comparison lisp/language/devan-util.el @ 49598:0d8b17d428b5

Trailing whitepace deleted.

49597:e88404e8f2cf

(defconst devanagari-consonant
  "[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]")

(defconst devanagari-composable-pattern
  (concat 
   "\\([$,15E(B-$,15T6@6A(B][$,15A5B(B]?\\)\\|$,15C(B"
   "\\|\\("
   "\\(?:\\(?:[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]$,16-(B\\)?\\(?:[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]$,16-(B\\)?\\(?:[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]$,16-(B\\)?[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]$,16-(B\\)?"
   "[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]\\(?:$,16-(B\\|[$,15~(B-$,16-6B6C(B]?[$,15B5A(B]?\\)?"
   "\\)")

  (save-excursion
    (save-restriction
      (narrow-to-region from to)
      (goto-char (point-min))
      (while (re-search-forward devanagari-composable-pattern nil t)
        (devanagari-compose-syllable-region (match-beginning 0) 
                                            (match-end 0))))))
(defun devanagari-compose-string (string)
  (with-temp-buffer
    (insert (decompose-string string))
    (devanagari-compose-region (point-min) (point-max))

	(set-buffer-modified-p buffer-modified-p)
	(- (point-max) (point-min))))))

(defun devanagari-range (from to)
  "Make the list of the integers of range FROM to TO."
  (let (result) 
    (while (<= from to) (setq result (cons to result) to (1- to))) result))

(defun devanagari-regexp-of-hashtbl-keys (hashtbl)
  "Return a regular expression that matches all keys in hashtable HASHTBL."
  (let ((max-specpdl-size 1000))
    (regexp-opt
     (sort 
      (let (dummy)
	(maphash (function (lambda (key val) (setq dummy (cons key dummy)))) hashtbl)
	dummy)
      (function (lambda (x y) (> (length x) (length y))))))))

;; Register a function to compose Devanagari characters.
(mapc
 (function (lambda (ucs)
   (aset composition-function-table (decode-char 'ucs ucs)
	 (list (cons devanagari-composable-pattern 
                     'devanagari-composition-function)))))
 (nconc '(#x0903) (devanagari-range #x0905 #x0939) (devanagari-range #x0958 #x0961)))

;; Notes on conversion steps.

;; 1. chars to glyphs 
;;
;; Rules will not be applied to the halant appeared at the end of the
;; text.  Also, the preceding/following "r" will be treated as special case.

;; 2. glyphs reordering.

;; re-ordered in the following order.
;;
;; Note that `consonant-glyph' mentioned here does not contain the
;; vertical bar (right modifier) attached at the right of the
;; consonant.
;; 
;; If the glyph-group contains right modifier, 
;;  (1) consonant-glyphs/vowels, with nukta sign
;;  (2) spacing
;;  (3) right modifier (may be matra)
;;  (4) top matra
;;  (5) preceding "r"
;;  (6) anuswar
;;  (7) following "r"
;;  (8) bottom matra or halant.
;; 
;; Otherwise, 
;;  (1) consonant-glyph/vowels, with nukta sign
;;  (3) left matra
;;  (4) top matra 
;;  (5) preceding "r"
;;  (6) anuswar
;;  (7) following "r"
;;  (8) bottom matra or halant.
;;  (2) spacing

    ("$,16$(B" . "$,4"?(B")
    ("$,15M(B" . "$,4 b"L(B")
    ("$,15M5A(B" . "$,4 b"$(B")
    ("$,15M5B(B" . "$,4 b"$(B")
    ("$,16%(B" . "\$,4"L(B")
    ("$,15N(B" . "$,4 b"@(B") 
    ("$,15N5A(B" . "$,4 b"@"&(B") 
    ("$,16&(B" . "\$,4"@(B")
    ("$,16&5A(B" . "\$,4"@(B\$,4"&(B")
    ("$,15O(B" . "$,4 b(B") 
    ("$,16'(B" . "\$,4"D(B")
    ("$,16'5A(B" . "\$,4"D(B\$,4"&(B")
    ("$,15P(B" . "$,4 b"D(B") 
    ("$,15P5A(B" . "$,4 b"D"&(B") 
    ("$,16((B" . "\$,4"H(B")
    ("$,16(5A(B" . "\$,4"H(B\$,4"&(B")
    ("$,15Q(B" . "$,4 K")"L(B") ;; special rule for reodering.
    ("$,15Q5A(B" . "$,4 K")"$(B")
    ("$,15Q5B(B" . "$,4 K")"$(B")
    ("$,16)(B" . "\$,4")"L(B")
    ("$,16)5A(B" . "\$,4")"$(B")
    ("$,16)5B(B" . "\$,4")"$(B")
    ("$,15R(B" . "$,4 K")"@(B") 
    ("$,15R5A(B" . "$,4 K")"@"&(B") 
    ("$,16*(B" . "\$,4")"@(B")
    ("$,16*5A(B" . "\$,4")"@"&(B")
    ("$,15S(B" . "$,4 K")"D(B")
    ("$,15S5A(B" . "$,4 K")"D"&(B")
    ("$,16+(B" . "\$,4")"D(B")
    ("$,16+5A(B" . "\$,4")"D"&(B")
    ("$,15T(B" . "$,4 K")"H(B") 
    ("$,15T5A(B" . "$,4 K")"H"&(B") 
    ("$,16,(B" . "\$,4")"H(B")
    ("$,16,5A(B" . "\$,4")"H"&(B")
    ("$,16@(B" . "$,4 a"Q(B") 
    ;;("$,16B(B" . nil)
    ;;("$,16A(B" . nil) 
    ;;("$,16C(B" . nil)

    ;; GRUTTALS
    ("$,15U(B" . "$,4 e"R(B")
    ("$,15U6-(B" . "$,4 c(B")

    ("$,15V(B" . "$,4 j")(B")
    ("$,15V6-(B" . "$,4 j(B")
    ("$,15V6-5p(B" . "$,4 l")(B")
    ("$,15V6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 l(B")

    ("$,15W(B" . "$,4 m")(B") 
    ("$,15W6-(B" . "$,4 m(B") 
    ("$,15W6-5p(B" . "$,4 o")(B")
    ("$,15W6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 o(B")

    ("$,15X(B" . "$,4 p")(B") 
    ("$,15X6-(B" . "$,4 p(B") 
    ("$,15X6-5p(B" . "$,4 q")(B") 
    ("$,15X6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 q(B") 

    ("$,15Y(B" . "$,4 r"S(B")
    ;; PALATALS  
    ("$,15Z(B" . "$,4 s")(B") 
    ("$,15Z6-(B" . "$,4 s(B") 
    ("$,15Z6-5p(B" . "$,4 t")(B") 
    ("$,15Z6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 t(B")

    ("$,15[(B" . "$,4 u"T(B") 

    ("$,15\(B" . "$,4 v")(B") 
    ("$,15\6-(B" . "$,4 v(B") 
    ("$,15\6-5p(B" . "$,4 x")(B") 
    ("$,15\6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 x(B") 
    ("$,15\6-5^(B" . "$,4 y")(B") 
    ("$,15\6-5^6-(B" . "$,4 y(B") 

    ("$,15](B" . "$,4 z")(B") 
    ("$,15]6-(B" . "$,4 z(B") 
    ("$,15]6-5p(B" . "$,4 {")(B") 
    ("$,15]6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 {(B") 

    ("$,15^(B" . "$,4 |")(B")
    ("$,15^6-(B" . "$,4 |(B")
    ;; CEREBRALS 
    ("$,15_(B" . "$,4 }"U(B")
    ("$,15_6-5_(B" . "$,4 ~"U(B")
    ("$,15_6-5`(B" . "$,4 "U(B")

    ("$,15`(B" . "$,4! "V(B") 
    ("$,15`6-5`(B" . "$,4!!"V(B") 

    ("$,15a(B" . "$,4!""W(B") 
    ("$,15a6-5a(B" . "$,4!$"W(B") 
    ("$,15a6-5b(B" . "$,4!%"W(B") 

    ("$,15b(B" . "$,4!&"X(B") 

    ("$,15c(B" . "$,4!(")(B")
    ("$,15c6-(B" . "$,4!((B")
    ;; DENTALS   
    ("$,15d(B" . "$,4!)")(B") 
    ("$,15d6-(B" . "$,4!)(B") 
    ("$,15d6-5p(B" . "$,4!*")(B") 
    ("$,15d6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!*(B") 
    ("$,15d6-5d(B" . "$,4!+")(B") 
    ("$,15d6-5d6-(B" . "$,4!+(B") 

    ("$,15e(B" . "$,4!,")(B") 
    ("$,15e6-(B" . "$,4!,(B") 
    ("$,15e6-5p(B" . "$,4!-")(B") 
    ("$,15e6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!-(B") 

    ("$,15f(B" . "$,4!."Y(B") 
    ("$,15f6#(B" . "$,4!/"Y(B")
    ("$,15f6-5p(B" . "$,4!0"Y(B")
    ("$,15f6-5f(B" . "$,4!1"Y(B")
    ("$,15f6-5g(B" . "$,4!2"Y(B")
    ("$,15f6-5n(B" . "$,4!3(B")
    ("$,15f6-5o(B" . "$,4!4(B")
    ("$,15f6-5u(B" . "$,4!5"Y(B")

    ("$,15g(B" . "$,4!6")(B") 
    ("$,15g6-(B" . "$,4!6(B") 
    ("$,15g6-5p(B" . "$,4!7")(B") 
    ("$,15g6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!7(B") 

    ("$,15h(B" . "$,4!8")(B") 
    ("$,15h6-(B" . "$,4!8(B") 
    ("$,15h6-5p(B" . "$,4!9")(B") 
    ("$,15h6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!9")(B") 
    ("$,15h6-5h(B" . "$,4!:")(B") 
    ("$,15h6-5h6-(B" . "$,4!:(B") 

    ("$,15i(B" . "$,4!8"#")(B")
    ;; LABIALS   
    ("$,15j(B" . "$,4!;")(B") 
    ("$,15j6-(B" . "$,4!;(B") 
    ("$,15j6-5p(B" . "$,4!<")(B") 
    ("$,15j6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!<(B") 

    ("$,15k(B" . "$,4!a"[(B") 
    ("$,15k6-(B" . "$,4!=(B") 
    ("$,15k6-5p(B" . "$,4!c"[(B") 

    ("$,15l(B" . "$,4!d")(B") 
    ("$,15l6-(B" . "$,4!d(B") 
    ("$,15l6-5p(B" . "$,4!e")(B") 
    ("$,15l6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!e(B") 

    ("$,15m(B" . "$,4!f")(B") 
    ("$,15m6-(B" . "$,4!f(B") 
    ("$,15m6-5p(B" . "$,4!g")(B") 
    ("$,15m6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!g(B") 

    ("$,15n(B" . "$,4!h")(B")
    ("$,15n6-(B" . "$,4!h(B")
    ("$,15n6-5p(B" . "$,4!i")(B")
    ("$,15n6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!i(B")
    ;; SEMIVOWELS
    ("$,15o(B" . "$,4!j")(B") 
    ("$,15o6-(B" . "$,4!j(B") 
    ("$,15o6-5p(B" . "$,4!k")(B") 
    ("$,15o6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!k(B") 
    ("$,16-5o(B" . "$,4!l(B") ;; when every ohter lig. fails.

    ("$,15p(B" . "$,4!n"W(B") 
    ;; ("$,15p6-(B" . "\$,4"'(B") ;; special case.  only the topmost pos.
    ("$,15q(B" . "$,4!n"#"W(B") 
    ("$,15q6-(B" . "$,4!m(B") ;; IS 13194 speical rule.
    ("$,15p6!(B" . "$,4!o"[(B") 
    ("$,15p6"(B" . "$,4!p"\(B") 

    ("$,15r(B" . "$,4!q")(B") 
    ("$,15r6-(B" . "$,4!q(B") 
    ("$,15s(B" . "$,4!s(B") 
    ("$,15s6-(B" . "$,4!r(B") 
    ("$,15t(B" . "$,4!s"#(B")
    ("$,15t6-(B" . "$,4!r"#(B")

    ("$,15u(B" . "$,4!t")(B")
    ("$,15u6-(B" . "$,4!t(B")
    ("$,15u6-5p(B" . "$,4!u")(B")
    ("$,15u6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!u(B")
    ;; SIBILANTS 
    ("$,15v(B" . "$,4!v")(B") 
    ("$,15v6-(B" . "$,4!v(B")
    ("$,15v6-5u(B" . "$,4!w")(B")
    ("$,15v6-5u6-(B" . "$,4!w(B")
    ("$,15v6-5p(B" . "$,4!x")(B")
    ("$,15v6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!x(B")

    ("$,15y6-(B" . "$,4!|(B")
    ("$,15y6#(B" . "$,4!~(B")
    ("$,15y6-5p(B" . "$,4!(B")
    ("$,15y6-5n(B" . "$,4" (B")
    ("$,15y6-5o(B" . "$,4"!(B")
    ;; NUKTAS    
    ("$,168(B" . "$,4 f"R"S(B")
    ("$,1686-(B" . "$,4 d(B") 
    ("$,169(B" . "$,4 k")(B") 
    ("$,1696-(B" . "$,4 k(B") 
    ("$,16:(B" . "$,4 n")(B") 
    ("$,16:6-(B" . "$,4 n(B") 
    ("$,16;(B" . "$,4 w")(B") 
    ("$,16;6-(B" . "$,4 w(B") 
    ("$,16<(B" . "$,4!#"W(B") 
    ("$,16=(B" . "$,4!'"X(B") 
    ("$,16>(B" . "$,4!b"[(B") 
    ("$,16>6-(B" . "$,4!>(B") 
    ("$,16?(B" . "$,4!j"#")(B")
    ;; misc modifiers.
    ("$,15A(B" . "\$,4"$(B")
    ("$,15B(B" . "\$,4"&(B") 
    ("$,15C(B" . "$,4 F(B")
    ("$,15|(B" . "$,4"#(B")
    ("$,15}(B" . "$,4 E(B")
    ("$,16-(B" . "$,4""(B")
    ("$,16-5p(B" . "$,4"%(B") ;; following "r"
    ;; ("$,160(B" . "$,4 D(B") 
    ;; ("$,16D(B" . "$,4 J(B")
    ;; ("$,16F(B" . "") 
    ;; ("$,16G(B" . "") 
    ;; ("$,16H(B" . "") 
    ;; ("$,16I(B" . "") 
    ;; ("$,16J(B" . "") 
    ;; ("$,16K(B" . "") 
    ;; ("$,16L(B" . "") 
    ;; ("$,16M(B" . "") 
    ;; ("$,16N(B" . "") 
    ;; ("$,16O(B" . "")
    )
  "Devanagari characters to glyphs conversion table.  
Default value contains only the basic rules.  You may add your own
preferred rule from the sanskrit fonts."  )

(defvar dev-char-glyph-hash
  (let* ((hash (make-hash-table :test 'equal)))

(defvar dev-char-glyph-regexp
  (devanagari-regexp-of-hashtbl-keys dev-char-glyph-hash))

;; glyph-to-glyph conversion table.
;; it is supposed that glyphs are ordered in 
;;   [consonant/nukta] - [matra/halant] - [preceding-r] - [anuswar].

(defvar dev-glyph-glyph
  '(("\$,4"'(B\$,4"&(B" . "\$,4"((B")
    ("\$,4"'(B\$,4"$(B" . "\$,4"((B")

  (if (null to) (setq to from))
  (mapcar (function (lambda (x) (indian-glyph-char x 'devanagari)))
          (devanagari-range from to)))

(defvar dev-glyph-cvn
  (append 
   (dev-charseq #x2b)
   (dev-charseq #x3c #xc1)
   (dev-charseq #xc3))
  "Devanagari Consonants/Vowels/Nukta Glyphs")

(defvar dev-glyph-space
  (dev-charseq #xf0 #xfe)
  "Devanagari Spacing Glyphs")

(defvar dev-glyph-right-modifier
  (append 
   (dev-charseq #xc9)
   (dev-charseq #xd2 #xd5))
  "Devanagari Modifiers attached at the right side.")

(defvar dev-glyph-right-modifier-regexp

(defvar dev-glyph-top-matra
  (dev-charseq #xe0 #xef)
  "Devanagari Matras attached at the top side.")

(defvar dev-glyph-bottom-modifier
  (append 
   (dev-charseq #xd6 #xdf)
   (dev-charseq #xc2))
  "Devanagari Modifiers attached at the bottom.")

(defvar dev-glyph-order

    (,(dev-charseq #xc7 #xc8) . 5)
    (,(dev-charseq #xc6) . 6)
    (,(dev-charseq #xc5) . 7)
    (,dev-glyph-bottom-modifier . 8)))

(mapc 
 (function (lambda (x)
   (mapc 
     (function (lambda (y)
       (put-char-code-property y 'composition-order (cdr x))))
     (car x))))
  dev-glyph-order)

    (buffer-string)))

(defun devanagari-compose-syllable-region (from to)
  "Compose devanagari syllable in region FROM to TO."
  (let ((glyph-str nil) (cons-num 0) glyph-str-list
        (last-halant nil) (preceding-r nil) (last-modifier nil) 
        (last-char (char-before to)) match-str
        glyph-block split-pos)
    (save-excursion
      (save-restriction
          ;;; *** char-to-glyph conversion ***

          (setq preceding-r t)
          (goto-char (+ 2 (point))))
        ;; translate the rest characters into glyphs
        (while (re-search-forward dev-char-glyph-regexp nil t)
          (setq match-str (match-string 0))
          (setq glyph-str 
                (concat glyph-str
                        (gethash match-str dev-char-glyph-hash)))
          ;; count the number of consonant-glyhs.
          (if (string-match devanagari-consonant match-str)
              (setq cons-num (1+ cons-num))))
        ;; preceding-r must be attached before the anuswar if exists.
        (if preceding-r 
            (if last-modifier
                (setq glyph-str (concat (substring glyph-str 0 -1) 
                                        "$,4"'(B" (substring glyph-str -1)))
              (setq glyph-str (concat glyph-str "$,4"'(B"))))
        (if last-halant (setq glyph-str (concat glyph-str "$,4""(B")))
          ;;; *** glyph-to-glyph conversion ***
        (when (string-match dev-glyph-glyph-regexp glyph-str)
          (setq glyph-str
                (replace-match (gethash (match-string 0 glyph-str) 
                                        dev-glyph-glyph-hash)
                               nil t glyph-str))
          (if (and (> cons-num 1)
                   (string-match dev-glyph-glyph-2-regexp glyph-str))
              (setq glyph-str

                                   nil t glyph-str))))
          ;;; *** glyph reordering ***
        (while (setq split-pos (string-match "$,4""(B\\|.$" glyph-str))
          (setq glyph-block (substring glyph-str 0 (1+ split-pos)))
          (setq glyph-str (substring glyph-str (1+ split-pos)))
          (setq 
           glyph-block 
           (if (string-match dev-glyph-right-modifier-regexp glyph-block)
               (sort (string-to-list glyph-block)
                     (function (lambda (x y)
                        (< (get-char-code-property x 'composition-order)
                           (get-char-code-property y 'composition-order)))))

                            (yo (get-char-code-property y 'composition-order)))
                        (if (= xo 2) nil (if (= yo 2) t (< xo yo)))))))))
          (setq glyph-str-list (nconc glyph-str-list glyph-block)))
          ;; concatenate and attach reference-points.
        (setq glyph-str
              (cdr 
               (apply 
                'nconc 
                (mapcar 
                 (function (lambda (x) 
                   (list
                    (or (get-char-code-property x 'reference-point)
                    '(5 . 3) ;; default reference point.
                     )
                    x)))

49598:0d8b17d428b5

(defconst devanagari-consonant
  "[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]")

(defconst devanagari-composable-pattern
  (concat
   "\\([$,15E(B-$,15T6@6A(B][$,15A5B(B]?\\)\\|$,15C(B"
   "\\|\\("
   "\\(?:\\(?:[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]$,16-(B\\)?\\(?:[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]$,16-(B\\)?\\(?:[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]$,16-(B\\)?[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]$,16-(B\\)?"
   "[$,15U(B-$,15y68(B-$,16?(B]\\(?:$,16-(B\\|[$,15~(B-$,16-6B6C(B]?[$,15B5A(B]?\\)?"
   "\\)")

  (save-excursion
    (save-restriction
      (narrow-to-region from to)
      (goto-char (point-min))
      (while (re-search-forward devanagari-composable-pattern nil t)
        (devanagari-compose-syllable-region (match-beginning 0)
                                            (match-end 0))))))
(defun devanagari-compose-string (string)
  (with-temp-buffer
    (insert (decompose-string string))
    (devanagari-compose-region (point-min) (point-max))

	(set-buffer-modified-p buffer-modified-p)
	(- (point-max) (point-min))))))

(defun devanagari-range (from to)
  "Make the list of the integers of range FROM to TO."
  (let (result)
    (while (<= from to) (setq result (cons to result) to (1- to))) result))

(defun devanagari-regexp-of-hashtbl-keys (hashtbl)
  "Return a regular expression that matches all keys in hashtable HASHTBL."
  (let ((max-specpdl-size 1000))
    (regexp-opt
     (sort
      (let (dummy)
	(maphash (function (lambda (key val) (setq dummy (cons key dummy)))) hashtbl)
	dummy)
      (function (lambda (x y) (> (length x) (length y))))))))

;; Register a function to compose Devanagari characters.
(mapc
 (function (lambda (ucs)
   (aset composition-function-table (decode-char 'ucs ucs)
	 (list (cons devanagari-composable-pattern
                     'devanagari-composition-function)))))
 (nconc '(#x0903) (devanagari-range #x0905 #x0939) (devanagari-range #x0958 #x0961)))

;; Notes on conversion steps.

;; 1. chars to glyphs
;;
;; Rules will not be applied to the halant appeared at the end of the
;; text.  Also, the preceding/following "r" will be treated as special case.

;; 2. glyphs reordering.

;; re-ordered in the following order.
;;
;; Note that `consonant-glyph' mentioned here does not contain the
;; vertical bar (right modifier) attached at the right of the
;; consonant.
;;
;; If the glyph-group contains right modifier,
;;  (1) consonant-glyphs/vowels, with nukta sign
;;  (2) spacing
;;  (3) right modifier (may be matra)
;;  (4) top matra
;;  (5) preceding "r"
;;  (6) anuswar
;;  (7) following "r"
;;  (8) bottom matra or halant.
;;
;; Otherwise,
;;  (1) consonant-glyph/vowels, with nukta sign
;;  (3) left matra
;;  (4) top matra
;;  (5) preceding "r"
;;  (6) anuswar
;;  (7) following "r"
;;  (8) bottom matra or halant.
;;  (2) spacing

    ("$,16$(B" . "$,4"?(B")
    ("$,15M(B" . "$,4 b"L(B")
    ("$,15M5A(B" . "$,4 b"$(B")
    ("$,15M5B(B" . "$,4 b"$(B")
    ("$,16%(B" . "\$,4"L(B")
    ("$,15N(B" . "$,4 b"@(B")
    ("$,15N5A(B" . "$,4 b"@"&(B")
    ("$,16&(B" . "\$,4"@(B")
    ("$,16&5A(B" . "\$,4"@(B\$,4"&(B")
    ("$,15O(B" . "$,4 b(B")
    ("$,16'(B" . "\$,4"D(B")
    ("$,16'5A(B" . "\$,4"D(B\$,4"&(B")
    ("$,15P(B" . "$,4 b"D(B")
    ("$,15P5A(B" . "$,4 b"D"&(B")
    ("$,16((B" . "\$,4"H(B")
    ("$,16(5A(B" . "\$,4"H(B\$,4"&(B")
    ("$,15Q(B" . "$,4 K")"L(B") ;; special rule for reodering.
    ("$,15Q5A(B" . "$,4 K")"$(B")
    ("$,15Q5B(B" . "$,4 K")"$(B")
    ("$,16)(B" . "\$,4")"L(B")
    ("$,16)5A(B" . "\$,4")"$(B")
    ("$,16)5B(B" . "\$,4")"$(B")
    ("$,15R(B" . "$,4 K")"@(B")
    ("$,15R5A(B" . "$,4 K")"@"&(B")
    ("$,16*(B" . "\$,4")"@(B")
    ("$,16*5A(B" . "\$,4")"@"&(B")
    ("$,15S(B" . "$,4 K")"D(B")
    ("$,15S5A(B" . "$,4 K")"D"&(B")
    ("$,16+(B" . "\$,4")"D(B")
    ("$,16+5A(B" . "\$,4")"D"&(B")
    ("$,15T(B" . "$,4 K")"H(B")
    ("$,15T5A(B" . "$,4 K")"H"&(B")
    ("$,16,(B" . "\$,4")"H(B")
    ("$,16,5A(B" . "\$,4")"H"&(B")
    ("$,16@(B" . "$,4 a"Q(B")
    ;;("$,16B(B" . nil)
    ;;("$,16A(B" . nil)
    ;;("$,16C(B" . nil)

    ;; GRUTTALS
    ("$,15U(B" . "$,4 e"R(B")
    ("$,15U6-(B" . "$,4 c(B")

    ("$,15V(B" . "$,4 j")(B")
    ("$,15V6-(B" . "$,4 j(B")
    ("$,15V6-5p(B" . "$,4 l")(B")
    ("$,15V6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 l(B")

    ("$,15W(B" . "$,4 m")(B")
    ("$,15W6-(B" . "$,4 m(B")
    ("$,15W6-5p(B" . "$,4 o")(B")
    ("$,15W6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 o(B")

    ("$,15X(B" . "$,4 p")(B")
    ("$,15X6-(B" . "$,4 p(B")
    ("$,15X6-5p(B" . "$,4 q")(B")
    ("$,15X6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 q(B")

    ("$,15Y(B" . "$,4 r"S(B")
    ;; PALATALS
    ("$,15Z(B" . "$,4 s")(B")
    ("$,15Z6-(B" . "$,4 s(B")
    ("$,15Z6-5p(B" . "$,4 t")(B")
    ("$,15Z6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 t(B")

    ("$,15[(B" . "$,4 u"T(B")

    ("$,15\(B" . "$,4 v")(B")
    ("$,15\6-(B" . "$,4 v(B")
    ("$,15\6-5p(B" . "$,4 x")(B")
    ("$,15\6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 x(B")
    ("$,15\6-5^(B" . "$,4 y")(B")
    ("$,15\6-5^6-(B" . "$,4 y(B")

    ("$,15](B" . "$,4 z")(B")
    ("$,15]6-(B" . "$,4 z(B")
    ("$,15]6-5p(B" . "$,4 {")(B")
    ("$,15]6-5p6-(B" . "$,4 {(B")

    ("$,15^(B" . "$,4 |")(B")
    ("$,15^6-(B" . "$,4 |(B")
    ;; CEREBRALS
    ("$,15_(B" . "$,4 }"U(B")
    ("$,15_6-5_(B" . "$,4 ~"U(B")
    ("$,15_6-5`(B" . "$,4 "U(B")

    ("$,15`(B" . "$,4! "V(B")
    ("$,15`6-5`(B" . "$,4!!"V(B")

    ("$,15a(B" . "$,4!""W(B")
    ("$,15a6-5a(B" . "$,4!$"W(B")
    ("$,15a6-5b(B" . "$,4!%"W(B")

    ("$,15b(B" . "$,4!&"X(B")

    ("$,15c(B" . "$,4!(")(B")
    ("$,15c6-(B" . "$,4!((B")
    ;; DENTALS
    ("$,15d(B" . "$,4!)")(B")
    ("$,15d6-(B" . "$,4!)(B")
    ("$,15d6-5p(B" . "$,4!*")(B")
    ("$,15d6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!*(B")
    ("$,15d6-5d(B" . "$,4!+")(B")
    ("$,15d6-5d6-(B" . "$,4!+(B")

    ("$,15e(B" . "$,4!,")(B")
    ("$,15e6-(B" . "$,4!,(B")
    ("$,15e6-5p(B" . "$,4!-")(B")
    ("$,15e6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!-(B")

    ("$,15f(B" . "$,4!."Y(B")
    ("$,15f6#(B" . "$,4!/"Y(B")
    ("$,15f6-5p(B" . "$,4!0"Y(B")
    ("$,15f6-5f(B" . "$,4!1"Y(B")
    ("$,15f6-5g(B" . "$,4!2"Y(B")
    ("$,15f6-5n(B" . "$,4!3(B")
    ("$,15f6-5o(B" . "$,4!4(B")
    ("$,15f6-5u(B" . "$,4!5"Y(B")

    ("$,15g(B" . "$,4!6")(B")
    ("$,15g6-(B" . "$,4!6(B")
    ("$,15g6-5p(B" . "$,4!7")(B")
    ("$,15g6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!7(B")

    ("$,15h(B" . "$,4!8")(B")
    ("$,15h6-(B" . "$,4!8(B")
    ("$,15h6-5p(B" . "$,4!9")(B")
    ("$,15h6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!9")(B")
    ("$,15h6-5h(B" . "$,4!:")(B")
    ("$,15h6-5h6-(B" . "$,4!:(B")

    ("$,15i(B" . "$,4!8"#")(B")
    ;; LABIALS
    ("$,15j(B" . "$,4!;")(B")
    ("$,15j6-(B" . "$,4!;(B")
    ("$,15j6-5p(B" . "$,4!<")(B")
    ("$,15j6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!<(B")

    ("$,15k(B" . "$,4!a"[(B")
    ("$,15k6-(B" . "$,4!=(B")
    ("$,15k6-5p(B" . "$,4!c"[(B")

    ("$,15l(B" . "$,4!d")(B")
    ("$,15l6-(B" . "$,4!d(B")
    ("$,15l6-5p(B" . "$,4!e")(B")
    ("$,15l6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!e(B")

    ("$,15m(B" . "$,4!f")(B")
    ("$,15m6-(B" . "$,4!f(B")
    ("$,15m6-5p(B" . "$,4!g")(B")
    ("$,15m6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!g(B")

    ("$,15n(B" . "$,4!h")(B")
    ("$,15n6-(B" . "$,4!h(B")
    ("$,15n6-5p(B" . "$,4!i")(B")
    ("$,15n6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!i(B")
    ;; SEMIVOWELS
    ("$,15o(B" . "$,4!j")(B")
    ("$,15o6-(B" . "$,4!j(B")
    ("$,15o6-5p(B" . "$,4!k")(B")
    ("$,15o6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!k(B")
    ("$,16-5o(B" . "$,4!l(B") ;; when every ohter lig. fails.

    ("$,15p(B" . "$,4!n"W(B")
    ;; ("$,15p6-(B" . "\$,4"'(B") ;; special case.  only the topmost pos.
    ("$,15q(B" . "$,4!n"#"W(B")
    ("$,15q6-(B" . "$,4!m(B") ;; IS 13194 speical rule.
    ("$,15p6!(B" . "$,4!o"[(B")
    ("$,15p6"(B" . "$,4!p"\(B")

    ("$,15r(B" . "$,4!q")(B")
    ("$,15r6-(B" . "$,4!q(B")
    ("$,15s(B" . "$,4!s(B")
    ("$,15s6-(B" . "$,4!r(B")
    ("$,15t(B" . "$,4!s"#(B")
    ("$,15t6-(B" . "$,4!r"#(B")

    ("$,15u(B" . "$,4!t")(B")
    ("$,15u6-(B" . "$,4!t(B")
    ("$,15u6-5p(B" . "$,4!u")(B")
    ("$,15u6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!u(B")
    ;; SIBILANTS
    ("$,15v(B" . "$,4!v")(B")
    ("$,15v6-(B" . "$,4!v(B")
    ("$,15v6-5u(B" . "$,4!w")(B")
    ("$,15v6-5u6-(B" . "$,4!w(B")
    ("$,15v6-5p(B" . "$,4!x")(B")
    ("$,15v6-5p6-(B" . "$,4!x(B")

    ("$,15y6-(B" . "$,4!|(B")
    ("$,15y6#(B" . "$,4!~(B")
    ("$,15y6-5p(B" . "$,4!(B")
    ("$,15y6-5n(B" . "$,4" (B")
    ("$,15y6-5o(B" . "$,4"!(B")
    ;; NUKTAS
    ("$,168(B" . "$,4 f"R"S(B")
    ("$,1686-(B" . "$,4 d(B")
    ("$,169(B" . "$,4 k")(B")
    ("$,1696-(B" . "$,4 k(B")
    ("$,16:(B" . "$,4 n")(B")
    ("$,16:6-(B" . "$,4 n(B")
    ("$,16;(B" . "$,4 w")(B")
    ("$,16;6-(B" . "$,4 w(B")
    ("$,16<(B" . "$,4!#"W(B")
    ("$,16=(B" . "$,4!'"X(B")
    ("$,16>(B" . "$,4!b"[(B")
    ("$,16>6-(B" . "$,4!>(B")
    ("$,16?(B" . "$,4!j"#")(B")
    ;; misc modifiers.
    ("$,15A(B" . "\$,4"$(B")
    ("$,15B(B" . "\$,4"&(B")
    ("$,15C(B" . "$,4 F(B")
    ("$,15|(B" . "$,4"#(B")
    ("$,15}(B" . "$,4 E(B")
    ("$,16-(B" . "$,4""(B")
    ("$,16-5p(B" . "$,4"%(B") ;; following "r"
    ;; ("$,160(B" . "$,4 D(B")
    ;; ("$,16D(B" . "$,4 J(B")
    ;; ("$,16F(B" . "")
    ;; ("$,16G(B" . "")
    ;; ("$,16H(B" . "")
    ;; ("$,16I(B" . "")
    ;; ("$,16J(B" . "")
    ;; ("$,16K(B" . "")
    ;; ("$,16L(B" . "")
    ;; ("$,16M(B" . "")
    ;; ("$,16N(B" . "")
    ;; ("$,16O(B" . "")
    )
  "Devanagari characters to glyphs conversion table.
Default value contains only the basic rules.  You may add your own
preferred rule from the sanskrit fonts."  )

(defvar dev-char-glyph-hash
  (let* ((hash (make-hash-table :test 'equal)))

(defvar dev-char-glyph-regexp
  (devanagari-regexp-of-hashtbl-keys dev-char-glyph-hash))

;; glyph-to-glyph conversion table.
;; it is supposed that glyphs are ordered in
;;   [consonant/nukta] - [matra/halant] - [preceding-r] - [anuswar].

(defvar dev-glyph-glyph
  '(("\$,4"'(B\$,4"&(B" . "\$,4"((B")
    ("\$,4"'(B\$,4"$(B" . "\$,4"((B")

  (if (null to) (setq to from))
  (mapcar (function (lambda (x) (indian-glyph-char x 'devanagari)))
          (devanagari-range from to)))

(defvar dev-glyph-cvn
  (append
   (dev-charseq #x2b)
   (dev-charseq #x3c #xc1)
   (dev-charseq #xc3))
  "Devanagari Consonants/Vowels/Nukta Glyphs")

(defvar dev-glyph-space
  (dev-charseq #xf0 #xfe)
  "Devanagari Spacing Glyphs")

(defvar dev-glyph-right-modifier
  (append
   (dev-charseq #xc9)
   (dev-charseq #xd2 #xd5))
  "Devanagari Modifiers attached at the right side.")

(defvar dev-glyph-right-modifier-regexp

(defvar dev-glyph-top-matra
  (dev-charseq #xe0 #xef)
  "Devanagari Matras attached at the top side.")

(defvar dev-glyph-bottom-modifier
  (append
   (dev-charseq #xd6 #xdf)
   (dev-charseq #xc2))
  "Devanagari Modifiers attached at the bottom.")

(defvar dev-glyph-order

    (,(dev-charseq #xc7 #xc8) . 5)
    (,(dev-charseq #xc6) . 6)
    (,(dev-charseq #xc5) . 7)
    (,dev-glyph-bottom-modifier . 8)))

(mapc
 (function (lambda (x)
   (mapc
     (function (lambda (y)
       (put-char-code-property y 'composition-order (cdr x))))
     (car x))))
  dev-glyph-order)

    (buffer-string)))

(defun devanagari-compose-syllable-region (from to)
  "Compose devanagari syllable in region FROM to TO."
  (let ((glyph-str nil) (cons-num 0) glyph-str-list
        (last-halant nil) (preceding-r nil) (last-modifier nil)
        (last-char (char-before to)) match-str
        glyph-block split-pos)
    (save-excursion
      (save-restriction
          ;;; *** char-to-glyph conversion ***

          (setq preceding-r t)
          (goto-char (+ 2 (point))))
        ;; translate the rest characters into glyphs
        (while (re-search-forward dev-char-glyph-regexp nil t)
          (setq match-str (match-string 0))
          (setq glyph-str
                (concat glyph-str
                        (gethash match-str dev-char-glyph-hash)))
          ;; count the number of consonant-glyhs.
          (if (string-match devanagari-consonant match-str)
              (setq cons-num (1+ cons-num))))
        ;; preceding-r must be attached before the anuswar if exists.
        (if preceding-r
            (if last-modifier
                (setq glyph-str (concat (substring glyph-str 0 -1)
                                        "$,4"'(B" (substring glyph-str -1)))
              (setq glyph-str (concat glyph-str "$,4"'(B"))))
        (if last-halant (setq glyph-str (concat glyph-str "$,4""(B")))
          ;;; *** glyph-to-glyph conversion ***
        (when (string-match dev-glyph-glyph-regexp glyph-str)
          (setq glyph-str
                (replace-match (gethash (match-string 0 glyph-str)
                                        dev-glyph-glyph-hash)
                               nil t glyph-str))
          (if (and (> cons-num 1)
                   (string-match dev-glyph-glyph-2-regexp glyph-str))
              (setq glyph-str

                                   nil t glyph-str))))
          ;;; *** glyph reordering ***
        (while (setq split-pos (string-match "$,4""(B\\|.$" glyph-str))
          (setq glyph-block (substring glyph-str 0 (1+ split-pos)))
          (setq glyph-str (substring glyph-str (1+ split-pos)))
          (setq
           glyph-block
           (if (string-match dev-glyph-right-modifier-regexp glyph-block)
               (sort (string-to-list glyph-block)
                     (function (lambda (x y)
                        (< (get-char-code-property x 'composition-order)
                           (get-char-code-property y 'composition-order)))))

                            (yo (get-char-code-property y 'composition-order)))
                        (if (= xo 2) nil (if (= yo 2) t (< xo yo)))))))))
          (setq glyph-str-list (nconc glyph-str-list glyph-block)))
          ;; concatenate and attach reference-points.
        (setq glyph-str
              (cdr
               (apply
                'nconc
                (mapcar
                 (function (lambda (x)
                   (list
                    (or (get-char-code-property x 'reference-point)
                    '(5 . 3) ;; default reference point.
                     )
                    x)))