Mercurial > emacs
comparison man/rmail.texi @ 36173:808e169709e6
New node Rmail Coding for the discussion of coding systems.
Clarify goto-address and fix errors.
Minor cleanups.
author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
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date | Sat, 17 Feb 2001 22:16:01 +0000 |
parents | 6b9d1a2fb28b |
children | 62cf166239f3 |
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36172:ee0309e95c9b | 36173:808e169709e6 |
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30 * Attrs: Rmail Attributes. Certain standard labels, called attributes. | 30 * Attrs: Rmail Attributes. Certain standard labels, called attributes. |
31 * Reply: Rmail Reply. Sending replies to messages you are viewing. | 31 * Reply: Rmail Reply. Sending replies to messages you are viewing. |
32 * Summary: Rmail Summary. Summaries show brief info on many messages. | 32 * Summary: Rmail Summary. Summaries show brief info on many messages. |
33 * Sort: Rmail Sorting. Sorting messages in Rmail. | 33 * Sort: Rmail Sorting. Sorting messages in Rmail. |
34 * Display: Rmail Display. How Rmail displays a message; customization. | 34 * Display: Rmail Display. How Rmail displays a message; customization. |
35 * Coding: Rmail Coding. How Rmail handles decoding character sets. | |
35 * Editing: Rmail Editing. Editing message text and headers in Rmail. | 36 * Editing: Rmail Editing. Editing message text and headers in Rmail. |
36 * Digest: Rmail Digest. Extracting the messages from a digest message. | 37 * Digest: Rmail Digest. Extracting the messages from a digest message. |
37 * Out of Rmail:: Converting an Rmail file to mailbox format. | 38 * Out of Rmail:: Converting an Rmail file to mailbox format. |
38 * Rot13: Rmail Rot13. Reading messages encoded in the rot13 code. | 39 * Rot13: Rmail Rot13. Reading messages encoded in the rot13 code. |
39 * Movemail: Movemail. More details of fetching new mail. | 40 * Movemail: Movemail. More details of fetching new mail. |
974 When the @kbd{t} command has a prefix argument, a positive argument | 975 When the @kbd{t} command has a prefix argument, a positive argument |
975 means to show the reformatted header, and a zero or negative argument | 976 means to show the reformatted header, and a zero or negative argument |
976 means to show the full header. | 977 means to show the full header. |
977 | 978 |
978 @vindex rmail-highlighted-headers | 979 @vindex rmail-highlighted-headers |
979 When used with a terminal that supports multiple fonts or colors, Rmail | 980 When the terminal supports multiple fonts or colors, Rmail |
980 highlights certain header fields that are especially interesting---by | 981 highlights certain header fields that are especially interesting---by |
981 default, the @samp{From} and @samp{Subject} fields. The variable | 982 default, the @samp{From} and @samp{Subject} fields. The variable |
982 @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} holds a regular expression that | 983 @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} holds a regular expression that |
983 specifies the header fields to highlight; if it matches the beginning of | 984 specifies the header fields to highlight; if it matches the beginning |
984 a header field, that whole field is highlighted. | 985 of a header field, that whole field is highlighted. |
985 | 986 |
986 If you specify unusual colors for your text foreground and background, | 987 If you specify unusual colors for your text foreground and background, |
987 the colors used for highlighting may not go well with them. If so, | 988 the colors used for highlighting may not go well with them. If so, |
988 specify different colors for the @code{highlight} face. That is worth | 989 specify different colors for the @code{highlight} face. That is worth |
989 doing because the @code{highlight} face is used for other kinds of | 990 doing because the @code{highlight} face is used for other kinds of |
990 highlighting as well. @xref{Faces}, for how to do this. | 991 highlighting as well. @xref{Faces}, for how to do this. |
991 | 992 |
992 To turn off highlighting entirely in Rmail, set | 993 To turn off highlighting entirely in Rmail, set |
993 @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} to @code{nil}. | 994 @code{rmail-highlighted-headers} to @code{nil}. |
994 | 995 |
995 @findex goto-addr | 996 You can highlight and activate URLs in incoming messages by adding |
996 URLs in messages may be highlighted and activated for following with the | 997 the function @code{goto-address} to the hook |
997 mouse or keyboard by customizing the hook @code{rmail-show-message-hook} | 998 @code{rmail-show-message-hook}. Then you can browse these URLs by |
998 to add @code{goto-addr}. | 999 clicking on them with @kbd{Mouse-2} or by moving to one and typing |
1000 @kbd{C-c @key{RET}}. @xref{Goto-address}. | |
1001 | |
1002 @node Rmail Coding | |
1003 @section Rmail and Coding Systems | |
999 | 1004 |
1000 @cindex decoding mail messages (Rmail) | 1005 @cindex decoding mail messages (Rmail) |
1001 Rmail automatically decodes messages which contain non-@sc{ascii} | 1006 Rmail automatically decodes messages which contain non-@sc{ascii} |
1002 characters, like it does with visited files and output from | 1007 characters, just as it does with files you visit and with and |
1003 subprocesses. Rmail uses the standard ``charset=@var{encoding}'' | 1008 subprocess output. Rmail uses the standard |
1004 header in the message to find out how was the message encoded by the | 1009 @samp{charset=@var{charset}} header in the message to determine how |
1005 sender. It then maps @var{encoding} into the corresponding coding | 1010 the was message encoded by the sender. It maps @var{charset} into the |
1006 system (@pxref{Coding Systems}), and uses that coding system to decode | 1011 corresponding Emacs coding system (@pxref{Coding Systems}), and uses |
1007 message text. If the message header doesn't have the charset | 1012 that coding system to decode message text. If the message header |
1008 specification, or if the @var{encoding} it specifies is not recognized | 1013 doesn't have the charset specification, or if the @var{charset} it |
1009 by Emacs, Rmail attempts to detect the encoding by applying the usual | 1014 specifies is not recognized, Rmail chooses the coding system with the |
1010 heuristics and defaults (@pxref{Recognize Coding}). | 1015 usual Emacs heuristics and defaults (@pxref{Recognize Coding}). |
1016 | |
1017 @cindex fixing incorrectly decoded mail messages | |
1018 Occasionally, a message is decoded incorrectly, either because Emacs | |
1019 guessed the wrong coding system in the absence of the @samp{charset} | |
1020 specification, or because the specification was inaccurate. For | |
1021 example, a misconfigured mailer could send a message with a | |
1022 @samp{charset=iso-8859-1} header when the message is actually encoded | |
1023 in @code{koi8-r}. When you see the message text garbled, or some of | |
1024 its characters displayed as empty boxes, this may have happened. | |
1011 | 1025 |
1012 @findex rmail-redecode-body | 1026 @findex rmail-redecode-body |
1013 @cindex fixing incorrectly decoded mail messages | 1027 You can correct the problem by decoding the message again using the |
1014 Occasionally, a message might be decoded incorrectly, either because | 1028 right coding system, if you can figure out or guess which one is |
1015 Emacs failed to guess the encoding in the absence of the ``charset'' | 1029 right. To do this, invoke the @kbd{M-x rmail-redecode-body} command. |
1016 specification, or because the ``charset'' specification was wrong. | 1030 It reads the name of a coding system, encodes the message body using |
1017 For example, a misconfigured mailer could send a message with a | 1031 whichever coding system was used to decode it before, then redecodes |
1018 ``charset=iso-8859-1'' header whereas the mssage is encoded in koi8-r. | 1032 it using the coding system you specified. If you specified the right |
1019 Whenever you see a message text garbled or some of its characters | 1033 coding system, the result should be readable. |
1020 displayed as empty boxes, you can try to fix that by decoding the | 1034 |
1021 message again using a specific coding system. (This requires that you | 1035 Decoding and encoding using the wrong coding system is lossless for |
1022 guess the correct encoding, or talk to the sender and ask them.) To | 1036 most encodings, in particular with 8-bit encodings such as iso-8859 or |
1023 that end, invoke the @code{rmail-redecode-body} command. It prompts | |
1024 for a name of a coding system and then redecodes the message body | |
1025 using that coding system. | |
1026 | |
1027 Redecoding the message body is a lossless operation with most | |
1028 encodings, in particular with 8-bit encodings such as iso-8859 or | |
1029 koi8. So, if the initial attempt to redecode the message didn't | 1037 koi8. So, if the initial attempt to redecode the message didn't |
1030 result in a legible text, you could try other possible encodings, | 1038 result in a legible text, you can try other coding systems until you |
1031 until you succeed. | 1039 succeed. |
1032 | 1040 |
1033 With some encodings, notably those from the iso-2022 family, | 1041 With some coding systems, notably those from the iso-2022 family, |
1034 @code{rmail-redecode-body} might fail to recover the original form of | 1042 information can be lost in decoding, so that encoding the message |
1035 the message. However, such encodings rarely cause the kind of trouble | 1043 again won't bring back the original incoming text. In such a case, |
1036 for which @code{rmail-redecode-body} is intended to be used. | 1044 @code{rmail-redecode-body} cannot work. However, the problems that |
1045 call for use of @code{rmail-redecode-body} rarely occur with those | |
1046 coding systems. So in practice the command works when you need it. | |
1037 | 1047 |
1038 @node Rmail Editing | 1048 @node Rmail Editing |
1039 @section Editing Within a Message | 1049 @section Editing Within a Message |
1040 | 1050 |
1041 Most of the usual Emacs commands are available in Rmail mode, though a | 1051 Most of the usual Emacs commands are available in Rmail mode, though a |