Mercurial > emacs
annotate etc/FAQ @ 23892:f05e983b8486
(ps-mule-font-info-database): Doc-string modified.
(ps-mule-external-libraries): New element FEATURE.
(ps-mule-init-external-library): Ajusted for the above change.
(ps-mule-generate-font): Likewise.
(ps-mule-generate-glyphs): Likewise.
(ps-mule-prepare-font): Likewise.
(ps-mule-initialize): Likewise.
(ps-begin-file): Superfluous tailing parenthesis deleted.
Mule related code moved to ps-mule.el.
(ps-begin-job): While setting ps-control-or-escape-regexp, don't
check ps-mule-charset-list.
(ps-begin-page): Don't set ps-mule-current-charset, instead call
ps-mule-begin-page.
(ps-basic-plot-string): Call ps-mule-prepare-ascii-font.
(ps-plot-region): Don't set ps-mule-current-charset, instead call
ps-mule-set-ascii-font. Don't call ps-mule-skip-same-charset,
instead skip same charsets by itself.
(ps-generate): Call ps-mule-initialize of needs-begin-file is
non-nil. Call ps-mule-begin-job.
(ps-print-version): New version number (4.1.2), doc fix
and mule related code extraction. Autoload ps-mule funs.
Define several functions for Emacs 20.2 and the
earlier version.
(ps-printer-name): Check if printer-name is bound.
author | Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org> |
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date | Tue, 15 Dec 1998 06:31:48 +0000 |
parents | 546acc9b5282 |
children | d36d3bab8291 |
rev | line source |
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1736 | 1 GNU Emacs FAQ: Introduction |
2 | |
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3 This is the introduction to a list of frequently asked questions (FAQ) |
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4 about GNU Emacs 20 with answers. Some of the answers are not valid for GNU |
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5 Emacs 18 or 19. |
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6 |
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7 [This version has been somewhat edited from the last-posted version |
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8 (as of early December 1998) for inclusion in the Emacs distribution.] |
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9 |
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10 The FAQ is posted (in five parts) to reduce the noise level in the |
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11 gnu.emacs.help newsgroup (which is also the help-gnu-emacs mailing list) |
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12 which results from the repetition of frequently asked questions, wrong |
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13 answers to these questions, corrections to the wrong answers, corrections |
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14 to the corrections, debate, name calling, and generally unproductive use of |
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15 the mailing list. Also, it serves as a repository of the canonical "best" |
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16 answers to these questions. However, if you know a better answer or even a |
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17 slight change that improves an answer, please tell us! |
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18 |
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19 If you know the answer to a question in the FAQ list, please reply to the |
597 | 20 question by e-mail instead of posting. Help reduce noise! |
134 | 21 |
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22 The FAQ is crossposted to comp.emacs because some sites do not receive the |
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23 gnu.* newsgroups. The FAQ is also crossposted to news.answers. |
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24 |
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25 Full instructions for getting the latest FAQ are in question 22. |
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26 |
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27 A diff file between the last version of the FAQ and this one should have |
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28 been posted along with the FAQ. If you did not receive the diff file, you |
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29 can get it at |
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30 |
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31 ftp://the-tech.mit.edu/pub/GNU-Emacs/faq-diffs |
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32 |
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33 Please suggest new questions, answers, wording changes, and deletions by |
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34 sending mail to emacs-faq@lerner.co.il. The most helpful form for |
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35 suggestions is a context diff (i.e., the output of `diff -c'). Include |
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36 "FAQ" in the subject of messages about the FAQ list. |
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37 |
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38 Please do not send questions to us just because you do not want to disturb |
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39 a lot of people and you think we would know the answer. We do not have |
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40 time to answer questions individually. :-( |
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41 |
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42 -- |
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43 Reuven M. Lerner <reuven@lerner.co.il> and the FAQ team (a full list is |
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44 at the bottom of the FAQ). |
1736 | 45 |
597 | 46 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
47 | |
1736 | 48 Notation Used in FAQ |
49 | |
50 1: What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.? | |
51 2: What does "M-x command" mean? | |
52 3: How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual? | |
53 4: What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el? | |
54 5: What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL? | |
55 | |
56 General Questions | |
57 | |
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58 6: What is the LPF? |
1736 | 59 7: What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft? |
60 8: What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug, | |
61 comp.emacs, etc.? | |
62 9: Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups? | |
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63 10: Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs? |
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64 11: How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list? |
1736 | 65 12: What is the current address of the FSF? |
597 | 66 |
1736 | 67 On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help |
68 | |
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69 13: I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing? |
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70 14: How do I find out how to do something in Emacs? |
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71 15: How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual? |
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72 16: Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp? |
1736 | 73 17: How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation? |
74 18: How do I print a Texinfo file? | |
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75 19: Can I view Info files without using Emacs? |
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76 20: What informational files are available for Emacs? |
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77 21: Where can I get help in installing Emacs? |
1736 | 78 22: Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)? |
79 | |
80 Status of Emacs | |
81 | |
82 23: Where does the name "Emacs" come from? | |
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83 24: What is the latest version of Emacs? |
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84 25: What is different about Emacs 20? |
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85 |
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86 Common Things People Want To Do |
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87 |
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88 26: How do I set up a .emacs file properly? |
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89 27: How do I debug a .emacs file? |
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90 28: How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number? |
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91 29: How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current filename? |
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92 30: How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode XXX? |
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93 31: How do I turn on auto-fill mode by default? |
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94 32: How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files? |
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95 33: How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control) |
1736 | 96 characters? |
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97 34: How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs? |
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98 35: How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing? |
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99 36: How do I make Emacs wrap words for me? |
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100 37: Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs? |
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101 38: How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents? |
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102 39: How do I change load-path? |
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103 40: How do I use an already running Emacs from another window? |
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104 41: How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages? |
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105 42: How do I indent switch statements like this? |
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106 43: How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally? |
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107 44: How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting? |
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108 45: How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal? |
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109 46: How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows? |
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110 47: How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the |
1736 | 111 indentation of the previous line? |
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112 48: How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at? |
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113 49: In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef |
1736 | 114 commands are handled by the compiler? |
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115 50: Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi? |
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116 51: What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)? |
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117 52: How do I execute ("evaluate") a piece of Emacs Lisp code? |
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118 53: How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length? |
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119 54: How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line? |
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120 55: How do I insert "_^H" before each character in a region to get an |
1736 | 121 underlined paragraph? |
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122 56: How do I repeat a command as many times as possible? |
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123 57: How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor |
1736 | 124 should stay in the same column even if the line is too short? |
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125 58: How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself? |
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126 59: How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs? |
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127 60: How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file? |
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128 61: Where is the documentation for "etags"? |
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129 62: How do I disable backup files? |
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130 63: How do I disable auto-save-mode? |
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131 64: How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options? |
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132 65: How do I delete menus and menu options? |
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133 66: How do I turn on syntax highlighting? |
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134 67: How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the |
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135 bottom of the screen? |
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136 68: How can I replace highlighted text with what I type? |
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137 69: How can I edit MS-DOS files using Emacs? |
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138 70: How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after |
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139 each period? |
1736 | 140 |
141 Bugs/Problems | |
597 | 142 |
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143 71: Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes? |
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144 72: How do I get rid of ^M or echoed commands in my shell buffer? |
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145 73: Why do I get "Process shell exited abnormally with code 1"? |
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146 74: Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type "emacs"? |
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147 75: Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying "I-search:" and beeping? |
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148 76: Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)? |
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149 77: Why does Emacs say "Error in init file"? |
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150 78: Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)? |
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151 79: Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file? |
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152 80: How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name? |
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153 81: Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory? |
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154 82: Are there any security risks in Emacs? |
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155 83: Dired says, "no file on this line" when I try to do something. |
1736 | 156 |
157 Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs | |
158 | |
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159 84: How do I install Emacs? |
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160 85: How do I update Emacs to the latest version? |
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161 86: What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs? |
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162 87: Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail? |
1736 | 163 |
164 Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages | |
597 | 165 |
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166 88: Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)? |
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167 89: How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX? |
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168 90: Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs? |
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169 91: How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive? |
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170 92: Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff? |
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171 93: What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly "Lucid |
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172 Emacs")? |
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173 94: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS? |
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174 95: Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows, Windows '95, or Windows |
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175 NT? |
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176 96: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2? |
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177 97: Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST? |
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178 98: Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga? |
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179 99: Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP? |
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180 100: Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer? |
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181 101: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows? |
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182 102: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, Csh, C++, |
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183 Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk? |
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184 103: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ? |
1736 | 185 |
186 Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs | |
597 | 187 |
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188 104: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support |
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189 105: SuperCite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs |
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190 106: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs |
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191 107: VIPER -- vi emulation for Emacs |
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192 108: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities |
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193 109: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers |
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194 110: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs |
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195 111: W3-mode -- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs |
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196 112: EDB -- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes |
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197 113: Mailcrypt -- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news |
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198 114: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files |
134 | 199 |
1736 | 200 Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems |
201 | |
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202 115: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands? |
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203 116: Why does Emacs say "Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters"? |
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204 117: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my |
597 | 205 .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up? |
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206 118: How do I use function keys under X Windows? |
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207 119: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys |
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208 emit? |
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209 120: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs? |
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210 121: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control? |
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211 122: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered |
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212 out? |
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213 123: Why does the "Backspace" key invoke help? |
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214 124: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete? |
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215 125: How do I "swap" two keys? |
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216 126: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard? |
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217 127: What if I don't have a Meta key? |
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218 128: What if I don't have an Escape key? |
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219 129: Can I make my "Compose Character" key behave like a Meta key? |
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220 130: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key? |
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221 131: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window? |
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222 132: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0 |
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223 and 9.x? |
597 | 224 |
1736 | 225 Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets |
597 | 226 |
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227 133: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters? |
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228 134: How do I input 8-bit characters? |
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229 135: Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other |
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230 character sets? |
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231 136: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets? |
597 | 232 |
1736 | 233 Mail and News |
597 | 234 |
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235 137: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups? |
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236 138: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail? |
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237 139: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail? |
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238 140: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message? |
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239 141: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder? |
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240 142: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail? |
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241 143: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format? |
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242 144: How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the |
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243 other recipients? |
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244 145: How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME? |
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245 146: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader? |
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246 147: How do I read news under Emacs? |
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247 148: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP? |
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248 149: How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., |
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249 ClariNews)? |
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250 150: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus? |
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251 151: How do I make Gnus start up faster? |
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252 152: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus? |
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253 153: Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control |
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254 headers? |
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255 154: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections? |
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256 155: Why is catch up slow in Gnus? |
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257 156: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting? |
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258 157: Where can I find out more about Gnus? |
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259 |
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260 ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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261 |
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262 If you are viewing this text in a GNU Emacs Buffer, you can type "M-2 C-x |
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263 $" to get an overview of just the questions. Then, when you want to look |
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264 at the text of the answers, just type "C-x $". |
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265 |
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266 To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a |
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267 C-r if that doesn't work. Type RET to end the search. |
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268 |
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269 If you have a web browser and the browse-url package configured for |
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270 it, you can visit ftp and HTTP uniform resource locators (URLs) by |
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271 placing the cursor on the URL and typing M-x browse-url-at-point. |
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272 |
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273 The FAQ is posted in five parts; if you are missing a section or would |
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274 prefer to read the FAQ in a single file, see question 22. |
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275 |
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276 ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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277 Time-stamp: <1998-09-18 14:41:10 reuven> |
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278 |
134 | 279 |
1736 | 280 Notation Used in FAQ |
134 | 281 |
1736 | 282 Skip this section and then come back if you don't understand some of the |
283 later answers. | |
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284 |
1736 | 285 1: What do these mean: C-h, M-C-a, RET, "ESC a", etc.? |
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286 |
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287 C-x: press the `x' key while holding down the Control key |
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288 |
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289 M-x: press the `x' key while holding down the Meta key (if your computer |
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290 doesn't have a Meta key, see question 127) |
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291 |
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292 M-C-x: press the `x' key while holding down both Control and Meta |
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293 C-M-x: a synonym for the above |
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294 |
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295 LFD: Linefeed or Newline; same as C-j |
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296 RET: Return, sometimes marked Enter; same as C-m |
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297 DEL: Delete, usually not the same as Backspace; same as C-? (See |
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298 question 123 if deleting invokes Emacs help) |
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299 ESC: Escape; same as C-[ |
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300 TAB: Tab; same as C-i |
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301 SPC: Space bar |
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302 |
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303 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are |
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304 inside double quotes or on lines by themselves. Any real spaces in such |
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305 a key sequence should be ignored; only SPC really means press the space |
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306 key. |
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307 |
1736 | 308 The ASCII code sent by C-x (except for C-?) is the value that would be |
309 sent by pressing just `x' minus 96 (or 64 for uppercase `X') and will be | |
310 from 0 to 31. The ASCII code sent by M-x is the sum of 128 and the ASCII | |
311 code that would be sent by pressing just the `x' key. Essentially, the | |
312 Control key turns off bits 5 and 6 and the Meta key turns on bit 7. | |
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313 |
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314 NOTE: C-? (aka DEL) is ASCII code 127. It is a misnomer to call C-? a |
1736 | 315 "control" key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON. Also, on very |
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316 few keyboards does C-? generate ASCII code 127. |
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317 |
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318 For further information, see "Characters" and "Keys" in the on-line |
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319 manual. (See question 3 if you don't know how.) |
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320 |
1736 | 321 2: What does "M-x command" mean? |
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322 |
134 | 323 "M-x command" means type M-x, then type the name of the command, then |
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324 type RET. (See question 1 if you're not sure what "M-x" and "RET" mean.) |
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325 |
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326 M-x (by default) invokes the command "execute-extended-command". This |
1736 | 327 command allows you to run any Emacs command if you can remember the |
328 command's name. If you can't remember the command's name, you can type | |
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329 TAB and SPC for completion, `?' for a list of possibilities, and M-p and |
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330 M-n to see previous commands entered. An Emacs "command" is any |
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331 "interactive" Emacs function. |
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332 |
134 | 333 NOTE: Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to |
1736 | 334 invoke execute-extended-command. A function key labeled `Do' is a good |
134 | 335 candidate for this. |
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336 |
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337 To run non-interactive Emacs functions, see question 52. |
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338 |
1736 | 339 3: How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual? |
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340 |
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341 When we refer you to topic XXX in the on-line manual, you can read this |
1736 | 342 manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by typing this: |
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343 |
1736 | 344 C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET |
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345 |
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346 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't |
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347 already know how to use Info, type `?' from within Info. |
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348 |
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349 If we refer to topic XXX:YYY, type this: |
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350 |
1736 | 351 C-h i m emacs RET m XXX RET m YYY RET |
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352 |
1736 | 353 WARNING: Your system administrator may not have installed the Info files, |
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354 or may have installed them improperly. In this case you should complain. |
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355 |
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356 See question 15 if you would like a paper copy of the Emacs manual. |
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357 |
1736 | 358 4: What do these mean: etc/SERVICE, src/config.h, lisp/default.el? |
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359 |
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360 These are files that come with Emacs. The Emacs distribution is divided |
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361 into subdirectories; the important ones are "etc", "lisp", and "src". |
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362 |
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363 If you use Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, start |
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364 Emacs, then type "C-h v data-directory RET". The directory name |
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365 displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed "etc" |
1736 | 366 directory. |
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367 |
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368 The location of your Info directory (i.e., where on-line documentation is |
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369 stored) is kept in the variable Info-default-directory-list. Use "C-h v |
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370 Info-default-directory-list RET" to see the contents of this variable, |
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371 which will be a list of directory names. The last directory in that list |
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372 is probably where most Info files are stored. By default, Info |
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373 documentation is placed in /usr/local/info. |
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374 |
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375 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see |
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376 question 20. All are available in the source distribution. Many of the |
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377 files in the "etc" directory are also available via the Emacs "help" |
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378 menu, or by typing "C-h ?" (M-x help-for-help). |
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379 |
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380 WARNING: Your system administrator may have removed the src directory and |
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381 many files from the etc directory. |
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382 |
1736 | 383 5: What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL? |
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384 |
134 | 385 FSF == Free Software Foundation |
386 LPF == League for Programming Freedom | |
387 OSF == Open Software Foundation | |
388 GNU == GNU's Not Unix | |
597 | 389 RMS == Richard Matthew Stallman |
134 | 390 FTP == File Transfer Protocol |
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391 GPL == GNU General Public License |
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392 |
597 | 393 NOTE: Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes |
394 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make high | |
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395 quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a consortium of |
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396 computer vendors which develops commercial software for Unix systems. |
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397 |
597 | 398 NOTE: The word "free" in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers |
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399 to "freedom," not "zero dollars." Anyone can charge any price for |
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400 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the |
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401 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always |
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402 get the software for less money from someone else, because everyone has |
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403 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software. |
134 | 404 |
405 | |
1736 | 406 General Questions |
134 | 407 |
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408 6: What is the LPF? |
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409 |
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410 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and |
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411 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact |
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412 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact Joe Wells |
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413 <jbw@cs.bu.edu>; he will be happy to talk with you about the LPF. |
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414 |
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415 You can find more information about the LPF in the file etc/LPF. More |
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416 papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and also |
1736 | 417 from the LPF: |
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418 |
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419 http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/ |
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420 |
1736 | 421 7: What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft? |
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422 |
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423 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public License (copyleft) will |
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424 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope. There |
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425 has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to set any |
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426 precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to the |
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427 newsgroup gnu.misc.discuss, which was created to hold the extensive flame |
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428 wars on the subject. |
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429 |
1736 | 430 RMS writes: |
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431 |
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432 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the |
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433 spirit, which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work |
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434 pertaining to Emacs should also be free software. "Free" means that |
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435 all users have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. |
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436 To make sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you |
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437 distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the |
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438 recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed. |
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439 |
1736 | 440 8: What are appropriate messages for gnu.emacs.help, gnu.emacs.bug, |
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441 comp.emacs, etc.? |
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442 |
1736 | 443 The file etc/MAILINGLISTS discusses the purpose of each GNU mailing-list. |
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444 (See question 20 if you want a copy of the file.) For those lists which |
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445 are gatewayed with newsgroups, it lists both the newsgroup name and the |
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446 mailing list address. |
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447 |
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448 comp.emacs is for discussion of Emacs programs in general. This includes |
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449 Emacs along with various other implementations, such as JOVE, MicroEmacs, |
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450 Freemacs, MG, Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon. |
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451 |
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452 Many people post Emacs questions to comp.emacs because they don't receive |
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453 any of the gnu.* newsgroups. Arguments have been made both for and |
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454 against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to comp.emacs. You have to |
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455 decide for yourself. |
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456 |
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457 Messages advocating "non-free" software are considered unacceptable on |
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458 any of the gnu.* newsgroups except for gnu.misc.discuss, which was |
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459 created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject. "Non-free" |
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460 software includes any software for which the end user can't freely modify |
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461 the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to remove the |
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462 gnu.* groups from the "Newsgroups:" line when posting a followup that |
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463 recommends such software. |
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464 |
1736 | 465 gnu.emacs.bug is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid posting bug |
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466 reports to this newsgroup (see question 10). |
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467 |
1736 | 468 9: Where can I get old postings to gnu.emacs.help and other GNU groups? |
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469 |
1736 | 470 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many |
471 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The | |
472 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve individual | |
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473 postings from, but pretty much everything is there. The latest archives |
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474 are available at |
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475 |
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476 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/MailingListArchives/current |
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477 |
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478 Web-based Usenet search services, such as DejaNews, also archive the |
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479 gnu.* groups. You can reach DejaNews at |
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480 |
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481 http://www.dejanews.com |
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482 |
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483 10: Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs? |
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484 |
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485 The correct way to report Emacs bugs is by e-mail to |
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486 bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org. Anything sent here also appears in the |
1736 | 487 newsgroup gnu.emacs.bug, but please use e-mail instead of news to submit |
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488 the bug report. This ensures a reliable return address so you can be |
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489 contacted for further details. |
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490 |
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491 Be sure to read the "Bugs" section of the Emacs manual before reporting a |
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492 bug to bug-gnu-emacs! The manual describes in detail how to submit a |
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493 useful bug report. (See question 3 if you don't know how to read the |
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494 manual.) |
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495 |
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496 RMS says: |
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497 |
1736 | 498 Sending bug reports to help-gnu-emacs (which has the effect of posting |
499 on gnu.emacs.help) is undesirable because it takes the time of an | |
500 unnecessarily large group of people, most of whom are just users and | |
501 have no idea how to fix these problem. bug-gnu-emacs reaches a much | |
502 smaller group of people who are more likely to know what to do and have | |
503 expressed a wish to receive more messages about Emacs than the others. | |
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504 |
1736 | 505 However, RMS says there are circumstances when it is okay to post to |
506 gnu.emacs.help: | |
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507 |
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508 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix, |
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509 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on |
1736 | 510 gnu.emacs.help asking if anyone can help you. |
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511 |
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512 If you are unsure whether you have found a bug, consider the following |
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513 non-exhaustive list, courtesy of RMS: |
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514 |
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515 If Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors |
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516 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that |
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517 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it |
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518 does, that is a bug. |
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519 |
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520 11: How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list? |
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521 |
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522 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named "XXX", you might be able to |
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523 unsubscribe from it by sending a request to the address |
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524 <XXX-request@gnu.org>. However, this will not work if you are |
3591
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525 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a |
1736 | 526 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which |
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527 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the "Received:" headers on |
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528 the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the "EXPN" or |
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529 "VRFY" sendmail commands through "telnet <site-address> smtp". Ask your |
1736 | 530 postmaster for help. |
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531 |
1736 | 532 12: What is the current address of the FSF? |
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533 |
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534 E-mail: gnu@gnu.org |
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535 Telephone: +1-617-542-5942 |
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536 Fax: +1-617-542-2652 |
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537 World Wide Web: http://www.gnu.org/ |
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538 |
1736 | 539 Postal address: |
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540 Free Software Foundation |
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541 59 Temple Place - Suite 330 |
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542 Boston, MA 02111-1307 |
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543 USA |
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544 |
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545 For details on how to order items directly from the FSF, see the file |
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546 etc/ORDERS. |
1736 | 547 |
548 | |
549 On-line Help, Printed Manuals, Other Sources of Help | |
550 | |
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551 13: I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing? |
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552 |
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553 Type "C-h t" to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing `C-h' enters |
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554 the help system. |
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555 |
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556 WARNING: Your system administrator may have changed `C-h' to act like DEL |
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557 to deal with local keyboards. You can use M-x help-for-help instead to |
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558 invoke help. To discover what key (if any) invokes help on your system, |
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559 type "M-x where-is RET help-for-help RET". This will print a |
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560 comma-separated list of key sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last |
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561 character in each key sequence listed. Each of the resulting key |
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562 sequences invokes help. |
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563 |
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564 NOTE: Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value |
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565 should be stored in the variable help-char. |
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566 |
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567 There is also a WWW-based tutorial for Emacs 18, much of which is also |
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568 relevant for Emacs 20, available at |
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569 |
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570 http://kufacts.cc.ukans.edu/cwis/writeups/misc/emacsguide.html |
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571 |
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572 14: How do I find out how to do something in Emacs? |
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573 |
134 | 574 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs. |
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575 |
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576 * The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info |
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577 hypertext reader. Type "C-h i" to invoke Info. Typing `h' immediately |
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578 after entering Info will provide a short tutorial on how to use it. |
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579 |
1736 | 580 * You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. See question 15. |
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581 |
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582 * You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to |
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583 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5), or |
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584 you can print your own from the etc/refcard.tex or etc/refcard.ps files |
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585 in the Emacs distribution. |
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586 |
1736 | 587 * You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word |
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588 (actually which match a regular expression) using "C-h a" (M-x |
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589 command-apropos). |
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590 |
1736 | 591 * You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a |
592 certain word using M-x apropos. | |
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593 |
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594 * There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and |
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595 information. To get a list of these commands, type `?' after `C-h'. |
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596 |
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597 15: How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual? |
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598 |
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599 You can order a printed copy of the Emacs manual from the FSF. For |
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600 details see the file etc/ORDERS. |
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601 |
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602 The full TeX source for the manual also comes in the "man" directory of |
597 | 603 the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to print out this |
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604 440-page manual yourself (see question 18). |
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605 |
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606 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have TeX, |
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607 you can get a PostScript version from |
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608 |
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609 ftp://ftp.cs.ubc.ca/pub/archive/gnu/manuals_ps/emacs-19.21.ps.gz |
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610 |
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611 Note that the above document is somewhat out of date, although most major |
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612 concepts are still relevant. This site requests that you please *confine |
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613 any major ftping to late evenings or early mornings, local time* (Pacific |
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614 time zone, GMT-8). |
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615 |
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616 A WWW version of the (somewhat outdated) Emacs 19.34 manual is at |
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617 |
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618 http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/texinfodoc/emacs_toc.html |
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619 |
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620 See also question 14 for how to view the manual on-line. |
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621 |
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622 16: Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp? |
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623 |
1736 | 624 Within Emacs, you can type "C-h f" to get the documentation for a |
625 function, "C-h v" for a variable. | |
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626 |
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627 For more information, obtain the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. Details on |
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628 ordering it from FSF are in file etc/ORDERS. |
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629 |
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630 The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is also available on-line, in Info |
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631 format. Texinfo source for the manual (along with pregenerated Info |
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632 files) is available at |
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633 |
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634 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/elisp-manual-20-2.5.tar.gz |
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635 |
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636 and all mirrors of ftp.gnu.org (See question 92 for a list). See |
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637 question 17 if you want to install the Info files, or question 18 if you |
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638 want to use the Texinfo source to print the manual yourself. |
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639 |
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640 WWW versions of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual are available at |
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641 |
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642 http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/texinfodoc/elisp_1.html |
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643 http://www.cs.indiana.edu/usr/local/www/elisp/lispref/elisp_toc.html |
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644 |
1736 | 645 17: How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation? |
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646 |
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647 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this |
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648 using the stand-alone "makeinfo" program, available as part of the latest |
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649 Texinfo package at |
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650 |
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651 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo-3.12.tar.gz |
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652 |
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653 and all mirrors of ftp.gnu.org (see question 92 for a list). |
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654 |
597 | 655 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which |
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656 comes with Emacs. This manual also comes installed in Info format, so |
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657 you can read it on-line. |
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658 |
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659 Neither texinfo-format-buffer nor makeinfo installs the resulting Info |
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660 files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files: |
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661 |
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662 1. Move the files to the "info" directory in the installed Emacs |
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663 distribution. See question 4 if you don't know where that is. |
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664 |
597 | 665 2. Edit the file info/dir in the installed Emacs distribution, and add a |
666 line for the top level node in the Info package that you are | |
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667 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is: |
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668 |
597 | 669 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic. |
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670 |
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671 If (as it should have done) the Texinfo file used the @direntry |
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672 command, you can run the "install-info" command from the current |
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673 Texinfo distribution to do this automatically -- see the example in |
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674 the top-level Makefile in the Emacs source. |
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675 |
597 | 676 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary |
1736 | 677 privileges, you have several options: |
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678 |
1736 | 679 * Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. You |
597 | 680 can feed a file name to the Info-goto-node command (invoked by pressing |
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681 `g' in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in parentheses. This |
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682 goes to the node named "Top" in that file. For example, to view a Info |
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683 file named "XXX" in your home directory, you can type this: |
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684 |
597 | 685 C-h i g (~/XXX) RET |
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686 |
1736 | 687 * You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where the |
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688 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable |
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689 Info-default-directory-list. For example, to use a private Info |
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690 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named "Info", |
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691 you could put this in your .emacs file: |
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692 |
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693 (setq Info-default-directory-list |
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694 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list)) |
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695 |
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696 You will need a top-level Info file named "dir" in this directory which |
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697 has everything the system dir file has in it, except it should list |
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698 only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need it |
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699 if all files in this directory were referenced by other "dir" files. |
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700 The node lists from all dir files in Info-default-directory-list are |
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701 merged by the Info system. |
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702 |
1736 | 703 18: How do I print a Texinfo file? |
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704 |
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705 NOTE: You can't get nicely printed output from Info files; you must still |
1736 | 706 have the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print. |
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707 |
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708 Assuming you have TeX installed on your system, follow these steps: |
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709 |
597 | 710 1. Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this: |
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711 |
597 | 712 \input texinfo |
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713 |
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714 You may need to change "texinfo" to the full pathname of the |
597 | 715 texinfo.tex file, which comes with Emacs as man/texinfo.tex (or copy |
716 or link it into the current directory). | |
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717 |
597 | 718 2. tex XXX.texinfo |
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719 |
597 | 720 3. texindex XXX.?? |
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721 |
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722 The texindex program comes with Emacs as man/texindex.c. |
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723 |
597 | 724 4. tex XXX.texinfo |
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725 |
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726 5. Print the DVI file XXX.dvi in the normal way for printing DVI files at |
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|
727 your site. |
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728 |
597 | 729 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package |
23872
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730 mentioned in question 17. The "texi2dvi" command from it will perform |
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731 the above steps 1 to 4 for you. |
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732 |
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733 19: Can I view Info files without using Emacs? |
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734 |
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735 Yes. Here are some alternative programs: |
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736 |
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737 * Info, a stand-alone version of the Info program, comes as part of the |
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738 Texinfo package. See question 17 for details. |
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739 |
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740 * Xinfo, a stand-alone version of the Info program that runs under X |
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741 Windows. You can get it at |
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742 |
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743 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz |
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744 |
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745 and all mirrors of ftp.gnu.org (See question 92 for a list). |
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746 |
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747 * Tkinfo, an Info viewer that runs under X Windows and uses Tcl/Tk. You |
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748 can get Tkinfo at |
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749 |
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750 http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/tkinfo/ |
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751 |
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752 20: What informational files are available for Emacs? |
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753 |
597 | 754 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of |
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755 informational files about Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU project |
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756 are available for you to read. |
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757 |
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758 The following files are available in the "etc" directory of the Emacs |
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759 distribution (see question 4 if you're not sure where that is). |
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760 |
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761 COPYING -- Emacs General Public License |
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762 DISTRIB -- Emacs Availability Information, including the popular |
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763 "Free Software Foundation Order Form" |
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764 FAQ -- Emacs Frequently Asked Questions (You're reading it) |
134 | 765 FTP -- How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP |
766 GNU -- The GNU Manifesto | |
767 INTERVIEW -- Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain | |
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768 UNIX-compatible software system with BYTE editors |
23872
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769 LPF -- Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom |
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770 MACHINES -- Status of Emacs on Various Machines and Systems |
134 | 771 MAILINGLISTS -- GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists |
23872
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772 NEWS -- Emacs news, a history of user-visible changes |
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773 PROBLEMS -- Known problems with building and running Emacs in various |
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774 situations, often with workarounds. |
134 | 775 SERVICE -- GNU Service Directory |
1736 | 776 SUN-SUPPORT -- including "Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs" |
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777 |
23872
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778 Latest versions of some of the above files are also available at |
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779 |
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780 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/ |
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781 |
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782 More GNU information, including back issues of the "GNU's Bulletin", are at |
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783 |
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784 http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html |
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785 http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html |
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786 |
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787 21: Where can I get help in installing Emacs? |
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788 |
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789 See question 84 for some basic installation hints, and question 83 if you |
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790 have problems with the installation. |
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791 |
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792 The file etc/SERVICE (see question 4 if you're not sure where that is) |
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793 lists companies and individuals willing to sell you help in installing or |
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794 using Emacs. An up-to-date version this file is available on ftp.gnu.org |
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795 (see question 20). |
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796 |
1736 | 797 22: Where can I get the latest version of this document (the FAQ list)? |
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|
798 |
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799 The Emacs FAQ is available in several ways: |
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800 |
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801 * Inside of Emacs itself. You can get it from selecting the "Emacs FAQ" |
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802 option from the "Help" menu at the top of any Emacs frame, or by typing |
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803 C-h F (M-x view-emacs-FAQ). |
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804 |
1736 | 805 * Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your |
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806 news spool, in both the gnu.emacs.help and comp.emacs newsgroups. |
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|
807 Every news reader should allow you to read any news article that is |
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808 still in the news spool, even if you have read the article before. You |
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|
809 may need to read the instructions for your news reader to discover how |
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810 to do this. In rn, this command will do this for you at the article |
11822
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|
811 selection level: |
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|
812 |
23872
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813 ?GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions?rc:m |
11822
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814 |
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|
815 In Gnus, you should type "C-u c-x c-s" from the *Summary* buffer or |
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|
816 "C-u SPC" from the *Newsgroup* buffer to view all articles in a |
b097ca448b38
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|
817 newsgroup. |
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818 |
1736 | 819 If the FAQ articles have expired and been deleted from your news spool, |
820 it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news | |
23872
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821 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a |
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822 while. |
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823 |
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824 * Via anonymous FTP. You can always fetch the latest FAQ at |
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825 |
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826 ftp://ftp.lerner.co.il/pub/emacs/faq.txt |
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827 ftp://ftp.lerner.co.il/pub/emacs/faq.gz |
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828 |
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829 http://ftp.lerner.co.il/emacs/faq.txt |
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830 http://ftp.lerner.co.il/emacs/faq.gz |
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831 |
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832 * In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time of |
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833 release has been part of the Emacs distribution as etc/FAQ (see |
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834 question 4). |
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835 |
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836 * Via the World Wide Web. Point your favorite Web browser at: |
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837 |
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838 http://www.geek-girl.com/emacs/faq/index.html |
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839 |
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840 This is an old version, but it works. |
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841 |
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842 * Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from rtfm.mit.edu (and its mirror in |
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843 Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to |
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844 news.answers. The Emacs FAQs are available at |
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845 |
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846 ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/ |
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847 ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/doc/FAQ/comp/emacs/ |
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848 |
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849 If you do not have access to anonymous FTP, you can access the archives |
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850 using the rtfm.mit.edu mail server. The Emacs FAQ can be retrieved by |
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851 sending mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with a blank subject and |
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852 containing |
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853 |
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854 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs |
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855 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1 |
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856 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2 |
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857 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3 |
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858 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4 |
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859 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5 |
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860 |
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861 For more information, send email to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with |
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862 "help" and "index" in the body on separate lines. |
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863 |
1736 | 864 * As the very last resort, you can e-mail a request to |
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865 emacs-faq@lerner.co.il. Don't do this unless you have made a serious |
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866 effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the methods listed above. |
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867 |
597 | 868 |
1736 | 869 Status of Emacs |
597 | 870 |
1736 | 871 23: Where does the name "Emacs" come from? |
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872 |
1736 | 873 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he "picked |
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874 the name Emacs because `E' was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at |
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875 the time." The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT by |
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876 RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector, originally Tape |
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877 Editor and COrrector) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended |
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878 TECO with a "real-time" full screen mode with reprogrammable keys. Emacs |
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879 was started by Guy Steele <gls@east.sun.com> as a project to unify the |
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880 many divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT, and completed |
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881 by RMS. |
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882 |
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883 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise. See |
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884 alt.lang.teco if you are interested. Someone has written a TECO |
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885 implementation in Emacs Lisp (to find it, see question 90); it would be |
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886 an interesting project to run the original TECO Emacs inside of Emacs. |
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887 |
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888 For some not-so-serious alternative reasons for Emacs to have that name, |
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889 check out etc/JOKES (see question 4). |
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890 |
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891 24: What is the latest version of Emacs? |
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892 |
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893 Emacs 20.4 is the current version as of this writing. |
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894 |
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895 25: What is different about Emacs 20? |
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896 |
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897 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type C-h n (M-x |
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898 view-emacs-news). The oldest changes are at the bottom of the file, so |
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899 you might want to read it starting there, rather than at the top. |
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900 |
23872
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901 The differences between Emacs versions 18 and 19 was rather dramatic; the |
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902 introduction of frames, faces, and colors on windowing systems was |
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903 obvious to even the most casual user. |
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904 |
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905 There are differences between Emacs versions 19 and 20 as well, but many |
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906 are more subtle or harder to find. Among the changes are the inclusion |
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907 of MULE code for languages that use non-Latin characters, the "customize" |
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908 facility for modifying variables without having to use Lisp, and |
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909 automatic conversion of files from Macintosh, Microsoft, and Unix |
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910 platforms. |
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911 |
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912 Many Lisp packages have been updated and enhanced for Emacs 20. |
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913 |
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914 |
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915 Common Things People Want To Do |
1736 | 916 |
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917 26: How do I set up a .emacs file properly? |
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918 |
23872
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919 See "Init File" in the on-line manual. |
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920 |
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921 WARNING: In general, new Emacs users should not have .emacs files, |
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922 because it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send |
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923 questions to help-gnu-emacs asking why Emacs isn't behaving as |
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|
924 documented. :-) |
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|
925 |
23872
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926 Emacs 20 includes the new "customize" facility, which can be invoked |
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927 using M-x customize RET or via the Help menu. This allows users who are |
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928 unfamiliar with Emacs Lisp to modify their .emacs files in a relatively |
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929 straightforward way, using menus rather than Lisp code. While all the |
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930 packages included with Emacs (are meant to) support Customize now, |
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931 packages from other sources may not. |
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932 |
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933 While Customize might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs, consider |
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934 taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your .emacs |
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935 directly. Simple configuration options are described rather completely in |
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936 the "Init File" section of the on-line manual, for users interested in |
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937 performing frequently requested, basic tasks. |
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938 |
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939 27: How do I debug a .emacs file? |
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|
940 |
23872
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941 Start Emacs with the "-debug-init" command-line option. This enables the |
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942 Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your .emacs file, and places you in |
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943 the debugger if something goes wrong. The top line in the trace-back |
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944 buffer will be the error message, and the second or third line of that |
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945 buffer will display the Lisp code from your .emacs file that caused the |
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946 problem. |
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947 |
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948 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function in |
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949 your .emacs file by moving the cursor to the end of the function or |
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950 argument and typing "C-x C-e" (M-x eval-last-sexp). "C-M-x" (M-x |
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951 eval-defun) is particularly useful for re-evaluating "defvar" and |
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952 "customize" forms. |
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953 |
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954 Use "C-h v" (M-x describe-variable) to check the value of variables which |
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|
955 you are trying to set or use. |
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|
956 |
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957 28: How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number? |
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958 |
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959 To toggle having Emacs automatically display the current line number of the |
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960 point in the mode line, do "M-x line-number-mode". (This option is on by |
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961 default.) Note that Emacs will not display the line number if the buffer is |
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962 larger than the value of the variable line-number-display-limit. |
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963 |
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964 As of Emacs 20, you can similarly display the current column with "M-x |
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965 column-number-mode", by putting the form |
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966 |
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967 (setq column-number-mode t) |
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|
968 |
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969 in your .emacs file or by using Customize. |
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970 |
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971 The "%c" format specifier in the variable mode-line-format will insert |
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972 the current column's value into the mode line. See the documentation for |
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973 mode-line-format (using "C-h v mode-line-format RET") for more |
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974 information on how to set and use this variable. |
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975 |
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976 Users of all Emacs versions can display the current column using Per |
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977 Abrahamsen's <abraham@iesd.auc.dk> "column" package. See question 90 for |
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978 instructions on how to get it. |
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979 |
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980 None of the vi emulation modes provide the "set number" capability of vi |
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981 (as far as we know) but Kyle Jones's setnu.el package implements such a |
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982 feature. |
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983 |
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984 29: How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current filename? |
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985 |
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986 The contains of an Emacs frame's titlebar is controlled by the variable |
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987 frame-title-format, which has the same structure as the variable |
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988 mode-line-format. (Use "C-h v" or "M-x describe-variable" to get |
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989 information about one or both of these variables.) |
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990 |
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991 By default, the titlebar for a frame does contain the name of the buffer |
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992 currently being visited, except if there is a single frame. In such a |
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993 case, the titlebar contains the name of the user and the machine at which |
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994 Emacs was invoked. This is done by setting frame-title-format to the |
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995 default value of |
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996 |
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997 (multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@" system-name)) |
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998 |
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999 To modify the behavior such that frame titlebars contain the buffer's |
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1000 name regardless of the number of existing frames, include the following |
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1001 in your .emacs: |
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1002 |
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1003 (setq frame-title-format "%b") |
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1004 |
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1005 30: How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode XXX? |
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1006 |
1736 | 1007 Put this in your .emacs file: |
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1008 |
1736 | 1009 (condition-case () |
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1010 (quietly-read-abbrev-file) |
1736 | 1011 (file-error nil)) |
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1012 |
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1013 (add-hook 'XXX-mode-hook |
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1014 (lambda () |
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1015 (setq abbrev-mode t))) |
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1016 |
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1017 31: How do I turn on auto-fill mode by default? |
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1018 |
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1019 To turn on auto-fill mode just once for one buffer, use "M-x |
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1020 auto-fill-mode". |
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1021 |
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1022 To turn it on for every buffer in a certain mode, you must use the hook |
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1023 for that mode. For example, to turn on auto-fill mode for all text |
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1024 buffers, including the following in your .emacs file: |
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1025 |
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1026 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill) |
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1027 |
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1028 You can also do this via the Help -> Options menu, which runs the command |
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1029 toggle-text-mode-auto-fill. |
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1030 |
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1031 If you want auto-fill mode on in all major modes, do this: |
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|
1032 |
23110
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*** empty log message ***
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1033 (setq-default auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill) |
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1034 |
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1035 32: How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files? |
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1036 |
1736 | 1037 If you want to use XXX mode for all files which end with the extension |
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1038 ".YYY", this will do it for you: |
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1039 |
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1040 (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.YYY\\'" . XXX-mode)) |
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1041 |
1736 | 1042 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to |
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1043 edit in XXX mode (in the second line, if the first line begins with |
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1044 "#!"): |
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1045 |
1736 | 1046 -*-XXX-*- |
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1047 |
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1048 Beginning with Emacs 19, the variable interpreter-mode-alist specifies |
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1049 which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs determines which |
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1050 interpreter you're using by examining the first line of the file.) This |
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1051 feature only applies when the file name doesn't indicate which mode to |
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1052 use. Use "C-h v" (or M-x describe-variable) on interpreter-mode-alist to |
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1053 learn more. |
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1054 |
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1055 33: How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (8-bit or control) |
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1056 characters? |
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1057 |
1736 | 1058 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for |
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1059 example, "\237", you can type "C-s C-q 2 3 7". (This assumes the value |
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1060 of search-quote-char is 17 (i.e., `C-q').) Searching for ALL unprintable |
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1061 characters is best done with a regular expression ("regexp") search. The |
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1062 easiest regexp to use for the unprintable chars is the complement of the |
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1063 regexp for the printable chars. |
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1064 |
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1065 Regexp for the printable chars: [\t\n\r\f -~] |
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1066 Regexp for the unprintable chars: [^\t\n\r\f -~] |
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1067 |
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1068 To type these special characters in an interactive argument to |
1736 | 1069 isearch-forward-regexp or re-search-forward, you need to use C-q. (`\t', |
1070 `\n', `\r', and `\f' stand respectively for TAB, LFD, RET, and C-l.) So, | |
1071 to search for unprintable characters using re-search-forward: | |
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1072 |
1736 | 1073 M-x re-search-forward RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET |
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1074 |
1736 | 1075 Using isearch-forward-regexp: |
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1076 |
1736 | 1077 M-C-s [^ TAB RET C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] |
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1078 |
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1079 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp: |
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1080 |
1736 | 1081 M-x replace-regexp RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET RET |
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1082 |
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1083 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable characters |
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1084 with a colon, use: |
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1085 |
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1086 M-x replace-regexp RET [^ TAB C-q LFD C-q RET C-q C-l SPC -~] RET : RET |
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1087 |
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1088 NOTE: * You don't need to quote TAB with either isearch or typing |
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1089 something in the minibuffer. |
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1090 |
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1091 34: How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs? |
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1092 |
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1093 If you are using a windowing system such as X, you can cause the region |
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1094 to be highlighted when the mark is active by including |
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1095 |
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1096 (transient-mark-mode t) |
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1097 |
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1098 in your .emacs file, using Customize or via the Help->Options menu. |
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1099 (Also see question 66.) |
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1100 |
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1101 35: How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing? |
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1102 |
1736 | 1103 For searching, the value of the variable case-fold-search determines |
1104 whether they are case sensitive: | |
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1105 |
1736 | 1106 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive |
1107 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive | |
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1108 |
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1109 To change this or similar variables during an Emacs session, use |
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1110 M-x set-variable. |
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1111 |
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1112 Similarly, for replacing, the variable case-replace determines whether |
1736 | 1113 replacements preserve case. |
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1114 |
1736 | 1115 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major |
1116 mode's hook. For example: | |
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1117 |
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1118 (add-hook 'XXX-mode-hook |
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1119 (lambda () |
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1120 (setq case-fold-search nil))) |
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1121 |
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1122 36: How do I make Emacs wrap words for me? |
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1123 |
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1124 Use auto-fill mode, activated by typing "M-x auto-fill-mode". The |
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1125 default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable fill-column. |
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1126 To learn how to turn this on automatically, see question 31. |
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1127 |
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1128 37: Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs? |
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1129 |
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1130 Use Ispell. See question 110. |
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1131 |
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1132 38: How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents? |
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1133 |
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1134 Use Ispell. See question 110. Ispell can handle TeX and *roff |
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1135 documents. |
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1136 |
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1137 39: How do I change load-path? |
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1138 |
1736 | 1139 In general, you should only *add* to the load-path. You can add |
1140 directory /XXX/YYY to the load path like this: | |
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1141 |
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1142 (setq load-path (cons "/XXX/YYY/" load-path)) |
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1143 |
1736 | 1144 To do this relative to your home directory: |
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1145 |
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1146 (setq load-path (cons "~/YYY/" load-path) |
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1147 |
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1148 40: How do I use an already running Emacs from another window? |
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1149 |
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1150 Emacsclient, which comes with Emacs, is for editing a file using an |
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1151 already running Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does this |
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1152 by sending a request to the already running Emacs, which must be |
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1153 expecting the request. |
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1154 |
1736 | 1155 * Setup |
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1156 |
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1157 Emacs must have executed the "server-start" function for emacsclient to |
1736 | 1158 work. This can be done either by a command line option: |
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1159 |
1736 | 1160 emacs -f server-start |
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1161 |
1736 | 1162 or by invoking server-start from the .emacs file: |
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1163 |
1736 | 1164 (if (some conditions are met) (server-start)) |
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1165 |
1736 | 1166 When this is done, Emacs starts a subprocess running a program called |
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1167 "server". "server" creates a Unix domain socket in the user's home |
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1168 directory named .emacs_server. |
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1169 |
1736 | 1170 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke emacsclient, try |
1171 setting the environment variable EDITOR (or sometimes VISUAL) to the | |
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1172 value "emacsclient". You may have to specify the full pathname of the |
1736 | 1173 emacsclient program instead. Examples: |
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1174 |
1736 | 1175 # csh commands: |
1176 setenv EDITOR emacsclient | |
1177 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient # using full pathname | |
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1178 |
1736 | 1179 # sh command: |
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1180 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR |
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1181 |
1736 | 1182 * Normal use |
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1183 |
23872
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1184 When emacsclient is run, it connects to the ".emacs_server" socket and |
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1185 passes its command line options to "server". When "server" receives |
1736 | 1186 these requests, it sends this information on the the Emacs process, |
1187 which at the next opportunity will visit the files specified. (Line | |
1188 numbers can be specified just like with Emacs.) The user will have to | |
1189 switch to the Emacs window by hand. When the user is done editing a | |
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1190 file, the user can type "C-x #" (or M-x server-edit) to indicate this. |
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1191 If there is another buffer requested by emacsclient, Emacs will switch |
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1192 to it; otherwise emacsclient will exit, signaling the calling program |
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1193 to continue. |
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1194 |
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1195 NOTE: "emacsclient" and "server" must be running on machines which |
11822
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1196 share the same filesystem for this to work. The pathnames that |
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1197 emacsclient specifies should be correct for the filesystem that the |
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1198 Emacs process sees. The Emacs process should not be suspended at the |
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1199 time emacsclient is invoked. emacsclient should either be invoked from |
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1200 another X window or from a shell window inside Emacs itself. |
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1201 |
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1202 There is an enhanced version of emacsclient/server called "gnuserv" by |
11822
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1203 Andy Norman <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com> which is available in the Emacs Lisp |
23872
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1204 Archive (see question 90). Gnuserv uses Internet domain sockets, so it |
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1205 can work across most network connections. It also supports the |
546acc9b5282
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1206 execution of arbitrary Emacs Lisp forms and does not require the client |
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1207 program to wait for completion. |
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1208 |
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1209 The alpha version of an enhanced version of gnuserv is available at |
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1210 |
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1211 ftp://ftp.splode.com/pub/users/friedman/packages/fgnuserv-1.0.tar.gz |
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1212 |
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1213 41: How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages? |
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1214 |
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1215 The variable compilation-error-regexp-alist helps control how Emacs |
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1216 parses your compiler output. It is a list of triples of the form: |
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1217 |
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1218 (REGEXP FILE-IDX LINE-IDX) |
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1219 |
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1220 where REGEXP, FILE-IDX and LINE-IDX are strings. To help determine what |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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1221 the constituent elements should be, load compile.el and then use |
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1222 |
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1223 C-h v compilation-error-regexp-alist RET |
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1224 |
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1225 to see the current value. A good idea is to look at compile.el itself as |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1226 the comments included for this variable are quite useful -- the regular |
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|
1227 expressions required for your compiler's output may be very close to one |
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|
1228 already provided. Once you have determined the proper regexps, use the |
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|
1229 following to inform Emacs of your changes: |
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|
1230 |
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1231 (add-to-list 'compilation-error-regexp-alist |
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1232 '(REGEXP FILE-IDX LINE-IDX)) |
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1233 |
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1234 42: How do I indent C switch statements like this? |
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1235 |
1736 | 1236 Many people want to indent their switch statements like this: |
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1237 |
1736 | 1238 f() |
1239 { | |
1240 switch(x) { | |
1241 case A: | |
1242 x1; | |
1243 break; | |
1244 case B: | |
1245 x2; | |
1246 break; | |
1247 default: | |
1248 x3; | |
1249 } | |
1250 } | |
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1251 |
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1252 The solution at first appears to be: set c-indent-level to 4 and |
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1253 c-label-offset to -2. However, this will give you an indentation spacing |
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1254 of four instead of two. |
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1255 |
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1256 The solution is to use cc-mode (the default mode for C programming in |
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1257 Emacs 20) and add the following line: |
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1258 |
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1259 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+) |
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1260 |
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1261 There appears to be no way to do this with the old c-mode. |
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1262 |
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1263 43: How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally? |
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1264 |
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1265 Use hscroll-mode, included in Emacs 20. Here is some information from |
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1266 the documentation, available by typing C-h f hscroll-mode RET: |
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1267 |
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1268 Automatically scroll horizontally when the point moves off the |
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1269 left or right edge of the window. |
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1270 |
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1271 - Type "M-x hscroll-mode" to enable it in the current buffer. |
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1272 - Type "M-x hscroll-global-mode" to enable it in every buffer. |
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1273 - "turn-on-hscroll" is useful in mode hooks as in: |
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1274 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-hscroll) |
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1275 |
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1276 - hscroll-margin controls how close the cursor can get to the edge |
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1277 of the window. |
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1278 - hscroll-step-percent controls how far to jump once we decide to do so. |
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1279 |
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1280 44: How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting? |
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1281 |
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1282 M-x overwrite-mode (a minor mode). This toggles overwrite-mode on and |
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1283 off, so exiting from overwrite-mode is as easy as another M-x |
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1284 overwrite-mode. |
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1285 |
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1286 On some systems the "Insert" key toggles overwrite-mode on and off. |
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1287 |
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1288 45: How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal? |
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1289 |
1736 | 1290 Martin R. Frank <martin@cc.gatech.edu> writes: |
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1291 |
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1292 Tell Emacs to use the "visible bell" instead of the audible bell, and |
1736 | 1293 set the visible bell to nothing. |
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1294 |
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1295 That is, put the following in your TERMCAP environment variable |
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1296 (assuming you have one): |
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1297 |
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1298 ... :vb=: ... |
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1299 |
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1300 And evaluate the following Lisp form: |
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1301 |
1736 | 1302 (setq visible-bell t) |
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1303 |
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1304 46: How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X Windows? |
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1305 |
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1306 You can adjust the bell volume and duration for all programs with the |
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1307 shell command xset. |
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1308 |
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1309 Invoking xset without any arguments produces some basic information, |
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1310 including the following: |
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1311 |
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1312 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ... |
546acc9b5282
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1313 To turn bell off: |
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1314 -b b off b 0 |
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1315 To set bell volume, pitch and duration: |
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1316 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on |
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1317 |
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1318 47: How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the |
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1319 indentation of the previous line? |
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1320 |
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1321 Such behavior is automatic in text mode in Emacs 20. From the NEWS file |
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1322 for Emacs 20.2: |
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1323 |
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1324 ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs. This makes |
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1325 it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode in Text mode, |
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1326 and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode). TAB in Text mode |
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1327 now runs the command indent-relative; this makes a practical difference |
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1328 only when you use indented paragraphs. |
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1329 |
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1330 As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode, |
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1331 and is an alias for it. |
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1332 |
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1333 If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph, use |
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1334 the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode. |
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1335 |
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1336 If you have auto-fill mode on (see question 31), you can tell Emacs to |
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1337 prefix every line with a certain character sequence, the "fill prefix." |
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1338 Type the prefix at the beginning of a line, position point after it, and |
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1339 then type "C-x ." (set-fill-prefix) to set the fill prefix. Thereafter, |
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1340 auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the beginning of |
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1341 new lines, and M-q (fill-paragraph) will maintain any fill prefix when |
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1342 refilling the paragraph. |
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1343 |
1736 | 1344 NOTE: If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you |
1345 will have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move | |
1346 to a new paragraph. To avoid this hassle, try one of the many packages | |
23872
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1347 available from the Emacs Lisp Archive (see question 90.) Look up "fill" |
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1348 and "indent" in the Lisp Code Directory for guidance. |
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1349 |
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1350 48: How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at? |
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1351 |
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1352 As of version 19, Emacs comes with paren.el, which (when loaded) will |
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1353 automatically highlight matching parentheses whenever point (i.e., the |
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1354 cursor) is located over one. To load paren automatically, include the |
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1355 line |
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1356 |
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|
1357 (require 'paren) |
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1358 |
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1359 in your .emacs file. As of version 20.1, you must instead call |
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1360 show-paren-mode in your .emacs file: |
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1361 |
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1362 (show-paren-mode 1) |
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1363 |
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1364 and the "require" is redundant. |
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1365 |
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1366 The "customize" facility will let you turn on show-paren-mode. Use M-x |
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1367 customize-group RET paren-showing RET. From within customize, you can |
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1368 also go directly to the "paren-showing" group. |
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1369 |
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1370 Alternatives to paren include: |
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1371 |
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1372 * If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can |
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1373 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will blink the cursor on the matching |
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1374 parenthesis. |
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1375 |
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1376 * M-C-f (forward-sexp) and M-C-b (backward-sexp) will skip over one set |
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1377 of balanced parentheses, so you can see which parentheses match. (You |
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1378 can train it to skip over balanced brackets and braces at the same time |
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1379 by modifying the syntax table.) |
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1380 |
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1381 * Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the % key show the matching |
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1382 parenthesis, like in vi. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a |
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1383 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal. (`Parenthesis' actually |
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1384 includes and character with `open' or `close' syntax, which usually means |
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1385 "()[]{}".) |
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1386 |
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1387 ;; By an unknown contributor |
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|
1388 |
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|
1389 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren) |
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1390 |
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|
1391 (defun match-paren (arg) |
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1392 "Go to the matching parenthesis if on parenthesis otherwise insert %." |
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1393 (interactive "p") |
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|
1394 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1)) |
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1395 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1)) |
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1396 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1))))) |
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1397 |
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1398 49: In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after #ifdef |
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1399 commands are handled by the compiler? |
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|
1400 |
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1401 M-x hide-ifdef-mode. (This is a minor mode.) You might also want to try |
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1402 cpp.el, available at the Emacs Lisp Archive (see question 90). |
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1403 |
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1404 50: Is there an equivalent to the `.' (dot) command of vi? |
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1405 |
1736 | 1406 (`.' is the redo command in vi. It redoes the last insertion/deletion.) |
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1407 |
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1408 In Emacs 20.3 and later, use the C-x z ("repeat") command to repeat `simple |
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1409 commands'. |
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1410 |
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1411 Otherwise you can type "C-x ESC ESC" (repeat-complex-command) to reinvoke |
546acc9b5282
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1412 commands that used the minibuffer to get arguments. In |
546acc9b5282
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|
1413 repeat-complex-command you can type M-p and M-n to scan through all the |
546acc9b5282
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|
1414 different complex commands you've typed. |
546acc9b5282
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|
1415 |
546acc9b5282
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1416 To repeat a set of commands, use keyboard macros. (See "Keyboard Macros" |
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1417 in the on-line manual.) |
546acc9b5282
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1418 |
546acc9b5282
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1419 VIPER, which comes with Emacs, emulates vi, including `.'. (See question |
546acc9b5282
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1420 107.) |
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|
1421 |
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|
1422 51: What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)? |
546acc9b5282
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|
1423 |
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1424 See Emacs man page, or "Resources X" in the on-line manual. |
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1425 |
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1426 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
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1427 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1428 was compiled with the X toolkit. |
b097ca448b38
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1429 |
23872
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|
1430 52: How do I execute ("evaluate") a piece of Emacs Lisp code? |
546acc9b5282
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
1431 |
546acc9b5282
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|
1432 There are a number of ways to execute ("evaluate," in Lisp lingo) an |
546acc9b5282
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1433 Emacs Lisp "form": |
11822
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|
1434 |
1736 | 1435 * If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file |
23872
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1436 named ".emacs" in your home directory. This is known as your ".emacs |
546acc9b5282
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|
1437 file," and contains all of your personal customizations. |
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|
1438 |
1736 | 1439 * You can type the form in the *scratch* buffer, and then type LFD (or |
1440 C-j) after it. The result of evaluating the form will be inserted in | |
1441 the buffer. | |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1442 |
1736 | 1443 * In Emacs-Lisp mode, typing M-C-x evaluates a top-level form before or |
1444 around point. | |
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|
1445 |
1736 | 1446 * Typing "C-x C-e" in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately |
1447 before point and prints its value in the echo area. | |
11822
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|
1448 |
23872
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1449 * Typing M-: or M-x eval-expression allows you to type a Lisp form |
546acc9b5282
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|
1450 in the minibuffer which will be evaluated. |
11822
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|
1451 |
1736 | 1452 * You can use M-x load-file to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp forms in |
23872
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|
1453 a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function "load" instead.) |
546acc9b5282
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|
1454 |
546acc9b5282
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|
1455 These functions are also useful (see question 16 if you want to learn |
546acc9b5282
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|
1456 more about them): |
11822
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|
1457 |
1736 | 1458 load-library, eval-region, eval-current-buffer, require, autoload |
11822
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|
1459 |
23872
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|
1460 53: How do I change Emacs's idea of the tab character's length? |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1461 |
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diff
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|
1462 Set the variable default-tab-width. For example, to set tab stops every |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1463 10 characters, insert the following in your .emacs file: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1464 |
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|
1465 (setq default-tab-width 10) |
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|
1466 |
23872
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1467 Do not confuse variable tab-width with variable tab-stop-list. The |
546acc9b5282
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|
1468 former is used for the display of literal tab characters. The latter |
546acc9b5282
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|
1469 controls what characters are inserted when you press the TAB character in |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
1470 certain modes. |
546acc9b5282
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|
1471 |
546acc9b5282
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|
1472 54: How do I insert `>' at the beginning of every line? |
546acc9b5282
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|
1473 |
546acc9b5282
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|
1474 To do this to an entire buffer, type "M-< M-x replace-regexp RET ^ RET > |
546acc9b5282
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|
1475 RET". |
546acc9b5282
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|
1476 |
546acc9b5282
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|
1477 To do this to a region, use "string-rectangle" ("C-x r t"). Set the mark |
546acc9b5282
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|
1478 (`C-SPC') at the beginning of the first line you want to prefix, move the |
546acc9b5282
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|
1479 cursor to last line to be prefixed, and type "C-x r t > RET". To do this |
546acc9b5282
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|
1480 for the whole buffer, type "C-x h C-x r t > RET". In Emacs 20.3 and |
546acc9b5282
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1481 later, this will affect only the current region if Transient Mark mode is |
546acc9b5282
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|
1482 on (see NEWS via C-h N). |
546acc9b5282
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|
1483 |
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|
1484 If you are trying to prefix a yanked mail message with '>', you might |
546acc9b5282
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|
1485 want to set the variable mail-yank-prefix. Better yet, get the SuperCite |
546acc9b5282
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|
1486 package (see question 105), which provides flexible citation for yanked |
546acc9b5282
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|
1487 mail and news messages. |
546acc9b5282
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|
1488 |
546acc9b5282
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|
1489 55: How do I insert "_^H" before each character in a region to get an |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1490 underlined paragraph? |
b097ca448b38
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|
1491 |
1736 | 1492 M-x underline-region. |
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|
1493 |
23872
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1494 56: How do I repeat a command as many times as possible? |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1495 |
1736 | 1496 Use "C-x (" and "C-x )" to make a keyboard macro that invokes the command |
1497 and then type "M-0 C-x e". | |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1498 |
1736 | 1499 WARNING: any messages your command prints in the echo area will be |
1500 suppressed. | |
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|
1501 |
23872
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1502 57: How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1503 should stay in the same column even if the line is too short? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
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|
1504 |
23872
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|
1505 M-x picture-mode. |
546acc9b5282
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|
1506 |
546acc9b5282
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|
1507 58: How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself? |
546acc9b5282
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|
1508 |
546acc9b5282
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|
1509 "C-z" iconifies Emacs when running under X Windows and suspends Emacs |
546acc9b5282
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1510 otherwise. See "Misc X" in the on-line manual. |
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1511 |
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|
1512 59: How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs? |
546acc9b5282
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|
1513 |
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1514 See "Regexps" in the on-line manual. |
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1515 |
1736 | 1516 WARNING: The "or" operator is `\|', not `|', and the grouping operators |
23872
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1517 are `\(' and `\)'. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is `\\'. To |
546acc9b5282
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|
1518 specify a regular expression like xxx\(foo\|bar\) in a Lisp string, use |
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1519 |
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1520 "xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)" |
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1521 |
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|
1522 Notice the doubled backslashes! |
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|
1523 |
1736 | 1524 WARNING: Unlike in Unix grep, sed, etc., a complement character set |
1525 ([^...]) can match a newline character (LFD aka C-j aka \n), unless | |
1526 newline is mentioned as one of the characters not to match. | |
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|
1527 |
23872
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1528 WARNING: The character syntax regexps (e.g., "\sw") are not meaningful |
546acc9b5282
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|
1529 inside character set regexps (e.g., "[aeiou]"). (This is actually |
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|
1530 typical for regexp syntax.) |
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|
1531 |
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|
1532 60: How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file? |
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|
1533 |
1736 | 1534 The "tags" feature of Emacs includes the command tags-query-replace which |
1535 performs a query-replace across all the files mentioned in the TAGS file. | |
23872
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1536 See "Tags Search" in the on-line manual. |
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|
1537 |
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|
1538 As of Emacs 19.29, Dired mode ("M-x dired RET", or C-x d) supports the |
546acc9b5282
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|
1539 command dired-do-query-replace, which allows users to replace regular |
546acc9b5282
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|
1540 expressions in multiple files. |
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|
1541 |
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|
1542 61: Where is the documentation for "etags"? |
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|
1543 |
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|
1544 "etags" is documented in the Tags node of the Emacs manual. The "etags" |
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|
1545 man page should be in the same place as the "emacs" man page. |
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1546 |
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|
1547 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example, |
23872
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|
1548 "etags -H". |
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1549 |
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1550 62: How do I disable backup files? |
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1551 |
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1552 You probably don't want to do this, since backups are useful. |
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1553 |
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1554 To avoid seeing backup files (and other "uninteresting" files) in Dired, |
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1555 load dired-x by adding the following to your .emacs file: |
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1556 |
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1557 (add-hook 'dired-load-hook |
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1558 (function (lambda () |
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1559 (load "dired-x")))) |
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1560 |
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1561 With dired-x loaded, `M-o' toggles omitting in each dired buffer. You |
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1562 can make omitting the default for new dired buffers by putting the |
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1563 following in your .emacs: |
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1564 |
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1565 (setq initial-dired-omit-files-p t) |
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1566 |
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1567 If you're tired of seeing backup files whenever you do an "ls" at the |
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1568 Unix shell, try GNU ls with the "-B" option. GNU ls is part of the GNU |
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1569 fileutils package, available at mirrors of ftp.gnu.org (see question 92). |
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1570 |
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1571 To disable or change how backups are made, see "Backup Names" in the |
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1572 on-line manual. |
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1573 |
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1574 63: How do I disable auto-save-mode? |
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1575 |
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1576 You probably don't want to do this, since auto-saving is useful, |
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1577 especially when Emacs or your computer crashes while you are editing a |
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1578 document. |
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1579 |
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1580 Instead, you might want to change the variable auto-save-interval, which |
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1581 specifies how many keystrokes Emacs waits before auto-saving. Increasing |
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1582 this value forces Emacs to wait longer between auto-saves, which might |
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1583 annoy you less. |
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1584 |
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1585 You might also want to look into Sebastian Kremer's auto-save package, |
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1586 available from the Lisp Code Archive (see question 90). This package |
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1587 also allows you to place all auto-save files in one directory, such as |
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1588 /tmp. |
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1589 |
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1590 To disable or change how auto-save-mode works, see "Auto Save" in the |
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1591 on-line manual. |
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1592 |
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1593 64: How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options? |
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1594 |
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1595 Each menu title (e.g., Buffers, File, Edit) represents a local or global |
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1596 keymap. Selecting a menu title with the mouse displays that keymap's |
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1597 non-nil contents in the form of a menu. |
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1598 |
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1599 So to add a menu option to an existing menu, all you have to do is add a |
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1600 new definition to the appropriate keymap. Adding a "forward word" |
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1601 command to the "Edit" menu thus requires the following Lisp code: |
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1602 |
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1603 (define-key global-map |
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1604 [menu-bar edit forward] |
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1605 '("Forward word" . forward-word)) |
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1606 |
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1607 The first line adds the entry to the global keymap, which includes global |
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1608 menu bar entries. Replacing the reference to "global-map" with a local |
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1609 keymap would add this menu option only within a particular mode. |
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1610 |
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1611 The second line describes the path from the menu-bar to the new entry. |
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1612 Placing this menu entry underneath the "File" menu would mean changing |
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1613 the word "edit" in the second line to "file." |
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1614 |
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1615 The third line is a cons cell whose first element is the title that will |
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1616 be displayed, and whose second element is the function that will be |
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1617 called when that menu option is invoked. |
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1618 |
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1619 To add a new menu, rather than a new option to an existing menu, we must |
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1620 define an entirely new keymap: |
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1621 |
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1622 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] |
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1623 (cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words"))) |
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1624 |
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1625 The above code creates a new sparse keymap, gives it the name "Words", |
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1626 and attaches it to the global menu bar. Adding the "forward word" |
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1627 command to this new menu would thus require the following code: |
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1628 |
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1629 (define-key global-map |
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1630 [menu-bar words forward] |
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1631 '("Forward word" . forward-word)) |
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1632 |
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1633 Note that because of the way keymaps work, menu options are displayed |
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1634 with the more recently defined items at the top. Thus if you were to |
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1635 define menu options "foo", "bar", and "baz" (in that order), menu option |
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1636 "baz" would appear at the top, and "foo" would be at the bottom. |
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1637 |
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1638 One way to avoid this problem is to use the function define-key-after, |
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1639 which works the same as define-key, but lets you modify where items |
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1640 appear. The following Lisp code would insert the "forward word" function |
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1641 in the "edit" menu immediately following the "undo" option: |
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1642 |
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1643 (define-key-after |
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1644 (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar edit]) |
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1645 [forward] |
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1646 '("Forward word" . forward-word) |
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1647 'undo) |
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1648 |
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1649 Note how the second and third arguments to define-key-after are different |
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1650 from those of define-key, and that we have added a new (final) argument, |
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1651 the function after which our new key should be defined. |
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1652 |
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1653 To move a menu option from one position to another, simply evaluate |
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1654 define-key-after with the appropriate final argument. |
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1655 |
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1656 More detailed information -- and more examples of how to create and |
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1657 modify menu options -- are in the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual, under |
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1658 "Menu Keymaps." (See question 16 for information on this manual.) |
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1659 |
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1660 Note that Emacs 20.3 introduced a better (`extended') format for menu |
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1661 items, described in the NEWS file and the Lisp Manual. The "easymenu" |
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1662 package provides support for defining menus conveniently with some |
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1663 portability amongst Emacs versions. |
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1664 |
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1665 65: How do I delete menus and menu options? |
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1666 |
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1667 The simplest way to remove a menu is to set its keymap to nil. For |
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1668 example, to delete the "Words" menu (from question 64), use: |
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1669 |
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1670 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] nil) |
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1671 |
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1672 Similarly, removing a menu option requires redefining a keymap entry to |
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1673 nil. For example, to delete the "Forward word" menu option from the |
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1674 "Edit" menu (we added it in question 64), use: |
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1675 |
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1676 (define-key global-map [menu-bar edit forward] nil) |
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1677 |
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1678 66: How do I turn on syntax highlighting? |
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1679 |
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1680 Font-lock mode is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax |
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1681 highlighting. With font-lock mode invoked, different types of text will |
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1682 appear in different colors. For instance, if you turn on font-lock in a |
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1683 programming mode, variables will appear in one face, keywords in a |
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1684 second, and comments in a third. |
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1685 |
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1686 Earlier versions of Emacs supported hilit19, a similar package. Use of |
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1687 hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although hilit19.el comes with |
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1688 the stock Emacs distribution. It is no longer maintained. |
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1689 |
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1690 To turn font-lock mode on within an existing buffer, use "M-x |
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1691 font-lock-mode RET". |
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1692 |
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1693 To automatically invoke font-lock mode when a particular major mode is |
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1694 invoked, set the major mode's hook or define font-lock-global-modes as a |
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1695 list with the mode name as an element. For example, to fontify all |
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1696 c-mode buffers, add the following to your .emacs file: |
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1697 |
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1698 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock) |
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1699 |
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1700 To automatically invoke font-lock mode for all major modes, you can turn |
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1701 on global-font-lock mode by including the following line in your .emacs |
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1702 file (or use Custom): |
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1703 |
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1704 (global-font-lock-mode 1) |
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1705 |
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1706 This instructs Emacs to turn on font-lock mode in those buffers for which |
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1707 a font-lock mode definition has been provided (in the variable |
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1708 font-lock-global-modes or via the variable font-lock-defaults-alist). If |
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1709 you edit a file in pie-ala-mode, and no font-lock definitions have been |
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1710 provided for pie-ala files, then the above setting will have no effect on |
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1711 that particular buffer. |
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1712 |
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1713 Highlighting with font-lock mode can take quite a while, and thus |
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1714 different levels of decoration are available, from slight to gaudy. To |
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1715 control how decorated your buffers should become, set the value of |
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1716 font-lock-maximum-decoration in your .emacs file, with a nil value |
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1717 indicating default (usually minimum) decoration, and a t value indicating |
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1718 the maximum decoration. For the gaudiest possible look, then, include |
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1719 the line |
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1720 |
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1721 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t) |
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1722 |
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1723 in your .emacs file. You can also set this variable such that different |
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1724 modes are highlighted in a different ways; for more information, see the |
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1725 documentation for font-lock-maximum-decoration with "C-h v" (or "M-x |
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1726 describe-variable RET"). |
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1727 |
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1728 You might also want to investigate fast-lock-mode and lazy-lock-mode, |
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1729 versions of font-lock-mode that speed up highlighting. The advantage of |
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1730 lazy-lock-mode is that it only fontifies buffers when certain conditions |
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1731 are met, such as after a certain amount of idle time, or after you have |
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1732 finished scrolling through text. See the documentation for |
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1733 lazy-lock-mode by typing C-h f lazy-lock-mode ("M-x describe-function RET |
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1734 lazy-lock-mode RET"). |
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1735 |
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1736 Also see the documentation for the function font-lock-mode, available by |
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1737 typing C-h f font-lock-mode ("M-x describe-function RET font-lock-mode |
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1738 RET"). |
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1739 |
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1740 For more information on font-lock mode, particularly adding new patterns, |
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1741 see the Lisp Reference Manual and the commentary in the source |
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1742 font-lock.el, which you can find in Emacs 20 (if it is installed) using, |
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1743 say, M-x find-function font-lock-mode. |
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1744 |
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1745 To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use |
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1746 "M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces" or "M-x ps-print-region-with-faces". |
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1747 |
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1748 67: How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the |
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1749 bottom of the screen? |
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1750 |
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1751 Place the following Lisp form in your .emacs file: |
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1752 |
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1753 (setq scroll-step 1) |
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1754 |
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1755 Also see "Scrolling" in the on-line manual. |
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1756 |
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1757 68: How can I replace highlighted text with what I type? |
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1758 |
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1759 Use delete-selection mode, which you can start automatically by placing |
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1760 the following Lisp form in your .emacs file: |
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1761 |
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1762 (delete-selection-mode t) |
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|
1763 |
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1764 According to the documentation string for delete-selection mode (which |
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1765 you can read using M-x describe-function RET delete-selection-mode RET): |
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1766 |
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1767 When ON, typed text replaces the selection if the selection is active. |
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1768 When OFF, typed text is just inserted at point. |
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1769 |
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1770 This mode also allows you to delete (not kill) the highlighted region by |
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1771 pressing DEL. |
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1772 |
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1773 69: How can I edit MS-DOS files using Emacs? |
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1774 |
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1775 As of Emacs 20, detection and handling of MS-DOS (and Windows) files is |
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1776 performed transparently. You can open an MS-DOS file on a Unix system |
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1777 (and vice versa), edit it, and save it without having to worry about the |
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1778 file format. To save it with a different end-of-line convention use |
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1779 C-x RET c to specify a new coding system such as undecided-unix. |
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1780 |
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1781 When editing an MS-DOS style file, a backslash (\) will appear in the |
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1782 mode line. |
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1783 |
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1784 You can avoid translation of the end-of-line conventions either by |
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1785 visiting a file using M-x find-file-literally or by setting the variable |
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1786 inhibit-eol-conversion to t. |
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1787 |
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1788 If you are running an earlier version of Emacs, get crypt++ from |
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1789 ftp://ftp.cs.umb.edu/pub/misc/crypt++.el. Among other things, crypt++ |
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1790 transparently modifies MS-DOS files as they are loaded and saved, |
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1791 allowing you to ignore the different conventions that Unix and MS-DOS |
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1792 have for delineating the end of a line. |
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1793 |
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1794 70: How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after |
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1795 each period? |
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1796 |
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1797 Ulrich Mueller <ulm@vsnhd1.cern.ch> suggests adding the following two |
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1798 lines to your .emacs file: |
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1799 |
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1800 (setq sentence-end "[.?!][]\"')}]*\\($\\|[ \t]\\)[ \t\n]*") |
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1801 (setq sentence-end-double-space nil) |
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1802 |
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1803 See "Sentences" in the online manual. |
1736 | 1804 |
1805 | |
1806 Bugs/Problems | |
1807 | |
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1808 71: Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes? |
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1809 |
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1810 Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing |
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1811 files larger than 8 megabytes. As of version 19.29, the maximum buffer |
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1812 size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes. |
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1813 |
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1814 If you are using an older version of Emacs and cannot upgrade, you will |
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1815 have to recompile. Leonard N. Zubkoff <lnz@lucid.com> suggests putting |
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1816 the following two lines in src/config.h before compiling Emacs to allow |
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1817 for 26-bit integers and pointers (and thus file sizes of up to 33,554,431 |
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1818 bytes): |
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1819 |
1736 | 1820 #define VALBITS 26 |
1821 #define GCTYPEBITS 5 | |
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1822 |
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1823 WARNING: This method may result in "ILLEGAL DATATYPE" and other random |
1736 | 1824 errors on some machines. |
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1825 |
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1826 David Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu> explains how this problems |
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1827 crops up; while his numbers are true only for pre-19.29 versions of |
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1828 Emacs, the theory remains the same with current versions. |
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1829 |
1736 | 1830 Emacs is largely written in a dialect of Lisp; Lisp is a freely-typed |
1831 language in the sense that you can put any value of any type into any | |
1832 variable, or return it from a function, and so on. So each value must | |
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1833 carry a "tag" along with it identifying what kind of thing it is, e.g., |
1736 | 1834 integer, pointer to a list, pointer to an editing buffer, and so on. |
1835 Emacs uses standard 32-bit integers for data objects, taking the top 8 | |
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1836 bits for the tag and the bottom 24 bits for the value. So integers |
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1837 (and pointers) are somewhat restricted compared to true C integers and |
1736 | 1838 pointers. |
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1839 |
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1840 72: How do I get rid of ^M or echoed commands in my shell buffer? |
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1841 |
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1842 Try typing "M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m RET" while in shell-mode to make them |
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1843 go away. You might add this function to comint-output-filter-functions: |
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1844 |
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1845 (add-hook 'comint-output-filter-functions 'shell-strip-ctrl-m) |
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1846 |
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1847 If that doesn't work, you have several options: |
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1848 |
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1849 For tcsh, put this in your .cshrc (or .tcshrc) file: |
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1850 |
1736 | 1851 if ($?EMACS) then |
1852 if ("$EMACS" == t) then | |
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1853 if ($?tcsh) unset edit |
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1854 stty nl |
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1855 endif |
1736 | 1856 endif |
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1857 |
1736 | 1858 Or put this in your .emacs_tcsh file: |
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1859 |
1736 | 1860 unset edit |
1861 stty nl | |
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1862 |
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1863 Alternatively, use csh in your shell buffers instead of tcsh. One way |
1736 | 1864 is: |
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1865 |
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1866 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh") |
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1867 |
1736 | 1868 and another is to do this in your .cshrc (or .tcshrc) file: |
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1869 |
1736 | 1870 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh |
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1871 |
1736 | 1872 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly |
1873 set for this to take effect.) | |
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1874 |
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1875 You can also set the ESHELL environment variable in Emacs Lisp with |
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1876 the following Lisp form, |
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1877 |
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1878 (setenv "ESHELL" "/bin/csh") |
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1879 |
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1880 On a related note: If your shell is echoing your input line in the shell |
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1881 buffer, you might want to try the following command in your shell |
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1882 start-up file: |
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1883 |
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1884 stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z |
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1885 |
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1886 73: Why do I get "Process shell exited abnormally with code 1"? |
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1887 |
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1888 The most likely reason for this message is that the "env" program is not |
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1889 properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture, and |
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1890 install it with a+x permission in the architecture-dependent Emacs |
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1891 program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your site by |
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1892 inspecting the value of the variable exec-directory by typing "C-h v |
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1893 exec-directory RET".) |
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1894 |
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1895 You should also check for other programs named "env" in your path (e.g., |
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1896 SunOS has a program named /usr/bin/env). We don't understand why this |
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1897 can cause a failure and don't know a general solution for working around |
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1898 the problem in this case. |
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1899 |
1736 | 1900 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started |
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1901 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the |
1736 | 1902 xterm was later terminated. |
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1903 |
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1904 See also etc/PROBLEMS for other possible causes of this message. |
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1905 |
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1906 74: Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type "emacs"? |
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1907 |
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1908 The termcap entry for terminal type "emacs" is ordinarily put in the |
1736 | 1909 TERMCAP environment variable of subshells. It may help in certain |
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1910 situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an entry for |
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1911 "emacs" to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a correct termcap entry |
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1912 for "emacs": |
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1913 |
1736 | 1914 emacs:tc=unknown: |
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1915 |
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1916 To make a terminfo entry for "emacs", use "tic" or "captoinfo." You need |
1736 | 1917 to generate /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs. It may work to simply copy |
1918 /usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb to /usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs. | |
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1919 |
1736 | 1920 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen |
1921 programs in shell buffers. Use M-x terminal-emulator for that instead. | |
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1922 |
1736 | 1923 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to |
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1924 change terminal type "emacs" to type "dumb" or "unknown" in your shell |
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1925 start up file. "csh" users could put this in their .cshrc files: |
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1926 |
1736 | 1927 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb |
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1928 |
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1929 75: Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying "I-search:" and beeping? |
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1930 |
1736 | 1931 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is |
1932 sending C-s and C-q for flow control, and Emacs is receiving these | |
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1933 characters and interpreting them as commands. (The C-s character |
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1934 normally invokes the isearch-forward command.) For possible solutions, |
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1935 see question 121. |
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1936 |
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1937 76: Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)? |
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1938 |
1736 | 1939 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of |
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1940 gethostbyname than the rest of the programs on the machine. This is |
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1941 often manifested as a message on startup of "X server not responding. |
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1942 Check your DISPLAY environment variable." or a message of "Unknown host" |
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1943 from open-network-stream. |
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1944 |
1736 | 1945 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C |
1946 library. The version of gethostbyname in the static C library may only | |
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1947 look in /etc/hosts and the NIS (YP) maps, while the version in the |
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1948 dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in addition to or |
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1949 instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V R3.6, the version |
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1950 of gethostbyname in the standard library works, but the one that works |
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1951 with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet). Other operating systems |
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1952 have similar problems. |
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1953 |
1736 | 1954 Try these options: |
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1955 |
1736 | 1956 * Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to /etc/hosts. |
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|
1957 |
1736 | 1958 * Relink Emacs with this line in src/config.h: |
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1959 |
1736 | 1960 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv |
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|
1961 |
1736 | 1962 * Replace gethostbyname and friends in libc.a with more useful versions |
1963 such as the ones in libresolv.a. Then relink Emacs. | |
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|
1964 |
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1965 * If you are actually running NIS, make sure that "ypbind" is properly |
1736 | 1966 told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch. |
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|
1967 |
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1968 77: Why does Emacs say "Error in init file"? |
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1969 |
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|
1970 An error occurred while loading either your .emacs file or the |
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|
1971 system-wide lisp/default.el file. For information on how to debug your |
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|
1972 .emacs file, see question 27. |
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|
1973 |
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1974 It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a |
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|
1975 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case |
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1976 of this is explained in question 117. |
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|
1977 |
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1978 78: Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)? |
11822
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|
1979 |
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|
1980 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified |
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1981 by the XFILESEARCHPATH, XUSERFILESEARCHPATH, and XAPPLRESDIR environment |
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1982 variables, emulating the functionality provided by programs written using |
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|
1983 Xt. |
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|
1984 |
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|
1985 XFILESEARCHPATH and XUSERFILESEARCHPATH should be a list of file names |
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1986 separated by colons; XAPPLRESDIR should be a list of directory names |
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|
1987 separated by colons. |
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|
1988 |
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|
1989 Emacs searches for X resources |
23872
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Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
1990 |
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|
1991 + specified on the command line, with the "-xrm RESOURCESTRING" |
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|
1992 option, |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1993 + then in the value of the XENVIRONMENT environment variable, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1994 - or if that is unset, in the file named ~/.Xdefaults-HOSTNAME if it |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1995 exists |
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|
1996 (where HOSTNAME is the hostname of the machine Emacs is running on), |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1997 + then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1998 provided by the server, |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1999 - or if those properties are unset, in the file named ~/.Xdefaults |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
2000 if it exists, |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
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|
2001 + then in the files listed in XUSERFILESEARCHPATH, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
2002 - or in files named LANG/Emacs in directories listed in XAPPLRESDIR |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
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parents:
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diff
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|
2003 (where LANG is the value of the LANG environment variable), if |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2004 the LANG environment variable is set, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2005 - or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in XAPPLRESDIR |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2006 - or in ~/LANG/Emacs (if the LANG environment variable is set), |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2007 - or in ~/Emacs, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2008 + then in the files listed in XFILESEARCHPATH. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2009 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2010 79: Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2011 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2012 Old versions of Emacs (i.e., versions before Emacs 20.x) often |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2013 encountered this when the master lock file, "!!!SuperLock!!!" has been |
1736 | 2014 left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it. |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2015 |
1736 | 2016 Mark Meuer <meuer@geom.umn.edu> says that NeXT NFS has a bug where an |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2017 exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This can cause |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2018 the same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work over NFS |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2019 anyway, the best solution is to recompile Emacs with CLASH_DETECTION |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2020 undefined. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2021 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2022 80: How do I edit a file with a `$' in its name? |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2023 |
1736 | 2024 When entering a filename in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand |
2025 a `$' followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress this | |
2026 behavior, type "$$" instead. | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
2027 |
23872
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2028 81: Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory? |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2029 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2030 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2031 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2032 guess by recognizing "cd" commands. If you type "cd" followed by a |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2033 directory name with a variable reference ("cd $HOME/bin") or with a shell |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2034 metacharacter ("cd ../lib*"), Emacs will fail to correctly guess the |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2035 shell's new current directory. A huge variety of fixes and enhancements |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2036 to shell mode for this problem have been written to handle this problem. |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2037 Check the Lisp Code Directory (see question 89). |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2038 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2039 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command "M-x |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2040 dirs". |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2041 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2042 82: Are there any security risks in Emacs? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2043 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2044 * the "movemail" incident (No, this is not a risk.) |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2045 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2046 In his book "The Cuckoo's Egg," Cliff Stoll describes this in chapter |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2047 4. The site at LBL had installed the "etc/movemail" program setuid |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2048 root. (As of version 19, movemail is in your architecture-specific |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2049 directory; type "C-h v exec-directory RET" to see what it is.) Since |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2050 "movemail" had not been designed for this situation, a security hole |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2051 was created and users could get root privileges. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2052 |
23872
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2053 "movemail" has since been changed so that this security hole will not |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2054 exist, even if it is installed setuid root. However, movemail no |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2055 longer needs to be installed setuid root, which should eliminate this |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2056 particular risk. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2057 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2058 We have heard unverified reports that the 1988 Internet worm took |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2059 advantage of this configuration problem. |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2060 |
1736 | 2061 * the file-local-variable feature (Yes, a risk, but easy to change.) |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2062 |
1736 | 2063 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2064 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2065 near the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2066 have arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited. |
1736 | 2067 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this |
2068 feature. | |
11822
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
2069 |
23872
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2070 Emacs 18 allowed this feature by default; users could disable it by |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2071 setting the variable inhibit-local-variables to a non-nil value. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2072 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2073 As of Emacs 19, Emacs has a list of local variables that create a |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2074 security risk. If a file tries to set one of them, it asks the user to |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2075 confirm whether the variables should be set. You can also tell Emacs |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2076 whether to allow the evaluation of Emacs Lisp code found at the bottom |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2077 of files by setting the variable enable-local-eval. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2078 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2079 For more information, see "File Variables" in the on-line manual. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2080 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2081 * synthetic X events (Yes, a risk; use MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 or better.) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2082 |
1736 | 2083 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the SendEvent request as |
2084 though they were regular events. As a result, if you are using the | |
2085 trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X | |
3591
507f64624555
Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
2703
diff
changeset
|
2086 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do |
507f64624555
Apply typo patches from Paul Eggert.
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
2703
diff
changeset
|
2087 anything, including run other processes with your privileges. |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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2088 |
1736 | 2089 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open |
2090 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real | |
2091 authentication mechanism, such as MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1. If using the | |
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2092 "xauth" program has any effect, then you are probably using |
1736 | 2093 MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1. Your site may be using a superior authentication |
2094 method; ask your system administrator. | |
11822
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2095 |
1736 | 2096 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by |
2097 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X | |
2098 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by | |
11822
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2099 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but |
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2100 DOES NOT ELIMINATE THE RISK. |
1736 | 2101 |
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2102 On most computers running Unix and X Windows, you enable and disable |
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2103 access using the "xhost" command. To allow all hosts access to your X |
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2104 server, use |
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2105 |
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2106 xhost + |
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2107 |
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2108 at the shell prompt, which (on an HP machine, at least) produces the |
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2109 following message: |
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2110 |
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2111 access control disabled, clients can connect from any host |
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2112 |
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2113 To deny all hosts access to your X server (except those explicitly |
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2114 allowed by name), use |
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2115 |
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2116 xhost - |
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2117 |
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2118 On the test HP computer, this command generated the following message: |
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2119 |
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2120 access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect |
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2121 |
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2122 83: Dired says, "no file on this line" when I try to do something. |
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2123 |
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2124 Chances are you're using a localized version of Unix that doesn't |
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2125 use US date format in dired listings. You can check this by looking |
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2126 at dired listings or by typing `ls -l' to a shell and looking at the |
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2127 dates that come out. |
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2128 |
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2129 Dired uses a regular expression to find the beginning of a file |
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2130 name. In a long Unix-style directory listing ("ls -l"), the file |
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2131 name starts after the date. The regexp has thus been written to |
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2132 look for the date, the format of which can vary on non-US systems. |
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2133 |
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2134 There are two approaches to solving this. The first one involves |
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2135 setting things up so that "ls -l" outputs US date format. This can |
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2136 be done by setting the locale. See your OS manual for more |
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2137 information. |
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2138 |
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2139 The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by |
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2140 dired, dired-move-to-filename-regexp. |
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2141 |
1736 | 2142 |
2143 Difficulties Building/Installing/Porting Emacs | |
2144 | |
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2145 84: How do I install Emacs? |
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2146 |
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2147 This answer is meant for users of Unix and Unix-like systems. Users of |
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2148 other operating systems should see the series of questions beginning with |
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2149 question 94, which describe where to get non-Unix source and binaries. |
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2150 These packages should come with installation instructions. |
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2151 |
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2152 For Unix and Unix-like systems, the easiest way is often to compile it |
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2153 from scratch. You will need: |
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2154 |
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2155 * Emacs sources. See question 92 for a list of ftp sites that make them |
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2156 available. On ftp.gnu.org, the main GNU distribution site, sources are |
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2157 available at |
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2158 |
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2159 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs-20.4.tar.gz |
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2160 |
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2161 The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For |
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2162 instance, when Emacs 20.5 is released, it will most probably be |
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2163 available at |
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2164 |
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2165 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs-20.5.tar.gz |
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2166 |
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2167 Again, you should use one of the mirror sites in question 92 (and |
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2168 adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on ftp.gnu.org. |
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2169 |
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2170 * Gzip, the GNU compression utility. You can get gzip via anonymous ftp |
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2171 at mirrors of ftp.gnu.org sites; it should compile and install without |
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2172 much trouble on most systems. Once you have retrieved the Emacs |
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2173 sources, you will probably be able to uncompress them with the command |
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2174 |
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2175 gunzip --verbose emacs-20.4.tar.gz |
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2176 |
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2177 changing the Emacs version (20.4), as necessary. Once gunzip has |
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2178 finished doing its job, a file by the name of "emacs-20.4.tar" should |
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2179 be in your build directory. |
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2180 |
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2181 * Tar, the "tape archiving" program, which moves multiple files into and |
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2182 out of archive files, or "tarfiles." All of the files comprising the |
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2183 Emacs source come in a single tarfile, and must be extracted using tar |
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2184 before you can build Emacs. Typically, the extraction command would |
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2185 look like |
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2186 |
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2187 tar -xvvf emacs-20.4.tar |
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2188 |
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2189 The `x' indicates that we want to extract files from this tarfile, the |
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2190 two `v's force verbose output, and the `f' tells tar to use a disk |
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2191 file, rather than one on tape. |
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2192 |
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2193 If you're using GNU tar (available at mirrors of ftp.gnu.org), you can |
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2194 combine this step and the previous one by using the command |
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2195 |
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2196 tar -zxvvf emacs-20.4.tar.gz |
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2197 |
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2198 The additional `z' at the beginning of the options list tells GNU tar |
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2199 to uncompress the file with gunzip before extracting the tarfile's |
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2200 components. |
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2201 |
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2202 At this point, the Emacs sources (all 25+ megabytes of them) should be |
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2203 sitting in a directory called "emacs-20.4". On most common Unix and |
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2204 Unix-like systems, you should be able to compile Emacs (with X Windows |
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2205 support) with the following commands: |
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2206 |
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2207 cd emacs-20.4 [ change directory to emacs-20.4 ] |
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2208 ./configure [ configure Emacs for your particular system ] |
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2209 make [ use Makefile to build components, then Emacs ] |
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2210 |
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2211 If the "make" completes successfully, the odds are fairly good that the |
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2212 build has gone well. (See question 86 if you weren't successful.) |
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2213 |
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2214 To install Emacs in its default directories of /usr/local/bin (binaries), |
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2215 /usr/local/share/emacs/20.xx (Lisp code and support files), |
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2216 /usr/local/libexec/CONFIGURATION/emacs/VERSION (executable files to be |
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2217 run by Emacs rather than users), /usr/local/man/man1 (man pages) and |
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2218 /usr/local/info (Info documentation), become the super-user and type |
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2219 |
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2220 make install |
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2221 |
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2222 Note that "make install" will overwrite /usr/local/bin/emacs and any |
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2223 Emacs Info files that might be in /usr/local/info. |
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2224 |
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2225 Much more verbose instructions (with many more hints and suggestions) |
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2226 come with the Emacs sources, in the file "INSTALL". |
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2227 |
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2228 85: How do I update Emacs to the latest version? |
546acc9b5282
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|
2229 |
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2230 Follow the instructions in question 84. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2231 |
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2232 Emacs places nearly everything in version-specific directories (e.g., |
546acc9b5282
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2233 /usr/local/share/emacs/20.4), so the only files that can be overwritten |
546acc9b5282
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|
2234 when installing a new release are /usr/local/bin/emacs and the Emacs Info |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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2235 documentation in /usr/local/info. Back up these files before you install |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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2236 a new release, and you shouldn't have too much trouble. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2237 |
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2238 86: What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs? |
11822
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2239 |
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2240 First look in the file PROBLEMS (in the top-level directory when you |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
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|
2241 unpack the Emacs source) to see if there is already a solution for your |
23872
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2242 problem. Next, look for other questions in this FAQ that have to do with |
546acc9b5282
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|
2243 Emacs installation and compilation problems. |
546acc9b5282
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|
2244 |
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2245 If you'd like to have someone look at your problem and help solve it, see |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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2246 question 21. |
546acc9b5282
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|
2247 |
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2248 If you don't find a solution, then report your problem via e-mail to |
546acc9b5282
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2249 bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org. Please do not post it to gnu.emacs.help |
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2250 or e-mail it to help-gnu-emacs@gnu.org. For further guidelines, |
546acc9b5282
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2251 see question 8 and question 10. |
546acc9b5282
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2252 |
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2253 87: Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail? |
11822
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2254 |
1736 | 2255 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library, |
2256 libX11.a. This may be missing. | |
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|
2257 |
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2258 Under OpenWindows, you may need to use "add_services" to add the |
546acc9b5282
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|
2259 "OpenWindows Programmers" optional software category from the CD-ROM. |
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|
2260 |
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2261 Under HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run "update" again to load the X11-PRG |
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2262 "fileset". This may be missing even if you specified "all filesets" the |
11822
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2263 first time. If libcurses.a is missing, you may need to load the |
23872
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|
2264 "Berkeley Development Option." |
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|
2265 |
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2266 David Zuhn <zoo@armadillo.com> says that MIT X builds shared libraries by |
546acc9b5282
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2267 default, and only shared libraries, on those platforms that support them. |
546acc9b5282
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2268 These shared libraries can't be used when undumping temacs (the last |
546acc9b5282
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2269 stage of the Emacs build process). To get regular libraries in addition |
546acc9b5282
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2270 to shared libraries, add this to site.cf: |
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|
2271 |
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2272 #define ForceNormalLib YES |
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2273 |
1736 | 2274 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define |
2275 CANNOT_DUMP and link with the shared libraries instead. | |
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|
2276 |
1736 | 2277 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's |
2278 liboldX.a. | |
2279 | |
2280 | |
2281 Finding/Getting Emacs and Related Packages | |
2282 | |
23872
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|
2283 88: Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)? |
11822
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2284 |
1736 | 2285 Look in the files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for information on nearby |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
2286 archive sites and etc/ORDERS for mail orders. If you don't already have |
23872
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2287 Emacs, see question 20 for how to get these files. |
546acc9b5282
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2288 |
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2289 See question 84 for information on how to obtain and build the latest |
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Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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2290 version of Emacs, and question 92 for a list of archive sites that make |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2291 GNU software available. |
546acc9b5282
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|
2292 |
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2293 89: How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX? |
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2294 |
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2295 First of all, you should check to make sure that the package isn't |
546acc9b5282
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2296 already available. For example, typing "M-x apropos RET wordstar RET" |
546acc9b5282
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|
2297 lists all functions and variables containing the string "wordstar". |
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|
2298 |
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2299 It is also possible that the package is on your system, but has not been |
546acc9b5282
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2300 loaded. To see which packages are available for loading, look through your |
546acc9b5282
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2301 computer's lisp directory (see question 4) or use the Finder (C-h p) to |
546acc9b5282
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2302 search under keywords. The Lisp source to most most packages contains a |
546acc9b5282
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|
2303 short description of how they should be loaded, invoked, and configured -- |
546acc9b5282
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2304 so before you use or modify a Lisp package, see if the author has provided |
546acc9b5282
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|
2305 any hints in the source code. |
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|
2306 |
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2307 If a package does not come with Emacs, check the Lisp Code Directory, |
546acc9b5282
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|
2308 maintained by Dave Brennan <brennan@hal.com>. The directory is contained |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2309 in the file LCD-datafile.Z, available from the Emacs Lisp Archive (see |
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|
2310 question 90), and is accessed using the "lispdir" package, available from |
546acc9b5282
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|
2311 the same site. Note that lispdir.el requires crypt++, which you can grab |
546acc9b5282
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|
2312 from the Emacs Lisp Archive's "misc" subdirectory when you get |
546acc9b5282
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|
2313 lispdir.el. |
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|
2314 |
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|
2315 Once you have installed lispdir.el and LCD-datafile, you can use "M-x |
546acc9b5282
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|
2316 lisp-dir-apropos" to search the listing. For example, "M-x |
546acc9b5282
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|
2317 lisp-dir-apropos RET ange-ftp RET" produces this output: |
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|
2318 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
2319 GNU Emacs Lisp Code Directory Apropos -- "ange-ftp" |
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2320 "~/" refers to ftp.cs.ohio-state.edu:pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/ |
11822
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|
2321 |
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|
2322 ange-ftp (4.18) 15-Jul-1992 |
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|
2323 Andy Norman, <ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com> |
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|
2324 ~/packages/ange-ftp.tar.Z |
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|
2325 transparent FTP Support for GNU Emacs |
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|
2326 auto-save (1.19) 01-May-1992 |
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|
2327 Sebastian Kremer, <sk@thp.uni-koeln.de> |
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|
2328 ~/misc/auto-save.el.Z |
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|
2329 Safer autosaving with support for ange-ftp and /tmp |
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|
2330 ftp-quik (1.0) 28-Jul-1993 |
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|
2331 Terrence Brannon, <tb06@pl122f.eecs.lehigh.edu> |
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|
2332 ~/modes/ftp-quik.el.Z |
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|
2333 Quik access to dired'ing of ange-ftp and normal paths |
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|
2334 |
23872
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2335 You actually don't need the directory file LCD-datafile if your computer |
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2336 is on the Internet, since the latest version is retrieved automatically |
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|
2337 the first time you type "M-x lisp-dir-apropos" in a particular Emacs |
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|
2338 session. If you would prefer to use a local copy of LCD-datafile, be |
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|
2339 sure to set the variable lisp-code-directory at the top of the lispdir.el |
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|
2340 source code. |
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|
2341 |
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|
2342 A searchable version of the LCD is also available at |
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2343 |
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2344 http://www.cs.indiana.edu/LCD/cover.html |
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2345 |
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|
2346 90: Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs? |
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|
2347 |
1736 | 2348 First, check the Lisp Code Directory to find the name of the package you |
23872
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2349 are looking for (see question 89). Next, check local archives and the |
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|
2350 Emacs Lisp Archive to find a copy of the relevant files. If you still |
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|
2351 haven't found it, you can send e-mail to the author asking for a copy. |
23872
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2352 If you find Emacs Lisp code that doesn't appear in the LCD, please submit |
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|
2353 a copy to the LCD (see question 91). |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2354 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2355 You can access the Emacs Lisp Archive at the following sites: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2356 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2357 ftp://ftp.cs.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2358 ftp://calypso-2.oit.unc.edu/pub/gnu/elisp-archive/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2359 ftp://faui43.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/pub/gnu/elisp-archive/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2360 ftp://ftp.cs.umn.edu/pub/elisp-archive/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2361 ftp://ftp.diku.dk/pub/elisp-archive/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2362 ftp://ftp.uni-mainz.de/pub/gnu/elisp-archive/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2363 ftp://ftp.uu.net/packages/gnu/emacs-lisp/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2364 ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/GNU/elisp-archive/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2365 ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2366 ftp://nic.switch.ch/mirror/elisp-archive/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2367 ftp://quepasa.cs.tu-berlin.de/pub/gnu/elisp/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2368 ftp://src.doc.ic.ac.uk/gnu/EmacsBits/elisp-archive/ |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2369 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2370 Retrieve and read the file README first. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2371 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2372 NOTE: * The archive maintainers do not have time to answer individual |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2373 requests for packages or the list of packages in the archive. If |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2374 you cannot use FTP or UUCP to access the archive yourself, try to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2375 find a friend who can, but please don't ask the maintainers. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2376 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2377 * Any files with names ending in ".Z", ".z", or ".gz" are |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2378 compressed, so you should use "binary" mode in FTP to retrieve |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2379 them. You should also use binary mode whenever you retrieve any |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2380 files with names ending in ".elc". |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2381 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2382 Note that the archive is apparently not being maintained at the time of |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2383 writing; a volunteer to take on the task would be welcome. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2384 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2385 Packages which have been posted to gnu.emacs.sources should be locatable |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2386 via a service like Dejanews. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2387 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2388 91: How do I submit code to the Emacs Lisp Archive? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2389 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2390 Guidelines and procedures for submission to the archive can be found in |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2391 the file GUIDELINES in the archive directory (see question 90). It |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2392 covers documentation, copyrights, packaging, submission, and the Lisp |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2393 Code Directory Record. Anonymous FTP uploads are not permitted. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2394 Instead, all submissions are mailed to elisp-archive@cis.ohio-state.edu. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2395 The lispdir.el package has a function named submit-lcd-entry which will |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2396 help you with this. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2397 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2398 See question 90 regarding non-maintenance of the archive. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2399 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2400 92: Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2401 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2402 The most up-to-date official GNU software is normally kept on |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2403 ftp.gnu.org and is available at |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2404 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2405 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2406 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2407 Read the files etc/DISTRIB and etc/FTP for more information. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2408 |
1736 | 2409 The following sites are all mirror images of the GNU distribution area: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2410 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2411 ASIA: ftp://cair.kaist.ac.kr/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2412 ftp://ftp.nectec.or.th/pub/mirrors/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2413 ftp://utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ftpsync/prep, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2414 ftp://ftp.cs.titech.ac.jp/pub/gnu |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2415 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2416 AUSTRALIA: ftp://archie.au/gnu (archie.oz or archie.oz.au for ACSnet) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2417 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2418 AFRICA: ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/pub/gnu |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2419 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2420 EUROPE: ftp://ftp.denet.dk/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2421 ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2422 ftp://ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2423 ftp://ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de/pub/comp/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2424 ftp://ftp.luth.se/pub/unix/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2425 ftp://ftp.stacken.kth.se/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2426 ftp://ftp.win.tue.nl/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2427 ftp://isy.liu.se/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2428 ftp://nic.switch.ch/mirror/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2429 ftp://archive.eu.net/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2430 ftp://ftp.eunet.ch/software/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2431 ftp://ftp.ieunet.ie/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2432 ftp://ftp.mcc.ac.uk/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2433 ftp://ftp.sunet.se:/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2434 ftp://ftp.univ-lyon1.fr/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2435 ftp://irisa.irisa.fr/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2436 ftp://src.doc.ic.ac.uk/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2437 ftp://unix.hensa.ac.uk/pub/uunet/systems/gnu |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2438 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2439 SOUTH AMERICA: ftp.unicamp.br:/pub/gnu |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2440 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2441 WESTERN CANADA: ftp.cs.ubc.ca:/mirror2/gnu |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2442 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2443 USA: ftp://col.hp.com/mirrors/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2444 ftp://f.ms.uky.edu/pub3/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2445 ftp://ftp.cs.columbia.edu/archives/gnu/prep, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2446 ftp://ftp.digex.net/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2447 ftp://ftp.hawaii.edu/mirrors/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2448 ftp://ftp.kpc.com/pub/mirror/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2449 ftp://ftp.uu.net/systems/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2450 ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/GNU, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2451 ftp://jaguar.utah.edu/gnustuff, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2452 ftp://labrea.stanford.edu/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2453 ftp://mrcnext.cso.uiuc.edu/pub/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2454 ftp://vixen.cso.uiuc.edu/gnu, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2455 ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/systems/gnu |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2456 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2457 The directory at ftp.uu.net is a mirror of ftp.gnu.org except that files |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2458 larger than one megabyte are split into multiple parts. If you have |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2459 trouble transferring large files, you should try that site. A file |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2460 normally named "XXX" is split into files XXX-split/part[0-9][0-9], and |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2461 there will be a file named XXX-split/README which contains the list of |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2462 parts (especially helpful when FTP-ing by e-mail), their checksums, and |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2463 reassembly instructions. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2464 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2465 93: What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly "Lucid |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2466 Emacs")? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2467 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2468 XEmacs is a modified version of GNU Emacs. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2469 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2470 This FAQ refers to the latest version to be distributed by the FSF |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2471 as "Emacs," partly because the XEmacs maintainers now refer to their |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2472 product using the "XEmacs" name, and partly because there isn't any |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2473 accurate way to differentiate between the two without getting mired |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2474 in paragraphs of legalese and history. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2475 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2476 XEmacs, which began life as Lucid Emacs, is based on an early version of |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2477 Emacs 19 and Epoch, an X-aware version of Emacs 18. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2478 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2479 Emacs (i.e., the version distributed by the FSF) has a larger installed |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2480 base and now always contains the MULE multilingual facilities. XEmacs |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2481 can do some clever tricks with X Windows, such as putting arbitrary |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2482 graphics in a buffer; similar facilities have been implemented for Emacs, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2483 which will be integrated after version 20.4. Emacs and XEmacs each come |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2484 with some Lisp packages that are lacking or more up-to-date in the other; |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2485 RMS says that the FSF would include more packages that come with XEmacs, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2486 but that the XEmacs maintainers don't always keep track of the authors of |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2487 contributed code, which makes it impossible for the FSF to have certain |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2488 legal papers signed. (Without these legal papers, the FSF will not |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2489 distribute Lisp packages with Emacs.) The two versions have some |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2490 significant differences at the Lisp programming level. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2491 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2492 94: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2493 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2494 A pre-built binary distribution of Emacs is available from the Simtel |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2495 archives. This version works under MS-DOS and Windows (3.x, 95, and NT) and |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2496 supports long file names under Windows 95. More information is available |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2497 from: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2498 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2499 ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/emacs.README |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2500 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2501 And the binary itself is available in the files |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2502 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2503 ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/em1934*.zip |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2504 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2505 where * indicates that you should retrieve all of the files beginning |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2506 with "em1934" and ending with "zip". |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2507 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2508 If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you will need a 386 (or |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2509 better) processor, and are running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. According to Eli |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2510 Zaretskii <eliz@is.elta.co.il> and Darrel Hankerson |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2511 <hankedr@dms.auburn.edu>, you will need the following: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2512 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2513 Compiler: djgpp version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp 2.0 or later is |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2514 recommended, since 1.x is being phased out. Djgpp 2 supports |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2515 long filenames under Windows 95. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2516 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2517 You can get the latest release of djgpp by retrieving |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2518 all of the files in |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2519 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2520 ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2521 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2522 Gunzip and tar: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2523 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2524 The easiest way is to use "djtar" which comes with djgpp v2.x, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2525 because it can open gzip'ed tarfiles (i.e., those ending with |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2526 ".tar.gz") in one step. Djtar comes in "djdev201.zip", from |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2527 the URL mentioned above. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2528 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2529 Utilities: make, mv, sed, rm. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2530 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2531 All of these utilities are available at |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2532 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2533 ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2534 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2535 16-bit utilities can be found in GNUish: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2536 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2537 ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/gnuish |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2538 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2539 The files INSTALL and PROBLEMS in the top-level directory of the Emacs |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2540 source contains some additional information regarding Emacs under MS-DOS. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2541 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2542 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2543 look-alikes), consult the list of "Emacs implementations and literature," |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2544 available at |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2545 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2546 ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2547 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2548 Note that while many of these programs look similar to Emacs, they often |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2549 lack certain features, particularly as the Emacs Lisp extension language. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2550 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2551 95: Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows, Windows '95, or Windows |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2552 NT? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2553 |
23406
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2554 GNU Emacs has been fully ported to Windows NT and Windows 95/98. |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2555 If you have MSVC 4.0 or greater, then you can compile GNU Emacs |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2556 directly from the source distribution. First read the file |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2557 nt/README, and then the file nt/INSTALL, for step by step |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2558 instructions on how to compile and install GNU Emacs on your system. |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2559 |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2560 You can also download precompiled distributions of GNU Emacs from: |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2561 |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2562 ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/ntemacs |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2563 |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2564 If you need the gunzip and tar utilities for unpacking distributions, |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2565 you can download precompiled versions from: |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2566 |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2567 ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/ntemacs/utilities |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2568 |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2569 For more information on configuring your favorite package to run with |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2570 GNU Emacs on Windows NT/95/98, see the following FAQ: |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2571 |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2572 http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/voelker/ntemacs.html |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2573 ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/ntemacs/docs/ntemacs.html |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2574 |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2575 If you are running Windows 3.11, and if you compile GNU Emacs for MSDOS |
37457777218a
Update Microsoft Windows entry.
Geoff Voelker <voelker@cs.washington.edu>
parents:
23110
diff
changeset
|
2576 with the tools listed in the previous question, it will run under |
14919 | 2577 Microsoft Windows in a DOS box. |
2578 | |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2579 96: Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2580 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2581 Emacs 19.33 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1, and is available at: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2582 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2583 ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/os2/unix/apps/emacs/v.19.33/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2584 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2585 97: Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2586 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2587 Roland Schäuble reports that Emacs 18.58 running on plain TOS and MiNT |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2588 is available at |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2589 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2590 ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Editors/Emacs-18-58/1858b-d3.zoo |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2591 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2592 98: Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2593 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2594 The files you need are available at |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2595 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2596 ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2597 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2598 David Gilbert <dgilbert@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org> has released a beta |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
2599 version of Emacs 19.25 for the Amiga. You can get the binary at |
546acc9b5282
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|
2600 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2601 ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/a2.0bEmacs-bin.lha |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2602 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2603 99: Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2604 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2605 Emacs.app is a NeXTSTEP version of Emacs 19.34 which supports colors, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2606 menus, and multiple frames. You can get it from |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2607 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2608 ftp://next-ftp.peak.org/pub/next/apps/emacs/Emacs_for_NeXTstep.4.20a1.NIHS.b.tar.gz |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2609 |
546acc9b5282
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|
2610 100: Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2611 |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
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|
2612 |
23110
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|
2613 There used to be a boycott of Apple because of its "look and feel" |
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2614 lawsuit. The lawsuit failed, and the boycott is over. |
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2615 Currently the GNU project treats Apple like other computer companies. |
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2616 |
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|
2617 Since the Mac operating system is very different from Unix and GNU, |
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*** empty log message ***
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|
2618 support for it would be a big job. And this job would be tangential |
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2619 to the GNU project's goals. Meanwhile, we don't have the resources |
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2620 to do all we want to do on supporting Emacs for GNU-like systems. |
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2621 So if we had to do work on support for the Macintosh, that would |
0d84817a4973
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2622 directly harm the GNU project. |
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2623 |
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|
2624 Of course, the same is true for MSDOS and Windows NT. We decided to |
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*** empty log message ***
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2625 incorporate support for those systems because the code was very modular, |
0d84817a4973
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2626 because volunteers not only wrote all the code but also investigate |
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|
2627 all the bugs reported on those systems, and because we hoped that we |
0d84817a4973
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2628 will be able to raise funds for GNU using these versions, and in this |
0d84817a4973
*** empty log message ***
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|
2629 way these ports will make up for the effort that they took. (We still |
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2630 hope so, but it has not happened yet.) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
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2631 |
23872
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|
2632 An unofficial port of GNU Emacs 18.59 to the Macintosh is available at a |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2633 number of ftp sites, the home being |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2634 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2635 ftp://ftp.cs.cornell.edu/pub/parmet/Emacs-1.17.sit.bin |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2636 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2637 To the best of our knowledge, Emacs 19 has not been ported to the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
2638 Macintosh. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2639 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2640 Apple's forthcoming "OS X" is based largely on NeXTSTEP and OpenStep. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2641 See question 99 for more details about that version. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2642 |
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Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2643 101: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2644 |
546acc9b5282
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|
2645 Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2646 available at |
546acc9b5282
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|
2647 |
546acc9b5282
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|
2648 http://vms.gnu.org/ |
546acc9b5282
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|
2649 |
546acc9b5282
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|
2650 102: Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, Csh, C++, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2651 Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
2652 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
2653 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution. To |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2654 get additional modes, look in the Lisp Code Directory (see question 89). |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2655 For C++, if you use lisp-dir-apropos, you must specify the pattern like |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2656 this: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
2657 |
1736 | 2658 M-x lisp-dir-apropos RET c\+\+ RET |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
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|
2659 |
23872
546acc9b5282
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|
2660 Note that Barry Warsaw's cc-mode now works for C, C++, Objective-C, and |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2661 Java code. You can get the latest version from the Emacs Lisp Archive; |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2662 see question 90 for details. A FAQ for cc-mode is available at |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2663 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
2664 http://www.python.org/ftp/emacs/cc-mode.html/Top.html |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
2665 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
2666 103: What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2667 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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diff
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|
2668 If you are on a Unix machine, try using the "nslookup" command, included |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
2669 in the Berkeley BIND package. For example, to find the IP address of |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
2670 "ftp.gnu.org", you would type |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2671 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2672 nslookup ftp.gnu.org |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2673 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
2674 Your computer should then provide the IP address of that computer. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2675 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2676 If your site's nameserver is deficient, you can use IP addresses to FTP |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
2677 files. You can get this information by |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2678 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
2679 * E-mail: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2680 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
2681 To: dns@[134.214.84.25] (to grasp.insa-lyon.fr) |
546acc9b5282
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|
2682 Body: ip XXX.YYY.ZZZ (or "help" for more information |
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|
2683 and options - no quotes) |
1736 | 2684 or: |
11822
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|
2685 |
23872
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|
2686 To: resolve@[147.31.254.130] (to laverne.cs.widener.edu) |
546acc9b5282
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|
2687 Body: site XXX.YYY.ZZZ |
134 | 2688 |
1736 | 2689 |
2690 Major Emacs Lisp Packages, Emacs Extensions, and Related Programs | |
134 | 2691 |
23872
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|
2692 104: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
2693 |
1736 | 2694 Author: Kyle Jones <kyle@uunet.uu.net> |
23872
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|
2695 Latest version: 6.62 |
1736 | 2696 Anonymous FTP: |
23872
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|
2697 ftp://ftp.uu.net/networking/mail/vm/vm.tar.gz |
1736 | 2698 Newsgroups and mailing lists: |
23872
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|
2699 Informational newsgroup/mailing list: |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
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diff
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|
2700 gnu.emacs.vm.info (newsgroup) |
1736 | 2701 info-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions) |
2702 info-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions) | |
23872
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2703 Bug reports newsgroup/mailing list: |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
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diff
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|
2704 gnu.emacs.vm.bug (newsgroup) |
1736 | 2705 bug-vm-request@uunet.uu.net (for subscriptions) |
2706 bug-vm@uunet.uu.net (for submissions) | |
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|
2707 NOTE: VM 6 is not guaranteed to work under Emacs 20 (although many people |
546acc9b5282
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|
2708 seem to use it without too much trouble). Users of Emacs 20 might prefer |
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|
2709 to use VM 5.97, available from the same FTP site. |
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2710 |
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|
2711 105: SuperCite -- mail and news citation package within Emacs |
11822
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|
2712 |
1736 | 2713 Author: Barry Warsaw <bwarsaw@cen.com> |
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2714 Latest version: 3.1 (comes with Emacs 20) |
1736 | 2715 Anonymous FTP: |
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|
2716 ftp://ftp.python.org/pub/emacs/sc3.1.tar.gz |
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|
2717 Mailing list: |
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|
2718 supercite-request@merlin.cnri.reston.va.us (for subscriptions) |
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2719 supercite@merlin.cnri.reston.va.us (for submissions) |
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|
2720 NOTE: Superyank is an old version of SuperCite. |
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|
2721 |
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|
2722 106: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs |
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|
2723 |
1736 | 2724 Author: Dave Gillespie <daveg@csvax.cs.caltech.edu> |
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2725 Latest version: 2.02f |
1736 | 2726 Anonymous FTP: |
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|
2727 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/calc-2.02f.tar.gz |
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|
2728 NOTE: Unlike Wolfram Research, Dave has never threatened to sue |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
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diff
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|
2729 anyone for having a program with a similar command language to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
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|
2730 Calc. :-) |
b097ca448b38
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|
2731 |
23872
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|
2732 107: VIPER -- vi emulation for Emacs |
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|
2733 |
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changeset
|
2734 Since Emacs 19.29, the preferred vi emulation in Emacs is VIPER (M-x |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2735 viper-mode RET), which comes with Emacs. It extends and supersedes VIP |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2736 (including VIP 4.3) and provides vi emulation at several levels, from one |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2737 that closely follows vi to one that departs from vi in several |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2738 significant ways. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2739 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2740 For Emacs 19.28 and earlier, the following version of VIP is generally |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2741 better than the one distributed with Emacs: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2742 |
1736 | 2743 Author: Aamod Sane <sane@cs.uiuc.edu> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2744 Latest version: 4.3 |
1736 | 2745 Anonymous FTP: |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2746 ftp://ftp.cs.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2747 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2748 108: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2749 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2750 Authors: Kresten Krab Thorup <krab@iesd.auc.dk> |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2751 and Per Abrahamsen <abraham@iesd.auc.dk> |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2752 Latest version: 9.8l |
1736 | 2753 Anonymous FTP: |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2754 ftp://sunsite.auc.dk/packages/auctex/auctex.tar.gz |
1736 | 2755 Mailing list: |
2756 auc-tex-request@iesd.auc.dk (for subscriptions) | |
2757 auc-tex@iesd.auc.dk (for submissions) | |
2758 auc-tex_mgr@iesd.auc.dk (auc-tex development team) | |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2759 World Wide Web: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2760 http://www.iesd.auc.dk/~amanda/auctex/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2761 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2762 109: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2763 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2764 Maintainer: Matt Simmons <simmonmt@acm.org> |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2765 Latest released version: 2.00 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2766 Available from: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2767 http://www.netcom.com/~simmonmt/bbdb/index.html |
1736 | 2768 Mailing lists: |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2769 info-bbdb-request@xemacs.org (for subscriptions) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2770 info-bbdb@xemacs.org (for submissions) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2771 bbdb-announce-request@xemacs.org (to be informed of new releases) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2772 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2773 110: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2774 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2775 Author: Geoff Kuenning <geoff@itcorp.com> |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2776 Latest released version: 3.1.20 |
1736 | 2777 Anonymous FTP: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2778 Master Sites: |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2779 ftp://ftp.cs.ucla.edu/pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.20.tar.gz |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2780 Known Mirror Sites: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2781 ftp://ftp.th-darmstadt.de/pub/dicts/ispell/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2782 ftp://ftp.nl.net/pub/textproc/ispell/ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2783 World Wide Web: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2784 http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/ispell.html |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2785 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2786 NOTE: * Do not ask Geoff to send you the latest version of Ispell. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2787 He does not have free e-mail. |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2788 |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2789 * This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2790 Ispell 4.0 is no longer a supported product. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2791 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2792 111: W3-mode -- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2793 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2794 Author: Bill Perry <wmperry@spry.com> |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2795 Latest version: 4.0pre.23 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2796 Anonymous FTP: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2797 ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/elisp/w3/.betas/w3.tar.gz |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2798 Mailing lists: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2799 w3-announce-request@indiana.edu (to get announcements of new versions) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2800 w3-beta-request@indiana.edu (for beta-testers of new versions) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2801 w3-dev@indiana.edu (for developers of W3) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2802 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2803 112: EDB -- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2804 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2805 Author: Michael Ernst <mernst@theory.lcs.mit.edu> |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2806 Latest version: 1.21 |
1736 | 2807 Anonymous FTP: |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2808 ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2809 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2810 113: Mailcrypt -- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2811 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2812 Authors: Patrick J. LoPresti <patl@lcs.mit.edu> and |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2813 Jin S. Choi <jin@atype.com> |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2814 Maintainer: Len Budney <lbudney@pobox.com> |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2815 Latest version: 3.5b6 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2816 Anonymous FTP: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2817 http://www.nb.net/~lbudney/linux/software/mailcrypt/mailcrypt-3.5b6.tar.gz |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2818 World Wide Web: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2819 http://www.nb.net/~lbudney/linux/software/mailcrypt.html |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2820 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2821 114: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2822 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2823 Author: Larry Wall <lwall@wall.org> (with GNU modifications) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2824 Latest version: 2.5 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2825 Anonymous FTP: See question 92 |
1736 | 2826 |
2827 | |
2828 Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems | |
2829 | |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2830 115: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2831 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2832 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your .emacs |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2833 file. To interactively bind keys for all modes, type |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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diff
changeset
|
2834 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
2835 M-x global-set-key RET KEY CMD RET |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2836 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2837 To bind a key just in the current major mode, type |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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diff
changeset
|
2838 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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changeset
|
2839 M-x local-set-key RET KEY CMD RET |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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diff
changeset
|
2840 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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diff
changeset
|
2841 See "Key Bindings" in the on-line manual for further details. |
546acc9b5282
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diff
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|
2842 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2843 To bind keys on starting Emacs or on starting any given mode, use the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2844 following "trick": First bind the key interactively, then immediately |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2845 type "C-x ESC ESC C-a C-k C-g". Now, the command needed to bind the key |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2846 is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your .emacs file. If the key |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2847 binding is global, no changes to the command are required. For example, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2848 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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changeset
|
2849 (global-set-key [f1] 'help-for-help) |
546acc9b5282
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changeset
|
2850 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
2851 can be placed directly into the .emacs file. If the key binding is |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2852 local, the command is used in conjunction with the "add-hook" command. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2853 For example, in tex-mode, a local binding might be |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
2854 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2855 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook |
546acc9b5282
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changeset
|
2856 (lambda () |
546acc9b5282
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changeset
|
2857 (local-set-key [f1] 'help-for-help))) |
546acc9b5282
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changeset
|
2858 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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changeset
|
2859 NOTE: * Control characters in key sequences, in the form yanked from the |
546acc9b5282
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2860 kill ring are given in their graphic form -- i.e., CTRL is shown |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2861 as `^', TAB as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may want to |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2862 convert these into their vector or string forms. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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changeset
|
2863 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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diff
changeset
|
2864 * If a prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is already |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2865 bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before the new |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2866 binding. For example, if "ESC {" is previously bound: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2867 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2868 (global-unset-key [?\e ?{]) ;; or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2869 (local-unset-key [?\e ?{]) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2870 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2871 * Aside from commands and "lambda lists," a vector or string also |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2872 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2873 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2874 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2875 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g") |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2876 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2877 * The "kbd" macro is convenient for converting a key description in |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2878 the form used in documentation or printed by C-h c (except that |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2879 function key symbols must be enclosed in angle brackets). For |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2880 example: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2881 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2882 (global-set-key (kbd "<f1>") 'help-for-help) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2883 (global-set-key (kbd "C-h") 'help-for-help) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2884 (local-set-key (kbd "DEL") 'scroll-down) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2885 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2886 116: Why does Emacs say "Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters"? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2887 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2888 Usually, one of two things has happened. In one case, the control |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2889 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. "C-f" used |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2890 instead of "\C-f" within a Lisp expression). In the other case, a |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2891 "prefix key" in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind was |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2892 already bound as a "complete key." Historically, the "ESC [" prefix was |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2893 usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either of these |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2894 forms before attempting to bind the key sequence: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2895 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2896 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2897 (global-unset-key "\e[") |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2898 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2899 117: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2900 .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2901 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2902 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2903 order. If some of the code executed in your .emacs file needs to be |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2904 postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has been |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2905 executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2906 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2907 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2908 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2909 window-system setup, treat the code as a "lambda list" and set the value |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2910 of either the "term-setup-hook" or "window-setup-hook" variable to this |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2911 "lambda function." For example, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2912 |
134 | 2913 (setq term-setup-hook |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2914 (function |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2915 (lambda () |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2916 (cond ((string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") "")) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2917 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2918 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command)) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2919 )))) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2920 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2921 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2922 "Starting Up Emacs" in the Lisp Reference Manual. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2923 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2924 118: How do I use function keys under X Windows? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2925 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2926 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. See |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2927 question 115 for details. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2928 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2929 119: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2930 emit? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2931 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2932 Type "C-h c" then the function or arrow keys. The command will return |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2933 either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the Emacs on-line |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2934 documentation for an explanation). This works for other keys as well. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2935 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2936 120: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2937 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2938 Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2939 "translations" to be set. (We aren't sure how to set such translations |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2940 if you do build Emacs with Xt; please let us know if you've done this!) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2941 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2942 The only way to affect the behavior of keys within Emacs is through |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2943 "xmodmap" (outside Emacs) or "define-key" (inside Emacs). The |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2944 "define-key" command should be used in conjunction with the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2945 "function-key-map" map. For instance, |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2946 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2947 (define-key function-key-map [M-tab] [?\M-\t]) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2948 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2949 defines the "M-TAB" key sequence. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2950 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2951 121: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2952 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2953 C-s and C-q are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. This messes |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2954 things up when you're using Emacs, because Emacs binds these keys to |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2955 commands by default. Because Emacs won't honor them as flow control |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2956 characters, too many of these characters are not passed on and overwhelm |
1736 | 2957 output buffers. Sometimes, intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow |
2958 control will prevent Emacs from ever seeing C-s and C-q. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2959 |
1736 | 2960 Possible solutions: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2961 |
1736 | 2962 * Disable the use of C-s and C-q for flow control. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2963 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2964 You need to determine the cause of the flow control. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2965 |
1736 | 2966 * your terminal |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2967 |
1736 | 2968 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display |
2969 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do | |
2970 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For | |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2971 example, on a VT220 you may select "No XOFF" in the setup menu. This |
1736 | 2972 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2973 |
1736 | 2974 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to |
2975 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are | |
2976 logged in to or at some terminal server in between. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2977 |
1736 | 2978 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer |
2979 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around | |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
2980 this problem by modifying the "termcap" entry for your terminal to |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2981 include extra NUL padding characters. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2982 |
1736 | 2983 * a modem |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2984 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2985 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2986 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2987 |
1736 | 2988 * a router or terminal server |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2989 |
1736 | 2990 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using |
2991 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other | |
2992 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local | |
2993 network experts for help with this. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2994 |
1736 | 2995 * tty and/or pty devices |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
2996 |
1736 | 2997 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple tty and/or pty |
2998 devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it is not | |
2999 necessary. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3000 |
1736 | 3001 Eirik Fuller <eirik@theory.tn.cornell.edu> writes: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3002 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3003 Some versions of "rlogin" (and possibly telnet) do not pass flow |
1736 | 3004 control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3005 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3006 control on the local system. Sometimes "rlogin -8" will avoid this |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3007 problem. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3008 |
1736 | 3009 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3010 (the one running rlogin, not the one running rlogind) using the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3011 stty command, before starting the rlogin process. On many systems, |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3012 "stty start u stop u" will do this. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3013 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3014 Some versions of "tcsh" will prevent even this from working. One |
1736 | 3015 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin, |
3016 and issue the stty command to disable flow control from that shell. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3017 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3018 Use "stty -ixon" instead of "stty start u stop u" on some systems. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3019 |
1736 | 3020 * Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3021 |
1736 | 3022 You can make Emacs treat C-s and C-q as flow control characters by |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3023 evaluating the form |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3024 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3025 (enable-flow-control) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3026 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3027 to unconditionally enable flow control or |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3028 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3029 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19") |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3030 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3031 (using your terminal names instead of "vt100" or "h19") to enable |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3032 selectively. These commands will automatically swap `C-s' and `C-q' to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3033 `C-\' and `C-^'. Variables can be used to change the default swap keys |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3034 ("flow-control-c-s-replacement" and "flow-control-c-q-replacement"). |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3035 |
1736 | 3036 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your .emacs |
3037 file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the best place to | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3038 put it is in the lisp/site-start.el file. Putting this form in |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3039 lisp/default.el has the problem that if the user's .emacs file has an |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3040 error, this will prevent lisp/default.el from being loaded and Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3041 may be unusable for the user, even for correcting their .emacs file |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3042 (unless they're smart enough to move it to another name). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3043 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3044 For further discussion of this issue, read the file PROBLEMS (in the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3045 top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3046 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3047 122: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3048 out? |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3049 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3050 To bind `C-s' and `C-q', use either "enable-flow-control" or |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3051 "enable-flow-control-on". See question 121 for usage and implementation |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3052 details. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3053 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3054 To bind other keys, use "keyboard-translate". See question 125 for usage |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3055 details. To do this for an entire site, you should swap the keys in |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3056 lisp/site-start.el. See question 121 for an explanation of why |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3057 lisp/default.el should not be used. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3058 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3059 NOTE: * If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3060 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3061 actually behaves. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3062 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3063 123: Why does the "Backspace" key invoke help? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3064 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3065 The "Backspace" key (on most keyboards) generates ASCII code 8. `C-h' |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3066 sends the same code. In Emacs by default `C-h' invokes help-command. |
1736 | 3067 This is intended to be easy to remember since the first letter of "help" |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3068 is `h'. The easiest solution to this problem is to use `C-h' (and |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3069 Backspace) for help and DEL (the Delete key) for deleting the previous |
1736 | 3070 character. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3071 |
1736 | 3072 For many people this solution may be problematic: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3073 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3074 * They normally use Backspace outside of Emacs for deleting the previous |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3075 character. This can be solved by making DEL the command for deleting |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3076 the previous character outside of Emacs. On many Unix systems, this |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3077 command will remap DEL: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3078 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3079 stty erase `^?' |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3080 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3081 * The person may prefer using the Backspace key for deleting the previous |
1736 | 3082 character because it is more conveniently located on their keyboard or |
3083 because they don't even have a separate Delete key. In this case, the | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3084 Backspace key should be made to behave like Delete. There are several |
1736 | 3085 methods. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3086 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3087 * Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) allow the character generated by |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3088 the Backspace key to be changed from a setup menu. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3089 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3090 * You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3091 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3092 * Under X or on a dumb terminal, it is possible to swap the Backspace and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3093 Delete keys inside Emacs: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3094 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3095 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3096 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3097 See question 125 for further details of "keyboard-translate". |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3098 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3099 * Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on "C-x h" |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3100 instead: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3101 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3102 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3103 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command) ;; overrides mark-whole-buffer |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3104 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3105 Other popular key bindings for help are M-? and "C-x ?". |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3106 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3107 NOTE: * Don't try to bind DEL to help-command, because there are many |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3108 modes that have local bindings of DEL that will interfere. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3109 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3110 124: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3111 |
1736 | 3112 Good question! |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3113 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3114 125: How do I "swap" two keys? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3115 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3116 In Emacs 19, you can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3117 "keyboard-translate" function. For example, to turn `C-h' into DEL and |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3118 DEL to `C-h', use |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3119 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3120 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3121 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3122 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3123 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3124 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the keymaps. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3125 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3126 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps. Emacs |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3127 contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but there |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3128 is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3129 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations take |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3130 place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are looked |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3131 up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3132 translation. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3133 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3134 Also see "Keyboard Translations" in the on-line manual. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3135 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3136 126: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3137 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3138 On terminals (but not under X), some common "aliases" are: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3139 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3140 C-2 or C-SPC for C-@ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3141 C-6 for C-^ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
3142 C-7 or C-S-- for C-_ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
3143 C-4 for C-\ |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3144 C-5 for C-] |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3145 C-/ for C-? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3146 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
3147 Often other aliases exist; use the "C-h c" command and try `CTRL' with |
11822
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diff
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|
3148 all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets generated. You can |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3149 also try the "C-h w" command if you know the name of the command. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
3150 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
3151 127: What if I don't have a Meta key? |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3152 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3153 Instead of typing "M-a", you can type "ESC a". In fact, Emacs converts |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3154 M-a internally into "ESC a" anyway (depending on the value of |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3155 meta-prefix-char). Note that you press "Meta" and `a' together, while |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3156 you press `ESC', release it, and then press `a'. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
3157 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
3158 128: What if I don't have an Escape key? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
3159 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
3160 Type `C-[' instead. This should send ASCII code 27 just like an Escape |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
3161 key would. `C-3' may also work on some terminal (but not under X). For |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3162 many terminals (notably DEC terminals) `F11' generates ESC. If not, the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3163 following form can be used to bind it: |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3164 |
b097ca448b38
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3165 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e]) ; F11 is the documented ESC |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3166 ; replacement on DEC terminals. |
b097ca448b38
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3167 |
23872
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|
3168 129: Can I make my "Compose Character" key behave like a Meta key? |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
3169 |
597 | 3170 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain VT220 |
1736 | 3171 clones could have their Compose key configured this way. If you're using |
23872
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Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
3172 X, you might be able to do this with the "xmodmap" program. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
3173 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
3174 130: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3175 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
3176 With Emacs 19 you can represent modified function keys in vector format |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
3177 by adding prefixes to the function key symbol. For example (from the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
3178 on-line documentation): |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
3179 |
b097ca448b38
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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8958
diff
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|
3180 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3181 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3182 where "?\C-x" is the Lisp character constant for the character "C-x". |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3183 |
23872
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|
3184 You can use the modifier keys Control, Meta, Hyper, Super, Alt, and Shift |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3185 with function keys. To represent these modifiers, prepend the strings |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
3186 "C-", "M-", "H-", "s-", "A-", and "S-" to the symbol name. Here is how |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3187 to make "Hyper-Meta-RIGHT" move forward a word: |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3188 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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8958
diff
changeset
|
3189 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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8958
diff
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|
3190 |
23872
546acc9b5282
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|
3191 In recent Emacs versions this may also be written as: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
3192 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
3193 (global-set-key [(hyper meta right)] 'forward-word) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
3194 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
3195 NOTE: * Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. Hyper, Super, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
3196 and Alt are available only under X (provided there are such |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3197 keys). Non-ASCII keys and mouse events (e.g. "C-=" and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3198 "mouse-1") also fall under this category. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3199 |
23872
546acc9b5282
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|
3200 See question 115 for general key binding instructions. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
3201 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3202 131: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3203 |
597 | 3204 Try all of these methods before asking for further help: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3205 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3206 * You may have big problems using "mwm" as your window manager. {Does |
1736 | 3207 anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the Meta key in |
3208 Emacs with mwm?} | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3209 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
3210 * For X11: Make sure it really is a Meta key. Use "xev" to find out what |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3211 keysym your Meta key generates. It should be either Meta_L or Meta_R. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3212 If it isn't, use xmodmap to fix the situation. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3213 |
597 | 3214 * Make sure the pty the xterm is using is passing 8 bit characters. |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3215 "stty -a" (or "stty everything") should show "cs8" somewhere. If it |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3216 shows "cs7" instead, use "stty cs8 -istrip" (or "stty pass8") to fix |
597 | 3217 it. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3218 |
597 | 3219 * If there is an rlogin connection between the xterm and the Emacs, the |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3220 "-8" argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3221 of every character. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3222 |
1736 | 3223 * If the Emacs is running under Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating |
3224 (set-input-mode t nil) helps. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3225 |
597 | 3226 * If all else fails, you can make xterm generate "ESC W" when you type |
3227 M-W, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it got the M-W | |
3228 anyway. In X11R4, the following resource specification will do this: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3229 |
597 | 3230 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3231 |
597 | 3232 (This changes the behavior of the insert-eight-bit action.) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3233 |
597 | 3234 With older xterms, you can specify this behavior with a translation: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3235 |
597 | 3236 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \ |
3237 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert() | |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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8958
diff
changeset
|
3238 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3239 You might have to replace "Meta" with "Alt". |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3240 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3241 132: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3242 and 9.x? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3243 |
597 | 3244 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the |
3245 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that | |
3246 XLookupString returns the same result regardless of the Meta key state | |
3247 which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs is fixed, the temporary | |
3248 kludge is to run this command after each time the X server is started but | |
3249 preferably before any xterm clients are: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3250 |
597 | 3251 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch' |
11822
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
3252 |
23872
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diff
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|
3253 NOTE: This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which |
597 | 3254 may be undesirable if you actually intend to use them. |
11822
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
3255 |
1736 | 3256 |
3257 Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets | |
3258 | |
23872
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|
3259 133: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters? |
546acc9b5282
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|
3260 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
3261 Emacs 19 introduced built-in support for 8-bit characters. Emacs 20 can |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
3262 operate similarly in Unibyte mode or else in Multibyte mode. See the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
3263 "International" node in the online manual, specifically "Single-Byte |
546acc9b5282
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|
3264 European Support". |
546acc9b5282
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|
3265 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
3266 134: How do I input 8-bit characters? |
546acc9b5282
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|
3267 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
3268 Again, see the "International" node of the on-line manual. |
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|
3269 |
546acc9b5282
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|
3270 135: Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other |
546acc9b5282
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|
3271 character sets? |
546acc9b5282
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|
3272 |
546acc9b5282
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|
3273 Emacs 20 now includes many of the features of MULE, the Multilingual |
546acc9b5282
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|
3274 Enhancement of Emacs. See question 84 for information on where to find |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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|
3275 and download Emacs. |
546acc9b5282
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|
3276 |
546acc9b5282
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|
3277 The original MULE is available at |
546acc9b5282
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|
3278 |
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|
3279 ftp://sh.wide.ad.jp/JAPAN/mule/mule-19.33-delta.tar.gz |
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|
3280 |
546acc9b5282
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|
3281 136: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets? |
546acc9b5282
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|
3282 |
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|
3283 Emacs 20 supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not yet |
546acc9b5282
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|
3284 support right-to-left character entry. |
546acc9b5282
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|
3285 |
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diff
changeset
|
3286 Joel M. Hoffman <joel@exc.com> has written a Lisp package called |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3287 hebrew.el that allows right-to-left editing of Hebrew. It reportedly |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3288 works out of the box with Emacs 19, but requires patches for Emacs 18. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3289 Write to Joel if you want the patches or package. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3290 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3291 Hebrew.el requires a Hebrew screen font, but no other Hardware support. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3292 Joel has a screen font for PCs running MS-DOS and Linux. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3293 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3294 You might also try to query archie for files named with "hebrew"; several |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3295 ftp sites in Israel may also have the necessary files. |
134 | 3296 |
597 | 3297 |
1736 | 3298 Mail and News |
134 | 3299 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3300 137: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3301 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3302 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3303 mail-yank-prefix. For VM, set vm-included-text-prefix. For mh-e, set |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3304 mh-ins-buf-prefix. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3305 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3306 For fancier control of citations, use SuperCite. See question 105. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3307 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3308 To prevent Emacs from including various headers of the replied-to |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3309 message, set the value of mail-yank-ignored-headers to an appropriate |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3310 regexp. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3311 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3312 138: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3313 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3314 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a "BCC:" header in the |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3315 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3316 including an "FCC:" header. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3317 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3318 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a "BCC:" to |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3319 yourself by putting |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3320 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3321 (setq mail-self-blind t) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3322 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3323 in your .emacs file. You can automatically include an "FCC:" field by |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3324 putting something like the following in your .emacs file: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3325 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3326 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing")) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3327 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3328 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3329 by VM, but not always by Rmail. See question 140. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3330 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3331 For Gnus, see the `Archived Messages node of the Gnus manual. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3332 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3333 If you use mh-e, add an "FCC:" or "BCC:" field to your components file. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3334 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3335 It does not work to put "set record filename" in the .mailrc file. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3336 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3337 139: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3338 |
1736 | 3339 * You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer |
597 | 3340 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses |
3341 like this one: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3342 |
1736 | 3343 To: Willy Smith <wks@xpnsv.lwyrs.com> |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3344 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3345 However, you do not need to -- and probably should not, unless your |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3346 system's version of /usr/ucb/mail (aka mailx) supports RFC822 -- |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3347 separate addresses with commas in your ~/.mailrc file. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3348 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3349 * Emacs normally only reads the ".mailrc" file once per session, when you |
597 | 3350 start to compose your first mail message. If you edit .mailrc, you can |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3351 type "M-x rebuild-mail-abbrevs RET" to make Emacs reread your ~/.mailrc |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3352 file. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3353 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3354 * If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3355 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3356 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3357 (add-hook 'mail-setup-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup) |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3358 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3359 Note that the aliases are expanded automatically only after you type |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3360 RET or a punctuation character (e.g. `,'). You can force their |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3361 expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing "C-x a e" |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3362 (M-x expand-abbrev). |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3363 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3364 140: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3365 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3366 A file created through the FCC: field in a message is in Unix mail |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3367 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3368 convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3369 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the saved-messages |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3370 file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the function |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3371 set-rmail-inbox-list. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3372 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3373 141: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3374 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3375 In Rmail, type "C-c C-s C-h" to get a list of sorting functions and their |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3376 key bindings. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3377 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3378 142: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3379 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3380 This is the behavior of the "movemail" program which Rmail uses. This |
1736 | 3381 indicates that movemail is configured to use lock files. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3382 |
1736 | 3383 RMS writes: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3384 |
1736 | 3385 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files. |
3386 On these systems, movemail must write lock files, or you risk losing | |
3387 mail. You simply must arrange to let movemail write them. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3388 |
1736 | 3389 Other systems use the flock system call to interlock access. On these |
3390 systems, you should configure movemail to use flock. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3391 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3392 143: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3393 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3394 If you have just done rmail-input on a file and you don't want to save it |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3395 in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with C-x k). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3396 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3397 If you typed M-x rmail and it read some messages out of your inbox and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3398 you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use C-o on each message. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3399 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3400 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3401 format, use the command M-x unrmail: it will prompt you for the input and |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3402 output file names. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3403 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3404 144: How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3405 other recipients? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3406 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3407 Ron Isaacson <isaacson@seas.upenn.edu> says: When you hit "r" to reply in |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3408 Rmail, by default it CCs all of the original recipients (everyone on the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3409 original "To" and "CC" lists). With a prefix argument (i.e., typing "C-u" |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3410 before "r"), it replies only to the sender. However, going through the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3411 whole C-u business every time you want to reply is a pain. This is the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3412 best fix I've been able to come up with: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3413 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3414 (defun rmail-reply-t () |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3415 "Reply only to the sender of the current message. (See rmail-reply.)" |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3416 (interactive) |
546acc9b5282
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3417 (rmail-reply t)) |
546acc9b5282
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3418 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3419 (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook |
546acc9b5282
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3420 '(lambda () |
546acc9b5282
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
3421 (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3422 (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply))) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3423 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3424 145: How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3425 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3426 Look at the Emacs MIME FAQ, maintained by MacDonald Hall Jackson |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3427 <trey@cs.berkeley.edu> at |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3428 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3429 http://bmrc.berkeley.edu/~trey/emacs/mime.html |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3430 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3431 Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. See question 104. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3432 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3433 MIME support has been added in the development version of Gnus which will |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3434 be included with a future version of Emacs. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3435 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3436 146: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3437 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3438 To start Emacs in Gnus: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3439 |
1736 | 3440 emacs -f gnus |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3441 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3442 in Rmail: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3443 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3444 emacs -f rmail |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3445 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3446 A more convenient way to start with Gnus: |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3447 |
1736 | 3448 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus' |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3449 gnus |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3450 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3451 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3452 from your .emacs file. This would cause problems if you needed to run |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3453 two copies of Emacs at one time. Also, this would make it difficult for |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3454 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3455 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3456 147: How do I read news under Emacs? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3457 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3458 Use M-x gnus. It is documented in Info (see question 14). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3459 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3460 148: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3461 |
1736 | 3462 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests |
3463 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one before | |
3464 blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version 1.5.11 | |
3465 claims to fix this. | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3466 |
1736 | 3467 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3468 |
1736 | 3469 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1) |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3470 |
1736 | 3471 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3472 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3473 (i.e., "telnet server-machine 119"). The server should give its version |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3474 number in the welcome message. Type "quit" to get out. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3475 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3476 Also see question 75 in this FAQ for some additional ideas. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3477 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3478 149: How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3479 ClariNews)? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3480 |
1736 | 3481 Underlining appears like this: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3482 |
1736 | 3483 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3484 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3485 Use Gnus' "Overstrike" function from the Article -> Washing menu (or type |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3486 "W o"). You can do this for all articles with: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3487 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3488 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook 'gnus-article-treat-overstrike) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3489 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3490 If you prefer to do away with underlining altogether, you can |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3491 destructively remove it with M-x ununderline-region; do this |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3492 automatically via |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3493 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3494 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3495 (lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max)))) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3496 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3497 See the Gnus manual for more information about this and similar methods |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3498 for treating article contents. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3499 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3500 150: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3501 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3502 Use gnus-uu. Type C-c C-v C-h in the Gnus summary buffer to see a list |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3503 of available commands. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3504 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3505 151: How do I make Gnus start up faster? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3506 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3507 From the Gnus FAQ (see question 157): |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3508 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3509 Pranav Kumar Tiwari <pktiwari@eos.ncsu.edu> writes: I posted the same |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3510 query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to repeat the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3511 answer. What you need is a newer version of gnus, version 5.0.4+. I am |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3512 using 5.0.12 and it works fine with me with the following settings: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3513 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3514 (setq gnus-check-new-newsgroups nil |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3515 gnus-read-active-file 'some |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3516 gnus-nov-is-evil nil |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3517 gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server)) |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
3518 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3519 152: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3520 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3521 In the "*Newsgroup*" buffer, type the following magical incantation: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3522 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3523 M-< C-x ( c y C-x ) M-0 C-x e |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3524 |
1736 | 3525 Leave off the "M-<" if you only want to catch up from point to the end of |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3526 the "*Newsgroup" buffer. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3527 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3528 153: Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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parents:
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|
3529 headers? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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diff
changeset
|
3530 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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diff
changeset
|
3531 Gnus will complain that the "Newsgroups:", "Keywords:", and "Control:" |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3532 headers are "Unknown header" fields. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3533 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3534 For the "Newsgroups:" header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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23406
diff
changeset
|
3535 "Xref" header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
3536 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3537 |
1736 | 3538 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like |
3539 this: | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3540 |
1736 | 3541 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)") |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3542 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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diff
changeset
|
3543 154: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3544 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3545 Set nntp-debug-read to nil. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3546 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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changeset
|
3547 155: Why is catch up slow in Gnus? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3548 |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3549 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3550 the variable gnus-use-cross-reference. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3551 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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changeset
|
3552 156: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting? |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3553 |
1736 | 3554 David Lawrence <tale@uunet.uu.net> explains: |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3555 |
1736 | 3556 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3557 POST asks C News's inews to not background itself but rather hang |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3558 around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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3559 successful. (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3560 of the waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3561 taking a long time because inews is calling relaynews, which often |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3562 waits for another relaynews to free the lock on the news system so it |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3563 can file the article. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3564 |
1736 | 3565 My preferred solution is to change inews to not call relaynews, but |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
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|
3566 rather use newsspool. This loses some error-catching functionality, |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3567 but is for the most part safe as inews will detect a lot of the errors |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3568 on its own. The C News folks have sped up inews, too, so speed should |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3569 look better to most folks as that update propagates around. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3570 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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3571 157: Where can I find out more about Gnus? |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3572 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3573 Visit http://www.gnus.org/, which has a pointer to the current Gnus FAQ and |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
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3574 more information. The relevant newsgroup is gnu.emacs.gnus. |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
3575 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3576 ------------------------------------------------------------ |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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3577 Modified, with permission, for the Emacs 20.4 distribution by Dave Love. |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
3578 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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3579 Copyright 1994-1998 Reuven M. Lerner |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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3580 Copyright 1992-1993 Steven Byrnes |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
3581 Copyright 1990-1992 Joseph Brian Wells |
1736 | 3582 |
3583 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers | |
3584 ("FAQ") may be translated into other languages, transformed into other | |
11822
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
3585 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3586 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
3587 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
3588 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
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|
3589 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
3590 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3591 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information). |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
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|
3592 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
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parents:
8958
diff
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|
3593 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3594 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3595 itself allows free copying and redistribution. |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3596 |
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New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3597 ------------------------------------------------------------ |
b097ca448b38
New version for Emacs 19.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
8958
diff
changeset
|
3598 |
23872
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
23406
diff
changeset
|
3599 People who helped with this version of the FAQ: |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
3600 |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3601 Ethan Bradford <ethanb@u.washington.edu>, William G. Dubuque |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3602 <wgd@martigny.ai.mit.edu>, Michael Ernst <mernst@theory.lcs.mit.edu>, |
546acc9b5282
Somewhat edited copy of the most recently posted version.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
3603 and Denby Wong <3dw16@qlink.QueensU.CA>. |