comparison lispref/control.texi @ 60037:45e78cd94f23

(Combining Conditions): Wording cleanup. (Iteration): dolist and dotimes bind VAR locally. (Cleanups): Xref to Atomic Changes.

60036:fafa7c0e2b82

@noindent
Note that @code{(car foo)} is not executed if @code{(consp foo)} returns
@code{nil}, thus avoiding an error.

@code{and} can be expressed in terms of either @code{if} or @code{cond}.
For example:

@example
@group
(and @var{arg1} @var{arg2} @var{arg3})
@equiv{}

  The @code{dolist} and @code{dotimes} macros provide convenient ways to
write two common kinds of loops.

@defmac dolist (var list [result]) body@dots{}
@tindex dolist
This construct executes @var{body} once for each element of @var{list},
using the variable @var{var} to hold the current element.  Then it
returns the value of evaluating @var{result}, or @code{nil} if
@var{result} is omitted.  For example, here is how you could use
@code{dolist} to define the @code{reverse} function:

@example
(defun reverse (list)
  (let (value)
    (dolist (elt list value)

@end defmac

@defmac dotimes (var count [result]) body@dots{}
@tindex dotimes
This construct executes @var{body} once for each integer from 0
(inclusive) to @var{count} (exclusive), using the variable @var{var} to
hold the integer for the current iteration.  Then it returns the value
of evaluating @var{result}, or @code{nil} if @var{result} is omitted.
Here is an example of using @code{dotimes} to do something 100 times:

@example
(dotimes (i 100)

@node Cleanups
@subsection Cleaning Up from Nonlocal Exits

  The @code{unwind-protect} construct is essential whenever you
temporarily put a data structure in an inconsistent state; it permits
you to make the data consistent again in the event of an error or throw.

@defspec unwind-protect body-form cleanup-forms@dots{}
@cindex cleanup forms
@cindex protected forms
@cindex error cleanup

60037:45e78cd94f23

@noindent
Note that @code{(car foo)} is not executed if @code{(consp foo)} returns
@code{nil}, thus avoiding an error.

@code{and} expressions can also be written using either @code{if} or
@code{cond}.  Here's how:

@example
@group
(and @var{arg1} @var{arg2} @var{arg3})
@equiv{}

  The @code{dolist} and @code{dotimes} macros provide convenient ways to
write two common kinds of loops.

@defmac dolist (var list [result]) body@dots{}
@tindex dolist
This construct executes @var{body} once for each element of
@var{list}, binding the variable @var{var} locally to hold the current
element.  Then it returns the value of evaluating @var{result}, or
@code{nil} if @var{result} is omitted.  For example, here is how you
could use @code{dolist} to define the @code{reverse} function:

@example
(defun reverse (list)
  (let (value)
    (dolist (elt list value)

@end defmac

@defmac dotimes (var count [result]) body@dots{}
@tindex dotimes
This construct executes @var{body} once for each integer from 0
(inclusive) to @var{count} (exclusive), binding the variable @var{var}
to the integer for the current iteration.  Then it returns the value
of evaluating @var{result}, or @code{nil} if @var{result} is omitted.
Here is an example of using @code{dotimes} to do something 100 times:

@example
(dotimes (i 100)

@node Cleanups
@subsection Cleaning Up from Nonlocal Exits

  The @code{unwind-protect} construct is essential whenever you
temporarily put a data structure in an inconsistent state; it permits
you to make the data consistent again in the event of an error or
throw.  (Another more specific cleanup construct that is used only for
changes in buffer contents is the atomic change group; @ref{Atomic
Changes}.)

@defspec unwind-protect body-form cleanup-forms@dots{}
@cindex cleanup forms
@cindex protected forms
@cindex error cleanup