annotate src/sysdep.c @ 111193:e9767f86681c

Fix bug #7281. cmds.c (internal_self_insert): Don't insert if argument N is zero.

/* Interfaces to system-dependent kernel and library entries.
   Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1999, 2000, 2001,
                 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
                 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This file is part of GNU Emacs.

GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#include <config.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
#ifdef HAVE_PWD_H
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#endif /* HAVE_PWD_H */
#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
#include <limits.h>
#endif /* HAVE_LIMITS_H */
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#include "lisp.h"
#include "sysselect.h"
#include "blockinput.h"

#ifdef WINDOWSNT
#define read sys_read
#define write sys_write
#include <windows.h>
#ifndef NULL
#define NULL 0
#endif
#endif /* not WINDOWSNT */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <errno.h>

#ifdef HAVE_SETPGID
#if !defined (USG)
#undef setpgrp
#define setpgrp setpgid
#endif
#endif

/* Get SI_SRPC_DOMAIN, if it is available.  */
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SYSTEMINFO_H
#include <sys/systeminfo.h>
#endif

#ifdef MSDOS	/* Demacs 1.1.2 91/10/20 Manabu Higashida, MW Aug 1993 */
#include <dos.h>
#include "dosfns.h"
#include "msdos.h"
#include <sys/param.h>
#endif

#include <sys/file.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

#include "systty.h"
#include "syswait.h"

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UTSNAME_H
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <memory.h>
#endif /* HAVE_SYS_UTSNAME_H */

#include "keyboard.h"
#include "frame.h"
#include "window.h"
#include "termhooks.h"
#include "termchar.h"
#include "termopts.h"
#include "dispextern.h"
#include "process.h"
#include "cm.h"  /* for reset_sys_modes */
#ifdef HAVE_TERM_H
/* Include this last.  If it is ncurses header file, it adds a lot of
   defines that interfere with stuff in other headers.  Someone responsible
   for ncurses messed up bigtime.  See bug#6812.  */
#include <term.h>
#endif

#ifdef WINDOWSNT
#include <direct.h>
/* In process.h which conflicts with the local copy.  */
#define _P_WAIT 0
int _cdecl _spawnlp (int, const char *, const char *, ...);
int _cdecl _getpid (void);
extern char *getwd (char *);
#endif

#include "syssignal.h"
#include "systime.h"
#ifdef HAVE_UTIME_H
#include <utime.h>
#endif

#ifndef HAVE_UTIMES
#ifndef HAVE_STRUCT_UTIMBUF
/* We want to use utime rather than utimes, but we couldn't find the
   structure declaration.  We'll use the traditional one.  */
struct utimbuf {
  long actime;
  long modtime;
};
#endif
#endif

static const int baud_convert[] =
  {
    0, 50, 75, 110, 135, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200,
    1800, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400
  };

void croak (char *) NO_RETURN;

/* Temporary used by `sigblock' when defined in terms of signprocmask.  */

SIGMASKTYPE sigprocmask_set;


#if !defined (HAVE_GET_CURRENT_DIR_NAME) || defined (BROKEN_GET_CURRENT_DIR_NAME)

/* Return the current working directory.  Returns NULL on errors.
   Any other returned value must be freed with free. This is used
   only when get_current_dir_name is not defined on the system.  */
char*
get_current_dir_name (void)
{
  char *buf;
  char *pwd;
  struct stat dotstat, pwdstat;
  /* If PWD is accurate, use it instead of calling getwd.  PWD is
     sometimes a nicer name, and using it may avoid a fatal error if a
     parent directory is searchable but not readable.  */
    if ((pwd = getenv ("PWD")) != 0
      && (IS_DIRECTORY_SEP (*pwd) || (*pwd && IS_DEVICE_SEP (pwd[1])))
      && stat (pwd, &pwdstat) == 0
      && stat (".", &dotstat) == 0
      && dotstat.st_ino == pwdstat.st_ino
      && dotstat.st_dev == pwdstat.st_dev
#ifdef MAXPATHLEN
      && strlen (pwd) < MAXPATHLEN
#endif
      )
    {
      buf = (char *) malloc (strlen (pwd) + 1);
      if (!buf)
        return NULL;
      strcpy (buf, pwd);
    }
#ifdef HAVE_GETCWD
  else
    {
      size_t buf_size = 1024;
      buf = (char *) malloc (buf_size);
      if (!buf)
        return NULL;
      for (;;)
        {
          if (getcwd (buf, buf_size) == buf)
            break;
          if (errno != ERANGE)
            {
              int tmp_errno = errno;
              free (buf);
              errno = tmp_errno;
              return NULL;
            }
          buf_size *= 2;
          buf = (char *) realloc (buf, buf_size);
          if (!buf)
            return NULL;
        }
    }
#else
  else
    {
      /* We need MAXPATHLEN here.  */
      buf = (char *) malloc (MAXPATHLEN + 1);
      if (!buf)
        return NULL;
      if (getwd (buf) == NULL)
        {
          int tmp_errno = errno;
          free (buf);
          errno = tmp_errno;
          return NULL;
        }
    }
#endif
  return buf;
}
#endif


/* Discard pending input on all input descriptors.  */

void
discard_tty_input (void)
{
#ifndef WINDOWSNT
  struct emacs_tty buf;

  if (noninteractive)
    return;

#ifdef MSDOS    /* Demacs 1.1.1 91/10/16 HIRANO Satoshi */
  while (dos_keyread () != -1)
    ;
#else /* not MSDOS */
  {
    struct tty_display_info *tty;
    for (tty = tty_list; tty; tty = tty->next)
      {
        if (tty->input)         /* Is the device suspended? */
          {
            EMACS_GET_TTY (fileno (tty->input), &buf);
            EMACS_SET_TTY (fileno (tty->input), &buf, 0);
          }
      }
  }
#endif /* not MSDOS */
#endif /* not WINDOWSNT */
}


#ifdef SIGTSTP

/* Arrange for character C to be read as the next input from
   the terminal.
   XXX What if we have multiple ttys?
*/

void
stuff_char (char c)
{
  if (! FRAME_TERMCAP_P (SELECTED_FRAME ()))
    return;

/* Should perhaps error if in batch mode */
#ifdef TIOCSTI
  ioctl (fileno (CURTTY()->input), TIOCSTI, &c);
#else /* no TIOCSTI */
  error ("Cannot stuff terminal input characters in this version of Unix");
#endif /* no TIOCSTI */
}

#endif /* SIGTSTP */

void
init_baud_rate (int fd)
{
  int emacs_ospeed;
 
  if (noninteractive)
    emacs_ospeed = 0;
  else
    {
#ifdef DOS_NT
    emacs_ospeed = 15;
#else  /* not DOS_NT */
      struct termios sg;

      sg.c_cflag = B9600;
      tcgetattr (fd, &sg);
      emacs_ospeed = cfgetospeed (&sg);
#endif /* not DOS_NT */
    }

  baud_rate = (emacs_ospeed < sizeof baud_convert / sizeof baud_convert[0]
	       ? baud_convert[emacs_ospeed] : 9600);
  if (baud_rate == 0)
    baud_rate = 1200;
}



int wait_debugging;   /* Set nonzero to make following function work under dbx
			 (at least for bsd).  */

SIGTYPE
wait_for_termination_signal (void)
{}

#ifndef MSDOS
/* Wait for subprocess with process id `pid' to terminate and
   make sure it will get eliminated (not remain forever as a zombie) */

void
wait_for_termination (int pid)
{
  while (1)
    {
#if defined (BSD_SYSTEM) || defined (HPUX)
      /* Note that kill returns -1 even if the process is just a zombie now.
	 But inevitably a SIGCHLD interrupt should be generated
	 and child_sig will do wait3 and make the process go away. */
      /* There is some indication that there is a bug involved with
	 termination of subprocesses, perhaps involving a kernel bug too,
	 but no idea what it is.  Just as a hunch we signal SIGCHLD to see
	 if that causes the problem to go away or get worse.  */
      sigsetmask (sigmask (SIGCHLD));
      if (0 > kill (pid, 0))
	{
	  sigsetmask (SIGEMPTYMASK);
	  kill (getpid (), SIGCHLD);
	  break;
	}
      if (wait_debugging)
	sleep (1);
      else
	sigpause (SIGEMPTYMASK);
#else /* not BSD_SYSTEM, and not HPUX version >= 6 */
#ifdef WINDOWSNT
      wait (0);
      break;
#else /* not WINDOWSNT */
      sigblock (sigmask (SIGCHLD));
      errno = 0;
      if (kill (pid, 0) == -1 && errno == ESRCH)
	{
	  sigunblock (sigmask (SIGCHLD));
	  break;
	}

      sigsuspend (&empty_mask);
#endif /* not WINDOWSNT */
#endif /* not BSD_SYSTEM, and not HPUX version >= 6 */
    }
}

/*
 *	flush any pending output
 *      (may flush input as well; it does not matter the way we use it)
 */

void
flush_pending_output (int channel)
{
  /* FIXME: maybe this function should be removed */
}

/*  Set up the terminal at the other end of a pseudo-terminal that
    we will be controlling an inferior through.
    It should not echo or do line-editing, since that is done
    in Emacs.  No padding needed for insertion into an Emacs buffer.  */

void
child_setup_tty (int out)
{
#ifndef WINDOWSNT
  struct emacs_tty s;

  EMACS_GET_TTY (out, &s);
  s.main.c_oflag |= OPOST;	/* Enable output postprocessing */
  s.main.c_oflag &= ~ONLCR;	/* Disable map of NL to CR-NL on output */
#ifdef NLDLY
  /* http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/emacs-devel/2008-05/msg00406.html
     Some versions of GNU Hurd do not have FFDLY?  */
#ifdef FFDLY
  s.main.c_oflag &= ~(NLDLY|CRDLY|TABDLY|BSDLY|VTDLY|FFDLY);
  				/* No output delays */
#else
  s.main.c_oflag &= ~(NLDLY|CRDLY|TABDLY|BSDLY|VTDLY);
  				/* No output delays */
#endif
#endif
  s.main.c_lflag &= ~ECHO;	/* Disable echo */
  s.main.c_lflag |= ISIG;	/* Enable signals */
#ifdef IUCLC
  s.main.c_iflag &= ~IUCLC;	/* Disable downcasing on input.  */
#endif
#ifdef ISTRIP
  s.main.c_iflag &= ~ISTRIP;	/* don't strip 8th bit on input */
#endif
#ifdef OLCUC
  s.main.c_oflag &= ~OLCUC;	/* Disable upcasing on output.  */
#endif
  s.main.c_oflag &= ~TAB3;	/* Disable tab expansion */
  s.main.c_cflag = (s.main.c_cflag & ~CSIZE) | CS8; /* Don't strip 8th bit */
  s.main.c_cc[VERASE] = CDISABLE;	/* disable erase processing */
  s.main.c_cc[VKILL] = CDISABLE;	/* disable kill processing */

#ifdef HPUX
  s.main.c_cflag = (s.main.c_cflag & ~CBAUD) | B9600; /* baud rate sanity */
#endif /* HPUX */

#ifdef SIGNALS_VIA_CHARACTERS
  /* the QUIT and INTR character are used in process_send_signal
     so set them here to something useful.  */
  if (s.main.c_cc[VQUIT] == CDISABLE)
    s.main.c_cc[VQUIT] = '\\'&037;	/* Control-\ */
  if (s.main.c_cc[VINTR] == CDISABLE)
    s.main.c_cc[VINTR] = 'C'&037;	/* Control-C */
#endif /* not SIGNALS_VIA_CHARACTERS */

#ifdef AIX
  /* Also, PTY overloads NUL and BREAK.
     don't ignore break, but don't signal either, so it looks like NUL.  */
  s.main.c_iflag &= ~IGNBRK;
  s.main.c_iflag &= ~BRKINT;
  /* rms: Formerly it set s.main.c_cc[VINTR] to 0377 here
     unconditionally.  Then a SIGNALS_VIA_CHARACTERS conditional
     would force it to 0377.  That looks like duplicated code.  */
  s.main.c_cflag = (s.main.c_cflag & ~CBAUD) | B9600; /* baud rate sanity */
#endif /* AIX */

  /* We originally enabled ICANON (and set VEOF to 04), and then had
     proces.c send additional EOF chars to flush the output when faced
     with long lines, but this leads to weird effects when the
     subprocess has disabled ICANON and ends up seeing those spurious
     extra EOFs.  So we don't send EOFs any more in
     process.c:send_process.  First we tried to disable ICANON by
     default, so if a subsprocess sets up ICANON, it's his problem (or
     the Elisp package that talks to it) to deal with lines that are
     too long.  But this disables some features, such as the ability
     to send EOF signals.  So we re-enabled ICANON but there is no
     more "send eof to flush" going on (which is wrong and unportable
     in itself).  The correct way to handle too much output is to
     buffer what could not be written and then write it again when
     select returns ok for writing.  This has it own set of
     problems.  Write is now asynchronous, is that a problem?  How much
     do we buffer, and what do we do when that limit is reached?  */

  s.main.c_lflag |= ICANON;	/* Enable line editing and eof processing */
  s.main.c_cc[VEOF] = 'D'&037;	/* Control-D */
#if 0	    /* These settings only apply to non-ICANON mode. */
  s.main.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
  s.main.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
#endif

  EMACS_SET_TTY (out, &s, 0);
#endif /* not WINDOWSNT */
}
#endif	/* not MSDOS */


/* Record a signal code and the handler for it.  */
struct save_signal
{
  int code;
  SIGTYPE (*handler) (int);
};

static void save_signal_handlers (struct save_signal *);
static void restore_signal_handlers (struct save_signal *);

/* Suspend the Emacs process; give terminal to its superior.  */

void
sys_suspend (void)
{
#if defined (SIGTSTP) && !defined (MSDOS)

  {
    int pgrp = EMACS_GETPGRP (0);
    EMACS_KILLPG (pgrp, SIGTSTP);
  }

#else /* No SIGTSTP */
/* On a system where suspending is not implemented,
   instead fork a subshell and let it talk directly to the terminal
   while we wait.  */
  sys_subshell ();

#endif /* no SIGTSTP */
}

/* Fork a subshell.  */

void
sys_subshell (void)
{
#ifdef DOS_NT	/* Demacs 1.1.2 91/10/20 Manabu Higashida */
  int st;
  char oldwd[MAXPATHLEN+1]; /* Fixed length is safe on MSDOS.  */
#endif
  int pid;
  struct save_signal saved_handlers[5];
  Lisp_Object dir;
  unsigned char *str = 0;
  int len;

  saved_handlers[0].code = SIGINT;
  saved_handlers[1].code = SIGQUIT;
  saved_handlers[2].code = SIGTERM;
#ifdef SIGIO
  saved_handlers[3].code = SIGIO;
  saved_handlers[4].code = 0;
#else
  saved_handlers[3].code = 0;
#endif

  /* Mentioning current_buffer->buffer would mean including buffer.h,
     which somehow wedges the hp compiler.  So instead...  */

  dir = intern ("default-directory");
  if (NILP (Fboundp (dir)))
    goto xyzzy;
  dir = Fsymbol_value (dir);
  if (!STRINGP (dir))
    goto xyzzy;

  dir = expand_and_dir_to_file (Funhandled_file_name_directory (dir), Qnil);
  str = (unsigned char *) alloca (SCHARS (dir) + 2);
  len = SCHARS (dir);
  memcpy (str, SDATA (dir), len);
  if (str[len - 1] != '/') str[len++] = '/';
  str[len] = 0;
 xyzzy:

#ifdef DOS_NT
  pid = 0;
  save_signal_handlers (saved_handlers);
  synch_process_alive = 1;
#else
  pid = vfork ();
  if (pid == -1)
    error ("Can't spawn subshell");
#endif

  if (pid == 0)
    {
      const char *sh = 0;

#ifdef DOS_NT    /* MW, Aug 1993 */
      getwd (oldwd);
      if (sh == 0)
	sh = (char *) egetenv ("SUSPEND");	/* KFS, 1994-12-14 */
#endif
      if (sh == 0)
	sh = (char *) egetenv ("SHELL");
      if (sh == 0)
	sh = "sh";

      /* Use our buffer's default directory for the subshell.  */
      if (str)
	chdir ((char *) str);

      close_process_descs ();	/* Close Emacs's pipes/ptys */

#ifdef SET_EMACS_PRIORITY
      {
	extern EMACS_INT emacs_priority;

	if (emacs_priority < 0)
	  nice (-emacs_priority);
      }
#endif

#ifdef MSDOS    /* Demacs 1.1.2 91/10/20 Manabu Higashida */
      {
	char *epwd = getenv ("PWD");
	char old_pwd[MAXPATHLEN+1+4];

	/* If PWD is set, pass it with corrected value.  */
	if (epwd)
	  {
	    strcpy (old_pwd, epwd);
	    if (str[len - 1] == '/')
	      str[len - 1] = '\0';
	    setenv ("PWD", str, 1);
	  }
	st = system (sh);
	chdir (oldwd);
	if (epwd)
	  putenv (old_pwd);	/* restore previous value */
      }
#else /* not MSDOS */
#ifdef  WINDOWSNT
      /* Waits for process completion */
      pid = _spawnlp (_P_WAIT, sh, sh, NULL);
      chdir (oldwd);
      if (pid == -1)
	write (1, "Can't execute subshell", 22);
#else   /* not WINDOWSNT */
      execlp (sh, sh, (char *) 0);
      write (1, "Can't execute subshell", 22);
      _exit (1);
#endif  /* not WINDOWSNT */
#endif /* not MSDOS */
    }

  /* Do this now if we did not do it before.  */
#ifndef MSDOS
  save_signal_handlers (saved_handlers);
  synch_process_alive = 1;
#endif

#ifndef DOS_NT
  wait_for_termination (pid);
#endif
  restore_signal_handlers (saved_handlers);
  synch_process_alive = 0;
}

static void
save_signal_handlers (struct save_signal *saved_handlers)
{
  while (saved_handlers->code)
    {
      saved_handlers->handler
        = (SIGTYPE (*) (int)) signal (saved_handlers->code, SIG_IGN);
      saved_handlers++;
    }
}

static void
restore_signal_handlers (struct save_signal *saved_handlers)
{
  while (saved_handlers->code)
    {
      signal (saved_handlers->code, saved_handlers->handler);
      saved_handlers++;
    }
}

#ifndef SIGIO
/* If SIGIO is broken, don't do anything. */
void
init_sigio (int fd)
{
}

void
reset_sigio (int fd)
{
}

void
request_sigio (void)
{
}

void
unrequest_sigio (void)
{
}

#else
#ifdef F_SETFL

int old_fcntl_flags[MAXDESC];

void
init_sigio (int fd)
{
#ifdef FASYNC
  old_fcntl_flags[fd] = fcntl (fd, F_GETFL, 0) & ~FASYNC;
  fcntl (fd, F_SETFL, old_fcntl_flags[fd] | FASYNC);
#endif
  interrupts_deferred = 0;
}

void
reset_sigio (int fd)
{
#ifdef FASYNC
  fcntl (fd, F_SETFL, old_fcntl_flags[fd]);
#endif
}

#ifdef FASYNC		/* F_SETFL does not imply existence of FASYNC */
/* XXX Uhm, FASYNC is not used anymore here. */
/* XXX Yeah, but you need it for SIGIO, don't you? */

void
request_sigio (void)
{
  if (noninteractive)
    return;

#ifdef SIGWINCH
  sigunblock (sigmask (SIGWINCH));
#endif
  sigunblock (sigmask (SIGIO));

  interrupts_deferred = 0;
}

void
unrequest_sigio (void)
{
  if (noninteractive)
    return;

#if 0 /* XXX What's wrong with blocking SIGIO under X?  */
  if (x_display_list)
    return;
#endif

#ifdef SIGWINCH
  sigblock (sigmask (SIGWINCH));
#endif
  sigblock (sigmask (SIGIO));
  interrupts_deferred = 1;
}

#else /* no FASYNC */
#ifndef MSDOS

void
request_sigio (void)
{
  if (noninteractive || read_socket_hook)
    return;

  croak ("request_sigio");
}

void
unrequest_sigio (void)
{
  if (noninteractive || read_socket_hook)
    return;

  croak ("unrequest_sigio");
}

#endif /* MSDOS */
#endif /* FASYNC */
#endif /* F_SETFL */
#endif /* SIGIO */


/* Getting and setting emacs_tty structures.  */

/* Set *TC to the parameters associated with the terminal FD.
   Return zero if all's well, or -1 if we ran into an error we
   couldn't deal with.  */
int
emacs_get_tty (int fd, struct emacs_tty *settings)
{
  /* Retrieve the primary parameters - baud rate, character size, etcetera.  */
#ifndef DOS_NT
  /* We have those nifty POSIX tcmumbleattr functions.  */
  memset (&settings->main, 0, sizeof (settings->main));
  if (tcgetattr (fd, &settings->main) < 0)
    return -1;
#endif

  /* We have survived the tempest.  */
  return 0;
}


/* Set the parameters of the tty on FD according to the contents of
   *SETTINGS.  If FLUSHP is non-zero, we discard input.
   Return 0 if all went well, and -1 if anything failed.  */

int
emacs_set_tty (int fd, struct emacs_tty *settings, int flushp)
{
  /* Set the primary parameters - baud rate, character size, etcetera.  */
#ifndef DOS_NT
  int i;
  /* We have those nifty POSIX tcmumbleattr functions.
     William J. Smith <[e-mail]> writes:
     "POSIX 1003.1 defines tcsetattr to return success if it was
     able to perform any of the requested actions, even if some
     of the requested actions could not be performed.
     We must read settings back to ensure tty setup properly.
     AIX requires this to keep tty from hanging occasionally."  */
  /* This make sure that we don't loop indefinitely in here.  */
  for (i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++)
    if (tcsetattr (fd, flushp ? TCSAFLUSH : TCSADRAIN, &settings->main) < 0)
      {
	if (errno == EINTR)
	  continue;
	else
	  return -1;
      }
    else
      {
	struct termios new;

	memset (&new, 0, sizeof (new));
	/* Get the current settings, and see if they're what we asked for.  */
	tcgetattr (fd, &new);
	/* We cannot use memcmp on the whole structure here because under
	 * aix386 the termios structure has some reserved field that may
	 * not be filled in.
	 */
	if (   new.c_iflag == settings->main.c_iflag
	    && new.c_oflag == settings->main.c_oflag
	    && new.c_cflag == settings->main.c_cflag
	    && new.c_lflag == settings->main.c_lflag
	    && memcmp (new.c_cc, settings->main.c_cc, NCCS) == 0)
	  break;
	else
	  continue;
      }
#endif

  /* We have survived the tempest.  */
  return 0;
}



#ifdef F_SETOWN
int old_fcntl_owner[MAXDESC];
#endif /* F_SETOWN */

/* This may also be defined in stdio,
   but if so, this does no harm,
   and using the same name avoids wasting the other one's space.  */

#if defined (USG)
unsigned char _sobuf[BUFSIZ+8];
#else
char _sobuf[BUFSIZ];
#endif

/* Initialize the terminal mode on all tty devices that are currently
   open. */

void
init_all_sys_modes (void)
{
  struct tty_display_info *tty;
  for (tty = tty_list; tty; tty = tty->next)
    init_sys_modes (tty);
}

/* Initialize the terminal mode on the given tty device. */

void
init_sys_modes (struct tty_display_info *tty_out)
{
  struct emacs_tty tty;

  Vtty_erase_char = Qnil;

  if (noninteractive)
    return;

  if (!tty_out->output)
    return;                     /* The tty is suspended. */

  if (! tty_out->old_tty)
    tty_out->old_tty = (struct emacs_tty *) xmalloc (sizeof (struct emacs_tty));

  EMACS_GET_TTY (fileno (tty_out->input), tty_out->old_tty);

  tty = *tty_out->old_tty;

#if !defined (DOS_NT)
  XSETINT (Vtty_erase_char, tty.main.c_cc[VERASE]);

  tty.main.c_iflag |= (IGNBRK);	/* Ignore break condition */
  tty.main.c_iflag &= ~ICRNL;	/* Disable map of CR to NL on input */
#ifdef INLCR  /* I'm just being cautious,
		 since I can't check how widespread INLCR is--rms.  */
  tty.main.c_iflag &= ~INLCR;	/* Disable map of NL to CR on input */
#endif
#ifdef ISTRIP
  tty.main.c_iflag &= ~ISTRIP;	/* don't strip 8th bit on input */
#endif
  tty.main.c_lflag &= ~ECHO;	/* Disable echo */
  tty.main.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;	/* Disable erase/kill processing */
#ifdef IEXTEN
  tty.main.c_lflag &= ~IEXTEN;	/* Disable other editing characters.  */
#endif
  tty.main.c_lflag |= ISIG;	/* Enable signals */
  if (tty_out->flow_control)
    {
      tty.main.c_iflag |= IXON;	/* Enable start/stop output control */
#ifdef IXANY
      tty.main.c_iflag &= ~IXANY;
#endif /* IXANY */
    }
  else
    tty.main.c_iflag &= ~IXON;	/* Disable start/stop output control */
  tty.main.c_oflag &= ~ONLCR;	/* Disable map of NL to CR-NL
                                   on output */
  tty.main.c_oflag &= ~TAB3;	/* Disable tab expansion */
#ifdef CS8
  if (tty_out->meta_key)
    {
      tty.main.c_cflag |= CS8;	/* allow 8th bit on input */
      tty.main.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;/* Don't check parity */
    }
#endif
  if (tty_out->input == stdin)
    {
      tty.main.c_cc[VINTR] = quit_char;	/* C-g (usually) gives SIGINT */
      /* Set up C-g for both SIGQUIT and SIGINT.
         We don't know which we will get, but we handle both alike
         so which one it really gives us does not matter.  */
      tty.main.c_cc[VQUIT] = quit_char;
    }
  else
    {
      /* We normally don't get interrupt or quit signals from tty
         devices other than our controlling terminal; therefore,
         we must handle C-g as normal input.  Unfortunately, this
         means that the interrupt and quit feature must be
         disabled on secondary ttys, or we would not even see the
         keypress.

         Note that even though emacsclient could have special code
         to pass SIGINT to Emacs, we should _not_ enable
         interrupt/quit keys for emacsclient frames.  This means
         that we can't break out of loops in C code from a
         secondary tty frame, but we can always decide what
         display the C-g came from, which is more important from a
         usability point of view.  (Consider the case when two
         people work together using the same Emacs instance.)  */
      tty.main.c_cc[VINTR] = CDISABLE;
      tty.main.c_cc[VQUIT] = CDISABLE;
    }
  tty.main.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;	/* Input should wait for at least 1 char */
  tty.main.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;	/* no matter how long that takes.  */
#ifdef VSWTCH
  tty.main.c_cc[VSWTCH] = CDISABLE;	/* Turn off shell layering use
					   of C-z */
#endif /* VSWTCH */

#ifdef VSUSP
  tty.main.c_cc[VSUSP] = CDISABLE;	/* Turn off handling of C-z.  */
#endif /* VSUSP */
#ifdef V_DSUSP
  tty.main.c_cc[V_DSUSP] = CDISABLE; /* Turn off handling of C-y.  */
#endif /* V_DSUSP */
#ifdef VDSUSP /* Some systems have VDSUSP, some have V_DSUSP.  */
  tty.main.c_cc[VDSUSP] = CDISABLE;
#endif /* VDSUSP */
#ifdef VLNEXT
  tty.main.c_cc[VLNEXT] = CDISABLE;
#endif /* VLNEXT */
#ifdef VREPRINT
  tty.main.c_cc[VREPRINT] = CDISABLE;
#endif /* VREPRINT */
#ifdef VWERASE
  tty.main.c_cc[VWERASE] = CDISABLE;
#endif /* VWERASE */
#ifdef VDISCARD
  tty.main.c_cc[VDISCARD] = CDISABLE;
#endif /* VDISCARD */

  if (tty_out->flow_control)
    {
#ifdef VSTART
      tty.main.c_cc[VSTART] = '\021';
#endif /* VSTART */
#ifdef VSTOP
      tty.main.c_cc[VSTOP] = '\023';
#endif /* VSTOP */
    }
  else
    {
#ifdef VSTART
      tty.main.c_cc[VSTART] = CDISABLE;
#endif /* VSTART */
#ifdef VSTOP
      tty.main.c_cc[VSTOP] = CDISABLE;
#endif /* VSTOP */
    }

#ifdef AIX
  tty.main.c_cc[VSTRT] = CDISABLE;
  tty.main.c_cc[VSTOP] = CDISABLE;
  tty.main.c_cc[VSUSP] = CDISABLE;
  tty.main.c_cc[VDSUSP] = CDISABLE;
  if (tty_out->flow_control)
    {
#ifdef VSTART
      tty.main.c_cc[VSTART] = '\021';
#endif /* VSTART */
#ifdef VSTOP
      tty.main.c_cc[VSTOP] = '\023';
#endif /* VSTOP */
    }
  /* Also, PTY overloads NUL and BREAK.
     don't ignore break, but don't signal either, so it looks like NUL.
     This really serves a purpose only if running in an XTERM window
     or via TELNET or the like, but does no harm elsewhere.  */
  tty.main.c_iflag &= ~IGNBRK;
  tty.main.c_iflag &= ~BRKINT;
#endif
#endif /* not DOS_NT */

#ifdef MSDOS	/* Demacs 1.1.2 91/10/20 Manabu Higashida, MW Aug 1993 */
  if (!tty_out->term_initted)
    internal_terminal_init ();
  dos_ttraw (tty_out);
#endif

  EMACS_SET_TTY (fileno (tty_out->input), &tty, 0);

  /* This code added to insure that, if flow-control is not to be used,
     we have an unlocked terminal at the start. */

#ifdef TCXONC
  if (!tty_out->flow_control) ioctl (fileno (tty_out->input), TCXONC, 1);
#endif
#ifdef TIOCSTART
  if (!tty_out->flow_control) ioctl (fileno (tty_out->input), TIOCSTART, 0);
#endif

#if !defined (DOS_NT)
#ifdef TCOON
  if (!tty_out->flow_control) tcflow (fileno (tty_out->input), TCOON);
#endif
#endif

#ifdef F_SETFL
#ifdef F_GETOWN		/* F_SETFL does not imply existence of F_GETOWN */
  if (interrupt_input)
    {
      old_fcntl_owner[fileno (tty_out->input)] =
        fcntl (fileno (tty_out->input), F_GETOWN, 0);
      fcntl (fileno (tty_out->input), F_SETOWN, getpid ());
      init_sigio (fileno (tty_out->input));
#ifdef HAVE_GPM
      if (gpm_tty == tty_out)
	{
	  /* Arrange for mouse events to give us SIGIO signals.  */
	  fcntl (gpm_fd, F_SETOWN, getpid ());
	  fcntl (gpm_fd, F_SETFL, fcntl (gpm_fd, F_GETFL, 0) | O_NONBLOCK);
	  init_sigio (gpm_fd);
	}
#endif /* HAVE_GPM */
    }
#endif /* F_GETOWN */
#endif /* F_SETFL */

#ifdef _IOFBF
  /* This symbol is defined on recent USG systems.
     Someone says without this call USG won't really buffer the file
     even with a call to setbuf. */
  setvbuf (tty_out->output, (char *) _sobuf, _IOFBF, sizeof _sobuf);
#else
  setbuf (tty_out->output, (char *) _sobuf);
#endif

  if (tty_out->terminal->set_terminal_modes_hook)
    tty_out->terminal->set_terminal_modes_hook (tty_out->terminal);

  if (!tty_out->term_initted)
    {
      Lisp_Object tail, frame;
      FOR_EACH_FRAME (tail, frame)
        {
          /* XXX This needs to be revised. */
          if (FRAME_TERMCAP_P (XFRAME (frame))
              && FRAME_TTY (XFRAME (frame)) == tty_out)
            init_frame_faces (XFRAME (frame));
        }
    }

  if (tty_out->term_initted && no_redraw_on_reenter)
    {
      /* We used to call "direct_output_forward_char(0)" here,
	 but it's not clear why, since it may not do anything anyway.  */
    }
  else
    {
      Lisp_Object tail, frame;
      frame_garbaged = 1;
      FOR_EACH_FRAME (tail, frame)
        {
          if ((FRAME_TERMCAP_P (XFRAME (frame))
	       || FRAME_MSDOS_P (XFRAME (frame)))
              && FRAME_TTY (XFRAME (frame)) == tty_out)
            FRAME_GARBAGED_P (XFRAME (frame)) = 1;
        }
    }

  tty_out->term_initted = 1;
}

/* Return nonzero if safe to use tabs in output.
   At the time this is called, init_sys_modes has not been done yet.  */

int
tabs_safe_p (int fd)
{
  struct emacs_tty etty;

  EMACS_GET_TTY (fd, &etty);
  return EMACS_TTY_TABS_OK (&etty);
}

/* Get terminal size from system.
   Store number of lines into *HEIGHTP and width into *WIDTHP.
   We store 0 if there's no valid information.  */

void
get_tty_size (int fd, int *widthp, int *heightp)
{

#ifdef TIOCGWINSZ

  /* BSD-style.  */
  struct winsize size;

  if (ioctl (fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &size) == -1)
    *widthp = *heightp = 0;
  else
    {
      *widthp = size.ws_col;
      *heightp = size.ws_row;
    }

#else
#ifdef TIOCGSIZE

  /* SunOS - style.  */
  struct ttysize size;

  if (ioctl (fd, TIOCGSIZE, &size) == -1)
    *widthp = *heightp = 0;
  else
    {
      *widthp = size.ts_cols;
      *heightp = size.ts_lines;
    }

#else
#ifdef MSDOS
  *widthp = ScreenCols ();
  *heightp = ScreenRows ();
#else /* system doesn't know size */
  *widthp = 0;
  *heightp = 0;
#endif
#endif /* not SunOS-style */
#endif /* not BSD-style */
}

/* Set the logical window size associated with descriptor FD
   to HEIGHT and WIDTH.  This is used mainly with ptys.  */

int
set_window_size (int fd, int height, int width)
{
#ifdef TIOCSWINSZ

  /* BSD-style.  */
  struct winsize size;
  size.ws_row = height;
  size.ws_col = width;

  if (ioctl (fd, TIOCSWINSZ, &size) == -1)
    return 0; /* error */
  else
    return 1;

#else
#ifdef TIOCSSIZE

  /* SunOS - style.  */
  struct ttysize size;
  size.ts_lines = height;
  size.ts_cols = width;

  if (ioctl (fd, TIOCGSIZE, &size) == -1)
    return 0;
  else
    return 1;
#else
  return -1;
#endif /* not SunOS-style */
#endif /* not BSD-style */
}



/* Prepare all terminal devices for exiting Emacs. */

void
reset_all_sys_modes (void)
{
  struct tty_display_info *tty;
  for (tty = tty_list; tty; tty = tty->next)
    reset_sys_modes (tty);
}

/* Prepare the terminal for closing it; move the cursor to the
   bottom of the frame, turn off interrupt-driven I/O, etc.  */

void
reset_sys_modes (struct tty_display_info *tty_out)
{
  if (noninteractive)
    {
      fflush (stdout);
      return;
    }
  if (!tty_out->term_initted)
    return;

  if (!tty_out->output)
    return;                     /* The tty is suspended. */

  /* Go to and clear the last line of the terminal. */

  cmgoto (tty_out, FrameRows (tty_out) - 1, 0);

  /* Code adapted from tty_clear_end_of_line. */
  if (tty_out->TS_clr_line)
    {
      emacs_tputs (tty_out, tty_out->TS_clr_line, 1, cmputc);
    }
  else
    {			/* have to do it the hard way */
      int i;
      tty_turn_off_insert (tty_out);

      for (i = curX (tty_out); i < FrameCols (tty_out) - 1; i++)
        {
          fputc (' ', tty_out->output);
        }
    }

  cmgoto (tty_out, FrameRows (tty_out) - 1, 0);
  fflush (tty_out->output);

  if (tty_out->terminal->reset_terminal_modes_hook)
    tty_out->terminal->reset_terminal_modes_hook (tty_out->terminal);

#ifdef BSD_SYSTEM
  /* Avoid possible loss of output when changing terminal modes.  */
  fsync (fileno (tty_out->output));
#endif

#ifdef F_SETFL
#ifdef F_SETOWN		/* F_SETFL does not imply existence of F_SETOWN */
  if (interrupt_input)
    {
      reset_sigio (fileno (tty_out->input));
      fcntl (fileno (tty_out->input), F_SETOWN,
             old_fcntl_owner[fileno (tty_out->input)]);
    }
#endif /* F_SETOWN */
#ifdef O_NDELAY
  fcntl (fileno (tty_out->input), F_SETFL,
         fcntl (fileno (tty_out->input), F_GETFL, 0) & ~O_NDELAY);
#endif
#endif /* F_SETFL */

  if (tty_out->old_tty)
    while (EMACS_SET_TTY (fileno (tty_out->input),
                          tty_out->old_tty, 0) < 0 && errno == EINTR)
      ;

#ifdef MSDOS	/* Demacs 1.1.2 91/10/20 Manabu Higashida */
  dos_ttcooked ();
#endif

}

#ifdef HAVE_PTYS

/* Set up the proper status flags for use of a pty.  */

void
setup_pty (int fd)
{
  /* I'm told that TOICREMOTE does not mean control chars
     "can't be sent" but rather that they don't have
     input-editing or signaling effects.
     That should be good, because we have other ways
     to do those things in Emacs.
     However, telnet mode seems not to work on 4.2.
     So TIOCREMOTE is turned off now. */

  /* Under hp-ux, if TIOCREMOTE is turned on, some calls
     will hang.  In particular, the "timeout" feature (which
     causes a read to return if there is no data available)
     does this.  Also it is known that telnet mode will hang
     in such a way that Emacs must be stopped (perhaps this
     is the same problem).

     If TIOCREMOTE is turned off, then there is a bug in
     hp-ux which sometimes loses data.  Apparently the
     code which blocks the master process when the internal
     buffer fills up does not work.  Other than this,
     though, everything else seems to work fine.

     Since the latter lossage is more benign, we may as well
     lose that way.  -- cph */
#ifdef FIONBIO
#if defined(UNIX98_PTYS)
  {
    int on = 1;
    ioctl (fd, FIONBIO, &on);
  }
#endif
#endif
}
#endif /* HAVE_PTYS */

/* init_system_name sets up the string for the Lisp function
   system-name to return. */

extern Lisp_Object Vsystem_name;

#ifdef HAVE_SOCKETS
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#endif /* HAVE_SOCKETS */

#ifdef TRY_AGAIN
#ifndef HAVE_H_ERRNO
extern int h_errno;
#endif
#endif /* TRY_AGAIN */

void
init_system_name (void)
{
#ifndef HAVE_GETHOSTNAME
  struct utsname uts;
  uname (&uts);
  Vsystem_name = build_string (uts.nodename);
#else /* HAVE_GETHOSTNAME */
  unsigned int hostname_size = 256;
  char *hostname = (char *) alloca (hostname_size);

  /* Try to get the host name; if the buffer is too short, try
     again.  Apparently, the only indication gethostname gives of
     whether the buffer was large enough is the presence or absence
     of a '\0' in the string.  Eech.  */
  for (;;)
    {
      gethostname (hostname, hostname_size - 1);
      hostname[hostname_size - 1] = '\0';

      /* Was the buffer large enough for the '\0'?  */
      if (strlen (hostname) < hostname_size - 1)
	break;

      hostname_size <<= 1;
      hostname = (char *) alloca (hostname_size);
    }
#ifdef HAVE_SOCKETS
  /* Turn the hostname into the official, fully-qualified hostname.
     Don't do this if we're going to dump; this can confuse system
     libraries on some machines and make the dumped emacs core dump. */
#ifndef CANNOT_DUMP
  if (initialized)
#endif /* not CANNOT_DUMP */
    if (! strchr (hostname, '.'))
      {
	int count;
#ifdef HAVE_GETADDRINFO
        struct addrinfo *res;
        struct addrinfo hints;
        int ret;

        memset (&hints, 0, sizeof (hints));
        hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
        hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;

	for (count = 0;; count++)
	  {
            if ((ret = getaddrinfo (hostname, NULL, &hints, &res)) == 0
                || ret != EAI_AGAIN)
              break;

            if (count >= 5)
	      break;
	    Fsleep_for (make_number (1), Qnil);
	  }

        if (ret == 0)
          {
            struct addrinfo *it = res;
            while (it)
              {
                char *fqdn = it->ai_canonname;
                if (fqdn && strchr (fqdn, '.')
                    && strcmp (fqdn, "localhost.localdomain") != 0)
                  break;
                it = it->ai_next;
              }
            if (it)
              {
                hostname = alloca (strlen (it->ai_canonname) + 1);
                strcpy (hostname, it->ai_canonname);
              }
            freeaddrinfo (res);
          }
#else /* !HAVE_GETADDRINFO */
        struct hostent *hp;
	for (count = 0;; count++)
	  {

#ifdef TRY_AGAIN
	    h_errno = 0;
#endif
	    hp = gethostbyname (hostname);
#ifdef TRY_AGAIN
	    if (! (hp == 0 && h_errno == TRY_AGAIN))
#endif

	      break;

	    if (count >= 5)
	      break;
	    Fsleep_for (make_number (1), Qnil);
	  }

	if (hp)
	  {
	    char *fqdn = (char *) hp->h_name;

	    if (!strchr (fqdn, '.'))
	      {
		/* We still don't have a fully qualified domain name.
		   Try to find one in the list of alternate names */
		char **alias = hp->h_aliases;
		while (*alias
		       && (!strchr (*alias, '.')
			   || !strcmp (*alias, "localhost.localdomain")))
		  alias++;
		if (*alias)
		  fqdn = *alias;
	      }
	    hostname = fqdn;
	  }
#endif /* !HAVE_GETADDRINFO */
      }
#endif /* HAVE_SOCKETS */
  Vsystem_name = build_string (hostname);
#endif /* HAVE_GETHOSTNAME */
  {
    unsigned char *p;
    for (p = SDATA (Vsystem_name); *p; p++)
      if (*p == ' ' || *p == '\t')
	*p = '-';
  }
}

/* POSIX signals support - DJB */
/* Anyone with POSIX signals should have ANSI C declarations */

sigset_t empty_mask, full_mask;

#ifndef WINDOWSNT

signal_handler_t
sys_signal (int signal_number, signal_handler_t action)
{
  struct sigaction new_action, old_action;
  sigemptyset (&new_action.sa_mask);
  new_action.sa_handler = action;
  new_action.sa_flags = 0;
#if defined (SA_RESTART)
  /* Emacs mostly works better with restartable system services. If this
     flag exists, we probably want to turn it on here.
     However, on some systems this resets the timeout of `select'
     which means that `select' never finishes if it keeps getting signals.
     BROKEN_SA_RESTART is defined on those systems.  */
  /* It's not clear why the comment above says "mostly works better".  --Stef
     When SYNC_INPUT is set, we don't want SA_RESTART because we need to poll
     for pending input so we need long-running syscalls to be interrupted
     after a signal that sets the interrupt_input_pending flag.  */
  /* Non-interactive keyboard input goes through stdio, where we always
     want restartable system calls.  */
# if defined (BROKEN_SA_RESTART) || defined(SYNC_INPUT)
  if (noninteractive)
# endif
    new_action.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
#endif
  sigaction (signal_number, &new_action, &old_action);
  return (old_action.sa_handler);
}

#endif	/* WINDOWSNT */

#ifndef __GNUC__
/* If we're compiling with GCC, we don't need this function, since it
   can be written as a macro.  */
sigset_t
sys_sigmask (int sig)
{
  sigset_t mask;
  sigemptyset (&mask);
  sigaddset (&mask, sig);
  return mask;
}
#endif

/* I'd like to have these guys return pointers to the mask storage in here,
   but there'd be trouble if the code was saving multiple masks.  I'll be
   safe and pass the structure.  It normally won't be more than 2 bytes
   anyhow. - DJB */

sigset_t
sys_sigblock (sigset_t new_mask)
{
  sigset_t old_mask;
  sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &new_mask, &old_mask);
  return (old_mask);
}

sigset_t
sys_sigunblock (sigset_t new_mask)
{
  sigset_t old_mask;
  sigprocmask (SIG_UNBLOCK, &new_mask, &old_mask);
  return (old_mask);
}

sigset_t
sys_sigsetmask (sigset_t new_mask)
{
  sigset_t old_mask;
  sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &new_mask, &old_mask);
  return (old_mask);
}


#if !defined HAVE_STRSIGNAL && !HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST
static char *my_sys_siglist[NSIG];
# ifdef sys_siglist
#  undef sys_siglist
# endif
# define sys_siglist my_sys_siglist
#endif

void
init_signals (void)
{
  sigemptyset (&empty_mask);
  sigfillset (&full_mask);

#if !defined HAVE_STRSIGNAL && !HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST
  if (! initialized)
    {
# ifdef SIGABRT
      sys_siglist[SIGABRT] = "Aborted";
# endif
# ifdef SIGAIO
      sys_siglist[SIGAIO] = "LAN I/O interrupt";
# endif
# ifdef SIGALRM
      sys_siglist[SIGALRM] = "Alarm clock";
# endif
# ifdef SIGBUS
      sys_siglist[SIGBUS] = "Bus error";
# endif
# ifdef SIGCLD
      sys_siglist[SIGCLD] = "Child status changed";
# endif
# ifdef SIGCHLD
      sys_siglist[SIGCHLD] = "Child status changed";
# endif
# ifdef SIGCONT
      sys_siglist[SIGCONT] = "Continued";
# endif
# ifdef SIGDANGER
      sys_siglist[SIGDANGER] = "Swap space dangerously low";
# endif
# ifdef SIGDGNOTIFY
      sys_siglist[SIGDGNOTIFY] = "Notification message in queue";
# endif
# ifdef SIGEMT
      sys_siglist[SIGEMT] = "Emulation trap";
# endif
# ifdef SIGFPE
      sys_siglist[SIGFPE] = "Arithmetic exception";
# endif
# ifdef SIGFREEZE
      sys_siglist[SIGFREEZE] = "SIGFREEZE";
# endif
# ifdef SIGGRANT
      sys_siglist[SIGGRANT] = "Monitor mode granted";
# endif
# ifdef SIGHUP
      sys_siglist[SIGHUP] = "Hangup";
# endif
# ifdef SIGILL
      sys_siglist[SIGILL] = "Illegal instruction";
# endif
# ifdef SIGINT
      sys_siglist[SIGINT] = "Interrupt";
# endif
# ifdef SIGIO
      sys_siglist[SIGIO] = "I/O possible";
# endif
# ifdef SIGIOINT
      sys_siglist[SIGIOINT] = "I/O intervention required";
# endif
# ifdef SIGIOT
      sys_siglist[SIGIOT] = "IOT trap";
# endif
# ifdef SIGKILL
      sys_siglist[SIGKILL] = "Killed";
# endif
# ifdef SIGLOST
      sys_siglist[SIGLOST] = "Resource lost";
# endif
# ifdef SIGLWP
      sys_siglist[SIGLWP] = "SIGLWP";
# endif
# ifdef SIGMSG
      sys_siglist[SIGMSG] = "Monitor mode data available";
# endif
# ifdef SIGPHONE
      sys_siglist[SIGWIND] = "SIGPHONE";
# endif
# ifdef SIGPIPE
      sys_siglist[SIGPIPE] = "Broken pipe";
# endif
# ifdef SIGPOLL
      sys_siglist[SIGPOLL] = "Pollable event occurred";
# endif
# ifdef SIGPROF
      sys_siglist[SIGPROF] = "Profiling timer expired";
# endif
# ifdef SIGPTY
      sys_siglist[SIGPTY] = "PTY I/O interrupt";
# endif
# ifdef SIGPWR
      sys_siglist[SIGPWR] = "Power-fail restart";
# endif
# ifdef SIGQUIT
      sys_siglist[SIGQUIT] = "Quit";
# endif
# ifdef SIGRETRACT
      sys_siglist[SIGRETRACT] = "Need to relinguish monitor mode";
# endif
# ifdef SIGSAK
      sys_siglist[SIGSAK] = "Secure attention";
# endif
# ifdef SIGSEGV
      sys_siglist[SIGSEGV] = "Segmentation violation";
# endif
# ifdef SIGSOUND
      sys_siglist[SIGSOUND] = "Sound completed";
# endif
# ifdef SIGSTOP
      sys_siglist[SIGSTOP] = "Stopped (signal)";
# endif
# ifdef SIGSTP
      sys_siglist[SIGSTP] = "Stopped (user)";
# endif
# ifdef SIGSYS
      sys_siglist[SIGSYS] = "Bad argument to system call";
# endif
# ifdef SIGTERM
      sys_siglist[SIGTERM] = "Terminated";
# endif
# ifdef SIGTHAW
      sys_siglist[SIGTHAW] = "SIGTHAW";
# endif
# ifdef SIGTRAP
      sys_siglist[SIGTRAP] = "Trace/breakpoint trap";
# endif
# ifdef SIGTSTP
      sys_siglist[SIGTSTP] = "Stopped (user)";
# endif
# ifdef SIGTTIN
      sys_siglist[SIGTTIN] = "Stopped (tty input)";
# endif
# ifdef SIGTTOU
      sys_siglist[SIGTTOU] = "Stopped (tty output)";
# endif
# ifdef SIGURG
      sys_siglist[SIGURG] = "Urgent I/O condition";
# endif
# ifdef SIGUSR1
      sys_siglist[SIGUSR1] = "User defined signal 1";
# endif
# ifdef SIGUSR2
      sys_siglist[SIGUSR2] = "User defined signal 2";
# endif
# ifdef SIGVTALRM
      sys_siglist[SIGVTALRM] = "Virtual timer expired";
# endif
# ifdef SIGWAITING
      sys_siglist[SIGWAITING] = "Process's LWPs are blocked";
# endif
# ifdef SIGWINCH
      sys_siglist[SIGWINCH] = "Window size changed";
# endif
# ifdef SIGWIND
      sys_siglist[SIGWIND] = "SIGWIND";
# endif
# ifdef SIGXCPU
      sys_siglist[SIGXCPU] = "CPU time limit exceeded";
# endif
# ifdef SIGXFSZ
      sys_siglist[SIGXFSZ] = "File size limit exceeded";
# endif
    }
#endif /* !defined HAVE_STRSIGNAL && !defined HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST */
}

#ifndef HAVE_RANDOM
#ifdef random
#define HAVE_RANDOM
#endif
#endif

/* Figure out how many bits the system's random number generator uses.
   `random' and `lrand48' are assumed to return 31 usable bits.
   BSD `rand' returns a 31 bit value but the low order bits are unusable;
   so we'll shift it and treat it like the 15-bit USG `rand'.  */

#ifndef RAND_BITS
# ifdef HAVE_RANDOM
#  define RAND_BITS 31
# else /* !HAVE_RANDOM */
#  ifdef HAVE_LRAND48
#   define RAND_BITS 31
#   define random lrand48
#  else /* !HAVE_LRAND48 */
#   define RAND_BITS 15
#   if RAND_MAX == 32767
#    define random rand
#   else /* RAND_MAX != 32767 */
#    if RAND_MAX == 2147483647
#     define random() (rand () >> 16)
#    else /* RAND_MAX != 2147483647 */
#     ifdef USG
#      define random rand
#     else
#      define random() (rand () >> 16)
#     endif /* !USG */
#    endif /* RAND_MAX != 2147483647 */
#   endif /* RAND_MAX != 32767 */
#  endif /* !HAVE_LRAND48 */
# endif /* !HAVE_RANDOM */
#endif /* !RAND_BITS */

void
seed_random (long int arg)
{
#ifdef HAVE_RANDOM
  srandom ((unsigned int)arg);
#else
# ifdef HAVE_LRAND48
  srand48 (arg);
# else
  srand ((unsigned int)arg);
# endif
#endif
}

/*
 * Build a full Emacs-sized word out of whatever we've got.
 * This suffices even for a 64-bit architecture with a 15-bit rand.
 */
long
get_random (void)
{
  long val = random ();
#if VALBITS > RAND_BITS
  val = (val << RAND_BITS) ^ random ();
#if VALBITS > 2*RAND_BITS
  val = (val << RAND_BITS) ^ random ();
#if VALBITS > 3*RAND_BITS
  val = (val << RAND_BITS) ^ random ();
#if VALBITS > 4*RAND_BITS
  val = (val << RAND_BITS) ^ random ();
#endif /* need at least 5 */
#endif /* need at least 4 */
#endif /* need at least 3 */
#endif /* need at least 2 */
  return val & ((1L << VALBITS) - 1);
}

#ifndef HAVE_STRERROR
#ifndef WINDOWSNT
char *
strerror (errnum)
     int errnum;
{
  extern char *sys_errlist[];
  extern int sys_nerr;

  if (errnum >= 0 && errnum < sys_nerr)
    return sys_errlist[errnum];
  return (char *) "Unknown error";
}
#endif /* not WINDOWSNT */
#endif /* ! HAVE_STRERROR */

int
emacs_open (const char *path, int oflag, int mode)
{
  register int rtnval;

  while ((rtnval = open (path, oflag, mode)) == -1
	 && (errno == EINTR))
    QUIT;
  return (rtnval);
}

int
emacs_close (int fd)
{
  int did_retry = 0;
  register int rtnval;

  while ((rtnval = close (fd)) == -1
	 && (errno == EINTR))
    did_retry = 1;

  /* If close is interrupted SunOS 4.1 may or may not have closed the
     file descriptor.  If it did the second close will fail with
     errno = EBADF.  That means we have succeeded.  */
  if (rtnval == -1 && did_retry && errno == EBADF)
    return 0;

  return rtnval;
}

int
emacs_read (int fildes, char *buf, unsigned int nbyte)
{
  register int rtnval;

  while ((rtnval = read (fildes, buf, nbyte)) == -1
	 && (errno == EINTR))
    QUIT;
  return (rtnval);
}

int
emacs_write (int fildes, const char *buf, unsigned int nbyte)
{
  register int rtnval, bytes_written;

  bytes_written = 0;

  while (nbyte > 0)
    {
      rtnval = write (fildes, buf, nbyte);

      if (rtnval == -1)
	{
	  if (errno == EINTR)
	    {
#ifdef SYNC_INPUT
	      /* I originally used `QUIT' but that might causes files to
		 be truncated if you hit C-g in the middle of it.  --Stef  */
	      process_pending_signals ();
#endif
	      continue;
	    }
	  else
	    return (bytes_written ? bytes_written : -1);
	}

      buf += rtnval;
      nbyte -= rtnval;
      bytes_written += rtnval;
    }
  return (bytes_written);
}

#ifdef USG
/*
 *	All of the following are for USG.
 *
 *	On USG systems the system calls are INTERRUPTIBLE by signals
 *	that the user program has elected to catch.  Thus the system call
 *	must be retried in these cases.  To handle this without massive
 *	changes in the source code, we remap the standard system call names
 *	to names for our own functions in sysdep.c that do the system call
 *	with retries.  Actually, for portability reasons, it is good
 *	programming practice, as this example shows, to limit all actual
 *	system calls to a single occurrence in the source.  Sure, this
 *	adds an extra level of function call overhead but it is almost
 *	always negligible.   Fred Fish, Unisoft Systems Inc.
 */

/*
 *	Warning, this function may not duplicate 4.2 action properly
 *	under error conditions.
 */

#ifndef MAXPATHLEN
/* In 4.1, param.h fails to define this.  */
#define MAXPATHLEN 1024
#endif

#ifndef HAVE_GETWD

char *
getwd (char *pathname)
{
  char *npath, *spath;
  extern char *getcwd (char *, size_t);

  BLOCK_INPUT;			/* getcwd uses malloc */
  spath = npath = getcwd ((char *) 0, MAXPATHLEN);
  if (spath == 0)
    {
      UNBLOCK_INPUT;
      return spath;
    }
  /* On Altos 3068, getcwd can return @hostname/dir, so discard
     up to first slash.  Should be harmless on other systems.  */
  while (*npath && *npath != '/')
    npath++;
  strcpy (pathname, npath);
  free (spath);			/* getcwd uses malloc */
  UNBLOCK_INPUT;
  return pathname;
}

#endif /* HAVE_GETWD */

/*
 *	Emulate rename using unlink/link.  Note that this is
 *	only partially correct.  Also, doesn't enforce restriction
 *	that files be of same type (regular->regular, dir->dir, etc).
 */

#ifndef HAVE_RENAME

int
rename (const char *from, const char *to)
{
  if (access (from, 0) == 0)
    {
      unlink (to);
      if (link (from, to) == 0)
	if (unlink (from) == 0)
	  return (0);
    }
  return (-1);
}

#endif


#if defined(HPUX) && !defined(HAVE_PERROR)

/* HPUX curses library references perror, but as far as we know
   it won't be called.  Anyway this definition will do for now.  */

void
perror (void)
{
}
#endif /* HPUX and not HAVE_PERROR */

#ifndef HAVE_DUP2

/*
 *	Emulate BSD dup2.  First close newd if it already exists.
 *	Then, attempt to dup oldd.  If not successful, call dup2 recursively
 *	until we are, then close the unsuccessful ones.
 */

int
dup2 (int oldd, int newd)
{
  register int fd, ret;

  emacs_close (newd);

#ifdef F_DUPFD
  return fcntl (oldd, F_DUPFD, newd);
#else
  fd = dup (old);
  if (fd == -1)
    return -1;
  if (fd == new)
    return new;
  ret = dup2 (old,new);
  emacs_close (fd);
  return ret;
#endif
}

#endif /* not HAVE_DUP2 */

/*
 *	Gettimeofday.  Simulate as much as possible.  Only accurate
 *	to nearest second.  Emacs doesn't use tzp so ignore it for now.
 *	Only needed when subprocesses are defined.
 */

#ifndef HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY
#ifdef HAVE_TIMEVAL

int
gettimeofday (struct timeval *tp, struct timezone *tzp)
{
  extern long time (long);

  tp->tv_sec = time ((long *)0);
  tp->tv_usec = 0;
  if (tzp != 0)
    tzp->tz_minuteswest = -1;
  return 0;
}

#endif
#endif /* !HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY && HAVE_TIMEVAL */

/*
 *	This function will go away as soon as all the stubs fixed. (fnf)
 */

void
croak (char *badfunc)
{
  printf ("%s not yet implemented\r\n", badfunc);
  reset_all_sys_modes ();
  exit (1);
}

#endif /* USG */

/* Directory routines for systems that don't have them. */

#ifdef HAVE_DIRENT_H

#include <dirent.h>

#if !defined (HAVE_CLOSEDIR)

int
closedir (DIR *dirp /* stream from opendir */)
{
  int rtnval;

  rtnval = emacs_close (dirp->dd_fd);
  xfree ((char *) dirp);

  return rtnval;
}
#endif /* not HAVE_CLOSEDIR */
#endif /* HAVE_DIRENT_H */


int
set_file_times (const char *filename, EMACS_TIME atime, EMACS_TIME mtime)
{
#ifdef HAVE_UTIMES
  struct timeval tv[2];
  tv[0] = atime;
  tv[1] = mtime;
  return utimes (filename, tv);
#else /* not HAVE_UTIMES */
  struct utimbuf utb;
  utb.actime = EMACS_SECS (atime);
  utb.modtime = EMACS_SECS (mtime);
  return utime (filename, &utb);
#endif /* not HAVE_UTIMES */
}

/* mkdir and rmdir functions, for systems which don't have them.  */

#ifndef HAVE_MKDIR
/*
 * Written by Robert Rother, Mariah Corporation, August 1985.
 *
 * If you want it, it's yours.  All I ask in return is that if you
 * figure out how to do this in a Bourne Shell script you send me
 * a copy.
 *					sdcsvax!rmr or rmr@uscd
 *
 * Severely hacked over by John Gilmore to make a 4.2BSD compatible
 * subroutine.  11Mar86; hoptoad!gnu
 *
 * Modified by rmtodd@uokmax 6-28-87 -- when making an already existing dir,
 * subroutine didn't return EEXIST.  It does now.
 */

/*
 * Make a directory.
 */
int
mkdir (char *dpath, int dmode)
{
  int cpid, status, fd;
  struct stat statbuf;

  if (stat (dpath, &statbuf) == 0)
    {
      errno = EEXIST;		/* Stat worked, so it already exists */
      return -1;
    }

  /* If stat fails for a reason other than non-existence, return error */
  if (errno != ENOENT)
    return -1;

  synch_process_alive = 1;
  switch (cpid = fork ())
    {

    case -1:			/* Error in fork */
      return (-1);		/* Errno is set already */

    case 0:			/* Child process */
      /*
		 * Cheap hack to set mode of new directory.  Since this
		 * child process is going away anyway, we zap its umask.
		 * FIXME, this won't suffice to set SUID, SGID, etc. on this
		 * directory.  Does anybody care?
		 */
      status = umask (0);	/* Get current umask */
      status = umask (status | (0777 & ~dmode));	/* Set for mkdir */
      fd = emacs_open ("/dev/null", O_RDWR, 0);
      if (fd >= 0)
        {
	  dup2 (fd, 0);
	  dup2 (fd, 1);
	  dup2 (fd, 2);
        }
      execl ("/bin/mkdir", "mkdir", dpath, (char *) 0);
      _exit (-1);		/* Can't exec /bin/mkdir */

    default:			/* Parent process */
      wait_for_termination (cpid);
    }

  if (synch_process_death != 0 || synch_process_retcode != 0
      || synch_process_termsig != 0)
    {
      errno = EIO;		/* We don't know why, but */
      return -1;		/* /bin/mkdir failed */
    }

  return 0;
}
#endif /* not HAVE_MKDIR */

#ifndef HAVE_RMDIR
int
rmdir (char *dpath)
{
  int cpid, status, fd;
  struct stat statbuf;

  if (stat (dpath, &statbuf) != 0)
    {
      /* Stat just set errno.  We don't have to */
      return -1;
    }

  synch_process_alive = 1;
  switch (cpid = fork ())
    {

    case -1:			/* Error in fork */
      return (-1);		/* Errno is set already */

    case 0:			/* Child process */
      fd = emacs_open ("/dev/null", O_RDWR, 0);
      if (fd >= 0)
        {
	  dup2 (fd, 0);
	  dup2 (fd, 1);
	  dup2 (fd, 2);
        }
      execl ("/bin/rmdir", "rmdir", dpath, (char *) 0);
      _exit (-1);		/* Can't exec /bin/rmdir */

    default:			/* Parent process */
      wait_for_termination (cpid);
    }

  if (synch_process_death != 0 || synch_process_retcode != 0
      || synch_process_termsig != 0)
    {
      errno = EIO;		/* We don't know why, but */
      return -1;		/* /bin/rmdir failed */
    }

  return 0;
}
#endif /* !HAVE_RMDIR */


#ifndef HAVE_MEMSET
void *
memset (void *b, int n, size_t length)
{
  unsigned char *p = b;
  while (length-- > 0)
    *p++ = n;
  return b;
}
#endif /* !HAVE_MEMSET */

#ifndef HAVE_MEMCPY
void *
memcpy (void *b1, void *b2, size_t length)
{
  unsigned char *p1 = b1, *p2 = b2;
  while (length-- > 0)
    *p1++ = *p2++;
  return b1;
}
#endif /* !HAVE_MEMCPY */

#ifndef HAVE_MEMMOVE
void *
memmove (void *b1, void *b2, size_t length)
{
  unsigned char *p1 = b1, *p2 = b2;
  if (p1 < p2 || p1 >= p2 + length)
    while (length-- > 0)
      *p1++ = *p2++;
  else
    {
      p1 += length;
      p2 += length;
      while (length-- > 0)
	*--p1 = *--p2;
    }
  return b1;
}
#endif /* !HAVE_MEMCPY */

#ifndef HAVE_MEMCMP
int
memcmp (void *b1, void *b2, size_t length)
{
  unsigned char *p1 = b1, *p2 = b2;
  while (length-- > 0)
    if (*p1++ != *p2++)
      return p1[-1] < p2[-1] ? -1 : 1;
  return 0;
}
#endif /* !HAVE_MEMCMP */

#ifndef HAVE_STRSIGNAL
char *
strsignal (int code)
{
  char *signame = 0;

  if (0 <= code && code < NSIG)
    {
      /* Cast to suppress warning if the table has const char *.  */
      signame = (char *) sys_siglist[code];
    }

  return signame;
}
#endif /* HAVE_STRSIGNAL */

#ifndef DOS_NT
/* For make-serial-process  */
int
serial_open (char *port)
{
  int fd = -1;

  fd = emacs_open ((char*) port,
		   O_RDWR
#ifdef O_NONBLOCK
		   | O_NONBLOCK
#else
		   | O_NDELAY
#endif
#ifdef O_NOCTTY
		   | O_NOCTTY
#endif
		   , 0);
  if (fd < 0)
    {
      error ("Could not open %s: %s",
	     port, emacs_strerror (errno));
    }
#ifdef TIOCEXCL
  ioctl (fd, TIOCEXCL, (char *) 0);
#endif

  return fd;
}

#if !defined (HAVE_CFMAKERAW)
/* Workaround for targets which are missing cfmakeraw.  */
/* Pasted from man page.  */
static void
cfmakeraw (struct termios *termios_p)
{
    termios_p->c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|PARMRK|ISTRIP|INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON);
    termios_p->c_oflag &= ~OPOST;
    termios_p->c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHONL|ICANON|ISIG|IEXTEN);
    termios_p->c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB);
    termios_p->c_cflag |= CS8;
}
#endif /* !defined (HAVE_CFMAKERAW */

#if !defined (HAVE_CFSETSPEED)
/* Workaround for targets which are missing cfsetspeed.  */
static int
cfsetspeed (struct termios *termios_p, speed_t vitesse)
{
  return (cfsetispeed (termios_p, vitesse)
	  + cfsetospeed (termios_p, vitesse));
}
#endif

/* For serial-process-configure  */
void
serial_configure (struct Lisp_Process *p,
		  Lisp_Object contact)
{
  Lisp_Object childp2 = Qnil;
  Lisp_Object tem = Qnil;
  struct termios attr;
  int err = -1;
  char summary[4] = "???"; /* This usually becomes "8N1".  */

  childp2 = Fcopy_sequence (p->childp);

  /* Read port attributes and prepare default configuration.  */
  err = tcgetattr (p->outfd, &attr);
  if (err != 0)
    error ("tcgetattr() failed: %s", emacs_strerror (errno));
  cfmakeraw (&attr);
#if defined (CLOCAL)
  attr.c_cflag |= CLOCAL;
#endif
#if defined (CREAD)
  attr.c_cflag |= CREAD;
#endif

  /* Configure speed.  */
  if (!NILP (Fplist_member (contact, QCspeed)))
    tem = Fplist_get (contact, QCspeed);
  else
    tem = Fplist_get (p->childp, QCspeed);
  CHECK_NUMBER (tem);
  err = cfsetspeed (&attr, XINT (tem));
  if (err != 0)
    error ("cfsetspeed(%d) failed: %s", XINT (tem), emacs_strerror (errno));
  childp2 = Fplist_put (childp2, QCspeed, tem);

  /* Configure bytesize.  */
  if (!NILP (Fplist_member (contact, QCbytesize)))
    tem = Fplist_get (contact, QCbytesize);
  else
    tem = Fplist_get (p->childp, QCbytesize);
  if (NILP (tem))
    tem = make_number (8);
  CHECK_NUMBER (tem);
  if (XINT (tem) != 7 && XINT (tem) != 8)
    error (":bytesize must be nil (8), 7, or 8");
  summary[0] = XINT (tem) + '0';
#if defined (CSIZE) && defined (CS7) && defined (CS8)
  attr.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
  attr.c_cflag |= ((XINT (tem) == 7) ? CS7 : CS8);
#else
  /* Don't error on bytesize 8, which should be set by cfmakeraw.  */
  if (XINT (tem) != 8)
    error ("Bytesize cannot be changed");
#endif
  childp2 = Fplist_put (childp2, QCbytesize, tem);

  /* Configure parity.  */
  if (!NILP (Fplist_member (contact, QCparity)))
    tem = Fplist_get (contact, QCparity);
  else
    tem = Fplist_get (p->childp, QCparity);
  if (!NILP (tem) && !EQ (tem, Qeven) && !EQ (tem, Qodd))
    error (":parity must be nil (no parity), `even', or `odd'");
#if defined (PARENB) && defined (PARODD) && defined (IGNPAR) && defined (INPCK)
  attr.c_cflag &= ~(PARENB | PARODD);
  attr.c_iflag &= ~(IGNPAR | INPCK);
  if (NILP (tem))
    {
      summary[1] = 'N';
    }
  else if (EQ (tem, Qeven))
    {
      summary[1] = 'E';
      attr.c_cflag |= PARENB;
      attr.c_iflag |= (IGNPAR | INPCK);
    }
  else if (EQ (tem, Qodd))
    {
      summary[1] = 'O';
      attr.c_cflag |= (PARENB | PARODD);
      attr.c_iflag |= (IGNPAR | INPCK);
    }
#else
  /* Don't error on no parity, which should be set by cfmakeraw.  */
  if (!NILP (tem))
    error ("Parity cannot be configured");
#endif
  childp2 = Fplist_put (childp2, QCparity, tem);

  /* Configure stopbits.  */
  if (!NILP (Fplist_member (contact, QCstopbits)))
    tem = Fplist_get (contact, QCstopbits);
  else
    tem = Fplist_get (p->childp, QCstopbits);
  if (NILP (tem))
    tem = make_number (1);
  CHECK_NUMBER (tem);
  if (XINT (tem) != 1 && XINT (tem) != 2)
    error (":stopbits must be nil (1 stopbit), 1, or 2");
  summary[2] = XINT (tem) + '0';
#if defined (CSTOPB)
  attr.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
  if (XINT (tem) == 2)
    attr.c_cflag |= CSTOPB;
#else
  /* Don't error on 1 stopbit, which should be set by cfmakeraw.  */
  if (XINT (tem) != 1)
    error ("Stopbits cannot be configured");
#endif
  childp2 = Fplist_put (childp2, QCstopbits, tem);

  /* Configure flowcontrol.  */
  if (!NILP (Fplist_member (contact, QCflowcontrol)))
    tem = Fplist_get (contact, QCflowcontrol);
  else
    tem = Fplist_get (p->childp, QCflowcontrol);
  if (!NILP (tem) && !EQ (tem, Qhw) && !EQ (tem, Qsw))
    error (":flowcontrol must be nil (no flowcontrol), `hw', or `sw'");
#if defined (CRTSCTS)
  attr.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
#endif
#if defined (CNEW_RTSCTS)
  attr.c_cflag &= ~CNEW_RTSCTS;
#endif
#if defined (IXON) && defined (IXOFF)
  attr.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF);
#endif
  if (NILP (tem))
    {
      /* Already configured.  */
    }
  else if (EQ (tem, Qhw))
    {
#if defined (CRTSCTS)
      attr.c_cflag |= CRTSCTS;
#elif defined (CNEW_RTSCTS)
      attr.c_cflag |= CNEW_RTSCTS;
#else
      error ("Hardware flowcontrol (RTS/CTS) not supported");
#endif
    }
  else if (EQ (tem, Qsw))
    {
#if defined (IXON) && defined (IXOFF)
      attr.c_iflag |= (IXON | IXOFF);
#else
      error ("Software flowcontrol (XON/XOFF) not supported");
#endif
    }
  childp2 = Fplist_put (childp2, QCflowcontrol, tem);

  /* Activate configuration.  */
  err = tcsetattr (p->outfd, TCSANOW, &attr);
  if (err != 0)
    error ("tcsetattr() failed: %s", emacs_strerror (errno));

  childp2 = Fplist_put (childp2, QCsummary, build_string (summary));
  p->childp = childp2;

}
#endif /* not DOS_NT  */

/* System depended enumeration of and access to system processes a-la ps(1).  */

#ifdef HAVE_PROCFS

/* Process enumeration and access via /proc.  */

Lisp_Object
list_system_processes (void)
{
  Lisp_Object procdir, match, proclist, next;
  struct gcpro gcpro1, gcpro2;
  register Lisp_Object tail;

  GCPRO2 (procdir, match);
  /* For every process on the system, there's a directory in the
     "/proc" pseudo-directory whose name is the numeric ID of that
     process.  */
  procdir = build_string ("/proc");
  match = build_string ("[0-9]+");
  proclist = directory_files_internal (procdir, Qnil, match, Qt, 0, Qnil);

  /* `proclist' gives process IDs as strings.  Destructively convert
     each string into a number.  */
  for (tail = proclist; CONSP (tail); tail = next)
    {
      next = XCDR (tail);
      XSETCAR (tail, Fstring_to_number (XCAR (tail), Qnil));
    }
  UNGCPRO;

  /* directory_files_internal returns the files in reverse order; undo
     that.  */
  proclist = Fnreverse (proclist);
  return proclist;
}

/* The WINDOWSNT implementation is in w32.c.
   The MSDOS implementation is in dosfns.c.  */
#elif !defined (WINDOWSNT) && !defined (MSDOS)

Lisp_Object
list_system_processes (void)
{
  return Qnil;
}

#endif /* !defined (WINDOWSNT) */

#ifdef GNU_LINUX
static void
time_from_jiffies (unsigned long long tval, long hz,
		   time_t *sec, unsigned *usec)
{
  unsigned long long ullsec;

  *sec = tval / hz;
  ullsec = *sec;
  tval -= ullsec * hz;
  /* Careful: if HZ > 1 million, then integer division by it yields zero.  */
  if (hz <= 1000000)
    *usec = tval * 1000000 / hz;
  else
    *usec = tval / (hz / 1000000);
}

static Lisp_Object
ltime_from_jiffies (unsigned long long tval, long hz)
{
  time_t sec;
  unsigned usec;

  time_from_jiffies (tval, hz, &sec, &usec);

  return list3 (make_number ((sec >> 16) & 0xffff),
		make_number (sec & 0xffff),
		make_number (usec));
}

static void
get_up_time (time_t *sec, unsigned *usec)
{
  FILE *fup;

  *sec = *usec = 0;

  BLOCK_INPUT;
  fup = fopen ("/proc/uptime", "r");

  if (fup)
    {
      double uptime, idletime;

      /* The numbers in /proc/uptime use C-locale decimal point, but
	 we already set ourselves to the C locale (see `fixup_locale'
	 in emacs.c).  */
      if (2 <= fscanf (fup, "%lf %lf", &uptime, &idletime))
	{
	  *sec = uptime;
	  *usec = (uptime - *sec) * 1000000;
	}
      fclose (fup);
    }
  UNBLOCK_INPUT;
}

#define MAJOR(d) (((unsigned)(d) >> 8) & 0xfff)
#define MINOR(d) (((unsigned)(d) & 0xff) | (((unsigned)(d) & 0xfff00000) >> 12))

static Lisp_Object
procfs_ttyname (int rdev)
{
  FILE *fdev = NULL;
  char name[PATH_MAX];

  BLOCK_INPUT;
  fdev = fopen ("/proc/tty/drivers", "r");

  if (fdev)
    {
      unsigned major;
      unsigned long minor_beg, minor_end;
      char minor[25];	/* 2 32-bit numbers + dash */
      char *endp;

      while (!feof (fdev) && !ferror (fdev))
	{
	  if (3 <= fscanf (fdev, "%*s %s %u %s %*s\n", name, &major, minor)
	      && major == MAJOR (rdev))
	    {
	      minor_beg = strtoul (minor, &endp, 0);
	      if (*endp == '\0')
		minor_end = minor_beg;
	      else if (*endp == '-')
		minor_end = strtoul (endp + 1, &endp, 0);
	      else
		continue;

	      if (MINOR (rdev) >= minor_beg && MINOR (rdev) <= minor_end)
		{
		  sprintf (name + strlen (name), "%u", MINOR (rdev));
		  break;
		}
	    }
	}
      fclose (fdev);
    }
  UNBLOCK_INPUT;
  return build_string (name);
}

static unsigned long
procfs_get_total_memory (void)
{
  FILE *fmem = NULL;
  unsigned long retval = 2 * 1024 * 1024; /* default: 2GB */

  BLOCK_INPUT;
  fmem = fopen ("/proc/meminfo", "r");

  if (fmem)
    {
      unsigned long entry_value;
      char entry_name[20];	/* the longest I saw is 13+1 */

      while (!feof (fmem) && !ferror (fmem))
	{
	  if (2 <= fscanf (fmem, "%s %lu kB\n", entry_name, &entry_value)
	      && strcmp (entry_name, "MemTotal:") == 0)
	    {
	      retval = entry_value;
	      break;
	    }
	}
      fclose (fmem);
    }
  UNBLOCK_INPUT;
  return retval;
}

Lisp_Object
system_process_attributes (Lisp_Object pid)
{
  char procfn[PATH_MAX], fn[PATH_MAX];
  struct stat st;
  struct passwd *pw;
  struct group *gr;
  long clocks_per_sec;
  char *procfn_end;
  char procbuf[1025], *p, *q;
  int fd;
  ssize_t nread;
  const char *cmd = NULL;
  char *cmdline = NULL;
  size_t cmdsize = 0, cmdline_size;
  unsigned char c;
  int proc_id, ppid, uid, gid, pgrp, sess, tty, tpgid, thcount;
  unsigned long long utime, stime, cutime, cstime, start;
  long priority, nice, rss;
  unsigned long minflt, majflt, cminflt, cmajflt, vsize;
  time_t sec;
  unsigned usec;
  EMACS_TIME tnow, tstart, tboot, telapsed;
  double pcpu, pmem;
  Lisp_Object attrs = Qnil;
  Lisp_Object cmd_str, decoded_cmd, tem;
  struct gcpro gcpro1, gcpro2;
  EMACS_INT uid_eint, gid_eint;

  CHECK_NUMBER_OR_FLOAT (pid);
  proc_id = FLOATP (pid) ? XFLOAT_DATA (pid) : XINT (pid);
  sprintf (procfn, "/proc/%u", proc_id);
  if (stat (procfn, &st) < 0)
    return attrs;

  GCPRO2 (attrs, decoded_cmd);

  /* euid egid */
  uid = st.st_uid;
  /* Use of EMACS_INT stops GCC whining about limited range of data type.  */
  uid_eint = uid;
  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qeuid, make_fixnum_or_float (uid_eint)), attrs);
  BLOCK_INPUT;
  pw = getpwuid (uid);
  UNBLOCK_INPUT;
  if (pw)
    attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Quser, build_string (pw->pw_name)), attrs);

  gid = st.st_gid;
  gid_eint = gid;
  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qegid, make_fixnum_or_float (gid_eint)), attrs);
  BLOCK_INPUT;
  gr = getgrgid (gid);
  UNBLOCK_INPUT;
  if (gr)
    attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qgroup, build_string (gr->gr_name)), attrs);

  strcpy (fn, procfn);
  procfn_end = fn + strlen (fn);
  strcpy (procfn_end, "/stat");
  fd = emacs_open (fn, O_RDONLY, 0);
  if (fd >= 0 && (nread = emacs_read (fd, procbuf, sizeof (procbuf) - 1)) > 0)
    {
      procbuf[nread] = '\0';
      p = procbuf;

      p = strchr (p, '(');
      if (p != NULL)
	{
	  q = strrchr (p + 1, ')');
	  /* comm */
	  if (q != NULL)
	    {
	      cmd = p + 1;
	      cmdsize = q - cmd;
	    }
	}
      else
	q = NULL;
      if (cmd == NULL)
	{
	  cmd = "???";
	  cmdsize = 3;
	}
      /* Command name is encoded in locale-coding-system; decode it.  */
      cmd_str = make_unibyte_string (cmd, cmdsize);
      decoded_cmd = code_convert_string_norecord (cmd_str,
						  Vlocale_coding_system, 0);
      attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qcomm, decoded_cmd), attrs);

      if (q)
	{
	  EMACS_INT ppid_eint, pgrp_eint, sess_eint, tpgid_eint, thcount_eint;
	  p = q + 2;
	  /* state ppid pgrp sess tty tpgid . minflt cminflt majflt cmajflt utime stime cutime cstime priority nice thcount . start vsize rss */
	  sscanf (p, "%c %d %d %d %d %d %*u %lu %lu %lu %lu %Lu %Lu %Lu %Lu %ld %ld %d %*d %Lu %lu %ld",
		  &c, &ppid, &pgrp, &sess, &tty, &tpgid,
		  &minflt, &cminflt, &majflt, &cmajflt,
		  &utime, &stime, &cutime, &cstime,
		  &priority, &nice, &thcount, &start, &vsize, &rss);
	  {
	    char state_str[2];

	    state_str[0] = c;
	    state_str[1] = '\0';
	    tem =  build_string (state_str);
	    attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qstate, tem), attrs);
	  }
	  /* Stops GCC whining about limited range of data type.  */
	  ppid_eint = ppid;
	  pgrp_eint = pgrp;
	  sess_eint = sess;
	  tpgid_eint = tpgid;
	  thcount_eint = thcount;
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qppid, make_fixnum_or_float (ppid_eint)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qpgrp, make_fixnum_or_float (pgrp_eint)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qsess, make_fixnum_or_float (sess_eint)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qttname, procfs_ttyname (tty)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qtpgid, make_fixnum_or_float (tpgid_eint)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qminflt, make_fixnum_or_float (minflt)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qmajflt, make_fixnum_or_float (majflt)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qcminflt, make_fixnum_or_float (cminflt)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qcmajflt, make_fixnum_or_float (cmajflt)), attrs);
	  clocks_per_sec = sysconf (_SC_CLK_TCK);
	  if (clocks_per_sec < 0)
	    clocks_per_sec = 100;
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qutime,
				ltime_from_jiffies (utime, clocks_per_sec)),
			 attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qstime,
				ltime_from_jiffies (stime, clocks_per_sec)),
			 attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qtime,
				ltime_from_jiffies (stime+utime, clocks_per_sec)),
			 attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qcutime,
				ltime_from_jiffies (cutime, clocks_per_sec)),
			 attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qcstime,
				ltime_from_jiffies (cstime, clocks_per_sec)),
			 attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qctime,
				ltime_from_jiffies (cstime+cutime, clocks_per_sec)),
			 attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qpri, make_number (priority)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qnice, make_number (nice)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qthcount, make_fixnum_or_float (thcount_eint)), attrs);
	  EMACS_GET_TIME (tnow);
	  get_up_time (&sec, &usec);
	  EMACS_SET_SECS (telapsed, sec);
	  EMACS_SET_USECS (telapsed, usec);
	  EMACS_SUB_TIME (tboot, tnow, telapsed);
	  time_from_jiffies (start, clocks_per_sec, &sec, &usec);
	  EMACS_SET_SECS (tstart, sec);
	  EMACS_SET_USECS (tstart, usec);
	  EMACS_ADD_TIME (tstart, tboot, tstart);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qstart,
				list3 (make_number
				       ((EMACS_SECS (tstart) >> 16) & 0xffff),
				       make_number
				       (EMACS_SECS (tstart) & 0xffff),
				       make_number
				       (EMACS_USECS (tstart)))),
			 attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qvsize, make_fixnum_or_float (vsize/1024)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qrss, make_fixnum_or_float (4*rss)), attrs);
	  EMACS_SUB_TIME (telapsed, tnow, tstart);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qetime,
				list3 (make_number
				       ((EMACS_SECS (telapsed) >> 16) & 0xffff),
				       make_number
				       (EMACS_SECS (telapsed) & 0xffff),
				       make_number
				       (EMACS_USECS (telapsed)))),
			 attrs);
	  time_from_jiffies (utime + stime, clocks_per_sec, &sec, &usec);
	  pcpu = (sec + usec / 1000000.0) / (EMACS_SECS (telapsed) + EMACS_USECS (telapsed) / 1000000.0);
	  if (pcpu > 1.0)
	    pcpu = 1.0;
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qpcpu, make_float (100 * pcpu)), attrs);
	  pmem = 4.0 * 100 * rss / procfs_get_total_memory ();
	  if (pmem > 100)
	    pmem = 100;
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qpmem, make_float (pmem)), attrs);
	}
    }
  if (fd >= 0)
    emacs_close (fd);

  /* args */
  strcpy (procfn_end, "/cmdline");
  fd = emacs_open (fn, O_RDONLY, 0);
  if (fd >= 0)
    {
      for (cmdline_size = 0; emacs_read (fd, &c, 1) == 1; cmdline_size++)
	{
	  if (isspace (c) || c == '\\')
	    cmdline_size++;	/* for later quoting, see below */
	}
      if (cmdline_size)
	{
	  cmdline = xmalloc (cmdline_size + 1);
	  lseek (fd, 0L, SEEK_SET);
	  cmdline[0] = '\0';
	  if ((nread = read (fd, cmdline, cmdline_size)) >= 0)
	    cmdline[nread++] = '\0';
	  else
	    {
	      /* Assigning zero to `nread' makes us skip the following
		 two loops, assign zero to cmdline_size, and enter the
		 following `if' clause that handles unknown command
		 lines.  */
	      nread = 0;
	    }
	  /* We don't want trailing null characters.  */
	  for (p = cmdline + nread - 1; p > cmdline && !*p; p--)
	    nread--;
	  for (p = cmdline; p < cmdline + nread; p++)
	    {
	      /* Escape-quote whitespace and backslashes.  */
	      if (isspace (*p) || *p == '\\')
		{
		  memmove (p + 1, p, nread - (p - cmdline));
		  nread++;
		  *p++ = '\\';
		}
	      else if (*p == '\0')
		*p = ' ';
	    }
	  cmdline_size = nread;
	}
      if (!cmdline_size)
	{
	  if (!cmd)
	    cmd = "???";
	  if (!cmdsize)
	    cmdsize = strlen (cmd);
	  cmdline_size = cmdsize + 2;
	  cmdline = xmalloc (cmdline_size + 1);
	  strcpy (cmdline, "[");
	  strcat (strncat (cmdline, cmd, cmdsize), "]");
	}
      emacs_close (fd);
      /* Command line is encoded in locale-coding-system; decode it.  */
      cmd_str = make_unibyte_string (cmdline, cmdline_size);
      decoded_cmd = code_convert_string_norecord (cmd_str,
						  Vlocale_coding_system, 0);
      xfree (cmdline);
      attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qargs, decoded_cmd), attrs);
    }

  UNGCPRO;
  return attrs;
}

#elif defined (SOLARIS2) && defined (HAVE_PROCFS)

/* The <procfs.h> header does not like to be included if _LP64 is defined and
   __FILE_OFFSET_BITS == 64.  This is an ugly workaround that.  */
#if !defined (_LP64) && defined (_FILE_OFFSET_BITS) &&  (_FILE_OFFSET_BITS  ==  64)
#define PROCFS_FILE_OFFSET_BITS_HACK 1
#undef _FILE_OFFSET_BITS
#else
#define PROCFS_FILE_OFFSET_BITS_HACK 0
#endif

#include <procfs.h>

#if PROCFS_FILE_OFFSET_BITS_HACK ==  1
#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
#endif /* PROCFS_FILE_OFFSET_BITS_HACK ==  1 */

Lisp_Object
system_process_attributes (Lisp_Object pid)
{
  char procfn[PATH_MAX], fn[PATH_MAX];
  struct stat st;
  struct passwd *pw;
  struct group *gr;
  char *procfn_end;
  struct psinfo pinfo;
  int fd;
  ssize_t nread;
  int proc_id, uid, gid;
  Lisp_Object attrs = Qnil;
  Lisp_Object decoded_cmd, tem;
  struct gcpro gcpro1, gcpro2;
  EMACS_INT uid_eint, gid_eint;

  CHECK_NUMBER_OR_FLOAT (pid);
  proc_id = FLOATP (pid) ? XFLOAT_DATA (pid) : XINT (pid);
  sprintf (procfn, "/proc/%u", proc_id);
  if (stat (procfn, &st) < 0)
    return attrs;

  GCPRO2 (attrs, decoded_cmd);

  /* euid egid */
  uid = st.st_uid;
  /* Use of EMACS_INT stops GCC whining about limited range of data type.  */
  uid_eint = uid;
  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qeuid, make_fixnum_or_float (uid_eint)), attrs);
  BLOCK_INPUT;
  pw = getpwuid (uid);
  UNBLOCK_INPUT;
  if (pw)
    attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Quser, build_string (pw->pw_name)), attrs);

  gid = st.st_gid;
  gid_eint = gid;
  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qegid, make_fixnum_or_float (gid_eint)), attrs);
  BLOCK_INPUT;
  gr = getgrgid (gid);
  UNBLOCK_INPUT;
  if (gr)
    attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qgroup, build_string (gr->gr_name)), attrs);

  strcpy (fn, procfn);
  procfn_end = fn + strlen (fn);
  strcpy (procfn_end, "/psinfo");
  fd = emacs_open (fn, O_RDONLY, 0);
  if (fd >= 0
      && (nread = read (fd, (char*)&pinfo, sizeof (struct psinfo)) > 0))
    {
          attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qppid, make_fixnum_or_float (pinfo.pr_ppid)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qpgrp, make_fixnum_or_float (pinfo.pr_pgid)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qsess, make_fixnum_or_float (pinfo.pr_sid)), attrs);

	  {
	    char state_str[2];
	    state_str[0] =  pinfo.pr_lwp.pr_sname;
	    state_str[1] =  '\0';
	    tem =   build_string (state_str);
	    attrs =  Fcons (Fcons (Qstate,  tem),  attrs);
	  }

	  /* FIXME: missing Qttyname. psinfo.pr_ttydev is a dev_t,
	     need to get a string from it. */

	  /* FIXME: missing: Qtpgid */

	  /* FIXME: missing:
		Qminflt
		Qmajflt
		Qcminflt
		Qcmajflt

		Qutime
		Qcutime
		Qstime
		Qcstime
		Are they available? */

	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qtime,
	  			list3 (make_number (pinfo.pr_time.tv_sec >> 16),
	  			       make_number (pinfo.pr_time.tv_sec & 0xffff),
	  			       make_number (pinfo.pr_time.tv_nsec))),
	  		 attrs);

	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qctime,
	  			list3 (make_number (pinfo.pr_ctime.tv_sec >> 16),
	  			       make_number (pinfo.pr_ctime.tv_sec & 0xffff),
	  			       make_number (pinfo.pr_ctime.tv_nsec))),
	  		 attrs);

	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qpri, make_number (pinfo.pr_lwp.pr_pri)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qnice, make_number (pinfo.pr_lwp.pr_nice)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qthcount, make_fixnum_or_float (pinfo.pr_nlwp)), attrs);

	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qstart,
	  			list3 (make_number (pinfo.pr_start.tv_sec >> 16),
	  			       make_number (pinfo.pr_start.tv_sec & 0xffff),
	  			       make_number (pinfo.pr_start.tv_nsec))),
	  		 attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qvsize, make_fixnum_or_float (pinfo.pr_size)), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qrss, make_fixnum_or_float (pinfo.pr_rssize)), attrs);

	  /* pr_pctcpu and pr_pctmem are encoded as a fixed point 16 bit number in  [0 ... 1].  */
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qpcpu, (pinfo.pr_pctcpu * 100.0) / (double)0x8000), attrs);
	  attrs = Fcons (Fcons (Qpmem, (pinfo.pr_pctmem * 100.0) / (double)0x8000), attrs);

	  decoded_cmd
	    =  code_convert_string_norecord (make_unibyte_string (pinfo.pr_fname,
								  strlen (pinfo.pr_fname)),
					     Vlocale_coding_system,  0);
	  attrs =  Fcons (Fcons (Qcomm,  decoded_cmd),  attrs);
	  decoded_cmd
	    =  code_convert_string_norecord (make_unibyte_string (pinfo.pr_psargs,
								  strlen (pinfo.pr_psargs)),
					     Vlocale_coding_system,  0);
	  attrs =  Fcons (Fcons (Qargs,  decoded_cmd),  attrs);
    }

  if (fd >= 0)
    emacs_close (fd);

  UNGCPRO;
  return attrs;
}

/* The WINDOWSNT implementation is in w32.c.
   The MSDOS implementation is in dosfns.c.  */
#elif !defined (WINDOWSNT) && !defined (MSDOS)

Lisp_Object
system_process_attributes (Lisp_Object pid)
{
  return Qnil;
}

#endif	/* !defined (WINDOWSNT) */


/* arch-tag: edb43589-4e09-4544-b325-978b5b121dcf
   (do not change this comment) */