Mercurial > emacs
annotate lispref/display.texi @ 64917:f9b024cc4772
(Using regular expressions): Fix xref.
author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Thu, 11 Aug 2005 19:49:52 +0000 |
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64174 | 1 @c -*-texinfo-*- |
6598 | 2 @c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. |
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3 @c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, |
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4 @c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
6598 | 5 @c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions. |
6 @setfilename ../info/display | |
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7 @node Display, System Interface, Processes, Top |
6598 | 8 @chapter Emacs Display |
9 | |
10 This chapter describes a number of features related to the display | |
11 that Emacs presents to the user. | |
12 | |
13 @menu | |
14 * Refresh Screen:: Clearing the screen and redrawing everything on it. | |
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15 * Forcing Redisplay:: Forcing redisplay. |
6598 | 16 * Truncation:: Folding or wrapping long text lines. |
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17 * The Echo Area:: Displaying messages at the bottom of the screen. |
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18 * Warnings:: Displaying warning messages for the user. |
12067 | 19 * Invisible Text:: Hiding part of the buffer text. |
20 * Selective Display:: Hiding part of the buffer text (the old way). | |
6598 | 21 * Temporary Displays:: Displays that go away automatically. |
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22 * Overlays:: Use overlays to highlight parts of the buffer. |
25875 | 23 * Width:: How wide a character or string is on the screen. |
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24 * Line Height:: Controlling the height of lines. |
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25 * Faces:: A face defines a graphics style for text characters: |
25875 | 26 font, colors, etc. |
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27 * Fringes:: Controlling window fringes. |
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28 * Scroll Bars:: Controlling vertical scroll bars. |
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29 * Pointer Shape:: Controlling the mouse pointer shape. |
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30 * Display Property:: Enabling special display features. |
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31 * Images:: Displaying images in Emacs buffers. |
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32 * Buttons:: Adding clickable buttons to Emacs buffers. |
6598 | 33 * Blinking:: How Emacs shows the matching open parenthesis. |
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34 * Inverse Video:: Specifying how the screen looks. |
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35 * Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying nonprinting chars. |
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36 * Display Tables:: How to specify other conventions. |
6598 | 37 * Beeping:: Audible signal to the user. |
38 * Window Systems:: Which window system is being used. | |
39 @end menu | |
40 | |
41 @node Refresh Screen | |
42 @section Refreshing the Screen | |
43 | |
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44 The function @code{redraw-frame} clears and redisplays the entire |
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45 contents of a given frame (@pxref{Frames}). This is useful if the |
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46 screen is corrupted. |
6598 | 47 |
48 @c Emacs 19 feature | |
49 @defun redraw-frame frame | |
50 This function clears and redisplays frame @var{frame}. | |
51 @end defun | |
52 | |
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53 Even more powerful is @code{redraw-display}: |
6598 | 54 |
55 @deffn Command redraw-display | |
56 This function clears and redisplays all visible frames. | |
57 @end deffn | |
58 | |
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59 This function calls for redisplay of certain windows, the next time |
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60 redisplay is done, but does not clear them first. |
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61 |
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62 @defun force-window-update &optional object |
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63 This function forces redisplay of some or all windows. If |
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64 @var{object} is a window, it forces redisplay of that window. If |
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65 @var{object} is a buffer or buffer name, it forces redisplay of all |
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66 windows displaying that buffer. If @var{object} is @code{nil} (or |
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67 omitted), it forces redisplay of all windows. |
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68 @end defun |
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69 |
12098 | 70 Processing user input takes absolute priority over redisplay. If you |
71 call these functions when input is available, they do nothing | |
72 immediately, but a full redisplay does happen eventually---after all the | |
73 input has been processed. | |
74 | |
6598 | 75 Normally, suspending and resuming Emacs also refreshes the screen. |
76 Some terminal emulators record separate contents for display-oriented | |
77 programs such as Emacs and for ordinary sequential display. If you are | |
78 using such a terminal, you might want to inhibit the redisplay on | |
9009 | 79 resumption. |
6598 | 80 |
81 @defvar no-redraw-on-reenter | |
82 @cindex suspend (cf. @code{no-redraw-on-reenter}) | |
83 @cindex resume (cf. @code{no-redraw-on-reenter}) | |
84 This variable controls whether Emacs redraws the entire screen after it | |
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85 has been suspended and resumed. Non-@code{nil} means there is no need |
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86 to redraw, @code{nil} means redrawing is needed. The default is @code{nil}. |
6598 | 87 @end defvar |
88 | |
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89 @node Forcing Redisplay |
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90 @section Forcing Redisplay |
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91 @cindex forcing redisplay |
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92 |
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93 Emacs redisplay normally stops if input arrives, and does not happen |
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94 at all if input is available before it starts. Most of the time, this |
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95 is exactly what you want. However, you can prevent preemption by |
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96 binding @code{redisplay-dont-pause} to a non-@code{nil} value. |
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97 |
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98 @tindex redisplay-dont-pause |
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99 @defvar redisplay-dont-pause |
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100 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, pending input does not |
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101 prevent or halt redisplay; redisplay occurs, and finishes, |
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102 regardless of whether input is available. |
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103 @end defvar |
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104 |
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105 You can request a display update, but only if no input is pending, |
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106 with @code{(sit-for 0)}. To force a display update even when input is |
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107 pending, do this: |
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108 |
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109 @example |
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110 (let ((redisplay-dont-pause t)) |
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111 (sit-for 0)) |
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112 @end example |
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113 |
6598 | 114 @node Truncation |
115 @section Truncation | |
116 @cindex line wrapping | |
117 @cindex continuation lines | |
118 @cindex @samp{$} in display | |
119 @cindex @samp{\} in display | |
120 | |
121 When a line of text extends beyond the right edge of a window, the | |
122 line can either be continued on the next screen line, or truncated to | |
123 one screen line. The additional screen lines used to display a long | |
124 text line are called @dfn{continuation} lines. Normally, a @samp{$} in | |
125 the rightmost column of the window indicates truncation; a @samp{\} on | |
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126 the rightmost column indicates a line that ``wraps'' onto the next line, |
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127 which is also called @dfn{continuing} the line. (The display table can |
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128 specify alternative indicators; see @ref{Display Tables}.) |
6598 | 129 |
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130 On a window system display, the @samp{$} and @samp{\} indicators are |
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131 replaced with arrow images displayed in the window fringes |
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132 (@pxref{Fringes}). |
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133 |
6598 | 134 Note that continuation is different from filling; continuation happens |
135 on the screen only, not in the buffer contents, and it breaks a line | |
136 precisely at the right margin, not at a word boundary. @xref{Filling}. | |
137 | |
138 @defopt truncate-lines | |
139 This buffer-local variable controls how Emacs displays lines that extend | |
140 beyond the right edge of the window. The default is @code{nil}, which | |
141 specifies continuation. If the value is non-@code{nil}, then these | |
142 lines are truncated. | |
143 | |
144 If the variable @code{truncate-partial-width-windows} is non-@code{nil}, | |
145 then truncation is always used for side-by-side windows (within one | |
146 frame) regardless of the value of @code{truncate-lines}. | |
147 @end defopt | |
148 | |
12098 | 149 @defopt default-truncate-lines |
6598 | 150 This variable is the default value for @code{truncate-lines}, for |
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151 buffers that do not have buffer-local values for it. |
12098 | 152 @end defopt |
6598 | 153 |
154 @defopt truncate-partial-width-windows | |
155 This variable controls display of lines that extend beyond the right | |
156 edge of the window, in side-by-side windows (@pxref{Splitting Windows}). | |
157 If it is non-@code{nil}, these lines are truncated; otherwise, | |
158 @code{truncate-lines} says what to do with them. | |
159 @end defopt | |
160 | |
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161 When horizontal scrolling (@pxref{Horizontal Scrolling}) is in use in |
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162 a window, that forces truncation. |
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163 |
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164 If your buffer contains @emph{very} long lines, and you use |
12067 | 165 continuation to display them, just thinking about them can make Emacs |
12098 | 166 redisplay slow. The column computation and indentation functions also |
167 become slow. Then you might find it advisable to set | |
168 @code{cache-long-line-scans} to @code{t}. | |
12067 | 169 |
170 @defvar cache-long-line-scans | |
171 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, various indentation and motion | |
12098 | 172 functions, and Emacs redisplay, cache the results of scanning the |
173 buffer, and consult the cache to avoid rescanning regions of the buffer | |
174 unless they are modified. | |
12067 | 175 |
12098 | 176 Turning on the cache slows down processing of short lines somewhat. |
12067 | 177 |
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178 This variable is automatically buffer-local in every buffer. |
12067 | 179 @end defvar |
180 | |
6598 | 181 @node The Echo Area |
182 @section The Echo Area | |
183 @cindex error display | |
184 @cindex echo area | |
185 | |
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186 The @dfn{echo area} is used for displaying error messages |
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187 (@pxref{Errors}), for messages made with the @code{message} primitive, |
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188 and for echoing keystrokes. It is not the same as the minibuffer, |
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189 despite the fact that the minibuffer appears (when active) in the same |
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190 place on the screen as the echo area. The @cite{GNU Emacs Manual} |
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191 specifies the rules for resolving conflicts between the echo area and |
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192 the minibuffer for use of that screen space (@pxref{Minibuffer,, The |
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193 Minibuffer, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
6598 | 194 |
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195 You can write output in the echo area by using the Lisp printing |
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196 functions with @code{t} as the stream (@pxref{Output Functions}), or |
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197 explicitly. |
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198 |
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199 @menu |
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200 * Displaying Messages:: Explicitly displaying text in the echo area. |
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201 * Progress:: Informing user about progress of a long operation. |
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202 * Logging Messages:: Echo area messages are logged for the user. |
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203 * Echo Area Customization:: Controlling the echo area. |
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204 @end menu |
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205 |
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206 @node Displaying Messages |
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207 @subsection Displaying Messages in the Echo Area |
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208 |
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209 This section describes the functions for explicitly producing echo |
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210 area messages. Many other Emacs features display messages there, too. |
6598 | 211 |
212 @defun message string &rest arguments | |
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213 This function displays a message in the echo area. The |
6598 | 214 argument @var{string} is similar to a C language @code{printf} control |
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215 string. See @code{format} in @ref{Formatting Strings}, for the details |
6598 | 216 on the conversion specifications. @code{message} returns the |
217 constructed string. | |
218 | |
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219 In batch mode, @code{message} prints the message text on the standard |
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220 error stream, followed by a newline. |
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221 |
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222 If @var{string}, or strings among the @var{arguments}, have @code{face} |
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223 text properties, these affect the way the message is displayed. |
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224 |
6598 | 225 @c Emacs 19 feature |
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226 If @var{string} is @code{nil}, @code{message} clears the echo area; if |
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227 the echo area has been expanded automatically, this brings it back to |
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228 its normal size. If the minibuffer is active, this brings the |
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229 minibuffer contents back onto the screen immediately. |
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230 |
6598 | 231 @example |
232 @group | |
233 (message "Minibuffer depth is %d." | |
234 (minibuffer-depth)) | |
235 @print{} Minibuffer depth is 0. | |
236 @result{} "Minibuffer depth is 0." | |
237 @end group | |
238 | |
239 @group | |
240 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
241 Minibuffer depth is 0. | |
242 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
243 @end group | |
244 @end example | |
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245 |
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246 To automatically display a message in the echo area or in a pop-buffer, |
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247 depending on its size, use @code{display-message-or-buffer} (see below). |
6598 | 248 @end defun |
249 | |
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250 @tindex with-temp-message |
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251 @defmac with-temp-message message &rest body |
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252 This construct displays a message in the echo area temporarily, during |
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253 the execution of @var{body}. It displays @var{message}, executes |
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254 @var{body}, then returns the value of the last body form while restoring |
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255 the previous echo area contents. |
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256 @end defmac |
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257 |
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258 @defun message-or-box string &rest arguments |
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259 This function displays a message like @code{message}, but may display it |
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260 in a dialog box instead of the echo area. If this function is called in |
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261 a command that was invoked using the mouse---more precisely, if |
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262 @code{last-nonmenu-event} (@pxref{Command Loop Info}) is either |
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263 @code{nil} or a list---then it uses a dialog box or pop-up menu to |
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264 display the message. Otherwise, it uses the echo area. (This is the |
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265 same criterion that @code{y-or-n-p} uses to make a similar decision; see |
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266 @ref{Yes-or-No Queries}.) |
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267 |
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268 You can force use of the mouse or of the echo area by binding |
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269 @code{last-nonmenu-event} to a suitable value around the call. |
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270 @end defun |
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271 |
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272 @defun message-box string &rest arguments |
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273 This function displays a message like @code{message}, but uses a dialog |
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274 box (or a pop-up menu) whenever that is possible. If it is impossible |
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275 to use a dialog box or pop-up menu, because the terminal does not |
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276 support them, then @code{message-box} uses the echo area, like |
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277 @code{message}. |
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278 @end defun |
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279 |
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280 @defun display-message-or-buffer message &optional buffer-name not-this-window frame |
32840 | 281 @tindex display-message-or-buffer |
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282 This function displays the message @var{message}, which may be either a |
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283 string or a buffer. If it is shorter than the maximum height of the |
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284 echo area, as defined by @code{max-mini-window-height}, it is displayed |
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285 in the echo area, using @code{message}. Otherwise, |
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286 @code{display-buffer} is used to show it in a pop-up buffer. |
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287 |
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288 Returns either the string shown in the echo area, or when a pop-up |
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289 buffer is used, the window used to display it. |
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290 |
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291 If @var{message} is a string, then the optional argument |
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292 @var{buffer-name} is the name of the buffer used to display it when a |
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293 pop-up buffer is used, defaulting to @samp{*Message*}. In the case |
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294 where @var{message} is a string and displayed in the echo area, it is |
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295 not specified whether the contents are inserted into the buffer anyway. |
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296 |
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297 The optional arguments @var{not-this-window} and @var{frame} are as for |
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298 @code{display-buffer}, and only used if a buffer is displayed. |
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299 @end defun |
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300 |
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301 @defun current-message |
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302 This function returns the message currently being displayed in the |
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303 echo area, or @code{nil} if there is none. |
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304 @end defun |
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305 |
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306 @node Progress |
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307 @subsection Reporting Operation Progress |
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308 @cindex progress reporting |
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309 |
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310 When an operation can take a while to finish, you should inform the |
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311 user about the progress it makes. This way the user can estimate |
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312 remaining time and clearly see that Emacs is busy working, not hung. |
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313 |
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314 Functions listed in this section provide simple and efficient way of |
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315 reporting operation progress. Here is a working example that does |
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316 nothing useful: |
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317 |
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318 @smallexample |
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319 (let ((progress-reporter |
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320 (make-progress-reporter "Collecting mana for Emacs..." |
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321 0 500))) |
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322 (dotimes (k 500) |
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323 (sit-for 0.01) |
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324 (progress-reporter-update progress-reporter k)) |
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325 (progress-reporter-done progress-reporter)) |
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326 @end smallexample |
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327 |
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328 @defun make-progress-reporter message min-value max-value &optional current-value min-change min-time |
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329 This function creates and returns a @dfn{progress reporter}---an |
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330 object you will use as an argument for all other functions listed |
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331 here. The idea is to precompute as much data as possible to make |
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332 progress reporting very fast. |
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333 |
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334 When this progress reporter is subsequently used, it will display |
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335 @var{message} in the echo area, followed by progress percentage. |
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336 @var{message} is treated as a simple string. If you need it to depend |
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337 on a filename, for instance, use @code{format} before calling this |
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338 function. |
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339 |
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340 @var{min-value} and @var{max-value} arguments stand for starting and |
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341 final states of your operation. For instance, if you scan a buffer, |
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342 they should be the results of @code{point-min} and @code{point-max} |
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343 correspondingly. It is required that @var{max-value} is greater than |
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344 @var{min-value}. If you create progress reporter when some part of |
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345 the operation has already been completed, then specify |
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346 @var{current-value} argument. But normally you should omit it or set |
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347 it to @code{nil}---it will default to @var{min-value} then. |
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348 |
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349 Remaining arguments control the rate of echo area updates. Progress |
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350 reporter will wait for at least @var{min-change} more percents of the |
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351 operation to be completed before printing next message. |
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352 @var{min-time} specifies the minimum time in seconds to pass between |
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353 successive prints. It can be fractional. Depending on Emacs and |
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354 system capabilities, progress reporter may or may not respect this |
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355 last argument or do it with varying precision. Default value for |
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356 @var{min-change} is 1 (one percent), for @var{min-time}---0.2 |
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357 (seconds.) |
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358 |
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359 This function calls @code{progress-reporter-update}, so the first |
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360 message is printed immediately. |
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361 @end defun |
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362 |
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363 @defun progress-reporter-update reporter value |
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364 This function does the main work of reporting progress of your |
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365 operation. It displays the message of @var{reporter}, followed by |
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366 progress percentage determined by @var{value}. If percentage is zero, |
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367 or close enough according to the @var{min-change} and @var{min-time} |
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368 arguments, then it is omitted from the output. |
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369 |
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370 @var{reporter} must be the result of a call to |
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371 @code{make-progress-reporter}. @var{value} specifies the current |
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372 state of your operation and must be between @var{min-value} and |
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373 @var{max-value} (inclusive) as passed to |
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374 @code{make-progress-reporter}. For instance, if you scan a buffer, |
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375 then @var{value} should be the result of a call to @code{point}. |
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376 |
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377 This function respects @var{min-change} and @var{min-time} as passed |
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378 to @code{make-progress-reporter} and so does not output new messages |
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379 on every invocation. It is thus very fast and normally you should not |
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380 try to reduce the number of calls to it: resulting overhead will most |
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381 likely negate your effort. |
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382 @end defun |
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383 |
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384 @defun progress-reporter-force-update reporter value &optional new-message |
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385 This function is similar to @code{progress-reporter-update} except |
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386 that it prints a message in the echo area unconditionally. |
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387 |
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388 The first two arguments have the same meaning as for |
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389 @code{progress-reporter-update}. Optional @var{new-message} allows |
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390 you to change the message of the @var{reporter}. Since this functions |
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391 always updates the echo area, such a change will be immediately |
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392 presented to the user. |
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393 @end defun |
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394 |
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395 @defun progress-reporter-done reporter |
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396 This function should be called when the operation is finished. It |
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397 prints the message of @var{reporter} followed by word ``done'' in the |
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398 echo area. |
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399 |
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400 You should always call this function and not hope for |
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401 @code{progress-reporter-update} to print ``100%.'' Firstly, it may |
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402 never print it, there are many good reasons for this not to happen. |
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403 Secondly, ``done'' is more explicit. |
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404 @end defun |
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405 |
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406 @defmac dotimes-with-progress-reporter (var count [result]) message body... |
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407 This is a convenience macro that works the same way as @code{dotimes} |
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408 does, but also reports loop progress using the functions described |
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409 above. It allows you to save some typing. |
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410 |
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411 You can rewrite the example in the beginning of this node using |
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412 this macro this way: |
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413 |
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414 @example |
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415 (dotimes-with-progress-reporter |
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416 (k 500) |
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417 "Collecting some mana for Emacs..." |
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418 (sit-for 0.01)) |
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419 @end example |
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420 @end defmac |
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421 |
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422 @node Logging Messages |
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423 @subsection Logging Messages in @samp{*Messages*} |
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424 @cindex logging echo-area messages |
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425 |
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426 Almost all the messages displayed in the echo area are also recorded |
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427 in the @samp{*Messages*} buffer so that the user can refer back to |
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428 them. This includes all the messages that are output with |
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429 @code{message}. |
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430 |
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431 @defopt message-log-max |
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432 This variable specifies how many lines to keep in the @samp{*Messages*} |
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433 buffer. The value @code{t} means there is no limit on how many lines to |
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434 keep. The value @code{nil} disables message logging entirely. Here's |
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435 how to display a message and prevent it from being logged: |
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436 |
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437 @example |
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438 (let (message-log-max) |
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439 (message @dots{})) |
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440 @end example |
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441 @end defopt |
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442 |
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443 To make @samp{*Messages*} more convenient for the user, the logging |
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444 facility combines successive identical messages. It also combines |
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445 successive related messages for the sake of two cases: question |
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446 followed by answer, and a series of progress messages. |
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447 |
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448 A ``question followed by an answer'' means two messages like the |
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449 ones produced by @code{y-or-n-p}: the first is @samp{@var{question}}, |
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450 and the second is @samp{@var{question}...@var{answer}}. The first |
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451 message conveys no additional information beyond what's in the second, |
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452 so logging the second message discards the first from the log. |
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453 |
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454 A ``series of progress messages'' means successive messages like |
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455 those produced by @code{make-progress-reporter}. They have the form |
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456 @samp{@var{base}...@var{how-far}}, where @var{base} is the same each |
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457 time, while @var{how-far} varies. Logging each message in the series |
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458 discards the previous one, provided they are consecutive. |
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459 |
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460 The functions @code{make-progress-reporter} and @code{y-or-n-p} |
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461 don't have to do anything special to activate the message log |
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462 combination feature. It operates whenever two consecutive messages |
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463 are logged that share a common prefix ending in @samp{...}. |
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464 |
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465 @node Echo Area Customization |
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466 @subsection Echo Area Customization |
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467 |
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468 These variables control details of how the echo area works. |
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469 |
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470 @defvar cursor-in-echo-area |
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471 This variable controls where the cursor appears when a message is |
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472 displayed in the echo area. If it is non-@code{nil}, then the cursor |
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473 appears at the end of the message. Otherwise, the cursor appears at |
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474 point---not in the echo area at all. |
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475 |
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476 The value is normally @code{nil}; Lisp programs bind it to @code{t} |
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477 for brief periods of time. |
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478 @end defvar |
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479 |
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480 @defvar echo-area-clear-hook |
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481 This normal hook is run whenever the echo area is cleared---either by |
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482 @code{(message nil)} or for any other reason. |
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483 @end defvar |
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484 |
12098 | 485 @defvar echo-keystrokes |
486 This variable determines how much time should elapse before command | |
27971 | 487 characters echo. Its value must be an integer or floating point number, |
488 which specifies the | |
12098 | 489 number of seconds to wait before echoing. If the user types a prefix |
490 key (such as @kbd{C-x}) and then delays this many seconds before | |
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491 continuing, the prefix key is echoed in the echo area. (Once echoing |
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492 begins in a key sequence, all subsequent characters in the same key |
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493 sequence are echoed immediately.) |
12098 | 494 |
495 If the value is zero, then command input is not echoed. | |
496 @end defvar | |
497 | |
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498 @defvar message-truncate-lines |
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499 Normally, displaying a long message resizes the echo area to display |
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500 the entire message. But if the variable @code{message-truncate-lines} |
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501 is non-@code{nil}, the echo area does not resize, and the message is |
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502 truncated to fit it, as in Emacs 20 and before. |
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503 @end defvar |
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504 |
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505 The variable @code{max-mini-window-height}, which specifies the |
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506 maximum height for resizing minibuffer windows, also applies to the |
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507 echo area (which is really a special use of the minibuffer window. |
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508 @xref{Minibuffer Misc}. |
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509 |
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510 @node Warnings |
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511 @section Reporting Warnings |
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512 @cindex warnings |
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513 |
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514 @dfn{Warnings} are a facility for a program to inform the user of a |
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515 possible problem, but continue running. |
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516 |
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517 @menu |
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518 * Warning Basics:: Warnings concepts and functions to report them. |
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519 * Warning Variables:: Variables programs bind to customize their warnings. |
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520 * Warning Options:: Variables users set to control display of warnings. |
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521 @end menu |
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522 |
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523 @node Warning Basics |
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524 @subsection Warning Basics |
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525 @cindex severity level |
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526 |
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527 Every warning has a textual message, which explains the problem for |
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528 the user, and a @dfn{severity level} which is a symbol. Here are the |
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529 possible severity levels, in order of decreasing severity, and their |
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530 meanings: |
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531 |
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532 @table @code |
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533 @item :emergency |
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534 A problem that will seriously impair Emacs operation soon |
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535 if you do not attend to it promptly. |
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536 @item :error |
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537 A report of data or circumstances that are inherently wrong. |
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538 @item :warning |
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539 A report of data or circumstances that are not inherently wrong, but |
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540 raise suspicion of a possible problem. |
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541 @item :debug |
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542 A report of information that may be useful if you are debugging. |
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543 @end table |
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544 |
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545 When your program encounters invalid input data, it can either |
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546 signal a Lisp error by calling @code{error} or @code{signal} or report |
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547 a warning with severity @code{:error}. Signaling a Lisp error is the |
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548 easiest thing to do, but it means the program cannot continue |
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549 processing. If you want to take the trouble to implement a way to |
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550 continue processing despite the bad data, then reporting a warning of |
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551 severity @code{:error} is the right way to inform the user of the |
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552 problem. For instance, the Emacs Lisp byte compiler can report an |
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553 error that way and continue compiling other functions. (If the |
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554 program signals a Lisp error and then handles it with |
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555 @code{condition-case}, the user won't see the error message; it could |
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556 show the message to the user by reporting it as a warning.) |
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557 |
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558 @cindex warning type |
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559 Each warning has a @dfn{warning type} to classify it. The type is a |
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|
560 list of symbols. The first symbol should be the custom group that you |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
561 use for the program's user options. For example, byte compiler |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
562 warnings use the warning type @code{(bytecomp)}. You can also |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
563 subcategorize the warnings, if you wish, by using more symbols in the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
564 list. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
565 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
566 @defun display-warning type message &optional level buffer-name |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
567 This function reports a warning, using @var{message} as the message |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
568 and @var{type} as the warning type. @var{level} should be the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
569 severity level, with @code{:warning} being the default. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
570 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
571 @var{buffer-name}, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the name of the buffer |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
572 for logging the warning. By default, it is @samp{*Warnings*}. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
573 @end defun |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
574 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
575 @defun lwarn type level message &rest args |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
576 This function reports a warning using the value of @code{(format |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
577 @var{message} @var{args}...)} as the message. In other respects it is |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
578 equivalent to @code{display-warning}. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
579 @end defun |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
580 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
581 @defun warn message &rest args |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
582 This function reports a warning using the value of @code{(format |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
583 @var{message} @var{args}...)} as the message, @code{(emacs)} as the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
584 type, and @code{:warning} as the severity level. It exists for |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
585 compatibility only; we recommend not using it, because you should |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
586 specify a specific warning type. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
587 @end defun |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
588 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
589 @node Warning Variables |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
590 @subsection Warning Variables |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
591 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
592 Programs can customize how their warnings appear by binding |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
593 the variables described in this section. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
594 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
595 @defvar warning-levels |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
596 This list defines the meaning and severity order of the warning |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
597 severity levels. Each element defines one severity level, |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
598 and they are arranged in order of decreasing severity. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
599 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
600 Each element has the form @code{(@var{level} @var{string} |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
601 @var{function})}, where @var{level} is the severity level it defines. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
602 @var{string} specifies the textual description of this level. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
603 @var{string} should use @samp{%s} to specify where to put the warning |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
604 type information, or it can omit the @samp{%s} so as not to include |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
605 that information. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
606 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
607 The optional @var{function}, if non-@code{nil}, is a function to call |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
608 with no arguments, to get the user's attention. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
609 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
610 Normally you should not change the value of this variable. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
611 @end defvar |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
612 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
613 @defvar warning-prefix-function |
54023 | 614 If non-@code{nil}, the value is a function to generate prefix text for |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
615 warnings. Programs can bind the variable to a suitable function. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
616 @code{display-warning} calls this function with the warnings buffer |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
617 current, and the function can insert text in it. That text becomes |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
618 the beginning of the warning message. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
619 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
620 The function is called with two arguments, the severity level and its |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
621 entry in @code{warning-levels}. It should return a list to use as the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
622 entry (this value need not be an actual member of |
54023 | 623 @code{warning-levels}). By constructing this value, the function can |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
624 change the severity of the warning, or specify different handling for |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
625 a given severity level. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
626 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
627 If the variable's value is @code{nil} then there is no function |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
628 to call. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
629 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
630 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
631 @defvar warning-series |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
632 Programs can bind this variable to @code{t} to say that the next |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
633 warning should begin a series. When several warnings form a series, |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
634 that means to leave point on the first warning of the series, rather |
54023 | 635 than keep moving it for each warning so that it appears on the last one. |
52141
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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52002
diff
changeset
|
636 The series ends when the local binding is unbound and |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
637 @code{warning-series} becomes @code{nil} again. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
638 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
639 The value can also be a symbol with a function definition. That is |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
640 equivalent to @code{t}, except that the next warning will also call |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
641 the function with no arguments with the warnings buffer current. The |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
642 function can insert text which will serve as a header for the series |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
643 of warnings. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
644 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
645 Once a series has begun, the value is a marker which points to the |
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
646 buffer position in the warnings buffer of the start of the series. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
647 |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
648 The variable's normal value is @code{nil}, which means to handle |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
649 each warning separately. |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
650 @end defvar |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
651 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
652 @defvar warning-fill-prefix |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
653 When this variable is non-@code{nil}, it specifies a fill prefix to |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
654 use for filling each warning's text. |
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
655 @end defvar |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
656 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
657 @defvar warning-type-format |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
658 This variable specifies the format for displaying the warning type |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
659 in the warning message. The result of formatting the type this way |
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
660 gets included in the message under the control of the string in the |
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
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|
661 entry in @code{warning-levels}. The default value is @code{" (%s)"}. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
662 If you bind it to @code{""} then the warning type won't appear at |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
663 all. |
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
664 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
665 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
666 @node Warning Options |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
667 @subsection Warning Options |
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
668 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
669 These variables are used by users to control what happens |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
670 when a Lisp program reports a warning. |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
671 |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
672 @defopt warning-minimum-level |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
673 This user option specifies the minimum severity level that should be |
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(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
674 shown immediately to the user. The default is @code{:warning}, which |
a5d4d0a7b284
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
675 means to immediately display all warnings except @code{:debug} |
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676 warnings. |
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677 @end defopt |
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678 |
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679 @defopt warning-minimum-log-level |
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680 This user option specifies the minimum severity level that should be |
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681 logged in the warnings buffer. The default is @code{:warning}, which |
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682 means to log all warnings except @code{:debug} warnings. |
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683 @end defopt |
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|
684 |
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|
685 @defopt warning-suppress-types |
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|
686 This list specifies which warning types should not be displayed |
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|
687 immediately for the user. Each element of the list should be a list |
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|
688 of symbols. If its elements match the first elements in a warning |
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|
689 type, then that warning is not displayed immediately. |
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690 @end defopt |
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|
691 |
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|
692 @defopt warning-suppress-log-types |
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|
693 This list specifies which warning types should not be logged in the |
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|
694 warnings buffer. Each element of the list should be a list of |
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|
695 symbols. If it matches the first few elements in a warning type, then |
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696 that warning is not logged. |
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|
697 @end defopt |
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|
698 |
12067 | 699 @node Invisible Text |
700 @section Invisible Text | |
701 | |
702 @cindex invisible text | |
703 You can make characters @dfn{invisible}, so that they do not appear on | |
704 the screen, with the @code{invisible} property. This can be either a | |
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705 text property (@pxref{Text Properties}) or a property of an overlay |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
706 (@pxref{Overlays}). Cursor motion also partly ignores these |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
707 characters; if the command loop finds point within them, it moves |
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708 point to the other side of them. |
12067 | 709 |
710 In the simplest case, any non-@code{nil} @code{invisible} property makes | |
711 a character invisible. This is the default case---if you don't alter | |
712 the default value of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}, this is how the | |
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713 @code{invisible} property works. You should normally use @code{t} |
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|
714 as the value of the @code{invisible} property if you don't plan |
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|
715 to set @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} yourself. |
12067 | 716 |
717 More generally, you can use the variable @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} | |
718 to control which values of the @code{invisible} property make text | |
719 invisible. This permits you to classify the text into different subsets | |
720 in advance, by giving them different @code{invisible} values, and | |
721 subsequently make various subsets visible or invisible by changing the | |
722 value of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. | |
723 | |
724 Controlling visibility with @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} is | |
25875 | 725 especially useful in a program to display the list of entries in a |
726 database. It permits the implementation of convenient filtering | |
727 commands to view just a part of the entries in the database. Setting | |
728 this variable is very fast, much faster than scanning all the text in | |
729 the buffer looking for properties to change. | |
12067 | 730 |
731 @defvar buffer-invisibility-spec | |
732 This variable specifies which kinds of @code{invisible} properties | |
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(Invisible Text): Setting buffer-invisibility-spec makes it buffer-local.
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733 actually make a character invisible. Setting this variable makes it |
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|
734 buffer-local. |
12067 | 735 |
736 @table @asis | |
737 @item @code{t} | |
738 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property is | |
739 non-@code{nil}. This is the default. | |
740 | |
741 @item a list | |
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742 Each element of the list specifies a criterion for invisibility; if a |
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743 character's @code{invisible} property fits any one of these criteria, |
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744 the character is invisible. The list can have two kinds of elements: |
12067 | 745 |
746 @table @code | |
747 @item @var{atom} | |
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748 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property value |
12067 | 749 is @var{atom} or if it is a list with @var{atom} as a member. |
750 | |
751 @item (@var{atom} . t) | |
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752 A character is invisible if its @code{invisible} property value |
12067 | 753 is @var{atom} or if it is a list with @var{atom} as a member. |
754 Moreover, if this character is at the end of a line and is followed | |
755 by a visible newline, it displays an ellipsis. | |
756 @end table | |
757 @end table | |
758 @end defvar | |
759 | |
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760 Two functions are specifically provided for adding elements to |
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761 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} and removing elements from it. |
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762 |
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763 @defun add-to-invisibility-spec element |
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764 This function adds the element @var{element} to |
61972
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(Invisible Text): Correct add-to-invisibility-spec.
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|
765 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. If @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} |
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(Invisible Text): Correct add-to-invisibility-spec.
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766 was @code{t}, it changes to a list, @code{(t)}, so that text whose |
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(Invisible Text): Correct add-to-invisibility-spec.
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767 @code{invisible} property is @code{t} remains invisible. |
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768 @end defun |
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769 |
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770 @defun remove-from-invisibility-spec element |
54023 | 771 This removes the element @var{element} from |
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|
772 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec}. This does nothing if @var{element} |
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Explain about conventioal use of t as `invisible' property
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|
773 is not in the list. |
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774 @end defun |
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775 |
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|
776 A convention for use of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} is that a |
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|
777 major mode should use the mode's own name as an element of |
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|
778 @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} and as the value of the |
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|
779 @code{invisible} property: |
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780 |
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781 @example |
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782 ;; @r{If you want to display an ellipsis:} |
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783 (add-to-invisibility-spec '(my-symbol . t)) |
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784 ;; @r{If you don't want ellipsis:} |
49600
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785 (add-to-invisibility-spec 'my-symbol) |
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786 |
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787 (overlay-put (make-overlay beginning end) |
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788 'invisible 'my-symbol) |
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789 |
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790 ;; @r{When done with the overlays:} |
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791 (remove-from-invisibility-spec '(my-symbol . t)) |
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792 ;; @r{Or respectively:} |
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793 (remove-from-invisibility-spec 'my-symbol) |
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794 @end example |
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795 |
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|
796 @vindex line-move-ignore-invisible |
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797 Ordinarily, functions that operate on text or move point do not care |
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798 whether the text is invisible. The user-level line motion commands |
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|
799 explicitly ignore invisible newlines if |
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800 @code{line-move-ignore-invisible} is non-@code{nil} (the default), but |
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(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
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|
801 only because they are explicitly programmed to do so. |
12098 | 802 |
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803 However, if a command ends with point inside or immediately after |
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|
804 invisible text, the main editing loop moves point further forward or |
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|
805 further backward (in the same direction that the command already moved |
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806 it) until that condition is no longer true. Thus, if the command |
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|
807 moved point back into an invisible range, Emacs moves point back to |
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|
808 the beginning of that range, following the previous visible character. |
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809 If the command moved point forward into an invisible range, Emacs |
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810 moves point forward past the first visible character that follows the |
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|
811 invisible text. |
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|
812 |
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813 Incremental search can make invisible overlays visible temporarily |
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814 and/or permanently when a match includes invisible text. To enable |
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815 this, the overlay should have a non-@code{nil} |
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816 @code{isearch-open-invisible} property. The property value should be a |
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817 function to be called with the overlay as an argument. This function |
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818 should make the overlay visible permanently; it is used when the match |
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819 overlaps the overlay on exit from the search. |
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820 |
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821 During the search, such overlays are made temporarily visible by |
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822 temporarily modifying their invisible and intangible properties. If you |
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823 want this to be done differently for a certain overlay, give it an |
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824 @code{isearch-open-invisible-temporary} property which is a function. |
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825 The function is called with two arguments: the first is the overlay, and |
26986 | 826 the second is @code{nil} to make the overlay visible, or @code{t} to |
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827 make it invisible again. |
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828 |
6598 | 829 @node Selective Display |
830 @section Selective Display | |
831 @cindex selective display | |
832 | |
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833 @dfn{Selective display} refers to a pair of related features for |
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834 hiding certain lines on the screen. |
6598 | 835 |
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836 The first variant, explicit selective display, is designed for use |
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837 in a Lisp program: it controls which lines are hidden by altering the |
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838 text. This kind of hiding in some ways resembles the effect of the |
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839 @code{invisible} property (@pxref{Invisible Text}), but the two |
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840 features are different and do not work the same way. |
12067 | 841 |
842 In the second variant, the choice of lines to hide is made | |
12098 | 843 automatically based on indentation. This variant is designed to be a |
12067 | 844 user-level feature. |
6598 | 845 |
846 The way you control explicit selective display is by replacing a | |
9009 | 847 newline (control-j) with a carriage return (control-m). The text that |
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848 was formerly a line following that newline is now hidden. Strictly |
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849 speaking, it is temporarily no longer a line at all, since only |
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850 newlines can separate lines; it is now part of the previous line. |
6598 | 851 |
852 Selective display does not directly affect editing commands. For | |
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853 example, @kbd{C-f} (@code{forward-char}) moves point unhesitatingly |
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854 into hidden text. However, the replacement of newline characters with |
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855 carriage return characters affects some editing commands. For |
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856 example, @code{next-line} skips hidden lines, since it searches only |
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857 for newlines. Modes that use selective display can also define |
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858 commands that take account of the newlines, or that control which |
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859 parts of the text are hidden. |
6598 | 860 |
861 When you write a selectively displayed buffer into a file, all the | |
862 control-m's are output as newlines. This means that when you next read | |
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863 in the file, it looks OK, with nothing hidden. The selective display |
6598 | 864 effect is seen only within Emacs. |
865 | |
866 @defvar selective-display | |
867 This buffer-local variable enables selective display. This means that | |
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868 lines, or portions of lines, may be made hidden. |
6598 | 869 |
870 @itemize @bullet | |
871 @item | |
25875 | 872 If the value of @code{selective-display} is @code{t}, then the character |
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873 control-m marks the start of hidden text; the control-m, and the rest |
25875 | 874 of the line following it, are not displayed. This is explicit selective |
875 display. | |
6598 | 876 |
877 @item | |
878 If the value of @code{selective-display} is a positive integer, then | |
879 lines that start with more than that many columns of indentation are not | |
880 displayed. | |
881 @end itemize | |
882 | |
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883 When some portion of a buffer is hidden, the vertical movement |
6598 | 884 commands operate as if that portion did not exist, allowing a single |
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885 @code{next-line} command to skip any number of hidden lines. |
6598 | 886 However, character movement commands (such as @code{forward-char}) do |
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887 not skip the hidden portion, and it is possible (if tricky) to insert |
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888 or delete text in an hidden portion. |
6598 | 889 |
890 In the examples below, we show the @emph{display appearance} of the | |
891 buffer @code{foo}, which changes with the value of | |
892 @code{selective-display}. The @emph{contents} of the buffer do not | |
893 change. | |
894 | |
895 @example | |
896 @group | |
897 (setq selective-display nil) | |
898 @result{} nil | |
899 | |
900 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
901 1 on this column | |
902 2on this column | |
903 3n this column | |
904 3n this column | |
905 2on this column | |
906 1 on this column | |
907 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
908 @end group | |
909 | |
910 @group | |
911 (setq selective-display 2) | |
912 @result{} 2 | |
913 | |
914 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
915 1 on this column | |
916 2on this column | |
917 2on this column | |
918 1 on this column | |
919 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
920 @end group | |
921 @end example | |
922 @end defvar | |
923 | |
924 @defvar selective-display-ellipses | |
925 If this buffer-local variable is non-@code{nil}, then Emacs displays | |
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926 @samp{@dots{}} at the end of a line that is followed by hidden text. |
6598 | 927 This example is a continuation of the previous one. |
928 | |
929 @example | |
930 @group | |
931 (setq selective-display-ellipses t) | |
932 @result{} t | |
933 | |
934 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
935 1 on this column | |
936 2on this column ... | |
937 2on this column | |
938 1 on this column | |
939 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
940 @end group | |
941 @end example | |
942 | |
943 You can use a display table to substitute other text for the ellipsis | |
944 (@samp{@dots{}}). @xref{Display Tables}. | |
945 @end defvar | |
946 | |
947 @node Temporary Displays | |
948 @section Temporary Displays | |
949 | |
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950 Temporary displays are used by Lisp programs to put output into a |
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951 buffer and then present it to the user for perusal rather than for |
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952 editing. Many help commands use this feature. |
6598 | 953 |
954 @defspec with-output-to-temp-buffer buffer-name forms@dots{} | |
24951
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955 This function executes @var{forms} while arranging to insert any output |
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956 they print into the buffer named @var{buffer-name}, which is first |
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957 created if necessary, and put into Help mode. Finally, the buffer is |
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958 displayed in some window, but not selected. |
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959 |
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960 If the @var{forms} do not change the major mode in the output buffer, |
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961 so that it is still Help mode at the end of their execution, then |
24951
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962 @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} makes this buffer read-only at the |
52923
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963 end, and also scans it for function and variable names to make them |
53301
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964 into clickable cross-references. @xref{Docstring hyperlinks, , Tips |
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965 for Documentation Strings}, in particular the item on hyperlinks in |
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966 documentation strings, for more details. |
6598 | 967 |
968 The string @var{buffer-name} specifies the temporary buffer, which | |
969 need not already exist. The argument must be a string, not a buffer. | |
970 The buffer is erased initially (with no questions asked), and it is | |
971 marked as unmodified after @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} exits. | |
972 | |
973 @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} binds @code{standard-output} to the | |
974 temporary buffer, then it evaluates the forms in @var{forms}. Output | |
975 using the Lisp output functions within @var{forms} goes by default to | |
976 that buffer (but screen display and messages in the echo area, although | |
977 they are ``output'' in the general sense of the word, are not affected). | |
978 @xref{Output Functions}. | |
979 | |
24951
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980 Several hooks are available for customizing the behavior |
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981 of this construct; they are listed below. |
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982 |
6598 | 983 The value of the last form in @var{forms} is returned. |
984 | |
985 @example | |
986 @group | |
987 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
988 This is the contents of foo. | |
989 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
990 @end group | |
991 | |
992 @group | |
993 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "foo" | |
994 (print 20) | |
995 (print standard-output)) | |
996 @result{} #<buffer foo> | |
997 | |
998 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
999 20 | |
1000 | |
1001 #<buffer foo> | |
1002 | |
1003 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1004 @end group | |
1005 @end example | |
1006 @end defspec | |
1007 | |
1008 @defvar temp-buffer-show-function | |
9009 | 1009 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} |
6598 | 1010 calls it as a function to do the job of displaying a help buffer. The |
1011 function gets one argument, which is the buffer it should display. | |
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1012 |
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1013 It is a good idea for this function to run @code{temp-buffer-show-hook} |
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1014 just as @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} normally would, inside of |
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1015 @code{save-selected-window} and with the chosen window and buffer |
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1016 selected. |
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1017 @end defvar |
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1018 |
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1019 @defvar temp-buffer-setup-hook |
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1020 @tindex temp-buffer-setup-hook |
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1021 This normal hook is run by @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} before |
42082 | 1022 evaluating @var{body}. When the hook runs, the temporary buffer is |
1023 current. This hook is normally set up with a function to put the | |
1024 buffer in Help mode. | |
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1025 @end defvar |
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1026 |
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1027 @defvar temp-buffer-show-hook |
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1028 This normal hook is run by @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} after |
42082 | 1029 displaying the temporary buffer. When the hook runs, the temporary buffer |
1030 is current, and the window it was displayed in is selected. This hook | |
1031 is normally set up with a function to make the buffer read only, and | |
1032 find function names and variable names in it, provided the major mode | |
1033 is Help mode. | |
6598 | 1034 @end defvar |
1035 | |
1036 @defun momentary-string-display string position &optional char message | |
1037 This function momentarily displays @var{string} in the current buffer at | |
1038 @var{position}. It has no effect on the undo list or on the buffer's | |
1039 modification status. | |
1040 | |
1041 The momentary display remains until the next input event. If the next | |
1042 input event is @var{char}, @code{momentary-string-display} ignores it | |
1043 and returns. Otherwise, that event remains buffered for subsequent use | |
1044 as input. Thus, typing @var{char} will simply remove the string from | |
1045 the display, while typing (say) @kbd{C-f} will remove the string from | |
1046 the display and later (presumably) move point forward. The argument | |
1047 @var{char} is a space by default. | |
1048 | |
1049 The return value of @code{momentary-string-display} is not meaningful. | |
1050 | |
12098 | 1051 If the string @var{string} does not contain control characters, you can |
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1052 do the same job in a more general way by creating (and then subsequently |
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1053 deleting) an overlay with a @code{before-string} property. |
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1054 @xref{Overlay Properties}. |
12098 | 1055 |
6598 | 1056 If @var{message} is non-@code{nil}, it is displayed in the echo area |
1057 while @var{string} is displayed in the buffer. If it is @code{nil}, a | |
1058 default message says to type @var{char} to continue. | |
1059 | |
1060 In this example, point is initially located at the beginning of the | |
1061 second line: | |
1062 | |
1063 @example | |
1064 @group | |
1065 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1066 This is the contents of foo. | |
1067 @point{}Second line. | |
1068 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1069 @end group | |
1070 | |
1071 @group | |
1072 (momentary-string-display | |
1073 "**** Important Message! ****" | |
1074 (point) ?\r | |
1075 "Type RET when done reading") | |
1076 @result{} t | |
1077 @end group | |
1078 | |
1079 @group | |
1080 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1081 This is the contents of foo. | |
1082 **** Important Message! ****Second line. | |
1083 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- | |
1084 | |
1085 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
1086 Type RET when done reading | |
1087 ---------- Echo Area ---------- | |
1088 @end group | |
1089 @end example | |
1090 @end defun | |
1091 | |
1092 @node Overlays | |
1093 @section Overlays | |
1094 @cindex overlays | |
1095 | |
1096 You can use @dfn{overlays} to alter the appearance of a buffer's text on | |
12098 | 1097 the screen, for the sake of presentation features. An overlay is an |
1098 object that belongs to a particular buffer, and has a specified | |
1099 beginning and end. It also has properties that you can examine and set; | |
1100 these affect the display of the text within the overlay. | |
6598 | 1101 |
54023 | 1102 An overlays uses markers to record its beginning and end; thus, |
1103 editing the text of the buffer adjusts the beginning and end of each | |
1104 overlay so that it stays with the text. When you create the overlay, | |
1105 you can specify whether text inserted at the beginning should be | |
1106 inside the overlay or outside, and likewise for the end of the overlay. | |
1107 | |
6598 | 1108 @menu |
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1109 * Managing Overlays:: Creating and moving overlays. |
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1110 * Overlay Properties:: How to read and set properties. |
6598 | 1111 What properties do to the screen display. |
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1112 * Finding Overlays:: Searching for overlays. |
6598 | 1113 @end menu |
1114 | |
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1115 @node Managing Overlays |
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1116 @subsection Managing Overlays |
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1117 |
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1118 This section describes the functions to create, delete and move |
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1119 overlays, and to examine their contents. Overlay changes are not |
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1120 recorded in the buffer's undo list, since the overlays are not |
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1121 part of the buffer's contents. |
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|
1122 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1123 @defun overlayp object |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1124 This function returns @code{t} if @var{object} is an overlay. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1125 @end defun |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1126 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1127 @defun make-overlay start end &optional buffer front-advance rear-advance |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1128 This function creates and returns an overlay that belongs to |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1129 @var{buffer} and ranges from @var{start} to @var{end}. Both @var{start} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1130 and @var{end} must specify buffer positions; they may be integers or |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1131 markers. If @var{buffer} is omitted, the overlay is created in the |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1132 current buffer. |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1133 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1134 The arguments @var{front-advance} and @var{rear-advance} specify the |
64411
4dcefa44889e
(Managing Overlays): Clarify make-overlay args for insertion types.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64174
diff
changeset
|
1135 marker insertion type for the start of the overlay and for the end of |
4dcefa44889e
(Managing Overlays): Clarify make-overlay args for insertion types.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64174
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|
1136 the overlay, respectively. @xref{Marker Insertion Types}. If they |
4dcefa44889e
(Managing Overlays): Clarify make-overlay args for insertion types.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1137 are both @code{nil}, the default, then the overlay extends to include |
4dcefa44889e
(Managing Overlays): Clarify make-overlay args for insertion types.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64174
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changeset
|
1138 any text inserted at the beginning, but not text inserted at the end. |
4dcefa44889e
(Managing Overlays): Clarify make-overlay args for insertion types.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1139 If @var{front-advance} is non-@code{nil}, text inserted at the |
4dcefa44889e
(Managing Overlays): Clarify make-overlay args for insertion types.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1140 beginning of the overlay is excluded from the overlay. If |
4dcefa44889e
(Managing Overlays): Clarify make-overlay args for insertion types.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64174
diff
changeset
|
1141 @var{rear-advance} is non-@code{nil}, text inserted at the end of the |
4dcefa44889e
(Managing Overlays): Clarify make-overlay args for insertion types.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1142 overlay is included in the overlay. |
60503
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|
1143 @end defun |
ed1869261935
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|
1144 |
ed1869261935
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changeset
|
1145 @defun overlay-start overlay |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1146 This function returns the position at which @var{overlay} starts, |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1147 as an integer. |
ed1869261935
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diff
changeset
|
1148 @end defun |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1149 |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1150 @defun overlay-end overlay |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1151 This function returns the position at which @var{overlay} ends, |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1152 as an integer. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1153 @end defun |
ed1869261935
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parents:
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diff
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|
1154 |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1155 @defun overlay-buffer overlay |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1156 This function returns the buffer that @var{overlay} belongs to. It |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1157 returns @code{nil} if @var{overlay} has been deleted. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1158 @end defun |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1159 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1160 @defun delete-overlay overlay |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1161 This function deletes @var{overlay}. The overlay continues to exist as |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1162 a Lisp object, and its property list is unchanged, but it ceases to be |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1163 attached to the buffer it belonged to, and ceases to have any effect on |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1164 display. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1165 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1166 A deleted overlay is not permanently disconnected. You can give it a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1167 position in a buffer again by calling @code{move-overlay}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1168 @end defun |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1169 |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1170 @defun move-overlay overlay start end &optional buffer |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1171 This function moves @var{overlay} to @var{buffer}, and places its bounds |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1172 at @var{start} and @var{end}. Both arguments @var{start} and @var{end} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1173 must specify buffer positions; they may be integers or markers. |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1174 |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1175 If @var{buffer} is omitted, @var{overlay} stays in the same buffer it |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1176 was already associated with; if @var{overlay} was deleted, it goes into |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
1177 the current buffer. |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1178 |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1179 The return value is @var{overlay}. |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1180 |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1181 This is the only valid way to change the endpoints of an overlay. Do |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1182 not try modifying the markers in the overlay by hand, as that fails to |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1183 update other vital data structures and can cause some overlays to be |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1184 ``lost''. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1185 @end defun |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1186 |
60782
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
1187 @defun remove-overlays &optional start end name value |
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
1188 This function removes all the overlays between @var{start} and |
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
1189 @var{end} whose property @var{name} has the value @var{value}. It can |
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
1190 move the endpoints of the overlays in the region, or split them. |
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
1191 |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
1192 If @var{name} is omitted or @code{nil}, it means to delete all overlays in |
60782
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
1193 the specified region. If @var{start} and/or @var{end} are omitted or |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
1194 @code{nil}, that means the beginning and end of the buffer respectively. |
60782
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
1195 Therefore, @code{(remove-overlays)} removes all the overlays in the |
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
1196 current buffer. |
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
1197 @end defun |
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60676
diff
changeset
|
1198 |
60503
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1199 Here are some examples: |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1200 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1201 @example |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1202 ;; @r{Create an overlay.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1203 (setq foo (make-overlay 1 10)) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1204 @result{} #<overlay from 1 to 10 in display.texi> |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1205 (overlay-start foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1206 @result{} 1 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1207 (overlay-end foo) |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1208 @result{} 10 |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1209 (overlay-buffer foo) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1210 @result{} #<buffer display.texi> |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1211 ;; @r{Give it a property we can check later.} |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1212 (overlay-put foo 'happy t) |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1213 @result{} t |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1214 ;; @r{Verify the property is present.} |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1215 (overlay-get foo 'happy) |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1216 @result{} t |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1217 ;; @r{Move the overlay.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1218 (move-overlay foo 5 20) |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1219 @result{} #<overlay from 5 to 20 in display.texi> |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1220 (overlay-start foo) |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1221 @result{} 5 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1222 (overlay-end foo) |
ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1223 @result{} 20 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1224 ;; @r{Delete the overlay.} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1225 (delete-overlay foo) |
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1226 @result{} nil |
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1227 ;; @r{Verify it is deleted.} |
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|
1228 foo |
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|
1229 @result{} #<overlay in no buffer> |
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1230 ;; @r{A deleted overlay has no position.} |
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|
1231 (overlay-start foo) |
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|
1232 @result{} nil |
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|
1233 (overlay-end foo) |
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1234 @result{} nil |
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|
1235 (overlay-buffer foo) |
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|
1236 @result{} nil |
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|
1237 ;; @r{Undelete the overlay.} |
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|
1238 (move-overlay foo 1 20) |
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|
1239 @result{} #<overlay from 1 to 20 in display.texi> |
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|
1240 ;; @r{Verify the results.} |
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|
1241 (overlay-start foo) |
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|
1242 @result{} 1 |
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|
1243 (overlay-end foo) |
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|
1244 @result{} 20 |
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|
1245 (overlay-buffer foo) |
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|
1246 @result{} #<buffer display.texi> |
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|
1247 ;; @r{Moving and deleting the overlay does not change its properties.} |
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|
1248 (overlay-get foo 'happy) |
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1249 @result{} t |
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|
1250 @end example |
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1251 |
6598 | 1252 @node Overlay Properties |
1253 @subsection Overlay Properties | |
1254 | |
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1255 Overlay properties are like text properties in that the properties that |
22138
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1256 alter how a character is displayed can come from either source. But in |
60503
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|
1257 most respects they are different. @xref{Text Properties}, for comparison. |
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1258 |
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|
1259 Text properties are considered a part of the text; overlays and |
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|
1260 their properties are specifically considered not to be part of the |
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|
1261 text. Thus, copying text between various buffers and strings |
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|
1262 preserves text properties, but does not try to preserve overlays. |
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|
1263 Changing a buffer's text properties marks the buffer as modified, |
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|
1264 while moving an overlay or changing its properties does not. Unlike |
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|
1265 text property changes, overlay property changes are not recorded in |
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|
1266 the buffer's undo list. |
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1267 |
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|
1268 These functions read and set the properties of an overlay: |
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1269 |
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1270 @defun overlay-get overlay prop |
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1271 This function returns the value of property @var{prop} recorded in |
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1272 @var{overlay}, if any. If @var{overlay} does not record any value for |
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1273 that property, but it does have a @code{category} property which is a |
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1274 symbol, that symbol's @var{prop} property is used. Otherwise, the value |
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1275 is @code{nil}. |
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1276 @end defun |
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1277 |
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1278 @defun overlay-put overlay prop value |
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1279 This function sets the value of property @var{prop} recorded in |
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1280 @var{overlay} to @var{value}. It returns @var{value}. |
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1281 @end defun |
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1282 |
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1283 @defun overlay-properties overlay |
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1284 This returns a copy of the property list of @var{overlay}. |
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1285 @end defun |
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1286 |
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1287 See also the function @code{get-char-property} which checks both |
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1288 overlay properties and text properties for a given character. |
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1289 @xref{Examining Properties}. |
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1290 |
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1291 Many overlay properties have special meanings; here is a table |
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1292 of them: |
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1293 |
6598 | 1294 @table @code |
1295 @item priority | |
1296 @kindex priority @r{(overlay property)} | |
52380
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1297 This property's value (which should be a nonnegative integer number) |
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1298 determines the priority of the overlay. The priority matters when two |
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1299 or more overlays cover the same character and both specify the same |
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1300 property; the one whose @code{priority} value is larger takes priority |
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1301 over the other. For the @code{face} property, the higher priority |
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1302 value does not completely replace the other; instead, its face |
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1303 attributes override the face attributes of the lower priority |
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1304 @code{face} property. |
6598 | 1305 |
1306 Currently, all overlays take priority over text properties. Please | |
1307 avoid using negative priority values, as we have not yet decided just | |
1308 what they should mean. | |
1309 | |
1310 @item window | |
1311 @kindex window @r{(overlay property)} | |
1312 If the @code{window} property is non-@code{nil}, then the overlay | |
1313 applies only on that window. | |
1314 | |
12067 | 1315 @item category |
1316 @kindex category @r{(overlay property)} | |
1317 If an overlay has a @code{category} property, we call it the | |
12098 | 1318 @dfn{category} of the overlay. It should be a symbol. The properties |
12067 | 1319 of the symbol serve as defaults for the properties of the overlay. |
1320 | |
6598 | 1321 @item face |
1322 @kindex face @r{(overlay property)} | |
21007
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1323 This property controls the way text is displayed---for example, which |
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1324 font and which colors. @xref{Faces}, for more information. |
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1325 |
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1326 In the simplest case, the value is a face name. It can also be a list; |
25875 | 1327 then each element can be any of these possibilities: |
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1328 |
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1329 @itemize @bullet |
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1330 @item |
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1331 A face name (a symbol or string). |
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1332 |
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1333 @item |
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1334 A property list of face attributes. This has the form (@var{keyword} |
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1335 @var{value} @dots{}), where each @var{keyword} is a face attribute |
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1336 name and @var{value} is a meaningful value for that attribute. With |
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1337 this feature, you do not need to create a face each time you want to |
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|
1338 specify a particular attribute for certain text. @xref{Face |
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1339 Attributes}. |
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1340 |
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1341 @item |
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1342 A cons cell of the form @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} or |
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1343 @code{(background-color . @var{color-name})}. These elements specify |
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1344 just the foreground color or just the background color. |
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1345 |
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1346 @code{(foreground-color . @var{color-name})} has the same effect as |
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1347 @code{(:foreground @var{color-name})}; likewise for the background. |
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1348 @end itemize |
6598 | 1349 |
1350 @item mouse-face | |
1351 @kindex mouse-face @r{(overlay property)} | |
1352 This property is used instead of @code{face} when the mouse is within | |
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1353 the range of the overlay. |
6598 | 1354 |
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1355 @item display |
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1356 @kindex display @r{(overlay property)} |
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1357 This property activates various features that change the |
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1358 way text is displayed. For example, it can make text appear taller |
38278 | 1359 or shorter, higher or lower, wider or narrower, or replaced with an image. |
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1360 @xref{Display Property}. |
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1361 |
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1362 @item help-echo |
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1363 @kindex help-echo @r{(overlay property)} |
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1364 If an overlay has a @code{help-echo} property, then when you move the |
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1365 mouse onto the text in the overlay, Emacs displays a help string in the |
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|
1366 echo area, or in the tooltip window. For details see @ref{Text |
45750
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Delete "new in Emacs 21" note.
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|
1367 help-echo}. |
25751
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1368 |
6598 | 1369 @item modification-hooks |
1370 @kindex modification-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
1371 This property's value is a list of functions to be called if any | |
1372 character within the overlay is changed or if text is inserted strictly | |
12067 | 1373 within the overlay. |
1374 | |
1375 The hook functions are called both before and after each change. | |
1376 If the functions save the information they receive, and compare notes | |
1377 between calls, they can determine exactly what change has been made | |
1378 in the buffer text. | |
1379 | |
1380 When called before a change, each function receives four arguments: the | |
1381 overlay, @code{nil}, and the beginning and end of the text range to be | |
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|
1382 modified. |
6598 | 1383 |
12067 | 1384 When called after a change, each function receives five arguments: the |
1385 overlay, @code{t}, the beginning and end of the text range just | |
1386 modified, and the length of the pre-change text replaced by that range. | |
1387 (For an insertion, the pre-change length is zero; for a deletion, that | |
1388 length is the number of characters deleted, and the post-change | |
12098 | 1389 beginning and end are equal.) |
12067 | 1390 |
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|
1391 If these functions modify the buffer, they should bind |
06f333c0aec7
(Inverse Video): Delete mode-line-inverse-video.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1392 @code{inhibit-modification-hooks} to @code{t} around doing so, to |
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(Inverse Video): Delete mode-line-inverse-video.
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parents:
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|
1393 avoid confusing the internal mechanism that calls these hooks. |
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(Inverse Video): Delete mode-line-inverse-video.
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|
1394 |
6598 | 1395 @item insert-in-front-hooks |
1396 @kindex insert-in-front-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1397 This property's value is a list of functions to be called before and |
1398 after inserting text right at the beginning of the overlay. The calling | |
1399 conventions are the same as for the @code{modification-hooks} functions. | |
6598 | 1400 |
1401 @item insert-behind-hooks | |
1402 @kindex insert-behind-hooks @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1403 This property's value is a list of functions to be called before and |
1404 after inserting text right at the end of the overlay. The calling | |
1405 conventions are the same as for the @code{modification-hooks} functions. | |
6598 | 1406 |
1407 @item invisible | |
1408 @kindex invisible @r{(overlay property)} | |
12067 | 1409 The @code{invisible} property can make the text in the overlay |
1410 invisible, which means that it does not appear on the screen. | |
1411 @xref{Invisible Text}, for details. | |
1412 | |
1413 @item intangible | |
1414 @kindex intangible @r{(overlay property)} | |
1415 The @code{intangible} property on an overlay works just like the | |
12098 | 1416 @code{intangible} text property. @xref{Special Properties}, for details. |
21007
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1417 |
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1418 @item isearch-open-invisible |
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1419 This property tells incremental search how to make an invisible overlay |
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|
1420 visible, permanently, if the final match overlaps it. @xref{Invisible |
21007
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|
1421 Text}. |
6598 | 1422 |
22138
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|
1423 @item isearch-open-invisible-temporary |
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1424 This property tells incremental search how to make an invisible overlay |
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|
1425 visible, temporarily, during the search. @xref{Invisible Text}. |
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|
1426 |
6598 | 1427 @item before-string |
1428 @kindex before-string @r{(overlay property)} | |
1429 This property's value is a string to add to the display at the beginning | |
1430 of the overlay. The string does not appear in the buffer in any | |
25875 | 1431 sense---only on the screen. |
6598 | 1432 |
1433 @item after-string | |
1434 @kindex after-string @r{(overlay property)} | |
1435 This property's value is a string to add to the display at the end of | |
1436 the overlay. The string does not appear in the buffer in any | |
25875 | 1437 sense---only on the screen. |
12067 | 1438 |
1439 @item evaporate | |
1440 @kindex evaporate @r{(overlay property)} | |
1441 If this property is non-@code{nil}, the overlay is deleted automatically | |
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(Overlay Properties): Adding `evaporate' prop deletes empty overlay immediately.
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|
1442 if it becomes empty (i.e., if its length becomes zero). If you give |
b190e160aa91
(Overlay Properties): Adding `evaporate' prop deletes empty overlay immediately.
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|
1443 an empty overlay a non-@code{nil} @code{evaporate} property, that deletes |
b190e160aa91
(Overlay Properties): Adding `evaporate' prop deletes empty overlay immediately.
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|
1444 it immediately. |
16123
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|
1445 |
29102 | 1446 @item local-map |
29076 | 1447 @cindex keymap of character (and overlays) |
29102 | 1448 @kindex local-map @r{(overlay property)} |
29076 | 1449 If this property is non-@code{nil}, it specifies a keymap for a portion |
1450 of the text. The property's value replaces the buffer's local map, when | |
1451 the character after point is within the overlay. @xref{Active Keymaps}. | |
33996 | 1452 |
1453 @item keymap | |
1454 @kindex keymap @r{(overlay property)} | |
1455 The @code{keymap} property is similar to @code{local-map} but overrides the | |
1456 buffer's local map (and the map specified by the @code{local-map} | |
1457 property) rather than replacing it. | |
29076 | 1458 @end table |
1459 | |
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|
1460 @node Finding Overlays |
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|
1461 @subsection Searching for Overlays |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
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|
1462 |
6598 | 1463 @defun overlays-at pos |
26696
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|
1464 This function returns a list of all the overlays that cover the |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
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|
1465 character at position @var{pos} in the current buffer. The list is in |
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|
1466 no particular order. An overlay contains position @var{pos} if it |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
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|
1467 begins at or before @var{pos}, and ends after @var{pos}. |
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|
1468 |
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|
1469 To illustrate usage, here is a Lisp function that returns a list of the |
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|
1470 overlays that specify property @var{prop} for the character at point: |
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|
1471 |
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|
1472 @smallexample |
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|
1473 (defun find-overlays-specifying (prop) |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
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|
1474 (let ((overlays (overlays-at (point))) |
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Current version from /gd/gnu/elisp.
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|
1475 found) |
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|
1476 (while overlays |
37170
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|
1477 (let ((overlay (car overlays))) |
26696
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|
1478 (if (overlay-get overlay prop) |
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|
1479 (setq found (cons overlay found)))) |
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|
1480 (setq overlays (cdr overlays))) |
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|
1481 found)) |
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|
1482 @end smallexample |
6598 | 1483 @end defun |
1484 | |
22138
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1485 @defun overlays-in beg end |
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1486 This function returns a list of the overlays that overlap the region |
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1487 @var{beg} through @var{end}. ``Overlap'' means that at least one |
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1488 character is contained within the overlay and also contained within the |
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|
1489 specified region; however, empty overlays are included in the result if |
26696
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|
1490 they are located at @var{beg}, or strictly between @var{beg} and @var{end}. |
21007
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|
1491 @end defun |
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|
1492 |
6598 | 1493 @defun next-overlay-change pos |
1494 This function returns the buffer position of the next beginning or end | |
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|
1495 of an overlay, after @var{pos}. If there is none, it returns |
ed1869261935
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|
1496 @code{(point-max)}. |
6598 | 1497 @end defun |
1498 | |
12067 | 1499 @defun previous-overlay-change pos |
1500 This function returns the buffer position of the previous beginning or | |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1501 end of an overlay, before @var{pos}. If there is none, it returns |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
1502 @code{(point-min)}. |
12067 | 1503 @end defun |
1504 | |
26696
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|
1505 Here's an easy way to use @code{next-overlay-change} to search for the |
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|
1506 next character which gets a non-@code{nil} @code{happy} property from |
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|
1507 either its overlays or its text properties (@pxref{Property Search}): |
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|
1508 |
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|
1509 @smallexample |
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|
1510 (defun find-overlay-prop (prop) |
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|
1511 (save-excursion |
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|
1512 (while (and (not (eobp)) |
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|
1513 (not (get-char-property (point) 'happy))) |
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|
1514 (goto-char (min (next-overlay-change (point)) |
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|
1515 (next-single-property-change (point) 'happy)))) |
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|
1516 (point))) |
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|
1517 @end smallexample |
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|
1518 |
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1519 @node Width |
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|
1520 @section Width |
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|
1521 |
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|
1522 Since not all characters have the same width, these functions let you |
21682
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|
1523 check the width of a character. @xref{Primitive Indent}, and |
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|
1524 @ref{Screen Lines}, for related functions. |
21007
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1525 |
22138
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|
1526 @defun char-width char |
21007
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|
1527 This function returns the width in columns of the character @var{char}, |
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|
1528 if it were displayed in the current buffer and the selected window. |
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|
1529 @end defun |
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|
1530 |
22138
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|
1531 @defun string-width string |
21007
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|
1532 This function returns the width in columns of the string @var{string}, |
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|
1533 if it were displayed in the current buffer and the selected window. |
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|
1534 @end defun |
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|
1535 |
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|
1536 @defun truncate-string-to-width string width &optional start-column padding ellipsis |
21007
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1537 This function returns the part of @var{string} that fits within |
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|
1538 @var{width} columns, as a new string. |
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|
1539 |
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|
1540 If @var{string} does not reach @var{width}, then the result ends where |
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|
1541 @var{string} ends. If one multi-column character in @var{string} |
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|
1542 extends across the column @var{width}, that character is not included in |
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1543 the result. Thus, the result can fall short of @var{width} but cannot |
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|
1544 go beyond it. |
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|
1545 |
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|
1546 The optional argument @var{start-column} specifies the starting column. |
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1547 If this is non-@code{nil}, then the first @var{start-column} columns of |
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1548 the string are omitted from the value. If one multi-column character in |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1549 @var{string} extends across the column @var{start-column}, that |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1550 character is not included. |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1551 |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1552 The optional argument @var{padding}, if non-@code{nil}, is a padding |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1553 character added at the beginning and end of the result string, to extend |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1554 it to exactly @var{width} columns. The padding character is used at the |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1555 end of the result if it falls short of @var{width}. It is also used at |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1556 the beginning of the result if one multi-column character in |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1557 @var{string} extends across the column @var{start-column}. |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1558 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1559 If @var{ellipsis} is non-@code{nil}, it should be a string which will |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1560 replace the end of @var{str} (including any padding) if it extends |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1561 beyond @var{end-column}, unless the display width of @var{str} is |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1562 equal to or less than the display width of @var{ellipsis}. If |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1563 @var{ellipsis} is non-@code{nil} and not a string, it stands for |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1564 @code{"..."}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
1565 |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1566 @example |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
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diff
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|
1567 (truncate-string-to-width "\tab\t" 12 4) |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
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|
1568 @result{} "ab" |
52002
26d4153f70a1
(Width): Use \s syntax in example.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51652
diff
changeset
|
1569 (truncate-string-to-width "\tab\t" 12 4 ?\s) |
21007
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1570 @result{} " ab " |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
18234
diff
changeset
|
1571 @end example |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1572 @end defun |
66d807bdc5b4
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1573 |
58883
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1574 @node Line Height |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1575 @section Line Height |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1576 @cindex line height |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1577 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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|
1578 The total height of each display line consists of the height of the |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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diff
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|
1579 contents of the line, and additional vertical line spacing below the |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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58496
diff
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|
1580 display row. |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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diff
changeset
|
1581 |
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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diff
changeset
|
1582 The height of the line contents is normally determined from the |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
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|
1583 maximum height of any character or image on that display line, |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1584 including the final newline if there is one. (A line that is |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1585 continued doesn't include a final newline.) In the most common case, |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
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|
1586 the line height equals the height of the default frame font. |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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diff
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|
1587 |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1588 There are several ways to explicitly control or change the line |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1589 height, either by specifying an absolute height for the display line, |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
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|
1590 or by adding additional vertical space below one or all lines. |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1591 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
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|
1592 @kindex line-height @r{(text property)} |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1593 A newline can have a @code{line-height} text or overlay property |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
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|
1594 that controls the total height of the display line ending in that |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1595 newline. |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1596 |
d928e34db52a
(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59137
diff
changeset
|
1597 If the property value is a list @code{(@var{height} @var{total})}, |
d928e34db52a
(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
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|
1598 then @var{height} is used as the actual property value for the |
d928e34db52a
(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59137
diff
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|
1599 @code{line-height}, and @var{total} specifies the total displayed |
d928e34db52a
(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1600 height of the line, so the line spacing added below the line equals |
d928e34db52a
(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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parents:
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diff
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|
1601 the @var{total} height minus the actual line height. In this case, |
d928e34db52a
(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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parents:
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diff
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|
1602 the other ways to specify the line spacing are ignored. |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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parents:
59137
diff
changeset
|
1603 |
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1604 If the property value is @code{t}, the displayed height of the |
59137
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1605 line is exactly what its contents demand; no line-spacing is added. |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1606 This case is useful for tiling small images or image slices without |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
1607 adding blank areas between the images. |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1608 |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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diff
changeset
|
1609 If the property value is not @code{t}, it is a height spec. A height |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
1610 spec stands for a numeric height value; this height spec specifies the |
59137
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1611 actual line height, @var{line-height}. There are several ways to |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
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|
1612 write a height spec; here's how each of them translates into a numeric |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1613 height: |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1614 |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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diff
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|
1615 @table @code |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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diff
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|
1616 @item @var{integer} |
59137
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1617 If the height spec is a positive integer, the height value is that integer. |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1618 @item @var{float} |
59137
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1619 If the height spec is a float, @var{float}, the numeric height value |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1620 is @var{float} times the frame's default line height. |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1621 @item (@var{face} . @var{ratio}) |
59137
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1622 If the height spec is a cons of the format shown, the numeric height |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1623 is @var{ratio} times the height of face @var{face}. @var{ratio} can |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1624 be any type of number, or @code{nil} which means a ratio of 1. |
d928e34db52a
(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59137
diff
changeset
|
1625 If @var{face} is @code{t}, it refers to the current face. |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
1626 @item (nil . @var{ratio}) |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59137
diff
changeset
|
1627 If the height spec is a cons of the format shown, the numeric height |
d928e34db52a
(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59137
diff
changeset
|
1628 is @var{ratio} times the height of the contents of the line. |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1629 @end table |
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(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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diff
changeset
|
1630 |
59212
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(Line Height): Total line-height is now specified
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59137
diff
changeset
|
1631 Thus, any valid non-@code{t} property value specifies a height in pixels, |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
changeset
|
1632 @var{line-height}, one way or another. If the line contents' height |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1633 is less than @var{line-height}, Emacs adds extra vertical space above |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1634 the line to achieve the total height @var{line-height}. Otherwise, |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1635 @var{line-height} has no effect. |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1636 |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
1637 If you don't specify the @code{line-height} property, the line's |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1638 height consists of the contents' height plus the line spacing. |
59137
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1639 There are several ways to specify the line spacing for different |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58902
diff
changeset
|
1640 parts of Emacs text. |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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58496
diff
changeset
|
1641 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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diff
changeset
|
1642 @vindex default-line-spacing |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1643 You can specify the line spacing for all lines in a frame with the |
64877
573bd827cef9
(Line Height, Scroll Bars): Fix xrefs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64841
diff
changeset
|
1644 @code{line-spacing} frame parameter (@pxref{Layout Parameters}). |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1645 However, if the variable @code{default-line-spacing} is |
58883
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(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1646 non-@code{nil}, it overrides the frame's @code{line-spacing} |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1647 parameter. An integer value specifies the number of pixels put below |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1648 lines on window systems. A floating point number specifies the |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1649 spacing relative to the frame's default line height. |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1650 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
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parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1651 @vindex line-spacing |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1652 You can specify the line spacing for all lines in a buffer via the |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1653 buffer-local @code{line-spacing} variable. An integer value specifies |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1654 the number of pixels put below lines on window systems. A floating |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1655 point number specifies the spacing relative to the default frame line |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58883
diff
changeset
|
1656 height. This overrides line spacings specified for the frame. |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1657 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1658 @kindex line-spacing @r{(text property)} |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1659 Finally, a newline can have a @code{line-spacing} text or overlay |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1660 property that controls the height of the display line ending with that |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
1661 newline. The property value overrides the default frame line spacing |
58902
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
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parents:
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|
1662 and the buffer local @code{line-spacing} variable. |
e1ad27c7a13c
(Line Height): Rewrite text for clarity.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1663 |
59137
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1664 One way or another, these mechanisms specify a Lisp value for the |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1665 spacing of each line. The value is a height spec, and it translates |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
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parents:
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diff
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|
1666 into a Lisp value as described above. However, in this case the |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1667 numeric height value specifies the line spacing, rather than the line |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
1668 height. |
d7025bc399f1
(Line Height): Further clarify.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
1669 |
6598 | 1670 @node Faces |
1671 @section Faces | |
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Index "faces" instead of "face".
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|
1672 @cindex faces |
6598 | 1673 |
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1674 A @dfn{face} is a named collection of graphical attributes: font |
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1675 family, foreground color, background color, optional underlining, and |
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1676 many others. Faces are used in Emacs to control the style of display of |
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1677 particular parts of the text or the frame. |
6598 | 1678 |
1679 @cindex face id | |
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1680 Each face has its own @dfn{face number}, which distinguishes faces at |
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|
1681 low levels within Emacs. However, for most purposes, you refer to |
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(Faces): Minor cleanup.
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|
1682 faces in Lisp programs by the symbols that name them. |
6598 | 1683 |
12067 | 1684 @defun facep object |
63777
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(Faces): `facep' returns t for strings that are face names.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
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|
1685 This function returns @code{t} if @var{object} is a face name string |
fd183c9e3b18
(Faces): `facep' returns t for strings that are face names.
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parents:
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changeset
|
1686 or symbol (or if it is a vector of the kind used internally to record |
fd183c9e3b18
(Faces): `facep' returns t for strings that are face names.
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parents:
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|
1687 face data). It returns @code{nil} otherwise. |
12067 | 1688 @end defun |
1689 | |
6598 | 1690 Each face name is meaningful for all frames, and by default it has the |
1691 same meaning in all frames. But you can arrange to give a particular | |
1692 face name a special meaning in one frame if you wish. | |
1693 | |
1694 @menu | |
1695 * Standard Faces:: The faces Emacs normally comes with. | |
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1696 * Defining Faces:: How to define a face with @code{defface}. |
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1697 * Face Attributes:: What is in a face? |
53467
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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parents:
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|
1698 * Attribute Functions:: Functions to examine and set face attributes. |
59277
120ce8e206a5
(Face Attributes): Describe hex color specs.
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|
1699 * Displaying Faces:: How Emacs combines the faces specified for a character. |
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1700 * Font Selection:: Finding the best available font for a face. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
1701 * Face Functions:: How to define and examine faces. |
25751
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1702 * Auto Faces:: Hook for automatic face assignment. |
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1703 * Font Lookup:: Looking up the names of available fonts |
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1704 and information about them. |
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1705 * Fontsets:: A fontset is a collection of fonts |
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1706 that handle a range of character sets. |
6598 | 1707 @end menu |
1708 | |
1709 @node Standard Faces | |
1710 @subsection Standard Faces | |
1711 | |
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1712 This table lists all the standard faces and their uses. Most of them |
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1713 are used for displaying certain parts of the frames or certain kinds of |
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1714 text; you can control how those places look by customizing these faces. |
6598 | 1715 |
1716 @table @code | |
1717 @item default | |
1718 @kindex default @r{(face name)} | |
1719 This face is used for ordinary text. | |
1720 | |
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1721 @item mode-line |
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1722 @kindex mode-line @r{(face name)} |
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(Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
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parents:
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|
1723 This face is used for the mode line of the selected window, and for |
64156
06f333c0aec7
(Inverse Video): Delete mode-line-inverse-video.
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|
1724 menu bars when toolkit menus are not used. |
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1725 |
6598 | 1726 @item modeline |
1727 @kindex modeline @r{(face name)} | |
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1728 This is an alias for the @code{mode-line} face, for compatibility with |
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1729 old Emacs versions. |
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|
1730 |
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(Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1731 @item mode-line-inactive |
af1ba8f61638
(Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1732 @kindex mode-line-inactive @r{(face name)} |
af1ba8f61638
(Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1733 This face is used for mode lines of non-selected windows. |
43290 | 1734 This face inherits from @code{mode-line}, so changes |
1735 in that face affect all windows. | |
43262
af1ba8f61638
(Standard Faces): Document mode-line-inactive.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1736 |
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1737 @item header-line |
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1738 @kindex header-line @r{(face name)} |
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|
1739 This face is used for the header lines of windows that have them. |
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|
1740 |
25875 | 1741 @item menu |
1742 This face controls the display of menus, both their colors and their | |
1743 font. (This works only on certain systems.) | |
1744 | |
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|
1745 @item fringe |
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|
1746 @kindex fringe @r{(face name)} |
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(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
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|
1747 This face controls the default colors of window fringes, the thin |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
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parents:
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|
1748 areas on either side that are used to display continuation and |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
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parents:
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|
1749 truncation glyphs. Other faces used to display bitmaps in the fringe |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
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|
1750 are implicitly merged with this face. |
25751
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1751 |
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(Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
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parents:
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|
1752 @item minibuffer-prompt |
761d92c0f64e
(Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
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parents:
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|
1753 @kindex minibuffer-prompt @r{(face name)} |
761d92c0f64e
(Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
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parents:
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|
1754 @vindex minibuffer-prompt-properties |
761d92c0f64e
(Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1755 This face is used for the text of minibuffer prompts. By default, |
761d92c0f64e
(Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
1756 Emacs automatically adds this face to the value of |
761d92c0f64e
(Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
1757 @code{minibuffer-prompt-properties}, which is a list of text |
761d92c0f64e
(Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
1758 properties used to display the prompt text. |
761d92c0f64e
(Standard Faces): Document the minibuffer-prompt face and the
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parents:
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|
1759 |
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|
1760 @item scroll-bar |
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1761 @kindex scroll-bar @r{(face name)} |
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|
1762 This face controls the colors for display of scroll bars. |
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|
1763 |
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|
1764 @item tool-bar |
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|
1765 @kindex tool-bar @r{(face name)} |
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|
1766 This face is used for display of the tool bar, if any. |
6598 | 1767 |
1768 @item region | |
1769 @kindex region @r{(face name)} | |
1770 This face is used for highlighting the region in Transient Mark mode. | |
1771 | |
1772 @item secondary-selection | |
1773 @kindex secondary-selection @r{(face name)} | |
1774 This face is used to show any secondary selection you have made. | |
1775 | |
1776 @item highlight | |
1777 @kindex highlight @r{(face name)} | |
1778 This face is meant to be used for highlighting for various purposes. | |
1779 | |
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|
1780 @item mode-line-highlight |
58109adfa96a
Write about `mode-line-highlight'.
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|
1781 @kindex mode-line-highlight @r{(face name)} |
58109adfa96a
Write about `mode-line-highlight'.
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|
1782 This face is used for highlighting something on @code{mode-line} or |
58109adfa96a
Write about `mode-line-highlight'.
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parents:
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|
1783 @code{header-line} for various purposes. |
58109adfa96a
Write about `mode-line-highlight'.
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|
1784 |
25751
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|
1785 @item trailing-whitespace |
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|
1786 @kindex trailing-whitespace @r{(face name)} |
25875 | 1787 This face is used to display excess whitespace at the end of a line, |
1788 if @code{show-trailing-whitespace} is non-@code{nil}. | |
60782
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
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|
1789 |
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
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|
1790 @item escape-glyph |
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
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|
1791 @kindex escape-glyph @r{(face name)} |
ab5e3944cf27
(Invisible Text): State default value of line-move-ignore-invisible.
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|
1792 This face is used to display control characters and escape glyphs. |
25751
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|
1793 @end table |
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|
1794 |
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|
1795 In contrast, these faces are provided to change the appearance of text |
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|
1796 in specific ways. You can use them on specific text, when you want |
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|
1797 the effects they produce. |
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|
1798 |
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|
1799 @table @code |
6598 | 1800 @item bold |
1801 @kindex bold @r{(face name)} | |
1802 This face uses a bold font, if possible. It uses the bold variant of | |
1803 the frame's font, if it has one. It's up to you to choose a default | |
1804 font that has a bold variant, if you want to use one. | |
1805 | |
1806 @item italic | |
1807 @kindex italic @r{(face name)} | |
1808 This face uses the italic variant of the frame's font, if it has one. | |
1809 | |
1810 @item bold-italic | |
1811 @kindex bold-italic @r{(face name)} | |
1812 This face uses the bold italic variant of the frame's font, if it has | |
1813 one. | |
25751
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|
1814 |
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|
1815 @item underline |
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|
1816 @kindex underline @r{(face name)} |
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|
1817 This face underlines text. |
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|
1818 |
38278 | 1819 @item fixed-pitch |
1820 @kindex fixed-pitch @r{(face name)} | |
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1821 This face forces use of a particular fixed-width font. |
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|
1822 |
38278 | 1823 @item variable-pitch |
1824 @kindex variable-pitch @r{(face name)} | |
25751
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|
1825 This face forces use of a particular variable-width font. It's |
25875 | 1826 reasonable to customize this to use a different variable-width font, if |
25751
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|
1827 you like, but you should not make it a fixed-width font. |
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(Standard Faces): Add `shadow' face.
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|
1828 |
83cd1166073d
(Standard Faces): Add `shadow' face.
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|
1829 @item shadow |
83cd1166073d
(Standard Faces): Add `shadow' face.
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|
1830 @kindex shadow @r{(face name)} |
83cd1166073d
(Standard Faces): Add `shadow' face.
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|
1831 This face is used for making the text less noticeable than the |
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(Standard Faces): Add `shadow' face.
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|
1832 surrounding ordinary text. |
6598 | 1833 @end table |
1834 | |
25875 | 1835 @defvar show-trailing-whitespace |
1836 @tindex show-trailing-whitespace | |
1837 If this variable is non-@code{nil}, Emacs uses the | |
1838 @code{trailing-whitespace} face to display any spaces and tabs at the | |
1839 end of a line. | |
1840 @end defvar | |
1841 | |
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1842 @node Defining Faces |
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1843 @subsection Defining Faces |
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1844 |
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1845 The way to define a new face is with @code{defface}. This creates a |
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1846 kind of customization item (@pxref{Customization}) which the user can |
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1847 customize using the Customization buffer (@pxref{Easy Customization,,, |
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1848 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}). |
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1849 |
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1850 @defmac defface face spec doc [keyword value]... |
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1851 This declares @var{face} as a customizable face that defaults |
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1852 according to @var{spec}. You should not quote the symbol @var{face}, |
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1853 and it should not end in @samp{-face} (that would be redundant). The |
25875 | 1854 argument @var{doc} specifies the face documentation. The keywords you |
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1855 can use in @code{defface} are the same as in @code{defgroup} and |
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1856 @code{defcustom} (@pxref{Common Keywords}). |
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1857 |
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1858 When @code{defface} executes, it defines the face according to |
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1859 @var{spec}, then uses any customizations that were read from the |
25875 | 1860 init file (@pxref{Init File}) to override that specification. |
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1861 |
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1862 The purpose of @var{spec} is to specify how the face should appear on |
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1863 different kinds of terminals. It should be an alist whose elements |
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1864 have the form @code{(@var{display} @var{atts})}. Each element's |
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1865 @sc{car}, @var{display}, specifies a class of terminals. (The first |
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1866 element, if it s @sc{car} is @code{default}, is special---it specifies |
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1867 defaults for the remaining elements). The element's @sc{cadr}, |
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1868 @var{atts}, is a list of face attributes and their values; it |
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1869 specifies what the face should look like on that kind of terminal. |
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1870 The possible attributes are defined in the value of |
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1871 @code{custom-face-attributes}. |
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1872 |
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1873 The @var{display} part of an element of @var{spec} determines which |
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1874 frames the element matches. If more than one element of @var{spec} |
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1875 matches a given frame, the first element that matches is the one used |
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1876 for that frame. There are three possibilities for @var{display}: |
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1877 |
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1878 @table @asis |
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1879 @item @code{default} |
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1880 This element of @var{spec} doesn't match any frames; instead, it |
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1881 specifies defaults that apply to all frames. This kind of element, if |
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1882 used, must be the first element of @var{spec}. Each of the following |
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1883 elements can override any or all of these defaults. |
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1884 |
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1885 @item @code{t} |
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1886 This element of @var{spec} matches all frames. Therefore, any |
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1887 subsequent elements of @var{spec} are never used. Normally |
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1888 @code{t} is used in the last (or only) element of @var{spec}. |
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1889 |
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1890 @item a list |
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1891 If @var{display} is a list, each element should have the form |
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1892 @code{(@var{characteristic} @var{value}@dots{})}. Here |
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1893 @var{characteristic} specifies a way of classifying frames, and the |
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1894 @var{value}s are possible classifications which @var{display} should |
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1895 apply to. Here are the possible values of @var{characteristic}: |
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1896 |
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1897 @table @code |
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1898 @item type |
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1899 The kind of window system the frame uses---either @code{graphic} (any |
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1900 graphics-capable display), @code{x}, @code{pc} (for the MS-DOS console), |
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1901 @code{w32} (for MS Windows 9X/NT), or @code{tty} (a non-graphics-capable |
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1902 display). |
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1903 |
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1904 @item class |
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1905 What kinds of colors the frame supports---either @code{color}, |
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1906 @code{grayscale}, or @code{mono}. |
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1907 |
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1908 @item background |
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1909 The kind of background---either @code{light} or @code{dark}. |
45745 | 1910 |
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1911 @item min-colors |
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1912 An integer that represents the minimum number of colors the frame |
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1913 should support. This matches a frame if its |
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1914 @code{display-color-cells} value is at least the specified integer. |
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1915 |
45745 | 1916 @item supports |
46170 | 1917 Whether or not the frame can display the face attributes given in |
1918 @var{value}@dots{} (@pxref{Face Attributes}). See the documentation | |
1919 for the function @code{display-supports-face-attributes-p} for more | |
1920 information on exactly how this testing is done. @xref{Display Face | |
1921 Attribute Testing}. | |
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1922 @end table |
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1923 |
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1924 If an element of @var{display} specifies more than one @var{value} for a |
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1925 given @var{characteristic}, any of those values is acceptable. If |
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1926 @var{display} has more than one element, each element should specify a |
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1927 different @var{characteristic}; then @emph{each} characteristic of the |
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1928 frame must match one of the @var{value}s specified for it in |
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1929 @var{display}. |
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1930 @end table |
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1931 @end defmac |
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1932 |
25875 | 1933 Here's how the standard face @code{region} is defined: |
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1934 |
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1935 @example |
25875 | 1936 @group |
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1937 '((((class color) (min-colors 88) (background dark)) |
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1938 :background "blue3") |
25875 | 1939 @end group |
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1940 (((class color) (min-colors 88) (background light)) |
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1941 :background "lightgoldenrod2") |
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1942 (((class color) (min-colors 16) (background dark)) |
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1943 :background "blue3") |
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1944 (((class color) (min-colors 16) (background light)) |
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1945 :background "lightgoldenrod2") |
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1946 (((class color) (min-colors 8)) |
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1947 :background "blue" :foreground "white") |
25875 | 1948 (((type tty) (class mono)) |
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1949 :inverse-video t) |
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1950 (t :background "gray")) |
25875 | 1951 @group |
1952 "Basic face for highlighting the region." | |
1953 :group 'basic-faces) | |
1954 @end group | |
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1955 @end example |
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1956 |
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1957 Internally, @code{defface} uses the symbol property |
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1958 @code{face-defface-spec} to record the face attributes specified in |
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1959 @code{defface}, @code{saved-face} for the attributes saved by the user |
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1960 with the customization buffer, @code{customized-face} for the |
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1961 attributes customized by the user for the current session, but not |
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1962 saved, and @code{face-documentation} for the documentation string. |
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1963 |
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1964 @defopt frame-background-mode |
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1965 This option, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the background type to use for |
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1966 interpreting face definitions. If it is @code{dark}, then Emacs treats |
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1967 all frames as if they had a dark background, regardless of their actual |
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1968 background colors. If it is @code{light}, then Emacs treats all frames |
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1969 as if they had a light background. |
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1970 @end defopt |
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1971 |
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1972 @node Face Attributes |
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1973 @subsection Face Attributes |
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1974 @cindex face attributes |
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1975 |
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1976 The effect of using a face is determined by a fixed set of @dfn{face |
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1977 attributes}. This table lists all the face attributes, and what they |
25875 | 1978 mean. Note that in general, more than one face can be specified for a |
1979 given piece of text; when that happens, the attributes of all the faces | |
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1980 are merged to specify how to display the text. @xref{Displaying Faces}. |
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1981 |
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1982 Any attribute in a face can have the value @code{unspecified}. This |
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1983 means the face doesn't specify that attribute. In face merging, when |
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1984 the first face fails to specify a particular attribute, that means the |
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1985 next face gets a chance. However, the @code{default} face must |
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1986 specify all attributes. |
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1987 |
25875 | 1988 Some of these font attributes are meaningful only on certain kinds of |
1989 displays---if your display cannot handle a certain attribute, the | |
1990 attribute is ignored. (The attributes @code{:family}, @code{:width}, | |
1991 @code{:height}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} correspond to parts of | |
1992 an X Logical Font Descriptor.) | |
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1993 |
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1994 @table @code |
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1995 @item :family |
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1996 Font family name, or fontset name (@pxref{Fontsets}). If you specify a |
25875 | 1997 font family name, the wild-card characters @samp{*} and @samp{?} are |
1998 allowed. | |
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1999 |
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2000 @item :width |
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2001 Relative proportionate width, also known as the character set width or |
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2002 set width. This should be one of the symbols @code{ultra-condensed}, |
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2003 @code{extra-condensed}, @code{condensed}, @code{semi-condensed}, |
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2004 @code{normal}, @code{semi-expanded}, @code{expanded}, |
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2005 @code{extra-expanded}, or @code{ultra-expanded}. |
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2006 |
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2007 @item :height |
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2008 Either the font height, an integer in units of 1/10 point, a floating |
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2009 point number specifying the amount by which to scale the height of any |
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2010 underlying face, or a function, which is called with the old height |
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2011 (from the underlying face), and should return the new height. |
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2012 |
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2013 @item :weight |
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2014 Font weight---a symbol from this series (from most dense to most faint): |
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2015 @code{ultra-bold}, @code{extra-bold}, @code{bold}, @code{semi-bold}, |
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2016 @code{normal}, @code{semi-light}, @code{light}, @code{extra-light}, |
25875 | 2017 or @code{ultra-light}. |
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2018 |
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2019 On a text-only terminal, any weight greater than normal is displayed as |
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2020 extra bright, and any weight less than normal is displayed as |
25875 | 2021 half-bright (provided the terminal supports the feature). |
2022 | |
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2023 @item :slant |
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2024 Font slant---one of the symbols @code{italic}, @code{oblique}, @code{normal}, |
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2025 @code{reverse-italic}, or @code{reverse-oblique}. |
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2026 |
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2027 On a text-only terminal, slanted text is displayed as half-bright, if |
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2028 the terminal supports the feature. |
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2029 |
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2030 @item :foreground |
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2031 Foreground color, a string. The value can be a system-defined color |
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2032 name, or a hexadecimal color specification of the form |
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2033 @samp{#@var{rr}@var{gg}@var{bb}}. (@samp{#000000} is black, |
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2034 @samp{#ff0000} is red, @samp{#00ff00} is green, @samp{#0000ff} is |
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2035 blue, and @samp{#ffffff} is white.) |
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2036 |
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2037 @item :background |
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2038 Background color, a string, like the foreground color. |
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2039 |
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2040 @item :inverse-video |
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2041 Whether or not characters should be displayed in inverse video. The |
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2042 value should be @code{t} (yes) or @code{nil} (no). |
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2043 |
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2044 @item :stipple |
25875 | 2045 The background stipple, a bitmap. |
2046 | |
2047 The value can be a string; that should be the name of a file containing | |
2048 external-format X bitmap data. The file is found in the directories | |
2049 listed in the variable @code{x-bitmap-file-path}. | |
2050 | |
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2051 Alternatively, the value can specify the bitmap directly, with a list |
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2052 of the form @code{(@var{width} @var{height} @var{data})}. Here, |
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2053 @var{width} and @var{height} specify the size in pixels, and |
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2054 @var{data} is a string containing the raw bits of the bitmap, row by |
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2055 row. Each row occupies @math{(@var{width} + 7) / 8} consecutive bytes |
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2056 in the string (which should be a unibyte string for best results). |
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2057 This means that each row always occupies at least one whole byte. |
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2058 |
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2059 If the value is @code{nil}, that means use no stipple pattern. |
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2060 |
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2061 Normally you do not need to set the stipple attribute, because it is |
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2062 used automatically to handle certain shades of gray. |
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2063 |
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2064 @item :underline |
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2065 Whether or not characters should be underlined, and in what color. If |
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2066 the value is @code{t}, underlining uses the foreground color of the |
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2067 face. If the value is a string, underlining uses that color. The |
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2068 value @code{nil} means do not underline. |
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2069 |
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2070 @item :overline |
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2071 Whether or not characters should be overlined, and in what color. |
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2072 The value is used like that of @code{:underline}. |
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2073 |
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2074 @item :strike-through |
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2075 Whether or not characters should be strike-through, and in what |
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2076 color. The value is used like that of @code{:underline}. |
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2077 |
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2078 @item :inherit |
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2079 The name of a face from which to inherit attributes, or a list of face |
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2080 names. Attributes from inherited faces are merged into the face like an |
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2081 underlying face would be, with higher priority than underlying faces. |
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2082 If a list of faces is used, attributes from faces earlier in the list |
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2083 override those from later faces. |
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2084 |
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2085 @item :box |
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2086 Whether or not a box should be drawn around characters, its color, the |
25875 | 2087 width of the box lines, and 3D appearance. |
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2088 @end table |
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2089 |
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2090 Here are the possible values of the @code{:box} attribute, and what |
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2091 they mean: |
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2092 |
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2093 @table @asis |
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2094 @item @code{nil} |
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2095 Don't draw a box. |
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2096 |
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2097 @item @code{t} |
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2098 Draw a box with lines of width 1, in the foreground color. |
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2099 |
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2100 @item @var{color} |
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2101 Draw a box with lines of width 1, in color @var{color}. |
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2102 |
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2103 @item @code{(:line-width @var{width} :color @var{color} :style @var{style})} |
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2104 This way you can explicitly specify all aspects of the box. The value |
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2105 @var{width} specifies the width of the lines to draw; it defaults to 1. |
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2106 |
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2107 The value @var{color} specifies the color to draw with. The default is |
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2108 the foreground color of the face for simple boxes, and the background |
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2109 color of the face for 3D boxes. |
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2110 |
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2111 The value @var{style} specifies whether to draw a 3D box. If it is |
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2112 @code{released-button}, the box looks like a 3D button that is not being |
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2113 pressed. If it is @code{pressed-button}, the box looks like a 3D button |
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2114 that is being pressed. If it is @code{nil} or omitted, a plain 2D box |
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2115 is used. |
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2116 @end table |
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2117 |
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2118 In older versions of Emacs, before @code{:family}, @code{:height}, |
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2119 @code{:width}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} existed, these |
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2120 attributes were used to specify the type face. They are now |
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2121 semi-obsolete, but they still work: |
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2122 |
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2123 @table @code |
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2124 @item :font |
25875 | 2125 This attribute specifies the font name. |
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2126 |
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2127 @item :bold |
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2128 A non-@code{nil} value specifies a bold font. |
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2129 |
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2130 @item :italic |
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2131 A non-@code{nil} value specifies an italic font. |
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2132 @end table |
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2133 |
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2134 For compatibility, you can still set these ``attributes'', even |
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2135 though they are not real face attributes. Here is what that does: |
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2136 |
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2137 @table @code |
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2138 @item :font |
25875 | 2139 You can specify an X font name as the ``value'' of this ``attribute''; |
2140 that sets the @code{:family}, @code{:width}, @code{:height}, | |
2141 @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} attributes according to the font name. | |
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2142 |
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2143 If the value is a pattern with wildcards, the first font that matches |
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2144 the pattern is used to set these attributes. |
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2145 |
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2146 @item :bold |
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2147 A non-@code{nil} makes the face bold; @code{nil} makes it normal. |
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2148 This actually works by setting the @code{:weight} attribute. |
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2149 |
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2150 @item :italic |
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2151 A non-@code{nil} makes the face italic; @code{nil} makes it normal. |
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2152 This actually works by setting the @code{:slant} attribute. |
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2153 @end table |
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2154 |
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2155 @defvar x-bitmap-file-path |
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2156 This variable specifies a list of directories for searching |
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2157 for bitmap files, for the @code{:stipple} attribute. |
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2158 @end defvar |
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2159 |
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2160 @defun bitmap-spec-p object |
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2161 This returns @code{t} if @var{object} is a valid bitmap specification, |
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2162 suitable for use with @code{:stipple} (see above). It returns |
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2163 @code{nil} otherwise. |
25875 | 2164 @end defun |
2165 | |
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2166 @node Attribute Functions |
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2167 @subsection Face Attribute Functions |
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2168 |
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2169 You can modify the attributes of an existing face with the following |
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2170 functions. If you specify @var{frame}, they affect just that frame; |
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2171 otherwise, they affect all frames as well as the defaults that apply to |
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2172 new frames. |
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2173 |
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2174 @tindex set-face-attribute |
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2175 @defun set-face-attribute face frame &rest arguments |
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2176 This function sets one or more attributes of face @var{face} |
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2177 for frame @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, it sets |
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2178 the attribute for all frames, and the defaults for new frames. |
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2179 |
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2180 The extra arguments @var{arguments} specify the attributes to set, and |
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2181 the values for them. They should consist of alternating attribute names |
25875 | 2182 (such as @code{:family} or @code{:underline}) and corresponding values. |
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2183 Thus, |
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2184 |
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2185 @example |
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2186 (set-face-attribute 'foo nil |
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2187 :width 'extended |
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2188 :weight 'bold |
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2189 :underline "red") |
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2190 @end example |
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2191 |
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2192 @noindent |
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2193 sets the attributes @code{:width}, @code{:weight} and @code{:underline} |
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2194 to the corresponding values. |
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2195 @end defun |
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2196 |
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2197 @tindex face-attribute |
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2198 @defun face-attribute face attribute &optional frame inherit |
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2199 This returns the value of the @var{attribute} attribute of face |
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2200 @var{face} on @var{frame}. If @var{frame} is @code{nil}, |
39404
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2201 that means the selected frame (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
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2202 |
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2203 If @var{frame} is @code{t}, the value is the default for |
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2204 @var{face} for new frames. |
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2205 |
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2206 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only attributes directly defined by |
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2207 @var{face} are considered, so the return value may be |
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2208 @code{unspecified}, or a relative value. If @var{inherit} is |
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2209 non-@code{nil}, @var{face}'s definition of @var{attribute} is merged |
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2210 with the faces specified by its @code{:inherit} attribute; however the |
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2211 return value may still be @code{unspecified} or relative. If |
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2212 @var{inherit} is a face or a list of faces, then the result is further |
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2213 merged with that face (or faces), until it becomes specified and |
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2214 absolute. |
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2215 |
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2216 To ensure that the return value is always specified and absolute, use |
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2217 a value of @code{default} for @var{inherit}; this will resolve any |
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2218 unspecified or relative values by merging with the @code{default} face |
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2219 (which is always completely specified). |
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2220 |
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2221 For example, |
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2222 |
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2223 @example |
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2224 (face-attribute 'bold :weight) |
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2225 @result{} bold |
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2226 @end example |
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2227 @end defun |
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2228 |
25875 | 2229 The functions above did not exist before Emacs 21. For compatibility |
2230 with older Emacs versions, you can use the following functions to set | |
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2231 and examine the face attributes which existed in those versions. |
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2232 |
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2233 @tindex face-attribute-relative-p |
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2234 @defun face-attribute-relative-p attribute value |
54023 | 2235 This function returns non-@code{nil} if @var{value}, when used as |
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2236 the value of the face attribute @var{attribute}, is relative (that is, |
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2237 if it modifies an underlying or inherited value of @var{attribute}). |
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Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2238 @end defun |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2239 |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2240 @tindex merge-face-attribute |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2241 @defun merge-face-attribute attribute value1 value2 |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2242 If @var{value1} is a relative value for the face attribute |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2243 @var{attribute}, returns it merged with the underlying value |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2244 @var{value2}; otherwise, if @var{value1} is an absolute value for the |
51000
72af65197e01
Fix typos. Patch from Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
2245 face attribute @var{attribute}, returns @var{value1} unchanged. |
46240
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2246 @end defun |
df64f9f41c5f
Add entries for face-attribute-relative-p, merge-face-attribute.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46170
diff
changeset
|
2247 |
25751
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changeset
|
2248 @defun set-face-foreground face color &optional frame |
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|
2249 @defunx set-face-background face color &optional frame |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2250 These functions set the foreground (or background, respectively) color |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2251 of face @var{face} to @var{color}. The argument @var{color} should be a |
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|
2252 string, the name of a color. |
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changeset
|
2253 |
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changeset
|
2254 Certain shades of gray are implemented by stipple patterns on |
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|
2255 black-and-white screens. |
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|
2256 @end defun |
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diff
changeset
|
2257 |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2258 @defun set-face-stipple face pattern &optional frame |
42888
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
changeset
|
2259 This function sets the background stipple pattern of face @var{face} |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
changeset
|
2260 to @var{pattern}. The argument @var{pattern} should be the name of a |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
changeset
|
2261 stipple pattern defined by the X server, or actual bitmap data |
04040cfbdf67
(set-face-stipple): Reference description of bitmap data
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
42827
diff
changeset
|
2262 (@pxref{Face Attributes}), or @code{nil} meaning don't use stipple. |
25751
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|
2263 |
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|
2264 Normally there is no need to pay attention to stipple patterns, because |
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|
2265 they are used automatically to handle certain shades of gray. |
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2266 @end defun |
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|
2267 |
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|
2268 @defun set-face-font face font &optional frame |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2269 This function sets the font of face @var{face}. This actually sets |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2270 the attributes @code{:family}, @code{:width}, @code{:height}, |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
2271 @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant} according to the font name |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2272 @var{font}. |
25751
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|
2273 @end defun |
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|
2274 |
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|
2275 @defun set-face-bold-p face bold-p &optional frame |
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diff
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|
2276 This function specifies whether @var{face} should be bold. If |
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diff
changeset
|
2277 @var{bold-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means yes; @code{nil} means no. |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2278 This actually sets the @code{:weight} attribute. |
25751
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|
2279 @end defun |
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|
2280 |
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|
2281 @defun set-face-italic-p face italic-p &optional frame |
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|
2282 This function specifies whether @var{face} should be italic. If |
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|
2283 @var{italic-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means yes; @code{nil} means no. |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
2284 This actually sets the @code{:slant} attribute. |
25751
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|
2285 @end defun |
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|
2286 |
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|
2287 @defun set-face-underline-p face underline-p &optional frame |
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2288 This function sets the underline attribute of face @var{face}. |
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parents:
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|
2289 Non-@code{nil} means do underline; @code{nil} means don't. |
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|
2290 @end defun |
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|
2291 |
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|
2292 @defun invert-face face &optional frame |
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|
2293 This function inverts the @code{:inverse-video} attribute of face |
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|
2294 @var{face}. If the attribute is @code{nil}, this function sets it to |
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|
2295 @code{t}, and vice versa. |
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|
2296 @end defun |
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|
2297 |
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|
2298 These functions examine the attributes of a face. If you don't |
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|
2299 specify @var{frame}, they refer to the default data for new frames. |
25875 | 2300 They return the symbol @code{unspecified} if the face doesn't define any |
2301 value for that attribute. | |
25751
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|
2302 |
46245
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
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|
2303 @defun face-foreground face &optional frame inherit |
25751
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|
2304 @defunx face-background face &optional frame |
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|
2305 These functions return the foreground color (or background color, |
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|
2306 respectively) of face @var{face}, as a string. |
46245
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2307 |
54777 | 2308 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only a color directly defined by the face is |
2309 returned. If @var{inherit} is non-@code{nil}, any faces specified by its | |
46245
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
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|
2310 @code{:inherit} attribute are considered as well, and if @var{inherit} |
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
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|
2311 is a face or a list of faces, then they are also considered, until a |
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
changeset
|
2312 specified color is found. To ensure that the return value is always |
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
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|
2313 specified, use a value of @code{default} for @var{inherit}. |
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|
2314 @end defun |
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|
2315 |
46245
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Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
2316 @defun face-stipple face &optional frame inherit |
25751
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|
2317 This function returns the name of the background stipple pattern of face |
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|
2318 @var{face}, or @code{nil} if it doesn't have one. |
46245
fb42c0446cbf
Update face-foreground and face-background to mention INHERIT parameter.
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
46240
diff
changeset
|
2319 |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2320 If @var{inherit} is @code{nil}, only a stipple directly defined by the |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2321 face is returned. If @var{inherit} is non-@code{nil}, any faces |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2322 specified by its @code{:inherit} attribute are considered as well, and |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2323 if @var{inherit} is a face or a list of faces, then they are also |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2324 considered, until a specified stipple is found. To ensure that the |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2325 return value is always specified, use a value of @code{default} for |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
2326 @var{inherit}. |
25751
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|
2327 @end defun |
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|
2328 |
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|
2329 @defun face-font face &optional frame |
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|
2330 This function returns the name of the font of face @var{face}. |
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|
2331 @end defun |
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|
2332 |
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|
2333 @defun face-bold-p face &optional frame |
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|
2334 This function returns @code{t} if @var{face} is bold---that is, if it is |
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|
2335 bolder than normal. It returns @code{nil} otherwise. |
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|
2336 @end defun |
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|
2337 |
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|
2338 @defun face-italic-p face &optional frame |
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|
2339 This function returns @code{t} if @var{face} is italic or oblique, |
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|
2340 @code{nil} otherwise. |
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|
2341 @end defun |
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|
2342 |
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|
2343 @defun face-underline-p face &optional frame |
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|
2344 This function returns the @code{:underline} attribute of face @var{face}. |
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|
2345 @end defun |
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|
2346 |
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|
2347 @defun face-inverse-video-p face &optional frame |
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|
2348 This function returns the @code{:inverse-video} attribute of face @var{face}. |
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|
2349 @end defun |
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|
2350 |
59277
120ce8e206a5
(Face Attributes): Describe hex color specs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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59212
diff
changeset
|
2351 @node Displaying Faces |
120ce8e206a5
(Face Attributes): Describe hex color specs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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59212
diff
changeset
|
2352 @subsection Displaying Faces |
6598 | 2353 |
25751
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|
2354 Here are the ways to specify which faces to use for display of text: |
6598 | 2355 |
2356 @itemize @bullet | |
2357 @item | |
25751
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|
2358 With defaults. The @code{default} face is used as the ultimate |
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changeset
|
2359 default for all text. (In Emacs 19 and 20, the @code{default} |
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changeset
|
2360 face is used only when no other face is specified.) |
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|
2361 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
changeset
|
2362 @item |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
changeset
|
2363 For a mode line or header line, the face @code{mode-line} or |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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2364 @code{mode-line-inactive}, or @code{header-line}, is merged in just |
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2365 before @code{default}. |
6598 | 2366 |
2367 @item | |
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2368 With text properties. A character can have a @code{face} property; if |
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2369 so, the faces and face attributes specified there apply. @xref{Special |
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2370 Properties}. |
6598 | 2371 |
2372 If the character has a @code{mouse-face} property, that is used instead | |
2373 of the @code{face} property when the mouse is ``near enough'' to the | |
2374 character. | |
2375 | |
2376 @item | |
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2377 With overlays. An overlay can have @code{face} and @code{mouse-face} |
6598 | 2378 properties too; they apply to all the text covered by the overlay. |
2379 | |
2380 @item | |
12098 | 2381 With a region that is active. In Transient Mark mode, the region is |
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2382 highlighted with the face @code{region} (@pxref{Standard Faces}). |
12098 | 2383 |
2384 @item | |
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2385 With special glyphs. Each glyph can specify a particular face |
6598 | 2386 number. @xref{Glyphs}. |
2387 @end itemize | |
2388 | |
2389 If these various sources together specify more than one face for a | |
2390 particular character, Emacs merges the attributes of the various faces | |
60503
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2391 specified. For each attribute, Emacs tries first the face of any |
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2392 special glyph; then the face for region highlighting, if appropriate; |
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2393 then the faces specified by overlays, followed by those specified by |
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2394 text properties, then the @code{mode-line} or |
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2395 @code{mode-line-inactive} or @code{header-line} face (if in a mode |
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2396 line or a header line), and last the @code{default} face. |
6598 | 2397 |
2398 When multiple overlays cover one character, an overlay with higher | |
2399 priority overrides those with lower priority. @xref{Overlays}. | |
2400 | |
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2401 @node Font Selection |
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2402 @subsection Font Selection |
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2403 |
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2404 @dfn{Selecting a font} means mapping the specified face attributes for |
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2405 a character to a font that is available on a particular display. The |
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2406 face attributes, as determined by face merging, specify most of the |
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2407 font choice, but not all. Part of the choice depends on what character |
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2408 it is. |
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2409 |
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2410 If the face specifies a fontset name, that fontset determines a |
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2411 pattern for fonts of the given charset. If the face specifies a font |
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2412 family, a font pattern is constructed. |
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2413 |
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2414 Emacs tries to find an available font for the given face attributes |
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2415 and character's registry and encoding. If there is a font that matches |
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2416 exactly, it is used, of course. The hard case is when no available font |
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2417 exactly fits the specification. Then Emacs looks for one that is |
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2418 ``close''---one attribute at a time. You can specify the order to |
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2419 consider the attributes. In the case where a specified font family is |
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2420 not available, you can specify a set of mappings for alternatives to |
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2421 try. |
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2422 |
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2423 @defvar face-font-selection-order |
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2424 @tindex face-font-selection-order |
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2425 This variable specifies the order of importance of the face attributes |
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2426 @code{:width}, @code{:height}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant}. The |
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2427 value should be a list containing those four symbols, in order of |
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2428 decreasing importance. |
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2429 |
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2430 Font selection first finds the best available matches for the first |
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2431 attribute listed; then, among the fonts which are best in that way, it |
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2432 searches for the best matches in the second attribute, and so on. |
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2433 |
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2434 The attributes @code{:weight} and @code{:width} have symbolic values in |
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2435 a range centered around @code{normal}. Matches that are more extreme |
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2436 (farther from @code{normal}) are somewhat preferred to matches that are |
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2437 less extreme (closer to @code{normal}); this is designed to ensure that |
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2438 non-normal faces contrast with normal ones, whenever possible. |
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2439 |
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2440 The default is @code{(:width :height :weight :slant)}, which means first |
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2441 find the fonts closest to the specified @code{:width}, then---among the |
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2442 fonts with that width---find a best match for the specified font height, |
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2443 and so on. |
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2444 |
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2445 One example of a case where this variable makes a difference is when the |
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2446 default font has no italic equivalent. With the default ordering, the |
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2447 @code{italic} face will use a non-italic font that is similar to the |
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2448 default one. But if you put @code{:slant} before @code{:height}, the |
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2449 @code{italic} face will use an italic font, even if its height is not |
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2450 quite right. |
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2451 @end defvar |
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2452 |
33373 | 2453 @defvar face-font-family-alternatives |
2454 @tindex face-font-family-alternatives | |
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2455 This variable lets you specify alternative font families to try, if a |
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2456 given family is specified and doesn't exist. Each element should have |
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2457 this form: |
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2458 |
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2459 @example |
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2460 (@var{family} @var{alternate-families}@dots{}) |
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2461 @end example |
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2462 |
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2463 If @var{family} is specified but not available, Emacs will try the other |
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2464 families given in @var{alternate-families}, one by one, until it finds a |
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2465 family that does exist. |
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2466 @end defvar |
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2467 |
33373 | 2468 @defvar face-font-registry-alternatives |
2469 @tindex face-font-registry-alternatives | |
2470 This variable lets you specify alternative font registries to try, if a | |
2471 given registry is specified and doesn't exist. Each element should have | |
2472 this form: | |
2473 | |
2474 @example | |
2475 (@var{registry} @var{alternate-registries}@dots{}) | |
2476 @end example | |
2477 | |
2478 If @var{registry} is specified but not available, Emacs will try the | |
2479 other registries given in @var{alternate-registries}, one by one, | |
2480 until it finds a registry that does exist. | |
2481 @end defvar | |
2482 | |
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2483 Emacs can make use of scalable fonts, but by default it does not use |
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2484 them, since the use of too many or too big scalable fonts can crash |
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2485 XFree86 servers. |
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2486 |
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2487 @defvar scalable-fonts-allowed |
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2488 @tindex scalable-fonts-allowed |
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2489 This variable controls which scalable fonts to use. A value of |
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2490 @code{nil}, the default, means do not use scalable fonts. @code{t} |
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2491 means to use any scalable font that seems appropriate for the text. |
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2492 |
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2493 Otherwise, the value must be a list of regular expressions. Then a |
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2494 scalable font is enabled for use if its name matches any regular |
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2495 expression in the list. For example, |
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2496 |
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2497 @example |
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2498 (setq scalable-fonts-allowed '("muleindian-2$")) |
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2499 @end example |
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2500 |
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2501 @noindent |
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2502 allows the use of scalable fonts with registry @code{muleindian-2}. |
26698
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2503 @end defvar |
25751
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2504 |
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2505 @defun clear-face-cache &optional unload-p |
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2506 @tindex clear-face-cache |
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2507 This function clears the face cache for all frames. |
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2508 If @var{unload-p} is non-@code{nil}, that means to unload |
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2509 all unused fonts as well. |
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2510 @end defun |
6598 | 2511 |
52002
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2512 @defvar face-font-rescale-alist |
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2513 This variable specifies scaling for certain faces. Its value should |
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2514 be a list of elements of the form |
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2515 |
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2516 @example |
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2517 (@var{fontname-regexp} . @var{scale-factor}) |
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2518 @end example |
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2519 |
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2520 If @var{fontname-regexp} matches the font name that is about to be |
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|
2521 used, this says to choose a larger similar font according to the |
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(Width): Use \s syntax in example.
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|
2522 factor @var{scale-factor}. You would use this feature to normalize |
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|
2523 the font size if certain fonts are bigger or smaller than their |
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|
2524 nominal heights and widths would suggest. |
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|
2525 @end defvar |
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|
2526 |
6598 | 2527 @node Face Functions |
2528 @subsection Functions for Working with Faces | |
2529 | |
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2530 Here are additional functions for creating and working with faces. |
6598 | 2531 |
2532 @defun make-face name | |
2533 This function defines a new face named @var{name}, initially with all | |
2534 attributes @code{nil}. It does nothing if there is already a face named | |
2535 @var{name}. | |
2536 @end defun | |
2537 | |
2538 @defun face-list | |
2539 This function returns a list of all defined face names. | |
2540 @end defun | |
2541 | |
2542 @defun copy-face old-face new-name &optional frame new-frame | |
60503
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2543 This function defines a face named @var{new-name} as a copy of the existing |
6598 | 2544 face named @var{old-face}. It creates the face @var{new-name} if that |
2545 doesn't already exist. | |
2546 | |
2547 If the optional argument @var{frame} is given, this function applies | |
2548 only to that frame. Otherwise it applies to each frame individually, | |
2549 copying attributes from @var{old-face} in each frame to @var{new-face} | |
2550 in the same frame. | |
2551 | |
2552 If the optional argument @var{new-frame} is given, then @code{copy-face} | |
2553 copies the attributes of @var{old-face} in @var{frame} to @var{new-name} | |
2554 in @var{new-frame}. | |
2555 @end defun | |
2556 | |
12098 | 2557 @defun face-id face |
21682
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2558 This function returns the face number of face @var{face}. |
6598 | 2559 @end defun |
2560 | |
22138
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2561 @defun face-documentation face |
21007
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2562 This function returns the documentation string of face @var{face}, or |
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2563 @code{nil} if none was specified for it. |
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2564 @end defun |
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2565 |
6598 | 2566 @defun face-equal face1 face2 &optional frame |
2567 This returns @code{t} if the faces @var{face1} and @var{face2} have the | |
2568 same attributes for display. | |
2569 @end defun | |
2570 | |
2571 @defun face-differs-from-default-p face &optional frame | |
55899
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-369
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2572 This returns non-@code{nil} if the face @var{face} displays |
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2573 differently from the default face. |
22252
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2574 @end defun |
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2575 |
63659
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(Face Functions): Mention face aliases.
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2576 @cindex face alias |
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(Face Functions): Mention face aliases.
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|
2577 A @dfn{face alias} provides an equivalent name for a face. You can |
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(Face Functions): Mention face aliases.
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2578 define a face alias by giving the alias symbol the @code{face-alias} |
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(Face Functions): Mention face aliases.
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2579 property, with a value of the target face name. The following example |
63734
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2580 makes @code{modeline} an alias for the @code{mode-line} face. |
63659
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2581 |
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(Face Functions): Mention face aliases.
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|
2582 @example |
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2583 (put 'modeline 'face-alias 'mode-line) |
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2584 @end example |
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2585 |
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2586 |
25751
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2587 @node Auto Faces |
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2588 @subsection Automatic Face Assignment |
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2589 @cindex automatic face assignment |
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2590 @cindex faces, automatic choice |
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2591 |
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2592 @cindex Font-Lock mode |
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2593 This hook is used for automatically assigning faces to text in the |
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2594 buffer. It is part of the implementation of Font-Lock mode. |
25751
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2595 |
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2596 @tindex fontification-functions |
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2597 @defvar fontification-functions |
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2598 This variable holds a list of functions that are called by Emacs |
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2599 redisplay as needed to assign faces automatically to text in the buffer. |
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2600 |
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2601 The functions are called in the order listed, with one argument, a |
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2602 buffer position @var{pos}. Each function should attempt to assign faces |
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2603 to the text in the current buffer starting at @var{pos}. |
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2604 |
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2605 Each function should record the faces they assign by setting the |
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2606 @code{face} property. It should also add a non-@code{nil} |
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2607 @code{fontified} property for all the text it has assigned faces to. |
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2608 That property tells redisplay that faces have been assigned to that text |
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2609 already. |
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2610 |
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2611 It is probably a good idea for each function to do nothing if the |
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2612 character after @var{pos} already has a non-@code{nil} @code{fontified} |
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2613 property, but this is not required. If one function overrides the |
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2614 assignments made by a previous one, the properties as they are |
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2615 after the last function finishes are the ones that really matter. |
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2616 |
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2617 For efficiency, we recommend writing these functions so that they |
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2618 usually assign faces to around 400 to 600 characters at each call. |
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2619 @end defvar |
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2620 |
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2621 @node Font Lookup |
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2622 @subsection Looking Up Fonts |
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2623 |
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2624 @defun x-list-fonts pattern &optional face frame maximum |
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2625 This function returns a list of available font names that match |
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2626 @var{pattern}. If the optional arguments @var{face} and @var{frame} are |
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2627 specified, then the list is limited to fonts that are the same size as |
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2628 @var{face} currently is on @var{frame}. |
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2629 |
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2630 The argument @var{pattern} should be a string, perhaps with wildcard |
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2631 characters: the @samp{*} character matches any substring, and the |
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2632 @samp{?} character matches any single character. Pattern matching |
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2633 of font names ignores case. |
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2634 |
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2635 If you specify @var{face} and @var{frame}, @var{face} should be a face name |
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2636 (a symbol) and @var{frame} should be a frame. |
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2637 |
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2638 The optional argument @var{maximum} sets a limit on how many fonts to |
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2639 return. If this is non-@code{nil}, then the return value is truncated |
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2640 after the first @var{maximum} matching fonts. Specifying a small value |
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2641 for @var{maximum} can make this function much faster, in cases where |
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2642 many fonts match the pattern. |
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2643 @end defun |
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2644 |
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2645 @defun x-family-fonts &optional family frame |
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2646 @tindex x-family-fonts |
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2647 This function returns a list describing the available fonts for family |
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2648 @var{family} on @var{frame}. If @var{family} is omitted or @code{nil}, |
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2649 this list applies to all families, and therefore, it contains all |
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2650 available fonts. Otherwise, @var{family} must be a string; it may |
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2651 contain the wildcards @samp{?} and @samp{*}. |
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2652 |
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2653 The list describes the display that @var{frame} is on; if @var{frame} is |
39404
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|
2654 omitted or @code{nil}, it applies to the selected frame's display |
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|
2655 (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
25751
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2656 |
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2657 The list contains a vector of the following form for each font: |
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2658 |
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2659 @example |
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2660 [@var{family} @var{width} @var{point-size} @var{weight} @var{slant} |
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2661 @var{fixed-p} @var{full} @var{registry-and-encoding}] |
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2662 @end example |
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2663 |
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2664 The first five elements correspond to face attributes; if you |
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2665 specify these attributes for a face, it will use this font. |
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2666 |
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2667 The last three elements give additional information about the font. |
51652
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2668 @var{fixed-p} is non-@code{nil} if the font is fixed-pitch. |
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2669 @var{full} is the full name of the font, and |
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|
2670 @var{registry-and-encoding} is a string giving the registry and |
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|
2671 encoding of the font. |
25751
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2672 |
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2673 The result list is sorted according to the current face font sort order. |
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|
2674 @end defun |
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|
2675 |
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2676 @defun x-font-family-list &optional frame |
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2677 @tindex x-font-family-list |
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2678 This function returns a list of the font families available for |
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|
2679 @var{frame}'s display. If @var{frame} is omitted or @code{nil}, it |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
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parents:
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|
2680 describes the selected frame's display (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
25751
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2681 |
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2682 The value is a list of elements of this form: |
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|
2683 |
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|
2684 @example |
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2685 (@var{family} . @var{fixed-p}) |
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|
2686 @end example |
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|
2687 |
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|
2688 @noindent |
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2689 Here @var{family} is a font family, and @var{fixed-p} is |
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2690 non-@code{nil} if fonts of that family are fixed-pitch. |
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|
2691 @end defun |
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|
2692 |
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|
2693 @defvar font-list-limit |
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2694 @tindex font-list-limit |
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2695 This variable specifies maximum number of fonts to consider in font |
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|
2696 matching. The function @code{x-family-fonts} will not return more than |
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|
2697 that many fonts, and font selection will consider only that many fonts |
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|
2698 when searching a matching font for face attributes. The default is |
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2699 currently 100. |
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|
2700 @end defvar |
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|
2701 |
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|
2702 @node Fontsets |
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|
2703 @subsection Fontsets |
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2704 |
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2705 A @dfn{fontset} is a list of fonts, each assigned to a range of |
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|
2706 character codes. An individual font cannot display the whole range of |
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2707 characters that Emacs supports, but a fontset can. Fontsets have names, |
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2708 just as fonts do, and you can use a fontset name in place of a font name |
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|
2709 when you specify the ``font'' for a frame or a face. Here is |
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|
2710 information about defining a fontset under Lisp program control. |
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|
2711 |
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|
2712 @defun create-fontset-from-fontset-spec fontset-spec &optional style-variant-p noerror |
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|
2713 This function defines a new fontset according to the specification |
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|
2714 string @var{fontset-spec}. The string should have this format: |
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|
2715 |
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|
2716 @smallexample |
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2717 @var{fontpattern}, @r{[}@var{charsetname}:@var{fontname}@r{]@dots{}} |
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|
2718 @end smallexample |
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|
2719 |
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|
2720 @noindent |
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|
2721 Whitespace characters before and after the commas are ignored. |
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|
2722 |
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|
2723 The first part of the string, @var{fontpattern}, should have the form of |
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|
2724 a standard X font name, except that the last two fields should be |
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|
2725 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}}. |
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|
2726 |
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|
2727 The new fontset has two names, one long and one short. The long name is |
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|
2728 @var{fontpattern} in its entirety. The short name is |
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|
2729 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}}. You can refer to the fontset by either |
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|
2730 name. If a fontset with the same name already exists, an error is |
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|
2731 signaled, unless @var{noerror} is non-@code{nil}, in which case this |
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|
2732 function does nothing. |
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|
2733 |
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|
2734 If optional argument @var{style-variant-p} is non-@code{nil}, that says |
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|
2735 to create bold, italic and bold-italic variants of the fontset as well. |
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|
2736 These variant fontsets do not have a short name, only a long one, which |
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|
2737 is made by altering @var{fontpattern} to indicate the bold or italic |
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|
2738 status. |
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|
2739 |
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|
2740 The specification string also says which fonts to use in the fontset. |
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|
2741 See below for the details. |
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|
2742 @end defun |
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|
2743 |
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|
2744 The construct @samp{@var{charset}:@var{font}} specifies which font to |
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|
2745 use (in this fontset) for one particular character set. Here, |
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|
2746 @var{charset} is the name of a character set, and @var{font} is the font |
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|
2747 to use for that character set. You can use this construct any number of |
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|
2748 times in the specification string. |
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|
2749 |
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|
2750 For the remaining character sets, those that you don't specify |
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|
2751 explicitly, Emacs chooses a font based on @var{fontpattern}: it replaces |
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|
2752 @samp{fontset-@var{alias}} with a value that names one character set. |
52978
1a5c50faf357
Replace @sc{foo} with @acronym{FOO}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52940
diff
changeset
|
2753 For the @acronym{ASCII} character set, @samp{fontset-@var{alias}} is replaced |
25751
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|
2754 with @samp{ISO8859-1}. |
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|
2755 |
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|
2756 In addition, when several consecutive fields are wildcards, Emacs |
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|
2757 collapses them into a single wildcard. This is to prevent use of |
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|
2758 auto-scaled fonts. Fonts made by scaling larger fonts are not usable |
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|
2759 for editing, and scaling a smaller font is not useful because it is |
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|
2760 better to use the smaller font in its own size, which Emacs does. |
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|
2761 |
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|
2762 Thus if @var{fontpattern} is this, |
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|
2763 |
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|
2764 @example |
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|
2765 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-*-*-*-*-fontset-24 |
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|
2766 @end example |
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|
2767 |
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|
2768 @noindent |
52978
1a5c50faf357
Replace @sc{foo} with @acronym{FOO}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
52940
diff
changeset
|
2769 the font specification for @acronym{ASCII} characters would be this: |
25751
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|
2770 |
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|
2771 @example |
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|
2772 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-ISO8859-1 |
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|
2773 @end example |
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|
2774 |
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|
2775 @noindent |
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|
2776 and the font specification for Chinese GB2312 characters would be this: |
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|
2777 |
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|
2778 @example |
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|
2779 -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-gb2312*-* |
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|
2780 @end example |
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|
2781 |
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|
2782 You may not have any Chinese font matching the above font |
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|
2783 specification. Most X distributions include only Chinese fonts that |
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|
2784 have @samp{song ti} or @samp{fangsong ti} in the @var{family} field. In |
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|
2785 such a case, @samp{Fontset-@var{n}} can be specified as below: |
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|
2786 |
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|
2787 @smallexample |
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|
2788 Emacs.Fontset-0: -*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-*-*-*-*-fontset-24,\ |
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|
2789 chinese-gb2312:-*-*-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-gb2312*-* |
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|
2790 @end smallexample |
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|
2791 |
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|
2792 @noindent |
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|
2793 Then, the font specifications for all but Chinese GB2312 characters have |
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|
2794 @samp{fixed} in the @var{family} field, and the font specification for |
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|
2795 Chinese GB2312 characters has a wild card @samp{*} in the @var{family} |
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|
2796 field. |
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|
2797 |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2798 @defun set-fontset-font name character fontname &optional frame |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2799 This function modifies the existing fontset @var{name} to |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2800 use the font name @var{fontname} for the character @var{character}. |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2801 |
52940
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2802 If @var{name} is @code{nil}, this function modifies the default |
54023 | 2803 fontset, whose short name is @samp{fontset-default}. |
52940
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2804 |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2805 @var{character} may be a cons; @code{(@var{from} . @var{to})}, where |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2806 @var{from} and @var{to} are non-generic characters. In that case, use |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2807 @var{fontname} for all characters in the range @var{from} and @var{to} |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2808 (inclusive). |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2809 |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2810 @var{character} may be a charset. In that case, use |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2811 @var{fontname} for all character in the charsets. |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2812 |
52940
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2813 @var{fontname} may be a cons; @code{(@var{family} . @var{registry})}, |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2814 where @var{family} is a family name of a font (possibly including a |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2815 foundry name at the head), @var{registry} is a registry name of a font |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2816 (possibly including an encoding name at the tail). |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2817 |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2818 For instance, this changes the default fontset to use a font of which |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2819 registry name is @samp{JISX0208.1983} for all characters belonging to |
cac3cb68235c
(Fontsets): Fix texinfo usage.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52932
diff
changeset
|
2820 the charset @code{japanese-jisx0208}. |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2821 |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
2822 @smallexample |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2823 (set-fontset-font nil 'japanese-jisx0208 '(nil . "JISX0208.1983")) |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
2824 @end smallexample |
52932
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2825 @end defun |
eb3f1895daff
(Fontsets): Add description of the function set-fontset-font.
Kenichi Handa <handa@m17n.org>
parents:
52923
diff
changeset
|
2826 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2827 @defun char-displayable-p char |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2828 This function returns @code{t} if Emacs ought to be able to display |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2829 @var{char}. More precisely, if the selected frame's fontset has a |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2830 font to display the character set that @var{char} belongs to. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2831 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2832 Fontsets can specify a font on a per-character basis; when the fontset |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2833 does that, this function's value may not be accurate. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2834 @end defun |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
2835 |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2836 @node Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2837 @section Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2838 @cindex Fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2839 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2840 The @dfn{fringes} of a window are thin vertical strips down the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2841 sides that are used for displaying bitmaps that indicate truncation, |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2842 continuation, horizontal scrolling, and the overlay arrow. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2843 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2844 @menu |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2845 * Fringe Size/Pos:: Specifying where to put the window fringes. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2846 * Fringe Bitmaps:: Displaying bitmaps in the window fringes. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2847 * Customizing Bitmaps:: Specifying your own bitmaps to use in the fringes. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2848 * Overlay Arrow:: Display of an arrow to indicate position. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2849 @end menu |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2850 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2851 @node Fringe Size/Pos |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2852 @subsection Fringe Size and Position |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2853 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2854 Here's how to control the position and width of the window fringes. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2855 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2856 @defvar fringes-outside-margins |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2857 If the value is non-@code{nil}, the frames appear outside the display |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2858 margins. The fringes normally appear between the display margins and |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2859 the window text. It works to set @code{fringes-outside-margins} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2860 buffer-locally. @xref{Display Margins}. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2861 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2862 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2863 @defvar left-fringe-width |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2864 This variable, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the width of the left |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2865 fringe in pixels. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2866 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2867 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2868 @defvar right-fringe-width |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2869 This variable, if non-@code{nil}, specifies the width of the right |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2870 fringe in pixels. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2871 @end defvar |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2872 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2873 The values of these variables take effect when you display the |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2874 buffer in a window. If you change them while the buffer is visible, |
54023 | 2875 you can call @code{set-window-buffer} to display it once again in the |
2876 same window, to make the changes take effect. | |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2877 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2878 @defun set-window-fringes window left &optional right outside-margins |
54023 | 2879 This function sets the fringe widths of window @var{window}. |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2880 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2881 |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2882 The argument @var{left} specifies the width in pixels of the left |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2883 fringe, and likewise @var{right} for the right fringe. A value of |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2884 @code{nil} for either one stands for the default width. If |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2885 @var{outside-margins} is non-@code{nil}, that specifies that fringes |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2886 should appear outside of the display margins. |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2887 @end defun |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2888 |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2889 @defun window-fringes &optional window |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2890 This function returns information about the fringes of a window |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2891 @var{window}. If @var{window} is omitted or @code{nil}, the selected |
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
2892 window is used. The value has the form @code{(@var{left-width} |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2893 @var{right-width} @var{outside-margins})}. |
52141
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2894 @end defun |
a5d4d0a7b284
(Warnings): New node, and subnodes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52002
diff
changeset
|
2895 |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2896 @defvar overflow-newline-into-fringe |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2897 If this is non-@code{nil}, lines exactly as wide as the window (not |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2898 counting the final newline character) are not continued. Instead, |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2899 when point is at the end of the line, the cursor appears in the right |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2900 fringe. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2901 @end defvar |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2902 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2903 @node Fringe Bitmaps |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2904 @subsection Fringe Bitmaps |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2905 @cindex fringe bitmaps |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2906 @cindex bitmaps, fringe |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2907 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2908 The @dfn{fringe bitmaps} are tiny icons Emacs displays in the window |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2909 fringe (on a graphic display) to indicate truncated or continued |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2910 lines, buffer boundaries, overlay arrow, etc. The fringe bitmaps are |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2911 shared by all frames and windows. You can redefine the built-in |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2912 fringe bitmaps, and you can define new fringe bitmaps. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2913 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2914 The way to display a bitmap in the left or right fringes for a given |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2915 line in a window is by specifying the @code{display} property for one |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2916 of the characters that appears in it. Use a display specification of |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2917 the form @code{(left-fringe @var{bitmap} [@var{face}])} or |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2918 @code{(right-fringe @var{bitmap} [@var{face}])} (@pxref{Display |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2919 Property}). Here, @var{bitmap} is a symbol identifying the bitmap you |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2920 want, and @var{face} (which is optional) is the name of the face whose |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2921 colors should be used for displaying the bitmap, instead of the |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2922 default @code{fringe} face. @var{face} is automatically merged with |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2923 the @code{fringe} face, so normally @var{face} need only specify the |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
2924 foreground color for the bitmap. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2925 |
63733
7cbe9f7cc3cc
(Face Functions): Correct Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63691
diff
changeset
|
2926 These symbols identify the standard fringe bitmaps. Evaluate |
7cbe9f7cc3cc
(Face Functions): Correct Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63691
diff
changeset
|
2927 @code{(require 'fringe)} to define them. Fringe bitmap symbols have |
7cbe9f7cc3cc
(Face Functions): Correct Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63691
diff
changeset
|
2928 their own name space. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2929 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2930 @table @asis |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2931 @item Truncation and continuation line bitmaps: |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2932 @code{left-truncation}, @code{right-truncation}, |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2933 @code{continued-line}, @code{continuation-line}. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2934 |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2935 @item Buffer indication bitmaps: |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2936 @code{up-arrow}, @code{down-arrow}, |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2937 @code{top-left-angle}, @code{top-right-angle}, |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2938 @code{bottom-left-angle}, @code{bottom-right-angle}, |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2939 @code{left-bracket}, @code{right-bracket}. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2940 |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2941 @item Empty line indication bitmap: |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2942 @code{empty-line}. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2943 |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2944 @item Overlay arrow bitmap: |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2945 @code{overlay-arrow}. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
2946 |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2947 @item Bitmaps for displaying the cursor in right fringe: |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2948 @code{filled-box-cursor}, @code{hollow-box-cursor}, @code{hollow-square}, |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2949 @code{bar-cursor}, @code{hbar-cursor}. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2950 @end table |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2951 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2952 @defun fringe-bitmaps-at-pos &optional pos window |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2953 This function returns the fringe bitmaps of the display line |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2954 containing position @var{pos} in window @var{window}. The return |
57331
c02ec4a1158e
(Fringe Bitmaps): Update fringe-bitmaps-at-pos.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57274
diff
changeset
|
2955 value has the form @code{(@var{left} @var{right} @var{ov})}, where @var{left} |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2956 is the symbol for the fringe bitmap in the left fringe (or @code{nil} |
57331
c02ec4a1158e
(Fringe Bitmaps): Update fringe-bitmaps-at-pos.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57274
diff
changeset
|
2957 if no bitmap), @var{right} is similar for the right fringe, and @var{ov} |
c02ec4a1158e
(Fringe Bitmaps): Update fringe-bitmaps-at-pos.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57274
diff
changeset
|
2958 is non-@code{nil} if there is an overlay arrow in the left fringe. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2959 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2960 The value is @code{nil} if @var{pos} is not visible in @var{window}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2961 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, that stands for the selected window. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2962 If @var{pos} is @code{nil}, that stands for the value of point in |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2963 @var{window}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2964 @end defun |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2965 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2966 @node Customizing Bitmaps |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
2967 @subsection Customizing Fringe Bitmaps |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2968 |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2969 @defun define-fringe-bitmap bitmap bits &optional height width align |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2970 This function defines the symbol @var{bitmap} as a new fringe bitmap, |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2971 or replaces an existing bitmap with that name. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2972 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2973 The argument @var{bits} specifies the image to use. It should be |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2974 either a string or a vector of integers, where each element (an |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2975 integer) corresponds to one row of the bitmap. Each bit of an integer |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2976 corresponds to one pixel of the bitmap, where the low bit corresponds |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2977 to the rightmost pixel of the bitmap. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2978 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2979 The height is normally the length of @var{bits}. However, you |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2980 can specify a different height with non-@code{nil} @var{height}. The width |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2981 is normally 8, but you can specify a different width with non-@code{nil} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2982 @var{width}. The width must be an integer between 1 and 16. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2983 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2984 The argument @var{align} specifies the positioning of the bitmap |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2985 relative to the range of rows where it is used; the default is to |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2986 center the bitmap. The allowed values are @code{top}, @code{center}, |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2987 or @code{bottom}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2988 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2989 The @var{align} argument may also be a list @code{(@var{align} |
57225 | 2990 @var{periodic})} where @var{align} is interpreted as described above. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2991 If @var{periodic} is non-@code{nil}, it specifies that the rows in |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2992 @code{bits} should be repeated enough times to reach the specified |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2993 height. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2994 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2995 The return value on success is an integer identifying the new bitmap. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
2996 You should save that integer in a variable so it can be used to select |
57274
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2997 this bitmap. |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2998 |
271dfa08c2d0
(Fringe Bitmaps): Use symbols rather than numbers
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
57225
diff
changeset
|
2999 This function signals an error if there are no more free bitmap slots. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3000 @end defun |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3001 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3002 @defun destroy-fringe-bitmap bitmap |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3003 This function destroy the fringe bitmap identified by @var{bitmap}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3004 If @var{bitmap} identifies a standard fringe bitmap, it actually |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3005 restores the standard definition of that bitmap, instead of |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3006 eliminating it entirely. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3007 @end defun |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3008 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3009 @defun set-fringe-bitmap-face bitmap &optional face |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3010 This sets the face for the fringe bitmap @var{bitmap} to @var{face}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3011 If @var{face} is @code{nil}, it selects the @code{fringe} face. The |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3012 bitmap's face controls the color to draw it in. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3013 |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3014 @var{face} is merged with the @code{fringe} face, so normally |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3015 @var{face} should specify only the foreground color. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3016 @end defun |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3017 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3018 @node Overlay Arrow |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3019 @subsection The Overlay Arrow |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3020 @cindex overlay arrow |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3021 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3022 The @dfn{overlay arrow} is useful for directing the user's attention |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3023 to a particular line in a buffer. For example, in the modes used for |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3024 interface to debuggers, the overlay arrow indicates the line of code |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3025 about to be executed. This feature has nothing to do with |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3026 @dfn{overlays} (@pxref{Overlays}). |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3027 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3028 @defvar overlay-arrow-string |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3029 This variable holds the string to display to call attention to a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3030 particular line, or @code{nil} if the arrow feature is not in use. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3031 On a graphical display the contents of the string are ignored; instead a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3032 glyph is displayed in the fringe area to the left of the display area. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3033 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3034 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3035 @defvar overlay-arrow-position |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3036 This variable holds a marker that indicates where to display the overlay |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3037 arrow. It should point at the beginning of a line. On a non-graphical |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3038 display the arrow text |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3039 appears at the beginning of that line, overlaying any text that would |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3040 otherwise appear. Since the arrow is usually short, and the line |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3041 usually begins with indentation, normally nothing significant is |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3042 overwritten. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3043 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3044 The overlay string is displayed only in the buffer that this marker |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3045 points into. Thus, only one buffer can have an overlay arrow at any |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3046 given time. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3047 @c !!! overlay-arrow-position: but the overlay string may remain in the display |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3048 @c of some other buffer until an update is required. This should be fixed |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3049 @c now. Is it? |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3050 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3051 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3052 You can do a similar job by creating an overlay with a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3053 @code{before-string} property. @xref{Overlay Properties}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3054 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3055 You can define multiple overlay arrows via the variable |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3056 @code{overlay-arrow-variable-list}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3057 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3058 @defvar overlay-arrow-variable-list |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
3059 This variable's value is a list of variables, each of which specifies |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3060 the position of an overlay arrow. The variable |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3061 @code{overlay-arrow-position} has its normal meaning because it is on |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3062 this list. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3063 @end defvar |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3064 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3065 Each variable on this list can have properties |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3066 @code{overlay-arrow-string} and @code{overlay-arrow-bitmap} that |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3067 specify an overlay arrow string (for text-only terminals) or fringe |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3068 bitmap (for graphical terminals) to display at the corresponding |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3069 overlay arrow position. If either property is not set, the default |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3070 (@code{overlay-arrow-string} or @code{overlay-arrow-fringe-bitmap}) is |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3071 used. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3072 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3073 @node Scroll Bars |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3074 @section Scroll Bars |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3075 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3076 Normally the frame parameter @code{vertical-scroll-bars} controls |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3077 whether the windows in the frame have vertical scroll bars, and |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3078 whether they are on the left or right. The frame parameter |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3079 @code{scroll-bar-width} specifies how wide they are (@code{nil} |
64877
573bd827cef9
(Line Height, Scroll Bars): Fix xrefs.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
64841
diff
changeset
|
3080 meaning the default). @xref{Layout Parameters}. |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3081 |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3082 @defun frame-current-scroll-bars &optional frame |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3083 This function reports the scroll bar type settings for frame |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3084 @var{frame}. The value is a cons cell |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3085 @code{(@var{vertical-type} .@: @var{horizontal-type})}, where |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3086 @var{vertical-type} is either @code{left}, @code{right}, or @code{nil} |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3087 (which means no scroll bar.) @var{horizontal-type} is meant to |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3088 specify the horizontal scroll bar type, but since they are not |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3089 implemented, it is always @code{nil}. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3090 @end defun |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3091 |
58883
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3092 @vindex vertical-scroll-bar |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3093 You can enable or disable scroll bars for a particular buffer, |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3094 by setting the variable @code{vertical-scroll-bar}. This variable |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3095 automatically becomes buffer-local when set. The possible values are |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3096 @code{left}, @code{right}, @code{t}, which means to use the |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3097 frame's default, and @code{nil} for no scroll bar. |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3098 |
eb1bd3031b13
(Display): Add node "Line Height" to menu.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
58496
diff
changeset
|
3099 You can also control this for individual windows. Call the function |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3100 @code{set-window-scroll-bars} to specify what to do for a specific window: |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3101 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3102 @defun set-window-scroll-bars window width &optional vertical-type horizontal-type |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3103 This function sets the width and type of scroll bars for window |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3104 @var{window}. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3105 |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3106 @var{width} specifies the scroll bar width in pixels (@code{nil} means |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3107 use the width specified for the frame). @var{vertical-type} specifies |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3108 whether to have a vertical scroll bar and, if so, where. The possible |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3109 values are @code{left}, @code{right} and @code{nil}, just like the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3110 values of the @code{vertical-scroll-bars} frame parameter. |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3111 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3112 The argument @var{horizontal-type} is meant to specify whether and |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3113 where to have horizontal scroll bars, but since they are not |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3114 implemented, it has no effect. If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3115 selected window is used. |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3116 @end defun |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3117 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3118 @defun window-scroll-bars &optional window |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3119 Report the width and type of scroll bars specified for @var{window}. |
53929
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
3120 If @var{window} is omitted or @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
3ef7a4a3c230
(Fringes): Use consistent wording.
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
53829
diff
changeset
|
3121 The value is a list of the form @code{(@var{width} |
52483
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3122 @var{cols} @var{vertical-type} @var{horizontal-type})}. The value |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3123 @var{width} is the value that was specified for the width (which may |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3124 be @code{nil}); @var{cols} is the number of columns that the scroll |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3125 bar actually occupies. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3126 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3127 @var{horizontal-type} is not actually meaningful. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3128 @end defun |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3129 |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3130 If you don't specify these values for a window with |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3131 @code{set-window-scroll-bars}, the buffer-local variables |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3132 @code{scroll-bar-mode} and @code{scroll-bar-width} in the buffer being |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3133 displayed control the window's vertical scroll bars. The function |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3134 @code{set-window-buffer} examines these variables. If you change them |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3135 in a buffer that is already visible in a window, you can make the |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3136 window take note of the new values by calling @code{set-window-buffer} |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3137 specifying the same buffer that is already displayed. |
3bbb565fa7ac
(Fontsets): Add char-displayable-p.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
52401
diff
changeset
|
3138 |
58496
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3139 @defvar scroll-bar-mode |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3140 This variable, always local in all buffers, controls whether and where |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3141 to put scroll bars in windows displaying the buffer. The possible values |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3142 are @code{nil} for no scroll bar, @code{left} to put a scroll bar on |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3143 the left, and @code{right} to put a scroll bar on the right. |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3144 @end defvar |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3145 |
60958
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3146 @defun window-current-scroll-bars &optional window |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3147 This function reports the scroll bar type for window @var{window}. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3148 If @var{window} is omitted or @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3149 The value is a cons cell |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3150 @code{(@var{vertical-type} .@: @var{horizontal-type})}. Unlike |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3151 @code{window-scroll-bars}, this reports the scroll bar type actually |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3152 used, once frame defaults and @code{scroll-bar-mode} are taken into |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3153 account. |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3154 @end defun |
85b21e63d5d4
(Standard Faces, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Cleanup previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60868
diff
changeset
|
3155 |
58496
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3156 @defvar scroll-bar-width |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3157 This variable, always local in all buffers, specifies the width of the |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3158 buffer's scroll bars, measured in pixels. A value of @code{nil} means |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3159 to use the value specified by the frame. |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3160 @end defvar |
c6040c1274b7
(Customizing Bitmaps): Move indicate-buffer-boundaries
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
58371
diff
changeset
|
3161 |
57201
2950fcfcfa44
Correct various typos.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
57193
diff
changeset
|
3162 @node Pointer Shape |
2950fcfcfa44
Correct various typos.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
57193
diff
changeset
|
3163 @section Pointer Shape |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3164 |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3165 Normally, the mouse pointer has the @code{text} shape over text and |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3166 the @code{arrow} shape over window areas which do not correspond to |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3167 any buffer text. You can specify the mouse pointer shape over text or |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3168 images via the @code{pointer} text property, and for images with the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3169 @code{:pointer} and @code{:map} image properties. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3170 |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3171 The available pointer shapes are: @code{text} (or @code{nil}), |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3172 @code{arrow}, @code{hand}, @code{vdrag}, @code{hdrag}, |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3173 @code{modeline}, and @code{hourglass}. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3174 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3175 @defvar void-text-area-pointer |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3176 @tindex void-text-area-pointer |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3177 This variable specifies the mouse pointer shape in void text areas, |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3178 i.e. the areas after the end of a line or below the last line in the |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3179 buffer. The default is to use the @code{arrow} (non-text) pointer. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3180 @end defvar |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3181 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3182 @node Display Property |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3183 @section The @code{display} Property |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3184 @cindex display specification |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3185 @kindex display @r{(text property)} |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3186 |
25875 | 3187 The @code{display} text property (or overlay property) is used to |
3188 insert images into text, and also control other aspects of how text | |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
3189 displays. The value of the @code{display} property should be a |
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
3190 display specification, or a list or vector containing several display |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3191 specifications. |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3192 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3193 Some kinds of @code{display} properties specify something to display |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3194 instead of the text that has the property. In this case, ``the text'' |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3195 means all the consecutive characters that have the same Lisp object as |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3196 their @code{display} property; these characters are replaced as a |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3197 single unit. By contrast, characters that have similar but distinct |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3198 Lisp objects as their @code{display} properties are handled |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3199 separately. Here's a function that illustrates this point: |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3200 |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3201 @smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3202 (defun foo () |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3203 (goto-char (point-min)) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3204 (dotimes (i 5) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3205 (let ((string (concat "A"))) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3206 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3207 (forward-char 1) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3208 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3209 (forward-char 1)))) |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3210 @end smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3211 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3212 @noindent |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3213 It gives each of the first ten characters in the buffer string |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3214 @code{"A"} as the @code{display} property, but they don't all get the |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3215 same string. The first two characters get the same string, so they |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3216 together are replaced with one @samp{A}. The next two characters get |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3217 a second string, so they together are replaced with one @samp{A}. |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3218 Likewise for each following pair of characters. Thus, the ten |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3219 characters appear as five A's. This function would have the same |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3220 results: |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3221 |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3222 @smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3223 (defun foo () |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3224 (goto-char (point-min)) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3225 (dotimes (i 5) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3226 (let ((string (concat "A"))) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3227 (put-text-property (point) (2+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3228 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point)) 'display string) |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3229 (forward-char 2)))) |
63583
99e9892a51d9
Fix formatting ugliness.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
63134
diff
changeset
|
3230 @end smallexample |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3231 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3232 @noindent |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3233 This illustrates that what matters is the property value for |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3234 each character. If two consecutive characters have the same |
61980
f3d536670495
Fix typos and Texinfo usage.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
61972
diff
changeset
|
3235 object as the @code{display} property value, it's irrelevant |
60676
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3236 whether they got this property from a single call to |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3237 @code{put-text-property} or from two different calls. |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3238 |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60509
diff
changeset
|
3239 The rest of this section describes several kinds of |
60442
747b9fc72d5e
(Forcing Redisplay): Get rid of "Emacs 21".
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60218
diff
changeset
|
3240 display specifications and what they mean. |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3241 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3242 @menu |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
3243 * Specified Space:: Displaying one space with a specified width. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3244 * Pixel Specification:: Specifying space width or height in pixels. |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53422
diff
changeset
|
3245 * Other Display Specs:: Displaying an image; magnifying text; moving it |
49600
23a1cea22d13
Trailing whitespace deleted.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
48948
diff
changeset
|
3246 up or down on the page; adjusting the width |
25875 | 3247 of spaces within text. |
3248 * Display Margins:: Displaying text or images to the side of the main text. | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3249 @end menu |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3250 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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3251 @node Specified Space |
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3252 @subsection Specified Spaces |
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3253 @cindex spaces, specified height or width |
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3254 @cindex specified spaces |
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3255 @cindex variable-width spaces |
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3256 |
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3257 To display a space of specified width and/or height, use a display |
25875 | 3258 specification of the form @code{(space . @var{props})}, where |
3259 @var{props} is a property list (a list of alternating properties and | |
3260 values). You can put this property on one or more consecutive | |
3261 characters; a space of the specified height and width is displayed in | |
3262 place of @emph{all} of those characters. These are the properties you | |
44281 | 3263 can use in @var{props} to specify the weight of the space: |
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3264 |
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3265 @table @code |
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3266 @item :width @var{width} |
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3267 If @var{width} is an integer or floating point number, it specifies |
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3268 that the space width should be @var{width} times the normal character |
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3269 width. @var{width} can also be a @dfn{pixel width} specification |
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3270 (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
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3271 |
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3272 @item :relative-width @var{factor} |
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3273 Specifies that the width of the stretch should be computed from the |
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3274 first character in the group of consecutive characters that have the |
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3275 same @code{display} property. The space width is the width of that |
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3276 character, multiplied by @var{factor}. |
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3277 |
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3278 @item :align-to @var{hpos} |
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3279 Specifies that the space should be wide enough to reach @var{hpos}. |
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3280 If @var{hpos} is a number, it is measured in units of the normal |
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3281 character width. @var{hpos} can also be a @dfn{pixel width} |
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3282 specification (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
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3283 @end table |
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3284 |
44281 | 3285 You should use one and only one of the above properties. You can |
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3286 also specify the height of the space, with these properties: |
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3287 |
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3288 @table @code |
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3289 @item :height @var{height} |
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3290 Specifies the height of the space. |
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3291 If @var{height} is an integer or floating point number, it specifies |
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3292 that the space height should be @var{height} times the normal character |
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3293 height. The @var{height} may also be a @dfn{pixel height} specification |
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3294 (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
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3295 |
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3296 @item :relative-height @var{factor} |
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3297 Specifies the height of the space, multiplying the ordinary height |
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3298 of the text having this display specification by @var{factor}. |
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3299 |
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3300 @item :ascent @var{ascent} |
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3301 If the value of @var{ascent} is a non-negative number no greater than |
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3302 100, it specifies that @var{ascent} percent of the height of the space |
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3303 should be considered as the ascent of the space---that is, the part |
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3304 above the baseline. The ascent may also be specified in pixel units |
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3305 with a @dfn{pixel ascent} specification (@pxref{Pixel Specification}). |
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3306 |
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3307 @end table |
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3308 |
44281 | 3309 Don't use both @code{:height} and @code{:relative-height} together. |
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3310 |
60509
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3311 The @code{:width} and @code{:align-to} properties are supported on |
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3312 non-graphic terminals, but the other space properties in this section |
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3313 are not. |
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3314 |
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3315 @node Pixel Specification |
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3316 @subsection Pixel Specification for Spaces |
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3317 @cindex spaces, pixel specification |
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3318 |
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3319 The value of the @code{:width}, @code{:align-to}, @code{:height}, |
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3320 and @code{:ascent} properties can be a special kind of expression that |
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3321 is evaluated during redisplay. The result of the evaluation is used |
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3322 as an absolute number of pixels. |
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3323 |
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3324 The following expressions are supported: |
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3325 |
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3326 @smallexample |
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3327 @group |
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3328 @var{expr} ::= @var{num} | (@var{num}) | @var{unit} | @var{elem} | @var{pos} | @var{image} | @var{form} |
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3329 @var{num} ::= @var{integer} | @var{float} | @var{symbol} |
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3330 @var{unit} ::= in | mm | cm | width | height |
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3331 @end group |
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3332 @group |
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3333 @var{elem} ::= left-fringe | right-fringe | left-margin | right-margin |
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3334 | scroll-bar | text |
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3335 @var{pos} ::= left | center | right |
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3336 @var{form} ::= (@var{num} . @var{expr}) | (@var{op} @var{expr} ...) |
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3337 @var{op} ::= + | - |
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3338 @end group |
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3339 @end smallexample |
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3340 |
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3341 The form @var{num} specifies a fraction of the default frame font |
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3342 height or width. The form @code{(@var{num})} specifies an absolute |
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3343 number of pixels. If @var{num} is a symbol, @var{symbol}, its |
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3344 buffer-local variable binding is used. |
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3345 |
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|
3346 The @code{in}, @code{mm}, and @code{cm} units specify the number of |
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3347 pixels per inch, millimeter, and centimeter, respectively. The |
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3348 @code{width} and @code{height} units correspond to the default width |
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3349 and height of the current face. An image specification @code{image} |
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3350 corresponds to the width or height of the image. |
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3351 |
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3352 The @code{left-fringe}, @code{right-fringe}, @code{left-margin}, |
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3353 @code{right-margin}, @code{scroll-bar}, and @code{text} elements |
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3354 specify to the width of the corresponding area of the window. |
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3355 |
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|
3356 The @code{left}, @code{center}, and @code{right} positions can be |
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3357 used with @code{:align-to} to specify a position relative to the left |
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3358 edge, center, or right edge of the text area. |
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3359 |
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|
3360 Any of the above window elements (except @code{text}) can also be |
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3361 used with @code{:align-to} to specify that the position is relative to |
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3362 the left edge of the given area. Once the base offset for a relative |
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3363 position has been set (by the first occurrence of one of these |
57225 | 3364 symbols), further occurrences of these symbols are interpreted as the |
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|
3365 width of the specified area. For example, to align to the center of |
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3366 the left-margin, use |
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3367 |
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|
3368 @example |
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|
3369 :align-to (+ left-margin (0.5 . left-margin)) |
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|
3370 @end example |
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3371 |
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|
3372 If no specific base offset is set for alignment, it is always relative |
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|
3373 to the left edge of the text area. For example, @samp{:align-to 0} in a |
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3374 header-line aligns with the first text column in the text area. |
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|
3375 |
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|
3376 A value of the form @code{(@var{num} . @var{expr})} stands for the |
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|
3377 product of the values of @var{num} and @var{expr}. For example, |
57221
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parents:
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|
3378 @code{(2 . in)} specifies a width of 2 inches, while @code{(0.5 . |
60503
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parents:
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|
3379 @var{image})} specifies half the width (or height) of the specified |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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parents:
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|
3380 image. |
57221
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|
3381 |
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|
3382 The form @code{(+ @var{expr} ...)} adds up the value of the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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|
3383 expressions. The form @code{(- @var{expr} ...)} negates or subtracts |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
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|
3384 the value of the expressions. |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
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parents:
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|
3385 |
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3386 @node Other Display Specs |
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3387 @subsection Other Display Specifications |
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3388 |
57221
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|
3389 Here are the other sorts of display specifications that you can use |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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diff
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|
3390 in the @code{display} text property. |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
3391 |
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3392 @table @code |
60676
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(Display Property): Explain the significance
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3393 @item @var{string} |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
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parents:
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|
3394 Display @var{string} instead of the text that has this property. |
44c74c24feca
(Display Property): Explain the significance
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|
3395 |
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3396 @item (image . @var{image-props}) |
63583
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Fix formatting ugliness.
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|
3397 This kind of display specification is an image descriptor (@pxref{Images}). |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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parents:
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|
3398 When used as a display specification, it means to display the image |
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|
3399 instead of the text that has the display specification. |
25751
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3400 |
57193
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parents:
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|
3401 @item (slice @var{x} @var{y} @var{width} @var{height}) |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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|
3402 This specification together with @code{image} specifies a @dfn{slice} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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|
3403 (a partial area) of the image to display. The elements @var{y} and |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
3404 @var{x} specify the top left corner of the slice, within the image; |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3405 @var{width} and @var{height} specify the width and height of the |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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changeset
|
3406 slice. Integer values are numbers of pixels. A floating point number |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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changeset
|
3407 in the range 0.0--1.0 stands for that fraction of the width or height |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
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parents:
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diff
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|
3408 of the entire image. |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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diff
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|
3409 |
32467 | 3410 @item ((margin nil) @var{string}) |
3411 @itemx @var{string} | |
3412 A display specification of this form means to display @var{string} | |
3413 instead of the text that has the display specification, at the same | |
3414 position as that text. This is a special case of marginal display | |
3415 (@pxref{Display Margins}). | |
3416 | |
44281 | 3417 Recursive display specifications are not supported---string display |
3418 specifications must not have @code{display} properties themselves. | |
36935 | 3419 |
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3420 @item (space-width @var{factor}) |
25875 | 3421 This display specification affects all the space characters within the |
3422 text that has the specification. It displays all of these spaces | |
3423 @var{factor} times as wide as normal. The element @var{factor} should | |
3424 be an integer or float. Characters other than spaces are not affected | |
3425 at all; in particular, this has no effect on tab characters. | |
25751
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3426 |
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3427 @item (height @var{height}) |
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|
3428 This display specification makes the text taller or shorter. |
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|
3429 Here are the possibilities for @var{height}: |
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|
3430 |
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|
3431 @table @asis |
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3432 @item @code{(+ @var{n})} |
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|
3433 This means to use a font that is @var{n} steps larger. A ``step'' is |
25875 | 3434 defined by the set of available fonts---specifically, those that match |
3435 what was otherwise specified for this text, in all attributes except | |
3436 height. Each size for which a suitable font is available counts as | |
3437 another step. @var{n} should be an integer. | |
25751
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3438 |
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3439 @item @code{(- @var{n})} |
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|
3440 This means to use a font that is @var{n} steps smaller. |
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3441 |
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3442 @item a number, @var{factor} |
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3443 A number, @var{factor}, means to use a font that is @var{factor} times |
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3444 as tall as the default font. |
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3445 |
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|
3446 @item a symbol, @var{function} |
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3447 A symbol is a function to compute the height. It is called with the |
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3448 current height as argument, and should return the new height to use. |
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3449 |
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3450 @item anything else, @var{form} |
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3451 If the @var{height} value doesn't fit the previous possibilities, it is |
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3452 a form. Emacs evaluates it to get the new height, with the symbol |
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3453 @code{height} bound to the current specified font height. |
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3454 @end table |
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3455 |
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3456 @item (raise @var{factor}) |
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|
3457 This kind of display specification raises or lowers the text |
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3458 it applies to, relative to the baseline of the line. |
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3459 |
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3460 @var{factor} must be a number, which is interpreted as a multiple of the |
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3461 height of the affected text. If it is positive, that means to display |
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3462 the characters raised. If it is negative, that means to display them |
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3463 lower down. |
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3464 |
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3465 If the text also has a @code{height} display specification, that does |
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3466 not affect the amount of raising or lowering, which is based on the |
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3467 faces used for the text. |
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|
3468 @end table |
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3469 |
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|
3470 You can make any display specification conditional. To do that, |
ed1869261935
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|
3471 package it in another list of the form @code{(when @var{condition} . |
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parents:
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|
3472 @var{spec})}. Then the specification @var{spec} applies only when |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
3473 @var{condition} evaluates to a non-@code{nil} value. During the |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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parents:
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diff
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|
3474 evaluation, @code{object} is bound to the string or buffer having the |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
3475 conditional @code{display} property. @code{position} and |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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parents:
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|
3476 @code{buffer-position} are bound to the position within @code{object} |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
3477 and the buffer position where the @code{display} property was found, |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
3478 respectively. Both positions can be different when @code{object} is a |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
3479 string. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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|
3480 |
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3481 @node Display Margins |
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3482 @subsection Displaying in the Margins |
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3483 @cindex display margins |
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3484 @cindex margins, display |
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3485 |
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3486 A buffer can have blank areas called @dfn{display margins} on the left |
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3487 and on the right. Ordinary text never appears in these areas, but you |
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3488 can put things into the display margins using the @code{display} |
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3489 property. |
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3490 |
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3491 To put text in the left or right display margin of the window, use a |
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3492 display specification of the form @code{(margin right-margin)} or |
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3493 @code{(margin left-margin)} on it. To put an image in a display margin, |
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3494 use that display specification along with the display specification for |
42476
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Margin displays can't be mouse sensitive.
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3495 the image. Unfortunately, there is currently no way to make |
fe0b84badbb1
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|
3496 text or images in the margin mouse-sensitive. |
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3497 |
42297
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Explain using a before-string to put something in the margin.
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|
3498 If you put such a display specification directly on text in the |
c4f9d48801a8
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|
3499 buffer, the specified margin display appears @emph{instead of} that |
c4f9d48801a8
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|
3500 buffer text itself. To put something in the margin @emph{in |
c4f9d48801a8
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parents:
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|
3501 association with} certain buffer text without preventing or altering |
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parents:
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|
3502 the display of that text, put a @code{before-string} property on the |
c4f9d48801a8
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parents:
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|
3503 text and put the display specification on the contents of the |
c4f9d48801a8
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|
3504 before-string. |
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|
3505 |
25751
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3506 Before the display margins can display anything, you must give |
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3507 them a nonzero width. The usual way to do that is to set these |
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3508 variables: |
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3509 |
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3510 @defvar left-margin-width |
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3511 @tindex left-margin-width |
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3512 This variable specifies the width of the left margin. |
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3513 It is buffer-local in all buffers. |
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3514 @end defvar |
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3515 |
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3516 @defvar right-margin-width |
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3517 @tindex right-margin-width |
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3518 This variable specifies the width of the right margin. |
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3519 It is buffer-local in all buffers. |
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3520 @end defvar |
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3521 |
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3522 Setting these variables does not immediately affect the window. These |
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3523 variables are checked when a new buffer is displayed in the window. |
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3524 Thus, you can make changes take effect by calling |
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3525 @code{set-window-buffer}. |
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3526 |
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3527 You can also set the margin widths immediately. |
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3528 |
36935 | 3529 @defun set-window-margins window left &optional right |
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3530 @tindex set-window-margins |
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3531 This function specifies the margin widths for window @var{window}. |
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3532 The argument @var{left} controls the left margin and |
36935 | 3533 @var{right} controls the right margin (default @code{0}). |
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3534 @end defun |
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3535 |
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3536 @defun window-margins &optional window |
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3537 @tindex window-margins |
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3538 This function returns the left and right margins of @var{window} |
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3539 as a cons cell of the form @code{(@var{left} . @var{right})}. |
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3540 If @var{window} is @code{nil}, the selected window is used. |
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3541 @end defun |
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3542 |
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3543 @node Images |
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3544 @section Images |
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3545 @cindex images in buffers |
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3546 |
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3547 To display an image in an Emacs buffer, you must first create an image |
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3548 descriptor, then use it as a display specifier in the @code{display} |
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3549 property of text that is displayed (@pxref{Display Property}). |
25751
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3550 |
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3551 Emacs can display a number of different image formats; some of them |
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3552 are supported only if particular support libraries are installed on |
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3553 your machine. In some environments, Emacs can load image |
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3554 libraries on demand; if so, the variable @code{image-library-alist} |
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3555 can be used to modify the set of known names for these dynamic |
57225 | 3556 libraries (though it is not possible to add new image formats). |
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3557 |
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3558 The supported image formats include XBM, XPM (this requires the |
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3559 libraries @code{libXpm} version 3.4k and @code{libz}), GIF (requiring |
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3560 @code{libungif} 4.1.0), Postscript, PBM, JPEG (requiring the |
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3561 @code{libjpeg} library version v6a), TIFF (requiring @code{libtiff} |
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3562 v3.4), and PNG (requiring @code{libpng} 1.0.2). |
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3563 |
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3564 You specify one of these formats with an image type symbol. The image |
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3565 type symbols are @code{xbm}, @code{xpm}, @code{gif}, @code{postscript}, |
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3566 @code{pbm}, @code{jpeg}, @code{tiff}, and @code{png}. |
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3567 |
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3568 @defvar image-types |
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3569 This variable contains a list of those image type symbols that are |
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3570 potentially supported in the current configuration. |
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3571 @emph{Potentially} here means that Emacs knows about the image types, |
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3572 not necessarily that they can be loaded (they could depend on |
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3573 unavailable dynamic libraries, for example). |
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3574 |
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3575 To know which image types are really available, use |
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3576 @code{image-type-available-p}. |
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3577 @end defvar |
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3578 |
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3579 @defvar image-library-alist |
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3580 This in an alist of image types vs external libraries needed to |
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3581 display them. |
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3582 |
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3583 Each element is a list @code{(@var{image-type} @var{library}...)}, |
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3584 where the car is a supported image format from @code{image-types}, and |
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3585 the rest are strings giving alternate filenames for the corresponding |
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3586 external libraries to load. |
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3587 |
56185
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3588 Emacs tries to load the libraries in the order they appear on the |
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3589 list; if none is loaded, the running session of Emacs won't support |
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3590 the image type. @code{pbm} and @code{xbm} don't need to be listed; |
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3591 they're always supported. |
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3592 |
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3593 This variable is ignored if the image libraries are statically linked |
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3594 into Emacs. |
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3595 @end defvar |
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3596 |
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3597 @defun image-type-available-p type |
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3598 @findex image-type-available-p |
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3599 |
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3600 This function returns non-@code{nil} if image type @var{type} is |
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3601 available, i.e., if images of this type can be loaded and displayed in |
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3602 Emacs. @var{type} should be one of the types contained in |
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3603 @code{image-types}. |
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3604 |
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3605 For image types whose support libraries are statically linked, this |
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3606 function always returns @code{t}; for other image types, it returns |
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3607 @code{t} if the dynamic library could be loaded, @code{nil} otherwise. |
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3608 @end defun |
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3609 |
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3610 @menu |
25875 | 3611 * Image Descriptors:: How to specify an image for use in @code{:display}. |
3612 * XBM Images:: Special features for XBM format. | |
3613 * XPM Images:: Special features for XPM format. | |
3614 * GIF Images:: Special features for GIF format. | |
3615 * Postscript Images:: Special features for Postscript format. | |
3616 * Other Image Types:: Various other formats are supported. | |
3617 * Defining Images:: Convenient ways to define an image for later use. | |
3618 * Showing Images:: Convenient ways to display an image once it is defined. | |
3619 * Image Cache:: Internal mechanisms of image display. | |
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3620 @end menu |
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3621 |
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3622 @node Image Descriptors |
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3623 @subsection Image Descriptors |
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3624 @cindex image descriptor |
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3625 |
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3626 An image description is a list of the form @code{(image |
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3627 . @var{props})}, where @var{props} is a property list containing |
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3628 alternating keyword symbols (symbols whose names start with a colon) and |
26400 | 3629 their values. You can use any Lisp object as a property, but the only |
3630 properties that have any special meaning are certain symbols, all of | |
3631 them keywords. | |
3632 | |
3633 Every image descriptor must contain the property @code{:type | |
3634 @var{type}} to specify the format of the image. The value of @var{type} | |
3635 should be an image type symbol; for example, @code{xpm} for an image in | |
3636 XPM format. | |
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3637 |
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3638 Here is a list of other properties that are meaningful for all image |
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3639 types: |
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3640 |
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3641 @table @code |
36730
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3642 @item :file @var{file} |
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ed1869261935
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3643 The @code{:file} property says to load the image from file |
36730
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3644 @var{file}. If @var{file} is not an absolute file name, it is expanded |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3645 in @code{data-directory}. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3646 |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3647 @item :data @var{data} |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
3648 The @code{:data} property says the actual contents of the image. |
36730
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3649 Each image must use either @code{:data} or @code{:file}, but not both. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3650 For most image types, the value of the @code{:data} property should be a |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3651 string containing the image data; we recommend using a unibyte string. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3652 |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3653 Before using @code{:data}, look for further information in the section |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3654 below describing the specific image format. For some image types, |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3655 @code{:data} may not be supported; for some, it allows other data types; |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3656 for some, @code{:data} alone is not enough, so you need to use other |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3657 image properties along with @code{:data}. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3658 |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3659 @item :margin @var{margin} |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3660 The @code{:margin} property specifies how many pixels to add as an |
51000
72af65197e01
Fix typos. Patch from Jesper Harder <harder@ifa.au.dk>.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents:
49600
diff
changeset
|
3661 extra margin around the image. The value, @var{margin}, must be a |
36730
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3662 non-negative number, or a pair @code{(@var{x} . @var{y})} of such |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3663 numbers. If it is a pair, @var{x} specifies how many pixels to add |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3664 horizontally, and @var{y} specifies how many pixels to add vertically. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3665 If @code{:margin} is not specified, the default is zero. |
1c038a1a02a1
Move :file, :data and :margin first in the table
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
36351
diff
changeset
|
3666 |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3667 @item :ascent @var{ascent} |
29151 | 3668 The @code{:ascent} property specifies the amount of the image's |
3669 height to use for its ascent---that is, the part above the baseline. | |
3670 The value, @var{ascent}, must be a number in the range 0 to 100, or | |
3671 the symbol @code{center}. | |
3672 | |
3673 If @var{ascent} is a number, that percentage of the image's height is | |
3674 used for its ascent. | |
3675 | |
3676 If @var{ascent} is @code{center}, the image is vertically centered | |
3677 around a centerline which would be the vertical centerline of text drawn | |
3678 at the position of the image, in the manner specified by the text | |
3679 properties and overlays that apply to the image. | |
3680 | |
3681 If this property is omitted, it defaults to 50. | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3682 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3683 @item :relief @var{relief} |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3684 The @code{:relief} property, if non-@code{nil}, adds a shadow rectangle |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3685 around the image. The value, @var{relief}, specifies the width of the |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3686 shadow lines, in pixels. If @var{relief} is negative, shadows are drawn |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3687 so that the image appears as a pressed button; otherwise, it appears as |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3688 an unpressed button. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3689 |
35364 | 3690 @item :conversion @var{algorithm} |
3691 The @code{:conversion} property, if non-@code{nil}, specifies a | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3692 conversion algorithm that should be applied to the image before it is |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3693 displayed; the value, @var{algorithm}, specifies which algorithm. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3694 |
33996 | 3695 @table @code |
3696 @item laplace | |
3697 @itemx emboss | |
3698 Specifies the Laplace edge detection algorithm, which blurs out small | |
3699 differences in color while highlighting larger differences. People | |
3700 sometimes consider this useful for displaying the image for a | |
3701 ``disabled'' button. | |
3702 | |
3703 @item (edge-detection :matrix @var{matrix} :color-adjust @var{adjust}) | |
3704 Specifies a general edge-detection algorithm. @var{matrix} must be | |
3705 either a nine-element list or a nine-element vector of numbers. A pixel | |
3706 at position @math{x/y} in the transformed image is computed from | |
3707 original pixels around that position. @var{matrix} specifies, for each | |
3708 pixel in the neighborhood of @math{x/y}, a factor with which that pixel | |
3709 will influence the transformed pixel; element @math{0} specifies the | |
3710 factor for the pixel at @math{x-1/y-1}, element @math{1} the factor for | |
3711 the pixel at @math{x/y-1} etc., as shown below: | |
3712 @iftex | |
3713 @tex | |
3714 $$\pmatrix{x-1/y-1 & x/y-1 & x+1/y-1 \cr | |
3715 x-1/y & x/y & x+1/y \cr | |
3716 x-1/y+1& x/y+1 & x+1/y+1 \cr}$$ | |
3717 @end tex | |
3718 @end iftex | |
3719 @ifnottex | |
3720 @display | |
3721 (x-1/y-1 x/y-1 x+1/y-1 | |
3722 x-1/y x/y x+1/y | |
3723 x-1/y+1 x/y+1 x+1/y+1) | |
3724 @end display | |
3725 @end ifnottex | |
3726 | |
3727 The resulting pixel is computed from the color intensity of the color | |
3728 resulting from summing up the RGB values of surrounding pixels, | |
3729 multiplied by the specified factors, and dividing that sum by the sum | |
3730 of the factors' absolute values. | |
3731 | |
3732 Laplace edge-detection currently uses a matrix of | |
3733 @iftex | |
3734 @tex | |
3735 $$\pmatrix{1 & 0 & 0 \cr | |
3736 0& 0 & 0 \cr | |
3737 9 & 9 & -1 \cr}$$ | |
3738 @end tex | |
3739 @end iftex | |
3740 @ifnottex | |
3741 @display | |
3742 (1 0 0 | |
3743 0 0 0 | |
3744 9 9 -1) | |
3745 @end display | |
3746 @end ifnottex | |
3747 | |
3748 Emboss edge-detection uses a matrix of | |
3749 @iftex | |
3750 @tex | |
3751 $$\pmatrix{ 2 & -1 & 0 \cr | |
3752 -1 & 0 & 1 \cr | |
3753 0 & 1 & -2 \cr}$$ | |
3754 @end tex | |
3755 @end iftex | |
3756 @ifnottex | |
3757 @display | |
3758 ( 2 -1 0 | |
3759 -1 0 1 | |
3760 0 1 -2) | |
3761 @end display | |
3762 @end ifnottex | |
3763 | |
3764 @item disabled | |
3765 Specifies transforming the image so that it looks ``disabled''. | |
3766 @end table | |
3767 | |
3768 @item :mask @var{mask} | |
3769 If @var{mask} is @code{heuristic} or @code{(heuristic @var{bg})}, build | |
3770 a clipping mask for the image, so that the background of a frame is | |
3771 visible behind the image. If @var{bg} is not specified, or if @var{bg} | |
3772 is @code{t}, determine the background color of the image by looking at | |
3773 the four corners of the image, assuming the most frequently occurring | |
3774 color from the corners is the background color of the image. Otherwise, | |
3775 @var{bg} must be a list @code{(@var{red} @var{green} @var{blue})} | |
3776 specifying the color to assume for the background of the image. | |
3777 | |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
3778 If @var{mask} is @code{nil}, remove a mask from the image, if it has |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
3779 one. Images in some formats include a mask which can be removed by |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
3780 specifying @code{:mask nil}. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3781 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3782 @item :pointer @var{shape} |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3783 This specifies the pointer shape when the mouse pointer is over this |
57225 | 3784 image. @xref{Pointer Shape}, for available pointer shapes. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3785 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3786 @item :map @var{map} |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3787 This associates an image map of @dfn{hot spots} with this image. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3788 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3789 An image map is an alist where each element has the format |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3790 @code{(@var{area} @var{id} @var{plist})}. An @var{area} is specified |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3791 as either a rectangle, a circle, or a polygon. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3792 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3793 A rectangle is a cons |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3794 @code{(rect . ((@var{x0} . @var{y0}) . (@var{x1} . @var{y1})))} |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3795 which specifies the pixel coordinates of the upper left and bottom right |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3796 corners of the rectangle area. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3797 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3798 A circle is a cons |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3799 @code{(circle . ((@var{x0} . @var{y0}) . @var{r}))} |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3800 which specifies the center and the radius of the circle; @var{r} may |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3801 be a float or integer. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3802 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3803 A polygon is a cons |
57201
2950fcfcfa44
Correct various typos.
Luc Teirlinck <teirllm@auburn.edu>
parents:
57193
diff
changeset
|
3804 @code{(poly . [@var{x0} @var{y0} @var{x1} @var{y1} ...])} |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3805 where each pair in the vector describes one corner in the polygon. |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3806 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3807 When the mouse pointer is above a hot-spot area of an image, the |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3808 @var{plist} of that hot-spot is consulted; if it contains a @code{help-echo} |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3809 property it defines a tool-tip for the hot-spot, and if it contains |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3810 a @code{pointer} property, it defines the shape of the mouse cursor when |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3811 it is over the hot-spot. |
57225 | 3812 @xref{Pointer Shape}, for available pointer shapes. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3813 |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3814 When you click the mouse when the mouse pointer is over a hot-spot, an |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
3815 event is composed by combining the @var{id} of the hot-spot with the |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3816 mouse event; for instance, @code{[area4 mouse-1]} if the hot-spot's |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
3817 @var{id} is @code{area4}. |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3818 @end table |
467b88fab665
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parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3819 |
33996 | 3820 @defun image-mask-p spec &optional frame |
3821 @tindex image-mask-p | |
3822 This function returns @code{t} if image @var{spec} has a mask bitmap. | |
3823 @var{frame} is the frame on which the image will be displayed. | |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
3824 @var{frame} @code{nil} or omitted means to use the selected frame |
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
3825 (@pxref{Input Focus}). |
33996 | 3826 @end defun |
3827 | |
25751
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3828 @node XBM Images |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3829 @subsection XBM Images |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3830 @cindex XBM |
467b88fab665
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parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3831 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3832 To use XBM format, specify @code{xbm} as the image type. This image |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3833 format doesn't require an external library, so images of this type are |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3834 always supported. |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3835 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3836 Additional image properties supported for the @code{xbm} image type are: |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3837 |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3838 @table @code |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3839 @item :foreground @var{foreground} |
467b88fab665
*** empty log message ***
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
25454
diff
changeset
|
3840 The value, @var{foreground}, should be a string specifying the image |
37949
1302dd937a79
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3841 foreground color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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3842 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 1. The default is the frame's |
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3843 foreground color. |
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3844 |
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3845 @item :background @var{background} |
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3846 The value, @var{background}, should be a string specifying the image |
37949
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3847 background color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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3848 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 0. The default is the frame's |
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3849 background color. |
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3850 @end table |
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3851 |
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3852 If you specify an XBM image using data within Emacs instead of an |
28792 | 3853 external file, use the following three properties: |
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3854 |
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3855 @table @code |
28792 | 3856 @item :data @var{data} |
3857 The value, @var{data}, specifies the contents of the image. | |
3858 There are three formats you can use for @var{data}: | |
3859 | |
3860 @itemize @bullet | |
3861 @item | |
3862 A vector of strings or bool-vectors, each specifying one line of the | |
3863 image. Do specify @code{:height} and @code{:width}. | |
3864 | |
3865 @item | |
3866 A string containing the same byte sequence as an XBM file would contain. | |
3867 You must not specify @code{:height} and @code{:width} in this case, | |
3868 because omitting them is what indicates the data has the format of an | |
3869 XBM file. The file contents specify the height and width of the image. | |
3870 | |
3871 @item | |
3872 A string or a bool-vector containing the bits of the image (plus perhaps | |
3873 some extra bits at the end that will not be used). It should contain at | |
3874 least @var{width} * @code{height} bits. In this case, you must specify | |
3875 @code{:height} and @code{:width}, both to indicate that the string | |
3876 contains just the bits rather than a whole XBM file, and to specify the | |
3877 size of the image. | |
3878 @end itemize | |
3879 | |
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3880 @item :width @var{width} |
28792 | 3881 The value, @var{width}, specifies the width of the image, in pixels. |
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3882 |
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3883 @item :height @var{height} |
28792 | 3884 The value, @var{height}, specifies the height of the image, in pixels. |
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3885 @end table |
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3886 |
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3887 @node XPM Images |
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3888 @subsection XPM Images |
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3889 @cindex XPM |
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3890 |
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3891 To use XPM format, specify @code{xpm} as the image type. The |
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3892 additional image property @code{:color-symbols} is also meaningful with |
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3893 the @code{xpm} image type: |
25751
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3894 |
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3895 @table @code |
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3896 @item :color-symbols @var{symbols} |
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3897 The value, @var{symbols}, should be an alist whose elements have the |
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3898 form @code{(@var{name} . @var{color})}. In each element, @var{name} is |
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3899 the name of a color as it appears in the image file, and @var{color} |
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3900 specifies the actual color to use for displaying that name. |
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3901 @end table |
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3902 |
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3903 @node GIF Images |
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3904 @subsection GIF Images |
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3905 @cindex GIF |
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3906 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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3907 For GIF images, specify image type @code{gif}. |
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3908 |
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3909 @table @code |
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3910 @item :index @var{index} |
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3911 You can use @code{:index} to specify one image from a GIF file that |
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3912 contains more than one image. This property specifies use of image |
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3913 number @var{index} from the file. If the GIF file doesn't contain an |
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3914 image with index @var{index}, the image displays as a hollow box. |
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3915 @end table |
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3916 |
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3917 @ignore |
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3918 This could be used to implement limited support for animated GIFs. |
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3919 For example, the following function displays a multi-image GIF file |
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3920 at point-min in the current buffer, switching between sub-images |
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3921 every 0.1 seconds. |
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3922 |
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3923 (defun show-anim (file max) |
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3924 "Display multi-image GIF file FILE which contains MAX subimages." |
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3925 (display-anim (current-buffer) file 0 max t)) |
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3926 |
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3927 (defun display-anim (buffer file idx max first-time) |
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3928 (when (= idx max) |
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3929 (setq idx 0)) |
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3930 (let ((img (create-image file nil :image idx))) |
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3931 (save-excursion |
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3932 (set-buffer buffer) |
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3933 (goto-char (point-min)) |
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3934 (unless first-time (delete-char 1)) |
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3935 (insert-image img)) |
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3936 (run-with-timer 0.1 nil 'display-anim buffer file (1+ idx) max nil))) |
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3937 @end ignore |
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3938 |
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3939 @node Postscript Images |
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3940 @subsection Postscript Images |
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3941 @cindex Postscript images |
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3942 |
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3943 To use Postscript for an image, specify image type @code{postscript}. |
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3944 This works only if you have Ghostscript installed. You must always use |
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3945 these three properties: |
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3946 |
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3947 @table @code |
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3948 @item :pt-width @var{width} |
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3949 The value, @var{width}, specifies the width of the image measured in |
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3950 points (1/72 inch). @var{width} must be an integer. |
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3951 |
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3952 @item :pt-height @var{height} |
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3953 The value, @var{height}, specifies the height of the image in points |
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3954 (1/72 inch). @var{height} must be an integer. |
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3955 |
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3956 @item :bounding-box @var{box} |
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3957 The value, @var{box}, must be a list or vector of four integers, which |
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3958 specifying the bounding box of the Postscript image, analogous to the |
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3959 @samp{BoundingBox} comment found in Postscript files. |
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3960 |
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3961 @example |
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3962 %%BoundingBox: 22 171 567 738 |
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3963 @end example |
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3964 @end table |
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3965 |
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3966 Displaying Postscript images from Lisp data is not currently |
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3967 implemented, but it may be implemented by the time you read this. |
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3968 See the @file{etc/NEWS} file to make sure. |
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3969 |
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3970 @node Other Image Types |
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3971 @subsection Other Image Types |
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3972 @cindex PBM |
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3973 |
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3974 For PBM images, specify image type @code{pbm}. Color, gray-scale and |
32552
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3975 monochromatic images are supported. For mono PBM images, two additional |
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3976 image properties are supported. |
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3977 |
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3978 @table @code |
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3979 @item :foreground @var{foreground} |
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3980 The value, @var{foreground}, should be a string specifying the image |
37949
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3981 foreground color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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3982 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 1. The default is the frame's |
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3983 foreground color. |
32552
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3984 |
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3985 @item :background @var{background} |
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3986 The value, @var{background}, should be a string specifying the image |
37949
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|
3987 background color, or @code{nil} for the default color. This color is |
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Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3988 used for each pixel in the XBM that is 0. The default is the frame's |
1302dd937a79
Add that PBM and XBM image specs may have :foreground nil, and
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3989 background color. |
32552
070ca96fa546
(Other Image Types): Add description of :foreground
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3990 @end table |
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|
3991 |
27093
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|
3992 For JPEG images, specify image type @code{jpeg}. |
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|
3993 |
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|
3994 For TIFF images, specify image type @code{tiff}. |
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|
3995 |
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|
3996 For PNG images, specify image type @code{png}. |
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|
3997 |
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|
3998 @node Defining Images |
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3999 @subsection Defining Images |
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|
4000 |
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|
4001 The functions @code{create-image}, @code{defimage} and |
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help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
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parents:
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|
4002 @code{find-image} provide convenient ways to create image descriptors. |
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4003 |
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(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4004 @defun create-image file-or-data &optional type data-p &rest props |
25751
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|
4005 @tindex create-image |
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|
4006 This function creates and returns an image descriptor which uses the |
59574
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(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4007 data in @var{file-or-data}. @var{file-or-data} can be a file name or |
9ce057395159
(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4008 a string containing the image data; @var{data-p} should be @code{nil} |
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(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4009 for the former case, non-@code{nil} for the latter case. |
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|
4010 |
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4011 The optional argument @var{type} is a symbol specifying the image type. |
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4012 If @var{type} is omitted or @code{nil}, @code{create-image} tries to |
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|
4013 determine the image type from the file's first few bytes, or else |
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|
4014 from the file's name. |
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|
4015 |
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|
4016 The remaining arguments, @var{props}, specify additional image |
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|
4017 properties---for example, |
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|
4018 |
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|
4019 @example |
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(Defining Images): Mention DATA-P arg of create-image.
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parents:
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|
4020 (create-image "foo.xpm" 'xpm nil :heuristic-mask t) |
25751
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|
4021 @end example |
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|
4022 |
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4023 The function returns @code{nil} if images of this type are not |
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|
4024 supported. Otherwise it returns an image descriptor. |
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|
4025 @end defun |
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|
4026 |
41058
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4027 @defmac defimage symbol specs &optional doc |
25751
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|
4028 @tindex defimage |
41058
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4029 This macro defines @var{symbol} as an image name. The arguments |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4030 @var{specs} is a list which specifies how to display the image. |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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|
4031 The third argument, @var{doc}, is an optional documentation string. |
25751
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|
4032 |
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|
4033 Each argument in @var{specs} has the form of a property list, and each |
41058
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4034 one should specify at least the @code{:type} property and either the |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4035 @code{:file} or the @code{:data} property. The value of @code{:type} |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4036 should be a symbol specifying the image type, the value of |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4037 @code{:file} is the file to load the image from, and the value of |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4038 @code{:data} is a string containing the actual image data. Here is an |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4039 example: |
25751
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|
4040 |
25875 | 4041 @example |
4042 (defimage test-image | |
46338
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defimage does not evaluate SPECS.
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|
4043 ((:type xpm :file "~/test1.xpm") |
6cf0fbc1d7da
defimage does not evaluate SPECS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4044 (:type xbm :file "~/test1.xbm"))) |
25875 | 4045 @end example |
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|
4046 |
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|
4047 @code{defimage} tests each argument, one by one, to see if it is |
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|
4048 usable---that is, if the type is supported and the file exists. The |
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|
4049 first usable argument is used to make an image descriptor which is |
41058
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4050 stored in @var{symbol}. |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4051 |
3532d3226828
(Define Images): Fix the documentation of defimage. Suggested by
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
4052 If none of the alternatives will work, then @var{symbol} is defined |
25751
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|
4053 as @code{nil}. |
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|
4054 @end defmac |
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|
4055 |
31373
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
4056 @defun find-image specs |
a3fd71daf442
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4057 @tindex find-image |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4058 This function provides a convenient way to find an image satisfying one |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4059 of a list of image specifications @var{specs}. |
a3fd71daf442
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4060 |
a3fd71daf442
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4061 Each specification in @var{specs} is a property list with contents |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4062 depending on image type. All specifications must at least contain the |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
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|
4063 properties @code{:type @var{type}} and either @w{@code{:file @var{file}}} |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4064 or @w{@code{:data @var{DATA}}}, where @var{type} is a symbol specifying |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4065 the image type, e.g.@: @code{xbm}, @var{file} is the file to load the |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4066 image from, and @var{data} is a string containing the actual image data. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
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|
4067 The first specification in the list whose @var{type} is supported, and |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4068 @var{file} exists, is used to construct the image specification to be |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4069 returned. If no specification is satisfied, @code{nil} is returned. |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4070 |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4071 The image is looked for first on @code{load-path} and then in |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4072 @code{data-directory}. |
a3fd71daf442
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4073 @end defun |
a3fd71daf442
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
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|
4074 |
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|
4075 @node Showing Images |
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changeset
|
4076 @subsection Showing Images |
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|
4077 |
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|
4078 You can use an image descriptor by setting up the @code{display} |
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|
4079 property yourself, but it is easier to use the functions in this |
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|
4080 section. |
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|
4081 |
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Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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|
4082 @defun insert-image image &optional string area slice |
25751
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|
4083 This function inserts @var{image} in the current buffer at point. The |
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|
4084 value @var{image} should be an image descriptor; it could be a value |
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|
4085 returned by @code{create-image}, or the value of a symbol defined with |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4086 @code{defimage}. The argument @var{string} specifies the text to put |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
4087 in the buffer to hold the image. If it is omitted or @code{nil}, |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4088 @code{insert-image} uses @code{" "} by default. |
25751
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|
4089 |
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|
4090 The argument @var{area} specifies whether to put the image in a margin. |
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|
4091 If it is @code{left-margin}, the image appears in the left margin; |
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|
4092 @code{right-margin} specifies the right margin. If @var{area} is |
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|
4093 @code{nil} or omitted, the image is displayed at point within the |
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|
4094 buffer's text. |
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|
4095 |
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Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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|
4096 The argument @var{slice} specifies a slice of the image to insert. If |
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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|
4097 @var{slice} is @code{nil} or omitted the whole image is inserted. |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4098 Otherwise, @var{slice} is a list @code{(@var{x} @var{y} @var{width} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4099 @var{height})} which specifies the @var{x} and @var{y} positions and |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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|
4100 @var{width} and @var{height} of the image area to insert. Integer |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4101 values are in units of pixels. A floating point number in the range |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
4102 0.0--1.0 stands for that fraction of the width or height of the entire |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4103 image. |
57193
714a83d1ea32
(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
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|
4104 |
25875 | 4105 Internally, this function inserts @var{string} in the buffer, and gives |
4106 it a @code{display} property which specifies @var{image}. @xref{Display | |
25751
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|
4107 Property}. |
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|
4108 @end defun |
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|
4109 |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
56451
diff
changeset
|
4110 @defun insert-sliced-image image &optional string area rows cols |
57221
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
4111 This function inserts @var{image} in the current buffer at point, like |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
57202
diff
changeset
|
4112 @code{insert-image}, but splits the image into @var{rows}x@var{cols} |
18bdf278f148
(Fringes): Rewrite previous change.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4113 equally sized slices. |
57193
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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|
4114 @end defun |
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(Display): Add 'Fringe Bitmaps' and 'Pointer
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
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|
4115 |
29471 | 4116 @defun put-image image pos &optional string area |
25751
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|
4117 This function puts image @var{image} in front of @var{pos} in the |
467b88fab665
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parents:
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|
4118 current buffer. The argument @var{pos} should be an integer or a |
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parents:
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|
4119 marker. It specifies the buffer position where the image should appear. |
29471 | 4120 The argument @var{string} specifies the text that should hold the image |
4121 as an alternative to the default. | |
25751
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|
4122 |
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|
4123 The argument @var{image} must be an image descriptor, perhaps returned |
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|
4124 by @code{create-image} or stored by @code{defimage}. |
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|
4125 |
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|
4126 The argument @var{area} specifies whether to put the image in a margin. |
467b88fab665
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|
4127 If it is @code{left-margin}, the image appears in the left margin; |
467b88fab665
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parents:
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|
4128 @code{right-margin} specifies the right margin. If @var{area} is |
467b88fab665
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|
4129 @code{nil} or omitted, the image is displayed at point within the |
467b88fab665
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|
4130 buffer's text. |
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|
4131 |
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|
4132 Internally, this function creates an overlay, and gives it a |
467b88fab665
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Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4133 @code{before-string} property containing text that has a @code{display} |
467b88fab665
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parents:
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changeset
|
4134 property whose value is the image. (Whew!) |
467b88fab665
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|
4135 @end defun |
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|
4136 |
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changeset
|
4137 @defun remove-images start end &optional buffer |
467b88fab665
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changeset
|
4138 This function removes images in @var{buffer} between positions |
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|
4139 @var{start} and @var{end}. If @var{buffer} is omitted or @code{nil}, |
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|
4140 images are removed from the current buffer. |
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|
4141 |
27331
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|
4142 This removes only images that were put into @var{buffer} the way |
25751
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|
4143 @code{put-image} does it, not images that were inserted with |
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|
4144 @code{insert-image} or in other ways. |
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|
4145 @end defun |
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|
4146 |
31373
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
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|
4147 @defun image-size spec &optional pixels frame |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4148 @tindex image-size |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4149 This function returns the size of an image as a pair |
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4150 @w{@code{(@var{width} . @var{height})}}. @var{spec} is an image |
51652
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
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|
4151 specification. @var{pixels} non-@code{nil} means return sizes |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4152 measured in pixels, otherwise return sizes measured in canonical |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
4153 character units (fractions of the width/height of the frame's default |
55fb0658914a
Fix minor Texinfo usage.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
51000
diff
changeset
|
4154 font). @var{frame} is the frame on which the image will be displayed. |
39404
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
4155 @var{frame} null or omitted means use the selected frame (@pxref{Input |
5b69d94ceef3
(Font Lookup, Attribute Functions)
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents:
39221
diff
changeset
|
4156 Focus}). |
31373
a3fd71daf442
help-echo stuff, find-image, image-size.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
changeset
|
4157 @end defun |
a3fd71daf442
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
29471
diff
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|
4158 |
25751
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|
4159 @node Image Cache |
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|
4160 @subsection Image Cache |
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|
4161 |
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|
4162 Emacs stores images in an image cache when it displays them, so it can |
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|
4163 display them again more efficiently. It removes an image from the cache |
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|
4164 when it hasn't been displayed for a specified period of time. |
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|
4165 |
28770 | 4166 When an image is looked up in the cache, its specification is compared |
4167 with cached image specifications using @code{equal}. This means that | |
4168 all images with equal specifications share the same image in the cache. | |
4169 | |
25751
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|
4170 @defvar image-cache-eviction-delay |
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|
4171 @tindex image-cache-eviction-delay |
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changeset
|
4172 This variable specifies the number of seconds an image can remain in the |
467b88fab665
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|
4173 cache without being displayed. When an image is not displayed for this |
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|
4174 length of time, Emacs removes it from the image cache. |
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|
4175 |
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|
4176 If the value is @code{nil}, Emacs does not remove images from the cache |
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|
4177 except when you explicitly clear it. This mode can be useful for |
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|
4178 debugging. |
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|
4179 @end defvar |
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|
4180 |
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|
4181 @defun clear-image-cache &optional frame |
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|
4182 @tindex clear-image-cache |
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|
4183 This function clears the image cache. If @var{frame} is non-@code{nil}, |
467b88fab665
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|
4184 only the cache for that frame is cleared. Otherwise all frames' caches |
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|
4185 are cleared. |
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|
4186 @end defun |
27447
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|
4187 |
53467
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|
4188 @node Buttons |
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53422
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|
4189 @section Buttons |
53468
f641b341c5ec
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53467
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|
4190 @cindex buttons |
53467
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53422
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|
4191 @cindex buttons in buffers |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4192 @cindex clickable buttons in buffers |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4193 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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diff
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|
4194 The @emph{button} package defines functions for inserting and |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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53422
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|
4195 manipulating clickable (with the mouse, or via keyboard commands) |
53468
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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53467
diff
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|
4196 buttons in Emacs buffers, such as might be used for help hyper-links, |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents:
53467
diff
changeset
|
4197 etc. Emacs uses buttons for the hyper-links in help text and the like. |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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53422
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|
4198 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
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|
4199 A button is essentially a set of properties attached (via text |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4200 properties or overlays) to a region of text in an Emacs buffer. These |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
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|
4201 properties are called @dfn{button properties}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
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|
4202 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
4203 One of the these properties (@code{action}) is a function, which will |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4204 be called when the user invokes it using the keyboard or the mouse. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4205 The invoked function may then examine the button and use its other |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4206 properties as desired. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4207 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
changeset
|
4208 In some ways the Emacs button package duplicates functionality offered |
53467
a18219fcd84d
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Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
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|
4209 by the widget package (@pxref{Top, , Introduction, widget, The Emacs |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4210 Widget Library}), but the button package has the advantage that it is |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4211 much faster, much smaller, and much simpler to use (for elisp |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4212 programmers---for users, the result is about the same). The extra |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4213 speed and space savings are useful mainly if you need to create many |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4214 buttons in a buffer (for instance an @code{*Apropos*} buffer uses |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4215 buttons to make entries clickable, and may contain many thousands of |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4216 entries). |
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|
4217 |
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|
4218 @menu |
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|
4219 * Button Properties:: Button properties with special meanings. |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4220 * Button Types:: Defining common properties for classes of buttons. |
55246 | 4221 * Making Buttons:: Adding buttons to Emacs buffers. |
53467
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|
4222 * Manipulating Buttons:: Getting and setting properties of buttons. |
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|
4223 * Button Buffer Commands:: Buffer-wide commands and bindings for buttons. |
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|
4224 @end menu |
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|
4225 |
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|
4226 @node Button Properties |
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|
4227 @subsection Button Properties |
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|
4228 @cindex button properties |
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|
4229 |
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4230 Buttons have an associated list of properties defining their |
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4231 appearance and behavior, and other arbitrary properties may be used |
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4232 for application specific purposes. Some properties that have special |
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4233 meaning to the button package include: |
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4234 |
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4235 @table @code |
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4236 @item action |
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4237 @kindex action @r{(button property)} |
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4238 The function to call when the user invokes the button, which is passed |
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4239 the single argument @var{button}. By default this is @code{ignore}, |
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4240 which does nothing. |
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4241 |
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4242 @item mouse-action |
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4243 @kindex mouse-action @r{(button property)} |
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4244 This is similar to @code{action}, and when present, will be used |
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4245 instead of @code{action} for button invocations resulting from |
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4246 mouse-clicks (instead of the user hitting @key{RET}). If not |
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4247 present, mouse-clicks use @code{action} instead. |
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4248 |
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4249 @item face |
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4250 @kindex face @r{(button property)} |
55246 | 4251 This is an Emacs face controlling how buttons of this type are |
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4252 displayed; by default this is the @code{button} face. |
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4253 |
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4254 @item mouse-face |
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4255 @kindex mouse-face @r{(button property)} |
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4256 This is an additional face which controls appearance during |
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4257 mouse-overs (merged with the usual button face); by default this is |
55246 | 4258 the usual Emacs @code{highlight} face. |
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4259 |
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4260 @item keymap |
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4261 @kindex keymap @r{(button property)} |
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4262 The button's keymap, defining bindings active within the button |
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4263 region. By default this is the usual button region keymap, stored |
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4264 in the variable @code{button-map}, which defines @key{RET} and |
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4265 @key{mouse-2} to invoke the button. |
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4266 |
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4267 @item type |
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4268 @kindex type @r{(button property)} |
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4269 The button-type of the button. When creating a button, this is |
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4270 usually specified using the @code{:type} keyword argument. |
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4271 @xref{Button Types}. |
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4272 |
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4273 @item help-echo |
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4274 @kindex help-index @r{(button property)} |
55246 | 4275 A string displayed by the Emacs tool-tip help system; by default, |
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4276 @code{"mouse-2, RET: Push this button"}. |
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4277 |
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4278 @item follow-link |
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4279 @kindex follow-link @r{(button property)} |
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4280 The follow-link property, defining how a @key{Mouse-1} click behaves |
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4281 on this button, @xref{Links and Mouse-1}. |
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4282 |
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4283 @item button |
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4284 @kindex button @r{(button property)} |
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4285 All buttons have a non-@code{nil} @code{button} property, which may be useful |
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4286 in finding regions of text that comprise buttons (which is what the |
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4287 standard button functions do). |
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4288 @end table |
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4289 |
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4290 There are other properties defined for the regions of text in a |
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4291 button, but these are not generally interesting for typical uses. |
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4292 |
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4293 @node Button Types |
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4294 @subsection Button Types |
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4295 @cindex button types |
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4296 |
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4297 Every button has a button @emph{type}, which defines default values |
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4298 for the button's properties. Button types are arranged in a |
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4299 hierarchy, with specialized types inheriting from more general types, |
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4300 so that it's easy to define special-purpose types of buttons for |
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4301 specific tasks. |
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4302 |
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4303 @defun define-button-type name &rest properties |
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4304 @tindex define-button-type |
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4305 Define a `button type' called @var{name}. The remaining arguments |
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4306 form a sequence of @var{property value} pairs, specifying default |
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4307 property values for buttons with this type (a button's type may be set |
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4308 by giving it a @code{type} property when creating the button, using |
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4309 the @code{:type} keyword argument). |
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4310 |
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4311 In addition, the keyword argument @code{:supertype} may be used to |
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4312 specify a button-type from which @var{name} inherits its default |
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4313 property values. Note that this inheritance happens only when |
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4314 @var{name} is defined; subsequent changes to a supertype are not |
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4315 reflected in its subtypes. |
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4316 @end defun |
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4317 |
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4318 Using @code{define-button-type} to define default properties for |
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4319 buttons is not necessary---buttons without any specified type use the |
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4320 built-in button-type @code{button}---but it is encouraged, since |
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4321 doing so usually makes the resulting code clearer and more efficient. |
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4322 |
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4323 @node Making Buttons |
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4324 @subsection Making Buttons |
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4325 @cindex making buttons |
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4326 |
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4327 Buttons are associated with a region of text, using an overlay or |
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4328 text properties to hold button-specific information, all of which are |
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4329 initialized from the button's type (which defaults to the built-in |
55246 | 4330 button type @code{button}). Like all Emacs text, the appearance of |
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4331 the button is governed by the @code{face} property; by default (via |
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4332 the @code{face} property inherited from the @code{button} button-type) |
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4333 this is a simple underline, like a typical web-page link. |
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4334 |
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4335 For convenience, there are two sorts of button-creation functions, |
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4336 those that add button properties to an existing region of a buffer, |
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4337 called @code{make-...button}, and those also insert the button text, |
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4338 called @code{insert-...button}. |
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4339 |
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4340 The button-creation functions all take the @code{&rest} argument |
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4341 @var{properties}, which should be a sequence of @var{property value} |
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4342 pairs, specifying properties to add to the button; see @ref{Button |
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4343 Properties}. In addition, the keyword argument @code{:type} may be |
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4344 used to specify a button-type from which to inherit other properties; |
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4345 see @ref{Button Types}. Any properties not explicitly specified |
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4346 during creation will be inherited from the button's type (if the type |
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4347 defines such a property). |
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4348 |
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4349 The following functions add a button using an overlay |
53467
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4350 (@pxref{Overlays}) to hold the button properties: |
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4351 |
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4352 @defun make-button beg end &rest properties |
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4353 @tindex make-button |
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4354 This makes a button from @var{beg} to @var{end} in the |
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4355 current buffer, and returns it. |
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4356 @end defun |
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4357 |
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4358 @defun insert-button label &rest properties |
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4359 @tindex insert-button |
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4360 This insert a button with the label @var{label} at point, |
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4361 and returns it. |
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4362 @end defun |
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4363 |
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4364 The following functions are similar, but use Emacs text properties |
53467
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4365 (@pxref{Text Properties}) to hold the button properties, making the |
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4366 button actually part of the text instead of being a property of the |
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4367 buffer. Buttons using text properties do not create markers into the |
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4368 buffer, which is important for speed when you use extremely large |
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4369 numbers of buttons. Both functions return the position of the start |
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4370 of the new button: |
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4371 |
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4372 @defun make-text-button beg end &rest properties |
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4373 @tindex make-text-button |
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4374 This makes a button from @var{beg} to @var{end} in the current buffer, using |
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4375 text properties. |
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4376 @end defun |
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4377 |
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4378 @defun insert-text-button label &rest properties |
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4379 @tindex insert-text-button |
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4380 This inserts a button with the label @var{label} at point, using text |
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4381 properties. |
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4382 @end defun |
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4383 |
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4384 @node Manipulating Buttons |
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4385 @subsection Manipulating Buttons |
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4386 @cindex manipulating buttons |
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4387 |
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4388 These are functions for getting and setting properties of buttons. |
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4389 Often these are used by a button's invocation function to determine |
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4390 what to do. |
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4391 |
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4392 Where a @var{button} parameter is specified, it means an object |
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4393 referring to a specific button, either an overlay (for overlay |
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4394 buttons), or a buffer-position or marker (for text property buttons). |
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4395 Such an object is passed as the first argument to a button's |
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4396 invocation function when it is invoked. |
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4397 |
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4398 @defun button-start button |
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4399 @tindex button-start |
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4400 Return the position at which @var{button} starts. |
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4401 @end defun |
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4402 |
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4403 @defun button-end button |
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4404 @tindex button-end |
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4405 Return the position at which @var{button} ends. |
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4406 @end defun |
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4407 |
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4408 @defun button-get button prop |
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4409 @tindex button-get |
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4410 Get the property of button @var{button} named @var{prop}. |
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4411 @end defun |
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4412 |
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4413 @defun button-put button prop val |
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4414 @tindex button-put |
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4415 Set @var{button}'s @var{prop} property to @var{val}. |
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4416 @end defun |
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4417 |
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4418 @defun button-activate button &optional use-mouse-action |
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4419 @tindex button-activate |
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4420 Call @var{button}'s @code{action} property (i.e., invoke it). If |
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4421 @var{use-mouse-action} is non-@code{nil}, try to invoke the button's |
53468
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4422 @code{mouse-action} property instead of @code{action}; if the button |
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4423 has no @code{mouse-action} property, use @code{action} as normal. |
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4424 @end defun |
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4425 |
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4426 @defun button-label button |
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4427 @tindex button-label |
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4428 Return @var{button}'s text label. |
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diff
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|
4429 @end defun |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4430 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4431 @defun button-type button |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4432 @tindex button-type |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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parents:
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|
4433 Return @var{button}'s button-type. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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parents:
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|
4434 @end defun |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4435 |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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parents:
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|
4436 @defun button-has-type-p button type |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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parents:
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|
4437 @tindex button-has-type-p |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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parents:
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diff
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|
4438 Return @code{t} if @var{button} has button-type @var{type}, or one of |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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parents:
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|
4439 @var{type}'s subtypes. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4440 @end defun |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4441 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4442 @defun button-at pos |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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parents:
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|
4443 @tindex button-at |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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parents:
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|
4444 Return the button at position @var{pos} in the current buffer, or @code{nil}. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4445 @end defun |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4446 |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
4447 @defun button-type-put type prop val |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4448 @tindex button-type-put |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
4449 Set the button-type @var{type}'s @var{prop} property to @var{val}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
4450 @end defun |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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diff
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|
4451 |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4452 @defun button-type-get type prop |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4453 @tindex button-type-get |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4454 Get the property of button-type @var{type} named @var{prop}. |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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|
4455 @end defun |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
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60442
diff
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|
4456 |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4457 @defun button-type-subtype-p type supertype |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4458 @tindex button-type-subtype-p |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4459 Return @code{t} if button-type @var{type} is a subtype of @var{supertype}. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
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|
4460 @end defun |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
60442
diff
changeset
|
4461 |
53467
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4462 @node Button Buffer Commands |
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|
4463 @subsection Button Buffer Commands |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4464 @cindex button buffer commands |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4465 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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changeset
|
4466 These are commands and functions for locating and operating on |
55246 | 4467 buttons in an Emacs buffer. |
53467
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4468 |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4469 @code{push-button} is the command that a user uses to actually `push' |
59505
19b4e3d63aed
(Button Properties, Button Buffer Commands):
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59493
diff
changeset
|
4470 a button, and is bound by default in the button itself to @key{RET} |
53829
83980e864dd7
(Button Properties, Button Buffer Commands): mouse-2 invokes button,
John Paul Wallington <jpw@pobox.com>
parents:
53468
diff
changeset
|
4471 and to @key{mouse-2} using a region-specific keymap. Commands |
53467
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4472 that are useful outside the buttons itself, such as |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4473 @code{forward-button} and @code{backward-button} are additionally |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4474 available in the keymap stored in @code{button-buffer-map}; a mode |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4475 which uses buttons may want to use @code{button-buffer-map} as a |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4476 parent keymap for its keymap. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4477 |
59505
19b4e3d63aed
(Button Properties, Button Buffer Commands):
Kim F. Storm <storm@cua.dk>
parents:
59493
diff
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|
4478 If the button has a non-@code{nil} @code{follow-link} property, and |
60503
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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|
4479 @var{mouse-1-click-follows-link} is set, a quick @key{Mouse-1} click |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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diff
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|
4480 will also activate the @code{push-button} command. |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents:
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diff
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|
4481 @xref{Links and Mouse-1}. |
59505
19b4e3d63aed
(Button Properties, Button Buffer Commands):
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parents:
59493
diff
changeset
|
4482 |
53467
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|
4483 @deffn Command push-button &optional pos use-mouse-action |
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|
4484 @tindex push-button |
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|
4485 Perform the action specified by a button at location @var{pos}. |
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|
4486 @var{pos} may be either a buffer position or a mouse-event. If |
53468
f641b341c5ec
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|
4487 @var{use-mouse-action} is non-@code{nil}, or @var{pos} is a |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4488 mouse-event (@pxref{Mouse Events}), try to invoke the button's |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4489 @code{mouse-action} property instead of @code{action}; if the button |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4490 has no @code{mouse-action} property, use @code{action} as normal. |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4491 @var{pos} defaults to point, except when @code{push-button} is invoked |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4492 interactively as the result of a mouse-event, in which case, the mouse |
f641b341c5ec
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-13
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|
4493 event's position is used. If there's no button at @var{pos}, do |
53467
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|
4494 nothing and return @code{nil}, otherwise return @code{t}. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4495 @end deffn |
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|
4496 |
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|
4497 @deffn Command forward-button n &optional wrap display-message |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4498 @tindex forward-button |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4499 Move to the @var{n}th next button, or @var{n}th previous button if |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4500 @var{n} is negative. If @var{n} is zero, move to the start of any |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4501 button at point. If @var{wrap} is non-@code{nil}, moving past either |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4502 end of the buffer continues from the other end. If |
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|
4503 @var{display-message} is non-@code{nil}, the button's help-echo string |
53468
f641b341c5ec
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|
4504 is displayed. Any button with a non-@code{nil} @code{skip} property |
f641b341c5ec
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|
4505 is skipped over. Returns the button found. |
53467
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|
4506 @end deffn |
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|
4507 |
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|
4508 @deffn Command backward-button n &optional wrap display-message |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4509 @tindex backward-button |
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|
4510 Move to the @var{n}th previous button, or @var{n}th next button if |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4511 @var{n} is negative. If @var{n} is zero, move to the start of any |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4512 button at point. If @var{wrap} is non-@code{nil}, moving past either |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4513 end of the buffer continues from the other end. If |
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|
4514 @var{display-message} is non-@code{nil}, the button's help-echo string |
53468
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|
4515 is displayed. Any button with a non-@code{nil} @code{skip} property |
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|
4516 is skipped over. Returns the button found. |
53467
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|
4517 @end deffn |
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|
4518 |
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|
4519 @defun next-button pos &optional count-current |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4520 @tindex next-button |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4521 Return the next button after position @var{pos} in the current buffer. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4522 If @var{count-current} is non-@code{nil}, count any button at |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4523 @var{pos} in the search, instead of starting at the next button. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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|
4524 @end defun |
a18219fcd84d
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|
4525 |
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|
4526 @defun previous-button pos &optional count-current |
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4527 @tindex previous-button |
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4528 Return the @var{n}th button before position @var{pos} in the current |
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4529 buffer. If @var{count-current} is non-@code{nil}, count any button at |
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4530 @var{pos} in the search, instead of starting at the next button. |
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4531 @end defun |
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4532 |
6598 | 4533 @node Blinking |
4534 @section Blinking Parentheses | |
4535 @cindex parenthesis matching | |
4536 @cindex blinking | |
4537 @cindex balancing parentheses | |
4538 @cindex close parenthesis | |
4539 | |
4540 This section describes the mechanism by which Emacs shows a matching | |
4541 open parenthesis when the user inserts a close parenthesis. | |
4542 | |
4543 @defvar blink-paren-function | |
4544 The value of this variable should be a function (of no arguments) to | |
4545 be called whenever a character with close parenthesis syntax is inserted. | |
4546 The value of @code{blink-paren-function} may be @code{nil}, in which | |
4547 case nothing is done. | |
4548 @end defvar | |
4549 | |
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4550 @defopt blink-matching-paren |
6598 | 4551 If this variable is @code{nil}, then @code{blink-matching-open} does |
4552 nothing. | |
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4553 @end defopt |
6598 | 4554 |
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4555 @defopt blink-matching-paren-distance |
6598 | 4556 This variable specifies the maximum distance to scan for a matching |
4557 parenthesis before giving up. | |
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4558 @end defopt |
6598 | 4559 |
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4560 @defopt blink-matching-delay |
12098 | 4561 This variable specifies the number of seconds for the cursor to remain |
4562 at the matching parenthesis. A fraction of a second often gives | |
4563 good results, but the default is 1, which works on all systems. | |
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4564 @end defopt |
12098 | 4565 |
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4566 @deffn Command blink-matching-open |
6598 | 4567 This function is the default value of @code{blink-paren-function}. It |
4568 assumes that point follows a character with close parenthesis syntax and | |
4569 moves the cursor momentarily to the matching opening character. If that | |
4570 character is not already on the screen, it displays the character's | |
4571 context in the echo area. To avoid long delays, this function does not | |
4572 search farther than @code{blink-matching-paren-distance} characters. | |
4573 | |
4574 Here is an example of calling this function explicitly. | |
4575 | |
4576 @smallexample | |
4577 @group | |
4578 (defun interactive-blink-matching-open () | |
4579 @c Do not break this line! -- rms. | |
4580 @c The first line of a doc string | |
4581 @c must stand alone. | |
4582 "Indicate momentarily the start of sexp before point." | |
4583 (interactive) | |
4584 @end group | |
4585 @group | |
4586 (let ((blink-matching-paren-distance | |
4587 (buffer-size)) | |
4588 (blink-matching-paren t)) | |
4589 (blink-matching-open))) | |
4590 @end group | |
4591 @end smallexample | |
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4592 @end deffn |
6598 | 4593 |
4594 @node Inverse Video | |
4595 @section Inverse Video | |
4596 @cindex Inverse Video | |
4597 | |
4598 @defopt inverse-video | |
4599 @cindex highlighting | |
4600 This variable controls whether Emacs uses inverse video for all text | |
4601 on the screen. Non-@code{nil} means yes, @code{nil} means no. The | |
4602 default is @code{nil}. | |
4603 @end defopt | |
4604 | |
4605 @node Usual Display | |
4606 @section Usual Display Conventions | |
4607 | |
4608 The usual display conventions define how to display each character | |
4609 code. You can override these conventions by setting up a display table | |
4610 (@pxref{Display Tables}). Here are the usual display conventions: | |
4611 | |
4612 @itemize @bullet | |
4613 @item | |
4614 Character codes 32 through 126 map to glyph codes 32 through 126. | |
4615 Normally this means they display as themselves. | |
4616 | |
4617 @item | |
4618 Character code 9 is a horizontal tab. It displays as whitespace | |
4619 up to a position determined by @code{tab-width}. | |
4620 | |
4621 @item | |
4622 Character code 10 is a newline. | |
4623 | |
4624 @item | |
4625 All other codes in the range 0 through 31, and code 127, display in one | |
9009 | 4626 of two ways according to the value of @code{ctl-arrow}. If it is |
6598 | 4627 non-@code{nil}, these codes map to sequences of two glyphs, where the |
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4628 first glyph is the @acronym{ASCII} code for @samp{^}. (A display table can |
6598 | 4629 specify a glyph to use instead of @samp{^}.) Otherwise, these codes map |
4630 just like the codes in the range 128 to 255. | |
4631 | |
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4632 On MS-DOS terminals, Emacs arranges by default for the character code |
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4633 127 to be mapped to the glyph code 127, which normally displays as an |
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4634 empty polygon. This glyph is used to display non-@acronym{ASCII} characters |
25751
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4635 that the MS-DOS terminal doesn't support. @xref{MS-DOS and MULE,,, |
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4636 emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}. |
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4637 |
6598 | 4638 @item |
4639 Character codes 128 through 255 map to sequences of four glyphs, where | |
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4640 the first glyph is the @acronym{ASCII} code for @samp{\}, and the others are |
22138
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4641 digit characters representing the character code in octal. (A display |
21682
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4642 table can specify a glyph to use instead of @samp{\}.) |
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4643 |
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4644 @item |
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4645 Multibyte character codes above 256 are displayed as themselves, or as a |
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4646 question mark or empty box if the terminal cannot display that |
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4647 character. |
6598 | 4648 @end itemize |
4649 | |
4650 The usual display conventions apply even when there is a display | |
4651 table, for any character whose entry in the active display table is | |
4652 @code{nil}. Thus, when you set up a display table, you need only | |
21682
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4653 specify the characters for which you want special behavior. |
6598 | 4654 |
24951
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4655 These display rules apply to carriage return (character code 13), when |
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4656 it appears in the buffer. But that character may not appear in the |
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4657 buffer where you expect it, if it was eliminated as part of end-of-line |
25454 | 4658 conversion (@pxref{Coding System Basics}). |
24951
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4659 |
6598 | 4660 These variables affect the way certain characters are displayed on the |
4661 screen. Since they change the number of columns the characters occupy, | |
21007
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4662 they also affect the indentation functions. These variables also affect |
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4663 how the mode line is displayed; if you want to force redisplay of the |
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4664 mode line using the new values, call the function |
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4665 @code{force-mode-line-update} (@pxref{Mode Line Format}). |
6598 | 4666 |
4667 @defopt ctl-arrow | |
4668 @cindex control characters in display | |
4669 This buffer-local variable controls how control characters are | |
4670 displayed. If it is non-@code{nil}, they are displayed as a caret | |
4671 followed by the character: @samp{^A}. If it is @code{nil}, they are | |
4672 displayed as a backslash followed by three octal digits: @samp{\001}. | |
4673 @end defopt | |
4674 | |
4675 @c Following may have overfull hbox. | |
4676 @defvar default-ctl-arrow | |
4677 The value of this variable is the default value for @code{ctl-arrow} in | |
4678 buffers that do not override it. @xref{Default Value}. | |
4679 @end defvar | |
4680 | |
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4681 @defopt tab-width |
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4682 The value of this variable is the spacing between tab stops used for |
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4683 displaying tab characters in Emacs buffers. The value is in units of |
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4684 columns, and the default is 8. Note that this feature is completely |
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4685 independent of the user-settable tab stops used by the command |
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4686 @code{tab-to-tab-stop}. @xref{Indent Tabs}. |
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4687 @end defopt |
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4688 |
26696
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4689 @defopt indicate-empty-lines |
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4690 @tindex indicate-empty-lines |
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4691 @cindex fringes, and empty line indication |
52141
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4692 When this is non-@code{nil}, Emacs displays a special glyph in the |
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4693 fringe of each empty line at the end of the buffer, on terminals that |
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4694 support it (window systems). @xref{Fringes}. |
26696
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4695 @end defopt |
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4696 |
58496
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4697 @defvar indicate-buffer-boundaries |
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4698 This buffer-local variable controls how the buffer boundaries and |
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4699 window scrolling are indicated in the window fringes. |
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4700 |
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4701 Emacs can indicate the buffer boundaries---that is, the first and last |
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4702 line in the buffer---with angle icons when they appear on the screen. |
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4703 In addition, Emacs can display an up-arrow in the fringe to show |
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4704 that there is text above the screen, and a down-arrow to show |
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4705 there is text below the screen. |
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4706 |
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4707 There are four kinds of basic values: |
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4708 |
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4709 @table @asis |
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4710 @item @code{nil} |
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4711 Don't display the icons. |
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4712 @item @code{left} |
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4713 Display them in the left fringe. |
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4714 @item @code{right} |
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4715 Display them in the right fringe. |
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4716 @item @var{anything-else} |
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4717 Display the icon at the top of the window top in the left fringe, and other |
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4718 in the right fringe. |
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4719 @end table |
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4720 |
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4721 If value is a cons @code{(@var{angles} . @var{arrows})}, @var{angles} |
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4722 controls the angle icons, and @var{arrows} controls the arrows. Both |
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4723 @var{angles} and @var{arrows} work according to the table above. |
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4724 Thus, @code{(t . right)} places the top angle icon in the left |
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4725 fringe, the bottom angle icon in the right fringe, and both arrows in |
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4726 the right fringe. |
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4727 @end defvar |
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4728 |
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4729 @defvar default-indicate-buffer-boundaries |
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4730 The value of this variable is the default value for |
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4731 @code{indicate-buffer-boundaries} in buffers that do not override it. |
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4732 @end defvar |
6598 | 4733 |
4734 @node Display Tables | |
4735 @section Display Tables | |
4736 | |
4737 @cindex display table | |
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4738 You can use the @dfn{display table} feature to control how all possible |
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4739 character codes display on the screen. This is useful for displaying |
52978
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4740 European languages that have letters not in the @acronym{ASCII} character |
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4741 set. |
6598 | 4742 |
4743 The display table maps each character code into a sequence of | |
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4744 @dfn{glyphs}, each glyph being a graphic that takes up one character |
6598 | 4745 position on the screen. You can also define how to display each glyph |
4746 on your terminal, using the @dfn{glyph table}. | |
4747 | |
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4748 Display tables affect how the mode line is displayed; if you want to |
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4749 force redisplay of the mode line using a new display table, call |
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4750 @code{force-mode-line-update} (@pxref{Mode Line Format}). |
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4751 |
6598 | 4752 @menu |
53467
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4753 * Display Table Format:: What a display table consists of. |
a18219fcd84d
Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4754 * Active Display Table:: How Emacs selects a display table to use. |
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Revision: miles@gnu.org--gnu-2004/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-12
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4755 * Glyphs:: How to define a glyph, and what glyphs mean. |
6598 | 4756 @end menu |
4757 | |
4758 @node Display Table Format | |
4759 @subsection Display Table Format | |
4760 | |
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4761 A display table is actually a char-table (@pxref{Char-Tables}) with |
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4762 @code{display-table} as its subtype. |
6598 | 4763 |
4764 @defun make-display-table | |
4765 This creates and returns a display table. The table initially has | |
4766 @code{nil} in all elements. | |
4767 @end defun | |
4768 | |
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4769 The ordinary elements of the display table are indexed by character |
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4770 codes; the element at index @var{c} says how to display the character |
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4771 code @var{c}. The value should be @code{nil} or a vector of glyph |
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4772 values (@pxref{Glyphs}). If an element is @code{nil}, it says to |
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4773 display that character according to the usual display conventions |
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4774 (@pxref{Usual Display}). |
12067 | 4775 |
4776 If you use the display table to change the display of newline | |
4777 characters, the whole buffer will be displayed as one long ``line.'' | |
6598 | 4778 |
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4779 The display table also has six ``extra slots'' which serve special |
21682
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4780 purposes. Here is a table of their meanings; @code{nil} in any slot |
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4781 means to use the default for that slot, as stated below. |
6598 | 4782 |
4783 @table @asis | |
21007
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4784 @item 0 |
6598 | 4785 The glyph for the end of a truncated screen line (the default for this |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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4786 is @samp{$}). @xref{Glyphs}. On graphical terminals, Emacs uses |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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4787 arrows in the fringes to indicate truncation, so the display table has |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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4788 no effect. |
ed1869261935
(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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4789 |
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4790 @item 1 |
6598 | 4791 The glyph for the end of a continued line (the default is @samp{\}). |
60503
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4792 On graphical terminals, Emacs uses curved arrows in the fringes to |
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4793 indicate continuation, so the display table has no effect. |
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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4794 |
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4795 @item 2 |
6598 | 4796 The glyph for indicating a character displayed as an octal character |
4797 code (the default is @samp{\}). | |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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4798 |
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4799 @item 3 |
6598 | 4800 The glyph for indicating a control character (the default is @samp{^}). |
60503
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(Overlay Arrow, Fringe Bitmaps, Customizing Bitmaps): Now subnodes of Fringes.
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4801 |
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4802 @item 4 |
6598 | 4803 A vector of glyphs for indicating the presence of invisible lines (the |
4804 default is @samp{...}). @xref{Selective Display}. | |
60503
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4805 |
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4806 @item 5 |
8925 | 4807 The glyph used to draw the border between side-by-side windows (the |
25751
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4808 default is @samp{|}). @xref{Splitting Windows}. This takes effect only |
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4809 when there are no scroll bars; if scroll bars are supported and in use, |
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4810 a scroll bar separates the two windows. |
6598 | 4811 @end table |
4812 | |
4813 For example, here is how to construct a display table that mimics the | |
4814 effect of setting @code{ctl-arrow} to a non-@code{nil} value: | |
4815 | |
4816 @example | |
4817 (setq disptab (make-display-table)) | |
4818 (let ((i 0)) | |
4819 (while (< i 32) | |
4820 (or (= i ?\t) (= i ?\n) | |
4821 (aset disptab i (vector ?^ (+ i 64)))) | |
4822 (setq i (1+ i))) | |
4823 (aset disptab 127 (vector ?^ ??))) | |
4824 @end example | |
4825 | |
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4826 @defun display-table-slot display-table slot |
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4827 This function returns the value of the extra slot @var{slot} of |
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4828 @var{display-table}. The argument @var{slot} may be a number from 0 to |
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4829 5 inclusive, or a slot name (symbol). Valid symbols are |
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4830 @code{truncation}, @code{wrap}, @code{escape}, @code{control}, |
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4831 @code{selective-display}, and @code{vertical-border}. |
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4832 @end defun |
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4833 |
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4834 @defun set-display-table-slot display-table slot value |
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4835 This function stores @var{value} in the extra slot @var{slot} of |
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4836 @var{display-table}. The argument @var{slot} may be a number from 0 to |
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4837 5 inclusive, or a slot name (symbol). Valid symbols are |
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4838 @code{truncation}, @code{wrap}, @code{escape}, @code{control}, |
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4839 @code{selective-display}, and @code{vertical-border}. |
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4840 @end defun |
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4841 |
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4842 @defun describe-display-table display-table |
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4843 @tindex describe-display-table |
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4844 This function displays a description of the display table |
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4845 @var{display-table} in a help buffer. |
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4846 @end defun |
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4847 |
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4848 @deffn Command describe-current-display-table |
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4849 @tindex describe-current-display-table |
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4850 This command displays a description of the current display table in a |
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4851 help buffer. |
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4852 @end deffn |
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4853 |
6598 | 4854 @node Active Display Table |
4855 @subsection Active Display Table | |
4856 @cindex active display table | |
4857 | |
4858 Each window can specify a display table, and so can each buffer. When | |
4859 a buffer @var{b} is displayed in window @var{w}, display uses the | |
4860 display table for window @var{w} if it has one; otherwise, the display | |
4861 table for buffer @var{b} if it has one; otherwise, the standard display | |
4862 table if any. The display table chosen is called the @dfn{active} | |
4863 display table. | |
4864 | |
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4865 @defun window-display-table &optional window |
6598 | 4866 This function returns @var{window}'s display table, or @code{nil} |
60503
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4867 if @var{window} does not have an assigned display table. The default |
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4868 for @var{window} is the selected window. |
6598 | 4869 @end defun |
4870 | |
4871 @defun set-window-display-table window table | |
4872 This function sets the display table of @var{window} to @var{table}. | |
4873 The argument @var{table} should be either a display table or | |
4874 @code{nil}. | |
4875 @end defun | |
4876 | |
4877 @defvar buffer-display-table | |
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4878 This variable is automatically buffer-local in all buffers; its value in |
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4879 a particular buffer specifies the display table for that buffer. If it |
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4880 is @code{nil}, that means the buffer does not have an assigned display |
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4881 table. |
6598 | 4882 @end defvar |
4883 | |
4884 @defvar standard-display-table | |
4885 This variable's value is the default display table, used whenever a | |
4886 window has no display table and neither does the buffer displayed in | |
4887 that window. This variable is @code{nil} by default. | |
4888 @end defvar | |
4889 | |
4890 If there is no display table to use for a particular window---that is, | |
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4891 if the window specifies none, its buffer specifies none, and |
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4892 @code{standard-display-table} is @code{nil}---then Emacs uses the usual |
6598 | 4893 display conventions for all character codes in that window. @xref{Usual |
4894 Display}. | |
4895 | |
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4896 A number of functions for changing the standard display table |
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4897 are defined in the library @file{disp-table}. |
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4898 |
6598 | 4899 @node Glyphs |
4900 @subsection Glyphs | |
4901 | |
4902 @cindex glyph | |
4903 A @dfn{glyph} is a generalization of a character; it stands for an | |
4904 image that takes up a single character position on the screen. Glyphs | |
47482
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4905 are represented in Lisp as integers, just as characters are. Normally |
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4906 Emacs finds glyphs in the display table (@pxref{Display Tables}). |
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4907 |
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4908 A glyph can be @dfn{simple} or it can be defined by the @dfn{glyph |
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4909 table}. A simple glyph is just a way of specifying a character and a |
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4910 face to output it in. The glyph code for a simple glyph, mod 524288, |
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4911 is the character to output, and the glyph code divided by 524288 |
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4912 specifies the face number (@pxref{Face Functions}) to use while |
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4913 outputting it. (524288 is |
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4914 @ifnottex |
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4915 2**19.) |
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4916 @end ifnottex |
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4917 @tex |
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|
4918 $2^{19}$.) |
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4919 @end tex |
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4920 @xref{Faces}. |
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4921 |
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4922 On character terminals, you can set up a @dfn{glyph table} to define |
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4923 the meaning of glyph codes. The glyph codes is the value of the |
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4924 variable @code{glyph-table}. |
6598 | 4925 |
4926 @defvar glyph-table | |
4927 The value of this variable is the current glyph table. It should be a | |
49600
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4928 vector; the @var{g}th element defines glyph code @var{g}. |
47482
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4929 |
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4930 If a glyph code is greater than or equal to the length of the glyph |
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4931 table, that code is automatically simple. If the value of |
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4932 @code{glyph-table} is @code{nil} instead of a vector, then all glyphs |
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4933 are simple. The glyph table is not used on graphical displays, only |
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4934 on character terminals. On graphical displays, all glyphs are simple. |
6598 | 4935 @end defvar |
4936 | |
4937 Here are the possible types of elements in the glyph table: | |
4938 | |
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4939 @table @asis |
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4940 @item @var{string} |
6598 | 4941 Send the characters in @var{string} to the terminal to output |
4942 this glyph. This alternative is available on character terminals, | |
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4943 but not under a window system. |
6598 | 4944 |
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4945 @item @var{integer} |
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4946 Define this glyph code as an alias for glyph code @var{integer}. You |
47482
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4947 can use an alias to specify a face code for the glyph and use a small |
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4948 number as its code. |
6598 | 4949 |
4950 @item @code{nil} | |
47482
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4951 This glyph is simple. |
6598 | 4952 @end table |
4953 | |
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4954 @defun create-glyph string |
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4955 @tindex create-glyph |
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4956 This function returns a newly-allocated glyph code which is set up to |
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4957 display by sending @var{string} to the terminal. |
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4958 @end defun |
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4959 |
6598 | 4960 @node Beeping |
4961 @section Beeping | |
4962 @cindex beeping | |
4963 @cindex bell | |
4964 | |
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4965 This section describes how to make Emacs ring the bell (or blink the |
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4966 screen) to attract the user's attention. Be conservative about how |
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4967 often you do this; frequent bells can become irritating. Also be |
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4968 careful not to use just beeping when signaling an error is more |
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4969 appropriate. (@xref{Errors}.) |
6598 | 4970 |
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4971 @defun ding &optional do-not-terminate |
6598 | 4972 @cindex keyboard macro termination |
4973 This function beeps, or flashes the screen (see @code{visible-bell} below). | |
4974 It also terminates any keyboard macro currently executing unless | |
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4975 @var{do-not-terminate} is non-@code{nil}. |
6598 | 4976 @end defun |
4977 | |
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4978 @defun beep &optional do-not-terminate |
6598 | 4979 This is a synonym for @code{ding}. |
4980 @end defun | |
4981 | |
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4982 @defopt visible-bell |
6598 | 4983 This variable determines whether Emacs should flash the screen to |
4984 represent a bell. Non-@code{nil} means yes, @code{nil} means no. This | |
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4985 is effective on a window system, and on a character-only terminal |
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4986 provided the terminal's Termcap entry defines the visible bell |
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4987 capability (@samp{vb}). |
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4988 @end defopt |
6598 | 4989 |
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4990 @defvar ring-bell-function |
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4991 If this is non-@code{nil}, it specifies how Emacs should ``ring the |
25875 | 4992 bell.'' Its value should be a function of no arguments. If this is |
4993 non-@code{nil}, it takes precedence over the @code{visible-bell} | |
4994 variable. | |
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4995 @end defvar |
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4996 |
6598 | 4997 @node Window Systems |
4998 @section Window Systems | |
4999 | |
5000 Emacs works with several window systems, most notably the X Window | |
5001 System. Both Emacs and X use the term ``window'', but use it | |
5002 differently. An Emacs frame is a single window as far as X is | |
5003 concerned; the individual Emacs windows are not known to X at all. | |
5004 | |
5005 @defvar window-system | |
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5006 This variable tells Lisp programs what window system Emacs is running |
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5007 under. The possible values are |
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5008 |
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5009 @table @code |
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5010 @item x |
6598 | 5011 @cindex X Window System |
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5012 Emacs is displaying using X. |
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5013 @item pc |
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5014 Emacs is displaying using MS-DOS. |
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5015 @item w32 |
27332
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5016 Emacs is displaying using Windows. |
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5017 @item mac |
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5018 Emacs is displaying using a Macintosh. |
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5019 @item nil |
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5020 Emacs is using a character-based terminal. |
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5021 @end table |
6598 | 5022 @end defvar |
5023 | |
5024 @defvar window-setup-hook | |
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5025 This variable is a normal hook which Emacs runs after handling the |
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5026 initialization files. Emacs runs this hook after it has completed |
25875 | 5027 loading your init file, the default initialization file (if |
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5028 any), and the terminal-specific Lisp code, and running the hook |
6598 | 5029 @code{term-setup-hook}. |
5030 | |
5031 This hook is used for internal purposes: setting up communication with | |
5032 the window system, and creating the initial window. Users should not | |
5033 interfere with it. | |
5034 @end defvar | |
52401 | 5035 |
5036 @ignore | |
5037 arch-tag: ffdf5714-7ecf-415b-9023-fbc6b409c2c6 | |
5038 @end ignore |