annotate man/faq.texi @ 54484:fe51a218ce8a

Fix keywords.
author Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
date Mon, 22 Mar 2004 07:46:31 +0000
parents c0b7b601058f
children 7fff56f5b73c
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1 \input texinfo @c -*- coding: latin-1; mode: texinfo; -*-
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2 @c %**start of header
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3 @setfilename ../info/efaq
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4 @settitle GNU Emacs FAQ
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5 @c %**end of header
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6
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7 @setchapternewpage odd
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8
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9 @c This is used in many places
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10 @set VER 21.3
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11
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12 @copying
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13 Copyright 2001, 2002, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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14 Copyright 1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000 Reuven M. Lerner@*
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15 Copyright 1992,1993 Steven Byrnes@*
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16 Copyright 1990,1991,1992 Joseph Brian Wells@*
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17
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18 @quotation
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19 This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs with answers
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20 ("FAQ") may be translated into other languages, transformed into other
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21 formats (e.g. Texinfo, Info, WWW, WAIS), and updated with new information.
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22
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23 The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ
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24 itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved
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25 translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to
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26 contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the
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27 latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information).
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28
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29 The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that
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30 the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work
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31 itself allows free copying and redistribution.
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32
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33 [This version has been somewhat edited from the last-posted version
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34 (as of August 1999) for inclusion in the Emacs distribution.]
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35 @end quotation
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36 @end copying
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37
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38 @dircategory Emacs
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39 @direntry
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40 * Emacs FAQ: (efaq). Frequently Asked Questions about Emacs.
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41 @end direntry
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42
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43 @c The @titlepage stuff only appears in the printed version
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44 @titlepage
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45 @sp 10
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46 @center @titlefont{GNU Emacs FAQ}
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47
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48 @c The following two commands start the copyright page.
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49 @page
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50 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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51 @insertcopying
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52 @end titlepage
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53
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54 @node Top, FAQ notation, (dir), (dir)
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55
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56 This is the GNU Emacs FAQ, last updated on @today{}.
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57
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58 The FAQ is maintained as a Texinfo document, allowing us to create HTML,
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59 Info, and TeX documents from a single source file, and is slowly but
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60 surely being improved. Please bear with us as we improve on this
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61 format. This FAQ is maintained as a part of GNU Emacs. If you find
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62 any errors, or have any suggestions, please use @kbd{M-x report-emacs-bug}
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63 to report them.
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64
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65 @menu
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66 * FAQ notation::
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67 * General questions::
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68 * Getting help::
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69 * Status of Emacs::
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70 * Common requests::
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71 * Bugs and problems::
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72 * Compiling and installing Emacs::
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73 * Finding Emacs and related packages::
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74 * Major packages and programs::
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75 * Key bindings::
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76 * Alternate character sets::
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77 * Mail and news::
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78 * Concept index::
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79 @end menu
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80
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81 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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82 @node FAQ notation, General questions, Top, Top
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83 @chapter FAQ notation
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84 @cindex FAQ notation
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85
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86 This chapter describes notation used in the GNU Emacs FAQ, as well as in
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87 the Emacs documentation. Consult this section if this is the first time
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88 you are reading the FAQ, or if you are confused by notation or terms
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89 used in the FAQ.
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90
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91 @menu
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92 * Basic keys::
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93 * Extended commands::
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94 * On-line manual::
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95 * File-name conventions::
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96 * Common acronyms::
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97 @end menu
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98
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99 @node Basic keys, Extended commands, FAQ notation, FAQ notation
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100 @section What do these mean: @kbd{C-h}, @kbd{C-M-a}, @key{RET}, @kbd{@key{ESC} a}, etc.?
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101 @cindex Basic keys
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102 @cindex Control key, notation for
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103 @cindex @key{Meta} key, notation for
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104 @cindex Control-Meta characters, notation for
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105 @cindex @kbd{C-h}, definition of
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106 @cindex @kbd{C-M-h}, definition of
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107 @cindex @key{DEL}, definition of
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108 @cindex @key{ESC}, definition of
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109 @cindex @key{LFD}, definition of
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110 @cindex @key{RET}, definition of
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111 @cindex @key{SPC}, definition of
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112 @cindex @key{TAB}, definition of
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113 @cindex Notation for keys
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114
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115 @itemize @bullet
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116
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117 @item
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118 @kbd{C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Control} key
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119
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120 @item
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121 @kbd{M-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down the @key{Meta} key
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122 (if your computer doesn't have a @key{Meta} key, @pxref{No Meta key})
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123
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124 @item
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125 @kbd{M-C-x}: press the @key{x} key while holding down both @key{Control}
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126 and @key{Meta}
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127
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128 @item
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129 @kbd{C-M-x}: a synonym for the above
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130
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131 @item
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132 @key{LFD}: Linefeed or Newline; same as @kbd{C-j}
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133
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134 @item
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135 @key{RET}: @key{Return}, sometimes marked @key{Enter}; same as @kbd{C-m}
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136
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137 @item
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138 @key{DEL}: @key{Delete}, usually @strong{not} the same as
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139 @key{Backspace}; same as @kbd{C-?} (see @ref{Backspace invokes help}, if
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140 deleting invokes Emacs help)
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141
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142 @item
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143 @key{ESC}: Escape; same as @kbd{C-[}
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144
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145 @item
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146 @key{TAB}: Tab; same as @kbd{C-i}
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147
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148 @item
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149 @key{SPC}: Space bar
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150
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151 @end itemize
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152
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153 Key sequences longer than one key (and some single-key sequences) are
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154 written inside quotes or on lines by themselves, like this:
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155
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156 @display
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157 @kbd{M-x frobnicate-while-foo RET}
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158 @end display
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159
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160 @noindent
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161 Any real spaces in such a key sequence should be ignored; only @key{SPC}
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162 really means press the space key.
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163
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164 The @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{C-x} (except for @kbd{C-?}) is the value
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165 that would be sent by pressing just @key{x} minus 96 (or 64 for
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166 upper-case @key{X}) and will be from 0 to 31. On Unix and GNU/Linux
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167 terminals, the @acronym{ASCII} code sent by @kbd{M-x} is the sum of 128 and the
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168 @acronym{ASCII} code that would be sent by pressing just @key{x}. Essentially,
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169 @key{Control} turns off bits 5 and 6 and @key{Meta} turns on bit
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170 7@footnote{
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171 DOS and Windows terminals don't set bit 7 when the @key{Meta} key is
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172 pressed.}.
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173
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174 @kbd{C-?} (aka @key{DEL}) is @acronym{ASCII} code 127. It is a misnomer to call
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175 @kbd{C-?} a ``control'' key, since 127 has both bits 5 and 6 turned ON.
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176 Also, on very few keyboards does @kbd{C-?} generate @acronym{ASCII} code 127.
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177
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178 @inforef{Text Characters, Text Characters, emacs}, and @inforef{Keys,
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179 Keys, emacs}, for more information. (@xref{On-line manual}, for more
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180 information about Info.)
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181
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182 @node Extended commands, On-line manual, Basic keys, FAQ notation
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183 @section What does @file{M-x @var{command}} mean?
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184 @cindex Extended commands
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185 @cindex Commands, extended
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186 @cindex M-x, meaning of
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187
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188 @kbd{M-x @var{command}} means type @kbd{M-x}, then type the name of the
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189 command, then type @key{RET}. (@xref{Basic keys}, if you're not sure
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190 what @kbd{M-x} and @key{RET} mean.)
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191
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192 @kbd{M-x} (by default) invokes the command
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193 @code{execute-extended-command}. This command allows you to run any
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194 Emacs command if you can remember the command's name. If you can't
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195 remember the command's name, you can type @key{TAB} and @key{SPC} for
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196 completion, @key{?} for a list of possibilities, and @kbd{M-p} and
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197 @kbd{M-n} (or up-arrow and down-arrow on terminals that have these
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198 editing keys) to see previous commands entered. An Emacs @dfn{command}
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199 is an @dfn{interactive} Emacs function.
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200
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201 @cindex @key{Do} key
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202 Your system administrator may have bound other key sequences to invoke
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203 @code{execute-extended-command}. A function key labeled @kbd{Do} is a
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204 good candidate for this, on keyboards that have such a key.
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205
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206 If you need to run non-interactive Emacs functions, see @ref{Evaluating
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207 Emacs Lisp code}.
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208
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209 @node On-line manual, File-name conventions, Extended commands, FAQ notation
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210 @section How do I read topic XXX in the on-line manual?
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211 @cindex On-line manual, reading topics in
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212 @cindex Reading topics in the on-line manual
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213 @cindex Finding topics in the on-line manual
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214 @cindex Info, finding topics in
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215
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216 When we refer you to some @var{topic} in the on-line manual, you can
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217 read this manual node inside Emacs (assuming nothing is broken) by
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218 typing @kbd{C-h i m emacs @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET}}.
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219
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220 This invokes Info, the GNU hypertext documentation browser. If you don't
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221 already know how to use Info, type @key{?} from within Info.
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222
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223 If we refer to @var{topic}:@var{subtopic}, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs
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224 @key{RET} m @var{topic} @key{RET} m @var{subtopic} @key{RET}}.
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225
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226 If these commands don't work as expected, your system administrator may
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227 not have installed the Info files, or may have installed them
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228 improperly. In this case you should complain.
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229
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230 @xref{Getting a printed manual}, if you would like a paper copy of the
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231 Emacs manual.
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232
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233 @node File-name conventions, Common acronyms, On-line manual, FAQ notation
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234 @section What are @file{etc/SERVICE}, @file{src/config.h}, and @file{lisp/default.el}?
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235 @cindex File-name conventions
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236 @cindex Conventions for file names
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237 @cindex Directories and files that come with Emacs
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238
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239 These are files that come with Emacs. The Emacs distribution is divided
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240 into subdirectories; the important ones are @file{etc}, @file{lisp}, and
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241 @file{src}.
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242
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243 If you use Emacs, but don't know where it is kept on your system, start
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244 Emacs, then type @kbd{C-h v data-directory @key{RET}}. The directory
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245 name displayed by this will be the full pathname of the installed
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246 @file{etc} directory. (This full path is recorded in the Emacs variable
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247 @code{data-directory}, and @kbd{C-h v} displays the value and the
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248 documentation of a variable.)
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249
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250 The location of your Info directory (i.e., where on-line documentation
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251 is stored) is kept in the variable @code{Info-default-directory-list}. Use
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252 @kbd{C-h v Info-default-directory-list @key{RET}} to see the value of
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253 this variable, which will be a list of directory names. The last
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254 directory in that list is probably where most Info files are stored. By
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255 default, Info documentation is placed in @file{/usr/local/info}.
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256
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257 Some of these files are available individually via FTP or e-mail; see
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258 @ref{Informational files for Emacs}. They all are available in the
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259 source distribution. Many of the files in the @file{etc} directory are
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260 also available via the Emacs @samp{Help} menu, or by typing @kbd{C-h ?}
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261 (@kbd{M-x help-for-help}).
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262
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263 Your system administrator may have removed the @file{src} directory and
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264 many files from the @file{etc} directory.
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265
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266 @node Common acronyms, , File-name conventions, FAQ notation
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267 @section What are FSF, LPF, OSF, GNU, RMS, FTP, and GPL?
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268 @cindex FSF, definition of
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269 @cindex LPF, definition of
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270 @cindex OSF, definition of
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271 @cindex GNU, definition of
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272 @cindex RMS, definition of
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273 @cindex Stallman, Richard, acronym for
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274 @cindex Richard Stallman, acronym for
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275 @cindex FTP, definition of
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276 @cindex GPL, definition of
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277 @cindex Acronyms, definitions for
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278 @cindex Common acronyms, definitions for
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279
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280 @table @asis
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281
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282 @item FSF
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283 Free Software Foundation
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284
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285 @item LPF
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286 League for Programming Freedom
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287
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288 @item OSF
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289 Open Software Foundation
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290
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291 @item GNU
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292 GNU's Not Unix
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293
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294 @item RMS
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295 Richard Matthew Stallman
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296
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297 @item FTP
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298 File Transfer Protocol
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299
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300 @item GPL
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301 GNU General Public License
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302
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303 @end table
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304
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305 Avoid confusing the FSF, the LPF, and the OSF. The LPF opposes
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306 look-and-feel copyrights and software patents. The FSF aims to make
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307 high quality free software available for everyone. The OSF is a
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308 consortium of computer vendors which develops commercial software for
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309 Unix systems.
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310
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311 The word ``free'' in the title of the Free Software Foundation refers to
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312 ``freedom,'' not ``zero dollars.'' Anyone can charge any price for
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313 GPL-covered software that they want to. However, in practice, the
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314 freedom enforced by the GPL leads to low prices, because you can always
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315 get the software for less money from someone else, since everyone has
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316 the right to resell or give away GPL-covered software.
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317
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318 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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319 @node General questions, Getting help, FAQ notation, Top
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320 @chapter General questions
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321 @cindex General questions
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322
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323 This chapter contains general questions having to do with Emacs, the
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324 Free Software Foundation, and related organizations.
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325
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326 @menu
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327 * The LPF::
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328 * Real meaning of copyleft::
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329 * Guidelines for newsgroup postings::
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330 * Newsgroup archives::
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331 * Reporting bugs::
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332 * Unsubscribing from Emacs lists::
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333 * Contacting the FSF::
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334 @end menu
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335
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336 @node The LPF, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions, General questions
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337 @section What is the LPF?
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338 @cindex LPF, description of
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339 @cindex League for Programming Freedom
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340 @cindex Software patents, opposition to
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341 @cindex Patents for software, opposition to
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342
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343 The LPF opposes the expanding danger of software patents and
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344 look-and-feel copyrights. To get more information, feel free to contact
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345 the LPF via e-mail or otherwise. You may also contact
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346 @email{jbw@@cs.bu.edu, Joe Wells}; he will be happy to talk to you
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347 about the LPF.
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348
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349 You can find more information about the LPF in the file @file{etc/LPF}.
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350 More papers describing the LPF's views are available on the Internet and
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351 also from @uref{http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/, the LPF home page}.
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352
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353 @node Real meaning of copyleft, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, The LPF, General questions
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354 @section What is the real legal meaning of the GNU copyleft?
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355 @cindex Copyleft, real meaning of
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356 @cindex GPL, real meaning of
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357 @cindex General Public License, real meaning of
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358 @cindex Discussion of the GPL
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359
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360 The real legal meaning of the GNU General Public License (copyleft) will
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361 only be known if and when a judge rules on its validity and scope.
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362 There has never been a copyright infringement case involving the GPL to
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363 set any precedents. Please take any discussion regarding this issue to
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364 the newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss}, which was created to hold the
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365 extensive flame wars on the subject.
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366
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367 RMS writes:
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368
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369 @quotation
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370 The legal meaning of the GNU copyleft is less important than the spirit,
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371 which is that Emacs is a free software project and that work pertaining
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372 to Emacs should also be free software. ``Free'' means that all users
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373 have the freedom to study, share, change and improve Emacs. To make
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374 sure everyone has this freedom, pass along source code when you
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375 distribute any version of Emacs or a related program, and give the
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376 recipients the same freedom that you enjoyed.
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377 @end quotation
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378
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379 @node Guidelines for newsgroup postings, Newsgroup archives, Real meaning of copyleft, General questions
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380 @section What are appropriate messages for @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}, @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, @uref{news:comp.emacs}, etc.?
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381 @cindex Newsgroups, appropriate messages for
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382 @cindex GNU newsgroups, appropriate messages for
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383 @cindex Usenet groups, appropriate messages for
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384 @cindex Mailing lists, appropriate messages for
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385 @cindex Posting messages to newsgroups
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386
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387 @cindex GNU mailing lists
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388 The file @file{etc/MAILINGLISTS} describes the purpose of each GNU
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389 mailing list. (@xref{Informational files for Emacs}, if you want a copy
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390 of the file.) For those lists which are gatewayed with newsgroups, it
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391 lists both the newsgroup name and the mailing list address.
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392
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393 The newsgroup @uref{news:comp.emacs} is for discussion of Emacs programs
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394 in general. This includes Emacs along with various other
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395 implementations, such as XEmacs, JOVE, MicroEmacs, Freemacs, MG,
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396 Unipress, CCA, and Epsilon.
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397
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398 Many people post Emacs questions to @uref{news:comp.emacs} because they
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399 don't receive any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups. Arguments have been
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400 made both for and against posting GNU-Emacs-specific material to
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401 @uref{news:comp.emacs}. You have to decide for yourself.
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402
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403 Messages advocating ``non-free'' software are considered unacceptable on
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404 any of the @code{gnu.*} newsgroups except for @uref{news:gnu.misc.discuss},
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405 which was created to hold the extensive flame-wars on the subject.
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406 ``Non-free'' software includes any software for which the end user can't
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407 freely modify the source code and exchange enhancements. Be careful to
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408 remove the @code{gnu.*} groups from the @samp{Newsgroups:} line when
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409 posting a followup that recommends such software.
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410
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411 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug} is a place where bug reports appear, but avoid
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412 posting bug reports to this newsgroup directly (@pxref{Reporting bugs}).
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413
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414 @node Newsgroup archives, Reporting bugs, Guidelines for newsgroup postings, General questions
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415 @section Where can I get old postings to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and other GNU groups?
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416 @cindex Archived postings from @code{gnu.emacs.help}
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417 @cindex Usenet archives for GNU groups
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418 @cindex Old Usenet postings for GNU groups
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419
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420 The FSF has maintained archives of all of the GNU mailing lists for many
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421 years, although there may be some unintentional gaps in coverage. The
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422 archive is not particularly well organized or easy to retrieve
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423 individual postings from, but pretty much everything is there.
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424
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425 The archive is at @uref{ftp://ftp-mailing-list-archives.gnu.org}.
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426
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427 The archive can be browsed over the web at
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428 @uref{http://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/, the GNU mail archive}.
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429
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430 Web-based Usenet search services, such as
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431 @uref{http://groups.google.com, Google}, also archive the
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432 @code{gnu.*} groups.
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433
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434 @node Reporting bugs, Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Newsgroup archives, General questions
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435 @section Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs?
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436 @cindex Bug reporting
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437 @cindex Good bug reports
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438 @cindex How to submit a bug report
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439 @cindex Reporting bugs
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440
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441 The correct way to report Emacs bugs is by e-mail to
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442 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. Anything sent here also appears in the
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443 newsgroup @uref{news:gnu.emacs.bug}, but please use e-mail instead of
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444 news to submit the bug report. This ensures a reliable return address
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445 so you can be contacted for further details.
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446
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447 Be sure to read the ``Bugs'' section of the Emacs manual before reporting
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448 a bug to bug-gnu-emacs! The manual describes in detail how to submit a
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449 useful bug report. (@xref{On-line manual}, if you don't know how to read the
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450 manual.)
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451
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452 RMS says:
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453
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454 @quotation
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455 Sending bug reports to @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} (which has the
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456 effect of posting on @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}) is undesirable because
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457 it takes the time of an unnecessarily large group of people, most of
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458 whom are just users and have no idea how to fix these problem.
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459 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} reaches a much smaller group of people
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460 who are more likely to know what to do and have expressed a wish to
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461 receive more messages about Emacs than the others.
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462 @end quotation
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463
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464 RMS says it is sometimes fine to post to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help}:
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465
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466 @quotation
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467 If you have reported a bug and you don't hear about a possible fix,
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468 then after a suitable delay (such as a week) it is okay to post on
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469 @code{gnu.emacs.help} asking if anyone can help you.
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470 @end quotation
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471
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472 If you are unsure whether you have found a bug, consider the following
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473 non-exhaustive list, courtesy of RMS:
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474
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475 @quotation
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476 If Emacs crashes, that is a bug. If Emacs gets compilation errors
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477 while building, that is a bug. If Emacs crashes while building, that
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478 is a bug. If Lisp code does not do what the documentation says it
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479 does, that is a bug.
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480 @end quotation
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481
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482 @node Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, Contacting the FSF, Reporting bugs, General questions
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483 @section How do I unsubscribe from this mailing list?
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484 @cindex Unsubscribing from GNU mailing lists
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485 @cindex Removing yourself from GNU mailing lists
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486
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487 If you are receiving a GNU mailing list named @var{list}, you might be
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diff changeset
488 able to unsubscribe from it by sending a request to the address
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
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diff changeset
489 @email{@var{list}-request@@gnu.org}. However, this will not work if you are
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490 not listed on the main mailing list, but instead receive the mail from a
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parents:
diff changeset
491 distribution point. In that case, you will have to track down at which
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parents:
diff changeset
492 distribution point you are listed. Inspecting the @samp{Received} headers
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diff changeset
493 on the mail messages may help, along with liberal use of the @samp{EXPN} or
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
494 @samp{VRFY} sendmail commands through @samp{telnet @var{site-address}
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
495 smtp}. Ask your postmaster for help, if you cannot figure out these
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diff changeset
496 details.
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497
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498 @node Contacting the FSF, , Unsubscribing from Emacs lists, General questions
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parents:
diff changeset
499 @section What is the current address of the FSF?
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parents:
diff changeset
500 @cindex Snail mail address of the FSF
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parents:
diff changeset
501 @cindex Postal address of the FSF
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parents:
diff changeset
502 @cindex Contracting the FSF
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parents:
diff changeset
503 @cindex Free Software Foundation, contacting
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parents:
diff changeset
504
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parents:
diff changeset
505 @table @asis
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parents:
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506
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507 @item E-mail
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parents:
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508 gnu@@gnu.org
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509
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510 @item Telephone
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parents:
diff changeset
511 +1-617-542-5942
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parents:
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512
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513 @item Fax
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
514 +1-617-542-2652
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parents:
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515
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516 @item World Wide Web
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517 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/}
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518
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519 @item Postal address
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parents:
diff changeset
520 Free Software Foundation@*
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
521 59 Temple Place - Suite 330@*
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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522 Boston, MA 02111-1307@*
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
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523 USA@*
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parents:
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524
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525 @end table
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526
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diff changeset
527 @cindex Ordering GNU software
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
528 For details on how to order items directly from the FSF, see the
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
529 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
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530
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diff changeset
531 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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diff changeset
532 @node Getting help, Status of Emacs, General questions, Top
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parents:
diff changeset
533 @chapter Getting help
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parents:
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534 @cindex Getting help
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parents:
diff changeset
535
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536 This chapter tells you how to get help with Emacs
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537
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538 @menu
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Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
539 * Basic editing::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
540 * Learning how to do something::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
541 * Getting a printed manual::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
542 * Emacs Lisp documentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
543 * Installing Texinfo documentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
544 * Printing a Texinfo file::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
545 * Viewing Info files outside of Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
546 * Informational files for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
547 * Help installing Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
548 * Obtaining the FAQ::
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549 @end menu
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550
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551 @node Basic editing, Learning how to do something, Getting help, Getting help
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
552 @section I'm just starting Emacs; how do I do basic editing?
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
553 @cindex Basic editing with Emacs
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
554 @cindex Beginning editing
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
555 @cindex Tutorial, invoking the
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
556 @cindex Self-paced tutorial, invoking the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
557 @cindex Help system, entering the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
558
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
559 Type @kbd{C-h t} to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing @kbd{C-h}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
560 enters the help system.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
561
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parents:
diff changeset
562 Your system administrator may have changed @kbd{C-h} to act like
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
563 @key{DEL} to deal with local keyboards. You can use @kbd{M-x
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
564 help-for-help} instead to invoke help. To discover what key (if any)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
565 invokes help on your system, type @kbd{M-x where-is @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
566 help-for-help @key{RET}}. This will print a comma-separated list of key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
567 sequences in the echo area. Ignore the last character in each key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
568 sequence listed. Each of the resulting key sequences invokes help.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
569
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diff changeset
570 Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
571 should be stored in the variable @code{help-char}.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
572
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573 There is also a WWW-based tutorial for Emacs 18, much of which is also
34741
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
574 relevant for later versions of Emacs, available at
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575
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parents:
diff changeset
576 @uref{http://kufacts.cc.ukans.edu/cwis/writeups/misc/emacsguide.html}
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parents:
diff changeset
577
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
578 @node Learning how to do something, Getting a printed manual, Basic editing, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
579 @section How do I find out how to do something in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
580 @cindex Help for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
581 @cindex Learning to do something in Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
582 @cindex Reference card for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
583 @cindex Overview of help systems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
584
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
585 There are several methods for finding out how to do things in Emacs.
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parents:
diff changeset
586
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parents:
diff changeset
587 @itemize @bullet
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
588
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
589 @cindex Reading the Emacs manual
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parents:
diff changeset
590 @item
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
591 The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
592 hypertext reader. Type @kbd{C-h i} to invoke Info. Typing @key{h}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
593 immediately after entering Info will provide a short tutorial on how to
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
594 use it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
595
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
596 @cindex Lookup a subject in a manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
597 @cindex Index search in a manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
598 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
599 To quickly locate the section of the manual which discusses a certain
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
600 issue, or describes a command or a variable, type @kbd{C-h i m emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
601 @key{RET} i @var{topic} @key{RET}}, where @var{topic} is the name of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
602 topic, the command, or the variable which you are looking for. If this
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
603 does not land you on the right place in the manual, press @kbd{,}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
604 (comma) repeatedly until you find what you need. (The @kbd{i} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
605 @kbd{,} keys invoke the index-searching functions, which look for the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
606 @var{topic} you type in all the indices of the Emacs manual.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
607
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
608 @cindex Apropos
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
609 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
610 You can list all of the commands whose names contain a certain word
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
611 (actually which match a regular expression) using @kbd{C-h a} (@kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
612 command-apropos}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
613
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
614 @cindex Command description in the manual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
615 @item
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
616 The command @kbd{C-h F} (@code{Info-goto-emacs-command-node}) prompts
34741
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
617 for the name of a command, and then attempts to find the section in the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
618 Emacs manual where that command is described.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
619
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
620 @cindex Finding commands and variables
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
621 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
622 You can list all of the functions and variables whose names contain a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
623 certain word using @kbd{M-x apropos}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
624
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
625 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
626 You can list all of the functions and variables whose documentation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
627 matches a regular expression or a string, using @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
628 apropos-documentation}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
629
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diff changeset
630 @item
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parents:
diff changeset
631 You can order a hardcopy of the manual from the FSF. @xref{Getting a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
632 printed manual}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
633
34741
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
634 @cindex Reference cards, in other languages
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
635 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
636 You can get a printed reference card listing commands and keys to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
637 invoke them. You can order one from the FSF for $1 (or 10 for $5),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
638 or you can print your own from the @file{etc/refcard.tex} or
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
639 @file{etc/refcard.ps} files in the Emacs distribution. Beginning with
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
640 version 21.1, the Emacs distribution comes with translations of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
641 reference card into several languages; look for files named
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
642 @file{etc/@var{lang}-refcard.*}, where @var{lang} is a two-letter code
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
643 of the language. For example, the German version of the reference card
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
644 is in the files @file{etc/de-refcard.tex} and @file{etc/de-refcard.ps}.
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
645
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
646 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
647 There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
648 information. To get a list of these commands, type @samp{?} after
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
649 @kbd{C-h}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
650
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
651 @end itemize
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parents:
diff changeset
652
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parents:
diff changeset
653 @node Getting a printed manual, Emacs Lisp documentation, Learning how to do something, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
654 @section How do I get a printed copy of the Emacs manual?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
655 @cindex Printed Emacs manual, obtaining
40014
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
656 @cindex Manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
657 @cindex Emacs manual, obtaining a printed or HTML copy of
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
658
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
659 You can order a printed copy of the Emacs manual from the FSF. For
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
660 details see the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
661
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
662 @c The number 620 below is version-dependent!
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
663 The full Texinfo source for the manual also comes in the @file{man}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
664 directory of the Emacs distribution, if you're daring enough to try to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
665 print out this 620-page manual yourself (@pxref{Printing a Texinfo
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
666 file}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
667
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
668 If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have @TeX{},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
669 you can get a PostScript version from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
670
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
671 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/manual/emacs/ps/emacs.ps.gz}
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
672
40014
79d5f2aed303 (Getting a printed manual): Add an index entry for HTML version
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39551
diff changeset
673 @cindex HTML version of Emacs manual, obtaining
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
674 An HTML version of the manual is at
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
675
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
676 @uref{www.gnu.org/manual/emacs/index.html}
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
677
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
678 @xref{Learning how to do something}, for how to view the manual on-line.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
679
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
680 @node Emacs Lisp documentation, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting a printed manual, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
681 @section Where can I get documentation on Emacs Lisp?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
682 @cindex Documentation on Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
683 @cindex Function documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
684 @cindex Variable documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
685 @cindex Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
686 @cindex Reference manual for Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
687
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
688 Within Emacs, you can type @kbd{C-h f} to get the documentation for a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
689 function, @kbd{C-h v} for a variable.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
690
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
691 For more information, obtain the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. Details
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
692 on ordering it from FSF are on the
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
693 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
694
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
695 The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is also available on-line, in Info
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
696 format. Texinfo source for the manual (along with pregenerated Info
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
697 files) is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
698
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
699 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-manual-21-2.6.tar.gz}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
700
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
701 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
702 distributions}). @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}, if you want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
703 to install the Info files, or @ref{Printing a Texinfo file}, if you want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
704 to use the Texinfo source to print the manual yourself.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
705
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
706 An HTML version of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
707
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
708 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/manual/elisp-manual-21-2.6/elisp.html}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
709
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
710 @node Installing Texinfo documentation, Printing a Texinfo file, Emacs Lisp documentation, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
711 @section How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
712 @cindex Texinfo documentation, installing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
713 @cindex Installing Texinfo documentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
714 @cindex New Texinfo files, installing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
715 @cindex Documentation, installing new Texinfo files
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
716 @cindex Info files, how to install
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
717
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
718 First, you must turn the Texinfo files into Info files. You may do this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
719 using the stand-alone @file{makeinfo} program, available as part of the latest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
720 Texinfo package at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
721
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
722 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-4.0.tar.gz}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
723
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
724 and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
725 distributions}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
726
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
727 For information about the Texinfo format, read the Texinfo manual which
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
728 comes with the Texinfo package. This manual also comes installed in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
729 Info format, so you can read it on-line; type @kbd{C-h i m texinfo
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
730 @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
731
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
732 Alternatively, you could use the Emacs command @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
733 texinfo-format-buffer}, after visiting the Texinfo source file of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
734 manual you want to convert.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
735
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
736 Neither @code{texinfo-format-buffer} nor @file{makeinfo} installs the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
737 resulting Info files in Emacs's Info tree. To install Info files,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
738 perform these steps:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
739
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
740 @enumerate
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
741 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
742 Move the files to the @file{info} directory in the installed Emacs
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
743 distribution. @xref{File-name conventions}, if you don't know where that
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
744 is.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
745
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
746 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
747 Run the @code{install-info} command, which is part of the Texinfo
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
748 distribution, to update the main Info directory menu, like this:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
749
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
750 @example
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
751 install-info --info-dir=@var{dir-path} @var{dir-path}/@var{file}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
752 @end example
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
753
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
754 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
755 where @var{dir-path} is the full path to the directory where you copied
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
756 the produced Info file(s), and @var{file} is the name of the Info file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
757 you produced and want to install.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
758
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
759 If you don't have the @code{install-info} command installed, you can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
760 edit the file @file{info/dir} in the installed Emacs distribution, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
761 add a line for the top level node in the Info package that you are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
762 installing. Follow the examples already in this file. The format is:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
763
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
764 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
765 * Topic: (relative-pathname). Short description of topic.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
766 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
767
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
768 @end enumerate
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
769
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
770 If you want to install Info files and you don't have the necessary
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
771 privileges, you have several options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
772
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
773 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
774 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
775 Info files don't actually need to be installed before being used. You
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
776 can feed a file name to the @code{Info-goto-node} command (invoked by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
777 pressing @key{g} in Info mode) by typing the name of the file in
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
778 parentheses. This goes to the node named ``Top'' in that file. For
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
779 example, to view a Info file named @file{@var{info-file}} in your home
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
780 directory, you can type this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
781
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
782 @example
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
783 @kbd{C-h i g (~/@var{info-file}) @key{RET}}
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
784 @end example
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
785
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
786 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
787 You can create your own Info directory. You can tell Emacs where that
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
788 Info directory is by adding its pathname to the value of the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
789 @code{Info-default-directory-list}. For example, to use a private Info
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
790 directory which is a subdirectory of your home directory named @file{Info},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
791 you could put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
792
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
793 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
794 (setq Info-default-directory-list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
795 (cons "~/Info" Info-default-directory-list))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
796 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
797
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
798 You will need a top-level Info file named @file{dir} in this directory
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
799 which has everything the system @file{dir} file has in it, except it should
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
800 list only entries for Info files in that directory. You might not need
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
801 it if all files in this directory were referenced by other @file{dir}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
802 files. The node lists from all @file{dir} files in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
803 @code{Info-default-directory-list} are merged by the Info system.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
804
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
805 @end itemize
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
806
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
807 @node Printing a Texinfo file, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Installing Texinfo documentation, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
808 @section How do I print a Texinfo file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
809 @cindex Printing a Texinfo file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
810 @cindex Texinfo file, printing
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
811 @cindex Printing documentation
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
812
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
813 You can't get nicely printed output from Info files; you must still have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
814 the original Texinfo source file for the manual you want to print.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
815
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
816 Assuming you have @TeX{} installed on your system, follow these steps:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
817
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
818 @enumerate
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
819
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
820 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
821 Make sure the first line of the Texinfo file looks like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
822
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
823 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
824 \input texinfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
825 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
826
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
827 You may need to change @samp{texinfo} to the full pathname of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
828 @file{texinfo.tex} file, which comes with Emacs as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
829 @file{man/texinfo.tex} (or copy or link it into the current directory).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
830
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
831 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
832 Type @kbd{texi2dvi @var{texinfo-source}}, where @var{texinfo-source} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
833 the name of the Texinfo source file for which you want to produce a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
834 printed copy.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
835
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
836 The @samp{texi2dvi} script is part of the GNU Texinfo distribution
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
837 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
838
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
839 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
840 Print the DVI file @file{@var{texinfo-source}.dvi} in the normal way for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
841 printing DVI files at your site. For example, if you have a PostScript
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
842 printer, run the @code{dvips} program to print the DVI file on that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
843 printer.
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
844
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
845 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
846
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
847 To get more general instructions, retrieve the latest Texinfo package
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
848 (@pxref{Installing Texinfo documentation}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
849
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
850 @node Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Informational files for Emacs, Printing a Texinfo file, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
851 @section Can I view Info files without using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
852 @cindex Viewing Info files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
853 @cindex Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
854 @cindex Alternative Info file viewers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
855
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
856 Yes. Here are some alternative programs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
857
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
858 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
859
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
860 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
861 @code{info}, a stand-alone version of the Info program, comes as part of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
862 the Texinfo package. @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
863 details.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
864
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
865 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
866 Xinfo, a stand-alone version of the Info program that runs under X
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
867 Window system. You can get it at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
868 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/xinfo/xinfo-1.01.01.tar.gz} and all
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
869 mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
870 list of mirrors).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
871
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
872 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
873 Tkinfo, an Info viewer that runs under X Window system and uses Tcl/Tk.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
874 You can get Tkinfo at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
875 @uref{http://math-www.uni-paderborn.de/~axel/tkinfo/}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
876
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
877 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
878
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
879 @node Informational files for Emacs, Help installing Emacs, Viewing Info files outside of Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
880 @section What informational files are available for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
881 @cindex Informational files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
882 @cindex Files included with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
883 @cindex @file{COPYING}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
884 @cindex @file{DISTRIB}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
885 @cindex @file{FTP}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
886 @cindex @file{GNU}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
887 @cindex @file{INTERVIEW}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
888 @cindex @file{LPF}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
889 @cindex @file{MACHINES}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
890 @cindex @file{MAILINGLISTS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
891 @cindex @file{NEWS}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
892 @cindex @file{SERVICE}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
893 @cindex @file{SUN-SUPPORT}, description of file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
894
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
895 This isn't a frequently asked question, but it should be! A variety of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
896 informational files about Emacs and relevant aspects of the GNU project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
897 are available for you to read.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
898
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
899 The following files are available in the @file{etc} directory of the
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
900 Emacs distribution (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're not sure
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
901 where that is).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
902
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
903 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
904
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
905 @item COPYING
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
906 Emacs General Public License
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
907
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
908 @item DISTRIB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
909 Emacs Availability Information, including the popular "Free Software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
910 Foundation Order Form"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
911
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
912 @item FTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
913 How to get GNU Software by Internet FTP or by UUCP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
914
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
915 @item GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
916 The GNU Manifesto
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
917
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
918 @item INTERVIEW
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
919 Richard Stallman discusses his public-domain UNIX-compatible software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
920 system with BYTE editors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
921
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
922 @item LPF
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
923 Why you should join the League for Programming Freedom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
924
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
925 @item MACHINES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
926 Status of Emacs on Various Machines and Systems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
927
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
928 @item MAILINGLISTS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
929 GNU Project Electronic Mailing Lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
930
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
931 @item NEWS
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
932 Emacs news, a history of recent user-visible changes
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
933
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
934 @item SERVICE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
935 GNU Service Directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
936
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
937 @item SUN-SUPPORT
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
938 including "Using Emacstool with GNU Emacs"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
939
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
940 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
941
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
942 Latest versions of the above files also available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
943
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
944 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
945
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
946 More GNU information, including back issues of the @cite{GNU's
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
947 Bulletin}, are at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
948
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
949 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
950
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
951 @uref{http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
952
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
953 @node Help installing Emacs, Obtaining the FAQ, Informational files for Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
954 @section Where can I get help in installing Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
955 @cindex Installation help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
956 @cindex Help installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
957
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
958 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for some basic installation hints, and see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
959 @ref{Problems building Emacs}, or @ref{Linking with -lX11 fails}, if you
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
960 have problems with the installation.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
961
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
962 The file @file{etc/SERVICE} (see @ref{File-name conventions}, if you're
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
963 not sure where that is) lists companies and individuals willing to sell
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
964 you help in installing or using Emacs. An up-to-date version this file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
965 is available on @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (@pxref{Informational files for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
966 Emacs}).
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
967
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
968 @node Obtaining the FAQ, , Help installing Emacs, Getting help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
969 @section Where can I get the latest version of this FAQ?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
970 @cindex FAQ, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
971 @cindex Latest FAQ version, obtaining the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
972 @cindex Retrieving the latest FAQ version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
973 @cindex E-mail, retrieving the FAQ via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
974 @cindex Web, reading the FAQ on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
975
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
976 The Emacs FAQ is available in several ways:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
977
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
978 @itemize @bullet
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parents:
diff changeset
979
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parents:
diff changeset
980 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
981 Inside of Emacs itself. You can get it from selecting the @samp{Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
982 FAQ} option from the @samp{Help} menu of the Emacs menu bar at the top
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
983 of any Emacs frame, or by typing @kbd{C-h C-f} (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-FAQ}).
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
984
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
985 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
986 Via USENET. If you can read news, the FAQ should be available in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
987 news spool, in both the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} and
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
988 @uref{news:comp.emacs} newsgroups. Every news reader should allow you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
989 to read any news article that is still in the news spool, even if you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
990 have read the article before. You may need to read the instructions for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
991 your news reader to discover how to do this. In @file{rn}, this command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
992 will do this for you at the article selection level:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
993
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
994 @example
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
995 ?GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions?rc:m
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
996 @end example
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
997
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
998 In Gnus, you should type @kbd{C-u C-x C-s} from the @file{*Summary*}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
999 buffer or @kbd{C-u @key{SPC}} from the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer to view
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1000 all articles in a newsgroup.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1001
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1002 If the FAQ articles have expired and have been deleted from your news
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1003 spool, it might (or might not) do some good to complain to your news
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
1004 administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1005 while.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1006
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1007 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1008 Via HTTP or FTP. You can always fetch the latest FAQ from
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1009
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1010 @uref{http://www.lerner.co.il/emacs/} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1011
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1012 @uref{ftp://ftp.lerner.co.il/pub/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1013
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1014 @item
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1015 In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1016 of release has been part of the Emacs distribution as either
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1017 @file{etc/FAQ} or @file{man/faq.texi} (@pxref{File-name conventions}).
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parents:
diff changeset
1018
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1019 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1020 Via the World Wide Web. A hypertext version is available at
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1021
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1022 @uref{http://www.lerner.co.il/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1023
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1024 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1025 Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from @file{rtfm.mit.edu} (and its mirror in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1026 Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1027 news.answers. The Emacs FAQs are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1028
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1029 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1030
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1031 @uref{ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/pub/doc/FAQ/comp/emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1032
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1033 If you do not have access to anonymous FTP, you can access the archives
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1034 using the @file{rtfm.mit.edu} mail server. The Emacs FAQ can be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1035 retrieved by sending mail to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu} with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1036 blank subject and containing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1037
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1038 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1039 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1040 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part1
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1041 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part2
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1042 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1043 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part4
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1044 send usenet/news.answers/GNU-Emacs-FAQ/part5
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1045 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1046
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1047 For more information, send email to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1048 with "help" and "index" in the body on separate lines.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1049
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1050 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1051 As the very last resort, you can e-mail a request to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1052 @email{emacs-faq@@lerner.co.il}. Don't do this unless you have made a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1053 good-faith effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the methods listed
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1054 above.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1055
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1056 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1057
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1058 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1059 @node Status of Emacs, Common requests, Getting help, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1060 @chapter Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1061 @cindex Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1062
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1063 This chapter gives you basic information about Emacs, including its
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1064 latest version status.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1065
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1066 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1067 * Origin of the term Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1068 * Latest version of Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1069 * New in Emacs 20::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1070 * New in Emacs 21::
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1071 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1072
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1073 @node Origin of the term Emacs, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs, Status of Emacs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1074 @section Where does the name ``Emacs'' come from?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1075 @cindex Origin of the term ``Emacs''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1076 @cindex Emacs name origin
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1077 @cindex TECO
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1078 @cindex Original version of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1079
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1080 Emacs originally was an acronym for Editor MACroS. RMS says he ``picked
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1081 the name Emacs because @key{E} was not in use as an abbreviation on ITS at
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1082 the time.'' The first Emacs was a set of macros written in 1976 at MIT
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
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parents:
diff changeset
1083 by RMS for the editor TECO (Text Editor and COrrector, originally Tape
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1084 Editor and COrrector) under ITS on a PDP-10. RMS had already extended
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1085 TECO with a ``real-time'' full-screen mode with reprogrammable keys.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1086 Emacs was started by @email{gls@@east.sun.com, Guy Steele} as a project
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1087 to unify the many divergent TECO command sets and key bindings at MIT,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1088 and completed by RMS.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1089
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1090 Many people have said that TECO code looks a lot like line noise; you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1091 can read more at @uref{news:alt.lang.teco}. Someone has written a TECO
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1092 implementation in Emacs Lisp (to find it, see @ref{Packages that do not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1093 come with Emacs}); it would be an interesting project to run the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1094 original TECO Emacs inside of Emacs.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1095
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1096 @cindex Why Emacs?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1097 For some not-so-serious alternative reasons for Emacs to have that
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1098 name, check out the file @file{etc/JOKES} (@pxref{File-name
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1099 conventions}).
25474
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parents:
diff changeset
1100
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1101 @node Latest version of Emacs, New in Emacs 20, Origin of the term Emacs, Status of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1102 @section What is the latest version of Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1103 @cindex Version, latest
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1104 @cindex Latest version of Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1105
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1106 Emacs @value{VER} is the current version as of this writing.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1107
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1108 @node New in Emacs 20, New in Emacs 21, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1109 @section What is different about Emacs 20?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1110 @cindex Differences between Emacs 19 and Emacs 20
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1111 @cindex Emacs 20, new features in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1112
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
1113 To find out what has changed in recent versions, type @kbd{C-h C-n}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1114 (@kbd{M-x view-emacs-news}). The oldest changes are at the bottom of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1115 the file, so you might want to read it starting there, rather than at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1116 the top.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1117
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1118 The differences between Emacs versions 18 and 19 was rather dramatic;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1119 the introduction of frames, faces, and colors on windowing systems was
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1120 obvious to even the most casual user.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1121
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1122 There are differences between Emacs versions 19 and 20 as well, but many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1123 are more subtle or harder to find. Among the changes are the inclusion
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1124 of MULE code for languages that use non-Latin characters and for mixing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1125 several languages in the same document; the ``Customize'' facility for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1126 modifying variables without having to use Lisp; and automatic conversion
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1127 of files from Macintosh, Microsoft, and Unix platforms.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1128
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1129 A number of older Lisp packages, such as Gnus, Supercite and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1130 calendar/diary, have been updated and enhanced to work with Emacs 20,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1131 and are now included with the standard distribution.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1132
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1133
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1134 @node New in Emacs 21, , New in Emacs 20, Status of Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1135 @section What is different about Emacs 21?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1136 @cindex Differences between Emacs 20 and Emacs 21
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1137 @cindex Emacs 21, new features in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1138 @cindex Recently introduced features
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1139
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1140 @cindex Variable-size fonts
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1141 @cindex Toolbar support
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1142 Emacs 21 features a thorough rewrite of the display engine. The new
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1143 display engine supports variable-size fonts, images, and can play sounds
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
1144 on platforms which support that. As a result, the visual appearance of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1145 Emacs, when it runs on a windowed display, is much more reminiscent of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1146 modern GUI programs, and includes 3D widgets (used for the mode line and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1147 the scroll bars), a configurable and extensible toolbar, tooltips
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1148 (a.k.a.@: balloon help), and other niceties.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1149
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1150 @cindex Colors on text-only terminals
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1151 @cindex TTY colors
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1152 In addition, Emacs 21 supports faces on text-only terminals. This means
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1153 that you can now have colors when you run Emacs on a GNU/Linux console
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1154 and on @code{xterm} with @kbd{emacs -nw}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1155
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1156 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1157 @node Common requests, Bugs and problems, Status of Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1158 @chapter Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1159 @cindex Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1160
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1161 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1162 * Setting up a customization file::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1163 * Debugging a customization file::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1164 * Colors on a TTY::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1165 * Displaying the current line or column::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1166 * Displaying the current file name in the titlebar::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1167 * Turning on abbrevs by default::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1168 * Turning on auto-fill by default::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1169 * Associating modes with files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1170 * Working with unprintable characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1171 * Highlighting a region::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1172 * Controlling case sensitivity::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1173 * Wrapping words automatically::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1174 * Spell-checkers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1175 * Checking TeX and *roff documents::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1176 * Changing load-path::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1177 * Using an already running Emacs process::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1178 * Compiler error messages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1179 * Indenting switch statements::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1180 * Customizing C and C++ indentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1181 * Horizontal scrolling::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1182 * Overwrite mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1183 * Turning off beeping::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1184 * Turning the volume down::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1185 * Automatic indentation::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1186 * Matching parentheses::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1187 * Hiding #ifdef lines::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1188 * Repeating commands::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1189 * Valid X resources::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1190 * Evaluating Emacs Lisp code::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1191 * Changing the length of a Tab::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1192 * Inserting > at the beginning of each line::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1193 * Underlining paragraphs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1194 * Repeating a command as many times as possible::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1195 * Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1196 * Forcing Emacs to iconify itself::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1197 * Using regular expressions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1198 * Replacing text across multiple files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1199 * Documentation for etags::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1200 * Disabling backups::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1201 * Disabling auto-save-mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1202 * Going to a line by number::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1203 * Modifying pull-down menus::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1204 * Deleting menus and menu options::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1205 * Turning on syntax highlighting::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1206 * Scrolling only one line::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1207 * Replacing highlighted text::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1208 * Editing MS-DOS files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1209 * Filling paragraphs with a single space::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1210 * Escape sequences in shell output::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1211 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1212
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1213 @node Setting up a customization file, Colors on a TTY, Common requests, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1214 @section How do I set up a @file{.emacs} file properly?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1215 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, setting up
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
1216 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, locating
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1217 @cindex Init file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1218 @cindex Customization file, setting up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1219
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
1220 @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1221
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1222 In general, new Emacs users should not have @file{.emacs} files, because
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1223 it causes confusing non-standard behavior. Then they send questions to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1224 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} asking why Emacs isn't behaving as
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1225 documented.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1226
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1227 Beginning with version 20.1, Emacs includes the new Customize
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1228 facility, which can be invoked using @kbd{M-x customize @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1229 This allows users who are unfamiliar with Emacs Lisp to modify their
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1230 @file{.emacs} files in a relatively straightforward way, using menus
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1231 rather than Lisp code. Not all packages support Customize as of this
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1232 writing, but the number is growing fairly steadily.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1233
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1234 While Customize might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1235 consider taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1236 @file{.emacs} directly. Simple configuration options are described
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1237 rather completely in @inforef{Init File, Init File, emacs}, for users
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1238 interested in performing frequently requested, basic tasks.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1239
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1240 Sometimes users are unsure as to where their @file{.emacs} file should
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1241 be found. Visiting the file as @file{~/.emacs} from Emacs will find
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1242 the correct file.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1243
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1244 @node Colors on a TTY, Debugging a customization file, Setting up a customization file, Common requests
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1245 @section How do I get colors and syntax highlighting on a TTY?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1246 @cindex Colors on a TTY
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1247 @cindex Syntax highlighting on a TTY
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1248 @cindex Console, colors
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1249
43960
397a4490dc38 Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42674
diff changeset
1250 In Emacs 21.1 and later, colors and faces are supported in non-windowed mode,
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
1251 i.e.@: on Unix and GNU/Linux text-only terminals and consoles, and when
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1252 invoked as @samp{emacs -nw} on X and MS-Windows. (Colors and faces were
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1253 supported in the MS-DOS port since Emacs 19.29.) Emacs automatically
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1254 detects color support at startup and uses it if available. If you think
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1255 that your terminal supports colors, but Emacs won't use them, check the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1256 @code{termcap} entry for your display type for color-related
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1257 capabilities.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1258
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1259 The command @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} pops up a window which
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1260 exhibits all the colors Emacs knows about on the current display.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1261
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1262 Syntax highlighting is usually turned off by default; see @ref{Turning
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1263 on syntax highlighting}, for instructions how to turn it on.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1264
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1265 @node Debugging a customization file, Displaying the current line or column, Colors on a TTY, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1266 @section How do I debug a @file{.emacs} file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1267 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1268 @cindex @file{.emacs} debugging
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1269 @cindex Init file debugging
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1270 @cindex @samp{-debug-init} option
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1271
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1272 Start Emacs with the @samp{-debug-init} command-line option. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1273 enables the Emacs Lisp debugger before evaluating your @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1274 file, and places you in the debugger if something goes wrong. The top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1275 line in the @file{trace-back} buffer will be the error message, and the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1276 second or third line of that buffer will display the Lisp code from your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1277 @file{.emacs} file that caused the problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1278
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1279 You can also evaluate an individual function or argument to a function
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1280 in your @file{.emacs} file by moving the cursor to the end of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1281 function or argument and typing @kbd{C-x C-e} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1282 eval-last-sexp}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1283
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1284 Use @kbd{C-h v} (@kbd{M-x describe-variable}) to check the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1285 variables which you are trying to set or use.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1286
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1287 @node Displaying the current line or column, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Debugging a customization file, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1288 @section How do I make Emacs display the current line (or column) number?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1289 @cindex @code{line-number-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1290 @cindex Displaying the current line or column
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1291 @cindex Line number, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1292 @cindex Column, displaying the current
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1293 @cindex @code{mode-line-format}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1294
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1295 To have Emacs automatically display the current line number of the point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1296 in the mode line, do @kbd{M-x line-number-mode}. You can also put the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1297 form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1298
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1299 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1300 (setq line-number-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1301 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1302
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1303 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1304 in your @file{.emacs} file to achieve this whenever you start Emacs.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1305 (Line number display is on by default, unless your site-specific
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1306 initialization disables it.) Note that Emacs will not display the line
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1307 number if the buffer's size in bytes is larger than the value of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1308 variable @code{line-number-display-limit}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1309
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1310 As of Emacs 20, you can similarly display the current column with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1311 @kbd{M-x column-number-mode}, or by putting the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1312
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1313 @lisp
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1314 (setq column-number-mode t)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1315 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1316
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1317 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1318 in your @file{.emacs} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1319
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1320 The @code{"%c"} format specifier in the variable @code{mode-line-format}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1321 will insert the current column's value into the mode line. See the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1322 documentation for @code{mode-line-format} (using @kbd{C-h v
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1323 mode-line-format @key{RET}}) for more information on how to set and use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1324 this variable.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1325
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1326 Users of all Emacs versions can display the current column using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1327 @samp{column} package written by @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1328 Abrahamsen}. @xref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1329 instructions on how to get it.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1330
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1331 @cindex Set number capability in @code{vi} emulators
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1332 None of the @code{vi} emulation modes provide the ``set number''
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1333 capability of @code{vi} (as far as we know). The @samp{setnu} package
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1334 written by @email{kyle@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones} provides this
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1335 feature. So too does @samp{wb-line-number}, written by
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1336 @email{naoki.y.nakamura@@nifty.com, Naoki Nakamura}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1337
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1338 @node Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Turning on abbrevs by default, Displaying the current line or column, Common requests
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1339 @section How can I modify the titlebar to contain the current file name?
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1340 @cindex Titlebar, displaying the current file name in
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1341 @cindex File name, displaying in the titlebar
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1342 @cindex @code{frame-title-format}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1343
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1344 The contents of an Emacs frame's titlebar is controlled by the variable
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1345 @code{frame-title-format}, which has the same structure as the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1346 @code{mode-line-format}. (Use @kbd{C-h v} or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1347 describe-variable} to get information about one or both of these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1348 variables.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1349
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1350 By default, the titlebar for a frame does contain the name of the buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1351 currently being visited, except if there is a single frame. In such a
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1352 case, the titlebar contains Emacs invocation name and the name of the
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1353 machine at which Emacs was invoked. This is done by setting
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1354 @code{frame-title-format} to the default value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1355
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1356 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1357 (multiple-frames "%b" ("" invocation-name "@@" system-name))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1358 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1359
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1360 To modify the behavior such that frame titlebars contain the buffer's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1361 name regardless of the number of existing frames, include the following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1362 in your @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1363
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1364 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1365 (setq frame-title-format "%b")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1366 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1367
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
1368 @node Turning on abbrevs by default, Turning on auto-fill by default, Displaying the current file name in the titlebar, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1369 @section How do I turn on abbrevs by default just in mode @var{mymode}?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1370 @cindex Abbrevs, turning on by default
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1371
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1372 Put this in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1373
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1374 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1375 (condition-case ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1376 (quietly-read-abbrev-file)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1377 (file-error nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1378
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1379 (add-hook '@var{mymode}-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1380 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1381 (setq abbrev-mode t)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1382 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1383
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1384 @node Turning on auto-fill by default, Associating modes with files, Turning on abbrevs by default, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1385 @section How do I turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} by default?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1386 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, activating automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1387 @cindex Filling automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1388 @cindex Automatic entry to @code{auto-fill-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1389
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1390 To turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} just once for one buffer, use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1391 auto-fill-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1392
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1393 To turn it on for every buffer in a certain mode, you must use the hook
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1394 for that mode. For example, to turn on @code{auto-fill} mode for all
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1395 text buffers, including the following in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1396
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1397 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1398 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1399 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1400
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1401 If you want @code{auto-fill} mode on in all major modes, do this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1402
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1403 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1404 (setq-default auto-fill-function 'do-auto-fill)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1405 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1406
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1407 @node Associating modes with files, Working with unprintable characters, Turning on auto-fill by default, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1408 @section How do I make Emacs use a certain major mode for certain files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1409 @cindex Associating modes with files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1410 @cindex File extensions and modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1411 @cindex @code{auto-mode-alist}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1412 @cindex Modes, associating with file extensions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1413
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1414 If you want to use a certain mode @var{foo} for all files whose names end
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1415 with the extension @file{.@var{bar}}, this will do it for you:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1416
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1417 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1418 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.@var{bar}\\'" . @var{foo}-mode) auto-mode-alist))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1419 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1420
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1421 Otherwise put this somewhere in the first line of any file you want to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1422 edit in the mode @var{foo} (in the second line, if the first line begins
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1423 with @samp{#!}):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1424
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1425 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1426 -*- @var{foo} -*-
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1427 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1428
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1429 @cindex Major mode for shell scripts
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1430 Beginning with Emacs 19, the variable @code{interpreter-mode-alist}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1431 specifies which mode to use when loading a shell script. (Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1432 determines which interpreter you're using by examining the first line of
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1433 the script.) This feature only applies when the file name doesn't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1434 indicate which mode to use. Use @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1435 describe-variable}) on @code{interpreter-mode-alist} to learn more.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1436
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1437 @node Working with unprintable characters, Highlighting a region, Associating modes with files, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1438 @section How do I search for, delete, or replace unprintable (eight-bit or control) characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1439 @cindex Unprintable characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1440 @cindex Working with unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1441 @cindex Control characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1442 @cindex Eight-bit characters, working with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1443 @cindex Searching for unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1444 @cindex Regexps and unprintable characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1445
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1446 To search for a single character that appears in the buffer as, for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1447 example, @samp{\237}, you can type @kbd{C-s C-q 2 3 7}. (This assumes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1448 the value of @code{search-quote-char} is 17 (i.e., @kbd{C-q}).)
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1449 Searching for @strong{all} unprintable characters is best done with a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1450 regular expression (@dfn{regexp}) search. The easiest regexp to use for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1451 the unprintable chars is the complement of the regexp for the printable
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1452 chars.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1453
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1454 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1455
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1456 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1457 Regexp for the printable chars: @samp{[\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1458
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1459 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1460 Regexp for the unprintable chars: @samp{[^\t\n\r\f -~]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1461
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1462 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1463
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1464 To type these special characters in an interactive argument to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1465 @code{isearch-forward-regexp} or @code{re-search-forward}, you need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1466 use @kbd{C-q}. (@samp{\t}, @samp{\n}, @samp{\r}, and @samp{\f} stand
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1467 respectively for @key{TAB}, @key{LFD}, @key{RET}, and @kbd{C-l}.) So,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1468 to search for unprintable characters using @code{re-search-forward}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1469
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1470 @kbd{M-x re-search-forward @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1471
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1472 Using @code{isearch-forward-regexp}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1473
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
1474 @kbd{C-M-s [^ @key{TAB} @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~]}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1475
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1476 To delete all unprintable characters, simply use replace-regexp:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1477
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1478 @kbd{M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} @key{RET}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1479
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1480 Replacing is similar to the above. To replace all unprintable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1481 characters with a colon, use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1482
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1483 M-x replace-regexp @key{RET} [^ @key{TAB} C-q @key{LFD} C-q @key{RET} C-q C-l @key{SPC} -~] @key{RET} : @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1484
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1485 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1486
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1487 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1488 You don't need to quote @key{TAB} with either isearch or typing
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1489 something in the minibuffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1490
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1491 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1492
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1493 @node Highlighting a region, Controlling case sensitivity, Working with unprintable characters, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1494 @section How can I highlight a region of text in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1495 @cindex Highlighting text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1496 @cindex Text, highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1497 @cindex @code{transient-mark-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1498 @cindex Region, highlighting a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1499
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1500 You can cause the region to be highlighted when the mark is active by
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1501 including
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1502
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1503 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1504 (transient-mark-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1505 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1506
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1507 @noindent
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1508 in your @file{.emacs} file. (Also see @ref{Turning on syntax
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1509 highlighting}.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1510
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1511 @node Controlling case sensitivity, Wrapping words automatically, Highlighting a region, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1512 @section How do I control Emacs's case-sensitivity when searching/replacing?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1513 @cindex @code{case-fold-search}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1514 @cindex Case sensitivity of searches
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1515 @cindex Searching without case sensitivity
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1516 @cindex Ignoring case in searches
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1517
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1518 For searching, the value of the variable @code{case-fold-search}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1519 determines whether they are case sensitive:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1520
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1521 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1522 (setq case-fold-search nil) ; make searches case sensitive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1523 (setq case-fold-search t) ; make searches case insensitive
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1524 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1525
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1526 @cindex Case sensitivity in replacements
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1527 @cindex Replacing, and case sensitivity
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1528 @cindex @code{case-replace}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1529 Similarly, for replacing, the variable @code{case-replace} determines
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1530 whether replacements preserve case.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1531
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1532 To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1533 mode's hook. For example:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1534
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1535 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1536 (add-hook '@var{foo}-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1537 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
1538 (setq case-fold-search nil)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1539 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1540
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1541 @node Wrapping words automatically, Spell-checkers, Controlling case sensitivity, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1542 @section How do I make Emacs wrap words for me?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1543 @cindex Wrapping word automatically
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1544 @cindex Wrapping lines
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1545 @cindex Line wrap
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1546 @cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, introduction to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1547 @cindex Maximum line width, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1548 @cindex @code{fill-column}, default value
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1549
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1550 Use @code{auto-fill-mode}, activated by typing @kbd{M-x auto-fill-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1551 The default maximum line width is 70, determined by the variable
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1552 @code{fill-column}. To learn how to turn this on automatically, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1553 @ref{Turning on auto-fill by default}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1554
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1555 @node Spell-checkers, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Wrapping words automatically, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1556 @section Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1557 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1558 @cindex Spelling, checking text documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1559
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1560 Use Ispell. @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1561
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1562 @node Checking TeX and *roff documents, Changing load-path, Spell-checkers, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1563 @section How can I spell-check @TeX{} or *roff documents?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1564 @cindex Spelling, checking @TeX{} documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1565 @cindex @TeX{} documents, checking spelling in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1566
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1567 Use Ispell. Ispell can handle @TeX{} and *roff documents.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1568 @xref{Ispell}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1569
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1570 @node Changing load-path, Using an already running Emacs process, Checking TeX and *roff documents, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1571 @section How do I change @code{load-path}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1572 @cindex @code{load-path}, modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1573 @cindex Modifying @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1574 @cindex Adding to @code{load-path}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1575
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1576 In general, you should only add to the @code{load-path}. You can add
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1577 directory @var{/dir/subdir} to the load path like this:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1578
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1579 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1580 (setq load-path (cons "/dir/subdir/" load-path))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1581 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1582
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1583 To do this relative to your home directory:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1584
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1585 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1586 (setq load-path (cons "~/mysubdir/" load-path)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1587 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1588
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1589 @node Using an already running Emacs process, Compiler error messages, Changing load-path, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1590 @section How do I use an already running Emacs from another window?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1591 @cindex @code{emacsclient}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1592 @cindex Emacs server functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1593 @cindex Using an existing Emacs process
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1594
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1595 @code{emacsclient}, which comes with Emacs, is for editing a file using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1596 an already running Emacs rather than starting up a new Emacs. It does
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1597 this by sending a request to the already running Emacs, which must be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1598 expecting the request.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1599
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1600 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1601
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1602 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1603 Setup:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1604
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1605 Emacs must have executed the @code{server-start} function for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1606 @samp{emacsclient} to work. This can be done either by a command line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1607 option:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1608
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1609 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1610 emacs -f server-start
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1611 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1612
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1613 or by invoking @code{server-start} from @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1614
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1615 @lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1616 (if (@var{some conditions are met}) (server-start))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1617 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1618
47614
c959ab9efa1f Remove emacsserver.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 46918
diff changeset
1619 When this is done, Emacs creates a Unix domain socket.
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1620 The socket is either named @file{.emacs_server}, in the user's home directory,
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1621 or @file{esrv-@var{userid}-@var{systemname}}, in the @file{/tmp}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1622 directory, depending on your system. See @code{server-socket-name}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1623
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1624 To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1625 @samp{emacsclient}, try setting the environment variable @code{EDITOR}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1626 (or sometimes @code{VISUAL}) to the value @samp{emacsclient}. You may
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1627 have to specify the full pathname of the @samp{emacsclient} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1628 instead. Examples:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1629
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1630 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1631 # csh commands:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1632 setenv EDITOR emacsclient
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1633
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1634 # using full pathname
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1635 setenv EDITOR /usr/local/emacs/etc/emacsclient
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1636
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1637 # sh command:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1638 EDITOR=emacsclient ; export EDITOR
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1639 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1640
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1641 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1642 Normal use:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1643
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1644 When @samp{emacsclient} is run, it connects to the @file{.emacs_server}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1645 socket and passes its command line options to @samp{server}. When
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1646 @samp{server} receives these requests, it sends this information to the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1647 the Emacs process, which at the next opportunity will visit the files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1648 specified. (Line numbers can be specified just like with Emacs.) The
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1649 user will have to switch to the Emacs window by hand. When the user is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1650 done editing a file, the user can type @kbd{C-x #} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1651 server-edit}) to indicate this. If there is another buffer requested by
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1652 @code{emacsclient}, Emacs will switch to it; otherwise
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1653 @code{emacsclient} will exit, signaling the calling program to continue.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1654
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1655 @samp{emacsclient} and @samp{server} must be running on machines which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1656 share the same filesystem for this to work. The pathnames that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1657 @samp{emacsclient} specifies should be correct for the filesystem that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1658 the Emacs process sees. The Emacs process should not be suspended at
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1659 the time @samp{emacsclient} is invoked. On Unix and GNU/Linux systems,
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1660 @samp{emacsclient} should either be invoked from another X window, or
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1661 from a shell window inside Emacs itself, or from another interactive
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
1662 session, e.g., by means of a @code{screen} program.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1663
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1664 @cindex @code{gnuserv}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1665 There is an enhanced version of @samp{emacsclient}/server called
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1666 @samp{gnuserv}, written by @email{ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com, Andy Norman}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1667 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). @samp{gnuserv} uses
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1668 Internet domain sockets, so it can work across most network connections.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1669 It also supports the execution of arbitrary Emacs Lisp forms and does
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1670 not require the client program to wait for completion.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1671
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1672 The alpha version of an enhanced @samp{gnuserv} is available at
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1673
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1674 @uref{ftp://ftp.wellfleet.com/netman/psmith/emacs/gnuserv-2.1alpha.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1675
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1676 The version available from @uref{http://meltin.net/hacks/emacs/} is
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
1677 more recent, and has been tested with Emacs 21.2.
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1678
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1679 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1680
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1681 @node Compiler error messages, Indenting switch statements, Using an already running Emacs process, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1682 @section How do I make Emacs recognize my compiler's funny error messages?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1683 @cindex Compiler error messages, recognizing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1684 @cindex Recognizing non-standard compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1685 @cindex Regexps for recognizing compiler errors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1686 @cindex Errors, recognizing compiler
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1687
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1688 The variable @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} helps control how
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1689 Emacs parses your compiler output. It is a list of triplets of the form:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1690 @code{(@var{regexp} @var{file-idx} @var{line-idx})}, where @var{regexp},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1691 @var{file-idx} and @var{line-idx} are strings. To help determine what
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1692 the constituent elements should be, load @file{compile.el} and then type
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1693 @kbd{C-h v compilation-error-regexp-alist @key{RET}} to see the current
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1694 value. A good idea is to look at @file{compile.el} itself as the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1695 comments included for this variable are quite useful---the regular
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1696 expressions required for your compiler's output may be very close to one
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1697 already provided. Once you have determined the proper regexps, use the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1698 following to inform Emacs of your changes:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1699
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1700 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1701 (setq compilation-error-regexp-alist
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1702 (cons '(@var{regexp} @var{file-idx} @var{line-idx})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1703 compilation-error-regexp-alist))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1704 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1705
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1706 @node Indenting switch statements, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Compiler error messages, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1707 @section How do I change the indentation for @code{switch}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1708 @cindex @code{switch}, indenting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1709 @cindex Indenting of @code{switch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1710
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1711 Many people want to indent their @code{switch} statements like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1712
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1713 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1714 f()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1715 @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1716 switch(x) @{
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1717 case A:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1718 x1;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1719 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1720 case B:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1721 x2;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1722 break;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1723 default:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1724 x3;
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1725 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1726 @}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1727 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1728
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1729 The solution at first appears to be: set @code{c-indent-level} to 4 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1730 @code{c-label-offset} to -2. However, this will give you an indentation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1731 spacing of four instead of two.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1732
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1733 The @emph{real} solution is to use @code{cc-mode} (the default mode for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1734 C programming in Emacs 20 and later) and add the following line to yoyr
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1735 @file{.emacs}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1736
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1737 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1738 (c-set-offset 'case-label '+)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1739 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1740
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1741 There appears to be no way to do this with the old @code{c-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1742
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1743 @node Customizing C and C++ indentation, Horizontal scrolling, Indenting switch statements, Common requests
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1744 @section How to customize indentation in C, C@t{++}, and Java buffers?
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1745 @cindex Indentation, how to customize
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1746 @cindex Customize indentation
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1747
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1748 The Emacs @code{cc-mode} features an interactive procedure for
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1749 customizing the indentation style, which is fully explained in the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1750 @cite{CC Mode} manual that is part of the Emacs distribution, see
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1751 @ref{Customizing Indentation, , Customization Indentation, ccmode,
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1752 The CC Mode Manual}. Here's a short summary of the procedure:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1753
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1754 @enumerate
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1755 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1756 Go to the beginning of the first line where you don't like the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1757 indentation and type @kbd{C-c C-o}. Emacs will prompt you for the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1758 syntactic symbol; type @key{RET} to accept the default it suggests.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1759
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1760 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1761 Emacs now prompts for the offset of this syntactic symbol, showing the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1762 default (the current definition) inside parentheses. You can choose
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1763 one of these:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1764
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1765 @table @code
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1766 @item 0
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1767 No extra indentation.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1768 @item +
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1769 Indent one basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1770 @item -
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1771 Outdent one basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1772 @item ++
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1773 Indent two basic offsets
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1774 @item --
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1775 Outdent two basic offsets.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1776 @item *
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1777 Indent half basic offset.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1778 @item /
37079
dc7cb733ffc7 Fix a typo in the last change.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36977
diff changeset
1779 Outdent half basic offset.
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1780 @end table
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1781
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1782 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1783 After choosing one of these symbols, type @kbd{C-c C-q} to reindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1784 the line or the block according to what you just specified.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1785
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1786 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1787 If you don't like the result, go back to step 1. Otherwise, add the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1788 following line to your @file{.emacs}:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1789
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1790 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1791 (c-set-offset '@var{syntactic-symbol} @var{offset})
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1792 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1793
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1794 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1795 where @var{syntactic-symbol} is the name Emacs shows in the minibuffer
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1796 when you type @kbd{C-c C-o} at the beginning of the line, and
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1797 @var{offset} is one of the indentation symbols listed above (@code{+},
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1798 @code{/}, @code{0}, etc.) that you've chosen during the interactive
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1799 procedure.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1800
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1801 @item
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1802 Go to the next line whose indentation is not to your liking and repeat
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1803 the process there.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1804 @end enumerate
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1805
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1806 It is recommended to put all the resulting @code{(c-set-offset ...)}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1807 customizations inside a C mode hook, like this:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1808
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1809 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1810 (defun my-c-mode-hook ()
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1811 (c-set-offset ...)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1812 (c-set-offset ...))
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1813 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'my-c-mode-hook)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1814 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1815
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1816 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1817 Using @code{c-mode-hook} avoids the need to put a @w{@code{(require
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1818 'cc-mode)}} into your @file{.emacs} file, because @code{c-set-offset}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1819 might be unavailable when @code{cc-mode} is not loaded.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1820
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1821 Note that @code{c-mode-hook} runs for C source files only; use
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1822 @code{c++-mode-hook} for C@t{++} sources, @code{java-mode-hook} for
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1823 Java sources, etc. If you want the same customizations to be in
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1824 effect in @emph{all} languages supported by @code{cc-mode}, use
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1825 @code{c-mode-common-hook}.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1826
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
1827 @node Horizontal scrolling, Overwrite mode, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1828 @section How can I make Emacs automatically scroll horizontally?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1829 @cindex @code{hscroll-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1830 @cindex Horizontal scrolling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1831 @cindex Scrolling horizontally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1832
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1833 In Emacs 21 and later, this is on by default: if the variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1834 @code{truncate-lines} is non-@code{nil} in the current buffer, Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1835 automatically scrolls the display horizontally when point moves off the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1836 left or right edge of the window.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1837
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1838 In Emacs 20, use the @code{hscroll-mode}. Here is some information from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1839 the documentation, available by typing @kbd{C-h f hscroll-mode @key{RET}}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1840
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1841 Automatically scroll horizontally when the point moves off the
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1842 left or right edge of the window.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1843
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1844 @itemize @minus
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1845 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1846 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-mode} to enable it in the current buffer.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1847
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1848 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1849 Type @kbd{M-x hscroll-global-mode} to enable it in every buffer.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1850
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1851 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1852 @code{turn-on-hscroll} is useful in mode hooks as in:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1853
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1854 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1855 (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-hscroll)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1856 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1857
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1858 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1859 @code{hscroll-margin} controls how close the cursor can get to the
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1860 edge of the window.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1861
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1862 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1863 @code{hscroll-step-percent} controls how far to jump once we decide to do so.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1864 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1865
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1866 @node Overwrite mode, Turning off beeping, Horizontal scrolling, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1867 @section How do I make Emacs "typeover" or "overwrite" instead of inserting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1868 @cindex @key{Insert}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1869 @cindex @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1870 @cindex Overwriting existing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1871 @cindex Toggling @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1872
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1873 @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode} (a minor mode). This toggles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1874 @code{overwrite-mode} on and off, so exiting from @code{overwrite-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1875 is as easy as another @kbd{M-x overwrite-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1876
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1877 On some systems, @key{Insert} toggles @code{overwrite-mode} on and off.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1878
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1879 @node Turning off beeping, Turning the volume down, Overwrite mode, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1880 @section How do I stop Emacs from beeping on a terminal?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1881 @cindex Beeping, turning off
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1882 @cindex Visible bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1883 @cindex Bell, visible
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1884
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1885 @email{martin@@cc.gatech.edu, Martin R. Frank} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1886
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1887 Tell Emacs to use the @dfn{visible bell} instead of the audible bell,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1888 and set the visible bell to nothing.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1889
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1890 That is, put the following in your @code{TERMCAP} environment variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1891 (assuming you have one):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1892
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1893 @example
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
1894 ... :vb=: ...
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1895 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1896
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1897 And evaluate the following Lisp form:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1898
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1899 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1900 (setq visible-bell t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1901 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1902
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1903 @node Turning the volume down, Automatic indentation, Turning off beeping, Common requests
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
1904 @section How do I turn down the bell volume in Emacs running under X?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1905 @cindex Bell, volume of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1906 @cindex Volume of bell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1907
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1908 On X Window system, you can adjust the bell volume and duration for all
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1909 programs with the shell command @code{xset}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1910
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1911 Invoking @code{xset} without any arguments produces some basic
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1912 information, including the following:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1913
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1914 @example
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diff changeset
1915 usage: xset [-display host:dpy] option ...
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parents:
diff changeset
1916 To turn bell off:
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diff changeset
1917 -b b off b 0
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1918 To set bell volume, pitch and duration:
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diff changeset
1919 b [vol [pitch [dur]]] b on
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1920 @end example
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parents:
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1921
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1922 @node Automatic indentation, Matching parentheses, Turning the volume down, Common requests
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parents:
diff changeset
1923 @section How do I tell Emacs to automatically indent a new line to the indentation of the previous line?
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parents:
diff changeset
1924 @cindex Indenting new lines
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parents:
diff changeset
1925 @cindex New lines, indenting of
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parents:
diff changeset
1926 @cindex Previous line, indenting according to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
1927 @cindex Text indentation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
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parents: 34151
diff changeset
1928
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1929 Such behavior is automatic in Emacs 20 and later. From the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1930 @file{etc/NEWS} file for Emacs 20.2:
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1931
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1932 @example
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1933 ** In Text mode, now only blank lines separate paragraphs. This makes
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diff changeset
1934 it possible to get the full benefit of Adaptive Fill mode in Text mode,
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parents:
diff changeset
1935 and other modes derived from it (such as Mail mode). @key{TAB} in Text
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parents:
diff changeset
1936 mode now runs the command @code{indent-relative}; this makes a practical
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parents:
diff changeset
1937 difference only when you use indented paragraphs.
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parents:
diff changeset
1938
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parents:
diff changeset
1939 As a result, the old Indented Text mode is now identical to Text mode,
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parents:
diff changeset
1940 and is an alias for it.
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diff changeset
1941
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parents:
diff changeset
1942 If you want spaces at the beginning of a line to start a paragraph, use
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parents:
diff changeset
1943 the new mode, Paragraph Indent Text mode.
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parents:
diff changeset
1944 @end example
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parents:
diff changeset
1945
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13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1946 @cindex Prefixing lines
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1947 @cindex Fill prefix
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1948 If you have @code{auto-fill-mode} turned on (@pxref{Turning on auto-fill
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1949 by default}), you can tell Emacs to prefix every line with a certain
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1950 character sequence, the @dfn{fill prefix}. Type the prefix at the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1951 beginning of a line, position point after it, and then type @kbd{C-x .}
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diff changeset
1952 (@code{set-fill-prefix}) to set the fill prefix. Thereafter,
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1953 auto-filling will automatically put the fill prefix at the beginning of
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1954 new lines, and @kbd{M-q} (@code{fill-paragraph}) will maintain any fill
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1955 prefix when refilling the paragraph.
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1956
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parents:
diff changeset
1957 If you have paragraphs with different levels of indentation, you will
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1958 have to set the fill prefix to the correct value each time you move to a
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1959 new paragraph. There are many packages available to deal with this
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1960 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Look for ``fill'' and
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
1961 ``indent'' keywords for guidance.
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1962
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1963 @node Matching parentheses, Hiding #ifdef lines, Automatic indentation, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1964 @section How do I show which parenthesis matches the one I'm looking at?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1965 @cindex Parentheses, matching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1966 @cindex @file{paren.el}
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1967 @cindex Highlighting matching parentheses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1968 @cindex Pairs of parentheses, highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1969 @cindex Matching parentheses
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1970
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1971 As of version 19, Emacs comes with @file{paren.el}, which (when loaded)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1972 will automatically highlight matching parentheses whenever point (i.e.,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1973 the cursor) is located over one. To load @file{paren.el} automatically,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1974 include the line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1975
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1976 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1977 (require 'paren)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1978 @end lisp
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1979
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1980 in your @file{.emacs} file. @email{shutkoa@@ugsolutions.com, Alan Shutko}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1981 reports that as of version 20.1, you must also call @code{show-paren-mode} in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1982 your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1983
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1984 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1985 (show-paren-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1986 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1987
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1988 Customize will let you turn on @code{show-paren-mode}. Use @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1989 customize-group @key{RET} paren-showing @key{RET}}. From within
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1990 Customize, you can also go directly to the ``paren-showing'' group.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1991
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1992 Alternatives to paren include:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1993
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1994 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1995
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1996 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
1997 If you're looking at a right parenthesis (or brace or bracket) you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1998 delete it and reinsert it. Emacs will momentarily move the cursor to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
1999 the matching parenthesis.
25474
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Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2000
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2001 @item
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
2002 @kbd{C-M-f} (@code{forward-sexp}) and @kbd{C-M-b} (@code{backward-sexp})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2003 will skip over one set of balanced parentheses, so you can see which
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2004 parentheses match. (You can train it to skip over balanced brackets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2005 and braces at the same time by modifying the syntax table.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2006
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2007 @cindex Show matching paren as in @code{vi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2008 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2009 Here is some Emacs Lisp that will make the @key{%} key show the matching
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2010 parenthesis, like in @code{vi}. In addition, if the cursor isn't over a
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2011 parenthesis, it simply inserts a % like normal.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2012
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2013 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2014 ;; By an unknown contributor
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2015
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2016 (global-set-key "%" 'match-paren)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2017
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2018 (defun match-paren (arg)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2019 "Go to the matching paren if on a paren; otherwise insert %."
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2020 (interactive "p")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2021 (cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2022 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2023 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1)))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2024 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2025
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2026 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2027
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2028 @node Hiding #ifdef lines, Repeating commands, Matching parentheses, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2029 @section In C mode, can I show just the lines that will be left after @code{#ifdef} commands are handled by the compiler?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2030 @cindex @code{#ifdef}, selective display of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2031 @cindex @code{hide-ifdef-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2032 @cindex Hiding @code{#ifdef} text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2033 @cindex Selectively displaying @code{#ifdef} code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2034
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2035 @kbd{M-x hide-ifdef-mode}. (This is a minor mode.) You might also want
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2036 to investigate @file{cpp.el}, which is distributed with Emacs.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2037
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2038 @node Repeating commands, Valid X resources, Hiding #ifdef lines, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2039 @section Is there an equivalent to the @code{.} (dot) command of vi?
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2040 @cindex Repeating commands as with @code{vi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2041 @cindex Command, repeat last
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2042 @cindex @code{.}, equivalent to @code{vi} command
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2043
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2044 (@code{.} is the redo command in @code{vi}. It redoes the last
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2045 insertion/deletion.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2046
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2047 As of Emacs 20.3, there is indeed a @code{repeat} command (@kbd{C-x z})
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2048 that repeats the last command. If you preface it with a prefix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2049 argument, the prefix arg is applied to the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2050
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2051 You can also type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2052 (@code{repeat-complex-command}) to reinvoke commands that used the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2053 minibuffer to get arguments. In @code{repeat-complex-command} you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2054 type @kbd{M-p} and @kbd{M-n} (and also up-arrow and down-arrow, if your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2055 keyboard has these keys) to scan through all the different complex
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2056 commands you've typed.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2057
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2058 To repeat a set of commands, use keyboard macros. (@inforef{Keyboard
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2059 Macros, Keyboard Macros, emacs}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2060
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2061 If you're really desperate for the @code{.} command, use VIPER, a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2062 @code{vi} emulation mode which comes with Emacs, and which appears to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2063 support it. (@xref{VIPER}.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2064
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2065 @node Valid X resources, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Repeating commands, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2066 @section What are the valid X resource settings (i.e., stuff in .Xdefaults)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2067 @cindex Resources, X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2068 @cindex X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2069 @cindex Setting X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2070
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
2071 @inforef{X Resources, X Resources, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2072
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2073 You can also use a resource editor, such as editres (for X11R5 and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2074 onwards), to look at the resource names for the menu bar, assuming Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2075 was compiled with the X toolkit.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2076
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2077 @node Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Changing the length of a Tab, Valid X resources, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2078 @section How do I execute ("evaluate") a piece of Emacs Lisp code?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2079 @cindex Evaluating Lisp code
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2080 @cindex Lisp forms, evaluating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2081
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2082 There are a number of ways to execute (@dfn{evaluate}, in Lisp lingo) an
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2083 Emacs Lisp @dfn{form}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2084
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2085 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2086
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2087 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2088 If you want it evaluated every time you run Emacs, put it in a file
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2089 named @file{.emacs} in your home directory. This is known as ``your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2090 @file{.emacs} file,'' and contains all of your personal customizations.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2091
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2092 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2093 You can type the form in the @file{*scratch*} buffer, and then type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2094 @key{LFD} (or @kbd{C-j}) after it. The result of evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2095 will be inserted in the buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2096
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2097 @item
40705
421e0a91a1d1 Replace M-C- with C-M-
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 40014
diff changeset
2098 In @code{emacs-lisp-mode}, typing @kbd{C-M-x} evaluates a top-level form
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2099 before or around point.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2100
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2101 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2102 Typing @kbd{C-x C-e} in any buffer evaluates the Lisp form immediately
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2103 before point and prints its value in the echo area.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2104
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2105 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2106 Typing @kbd{M-:} or @kbd{M-x eval-expression} allows you to type a Lisp
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2107 form in the minibuffer which will be evaluated once you press @key{RET}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2108
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2109 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2110 You can use @kbd{M-x load-file} to have Emacs evaluate all the Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2111 forms in a file. (To do this from Lisp use the function @code{load}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2112 instead.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2113
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2114 The functions @code{load-library}, @code{eval-region},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2115 @code{eval-current-buffer}, @code{require}, and @code{autoload} are also
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2116 useful; see @ref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, if you want to learn more
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2117 about them.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2118
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2119 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2120
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2121 @node Changing the length of a Tab, Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Evaluating Emacs Lisp code, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2122 @section How do I change Emacs's idea of the @key{TAB} character's length?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2123 @cindex Tab length
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2124 @cindex Length of tab character
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2125 @cindex @code{default-tab-width}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2126
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2127 Set the variable @code{default-tab-width}. For example, to set
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2128 @key{TAB} stops every 10 characters, insert the following in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2129 @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2130
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2131 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2132 (setq default-tab-width 10)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2133 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2134
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2135 Do not confuse variable @code{tab-width} with variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2136 @code{tab-stop-list}. The former is used for the display of literal
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2137 @key{TAB} characters. The latter controls what characters are inserted
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2138 when you press the @key{TAB} character in certain modes.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2139
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2140 @node Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Underlining paragraphs, Changing the length of a Tab, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2141 @section How do I insert @samp{>} at the beginning of every line?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2142 @cindex Prefix character, inserting in mail/news replies
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2143 @cindex Replies to mail/news, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2144 @cindex @code{mail-yank-prefix}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2145 @cindex Mail replies, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2146 @cindex News replies, inserting a prefix character
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2147
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2148 To do this to an entire buffer, type @kbd{M-< M-x replace-regexp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2149 @key{RET} ^ @key{RET} > @key{RET}}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2150
37447
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2151 To do this to a region, use @code{string-insert-rectangle}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2152 Set the mark (@kbd{C-@key{SPC}}) at the beginning of the first line you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2153 want to prefix, move the cursor to last line to be prefixed, and type
37447
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2154 @kbd{M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}. To do this for the whole
0bc52782144f Adapt to the change of string-rectangle back to 20.x behaviour.
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 37079
diff changeset
2155 buffer, type @kbd{C-x h M-x string-insert-rectangle @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2156
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2157 If you are trying to prefix a yanked mail message with @samp{>}, you
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2158 might want to set the variable @code{mail-yank-prefix}. Better yet, use
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2159 the Supercite package (@pxref{Supercite}), which provides flexible
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2160 citation for yanked mail and news messages; it is included in Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2161 since version 19.20. @xref{Changing the included text prefix}, for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2162 additional information.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2163
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2164 @node Underlining paragraphs, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Inserting > at the beginning of each line, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2165 @section How do I insert "_^H" before each character in a region to get an underlined paragraph?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2166 @cindex Underlining a region of text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2167 @cindex @code{underline-region}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2168
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2169 Mark the region and then type @kbd{M-x underline-region @key{RET}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2170
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2171 @node Repeating a command as many times as possible, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Underlining paragraphs, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2172 @section How do I repeat a command as many times as possible?
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2173 @cindex Repeating commands many times
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2174 @cindex Commands, repeating many times
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2175
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2176 Use @kbd{C-x (} and @kbd{C-x )} to make a keyboard macro that invokes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2177 the command and then type @kbd{M-0 C-x e}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2178
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2179 Any messages your command prints in the echo area will be suppressed.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2180
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2181 If you need to repeat a command a small number of times, you can use
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2182 @kbd{C-x z}, see @ref{Repeating commands}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2183
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2184 @node Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2185 @section How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2186 @cindex @code{picture-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2187 @cindex Remaining in the same column, regardless of contents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2188 @cindex Vertical movement in empty documents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2189
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2190 @kbd{M-x picture-mode}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2191
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2192 @node Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Using regular expressions, Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2193 @section How do I tell Emacs to iconify itself?
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2194 @cindex Iconification under the X Window System
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2195 @cindex X Window System and iconification
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2196 @cindex Suspending Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2197
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
2198 @kbd{C-z} iconifies Emacs when running under X and suspends Emacs
50475
b65aa1d740eb Fix cross references.
Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com>
parents: 49429
diff changeset
2199 otherwise. @inforef{Frame Commands, Frame Commands, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2200
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2201 @node Using regular expressions, Replacing text across multiple files, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2202 @section How do I use regexps (regular expressions) in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2203 @cindex Regexps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2204 @cindex Regular expressions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2205 @cindex Differences between Unix and Emacs regexps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2206 @cindex Unix regeps, differences from Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2207 @cindex Text strings, putting regexps in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2208
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2209 @inforef{Regexps, Regexps, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2210
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2211 The @code{or} operator is @samp{\|}, not @samp{|}, and the grouping operators
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2212 are @samp{\(} and @samp{\)}. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2213 @samp{\\}. To specify a regular expression like @samp{xxx\(foo\|bar\)}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2214 in a Lisp string, use @samp{xxx\\(foo\\|bar\\)}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2215
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2216 Note the doubled backslashes!
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2217
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2218 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2219
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2220 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2221 Unlike in Unix @file{grep}, @file{sed}, etc., a complement character set
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2222 (@samp{[^...]}) can match a newline character (@key{LFD} a.k.a.@:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2223 @kbd{C-j} a.k.a.@: @samp{\n}), unless newline is mentioned as one of the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2224 characters not to match.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2225
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2226 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2227 The character syntax regexps (e.g., @samp{\sw}) are not
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2228 meaningful inside character set regexps (e.g., @samp{[aeiou]}). (This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2229 is actually typical for regexp syntax.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2230
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2231 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2232
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2233 @node Replacing text across multiple files, Documentation for etags, Using regular expressions, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2234 @section How do I perform a replace operation across more than one file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2235 @cindex Replacing strings across files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2236 @cindex Multiple files, replacing across
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2237 @cindex Files, replacing strings across multiple
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2238
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2239 The ``tags'' feature of Emacs includes the command
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2240 @code{tags-query-replace} which performs a query-replace across all the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2241 files mentioned in the @file{TAGS} file. @inforef{Tags Search, Tags Search,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2242 emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2243
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2244 As of Emacs 19.29, Dired mode (@kbd{M-x dired @key{RET}}, or @kbd{C-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2245 d}) supports the command @code{dired-do-query-replace}, which allows
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2246 users to replace regular expressions in multiple files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2247
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2248 @node Documentation for etags, Disabling backups, Replacing text across multiple files, Common requests
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2249 @section Where is the documentation for @code{etags}?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2250 @cindex Documentation for @code{etags}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2251 @cindex @code{etags}, documentation for
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2252
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2253 The @code{etags} man page should be in the same place as the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2254 @code{emacs} man page.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2255
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2256 Quick command-line switch descriptions are also available. For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2257 @samp{etags -H}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2258
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2259 @node Disabling backups, Disabling auto-save-mode, Documentation for etags, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2260 @section How do I disable backup files?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2261 @cindex Backups, disabling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2262 @cindex Disabling backups
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2263
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2264 You probably don't want to do this, since backups are useful, especially
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2265 when something goes wrong.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2266
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2267 To avoid seeing backup files (and other "uninteresting" files) in Dired,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2268 load @code{dired-x} by adding the following to your @file{.emacs} file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2269
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2270 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2271 (add-hook 'dired-load-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
2272 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
2273 (load "dired-x")))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2274 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2275
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2276 With @code{dired-x} loaded, @kbd{M-o} toggles omitting in each dired buffer.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2277 You can make omitting the default for new dired buffers by putting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2278 following in your @file{.emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2279
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2280 @lisp
30692
b2cc8b3e837e (Disabling backups): Replace reference to
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 30009
diff changeset
2281 (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook 'dired-omit-toggle)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2282 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2283
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2284 If you're tired of seeing backup files whenever you do an @samp{ls} at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2285 the Unix shell, try GNU @code{ls} with the @samp{-B} option. GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2286 @code{ls} is part of the GNU Fileutils package, available from
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2287 @samp{ftp.gnu.org} and its mirrors (@pxref{Current GNU distributions}).
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2288
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2289 To disable or change the way backups are made, @inforef{Backup Names, ,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2290 emacs}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2291
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2292 @cindex Backup files in a single directory
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2293 Beginning with Emacs 21.1, you can control where Emacs puts backup files
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2294 by customizing the variable @code{backup-directory-alist}. This
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2295 variable's value specifies that files whose names match specific patters
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2296 should have their backups put in certain directories. A typical use is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2297 to add the element @code{("." . @var{dir})} to force Emacs to put
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2298 @strong{all} backup files in the directory @file{dir}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2299
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2300 @node Disabling auto-save-mode, Going to a line by number, Disabling backups, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2301 @section How do I disable @code{auto-save-mode}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2302 @cindex Disabling @code{auto-save-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2303 @cindex Auto-saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2304 @cindex Saving at frequent intervals
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2305
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2306 You probably don't want to do this, since auto-saving is useful,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2307 especially when Emacs or your computer crashes while you are editing a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2308 document.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2309
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2310 Instead, you might want to change the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2311 @code{auto-save-interval}, which specifies how many keystrokes Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2312 waits before auto-saving. Increasing this value forces Emacs to wait
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2313 longer between auto-saves, which might annoy you less.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2314
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2315 You might also want to look into Sebastian Kremer's @code{auto-save}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2316 package (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). This
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2317 package also allows you to place all auto-save files in one directory,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2318 such as @file{/tmp}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2319
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2320 To disable or change how @code{auto-save-mode} works, @inforef{Auto
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2321 Save, , emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2322
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2323 @node Going to a line by number, Modifying pull-down menus, Disabling auto-save-mode, Common requests
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2324 @section How can I go to a certain line given its number?
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2325 @cindex Going to a line by number
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2326 @cindex Compilation error messages
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2327 @cindex Recompilation
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2328
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2329 Are you sure you indeed need to go to a line by its number? Perhaps all
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2330 you want is to display a line in your source file for which a compiler
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2331 printed an error message? If so, compiling from within Emacs using the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2332 @kbd{M-x compile} and @kbd{M-x recompile} commands is a much more
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2333 effective way of doing that. Emacs automatically intercepts the compile
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2334 error messages, inserts them into a special buffer called
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2335 @code{*compilation*}, and lets you visit the locus of each message in
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2336 the source. Type @kbd{C-x `} to step through the offending lines one by
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2337 one. Click @kbd{Mouse-2} or press @key{RET} on a message text in the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2338 @code{*compilation*} buffer to go to the line whose number is mentioned
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2339 in that message.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2340
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2341 But if you indeed need to go to a certain text line, type @kbd{M-x
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2342 goto-line @key{RET}}. Emacs will prompt you for the number of the line
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2343 and go to that line.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2344
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2345 You can do this faster by invoking @code{goto-line} with a numeric
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2346 argument that is the line's number. For example, @kbd{C-u 286 M-x
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2347 goto-line @key{RET}} will jump to line number 286 in the current
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2348 buffer.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2349
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2350 If you need to use this command frequently, you might consider binding
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2351 it to a key. The following snippet, if added to your @file{~/.emacs}
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2352 file, will bind the sequence @kbd{C-x g} to @code{goto-line}:
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2353
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2354 @lisp
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2355 (global-set-key "\C-xg" 'goto-line)
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2356 @end lisp
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2357
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2358
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2359 @node Modifying pull-down menus, Deleting menus and menu options, Going to a line by number, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2360 @section How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2361 @cindex Pull-down menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2362 @cindex Menus, creating or modifying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2363 @cindex Creating new menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2364 @cindex Modifying pull-down menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2365 @cindex Menus and keymaps
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2366 @cindex Keymaps and menus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2367
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2368 Each menu title (e.g., @samp{File}, @samp{Edit}, @samp{Buffers})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2369 represents a local or global keymap. Selecting a menu title with the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2370 mouse displays that keymap's non-nil contents in the form of a menu.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2371
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2372 So to add a menu option to an existing menu, all you have to do is add a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2373 new definition to the appropriate keymap. Adding a @samp{Forward Word}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2374 item to the @samp{Edit} menu thus requires the following Lisp code:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2375
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2376 @lisp
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2377 (define-key global-map
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2378 [menu-bar edit forward]
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2379 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2380 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2381
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2382 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2383 The first line adds the entry to the global keymap, which includes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2384 global menu bar entries. Replacing the reference to @code{global-map}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2385 with a local keymap would add this menu option only within a particular
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2386 mode.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2387
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2388 The second line describes the path from the menu-bar to the new entry.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2389 Placing this menu entry underneath the @samp{File} menu would mean
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2390 changing the word @code{edit} in the second line to @code{file}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2391
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2392 The third line is a cons cell whose first element is the title that will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2393 be displayed, and whose second element is the function that will be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2394 called when that menu option is invoked.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2395
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2396 To add a new menu, rather than a new option to an existing menu, we must
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2397 define an entirely new keymap:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2398
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2399 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2400 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2401 (cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words")))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2402 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2403
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2404 The above code creates a new sparse keymap, gives it the name
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2405 @samp{Words}, and attaches it to the global menu bar. Adding the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2406 @samp{Forward Word} item to this new menu would thus require the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2407 following code:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2408
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2409 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2410 (define-key global-map
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2411 [menu-bar words forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2412 '("Forward word" . forward-word))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2413 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2414
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2415 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2416 Note that because of the way keymaps work, menu options are displayed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2417 with the more recently defined items at the top. Thus if you were to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2418 define menu options @samp{foo}, @samp{bar}, and @samp{baz} (in that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2419 order), the menu option @samp{baz} would appear at the top, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2420 @samp{foo} would be at the bottom.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2421
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2422 One way to avoid this problem is to use the function @code{define-key-after},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2423 which works the same as @code{define-key}, but lets you modify where items
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2424 appear. The following Lisp code would insert the @samp{Forward Word}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2425 item in the @samp{Edit} menu immediately following the @samp{Undo} item:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2426
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2427 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2428 (define-key-after
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2429 (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar edit])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2430 [forward]
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2431 '("Forward word" . forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2432 'undo)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2433 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2434
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2435 Note how the second and third arguments to @code{define-key-after} are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2436 different from those of @code{define-key}, and that we have added a new
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2437 (final) argument, the function after which our new key should be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2438 defined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2439
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2440 To move a menu option from one position to another, simply evaluate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2441 @code{define-key-after} with the appropriate final argument.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2442
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2443 More detailed information---and more examples of how to create and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2444 modify menu options---are in the @cite{Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, under
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
2445 ``Menu Keymaps''. (@xref{Emacs Lisp documentation}, for information on
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
2446 this manual.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2447
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2448 @node Deleting menus and menu options, Turning on syntax highlighting, Modifying pull-down menus, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2449 @section How do I delete menus and menu options?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2450 @cindex Deleting menus and menu options
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2451 @cindex Menus, deleting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2452
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2453 The simplest way to remove a menu is to set its keymap to @samp{nil}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2454 For example, to delete the @samp{Words} menu (@pxref{Modifying pull-down
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2455 menus}), use:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2456
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2457 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2458 (define-key global-map [menu-bar words] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2459 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2460
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2461 Similarly, removing a menu option requires redefining a keymap entry to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2462 @code{nil}. For example, to delete the @samp{Forward word} menu option
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2463 from the @samp{Edit} menu (we added it in @ref{Modifying pull-down
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2464 menus}), use:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2465
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2466 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2467 (define-key global-map [menu-bar edit forward] nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2468 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2469
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2470 @node Turning on syntax highlighting, Scrolling only one line, Deleting menus and menu options, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2471 @section How do I turn on syntax highlighting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2472 @cindex Syntax highlighting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2473 @cindex @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2474 @cindex Highlighting based on syntax
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2475 @cindex Colorizing text
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2476 @cindex FAQ, @code{font-lock-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2477
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2478 @code{font-lock-mode} is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2479 highlighting in the current buffer. With @code{font-lock-mode} turned
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2480 on, different types of text will appear in different colors. For
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2481 instance, if you turn on @code{font-lock-mode} in a programming mode,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2482 variables will appear in one face, keywords in a second, and comments in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2483 a third.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2484
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2485 @cindex hilit19 is deprecated
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2486 Earlier versions of Emacs supported hilit19, a similar package. Use of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2487 hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although @file{hilit19.el} comes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2488 with the stock Emacs distribution. It is no longer maintained.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2489
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2490 To turn @code{font-lock-mode} on within an existing buffer, use @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2491 font-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2492
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2493 To automatically invoke @code{font-lock-mode} when a particular major
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2494 mode is invoked, set the major mode's hook. For example, to fontify all
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2495 @code{c-mode} buffers, add the following to your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2496
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2497 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2498 (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2499 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2500
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2501 To automatically invoke @code{font-lock-mode} for all major modes, you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2502 can turn on @code{global-font-lock-mode} by including the following line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2503 in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2504
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2505 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2506 (global-font-lock-mode 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2507 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2508
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2509 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2510 This instructs Emacs to turn on font-lock mode in those buffers for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2511 which a font-lock mode definition has been provided (in the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2512 @code{font-lock-global-modes}). If you edit a file in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2513 @code{pie-ala-mode}, and no font-lock definitions have been provided for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2514 @code{pie-ala} files, then the above setting will have no effect on that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2515 particular buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2516
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2517 Highlighting a buffer with @code{font-lock-mode} can take quite a while,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2518 and cause an annoying delay in display, so several features exist to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2519 work around this.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2520
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2521 @cindex Just-In-Time syntax highlighting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2522 In Emacs 21 and later, turning on @code{font-lock-mode} automatically
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2523 activates the new @dfn{Just-In-Time fontification} provided by
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2524 @code{jit-lock-mode}. @code{jit-lock-mode} defers the fontification of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2525 portions of buffer until you actually need to see them, and can also
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2526 fontify while Emacs is idle. This makes display of the visible portion
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2527 of a buffer almost instantaneous. For details about customizing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2528 @code{jit-lock-mode}, type @kbd{C-h f jit-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2529
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2530 @cindex Levels of syntax highlighting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2531 @cindex Decoration level, in @code{font-lock-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2532 In versions of Emacs before 21, different levels of decoration are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2533 available, from slight to gaudy. More decoration means you need to wait
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2534 more time for a buffer to be fontified (or a faster machine). To
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2535 control how decorated your buffers should become, set the value of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2536 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} in your @file{.emacs} file, with a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2537 @code{nil} value indicating default (usually minimum) decoration, and a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2538 @code{t} value indicating the maximum decoration. For the gaudiest
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2539 possible look, then, include the line
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2540
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2541 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2542 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2543 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2544
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2545 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2546 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can also set this variable such that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2547 different modes are highlighted in a different ways; for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2548 information, see the documentation for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2549 @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} with @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2550 describe-variable @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2551
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2552 @cindex Lazy font-lock
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2553 You might also want to investigate @code{fast-lock-mode} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2554 @code{lazy-lock-mode}, versions of @code{font-lock-mode} that speed up
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2555 highlighting. These are the alternatives for @code{jit-lock-mode} in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2556 versions of Emacs before 21.1. The advantage of @code{lazy-lock-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2557 is that it only fontifies buffers when certain conditions are met, such
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2558 as after a certain amount of idle time, or after you have finished
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2559 scrolling through text. See the documentation for @code{lazy-lock-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2560 by typing @kbd{C-h f @code{lazy-lock-mode}} (@kbd{M-x describe-function
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2561 @key{RET} lazy-lock-mode @key{RET}}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2562
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2563 Also see the documentation for the function @code{font-lock-mode},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2564 available by typing @kbd{C-h f font-lock-mode} (@kbd{M-x
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2565 describe-function @key{RET} font-lock-mode @key{RET}}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2566
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2567 For more information on font-lock mode, take a look at the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2568 @code{font-lock-mode} FAQ, maintained by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2569 @email{jari.aalto@@ntc.nokia.com, Jari Aalto} at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2570
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2571 @uref{ftp://cs.uta.fi/pub/ssjaaa/ema-font.gui}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2572
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2573 To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2574 @kbd{M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces} or @kbd{M-x
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2575 ps-print-region-with-faces}. You will need a way to send text to a
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2576 PostScript printer, or a PostScript interpreter such as Ghostscript;
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2577 consult the documentation of the variables @code{ps-printer-name},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2578 @code{ps-lpr-command}, and @code{ps-lpr-switches} for more details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2579
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2580 @node Scrolling only one line, Replacing highlighted text, Turning on syntax highlighting, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2581 @section How can I force Emacs to scroll only one line when I move past the bottom of the screen?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2582 @cindex Scrolling only one line
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
2583 @cindex Reducing the increment when scrolling
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2584
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2585 Place the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2586
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2587 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2588 (setq scroll-step 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2589 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2590
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2591 @inforef{Scrolling, Scrolling, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2592
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2593 @node Replacing highlighted text, Editing MS-DOS files, Scrolling only one line, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2594 @section How can I replace highlighted text with what I type?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2595 @cindex @code{delete-selection-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2596 @cindex Replacing highlighted text
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
2597 @cindex Highlighting and replacing text
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2598
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2599 Use @code{delete-selection-mode}, which you can start automatically by
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2600 placing the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2601
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2602 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2603 (delete-selection-mode t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2604 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2605
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2606 According to the documentation string for @code{delete-selection-mode}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2607 (which you can read using @kbd{M-x describe-function @key{RET}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2608 delete-selection-mode @key{RET}}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2609
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2610 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2611 When ON, typed text replaces the selection if the selection is active.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2612 When OFF, typed text is just inserted at point.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2613 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2614
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2615 This mode also allows you to delete (not kill) the highlighted region by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2616 pressing @key{DEL}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2617
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2618 @node Editing MS-DOS files, Filling paragraphs with a single space, Replacing highlighted text, Common requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2619 @section How can I edit MS-DOS files using Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2620 @cindex Editing MS-DOS files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2621 @cindex MS-DOS files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2622 @cindex Microsoft files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2623 @cindex Windows files, editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2624
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2625 As of Emacs 20, detection and handling of MS-DOS (and Windows) files is
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2626 performed transparently. You can open MS-DOS files on a Unix system,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2627 edit it, and save it without having to worry about the file format.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2628
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2629 When editing an MS-DOS style file, the mode line will indicate that it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2630 is a DOS file. On Unix and GNU/Linux systems, and also on a Macintosh,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2631 the string @samp{(DOS)} will appear near the left edge of the mode line;
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2632 on DOS and Windows, where the DOS end-of-line (EOL) format is the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2633 default, a backslash (@samp{\}) will appear in the mode line.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2634
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2635 If you are running a version of Emacs before 20.1, get @code{crypt++}
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2636 (@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Among other things,
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2637 @code{crypt++} transparently modifies MS-DOS files as they are loaded
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2638 and saved, allowing you to ignore the different conventions that Unix
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
2639 and MS-DOS have for delineating the end of a line.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2640
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2641 @node Filling paragraphs with a single space, Escape sequences in shell output, Editing MS-DOS files, Common requests
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2642 @section How can I tell Emacs to fill paragraphs with a single space after each period?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2643 @cindex One space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2644 @cindex Single space following periods
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2645 @cindex Periods, one space following
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2646
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2647 @email{ulm@@vsnhd1.cern.ch, Ulrich Mueller} suggests adding the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2648 following two lines to your @file{.emacs} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2649
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2650 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2651 (setq sentence-end "[.?!][]\"')@}]*\\($\\|[ \t]\\)[ \t\n]*")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2652 (setq sentence-end-double-space nil)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2653 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2654
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2655 @node Escape sequences in shell output, , Filling paragraphs with a single space, Common requests
46655
05bd4743e434 Remove bad line break.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 43966
diff changeset
2656 @section Why these strange escape sequences from @code{ls} from the Shell mode?
35651
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2657 @cindex Escape sequences in @code{ls} output
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2658 @cindex @code{ls} in Shell mode
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2659
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2660 This happens because @code{ls} is aliased to @samp{ls --color} in your
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2661 shell init file. You have two alternatives to solve this:
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2662
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2663 @itemize @bullet
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2664 @item
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2665 Make the alias conditioned on the @code{EMACS} variable in the
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2666 environment. When Emacs runs a subsidiary shell, it exports the
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2667 @code{EMACS} variable with the value @code{t} to that shell. You can
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2668 unalias @code{ls} when that happens, thus limiting the alias to your
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2669 interactive sessions.
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2670
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2671 @item
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2672 Install the @code{ansi-color} package (bundled with Emacs 21.1 and
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2673 later), which converts these ANSI escape sequences into colors.
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2674 @end itemize
d991c8f6b85b (Escape sequences in shell output): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35188
diff changeset
2675
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2676 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2677 @node Bugs and problems, Compiling and installing Emacs, Common requests, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2678 @chapter Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2679 @cindex Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2680
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2681 The Emacs manual lists some common kinds of trouble users could get
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2682 into, see @ref{Lossage, , Dealing with Emacs Trouble, emacs, The GNU
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2683 Emacs Manual}, so you might look there if the problem you encounter
38770
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2684 isn't described in this chapter. If you decide you've discovered a bug,
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2685 see @ref{Bugs, , Reporting Bugs, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2686 instructions how to do that.
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2688 The file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the Emacs distribution lists various
38770
4cbe0f799a15 (Bugs and problems): Fix wording.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38687
diff changeset
2689 known problems with building and using Emacs on specific platforms;
54478
c0b7b601058f Fix help key bindings.
Juri Linkov <juri@jurta.org>
parents: 52979
diff changeset
2690 type @kbd{C-h C-e} to read it.
38687
14401c0b4b44 (Bugs and problems): Mention the related sections of the Emacs manual, and
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37806
diff changeset
2691
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2692 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2693 * Problems with very large files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2694 * ^M in the shell buffer::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2695 * Shell process exits abnormally::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2696 * Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2697 * Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2698 * Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2699 * Problems talking to certain hosts::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2700 * Errors with init files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2701 * Emacs ignores X resources::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2702 * Emacs ignores frame parameters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2703 * Emacs takes a long time to visit files::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2704 * Editing files with $ in the name::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2705 * Shell mode loses the current directory::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2706 * Security risks with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
2707 * Dired claims that no file is on this line::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2708 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2709
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2710 @node Problems with very large files, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2711 @section Does Emacs have problems with files larger than 8 megabytes?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2712 @cindex Very large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2713 @cindex Large files, opening
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2714 @cindex Opening very large files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2715 @cindex Maximum file size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2716 @cindex Files, maximum size
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2717
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2718 Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2719 files larger than 8 megabytes. As of version 19.29, the maximum buffer
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2720 size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes, or 132 MBytes. Emacs 20
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2721 can be compiled on some 64-bit systems in a way that enlarges the buffer
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2722 size up to 576,460,752,303,423,487 bytes, or 549,755,813 GBytes.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2723
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2724 If you are using a version of Emacs older than 19.29 and cannot upgrade,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2725 you will have to recompile. @email{lnz@@lucid.com, Leonard N. Zubkoff}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2726 suggests putting the following two lines in @file{src/config.h} before
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2727 compiling Emacs to allow for 26-bit integers and pointers (and thus file
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2728 sizes of up to 33,554,431 bytes):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2729
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2730 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2731 #define VALBITS 26
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2732 #define GCTYPEBITS 5
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2733 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2734
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2735 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2736 This method may result in "ILLEGAL DATATYPE" and other random errors on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2737 some machines.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2738
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2739 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, David Gillespie} explains how this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2740 problems crops up; while his numbers are true only for pre-19.29
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2741 versions of Emacs, the theory remains the same with current versions.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2742
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2743 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2744 Emacs is largely written in a dialect of Lisp; Lisp is a freely-typed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2745 language in the sense that you can put any value of any type into any
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2746 variable, or return it from a function, and so on. So each value
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2747 must carry a @dfn{tag} along with it identifying what kind of thing it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2748 is, e.g., integer, pointer to a list, pointer to an editing buffer, and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2749 so on. Emacs uses standard 32-bit integers for data objects, taking the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2750 top 8 bits for the tag and the bottom 24 bits for the value. So
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2751 integers (and pointers) are somewhat restricted compared to true C
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2752 integers and pointers.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2753 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2754
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2755 @node ^M in the shell buffer, Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with very large files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2756 @section How do I get rid of @samp{^M} or echoed commands in my shell buffer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2757 @cindex Shell buffer, echoed commands and @samp{^M} in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2758 @cindex Echoed commands in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2759
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2760 Try typing @kbd{M-x shell-strip-ctrl-m @key{RET}} while in @code{shell-mode} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2761 make them go away. If that doesn't work, you have several options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2762
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2763 For @code{tcsh}, put this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2764 file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2765
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2766 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2767 if ($?EMACS) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2768 if ("$EMACS" == t) then
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2769 if ($?tcsh) unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2770 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2771 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2772 endif
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2773 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2774
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2775 Or put this in your @file{.emacs_tcsh} file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2776
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2777 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2778 unset edit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2779 stty nl
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2780 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2781
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2782 Alternatively, use @code{csh} in your shell buffers instead of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2783 @code{tcsh}. One way is:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2784
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2785 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2786 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2787 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2788
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2789 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2790 and another is to do this in your @file{.cshrc} (or @file{.tcshrc})
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2791 file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2792
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2793 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2794 setenv ESHELL /bin/csh
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2795 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2796
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2797 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2798 (You must start Emacs over again with the environment variable properly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2799 set for this to take effect.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2800
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2801 You can also set the @code{ESHELL} environment variable in Emacs Lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2802 with the following Lisp form,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2803
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2804 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2805 (setenv "ESHELL" "/bin/csh")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2806 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2807
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2808 The above solutions try to prevent the shell from producing the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2809 @samp{^M} characters in the first place. If this is not possible
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2810 (e.g., if you use a Windows shell), you can get Emacs to remove these
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2811 characters from the buffer by adding this to your @file{.emacs} init
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2812 file:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2813
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2814 @smalllisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2815 (add-hook 'comint-output-filter-functions 'shell-strip-ctrl-m)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2816 @end smalllisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2817
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2818 On a related note: If your shell is echoing your input line in the shell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2819 buffer, you might want to try the following command in your shell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2820 start-up file:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2821
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2822 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2823 stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2824 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2825
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2826 @node Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, ^M in the shell buffer, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2827 @section Why do I get "Process shell exited abnormally with code 1"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2828 @cindex Abnormal exits from @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2829 @cindex @code{shell-mode} exits
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2830 @cindex Process shell exited
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2831
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2832 The most likely reason for this message is that the @samp{env} program
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2833 is not properly installed. Compile this program for your architecture,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2834 and install it with @samp{a+x} permission in the architecture-dependent
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2835 Emacs program directory. (You can find what this directory is at your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2836 site by inspecting the value of the variable @code{exec-directory} by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2837 typing @kbd{C-h v exec-directory @key{RET}}.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2838
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2839 You should also check for other programs named @samp{env} in your path
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2840 (e.g., SunOS has a program named @file{/usr/bin/env}). We don't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2841 understand why this can cause a failure and don't know a general
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2842 solution for working around the problem in this case.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2843
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2844 The @samp{make clean} command will remove @samp{env} and other vital
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2845 programs, so be careful when using it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2846
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2847 It has been reported that this sometimes happened when Emacs was started
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2848 as an X client from an xterm window (i.e., had a controlling tty) but the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2849 xterm was later terminated.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2850
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2851 See also @samp{PROBLEMS} (in the @file{etc} subdirectory of the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2852 top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source) for other
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2853 possible causes of this message.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2854
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2855 @node Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Shell process exits abnormally, Bugs and problems
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2856 @section Why do I get an error message when I try to run @kbd{M-x shell}?
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2857
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2858 @cindex Shell Mode, and MS-Windows
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2859 @cindex @code{explicit-shell-file-name}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2860 On MS-Windows, this might happen because Emacs tries to look for the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2861 shell in a wrong place. The default file name @file{/bin/sh} is
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2862 usually incorrect for non-Unix systems. If you know where your shell
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2863 executable is, set the variable @code{explicit-shell-file-name} in
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2864 your @file{.emacs} file to point to its full file name, like this:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2865
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2866 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2867 (setq explicit-shell-file-name "d:/shells/bash.exe")
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2868 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2869
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2870 If you don't know what shell does Emacs use, try the @kbd{M-!}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2871 command; if that works, put the following line into your
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2872 @file{.emacs}:
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2873
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2874 @lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2875 (setq explicit-shell-file-name shell-file-name)
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2876 @end lisp
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2877
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2878 @cindex Antivirus programs, and Shell Mode
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2879 Some people have trouble with Shell Mode because of intrusive
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2880 antivirus software; disabling the resident antivirus program solves
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2881 the problems in those cases.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2882
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
2883 @node Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems with Shell Mode on MS-Windows, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2884 @section Where is the termcap/terminfo entry for terminal type "emacs"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2885 @cindex Termcap
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2886 @cindex Terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2887 @cindex Emacs entries for termcap/terminfo
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2888
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2889 The termcap entry for terminal type @samp{emacs} is ordinarily put in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2890 the @samp{TERMCAP} environment variable of subshells. It may help in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2891 certain situations (e.g., using rlogin from shell buffer) to add an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2892 entry for @samp{emacs} to the system-wide termcap file. Here is a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2893 correct termcap entry for @samp{emacs}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2894
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2895 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2896 emacs:tc=unknown:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2897 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2898
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2899 To make a terminfo entry for @samp{emacs}, use @code{tic} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2900 @code{captoinfo}. You need to generate
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2901 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}. It may work to simply copy
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2902 @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/d/dumb} to @file{/usr/lib/terminfo/e/emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2903
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2904 Having a termcap/terminfo entry will not enable the use of full screen
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2905 programs in shell buffers. Use @kbd{M-x terminal-emulator} for that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2906 instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2907
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2908 A workaround to the problem of missing termcap/terminfo entries is to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2909 change terminal type @samp{emacs} to type @samp{dumb} or @samp{unknown}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2910 in your shell start up file. @code{csh} users could put this in their
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2911 @file{.cshrc} files:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2912
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2913 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2914 if ("$term" == emacs) set term=dumb
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2915 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2916
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2917 @node Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Problems talking to certain hosts, Termcap/Terminfo entries for Emacs, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2918 @section Why does Emacs spontaneously start displaying "I-search:" and beeping?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2919 @cindex Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2920 @cindex isearch-mode, spontaneous entry into
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2921 @cindex Beeping without obvious reason
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2922
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2923 Your terminal (or something between your terminal and the computer) is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2924 sending @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control, and Emacs is receiving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2925 these characters and interpreting them as commands. (The @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2926 character normally invokes the @code{isearch-forward} command.) For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2927 possible solutions, see @ref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow control}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2928
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2929 @node Problems talking to certain hosts, Errors with init files, Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2930 @section Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2931 @cindex Hosts, Emacs cannot talk to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2932 @cindex @code{gethostbyname}, problematic version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2933
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2934 The problem may be that Emacs is linked with a wimpier version of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2935 @code{gethostbyname} than the rest of the programs on the machine. This
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2936 is often manifested as a message on startup of ``X server not responding.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2937 Check your @samp{DISPLAY} environment variable.'' or a message of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2938 ``Unknown host'' from @code{open-network-stream}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2939
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2940 On a Sun, this may be because Emacs had to be linked with the static C
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2941 library. The version of @code{gethostbyname} in the static C library
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2942 may only look in @file{/etc/hosts} and the NIS (YP) maps, while the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2943 version in the dynamic C library may be smart enough to check DNS in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2944 addition to or instead of NIS. On a Motorola Delta running System V
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2945 R3.6, the version of @code{gethostbyname} in the standard library works,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2946 but the one that works with NIS doesn't (the one you get with -linet).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2947 Other operating systems have similar problems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2948
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2949 Try these options:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2950
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2951 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2952
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2953 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2954 Explicitly add the host you want to communicate with to @file{/etc/hosts}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2955
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2956 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2957 Relink Emacs with this line in @file{src/config.h}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2958
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2959 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2960 #define LIBS_SYSTEM -lresolv
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2961 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2962
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2963 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2964 Replace @code{gethostbyname} and friends in @file{libc.a} with more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2965 useful versions such as the ones in @file{libresolv.a}. Then relink
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2966 Emacs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2967
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2968 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2969 If you are actually running NIS, make sure that @code{ypbind} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2970 properly told to do DNS lookups with the correct command line switch.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2971
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2972 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2973
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2974 @node Errors with init files, Emacs ignores X resources, Problems talking to certain hosts, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2975 @section Why does Emacs say "Error in init file"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2976 @cindex Error in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2977 @cindex Error in init file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2978 @cindex Init file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2979 @cindex @file{.emacs} file, errors in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2980 @cindex Debugging @file{.emacs} file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2981
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2982 An error occurred while loading either your @file{.emacs} file or the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2983 system-wide file @file{lisp/default.el}. Emacs 21.1 and later pops the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2984 @file{*Messages*} buffer, and puts there some additional information
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2985 about the error, to provide some hints for debugging.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2986
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2987 For information on how to debug your @file{.emacs} file, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
2988 @ref{Debugging a customization file}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2989
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2990 It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2991 hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2992 of this is explained in @ref{Terminal setup code works after Emacs has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2993 begun}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2994
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
2995 @node Emacs ignores X resources, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Errors with init files, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2996 @section Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2997 @cindex X resources being ignored
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2998 @cindex Ignored X resources
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
2999 @cindex @file{.Xdefaults}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3000
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3001 As of version 19, Emacs searches for X resources in the files specified
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3002 by the following environment variables:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3003
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3004 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3005
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3006 @item @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3007 @item @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3008 @item @code{XAPPLRESDIR}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3009
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3010 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3011
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3012 This emulates the functionality provided by programs written using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3013 Xt toolkit.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3014
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3015 @code{XFILESEARCHPATH} and @code{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3016 of file names separated by colons. @code{XAPPLRESDIR} should be a list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3017 of directory names separated by colons.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3018
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3019 Emacs searches for X resources:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3020
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3021 @enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3022
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3023 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3024 specified on the command line, with the @samp{-xrm RESOURCESTRING} option,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3025
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3026 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3027 then in the value of the @samp{XENVIRONMENT} environment variable,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3028
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3029 @itemize @minus
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3030
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3031 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3032 or if that is unset, in the file named
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3033 @file{~/.Xdefaults-@var{hostname}} if it exists (where @var{hostname} is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3034 the name of the machine Emacs is running on),
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3035
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3036 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3037
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3038 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3039 then in the screen-specific and server-wide resource properties provided
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3040 by the server,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3041
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3042 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3043
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3044 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3045 or if those properties are unset, in the file named @file{~/.Xdefaults}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3046 if it exists,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3047
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3048 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3049
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3050 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3051 then in the files listed in @samp{XUSERFILESEARCHPATH},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3052
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3053 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3054
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3055 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3056 or in files named @file{@var{lang}/Emacs} in directories listed in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3057 @samp{XAPPLRESDIR} (where @var{lang} is the value of the @code{LANG}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3058 environment variable), if the @samp{LANG} environment variable is set,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3059 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3060 or in files named Emacs in the directories listed in @samp{XAPPLRESDIR}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3061 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3062 or in @file{~/@var{lang}/Emacs} (if the @code{LANG} environment variable
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3063 is set),
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3064 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3065 or in @file{~/Emacs},
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3066
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3067 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3068
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3069 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3070 then in the files listed in @code{XFILESEARCHPATH}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3071
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3072 @end enumerate
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3073
36301
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3074 @node Emacs ignores frame parameters, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Emacs ignores X resources, Bugs and problems
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3075 @section Why don't my customizations of the frame parameters work?
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3076 @cindex Frame parameters
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3077
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3078 This probably happens because you have set the frame parameters in the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3079 variable @code{initial-frame-alist}. That variable holds parameters
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3080 used only for the first frame created when Emacs starts. To customize
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3081 the parameters of all frames, change the variable
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3082 @code{default-frame-alist} instead.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3083
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3084 These two variables exist because many users customize the initial frame
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3085 in a special way. For example, you could determine the position and
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3086 size of the initial frame, but would like to control the geometry of the
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3087 other frames by individually positioning each one of them.
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3088
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3089
3c4384777d5a (Emacs ignores frame parameters): New section.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35651
diff changeset
3090 @node Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Editing files with $ in the name, Emacs ignores frame parameters, Bugs and problems
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3091 @section Why does Emacs take 20 seconds to visit a file?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3092 @cindex Visiting files takes a long time
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3093 @cindex Delay when visiting files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3094 @cindex Files, take a long time to visit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3095
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3096 Old versions of Emacs (i.e., versions before Emacs 20.x) often
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3097 encountered this when the master lock file, @file{!!!SuperLock!!!}, has
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3098 been left in the lock directory somehow. Delete it.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3099
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3100 @email{meuer@@geom.umn.edu, Mark Meuer} says that NeXT NFS has a bug
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3101 where an exclusive create succeeds but returns an error status. This
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3102 can cause the same problem. Since Emacs's file locking doesn't work
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3103 over NFS anyway, the best solution is to recompile Emacs with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3104 @code{CLASH_DETECTION} undefined.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3105
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3106 @node Editing files with $ in the name, Shell mode loses the current directory, Emacs takes a long time to visit files, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3107 @section How do I edit a file with a @samp{$} in its name?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3108 @cindex Editing files with @samp{$} in the name
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3109 @cindex @samp{$} in file names
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3110 @cindex File names containing @samp{$}, editing
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3111
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3112 When entering a file name in the minibuffer, Emacs will attempt to expand
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3113 a @samp{$} followed by a word as an environment variable. To suppress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3114 this behavior, type @kbd{$$} instead.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3115
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3116 @node Shell mode loses the current directory, Security risks with Emacs, Editing files with $ in the name, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3117 @section Why does shell mode lose track of the shell's current directory?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3118 @cindex Current directory and @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3119 @cindex @code{shell-mode} and current directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3120 @cindex Directory, current in @code{shell-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3121
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3122 Emacs has no way of knowing when the shell actually changes its
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3123 directory. This is an intrinsic limitation of Unix. So it tries to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3124 guess by recognizing @samp{cd} commands. If you type @kbd{cd} followed
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3125 by a directory name with a variable reference (@kbd{cd $HOME/bin}) or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3126 with a shell metacharacter (@kbd{cd ../lib*}), Emacs will fail to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3127 correctly guess the shell's new current directory. A huge variety of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3128 fixes and enhancements to shell mode for this problem have been written
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3129 to handle this problem (@pxref{Finding a package with particular
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3130 functionality}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3131
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3132 You can tell Emacs the shell's current directory with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3133 @kbd{M-x dirs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3134
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3135 @node Security risks with Emacs, Dired claims that no file is on this line, Shell mode loses the current directory, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3136 @section Are there any security risks in Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3137 @cindex Security with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3138 @cindex @samp{movemail} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3139 @cindex @code{file-local-variable} and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3140 @cindex Synthetic X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3141 @cindex X events and security
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3142
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3143 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3144
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3145 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3146 The @file{movemail} incident. (No, this is not a risk.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3147
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3148 In his book @cite{The Cuckoo's Egg}, Cliff Stoll describes this in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3149 chapter 4. The site at LBL had installed the @file{/etc/movemail}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3150 program setuid root. (As of version 19, @file{movemail} is in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3151 architecture-specific directory; type @kbd{C-h v exec-directory
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3152 @key{RET}} to see what it is.) Since @code{movemail} had not been
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3153 designed for this situation, a security hole was created and users could
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3154 get root privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3155
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3156 @code{movemail} has since been changed so that this security hole will
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3157 not exist, even if it is installed setuid root. However,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3158 @code{movemail} no longer needs to be installed setuid root, which
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3159 should eliminate this particular risk.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3160
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3161 We have heard unverified reports that the 1988 Internet worm took
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3162 advantage of this configuration problem.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3163
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3164 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3165 The @code{file-local-variable} feature. (Yes, a risk, but easy to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3166 change.)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3167
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3168 There is an Emacs feature that allows the setting of local values for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3169 variables when editing a file by including specially formatted text near
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3170 the end of the file. This feature also includes the ability to have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3171 arbitrary Emacs Lisp code evaluated when the file is visited.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3172 Obviously, there is a potential for Trojan horses to exploit this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3173 feature.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3174
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3175 Emacs 18 allowed this feature by default; users could disable it by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3176 setting the variable @code{inhibit-local-variables} to a non-nil value.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3177
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3178 As of Emacs 19, Emacs has a list of local variables that create a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3179 security risk. If a file tries to set one of them, it asks the user to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3180 confirm whether the variables should be set. You can also tell Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3181 whether to allow the evaluation of Emacs Lisp code found at the bottom
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3182 of files by setting the variable @code{enable-local-eval}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3183
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3184 For more information, @inforef{File Variables, File Variables, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3185
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3186 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3187 Synthetic X events. (Yes, a risk; use @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1} or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3188 better.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3189
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3190 Emacs accepts synthetic X events generated by the @code{SendEvent}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3191 request as though they were regular events. As a result, if you are
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3192 using the trivial host-based authentication, other users who can open X
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3193 connections to your X workstation can make your Emacs process do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3194 anything, including run other processes with your privileges.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3195
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3196 The only fix for this is to prevent other users from being able to open
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3197 X connections. The standard way to prevent this is to use a real
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3198 authentication mechanism, such as @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. If using
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3199 the @code{xauth} program has any effect, then you are probably using
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3200 @samp{MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1}. Your site may be using a superior
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3201 authentication method; ask your system administrator.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3202
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3203 If real authentication is not a possibility, you may be satisfied by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3204 just allowing hosts access for brief intervals while you start your X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3205 programs, then removing the access. This reduces the risk somewhat by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3206 narrowing the time window when hostile users would have access, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3207 @emph{does not eliminate the risk}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3208
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
3209 On most computers running Unix and X, you enable and disable
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3210 access using the @code{xhost} command. To allow all hosts access to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3211 your X server, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3212
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3213 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3214 xhost +
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3215 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3216
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3217 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3218 at the shell prompt, which (on an HP machine, at least) produces the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3219 following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3220
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3221 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3222 access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3223 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3224
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3225 To deny all hosts access to your X server (except those explicitly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3226 allowed by name), use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3227
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3228 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3229 xhost -
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3230 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3231
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3232 On the test HP computer, this command generated the following message:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3233
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3234 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3235 access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3236 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3237
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3238 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3239
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3240 @node Dired claims that no file is on this line, , Security risks with Emacs, Bugs and problems
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3241 @section Dired says, "no file on this line" when I try to do something.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3242 @cindex Dired does not see a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3243
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3244 @c FIXME: I think this is fixed in Emacs 21, but I didn't have time to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3245 @c check.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3246 Chances are you're using a localized version of Unix that doesn't use US
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3247 date format in dired listings. You can check this by looking at dired
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3248 listings or by typing @kbd{ls -l} to a shell and looking at the dates that
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3249 come out.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3250
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3251 Dired uses a regular expression to find the beginning of a file name.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3252 In a long Unix-style directory listing (@samp{ls -l}), the file name
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3253 starts after the date. The regexp has thus been written to look for the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3254 date, the format of which can vary on non-US systems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3255
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3256 There are two approaches to solving this. The first one involves
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3257 setting things up so that @samp{ls -l} outputs US date format. This can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3258 be done by setting the locale. See your OS manual for more information.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3259
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3260 The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3261 dired, @code{dired-move-to-filename-regexp}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3262
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3263 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3264 @node Compiling and installing Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages, Bugs and problems, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3265 @chapter Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3266 @cindex Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3267
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3268 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3269 * Installing Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3270 * Updating Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3271 * Problems building Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3272 * Linking with -lX11 fails::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3273 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3274
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3275 @node Installing Emacs, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3276 @section How do I install Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3277 @cindex Installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3278 @cindex Unix systems, installing Emacs on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3279 @cindex Downloading and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3280 @cindex Retrieving and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3281 @cindex Building Emacs from source
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3282 @cindex Source code, building Emacs from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3283 @cindex Unpacking and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3284
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3285 This answer is meant for users of Unix and Unix-like systems. Users of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3286 other operating systems should see the series of questions beginning
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3287 with @ref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, which describe where to get non-Unix source
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3288 and binaries, and how to install Emacs on those systems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3289
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3290 For Unix and Unix-like systems, the easiest way is often to compile it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3291 from scratch. You will need:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3292
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3293 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3294
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3295 @item
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3296 Emacs sources. @xref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of ftp sites
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3297 that make them available. On @file{ftp.gnu.org}, the main GNU
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3298 distribution site, sources are available as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3299
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3300 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3301
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3302 The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3303 instance, when Emacs 21.42 is released, it will most probably be
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3304 available as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3305
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3306 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-21.42.tar.gz}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3307
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3308 Again, you should use one of the GNU mirror sites (see @ref{Current GNU
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3309 distributions}, and adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3310 @file{ftp.gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3311
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3312 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3313 @code{gzip}, the GNU compression utility. You can get @code{gzip} via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3314 anonymous ftp at mirrors of @file{ftp.gnu.org} sites; it should compile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3315 and install without much trouble on most systems. Once you have
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3316 retrieved the Emacs sources, you will probably be able to uncompress
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3317 them with the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3318
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3319 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3320 gunzip --verbose emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3321 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3322
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3323 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3324 changing the Emacs version (@value{VER}), as necessary. Once
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3325 @code{gunzip} has finished doing its job, a file by the name of
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3326 @file{emacs-@value{VER}.tar} should be in your build directory.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3327
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3328 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3329 @code{tar}, the @dfn{tape archiving} program, which moves multiple files
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3330 into and out of archive files, or @dfn{tarfiles}. All of the files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3331 comprising the Emacs source come in a single tarfile, and must be
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3332 extracted using @code{tar} before you can build Emacs. Typically, the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3333 extraction command would look like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3334
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3335 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3336 tar -xvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3337 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3338
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3339 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3340 The @samp{x} indicates that we want to extract files from this tarfile,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3341 the two @samp{v}s force verbose output, and the @samp{f} tells
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3342 @code{tar} to use a disk file, rather than one on the tape drive.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3343
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3344 If you're using GNU @code{tar} (available at mirrors of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3345 @file{ftp.gnu.org}), you can combine this step and the previous one by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3346 using the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3347
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3348 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3349 tar -zxvvf emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3350 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3351
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3352 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3353 The additional @samp{z} at the beginning of the options list tells GNU
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3354 @code{tar} to uncompress the file with @code{gunzip} before extracting
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3355 the tarfile's components.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3356
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3357 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3358
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3359 At this point, the Emacs sources (all 70+ megabytes of them) should be
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3360 sitting in a directory called @file{emacs-@value{VER}}. On most common
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3361 Unix and Unix-like systems, you should be able to compile Emacs (with X
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3362 Window system support) with the following commands:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3363
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3364 @example
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3365 cd emacs-@value{VER} # change directory to emacs-@value{VER}
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3366 ./configure # configure Emacs for your particular system
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3367 make # use Makefile to build components, then Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3368 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3369
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3370 If the @code{make} completes successfully, the odds are fairly good that
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3371 the build has gone well. (@xref{Problems building Emacs}, if you weren't
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3372 successful.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3373
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3374 By default, Emacs is installed in the following directories:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3375
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3376 @table @file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3377 @item /usr/local/bin
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3378 binaries.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3379
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3380 @item /usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3381 Lisp code and support files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3382
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3383 @item /usr/local/info
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3384 Info documentation.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3385 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3386
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3387 To install files in those default directories, become the superuser and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3388 type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3389
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3390 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3391 make install
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3392 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3393
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3394 Note that @samp{make install} will overwrite @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3395 and any Emacs Info files that might be in @file{/usr/local/info}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3396
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3397 Much more verbose instructions (with many more hints and suggestions)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3398 come with the Emacs sources, in the file @file{INSTALL}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3399
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3400 @node Updating Emacs, Problems building Emacs, Installing Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3401 @section How do I update Emacs to the latest version?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3402 @cindex Updating Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3403
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3404 @xref{Installing Emacs}, and follow the instructions there for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3405 installation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3406
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3407 Most files are placed in version-specific directories. Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3408 @value{VER}, for instance, places files in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3409 @file{/usr/local/share/emacs/@value{VER}}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3410
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3411 Upgrading should overwrite only, @file{/usr/local/bin/emacs} (the Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3412 binary) and documentation in @file{/usr/local/info}. Back up these
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3413 files before you upgrade, and you shouldn't have too much trouble.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3414
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3415 @node Problems building Emacs, Linking with -lX11 fails, Updating Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3416 @section What should I do if I have trouble building Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3417 @cindex Problems building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3418 @cindex Errors when building Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3419
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3420 First look in the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS} (where you unpack the Emacs
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3421 source) to see if there is already a solution for your problem. Next,
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3422 look for other questions in this FAQ that have to do with Emacs
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3423 installation and compilation problems.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3424
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3425 If you'd like to have someone look at your problem and help solve it,
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3426 see @ref{Help installing Emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3427
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3428 If you cannot find a solution in the documentation, send a message to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3429 @email{bug-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3430
37806
8da84c32ff29 Avoid overfull hboxes.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37597
diff changeset
3431 Please don't post it to @uref{news:gnu.emacs.help} or send e-mail to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3432 @email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org}. For further guidelines, see
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3433 @ref{Guidelines for newsgroup postings} and @ref{Reporting bugs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3434
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3435 @node Linking with -lX11 fails, , Problems building Emacs, Compiling and installing Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3436 @section Why does linking Emacs with -lX11 fail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3437 @cindex Linking with -lX11 fails
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3438 @cindex lX11, linking fails with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3439
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3440 Emacs needs to be linked with the static version of the X11 library,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3441 @file{libX11.a}. This may be missing.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3442
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3443 On OpenWindows, you may need to use @code{add_services} to add the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3444 "OpenWindows Programmers" optional software category from the CD-ROM.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3445
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3446 On HP-UX 8.0, you may need to run @code{update} again to load the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3447 X11-PRG ``fileset''. This may be missing even if you specified ``all
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3448 filesets'' the first time. If @file{libcurses.a} is missing, you may
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3449 need to load the ``Berkeley Development Option.''
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3450
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3451 @email{zoo@@armadillo.com, David Zuhn} says that MIT X builds shared
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3452 libraries by default, and only shared libraries, on those platforms that
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3453 support them. These shared libraries can't be used when undumping
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3454 @code{temacs} (the last stage of the Emacs build process). To get
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3455 regular libraries in addition to shared libraries, add this to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3456 @file{site.cf}:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3457
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3458 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3459 #define ForceNormalLib YES
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3460 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3461
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3462 Other systems may have similar problems. You can always define
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3463 @code{CANNOT_DUMP} and link with the shared libraries instead.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3464
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3465 @cindex X Menus don't work
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3466 To get the Xmenu stuff to work, you need to find a copy of MIT's
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3467 @file{liboldX.a}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3468
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3469 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3470 @node Finding Emacs and related packages, Major packages and programs, Compiling and installing Emacs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3471 @chapter Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3472 @cindex Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3473
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3474 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3475 * Finding Emacs on the Internet::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3476 * Finding a package with particular functionality::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3477 * Packages that do not come with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3478 * Current GNU distributions::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3479 * Difference between Emacs and XEmacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3480 * Emacs for MS-DOS::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3481 * Emacs for Windows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3482 * Emacs for OS/2::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3483 * Emacs for Atari ST::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3484 * Emacs for the Amiga ::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3485 * Emacs for NeXTSTEP::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3486 * Emacs for Apple computers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3487 * Emacs for VMS and DECwindows::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3488 * Modes for various languages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3489 * Translating names to IP addresses::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3490 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3491
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3492 @node Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3493 @section Where can I get Emacs on the net (or by snail mail)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3494 @cindex Finding Emacs on the Internet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3495 @cindex Snail mail, ordering Emacs via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3496 @cindex Postal service, ordering Emacs via
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3497 @cindex Distribution, retrieving Emacs
46918
82d113655734 Minor spelling and grammar corrections.
Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
parents: 46655
diff changeset
3498 @cindex Internet, retrieving from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3499
51449
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3500 Look in the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3501 information on nearby archive sites. If you don't already have Emacs,
352a8000c437 Don't mention etc/ORDERS.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 50954
diff changeset
3502 see @ref{Informational files for Emacs}, for how to get these files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3503
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3504 @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on how to obtain and build the latest
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3505 version of Emacs, and see @ref{Current GNU distributions}, for a list of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3506 archive sites that make GNU software available.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3507
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3508 @node Finding a package with particular functionality, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3509 @section How do I find a Emacs Lisp package that does XXX?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3510 @cindex Package, finding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3511 @cindex Finding an Emacs Lisp package
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3512 @cindex Functionality, finding a particular package
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3513
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3514 First of all, you should check to make sure that the package isn't
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3515 already available. For example, typing @kbd{M-x apropos @key{RET}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3516 wordstar @key{RET}} lists all functions and variables containing the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3517 string @samp{wordstar}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3518
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3519 It is also possible that the package is on your system, but has not been
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3520 loaded. To see which packages are available for loading, look through
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3521 your computer's lisp directory (@pxref{File-name conventions}). The Lisp
36344
6c3540ec3c12 (Finding a package with particular functionality):
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 36301
diff changeset
3522 source to most packages contains a short description of how they
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3523 should be loaded, invoked, and configured---so before you use or
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3524 modify a Lisp package, see if the author has provided any hints in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3525 source code.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3526
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3527 The command @kbd{C-h p} (@code{finder-by-keyword}) allows you to browse
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3528 the constituent Emacs packages.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3529
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3530 For advice on how to find extra packages that are not part of Emacs,
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3531 see @ref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3532
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3533 @node Packages that do not come with Emacs, Current GNU distributions, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3534 @section Where can I get Emacs Lisp packages that don't come with Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3535 @cindex Unbundled packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3536 @cindex Finding other packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3537 @cindex Lisp packages that do not come with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3538 @cindex Packages, those that do not come with Emacs
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3539 @cindex Emacs Lisp List
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3540 @cindex Emacs Lisp Archive
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3541
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3542 @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.html, The Emacs Lisp
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3543 List (ELL)}, maintained by @email{stephen@@anc.ed.ac.uk, Stephen Eglen},
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3544 aims to provide one compact list with links to all of the current Emacs
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3545 lisp files on the internet. The ELL can be browsed over the web, or
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3546 from Emacs with @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.el,
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3547 the @file{ell} package}.
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3548
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3549 Many authors post their packages to the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.sources,
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3550 Emacs sources newsgroup}. You can search the archives of this
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3551 group with @uref{http://groups.google.com, Google}, for example.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3552
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3553 Several packages are stored in
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3554 @uref{http://emacswiki.org/elisp/, the Lisp area of the Emacs Wiki}.
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3555
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3556 For a long time, the Emacs Lisp Archive provided a central repository
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3557 for Emacs packages. Sadly, it has not been active for some time,
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3558 although you can still access the old files at
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3559
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3560 @uref{ftp://ftp.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/WWW/index.html}
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3561
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3562 @node Current GNU distributions, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Packages that do not come with Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3563 @section Where can I get other up-to-date GNU stuff?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3564 @cindex Current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3565 @cindex Sources for current GNU distributions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3566 @cindex Stuff, current GNU
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3567 @cindex Up-to-date GNU stuff
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3568 @cindex Finding current GNU software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3569 @cindex Official GNU software sites
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3570
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3571 The most up-to-date official GNU software is normally kept at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3572
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3573 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3574
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3575 Read the files @file{etc/DISTRIB} and @file{etc/FTP} for more
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3576 information.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3577
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3578 A list of sites mirroring @samp{ftp.gnu.org} can be found at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3579
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3580 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3581
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3582 @node Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Emacs for MS-DOS, Current GNU distributions, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3583 @section What is the difference between Emacs and XEmacs (formerly "Lucid Emacs")?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3584 @cindex XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3585 @cindex Difference Emacs and XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3586 @cindex Lucid Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3587 @cindex Epoch
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3588
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3589 First of all, they're both GNU Emacs. XEmacs is just as much a later
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3590 version of GNU Emacs as the FSF-distributed version. This FAQ refers to
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3591 the latest version to be distributed by the FSF as ``Emacs,'' partly
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3592 because the XEmacs maintainers now refer to their product using the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3593 ``XEmacs'' name, and partly because there isn't any accurate way to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3594 differentiate between the two without getting mired in paragraphs of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3595 legalese and history.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3596
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3597 XEmacs, which began life as Lucid Emacs, is based on an early version of
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3598 Emacs 19 and Epoch, an X-aware version of Emacs 18.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3599
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3600 Emacs (i.e., the version distributed by the FSF) has a larger installed
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3601 base and now always contains the MULE multilingual facilities.
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
3602 XEmacs can do some clever tricks with X and MS-Windows, such as
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3603 putting arbitrary graphics in a buffer. Similar facilities have been
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3604 implemented for Emacs as part of a new redisplay implementation for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3605 Emacs 21, and are available in the latest Emacs releases.
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3606 Emacs and XEmacs each come with
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3607 Lisp packages that are lacking in the other; RMS says that the FSF would
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3608 include more packages that come with XEmacs, but that the XEmacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3609 maintainers don't always keep track of the authors of contributed code,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3610 which makes it impossible for the FSF to have certain legal papers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3611 signed. (Without these legal papers, the FSF will not distribute Lisp
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3612 packages with Emacs.) The two versions have some
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3613 significant differences at the Lisp programming level.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3614
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3615 Many XEmacs features have found their way into recent versions of Emacs,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3616 and more features can be expected in the future, but there are still many
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3617 differences between the two.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3618
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3619 The latest stable branch of XEmacs as of this writing is 21.4; you can
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3620 get it at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3621
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3622 @uref{ftp://ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/xemacs-21.4/xemacs-21.4.12.tar.gz}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3623
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3624 More information about XEmacs, including a list of frequently asked
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3625 questions (FAQ), is available at
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3626
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3627 @uref{http://www.xemacs.org/}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3628
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3629 @node Emacs for MS-DOS, Emacs for Windows, Difference between Emacs and XEmacs, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3630 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running MS-DOS?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3631 @cindex MS-DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3632 @cindex DOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3633 @cindex Compiling Emacs for DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3634 @cindex Emacs for MS-DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3635 @cindex Tools needed to compile Emacs under DOS
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3636
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3637 A pre-built binary distribution of Emacs is available from the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3638 SimTel.NET archives. This version apparently works under MS-DOS and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3639 Windows (3.X, 9X, ME, NT, and 2000) and supports long file names under
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3640 Windows 9X, Windows ME, and Windows 2000. More information is available
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3641 from
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3642
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
3643 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/djgpp/v2gnu/emacs.README}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3644
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3645 The binary itself is available in the files @file{em*.zip} in the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3646 directory
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3647
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
3648 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/djgpp/v2gnu/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3649
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3650 If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you can do so with the
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3651 current distribution directly. You will need a 386 (or
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3652 better) processor, and to be running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. According to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3653 @email{eliz@@is.elta.co.il, Eli Zaretskii} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3654 @email{hankedr@@dms.auburn.edu, Darrel Hankerson}, you will need the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3655 following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3656
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3657 @table @emph
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3658
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3659 @item Compiler
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3660 DJGPP version 1.12 maint 1 or later. Djgpp 2.0 or later is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3661 recommended, since 1.x is very old an unmaintained. Djgpp 2 supports
36383
d26ad6e1f13f Change "filename" to "file name" or "file-name".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36344
diff changeset
3662 long file names on Windows 9X/ME/2K.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3663
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3664 You can get the latest release of DJGPP by retrieving all of
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3665 the files in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3666
43960
397a4490dc38 Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42674
diff changeset
3667 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnu/djgpp/v2*}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3668
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3669 @item Unpacking program
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3670 The easiest way is to use @code{djtar} which comes with DJGPP v2.x,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3671 because it can open gzip'ed tarfiles (i.e., those ending with
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3672 @file{.tar.gz}) in one step. @code{Djtar} comes in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3673 @file{djdev@var{nnn}.zip} archive (where @var{nnn} is the DJGPP version
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3674 number), from the URL mentioned above.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3675
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3676 @strong{Warning!} Do @strong{not} use the popular WinZip program to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3677 unpack the Emacs distribution! WinZip is known to corrupt some of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3678 files by converting them to the DOS CR-LF format, it doesn't always
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3679 preserve the directory structure recorded in the compressed Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3680 archive, and commits other atrocities. Some of these problems could
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3681 actually prevent Emacs from building successfully!
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3682
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3683 @item make, mv, sed, and rm
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3684 All of these utilities are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3685
43960
397a4490dc38 Fix some URLs, the Copyright years, and the Emacs version.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 42674
diff changeset
3686 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3687
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3688 16-bit utilities can be found in GNUish, at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3689
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
3690 @uref{http://www.simtel.net/pub/gnuish/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3691
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3692 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3693 (@code{mv} and @code{rm} are in the Fileutils package, @code{sed} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3694 @code{make} are each one in a separate package named after them.)
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3695
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3696 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3697
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3698 The files @file{INSTALL} (near its end) and @file{etc/PROBLEMS} in the
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3699 directory of the Emacs sources contains some additional information
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3700 regarding Emacs under MS-DOS.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3701
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3702 For a list of other MS-DOS implementations of Emacs (and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3703 look-alikes), consult the list of "Emacs implementations and literature,"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3704 available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3705
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3706 @uref{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.emacs/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3707
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3708 Note that while many of these programs look similar to Emacs, they often
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3709 lack certain features, such as the Emacs Lisp extension language.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3710
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3711 @node Emacs for Windows, Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for MS-DOS, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3712 @section Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3713 @cindex FAQ for NT Emacs
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3714 @cindex Emacs for MS-Windows
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3715 @cindex Microsoft Windows, Emacs for
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3716 @cindex Windows 9X, ME, NT, 2K, and CE, Emacs for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3717
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3718 For information on Emacs for Windows 95 and NT, read the FAQ produced by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3719 @email{voelker@@cs.washington.edu, Geoff Voelker}, available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3720
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3721 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html}
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3722
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3723 @xref{Emacs for MS-DOS}, for Windows 3.1.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3724
36977
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3725 A port of Emacs 20.7 for Windows CE, based on NTEmacs, is available at
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3726
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3727 @uref{http://www.rainer-keuchel.de/software.html}
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3728
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3729 @noindent
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3730 This port was done by @email{coyxc@@rainer-keuchel.de, Rainer Keuchel},
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3731 and supports all Emacs features except async subprocesses and menus.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3732 You will need MSVC 6.0 and a Windows CE SDK to build this port.
cd1988377f17 (Emacs for Windows): Mention a port for Windows CE.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36842
diff changeset
3733
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3734 @node Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for Windows, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3735 @section Where can I get Emacs for my PC running OS/2?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3736 @cindex OS/2, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3737
35061
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3738 Emacs 20.6 is ported for emx on OS/2 2.0 or 2.1, and is available at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3739
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3740 @uref{ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/apps/editors/emacs/e206*.zip}
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3741
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3742 @noindent
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3743 and also at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3744
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3745 @uref{http://archiv.leo.org/pub/comp/os/os2/leo/gnu/emacs%2d20/}
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3746
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3747 Instructions for installation, basic setup, and other useful information
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3748 for OS/2 users of Emacs can be found at
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3749
55713e74f1aa Update links and version info for the OS/2 port.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34922
diff changeset
3750 @uref{http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~oheiabbd/emacs/emacs206-os2.html}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3751
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3752 @node Emacs for Atari ST, Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for OS/2, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3753 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Atari ST?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3754 @cindex Atari ST, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3755 @cindex TOS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3756
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3757 Roland Schäuble reports that Emacs 18.58 running on plain TOS and MiNT
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3758 is available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3759 @uref{ftp://atari.archive.umich.edu/Editors/Emacs-18-58/1858b-d3.zoo}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3760
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3761 @node Emacs for the Amiga , Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Atari ST, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3762 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Amiga?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3763 @cindex Amiga, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3764
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3765 The files you need are available at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3766
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3767 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3768
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3769 @email{dgilbert@@gamiga.guelphnet.dweomer.org, David Gilbert} has released a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3770 beta version of Emacs 19.25 for the Amiga. You can get the binary at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3771
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3772 @uref{ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/util/gnu/a2.0bEmacs-bin.lha}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3773
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3774 @node Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for the Amiga , Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3775 @section Where can I get Emacs for NeXTSTEP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3776 @cindex NeXTSTEP, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3777
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3778 Emacs.app is a NeXTSTEP version of Emacs 19.34 which supports colors,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3779 menus, and multiple frames. You can get it from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3780
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3781 @uref{ftp://next-ftp.peak.org/pub/next/apps/emacs/Emacs_for_NeXTstep.4.20a1.NIHS.b.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3782
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3783 @node Emacs for Apple computers, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Emacs for NeXTSTEP, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3784 @section Where can I get Emacs for my Apple computer?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3785 @cindex Apple computers, Emacs for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3786 @cindex Macintosh, Emacs for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3787
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3788 An unofficial port of GNU Emacs 18.59 to the Macintosh is available at a
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3789 number of ftp sites, the home being
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3790 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.cornell.edu/pub/parmet/Emacs-1.17.sit.bin}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3791
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3792 A port of Emacs 20.4 is available at
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3793 @uref{http://www.cs.hku.hk/~choi/emacs/index.html}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3794
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3795 Beginning with version 21.1, the Macintosh is supported in the official
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3796 Emacs distribution; see the files @file{mac/README} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3797 @file{mac/INSTALL} in the Emacs distribution for build instructions.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3798
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3799 Apple's forthcoming "OS X" is based largely on NeXTSTEP and OpenStep.
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
3800 @xref{Emacs for NeXTSTEP}, for more details about that version.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3801
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3802 @node Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Modes for various languages, Emacs for Apple computers, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3803 @section Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3804 @cindex DECwindows, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3805 @cindex VMS, Emacs for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3806
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3807 Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3808 available at @uref{http://vms.gnu.org/}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3809
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3810 @node Modes for various languages, Translating names to IP addresses, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Finding Emacs and related packages
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3811 @section Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, csh, C@t{++}, Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3812 @cindex Awk, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3813 @cindex @code{awk-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3814 @cindex Bison, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3815 @cindex Bourne Shell, mode for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3816 @cindex C@t{++}, mode for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3817 @cindex Java, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3818 @cindex Lex mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3819 @cindex Objective-C, mode for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3820 @cindex @code{pascal-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3821 @cindex Shell mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3822 @cindex Yacc mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3823 @cindex @file{csh} mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3824 @cindex @code{sh-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3825 @cindex @code{cc-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3826
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3827 Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution.
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3828 To get additional modes, see @ref{Finding a package with particular
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3829 functionality}.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3830
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3831 Barry Warsaw's @code{cc-mode} now works for C, C@t{++}, Objective-C, and
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3832 Java code. It is distributed with Emacs, but has
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
3833 @uref{http://cc-mode.sourceforge.net/, its own homepage}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3834
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3835 @node Translating names to IP addresses, , Modes for various languages, Finding Emacs and related packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3836 @section What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3837 @cindex Translating names to IP addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3838 @cindex IP addresses from names
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3839 @cindex Using BIND to translate addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3840 @cindex DNS and IP addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3841
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3842 If you are on a Unix machine, try using the @samp{nslookup} command,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3843 included in the Berkeley BIND package. For example, to find the IP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3844 address of @samp{ftp.gnu.org}, you would type @code{nslookup
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3845 ftp.gnu.org}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3846
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3847 Your computer should then provide the IP address of that machine.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3848
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3849 If your site's nameserver is deficient, you can use IP addresses to FTP
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3850 files. You can get this information by e-mail:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3851
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3852 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3853 To: dns@@[134.214.84.25] (to grasp.insa-lyon.fr)
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3854 Body: ip XXX.YYY.ZZZ (or "help" for more information
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3855 and options - no quotes)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3856 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3857
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3858 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3859 or:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3860
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3861 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3862 To: resolve@@[147.31.254.130] (to laverne.cs.widener.edu)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3863 Body: site XXX.YYY.ZZZ
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3864 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3865
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3866 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3867 @node Major packages and programs, Key bindings, Finding Emacs and related packages, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3868 @chapter Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3869 @cindex Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3870
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3871 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3872 * VM::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3873 * Supercite::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3874 * Calc::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3875 * VIPER::
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3876 * AUCTeX::
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3877 * BBDB::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3878 * Ispell::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3879 * w3-mode::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3880 * EDB::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3881 * Mailcrypt::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3882 * JDE::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
3883 * Patch::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3884 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3885
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3886 @node VM, Supercite, Major packages and programs, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3887 @section VM (View Mail) --- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3888 @cindex VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3889 @cindex Alternative mail software
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3890 @cindex View Mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3891 @cindex E-mail reader, VM
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3892
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3893 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3894
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3895 @item Author
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3896 @email{kyle_jones@@wonderworks.com, Kyle Jones}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3897
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3898 @item Latest version
50954
e6cae6d37bc9 Update VM version.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50791
diff changeset
3899 7.15
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3900
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3901 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3902 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/vm.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3903
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3904 @item Informational newsgroup
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3905 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.info}@*
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3906
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3907 @item Bug reports newsgroup
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3908 @uref{news:gnu.emacs.vm.bug}@*
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3909 Or send reports to @email{bug-vm@@wonderworks.com}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3910 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3911
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3912 VM 7 works well with Emacs 21. Older versions of VM suitable for use
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3913 with older versions of Emacs are available from
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3914 @uref{ftp://ftp.wonderworks.com/pub/vm/, the same FTP site}.
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3915
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3916
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3917 @node Supercite, Calc, VM, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3918 @section Supercite --- mail and news citation package within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3919 @cindex Supercite
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3920 @cindex Superyank
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3921 @cindex Mail and news citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3922 @cindex News and mail citations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3923 @cindex Citations in mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3924
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3925 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3926
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3927 @item Author
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3928 @email{barry@@python.org, Barry Warsaw}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3929
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3930 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3931 3.54 (comes bundled with Emacs since version 20)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3932
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3933 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3934 @uref{http://www.python.org/emacs/supercite.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3935
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3936 @item Mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3937 Subscription requests to @email{supercite-request@@python.org}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3938 Submissions @email{supercite@@python.org}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3939
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3940 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3941
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3942 Superyank is an old version of Supercite.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3943
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3944 @node Calc, VIPER, Supercite, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3945 @section Calc --- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3946 @cindex Programmable calculator
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3947 @cindex Calc
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3948 @cindex Mathematical package
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3949
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3950 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3951
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3952 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3953 @email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, Dave Gillespie}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3954
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3955 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3956 2.02f
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3957
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3958 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3959 @uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/calc/calc-2.02f.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3960
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3961 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3962
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3963 Note that Calc 2.02f needs patching to work with Emacs 21 and later.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3964
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3965 @cindex @code{calculator}, a package
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3966 Emacs 21.1 and later comes with a package called @file{calculator.el}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3967 It doesn't support all the mathematical wizardry offered by Calc, such
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3968 as matrices, special functions, and statistics, but is more than
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3969 adequate as a replacement for @code{xcalc} and similar programs.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3970
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3971 @node VIPER, AUCTeX, Calc, Major packages and programs
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3972 @section VIPER --- @code{vi} emulation for Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3973 @cindex @code{vi} emulation
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3974 @cindex VIPER
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3975 @cindex Emulation of @code{vi}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3976
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3977 Since Emacs 19.29, the preferred @code{vi} emulation in Emacs is VIPER
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3978 (@kbd{M-x viper-mode @key{RET}}), which comes with Emacs. It extends
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3979 and supersedes VIP (including VIP 4.3) and provides @code{vi} emulation
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3980 at several levels, from one that closely follows @code{vi} to one that
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
3981 departs from @code{vi} in several significant ways.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3982
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3983 For Emacs 19.28 and earlier, the following version of VIP is generally
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3984 better than the one distributed with Emacs:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3985
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3986 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3987 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3988 @email{sane@@cs.uiuc.edu, Aamod Sane}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3989
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3990 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3991 4.3
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3992
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3993 @item Distribution
48785
08b94ecd1d08 Fix URLs.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 47737
diff changeset
3994 @uref{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/emacs-lisp/old-archive/modes/vip-mode.tar.Z}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3995
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3996 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
3997
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3998 @node AUCTeX, BBDB, VIPER, Major packages and programs
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
3999 @section AUCTeX --- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4000 @cindex Mode for @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4001 @cindex @TeX{} mode
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4002 @cindex AUCTeX mode for editing @TeX{}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4003 @cindex Writing and debugging @TeX{}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4004
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4005 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4006
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4007 @item Authors
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4008 @email{krab@@iesd.auc.dk, Kresten Krab Thorup} and@*
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4009 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4010
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4011 @item Maintainer
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4012 @email{dak@@gnu.org, David Kastrup}
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4013
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4014 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4015 11.13
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4016
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4017 @item Distribution
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4018 @uref{http://savannah.gnu.org/download/auctex/stable.pkg/11.13/auctex-11.13.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4019
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4020 @item Web site
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4021 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4022
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4023 @item Mailing list:
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4024 Subscription requests to @email{auc-tex-subscribe@@sunsite.dk}@*
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4025 Submissions to @email{auc-tex@@sunsite.dk}@*
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4026 Development team is at @email{auc-tex_mgr@@sunsite.dk}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4027
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4028 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4029
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4030 @node BBDB, Ispell, AUCTeX, Major packages and programs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4031 @section BBDB --- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4032 @cindex BBDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4033 @cindex Rolodex-like functionality
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4034 @cindex Integrated contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4035 @cindex Contact database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4036 @cindex Big Brother Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4037 @cindex Address book
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4038
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4039 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4040
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4041 @item Maintainer
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4042 @email{waider@@waider.ie, Ronan Waide}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4043
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4044 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4045 2.34
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4046
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4047 @item Distribution
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4048 @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4049
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4050 @item Mailing lists
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4051 Subscription requests to @email{bbdb-info-request@@lists.sourceforge.net}@*
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4052 Submissions to @email{bbdb-info@@lists.sourceforge.net}@*
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4053 Release announcements: @email{bbdb-announce-request@@lists.sourceforge.net}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4054
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4055 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4056
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4057 @node Ispell, w3-mode, BBDB, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4058 @section Ispell --- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4059 @cindex Spell-checker
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4060 @cindex Checking spelling
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4061 @cindex Ispell
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4062
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4063 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4064
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4065 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4066 @email{geoff@@itcorp.com, Geoff Kuenning}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4067
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4068 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4069 3.1.20
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4070
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4071 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4072 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.ucla.edu/pub/ispell/ispell-3.1.20.tar.gz}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4073
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4074 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4075 @uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/geoff/ispell.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4076
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4077 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4078
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4079 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4080
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4081 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4082 Do not ask Geoff to send you the latest version of Ispell. He does not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4083 have free e-mail.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4084
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4085 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4086 This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU Ispell 4.0 is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4087 no longer a supported product.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4088
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4089 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4090
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4091 @node w3-mode, EDB, Ispell, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4092 @section w3-mode --- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4093 @cindex WWW browser
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4094 @cindex Web browser
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4095 @cindex HTML browser in Emacs
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4096 @cindex @code{w3-mode}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4097
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4098 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4099
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4100 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4101 @email{wmperry@@spry.com, Bill Perry}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4102
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4103 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4104 4.0pre.39
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4105
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4106 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4107 @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/elisp/w3/w3.tar.gz}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4108
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4109 @item Mailing lists
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4110 Receive announcements from @email{w3-announce-request@@indiana.edu}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4111 Become a beta tester at @email{w3-beta-request@@indiana.edu}@*
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4112 Help to develop @code{w3-mode} at @email{w3-dev@@indiana.edu}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4113
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4114 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4115
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4116 @node EDB, Mailcrypt, w3-mode, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4117 @section EDB --- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4118 @cindex EDB
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4119 @cindex Database
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4120 @cindex Forms mode
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4121
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4122 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4123 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4124 @email{mernst@@theory.lcs.mit.edu, Michael Ernst}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4125
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4126 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4127 1.21
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4128
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4129 @item Distribution
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4130 @uref{ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4131
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4132 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4133
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4134 @node Mailcrypt, JDE, EDB, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4135 @section Mailcrypt --- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4136 @cindex PGP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4137 @cindex GPG
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4138 @cindex Interface to PGP from Emacs mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4139 @cindex News, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4140 @cindex Mail, interface to PGP from
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4141 @cindex Encryption software, interface to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4142
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4143 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4144
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4145 @item Authors
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4146 @email{patl@@lcs.mit.edu, Patrick J. LoPresti} and
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4147 @email{jin@@atype.com, Jin S. Choi}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4148
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4149 @item Maintainer
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4150 @email{warner-mailcrypt@@lothar.com, Brian Warner}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4151
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4152 @item Latest version
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4153 3.5.8
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4154
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4155 @item Distribution
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4156 @uref{http://dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mailcrypt/mailcrypt-3.5.8.tar.gz}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4157
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4158 @item Web site
50780
3c9a6397c579 Update copyright and maintenance details.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50475
diff changeset
4159 @uref{http://mailcrypt.sourceforge.net/}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4160
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4161 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4162
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4163 @node JDE, Patch, Mailcrypt, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4164 @section JDE --- Integrated development environment for Java
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4165 @cindex Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4166 @cindex Integrated Java development environment
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4167 @cindex JDE
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4168
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4169 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4170
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4171 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4172 @email{paulk@@mathworks.com, Paul Kinnucan}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4173
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4174 @item Mailing list
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4175 jde-subscribe@@sunsite.auc.dk
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4176
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4177 @item Latest version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4178 2.1.1
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4179
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4180 @item Web site
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4181 @uref{http://sunsite.auc.dk/jde/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4182
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4183 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4184
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4185 @node Patch, , JDE, Major packages and programs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4186 @section Patch --- program to apply "diffs" for updating files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4187 @cindex Updating files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4188 @cindex Patching source files with diffs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4189 @cindex Diffs and patching
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4190 @cindex @file{patch}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4191
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4192 @table @b
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4193
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4194 @item Author
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4195 @email{lwall@@wall.org, Larry Wall} (with GNU modifications)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4196
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4197 @item Latest version
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4198 2.5.4
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4199
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4200 @item Distribution
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4201 @xref{Current GNU distributions}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4202
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4203 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4204
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4205 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4206 @node Key bindings, Alternate character sets, Major packages and programs, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4207 @chapter Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4208 @cindex Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4209
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4210 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4211 * Binding keys to commands::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4212 * Invalid prefix characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4213 * Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4214 * Using function keys under X::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4215 * Working with function and arrow keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4216 * X key translations for Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4217 * Handling C-s and C-q with flow control::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4218 * Binding C-s and C-q::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4219 * Backspace invokes help::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4220 * stty and Backspace key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4221 * Swapping keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4222 * Producing C-XXX with the keyboard::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4223 * No Meta key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4224 * No Escape key::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4225 * Compose Character::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4226 * Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4227 * Meta key does not work in xterm::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4228 * ExtendChar key does not work as Meta::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4229 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4230
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4231 @node Binding keys to commands, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4232 @section How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4233 @cindex Binding keys to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4234 @cindex Keys, binding to commands
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4235 @cindex Commands, binding keys to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4236
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4237 Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4238 @file{.emacs} file. To interactively bind keys for all modes, type
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4239 @kbd{M-x global-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4240
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4241 To bind a key just in the current major mode, type @kbd{M-x
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4242 local-set-key @key{RET} @var{key} @var{cmd} @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4243
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4244 @inforef{Key Bindings, Key Bindings, emacs}, for further details.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4245
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4246 To make the process of binding keys interactively eaiser, use the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4247 following ``trick'': First bind the key interactively, then immediately
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4248 type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC} C-a C-k C-g}. Now, the command needed
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4249 to bind the key is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4250 @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is global, no changes to the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4251 command are required. For example,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4252
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4253 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4254 (global-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4255 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4256
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4257 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4258 can be placed directly into the @file{.emacs} file. If the key binding is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4259 local, the command is used in conjunction with the "add-hook" command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4260 For example, in tex-mode, a local binding might be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4261
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4262 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4263 (add-hook 'tex-mode-hook
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4264 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4265 (local-set-key (quote [f1]) (quote help-for-help))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4266 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4267
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4268
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4269 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4270
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4271 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4272 Control characters in key sequences, in the form yanked from the kill
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4273 ring are given in their graphic form---i.e., @key{CTRL} is shown as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4274 @samp{^}, @key{TAB} as a set of spaces (usually 8), etc. You may want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4275 to convert these into their vector or string forms.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4276
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4277 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4278 If a prefix key of the character sequence to be bound is already
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4279 bound as a complete key, then you must unbind it before the new
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4280 binding. For example, if @kbd{ESC @{} is previously bound:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4281
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4282 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4283 (global-unset-key [?\e ?@{]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4284 (local-unset-key [?\e ?@{])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4285 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4286
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4287 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4288 Aside from commands and ``lambda lists,'' a vector or string also
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4289 can be bound to a key and thus treated as a macro. For example:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4290
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4291 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4292 (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4293 (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4294 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4295
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4296 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4297
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4298 @node Invalid prefix characters, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Binding keys to commands, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4299 @section Why does Emacs say "Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters"?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4300 @cindex Prefix characters, invalid
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4301 @cindex Invalid prefix characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4302 @cindex Misspecified key sequences
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4303
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4304 Usually, one of two things has happened. In one case, the control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4305 character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. @samp{C-f}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4306 used instead of @samp{\C-f} within a Lisp expression). In the other
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4307 case, a @dfn{prefix key} in the keystroke sequence you were trying to bind
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4308 was already bound as a @dfn{complete key}. Historically, the @samp{ESC [}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4309 prefix was usually the problem, in which case you should evaluate either
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4310 of these forms before attempting to bind the key sequence:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4311
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4312 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4313 (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4314 (global-unset-key "\e[")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4315 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4316
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4317 @node Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Using function keys under X, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4318 @section Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my @file{.emacs} file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4319 @cindex Terminal setup code in @file{.emacs}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4320
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4321 During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4322 order. If some of the code executed in your @file{.emacs} file needs to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4323 be postponed until the initial terminal or window-system setup code has
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4324 been executed but is not, then you will experience this problem (this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4325 code/file execution order is not enforced after startup).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4326
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4327 To postpone the execution of Emacs Lisp code until after terminal or
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4328 window-system setup, treat the code as a @dfn{lambda list} and set the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4329 value of either the @code{term-setup-hook} or @code{window-setup-hook}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4330 variable to this lambda function. For example,
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4331
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4332 @lisp
28344
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4333 (add-hook 'term-setup-hook
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4334 (lambda ()
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4335 (when (string-match "\\`vt220" (or (getenv "TERM") ""))
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4336 ;; Make vt220's "Do" key behave like M-x:
54fda0e8528a Weed out redundant uses of `function'
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 28127
diff changeset
4337 (global-set-key [do] 'execute-extended-command))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4338 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4339
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4340 For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4341 @file{lisp/startup.el} file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4342
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4343 @node Using function keys under X, Working with function and arrow keys, Terminal setup code works after Emacs has begun, Key bindings
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
4344 @section How do I use function keys under X?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4345 @cindex Function keys
35188
94d46968a93f Don't say "X Windows". From Colin Walters <walters@cis.ohio-state.edu>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 35061
diff changeset
4346 @cindex X Window System and function keys
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4347 @cindex Binding function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4348
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4349 With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for details.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4350
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4351 @node Working with function and arrow keys, X key translations for Emacs, Using function keys under X, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4352 @section How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys emit?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4353 @cindex Working with arrow keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4354 @cindex Arrow keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4355 @cindex Working with function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4356 @cindex Function keys, symbols generated by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4357 @cindex Symbols generated by function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4358
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4359 Type @kbd{C-h c} then the function or arrow keys. The command will
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4360 return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4361 Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4362 keys as well.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4363
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4364 @node X key translations for Emacs, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Working with function and arrow keys, Key bindings
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4365 @section How do I set the X key ``translations'' for Emacs?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4366 @cindex X key translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4367 @cindex Key translations under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4368 @cindex Translations for keys under X
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4369
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4370 Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4371 ``translations'' to be set. (We aren't sure how to set such translations
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4372 if you do build Emacs with Xt; please let us know if you've done this!)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4373
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4374 The only way to affect the behavior of keys within Emacs is through
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4375 @code{xmodmap} (outside Emacs) or @code{define-key} (inside Emacs). The
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4376 @code{define-key} command should be used in conjunction with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4377 @code{function-key-map} map. For instance,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4378
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4379 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4380 (define-key function-key-map [M-@key{TAB}] [?\M-\t])
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4381 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4382
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4383 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4384 defines the @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} key sequence.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4385
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4386 @node Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q, X key translations for Emacs, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4387 @section How do I handle @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} being used for flow control?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4388 @cindex Flow control, @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4389 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} with flow control
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4390
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4391 @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4392 This messes things up when you're using Emacs over a serial line,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4393 because Emacs binds these keys to commands by default. Because Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4394 won't honor them as flow control characters, too many of these
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4395 characters are not passed on and overwhelm output buffers. Sometimes,
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4396 intermediate software using XON/XOFF flow control will prevent Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4397 from ever seeing @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4398
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4399 Possible solutions:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4400
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4401 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4402
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4403 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4404 Disable the use of @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} for flow control.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4405
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4406 You need to determine the cause of the flow control.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4407
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4408 @itemize @minus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4409
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4410 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4411 your terminal
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4412
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4413 Your terminal may use XON/XOFF flow control to have time to display
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4414 all the characters it receives. For example, VT series terminals do
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4415 this. It may be possible to turn this off from a setup menu. For
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4416 example, on a VT220 you may select ``No XOFF'' in the setup menu. This
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4417 is also true for some terminal emulation programs on PCs.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4418
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4419 When you turn off flow control at the terminal, you will also need to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4420 turn it off at the other end, which might be at the computer you are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4421 logged in to or at some terminal server in between.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4422
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4423 If you turn off flow control, characters may be lost; using a printer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4424 connected to the terminal may fail. You may be able to get around
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4425 this problem by modifying the @samp{termcap} entry for your terminal to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4426 include extra NUL padding characters.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4427
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4428 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4429 a modem
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4430
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4431 If you are using a dialup connection, the modems may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4432 XON/XOFF flow control. It's not clear how to get around this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4433
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4434 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4435 a router or terminal server
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4436
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4437 Some network box between the terminal and your computer may be using
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4438 XON/XOFF flow control. It may be possible to make it use some other
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4439 kind of flow control. You will probably have to ask your local
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4440 network experts for help with this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4441
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4442 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4443 @code{tty} and/or @code{pty} devices
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4444
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4445 If your connection to Emacs goes through multiple @code{tty} and/or
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4446 @code{pty} devices, they may be using XON/XOFF flow control even when it
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4447 is not necessary.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4448
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4449 @email{eirik@@theory.tn.cornell.edu, Eirik Fuller} writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4450
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4451 @quotation
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4452 Some versions of @code{rlogin} (and possibly @code{telnet}) do not pass
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4453 flow control characters to the remote system to which they connect. On
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4454 such systems, Emacs on the remote system cannot disable flow control on
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4455 the local system. Sometimes @samp{rlogin -8} will avoid this problem.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4456
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4457 One way to cure this is to disable flow control on the local host (the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4458 one running @code{rlogin}, not the one running @code{rlogind}) using the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4459 @code{stty} command, before starting the @code{rlogin} process. On many
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4460 systems, @samp{stty start u stop u} will do this.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4461
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4462 Some versions of @samp{tcsh} will prevent even this from working. One
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4463 way around this is to start another shell before starting rlogin,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4464 and issue the @samp{stty} command to disable flow control from that shell.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4465 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4466
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4467 Use @samp{stty -ixon} instead of @samp{stty start u stop u} on some systems.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4468
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4469 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4470
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4471 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4472 Make Emacs speak the XON/XOFF flow control protocol.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4473
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4474 You can make Emacs treat @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} as flow control characters by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4475 evaluating the form
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4476
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4477 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4478 (enable-flow-control)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4479 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4480
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4481 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4482 to unconditionally enable flow control or
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4483
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4484 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4485 (enable-flow-control-on "vt100" "h19")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4486 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4487
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4488 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4489 (using your terminal names instead of @samp{vt100} or @samp{h19}) to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4490 enable selectively. These commands will automatically swap @kbd{C-s}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4491 and @kbd{C-q} to @kbd{C-\} and @kbd{C-^}. Variables can be used to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4492 change the default swap keys (@code{flow-control-c-s-replacement} and
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4493 @code{flow-control-c-q-replacement}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4494
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4495 If you are fixing this for yourself, simply put the form in your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4496 @file{.emacs} file. If you are fixing this for your entire site, the
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4497 best place to put it is in the @file{site-lisp/site-start.el} file.
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4498 (Here @file{site-lisp} is actually a subdirectory of your Emacs
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4499 installation directory, typically @file{/usr/local/share/emacs}.)
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4500 Putting this form in @file{site-lisp/default.el} has the problem that
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4501 if the user's @file{.emacs} file has an error, this will prevent
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4502 @file{default.el} from being loaded and Emacs may be unusable for the
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4503 user, even for correcting their @file{.emacs} file (unless they're
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4504 smart enough to move it to another name).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4505
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4506 @code{enable-flow-control} can be invoked interactively as well:
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4507 @kbd{M-x enable-flow-control @key{RET}}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4508
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4509 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4510
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4511 For further discussion of this issue, read the file @file{etc/PROBLEMS}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4512 (in the Emacs source directory when you unpack the Emacs distribution).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4513
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4514 @node Binding C-s and C-q, Backspace invokes help, Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4515 @section How do I bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q} (or any key) if these keys are filtered out?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4516 @cindex Binding @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4517 @cindex @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, binding
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4518
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4519 To bind @kbd{C-s} and @kbd{C-q}, use either @code{enable-flow-control}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4520 or @code{enable-flow-control-on}. @xref{Handling C-s and C-q with flow
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4521 control}, for usage and implementation details.
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4522
37597
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4523 To bind other keys, use @code{keyboard-translate}. @xref{Swapping
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4524 keys}, for usage details. To do this for an entire site, you should
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4525 swap the keys in @file{site-lisp/site-start.el}. @xref{Handling C-s
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4526 and C-q with flow control}, for an explanation of why
95a1e7b6d4cf (Handling C-s and C-q with flow control, Binding C-s and C-q): Update the
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37530
diff changeset
4527 @file{site-lisp/default.el} should not be used.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4528
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4529 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4530
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4531 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4532 If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4533 the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4534 actually behaves.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4535
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4536 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4537
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4538 @node Backspace invokes help, stty and Backspace key, Binding C-s and C-q, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4539 @section Why does the @key{Backspace} key invoke help?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4540 @cindex Backspace key invokes help
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4541 @cindex Help invoked by Backspace
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4542 @cindex DEL key does not delete
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4543
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4544 The @key{Backspace} key (on most keyboards) generates @acronym{ASCII} code 8.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4545 @kbd{C-h} sends the same code. In Emacs by default @kbd{C-h} invokes
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4546 help-command. This is intended to be easy to remember since the first
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4547 letter of @samp{help} is @samp{h}. The easiest solution to this problem
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4548 is to use @kbd{C-h} (and @key{Backspace}) for help and @key{DEL} (the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4549 @key{Delete} key) for deleting the previous character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4550
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4551 For many people this solution may be problematic:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4552
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4553 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4554
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4555 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4556 They normally use @key{Backspace} outside of Emacs for deleting the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4557 previous character. This can be solved by making @key{DEL} the command
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4558 for deleting the previous character outside of Emacs. On many Unix
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4559 systems, this command will remap @key{DEL}:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4560
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4561 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4562 stty erase `^?'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4563 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4564
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4565 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4566 The user may prefer the @key{Backspace} key for deleting the
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4567 previous character because it is more conveniently located on their
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4568 keyboard or because they don't even have a separate @key{Delete} key.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4569 In this case, the @key{Backspace} key should be made to behave like
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4570 @key{Delete}. There are several methods.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4571
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4572 @itemize @minus
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4573 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4574 Some terminals (e.g., VT3## terminals) and terminal emulators (e.g.,
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4575 TeraTerm) allow the character generated by the @key{Backspace} key to be
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4576 changed from a setup menu.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4577
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4578 @item
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4579 You may be able to get a keyboard that is completely programmable, or a
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4580 terminal emulator that supports remapping of any key to any other key.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4581
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4582 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4583 With Emacs 21.1 and later, you can control the effect of the
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4584 @key{Backspace} and @key{Delete} keys, on both dumb terminals and a
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4585 windowed displays, by customizing the option
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4586 @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode}, or by invoking @kbd{M-x
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4587 normal-erase-is-backspace}. See the documentation of these symbols
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4588 (@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) for more info.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4589
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4590 @item
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4591 It is possible to swap the @key{Backspace} and @key{DEL} keys inside
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4592 Emacs:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4593
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4594 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4595 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4596 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4597
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4598 @noindent
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4599 This is the recommended method of forcing @key{Backspace} to act as
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4600 @key{DEL}, because it works even in modes which bind @key{DEL} to
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4601 something other than @code{delete-backward-char}.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4602
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4603 Similarly, you could remap @key{DEL} to act as @kbd{C-d}, which by
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4604 default deletes forward:
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4605
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4606 @lisp
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4607 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-d)
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4608 @end lisp
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4609
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4610 @xref{Swapping keys}, for further details about @code{keyboard-translate}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4611
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4612 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4613 Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on @kbd{C-x h}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4614 instead:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4615
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4616 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4617 (global-set-key "\C-h" 'delete-backward-char)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4618
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4619 ;;; overrides mark-whole-buffer
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4620 (global-set-key "\C-xh" 'help-command)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4621 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4622
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4623 @noindent
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4624 This method is not recommended, though: it only solves the problem for
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4625 those modes which bind @key{DEL} to @code{delete-backward-char}. Modes
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4626 which bind @key{DEL} to something else, such as @code{view-mode}, will
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4627 not work as you expect when you press the @key{Backspace} key. For this
42674
19880a4faa73 Fix typo.
Pavel Janík <Pavel@Janik.cz>
parents: 40705
diff changeset
4628 reason, we recommend the @code{keyboard-translate} method, shown
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4629 above.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4630
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4631 Other popular key bindings for help are @kbd{M-?} and @kbd{C-x ?}.
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4632 @end itemize
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4633
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4634 Don't try to bind @key{DEL} to @code{help-command}, because there are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4635 many modes that have local bindings of @key{DEL} that will interfere.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4636
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4637 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4638
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4639 When Emacs 21 or later runs on a windowed display, it binds the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4640 @key{Delete} key to a command which deletes the character at point, to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4641 make Emacs more consistent with keyboard operation on these systems.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4642
39502
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4643 For more information about troubleshooting this problem, see @ref{DEL
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4644 Does Not Delete, , If @key{DEL} Fails to Delete, emacs, The GNU Emacs
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4645 Manual}.
c41e104c3131 (Backspace invokes help): Clarify that keyboard-translate is better
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39304
diff changeset
4646
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4647 @node stty and Backspace key, Swapping keys, Backspace invokes help, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4648 @section Why doesn't Emacs look at the @file{stty} settings for @key{Backspace} vs. @key{Delete}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4649 @cindex @file{stty} and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4650 @cindex Backspace and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4651 @cindex Delete and @file{stty}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4652
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4653 Good question!
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4654
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4655 @c FIXME: RMS explained the reasons for this on emacs-hackers. It's
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4656 @c probably worth putting that explanation here.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4657
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4658 @node Swapping keys, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, stty and Backspace key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4659 @section How do I swap two keys?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4660 @cindex Swapping keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4661 @cindex Keys, swapping
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4662 @cindex @code{keyboard-translate}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4663
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4664 In Emacs 19, you can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4665 @code{keyboard-translate} function. For example, to turn @kbd{C-h} into
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4666 @key{DEL} and @key{DEL} to @kbd{C-h}, use
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4667
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4668 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4669 (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4670 (keyboard-translate ?\C-? ?\C-h) ; translate DEL to `C-h'.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4671 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4672
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4673 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4674 The first key sequence of the pair after the function identifies what is
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4675 produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4676 keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4677
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4678 Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4679 Emacs contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4680 there is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4681 character that Emacs reads from the terminal. Keyboard translations
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4682 take place at the lowest level of input processing; the keys that are
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4683 looked up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4684 translation.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4685
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4686 @inforef{Keyboard Translations, Keyboard Translations, emacs}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4687
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4688 @node Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, No Meta key, Swapping keys, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4689 @section How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4690 @cindex Producing control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4691 @cindex Generating control characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4692 @cindex Control characters, generating
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4693
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4694 On terminals (but not under X), some common "aliases" are:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4695
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4696 @table @asis
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4697
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4698 @item @kbd{C-2} or @kbd{C-@key{SPC}}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4699 @kbd{C-@@}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4700
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4701 @item @kbd{C-6}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4702 @kbd{C-^}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4703
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4704 @item @kbd{C-7} or @kbd{C-S--}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4705 @kbd{C-_}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4706
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4707 @item @kbd{C-4}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4708 @kbd{C-\}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4709
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4710 @item @kbd{C-5}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4711 @kbd{C-]}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4712
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4713 @item @kbd{C-/}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4714 @kbd{C-?}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4715
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4716 @end table
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4717
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4718 Often other aliases exist; use the @kbd{C-h c} command and try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4719 @key{CTRL} with all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4720 generated. You can also try the @kbd{C-h w} command if you know the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4721 name of the command.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4722
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4723 @node No Meta key, No Escape key, Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4724 @section What if I don't have a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4725 @cindex No @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4726 @cindex @key{Meta} key, what to do if you lack it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4727
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4728 On many keyboards, the @key{Alt} key acts as @key{Meta}, so try it.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4729
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4730 Instead of typing @kbd{M-a}, you can type @kbd{@key{ESC} a}. In fact,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4731 Emacs converts @kbd{M-a} internally into @kbd{@key{ESC} a} anyway
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4732 (depending on the value of @code{meta-prefix-char}). Note that you
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4733 press @key{Meta} and @key{a} together, but with @key{ESC}, you press
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4734 @key{ESC}, release it, and then press @key{a}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4735
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4736 @node No Escape key, Compose Character, No Meta key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4737 @section What if I don't have an @key{Escape} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4738 @cindex No Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4739 @cindex Lacking an Escape key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4740 @cindex Escape key, lacking
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4741
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4742 Type @kbd{C-[} instead. This should send @acronym{ASCII} code 27 just like an
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4743 Escape key would. @kbd{C-3} may also work on some terminal (but not
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4744 under X). For many terminals (notably DEC terminals) @key{F11}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4745 generates @key{ESC}. If not, the following form can be used to bind it:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4746
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4747 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4748 ;;; F11 is the documented ESC replacement on DEC terminals.
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4749 (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e])
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4750 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4751
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4752 @node Compose Character, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, No Escape key, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4753 @section Can I make my @key{Compose Character} key behave like a @key{Meta} key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4754 @cindex @key{Compose Character} key, using as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4755 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{Compose Character} for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4756
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4757 On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4758 VT220 clones could have their @key{Compose} key configured this way. If
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4759 you're using X, you might be able to do this with the @code{xmodmap}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4760 command.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4761
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4762 @node Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Meta key does not work in xterm, Compose Character, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4763 @section How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4764 @cindex Modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4765 @cindex Function keys and modifiers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4766 @cindex Binding modifiers and function keys
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4767
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4768 With Emacs 19 and later, you can represent modified function keys in
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4769 vector format by adding prefixes to the function key symbol. For
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4770 example (from the on-line documentation):
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4771
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4772 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4773 (global-set-key [?\C-x right] 'forward-page)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4774 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4775
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4776 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4777 where @samp{?\C-x} is the Lisp character constant for the character @kbd{C-x}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4778
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4779 You can use the modifier keys @key{Control}, @key{Meta}, @key{Hyper},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4780 @key{Super}, @key{Alt}, and @key{Shift} with function keys. To
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4781 represent these modifiers, prepend the strings @samp{C-}, @samp{M-},
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4782 @samp{H-}, @samp{s-}, @samp{A-}, and @samp{S-} to the symbol name. Here
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4783 is how to make @kbd{H-M-RIGHT} move forward a word:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4784
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4785 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4786 (global-set-key [H-M-right] 'forward-word)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4787 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4788
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4789 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4790
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4791 @item
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4792 Not all modifiers are permitted in all situations. @key{Hyper},
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4793 @key{Super}, and @key{Alt} are not available on Unix character
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4794 terminals. Non-@acronym{ASCII} keys and mouse events (e.g. @kbd{C-=} and
36515
9df3f07f2643 Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36383
diff changeset
4795 @kbd{Mouse-1}) also fall under this category.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4796
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4797 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4798
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
4799 @xref{Binding keys to commands}, for general key binding instructions.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4800
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4801 @node Meta key does not work in xterm, ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys, Key bindings
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4802 @section Why doesn't my @key{Meta} key work in an @code{xterm} window?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4803 @cindex @key{Meta} key and @code{xterm}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4804 @cindex Xterm and @key{Meta} key
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4805
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4806 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-Byte Character Set
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4807 Support, emacs}.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4808
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4809 If the advice in the Emacs manual fails, try all of these methods before
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4810 asking for further help:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4811
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4812 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4813
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4814 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4815 You may have big problems using @code{mwm} as your window manager.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4816 (Does anyone know a good generic solution to allow the use of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4817 @key{Meta} key in Emacs with @file{mwm}?)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4818
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4819 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4820 For X11: Make sure it really is a @key{Meta} key. Use @code{xev} to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4821 find out what keysym your @key{Meta} key generates. It should be either
37530
d4b1acaf82b0 Markup and proofreading fixes from YAGI Tatsuya <yagi@is.titech.ac.jp>.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 37447
diff changeset
4822 @code{Meta_L} or @code{Meta_R}. If it isn't, use @file{xmodmap} to fix
39551
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4823 the situation. If @key{Meta} does generate @code{Meta_L} or
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4824 @code{Meta_R}, but @kbd{M-x} produces a non-@acronym{ASCII} character, put this in
39551
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4825 your @file{~/.Xdefaults} file:
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4826
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4827 @example
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4828 XTerm*eightBitInput: false
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4829 XTerm*eightBitOutput: true
4e108e81543a (Meta key does not work in xterm): Add .Xdefaults fragment for xterm
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 39502
diff changeset
4830 @end example
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4831
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4832 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4833 Make sure the @code{pty} the @code{xterm} is using is passing 8 bit
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4834 characters. @samp{stty -a} (or @samp{stty everything}) should show
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4835 @samp{cs8} somewhere. If it shows @samp{cs7} instead, use @samp{stty
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4836 cs8 -istrip} (or @samp{stty pass8}) to fix it.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4837
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4838 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4839 If there is an @code{rlogin} connection between @code{xterm} and Emacs, the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4840 @samp{-8} argument may need to be given to rlogin to make it pass all 8 bits
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4841 of every character.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4842
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4843 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4844 If Emacs is running on Ultrix, it is reported that evaluating
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4845 @code{(set-input-mode t nil)} helps.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4846
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4847 @item
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4848 If all else fails, you can make @code{xterm} generate @kbd{@key{ESC} W} when
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4849 you type @kbd{M-W}, which is the same conversion Emacs would make if it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4850 got the @kbd{M-W} anyway. In X11R4, the following resource
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4851 specification will do this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4852
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4853 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4854 XTerm.VT100.EightBitInput: false
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4855 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4856
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4857 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4858 (This changes the behavior of the @code{insert-eight-bit} action.)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4859
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4860 With older @code{xterm}s, you can specify this behavior with a translation:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4861
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4862 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4863 XTerm.VT100.Translations: #override \
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4864 Meta<KeyPress>: string(0x1b) insert()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4865 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4866
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4867 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4868 You might have to replace @samp{Meta} with @samp{Alt}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4869
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4870 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4871
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4872 @node ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, , Meta key does not work in xterm, Key bindings
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4873 @section Why doesn't my @key{ExtendChar} key work as a @key{Meta} key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4874 @cindex @key{ExtendChar} key as @key{Meta}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4875 @cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{ExtendChar} for
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4876 @cindex HP-UX, the @key{ExtendChar} key
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4877
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4878 This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4879 fact that HP is now using this extension. Emacs assumes that the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4880 @code{XLookupString} function returns the same result regardless of the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4881 @key{Meta} key state which is no longer necessarily true. Until Emacs
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4882 is fixed, the temporary kludge is to run this command after each time
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4883 the X server is started but preferably before any xterm clients are:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4884
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4885 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4886 xmodmap -e 'remove mod1 = Mode_switch'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4887 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4888
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4889 @c FIXME: Emacs 21 supports I18N in X11; does that mean that this bug is
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4890 @c solved?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4891
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4892 This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which may be
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4893 undesirable if you actually intend to use them.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4894
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4895 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4896 @node Alternate character sets, Mail and news, Key bindings, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4897 @chapter Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4898 @cindex Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4899
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4900 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4901 * Emacs does not display 8-bit characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4902 * Inputting eight-bit characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4903 * Kanji and Chinese characters::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4904 * Right-to-left alphabets::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4905 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4906
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4907 @node Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4908 @section How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4909 @cindex Displaying eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4910 @cindex Eight-bit characters, displaying
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4911
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4912 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-byte Character Set
36842
654b53bab583 Change "character terminal" to "text-only terminal".
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 36515
diff changeset
4913 Support, emacs}. On a Unix, when Emacs runs on a text-only terminal
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4914 display or is invoked with @samp{emacs -nw}, you typically need to use
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4915 @code{set-terminal-coding-system} to tell Emacs what the terminal can
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4916 display, even after setting the language environment; otherwise
52979
3649390c0f91 Replace @sc{ascii} and ASCII with @acronym{ASCII}.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 52401
diff changeset
4917 non-@acronym{ASCII} characters will display as @samp{?}. On other operating
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4918 systems, such as MS-DOS and MS-Windows, Emacs queries the OS about the
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4919 character set supported by the display, and sets up the required
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4920 terminal coding system automatically.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4921
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4922 @node Inputting eight-bit characters, Kanji and Chinese characters, Emacs does not display 8-bit characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4923 @section How do I input eight-bit characters?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4924 @cindex Entering eight-bit characters
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4925 @cindex Eight-bit characters, entering
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4926 @cindex Input, 8-bit characters
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4927
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
4928 Various methods are available for input of eight-bit characters. See
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4929 @inforef{Single-Byte Character Support, Single-byte Character Set
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4930 Support, emacs}. For more sophisticated methods, @inforef{Input
28127
ce57565effde Fix copyright lines.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 27352
diff changeset
4931 Methods, Input Methods, emacs}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4932
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4933 @node Kanji and Chinese characters, Right-to-left alphabets, Inputting eight-bit characters, Alternate character sets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4934 @section Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other Far-Eastern character sets?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4935 @cindex Kanji, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4936 @cindex Chinese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4937 @cindex Japanese, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4938 @cindex Korean, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4939
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4940 Emacs 20 and later includes many of the features of MULE, the MULtilingual
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4941 Enhancement to Emacs. @xref{Installing Emacs}, for information on where
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4942 to find and download the latest version of Emacs.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4943
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4944 @node Right-to-left alphabets, , Kanji and Chinese characters, Alternate character sets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4945 @section Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4946 @cindex Right-to-left alphabets
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4947 @cindex Hebrew, handling with Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4948 @cindex Semitic alphabets
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4949 @cindex Arabic alphabets
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4950
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4951 Emacs 20 and later supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4952 yet support right-to-left character entry and display.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4953
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4954 @email{joel@@exc.com, Joel M. Hoffman} has written a Lisp package called
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4955 @file{hebrew.el} that allows right-to-left editing of Hebrew. It
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4956 reportedly works out of the box with Emacs 19, but requires patches for
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4957 Emacs 18. Write to Joel if you want the patches or package.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4958
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4959 @c FIXME: Should we mention Ehud Karni's package?
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4960
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4961 @file{hebrew.el} requires a Hebrew screen font, but no other hardware support.
36515
9df3f07f2643 Fix case convention for mouse click.
Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
parents: 36383
diff changeset
4962 Joel has a screen font for PCs running MS-DOS or GNU/Linux.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4963
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
4964 You might also try to query archie for files named with @file{hebrew};
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4965 several ftp sites in Israel may also have the necessary files.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4966
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4967 @c ------------------------------------------------------------
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4968 @node Mail and news, Concept index, Alternate character sets, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4969 @chapter Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4970 @cindex Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4971
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4972 @menu
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4973 * Changing the included text prefix::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4974 * Saving a copy of outgoing mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4975 * Expanding aliases when sending mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4976 * Rmail thinks all messages are one big one::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4977 * Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4978 * Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4979 * Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4980 * Replying to the sender of a message::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4981 * MIME with Emacs mail packages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4982 * Automatically starting a mail or news reader::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4983 * Reading news with Emacs::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4984 * Gnus does not work with NNTP::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4985 * Viewing articles with embedded underlining::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4986 * Saving a multi-part Gnus posting::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4987 * Starting Gnus faster::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4988 * Catching up in all newsgroups::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4989 * Killing based on nonstandard headers::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4990 * Removing flashing messages::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4991 * Catch-up is slow in Gnus::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4992 * Gnus hangs for a long time::
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
4993 * Learning more about Gnus::
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4994 @end menu
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4995
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4996 @node Changing the included text prefix, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4997 @section How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4998 @cindex Prefix in mail/news followups, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
4999 @cindex Included text prefix, changing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5000 @cindex Setting the included text character
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5001 @cindex Quoting in mail messages
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5002
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5003 If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5004 @code{mail-yank-prefix}. For VM, set @code{vm-included-text-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5005 For mh-e, set @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5006
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5007 For fancier control of citations, use Supercite. @xref{Supercite}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5008
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5009 To prevent Emacs from including various headers of the replied-to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5010 message, set the value of @code{mail-yank-ignored-headers} to an
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5011 appropriate regexp.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5012
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5013 @node Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Changing the included text prefix, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5014 @section How do I save a copy of outgoing mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5015 @cindex Saving a copy of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5016 @cindex Copying outgoing mail to a file
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5017 @cindex Filing outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5018 @cindex Automatic filing of outgoing mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5019 @cindex Mail, saving outgoing automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5020
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5021 You can either mail yourself a copy by including a @samp{BCC} header in the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5022 mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5023 including an @samp{FCC} header.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5024
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5025 If you use standard mail, you can automatically create a @samp{BCC} to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5026 yourself by putting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5027
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5028 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5029 (setq mail-self-blind t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5030 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5031
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5032 @noindent
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5033 in your @file{.emacs} file. You can automatically include an @samp{FCC}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5034 field by putting something like the following in your @file{.emacs}
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5035 file:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5036
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5037 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5038 (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing"))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5039 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5040
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5041 The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5042 by VM, but not always by Rmail. @xref{Learning how to do something}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5043
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5044 If you use @code{mh-e}, add an @samp{FCC} or @samp{BCC} field to your
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5045 components file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5046
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5047 It does not work to put @samp{set record filename} in the @file{.mailrc}
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5048 file.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5049
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5050 @node Expanding aliases when sending mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Saving a copy of outgoing mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5051 @section Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5052 @cindex Expanding aliases when sending mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5053 @cindex Mail alias expansion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5054 @cindex Sending mail with aliases
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5055
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5056 @itemize @bullet
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5057
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5058 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5059 You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5060 with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5061 like this one:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5062
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5063 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5064 To: Willy Smith <wks@@xpnsv.lwyrs.com>
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5065 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5066
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5067 However, you do not need to---and probably should not, unless your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5068 system's version of @file{/usr/ucb/mail} (a.k.a.@: @code{mailx})
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5069 supports RFC822---separate addresses with commas in your
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5070 @file{~/.mailrc} file.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5071
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5072 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5073 Emacs normally only reads the @file{.mailrc} file once per session,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5074 when you start to compose your first mail message. If you edit
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5075 @file{.mailrc}, you can type @kbd{M-x rebuild-mail-abbrevs @key{RET}} to
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5076 make Emacs reread @file{~/.mailrc}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5077
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5078 @item
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5079 If you like, you can expand mail aliases as abbrevs, as soon as you
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5080 type them in. To enable this feature, execute the following:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5081
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5082 @lisp
34922
962646fc3a58 *** empty log message ***
Gerd Moellmann <gerd@gnu.org>
parents: 34741
diff changeset
5083 (add-hook 'mail-mode-hook 'mail-abbrevs-setup)
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5084 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5085
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5086 Note that the aliases are expanded automatically only after you type
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5087 @key{RET} or a punctuation character (e.g. @kbd{,}). You can force their
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5088 expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing @kbd{C-x a e}
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5089 (@kbd{M-x expand-abbrev}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5090 @end itemize
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5091
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5092 @node Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Expanding aliases when sending mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5093 @section Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5094 @cindex Rmail thinks all messages are one large message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5095
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5096 A file created through the @samp{FCC} field in a message is in Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5097 format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5098 to convert a Unix mail file into BABYL format on input, but sometimes it
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5099 makes errors. For guaranteed safety, you can make the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5100 @file{saved-messages} file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5101 function @code{set-rmail-inbox-list}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5102
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5103 @node Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Rmail thinks all messages are one big one, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5104 @section How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5105 @cindex Rmail, sorting messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5106 @cindex Folder, sorting messages in an Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5107 @cindex Sorting messages in an Rmail folder
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5108
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5109 In Rmail, type @kbd{C-c C-s C-h} to get a list of sorting functions
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5110 and their key bindings.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5111
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5112 @node Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Sorting the messages in an Rmail folder, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5113 @section Why does Rmail need to write to @file{/usr/spool/mail}?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5114 @cindex Rmail and @file{/usr/spool/mail}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5115 @cindex @file{/usr/spool/mail} and Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5116
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5117 This is the behavior of the @code{movemail} program which Rmail uses.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5118 This indicates that @code{movemail} is configured to use lock files.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5119
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5120 RMS writes:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5121
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5122 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5123 Certain systems require lock files to interlock access to mail files.
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5124 On these systems, @code{movemail} must write lock files, or you risk losing
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5125 mail. You simply must arrange to let @code{movemail} write them.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5126
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5127 Other systems use the @code{flock} system call to interlock access. On
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5128 these systems, you should configure @code{movemail} to use @code{flock}.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5129 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5130
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5131 @node Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Replying to the sender of a message, Rmail writes to /usr/spool/mail, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5132 @section How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5133 @cindex Recovering munged mail files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5134 @cindex Rmail munged my files
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5135 @cindex Mail files, recovering those munged by Rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5136
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5137 If you have just done @kbd{M-x rmail-input} on a file and you don't want
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5138 to save it in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5139 @kbd{C-x k}).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5140
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5141 @cindex Exporting messages as Unix mail files
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5142 If you typed @kbd{M-x rmail} and it read some messages out of your inbox
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5143 and you want to put them in a Unix mail file, use @kbd{C-o} on each
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5144 message.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5145
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5146 @cindex Converting from BABYL to Unix mail format
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5147 @cindex @code{unrmail} command
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5148 If you want to convert an existing file from BABYL format to Unix mail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5149 format, use the command @kbd{M-x unrmail}: it will prompt you for the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5150 input and output file names.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5151
39304
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5152 @pindex b2m
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5153 Alternatively, you could use the @code{b2m} program supplied with
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5154 Emacs. @code{b2m} is a filter, and is used like this:
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5155
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5156 @example
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5157 b2m < @var{babyl-file} > @var{mbox-file}
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5158 @end example
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5159
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5160 @noindent
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5161 where @var{babyl-file} is the name of the BABYL file, and
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5162 @var{mbox-file} is the name of the file where the converted mail will
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5163 be written.
7be776e0f517 (Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them): Document b2m.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 38770
diff changeset
5164
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5165 @node Replying to the sender of a message, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Recovering mail files when Rmail munges them, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5166 @section How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the other recipients?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5167 @cindex Replying only to the sender of a message
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5168 @cindex Sender, replying only to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5169 @cindex Rmail, replying to the sender of a message in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5170
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5171 @email{isaacson@@seas.upenn.edu, Ron Isaacson} says: When you hit
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5172 @key{r} to reply in Rmail, by default it CCs all of the original
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5173 recipients (everyone on the original @samp{To} and @samp{CC}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5174 lists). With a prefix argument (i.e., typing @kbd{C-u} before @key{r}),
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5175 it replies only to the sender. However, going through the whole
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5176 @kbd{C-u} business every time you want to reply is a pain. This is the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5177 best fix I've been able to come up with:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5178
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5179 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5180 (defun rmail-reply-t ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5181 "Reply only to the sender of the current message. (See rmail-reply.)"
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5182 (interactive)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5183 (rmail-reply t))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5184
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5185 (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook
34151
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5186 (lambda ()
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5187 (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t)
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5188 (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply)))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5189 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5190
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5191 @node MIME with Emacs mail packages, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Replying to the sender of a message, Mail and news
49429
bb4e71346ae7 Minor @code usage fix.
Thien-Thi Nguyen <ttn@gnuvola.org>
parents: 48785
diff changeset
5192 @section How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME?
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5193 @cindex MIME and Emacs mail packages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5194 @cindex Mail packages and MIME
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5195 @cindex FAQ for MIME and Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5196
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5197 Read the Emacs MIME FAQ, maintained by @email{trey@@cs.berkeley.edu,
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5198 MacDonald Hall Jackson} at
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5199
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5200 @uref{http://bmrc.berkeley.edu/~trey/emacs/mime.html}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5201
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5202 Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. @xref{VM}. Gnus supports MIME in mail
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5203 and news messages as of version 5.8.1 (Pterodactyl). Rmail has limited
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5204 support for single-part MIME messages beginning with Emacs 20.3.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5205
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5206 @node Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Reading news with Emacs, MIME with Emacs mail packages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5207 @section How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5208 @cindex Mail reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5209 @cindex News reader, starting automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5210 @cindex Starting mail/news reader automatically
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5211
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5212 To start Emacs in Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5213
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5214 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5215 emacs -f gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5216 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5217
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5218 @noindent
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5219 in Rmail:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5220
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5221 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5222 emacs -f rmail
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5223 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5224
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5225 A more convenient way to start with Gnus:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5226
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5227 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5228 alias gnus 'emacs -f gnus'
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5229 gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5230 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5231
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5232 It is probably unwise to automatically start your mail or news reader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5233 from your @file{.emacs} file. This would cause problems if you needed to run
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5234 two copies of Emacs at the same time. Also, this would make it difficult for
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5235 you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5236
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5237 @node Reading news with Emacs, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Automatically starting a mail or news reader, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5238 @section How do I read news under Emacs?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5239 @cindex Reading news under Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5240 @cindex Usenet reader in Emacs
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5241 @cindex Gnus newsreader
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5242
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5243 Use @kbd{M-x gnus}. It is documented in Info (@pxref{Learning how to do
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5244 something}).
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5245
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5246 @node Gnus does not work with NNTP, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Reading news with Emacs, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5247 @section Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5248 @cindex Gnus and NNTP
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5249 @cindex NNTP, Gnus fails to work with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5250
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5251 There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5252 are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5253 before blocking waiting for more input which never comes. NNTP version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5254 1.5.11 claims to fix this.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5255
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5256 You can work around the bug inside Emacs like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5257
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5258 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5259 (setq nntp-maximum-request 1)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5260 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5261
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5262 You can find out what version of NNTP your news server is running by
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5263 telnetting to the NNTP port (usually 119) on the news server machine
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5264 (i.e., @kbd{telnet server-machine 119}). The server should give its
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5265 version number in the welcome message. Type @kbd{quit} to get out.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5266
25476
b776520fb36d General changes sent to Lerner, plus some XEmacs expurgation.
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents: 25474
diff changeset
5267 @xref{Spontaneous entry into isearch-mode}, for some additional ideas.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5268
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5269 @node Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Gnus does not work with NNTP, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5270 @section How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5271 @cindex Underlining, embedded in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5272 @cindex News articles with embedded underlining
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5273 @cindex Embedded underlining in news articles
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5274
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5275 Underlining appears like this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5276
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5277 @example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5278 _^Hu_^Hn_^Hd_^He_^Hr_^Hl_^Hi_^Hn_^Hi_^Hn_^Hg
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5279 @end example
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5280
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5281 @email{abraham@@dina.kvl.dk, Per Abrahamsen} suggests using the following
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5282 code, which uses the underline face to turn such text into true
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5283 underlining, inconjunction with Gnus:
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5284
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5285 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5286 (defun gnus-article-prepare-overstrike ()
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5287 ;; Prepare article for overstrike commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5288 (save-excursion
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5289 (set-buffer gnus-article-buffer)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5290 (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5291 (goto-char (point-min))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5292 (while (search-forward "\b" nil t)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5293 (let ((next (following-char))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5294 (previous (char-after (- (point) 2))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5295 (cond ((eq next previous)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5296 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5297 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5298 'face 'bold))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5299 ((eq next ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5300 (delete-region (1- (point)) (1+ (point)))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5301 (put-text-property (1- (point)) (point)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5302 'face 'underline))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5303 ((eq previous ?_)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5304 (delete-region (- (point) 2) (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5305 (put-text-property (point) (1+ (point))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5306 'face 'underline))))))))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5307
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5308 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-overstrike)
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5309 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5310
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5311 Latest versions of Gnus do such a conversion automatically.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5312
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5313 If you prefer to do away with underlining altogether, you can
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5314 destructively remove it with @kbd{M-x ununderline-region}; do this
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5315 automatically via
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5316
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5317 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5318 (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook
34151
33df9c2e70bf Don't quote lambdas.
Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
parents: 30692
diff changeset
5319 (lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max))))
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5320 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5321
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5322 @node Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Starting Gnus faster, Viewing articles with embedded underlining, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5323 @section How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5324 @cindex Multi-part postings in Gnus, saving
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5325 @cindex Saving multi-part postings in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5326 @cindex Gnus, saving multi-part postings in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5327
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5328 Use @code{gnus-uu}. Type @kbd{C-c C-v C-h} in the Gnus summary buffer
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5329 to see a list of available commands.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5330
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5331 @node Starting Gnus faster, Catching up in all newsgroups, Saving a multi-part Gnus posting, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5332 @section How do I make Gnus start up faster?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5333 @cindex Faster, starting Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5334 @cindex Starting Gnus faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5335 @cindex Gnus, starting faster
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5336
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5337 From the Gnus FAQ (@pxref{Learning more about Gnus}):
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5338
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5339 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5340 @email{pktiwari@@eos.ncsu.edu, Pranav Kumar Tiwari} writes: I posted
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5341 the same query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5342 repeat the answer. What you need is a newer version of gnus, version
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5343 5.0.4+. I am using 5.0.12 and it works fine with me with the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5344 following settings:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5345
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5346 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5347 (setq gnus-check-new-newsgroups nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5348 gnus-read-active-file 'some
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5349 gnus-nov-is-evil nil
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5350 gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server))
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5351 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5352 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5353
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5354 @node Catching up in all newsgroups, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Starting Gnus faster, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5355 @section How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5356 @cindex Catching up all newsgroups in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5357 @cindex Gnus, Catching up all newsgroups in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5358
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5359 In the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer, type @kbd{M-< C-x ( c y C-x ) M-0 C-x e}
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5360
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5361 Leave off the initial @kbd{M-<} if you only want to catch up from point
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5362 to the end of the @file{*Newsgroup*} buffer.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5363
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5364 @node Killing based on nonstandard headers, Removing flashing messages, Catching up in all newsgroups, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5365 @section Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control headers?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5366 @cindex Killing articles based on nonstandard headers
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5367 @cindex Newsgroups header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5368 @cindex Keywords header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5369 @cindex Control header, killing articles based on
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5370
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5371 Gnus will complain that the @samp{Newsgroups}, @samp{Keywords}, and
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5372 @samp{Control} headers are ``Unknown header'' fields.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5373
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5374 For the @samp{Newsgroups} header, there is an easy workaround: kill on the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5375 @samp{Xref} header instead, which will be present on any cross-posted article
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5376 (as long as your site carries the cross-post group).
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5377
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5378 If you really want to kill on one of these headers, you can do it like
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5379 this:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5380
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5381 @lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5382 (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)")
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5383 @end lisp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5384
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5385 @node Removing flashing messages, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Killing based on nonstandard headers, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5386 @section How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5387 @cindex Flashing Gnus messages, removing
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5388 @cindex Removing flashing Gnus messages
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5389 @cindex Slow connections causing flashing messages in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5390 @cindex Gnus, flashing messages in
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5391
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5392 Set @code{nntp-debug-read} to @code{nil}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5393
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5394 @node Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Gnus hangs for a long time, Removing flashing messages, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5395 @section Why is catch up slow in Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5396 @cindex Slow catch up in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5397 @cindex Gnus is slow when catching up
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5398 @cindex Crosspostings make Gnus catching up slow
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5399
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5400 Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5401 the variable @code{gnus-use-cross-reference}.
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5402
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5403 @node Gnus hangs for a long time, Learning more about Gnus, Catch-up is slow in Gnus, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5404 @section Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5405 @cindex Hangs in Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5406 @cindex Gnus hangs while posting
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5407 @cindex Posting, Gnus hangs wile
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5408
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5409 @email{tale@@uunet.uu.net, David Lawrence} explains:
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5410
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5411 @quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5412 The problem is almost always interaction between NNTP and C News. NNTP
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5413 POST asks C News's @code{inews} to not background itself but rather hang
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5414 around and give its exit status so it knows whether the post was successful.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5415 (That wait will on some systems not return the exit status of the
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5416 waited for job is a different sort of problem.) It ends up taking a
34741
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5417 long time because @code{inews} is calling @code{relaynews}, which often
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5418 waits for another @code{relaynews} to free the lock on the news system
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5419 so it can file the article.
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5420
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5421 My preferred solution is to change @code{inews} to not call
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5422 @code{relaynews}, but rather use @code{newsspool}. This loses some
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5423 error-catching functionality, but is for the most part safe as
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5424 @code{inews} will detect a lot of the errors on its own. The C News
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5425 folks have sped up @code{inews}, too, so speed should look better to
13240ff7920b Many changes to make it consistent with Emacs 21.
Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
parents: 34151
diff changeset
5426 most folks as that update propagates around.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5427 @end quotation
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5428
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5429 @node Learning more about Gnus, , Gnus hangs for a long time, Mail and news
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5430 @section Where can I find out more about Gnus?
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5431 @cindex FAQ for Gnus
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5432 @cindex Gnus FAQ
50791
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
5433 @cindex Learning more about Gnus
f9b4ffb4964d Improve previous changes (in particular, use of @uref).
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50780
diff changeset
5434
50954
e6cae6d37bc9 Update VM version.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50791
diff changeset
5435 For more information on Gnus, consult the Gnus manual and FAQ, which are
e6cae6d37bc9 Update VM version.
Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
parents: 50791
diff changeset
5436 part of the Gnus distribution.
25474
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5437
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5438 @node Concept index, , Mail and news, Top
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5439 @unnumbered Concept Index
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5440 @printindex cp
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5441
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5442 @contents
e87d80337a64 Initial revision
Dave Love <fx@gnu.org>
parents:
diff changeset
5443 @bye
52401
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5444
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5445 @ignore
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5446 arch-tag: fee0d62d-06cf-43d8-ac21-123408eaf10f
695cf19ef79e Add arch taglines
Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org>
parents: 51449
diff changeset
5447 @end ignore