annotate INSTALL @ 18389:f5f7ca6c4a96

(doctor-death): Give real advice to truly suicidal.
author Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
date Sun, 22 Jun 1997 21:34:22 +0000
parents 310fd977a344
children 63c862461563
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1 GNU Emacs Installation Guide
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2 Copyright (c) 1992, 1994, 1996 Free software Foundation, Inc.
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3
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4 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies
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5 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the
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6 copyright notice and permission notice are preserved,
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7 and that the distributor grants the recipient permission
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8 for further redistribution as permitted by this notice.
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9
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10 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions
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11 of this document, or of portions of it,
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12 under the above conditions, provided also that they
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13 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them,
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14 and that any new or changed statements about the activities
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15 of the Free Software Foundation are approved by the Foundation.
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18 BUILDING AND INSTALLATION:
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19
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20 (This is for a Unix or Unix-like system. For MSDOS, see below; search
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21 for MSDOG. For Windows NT or Windows 95, see the file nt/INSTALL.)
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22
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23 1) Make sure your system has enough swapping space allocated to handle
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24 a program whose pure code is 900k bytes and whose data area is at
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25 least 400k and can reach 8Mb or more. If the swapping space is
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26 insufficient, you will get an error in the command `temacs -batch -l
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27 loadup dump', found in `./src/Makefile.in', or possibly when
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28 running the final dumped Emacs.
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29
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30 Building Emacs requires about 70 Mb of disk space (including the Emacs
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31 sources). Once installed, Emacs occupies about 35 Mb in the file
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32 system where it is installed; this includes the executable files, Lisp
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33 libraries, miscellaneous data files, and on-line documentation. If
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34 the building and installation take place in different directories,
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35 then the installation procedure momentarily requires 70+35 Mb.
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37 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should
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38 give to the `configure' program. That file offers hints for
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39 getting around some possible installation problems.
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40
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41 3) You can build Emacs in the top-level Emacs source directory
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42 or in a separate directory.
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43
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44 3a) To build in the top-level Emacs source directory, go to that
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45 directory and run the program `configure' as follows:
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46
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47 ./configure CONFIGURATION-NAME [--OPTION[=VALUE]] ...
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48
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49 The CONFIGURATION-NAME argument should be a configuration name given
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50 in `./etc/MACHINES'. If omitted, `configure' will try to guess your
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51 system type; if it cannot, you must find the appropriate configuration
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52 name in `./etc/MACHINES' and specify it explicitly.
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53
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54 If you don't want X support, specify `--with-x=no'. If you omit this
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55 option, `configure' will try to figure out for itself whether your
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56 system has X, and arrange to use it if present.
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58 The `--x-includes=DIR' and `--x-libraries=DIR' options tell the build
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59 process where the compiler should look for the include files and
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60 object libraries used with the X Window System. Normally, `configure'
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61 is able to find them; these options are necessary if you have your X
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62 Window System files installed in unusual places. These options also
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63 accept a list of directories, separated with colons.
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64
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65 To get more attractive menus, you can specify an X toolkit when you
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66 configure Emacs; use the option `--with-x-toolkit=TOOLKIT', where
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67 TOOLKIT is `athena' or `motif' (`yes' and `lucid' are synonyms for
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68 `athena'). On some systems, it does not work to use a toolkit with
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69 shared libraries.
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71 The `--with-gcc' option specifies that the build process should
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72 compile Emacs using GCC. If you don't want to use GCC, specify
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73 `--with-gcc=no'. If you omit this option, `configure' will search
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74 for GCC in your path, and use it if present.
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75
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76 If you want the Emacs mail reader RMAIL to read mail from a POP
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77 server, you must specify `--with-pop'. This provides support for the
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78 POP3 protocol; older versions are not supported. For
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79 Kerberos-authenticated POP add `--with-kerberos', for Hesiod support
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80 add `--with-hesiod'. These options enable Emacs to use POP; whether
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81 Emacs uses POP is controlled by individual users--see the Rmail
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82 chapter of the Emacs manual.
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83
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84 The `--prefix=PREFIXDIR' option specifies where the installation process
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85 should put emacs and its data files. This defaults to `/usr/local'.
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86 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in PREFIXDIR/bin
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87 (unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise).
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88 - The architecture-independent files go in PREFIXDIR/share/emacs/VERSION
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89 (where VERSION is the version number of Emacs, like `19.27').
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90 - The architecture-dependent files go in
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91 PREFIXDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION
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92 (where CONFIGURATION is the configuration name, like mips-dec-ultrix4.2),
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93 unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise.
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95 The `--exec-prefix=EXECDIR' option allows you to specify a separate
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96 portion of the directory tree for installing architecture-specific
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97 files, like executables and utility programs. If specified,
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98 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in EXECDIR/bin, and
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99 - The architecture-dependent files go in
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100 EXECDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION.
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101 EXECDIR/bin should be a directory that is normally in users' PATHs.
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102
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103 For example, the command
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104
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105 ./configure mips-dec-ultrix --with-x11
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106
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107 configures Emacs to build for a DECstation running Ultrix, with
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108 support for the X11 window system.
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109
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110 `configure' doesn't do any compilation or installation
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111 itself. It just creates the files that influence those things:
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112 `./Makefile', `lib-src/Makefile', `oldXMenu/Makefile',
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113 `lwlib/Makefile', `src/Makefile', and `./src/config.h'. For details
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114 on exactly what it does, see the section called `CONFIGURATION BY
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115 HAND', below.
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116
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117 When it is done, `configure' prints a description of what it did and
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118 creates a shell script `config.status' which, when run, recreates the
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119 same configuration. If `configure' exits with an error after
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120 disturbing the status quo, it removes `config.status'. `configure'
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121 also creates a file `config.cache' that saves the results of its tests
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122 to make reconfiguring faster, and a file `config.log' containing compiler
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123 output (useful mainly for debugging `configure'). You can give
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124 `configure' the option `--cache-file=FILE' to use the results of the
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125 tests in FILE instead of `config.cache'. Set FILE to `/dev/null' to
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126 disable caching, for debugging `configure'.
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127
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128 The work of `configure' can be done by editing various files in the
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129 distribution, but using `configure' is easier. See the section called
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130 "CONFIGURATION BY HAND" below if you want to do the configuration
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131 yourself.
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132
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133 3b) To build in a separate directory, go to that directory
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134 and run the program `configure' as follows:
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135
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136 SOURCE-DIR/configure CONFIGURATION-NAME [--OPTION[=VALUE]] ...
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137
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138 SOURCE-DIR refers to the top-level Emacs source directory which is
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139 where Emacs's configure script is located. `configure' looks for the
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140 Emacs source code in the directory that `configure' is in.
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141
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142 To build in a separate directory, you must use a version of `make'
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143 that supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'.
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144
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145 4) Look at `./lisp/paths.el'; if some of those values are not right
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146 for your system, set up the file `./lisp/site-init.el' with Emacs
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147 Lisp code to override them; it is not a good idea to edit paths.el
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149 rather than `defvar', as used by `./lisp/paths.el'. For example,
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150
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151 (setq news-inews-program "/usr/bin/inews")
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152
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153 is how you would override the default value of the variable
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154 news-inews-program (which is "/usr/local/inews").
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155
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156 Before you override a variable this way, *look at the value* that the
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157 variable gets by default! Make sure you know what kind of value the
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158 variable should have. If you don't pay attention to what you are
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159 doing, you'll make a mistake.
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160
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161 5) Put into `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/site-load.el' any Emacs
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162 Lisp code you want Emacs to load before it is dumped out. Use
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163 site-load.el for additional libraries if you arrange for their
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164 documentation strings to be in the etc/DOC file (see
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165 src/Makefile.in if you wish to figure out how to do that). For all
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166 else, use site-init.el.
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167
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168 If you set load-path to a different value in site-init.el or
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169 site-load.el, Emacs will use *precisely* that value when it starts up
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170 again. If you do this, you are on your own!
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171
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172 Note that, on some systems, the code you place in site-init.el must
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173 not use expand-file-name or any other function which may look
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174 something up in the system's password and user information database.
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175 See `./PROBLEMS' for more details on which systems this affects.
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176
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177 The `site-*.el' files are nonexistent in the distribution. You do not
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178 need to create them if you have nothing to put in them.
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179
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180 6) Refer to the file `./etc/TERMS' for information on fields you may
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181 wish to add to various termcap entries. The files `./etc/termcap.ucb'
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182 and `./etc/termcap.dat' may already contain appropriately-modified
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183 entries.
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184
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185 7) Run `make' in the top directory of the Emacs distribution to finish
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186 building Emacs in the standard way. The final executable file is
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187 named `src/emacs'. You can execute this file "in place" without
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188 copying it, if you wish; then it automatically uses the sibling
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189 directories ../lisp, ../lib-src, ../info.
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190
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191 Or you can "install" the executable and the other Emacs into their
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192 installed locations, with `make install'. By default, Emacs's files
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193 are installed in the following directories:
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194
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195 `/usr/local/bin' holds the executable programs users normally run -
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196 `emacs', `etags', `ctags', `b2m', `emacsclient',
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197 and `rcs-checkin'.
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198
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199 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp' holds the Emacs Lisp library;
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200 `VERSION' stands for the number of the Emacs version
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201 you are installing, like `18.59' or `19.27'. Since the
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202 Lisp library changes from one version of Emacs to
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203 another, including the version number in the path
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204 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed
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205 at the same time; in particular, you don't have to
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206 make Emacs unavailable while installing a new version.
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207
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208 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp
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209 files installed for Emacs version VERSION only.
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210
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211 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp
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212 files installed for all Emacs versions.
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213
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214 When Emacs is installed, it searches for its Lisp files
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215 in `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp', then in
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216 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp', and finally in
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217 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp'.
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218
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219 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/etc' holds the Emacs tutorial, the DOC
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220 file, the `yow' database, and other
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221 architecture-independent files Emacs might need while
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222 running. VERSION is as specified for `.../lisp'.
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223
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224 `/usr/local/com/emacs/lock' contains files indicating who is editing
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225 what, so Emacs can detect editing clashes between
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226 users.
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227
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228 `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME' contains executable
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229 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to
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230 run themselves.
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231 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are
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232 installing, and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument
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233 you gave to the `configure' program to identify the
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234 architecture and operating system of your machine,
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235 like `mips-dec-ultrix' or `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since
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236 these files are specific to the version of Emacs,
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237 operating system, and architecture in use, including
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238 the configuration name in the path allows you to have
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239 several versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and
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240 operating systems installed at the same time; this is
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241 useful for sites at which different kinds of machines
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242 share the file system Emacs is installed on.
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243
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244 `/usr/local/info' holds the on-line documentation for Emacs, known as
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245 "info files". Many other GNU programs are documented
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246 using info files as well, so this directory stands
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247 apart from the other, Emacs-specific directories.
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248
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249 `/usr/local/man/man1' holds the man pages for the programs installed
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250 in `/usr/local/bin'.
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251
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252 If these directories are not what you want, you can specify where to
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253 install Emacs's libraries and data files or where Emacs should search
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254 for its Lisp files by giving values for `make' variables as part of
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255 the command. See the section below called `MAKE VARIABLES' for more
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256 information on this.
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257
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258 8) Check the file `dir' in your site's info directory (usually
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259 /usr/local/info) to make sure that it has a menu entry for the Emacs
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260 info files.
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261
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262 9) If your system uses lock files to interlock access to mailer inbox files,
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263 then you might need to make the movemail program setuid or setgid
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264 to enable it to write the lock files. We believe this is safe.
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265
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266 10) You are done! You can remove executables and object files from
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267 the build directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the files
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268 that `configure' created (so you can compile Emacs for a different
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269 configuration), type `make distclean'.
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270
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272
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273 MAKE VARIABLES
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274
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275 You can change where the build process installs Emacs and its data
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276 files by specifying values for `make' variables as part of the `make'
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277 command line. For example, if you type
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278
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279 make install bindir=/usr/local/gnubin
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280
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281 the `bindir=/usr/local/gnubin' argument indicates that the Emacs
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282 executable files should go in `/usr/local/gnubin', not
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283 `/usr/local/bin'.
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284
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285 Here is a complete list of the variables you may want to set.
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286
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287 `bindir' indicates where to put executable programs that users can
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288 run. This defaults to /usr/local/bin.
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289
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290 `datadir' indicates where to put the architecture-independent
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291 read-only data files that Emacs refers to while it runs; it
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292 defaults to /usr/local/share. We create the following
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293 subdirectories under `datadir':
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294 - `emacs/VERSION/lisp', containing the Emacs Lisp library, and
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295 - `emacs/VERSION/etc', containing the Emacs tutorial, the DOC
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296 file, and the `yow' database.
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297 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing,
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298 like `18.59' or `19.0'. Since these files vary from one version
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299 of Emacs to another, including the version number in the path
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300 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed at the
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301 same time; this means that you don't have to make Emacs
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302 unavailable while installing a new version.
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303
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304 `sharedstatedir' indicates where to put architecture-independent data files
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305 that Emacs modifies while it runs; it defaults to
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306 /usr/local/com. We create the following
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307 subdirectories under `sharedstatedir':
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308 - `emacs/lock', containing files indicating who is editing
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309 what, so Emacs can detect editing clashes between
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310 users.
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311
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312 `libexecdir' indicates where to put architecture-specific data files that
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313 Emacs refers to as it runs; it defaults to `/usr/local/libexec'.
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314 We create the following subdirectories under `libexecdir':
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315 - `emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME', containing executable
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316 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to run
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317 themselves.
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318 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing,
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319 and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument you gave to the
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320 `configure' program to identify the architecture and operating
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321 system of your machine, like `mips-dec-ultrix' or
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322 `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since these files are specific to the version
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323 of Emacs, operating system, and architecture in use, including
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324 the configuration name in the path allows you to have several
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325 versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and operating systems
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326 installed at the same time; this is useful for sites at which
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327 different kinds of machines share the file system Emacs is
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328 installed on.
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329
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330 `infodir' indicates where to put the info files distributed with
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331 Emacs; it defaults to `/usr/local/info'.
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332
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333 `mandir' indicates where to put the man pages for Emacs and its
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334 utilities (like `etags'); it defaults to
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335 `/usr/local/man/man1'.
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336
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337 `manext' gives the extension the man pages should be installed with.
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338 It should contain a period, followed by the appropriate
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339 digit. It defaults to `.1'. For example given the default
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340 values for `mandir' and `manext', the Emacs man page would be
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341 installed as `/usr/local/man/man1/emacs.1'.
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342
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343 `prefix' doesn't give a path for any specific part of Emacs; instead,
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344 its value is used to determine the defaults for all the
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345 architecture-independent path variables - `datadir',
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346 `sharedstatedir', `infodir', and `mandir'. Its default value is
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347 `/usr/local'; the other variables add on `lib' or `man' to it
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348 by default.
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349
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350 For example, suppose your site generally places GNU software
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351 under `/usr/users/software/gnusoft' instead of `/usr/local'.
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352 By including
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353 `prefix=/usr/users/software/gnusoft'
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354 in the arguments to `make', you can instruct the build process
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355 to place all of the Emacs data files in the appropriate
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356 directories under that path.
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357
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358 `exec_prefix' serves the same purpose as `prefix', but instead
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359 determines the default values for the architecture-dependent
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360 path variables - `bindir' and `libexecdir'.
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361
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362 The above variables serve analogous purposes in the makefiles for all
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363 GNU software; here are some variables specific to Emacs.
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364
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365 `lispdir' indicates where Emacs installs and expects its Lisp library.
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366 Its default value, based on `datadir' (see above), is
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367 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp' (where `VERSION' is as
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368 described above).
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369
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370 `locallisppath' indicates where Emacs should search for Lisp files
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371 specific to your site. It should be a colon-separated list of
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372 directories; Emacs checks them in order before checking
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373 `lispdir'. Its default value, based on `datadir' (see above), is
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374 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp:/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp'.
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375
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376 `lisppath' is the complete list of directories Emacs should search for
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377 its Lisp files; its default value is the concatenation of
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378 `locallisppath' and `lispdir'. It should be a colon-separated
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379 list of directories; Emacs checks them in the order they
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380 appear.
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381
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382 `etcdir' indicates where Emacs should install and expect the rest of
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383 its architecture-independent data, like the tutorial, DOC
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384 file, and yow database. Its default value, based on `datadir'
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385 (which see), is `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/etc'.
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386
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387 `lockdir' indicates the directory where Emacs keeps track of its
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388 locking information. Its default value, based on
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389 `sharedstatedir' (which see), is `/usr/local/com/emacs/lock'.
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390
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391 `archlibdir' indicates where Emacs installs and expects the executable
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392 files and other architecture-dependent data it uses while
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393 running. Its default value, based on `libexecdir' (which
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394 see), is `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME'
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395 (where VERSION and CONFIGURATION-NAME are as described above).
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396
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397 Remember that you must specify any variable values you need each time
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398 you run `make' in the top directory. If you run `make' once to build
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399 emacs, test it, and then run `make' again to install the files, you
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400 must provide the same variable settings each time. To make the
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401 settings persist, you can edit them into the `Makefile' in the top
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402 directory, but be aware that running the `configure' program erases
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403 `Makefile' and rebuilds it from `Makefile.in'.
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404
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405 The top-level Makefile stores the variable settings it used in the
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406 Makefiles for the subdirectories, so you don't have to specify them
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407 when running make in the subdirectories.
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408
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409
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410 CONFIGURATION BY HAND
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411
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412 Instead of running the `configure' program, you have to perform the
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413 following steps.
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414
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415 1) Copy `./src/config.in' to `./src/config.h'.
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416
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417 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should
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418 use for your system. Look at the code of the `configure' script to
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419 see which operating system and architecture description files from
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420 `src/s' and `src/m' should be used for that configuration name. Edit
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421 `src/config.h', and change the two `#include' directives to include
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422 the appropriate system and architecture description files.
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423
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424 2) Edit `./src/config.h' to set the right options for your system. If
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425 you need to override any of the definitions in the s/*.h and m/*.h
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426 files for your system and machine, do so by editing config.h, not by
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427 changing the s/*.h and m/*.h files. Occasionally you may need to
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428 redefine parameters used in `./lib-src/movemail.c'.
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429
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430 3) Create src/Makefile and lib-src/Makefile from the corresponding
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431 `Makefile.in' files. First copy `Makefile.in' to `Makefile.c',
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432 then edit in appropriate substitutions for the @...@ constructs,
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433 and then copy the shell commands near the end of `configure'
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434 that run cpp to construct `Makefile'.
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435
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436 4) Create `Makefile' files in various other directories
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437 from the corresponding `Makefile.in' files. This isn't so hard,
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438 just a matter of substitution.
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439
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440 The `configure' script is built from `configure.in' by the `autoconf'
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441 program. You need version 2.0 or newer of `autoconf' to rebuild `configure'.
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442
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443 BUILDING GNU EMACS BY HAND
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444
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445 Once Emacs is configured, running `make' in the top directory performs
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446 the following steps.
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447
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448 1) Run `make src/paths.h' in the top directory. This produces
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fbf777f663d3 Correct .in.in and .h.in in file names.
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449 `./src/paths.h' from the template file `./src/paths.in', changing
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450 the paths to the values specified in `./Makefile'.
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451
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452 2) Go to directory `./lib-src' and run `make'. This creates
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453 executables named `ctags' and `etags' and `wakeup' and `make-docfile'
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454 and `digest-doc' and `test-distrib'. And others.
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455
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456 3) Go to directory `./src' and Run `make'. This refers to files in
e520e9f9a8d9 Formerly INSTALL.~31~
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parents: 7627
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457 the `./lisp' and `./lib-src' subdirectories using names `../lisp' and
3199
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458 `../lib-src'.
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459
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460 This creates a file `./src/emacs' which is the runnable Emacs,
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461 which has another name that contains a version number.
e520e9f9a8d9 Formerly INSTALL.~31~
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462 Each time you do this, that version number increments in the last place.
3199
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463
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diff changeset
464 It also creates a file in `./etc' whose name is `DOC' followed by the
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465 current Emacs version. This file contains documentation strings for
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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466 all the functions in Emacs. Each time you run make to make a new
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parents:
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467 emacs, a new DOC file with a new name is made. You must keep the DOC
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parents:
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468 file for an Emacs version as long as you keep using that Emacs
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parents:
diff changeset
469 version.
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parents:
diff changeset
470
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471
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472 INSTALLATION BY HAND
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473
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474 The steps below are done by running `make install' in the main
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475 directory of the Emacs distribution.
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476
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477 1) Copy `./lisp' and its subdirectories, `./etc', and the executables
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
478 in `./lib-src' to their final destinations, as selected in `./src/paths.h'.
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parents:
diff changeset
479
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480 Strictly speaking, not all of the executables in `./lib-src' need be copied.
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parents: 6062
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481 - The programs `cvtmail', `emacsserver', `fakemail', `hexl',
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482 `movemail', `profile', `rcs2log', `timer', `vcdiff', `wakeup',
e520e9f9a8d9 Formerly INSTALL.~31~
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parents: 7627
diff changeset
483 and `yow' are used by Emacs; they do need to be copied.
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parents: 7627
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484 - The programs `etags', `ctags', `emacsclient', `b2m', and `rcs-checkin'
3199
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parents:
diff changeset
485 are intended to be run by users; they are handled below.
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0d3e8a3551b1 Formerly INSTALL.~32~
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parents: 7864
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486 - The programs `make-docfile' and `test-distrib' were
3199
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parents:
diff changeset
487 used in building Emacs, and are not needed any more.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
488 - The programs `digest-doc' and `sorted-doc' convert a `DOC' file into
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
489 a file for users to read. There is no important reason to move them.
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parents:
diff changeset
490
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diff changeset
491 2) Copy the files in `./info' to the place specified in
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parents:
diff changeset
492 `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/paths.el'. Note that if the
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diff changeset
493 destination directory already contains a file named `dir', you
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
494 probably don't want to replace it with the `dir' file in the Emacs
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
495 distribution. Instead, you should make sure that the existing `dir'
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diff changeset
496 file contains an appropriate menu entry for the Emacs info.
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parents:
diff changeset
497
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diff changeset
498 3) Create a directory for Emacs to use for clash detection, named as
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
499 indicated by the PATH_LOCK macro in `./src/paths.h'.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
500
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
501 4) Copy `./src/emacs' to `/usr/local/bin', or to some other directory
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
502 in users' search paths. `./src/emacs' has an alternate name
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
503 `./src/emacs-EMACSVERSION'; you may wish to make a symbolic link named
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
504 `/usr/local/bin/emacs' pointing to that alternate name, as an easy way
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
505 of installing different versions.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
506
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parents:
diff changeset
507 You can delete `./src/temacs'.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
508
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Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
509 5) Copy the programs `b2m', `emacsclient', `ctags', `etags', and
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e520e9f9a8d9 Formerly INSTALL.~31~
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parents: 7627
diff changeset
510 `rcs-checkin' from `./lib-src' to `/usr/local/bin'. These programs are
3199
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parents:
diff changeset
511 intended for users to run.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
512
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
513 6) Copy the man pages in `./etc' for emacs, ctags, and etags into the
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
514 appropriate man directories.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
515
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
516 7) The files in the `./src' subdirectory, except for `emacs', are not
7864
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parents: 7627
diff changeset
517 used by Emacs once it is built. However, it is very desirable to keep
e520e9f9a8d9 Formerly INSTALL.~31~
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parents: 7627
diff changeset
518 the source on line for debugging.
3199
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parents:
diff changeset
519
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
520
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parents:
diff changeset
521 PROBLEMS
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
522
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
523 See the file PROBLEMS in this directory for a list of various
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
524 problems sometimes encountered, and what to do about them.
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
525
8788744c0c64 Initial revision
Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
parents:
diff changeset
526
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e9768f0d0653 Formerly INSTALL.~20~
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parents: 3199
diff changeset
527 Installation on MSDOG (a.k.a. MSDOS)
e9768f0d0653 Formerly INSTALL.~20~
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parents: 3199
diff changeset
528
7627
99cf43c08895 Formerly INSTALL.~28~
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parents: 6062
diff changeset
529 To install on MSDOG, you need to have the GNU C compiler for MSDOG
15444
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
530 (also known as djgpp), GNU Make, rm, mv, and sed. See the remarks in
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
531 config.bat for more information about locations and versions. The
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
532 file etc/FAQ includes pointers to Internet sites where you can find
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
533 the necessary utilities; search for "MS-DOS". The configuration step
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
534 (see below) will test for these utilities and will refuse to continue
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
535 if any of them isn't found.
6062
e9768f0d0653 Formerly INSTALL.~20~
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parents: 3199
diff changeset
536
15444
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
537 If you are building the MSDOG version of Emacs on an MSDOG-like system
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
538 which supports long file names (e.g. Windows 95), you need to make
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
539 sure that long file names are handled consistently both when you
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
540 unpack the distribution and compile it. If you intend to compile with
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
541 DJGPP v2.0 or later, and long file names support is enabled (LFN=y in
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
542 the environment), you need to unpack Emacs distribution in a way that
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
543 doesn't truncate the original long filenames to the DOS 8.3 namespace;
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
544 the easiest way to do this is to use djtar program which comes with
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
545 DJGPP, since it will note the LFN setting and behave accordingly.
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
546 DJGPP v1 doesn't support long filenames, so you must unpack Emacs with
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
547 a program that truncates the filenames to 8.3 naming as it extracts
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
548 files; again, using djtar after setting LFN=n is the recommended way.
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
549 You can build Emacs with LFN=n even if you use DJGPP v2, if some of
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
550 your tools don't support long file names: just ensure that LFN is set
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
551 to `n' during both unpacking and compiling.
15017
11c175c0b7de Describe djtar.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15016
diff changeset
552
15444
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
553 (By the time you read this, you have already unpacked the Emacs
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
554 distribution, but if the explanations above imply that you should have
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
555 done it differently, it's safer to delete the directory tree created
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
556 by the unpacking program and unpack Emacs again, than to risk running
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
557 into problems during the build process.)
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
558
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
559 It is important to understand that the runtime support of long file
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
560 names by the Emacs binary is NOT affected by the LFN setting during
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
561 compilation; Emacs compiled with DJGPP v2.0 or later will always
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
562 support long file names on Windows 95 no matter what was the setting
15733
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
diff changeset
563 of LFN at compile time. However, if you compiled with LFN disabled
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
diff changeset
564 and want to enable LFN support after Emacs was already built, you need
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
diff changeset
565 to make sure that the support files in the lisp, etc and info
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
diff changeset
566 directories are called by their original long names as found in the
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
diff changeset
567 distribution. You can do this either by renaming the files manually,
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
diff changeset
568 or by extracting them from the original distribution archive with
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
diff changeset
569 djtar after you set LFN=y in the environment.
15017
11c175c0b7de Describe djtar.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15016
diff changeset
570
15444
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
571 To unpack Emacs with djtar, type this command:
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
572
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
573 djtar -x emacs.tgz
12339
3398b88cbd25 Update MSDOS needs list.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12042
diff changeset
574
15444
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
575 (This assumes that the Emacs distribution is called `emacs.tgz' on
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
576 your system.) There are a few files in the archive whose names
15733
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
diff changeset
577 collide with other files under the 8.3 DOS naming. On native MSDOS,
15828
e08f1f9b87ef Get rid of "win95".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15825
diff changeset
578 or if you have set LFN=n on Windows 95, djtar will ask you to supply
15733
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
diff changeset
579 alternate names for these files; you can just press `Enter' when this
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
diff changeset
580 happens (which makes djtar skip these files) because they aren't
e3d77845180c Clarify info about long filenames on MSDOS-like systems.
Karl Heuer <kwzh@gnu.org>
parents: 15444
diff changeset
581 required for MS-DOS.
12343
91d4c394cb61 Fix previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12341
diff changeset
582
15444
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
583 When unpacking is done, a directory called `emacs-XX.YY' will be
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
584 created, where XX.YY is the Emacs version. To build and install
66a9ef0892a2 Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 15209
diff changeset
585 Emacs, chdir to that directory and type these commands:
12339
3398b88cbd25 Update MSDOS needs list.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12042
diff changeset
586
3398b88cbd25 Update MSDOS needs list.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 12042
diff changeset
587 config msdos
3398b88cbd25 Update MSDOS needs list.
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588 make install
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589
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590 Building Emacs creates executable files in the src and lib-src
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591 directories. Installing Emacs on MSDOS moves these executables to a
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592 sibling directory called bin. For example, if you build in directory
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593 /emacs, installing moves the executables from /emacs/src and
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594 /emacs/lib-src to the directory /emacs/bin, so you can then delete the
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595 subdirectories /emacs/src and /emacs/lib-src if you wish. The only
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596 subdirectories you need to keep are bin, lisp, etc and info. The bin
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597 subdirectory should be added to your PATH. The msdos subdirectory
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598 includes a PIF and an icon file for Emacs which you might find useful
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599 if you run Emacs under MS Windows.
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600
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601 Emacs on MSDOS finds the lisp, etc and info directories by looking in
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602 ../lisp, ../etc and ../info, starting from the directory where the
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603 Emacs executable was run from. You can override this by setting the
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604 environment variable HOME; if you do that, the directories lisp, etc
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605 and info are accessed as subdirectories of the HOME directory.
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606
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607 MSDOG is a not a multitasking operating system, so Emacs features such
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608 as asynchronous subprocesses that depend on multitasking will not
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609 work. Synchronous subprocesses do work.
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610
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611 Version 2.0 of djgpp has two bugs that affect Emacs. We've included
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612 corrected versions of two files from djgpp in the msdos subdirectory:
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613 is_exec.c and sigaction.c. To work around the bugs, compile these
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614 files and link them into temacs. Djgpp version 2.01 have these bugs
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615 fixed, so upgrade if you can before building Emacs.