works,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2527 but the one that works with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2528 Other operating systems have similar problems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2529
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2530 Try these options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2531
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2532 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2533
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2534 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2535 Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to @file{/etc/hosts}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2536
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2537 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2538 Relink Emacs with this line in @file{src/config.h}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2539
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2540 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2541 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2542 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2543
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2544 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2545 Replace @code{gethostbyname} and friends in @file{libc.a} with more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2546 useful versions such as the ones in @file{libresolv.a}. Then relink
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2547 Emacs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2548
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2549 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2550 If you are actually running NIS, make sure that "ypbind" is properly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2551 told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2552
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2553 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2554
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2555 @node Errors with init files, Emacs ignores X resources, Problems talking to certain hosts, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2556 @section Why does Emacs say "Error in init file"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2557 @cindex Error in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2558 @cindex Error in init file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2559 @cindex Init file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2560 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2561 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2562
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2563 An error occurred while loading either your @file{.emacs} file or the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2564 system-wide file @file{lisp/default.el}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2565
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2566 For information on how to debug your @file{.emacs} file,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2567 @pxref{Debugging a customization file}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2568
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2569 It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2570 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2571 of this is explained in @ref{Terminal setup code works after Emacs has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2572 begun}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2573
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2574 @node Emacs ignores X resources, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Errors with init files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2575 @section Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2576 @cindex X resources being ignored
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2577 @cindex Ignored X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2578 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2579
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2580 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2581 by the following environment variables:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2582
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2583 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2584
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2585 @item @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2586 @item @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2587 @item @code{XAPPLRESDIR}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2588
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2589 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2590
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2591 This emulates the functionality provided by programs written using Xt.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2592
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2593 @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} and @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2594 of file names separated by colons. @code{XAPPLRESDIR} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2595 of directory names separated by colons.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2596
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2597 Emacs searches for X resources:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2598
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2599 @enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2600
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2601 @item specified on the command line, with the @samp{-xrm RESOURCESTRING} option,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2602 @item then in the value of the @samp{XENVIRONMENT} environment variable,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2603
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2604 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2605
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2606 @item or if that is unset, in the file named @samp{~/.Xdefaults-HOSTNAME} if it exists (where @samp{HOSTNAME} is the hostname of the machine Emacs is running on),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2607
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2608 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2609
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2610 @item then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties provided by the server,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2611
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2612 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2613
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2614 @item or if those properties are unset, in the file named ~/.Xdefaults if it exists,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2615
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2616 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2617
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2618 @item then in the files listed in @samp{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2619
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2620 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2621
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2622 @item or in files named @file{LANG/Emacs} in directories listed in @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} (where @samp{LANG} is the value of the @samp{LANG} environment variable), if the @samp{LANG} environment variable is set,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2623 @item or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in @samp{XAPPLRESDIR}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2624 @item or in @file{~/LANG/Emacs} (if the @samp{LANG} environment variable is set),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2625 @item or in @file{~/Emacs},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2626
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2627 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2628
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2629 @item then in the files listed in @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2630
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2631 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2632
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2633 @node Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Editing files with $ in the name, Emacs ignores X resources, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2634 @section Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2635 @cindex Visiting files takes a long time
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2636 @cindex Delay when visiting files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2637 @cindex Files, take a long time to visit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2638
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2639 Old versions of Emacs (i.e., versions before Emacs 20.x) often
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2640 encountered this when the master lock file, @file{!!!SuperLock!!!} has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2641 been left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2642
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2643 @email{meuer@@geom.umn.edu, Mark Meuer} says that NeXT NFS has a bug
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2644 where an exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2645 can cause the same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2646 over NFS anyway, the best solution is to recompile Emacs with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2647 @code{CLASH_DETECTION} undefined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2648
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2649 @node Editing files with $ in the name, Shell mode loses the current directory, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2650 @section How do I edit a file with a @samp{$} in its name?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2651 @cindex Editing files with @samp{$} in the name
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2652 @cindex @samp{$} in filenames
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2653 @cindex Filenames containing @samp{$}, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2654
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2655 When entering a filename in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2656 a @samp{$} followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2657 this behavior, type @kbd{$$} instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2658
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2659 @node Shell mode loses the current directory, Security risks with Emacs, Editing files with $ in the name, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2660 @section Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2661 @cindex Current directory and @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2662 @cindex @code{shell-mode} and current directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2663 @cindex Directory, current in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2664
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2665 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2666 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2667 guess by recognizing @samp{cd} commands. If you type "cd" followed by a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2668 directory name with a variable reference (@samp{cd $HOME/bin}) or with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2669 shell metacharacter (@samp{cd ../lib*}), Emacs will fail to correctly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2670 guess the shell's new current directory. A huge variety of fixes and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2671 enhancements to shell mode for this problem have been written to handle
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2672 this problem. Check the Lisp Code Directory (@pxref{Finding a package
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2673 with particular functionality}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2674
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2675 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2676 @kbd{M-x dirs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2677
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2678 @node Security risks with Emacs, Dired claims that no file is on this line, Shell mode loses the current directory, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2679 @section Are there any security risks in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2680 @cindex Security with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2681 @cindex @samp{movemail} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2682 @cindex @code{file-local-variable} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2683 @cindex Synthetic X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2684 @cindex X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2685
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2686 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2687
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2688 @item The @file{movemail} incident (No, this is not a risk.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2689
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2690 In his book @emph{The Cuckoo's Egg}, Cliff Stoll describes this in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2691 chapter 4. The site at LBL had installed the @file{etc/movemail}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2692 program setuid root. (As of version 19, @file{movemail} is in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2693 architecture-specific directory; type @kbd{C-h v exec-directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2694 @key{RET}} to see what it is.) Since @file{movemail} had not been
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2695 designed for this situation, a security hole was created and users could
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2696 get root privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2697
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2698 @file{movemail} has since been changed so that this security hole will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2699 not exist, even if it is installed setuid root. However,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2700 @file{movemail} no longer needs to be installed setuid root, which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2701 should eliminate this particular risk.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2702
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2703 We have heard unverified reports that the 1988 Internet worm took
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2704 advantage of this configuration problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2705
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2706 @item The @code{file-local-variable} feature (Yes, a risk, but easy to change.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2707
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2708 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2709 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text near
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2710 the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2711 arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2712 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2713 feature.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2714
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2715 Emacs 18 allowed this feature by default; users could disable it by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2716 setting the variable @code{inhibit-local-variables} to a non-nil value.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2717
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2718 As of Emacs 19, Emacs has a list of local variables that create a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2719 security risk. If a file tries to set one of them, it asks the user to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2720 confirm whether the variables should be set. You can also tell Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2721 whether to allow the evaluation of Emacs Lisp code found at the bottom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2722 of files by setting the variable @code{enable-local-eval}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2723
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2724 For more information, @inforef{File Variables, File Variables, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2725
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2726 @item Synthetic X events (Yes, a risk; use @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1} or better.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2727
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2728 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the SendEvent request as
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2729 though they were regular events. As a result, if you are using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2730 trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2731 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2732 anything, including run other processes with your privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2733
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2734 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2735 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2736 authentication mechanism, such as @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. If using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2737 the @file{xauth} program has any effect, then you are probably using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2738 @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. Your site may be using a superior
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2739 authentication method; ask your system administrator.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2740
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2741 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2742 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2743 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2744 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2745 @emph{does not eliminate the risk}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2746
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2747 On most computers running Unix and X Windows, you enable and disable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2748 access using the @file{xhost} command. To allow all hosts access to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2749 your X server, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2750
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2751 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2752 xhost +
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2753 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2754
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2755 at the shell prompt, which (on an HP machine, at least) produces the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2756 following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2757
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2758 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2759 access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2760 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2761
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2762 To deny all hosts access to your X server (except those explicitly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2763 allowed by name), use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2764
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2765 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2766 xhost -
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2767 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2768
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2769 On the test HP computer, this command generated the following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2770
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2771 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2772 access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2773 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2774
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2775 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2776
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2777 @node Dired claims that no file is on this line, , Security risks with Emacs, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2778 @section Dired says, "no file on this line" when I try to do something.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2779 @cindex Dired does not see a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2780
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2781 Chances are you're using a localized version of Unix that doesn't use US
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2782 date format in dired listings. You can check this by looking at dired
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2783 listings or by typing @code{ls -l} to a shell and looking at the dates that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2784 come out.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2785
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2786 Dired uses a regular expression to find the beginning of a file name.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2787 In a long Unix-style directory listing ("ls -l"), the file name starts
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2788 after the date. The regexp has thus been written to look for the date,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2789 the format of which can vary on non-US systems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2790
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2791 There are two approaches to solving this. The first one involves
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2792 setting things up so that "ls -l" outputs US date format. This can be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2793 done by setting the locale. See your OS manual for more information.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2794
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2795 The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2796 dired, @code{dired-move-to-filename-regexp}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2797
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2798 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2799 @node Compiling and installing Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages, Bugs and problems, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2800 @chapter Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2801 @cindex Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2802
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2803 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2804 * Installing Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2805 * Updating Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2806 * Problems building Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2807 * Linking with -lX11 fails::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2808 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2809
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2810 @node Installing Emacs, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2811 @section How do I install Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2812 @cindex Installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2813 @cindex Unix systems, installing Emacs on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2814 @cindex Downloading and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2815 @cindex Retrieving and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2816 @cindex Building Emacs from source
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2817 @cindex Source code, building Emacs from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2818 @cindex Unpacking and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2819
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2820 This answer is meant for users of Unix and Unix-like systems. Users of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2821 other operating systems should see the series of questions beginning
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2822 with @ref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, which describe where to get non-Unix source
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2823 and binaries. These packages should come with installation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2824 instructions.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2825
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2826 For Unix and Unix-like systems, the easiest way is often to compile it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2827 from scratch. You will need:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2828
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2829 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2830
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2831 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2832 Emacs sources. @xref{Current GNU distributions} for a list of ftp sites
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2833 that make them available. On @file{ftp.gnu.org}, the main GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2834 distribution site, sources are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2835
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2836 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-20.4.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2837
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2838 The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2839 instance, when Emacs 20.5 is released, it will most probably be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2840 available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2841
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2842 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-20.5.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2843
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2844 Again, you should use one of the GNU mirror sites (@xref{Current GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2845 distributions} and adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2846 @file{ftp.gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2847
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2848 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2849 @code{gzip}, the GNU compression utility. You can get @code{gzip} via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2850 anonymous ftp at mirrors of @file{ftp.gnu.org} sites; it should compile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2851 and install without much trouble on most systems. Once you have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2852 retrieved the Emacs sources, you will probably be able to uncompress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2853 them with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2854
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2855 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2856 gunzip --verbose emacs-20.4.tar.gz
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2857 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2858
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2859 changing the Emacs version (20.4), as necessary. Once gunzip has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2860 finished doing its job, a file by the name of "emacs-20.4.tar" should
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2861 be in your build directory.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2862
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2863 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2864 @file{tar}, the "tape archiving" program, which moves multiple files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2865 into and out of archive files, or "tarfiles." All of the files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2866 comprising the Emacs source come in a single tarfile, and must be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2867 extracted using @file{tar} before you can build Emacs. Typically, the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2868 extraction command would look like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2869
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2870 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2871 tar -xvvf emacs-20.4.tar
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2872 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2873
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2874 The @samp{x} indicates that we want to extract files from this tarfile,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2875 the two @samp{v}s force verbose output, and the @samp{f} tells
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2876 @file{tar} to use a disk file, rather than one on tape.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2877
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2878 If you're using GNU @file{tar} (available at mirrors of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2879 @file{ftp.gnu.org}), you can combine this step and the previous one by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2880 using the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2881
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2882 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2883 tar -zxvvf emacs-20.4.tar.gz
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2884 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2885
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2886 The additional @samp{z} at the beginning of the options list tells GNU tar
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2887 to uncompress the file with gunzip before extracting the tarfile's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2888 components.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2889
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2890 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2891
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2892 At this point, the Emacs sources (all 25+ megabytes of them) should be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2893 sitting in a directory called @file{emacs-20.4}. On most common Unix and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2894 Unix-like systems, you should be able to compile Emacs (with X Windows
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2895 support) with the following commands:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2896
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2897 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2898 cd emacs-20.4 # change directory to emacs-20.4
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2899 ./configure # configure Emacs for your particular system
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2900 make # use Makefile to build components, then Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2901 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2902
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2903 If the @code{make} completes successfully, the odds are fairly good that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2904 the build has gone well. (@xref{Problems building Emacs} if you weren't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2905 successful.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2906
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2907 By default, Emacs is installed in the following directories:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2908
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2909 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2910
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2911 @item /usr/local/bin
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2912 binaries
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2913
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2914 @item /usr/local/share/emacs/20.xx
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2915 Lisp code and support files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2916
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2917 @item /usr/local/info
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2918 Info documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2919
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2920 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2921
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2922 To install files in those default directories, become the superuser and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2923 type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2924
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2925 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2926 make install
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2927 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2928
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2929 Note that @code{make install} will overwrite @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2930 and any Emacs Info files that might be in @file{/usr/local/info}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2931
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2932 Much more verbose instructions (with many more hints and suggestions)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2933 come with the Emacs sources, in the file @file{INSTALL}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2934
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2935 @node Updating Emacs, Problems building Emacs, Installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2936 @section How do I update Emacs to the latest version?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2937 @cindex Updating Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2938
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2939 @xref{Installing Emacs}, and follow the instructions there for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2940 installation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2941
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2942 Most files are placed in version-specific directories. Emacs 20.4, for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2943 instance, places files in @file{/usr/local/share/emacs/20.4}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2944
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2945 Upgrading should overwrite only, @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} (the Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2946 binary) and documentation in @file{/usr/local/info}. Back up these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2947 files before you upgrade, and you shouldn't have too much trouble.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2948
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2949 @node Problems building Emacs, Linking with -lX11 fails, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2950 @section What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2951 @cindex Problems building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2952 @cindex Errors when building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2953
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2954 First look in the file @file{PROBLEMS} (in the top-level directory when
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2955 you unpack the Emacs source) to see if there is already a solution for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2956 your problem. Next, look for other questions in this FAQ that have to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2957 do with Emacs installation and compilation problems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2958
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2959 If you'd like to have someone look at your problem and help solve it,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2960 @pxref{Help installing Emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2961
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2962 If you cannot find a solution in the documentation, send a message to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2963 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2964
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2965 Please do not post it to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} or send e-mail to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2966 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. For further guidelines,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2967 @pxref{Guidelines for newsgroup postings} and @ref{Reporting bugs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2968
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2969 @node Linking with -lX11 fails, , Problems building Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2970 @section Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2971 @cindex Linking with -lX11 fails
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2972 @cindex lX11, linking fails with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2973
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2974 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2975 @file{libX11.a}. This may be missing.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2976
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2977 Under OpenWindows, you may need to use "add_services" to add the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2978 "OpenWindows Programmers" optional software category from the CD-ROM.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2979
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2980 Under HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run "update" again to load the X11-PRG
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2981 "fileset". This may be missing even if you specified "all filesets" the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2982 first time. If @file{libcurses.a} is missing, you may need to load the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2983 "Berkeley Development Option."
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2984
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2985 @email{zoo@@armadillo.com, David Zuhn} says that MIT X builds shared
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2986 libraries by default, and only shared libraries, on those platforms that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2987 support them. These shared libraries can't be used when undumping
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2988 temacs (the last stage of the Emacs build process). To get regular
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2989 libraries in addition to shared libraries, add this to @file{site.cf}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2990
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2991 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2992 #define ForceNormalLib YES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2993 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2994
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2995 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2996 CANNOT_DUMP and link with the shared libraries instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2997
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2998 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2999 @file{liboldX.a}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3000
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3001 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3002 @node Finding Emacs and related packages, Major packages and programs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3003 @chapter Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3004 @cindex Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3005
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3006 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3007 * Finding Emacs on the Internet::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3008 * Finding a package with particular functionality::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3009 * Packages that do not come with Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3010 * Submitting to the Emacs Lisp Archive::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3011 * Current GNU distributions::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3012 * Difference between Emacs and XEmacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3013 * Emacs for MS-DOS::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3014 * Emacs for Windows::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3015 * Emacs for OS/2::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3016 * Emacs for Atari ST::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3017 * Emacs for the Amiga ::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3018 * Emacs for NeXTSTEP::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3019 * Emacs for Apple computers::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3020 * Emacs for VMS and DECwindows::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3021 * Modes for various languages::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3022 * Translating names to IP addresses::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3023 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3024
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3025 @node Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3026 @section Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3027 @cindex Finding Emacs on the Internet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3028 @cindex Snail mail, ordering Emacs via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3029 @cindex Postal service, ordering Emacs via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3030 @cindex Distribution, retrieving Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3031 @cindex Internet, retreiving from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3032
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3033 Look in the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for information
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3034 on nearby archive sites and @file{etc/ORDERS} for mail orders. If you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3035 don't already have Emacs, @pxref{Informational files for Emacs} for how
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3036 to get these files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3037
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3038 @xref{Installing Emacs} for information on how to obtain and build the latest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3039 version of Emacs, and @pxref{Current GNU distributions} for a list of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3040 archive sites that make GNU software available.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3041
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3042 @node Finding a package with particular functionality, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3043 @section How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3044 @cindex Package, finding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3045 @cindex Finding an Emacs Lisp package
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3046 @cindex Functionality, finding a particular package
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3047
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3048 First of all, you should check to make sure that the package isn't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3049 already available. For example, typing @kbd{M-x apropos @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3050 wordstar @key{RET}} lists all functions and variables containing the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3051 string @samp{wordstar}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3052
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3053 It is also possible that the package is on your system, but has not been
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3054 loaded. To see which packages are available for loading, look through
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3055 your computer's lisp directory (@pxref{Filename conventions}). The Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3056 source to most most packages contains a short description of how they
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3057 should be loaded, invoked, and configured --- so before you use or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3058 modify a Lisp package, see if the author has provided any hints in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3059 source code.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3060
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3061 If a package does not come with Emacs, check the Lisp Code Directory.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3062 The LCD was originally maintained by @email{brennan@@hal.com, Dave
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3063 Brennan}, but was recently taken over by @email{toby@@world.std.com,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3064 toby knudsen}, who maintains @uref{http://www.emacs.org}. The LCD is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3065 currently being reorganized and updated, but you can meanwhile find many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3066 packages at @uref{ftp://ftp.emacs.org/pub}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3067
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3068 For now, you can search through the LCD with @file{lispdir.el}, which is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3069 in the process of being updated. Download it from the LCD, in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3070 @file{emacs-lisp-attic/misc} directory, and then evaluate the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3071 Lisp form (@pxref{Evaluating Emacs Lisp code}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3072
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3073 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3074 (setq lisp-code-directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3075 "/anonymous@@ftp.emacs.org:pub/emacs-lisp-attic/emacs-lisp/LCD-datafile.gz"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3076 elisp-archive-host "ftp.emacs.org"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3077 elisp-archive-directory "/pub/emacs-lisp-attic/emacs-lisp/")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3078 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3079
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3080 Once you have installed @file{lispdir.el}, you can use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3081 lisp-dir-apropos} to search the listing. For example, @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3082 lisp-dir-apropos @key{RET} ange-ftp @key{RET}} produces this output:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3083
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3084 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3085 GNU Emacs Lisp Code Directory Apropos --- "ange-ftp"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3086 "~/" refers to archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:pub/elisp-archive/
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3087
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3088 ange-ftp (4.18) 15-Jul-1992
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3089 Andy Norman, <ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3090 ~/packages/ange-ftp.tar.Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3091 transparent FTP Support for GNU Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3092 auto-save (1.19) 01-May-1992
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3093 Sebastian Kremer, <sk@@thp.uni-koeln.de>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3094 ~/misc/auto-save.el.Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3095 Safer autosaving with support for ange-ftp and /tmp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3096 ftp-quik (1.0) 28-Jul-1993
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3097 Terrence Brannon, <tb06@@pl122f.eecs.lehigh.edu>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3098 ~/modes/ftp-quik.el.Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3099 Quik access to dired'ing of ange-ftp and normal paths
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3100 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3101
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3102 @node Packages that do not come with Emacs, Submitting to the Emacs Lisp Archive, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3103 @section Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3104 @cindex Unbundled packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3105 @cindex Finding other packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3106 @cindex Lisp packages that do not come with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3107 @cindex Packages, those that do not come with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3108 @cindex Emacs Lisp Archive, description of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3109 @cindex Archive, description of the Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3110
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3111 First, check the Lisp Code Directory to find the name of the package you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3112 are looking for (@pxref{Finding a package with particular
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3113 functionality}). Next, check local archives and the Emacs Lisp Archive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3114 to find a copy of the relevant files. If you still haven't found it,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3115 you can send e-mail to the author asking for a copy. If you find Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3116 Lisp code that doesn't appear in the LCD, please submit a copy to the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3117 LCD (@pxref{Submitting to the Emacs Lisp Archive}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3118
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3119 You can access the Emacs Lisp Archive at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3120
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3121 @uref{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3122
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3123 Retrieve and read the file @file{README} first.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3124
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3125 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3126
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3127 @item The archive maintainers do not have time to answer individual
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3128 requests for packages or the list of packages in the archive. If you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3129 cannot use FTP or UUCP to access the archive yourself, try to find a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3130 friend who can, but please don't ask the maintainers.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3131
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3132 @item Any files with names ending in @samp{.Z}, @samp{.z}, or @samp{.gz} are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3133 compressed, so you should use "binary" mode in FTP to retrieve them.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3134 You should also use binary mode whenever you retrieve any files with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3135 names ending in @samp{.elc}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3136
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3137 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3138
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3139 @node Submitting to the Emacs Lisp Archive, Current GNU distributions, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3140 @section How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3141 @cindex Submitting code to the Emacs Lisp Archive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3142 @cindex Emacs Lisp Archive, submissions to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3143 @cindex Lisp Archive, submissions to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3144 @cindex Archive, submitting to the Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3145
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3146 Guidelines and procedures for submission to the archive can be found in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3147 the file @file{GUIDELINES} in the archive directory (@ref{Packages that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3148 do not come with Emacs}). It covers documentation, copyrights,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3149 packaging, submission, and the Lisp Code Directory Record. Anonymous
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3150 FTP uploads are not permitted. Instead, all submissions are mailed to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3151 @email{elisp-archive@@cis.ohio-state.edu}. The @file{lispdir.el}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3152 package has a function named @code{submit-lcd-entry} which will help you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3153 with this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3154
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3155 @node Current GNU distributions, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Submitting to the Emacs Lisp Archive, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3156 @section Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3157 @cindex Current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3158 @cindex Sources for current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3159 @cindex Stuff, current GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3160 @cindex Up-to-date GNU stuff
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3161 @cindex Finding current GNU software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3162 @cindex Official GNU software sites
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3163
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3164 The most up-to-date official GNU software is normally kept at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3165
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3166 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3167
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3168 Read the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3169 information.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3170
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3171 A list of sites mirroring @samp{ftp.gnu.org} can be found at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3172
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3173 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3174
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3175 @node Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Emacs for MS-DOS, Current GNU distributions, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3176 @section What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly "Lucid Emacs")?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3177 @cindex XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3178 @cindex Difference Emacs and XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3179 @cindex Lucid Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3180 @cindex Epoch
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3181
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3182 First of all, they're both GNU Emacs. XEmacs is just as much a later
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3183 version of GNU Emacs as the FSF-distributed version. This FAQ refers to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3184 the latest version to be distributed by the FSF as "Emacs," partly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3185 because the XEmacs maintainers now refer to their product using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3186 "XEmacs" name, and partly because there isn't any accurate way to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3187 differentiate between the two without getting mired in paragraphs of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3188 legalese and history.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3189
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3190 XEmacs, which began life as Lucid Emacs, is based on an early version of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3191 Emacs 19 and Epoch, an X-aware version of Emacs 18.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3192
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3193 Emacs (i.e., the version distributed by the FSF) has a larger installed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3194 base, while XEmacs can do some clever tricks with X Windows, such as
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3195 putting arbitrary graphics in a buffer. Emacs and XEmacs each come with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3196 Lisp packages that are lacking in the other; RMS says that the FSF would
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3197 include more packages that come with XEmacs, but that the XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3198 maintainers don't always keep track of the authors of contributed code,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3199 which makes it impossible for the FSF to have certain legal papers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3200 signed. (Without these legal papers, the FSF will not distribute Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3201 packages with Emacs.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3202
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3203 Many XEmacs features have found their way into recent versions of Emacs,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3204 and more features can be expected in the future, but there are still many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3205 differences between the two.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3206
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3207 The latest version of XEmacs as of this writing is 21.1; you can get it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3208 at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3209
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3210 @uref{ftp://ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/current/xemacs-21.1.4.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3211
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3212 More information about XEmacs, including a list of frequently asked
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3213 questions (FAQ), is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3214
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3215 @uref{http://www.xemacs.org/faq/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3216
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3217 @node Emacs for MS-DOS, Emacs for Windows, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3218 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3219 @cindex MS-DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3220 @cindex DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3221 @cindex Compiling Emacs for DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3222 @cindex Emacs for MS-DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3223 @cindex Tools needed to compile Emacs under DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3224
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3225 A pre-built binary distribution of Emacs is available from the Simtel
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3226 archives. This version apparently works under MS-DOS and Windows (3.x,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3227 95, and NT) and supports long file names. More information is availble
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3228 from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3229
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3230 @uref{ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/emacs.README}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3231
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3232 The binary itself is available in the files em1934*.zip in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3233 directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3234
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3235 @uref{ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3236
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3237 If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you will need a 386 (or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3238 better) processor, and are running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. According to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3239 @email{eliz@@is.elta.co.il, Eli Zaretskii} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3240 @email{hankedr@@dms.auburn.edu, Darrel Hankerson}, you will need the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3241 following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3242
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3243 @table @emph
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3244
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3245 @item Compiler
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3246 djgpp version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp 2.0 or later is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3247 recommended, since 1.x is being phased out. Djgpp 2 supports
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3248 long filenames under Windows 95.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3249
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3250 You can get the latest release of djgpp by retrieving all of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3251 the files in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3252
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3253 @uref{ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3254
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3255 @item Gunzip and tar
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3256 The easiest way is to use "djtar" which comes with djgpp v2.x,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3257 because it can open gzip'ed tarfiles (i.e., those ending with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3258 ".tar.gz") in one step. Djtar comes in "djdev201.zip", from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3259 the URL mentioned above.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3260
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3261 @item make, mv, sed, and rm
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3262 All of these utilities are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3263
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3264 @uref{ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3265
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3266 16-bit utilities can be found in GNUish, at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3267
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3268 @uref{ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/gnuish}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3269
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3270 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3271
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3272 The files @file{INSTALL} and @file{PROBLEMS} in the top-level directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3273 of the Emacs source contains some additional information regarding Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3274 under MS-DOS.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3275
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3276 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3277 look-alikes), consult the list of "Emacs implementations and literature,"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3278 available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3279
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3280 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3281
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3282 Note that while many of these programs look similar to Emacs, they often
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3283 lack certain features, such as the Emacs Lisp extension language.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3284
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3285 @node Emacs for Windows, Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for MS-DOS, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3286 @section Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3287 @cindex FAQ for NT Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3288 @cindex Microsoft Windows, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3289 @cindex Windows NT, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3290 @cindex Windows '95 and '98, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3291
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3292 For information on Emacs for Windows 95 and NT, read the FAQ produced by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3293 @email{voelker@@cs.washington.edu, Geoff Voelker}, available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3294
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3295 @uref{http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/voelker/ntemacs.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3296
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3297 @xref{Emacs for MS-DOS} for Windows 3.1.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3298
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3299 @node Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for Windows, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3300 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3301 @cindex OS/2, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3302
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3303 Emacs 19.33 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1, and is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3304
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3305 @uref{ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/apps/editors/emacs/v19.33/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3306
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3307 @node Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for OS/2, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3308 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3309 @cindex Atari ST, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3310 @cindex TOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3311
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3312 Roland Schäuble reports that Emacs 18.58 running on plain TOS and MiNT
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3313 is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3314 @uref{ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Editors/Emacs-18-58/1858b-d3.zoo}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3315
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3316 @node Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Atari ST, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3317 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3318 @cindex Amiga, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3319
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3320 The files you need are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3321
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3322 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3323
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3324 @email{dgilbert@@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org, David Gilbert} has released a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3325 beta version of Emacs 19.25 for the Amiga. You can get the binary at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3326
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3327 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/a2.0bEmacs-bin.lha}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3328
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3329 @node Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for the Amiga , Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3330 @section Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3331 @cindex NeXTSTEP, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3332
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3333 Emacs.app is a NeXTSTEP version of Emacs 19.34 which supports colors,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3334 menus, and multiple frames. You can get it from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3335
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3336 @uref{ftp://next-ftp.peak.org/pub/next/apps/emacs/Emacs_for_NeXTstep.4.20a1.NIHS.b.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3337
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3338 @node Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3339 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3340 @cindex Apple computers, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3341
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3342 An unofficial port of GNU Emacs 18.59 to the Macintosh is available at a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3343 number of ftp sites, the home being
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3344 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.cornell.edu/pub/parmet/Emacs-1.17.sit.bin}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3345
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3346 To the best of our knowledge, Emacs 19 has not been ported to the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3347 Macintosh.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3348
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3349 Apple's forthcoming "OS X" is based largely on NeXTSTEP and OpenStep.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3350 @xref{Emacs for NeXTSTEP} for more details about that version.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3351
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3352 @node Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Modes for various languages, Emacs for Apple computers, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3353 @section Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3354 @cindex DECwindows, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3355 @cindex VMS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3356
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3357 Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3358 available at @uref{http://vms.gnu.org/}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3359
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3360 @node Modes for various languages, Translating names to IP addresses, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3361 @section Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, csh, C++, Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3362 @cindex Awk, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3363 @cindex @code{awk-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3364 @cindex Bison, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3365 @cindex Bourne Shell, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3366 @cindex C++, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3367 @cindex Java, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3368 @cindex Lex mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3369 @cindex Objective-C, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3370 @cindex @code{pascal-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3371 @cindex Shell mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3372 @cindex Yacc mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3373 @cindex @file{csh} mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3374 @cindex @code{sh-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3375 @cindex @code{cc-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3376
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3377 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3378 To get additional modes, look in the Lisp Code Directory (@pxref{Finding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3379 a package with particular functionality}). For C++, if you use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3380 @code{lisp-dir-apropos}, you must specify the pattern with something
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3381 like @kbd{M-x lisp-dir-apropos @key{RET} c\+\+ @key{RET}}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3382
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3383 Barry Warsaw's @code{cc-mode} now works for C, C++, Objective-C, and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3384 Java code. You can get the latest version from the Emacs Lisp Archive;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3385 @pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs} for details. A FAQ for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3386 @code{cc-mode} is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3387 @uref{http://www.python.org/emacs/cc-mode/}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3388
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3389 @node Translating names to IP addresses, , Modes for various languages, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3390 @section What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3391 @cindex Translating names to IP addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3392 @cindex IP addresses from names
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3393 @cindex Using BIND to translate addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3394 @cindex DNS and IP addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3395
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3396 If you are on a Unix machine, try using the @samp{nslookup} command,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3397 included in the Berkeley BIND package. For example, to find the IP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3398 address of @samp{ftp.gnu.org}, you would type @code{nslookup
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3399 ftp.gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3400
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3401 Your computer should then provide the IP address of that computer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3402
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3403 If your site's nameserver is deficient, you can use IP addresses to FTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3404 files. You can get this information by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3405
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3406 * E-mail:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3407
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3408 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3409 To: dns@@[134.214.84.25] (to grasp.insa-lyon.fr)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3410 Body: ip XXX.YYY.ZZZ (or "help" for more information
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3411 and options - no quotes)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3412 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3413
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3414 or:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3415
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3416 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3417 To: resolve@@[147.31.254.130] (to laverne.cs.widener.edu)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3418 Body: site XXX.YYY.ZZZ
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3419 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3420
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3421 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3422 @node Major packages and programs, Key bindings, Finding Emacs and related packages, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3423 @chapter Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3424 @cindex Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3425
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3426 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3427 * VM::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3428 * Supercite::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3429 * Calc::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3430 * VIPER::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3431 * AUC-TeX::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3432 * BBDB::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3433 * Ispell::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3434 * w3-mode::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3435 * EDB::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3436 * Mailcrypt::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3437 * JDE::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3438 * Patch::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3439 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3440
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3441 @node VM, Supercite, Major packages and programs, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3442 @section VM (View Mail) --- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3443 @cindex VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3444 @cindex Alternative mail software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3445 @cindex View Mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3446 @cindex E-mail reader, VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3447
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3448 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3449
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3450 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3451 @email{kyle@@uunet.uu.net, Kyle Jones}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3452
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3453 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3454 6.72
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3455
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3456 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3457 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/vm.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3458
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3459 @item Informational newsgroup/mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3460 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.info}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3461 Subscription requests to @email{info-vm-request@@uunet.uu.net}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3462 Submissions to @email{info-vm@@uunet.uu.net}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3463
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3464 @item Bug reports newsgroup/mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3465 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.bug}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3466 Subscription requests to @email{bug-vm-request@@uunet.uu.net}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3467 Submissions to @email{bug-vm@@uunet.uu.net}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3468 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3469
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3470 VM 6 works with Emacs 20.4, and may cause problems with Emacs 20.3 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3471 below. (Note that many people seem to use Emacs 20.3 with VM 6, without
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3472 any problems.) Risk-averse users might wish to try VM 5.97, available
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3473 from @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/, the same FTP site}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3475 @node Supercite, Calc, VM, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3476 @section Supercite --- mail and news citation package within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3477 @cindex Supercite
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3478 @cindex Superyank
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3479 @cindex Mail and news citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3480 @cindex News and mail citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3481 @cindex Citations in mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3482
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3483 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3484
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3485 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3486 @email{bwarsaw@@cen.com, Barry Warsaw}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3487
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3488 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3489 3.1 (comes with Emacs 20)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3490
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3491 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3492 @uref{http://www.python.org/emacs/supercite.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3493
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3494 @item Mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3495 Subscription requests to @email{supercite-request@@python.org}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3496 Submissions @email{supercite@@python.org}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3497
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3498 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3499
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3500 Superyank is an old version of Supercite.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3501
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3502 @node Calc, VIPER, Supercite, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3503 @section Calc --- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3504 @cindex Programmable calculator
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3505 @cindex Calc
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3506
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3507 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3508
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3509 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3510 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, Dave Gillespie}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3511
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3512 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3513 2.02f
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3514
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3515 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3516 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/calc/calc-2.02f.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3517
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3518 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3519
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3520 @node VIPER, AUC-TeX, Calc, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3521 @section VIPER --- vi emulation for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3522 @cindex vi emulation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3523 @cindex VIPER
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3524 @cindex Emulation of vi
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3525
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3526 Since Emacs 19.29, the preferred vi emulation in Emacs is VIPER
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3527 (@kbd{M-x viper-mode @key{RET}}), which comes with Emacs. It extends
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3528 and supersedes VIP (including VIP 4.3) and provides vi emulation at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3529 several levels, from one that closely follows vi to one that departs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3530 from vi in several significant ways.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3531
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3532 For Emacs 19.28 and earlier, the following version of VIP is generally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3533 better than the one distributed with Emacs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3534
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3535 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3536 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3537 @email{sane@@cs.uiuc.edu, Aamod Sane}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3538
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3539 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3540 4.3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3541
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3542 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3543 @uref{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3544
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3545 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3546
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3547 @node AUC-TeX, BBDB, VIPER, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3548 @section AUC TeX --- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3549 @cindex Mode for @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3550 @cindex @TeX{} mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3551 @cindex AUC-TeX mode for editing @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3552 @cindex Writing and debugging @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3553
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3554 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3555
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3556 @item Authors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3557 @email{krab@@iesd.auc.dk, Kresten Krab Thorup} and@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3558 @email{abraham@@iesd.auc.dk, Per Abrahamsen}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3559
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3560 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3561 9.9p
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3562
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3563 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3564 @uref{ftp://sunsite.auc.dk/packages/auctex/auctex.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3565
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3566 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3567 @uref{http://sunsite.auc.dk/auctex/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3568
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3569 @item Mailing list:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3570 Subscription requests to @email{auc-tex-request@@iesd.auc.dk}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3571 Submissions to @email{auc-tex@@iesd.auc.dk}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3572 Development team is at @email{auc-tex_mgr@@iesd.auc.dk}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3573
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3574 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3575
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3576 @node BBDB, Ispell, AUC-TeX, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3577 @section BBDB --- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3578 @cindex BBDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3579 @cindex Rolodex-like functionality
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3580 @cindex Integrated contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3581 @cindex Contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3582 @cindex Big Brother Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3583 @cindex Address book
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3584
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3585 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3586
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3587 @item Maintainer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3588 @email{simmonmt@@acm.org, Matt Simmons}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3589
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3590 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3591 2.00
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3592
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3593 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3594 @uref{http://www.netcom.com/~simmonmt/bbdb/index.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3595
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3596 @item Mailing lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3597 Subscription requests to @email{info-bbdb-request@@xemacs.org}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3598 Submissions to @email{info-bbdb@@xemacs.org}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3599 Release announcements: @email{bbdb-announce-request@@xemacs.org}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3600
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3601 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3602
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3603 @node Ispell, w3-mode, BBDB, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3604 @section Ispell --- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3605 @cindex Spell-checker
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3606 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3607 @cindex Ispell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3608
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3609 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3610
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3611 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3612 @email{geoff@@itcorp.com, Geoff Kuenning}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3613
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3614 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3615 3.1.20
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3616
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3617 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3618 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.ucla.edu/pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.20.tar.gz}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3619
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3620 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3621 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/ispell.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3622
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3623 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3624
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3625 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3626
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3627 @item Do not ask Geoff to send you the latest version of Ispell. He does not have free e-mail.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3628
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3629 @item This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU Ispell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3630 4.0 is no longer a supported product.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3631
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3632 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3633
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3634 @node w3-mode, EDB, Ispell, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3635 @section w3-mode --- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3636 @cindex WWW browser
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3637 @cindex Web browser
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3638 @cindex Browser in Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3639 @cindex @code{w3-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3640
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3641 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3642
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3643 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3644 @email{wmperry@@spry.com, Bill Perry}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3645
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3646 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3647 4.0pre.39
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3648
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3649 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3650 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/elisp/w3/w3.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3651
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3652 @item Mailing lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3653 Receive announcements from @email{w3-announce-request@@indiana.edu}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3654 Become a beta tester at @email{w3-beta-request@@indiana.edu}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3655 Help to develop @code{w3-mode} at @email{w3-dev@@indiana.edu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3656
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3657 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3658
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3659 @node EDB, Mailcrypt, w3-mode, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3660 @section EDB --- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3661 @cindex EDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3662 @cindex Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3663 @cindex Forms mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3664
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3665 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3666 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3667 @email{mernst@@theory.lcs.mit.edu, Michael Ernst}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3668
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3669 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3670 1.21
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3671
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3672 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3673 @uref{ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3674
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3675 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3676
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3677 @node Mailcrypt, JDE, EDB, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3678 @section Mailcrypt --- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3679 @cindex PGP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3680 @cindex GPG
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3681 @cindex Interface to PGP from Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3682 @cindex News, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3683 @cindex Mail, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3684 @cindex Encryption software, interface to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3685
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3686 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3687
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3688 @item Authors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3689 @email{patl@@lcs.mit.edu, Patrick J. LoPresti} and @email{jin@@atype.com, Jin S. Choi}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3690
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3691 @item Maintainer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3692 @email{lbudney@@pobox.com, Len Budney}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3693
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3694 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3695 3.5.3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3696
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3697 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3698 @uref{http://www.nb.net/~lbudney/linux/software/mailcrypt/mailcrypt-3.5.3.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3699
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3700 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3701 @uref{http://www.nb.net/~lbudney/linux/software/mailcrypt.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3702
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3703 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3704
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3705 @node JDE, Patch, Mailcrypt, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3706 @section JDE --- Integrated development environment for Java
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3707 @cindex Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3708 @cindex Integrated Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3709 @cindex JDE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3710
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3711 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3712
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3713 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3714 @email{paulk@@mathworks.com, Paul Kinnucan}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3715
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3716 @item Mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3717 jde-subscribe@@sunsite.auc.dk
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3718
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3719 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3720 2.1.1
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3721
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3722 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3723 @uref{http://sunsite.auc.dk/jde/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3724
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3725 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3726
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3727 @node Patch, , JDE, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3728 @section Patch --- program to apply "diffs" for updating files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3729 @cindex Updating files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3730 @cindex Patching source files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3731 @cindex Diffs and patching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3732 @cindex @file{patch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3733
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3734 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3735
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3736 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3737 @email{lwall@@wall.org, Larry Wall} (with GNU modifications)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3738
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3739 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3740 2.5
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3741
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3742 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3743 @xref{Current GNU distributions}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3744
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3745 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3746
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3747 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3748 @node Key bindings, Alternate character sets, Major packages and programs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3749 @chapter Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3750 @cindex Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3751
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3752 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3753 * Binding keys to commands::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3754 * Invalid prefix characters::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3755 * Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3756 * Using function keys under X::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3757 * Working with function and arrow keys::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3758 * X key translations for Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3759 * Handling C-s and C-q with flow control::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3760 * Binding C-s and C-q::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3761 * Backspace invokes help::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3762 * stty and Backspace key::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3763 * Swapping keys::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3764 * Producing C-XXX with the keyboard::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3765 * No Meta key::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3766 * No Escape key::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3767 * Compose Character::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3768 * Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3769 * Meta key does not work in xterm::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3770 * ExtendChar key does not work as Meta::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3771 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3772
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3773 @node Binding keys to commands, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3774 @section How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3775 @cindex Binding keys to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3776 @cindex Keys, binding to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3777 @cindex Commands, binding keys to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3778
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3779 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3780 @file{.emacs} file. To interactively bind keys for all modes, type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3781 @kbd{M-x global-set-key @key{RET} KEY CMD @key{RET}}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3782
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3783 To bind a key just in the current major mode, type @kbd{M-x local-set-key @key{RET} KEY CMD @key{RET}}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3784
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3785 See @inforef{Key Bindings, Key Bindings, emacs} for further details.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3786
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3787 To bind keys on starting Emacs or on starting any given mode, use the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3788 following "trick": First bind the key interactively, then immediately
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3789 type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC} C-a C-k C-g}. Now, the command needed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3790 to bind the key is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3791 @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is global, no changes to the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3792 command are required. For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3793
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3794 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3795 (global-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3796 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3797
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3798 can be placed directly into the @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3799 local, the command is used in conjunction with the "add-hook" command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3800 For example, in tex-mode, a local binding might be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3801
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3802 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3803 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3804 (function (lambda ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3805 (local-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help)))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3806 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3807
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3808
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3809 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3810
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3811 @item Control characters in key sequences, in the form yanked from the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3812 kill ring are given in their graphic form --- i.e., @key{CTRL} is shown
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3813 as @samp{^}, @key{TAB} as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3814 want to convert these into their vector or string forms.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3815
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3816 @item If a prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is already
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3817 bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before the new
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3818 binding. For example, if "ESC @{" is previously bound:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3819
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3820 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3821 (global-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3822 (local-unset-key [?\e ?@{])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3823 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3824
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3825 @item Aside from commands and "lambda lists," a vector or string also
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3826 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3827
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3828 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3829 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3830 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3831 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3832
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3833 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3834
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3835 @node Invalid prefix characters, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Binding keys to commands, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3836 @section Why does Emacs say "Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3837 @cindex Prefix characters, invalid
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3838 @cindex Invalid prefix characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3839 @cindex Misspecified key sequences
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3840
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3841 Usually, one of two things has happened. In one case, the control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3842 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. @samp{C-f}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3843 used instead of @samp{\C-f} within a Lisp expression). In the other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3844 case, a "prefix key" in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3845 was already bound as a "complete key." Historically, the @samp{ESC [}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3846 prefix was usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3847 of these forms before attempting to bind the key sequence:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3848
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3849 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3850 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3851 (global-unset-key "\e[")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3852 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3853
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3854 @node Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Using function keys under X, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3855 @section Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my @file{.emacs} file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3856 @cindex Terminal setup code in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3857
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3858 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3859 order. If some of the code executed in your @file{.emacs} file needs to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3860 be postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3861 been executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3862 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3863
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3864 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3865 window-system setup, treat the code as a "lambda list" and set the value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3866 of either the @code{term-setup-hook} or @code{window-setup-hook}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3867 variable to this "lambda function." For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3868
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3869 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3870 (setq term-setup-hook
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3871 (function
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3872 (lambda ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3873 (cond ((string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3874 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3875 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3876 ))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3877 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3878
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3879 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3880 @file{lisp/startup.el} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3881
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3882 @node Using function keys under X, Working with function and arrow keys, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3883 @section How do I use function keys under X Windows?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3884 @cindex Function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3885 @cindex X Windows and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3886 @cindex Binding function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3887
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3888 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. @xref{Binding keys to commands} for details.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3889
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3890 @node Working with function and arrow keys, X key translations for Emacs, Using function keys under X, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3891 @section How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys emit?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3892 @cindex Working with arrow keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3893 @cindex Arrow keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3894 @cindex Working with function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3895 @cindex Function keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3896 @cindex Symbols generated by function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3897
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3898 Type @kbd{C-h c} then the function or arrow keys. The command will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3899 return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3900 Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3901 keys as well.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3902
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3903 @node X key translations for Emacs, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Working with function and arrow keys, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3904 @section How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3905 @cindex X key translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3906 @cindex Key translations under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3907 @cindex Translations for keys under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3908
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3909 Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3910 "translations" to be set. (We aren't sure how to set such translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3911 if you do build Emacs with Xt; please let us know if you've done this!)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3912
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3913 The only way to affect the behavior of keys within Emacs is through
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3914 "xmodmap" (outside Emacs) or @code{define-key} (inside Emacs). The
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3915 @code{define-key} command should be used in conjunction with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3916 @code{function-key-map} map. For instance,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3917
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3918 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3919 (define-key function-key-map [M-@key{TAB}] [?\M-\t])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3920 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3921
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3922 defines the @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} key sequence.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3923
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3924 @node Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q, X key translations for Emacs, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3925 @section How do I handle @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} being used for flow control?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3926 @cindex Flow control, @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3927 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with flow control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3928
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3929 @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3930 This messes things up when you're using Emacs, because Emacs binds these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3931 keys to commands by default. Because Emacs won't honor them as flow
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3932 control characters, too many of these characters are not passed on and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3933 overwhelm output buffers. Sometimes, intermediate software using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3934 XON/XOFF flow control will prevent Emacs from ever seeing @kbd{C-s} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3935 @kbd{C-q}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3936
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3937 Possible solutions:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3938
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3939 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3940
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3941 @item Disable the use of @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3942
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3943 You need to determine the cause of the flow control.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3944
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3945 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3946
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3947 @item your terminal
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3948
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3949 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3950 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3951 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3952 example, on a VT220 you may select "No XOFF" in the setup menu. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3953 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3954
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3955 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3956 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3957 logged in to or at some terminal server in between.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3958
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3959 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3960 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3961 this problem by modifying the "termcap" entry for your terminal to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3962 include extra NUL padding characters.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3963
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3964 @item a modem
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3965
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3966 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3967 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3968
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3969 @item a router or terminal server
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3970
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3971 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3972 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3973 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3974 network experts for help with this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3975
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3976 @item tty and/or pty devices
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3977
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3978 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple tty and/or pty
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3979 devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it is not
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3980 necessary.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3981
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3982 @email{eirik@@theory.tn.cornell.edu, Eirik Fuller} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3983
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3984 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3985 Some versions of "rlogin" (and possibly telnet) do not pass flow
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3986 control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3987 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3988 control on the local system. Sometimes "rlogin -8" will avoid this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3989 problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3990
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3991 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3992 (the one running rlogin, not the one running rlogind) using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3993 stty command, before starting the rlogin process. On many systems,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3994 @samp{stty start u stop u} will do this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3995
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3996 Some versions of @samp{tcsh} will prevent even this from working. One
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3997 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3998 and issue the @samp{stty} command to disable flow control from that shell.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3999 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4000
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4001 Use @samp{stty -ixon} instead of @samp{stty start u stop u} on some systems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4002
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4003 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4004
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4005 @item Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4006
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4007 You can make Emacs treat @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} as flow control characters by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4008 evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4009
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4010 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4011 (enable-flow-control)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4012 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4013
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4014 to unconditionally enable flow control or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4015
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4016 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4017 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4018 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4019
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4020 (using your terminal names instead of @samp{vt100} or @samp{h19}) to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4021 enable selectively. These commands will automatically swap @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4022 and @kbd{C-q} to @kbd{C-\} and @kbd{C-^}. Variables can be used to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4023 change the default swap keys (@code{flow-control-c-s-replacement} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4024 @code{flow-control-c-q-replacement}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4025
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4026 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4027 @file{.emacs} file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4028 best place to put it is in the @file{lisp/site-start.el} file. Putting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4029 this form in @file{lisp/default.el} has the problem that if the user's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4030 @file{.emacs} file has an error, this will prevent
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4031 @file{lisp/default.el} from being loaded and Emacs may be unusable for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4032 the user, even for correcting their @file{.emacs} file (unless they're
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4033 smart enough to move it to another name).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4034
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4035 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4036
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4037 For further discussion of this issue, read the file @file{PROBLEMS} (in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4038 the top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4039
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4040 @node Binding C-s and C-q, Backspace invokes help, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4041 @section How do I bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} (or any key) if these keys are filtered out?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4042 @cindex Binding @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4043 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, binding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4044
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4045 To bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, use either @code{enable-flow-control}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4046 or @sc{enable-flow-control-on}. @xref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4047 control} for usage and implementation details.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4048
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4049 To bind other keys, use @code{keyboard-translate}. @xref{Swapping keys}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4050 for usage details. To do this for an entire site, you should swap the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4051 keys in @file{lisp/site-start.el}. @xref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4052 control} for an explanation of why @file{lisp/default.el} should not be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4053 used.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4054
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4055 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4056
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4057 @item If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4058 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4059 actually behaves.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4060
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4061 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4062
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4063 @node Backspace invokes help, stty and Backspace key, Binding C-s and C-q, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4064 @section Why does the @key{Backspace} key invoke help?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4065 @cindex Backspace key invokes help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4066 @cindex Help invoked by Backspace
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4067
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4068 The @key{Backspace} key (on most keyboards) generates ASCII code 8.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4069 @kbd{C-h} sends the same code. In Emacs by default @kbd{C-h} invokes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4070 help-command. This is intended to be easy to remember since the first
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4071 letter of @samp{help} is @samp{h}. The easiest solution to this problem
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4072 is to use @kbd{C-h} (and @key{Backspace}) for help and @key{DEL} (the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4073 @key{Delete} key) for deleting the previous character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4074
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4075 For many people this solution may be problematic:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4076
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4077 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4078
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4079 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4080 They normally use @key{Backspace} outside of Emacs for deleting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4081 previous character. This can be solved by making @key{DEL} the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4082 for deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. On many Unix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4083 systems, this command will remap @key{DEL}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4084
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4085 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4086 stty erase `^?'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4087 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4088
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4089 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4090 The person may prefer using the @key{Backspace} key for deleting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4091 previous character because it is more conveniently located on their
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4092 keyboard or because they don't even have a separate Delete key. In
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4093 this case, the @key{Backspace} key should be made to behave like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4094 @key{Delete}. There are several methods.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4095
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4096 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4097 Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) allow the character generated
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4098 by the @key{Backspace} key to be changed from a setup menu.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4099
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4100 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4101 You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4102
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4103 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4104 Under X or on a dumb terminal, it is possible to swap the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4105 @key{Backspace} and @key{Delete} keys inside Emacs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4106
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4107 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4108 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4109 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4110
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4111 @xref{Swapping keys} for further details of "keyboard-translate".
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4112
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4113 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4114 Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on @kbd{C-x h}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4115 instead:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4116
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4117 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4118 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4119
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4120 ;;; overrides mark-whole-buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4121 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4122 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4123
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4124 Other popular key bindings for help are @kbd{M-?} and @kbd{C-x ?}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4125
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4126 Don't try to bind @key{DEL} to @code{help-command}, because there are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4127 many modes that have local bindings of @key{DEL} that will interfere.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4128
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4129 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4130
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4131 @node stty and Backspace key, Swapping keys, Backspace invokes help, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4132 @section Why doesn't Emacs look at the @file{stty} settings for @key{Backspace} vs. @key{Delete}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4133 @cindex @file{stty} and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4134 @cindex Backspace and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4135 @cindex Delete and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4136
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4137 Good question!
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4138
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4139 @node Swapping keys, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, stty and Backspace key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4140 @section How do I swap two keys?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4141 @cindex Swapping keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4142 @cindex Keys, swapping
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4143 @cindex @code{keyboard-translate}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4144
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4145 In Emacs 19, you can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4146 @code{keyboard-translate} function. For example, to turn @kbd{C-h} into
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4147 @key{DEL} and @key{DEL} to @kbd{C-h}, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4148
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4149 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4150 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4151 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4152 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4153
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4154 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4155 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4156 keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4157
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4158 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4159 Emacs contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4160 there is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4161 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4162 take place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4163 looked up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4164 translation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4165
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4166 @inforef{Keyboard Translations, Keyboard Translations, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4167
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4168 @node Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, No Meta key, Swapping keys, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4169 @section How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4170 @cindex Producing control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4171 @cindex Generating control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4172 @cindex Control characters, generating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4173
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4174 On terminals (but not under X), some common "aliases" are:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4175
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4176 @table @asis
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4177
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4178 @item @kbd{C-2} or @kbd{C-@key{SPC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4179 @kbd{C-@@}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4180
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4181 @item @kbd{C-6}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4182 @kbd{C-^}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4183
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4184 @item @kbd{C-7} or @kbd{C-S--}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4185 @kbd{C-_}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4186
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4187 @item @kbd{C-4}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4188 @kbd{C-\}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4189
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4190 @item @kbd{C-5}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4191 @kbd{C-]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4192
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4193 @item @kbd{C-/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4194 @kbd{C-?}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4195
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4196 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4197
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4198 Often other aliases exist; use the @kbd{C-h c} command and try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4199 @key{CTRL} with all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4200 generated. You can also try the @kbd{C-h w} command if you know the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4201 name of the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4202
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4203 @node No Meta key, No Escape key, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4204 @section What if I don't have a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4205 @cindex No @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4206 @cindex @key{Meta} key, what to do if you lack it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4207
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4208 Instead of typing @kbd{M-a}, you can type @kbd{@key{ESC} a}. In fact,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4209 Emacs converts @kbd{M-a} internally into @kbd{@key{ESC} a} anyway
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4210 (depending on the value of @code{meta-prefix-char}). Note that you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4211 press @key{Meta} and @key{a} together, while you press @kbd{ESC},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4212 release it, and then press @key{a}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4213
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4214 @node No Escape key, Compose Character, No Meta key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4215 @section What if I don't have an @key{Escape} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4216 @cindex No Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4217 @cindex Lacking an Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4218 @cindex Escape key, lacking
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4219
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4220 Type @kbd{C-[} instead. This should send ASCII code 27 just like an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4221 Escape key would. @kbd{C-3} may also work on some terminal (but not
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4222 under X). For many terminals (notably DEC terminals) @key{F11}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4223 generates @key{ESC}. If not, the following form can be used to bind it:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4224
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4225 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4226 ;;; F11 is the documented ESC replacement on DEC terminals.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4227 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4228 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4229
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4230 @node Compose Character, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, No Escape key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4231 @section Can I make my @key{Compose Character} key behave like a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4232 @cindex @key{Compose Character} key, using as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4233 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{Compose Character} for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4234
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4235 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4236 VT220 clones could have their @key{Compose} key configured this way. If
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4237 you're using X, you might be able to do this with the @file{xmodmap} program.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4238
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4239 @node Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Meta key does not work in xterm, Compose Character, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4240 @section How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4241 @cindex Modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4242 @cindex Function keys and modifiers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4243 @cindex Binding modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4244
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4245 With Emacs 19 you can represent modified function keys in vector format
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4246 by adding prefixes to the function key symbol. For example (from the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4247 on-line documentation):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4248
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4249 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4250 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4251 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4252
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4253 where @samp{?\C-x} is the Lisp character constant for the character @kbd{C-x}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4254
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4255 You can use the modifier keys @key{Control}, @key{Meta}, @key{Hyper},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4256 @key{Super}, @key{Alt}, and @key{Shift} with function keys. To
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4257 represent these modifiers, prepend the strings @samp{C-}, @samp{M-},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4258 @samp{H-}, @samp{s-}, @samp{A-}, and @samp{S-} to the symbol name. Here
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4259 is how to make @kbd{H-M-RIGHT} move forward a word:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4260
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4261 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4262 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4263 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4264
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4265 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4266
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4267 @item Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. @key{Hyper},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4268 @key{Super}, and @key{Alt} are available only under X (provided there
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4269 are such keys). Non-ASCII keys and mouse events (e.g. @kbd{C-=} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4270 @kbd{mouse-1}) also fall under this category.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4271
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4272 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4273
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4274 @xref{Binding keys to commands} for general key binding instructions.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4275
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4276 @node Meta key does not work in xterm, ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4277 @section Why doesn't my @key{Meta} key work in an xterm window?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4278 @cindex @key{Meta} key and xterm
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4279 @cindex Xterm and @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4280
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4281 Try all of these methods before asking for further help:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4282
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4283 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4284
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4285 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4286 You may have big problems using @file{mwm} as your window manager.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4287 (Does anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4288 @key{Meta} key in Emacs with @file{mwm}?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4289
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4290 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4291 For X11: Make sure it really is a @key{Meta} key. Use @file{xev} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4292 find out what keysym your @key{Meta} key generates. It should be either
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4293 @key{Meta}_L or @key{Meta}_R. If it isn't, use @file{xmodmap} to fix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4294 the situation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4295
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4296 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4297 Make sure the pty the xterm is using is passing 8 bit characters.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4298 @samp{stty -a} (or @samp{stty everything}) should show @samp{cs8} somewhere.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4299 If it shows @samp{cs7} instead, use @samp{stty cs8 -istrip} (or @samp{stty
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4300 pass8}) to fix it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4301
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4302 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4303 If there is an rlogin connection between the xterm and the Emacs, the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4304 "-8" argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4305 of every character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4306
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4307 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4308 If the Emacs is running under Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4309 @code{(set-input-mode t nil)} helps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4310
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4311 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4312 If all else fails, you can make xterm generate @kbd{@key{ESC} W} when
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4313 you type @kbd{M-W}, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4314 got the @kbd{M-W} anyway. In X11R4, the following resource
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4315 specification will do this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4316
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4317 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4318 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4319 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4320
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4321 (This changes the behavior of the @code{insert-eight-bit} action.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4322
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4323 With older xterms, you can specify this behavior with a translation:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4324
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4325 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4326 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4327 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4328 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4329
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4330 You might have to replace @samp{Meta} with @samp{Alt}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4331
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4332 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4333
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4334 @node ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, , Meta key does not work in xterm, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4335 @section Why doesn't my @key{ExtendChar} key work as a @key{Meta} key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4336 @cindex @key{ExtendChar} key as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4337 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{ExtendChar} for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4338
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4339 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4340 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4341 XLookupString returns the same result regardless of the @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4342 state which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs is fixed, the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4343 temporary kludge is to run this command after each time the X server is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4344 started but preferably before any xterm clients are:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4345
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4346 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4347 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4348 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4349
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4350 This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which may be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4351 undesirable if you actually intend to use them.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4352
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4353 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4354 @node Alternate character sets, Mail and news, Key bindings, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4355 @chapter Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4356 @cindex Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4357
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4358 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4359 * Emacs does not display 8-bit characters::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4360 * Inputting eight-bit characters::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4361 * Kanji and Chinese characters::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4362 * Right-to-left alphabets::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4363 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4364
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4365 @node Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4366 @section How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4367 @cindex Displaying eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4368 @cindex Eight-bit characters, displaying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4369
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4370 Emacs 19 has built-in support for eight-bit characters. See
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4371 @inforef{European Display, European Display, emacs}, from which this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4372 excerpt is taken:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4373
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4374 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4375 Some European languages use accented letters and other special symbols.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4376 The ISO 8859 Latin-1 character set defines character codes for many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4377 European languages in the range 160 to 255.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4378
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4379 Emacs can display those characters according to Latin-1, provided the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4380 terminal or font in use supports them. The @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4381 standard-display-european} command toggles European character display
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4382 mode. With a numeric argument, @kbd{M-x standard-display-european}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4383 enables European character display if and only if the argument is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4384 positive.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4385
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4386 Some operating systems let you specify the language you are using by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4387 setting a locale. Emacs handles one common special case of this: if
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4388 your locale name for character types contains the string "8859-1" or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4389 "88591", Emacs automatically enables European character display mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4390 when it starts up.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4391 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4392
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4393 @node Inputting eight-bit characters, Kanji and Chinese characters, Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4394 @section How do I input eight-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4395 @cindex Entering eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4396 @cindex Eight-bit characters, entering
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4397
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4398 @inforef{European Display, European Display, emacs}, from which this is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4399 taken:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4400
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4401 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4402 If you enter non-ASCII ISO Latin-1 characters often, you might find ISO
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4403 Accents mode convenient. When this minor mode is enabled, @key{`},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4404 @key{'}, @key{"}, @key{^}, @key{/} and @key{~} modify the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4405 letter by adding the corresponding diacritical mark to it, if possible.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4406 To enable or disable ISO Accents mode, use the command @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4407 iso-accents-mode}. This command affects only the current buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4408
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4409 To enter one of those six special characters, type the character,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4410 followed by a space. Some of those characters have a corresponding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4411 "dead key" accent character in the ISO Latin-1 character set; to enter
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4412 that character, type the corresponding ASCII character twice. For
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4413 example, @kbd{''} enters the Latin-1 character acute-accent (character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4414 code 0264).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4415 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4416
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4417 @node Kanji and Chinese characters, Right-to-left alphabets, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4418 @section Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other character sets?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4419 @cindex Kanji, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4420 @cindex Chinese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4421 @cindex Japanese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4422 @cindex Korean, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4423
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4424 Emacs 20 now includes many of the features of MULE, the Multilingual
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4425 Enhancement of Emacs. @xref{Installing Emacs} for information on where
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4426 to find and download Emacs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4427
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4428 @node Right-to-left alphabets, , Kanji and Chinese characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4429 @section Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4430 @cindex Right-to-left alphabets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4431 @cindex Hebrew, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4432 @cindex Semitic alphabets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4433
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4434 Emacs 20 supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not yet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4435 support right-to-left character entry.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4436
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4437 @email{joel@@exc.com, Joel M. Hoffman} has written a Lisp package called
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4438 @file{hebrew.el} that allows right-to-left editing of Hebrew. It
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4439 reportedly works out of the box with Emacs 19, but requires patches for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4440 Emacs 18. Write to Joel if you want the patches or package.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4441
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4442 @file{hebrew.el} requires a Hebrew screen font, but no other Hardware support.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4443 Joel has a screen font for PCs running MS-DOS and Linux.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4444
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4445 You might also try to query archie for files named with "hebrew";
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4446 several ftp sites in Israel may also have the necessary files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4447
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4448 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4449 @node Mail and news, Concept index, Alternate character sets, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4450 @chapter Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4451 @cindex Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4452
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4453 @menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4454 * Changing the included text prefix::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4455 * Saving a copy of outgoing mail::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4456 * Expanding aliases when sending mail::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4457 * Rmail thinks all messages are one big one::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4458 * Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4459 * Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4460 * Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4461 * Replying to the sender of a message::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4462 * MIME with Emacs mail packages::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4463 * Automatically starting a mail or news reader::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4464 * Reading news with Emacs::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4465 * Gnus does not work with NNTP::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4466 * Viewing articles with embedded underlining::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4467 * Saving a multi-part Gnus posting::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4468 * Starting Gnus faster::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4469 * Catching up in all newsgroups::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4470 * Killing based on nonstandard headers::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4471 * Removing flashing messages::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4472 * Catch-up is slow in Gnus::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4473 * Gnus hangs for a long time::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4474 * Learning more about Gnus::
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4475 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4476
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4477 @node Changing the included text prefix, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4478 @section How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4479 @cindex Prefix in mail/news followups, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4480 @cindex Included text prefix, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4481 @cindex Setting the included text character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4482
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4483 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4484 @code{mail-yank-prefix}. For VM, set @code{vm-included-text-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4485 For mh-e, set @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4486
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4487 For fancier control of citations, use Supercite. @xref{Supercite}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4488
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4489 To prevent Emacs from including various headers of the replied-to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4490 message, set the value of @code{mail-yank-ignored-headers} to an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4491 appropriate regexp.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4492
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4493 @node Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Changing the included text prefix, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4494 @section How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4495 @cindex Saving a copy of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4496 @cindex Copying outgoing mail to a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4497 @cindex Filing outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4498 @cindex Automatic filing of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4499 @cindex Mail, saving outgoing automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4500
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4501 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a @samp{BCC} header in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4502 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4503 including an @samp{FCC} header.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4504
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4505 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a @samp{BCC} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4506 yourself by putting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4507
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4508 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4509 (setq mail-self-blind t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4510 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4511
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4512 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can automatically include an "FCC:" field by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4513 putting something like the following in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4514
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4515 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4516 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing"))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4517 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4518
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4519 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4520 by VM, but not always by Rmail. @xref{Learning how to do something}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4521
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4522 If you use @code{mh-e}, add an @samp{FCC} or @samp{BCC} field to your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4523 components file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4524
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4525 It does not work to put "set record filename" in the @file{.mailrc}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4526 file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4527
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4528 @node Expanding aliases when sending mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4529 @section Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4530 @cindex Expanding aliases when sending mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4531 @cindex Mail alias expansion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4532 @cindex Sending mail with aliases
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4533
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4534 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4535
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4536 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4537 You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4538 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4539 like this one:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4540
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4541 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4542 To: Willy Smith <wks@@xpnsv.lwyrs.com>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4543 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4544
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4545 However, you do not need to --- and probably should not, unless your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4546 system's version of @file{/usr/ucb/mail} (aka mailx) supports RFC822
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4547 -- separate addresses with commas in your @file{~/.mailrc} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4548
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4549 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4550 Emacs normally only reads the @file{.mailrc} file once per session,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4551 when you start to compose your first mail message. If you edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4552 .mailrc, you can type @kbd{M-x rebuild-mail-abbrevs @key{RET}} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4553 make Emacs reread @file{~/.mailrc}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4554
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4555 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4556 If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4557 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4558
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4559 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4560 (add-hook 'mail-setup-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4561 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4562
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4563 Note that the aliases are expanded automatically only after you type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4564 @key{RET} or a punctuation character (e.g. @kbd{,}). You can force their
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4565 expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing @kbd{C-x a e}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4566 @kbd{M-x expand-abbrev}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4567 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4568
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4569 @node Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4570 @section Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4571 @cindex Rmail thinks all messages are one large message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4572
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4573 A file created through the @samp{FCC} field in a message is in Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4574 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4575 to convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4576 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4577 @file{saved-messages} file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4578 function @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4579
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4580 @node Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4581 @section How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4582 @cindex Rmail, sorting messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4583 @cindex Folder, sorting messages in an Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4584 @cindex Sorting messages in an Rmail folder
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4585
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4586 In Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-s C-h} to get a list of sorting functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4587 and their key bindings.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4588
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4589 @node Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4590 @section Why does Rmail need to write to @file{/usr/spool/mail}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4591 @cindex Rmail and @file{/usr/spool/mail}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4592 @cindex @file{/usr/spool/mail} and Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4593
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4594 This is the behavior of the @file{movemail} program which Rmail uses.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4595 This indicates that @file{movemail} is configured to use lock files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4596
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4597 RMS writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4598
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4599 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4600 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4601 On these systems, @file{movemail} must write lock files, or you risk losing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4602 mail. You simply must arrange to let @file{movemail} write them.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4603
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4604 Other systems use the flock system call to interlock access. On these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4605 systems, you should configure @file{movemail} to use @code{flock}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4606 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4607
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4608 @node Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Replying to the sender of a message, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4609 @section How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4610 @cindex Recovering munged mail files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4611 @cindex Rmail munged my files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4612 @cindex Mail files, recovering those munged by Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4613
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4614 If you have just done @code{rmail-input} on a file and you don't want to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4615 save it in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4616 @kbd{C-x k}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4617
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4618 If you typed @kbd{M-x rmail} and it read some messages out of your inbox
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4619 and you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use @kbd{C-o} on each
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4620 message.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4621
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4622 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4623 format, use the command @kbd{M-x unrmail}: it will prompt you for the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4624 input and output file names.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4625
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4626 @node Replying to the sender of a message, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4627 @section How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the other recipients?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4628 @cindex Replying only to the sender of a message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4629 @cindex Sender, replying only to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4630 @cindex Rmail, replying to the sender of a message in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4631
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4632 @email{isaacson@@seas.upenn.edu, Ron Isaacson} says: When you hit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4633 @key{r} to reply in Rmail, by default it CCs all of the original
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4634 recipients (everyone on the original @samp{To} and @samp{CC}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4635 lists). With a prefix argument (i.e., typing @kbd{C-u} before @key{r}),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4636 it replies only to the sender. However, going through the whole
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4637 @kbd{C-u} business every time you want to reply is a pain. This is the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4638 best fix I've been able to come up with:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4639
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4640 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4641 (defun rmail-reply-t ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4642 "Reply only to the sender of the current message. (See rmail-reply.)"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4643 (interactive)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4644 (rmail-reply t))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4645
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4646 (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4647 '(lambda ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4648 (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4649 (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply)))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4650 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4651
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4652 @node MIME with Emacs mail packages, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Replying to the sender of a message, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4653 @section How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4654 @cindex MIME and Emacs mail packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4655 @cindex Mail packages and MIME
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4656 @cindex FAQ for MIME and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4657
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4658 Read the Emacs MIME FAQ, maintained by @email{trey@@cs.berkeley.edu,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4659 MacDonald Hall Jackson} at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4660
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4661 @uref{http://bmrc.berkeley.edu/~trey/emacs/mime.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4662
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4663 Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. @xref{VM}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4664
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4665 @node Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Reading news with Emacs, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4666 @section How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4667 @cindex Mail reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4668 @cindex News reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4669 @cindex Starting mail/news reader automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4670
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4671 To start Emacs in Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4672
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4673 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4674 emacs -f gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4675 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4676
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4677 in Rmail:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4678
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4679 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4680 emacs -f rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4681 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4682
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4683 A more convenient way to start with Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4684
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4685 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4686 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4687 gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4688 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4689
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4690 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4691 from your @file{.emacs} file. This would cause problems if you needed to run
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4692 two copies of Emacs at one time. Also, this would make it difficult for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4693 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4694
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4695 @node Reading news with Emacs, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4696 @section How do I read news under Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4697 @cindex Reading news under Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4698 @cindex Usenet reader in Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4699 @cindex Gnus newsreader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4700
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4701 Use @kbd{M-x gnus}. It is documented in Info (@pxref{Learning how to do something}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4702
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4703 @node Gnus does not work with NNTP, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Reading news with Emacs, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4704 @section Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4705 @cindex Gnus and NNTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4706 @cindex NNTP, Gnus fails to work with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4707
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4708 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4709 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4710 before blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4711 1.5.11 claims to fix this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4712
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4713 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4714
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4715 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4716 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4717 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4718
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4719 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4720 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4721 (i.e., "telnet server-machine 119"). The server should give its version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4722 number in the welcome message. Type "quit" to get out.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4723
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4724 @xref{Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode} for some additional ideas.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4725
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4726 @node Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4727 @section How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4728 @cindex Underlining, embedded in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4729 @cindex News articles with embedded underlining
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4730 @cindex Embedded underlining in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4731
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4732 Underlining appears like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4733
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4734 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4735 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4736 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4737
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4738 @email{amanda@@iesd.auc.dk, Per Abrahamsen} suggests using the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4739 code, which uses the underline face to turn such text into true
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4740 underlining:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4741
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4742 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4743 (defun gnus-article-prepare-overstrike ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4744 ;; Prepare article for overstrike commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4745 (save-excursion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4746 (set-buffer gnus-article-buffer)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4747 (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4748 (goto-char (point-min))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4749 (while (search-forward "\b" nil t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4750 (let ((next (following-char))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4751 (previous (char-after (- (point) 2))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4752 (cond ((eq next previous)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4753 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4754 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4755 'face 'bold))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4756 ((eq next ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4757 (delete-region (1- (point)) (1+ (point)))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4758 (put-text-property (1- (point)) (point)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4759 'face 'underline))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4760 ((eq previous ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4761 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4762 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4763 'face 'underline))))))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4764
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4765 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-overstrike)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4766 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4767
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4768 If you prefer to do away with underlining altogether, you can
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4769 destructively remove it with @kbd{M-x ununderline-region}; do this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4770 automatically via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4771
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4772 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4773 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4774 '(lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4775 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4776
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4777 @node Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Starting Gnus faster, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4778 @section How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4779 @cindex Multi-part postings in Gnus, saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4780 @cindex Saving multi-part postings in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4781 @cindex Gnus, saving multi-part postings in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4782
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4783 Use @code{gnus-uu}. Type @kbd{C-c C-v C-h} in the Gnus summary buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4784 to see a list of available commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4785
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4786 @node Starting Gnus faster, Catching up in all newsgroups, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4787 @section How do I make Gnus start up faster?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4788 @cindex Faster, starting Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4789 @cindex Starting Gnus faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4790 @cindex Gnus, starting faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4791
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4792 From the Gnus FAQ (@pxref{Learning more about Gnus}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4793
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4794 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4795 @email{pktiwari@@eos.ncsu.edu, Pranav Kumar Tiwari} writes: I posted
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4796 the same query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4797 repeat the answer. What you need is a newer version of gnus, version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4798 5.0.4+. I am using 5.0.12 and it works fine with me with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4799 following settings:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4800
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4801 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4802 (setq gnus-check-new-newsgroups nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4803 gnus-read-active-file 'some
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4804 gnus-nov-is-evil nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4805 gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4806 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4807 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4808
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4809 @node Catching up in all newsgroups, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Starting Gnus faster, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4810 @section How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4811 @cindex Catching up all newsgroups in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4812 @cindex Gnus, Catching up all newsgroups in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4813
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4814 In the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer, type @kbd{M-< C-x ( c y C-x ) M-0 C-x e}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4815
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4816 Leave off the initial @kbd{M-<} if you only want to catch up from point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4817 to the end of the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4818
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4819 @node Killing based on nonstandard headers, Removing flashing messages, Catching up in all newsgroups, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4820 @section Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control headers?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4821 @cindex Killing articles based on nonstandard headers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4822 @cindex Newsgroups header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4823 @cindex Keywords header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4824 @cindex Control header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4825
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4826 Gnus will complain that the @samp{Newsgroups}, @samp{Keywords}, and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4827 @samp{Control} headers are "Unknown header" fields.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4828
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4829 For the @samp{Newsgroups} header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4830 @samp{Xref} header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4831 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4832
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4833 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4834 this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4835
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4836 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4837 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4838 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4839
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4840 @node Removing flashing messages, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4841 @section How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4842 @cindex Flashing Gnus messages, removing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4843 @cindex Removing flashing Gnus messages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4844 @cindex Slow connections causing flashing messages in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4845 @cindex Gnus, flashing messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4846
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4847 Set @code{nntp-debug-read} to @code{nil}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4848
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4849 @node Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Gnus hangs for a long time, Removing flashing messages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4850 @section Why is catch up slow in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4851 @cindex Slow catch up in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4852 @cindex Gnus is slow when catching up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4853 @cindex Crosspostings make Gnus catching up slow
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4854
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4855 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4856 the variable @code{gnus-use-cross-reference}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4857
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4858 @node Gnus hangs for a long time, Learning more about Gnus, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4859 @section Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4860 @cindex Hangs in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4861 @cindex Gnus hangs while posting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4862 @cindex Posting, Gnus hangs wile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4863
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4864 @email{tale@@uunet.uu.net, David Lawrence} explains:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4865
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4866 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4867 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4868 POST asks C News's inews to not background itself but rather hang around
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4869 and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was successful.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4870 (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4871 waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up taking a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4872 long time because inews is calling relaynews, which often waits for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4873 another relaynews to free the lock on the news system so it can file the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4874 article.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4875
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4876 My preferred solution is to change inews to not call relaynews, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4877 rather use newsspool. This loses some error-catching functionality, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4878 is for the most part safe as inews will detect a lot of the errors on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4879 its own. The C News folks have sped up inews, too, so speed should look
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4880 better to most folks as that update propagates around.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4881 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4882
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4883 @node Learning more about Gnus, , Gnus hangs for a long time, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4884 @section Where can I find out more about Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4885 @cindex FAQ for Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4886 @cindex Gnus FAQ
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4887 @cindex Learning more about GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4888
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4889 Look for the Gnus FAQ, available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4890
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4891 @uref{http://www.ccs.neu.edu/software/contrib/gnus/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4892
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4893 @node Concept index, , Mail and news, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4894 @unnumbered Concept Index
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4895 @printindex cp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4896
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4897 @contents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4898 @bye