comparison man/org.texi @ 73874:3d54d97a0181

(ARCHIVE tag): Document C-TAB for forcing cycling of archived trees. (Checkboxes): Section moved to chapter 5, and extended. (The date/time prompt): New section. (Link abbreviations): New section. (Presentation and sorting): New section. (Custom agenda views): Section completely rewritten. (Summary): Compare with Planner. (Feedback): More info about creating backtraces. (Plain lists): Modified example. (Breaking down tasks): New section. (Custom time format): New section. (Time stamps): Document inactive timestamps. (Setting tags): More details about fast tag selection. (Block agenda): New section. (Custom agenda views): Section rewritten. (Block agenda): New section.

73873:346d5a94aa47

\input texinfo
@c %**start of header
@setfilename ../info/org
@settitle Org Mode Manual

@set VERSION 4.44
@set DATE August 2006

@dircategory Emacs
@direntry
* Org Mode: (org).	outline-based notes management and organizer
@end direntry

@c Version and Contact Info
@set MAINTAINERSITE @uref{http://www.astro.uva.nl/~dominik/Tools/org/,maintainers webpage}
@set AUTHOR Carsten Dominik
@set MAINTAINER Carsten Dominik
@set MAINTAINEREMAIL @email{dominik@@science.uva.nl}
@set MAINTAINERCONTACT @uref{mailto:dominik@@science.uva.nl,contact the maintainer}
@c %**end of header
@finalout

@c Macro definitions

* Visibility cycling::          Show and hide, much simplified
* Motion::                      Jumping to other headlines
* Structure editing::           Changing sequence and level of headlines
* Archiving::                   Move done task trees to a different place
* Sparse trees::                Matches embedded in context
* Plain lists::                 Editing hand-formatted lists
* Checkboxes::                  Easily checking off things.

Archiving

* ARCHIVE tag::                 Marking a tree as inactive
* Moving subtrees::             Moving a tree to an archive file

* Link format::                 How links in Org-mode are formatted
* Internal links::              Links to other places in the current file
* External links::              URL-like links to the world
* Handling links::              Creating, inserting and following
* Search options::              Linking to a specific location
* Custom searches::             When the default search is not enough
* Remember::                    Org-trees store quick notes

Internal links

TODO items

* TODO basics::                 Marking and displaying TODO entries
* TODO extensions::             Workflow and assignments
* Priorities::                  Some things are more important than others

Extended use of TODO keywords

* Workflow states::             From TODO to DONE in steps
* TODO types::                  I do this, Fred the rest

Timestamps

* Time stamps::                 Assigning a time to a tree entry
* Creating timestamps::         Commands which insert timestamps
* Progress logging::            Documenting when what work was done.

Progress Logging

* Closing items::               When was this entry marked DONE?
* Clocking work time::          When exactly did you work on this item?

* Agenda dispatcher::           Keyboard access to agenda views
* Weekly/Daily agenda::         The calendar page with current tasks
* Global TODO list::            All unfinished action items
* Matching headline tags::      Structured information with fine-tuned search
* Timeline::                    Time-sorted view for single file
* Agenda commands::             Remote editing of org trees

The weekly/daily agenda

* Categories::                  Not all tasks are equal
* Time-of-day specifications::  How the agenda knows the time
* Calendar/Diary integration::  Integrating Anniversaries and more
* Sorting of agenda items::     The order of things

Embedded LaTeX

* Math symbols::                TeX macros for symbols and Greek letters
* Subscripts and Superscripts::  Simple syntax for raising/lowering text

printing and sharing of notes, an Org-mode file can be exported as a
structured ASCII file, as HTML, or (todo and agenda items only) as an
iCalendar file.  It can also serve as a publishing tool for a set of
linked webpages.

Org-mode keeps simple things simple.  When first fired up, it should
feel like a straightforward, easy to use outliner.  Complexity is not
imposed, but a large amount of functionality is available when you need
it.  Org-mode can be used on different levels and in different ways, for
example:

@r{@bullet{} as an outline extension with visibility cycling and structure editing}
@r{@bullet{} as an ASCII system and table editor for taking structured notes}
@r{@bullet{} as an ASCII table editor with spreadsheet-like capabilities}
@r{@bullet{} as a TODO list editor}
@r{@bullet{} as a full agenda and planner with deadlines and work scheduling}
@r{@bullet{} as a simple hypertext system, with HTML export}
@r{@bullet{} as a publishing tool to create a set of interlinked webpages}
@end example

The Org-mode table editor can be integrated into any major mode by
activating the minor Orgtbl-mode.

@cindex FAQ
There is a website for Org-mode which provides links to the newest
version of Org-mode, as well as additional information, frequently asked
questions (FAQ), links to tutorials etc.  This page is located at

For bug reports, please provide as much information as possible,
including the version information of Emacs (@kbd{C-h v emacs-version
@key{RET}}) and Org-mode (@kbd{C-h v org-version @key{RET}}), as well as
the Org-mode related setup in @file{.emacs}.  If an error occurs, a
traceback can be very useful.  Often a small example file helps, along
with clear information about:

@enumerate
@item What exactly did you do?
@item What did you expect to happen?
@item What happened instead?
@end enumerate
@noindent Thank you for helping to improve this mode.

@node Document structure, Tables, Introduction, Top
@chapter Document Structure
@cindex document structure
@cindex structure of document

* Visibility cycling::          Show and hide, much simplified
* Motion::                      Jumping to other headlines
* Structure editing::           Changing sequence and level of headlines
* Archiving::                   Move done task trees to a different place
* Sparse trees::                Matches embedded in context
* Plain lists::                 Editing hand-formatted lists
* Checkboxes::                  Easily checking off things.
@end menu

@node Outlines, Headlines, Document structure, Document structure
@section Outlines
@cindex outlines

@cindex show all, command
@kindex C-c C-a
@item C-c C-a
Show all.
@end table

When Emacs first visits an Org-mode file, the global state is set to
OVERVIEW, i.e. only the top level headlines are visible.  This can be
configured through the variable @code{org-startup-folded}, or on a

to get to the beginning of the next line.  When this command is used in
the middle of a line, the line is split and the rest of the line becomes
the new headline.  If the command is used at the beginning of a
headline, the new headline is created before the current line.  If at
the beginning of any other line, the content of that line is made the
new heading.
@kindex M-S-@key{RET}
@item M-S-@key{RET}
Insert new TODO entry with same level as current heading.
@kindex M-@key{left}
@item M-@key{left}

A headline that is marked with the ARCHIVE tag (@pxref{Tags}) stays at
its location in the outline tree, but behaves in the following way:
@itemize @minus
@item
It does not open when you attempt to do so with a visibility cycling
command (@pxref{Visibility cycling}).  You can still open it with a
normal outline command like @code{show-all}.  Or you can modify the
option @code{org-cycle-open-archived-trees}.
@item
During sparse tree construction (@pxref{Sparse trees}), matches in
archived subtrees are not exposed, unless you configure the option
@code{org-sparse-tree-open-archived-trees}.
@item

Archived trees are not exported (@pxref{Exporting}), only the headline
is.  Configure the details using the variable
@code{org-export-with-archived-trees}.
@end itemize

The following commands allow to set or clear the ARCHIVE tag:

@table @kbd
@kindex C-c C-x C-a
@item C-c C-x C-a
Toggle the ARCHIVE tag for the current headline.  When the tag is set,

Check if any direct children of the current headline should be archived.
To do this, each subtree is checked for open TODO entries.  If none are
found, the command offers to set the ARCHIVE tag for the child.  If the
cursor is @emph{not} on a headline when this command is invoked, the
level 1 trees will be checked.
@end table

@node Moving subtrees,  , ARCHIVE tag, Archiving
@subsection Moving subtrees
@cindex external archiving

If the match is in a headline, the headline is made visible.  If the
match is in the body of an entry, headline and body are made visible.
In order to provide minimal context, also the full hierarchy of
headlines above the match is shown, as well as the headline following
the match.  Each match is also highlighted; the highlights disappear
when the buffer is changed with an editing command.
@end table
@noindent
For frequently used sparse trees of specific search strings, you can
use the variable @code{org-agenda-custom-commands} to define fast
keyboard access to specific sparse trees.  These commands will then be

of the document @footnote{This does not work under XEmacs, because
XEmacs uses selective display for outlining, not text properties.}.
Or you can use the command @kbd{C-c C-e v} to export only the visible
part of the document and print the resulting file.


@node Plain lists, Checkboxes, Sparse trees, Document structure
@section Plain lists
@cindex plain lists
@cindex lists, plain
@cindex lists, ordered
@cindex ordered lists

Headlines define both the structure of the Org-mode file, and also lists
(for example, TODO items (@pxref{TODO items}) should be created using
headline levels).  When taking notes, however, the plain text is
sometimes easier to read with hand-formatted lists.  Org-mode supports
editing such lists, and the HTML exporter (@pxref{Exporting}) does
parse and format them.

Org-mode knows ordered and unordered lists.  Unordered list items start
with @samp{-}, @samp{+}, or @samp{*}@footnote{When using @samp{*} as a
bullet, lines must be indented or they will be seen as top-level
headlines.  Also, when you are hiding leading stars to get a clean

less.  For example:

@example
@group
** Lord of the Rings
My favorite scenes are (in this order)
1. Eowyns fight with the witch king
   + this was already my favorite scene in the book
   + I really like Miranda Otto.
2. The attack of the Rohirrim
3. Peter Jackson being shot by Legolas
    - on DVD only
   He makes a really funny face when it happens.
But in the end, not individual scenes matter but the film as a whole.
@end group
@end example

Org-mode supports these lists by tuning filling and wrapping commands to
deal with them correctly@footnote{Org-mode only changes the filling

If there is a checkbox (@pxref{Checkboxes}) in the item line, toggle the
state of the checkbox.  Otherwise, if this is an ordered list, renumber
the ordered list at the cursor.
@end table

@page
@node Checkboxes,  , Plain lists, Document structure
@section Checkboxes
@cindex checkboxes

Every item in a plain list (ordered and unordered) can be made a
checkbox by starting it with the string @samp{[ ]}.  This feature is
similar to TODO items (@pxref{TODO items}), but more lightweight.
Checkboxes are not included into the global TODO list, so they are often
great to split a task into a number of simple steps.  Or you can use
them in a shopping list to select the items you need to buy.  To toggle
a checkbox, use @kbd{C-c C-c}, or try Piotr Zielinski's
@file{org-mouse.el}.  Here is an example of a checkbox list.

@example
* Avoid stupid mistakes when distributing a new version
  - [ ] update also Emacs CVS
  - [X] forget to update index.html on the website
  - [X] leaving a `(debug)' form in the code
@end example

@noindent The following commands work with checkboxes:

@table @kbd
@kindex C-c C-c
@item C-c C-c
Toggle checkbox at point.
@kindex C-c C-x C-b
@item C-c C-x C-b
Toggle checkbox at point.
@itemize @minus
@item
If there is an active region, toggle the first checkbox in the region
and set all remaining boxes to the same status as the first.  If you
want to toggle all boxes in the region independently, use a prefix
argument.
@item
If the cursor is in a headline, toggle checkboxes in the region between
this headline and the next.  This does @emph{not} act on the entire
subtree, just the current entry.
@item
If no active region, just toggle the checkbox at point.
@end itemize
@kindex M-S-@key{RET}
@item M-S-@key{RET}
Insert a new item with a checkbox.
This works only if the cursor is already in a plain list item
(@pxref{Plain lists}).
@end table

@node Tables, Hyperlinks, Document structure, Top
@chapter Tables
@cindex tables
@cindex editing tables

@samp{|-} is considered as a horizontal separator line and will be
expanded on the next re-align to span the whole table width.  So, to
create the above table, you would only type

@example
|Name|Phone|Age
|-
@end example

@noindent and then press @key{TAB} to align the table and start filling in
fields.

@menu
* Link format::                 How links in Org-mode are formatted
* Internal links::              Links to other places in the current file
* External links::              URL-like links to the world
* Handling links::              Creating, inserting and following
* Search options::              Linking to a specific location
* Custom searches::             When the default search is not enough
* Remember::                    Org-trees store quick notes
@end menu

@node Internal links, External links, Link format, Hyperlinks
@section Internal links
@cindex internal links
@cindex links, internal
@cindex CamelCase links

If the link does not look like a URL, it is considered to be internal in
the current file.  Links such as @samp{[[My Target]]} or @samp{[[My
Target][Find my target]]} lead to a text search in the current file.
The link can be followed with @kbd{C-c C-o} when the cursor is on the

* CamelCase links::             Activating CamelCase words as links
@end menu

@node Radio targets, CamelCase links, Internal links, Internal links
@subsection Radio targets

You can configure Org-mode to link any occurrences of certain target
names in normal text.  So without explicitly creating a link, the text
connects to the target radioing its position.  Radio targets are
enclosed by triple angular brackets.  For example, a target

@cindex completion, of CamelCase links
@cindex CamelCase links, completion of

Org-mode also supports CamelCase words as links.  This feature is not
turned on by default because of the inconsistencies this system suffers
from.  To activate CamelCase words as links, you need to customize
the option @code{org-activate-links}.  A CamelCase word then leads to a
text search such that @samp{CamelCaseLink} is equivalent to
@samp{[[camel case link]]}.

@node External links, Handling links, Internal links, Hyperlinks
@section External links
@cindex links, external
@cindex external links

Org-mode also finds external links in the normal text and activates them
as links.  If spaces must be part of the link (for example in
@samp{bbdb:Richard Stallman}), or you need to remove ambiguities about the end of
the link, enclose them in angular brackets.

@node Handling links, Search options, External links, Hyperlinks
@section Handling links

Org-mode provides methods to create a link in the correct syntax, to
insert it into an org-mode file, and to follow the link.

@table @kbd

On links, @kbd{mouse-2} will open the link just as @kbd{C-c C-o}
would.  Under Emacs 22, also @kbd{mouse-1} will follow a link.

@kindex mouse-3
@item mouse-3
Like @kbd{mouse-2}, but force file links to be opened with Emacs.

@cindex mark ring
@kindex C-c %
@item C-c %
Push the current position onto the mark ring, to be able to return

commands following internal links, and by @kbd{C-c %}.  Using this
command several times in direct succession moves through a ring of
previously recorded positions.
@end table


@node Search options, Custom searches, Handling links, Hyperlinks
@section Search options in file links
@cindex search option in file links
@cindex file links, searching

File links can contain additional information to make Emacs jump to a

@samp{[[find me]]} would.

@node Custom searches, Remember, Search options, Hyperlinks
@section Custom Searches
@cindex custom search strings

The default mechanism for creating search strings and for doing the
actual search related to a file link may not work correctly in all
cases.  For example, BibTeX database files have many entries like
@samp{year="1993"} which would not result in good search strings,

@menu
* TODO basics::                 Marking and displaying TODO entries
* TODO extensions::             Workflow and assignments
* Priorities::                  Some things are more important than others
@end menu

@node TODO basics, TODO extensions, TODO items, TODO items
@section Basic TODO functionality

only one of the two aspects of TODO keywords can be used.  After
changing one of these lines, use @kbd{C-c C-c} with the cursor still
in the line to make the changes known to Org-mode@footnote{Org-mode
parses these lines only when Org-mode is activated after visiting a
file.  @kbd{C-c C-c} with the cursor in a line starting with @samp{#+}
is simply restarting Org-mode, making sure that these changes will be
respected.}.

If you want to use very many keywords, for example when working with a
large group of people, you may split the names over several lines:

@example

#+TYP_TODO: Luis George Jules Jessica
#+TYP_TODO: Kim Arnold Peter
#+TYP_TODO: DONE
@end example

@node Priorities,  , TODO extensions, TODO items
@section Priorities
@cindex priorities

If you use Org-mode extensively to organize your work, you may end up
with a number of TODO entries so large that you'd like to prioritize

Increase/decrease priority of current headline.  Note that these keys
are also used to modify time stamps (@pxref{Creating timestamps}).
Furthermore, these keys are also used by CUA-mode (@pxref{Conflicts}).
@end table

@node Timestamps, Tags, TODO items, Top
@chapter Timestamps

Items can be labeled with timestamps to make them useful for project
planning.

@menu
* Time stamps::                 Assigning a time to a tree entry
* Creating timestamps::         Commands which insert timestamps
* Progress logging::            Documenting when what work was done.
@end menu


@node Time stamps, Creating timestamps, Timestamps, Timestamps

@cindex date stamps
@cindex deadlines
@cindex scheduling

A time stamp is a specification of a date (possibly with time) in a
special format, either @samp{<2003-09-16 Tue>} or @samp{<2003-09-16
Tue 09:39>}.  A time stamp can appear anywhere in the headline or body
of an org-tree entry.  Its presence allows entries to be shown on specific
dates in the agenda (@pxref{Weekly/Daily agenda}).  We distinguish:

@table @var
@item Plain time stamp
@cindex timestamp
A simple time stamp just assigns a date/time to an item.  This is just
like writing down an appointment in a paper agenda, or like writing down
an event in a diary, when you want to take note of when something
happened.  In the timeline and agenda displays, the headline of an entry
associated with a plain time stamp will be shown exactly on that date.

@item Time stamp range
@cindex timerange
Two time stamps connected by @samp{--} denote a time range.  The
headline will be shown on the first and last day of the range, and on

items, time ranges preceded by the CLOCK keyword are inserted
automatically into the file.  The time stamps are enclosed in square
brackets instead of angular brackets.  @xref{Clocking work time}.
@end table

@node Creating timestamps, Progress logging, Time stamps, Timestamps
@section Creating timestamps
@cindex creating timestamps
@cindex timestamps, creating

For Org-mode to recognize time stamps, they need to be in the specific

timestamp in the current line, goto the corresponding date
instead.

@kindex C-c C-o
@item C-c C-o
Access the agenda for the date given by the time stamp at point
(@pxref{Weekly/Daily agenda}).

@kindex C-c C-d
@item C-c C-d
Insert @samp{DEADLINE} keyword along with a stamp.  The insertion will
happen in the line directly following the headline.  

@kindex S-@key{up}
@kindex S-@key{down}
@item S-@key{up}
@itemx S-@key{down}
Change the item under the cursor in a timestamp.  The cursor can be on
a year, month, day, hour or minute.  Note that if the cursor is not at
a time stamp, these same keys modify the priority of an item.
(@pxref{Priorities}). The key bindings also conflict with CUA-mode
(@pxref{Conflicts}).


@kindex C-c C-y
@cindex evaluate time range
@item C-c C-y
Evaluate a time range by computing the difference between start and
end.  With prefix arg, insert result after the time range (in a table:
into the following column).
@end table

@cindex date, reading in minibuffer
@cindex time, reading in minibuffer
@cindex calendar, for selecting date
When Org-mode prompts for a date/time, the function reading your input
will replace anything you choose not to specify with the current date
and time.  For details, see the documentation string of
@command{org-read-date}.  Also, a calender will pop up to allow
selecting a date.  The calendar can be fully controlled from the
minibuffer, and a date can be selected with the following commands:

@table @kbd
@kindex <
@item <
Scroll calendar backwards by one month.

@kindex M-S-@key{left}
@item M-S-@key{left}
One month back.
@kindex @key{RET}
@item @key{RET}
Choose date in calendar (only if nothing typed into minibuffer).
@end table

@node Progress logging,  , Creating timestamps, Timestamps
@section Progress Logging
@cindex progress logging
@cindex logging, of progress

Org-mode can automatically record a time stamp when you mark a TODO item

If you turn the entry back into a TODO item again through further
state cycling, that line will be removed again.  In the timeline
(@pxref{Timeline}) and in the agenda (@pxref{Weekly/Daily agenda}),
you can then use the @kbd{l} key to display the TODO items closed on
each day, giving you an overview of what has been done on a day.

@node Clocking work time,  , Closing items, Progress logging
@subsection Clocking work time

Org-mode allows you to clock the time you spent on specific tasks in a

@kindex C-c C-x C-o
@item C-c C-x C-o
Stop the clock (clock-out).  The inserts another timestamp at the same
location where the clock was last started.  It also directly computes
the resulting time in inserts it after the time range as @samp{=>
HH:MM}.  
@kindex C-c C-y
@item C-c C-y
Recompute the time interval after changing one of the time stamps.  This
is only necessary if you edit the time stamps directly.  If you change
them with @kbd{S-@key{cursor}} keys, the update is automatic.

@item C-c C-x C-d
Display time summaries for each subtree in the current buffer.  This
puts overlays at the end of each headline, showing the total time
recorded under that heading, including the time of any subheadings. You
can use visibility cycling to study the tree, but the overlays disappear
automatically when the buffer is changed.
@kindex C-c C-x C-r
@item C-c C-x C-r
Insert a dynamic block (@pxref{Dynamic blocks}) containing a clock
report as an org-mode table into the current file.
@example

@end menu

@node Tag inheritance, Setting tags, Tags, Tags
@section Tag inheritance
@cindex inheritance, of tags

@i{Tags} make use of the hierarchical structure of outline trees.  If a
heading has a certain tag, all subheadings will inherit the tag as
well.  For example, in the list

@code{org-tags-match-list-sublevels}.

@node Setting tags, Tag searches, Tag inheritance, Tags
@section Setting tags
@cindex setting tags

@kindex M-@key{TAB}
Tags can simply be typed into the buffer at the end of a headline.
After a colon, @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} offers completion on tags.  There is
also a special command for inserting tags:

Org will support tag insertion based on a @emph{list of tags}.  By
default this list is constructed dynamically, containing all tags
currently used in the buffer.  You may also globally specify a hard list
of tags with the variable @code{org-tag-alist}.  Finally you can set
the allowed tags for a given file with lines like

@example
#+TAGS: @@WORK @@HOME @@TENNISCLUB
#+TAGS: Laptop Car PC Sailboat
@end example

The default support method is minibuffer completion.  However, Org-mode
also implements a much better method: @emph{fast tag selection}.  This
method allows to select and deselect tags with a single key per tag.  To
function efficiently, you should assign unique keys to all tags.  This
can be done globally with

@lisp
(setq org-tag-alist '(("@@WORK" . ?w) ("@@HOME" . ?h) ("Laptop" . ?l)))
@end lisp

these lines to activate any changes.

If at least one tag has a selection key, pressing @kbd{C-c C-c} will
automatically present you with a special interface, listing inherited
tags, the tags of the current headline, and a list of all legal tags
with corresponding keys@footnote{Keys will automatically assigned to
tags which have no configured keys.}.  Pressing keys for the tags will
add or remove them from the list of tags in the current line.  Selecting
a tag in a group of mutually exclusive tags will turn off any other tags
from that group.  @key{SPC} clears all tags for this line, @kbd{RET}
accepts the modified set, and @kbd{C-g} aborts without installing
changes.  This method lets you assign tags to a headline with very few
keys.  With the above setup, you could clear the current tags and set
@samp{@@HOME}, @samp{Laptop} and @samp{PC} tags with just the following
keys: @kbd{C-c C-c @key{SPC} h l p @key{RET}}.  Switching from
@samp{@@HOME} to @samp{@@WORK} would be done with @kbd{C-c C-c w
@key{RET}}.

What if you have globally defined your preferred set of tags using the
variable @code{org-tag-alist}, but would like to use a dynamic tag list
in a specific file?  Just add an empty TAGS option line to that file:

@example
#+TAGS:
@end example



@node Tag searches,  , Setting tags, Tags
@section Tag searches
@cindex tag searches

Once a tags system has been set up, it can be used to collect related
information into special lists.

@table @kbd

Create a global list of tag matches from all agenda files, but check
only TODO items and force checking subitems (see variable
@code{org-tags-match-list-sublevels}).
@end table

A @i{tags} search string can use Boolean operators @samp{&} for AND and
@samp{|} for OR.  @samp{&} binds more strongly than @samp{|}.
Parenthesis are currently not implemented.  A tag may also be preceded
by @samp{-}, to select against it, and @samp{+} is syntactic sugar for
positive selection.  The AND operator @samp{&} is optional when @samp{+}
or @samp{-} is present.  For example, @samp{+WORK-BOSS} would select all
headlines that are tagged @samp{:WORK:}, but discard those also tagged
@samp{:BOSS:}.  The search string @samp{WORK|LAPTOP} selects all lines
tagged @samp{:WORK:} or @samp{:LAPTOP:}.  The string
@samp{WORK|LAPTOP&NIGHT} requires that the @samp{:LAPTOP:} lines are
also tagged @samp{NIGHT}.

@node Agenda views, Embedded LaTeX, Tags, Top
@chapter Agenda Views
@cindex agenda views

files.  To get an overview over open action items, or over events that
are important for a particular date, this information must be collected,
sorted and displayed in an organized way.

Org-mode can select items based on various criteria, and display them
in a separate buffer.  Three different views are provided:

@itemize @bullet
@item
an @emph{agenda} that is like a calendar and shows information
for specific dates
@item
a @emph{TODO list} that covers all unfinished
action items, and
@item
a @emph{tags view} that shows information based on
the tags associated with headlines in the outline tree.
@end itemize

@noindent
The extracted information is displayed in a special @emph{agenda
buffer}.  This buffer is read-only, but provides commands to visit the
corresponding locations in the original Org-mode files, and even to
edit these files remotely.

@menu
* Agenda files::                Files being searched for agenda information
* Agenda dispatcher::           Keyboard access to agenda views
* Weekly/Daily agenda::         The calendar page with current tasks
* Global TODO list::            All unfinished action items
* Matching headline tags::      Structured information with fine-tuned search
* Timeline::                    Time-sorted view for single file
* Agenda commands::             Remote editing of org trees
@end menu

@node Agenda files, Agenda dispatcher, Agenda views, Agenda views
@section Agenda files

The information to be shown is collected from all @emph{agenda files},
the files listed in the variable @code{org-agenda-files}@footnote{If the
value of that variable is not a list, but a single file name, then the
list of agenda files will be maintained in that external file.}.  Thus even
if you only work with a single Org-mode file, this file should be put
into that list@footnote{When using the dispatcher pressing @kbd{1}
before selecting a command will actually limit the command to the
current file, and ignore @code{org-agenda-files} until the next
dispatcher command.}.  You can customize @code{org-agenda-files}, but
the easiest way to maintain it is through the following commands

@node Agenda dispatcher, Weekly/Daily agenda, Agenda files, Agenda views
@section The agenda dispatcher
@cindex agenda dispatcher
@cindex dispatching agenda commands
@cindex custom agenda commands
@cindex agenda commands, custom
The views are created through a dispatcher that should be bound to a
global key, for example @kbd{C-c a} (@pxref{Installation}).  In the
following we will assume that @kbd{C-c a} is indeed how the dispatcher
is accessed and list keyboard access to commands accordingly.  After
pressing @kbd{C-c a}, an additional letter is required to execute a

@item t / T
Create a list of all TODO items (@pxref{Global TODO list}).
@item m / M
Create a list of headlines matching a TAGS expression (@pxref{Matching
headline tags}).
@end table

You can also define custom commands that will be accessible through
the dispatcher, just like the default commands.  Custom commands are
global searches for tags and specific TODO keywords, or a variety of
sparse tree creating commands (@pxref{Sparse trees}).  As sparse trees
are only defined for a single org-mode file, these latter commands act
on the current buffer instead of the list of agenda files.

@kindex C-c a C
Custom commands are configured in the variable
@code{org-agenda-custom-commands}.  You can customize this variable,
for example by pressing @kbd{C-c a C}.  You can also directly set it
with Emacs Lisp in @file{.emacs}.  For example:

@lisp
(setq org-agenda-custom-commands
      '(("w" todo "WAITING")
        ("u" tags "+BOSS-URGENT")
        ("U" tags-tree "+BOSS-URGENT")
        ("f" occur-tree "\\<FIXME\\>")))
@end lisp

@noindent will define @kbd{C-c a w} as a global search for
TODO entries with @samp{WAITING} as the TODO keyword, @kbd{C-c a u} as a
global tags search for headlines marked @samp{:BOSS:} but not
@samp{:URGENT:}, @kbd{C-c a U} to do the same search but only in the
current buffer and display the result as a sparse tree, and @kbd{C-c a
f} to create a sparse tree with all entries containing the word
@samp{FIXME}.  For more information, look at the documentation string
of the variable @code{org-agenda-custom-commands}.

@node Weekly/Daily agenda, Global TODO list, Agenda dispatcher, Agenda views
@section The weekly/daily agenda
@cindex agenda

The purpose of the weekly/daily @emph{agenda} is to act like a page of
a paper agenda, showing all the tasks for the current week or day.

@table @kbd
@cindex org-agenda, command
@kindex C-c a a
@item C-c a a

change the dates of deadlines and appointments from the agenda buffer.
The commands available in the Agenda buffer are listed in @ref{Agenda
commands}.

@menu
* Categories::                  Not all tasks are equal
* Time-of-day specifications::  How the agenda knows the time
* Calendar/Diary integration::  Integrating Anniversaries and more
* Sorting of agenda items::     The order of things
@end menu

@node Categories, Time-of-day specifications, Weekly/Daily agenda, Weekly/Daily agenda
@subsection Categories

@cindex category
In the agenda buffer, each entry is preceded by a @emph{category},
which is derived from the file name.  The category can also be set
with a special line anywhere in the buffer, looking like this:

@example
#+CATEGORY: Thesis
@end example

If there are several such lines in a file, each specifies the category
for the text below it (but the first category also applies to any text
before the first CATEGORY line).  The display in the agenda buffer looks
best if the category is not longer than 10 characters.

@node Time-of-day specifications, Calendar/Diary integration, Categories, Weekly/Daily agenda
@subsection Time-of-Day Specifications

Org-mode checks each agenda item for a time-of-day specification.  The
time can be part of the time stamp that triggered inclusion into the
agenda, for example as in @w{@samp{<2005-05-10 Tue 19:00>}}.  Time
ranges can be specified with two time stamps, like
@c
@w{@samp{<2005-05-10 Tue 20:30>--<2005-05-10 Tue 22:15>}}.

In the headline of the entry itself, a time(range) may also appear as
plain text (like @samp{12:45} or a @samp{8:30-1pm}.  If the agenda
integrates the Emacs diary (@pxref{Calendar/Diary integration}), time
specifications in diary entries are recognized as well.

For agenda display, Org-mode extracts the time and displays it in a
standard 24 hour format as part of the prefix.  The example times in
the previous paragraphs would end up in the agenda like this:

@example
    8:30-13:00 Arthur Dent lies in front of the bulldozer
   12:45...... Ford Prefect arrives and takes Arthur to the pub
   19:00...... The Vogon reads his poem
   20:30-22:15 Marwin escorts the Hitchhikers to the bridge
@end example

If the agenda is in single-day mode, or for the display of today, the
timed entries are embedded in a time grid, like

@example
    8:00...... ------------------
    8:30-13:00 Arthur Dent lies in front of the bulldozer
   10:00...... ------------------
   12:00...... ------------------
   12:45...... Ford Prefect arrives and takes Arthur to the pub
   14:00...... ------------------
   16:00...... ------------------
   18:00...... ------------------
   19:00...... The Vogon reads his poem
   20:00...... ------------------
   20:30-22:15 Marwin escorts the Hitchhikers to the bridge
@end example

The time grid can be turned on and off with the variable
@code{org-agenda-use-time-grid}, and can be configured with
@code{org-agenda-time-grid}.


@node Calendar/Diary integration, Sorting of agenda items, Time-of-day specifications, Weekly/Daily agenda
@subsection Calendar/Diary integration
@cindex calendar integration
@cindex diary integration

Emacs contains the calendar and diary by Edward M. Reingold.  The

well as the commands @kbd{S}, @kbd{M}, and @kbd{C} to display
Sunrise/Sunset times, show lunar phases and to convert to other
calendars, respectively.  @kbd{c} can be used to switch back and forth
between calendar and agenda.

@node Sorting of agenda items,  , Calendar/Diary integration, Weekly/Daily agenda
@subsection Sorting of agenda items
@cindex sorting, of agenda items
@cindex priorities, of agenda items
The entries for each day are sorted.  The default order is to first
collect all items containing an explicit time-of-day specification.
These entries will be shown at the beginning of the list, as a
@emph{schedule} for the day.  After that, items remain grouped in
categories, in the sequence given by @code{org-agenda-files}.  Within
each category, items are sorted by priority (@pxref{Priorities}).

The priority is a numerical quantity composed of the base priority
(2000 for priority @samp{A}, 1000 for @samp{B}, and 0 for @samp{C}),
plus additional increments for overdue scheduled or deadline items.

Sorting can be customized using the variable
@code{org-agenda-sorting-strategy}.


@node Global TODO list, Matching headline tags, Weekly/Daily agenda, Agenda views
@section The global TODO list
@cindex global TODO list
@cindex TODO list, global

agenda files (@pxref{Agenda views}) into a single buffer.  The buffer is in
@code{agenda-mode}, so there are commands to examine and manipulate
the TODO entries directly from that buffer (@pxref{Agenda commands}).
@kindex C-c a T
@item C-c a T
Like the above, but allows selection of a specific TODO keyword.  You can
also do this by specifying a prefix argument to @kbd{C-c a t}.  With a
@kbd{C-u} prefix you are prompted for a keyword.  With a numeric
prefix, the Nth keyword in @code{org-todo-keywords} is selected.
@kindex r
The @kbd{r} key in the agenda buffer regenerates it, and you can give
a prefix argument to this command to change the selected TODO keyword,
for example @kbd{3 r}.  If you often need a search for a specific
keyword, define a custom command for it (@pxref{Agenda dispatcher}).
@end table

Remote editing of TODO items means that you can change the state of a
TODO entry with a single key press.  The commands available in the
TODO list are described in @ref{Agenda commands}.

Nomally the global todo list simply shows all headlines with TODO
keywords.  This list can become very long.  There are two ways to keep
it more compact:
@itemize @minus
@item
Some people view a TODO item that has been @emph{scheduled} for

TODO items may have sublevels to break up the task into subtasks.  In
such cases it may be enough to list only the highest level TODO headline
and omit the sublevels from the global list.  Configure the variable
@code{org-agenda-todo-list-sublevels} to get this behavior.
@end itemize


@node Matching headline tags, Timeline, Global TODO list, Agenda views
@section Matching headline tags
@cindex matching, of tags
@cindex tags view

define a custom command for it (@pxref{Agenda dispatcher}).
@kindex C-c a M
@item C-c a M
Like @kbd{C-c a m}, but only select headlines that are also TODO items
and force checking subitems (see variable
@code{org-tags-match-list-sublevels}.
@end table

The commands available in the tags list are described in @ref{Agenda
commands}.

@node Timeline, Agenda commands, Matching headline tags, Agenda views
@section Timeline for a single file
@cindex single file summary
@cindex agenda, for single file
@cindex timeline, single file
@cindex time-sorted view

The timeline is not really an agenda view, because it only summarizes
items from a single Org-mode file.  But it also uses the agenda buffer
and provides similar commands, so we discuss it here.  The timeline
shows all time-stamped items in a single Org-mode file (or the
selected part of it), in a @emph{time-sorted view}.  The main purpose of
this command is to give an overview over events in a project.

@table @kbd
@kindex C-c C-r
@item C-c C-r
Show a time-sorted view of the org file, with all time-stamped items.
When called with a @kbd{C-u} prefix, all unfinished TODO entries
(scheduled or not) are also listed under the current date.
@end table

@noindent
The commands available in the timeline buffer are listed in
@ref{Agenda commands}.

@node Agenda commands,  , Timeline, Agenda views
@section Commands in the agenda buffer
@cindex commands, in agenda buffer

Entries in the agenda buffer are linked back to the org file or diary
file where they originate.  You are not allowed to edit the agenda

Some commands can be executed with mouse clicks on agenda lines.  For
the other commands, the cursor needs to be in the desired line.

@table @kbd
@tsubheading{Motion}
@kindex n
@item n
Next line (same as @key{up}).
@kindex p
@item p

Toggle Logbook mode.  In Logbook mode, entries that where marked DONE while
logging was on (variable @code{org-log-done}) are shown in the agenda,
as are entries that have been clocked on that day.

@tsubheading{Change display}
@kindex o
@item o
Delete other windows.

@kindex w

@kindex .
@item .
Goto today.

@tsubheading{Remote editing}

@item 0-9
Digit argument.

@kindex t

@kindex X
@item X
Cancel the currently running clock.

@tsubheading{Calendar commands}
@kindex c
@item c
Open the Emacs calendar and move to the date at the agenda cursor.

@item c

Exit agenda, remove the agenda buffer and all buffers loaded by Emacs
for the compilation of the agenda.  Buffers created by the user to
visit org files will not be removed.

@end table

@node Embedded LaTeX, Exporting, Agenda views, Top
@chapter Embedded LaTeX
@cindex @TeX{} interpretation
@cindex La@TeX{} interpretation

* CDLaTeX mode::                Speed up entering of formulas
@end menu

@node Math symbols, Subscripts and Superscripts, Embedded LaTeX, Embedded LaTeX
@section Math symbols

You can use La@TeX{} macros to insert special symbols like @samp{\alpha}
to indicate the Greek letter, or @samp{\to} to indicate an arrow.
Completion for these macros is available, just type @samp{\} and maybe a
few letters, and press @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} to see possible completions.

into the proper syntax for HTML, for the above examples this is
@samp{α} and @samp{→}, respectively.

@node Subscripts and Superscripts, LaTeX fragments, Math symbols, Embedded LaTeX
@section Subscripts and Superscripts

Just like in La@TeX{}, @samp{^} and @samp{_} are used to indicate super-
and subscripts.  Again, these can be used without embedding them in
math-mode delimiters.  To increase the readability of ASCII text, it is
not necessary (but OK) to surround multi-character sub- and superscripts

During HTML export (@pxref{HTML export}), subscript and superscripts
are surrounded with @code{<sub>} and @code{<sup>} tags, respectively.

@node LaTeX fragments, Processing LaTeX fragments, Subscripts and Superscripts, Embedded LaTeX
@section LaTeX fragments

With symbols, sub- and superscripts, HTML is pretty much at its end when
it comes to representing mathematical formulas.  More complex
expressions need a dedicated formula processor.  To this end, Org-mode
can contain arbitrary La@TeX{} fragments.  It provides commands to
preview the typeset result of these fragments, and upon export to HTML,
all fragments will be converted to images and inlined into the HTML
document.  For this to work you need to be on a system with a working

can configure the option @code{org-format-latex-options} to deselect the
ones you do not wish to have interpreted by the La@TeX{} converter.

@node Processing LaTeX fragments, CDLaTeX mode, LaTeX fragments, Embedded LaTeX
@section Processing LaTeX fragments

La@TeX{} fragments can be processed to produce a preview images of the
typeset expressions:

@table @kbd

(setq org-export-with-LaTeX-fragments t)
@end lisp

@node CDLaTeX mode,  , Processing LaTeX fragments, Embedded LaTeX
@section Using CDLaTeX to enter math

CDLaTeX-mode is a minor mode that is normally used in combination with a
major LaTeX mode like AUCTeX in order to speed-up insertion of
environments and math templates.  Inside Org-mode, you can make use of
some of the features of cdlatex-mode.  You need to install

@node Publishing, Miscellaneous, Exporting, Top
@chapter Publishing
@cindex publishing

Org-mode includes@footnote{@file{org-publish.el} is not yet part of
emacs, so if you are using @file{org.el} as it comes with Emacs, you
need to download this file separately.  Also make sure org.el is at
least version 4.27.} a publishing management system
that allows you to configure automatic HTML conversion of
@emph{projects} composed of interlinked org files.  This system is
called @emph{org-publish}.  You can also configure org-publish to

@multitable @columnfractions 0.3 0.7
@item @code{:base-directory}
@tab Directory containing publishing source files
@item @code{:publishing-directory}
@tab Directory (possibly remote) where output files will be published.
@end multitable
@noindent

@node Selecting files, Publishing action, Sources and destinations, Configuration
@subsection Selecting files

to the publishing destination.  For non-Org-mode files, you need to
specify the publishing function.

@multitable @columnfractions 0.3 0.7
@item @code{:publishing-function}
@tab Function executing the publication of a file.
@end multitable

The function must accept two arguments: a property list containing at
least a @code{:publishing-directory} property, and the name of the file
to be published.  It should take the specified file, make the necessary

@table @kbd
@item C-c C-e c
Prompt for a specific project and publish all files that belong to it.
@item C-c C-e p
Publish the project containin the current file.
@item C-c C-e f
Publish only the current file.
@item C-c C-e a
Publish all projects.
@end table

@item
At the beginning of a headline, complete TODO keywords.
@item
After @samp{\}, complete @TeX{} symbols supported by the exporter.
@item
After @samp{*}, complete CamelCase versions of all headlines in the
buffer.
@item
After @samp{:}, complete tags used elsewhere in the buffer.
@item
After @samp{#+}, complete the special keywords like @samp{TYP_TODO} or
@samp{OPTIONS} which set file-specific options for Org-mode.  When the
option keyword is already complete, pressing @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} again
will insert example settings for this keyword.
@item
Elsewhere, complete dictionary words using ispell.
@end itemize
@end table

hidestars  @r{make all but one of the stars starting a headline invisible.}
showstars  @r{show all stars starting a headline}
odd        @r{allow only odd outline levels (1,3,...)}
oddeven    @r{allow all outline levels}
@end example
@item #+SEQ_TODO:   #+TYP_TODO:
These lines set the TODO keywords and their interpretation in the
current file.  The corresponding variables are @code{org-todo-keywords}
and @code{org-todo-interpretation}.
@item #+TAGS:  TAG1(c1) TAG2(c2)
These lines (several such lines are allowed) specify the legal tags in
this file, and (potentially) the corresponding @emph{fast tag selection}
keys.  The corresponding variable is @code{org-tag-alist}.
@item #+CATEGORY:
This line sets the category for the agenda file.  The category applies
for all subsequent lines until the next @samp{#+CATEGORY} line, or the
end of the file.
@item #+TBLFM:

@end table

@node The very busy C-c C-c key, Clean view, In-buffer settings, Miscellaneous
@section The very busy C-c C-c key
@kindex C-c C-c

The key @kbd{C-c C-c} has many purposes in org-mode, which are all
mentioned scattered throughout this manual.  One specific function of
this key is to add @emph{tags} to a headline (@pxref{Tags}).  In many
other circumstances it means something like @emph{Hey Org-mode, look

the entire table.
@item
If the cursor is inside a table created by the @file{table.el} package,
activate that table.
@item
If the current buffer is a remember buffer, close note and file it.
with a prefix argument, file it without further interaction to the default
location.
@item
If the cursor is on a @code{<<<target>>>}, update radio targets and
corresponding links in this buffer.
@item
If the cursor is in a plain list item with a checkbox, toggle the status

@menu
* Cooperation::                 Packages Org-mode cooperates with
* Conflicts::                   Packages that lead to conflicts
@end menu


@node Cooperation, Conflicts, Interaction, Interaction
@subsection Packages that Org-mode cooperates with

@table @asis

@section Third-party extensions for Org-mode

The following extensions for Org-mode have been written by other people:

@table @asis
@cindex @file{org-mouse.el}
@item @file{org-mouse.el} by Piotr Zielinski
This package implements extended mouse functionality for Org-mode.  It
allows you to cycle visibility and to edit the document structure with
the mouse.  Best of all, it provides a context-sensitive menu on
@key{mouse-3} that changes depending on the context of a mouse-click.
@file{org-mouse.el} is freely available at @url{http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~pz215/files/org-mouse.el}.
@cindex @file{org-publish.el}
@item @file{org-publish.el} by David O'Toole
This package provides facilities for publishing related sets of Org-mode
files together with linked files like images as a webpages.  It is
highly configurable and can be used for other publishing purposes as
well.  As of Org-mode version 4.30, @file{org-publish.el} is part of the
Org-mode distribution.  It is not yet part of Emacs, however, a delay
caused by the preparations for the 22.1 release.  In the mean time,
@file{org-publish.el} can be downloaded from David's site:
@url{http://dto.freeshell.org/e/org-publish.el}.
@cindex @file{org-blog.el}
@item @file{org-blog.el} by David O'Toole
A blogging plug-in for @file{org-publish.el}.@*
@url{http://dto.freeshell.org/notebook/OrgMode.html}.
@cindex @file{org-blogging.el}

@lisp
(defun org-dblock-write:block-update-time (params)
   (let ((fmt (or (plist-get params :format) "%d. %m. %Y")))
     (insert "Last block update at: "
	     (format-time-string fmt (current-time)))))
@end lisp

If you want to make sure that all dynamic blocks are always up-to-date,
you could add the function @code{org-update-all-dblocks} to a hook, for
example @code{before-save-hook}.  @code{org-update-all-dblocks} is
written in a way that is does nothing in buffers that are not in Org-mode.


@node History and Acknowledgments, Index, Extensions and Hacking, Top
@appendix History and Acknowledgments
@cindex acknowledgments
@cindex history
@cindex thanks

The beginnings of Org-mode go back to 2003.  It was borne out of
frustration over the user interface of the emacs outline-mode.  All I
wanted was to make working with an outline tree possible without having
to remember more than 10 commands just for hiding and unhiding parts of
the outline tree, and to allow to restructure a tree easily.  Visibility
cycling and structure editing were originally implemented in the package
@file{outline-magic.el}, but quickly moved to the more general
@file{org.el}.  TODO entries, basic time stamps, and table support were
added next, and highlight the two main goals that Org-mode still has
today:  To create a new, outline-based, plain text mode with innovative
and intuitive editing features, and to incorporate project planning
functionality directly into a notes file.

Since the first release, hundreds of emails to me or on
@code{emacs-orgmode@@gnu.org} have provided a constant stream of bug
reports, feedback, new ideas, and sometimes even patches and add-on
code.  Many thanks to everyone who has helped to improve this package.

calculations and improved XEmacs compatibility, in particular by porting
@file{nouline.el} to XEmacs.
@item
@i{Sacha Chua} suggested to copy some linking code from Planner.
@item
@i{Kees Dullemond} inspired the use of narrowed tabled columns.
@item
@i{Christian Egli} converted the documentation into TeXInfo format,
patched CSS formatting into the HTML exporter, and inspired the agenda.
@item
@i{Nic Ferrier} contributed mailcap and XOXO support.
@item
@i{Niels Giessen} had the idea to automatically archive DONE trees.
@item
@i{Bastien Guerry} provoded extensive feedback.
@item
@i{Kai Grossjohann} pointed out key-binding conflicts caused by
Org-mode.
@item
@i{Leon Liu} asked for embedded LaTeX and tested it.
@item
@i{Stefan Monnier} provided a patch to keep the Emacs-Lisp compiler
happy.

@i{Oliver Oppitz} suggested multi-state TODO items.
@item
@i{Scott Otterson} sparked the introduction of descriptive text for
links, among other things.
@item
@i{Pete Phillips} helped the development of the TAGS feature.
@item
@i{T.V. Raman} reported bugs and suggested improvements.
@item
@i{Matthias Rempe} (Oelde) provided ideas, Windows support, and quality
control.

@i{Kevin Rogers} contributed code to access VM files on remote hosts.
@item
@i{Frank Ruell} solved the mystery of the @code{keymapp nil} bug, a
conflict with @file{allout.el}.
@item
@i{Philip Rooke} created the Org-mode reference card and provided lots
of feedback.
@item
@i{Christian Schlauer} proposed angular brackets around links, among
other things.

Linking to VM/BBDB/GNUS was inspired by @i{Tom Shannon}'s
@file{organizer-mode.el}.
@item
@i{Daniel Sinder} came up with the idea of internal archiving by locking
subtrees.
@item
@i{David O'Toole} wrote @file{org-publish.el} and drafted the manual
chapter about publishing.
@item
@i{J@"urgen Vollmer} contributed code generating the table of contents

linking to GNUS.
@item
@i{Roland Winkler} requested additional keybindings to make Org-mode
work on a tty.
@item
@i{Piotr Zielinski} wrote @file{org-mouse.el} and showed how to follow
links with mouse-1.
@end itemize


@node Index, Key Index, History and Acknowledgments, Top
@unnumbered Index

@printindex cp

@node Key Index,  , Index, Top
@chapter Key Index

@printindex ky

@bye

73874:3d54d97a0181

\input texinfo
@c %**start of header
@setfilename ../info/org
@settitle Org Mode Manual

@set VERSION 4.54
@set DATE November 2006

@dircategory Emacs
@direntry
* Org Mode: (org).      outline-based notes management and organizer
@end direntry

@c Version and Contact Info
@set MAINTAINERSITE @uref{http://www.astro.uva.nl/~dominik/Tools/org/,maintainers webpage}
@set AUTHOR Carsten Dominik
@set MAINTAINER Carsten Dominik
@set MAINTAINEREMAIL @email{dominik at science dot uva dot nl}
@set MAINTAINERCONTACT @uref{mailto:dominik at science dot uva dot nl,contact the maintainer}
@c %**end of header
@finalout

@c Macro definitions

* Visibility cycling::          Show and hide, much simplified
* Motion::                      Jumping to other headlines
* Structure editing::           Changing sequence and level of headlines
* Archiving::                   Move done task trees to a different place
* Sparse trees::                Matches embedded in context
* Plain lists::                 Additional structure within an entry

Archiving

* ARCHIVE tag::                 Marking a tree as inactive
* Moving subtrees::             Moving a tree to an archive file

* Link format::                 How links in Org-mode are formatted
* Internal links::              Links to other places in the current file
* External links::              URL-like links to the world
* Handling links::              Creating, inserting and following
* Link abbreviations::          Shortcuts for writing complex links
* Search options::              Linking to a specific location
* Custom searches::             When the default search is not enough
* Remember::                    Org-trees store quick notes

Internal links

TODO items

* TODO basics::                 Marking and displaying TODO entries
* TODO extensions::             Workflow and assignments
* Priorities::                  Some things are more important than others
* Breaking down tasks::         Splitting a task into managable pieces
* Checkboxes::                  Tick-off lists

Extended use of TODO keywords

* Workflow states::             From TODO to DONE in steps
* TODO types::                  I do this, Fred the rest

Timestamps

* Time stamps::                 Assigning a time to a tree entry
* Creating timestamps::         Commands which insert timestamps
* Custom time format::          If you cannot work with the ISO format
* Progress logging::            Documenting when what work was done.

Creating timestamps

* The date/time prompt::        How org-mode helps you entring date and time

Progress Logging

* Closing items::               When was this entry marked DONE?
* Clocking work time::          When exactly did you work on this item?

* Agenda dispatcher::           Keyboard access to agenda views
* Weekly/Daily agenda::         The calendar page with current tasks
* Global TODO list::            All unfinished action items
* Matching headline tags::      Structured information with fine-tuned search
* Timeline::                    Time-sorted view for single file
* Presentation and sorting::    How agenda items are prepared for display
* Agenda commands::             Remote editing of org trees
* Custom agenda views::         Defining special searches and views

The weekly/daily agenda

* Calendar/Diary integration::  Integrating Anniversaries and more

Presentation and sorting

* Categories::                  Not all tasks are equal
* Time-of-day specifications::  How the agenda knows the time
* Sorting of agenda items::     The order of things

Custom agenda views

* Storing searches::            Type once, use often
* Block agenda::                All the stuff you need in a single buffer
* Setting Options::             Changing the rules
* Batch processing::            Agenda views from the command line

Embedded LaTeX

* Math symbols::                TeX macros for symbols and Greek letters
* Subscripts and Superscripts::  Simple syntax for raising/lowering text

printing and sharing of notes, an Org-mode file can be exported as a
structured ASCII file, as HTML, or (todo and agenda items only) as an
iCalendar file.  It can also serve as a publishing tool for a set of
linked webpages.

An important design aspect that distinguishes Org-mode from other
packages like Planner/Muse is that it encougages to store every piece of
information only once.  In Planner, you have project pages, day pages
and possibly other files, duplicating some information such as tasks.
In Org-mode, you only have notes files.  In your notes you mark entries
as tasks, label them with tags and timestamps.  All necessary lists like
a schedule for the day, the agenda for a meeting, tasks lists selected
by tags etc are created dynamically when you need them.

Org-mode keeps simple things simple.  When first fired up, it should
feel like a straightforward, easy to use outliner.  Complexity is not
imposed, but a large amount of functionality is available when you need
it.  Org-mode can be used on different levels and in different ways, for
example:

@r{@bullet{} as an outline extension with visibility cycling and structure editing}
@r{@bullet{} as an ASCII system and table editor for taking structured notes}
@r{@bullet{} as an ASCII table editor with spreadsheet-like capabilities}
@r{@bullet{} as a TODO list editor}
@r{@bullet{} as a full agenda and planner with deadlines and work scheduling}
@r{@bullet{} as an environment to implement David Allen's GTD system}
@r{@bullet{} as a simple hypertext system, with HTML export}
@r{@bullet{} as a publishing tool to create a set of interlinked webpages}
@end example

Org-mode's automatic, context sensitive table editor can be integrated
into any major mode by activating the minor Orgtbl-mode.

@cindex FAQ
There is a website for Org-mode which provides links to the newest
version of Org-mode, as well as additional information, frequently asked
questions (FAQ), links to tutorials etc.  This page is located at

For bug reports, please provide as much information as possible,
including the version information of Emacs (@kbd{C-h v emacs-version
@key{RET}}) and Org-mode (@kbd{C-h v org-version @key{RET}}), as well as
the Org-mode related setup in @file{.emacs}.  If an error occurs, a
backtrace can be very useful (see below on how to create one).  Often a
small example file helps, along with clear information about:

@enumerate
@item What exactly did you do?
@item What did you expect to happen?
@item What happened instead?
@end enumerate
@noindent Thank you for helping to improve this mode.

@subsubheading How to create a useful backtrace

@cindex backtrace of an error
If working with Org-mode produces an error with a message you don't
understand, you may have hit a bug.  The best way to report this is by
providing, in addition to what was mentioned above, a @emph{Backtrace}.
This is information from the built-in debugger about where and how the
error occurred.  Here is how to produce a useful backtrace:

@enumerate
@item
Start a fresh Emacs or XEmacs, and make sure that it will load the
original Lisp code in @file{org.el} instead of the compiled version in
@file{org.elc}.  The backtrace contains much more information if it is
produced with uncompiled code.  To do this, either rename @file{org.elc}
to something else before starting Emacs, or ask Emacs explicitly to load
@file{org.el} by using the command line
@example
emacs -l /path/to/org.el
@end example
@item
Go to the @code{Options} menu and select @code{Enter Debugger on Error}
(XEmacs has this option in the @code{Troubleshooting} sub-menu).
@item
Do whatever you have to do to hit the error.  Don't forget to to
document the steps you take.
@item
When you hit the error, a @file{*Backtrace*} buffer will appear on the
screen.  Safe this buffer to a file (for example using @kbd{C-x C-w} and
attach) it to your bug report.
@end enumerate

@node Document structure, Tables, Introduction, Top
@chapter Document Structure
@cindex document structure
@cindex structure of document

* Visibility cycling::          Show and hide, much simplified
* Motion::                      Jumping to other headlines
* Structure editing::           Changing sequence and level of headlines
* Archiving::                   Move done task trees to a different place
* Sparse trees::                Matches embedded in context
* Plain lists::                 Additional structure within an entry
@end menu

@node Outlines, Headlines, Document structure, Document structure
@section Outlines
@cindex outlines

@cindex show all, command
@kindex C-c C-a
@item C-c C-a
Show all.
@kindex C-c C-r
@item C-c C-r
Reveal context around point, showing the current entry, the following
heading and the hierarchy above.  Useful for working near a location
exposed by a sparse tree command (@pxref{Sparse trees}) or an agenda
command (@pxref{Agenda commands}).
@end table

When Emacs first visits an Org-mode file, the global state is set to
OVERVIEW, i.e. only the top level headlines are visible.  This can be
configured through the variable @code{org-startup-folded}, or on a

to get to the beginning of the next line.  When this command is used in
the middle of a line, the line is split and the rest of the line becomes
the new headline.  If the command is used at the beginning of a
headline, the new headline is created before the current line.  If at
the beginning of any other line, the content of that line is made the
new heading.  If the command is used at the end of a folded subtree
(i.e. behind the ellipses at the end of a headline), then a headline
like the current one will be inserted after the end of the subtree.
@kindex M-S-@key{RET}
@item M-S-@key{RET}
Insert new TODO entry with same level as current heading.
@kindex M-@key{left}
@item M-@key{left}

A headline that is marked with the ARCHIVE tag (@pxref{Tags}) stays at
its location in the outline tree, but behaves in the following way:
@itemize @minus
@item
It does not open when you attempt to do so with a visibility cycling
command (@pxref{Visibility cycling}).  You can force cycling archived
subtrees with @kbd{C-@key{TAB}}, or by setting the option
@code{org-cycle-open-archived-trees}.  Also normal outline commands like
@code{show-all} will open archived subtrees.
@item
During sparse tree construction (@pxref{Sparse trees}), matches in
archived subtrees are not exposed, unless you configure the option
@code{org-sparse-tree-open-archived-trees}.
@item

Archived trees are not exported (@pxref{Exporting}), only the headline
is.  Configure the details using the variable
@code{org-export-with-archived-trees}.
@end itemize

The following commands help managing the ARCHIVE tag:

@table @kbd
@kindex C-c C-x C-a
@item C-c C-x C-a
Toggle the ARCHIVE tag for the current headline.  When the tag is set,

Check if any direct children of the current headline should be archived.
To do this, each subtree is checked for open TODO entries.  If none are
found, the command offers to set the ARCHIVE tag for the child.  If the
cursor is @emph{not} on a headline when this command is invoked, the
level 1 trees will be checked.
@kindex C-@kbd{TAB}
@item C-@kbd{TAB}
Cycle a tree even if it is tagged with ARCHIVE.
@end table

@node Moving subtrees,  , ARCHIVE tag, Archiving
@subsection Moving subtrees
@cindex external archiving

If the match is in a headline, the headline is made visible.  If the
match is in the body of an entry, headline and body are made visible.
In order to provide minimal context, also the full hierarchy of
headlines above the match is shown, as well as the headline following
the match.  Each match is also highlighted; the highlights disappear
when the bufer is changes an editing command, or by pressing @kbd{C-c
C-c}.  When called with a @kbd{C-u} prefix argument, previous highlights
are kept, so several calls to this command can be stacked.
@end table
@noindent
For frequently used sparse trees of specific search strings, you can
use the variable @code{org-agenda-custom-commands} to define fast
keyboard access to specific sparse trees.  These commands will then be

of the document @footnote{This does not work under XEmacs, because
XEmacs uses selective display for outlining, not text properties.}.
Or you can use the command @kbd{C-c C-e v} to export only the visible
part of the document and print the resulting file.

@node Plain lists,  , Sparse trees, Document structure
@section Plain lists
@cindex plain lists
@cindex lists, plain
@cindex lists, ordered
@cindex ordered lists

Within an entry of the outline tree, hand-formatted lists can provide
additional structure.  They also provide a way to create lists of
checkboxes (@pxref{Checkboxes}).  Org-mode supports editing such lists,
and the HTML exporter (@pxref{Exporting}) does parse and format them.

Org-mode knows ordered and unordered lists.  Unordered list items start
with @samp{-}, @samp{+}, or @samp{*}@footnote{When using @samp{*} as a
bullet, lines must be indented or they will be seen as top-level
headlines.  Also, when you are hiding leading stars to get a clean

less.  For example:

@example
@group
** Lord of the Rings
   My favorite scenes are (in this order)
   1. The attack of the Rohirrim
   2. Eowyns fight with the witch king
      + this was already my favorite scene in the book
      + I really like Miranda Otto.
   3. Peter Jackson being shot by Legolas
       - on DVD only
      He makes a really funny face when it happens.
   But in the end, not individual scenes matter but the film as a whole.
@end group
@end example

Org-mode supports these lists by tuning filling and wrapping commands to
deal with them correctly@footnote{Org-mode only changes the filling

If there is a checkbox (@pxref{Checkboxes}) in the item line, toggle the
state of the checkbox.  Otherwise, if this is an ordered list, renumber
the ordered list at the cursor.
@end table

@node Tables, Hyperlinks, Document structure, Top
@chapter Tables
@cindex tables
@cindex editing tables

@samp{|-} is considered as a horizontal separator line and will be
expanded on the next re-align to span the whole table width.  So, to
create the above table, you would only type

@example
|Name|Phone|Age|
|-
@end example

@noindent and then press @key{TAB} to align the table and start filling in
fields.

@menu
* Link format::                 How links in Org-mode are formatted
* Internal links::              Links to other places in the current file
* External links::              URL-like links to the world
* Handling links::              Creating, inserting and following
* Link abbreviations::          Shortcuts for writing complex links
* Search options::              Linking to a specific location
* Custom searches::             When the default search is not enough
* Remember::                    Org-trees store quick notes
@end menu

@node Internal links, External links, Link format, Hyperlinks
@section Internal links
@cindex internal links
@cindex links, internal
@cindex CamelCase links
@cindex targets, for links

If the link does not look like a URL, it is considered to be internal in
the current file.  Links such as @samp{[[My Target]]} or @samp{[[My
Target][Find my target]]} lead to a text search in the current file.
The link can be followed with @kbd{C-c C-o} when the cursor is on the

* CamelCase links::             Activating CamelCase words as links
@end menu

@node Radio targets, CamelCase links, Internal links, Internal links
@subsection Radio targets
@cindex radio targets
@cindex targets, radio
@cindex links, radio targets

You can configure Org-mode to link any occurrences of certain target
names in normal text.  So without explicitly creating a link, the text
connects to the target radioing its position.  Radio targets are
enclosed by triple angular brackets.  For example, a target

@cindex completion, of CamelCase links
@cindex CamelCase links, completion of

Org-mode also supports CamelCase words as links.  This feature is not
turned on by default because of the inconsistencies this system suffers
from.  It is also possible that this feature will disappear entirely in
a future version of Org-mode.  To activate CamelCase words as links, you
need to customize the option @code{org-activate-links}.  A CamelCase
word then leads to a text search such that @samp{CamelCaseLink} is
equivalent to @samp{[[camel case link]]}.

@node External links, Handling links, Internal links, Hyperlinks
@section External links
@cindex links, external
@cindex external links

Org-mode also finds external links in the normal text and activates them
as links.  If spaces must be part of the link (for example in
@samp{bbdb:Richard Stallman}), or you need to remove ambiguities about the end of
the link, enclose them in angular brackets.

@node Handling links, Link abbreviations, External links, Hyperlinks
@section Handling links
@cindex links, handling

Org-mode provides methods to create a link in the correct syntax, to
insert it into an org-mode file, and to follow the link.

@table @kbd

On links, @kbd{mouse-2} will open the link just as @kbd{C-c C-o}
would.  Under Emacs 22, also @kbd{mouse-1} will follow a link.

@kindex mouse-3
@item mouse-3
Like @kbd{mouse-2}, but force file links to be opened with Emacs, and
internal links to be displayed in another window@footnote{See the
variable @code{org-display-internal-link-with-indirect-buffer}}.

@cindex mark ring
@kindex C-c %
@item C-c %
Push the current position onto the mark ring, to be able to return

commands following internal links, and by @kbd{C-c %}.  Using this
command several times in direct succession moves through a ring of
previously recorded positions.
@end table

@node Link abbreviations, Search options, Handling links, Hyperlinks
@section Link abbreviatons
@cindex link abbreviations
@cindex abbreviation, links

Long URLs can be cumbersome to type, and often many similar links are
needed in a document.  For this you can use link abbreviations.  An
abbreviated link looks like this

@example
[[linkword::tag][description]]
@end example

@noindent
where the tag is optional.  Such abbreviations are resolved according to
the information in the variable @code{org-link-abbrev-alist} that
relates the linkwords to replacement text.  Here is an example:

@lisp
@group
(setq org-link-abbrev-alist
  '(("bugzilla" . "http://10.1.2.9/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=")
    ("google"   . "http://www.google.com/search?q=")
    ("ads"      . "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/
                   nph-abs_connect?author=%s&db_key=AST")))
@end group
@end lisp

If the replacement text contains the string @samp{%s}, it will be
replaced with the tag.  Otherwise the tag will be appended to the string
in order to create the link.  You may also specify a function that will
be called with the tag as the only argument to create the link.

With the above setting, you could link to a specific bug with
@code{[[bugzilla::129]]}, search the web for OrgMode with
@code{[[google::OrgMode]]} and find out what the Org-mode author is
doing besides Emacs hacking with @code{[[ads::Dominik,C]]}.

If you need special abbreviations just for a single Org-mode buffer, you
can define them in the file with

@example
#+LINK: bugzilla  http://10.1.2.9/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=
#+LINK: google    http://www.google.com/search?q=%s
@end example

@noindent
In-buffer completion @pxref{Completion} can be used after @samp{[} to
complete link abbreviations.

@node Search options, Custom searches, Link abbreviations, Hyperlinks
@section Search options in file links
@cindex search option in file links
@cindex file links, searching

File links can contain additional information to make Emacs jump to a

@samp{[[find me]]} would.

@node Custom searches, Remember, Search options, Hyperlinks
@section Custom Searches
@cindex custom search strings
@cindex search strings, custom

The default mechanism for creating search strings and for doing the
actual search related to a file link may not work correctly in all
cases.  For example, BibTeX database files have many entries like
@samp{year="1993"} which would not result in good search strings,

@menu
* TODO basics::                 Marking and displaying TODO entries
* TODO extensions::             Workflow and assignments
* Priorities::                  Some things are more important than others
* Breaking down tasks::         Splitting a task into managable pieces
* Checkboxes::                  Tick-off lists
@end menu

@node TODO basics, TODO extensions, TODO items, TODO items
@section Basic TODO functionality

only one of the two aspects of TODO keywords can be used.  After
changing one of these lines, use @kbd{C-c C-c} with the cursor still
in the line to make the changes known to Org-mode@footnote{Org-mode
parses these lines only when Org-mode is activated after visiting a
file.  @kbd{C-c C-c} with the cursor in a line starting with @samp{#+}
is simply restarting Org-mode for the current buffer.}.

If you want to use very many keywords, for example when working with a
large group of people, you may split the names over several lines:

@example

#+TYP_TODO: Luis George Jules Jessica
#+TYP_TODO: Kim Arnold Peter
#+TYP_TODO: DONE
@end example

@node Priorities, Breaking down tasks, TODO extensions, TODO items
@section Priorities
@cindex priorities

If you use Org-mode extensively to organize your work, you may end up
with a number of TODO entries so large that you'd like to prioritize

Increase/decrease priority of current headline.  Note that these keys
are also used to modify time stamps (@pxref{Creating timestamps}).
Furthermore, these keys are also used by CUA-mode (@pxref{Conflicts}).
@end table

@node Breaking down tasks, Checkboxes, Priorities, TODO items
@section Breaking tasks down into subtasks
@cindex tasks, breaking down

It is often advisable to break down large tasks into smaller, managable
subtasks.  You can do this by creating an outline tree below a TODO
item, with detailed subtasks on the tree@footnote{To keep subtasks out
of the global TODO list, see the
@code{org-agenda-todo-list-sublevels}.}.  Another possibility is the use
of checkboxes to ideantify (a hierarchy of) a large number of subtasks
(@pxref{Checkboxes}).


@node Checkboxes,  , Breaking down tasks, TODO items
@section Checkboxes
@cindex checkboxes

Every item in a plain list (@pxref{Plain lists}) can be made a checkbox
by starting it with the string @samp{[ ]}.  This feature is similar to
TODO items (@pxref{TODO items}), but more lightweight.  Checkboxes are
not included into the global TODO list, so they are often great to split
a task into a number of simple steps.  Or you can use them in a shopping
list.  To toggle a checkbox, use @kbd{C-c C-c}, or try Piotr Zielinski's
@file{org-mouse.el}.  Here is an example of a checkbox list.

@example
* TODO Organize party [3/6]
  - call people [1/3]
    - [ ] Peter
    - [X] Sarah
    - [ ] Sam
  - [X] order food
  - [ ] think about what music to play
  - [X] talk to the neighbors
@end example

@cindex statistics, for checkboxes
@cindex checkbox statistics
The @samp{[3/6]} and @samp{[1/3]} in the first and second line are
cookies indicating how many checkboxes are present in this entry, and
how many of them have been checked off.  This can give you an idea on
how many checkboxes remain, even without opening a folded entry.  The
cookies can be placed into a headline or into (the first line of) a
plain list item. Each cookie covers all checkboxes structurally below
that headline/item.  You have to insert the cookie yourself by typing
either @samp{[/]} or @samp{[%]}.  In the first case you get an @samp{n
out of m} result, in the second case you get information about the
percentage of checkboxes checked (in the above example, this would be
@samp{[50%]} and @samp{[33%], respectively}).

@noindent The following commands work with checkboxes:

@table @kbd
@kindex C-c C-c
@item C-c C-c
Toggle checkbox at point.
@kindex C-c C-x C-b
@item C-c C-x C-b
Toggle checkbox at point.
@itemize @minus
@item
If there is an active region, toggle the first checkbox in the region
and set all remaining boxes to the same status as the first.  If you
want to toggle all boxes in the region independently, use a prefix
argument.
@item
If the cursor is in a headline, toggle checkboxes in the region between
this headline and the next (so @emph{not} the entire subtree).
@item
If no active region, just toggle the checkbox at point.
@end itemize
@kindex M-S-@key{RET}
@item M-S-@key{RET}
Insert a new item with a checkbox.
This works only if the cursor is already in a plain list item
(@pxref{Plain lists}).
@kindex C-c #
@item C-c #
Update the checkbox statistics in the current outline entry.  When
called with a @kbd{C-u} prefix, update the entire file.  Checkbox
statistic cookies are updated automatically if you toggle checkboxes
with @kbd{C-c C-c} and make new ones with @kbd{M-S-@key{RET}}.  If you
delete boxes or add/change them by hand, use this command to get things
back into synch.  Or simply toggle any checkbox twice with @kbd{C-c C-c}.
@end table

@node Timestamps, Tags, TODO items, Top
@chapter Timestamps
@cindex time stamps
@cindex date stamps

Items can be labeled with timestamps to make them useful for project
planning.

@menu
* Time stamps::                 Assigning a time to a tree entry
* Creating timestamps::         Commands which insert timestamps
* Custom time format::          If you cannot work with the ISO format
* Progress logging::            Documenting when what work was done.
@end menu


@node Time stamps, Creating timestamps, Timestamps, Timestamps

@cindex date stamps
@cindex deadlines
@cindex scheduling

A time stamp is a specification of a date (possibly with time) in a
special format, either @samp{<2003-09-16 Tue>} or @samp{<2003-09-16 Tue
09:39>}@footnote{This is the standard ISO date/time format.  If you
cannot get used to these, see @ref{Custom time format}}.  A time stamp
can appear anywhere in the headline or body of an org-tree entry.  Its
presence allows entries to be shown on specific dates in the agenda
(@pxref{Weekly/Daily agenda}).  We distinguish:

@table @var
@item Plain time stamp
@cindex timestamp
A simple time stamp just assigns a date/time to an item.  This is just
like writing down an appointment in a paper agenda, or like writing down
an event in a diary, when you want to take note of when something
happened.  In the timeline and agenda displays, the headline of an entry
associated with a plain time stamp will be shown exactly on that date.

@example
* Meet Peter at the movies <2006-11-01 Wed 19:15>
@end example

@item Inactive time stamp
@cindex timestamp, inactive
@cindex inactive timestamp
Just like a plain time stamp, but with square brackets instead of
angular ones.  These time stamps are inactive in the sense that thay do
@emph{not} trigger an entry to show up in the agenda.

@example
* Gillian comes late for the fifth time [2006-11-01 Wed]
@end example

@item Time stamp range
@cindex timerange
Two time stamps connected by @samp{--} denote a time range.  The
headline will be shown on the first and last day of the range, and on

items, time ranges preceded by the CLOCK keyword are inserted
automatically into the file.  The time stamps are enclosed in square
brackets instead of angular brackets.  @xref{Clocking work time}.
@end table

@node Creating timestamps, Custom time format, Time stamps, Timestamps
@section Creating timestamps
@cindex creating timestamps
@cindex timestamps, creating

For Org-mode to recognize time stamps, they need to be in the specific

timestamp in the current line, goto the corresponding date
instead.

@kindex C-c C-o
@item C-c C-o
Access the agenda for the date given by the time stamp or -range at
point (@pxref{Weekly/Daily agenda}).

@kindex C-c C-d
@item C-c C-d
Insert @samp{DEADLINE} keyword along with a stamp.  The insertion will
happen in the line directly following the headline.  

@kindex S-@key{up}
@kindex S-@key{down}
@item S-@key{up}
@itemx S-@key{down}
Change the item under the cursor in a timestamp.  The cursor can be on a
year, month, day, hour or minute.  Note that if the cursor is in a
headline and not at a time stamp, these same keys modify the priority of
an item.  (@pxref{Priorities}). The key bindings also conflict with
CUA-mode (@pxref{Conflicts}).


@kindex C-c C-y
@cindex evaluate time range
@item C-c C-y
Evaluate a time range by computing the difference between start and
end.  With prefix arg, insert result after the time range (in a table:
into the following column).
@end table


@menu
* The date/time prompt::        How org-mode helps you entring date and time
@end menu

@node The date/time prompt,  , Creating timestamps, Creating timestamps
@subsection The date/time prompt
@cindex date, reading in minibuffer
@cindex time, reading in minibuffer

When Org-mode prompts for a date/time, the prompt suggests to enter an
ISO date.  But it will in fact accept any string containing some date
and/or time information.  You can, for example, use @kbd{C-y} to paste a
(possibly multi-line) string copied from an email message.  Org-mode
will find whatever information is in there and will replace anything not
specified with the current date and time.  For example:

@example
  3-2-5         --> 2003-02-05
  feb 15        --> currentyear-02-15
  sep 12 9      --> 2009-09-12
  12:45         --> today 12:45
  22 sept 0:34  --> currentyear-09-22 0:34
  12            --> currentyear-currentmonth-12
  Fri           --> nearest Friday (today or later)
@end example

The function understands English month and weekday abbreviations.  If
you want to use unabbreviated names and/or other languages, configure
the variables @code{parse-time-months} and @code{parse-time-weekdays}.

@cindex calendar, for selecting date
Parallel to the minibuffer prompt, a calendar is popped up@footnote{If
you don't need/want the calendar, configure the variable
@code{org-popup-calendar-for-date-prompt}.}.  You can control the
calendar fully from the minibuffer:

@table @kbd
@kindex <
@item <
Scroll calendar backwards by one month.

@kindex M-S-@key{left}
@item M-S-@key{left}
One month back.
@kindex @key{RET}
@item @key{RET}
Choose date in calendar (only if nothing was typed into minibuffer).
@end table

@node Custom time format, Progress logging, Creating timestamps, Timestamps
@section Custom time format
@cindex custom date/time format
@cindex time format, custom
@cindex date format, custom

Org-mode uses the standard ISO notation for dates and times as it is
defined in ISO 8601.  If you cannot get used to this and require another
representation of date and time to keep you happy, you can get it by
customizing the variables @code{org-display-custom-times} and
@code{org-time-stamp-custom-formats}.

@table @kbd
@kindex C-c C-x C-t
@item C-c C-x C-t
Toggle the display of custom formats for dates and times.
@end table

@noindent
Org-mode needs the default format for scanning, so the custom date/time
format does not @emph{replace} the default format - instead it is put
@emph{over} the default format using text properties.  This has the
following consequences:
@itemize @bullet
@item 
You cannot place the cursor onto a time stamp anymore, only before or
after.
@item
The @kbd{S-@key{up}/@key{down}} keys can no longer be used to adjust
each component of a time stamp.  If the cursor is at the beginning of
the stamp, @kbd{S-@key{up}/@key{down}} will change the stamp by one day,
just like @kbd{S-@key{left}/@key{right}}.  At the end of the stamp, the
time will be changed by one minute.
@item
When you delete a time stamp character-by-character, it will only
disappear from the buffer after @emph{all} (invisible) characters
belonging to the ISO timestamp have been removed.
@item
If the custom time stamp format is longer than the default and you are
using dates in tables, table alignment will be messed up.  If the custom
format is shorter, things do work as expected.
@end itemize

@node Progress logging,  , Custom time format, Timestamps
@section Progress Logging
@cindex progress logging
@cindex logging, of progress

Org-mode can automatically record a time stamp when you mark a TODO item

If you turn the entry back into a TODO item again through further
state cycling, that line will be removed again.  In the timeline
(@pxref{Timeline}) and in the agenda (@pxref{Weekly/Daily agenda}),
you can then use the @kbd{l} key to display the TODO items closed on
each day, giving you an overview of what has been done on a day.
See the variable @code{org-log-done} for the possibility to record an
additional note together with a timestamp.

@node Clocking work time,  , Closing items, Progress logging
@subsection Clocking work time

Org-mode allows you to clock the time you spent on specific tasks in a

@kindex C-c C-x C-o
@item C-c C-x C-o
Stop the clock (clock-out).  The inserts another timestamp at the same
location where the clock was last started.  It also directly computes
the resulting time in inserts it after the time range as @samp{=>
HH:MM}.  See the variable @code{org-log-done} for the possibility to
record an additional note together with a the clock-out time stamp.
@kindex C-c C-y
@item C-c C-y
Recompute the time interval after changing one of the time stamps.  This
is only necessary if you edit the time stamps directly.  If you change
them with @kbd{S-@key{cursor}} keys, the update is automatic.

@item C-c C-x C-d
Display time summaries for each subtree in the current buffer.  This
puts overlays at the end of each headline, showing the total time
recorded under that heading, including the time of any subheadings. You
can use visibility cycling to study the tree, but the overlays disappear
when you change the buffer (see variable
@code{org-remove-highlights-with-change}) or press @kbd{C-c C-c}.
@kindex C-c C-x C-r
@item C-c C-x C-r
Insert a dynamic block (@pxref{Dynamic blocks}) containing a clock
report as an org-mode table into the current file.
@example

@end menu

@node Tag inheritance, Setting tags, Tags, Tags
@section Tag inheritance
@cindex inheritance, of tags
@cindex sublevels, inclusion into tags match

@i{Tags} make use of the hierarchical structure of outline trees.  If a
heading has a certain tag, all subheadings will inherit the tag as
well.  For example, in the list

@code{org-tags-match-list-sublevels}.

@node Setting tags, Tag searches, Tag inheritance, Tags
@section Setting tags
@cindex setting tags
@cindex tags, setting

@kindex M-@key{TAB}
Tags can simply be typed into the buffer at the end of a headline.
After a colon, @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} offers completion on tags.  There is
also a special command for inserting tags:

Org will support tag insertion based on a @emph{list of tags}.  By
default this list is constructed dynamically, containing all tags
currently used in the buffer.  You may also globally specify a hard list
of tags with the variable @code{org-tag-alist}.  Finally you can set
the default tags for a given file with lines like

@example
#+TAGS: @@WORK @@HOME @@TENNISCLUB
#+TAGS: Laptop Car PC Sailboat
@end example

If you have globally defined your preferred set of tags using the
variable @code{org-tag-alist}, but would like to use a dynamic tag list
in a specific file: Just add an empty TAGS option line to that file:

@example
#+TAGS:
@end example

The default support method for entering tags is minibuffer completion.
However, Org-mode also implements a much better method: @emph{fast tag
selection}.  This method allows to select and deselect tags with a
single key per tag.  To function efficiently, you should assign unique
keys to most tags.  This can be done globally with

@lisp
(setq org-tag-alist '(("@@WORK" . ?w) ("@@HOME" . ?h) ("Laptop" . ?l)))
@end lisp

these lines to activate any changes.

If at least one tag has a selection key, pressing @kbd{C-c C-c} will
automatically present you with a special interface, listing inherited
tags, the tags of the current headline, and a list of all legal tags
with corresponding keys@footnote{Keys will automatically be assigned to
tags which have no configured keys.}.  In this interface, you can use
the following keys:

@table @kbd
@item a-z...
Pressing keys assigned to tags will add or remove them from the list of
tags in the current line.  Selecting a tag in a group of mutually
exclusive tags will turn off any other tags from that group.
@kindex @key{TAB}
@item @key{TAB}
Enter a tag in the minibuffer, even if the tag is not in the predefined
list.  You will be able to complete on all tags present in the buffer.
@kindex @key{SPC}
@item @key{SPC}
Clear all tags for this line.
@kindex @key{RET}
@item @key{RET}
Accept the modified set.
@item C-g
Abort without installing changes.
@item q
If @kbd{q} is not assigned to a tag, it aborts like @kbd{C-g}.
@item !
Turn of groups of mutually exclusive tags.  Use this to (as an
exception) assign several tags from such a group.
@item C-c
Toggle auto-exit after the next change (see below).
@end table

@noindent
This method lets you assign tags to a headline with very few keys.  With
the above setup, you could clear the current tags and set @samp{@@HOME},
@samp{Laptop} and @samp{PC} tags with just the following keys: @kbd{C-c
C-c @key{SPC} h l p @key{RET}}.  Switching from @samp{@@HOME} to
@samp{@@WORK} would be done with @kbd{C-c C-c w @key{RET}} or
alternatively with @kbd{C-c C-c C-c w}.  Adding the non-predefined tag
@samp{Sarah} could be done with @kbd{C-c C-c @key{TAB} S a r a h
@key{RET} @key{RET}}.

If you find that most of the time, you need only a single keypress to
modify your list of tags, set the variable
@code{org-fast-tag-selection-single-key}.  Then you no longer have to
press @key{RET} to exit fast tag selection - it will immediately exit
after the first change.  If you then occasionally need more keys, press
@kbd{C-c} to turn off auto-exit for the current tag selection process.

@node Tag searches,  , Setting tags, Tags
@section Tag searches
@cindex tag searches
@cindex searching for tags

Once a tags system has been set up, it can be used to collect related
information into special lists.

@table @kbd

Create a global list of tag matches from all agenda files, but check
only TODO items and force checking subitems (see variable
@code{org-tags-match-list-sublevels}).
@end table

@cindex Boolean logic, for tag searches
A @i{tags} search string can use Boolean operators @samp{&} for AND and
@samp{|} for OR.  @samp{&} binds more strongly than @samp{|}.
Parenthesis are currently not implemented.  A tag may also be preceded
by @samp{-}, to select against it, and @samp{+} is syntactic sugar for
positive selection.  The AND operator @samp{&} is optional when @samp{+}
or @samp{-} is present.  Examples:

@table @samp
@item +WORK-BOSS
Select all headlines that are tagged @samp{:WORK:}, but discard those also tagged
@samp{:BOSS:}.
@item WORK|LAPTOP
Selects lines tagged @samp{:WORK:} or @samp{:LAPTOP:}.
@item WORK|LAPTOP&NIGHT
Like the previous example, but require  the @samp{:LAPTOP:} lines to be
tagged also @samp{NIGHT}.
@end table

@cindex TODO keyword matching, with tags search
If you are using multi-state TODO keywords (@pxref{TODO extensions}), it
can be useful to also match on the TODO keyword.  This can be done by
adding a condition after a slash to a tags match.  The syntax is similar
to the tag matches, but should be applied with consideration: For
example, a positive selection on several TODO keywords can not
meaningfully be combined with boolean AND.  However, @emph{negative
selection} combined with AND can be meaningful.  Examples:

@table @samp
@item WORK/WAITING
Select @samp{:WORK:}-tagged TODO lines with the specific TODO
keyword @samp{WAITING}.
@item WORK/-WAITING-NEXT
Select @samp{:WORK:}-tagged TODO lines that are neither @samp{WAITING}
nor @samp{NEXT}
@item WORK/+WAITING|+NEXT
Select @samp{:WORK:}-tagged TODO lines that are either @samp{WAITING} or
@samp{NEXT}.
@end table

@node Agenda views, Embedded LaTeX, Tags, Top
@chapter Agenda Views
@cindex agenda views

files.  To get an overview over open action items, or over events that
are important for a particular date, this information must be collected,
sorted and displayed in an organized way.

Org-mode can select items based on various criteria, and display them
in a separate buffer.  Five different view types are provided:

@itemize @bullet
@item
an @emph{agenda} that is like a calendar and shows information
for specific dates
@item
a @emph{TODO list} that covers all unfinished
action items,
@item
a @emph{tags view} that shows information based on
the tags associated with headlines in the outline tree,
@item
a @emph{timeline view} that shows all events in a single Org-mode file,
in time-sorted view
@item
@emph{custom views} that are special tag and keyword searches and
combinations of different views.
@end itemize

@noindent
The extracted information is displayed in a special @emph{agenda
buffer}.  This buffer is read-only, but provides commands to visit the
corresponding locations in the original Org-mode files, and even to
edit these files remotely.  

Two variables control how the agenda buffer is displayed and whether the
window configuration is restored when the agenda exits:
@code{org-agenda-window-setup} and
@code{org-agenda-restore-windows-after-quit}.

@menu
* Agenda files::                Files being searched for agenda information
* Agenda dispatcher::           Keyboard access to agenda views
* Weekly/Daily agenda::         The calendar page with current tasks
* Global TODO list::            All unfinished action items
* Matching headline tags::      Structured information with fine-tuned search
* Timeline::                    Time-sorted view for single file
* Presentation and sorting::    How agenda items are prepared for display
* Agenda commands::             Remote editing of org trees
* Custom agenda views::         Defining special searches and views
@end menu

@node Agenda files, Agenda dispatcher, Agenda views, Agenda views
@section Agenda files
@cindex agenda files
@cindex files for agenda

The information to be shown is collected from all @emph{agenda files},
the files listed in the variable @code{org-agenda-files}@footnote{If the
value of that variable is not a list, but a single file name, then the
list of agenda files will be maintained in that external file.}.  Thus even
if you only work with a single Org-mode file, this file should be put
into that list@footnote{When using the dispatcher, pressing @kbd{1}
before selecting a command will actually limit the command to the
current file, and ignore @code{org-agenda-files} until the next
dispatcher command.}.  You can customize @code{org-agenda-files}, but
the easiest way to maintain it is through the following commands

@node Agenda dispatcher, Weekly/Daily agenda, Agenda files, Agenda views
@section The agenda dispatcher
@cindex agenda dispatcher
@cindex dispatching agenda commands
The views are created through a dispatcher that should be bound to a
global key, for example @kbd{C-c a} (@pxref{Installation}).  In the
following we will assume that @kbd{C-c a} is indeed how the dispatcher
is accessed and list keyboard access to commands accordingly.  After
pressing @kbd{C-c a}, an additional letter is required to execute a

@item t / T
Create a list of all TODO items (@pxref{Global TODO list}).
@item m / M
Create a list of headlines matching a TAGS expression (@pxref{Matching
headline tags}).
@item L
Create the timeline view for the current buffer (@pxref{Timeline}).
@item 1
Restrict an agenda command to the current buffer.  After pressing
@kbd{1}, you still need to press the character selecting the command.
@item 0
If there is an active region, restrict the following agenda command to
the region.  Otherwise, restrict it to the current subtree.  After
pressing @kbd{0}, you still need to press the character selecting the
command.
@end table

You can also define custom commands that will be accessible through the
dispatcher, just like the default commands.  This includes the
possibility to create extended agenda buffers that contain several
blocks together, for example the weekly agenda, the global TODO list and
a number of special tags matches.  @xref{Custom agenda views}.

@node Weekly/Daily agenda, Global TODO list, Agenda dispatcher, Agenda views
@section The weekly/daily agenda
@cindex agenda
@cindex weekly agenda
@cindex daily agenda

The purpose of the weekly/daily @emph{agenda} is to act like a page of a
paper agenda, showing all the tasks for the current week or day.

@table @kbd
@cindex org-agenda, command
@kindex C-c a a
@item C-c a a

change the dates of deadlines and appointments from the agenda buffer.
The commands available in the Agenda buffer are listed in @ref{Agenda
commands}.

@menu
* Calendar/Diary integration::  Integrating Anniversaries and more
@end menu


@node Calendar/Diary integration,  , Weekly/Daily agenda, Weekly/Daily agenda
@subsection Calendar/Diary integration
@cindex calendar integration
@cindex diary integration

Emacs contains the calendar and diary by Edward M. Reingold.  The

well as the commands @kbd{S}, @kbd{M}, and @kbd{C} to display
Sunrise/Sunset times, show lunar phases and to convert to other
calendars, respectively.  @kbd{c} can be used to switch back and forth
between calendar and agenda.


@node Global TODO list, Matching headline tags, Weekly/Daily agenda, Agenda views
@section The global TODO list
@cindex global TODO list
@cindex TODO list, global

agenda files (@pxref{Agenda views}) into a single buffer.  The buffer is in
@code{agenda-mode}, so there are commands to examine and manipulate
the TODO entries directly from that buffer (@pxref{Agenda commands}).
@kindex C-c a T
@item C-c a T
@cindex TODO keyword matching
Like the above, but allows selection of a specific TODO keyword.  You can
also do this by specifying a prefix argument to @kbd{C-c a t}.  With a
@kbd{C-u} prefix you are prompted for a keyword.  With a numeric
prefix, the Nth keyword in @code{org-todo-keywords} is selected.
@kindex r
The @kbd{r} key in the agenda buffer regenerates it, and you can give
a prefix argument to this command to change the selected TODO keyword,
for example @kbd{3 r}.  If you often need a search for a specific
keyword, define a custom command for it (@pxref{Agenda dispatcher}).@*
Matching specific TODO keywords can also be done as part of a tags
search (@pxref{Tag searches}).
@end table

Remote editing of TODO items means that you can change the state of a
TODO entry with a single key press.  The commands available in the
TODO list are described in @ref{Agenda commands}.

@cindex sublevels, inclusion into todo list
Normally the global todo list simply shows all headlines with TODO
keywords.  This list can become very long.  There are two ways to keep
it more compact:
@itemize @minus
@item
Some people view a TODO item that has been @emph{scheduled} for

TODO items may have sublevels to break up the task into subtasks.  In
such cases it may be enough to list only the highest level TODO headline
and omit the sublevels from the global list.  Configure the variable
@code{org-agenda-todo-list-sublevels} to get this behavior.
@end itemize

@node Matching headline tags, Timeline, Global TODO list, Agenda views
@section Matching headline tags
@cindex matching, of tags
@cindex tags view

define a custom command for it (@pxref{Agenda dispatcher}).
@kindex C-c a M
@item C-c a M
Like @kbd{C-c a m}, but only select headlines that are also TODO items
and force checking subitems (see variable
@code{org-tags-match-list-sublevels}).  Matching specific todo keywords
together with a tags match is also possible, see @ref{Tag searches}.
@end table

The commands available in the tags list are described in @ref{Agenda
commands}.

@node Timeline, Presentation and sorting, Matching headline tags, Agenda views
@section Timeline for a single file
@cindex timeline, single file
@cindex time-sorted view

The timeline summarizes all time-stamped items from a single Org-mode
file in a @emph{time-sorted view}.  The main purpose of this command is
to give an overview over events in a project.

@table @kbd
@kindex C-a a L
@item C-c a L
Show a time-sorted view of the org file, with all time-stamped items.
When called with a @kbd{C-u} prefix, all unfinished TODO entries
(scheduled or not) are also listed under the current date.
@end table

@noindent
The commands available in the timeline buffer are listed in
@ref{Agenda commands}.


@node Presentation and sorting, Agenda commands, Timeline, Agenda views
@section Presentation and sorting
@cindex presentation, of agenda items

Before displaying items in an agenda view, Org-mode visually prepares
the items and sorts them.  Each item occupies a single line.  The line
starts with a @emph{prefix} that contains the @emph{category}
(@pxref{Categories}) of the item and other important information.  You can
customize the prefix using the option @code{org-agenda-prefix-format}.
The prefix is followed by a cleaned-up version of the outline headline
associated with the item.

@menu
* Categories::                  Not all tasks are equal
* Time-of-day specifications::  How the agenda knows the time
* Sorting of agenda items::     The order of things
@end menu

@node Categories, Time-of-day specifications, Presentation and sorting, Presentation and sorting
@subsection Categories

@cindex category
The category is a broad label assigned to each agenda item.  By default,
the category is simply derived from the file name, but you can also
specify it with a special line in the buffer, like this:

@example
#+CATEGORY: Thesis
@end example

If there are several such lines in a file, each specifies the category
for the text below it (but the first category also applies to any text
before the first CATEGORY line).  The display in the agenda buffer looks
best if the category is not longer than 10 characters.

@node Time-of-day specifications, Sorting of agenda items, Categories, Presentation and sorting
@subsection Time-of-Day Specifications
@cindex time-of-day specification

Org-mode checks each agenda item for a time-of-day specification.  The
time can be part of the time stamp that triggered inclusion into the
agenda, for example as in @w{@samp{<2005-05-10 Tue 19:00>}}.  Time
ranges can be specified with two time stamps, like
@c
@w{@samp{<2005-05-10 Tue 20:30>--<2005-05-10 Tue 22:15>}}.

In the headline of the entry itself, a time(range) may also appear as
plain text (like @samp{12:45} or a @samp{8:30-1pm}.  If the agenda
integrates the Emacs diary (@pxref{Calendar/Diary integration}), time
specifications in diary entries are recognized as well.

For agenda display, Org-mode extracts the time and displays it in a
standard 24 hour format as part of the prefix.  The example times in
the previous paragraphs would end up in the agenda like this:

@example
    8:30-13:00 Arthur Dent lies in front of the bulldozer
   12:45...... Ford Prefect arrives and takes Arthur to the pub
   19:00...... The Vogon reads his poem
   20:30-22:15 Marwin escorts the Hitchhikers to the bridge
@end example

@cindex time grid
If the agenda is in single-day mode, or for the display of today, the
timed entries are embedded in a time grid, like

@example
    8:00...... ------------------
    8:30-13:00 Arthur Dent lies in front of the bulldozer
   10:00...... ------------------
   12:00...... ------------------
   12:45...... Ford Prefect arrives and takes Arthur to the pub
   14:00...... ------------------
   16:00...... ------------------
   18:00...... ------------------
   19:00...... The Vogon reads his poem
   20:00...... ------------------
   20:30-22:15 Marwin escorts the Hitchhikers to the bridge
@end example

The time grid can be turned on and off with the variable
@code{org-agenda-use-time-grid}, and can be configured with
@code{org-agenda-time-grid}.

@node Sorting of agenda items,  , Time-of-day specifications, Presentation and sorting
@subsection Sorting of agenda items
@cindex sorting, of agenda items
@cindex priorities, of agenda items
Before being inserted into a view, the items are sorted.  How this is
done depends on the type of view.
@itemize @bullet
@item
For the daily/weekly agenda, the items for each day are sorted.  The
default order is to first collect all items containing an explicit
time-of-day specification.  These entries will be shown at the beginning
of the list, as a @emph{schedule} for the day.  After that, items remain
grouped in categories, in the sequence given by @code{org-agenda-files}.
Within each category, items are sorted by priority (@pxref{Priorities}),
which is composed of the base priority (2000 for priority @samp{A}, 1000
for @samp{B}, and 0 for @samp{C}), plus additional increments for
overdue scheduled or deadline items.
@item 
For the TODO list, items remain in the order of categories, but within
each category, sorting takes place according to priority
(@pxref{Priorities}).
@item
For tags matches, items are not sorted at all, but just appear in the
sequence in which they are found in the agenda files.
@end itemize

Sorting can be customized using the variable
@code{org-agenda-sorting-strategy}.


@node Agenda commands, Custom agenda views, Presentation and sorting, Agenda views
@section Commands in the agenda buffer
@cindex commands, in agenda buffer

Entries in the agenda buffer are linked back to the org file or diary
file where they originate.  You are not allowed to edit the agenda

Some commands can be executed with mouse clicks on agenda lines.  For
the other commands, the cursor needs to be in the desired line.

@table @kbd
@tsubheading{Motion}
@cindex motion commands in agenda
@kindex n
@item n
Next line (same as @key{up}).
@kindex p
@item p

Toggle Logbook mode.  In Logbook mode, entries that where marked DONE while
logging was on (variable @code{org-log-done}) are shown in the agenda,
as are entries that have been clocked on that day.

@tsubheading{Change display}
@cindex display changing, in agenda
@kindex o
@item o
Delete other windows.

@kindex w

@kindex .
@item .
Goto today.

@tsubheading{Remote editing}
@cindex remote editing, from agenda

@item 0-9
Digit argument.

@kindex t

@kindex X
@item X
Cancel the currently running clock.

@tsubheading{Calendar commands}
@cindex calendar commands, from agenda
@kindex c
@item c
Open the Emacs calendar and move to the date at the agenda cursor.

@item c

Exit agenda, remove the agenda buffer and all buffers loaded by Emacs
for the compilation of the agenda.  Buffers created by the user to
visit org files will not be removed.

@end table


@node Custom agenda views,  , Agenda commands, Agenda views
@section Custom agenda views
@cindex custom agenda views
@cindex agenda views, custom

Custom agenda commands serve two purposes: to store and quickly access
frequently used TODO and tags searches, and to create special composite
agenda buffers.  Custom agenda commands will be accessible through the
dispatcher (@pxref{Agenda dispatcher}), just like the default commands.

@menu
* Storing searches::            Type once, use often
* Block agenda::                All the stuff you need in a single buffer
* Setting Options::             Changing the rules
* Batch processing::            Agenda views from the command line
@end menu

@node Storing searches, Block agenda, Custom agenda views, Custom agenda views
@subsection Storing searches

The first application of custom searches is the definition of keyboard
shortcuts for frequently used searches, either creating an agenda
buffer, or a sparse tree (the latter covering of course only the current
buffer).
@kindex C-c a C
Custom commands are configured in the variable
@code{org-agenda-custom-commands}.  You can customize this variable, for
example by pressing @kbd{C-c a C}.  You can also directly set it with
Emacs Lisp in @file{.emacs}.  The following example contains all valid
search types:

@lisp
@group
(setq org-agenda-custom-commands
      '(("w" todo "WAITING")
        ("W" todo-tree "WAITING")
        ("u" tags "+BOSS-URGENT")
        ("v" tags-todo "+BOSS-URGENT")
        ("U" tags-tree "+BOSS-URGENT")
        ("f" occur-tree "\\<FIXME\\>")))
@end group
@end lisp

@noindent
The initial single-character string in each entry defines the character
you have to press after the dispatcher command @kbd{C-c a} in order to
access the command.   The second parameter is the search type, followed
by the string or regular expression to be used for the matching.  The
example above will therefore define:

@table @kbd
@item C-c a w
as a global search for TODO entries with @samp{WAITING} as the TODO
keyword
@item C-c a W
as the same search, but only in the current buffer and displaying the
results as a sparse tree
@item C-c a u
as a global tags search for headlines marked @samp{:BOSS:} but not
@samp{:URGENT:}
@item C-c a v
as the same search as @kbd{C-c a u}, but limiting the search to
headlines that are also TODO items
@item C-c a U
as the same search as @kbd{C-c a u}, but only in the current buffer and
displaying the result as a sparse tree
@item C-c a f
to create a sparse tree (again: current buffer only) with all entries
containing the word @samp{FIXME}.
@end table

@node Block agenda, Setting Options, Storing searches, Custom agenda views
@subsection Block agenda
@cindex block agenda
@cindex agenda, with block views

Another possibility is the construction of agenda views that comprise
the results of @emph{several} commands, each of which creates a block in
the agenda buffer.  The available commands include @code{agenda} for the
daily or weekly agenda (as created with @kbd{C-c a a}), @code{alltodo}
for the global todo list (as constructed with @kbd{C-c a t}), and the
matching commands discussed above: @code{todo}, @code{tags}, and
@code{tags-todo}.  Here are two examples:

@lisp
@group
(setq org-agenda-custom-commands
      '(("h" "Agenda and Home-related tasks"
         ((agenda)
          (tags-todo "HOME")
          (tags "GARDEN")))
        ("o" "Agenda and Office-related tasks"
         ((agenda)
          (tags-todo "WORK")
          (tags "OFFICE")))))
@end group
@end lisp

@noindent
This will define @kbd{C-c a h} to create a multi-block view for stuff
you need to attend to at home.  The resulting agenda buffer will contain
your agenda for the current week, all TODO items that carry the tag
@samp{HOME}, and also all lines tagged with @samp{GARDEN}.  Finally the
command @kbd{C-c a o} provides a similar view for office tasks.


@node Setting Options, Batch processing, Block agenda, Custom agenda views
@subsection Setting Options for custom commands
@cindex options, for custom agenda views

Org-mode contains a number of variables regulating agenda construction
and display.  The global variables define the behavior for all agenda
commands, including the custom commands.  However, if you want to change
some settings just for a single custom view, you can do so.  Setting
options requires inserting a list of variable names and values at the
right spot in @code{org-agenda-custom-commands}.  For example:

@lisp
@group
(setq org-agenda-custom-commands
      '(("w" todo "WAITING"
         ((org-agenda-sorting-strategy '(priority-down))
          (org-agenda-prefix-format "  Mixed: ")))
        ("U" tags-tree "+BOSS-URGENT"
         ((org-show-following-heading nil)
          (org-show-hierarchy-above nil)))))
@end group
@end lisp

@noindent
Now the @kbd{C-c a w} command will sort the collected entries only by
priority, and the prefix format is modified to just say @samp{  Mixed:}
instead of giving the category of the entry.  The sparse tags tree of
@kbd{C-c a U} will now turn out ultra-compact, because neither the
headline hierarchy above the match, nor the headline following the match
will be shown.

For command sets creating a block agenda,
@code{org-agenda-custom-commands} has two separate spots for setting
options.  You can add options that should be valid for just a single
command in the set, and options that should be valid for all commands in
the set.  The former are just added to the command entry, the latter
must come after the list of command entries.  Going back to the block
agenda example (@pxref{Block agenda}), let's change the sorting strategy
for the @kbd{C-c a h} commands to @code{priority-down}, but let's sort
the results for GARDEN tags query in the opposite order,
@code{priority-up}.  This would look like this:

@lisp
@group
(setq org-agenda-custom-commands
      '(("h" "Agenda and Home-related tasks"
         ((agenda)
          (tags-todo "HOME")
          (tags "GARDEN" ((org-agenda-sorting-strategy '(priority-up)))))
         ((org-agenda-sorting-strategy '(priority-down))))
        ("o" "Agenda and Office-related tasks"
         ((agenda)
          (tags-todo "WORK")
          (tags "OFFICE")))))
@end group
@end lisp

As you see, the values and parenthesis setting is a little complex.
When in doubt, use the customize interface to set this variable - it
fully supports its structure.  Just one caveat: When setting options in
this interface, the @emph{values} are just lisp expressions.  So if the
value is a string, you need to add the double quotes around the value
yourself.

@node Batch processing,  , Setting Options, Custom agenda views
@subsection Creating agenda views in batch processing
@cindex agenda, batch production

If you want to print or otherwise reprocess agenda views, it can be
useful to create an agenda from the command line.  This is the purpose
of the function @code{org-batch-agenda}.  It takes as a parameter one of
the strings that are the keys in @code{org-agenda-custom-commands}.  For
example, to directly print the current TODO list, you could use

@example
emacs -batch -l ~/.emacs -eval '(org-batch-agenda "t")' | lpr
@end example

@noindent
You may also modify parameters on the fly like this:

@example
emacs -batch -l ~/.emacs                                      \
   -eval '(org-batch-agenda "a"                               \
            org-agenda-ndays 300                              \
            org-agenda-include-diary nil                      \
            org-agenda-files (quote ("~/org/project.org")))'  \
   | lpr
@end example

@noindent
which will produce a 300 day agenda, fully restricted to the Org file
@file{~/org/projects.org}, not even including the diary.

@node Embedded LaTeX, Exporting, Agenda views, Top
@chapter Embedded LaTeX
@cindex @TeX{} interpretation
@cindex La@TeX{} interpretation

* CDLaTeX mode::                Speed up entering of formulas
@end menu

@node Math symbols, Subscripts and Superscripts, Embedded LaTeX, Embedded LaTeX
@section Math symbols
@cindex math symbols
@cindex TeX macros

You can use La@TeX{} macros to insert special symbols like @samp{\alpha}
to indicate the Greek letter, or @samp{\to} to indicate an arrow.
Completion for these macros is available, just type @samp{\} and maybe a
few letters, and press @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} to see possible completions.

into the proper syntax for HTML, for the above examples this is
@samp{α} and @samp{→}, respectively.

@node Subscripts and Superscripts, LaTeX fragments, Math symbols, Embedded LaTeX
@section Subscripts and Superscripts
@cindex subscript
@cindex superscript

Just like in La@TeX{}, @samp{^} and @samp{_} are used to indicate super-
and subscripts.  Again, these can be used without embedding them in
math-mode delimiters.  To increase the readability of ASCII text, it is
not necessary (but OK) to surround multi-character sub- and superscripts

During HTML export (@pxref{HTML export}), subscript and superscripts
are surrounded with @code{<sub>} and @code{<sup>} tags, respectively.

@node LaTeX fragments, Processing LaTeX fragments, Subscripts and Superscripts, Embedded LaTeX
@section LaTeX fragments
@cindex LaTeX fragments

With symbols, sub- and superscripts, HTML is pretty much at its end when
it comes to representing mathematical formulas@footnote{Yes, there is
MathML, but that is not yet fully supported by many browsers, and there
is no decent converter for turning LaTeX of ASCII representations of
formulas into MathML.  So for the time being, converting formulas into
images seems the way to go.}.  More complex
expressions need a dedicated formula processor.  To this end, Org-mode
can contain arbitrary La@TeX{} fragments.  It provides commands to
preview the typeset result of these fragments, and upon export to HTML,
all fragments will be converted to images and inlined into the HTML
document.  For this to work you need to be on a system with a working

can configure the option @code{org-format-latex-options} to deselect the
ones you do not wish to have interpreted by the La@TeX{} converter.

@node Processing LaTeX fragments, CDLaTeX mode, LaTeX fragments, Embedded LaTeX
@section Processing LaTeX fragments
@cindex LaTeX fragments, preview

La@TeX{} fragments can be processed to produce a preview images of the
typeset expressions:

@table @kbd

(setq org-export-with-LaTeX-fragments t)
@end lisp

@node CDLaTeX mode,  , Processing LaTeX fragments, Embedded LaTeX
@section Using CDLaTeX to enter math
@cindex CDLaTeX

CDLaTeX-mode is a minor mode that is normally used in combination with a
major LaTeX mode like AUCTeX in order to speed-up insertion of
environments and math templates.  Inside Org-mode, you can make use of
some of the features of cdlatex-mode.  You need to install

@node Publishing, Miscellaneous, Exporting, Top
@chapter Publishing
@cindex publishing

Org-mode includes@footnote{@file{org-publish.el} is not yet part of
Emacs, so if you are using @file{org.el} as it comes with Emacs, you
need to download this file separately.  Also make sure org.el is at
least version 4.27.} a publishing management system
that allows you to configure automatic HTML conversion of
@emph{projects} composed of interlinked org files.  This system is
called @emph{org-publish}.  You can also configure org-publish to

@multitable @columnfractions 0.3 0.7
@item @code{:base-directory}
@tab Directory containing publishing source files
@item @code{:publishing-directory}
@tab Directory (possibly remote) where output files will be published.
@item @code{:preparation-function}
@tab Function called before starting publishing process, for example to
run @code{make} for updating files to be published.
@end multitable
@noindent

@node Selecting files, Publishing action, Sources and destinations, Configuration
@subsection Selecting files

to the publishing destination.  For non-Org-mode files, you need to
specify the publishing function.

@multitable @columnfractions 0.3 0.7
@item @code{:publishing-function}
@tab Function executing the publication of a file.  This may also be a
list of functions, which will all be called in turn.
@end multitable

The function must accept two arguments: a property list containing at
least a @code{:publishing-directory} property, and the name of the file
to be published.  It should take the specified file, make the necessary

@table @kbd
@item C-c C-e c
Prompt for a specific project and publish all files that belong to it.
@item C-c C-e p
Publish the project containing the current file.
@item C-c C-e f
Publish only the current file.
@item C-c C-e a
Publish all projects.
@end table

@item
At the beginning of a headline, complete TODO keywords.
@item
After @samp{\}, complete @TeX{} symbols supported by the exporter.
@item
After @samp{*}, complete headlines in the current buffer so that they
can be used in search links like @samp{[[*find this headline]]}.
@item
After @samp{:}, complete tags.  The list of tags is taken from the
variable @code{org-tag-alist} (possibly set through the @samp{#+TAGS}
in-buffer option, @pxref{Setting tags}), or it is created dynamically
from all tags used in the current buffer.
@item
After @samp{[}, complete link abbreviations (@pxref{Link abbreviations}).
@item
After @samp{#+}, complete the special keywords like @samp{TYP_TODO} or
@samp{OPTIONS} which set file-specific options for Org-mode.  When the
option keyword is already complete, pressing @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} again
will insert example settings for this keyword.
@item
In the line after @samp{#+STARTUP: }, complete startup keywords,
i.e. valid keys for this line.
@item
Elsewhere, complete dictionary words using ispell.
@end itemize
@end table

hidestars  @r{make all but one of the stars starting a headline invisible.}
showstars  @r{show all stars starting a headline}
odd        @r{allow only odd outline levels (1,3,...)}
oddeven    @r{allow all outline levels}
@end example
To turn on custom format overlayes over time stamps (variables
@code{org-put-time-stamp-overlays} and
@code{org-time-stamp-overlay-formats}), use
@example
customtime @r{overlay custom time format}
@end example
@item #+SEQ_TODO:   #+TYP_TODO:
These lines set the TODO keywords and their interpretation in the
current file.  The corresponding variables are @code{org-todo-keywords}
and @code{org-todo-interpretation}.
@item #+TAGS:  TAG1(c1) TAG2(c2)
These lines (several such lines are allowed) specify the legal tags in
this file, and (potentially) the corresponding @emph{fast tag selection}
keys.  The corresponding variable is @code{org-tag-alist}.
@item #+LINK:  linkword replace
These lines (several are allowed) specify link abbreviations.
@xref{Link abbreviations}.  The corresponding variable is
@code{org-link-abbrev-alist}.
@item #+CATEGORY:
This line sets the category for the agenda file.  The category applies
for all subsequent lines until the next @samp{#+CATEGORY} line, or the
end of the file.
@item #+TBLFM:

@end table

@node The very busy C-c C-c key, Clean view, In-buffer settings, Miscellaneous
@section The very busy C-c C-c key
@kindex C-c C-c
@cindex C-c C-c, overview

The key @kbd{C-c C-c} has many purposes in org-mode, which are all
mentioned scattered throughout this manual.  One specific function of
this key is to add @emph{tags} to a headline (@pxref{Tags}).  In many
other circumstances it means something like @emph{Hey Org-mode, look

the entire table.
@item
If the cursor is inside a table created by the @file{table.el} package,
activate that table.
@item
If the current buffer is a remember buffer, close the note and file it.
With a prefix argument, file it, without further interaction, to the
default location.
@item
If the cursor is on a @code{<<<target>>>}, update radio targets and
corresponding links in this buffer.
@item
If the cursor is in a plain list item with a checkbox, toggle the status

@menu
* Cooperation::                 Packages Org-mode cooperates with
* Conflicts::                   Packages that lead to conflicts
@end menu

@node Cooperation, Conflicts, Interaction, Interaction
@subsection Packages that Org-mode cooperates with

@table @asis

@section Third-party extensions for Org-mode

The following extensions for Org-mode have been written by other people:

@table @asis
@cindex @file{org-publish.el}
@item @file{org-publish.el} by David O'Toole
This package provides facilities for publishing related sets of Org-mode
files together with linked files like images as a webpages.  It is
highly configurable and can be used for other publishing purposes as
well.  As of Org-mode version 4.30, @file{org-publish.el} is part of the
Org-mode distribution.  It is not yet part of Emacs, however, a delay
caused by the preparations for the 22.1 release.  In the mean time,
@file{org-publish.el} can be downloaded from David's site:
@url{http://dto.freeshell.org/e/org-publish.el}.
@cindex @file{org-mouse.el}
@item @file{org-mouse.el} by Piotr Zielinski
This package implements extended mouse functionality for Org-mode.  It
allows you to cycle visibility and to edit the document structure with
the mouse.  Best of all, it provides a context-sensitive menu on
@key{mouse-3} that changes depending on the context of a mouse-click.
As of Org-mode version 4.53, @file{org-mouse.el} is part of the
Org-mode distribution.  It is not yet part of Emacs, however, a delay
caused by the preparations for the 22.1 release.  In the mean time,
@file{org-mouse.el} can be downloaded from Piotr's site:
@url{http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~pz215/files/org-mouse.el}.
@cindex @file{org-blog.el}
@item @file{org-blog.el} by David O'Toole
A blogging plug-in for @file{org-publish.el}.@*
@url{http://dto.freeshell.org/notebook/OrgMode.html}.
@cindex @file{org-blogging.el}

@lisp
(defun org-dblock-write:block-update-time (params)
   (let ((fmt (or (plist-get params :format) "%d. %m. %Y")))
     (insert "Last block update at: "
             (format-time-string fmt (current-time)))))
@end lisp

If you want to make sure that all dynamic blocks are always up-to-date,
you could add the function @code{org-update-all-dblocks} to a hook, for
example @code{before-save-hook}.  @code{org-update-all-dblocks} is
written in a way that is does nothing in buffers that are not in Org-mode.

@node History and Acknowledgments, Index, Extensions and Hacking, Top
@appendix History and Acknowledgments
@cindex acknowledgments
@cindex history
@cindex thanks

Org-mode was borne in 2003, out of frustration over the user interface
of the Emacs outline-mode.  All I wanted was to make working with an
outline tree possible without having to remember more than 10 commands
just for hiding and unhiding parts of the outline tree, and to allow to
restructure a tree easily.  Visibility cycling and structure editing
were originally implemented in the package @file{outline-magic.el}, but
quickly moved to the more general @file{org.el}.  TODO entries, basic
time stamps, and table support were added next, and highlight the two
main goals that Org-mode still has today: To create a new,
outline-based, plain text mode with innovative and intuitive editing
features, and to incorporate project planning functionality directly
into a notes file.

Since the first release, hundreds of emails to me or on
@code{emacs-orgmode@@gnu.org} have provided a constant stream of bug
reports, feedback, new ideas, and sometimes even patches and add-on
code.  Many thanks to everyone who has helped to improve this package.

calculations and improved XEmacs compatibility, in particular by porting
@file{nouline.el} to XEmacs.
@item
@i{Sacha Chua} suggested to copy some linking code from Planner.
@item
@i{Eddward DeVilla} proposed and tested checkbox statistics.
@item
@i{Kees Dullemond} inspired the use of narrowed tabled columns.
@item
@i{Christian Egli} converted the documentation into TeXInfo format,
patched CSS formatting into the HTML exporter, and inspired the agenda.
@item
@i{Nic Ferrier} contributed mailcap and XOXO support.
@item
@i{Niels Giessen} had the idea to automatically archive DONE trees.
@item
@i{Bastien Guerry} provided extensive feedback.
@item
@i{Kai Grossjohann} pointed out key-binding conflicts with other packages.
@item
@i{Leon Liu} asked for embedded LaTeX and tested it.
@item
@i{Stefan Monnier} provided a patch to keep the Emacs-Lisp compiler
happy.

@i{Oliver Oppitz} suggested multi-state TODO items.
@item
@i{Scott Otterson} sparked the introduction of descriptive text for
links, among other things.
@item
@i{Pete Phillips} helped during the development of the TAGS feature, and
provided frequent feedback.
@item
@i{T.V. Raman} reported bugs and suggested improvements.
@item
@i{Matthias Rempe} (Oelde) provided ideas, Windows support, and quality
control.

@i{Kevin Rogers} contributed code to access VM files on remote hosts.
@item
@i{Frank Ruell} solved the mystery of the @code{keymapp nil} bug, a
conflict with @file{allout.el}.
@item
@i{Jason Riedy} sent a patch to fix a bug with export of TODO keywerds.
@item
@i{Philip Rooke} created the Org-mode reference card and provided lots
of feedback.
@item
@i{Christian Schlauer} proposed angular brackets around links, among
other things.

Linking to VM/BBDB/GNUS was inspired by @i{Tom Shannon}'s
@file{organizer-mode.el}.
@item
@i{Daniel Sinder} came up with the idea of internal archiving by locking
subtrees.
@item
@i{Dale Smith} proposed link abbreviations.
@item
@i{David O'Toole} wrote @file{org-publish.el} and drafted the manual
chapter about publishing.
@item
@i{J@"urgen Vollmer} contributed code generating the table of contents

linking to GNUS.
@item
@i{Roland Winkler} requested additional keybindings to make Org-mode
work on a tty.
@item
@i{Piotr Zielinski} wrote @file{org-mouse.el}, proposed angenda blocks
and contributed various ideas and code snippets.
@end itemize


@node Index, Key Index, History and Acknowledgments, Top
@unnumbered Index

@printindex cp

@node Key Index,  , Index, Top
@unnumbered Key Index

@printindex ky

@bye