comparison man/text.texi @ 90100:72cf6261961e

Revision: [e-mail]--gnu-2005/emacs--unicode--0--patch-11 Merge from emacs--cvs-trunk--0 Patches applied: * [e-mail]--gnu-2005/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-69 - [e-mail]--gnu-2005/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-71 Update from CVS * [e-mail]--gnu-2005/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-72 src/dispextern.h (xassert): Enable unconditionally. * [e-mail]--gnu-2005/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-73 - [e-mail]--gnu-2005/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-81 Update from CVS * [e-mail]--gnu-2005/emacs--cvs-trunk--0--patch-82 Merge from gnus--rel--5.10 * [e-mail]--gnu-2005/gnus--rel--5.10--patch-12 Merge from emacs--cvs-trunk--0 * [e-mail]--gnu-2005/gnus--rel--5.10--patch-13 Update from CVS

90099:fa9654493afb

@findex backward-sentence
@findex forward-sentence
  The commands @kbd{M-a} and @kbd{M-e} (@code{backward-sentence} and
@code{forward-sentence}) move to the beginning and end of the current
sentence, respectively.  They were chosen to resemble @kbd{C-a} and
@kbd{C-e}, which move to the beginning and end of a line.  Unlike them,
@kbd{M-a} and @kbd{M-e} if repeated or given numeric arguments move over
successive sentences.

  Moving backward over a sentence places point just before the first
character of the sentence; moving forward places point right after the
punctuation that ends the sentence.  Neither one moves over the
whitespace at the sentence boundary.

@example
"[.?!][]\"')]*\\($\\|\t\\| \\)[ \t\n]*"
@end example

@noindent
You should also set the variable @code{sentence-end-double-space} to
@code{nil} so that the fill commands expect and leave just one space at
the end of a sentence.  Note that this makes it impossible to
distinguish between periods that end sentences and those that indicate
abbreviations.

@node Paragraphs
@section Paragraphs
@cindex paragraphs
@cindex manipulating paragraphs

  @kbd{M-@{} moves to the beginning of the current or previous
paragraph, while @kbd{M-@}} moves to the end of the current or next
paragraph.  Blank lines and text-formatter command lines separate
paragraphs and are not considered part of any paragraph.  In Indented
Text mode, but not in Text mode, an indented line also starts a new
paragraph.  (If a paragraph is preceded by a blank line, these
commands treat that blank line as the beginning of the paragraph.)

  In major modes for programs, paragraphs begin and end only at blank
lines.  This makes the paragraph commands continue to be useful even
though there are no paragraphs per se.

editing outlines.  It allows you to make parts of the text temporarily
invisible so that you can see the outline structure.  Type @kbd{M-x
outline-mode} to switch to Outline mode as the major mode of the current
buffer.

  When Outline mode makes a line invisible, the line does not appear on
the screen.  The screen appears exactly as if the invisible line were
deleted, except that an ellipsis (three periods in a row) appears at the
end of the previous visible line (only one ellipsis no matter how many
invisible lines follow).

  Editing commands that operate on lines, such as @kbd{C-n} and
@kbd{C-p}, treat the text of the invisible line as part of the previous
visible line.  Killing the ellipsis at the end of a visible line
really kills all the following invisible lines.

* Format: Outline Format.	   What the text of an outline looks like.
* Motion: Outline Motion.	   Special commands for moving through
                                     outlines.
* Visibility: Outline Visibility.  Commands to control what is visible.
* Views: Outline Views.            Outlines and multiple views.
* Foldout::                        Folding editing.
@end menu

@node Outline Format
@subsection Format of Outlines

@subsection Hard and Soft Newlines
@cindex hard newline
@cindex soft newline
@cindex newlines, hard and soft

  In formatted text, Emacs distinguishes between two different kinds of
newlines, @dfn{hard} newlines and @dfn{soft} newlines.

  Hard newlines are used to separate paragraphs, or items in a list, or
anywhere that there should always be a line break regardless of the
margins.  The @key{RET} command (@code{newline}) and @kbd{C-o}
(@code{open-line}) insert hard newlines.

90100:72cf6261961e

@findex backward-sentence
@findex forward-sentence
  The commands @kbd{M-a} and @kbd{M-e} (@code{backward-sentence} and
@code{forward-sentence}) move to the beginning and end of the current
sentence, respectively.  They were chosen to resemble @kbd{C-a} and
@kbd{C-e}, which move to the beginning and end of a line.  Unlike
them, @kbd{M-a} and @kbd{M-e} move over successive sentences if
repeated.

  Moving backward over a sentence places point just before the first
character of the sentence; moving forward places point right after the
punctuation that ends the sentence.  Neither one moves over the
whitespace at the sentence boundary.

@example
"[.?!][]\"')]*\\($\\|\t\\| \\)[ \t\n]*"
@end example

@noindent
This is what setting the variable @code{sentence-end-double-space} to
@code{nil} automatically does.  But note that this makes it impossible
to distinguish between periods that end sentences and those that
indicate abbreviations.

@node Paragraphs
@section Paragraphs
@cindex paragraphs
@cindex manipulating paragraphs

  @kbd{M-@{} moves to the beginning of the current or previous
paragraph, while @kbd{M-@}} moves to the end of the current or next
paragraph.  Blank lines and text-formatter command lines separate
paragraphs and are not considered part of any paragraph.  In Indented
Text mode, but not in Text mode, an indented line also starts a new
paragraph.  If there is a blank line before the paragraph, @kbd{M-@{}
moves to the blank line, because that is convenient in practice.

  In major modes for programs, paragraphs begin and end only at blank
lines.  This makes the paragraph commands continue to be useful even
though there are no paragraphs per se.

editing outlines.  It allows you to make parts of the text temporarily
invisible so that you can see the outline structure.  Type @kbd{M-x
outline-mode} to switch to Outline mode as the major mode of the current
buffer.

  When Outline mode makes a line invisible, the line does not appear
on the screen.  The screen appears exactly as if the invisible line
were deleted, except that an ellipsis (three periods in a row) appears
at the end of the previous visible line.  (Multiple consecutive
invisible lines produce just one ellipsis.)

  Editing commands that operate on lines, such as @kbd{C-n} and
@kbd{C-p}, treat the text of the invisible line as part of the previous
visible line.  Killing the ellipsis at the end of a visible line
really kills all the following invisible lines.

* Format: Outline Format.	   What the text of an outline looks like.
* Motion: Outline Motion.	   Special commands for moving through
                                     outlines.
* Visibility: Outline Visibility.  Commands to control what is visible.
* Views: Outline Views.            Outlines and multiple views.
* Foldout::                        Folding means zooming in on outlines.
@end menu

@node Outline Format
@subsection Format of Outlines

@subsection Hard and Soft Newlines
@cindex hard newline
@cindex soft newline
@cindex newlines, hard and soft

@cindex use-hard-newlines
  In formatted text, Emacs distinguishes between two different kinds of
newlines, @dfn{hard} newlines and @dfn{soft} newlines.  (You can enable
or disable this feature separately in any  buffer with the command
@code{use-hard-newlines}.)

  Hard newlines are used to separate paragraphs, or items in a list, or
anywhere that there should always be a line break regardless of the
margins.  The @key{RET} command (@code{newline}) and @kbd{C-o}
(@code{open-line}) insert hard newlines.