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25750:f1968a807f56

@c -*-texinfo-*-
@c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
@c Copyright (C) 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 
@c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.
@node Antinews, Index, Standard Hooks, Top
@appendix Emacs 19 Antinews

For those users who live backwards in time, here is information about
downgrading to Emacs version 19.34.  We hope you will enjoy the greater
simplicity that results from the absence of many Emacs 20 features.  In
the following section, we carry this information back as far as Emacs
19.29, for which the previous printed edition of this manual was made.

@section Old Lisp Features in Emacs 19

Here are the most important of the features that you will learn
to do without in Emacs 19:

@itemize @bullet
@item
In a great simplification, Emacs 19 supports ASCII characters only.
There are no multibyte characters, character sets, language
environments, coding systems, or input methods; all the functions that
specifically relate to them are gone as well.

Valid character codes for text must be in the range 0 through 255.
Within this range, there are no invalid character codes.

@item
The Custom facility has been replaced with a much simpler and more
general method of defining user option variables.  Instead of
@code{defcustom}, which requires you to specify each user option's data
type and classify options into groups, all you have to do is write a
@code{defvar}.  You should still start the documentation string with
@samp{*}, though.
@end itemize

Here are changes in the Lisp language itself:

@itemize @bullet
@item
Symbols whose names start with @samp{:} are no longer special
in any way.  They start out void, like most other symbols.

@item
The macros @code{when} and @code{unless} have been deleted.

@item
The functions @code{caar}, @code{cadr}, @code{cdar} and @code{cddr}
no longer exist.

@item
The function @code{functionp} is now gone.  If you don't know
by now whether something is a function, Emacs can't tell you.
@end itemize

Here are changes in handling strings and text.

@itemize @bullet
@item
The function @code{substring} works only on strings, not on vectors.

@item
There are no more character categories.

@item
When you compare strings with @code{equal}, it now compares
their string properties as well as their text.  All must match,
or the strings are not equal.

@item
@code{format-time-string} no longer supports specified field width
or specified padding.

@item
The functions @code{split-string} and @code{string} no longer exist.
Neither does @code{store-substring} or @code{sref}.

@item
All printing characters have the same width.  Therefore, we have deleted
@code{char-width}, @code{string-width} and
@code{truncate-string-to-width}.

@item
We have eliminated the functions @code{next-char-property-change} and
@code{previous-char-property-change} also.

@item
Syntax parsing now determines the syntax of each character from the
syntax table alone---not from text properties.  This makes the syntax
codes @samp{|} and @samp{!}, which were meant for use with text
properties, useless; so we have deleted them.

@item
In the function @code{parse-partial-sexp}, passing @code{syntax-table}
as the sixth argument @var{commentstop} no longer has any special meaning.
And the return value has only eight elements.
@end itemize

Here are changes in other areas of Emacs Lisp:

@itemize @bullet
@item
The macros @code{save-current-buffer}, @code{with-current-buffer},
@code{with-temp-buffer}, @code{with-temp-file}, @code{save-selected-window}, 
and @code{with-output-to-string} are gone.

@item
The easy-mmode facility for defining minor modes is gone too.

@item
Process filters and sentinels must explicitly save the match data, with
@code{save-match-data}, or they will clobber the match data and
something horrible will happen.

@item
As part of our effort to loosen up, @code{batch-byte-compile-file} no
longer returns a nonzero status code if there is a compilation error.

@item
The ``mail user agent'' feature is gone.

@item
We have removed the functions @code{add-to-invisibility-spec} and
@code{remove-from-invisibility-spec}, so you should manipulate
the value of @code{buffer-invisibility-spec} by hand.

@item
The functions @code{face-documentation}, @code{face-bold-p},
@code{face-italic-p}, @code{set-face-bold-p}, @code{set-face-italic-p}
are gone.  Instead, use @code{make-face-bold} and friends.

@item
All the functions that operate on a file now discard an extra redundant
directory name from the beginning of the file name---just like
@code{substitute-in-file-name}.

@item
We have got rid of the function @code{access-file}.

@item
Most of the minibuffer input functions no longer take a default value as
an argument.  Also, they do not discard text properties from the result.
This means that if you insert text with text properties into the minibuffer,
the minibuffer value really will contain text properties.

@item
Only the simple menu item format is supported (@pxref{Simple Menu Items}).

@item
You can still bind @code{x-resource-class} around a call to
@code{x-get-resource}, but it won't do anything special.

@item
Wave goodbye to the hooks @code{before-make-frame-hook},
@code{after-make-frame-functions}, and
@code{window-configuration-change-hook},

@item
The functions and variables that deal with MS Windows NT/95
have been renamed to start with @samp{win32-} instead of @samp{w32-}.
This is because we admire Microsoft more each day as we go back
into the past.
@end itemize

@section Onward into the Past!

Here we go even further back, as far as Emacs 19.29, for which the
previous printed edition of the Emacs Lisp manual was made.

@itemize @bullet
@item
There are no char-tables or bool-vectors.  Syntax tables, display
tables, and case tables are all vectors now, and the value of
@code{keyboard-translate-table} should be a vector or a string.

@item
There is only one kind of marker.  When you insert text at the place
where a marker points, the marker always ends up before that text,
unless you use @code{insert-before-markers}, which puts all the markers
after the inserted text.

@item
There is no function @code{overlays-in}.

@item
The variable @code{print-length} applies only to lists, not to
vectors or strings.

@item
The function @code{convert-standard-filename} no longer exists, so each
Lisp package must independently figure out which file names to use for
its initialization files on each kind of operating system.

@item
The macro @code{with-timeout} has been eliminated, along with the
function @code{y-or-n-p-with-timeout}.  Idle timers don't exist at all;
instead, maybe you can use @code{post-command-idle-hook} to do some of
the same job.

@item
The functions @code{keymap-parent} and @code{set-keymap-parent} are
gone.  We expect keymaps to recognize their own parents.

@item
When you delete text and then undo a deletion, markers that were
originally inside the deleted text end up either at the beginning
or the end of it---not back in their original places.

@item
The interactive specification @samp{N} is gone now.

@item
There is no more @code{safe-length}.  Don't try to be so safe!  Did you
expect to live forever?

@item
We got rid of @code{insert-file-contents-literally}, because
programmers are too literal-minded anyway.

@item
As part of our continuing effort to help Lisp programmers to relax, we
threw out the function @code{error-message-string}.  Don't worry so much
about errors!  We all make mistakes.

@item
The keymap @code{special-event-map} is gone, because Emacs has no more
special events.  If you want to hold a party in Emacs, please let us
know.

@item
You can't do date arithmetic with @code{encode-time} any more.

@item
The functions @code{command-execute} and @code{call-interactively} no
longer accept the optional argument @var{keys}.

@item
@code{get-buffer-window-list} is gone as well.

@item
With the function @code{replace-match}, you can only replace the whole
match, not a subexpression of it.

@item
We eliminated the hooks @code{buffer-access-fontify-functions},
@code{window-scroll-functions}, and @code{redisplay-end-trigger-functions}.
@end itemize

25751:467b88fab665

@c -*-texinfo-*-
@c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
@c Copyright (C) 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 
@c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.
@node Antinews, Index, Standard Hooks, Top
@appendix Emacs 20 Antinews

For those users who live backwards in time, here is information about
downgrading to Emacs version 20.4.  We hope you will enjoy the greater
simplicity that results from the absence of many Emacs 21 features.  In
the following section, we carry this information back to Emacs
20.3, for which the previous printed edition of this manual was made.

@section Old Lisp Features in Emacs 20

@itemize @bullet
@item
The @code{push} and @code{pop} macros are not defined.

@item
You can't display images in buffers.  (Emacs is meant for editing text.)
With no images, there are no display margins, and no tool bars.

@item
The @code{display} text property has no special meaning; you can use it
freely in Lisp programs, with no effects except what you implement for
yourself.  With no images, who needs the @code{display} text property?

@item
Faces have fewer attributes.  The attributes @code{:family},
@code{:height}, @code{:width}, @code{:weight}, and @code{:slant},
have been replaced with a font name, a ``bold'' flag, and an
``italic'' flag.

The attributes @code{:overline}, @code{:strike-through}
and @code{:box} have been eliminated too.

With fewer font attributes, there are no functions
@code{set-face-attribute} and @code{face-attribute}.  Instead, you
access these attributes using functions such as @code{face-font}, and
set them with functions such as @code{set-face-font}.  (These functions
were available in Emacs 21, but are not as useful there.)

@item
There are no facilities for playing sound.  This means Emacs will
respect your peace and quiet, aside from occasional beeps.

@item
Regular expressions do not support the POSIX character classes
such as @samp{[:alpha:]}.  All characters are created equal.

@item
Hash tables have been eliminated; use alists instead.

@item
The Lisp printer does not detect and report circular structure.  That is
ok, because the Lisp reader cannot recreate circular structure anyway.
However, there is a library @samp{cust-print.el} which can report
circular structure.

@item
Emacs provides its own implementation of scroll bars, instead
of using those of the X toolkit.  They always use the frame foreground
and background colors, so you cannot specify different colors for
the scroll bars.

@item
For simplicity, all ASCII characters now have the same height and width.
(Certain characters, such as Chinese characters, always have have twice
the standard width.)  All characters are created equal.

@item
Tooltips operate using ordinary Emacs frames.

@item
Areas of the mode line are not mouse-sensitive; however, some mouse
commands are available for the mode line as a whole.

@item
Windows cannot have header lines.  Conversely, there is no way to turn
off the mode line of a window unless it is a minibuffer.

@item
Plain dashes are the only separators you can use in a menu.

@item
Vertical fractional scrolling does not exist.

@item
The functions @code{format} and @code{message} ignore and discard text
properties.

@item
Colors are supported only on window systems, not on text-only terminals.
So the support functions for colors on text-only terminals are
not needed.

@item
The functions @code{color-values}, @code{color-defined-p} and
@code{defined-colors} have been renamed to @code{x-color-values},
@code{x-color-defined-p} and @code{x-defined-colors}.

@item
Windows cannot be made fixed-width or fixed-height;
Emacs will adjust the size of all windows when it needs to.

@item
The minibuffer prompt does not actually appear in content of the
minibuffer; it is displayed specially in the minibuffer window.

@item
The ``exclusive open'' feature of @code{write-region}
has been eliminated; any non-@code{nil} value for the seventh
argument now means to ask the user for confirmation.

@item
The function @code{buffer-size} always reports on the
current buffer.

@item
The function @code{assoc-delete-all} has itself been deleted. 
So there!

@item
The variable @code{small-temporary-file-directory} has no special
meaning.  There's only one variable for specifying which directory to
use for temporary files, @code{temporary-file-directory}, but not all
Emacs features use it anyway.  Some use the @code{TMP} environment
variable, and some use the @code{TMPDIR} environment variable.

@item
The variable  @code{inhibit-modification-hooks}
has no special meaning.

@item
The hook @code{fontification-functions} has been eliminated,
but there are other hooks, such as @code{window-scroll-functions},
that you can use to do a similar job.

@item
The variable  @code{redisplay-dont-pause}
has no special meaning.

@item
The hook @code{calendar-move-hook} has been deleted.

@item
The function @code{move-to-column} treats any non-@code{nil}
second argument just like @code{t}.
@end itemize

@section Old Lisp Features in Emacs 20.3

Here are the most important of the features that you will learn
to do without in Emacs 20.3:

Here are changes in the Lisp language itself:

@itemize @bullet
@item
The functions @code{line-beginning-position} and @code{line-end-position}
have been eliminated.

@item
The functions @code{directory-files-and-attributes},
@code{file-attributes-lessp}, and @code{file-expand-wildcards}, have
been eliminated.

@item
The functions @code{decode-coding-region} and @code{encode-coding-region}
leave text properties untouched, in case that is useful.  (It rarely makes
any sense, though.)

@item
The functions @code{position-bytes} and @code{byte-to-position} have
been eliminated.

@item
Temporary buffers made with @code{with-output-to-temp-buffer} are now
modifiable by default, and use Fundamental mode rather than Help mode.

@item
The functions @code{sref} interprets its @var{index} argument as a
number of bytes, not a number of characters.  And the function
@code{char-bytes} actually tries to report on the number of bytes that a
character occupies.

@item
The function @code{process-running-child-p} has been eliminated.

@item
The function @code{interrupt-process} and similar functions no longer do
anything special when the second argument is @code{lambda}.

@item
The function @code{define-prefix-command} accepts only two arguments.

@item
The meaning of the second argument to @code{read-char},
@code{read-event}, and @code{read-char-exclusive} has been reversed:
they use the current input method if the argument is if @code{nil}.

@item
The function @code{with-temp-message} has been eliminated. 

@item
The function @code{clear-this-command-keys} has been eliminated. 

@item
The functions @code{gap-position} and @code{gap-size} have been eliminated. 

@item
In @code{modify-face}, an argument of @code{(nil)} has no special
meaning.

@item
The base64 conversion functions have been eliminated.

@item
Wildcard support has been eliminated from @code{find-file}
and allied functions.

@item
@code{file-attributes} returns the file size and the file inode number
only as a simple integer.
@end itemize