Mercurial > emacs
annotate lisp/calc/calc-comb.el @ 61693:ee35f03204fe
Remove eol whitespace; nfc.
author | Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org> |
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date | Wed, 20 Apr 2005 10:54:46 +0000 |
parents | 0ac9bc0d2ec1 |
children | a27ed02e5a65 eac554634bfa |
rev | line source |
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1 ;;; calc-comb.el --- combinatoric functions for Calc |
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2 |
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3 ;; Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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4 |
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5 ;; Author: David Gillespie <daveg@synaptics.com> |
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6 ;; Maintainer: Jay Belanger <belanger@truman.edu> |
40785 | 7 |
8 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs. | |
9 | |
10 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
11 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY. No author or distributor | |
12 ;; accepts responsibility to anyone for the consequences of using it | |
13 ;; or for whether it serves any particular purpose or works at all, | |
14 ;; unless he says so in writing. Refer to the GNU Emacs General Public | |
15 ;; License for full details. | |
16 | |
17 ;; Everyone is granted permission to copy, modify and redistribute | |
18 ;; GNU Emacs, but only under the conditions described in the | |
19 ;; GNU Emacs General Public License. A copy of this license is | |
20 ;; supposed to have been given to you along with GNU Emacs so you | |
21 ;; can know your rights and responsibilities. It should be in a | |
22 ;; file named COPYING. Among other things, the copyright notice | |
23 ;; and this notice must be preserved on all copies. | |
24 | |
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25 ;;; Commentary: |
40785 | 26 |
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27 ;;; Code: |
40785 | 28 |
29 ;; This file is autoloaded from calc-ext.el. | |
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30 |
40785 | 31 (require 'calc-ext) |
32 (require 'calc-macs) | |
33 | |
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34 (defconst math-primes-table |
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80 4987 4993 4999 5003]) |
40785 | 81 |
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82 ;; The variable math-prime-factors-finished is set by calcFunc-prfac to |
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83 ;; indicate whether factoring is complete, and used by calcFunc-factors, |
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84 ;; calcFunc-totient and calcFunc-moebius. |
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85 (defvar math-prime-factors-finished) |
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86 |
40785 | 87 ;;; Combinatorics |
88 | |
89 (defun calc-gcd (arg) | |
90 (interactive "P") | |
91 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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92 (calc-binary-op "gcd" 'calcFunc-gcd arg))) |
40785 | 93 |
94 (defun calc-lcm (arg) | |
95 (interactive "P") | |
96 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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97 (calc-binary-op "lcm" 'calcFunc-lcm arg))) |
40785 | 98 |
99 (defun calc-extended-gcd () | |
100 (interactive) | |
101 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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102 (calc-enter-result 2 "egcd" (cons 'calcFunc-egcd (calc-top-list-n 2))))) |
40785 | 103 |
104 (defun calc-factorial (arg) | |
105 (interactive "P") | |
106 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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107 (calc-unary-op "fact" 'calcFunc-fact arg))) |
40785 | 108 |
109 (defun calc-gamma (arg) | |
110 (interactive "P") | |
111 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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112 (calc-unary-op "gmma" 'calcFunc-gamma arg))) |
40785 | 113 |
114 (defun calc-double-factorial (arg) | |
115 (interactive "P") | |
116 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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117 (calc-unary-op "dfac" 'calcFunc-dfact arg))) |
40785 | 118 |
119 (defun calc-choose (arg) | |
120 (interactive "P") | |
121 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
122 (if (calc-is-hyperbolic) | |
123 (calc-binary-op "perm" 'calcFunc-perm arg) | |
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124 (calc-binary-op "chos" 'calcFunc-choose arg)))) |
40785 | 125 |
126 (defun calc-perm (arg) | |
127 (interactive "P") | |
128 (calc-hyperbolic-func) | |
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129 (calc-choose arg)) |
40785 | 130 |
131 (defvar calc-last-random-limit '(float 1 0)) | |
132 (defun calc-random (n) | |
133 (interactive "P") | |
134 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
135 (if n | |
136 (calc-enter-result 0 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random | |
137 (calc-get-random-limit | |
138 (prefix-numeric-value n)))) | |
139 (calc-enter-result 1 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random | |
140 (calc-get-random-limit | |
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141 (calc-top-n 1))))))) |
40785 | 142 |
143 (defun calc-get-random-limit (val) | |
144 (if (eq val 0) | |
145 calc-last-random-limit | |
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146 (setq calc-last-random-limit val))) |
40785 | 147 |
148 (defun calc-rrandom () | |
149 (interactive) | |
150 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
151 (setq calc-last-random-limit '(float 1 0)) | |
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152 (calc-enter-result 0 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random '(float 1 0))))) |
40785 | 153 |
154 (defun calc-random-again (arg) | |
155 (interactive "p") | |
156 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
157 (while (>= (setq arg (1- arg)) 0) | |
158 (calc-enter-result 0 "rand" (list 'calcFunc-random | |
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159 calc-last-random-limit))))) |
40785 | 160 |
161 (defun calc-shuffle (n) | |
162 (interactive "P") | |
163 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
164 (if n | |
165 (calc-enter-result 1 "shuf" (list 'calcFunc-shuffle | |
166 (prefix-numeric-value n) | |
167 (calc-get-random-limit | |
168 (calc-top-n 1)))) | |
169 (calc-enter-result 2 "shuf" (list 'calcFunc-shuffle | |
170 (calc-top-n 1) | |
171 (calc-get-random-limit | |
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172 (calc-top-n 2))))))) |
40785 | 173 |
174 (defun calc-report-prime-test (res) | |
175 (cond ((eq (car res) t) | |
176 (calc-record-message "prim" "Prime (guaranteed)")) | |
177 ((eq (car res) nil) | |
178 (if (cdr res) | |
179 (if (eq (nth 1 res) 'unknown) | |
180 (calc-record-message | |
181 "prim" "Non-prime (factors unknown)") | |
182 (calc-record-message | |
183 "prim" "Non-prime (%s is a factor)" | |
184 (math-format-number (nth 1 res)))) | |
185 (calc-record-message "prim" "Non-prime"))) | |
186 (t | |
187 (calc-record-message | |
188 "prim" "Probably prime (%d iters; %s%% chance of error)" | |
189 (nth 1 res) | |
190 (let ((calc-float-format '(fix 2))) | |
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191 (math-format-number (nth 2 res))))))) |
40785 | 192 |
193 (defun calc-prime-test (iters) | |
194 (interactive "p") | |
195 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
196 (let* ((n (calc-top-n 1)) | |
197 (res (math-prime-test n iters))) | |
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198 (calc-report-prime-test res)))) |
40785 | 199 |
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200 (defvar calc-verbose-nextprime nil) |
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201 |
40785 | 202 (defun calc-next-prime (iters) |
203 (interactive "p") | |
204 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
205 (let ((calc-verbose-nextprime t)) | |
206 (if (calc-is-inverse) | |
207 (calc-enter-result 1 "prvp" (list 'calcFunc-prevprime | |
208 (calc-top-n 1) (math-abs iters))) | |
209 (calc-enter-result 1 "nxtp" (list 'calcFunc-nextprime | |
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210 (calc-top-n 1) (math-abs iters))))))) |
40785 | 211 |
212 (defun calc-prev-prime (iters) | |
213 (interactive "p") | |
214 (calc-invert-func) | |
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215 (calc-next-prime iters)) |
40785 | 216 |
217 (defun calc-prime-factors (iters) | |
218 (interactive "p") | |
219 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
220 (let ((res (calcFunc-prfac (calc-top-n 1)))) | |
221 (if (not math-prime-factors-finished) | |
222 (calc-record-message "pfac" "Warning: May not be fully factored")) | |
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223 (calc-enter-result 1 "pfac" res)))) |
40785 | 224 |
225 (defun calc-totient (arg) | |
226 (interactive "P") | |
227 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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228 (calc-unary-op "phi" 'calcFunc-totient arg))) |
40785 | 229 |
230 (defun calc-moebius (arg) | |
231 (interactive "P") | |
232 (calc-slow-wrapper | |
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233 (calc-unary-op "mu" 'calcFunc-moebius arg))) |
40785 | 234 |
235 | |
236 (defun calcFunc-gcd (a b) | |
237 (if (Math-messy-integerp a) | |
238 (setq a (math-trunc a))) | |
239 (if (Math-messy-integerp b) | |
240 (setq b (math-trunc b))) | |
241 (cond ((and (Math-integerp a) (Math-integerp b)) | |
242 (math-gcd a b)) | |
243 ((Math-looks-negp a) | |
244 (calcFunc-gcd (math-neg a) b)) | |
245 ((Math-looks-negp b) | |
246 (calcFunc-gcd a (math-neg b))) | |
247 ((Math-zerop a) b) | |
248 ((Math-zerop b) a) | |
249 ((and (Math-ratp a) | |
250 (Math-ratp b)) | |
251 (math-make-frac (math-gcd (if (eq (car-safe a) 'frac) (nth 1 a) a) | |
252 (if (eq (car-safe b) 'frac) (nth 1 b) b)) | |
253 (calcFunc-lcm | |
254 (if (eq (car-safe a) 'frac) (nth 2 a) 1) | |
255 (if (eq (car-safe b) 'frac) (nth 2 b) 1)))) | |
256 ((not (Math-integerp a)) | |
257 (calc-record-why 'integerp a) | |
258 (list 'calcFunc-gcd a b)) | |
259 (t | |
260 (calc-record-why 'integerp b) | |
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261 (list 'calcFunc-gcd a b)))) |
40785 | 262 |
263 (defun calcFunc-lcm (a b) | |
264 (let ((g (calcFunc-gcd a b))) | |
265 (if (Math-numberp g) | |
266 (math-div (math-mul a b) g) | |
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267 (list 'calcFunc-lcm a b)))) |
40785 | 268 |
269 (defun calcFunc-egcd (a b) ; Knuth section 4.5.2 | |
270 (cond | |
271 ((not (Math-integerp a)) | |
272 (if (Math-messy-integerp a) | |
273 (calcFunc-egcd (math-trunc a) b) | |
274 (calc-record-why 'integerp a) | |
275 (list 'calcFunc-egcd a b))) | |
276 ((not (Math-integerp b)) | |
277 (if (Math-messy-integerp b) | |
278 (calcFunc-egcd a (math-trunc b)) | |
279 (calc-record-why 'integerp b) | |
280 (list 'calcFunc-egcd a b))) | |
281 (t | |
282 (let ((u1 1) (u2 0) (u3 a) | |
283 (v1 0) (v2 1) (v3 b) | |
284 t1 t2 q) | |
285 (while (not (eq v3 0)) | |
286 (setq q (math-idivmod u3 v3) | |
287 t1 (math-sub u1 (math-mul v1 (car q))) | |
288 t2 (math-sub u2 (math-mul v2 (car q))) | |
289 u1 v1 u2 v2 u3 v3 | |
290 v1 t1 v2 t2 v3 (cdr q))) | |
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291 (list 'vec u3 u1 u2))))) |
40785 | 292 |
293 | |
294 ;;; Factorial and related functions. | |
295 | |
296 (defun calcFunc-fact (n) ; [I I] [F F] [Public] | |
297 (let (temp) | |
298 (cond ((Math-integer-negp n) | |
299 (if calc-infinite-mode | |
300 '(var uinf var-uinf) | |
301 (math-reject-arg n 'range))) | |
302 ((integerp n) | |
303 (if (<= n 20) | |
304 (aref '[1 1 2 6 24 120 720 5040 40320 362880 | |
305 (bigpos 800 628 3) (bigpos 800 916 39) | |
306 (bigpos 600 1 479) (bigpos 800 20 227 6) | |
307 (bigpos 200 291 178 87) (bigpos 0 368 674 307 1) | |
308 (bigpos 0 888 789 922 20) (bigpos 0 96 428 687 355) | |
309 (bigpos 0 728 705 373 402 6) | |
310 (bigpos 0 832 408 100 645 121) | |
311 (bigpos 0 640 176 8 902 432 2)] n) | |
312 (math-factorial-iter (1- n) 2 1))) | |
313 ((and (math-messy-integerp n) | |
314 (Math-lessp n 100)) | |
315 (math-inexact-result) | |
316 (setq temp (math-trunc n)) | |
317 (if (>= temp 0) | |
318 (if (<= temp 20) | |
319 (math-float (calcFunc-fact temp)) | |
320 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
321 (math-factorial-iter (1- temp) 2 '(float 1 0)))) | |
322 (math-reject-arg n 'range))) | |
323 ((math-numberp n) | |
324 (let* ((q (math-quarter-integer n)) | |
325 (tn (and q (Math-lessp n 1000) (Math-lessp -1000 n) | |
326 (1+ (math-floor n))))) | |
327 (cond ((and tn (= q 2) | |
328 (or calc-symbolic-mode (< (math-abs tn) 20))) | |
329 (let ((q (if (< tn 0) | |
330 (math-div | |
331 (math-pow -2 (- tn)) | |
332 (math-double-factorial-iter (* -2 tn) 3 1 2)) | |
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333 (math-div |
40785 | 334 (math-double-factorial-iter (* 2 tn) 3 1 2) |
335 (math-pow 2 tn))))) | |
336 (math-mul q (if calc-symbolic-mode | |
337 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt '(var pi var-pi)) | |
338 (math-sqrt-pi))))) | |
339 ((and tn (>= tn 0) (< tn 20) | |
340 (memq q '(1 3))) | |
341 (math-inexact-result) | |
342 (math-div | |
343 (math-mul (math-double-factorial-iter (* 4 tn) q 1 4) | |
344 (if (= q 1) (math-gamma-1q) (math-gamma-3q))) | |
345 (math-pow 4 tn))) | |
346 (t | |
347 (math-inexact-result) | |
348 (math-with-extra-prec 3 | |
349 (math-gammap1-raw (math-float n))))))) | |
350 ((equal n '(var inf var-inf)) n) | |
351 (t (calc-record-why 'numberp n) | |
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352 (list 'calcFunc-fact n))))) |
40785 | 353 |
354 (math-defcache math-gamma-1q nil | |
355 (math-with-extra-prec 3 | |
356 (math-gammap1-raw '(float -75 -2)))) | |
357 | |
358 (math-defcache math-gamma-3q nil | |
359 (math-with-extra-prec 3 | |
360 (math-gammap1-raw '(float -25 -2)))) | |
361 | |
362 (defun math-factorial-iter (count n f) | |
363 (if (= (% n 5) 1) | |
364 (math-working (format "factorial(%d)" (1- n)) f)) | |
365 (if (> count 0) | |
366 (math-factorial-iter (1- count) (1+ n) (math-mul n f)) | |
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367 f)) |
40785 | 368 |
369 (defun calcFunc-dfact (n) ; [I I] [F F] [Public] | |
370 (cond ((Math-integer-negp n) | |
371 (if (math-oddp n) | |
372 (if (eq n -1) | |
373 1 | |
374 (math-div (if (eq (math-mod n 4) 3) 1 -1) | |
375 (calcFunc-dfact (math-sub -2 n)))) | |
376 (list 'calcFunc-dfact n))) | |
377 ((Math-zerop n) 1) | |
378 ((integerp n) (math-double-factorial-iter n (+ 2 (% n 2)) 1 2)) | |
379 ((math-messy-integerp n) | |
380 (let ((temp (math-trunc n))) | |
381 (math-inexact-result) | |
382 (if (natnump temp) | |
383 (if (Math-lessp temp 200) | |
384 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
385 (math-double-factorial-iter temp (+ 2 (% temp 2)) | |
386 '(float 1 0) 2)) | |
387 (let* ((half (math-div2 temp)) | |
388 (even (math-mul (math-pow 2 half) | |
389 (calcFunc-fact (math-float half))))) | |
390 (if (math-evenp temp) | |
391 even | |
392 (math-div (calcFunc-fact n) even)))) | |
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393 (list 'calcFunc-dfact n)))) |
40785 | 394 ((equal n '(var inf var-inf)) n) |
395 (t (calc-record-why 'natnump n) | |
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396 (list 'calcFunc-dfact n)))) |
40785 | 397 |
398 (defun math-double-factorial-iter (max n f step) | |
399 (if (< (% n 12) step) | |
400 (math-working (format "dfact(%d)" (- n step)) f)) | |
401 (if (<= n max) | |
402 (math-double-factorial-iter max (+ n step) (math-mul n f) step) | |
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403 f)) |
40785 | 404 |
405 (defun calcFunc-perm (n m) ; [I I I] [F F F] [Public] | |
406 (cond ((and (integerp n) (integerp m) (<= m n) (>= m 0)) | |
407 (math-factorial-iter m (1+ (- n m)) 1)) | |
408 ((or (not (math-num-integerp n)) | |
409 (and (math-messy-integerp n) (Math-lessp 100 n)) | |
410 (not (math-num-integerp m)) | |
411 (and (math-messy-integerp m) (Math-lessp 100 m))) | |
412 (or (math-realp n) (equal n '(var inf var-inf)) | |
413 (math-reject-arg n 'realp)) | |
414 (or (math-realp m) (equal m '(var inf var-inf)) | |
415 (math-reject-arg m 'realp)) | |
416 (and (math-num-integerp n) (math-negp n) (math-reject-arg n 'range)) | |
417 (and (math-num-integerp m) (math-negp m) (math-reject-arg m 'range)) | |
418 (math-div (calcFunc-fact n) (calcFunc-fact (math-sub n m)))) | |
419 (t | |
420 (let ((tn (math-trunc n)) | |
421 (tm (math-trunc m))) | |
422 (math-inexact-result) | |
423 (or (integerp tn) (math-reject-arg tn 'fixnump)) | |
424 (or (integerp tm) (math-reject-arg tm 'fixnump)) | |
425 (or (and (<= tm tn) (>= tm 0)) (math-reject-arg tm 'range)) | |
426 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
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427 (math-factorial-iter tm (1+ (- tn tm)) '(float 1 0))))))) |
40785 | 428 |
429 (defun calcFunc-choose (n m) ; [I I I] [F F F] [Public] | |
430 (cond ((and (integerp n) (integerp m) (<= m n) (>= m 0)) | |
431 (if (> m (/ n 2)) | |
432 (math-choose-iter (- n m) n 1 1) | |
433 (math-choose-iter m n 1 1))) | |
434 ((not (math-realp n)) | |
435 (math-reject-arg n 'realp)) | |
436 ((not (math-realp m)) | |
437 (math-reject-arg m 'realp)) | |
438 ((not (math-num-integerp m)) | |
439 (if (and (math-num-integerp n) (math-negp n)) | |
440 (list 'calcFunc-choose n m) | |
441 (math-div (calcFunc-fact (math-float n)) | |
442 (math-mul (calcFunc-fact m) | |
443 (calcFunc-fact (math-sub n m)))))) | |
444 ((math-negp m) 0) | |
445 ((math-negp n) | |
446 (let ((val (calcFunc-choose (math-add (math-add n m) -1) m))) | |
447 (if (math-evenp (math-trunc m)) | |
448 val | |
449 (math-neg val)))) | |
450 ((and (math-num-integerp n) | |
451 (Math-lessp n m)) | |
452 0) | |
453 (t | |
454 (math-inexact-result) | |
455 (let ((tm (math-trunc m))) | |
456 (or (integerp tm) (math-reject-arg tm 'fixnump)) | |
457 (if (> tm 100) | |
458 (math-div (calcFunc-fact (math-float n)) | |
459 (math-mul (calcFunc-fact (math-float m)) | |
460 (calcFunc-fact (math-float | |
461 (math-sub n m))))) | |
462 (math-with-extra-prec 1 | |
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463 (math-choose-float-iter tm n 1 1))))))) |
40785 | 464 |
465 (defun math-choose-iter (m n i c) | |
466 (if (and (= (% i 5) 1) (> i 5)) | |
467 (math-working (format "choose(%d)" (1- i)) c)) | |
468 (if (<= i m) | |
469 (math-choose-iter m (1- n) (1+ i) | |
470 (math-quotient (math-mul c n) i)) | |
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471 c)) |
40785 | 472 |
473 (defun math-choose-float-iter (count n i c) | |
474 (if (= (% i 5) 1) | |
475 (math-working (format "choose(%d)" (1- i)) c)) | |
476 (if (> count 0) | |
477 (math-choose-float-iter (1- count) (math-sub n 1) (1+ i) | |
478 (math-div (math-mul c n) i)) | |
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479 c)) |
40785 | 480 |
481 | |
482 ;;; Stirling numbers. | |
483 | |
484 (defun calcFunc-stir1 (n m) | |
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485 (math-stirling-number n m 1)) |
40785 | 486 |
487 (defun calcFunc-stir2 (n m) | |
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488 (math-stirling-number n m 0)) |
40785 | 489 |
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490 (defvar math-stirling-cache (vector [[1]] [[1]])) |
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491 |
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492 ;; The variable math-stirling-local-cache is local to |
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493 ;; math-stirling-number, but is used by math-stirling-1 |
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494 ;; and math-stirling-2, which are called by math-stirling-number. |
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495 (defvar math-stirling-local-cache) |
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496 |
40785 | 497 (defun math-stirling-number (n m k) |
498 (or (math-num-natnump n) (math-reject-arg n 'natnump)) | |
499 (or (math-num-natnump m) (math-reject-arg m 'natnump)) | |
500 (if (consp n) (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
501 (or (integerp n) (math-reject-arg n 'fixnump)) | |
502 (if (consp m) (setq m (math-trunc m))) | |
503 (or (integerp m) (math-reject-arg m 'fixnump)) | |
504 (if (< n m) | |
505 0 | |
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506 (let ((math-stirling-local-cache (aref math-stirling-cache k))) |
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507 (while (<= (length math-stirling-local-cache) n) |
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508 (let ((i (1- (length math-stirling-local-cache))) |
40785 | 509 row) |
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510 (setq math-stirling-local-cache |
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511 (vconcat math-stirling-local-cache |
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512 (make-vector (length math-stirling-local-cache) nil))) |
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513 (aset math-stirling-cache k math-stirling-local-cache) |
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514 (while (< (setq i (1+ i)) (length math-stirling-local-cache)) |
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515 (aset math-stirling-local-cache i (setq row (make-vector (1+ i) nil))) |
40785 | 516 (aset row 0 0) |
517 (aset row i 1)))) | |
518 (if (= k 1) | |
519 (math-stirling-1 n m) | |
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520 (math-stirling-2 n m))))) |
40785 | 521 |
522 (defun math-stirling-1 (n m) | |
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523 (or (aref (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m) |
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524 (aset (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m |
40785 | 525 (math-add (math-stirling-1 (1- n) (1- m)) |
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526 (math-mul (- 1 n) (math-stirling-1 (1- n) m)))))) |
40785 | 527 |
528 (defun math-stirling-2 (n m) | |
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529 (or (aref (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m) |
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530 (aset (aref math-stirling-local-cache n) m |
40785 | 531 (math-add (math-stirling-2 (1- n) (1- m)) |
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532 (math-mul m (math-stirling-2 (1- n) m)))))) |
40785 | 533 |
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534 (defvar math-random-table nil) |
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535 (defvar math-last-RandSeed nil) |
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536 (defvar math-random-ptr1 nil) |
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537 (defvar math-random-ptr2 nil) |
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538 (defvar math-random-shift nil) |
40785 | 539 |
540 ;;; Produce a random 10-bit integer, with (random) if no seed provided, | |
541 ;;; or else with Numerical Recipes algorithm ran3 / Knuth 3.2.2-A. | |
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542 |
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543 (defvar var-RandSeed) |
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544 (defvar math-random-cache nil) |
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545 (defvar math-gaussian-cache nil) |
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546 |
40785 | 547 (defun math-init-random-base () |
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548 (if (and (boundp 'var-RandSeed) var-RandSeed) |
40785 | 549 (if (eq (car-safe var-RandSeed) 'vec) |
550 nil | |
551 (if (Math-integerp var-RandSeed) | |
552 (let* ((seed (math-sub 161803 var-RandSeed)) | |
553 (mj (1+ (math-mod seed '(bigpos 0 0 1)))) | |
554 (mk (1+ (math-mod (math-quotient seed '(bigpos 0 0 1)) | |
555 '(bigpos 0 0 1)))) | |
556 (i 0)) | |
557 (setq math-random-table (cons 'vec (make-list 55 mj))) | |
558 (while (<= (setq i (1+ i)) 54) | |
559 (let* ((ii (% (* i 21) 55)) | |
560 (p (nthcdr ii math-random-table))) | |
561 (setcar p mk) | |
562 (setq mk (- mj mk) | |
563 mj (car p))))) | |
564 (math-reject-arg var-RandSeed "*RandSeed must be an integer")) | |
565 (setq var-RandSeed (list 'vec var-RandSeed) | |
566 math-random-ptr1 math-random-table | |
567 math-random-cache nil | |
568 math-random-ptr2 (nthcdr 31 math-random-table)) | |
569 (let ((i 200)) | |
570 (while (> (setq i (1- i)) 0) | |
571 (math-random-base)))) | |
572 (random t) | |
573 (setq var-RandSeed nil | |
574 math-random-cache nil | |
575 math-random-shift -4) ; assume RAND_MAX >= 16383 | |
576 ;; This exercises the random number generator and also helps | |
577 ;; deduce a better value for RAND_MAX. | |
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578 (let ((i 0)) |
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579 (while (< (setq i (1+ i)) 30) |
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580 (if (> (lsh (math-abs (random)) math-random-shift) 4095) |
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581 (setq math-random-shift (1- math-random-shift)))))) |
40785 | 582 (setq math-last-RandSeed var-RandSeed |
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583 math-gaussian-cache nil)) |
40785 | 584 |
585 (defun math-random-base () | |
586 (if var-RandSeed | |
587 (progn | |
588 (setq math-random-ptr1 (or (cdr math-random-ptr1) | |
589 (cdr math-random-table)) | |
590 math-random-ptr2 (or (cdr math-random-ptr2) | |
591 (cdr math-random-table))) | |
592 (logand (lsh (setcar math-random-ptr1 | |
593 (logand (- (car math-random-ptr1) | |
594 (car math-random-ptr2)) 524287)) | |
595 -6) 1023)) | |
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596 (logand (lsh (random) math-random-shift) 1023))) |
40785 | 597 |
598 | |
599 ;;; Produce a random digit in the range 0..999. | |
600 ;;; Avoid various pitfalls that may lurk in the built-in (random) function! | |
601 ;;; Shuffling algorithm from Numerical Recipes, section 7.1. | |
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602 (defvar math-random-last) |
40785 | 603 (defun math-random-digit () |
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604 (let (i) |
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605 (or (and (boundp 'var-RandSeed) (eq var-RandSeed math-last-RandSeed)) |
40785 | 606 (math-init-random-base)) |
607 (or math-random-cache | |
608 (progn | |
609 (setq math-random-last (math-random-base) | |
610 math-random-cache (make-vector 13 nil) | |
611 i -1) | |
612 (while (< (setq i (1+ i)) 13) | |
613 (aset math-random-cache i (math-random-base))))) | |
614 (while (progn | |
615 (setq i (/ math-random-last 79) ; 0 <= i < 13 | |
616 math-random-last (aref math-random-cache i)) | |
617 (aset math-random-cache i (math-random-base)) | |
618 (>= math-random-last 1000))) | |
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619 math-random-last)) |
40785 | 620 |
621 ;;; Produce an N-digit random integer. | |
622 (defun math-random-digits (n) | |
623 (cond ((<= n 6) | |
624 (math-scale-right (+ (* (math-random-digit) 1000) (math-random-digit)) | |
625 (- 6 n))) | |
626 (t (let* ((slop (% (- 900003 n) 3)) | |
627 (i (/ (+ n slop) 3)) | |
628 (digs nil)) | |
629 (while (> i 0) | |
630 (setq digs (cons (math-random-digit) digs) | |
631 i (1- i))) | |
632 (math-normalize (math-scale-right (cons 'bigpos digs) | |
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633 slop)))))) |
40785 | 634 |
635 ;;; Produce a uniformly-distributed random float 0 <= N < 1. | |
636 (defun math-random-float () | |
637 (math-make-float (math-random-digits calc-internal-prec) | |
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638 (- calc-internal-prec))) |
40785 | 639 |
640 ;;; Produce a Gaussian-distributed random float with mean=0, sigma=1. | |
641 (defun math-gaussian-float () | |
642 (math-with-extra-prec 2 | |
643 (if (and math-gaussian-cache | |
644 (= (car math-gaussian-cache) calc-internal-prec)) | |
645 (prog1 | |
646 (cdr math-gaussian-cache) | |
647 (setq math-gaussian-cache nil)) | |
648 (let* ((v1 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1)) | |
649 (v2 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1)) | |
650 (r (math-add (math-sqr v1) (math-sqr v2)))) | |
651 (while (or (not (Math-lessp r 1)) (math-zerop r)) | |
652 (setq v1 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1) | |
653 v2 (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) 2) -1) | |
654 r (math-add (math-sqr v1) (math-sqr v2)))) | |
655 (let ((fac (math-sqrt (math-mul (math-div (calcFunc-ln r) r) -2)))) | |
656 (setq math-gaussian-cache (cons calc-internal-prec | |
657 (math-mul v1 fac))) | |
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658 (math-mul v2 fac)))))) |
40785 | 659 |
660 ;;; Produce a random integer or real 0 <= N < MAX. | |
661 (defun calcFunc-random (max) | |
662 (cond ((Math-zerop max) | |
663 (math-gaussian-float)) | |
664 ((Math-integerp max) | |
665 (let* ((digs (math-numdigs max)) | |
666 (r (math-random-digits (+ digs 3)))) | |
667 (math-mod r max))) | |
668 ((Math-realp max) | |
669 (math-mul (math-random-float) max)) | |
670 ((and (eq (car max) 'intv) (math-constp max) | |
671 (Math-lessp (nth 2 max) (nth 3 max))) | |
672 (if (math-floatp max) | |
673 (let ((val (math-add (math-mul (math-random-float) | |
674 (math-sub (nth 3 max) (nth 2 max))) | |
675 (nth 2 max)))) | |
676 (if (or (and (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 1)) ; almost not worth | |
677 (Math-equal val (nth 2 max))) ; checking! | |
678 (and (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 2)) | |
679 (Math-equal val (nth 3 max)))) | |
680 (calcFunc-random max) | |
681 val)) | |
682 (let ((lo (if (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 1)) | |
683 (math-add (nth 2 max) 1) (nth 2 max))) | |
684 (hi (if (memq (nth 1 max) '(1 3)) | |
685 (math-add (nth 3 max) 1) (nth 3 max)))) | |
686 (if (Math-lessp lo hi) | |
687 (math-add (calcFunc-random (math-sub hi lo)) lo) | |
688 (math-reject-arg max "*Empty interval"))))) | |
689 ((eq (car max) 'vec) | |
690 (if (cdr max) | |
691 (nth (1+ (calcFunc-random (1- (length max)))) max) | |
692 (math-reject-arg max "*Empty list"))) | |
693 ((and (eq (car max) 'sdev) (math-constp max) (Math-realp (nth 1 max))) | |
694 (math-add (math-mul (math-gaussian-float) (nth 2 max)) (nth 1 max))) | |
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695 (t (math-reject-arg max 'realp)))) |
40785 | 696 |
697 ;;; Choose N objects at random from the set MAX without duplicates. | |
698 (defun calcFunc-shuffle (n &optional max) | |
699 (or max (setq max n n -1)) | |
700 (or (and (Math-num-integerp n) | |
701 (or (natnump (setq n (math-trunc n))) (eq n -1))) | |
702 (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)) | |
703 (cond ((or (math-zerop max) | |
704 (math-floatp max) | |
705 (eq (car-safe max) 'sdev)) | |
706 (if (< n 0) | |
707 (math-reject-arg n 'natnump) | |
708 (math-simple-shuffle n max))) | |
709 ((and (<= n 1) (>= n 0)) | |
710 (math-simple-shuffle n max)) | |
711 ((and (eq (car-safe max) 'intv) (math-constp max)) | |
712 (let ((num (math-add (math-sub (nth 3 max) (nth 2 max)) | |
713 (cdr (assq (nth 1 max) | |
714 '((0 . -1) (1 . 0) | |
715 (2 . 0) (3 . 1)))))) | |
716 (min (math-add (nth 2 max) (if (memq (nth 1 max) '(0 1)) | |
717 1 0)))) | |
718 (if (< n 0) (setq n num)) | |
719 (or (math-posp num) (math-reject-arg max 'range)) | |
720 (and (Math-lessp num n) (math-reject-arg n 'range)) | |
721 (if (Math-lessp n (math-quotient num 3)) | |
722 (math-simple-shuffle n max) | |
723 (if (> (* n 4) (* num 3)) | |
724 (math-add (math-sub min 1) | |
725 (math-shuffle-list n num (calcFunc-index num))) | |
726 (let ((tot 0) | |
727 (m 0) | |
728 (vec nil)) | |
729 (while (< m n) | |
730 (if (< (calcFunc-random (- num tot)) (- n m)) | |
731 (setq vec (cons (math-add min tot) vec) | |
732 m (1+ m))) | |
733 (setq tot (1+ tot))) | |
734 (math-shuffle-list n n (cons 'vec vec))))))) | |
735 ((eq (car-safe max) 'vec) | |
736 (let ((size (1- (length max)))) | |
737 (if (< n 0) (setq n size)) | |
738 (if (and (> n (/ size 2)) (<= n size)) | |
739 (math-shuffle-list n size (copy-sequence max)) | |
740 (let* ((vals (calcFunc-shuffle | |
741 n (list 'intv 3 1 (1- (length max))))) | |
742 (p vals)) | |
743 (while (setq p (cdr p)) | |
744 (setcar p (nth (car p) max))) | |
745 vals)))) | |
746 ((math-integerp max) | |
747 (if (math-posp max) | |
748 (calcFunc-shuffle n (list 'intv 2 0 max)) | |
749 (calcFunc-shuffle n (list 'intv 1 max 0)))) | |
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750 (t (math-reject-arg max 'realp)))) |
40785 | 751 |
752 (defun math-simple-shuffle (n max) | |
753 (let ((vec nil) | |
754 val) | |
755 (while (>= (setq n (1- n)) 0) | |
756 (while (math-member (setq val (calcFunc-random max)) vec)) | |
757 (setq vec (cons val vec))) | |
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758 (cons 'vec vec))) |
40785 | 759 |
760 (defun math-shuffle-list (n size vec) | |
761 (let ((j size) | |
762 k temp | |
763 (p vec)) | |
764 (while (cdr (setq p (cdr p))) | |
765 (setq k (calcFunc-random j) | |
766 j (1- j) | |
767 temp (nth k p)) | |
768 (setcar (nthcdr k p) (car p)) | |
769 (setcar p temp)) | |
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770 (cons 'vec (nthcdr (- size n -1) vec)))) |
40785 | 771 |
772 (defun math-member (x list) | |
773 (while (and list (not (equal x (car list)))) | |
774 (setq list (cdr list))) | |
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775 list) |
40785 | 776 |
777 | |
778 ;;; Check if the integer N is prime. [X I] | |
779 ;;; Return (nil) if non-prime, | |
780 ;;; (nil N) if non-prime with known factor N, | |
781 ;;; (nil unknown) if non-prime with no known factors, | |
782 ;;; (t) if prime, | |
783 ;;; (maybe N P) if probably prime (after N iters with probability P%) | |
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784 (defvar math-prime-test-cache '(-1)) |
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785 |
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786 (defvar math-prime-test-cache-k) |
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787 (defvar math-prime-test-cache-q) |
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788 (defvar math-prime-test-cache-nm1) |
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789 |
40785 | 790 (defun math-prime-test (n iters) |
791 (if (and (Math-vectorp n) (cdr n)) | |
792 (setq n (nth (1- (length n)) n))) | |
793 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
794 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
795 (let ((res)) | |
796 (while (> iters 0) | |
797 (setq res | |
798 (cond ((and (integerp n) (<= n 5003)) | |
799 (list (= (math-next-small-prime n) n))) | |
800 ((not (Math-integerp n)) | |
801 (error "Argument must be an integer")) | |
802 ((Math-integer-negp n) | |
803 '(nil)) | |
804 ((Math-natnum-lessp n '(bigpos 0 0 8)) | |
805 (setq n (math-fixnum n)) | |
806 (let ((i -1) v) | |
807 (while (and (> (% n (setq v (aref math-primes-table | |
808 (setq i (1+ i))))) | |
809 0) | |
810 (< (* v v) n))) | |
811 (if (= (% n v) 0) | |
812 (list nil v) | |
813 '(t)))) | |
814 ((not (equal n (car math-prime-test-cache))) | |
815 (cond ((= (% (nth 1 n) 2) 0) '(nil 2)) | |
816 ((= (% (nth 1 n) 5) 0) '(nil 5)) | |
817 (t (let ((dig (cdr n)) (sum 0)) | |
818 (while dig | |
819 (if (cdr dig) | |
820 (setq sum (% (+ (+ sum (car dig)) | |
821 (* (nth 1 dig) 1000)) | |
822 111111) | |
823 dig (cdr (cdr dig))) | |
824 (setq sum (% (+ sum (car dig)) 111111) | |
825 dig nil))) | |
826 (cond ((= (% sum 3) 0) '(nil 3)) | |
827 ((= (% sum 7) 0) '(nil 7)) | |
828 ((= (% sum 11) 0) '(nil 11)) | |
829 ((= (% sum 13) 0) '(nil 13)) | |
830 ((= (% sum 37) 0) '(nil 37)) | |
831 (t | |
832 (setq math-prime-test-cache-k 1 | |
833 math-prime-test-cache-q | |
834 (math-div2 n) | |
835 math-prime-test-cache-nm1 | |
836 (math-add n -1)) | |
837 (while (math-evenp | |
838 math-prime-test-cache-q) | |
839 (setq math-prime-test-cache-k | |
840 (1+ math-prime-test-cache-k) | |
841 math-prime-test-cache-q | |
842 (math-div2 | |
843 math-prime-test-cache-q))) | |
844 (setq iters (1+ iters)) | |
845 (list 'maybe | |
846 0 | |
847 (math-sub | |
848 100 | |
849 (math-div | |
850 '(float 232 0) | |
851 (math-numdigs n)))))))))) | |
852 ((not (eq (car (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache)) 'maybe)) | |
853 (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache)) | |
854 (t ; Fermat step | |
855 (let* ((x (math-add (calcFunc-random (math-add n -2)) 2)) | |
856 (y (math-pow-mod x math-prime-test-cache-q n)) | |
857 (j 0)) | |
858 (while (and (not (eq y 1)) | |
859 (not (equal y math-prime-test-cache-nm1)) | |
860 (< (setq j (1+ j)) math-prime-test-cache-k)) | |
861 (setq y (math-mod (math-mul y y) n))) | |
862 (if (or (equal y math-prime-test-cache-nm1) | |
863 (and (eq y 1) (eq j 0))) | |
864 (list 'maybe | |
865 (1+ (nth 1 (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache))) | |
866 (math-mul (nth 2 (nth 1 math-prime-test-cache)) | |
867 '(float 25 -2))) | |
868 '(nil unknown)))))) | |
869 (setq math-prime-test-cache (list n res) | |
870 iters (if (eq (car res) 'maybe) | |
871 (1- iters) | |
872 0))) | |
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873 res)) |
40785 | 874 |
875 (defun calcFunc-prime (n &optional iters) | |
876 (or (math-num-integerp n) (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)) | |
877 (or (not iters) (math-num-integerp iters) (math-reject-arg iters 'integerp)) | |
878 (if (car (math-prime-test (math-trunc n) (math-trunc (or iters 1)))) | |
879 1 | |
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880 0)) |
40785 | 881 |
882 ;;; Theory: summing base-10^6 digits modulo 111111 is "casting out 999999s". | |
883 ;;; Initial probability that N is prime is 1/ln(N) = log10(e)/log10(N). | |
884 ;;; After culling [2,3,5,7,11,13,37], probability of primality is 5.36 x more. | |
885 ;;; Initial reported probability of non-primality is thus 100% - this. | |
886 ;;; Each Fermat step multiplies this probability by 25%. | |
887 ;;; The Fermat step is algorithm P from Knuth section 4.5.4. | |
888 | |
889 | |
890 (defun calcFunc-prfac (n) | |
891 (setq math-prime-factors-finished t) | |
892 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
893 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
894 (if (Math-natnump n) | |
895 (if (Math-natnum-lessp 2 n) | |
896 (let (factors res p (i 0)) | |
897 (while (and (not (eq n 1)) | |
898 (< i (length math-primes-table))) | |
899 (setq p (aref math-primes-table i)) | |
900 (while (eq (cdr (setq res (cond ((eq n p) (cons 1 0)) | |
901 ((eq n 1) (cons 0 1)) | |
902 ((consp n) (math-idivmod n p)) | |
903 (t (cons (/ n p) (% n p)))))) | |
904 0) | |
905 (math-working "factor" p) | |
906 (setq factors (nconc factors (list p)) | |
907 n (car res))) | |
908 (or (eq n 1) | |
909 (Math-natnum-lessp p (car res)) | |
910 (setq factors (nconc factors (list n)) | |
911 n 1)) | |
912 (setq i (1+ i))) | |
913 (or (setq math-prime-factors-finished (eq n 1)) | |
914 (setq factors (nconc factors (list n)))) | |
915 (cons 'vec factors)) | |
916 (list 'vec n)) | |
917 (if (Math-integerp n) | |
918 (if (eq n -1) | |
919 (list 'vec n) | |
920 (cons 'vec (cons -1 (cdr (calcFunc-prfac (math-neg n)))))) | |
921 (calc-record-why 'integerp n) | |
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922 (list 'calcFunc-prfac n)))) |
40785 | 923 |
924 (defun calcFunc-totient (n) | |
925 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
926 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
927 (if (Math-natnump n) | |
928 (if (Math-natnum-lessp n 2) | |
929 (if (Math-negp n) | |
930 (calcFunc-totient (math-abs n)) | |
931 n) | |
932 (let ((factors (cdr (calcFunc-prfac n))) | |
933 p) | |
934 (if math-prime-factors-finished | |
935 (progn | |
936 (while factors | |
937 (setq p (car factors) | |
938 n (math-mul (math-div n p) (math-add p -1))) | |
939 (while (equal p (car factors)) | |
940 (setq factors (cdr factors)))) | |
941 n) | |
942 (calc-record-why "*Number too big to factor" n) | |
943 (list 'calcFunc-totient n)))) | |
944 (calc-record-why 'natnump n) | |
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945 (list 'calcFunc-totient n))) |
40785 | 946 |
947 (defun calcFunc-moebius (n) | |
948 (if (Math-messy-integerp n) | |
949 (setq n (math-trunc n))) | |
950 (if (and (Math-natnump n) (not (eq n 0))) | |
951 (if (Math-natnum-lessp n 2) | |
952 (if (Math-negp n) | |
953 (calcFunc-moebius (math-abs n)) | |
954 1) | |
955 (let ((factors (cdr (calcFunc-prfac n))) | |
956 (mu 1)) | |
957 (if math-prime-factors-finished | |
958 (progn | |
959 (while factors | |
960 (setq mu (if (equal (car factors) (nth 1 factors)) | |
961 0 (math-neg mu)) | |
962 factors (cdr factors))) | |
963 mu) | |
964 (calc-record-why "Number too big to factor" n) | |
965 (list 'calcFunc-moebius n)))) | |
966 (calc-record-why 'posintp n) | |
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967 (list 'calcFunc-moebius n))) |
40785 | 968 |
969 | |
970 (defun calcFunc-nextprime (n &optional iters) | |
971 (if (Math-integerp n) | |
972 (if (Math-integer-negp n) | |
973 2 | |
974 (if (and (integerp n) (< n 5003)) | |
975 (math-next-small-prime (1+ n)) | |
976 (if (math-evenp n) | |
977 (setq n (math-add n -1))) | |
978 (let (res) | |
979 (while (not (car (setq res (math-prime-test | |
980 (setq n (math-add n 2)) | |
981 (or iters 1)))))) | |
982 (if (and calc-verbose-nextprime | |
983 (eq (car res) 'maybe)) | |
984 (calc-report-prime-test res))) | |
985 n)) | |
986 (if (Math-realp n) | |
987 (calcFunc-nextprime (math-trunc n) iters) | |
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988 (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)))) |
40785 | 989 |
990 (defun calcFunc-prevprime (n &optional iters) | |
991 (if (Math-integerp n) | |
992 (if (Math-lessp n 4) | |
993 2 | |
994 (if (math-evenp n) | |
995 (setq n (math-add n 1))) | |
996 (let (res) | |
997 (while (not (car (setq res (math-prime-test | |
998 (setq n (math-add n -2)) | |
999 (or iters 1)))))) | |
1000 (if (and calc-verbose-nextprime | |
1001 (eq (car res) 'maybe)) | |
1002 (calc-report-prime-test res))) | |
1003 n) | |
1004 (if (Math-realp n) | |
1005 (calcFunc-prevprime (math-ceiling n) iters) | |
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1006 (math-reject-arg n 'integerp)))) |
40785 | 1007 |
1008 (defun math-next-small-prime (n) | |
1009 (if (and (integerp n) (> n 2)) | |
1010 (let ((lo -1) | |
1011 (hi (length math-primes-table)) | |
1012 mid) | |
1013 (while (> (- hi lo) 1) | |
1014 (if (> n (aref math-primes-table | |
1015 (setq mid (ash (+ lo hi) -1)))) | |
1016 (setq lo mid) | |
1017 (setq hi mid))) | |
1018 (aref math-primes-table hi)) | |
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1019 2)) |
40785 | 1020 |
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1021 (provide 'calc-comb) |
40785 | 1022 |
52401 | 1023 ;;; arch-tag: 1d75ee9b-0815-42bd-a321-bb3dc001cc02 |
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1024 ;;; calc-comb.el ends here |