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Merge from emacs--devo--0
Patches applied:
* emacs--devo--0 (patch 285-296)
- Update from CVS
- Merge from gnus--rel--5.10
- Update from CVS: admin/FOR-RELEASE: Update refcard section.
* gnus--rel--5.10 (patch 102-104)
- Update from CVS
Revision: emacs@sv.gnu.org/emacs--unicode--0--patch-64
author | Miles Bader <miles@gnu.org> |
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date | Wed, 07 Jun 2006 18:05:10 +0000 |
parents | 25fa0038a52d |
children | 0259a1711394 |
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1 GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes. 2006-05-31 | |
2 Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2006 | |
3 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
4 See the end for copying conditions. | |
5 | |
6 This file is about changes in emacs version 21. | |
7 | |
8 | |
9 | |
10 * Emacs 21.4 is a bug-fix release with no user-visible changes. | |
11 | |
12 | |
13 | |
14 * Installation changes in Emacs 21.3 | |
15 | |
16 ** Support for GNU/Linux on little-endian MIPS and on IBM S390 has | |
17 been added. | |
18 | |
19 | |
20 * Changes in Emacs 21.3 | |
21 | |
22 ** The obsolete C mode (c-mode.el) has been removed to avoid problems | |
23 with Custom. | |
24 | |
25 ** UTF-16 coding systems are available, encoding the same characters | |
26 as mule-utf-8. | |
27 | |
28 ** There is a new language environment for UTF-8 (set up automatically | |
29 in UTF-8 locales). | |
30 | |
31 ** Translation tables are available between equivalent characters in | |
32 different Emacs charsets -- for instance `e with acute' coming from the | |
33 Latin-1 and Latin-2 charsets. User options `unify-8859-on-encoding-mode' | |
34 and `unify-8859-on-decoding-mode' respectively turn on translation | |
35 between ISO 8859 character sets (`unification') on encoding | |
36 (e.g. writing a file) and decoding (e.g. reading a file). Note that | |
37 `unify-8859-on-encoding-mode' is useful and safe, but | |
38 `unify-8859-on-decoding-mode' can cause text to change when you read | |
39 it and write it out again without edits, so it is not generally advisable. | |
40 By default `unify-8859-on-encoding-mode' is turned on. | |
41 | |
42 ** In Emacs running on the X window system, the default value of | |
43 `selection-coding-system' is now `compound-text-with-extensions'. | |
44 | |
45 If you want the old behavior, set selection-coding-system to | |
46 compound-text, which may be significantly more efficient. Using | |
47 compound-text-with-extensions seems to be necessary only for decoding | |
48 text from applications under XFree86 4.2, whose behavior is actually | |
49 contrary to the compound text specification. | |
50 | |
51 | |
52 | |
53 * Installation changes in Emacs 21.2 | |
54 | |
55 ** Support for BSD/OS 5.0 has been added. | |
56 | |
57 ** Support for AIX 5.1 was added. | |
58 | |
59 | |
60 * Changes in Emacs 21.2 | |
61 | |
62 ** Emacs now supports compound-text extended segments in X selections. | |
63 | |
64 X applications can use `extended segments' to encode characters in | |
65 compound text that belong to character sets which are not part of the | |
66 list of approved standard encodings for X, e.g. Big5. To paste | |
67 selections with such characters into Emacs, use the new coding system | |
68 compound-text-with-extensions as the value of selection-coding-system. | |
69 | |
70 ** The default values of `tooltip-delay' and `tooltip-hide-delay' | |
71 were changed. | |
72 | |
73 ** On terminals whose erase-char is ^H (Backspace), Emacs | |
74 now uses normal-erase-is-backspace-mode. | |
75 | |
76 ** When the *scratch* buffer is recreated, its mode is set from | |
77 initial-major-mode, which normally is lisp-interaction-mode, | |
78 instead of using default-major-mode. | |
79 | |
80 ** The new option `Info-scroll-prefer-subnodes' causes Info to behave | |
81 like the stand-alone Info reader (from the GNU Texinfo package) as far | |
82 as motion between nodes and their subnodes is concerned. If it is t | |
83 (the default), Emacs behaves as before when you type SPC in a menu: it | |
84 visits the subnode pointed to by the first menu entry. If this option | |
85 is nil, SPC scrolls to the end of the current node, and only then goes | |
86 to the first menu item, like the stand-alone reader does. | |
87 | |
88 This change was already in Emacs 21.1, but wasn't advertised in the | |
89 NEWS. | |
90 | |
91 | |
92 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 21.2 | |
93 | |
94 ** The meanings of scroll-up-aggressively and scroll-down-aggressively | |
95 have been interchanged, so that the former now controls scrolling up, | |
96 and the latter now controls scrolling down. | |
97 | |
98 ** The variable `compilation-parse-errors-filename-function' can | |
99 be used to transform filenames found in compilation output. | |
100 | |
101 | |
102 | |
103 * Installation Changes in Emacs 21.1 | |
104 | |
105 See the INSTALL file for information on installing extra libraries and | |
106 fonts to take advantage of the new graphical features and extra | |
107 charsets in this release. | |
108 | |
109 ** Support for GNU/Linux on IA64 machines has been added. | |
110 | |
111 ** Support for LynxOS has been added. | |
112 | |
113 ** There are new configure options associated with the support for | |
114 images and toolkit scrollbars. Use the --help option in `configure' | |
115 to list them. | |
116 | |
117 ** You can build a 64-bit Emacs for SPARC/Solaris systems which | |
118 support 64-bit executables and also on Irix 6.5. This increases the | |
119 maximum buffer size. See etc/MACHINES for instructions. Changes to | |
120 build on other 64-bit systems should be straightforward modulo any | |
121 necessary changes to unexec. | |
122 | |
123 ** There is a new configure option `--disable-largefile' to omit | |
124 Unix-98-style support for large files if that is available. | |
125 | |
126 ** There is a new configure option `--without-xim' that instructs | |
127 Emacs to not use X Input Methods (XIM), if these are available. | |
128 | |
129 ** `movemail' defaults to supporting POP. You can turn this off using | |
130 the --without-pop configure option, should that be necessary. | |
131 | |
132 ** This version can be built for the Macintosh, but does not implement | |
133 all of the new display features described below. The port currently | |
134 lacks unexec, asynchronous processes, and networking support. See the | |
135 "Emacs and the Mac OS" appendix in the Emacs manual, for the | |
136 description of aspects specific to the Mac. | |
137 | |
138 ** Note that the MS-Windows port does not yet implement various of the | |
139 new display features described below. | |
140 | |
141 | |
142 * Changes in Emacs 21.1 | |
143 | |
144 ** Emacs has a new redisplay engine. | |
145 | |
146 The new redisplay handles characters of variable width and height. | |
147 Italic text can be used without redisplay problems. Fonts containing | |
148 oversized characters, i.e. characters larger than the logical height | |
149 of a font can be used. Images of various formats can be displayed in | |
150 the text. | |
151 | |
152 ** Emacs has a new face implementation. | |
153 | |
154 The new faces no longer fundamentally use X font names to specify the | |
155 font. Instead, each face has several independent attributes--family, | |
156 height, width, weight and slant--that it may or may not specify. | |
157 These attributes can be merged from various faces, and then together | |
158 specify a font. | |
159 | |
160 Faces are supported on terminals that can display color or fonts. | |
161 These terminal capabilities are auto-detected. Details can be found | |
162 under Lisp changes, below. | |
163 | |
164 ** Emacs can display faces on TTY frames. | |
165 | |
166 Emacs automatically detects terminals that are able to display colors. | |
167 Faces with a weight greater than normal are displayed extra-bright, if | |
168 the terminal supports it. Faces with a weight less than normal and | |
169 italic faces are displayed dimmed, if the terminal supports it. | |
170 Underlined faces are displayed underlined if possible. Other face | |
171 attributes such as `overline', `strike-through', and `box' are ignored | |
172 on terminals. | |
173 | |
174 The command-line options `-fg COLOR', `-bg COLOR', and `-rv' are now | |
175 supported on character terminals. | |
176 | |
177 Emacs automatically remaps all X-style color specifications to one of | |
178 the colors supported by the terminal. This means you could have the | |
179 same color customizations that work both on a windowed display and on | |
180 a TTY or when Emacs is invoked with the -nw option. | |
181 | |
182 ** New default font is Courier 12pt under X. | |
183 | |
184 ** Sound support | |
185 | |
186 Emacs supports playing sound files on GNU/Linux and FreeBSD (Voxware | |
187 driver and native BSD driver, a.k.a. Luigi's driver). Currently | |
188 supported file formats are RIFF-WAVE (*.wav) and Sun Audio (*.au). | |
189 You must configure Emacs with the option `--with-sound=yes' to enable | |
190 sound support. | |
191 | |
192 ** Emacs now resizes mini-windows if appropriate. | |
193 | |
194 If a message is longer than one line, or minibuffer contents are | |
195 longer than one line, Emacs can resize the minibuffer window unless it | |
196 is on a frame of its own. You can control resizing and the maximum | |
197 minibuffer window size by setting the following variables: | |
198 | |
199 - User option: max-mini-window-height | |
200 | |
201 Maximum height for resizing mini-windows. If a float, it specifies a | |
202 fraction of the mini-window frame's height. If an integer, it | |
203 specifies a number of lines. | |
204 | |
205 Default is 0.25. | |
206 | |
207 - User option: resize-mini-windows | |
208 | |
209 How to resize mini-windows. If nil, don't resize. If t, always | |
210 resize to fit the size of the text. If `grow-only', let mini-windows | |
211 grow only, until they become empty, at which point they are shrunk | |
212 again. | |
213 | |
214 Default is `grow-only'. | |
215 | |
216 ** LessTif support. | |
217 | |
218 Emacs now runs with the LessTif toolkit (see | |
219 <http://www.lesstif.org>). You will need version 0.92.26, or later. | |
220 | |
221 ** LessTif/Motif file selection dialog. | |
222 | |
223 When Emacs is configured to use LessTif or Motif, reading a file name | |
224 from a menu will pop up a file selection dialog if `use-dialog-box' is | |
225 non-nil. | |
226 | |
227 ** File selection dialog on MS-Windows is supported. | |
228 | |
229 When a file is visited by clicking File->Open, the MS-Windows version | |
230 now pops up a standard file selection dialog where you can select a | |
231 file to visit. File->Save As also pops up that dialog. | |
232 | |
233 ** Toolkit scroll bars. | |
234 | |
235 Emacs now uses toolkit scroll bars if available. When configured for | |
236 LessTif/Motif, it will use that toolkit's scroll bar. Otherwise, when | |
237 configured for Lucid and Athena widgets, it will use the Xaw3d scroll | |
238 bar if Xaw3d is available. You can turn off the use of toolkit scroll | |
239 bars by specifying `--with-toolkit-scroll-bars=no' when configuring | |
240 Emacs. | |
241 | |
242 When you encounter problems with the Xaw3d scroll bar, watch out how | |
243 Xaw3d is compiled on your system. If the Makefile generated from | |
244 Xaw3d's Imakefile contains a `-DNARROWPROTO' compiler option, and your | |
245 Emacs system configuration file `s/your-system.h' does not contain a | |
246 define for NARROWPROTO, you might consider adding it. Take | |
247 `s/freebsd.h' as an example. | |
248 | |
249 Alternatively, if you don't have access to the Xaw3d source code, take | |
250 a look at your system's imake configuration file, for example in the | |
251 directory `/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/config' (paths are different on | |
252 different systems). You will find files `*.cf' there. If your | |
253 system's cf-file contains a line like `#define NeedWidePrototypes NO', | |
254 add a `#define NARROWPROTO' to your Emacs system configuration file. | |
255 | |
256 The reason for this is that one Xaw3d function uses `double' or | |
257 `float' function parameters depending on the setting of NARROWPROTO. | |
258 This is not a problem when Imakefiles are used because each system's | |
259 imake configuration file contains the necessary information. Since | |
260 Emacs doesn't use imake, this has do be done manually. | |
261 | |
262 ** Tool bar support. | |
263 | |
264 Emacs supports a tool bar at the top of a frame under X. For details | |
265 of how to define a tool bar, see the page describing Lisp-level | |
266 changes. Tool-bar global minor mode controls whether or not it is | |
267 displayed and is on by default. The appearance of the bar is improved | |
268 if Emacs has been built with XPM image support. Otherwise monochrome | |
269 icons will be used. | |
270 | |
271 To make the tool bar more useful, we need contributions of extra icons | |
272 for specific modes (with copyright assignments). | |
273 | |
274 ** Tooltips. | |
275 | |
276 Tooltips are small X windows displaying a help string at the current | |
277 mouse position. The Lisp package `tooltip' implements them. You can | |
278 turn them off via the user option `tooltip-mode'. | |
279 | |
280 Tooltips also provides support for GUD debugging. If activated, | |
281 variable values can be displayed in tooltips by pointing at them with | |
282 the mouse in source buffers. You can customize various aspects of the | |
283 tooltip display in the group `tooltip'. | |
284 | |
285 ** Automatic Hscrolling | |
286 | |
287 Horizontal scrolling now happens automatically if | |
288 `automatic-hscrolling' is set (the default). This setting can be | |
289 customized. | |
290 | |
291 If a window is scrolled horizontally with set-window-hscroll, or | |
292 scroll-left/scroll-right (C-x <, C-x >), this serves as a lower bound | |
293 for automatic horizontal scrolling. Automatic scrolling will scroll | |
294 the text more to the left if necessary, but won't scroll the text more | |
295 to the right than the column set with set-window-hscroll etc. | |
296 | |
297 ** When using a windowing terminal, each Emacs window now has a cursor | |
298 of its own. By default, when a window is selected, the cursor is | |
299 solid; otherwise, it is hollow. The user-option | |
300 `cursor-in-non-selected-windows' controls how to display the | |
301 cursor in non-selected windows. If nil, no cursor is shown, if | |
302 non-nil a hollow box cursor is shown. | |
303 | |
304 ** Fringes to the left and right of windows are used to display | |
305 truncation marks, continuation marks, overlay arrows and alike. The | |
306 foreground, background, and stipple of these areas can be changed by | |
307 customizing face `fringe'. | |
308 | |
309 ** The mode line under X is now drawn with shadows by default. | |
310 You can change its appearance by modifying the face `mode-line'. | |
311 In particular, setting the `:box' attribute to nil turns off the 3D | |
312 appearance of the mode line. (The 3D appearance makes the mode line | |
313 occupy more space, and thus might cause the first or the last line of | |
314 the window to be partially obscured.) | |
315 | |
316 The variable `mode-line-inverse-video', which was used in older | |
317 versions of emacs to make the mode-line stand out, is now deprecated. | |
318 However, setting it to nil will cause the `mode-line' face to be | |
319 ignored, and mode-lines to be drawn using the default text face. | |
320 | |
321 ** Mouse-sensitive mode line. | |
322 | |
323 Different parts of the mode line have been made mouse-sensitive on all | |
324 systems which support the mouse. Moving the mouse to a | |
325 mouse-sensitive part in the mode line changes the appearance of the | |
326 mouse pointer to an arrow, and help about available mouse actions is | |
327 displayed either in the echo area, or in the tooltip window if you | |
328 have enabled one. | |
329 | |
330 Currently, the following actions have been defined: | |
331 | |
332 - Mouse-1 on the buffer name in the mode line goes to the next buffer. | |
333 | |
334 - Mouse-3 on the buffer-name goes to the previous buffer. | |
335 | |
336 - Mouse-2 on the read-only or modified status in the mode line (`%' or | |
337 `*') toggles the status. | |
338 | |
339 - Mouse-3 on the major mode name displays a major mode menu. | |
340 | |
341 - Mouse-3 on the mode name displays a minor-mode menu. | |
342 | |
343 ** Hourglass pointer | |
344 | |
345 Emacs can optionally display an hourglass pointer under X. You can | |
346 turn the display on or off by customizing group `cursor'. | |
347 | |
348 ** Blinking cursor | |
349 | |
350 M-x blink-cursor-mode toggles a blinking cursor under X and on | |
351 terminals having terminal capabilities `vi', `vs', and `ve'. Blinking | |
352 and related parameters like frequency and delay can be customized in | |
353 the group `cursor'. | |
354 | |
355 ** New font-lock support mode `jit-lock-mode'. | |
356 | |
357 This support mode is roughly equivalent to `lazy-lock' but is | |
358 generally faster. It supports stealth and deferred fontification. | |
359 See the documentation of the function `jit-lock-mode' for more | |
360 details. | |
361 | |
362 Font-lock uses jit-lock-mode as default support mode, so you don't | |
363 have to do anything to activate it. | |
364 | |
365 ** The default binding of the Delete key has changed. | |
366 | |
367 The new user-option `normal-erase-is-backspace' can be set to | |
368 determine the effect of the Delete and Backspace function keys. | |
369 | |
370 On window systems, the default value of this option is chosen | |
371 according to the keyboard used. If the keyboard has both a Backspace | |
372 key and a Delete key, and both are mapped to their usual meanings, the | |
373 option's default value is set to t, so that Backspace can be used to | |
374 delete backward, and Delete can be used to delete forward. On | |
375 keyboards which either have only one key (usually labeled DEL), or two | |
376 keys DEL and BS which produce the same effect, the option's value is | |
377 set to nil, and these keys delete backward. | |
378 | |
379 If not running under a window system, setting this option accomplishes | |
380 a similar effect by mapping C-h, which is usually generated by the | |
381 Backspace key, to DEL, and by mapping DEL to C-d via | |
382 `keyboard-translate'. The former functionality of C-h is available on | |
383 the F1 key. You should probably not use this setting on a text-only | |
384 terminal if you don't have both Backspace, Delete and F1 keys. | |
385 | |
386 Programmatically, you can call function normal-erase-is-backspace-mode | |
387 to toggle the behavior of the Delete and Backspace keys. | |
388 | |
389 ** The default for user-option `next-line-add-newlines' has been | |
390 changed to nil, i.e. C-n will no longer add newlines at the end of a | |
391 buffer by default. | |
392 | |
393 ** The <home> and <end> keys now move to the beginning or end of the | |
394 current line, respectively. C-<home> and C-<end> move to the | |
395 beginning and end of the buffer. | |
396 | |
397 ** Emacs now checks for recursive loads of Lisp files. If the | |
398 recursion depth exceeds `recursive-load-depth-limit', an error is | |
399 signaled. | |
400 | |
401 ** When an error is signaled during the loading of the user's init | |
402 file, Emacs now pops up the *Messages* buffer. | |
403 | |
404 ** Emacs now refuses to load compiled Lisp files which weren't | |
405 compiled with Emacs. Set `load-dangerous-libraries' to t to change | |
406 this behavior. | |
407 | |
408 The reason for this change is an incompatible change in XEmacs's byte | |
409 compiler. Files compiled with XEmacs can contain byte codes that let | |
410 Emacs dump core. | |
411 | |
412 ** Toggle buttons and radio buttons in menus. | |
413 | |
414 When compiled with LessTif (or Motif) support, Emacs uses toolkit | |
415 widgets for radio and toggle buttons in menus. When configured for | |
416 Lucid, Emacs draws radio buttons and toggle buttons similar to Motif. | |
417 | |
418 ** The menu bar configuration has changed. The new configuration is | |
419 more CUA-compliant. The most significant change is that Options is | |
420 now a separate menu-bar item, with Mule and Customize as its submenus. | |
421 | |
422 ** Item Save Options on the Options menu allows saving options set | |
423 using that menu. | |
424 | |
425 ** Highlighting of trailing whitespace. | |
426 | |
427 When `show-trailing-whitespace' is non-nil, Emacs displays trailing | |
428 whitespace in the face `trailing-whitespace'. Trailing whitespace is | |
429 defined as spaces or tabs at the end of a line. To avoid busy | |
430 highlighting when entering new text, trailing whitespace is not | |
431 displayed if point is at the end of the line containing the | |
432 whitespace. | |
433 | |
434 ** C-x 5 1 runs the new command delete-other-frames which deletes | |
435 all frames except the selected one. | |
436 | |
437 ** The new user-option `confirm-kill-emacs' can be customized to | |
438 let Emacs ask for confirmation before exiting. | |
439 | |
440 ** The header line in an Info buffer is now displayed as an emacs | |
441 header-line (which is like a mode-line, but at the top of the window), | |
442 so that it remains visible even when the buffer has been scrolled. | |
443 This behavior may be disabled by customizing the option | |
444 `Info-use-header-line'. | |
445 | |
446 ** Polish, Czech, German, and French translations of Emacs' reference card | |
447 have been added. They are named `pl-refcard.tex', `cs-refcard.tex', | |
448 `de-refcard.tex' and `fr-refcard.tex'. Postscript files are included. | |
449 | |
450 ** An `Emacs Survival Guide', etc/survival.tex, is available. | |
451 | |
452 ** A reference card for Dired has been added. Its name is | |
453 `dired-ref.tex'. A French translation is available in | |
454 `fr-drdref.tex'. | |
455 | |
456 ** C-down-mouse-3 is bound differently. Now if the menu bar is not | |
457 displayed it pops up a menu containing the items which would be on the | |
458 menu bar. If the menu bar is displayed, it pops up the major mode | |
459 menu or the Edit menu if there is no major mode menu. | |
460 | |
461 ** Variable `load-path' is no longer customizable through Customize. | |
462 | |
463 You can no longer use `M-x customize-variable' to customize `load-path' | |
464 because it now contains a version-dependent component. You can still | |
465 use `add-to-list' and `setq' to customize this variable in your | |
466 `~/.emacs' init file or to modify it from any Lisp program in general. | |
467 | |
468 ** C-u C-x = provides detailed information about the character at | |
469 point in a pop-up window. | |
470 | |
471 ** Emacs can now support 'wheeled' mice (such as the MS IntelliMouse) | |
472 under XFree86. To enable this, use the `mouse-wheel-mode' command, or | |
473 customize the variable `mouse-wheel-mode'. | |
474 | |
475 The variables `mouse-wheel-follow-mouse' and `mouse-wheel-scroll-amount' | |
476 determine where and by how much buffers are scrolled. | |
477 | |
478 ** Emacs' auto-save list files are now by default stored in a | |
479 sub-directory `.emacs.d/auto-save-list/' of the user's home directory. | |
480 (On MS-DOS, this subdirectory's name is `_emacs.d/auto-save.list/'.) | |
481 You can customize `auto-save-list-file-prefix' to change this location. | |
482 | |
483 ** The function `getenv' is now callable interactively. | |
484 | |
485 ** The new user-option `even-window-heights' can be set to nil | |
486 to prevent `display-buffer' from evening out window heights. | |
487 | |
488 ** The new command M-x delete-trailing-whitespace RET will delete the | |
489 trailing whitespace within the current restriction. You can also add | |
490 this function to `write-file-hooks' or `local-write-file-hooks'. | |
491 | |
492 ** When visiting a file with M-x find-file-literally, no newlines will | |
493 be added to the end of the buffer even if `require-final-newline' is | |
494 non-nil. | |
495 | |
496 ** The new user-option `find-file-suppress-same-file-warnings' can be | |
497 set to suppress warnings ``X and Y are the same file'' when visiting a | |
498 file that is already visited under a different name. | |
499 | |
500 ** The new user-option `electric-help-shrink-window' can be set to | |
501 nil to prevent adjusting the help window size to the buffer size. | |
502 | |
503 ** New command M-x describe-character-set reads a character set name | |
504 and displays information about that. | |
505 | |
506 ** The new variable `auto-mode-interpreter-regexp' contains a regular | |
507 expression matching interpreters, for file mode determination. | |
508 | |
509 This regular expression is matched against the first line of a file to | |
510 determine the file's mode in `set-auto-mode' when Emacs can't deduce a | |
511 mode from the file's name. If it matches, the file is assumed to be | |
512 interpreted by the interpreter matched by the second group of the | |
513 regular expression. The mode is then determined as the mode | |
514 associated with that interpreter in `interpreter-mode-alist'. | |
515 | |
516 ** New function executable-make-buffer-file-executable-if-script-p is | |
517 suitable as an after-save-hook as an alternative to `executable-chmod'. | |
518 | |
519 ** The most preferred coding-system is now used to save a buffer if | |
520 buffer-file-coding-system is `undecided' and it is safe for the buffer | |
521 contents. (The most preferred is set by set-language-environment or | |
522 by M-x prefer-coding-system.) Thus if you visit an ASCII file and | |
523 insert a non-ASCII character from your current language environment, | |
524 the file will be saved silently with the appropriate coding. | |
525 Previously you would be prompted for a safe coding system. | |
526 | |
527 ** The many obsolete language `setup-...-environment' commands have | |
528 been removed -- use `set-language-environment'. | |
529 | |
530 ** The new Custom option `keyboard-coding-system' specifies a coding | |
531 system for keyboard input. | |
532 | |
533 ** New variable `inhibit-iso-escape-detection' determines if Emacs' | |
534 coding system detection algorithm should pay attention to ISO2022's | |
535 escape sequences. If this variable is non-nil, the algorithm ignores | |
536 such escape sequences. The default value is nil, and it is | |
537 recommended not to change it except for the special case that you | |
538 always want to read any escape code verbatim. If you just want to | |
539 read a specific file without decoding escape codes, use C-x RET c | |
540 (`universal-coding-system-argument'). For instance, C-x RET c latin-1 | |
541 RET C-x C-f filename RET. | |
542 | |
543 ** Variable `default-korean-keyboard' is initialized properly from the | |
544 environment variable `HANGUL_KEYBOARD_TYPE'. | |
545 | |
546 ** New command M-x list-charset-chars reads a character set name and | |
547 displays all characters in that character set. | |
548 | |
549 ** M-x set-terminal-coding-system (C-x RET t) now allows CCL-based | |
550 coding systems such as cpXXX and cyrillic-koi8. | |
551 | |
552 ** Emacs now attempts to determine the initial language environment | |
553 and preferred and locale coding systems systematically from the | |
554 LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, and LANG environment variables during startup. | |
555 | |
556 ** New language environments `Polish', `Latin-8' and `Latin-9'. | |
557 Latin-8 and Latin-9 correspond respectively to the ISO character sets | |
558 8859-14 (Celtic) and 8859-15 (updated Latin-1, with the Euro sign). | |
559 GNU Intlfonts doesn't support these yet but recent X releases have | |
560 8859-15. See etc/INSTALL for information on obtaining extra fonts. | |
561 There are new Leim input methods for Latin-8 and Latin-9 prefix (only) | |
562 and Polish `slash'. | |
563 | |
564 ** New language environments `Dutch' and `Spanish'. | |
565 These new environments mainly select appropriate translations | |
566 of the tutorial. | |
567 | |
568 ** In Ethiopic language environment, special key bindings for | |
569 function keys are changed as follows. This is to conform to "Emacs | |
570 Lisp Coding Convention". | |
571 | |
572 new command old-binding | |
573 --- ------- ----------- | |
574 f3 ethio-fidel-to-sera-buffer f5 | |
575 S-f3 ethio-fidel-to-sera-region f5 | |
576 C-f3 ethio-fidel-to-sera-mail-or-marker f5 | |
577 | |
578 f4 ethio-sera-to-fidel-buffer unchanged | |
579 S-f4 ethio-sera-to-fidel-region unchanged | |
580 C-f4 ethio-sera-to-fidel-mail-or-marker unchanged | |
581 | |
582 S-f5 ethio-toggle-punctuation f3 | |
583 S-f6 ethio-modify-vowel f6 | |
584 S-f7 ethio-replace-space f7 | |
585 S-f8 ethio-input-special-character f8 | |
586 S-f9 ethio-replace-space unchanged | |
587 C-f9 ethio-toggle-space f2 | |
588 | |
589 ** There are new Leim input methods. | |
590 New input methods "turkish-postfix", "turkish-alt-postfix", | |
591 "greek-mizuochi", "TeX", and "greek-babel" are now part of the Leim | |
592 package. | |
593 | |
594 ** The rule of input method "slovak" is slightly changed. Now the | |
595 rules for translating "q" and "Q" to "`" (backquote) are deleted, thus | |
596 typing them inserts "q" and "Q" respectively. Rules for translating | |
597 "=q", "+q", "=Q", and "+Q" to "`" are also deleted. Now, to input | |
598 "`", you must type "=q". | |
599 | |
600 ** When your terminal can't display characters from some of the ISO | |
601 8859 character sets but can display Latin-1, you can display | |
602 more-or-less mnemonic sequences of ASCII/Latin-1 characters instead of | |
603 empty boxes (under a window system) or question marks (not under a | |
604 window system). Customize the option `latin1-display' to turn this | |
605 on. | |
606 | |
607 ** M-; now calls comment-dwim which tries to do something clever based | |
608 on the context. M-x kill-comment is now an alias to comment-kill, | |
609 defined in newcomment.el. You can choose different styles of region | |
610 commenting with the variable `comment-style'. | |
611 | |
612 ** New user options `display-time-mail-face' and | |
613 `display-time-use-mail-icon' control the appearance of mode-line mail | |
614 indicator used by the display-time package. On a suitable display the | |
615 indicator can be an icon and is mouse-sensitive. | |
616 | |
617 ** On window-systems, additional space can be put between text lines | |
618 on the display using several methods | |
619 | |
620 - By setting frame parameter `line-spacing' to PIXELS. PIXELS must be | |
621 a positive integer, and specifies that PIXELS number of pixels should | |
622 be put below text lines on the affected frame or frames. | |
623 | |
624 - By setting X resource `lineSpacing', class `LineSpacing'. This is | |
625 equivalent to specifying the frame parameter. | |
626 | |
627 - By specifying `--line-spacing=N' or `-lsp N' on the command line. | |
628 | |
629 - By setting buffer-local variable `line-spacing'. The meaning is | |
630 the same, but applies to the a particular buffer only. | |
631 | |
632 ** The new command `clone-indirect-buffer' can be used to create | |
633 an indirect buffer that is a twin copy of the current buffer. The | |
634 command `clone-indirect-buffer-other-window', bound to C-x 4 c, | |
635 does the same but displays the indirect buffer in another window. | |
636 | |
637 ** New user options `backup-directory-alist' and | |
638 `make-backup-file-name-function' control the placement of backups, | |
639 typically in a single directory or in an invisible sub-directory. | |
640 | |
641 ** New commands iso-iso2sgml and iso-sgml2iso convert between Latin-1 | |
642 characters and the corresponding SGML (HTML) entities. | |
643 | |
644 ** New X resources recognized | |
645 | |
646 *** The X resource `synchronous', class `Synchronous', specifies | |
647 whether Emacs should run in synchronous mode. Synchronous mode | |
648 is useful for debugging X problems. | |
649 | |
650 Example: | |
651 | |
652 emacs.synchronous: true | |
653 | |
654 *** The X resource `visualClass, class `VisualClass', specifies the | |
655 visual Emacs should use. The resource's value should be a string of | |
656 the form `CLASS-DEPTH', where CLASS is the name of the visual class, | |
657 and DEPTH is the requested color depth as a decimal number. Valid | |
658 visual class names are | |
659 | |
660 TrueColor | |
661 PseudoColor | |
662 DirectColor | |
663 StaticColor | |
664 GrayScale | |
665 StaticGray | |
666 | |
667 Visual class names specified as X resource are case-insensitive, i.e. | |
668 `pseudocolor', `Pseudocolor' and `PseudoColor' all have the same | |
669 meaning. | |
670 | |
671 The program `xdpyinfo' can be used to list the visual classes | |
672 supported on your display, and which depths they have. If | |
673 `visualClass' is not specified, Emacs uses the display's default | |
674 visual. | |
675 | |
676 Example: | |
677 | |
678 emacs.visualClass: TrueColor-8 | |
679 | |
680 *** The X resource `privateColormap', class `PrivateColormap', | |
681 specifies that Emacs should use a private colormap if it is using the | |
682 default visual, and that visual is of class PseudoColor. Recognized | |
683 resource values are `true' or `on'. | |
684 | |
685 Example: | |
686 | |
687 emacs.privateColormap: true | |
688 | |
689 ** Faces and frame parameters. | |
690 | |
691 There are four new faces `scroll-bar', `border', `cursor' and `mouse'. | |
692 Setting the frame parameters `scroll-bar-foreground' and | |
693 `scroll-bar-background' sets foreground and background color of face | |
694 `scroll-bar' and vice versa. Setting frame parameter `border-color' | |
695 sets the background color of face `border' and vice versa. Likewise | |
696 for frame parameters `cursor-color' and face `cursor', and frame | |
697 parameter `mouse-color' and face `mouse'. | |
698 | |
699 Changing frame parameter `font' sets font-related attributes of the | |
700 `default' face and vice versa. Setting frame parameters | |
701 `foreground-color' or `background-color' sets the colors of the | |
702 `default' face and vice versa. | |
703 | |
704 ** New face `menu'. | |
705 | |
706 The face `menu' can be used to change colors and font of Emacs' menus. | |
707 | |
708 ** New frame parameter `screen-gamma' for gamma correction. | |
709 | |
710 The new frame parameter `screen-gamma' specifies gamma-correction for | |
711 colors. Its value may be nil, the default, in which case no gamma | |
712 correction occurs, or a number > 0, usually a float, that specifies | |
713 the screen gamma of a frame's display. | |
714 | |
715 PC monitors usually have a screen gamma of 2.2. smaller values result | |
716 in darker colors. You might want to try a screen gamma of 1.5 for LCD | |
717 color displays. The viewing gamma Emacs uses is 0.4545. (1/2.2). | |
718 | |
719 The X resource name of this parameter is `screenGamma', class | |
720 `ScreenGamma'. | |
721 | |
722 ** Tabs and variable-width text. | |
723 | |
724 Tabs are now displayed with stretch properties; the width of a tab is | |
725 defined as a multiple of the normal character width of a frame, and is | |
726 independent of the fonts used in the text where the tab appears. | |
727 Thus, tabs can be used to line up text in different fonts. | |
728 | |
729 ** Enhancements of the Lucid menu bar | |
730 | |
731 *** The Lucid menu bar now supports the resource "margin". | |
732 | |
733 emacs.pane.menubar.margin: 5 | |
734 | |
735 The default margin is 4 which makes the menu bar appear like the | |
736 LessTif/Motif one. | |
737 | |
738 *** Arrows that indicate sub-menus are now drawn with shadows, as in | |
739 LessTif and Motif. | |
740 | |
741 ** A block cursor can be drawn as wide as the glyph under it under X. | |
742 | |
743 As an example: if a block cursor is over a tab character, it will be | |
744 drawn as wide as that tab on the display. To do this, set | |
745 `x-stretch-cursor' to a non-nil value. | |
746 | |
747 ** Empty display lines at the end of a buffer may be marked with a | |
748 bitmap (this is similar to the tilde displayed by vi and Less). | |
749 | |
750 This behavior is activated by setting the buffer-local variable | |
751 `indicate-empty-lines' to a non-nil value. The default value of this | |
752 variable is found in `default-indicate-empty-lines'. | |
753 | |
754 ** There is a new "aggressive" scrolling method. | |
755 | |
756 When scrolling up because point is above the window start, if the | |
757 value of the buffer-local variable `scroll-up-aggressively' is a | |
758 number, Emacs chooses a new window start so that point ends up that | |
759 fraction of the window's height from the top of the window. | |
760 | |
761 When scrolling down because point is below the window end, if the | |
762 value of the buffer-local variable `scroll-down-aggressively' is a | |
763 number, Emacs chooses a new window start so that point ends up that | |
764 fraction of the window's height from the bottom of the window. | |
765 | |
766 ** You can now easily create new *Info* buffers using either | |
767 M-x clone-buffer, C-u m <entry> RET or C-u g <entry> RET. | |
768 M-x clone-buffer can also be used on *Help* and several other special | |
769 buffers. | |
770 | |
771 ** The command `Info-search' now uses a search history. | |
772 | |
773 ** Listing buffers with M-x list-buffers (C-x C-b) now shows | |
774 abbreviated file names. Abbreviations can be customized by changing | |
775 `directory-abbrev-alist'. | |
776 | |
777 ** A new variable, backup-by-copying-when-privileged-mismatch, gives | |
778 the highest file uid for which backup-by-copying-when-mismatch will be | |
779 forced on. The assumption is that uids less than or equal to this | |
780 value are special uids (root, bin, daemon, etc.--not real system | |
781 users) and that files owned by these users should not change ownership, | |
782 even if your system policy allows users other than root to edit them. | |
783 | |
784 The default is 200; set the variable to nil to disable the feature. | |
785 | |
786 ** The rectangle commands now avoid inserting undesirable spaces, | |
787 notably at the end of lines. | |
788 | |
789 All these functions have been rewritten to avoid inserting unwanted | |
790 spaces, and an optional prefix now allows them to behave the old way. | |
791 | |
792 ** The function `replace-rectangle' is an alias for `string-rectangle'. | |
793 | |
794 ** The new command M-x string-insert-rectangle is like `string-rectangle', | |
795 but inserts text instead of replacing it. | |
796 | |
797 ** The new command M-x query-replace-regexp-eval acts like | |
798 query-replace-regexp, but takes a Lisp expression which is evaluated | |
799 after each match to get the replacement text. | |
800 | |
801 ** M-x query-replace recognizes a new command `e' (or `E') that lets | |
802 you edit the replacement string. | |
803 | |
804 ** The new command mail-abbrev-complete-alias, bound to `M-TAB' | |
805 (if you load the library `mailabbrev'), lets you complete mail aliases | |
806 in the text, analogous to lisp-complete-symbol. | |
807 | |
808 ** The variable `echo-keystrokes' may now have a floating point value. | |
809 | |
810 ** If your init file is compiled (.emacs.elc), `user-init-file' is set | |
811 to the source name (.emacs.el), if that exists, after loading it. | |
812 | |
813 ** The help string specified for a menu-item whose definition contains | |
814 the property `:help HELP' is now displayed under X, on MS-Windows, and | |
815 MS-DOS, either in the echo area or with tooltips. Many standard menus | |
816 displayed by Emacs now have help strings. | |
817 | |
818 -- | |
819 ** New user option `read-mail-command' specifies a command to use to | |
820 read mail from the menu etc. | |
821 | |
822 ** The environment variable `EMACSLOCKDIR' is no longer used on MS-Windows. | |
823 This environment variable was used when creating lock files. Emacs on | |
824 MS-Windows does not use this variable anymore. This change was made | |
825 before Emacs 21.1, but wasn't documented until now. | |
826 | |
827 ** Highlighting of mouse-sensitive regions is now supported in the | |
828 MS-DOS version of Emacs. | |
829 | |
830 ** The new command `msdos-set-mouse-buttons' forces the MS-DOS version | |
831 of Emacs to behave as if the mouse had a specified number of buttons. | |
832 This comes handy with mice that don't report their number of buttons | |
833 correctly. One example is the wheeled mice, which report 3 buttons, | |
834 but clicks on the middle button are not passed to the MS-DOS version | |
835 of Emacs. | |
836 | |
837 ** Customize changes | |
838 | |
839 *** Customize now supports comments about customized items. Use the | |
840 `State' menu to add comments, or give a prefix argument to | |
841 M-x customize-set-variable or M-x customize-set-value. Note that | |
842 customization comments will cause the customizations to fail in | |
843 earlier versions of Emacs. | |
844 | |
845 *** The new option `custom-buffer-done-function' says whether to kill | |
846 Custom buffers when you've done with them or just bury them (the | |
847 default). | |
848 | |
849 *** If Emacs was invoked with the `-q' or `--no-init-file' options, it | |
850 does not allow you to save customizations in your `~/.emacs' init | |
851 file. This is because saving customizations from such a session would | |
852 wipe out all the other customizationss you might have on your init | |
853 file. | |
854 | |
855 ** If Emacs was invoked with the `-q' or `--no-init-file' options, it | |
856 does not save disabled and enabled commands for future sessions, to | |
857 avoid overwriting existing customizations of this kind that are | |
858 already in your init file. | |
859 | |
860 ** New features in evaluation commands | |
861 | |
862 *** The commands to evaluate Lisp expressions, such as C-M-x in Lisp | |
863 modes, C-j in Lisp Interaction mode, and M-:, now bind the variables | |
864 print-level, print-length, and debug-on-error based on the new | |
865 customizable variables eval-expression-print-level, | |
866 eval-expression-print-length, and eval-expression-debug-on-error. | |
867 | |
868 The default values for the first two of these variables are 12 and 4 | |
869 respectively, which means that `eval-expression' now prints at most | |
870 the first 12 members of a list and at most 4 nesting levels deep (if | |
871 the list is longer or deeper than that, an ellipsis `...' is | |
872 printed). | |
873 | |
874 <RET> or <mouse-2> on the printed text toggles between an abbreviated | |
875 printed representation and an unabbreviated one. | |
876 | |
877 The default value of eval-expression-debug-on-error is t, so any error | |
878 during evaluation produces a backtrace. | |
879 | |
880 *** The function `eval-defun' (C-M-x) now loads Edebug and instruments | |
881 code when called with a prefix argument. | |
882 | |
883 ** CC mode changes. | |
884 | |
885 Note: This release contains changes that might not be compatible with | |
886 current user setups (although it's believed that these | |
887 incompatibilities will only show in very uncommon circumstances). | |
888 However, since the impact is uncertain, these changes may be rolled | |
889 back depending on user feedback. Therefore there's no forward | |
890 compatibility guarantee wrt the new features introduced in this | |
891 release. | |
892 | |
893 *** The hardcoded switch to "java" style in Java mode is gone. | |
894 CC Mode used to automatically set the style to "java" when Java mode | |
895 is entered. This has now been removed since it caused too much | |
896 confusion. | |
897 | |
898 However, to keep backward compatibility to a certain extent, the | |
899 default value for c-default-style now specifies the "java" style for | |
900 java-mode, but "gnu" for all other modes (as before). So you won't | |
901 notice the change if you haven't touched that variable. | |
902 | |
903 *** New cleanups, space-before-funcall and compact-empty-funcall. | |
904 Two new cleanups have been added to c-cleanup-list: | |
905 | |
906 space-before-funcall causes a space to be inserted before the opening | |
907 parenthesis of a function call, which gives the style "foo (bar)". | |
908 | |
909 compact-empty-funcall causes any space before a function call opening | |
910 parenthesis to be removed if there are no arguments to the function. | |
911 It's typically useful together with space-before-funcall to get the | |
912 style "foo (bar)" and "foo()". | |
913 | |
914 *** Some keywords now automatically trigger reindentation. | |
915 Keywords like "else", "while", "catch" and "finally" have been made | |
916 "electric" to make them reindent automatically when they continue an | |
917 earlier statement. An example: | |
918 | |
919 for (i = 0; i < 17; i++) | |
920 if (a[i]) | |
921 res += a[i]->offset; | |
922 else | |
923 | |
924 Here, the "else" should be indented like the preceding "if", since it | |
925 continues that statement. CC Mode will automatically reindent it after | |
926 the "else" has been typed in full, since it's not until then it's | |
927 possible to decide whether it's a new statement or a continuation of | |
928 the preceding "if". | |
929 | |
930 CC Mode uses Abbrev mode to achieve this, which is therefore turned on | |
931 by default. | |
932 | |
933 *** M-a and M-e now moves by sentence in multiline strings. | |
934 Previously these two keys only moved by sentence in comments, which | |
935 meant that sentence movement didn't work in strings containing | |
936 documentation or other natural language text. | |
937 | |
938 The reason it's only activated in multiline strings (i.e. strings that | |
939 contain a newline, even when escaped by a '\') is to avoid stopping in | |
940 the short strings that often reside inside statements. Multiline | |
941 strings almost always contain text in a natural language, as opposed | |
942 to other strings that typically contain format specifications, | |
943 commands, etc. Also, it's not that bothersome that M-a and M-e misses | |
944 sentences in single line strings, since they're short anyway. | |
945 | |
946 *** Support for autodoc comments in Pike mode. | |
947 Autodoc comments for Pike are used to extract documentation from the | |
948 source, like Javadoc in Java. Pike mode now recognize this markup in | |
949 comment prefixes and paragraph starts. | |
950 | |
951 *** The comment prefix regexps on c-comment-prefix may be mode specific. | |
952 When c-comment-prefix is an association list, it specifies the comment | |
953 line prefix on a per-mode basis, like c-default-style does. This | |
954 change came about to support the special autodoc comment prefix in | |
955 Pike mode only. | |
956 | |
957 *** Better handling of syntactic errors. | |
958 The recovery after unbalanced parens earlier in the buffer has been | |
959 improved; CC Mode now reports them by dinging and giving a message | |
960 stating the offending line, but still recovers and indent the | |
961 following lines in a sane way (most of the time). An "else" with no | |
962 matching "if" is handled similarly. If an error is discovered while | |
963 indenting a region, the whole region is still indented and the error | |
964 is reported afterwards. | |
965 | |
966 *** Lineup functions may now return absolute columns. | |
967 A lineup function can give an absolute column to indent the line to by | |
968 returning a vector with the desired column as the first element. | |
969 | |
970 *** More robust and warning-free byte compilation. | |
971 Although this is strictly not a user visible change (well, depending | |
972 on the view of a user), it's still worth mentioning that CC Mode now | |
973 can be compiled in the standard ways without causing trouble. Some | |
974 code have also been moved between the subpackages to enhance the | |
975 modularity somewhat. Thanks to Martin Buchholz for doing the | |
976 groundwork. | |
977 | |
978 *** c-style-variables-are-local-p now defaults to t. | |
979 This is an incompatible change that has been made to make the behavior | |
980 of the style system wrt global variable settings less confusing for | |
981 non-advanced users. If you know what this variable does you might | |
982 want to set it to nil in your .emacs, otherwise you probably don't | |
983 have to bother. | |
984 | |
985 Defaulting c-style-variables-are-local-p to t avoids the confusing | |
986 situation that occurs when a user sets some style variables globally | |
987 and edits both a Java and a non-Java file in the same Emacs session. | |
988 If the style variables aren't buffer local in this case, loading of | |
989 the second file will cause the default style (either "gnu" or "java" | |
990 by default) to override the global settings made by the user. | |
991 | |
992 *** New initialization procedure for the style system. | |
993 When the initial style for a buffer is determined by CC Mode (from the | |
994 variable c-default-style), the global values of style variables now | |
995 take precedence over the values specified by the chosen style. This | |
996 is different than the old behavior: previously, the style-specific | |
997 settings would override the global settings. This change makes it | |
998 possible to do simple configuration in the intuitive way with | |
999 Customize or with setq lines in one's .emacs file. | |
1000 | |
1001 By default, the global value of every style variable is the new | |
1002 special symbol set-from-style, which causes the value to be taken from | |
1003 the style system. This means that in effect, only an explicit setting | |
1004 of a style variable will cause the "overriding" behavior described | |
1005 above. | |
1006 | |
1007 Also note that global settings override style-specific settings *only* | |
1008 when the initial style of a buffer is chosen by a CC Mode major mode | |
1009 function. When a style is chosen in other ways --- for example, by a | |
1010 call like (c-set-style "gnu") in a hook, or via M-x c-set-style --- | |
1011 then the style-specific values take precedence over any global style | |
1012 values. In Lisp terms, global values override style-specific values | |
1013 only when the new second argument to c-set-style is non-nil; see the | |
1014 function documentation for more info. | |
1015 | |
1016 The purpose of these changes is to make it easier for users, | |
1017 especially novice users, to do simple customizations with Customize or | |
1018 with setq in their .emacs files. On the other hand, the new system is | |
1019 intended to be compatible with advanced users' customizations as well, | |
1020 such as those that choose styles in hooks or whatnot. This new system | |
1021 is believed to be almost entirely compatible with current | |
1022 configurations, in spite of the changed precedence between style and | |
1023 global variable settings when a buffer's default style is set. | |
1024 | |
1025 (Thanks to Eric Eide for clarifying this explanation a bit.) | |
1026 | |
1027 **** c-offsets-alist is now a customizable variable. | |
1028 This became possible as a result of the new initialization behavior. | |
1029 | |
1030 This variable is treated slightly differently from the other style | |
1031 variables; instead of using the symbol set-from-style, it will be | |
1032 completed with the syntactic symbols it doesn't already contain when | |
1033 the style is first initialized. This means it now defaults to the | |
1034 empty list to make all syntactic elements get their values from the | |
1035 style system. | |
1036 | |
1037 **** Compatibility variable to restore the old behavior. | |
1038 In case your configuration doesn't work with this change, you can set | |
1039 c-old-style-variable-behavior to non-nil to get the old behavior back | |
1040 as far as possible. | |
1041 | |
1042 *** Improvements to line breaking and text filling. | |
1043 CC Mode now handles this more intelligently and seamlessly wrt the | |
1044 surrounding code, especially inside comments. For details see the new | |
1045 chapter about this in the manual. | |
1046 | |
1047 **** New variable to recognize comment line prefix decorations. | |
1048 The variable c-comment-prefix-regexp has been added to properly | |
1049 recognize the line prefix in both block and line comments. It's | |
1050 primarily used to initialize the various paragraph recognition and | |
1051 adaptive filling variables that the text handling functions uses. | |
1052 | |
1053 **** New variable c-block-comment-prefix. | |
1054 This is a generalization of the now obsolete variable | |
1055 c-comment-continuation-stars to handle arbitrary strings. | |
1056 | |
1057 **** CC Mode now uses adaptive fill mode. | |
1058 This to make it adapt better to the paragraph style inside comments. | |
1059 | |
1060 It's also possible to use other adaptive filling packages inside CC | |
1061 Mode, notably Kyle E. Jones' Filladapt mode (http://wonderworks.com/). | |
1062 A new convenience function c-setup-filladapt sets up Filladapt for use | |
1063 inside CC Mode. | |
1064 | |
1065 Note though that the 2.12 version of Filladapt lacks a feature that | |
1066 causes it to work suboptimally when c-comment-prefix-regexp can match | |
1067 the empty string (which it commonly does). A patch for that is | |
1068 available from the CC Mode web site (http://www.python.org/emacs/ | |
1069 cc-mode/). | |
1070 | |
1071 **** The variables `c-hanging-comment-starter-p' and | |
1072 `c-hanging-comment-ender-p', which controlled how comment starters and | |
1073 enders were filled, are not used anymore. The new version of the | |
1074 function `c-fill-paragraph' keeps the comment starters and enders as | |
1075 they were before the filling. | |
1076 | |
1077 **** It's now possible to selectively turn off auto filling. | |
1078 The variable c-ignore-auto-fill is used to ignore auto fill mode in | |
1079 specific contexts, e.g. in preprocessor directives and in string | |
1080 literals. | |
1081 | |
1082 **** New context sensitive line break function c-context-line-break. | |
1083 It works like newline-and-indent in normal code, and adapts the line | |
1084 prefix according to the comment style when used inside comments. If | |
1085 you're normally using newline-and-indent, you might want to switch to | |
1086 this function. | |
1087 | |
1088 *** Fixes to IDL mode. | |
1089 It now does a better job in recognizing only the constructs relevant | |
1090 to IDL. E.g. it no longer matches "class" as the beginning of a | |
1091 struct block, but it does match the CORBA 2.3 "valuetype" keyword. | |
1092 Thanks to Eric Eide. | |
1093 | |
1094 *** Improvements to the Whitesmith style. | |
1095 It now keeps the style consistently on all levels and both when | |
1096 opening braces hangs and when they don't. | |
1097 | |
1098 **** New lineup function c-lineup-whitesmith-in-block. | |
1099 | |
1100 *** New lineup functions c-lineup-template-args and c-indent-multi-line-block. | |
1101 See their docstrings for details. c-lineup-template-args does a | |
1102 better job of tracking the brackets used as parens in C++ templates, | |
1103 and is used by default to line up continued template arguments. | |
1104 | |
1105 *** c-lineup-comment now preserves alignment with a comment on the | |
1106 previous line. It used to instead preserve comments that started in | |
1107 the column specified by comment-column. | |
1108 | |
1109 *** c-lineup-C-comments handles "free form" text comments. | |
1110 In comments with a long delimiter line at the start, the indentation | |
1111 is kept unchanged for lines that start with an empty comment line | |
1112 prefix. This is intended for the type of large block comments that | |
1113 contain documentation with its own formatting. In these you normally | |
1114 don't want CC Mode to change the indentation. | |
1115 | |
1116 *** The `c' syntactic symbol is now relative to the comment start | |
1117 instead of the previous line, to make integers usable as lineup | |
1118 arguments. | |
1119 | |
1120 *** All lineup functions have gotten docstrings. | |
1121 | |
1122 *** More preprocessor directive movement functions. | |
1123 c-down-conditional does the reverse of c-up-conditional. | |
1124 c-up-conditional-with-else and c-down-conditional-with-else are | |
1125 variants of these that also stops at "#else" lines (suggested by Don | |
1126 Provan). | |
1127 | |
1128 *** Minor improvements to many movement functions in tricky situations. | |
1129 | |
1130 ** Dired changes | |
1131 | |
1132 *** New variable `dired-recursive-deletes' determines if the delete | |
1133 command will delete non-empty directories recursively. The default | |
1134 is, delete only empty directories. | |
1135 | |
1136 *** New variable `dired-recursive-copies' determines if the copy | |
1137 command will copy directories recursively. The default is, do not | |
1138 copy directories recursively. | |
1139 | |
1140 *** In command `dired-do-shell-command' (usually bound to `!') a `?' | |
1141 in the shell command has a special meaning similar to `*', but with | |
1142 the difference that the command will be run on each file individually. | |
1143 | |
1144 *** The new command `dired-find-alternate-file' (usually bound to `a') | |
1145 replaces the Dired buffer with the buffer for an alternate file or | |
1146 directory. | |
1147 | |
1148 *** The new command `dired-show-file-type' (usually bound to `y') shows | |
1149 a message in the echo area describing what type of file the point is on. | |
1150 This command invokes the external program `file' do its work, and so | |
1151 will only work on systems with that program, and will be only as | |
1152 accurate or inaccurate as it is. | |
1153 | |
1154 *** Dired now properly handles undo changes of adding/removing `-R' | |
1155 from ls switches. | |
1156 | |
1157 *** Dired commands that prompt for a destination file now allow the use | |
1158 of the `M-n' command in the minibuffer to insert the source filename, | |
1159 which the user can then edit. This only works if there is a single | |
1160 source file, not when operating on multiple marked files. | |
1161 | |
1162 ** Gnus changes. | |
1163 | |
1164 The Gnus NEWS entries are short, but they reflect sweeping changes in | |
1165 four areas: Article display treatment, MIME treatment, | |
1166 internationalization and mail-fetching. | |
1167 | |
1168 *** The mail-fetching functions have changed. See the manual for the | |
1169 many details. In particular, all procmail fetching variables are gone. | |
1170 | |
1171 If you used procmail like in | |
1172 | |
1173 (setq nnmail-use-procmail t) | |
1174 (setq nnmail-spool-file 'procmail) | |
1175 (setq nnmail-procmail-directory "~/mail/incoming/") | |
1176 (setq nnmail-procmail-suffix "\\.in") | |
1177 | |
1178 this now has changed to | |
1179 | |
1180 (setq mail-sources | |
1181 '((directory :path "~/mail/incoming/" | |
1182 :suffix ".in"))) | |
1183 | |
1184 More information is available in the info doc at Select Methods -> | |
1185 Getting Mail -> Mail Sources | |
1186 | |
1187 *** Gnus is now a MIME-capable reader. This affects many parts of | |
1188 Gnus, and adds a slew of new commands. See the manual for details. | |
1189 Separate MIME packages like RMIME, mime-compose etc., will probably no | |
1190 longer work; remove them and use the native facilities. | |
1191 | |
1192 The FLIM/SEMI package still works with Emacs 21, but if you want to | |
1193 use the native facilities, you must remove any mailcap.el[c] that was | |
1194 installed by FLIM/SEMI version 1.13 or earlier. | |
1195 | |
1196 *** Gnus has also been multilingualized. This also affects too many | |
1197 parts of Gnus to summarize here, and adds many new variables. There | |
1198 are built-in facilities equivalent to those of gnus-mule.el, which is | |
1199 now just a compatibility layer. | |
1200 | |
1201 *** gnus-mule.el is now just a compatibility layer over the built-in | |
1202 Gnus facilities. | |
1203 | |
1204 *** gnus-auto-select-first can now be a function to be | |
1205 called to position point. | |
1206 | |
1207 *** The user can now decide which extra headers should be included in | |
1208 summary buffers and NOV files. | |
1209 | |
1210 *** `gnus-article-display-hook' has been removed. Instead, a number | |
1211 of variables starting with `gnus-treat-' have been added. | |
1212 | |
1213 *** The Gnus posting styles have been redone again and now work in a | |
1214 subtly different manner. | |
1215 | |
1216 *** New web-based backends have been added: nnslashdot, nnwarchive | |
1217 and nnultimate. nnweb has been revamped, again, to keep up with | |
1218 ever-changing layouts. | |
1219 | |
1220 *** Gnus can now read IMAP mail via nnimap. | |
1221 | |
1222 *** There is image support of various kinds and some sound support. | |
1223 | |
1224 ** Changes in Texinfo mode. | |
1225 | |
1226 *** A couple of new key bindings have been added for inserting Texinfo | |
1227 macros | |
1228 | |
1229 Key binding Macro | |
1230 ------------------------- | |
1231 C-c C-c C-s @strong | |
1232 C-c C-c C-e @emph | |
1233 C-c C-c u @uref | |
1234 C-c C-c q @quotation | |
1235 C-c C-c m @email | |
1236 C-c C-o @<block> ... @end <block> | |
1237 M-RET @item | |
1238 | |
1239 *** The " key now inserts either " or `` or '' depending on context. | |
1240 | |
1241 ** Changes in Outline mode. | |
1242 | |
1243 There is now support for Imenu to index headings. A new command | |
1244 `outline-headers-as-kill' copies the visible headings in the region to | |
1245 the kill ring, e.g. to produce a table of contents. | |
1246 | |
1247 ** Changes to Emacs Server | |
1248 | |
1249 *** The new option `server-kill-new-buffers' specifies what to do | |
1250 with buffers when done with them. If non-nil, the default, buffers | |
1251 are killed, unless they were already present before visiting them with | |
1252 Emacs Server. If nil, `server-temp-file-regexp' specifies which | |
1253 buffers to kill, as before. | |
1254 | |
1255 Please note that only buffers are killed that still have a client, | |
1256 i.e. buffers visited with `emacsclient --no-wait' are never killed in | |
1257 this way. | |
1258 | |
1259 ** Both emacsclient and Emacs itself now accept command line options | |
1260 of the form +LINE:COLUMN in addition to +LINE. | |
1261 | |
1262 ** Changes to Show Paren mode. | |
1263 | |
1264 *** Overlays used by Show Paren mode now use a priority property. | |
1265 The new user option show-paren-priority specifies the priority to | |
1266 use. Default is 1000. | |
1267 | |
1268 ** New command M-x check-parens can be used to find unbalanced paren | |
1269 groups and strings in buffers in Lisp mode (or other modes). | |
1270 | |
1271 ** Changes to hideshow.el | |
1272 | |
1273 *** Generalized block selection and traversal | |
1274 | |
1275 A block is now recognized by its start and end regexps (both strings), | |
1276 and an integer specifying which sub-expression in the start regexp | |
1277 serves as the place where a `forward-sexp'-like function can operate. | |
1278 See the documentation of variable `hs-special-modes-alist'. | |
1279 | |
1280 *** During incremental search, if Hideshow minor mode is active, | |
1281 hidden blocks are temporarily shown. The variable `hs-headline' can | |
1282 be used in the mode line format to show the line at the beginning of | |
1283 the open block. | |
1284 | |
1285 *** User option `hs-hide-all-non-comment-function' specifies a | |
1286 function to be called at each top-level block beginning, instead of | |
1287 the normal block-hiding function. | |
1288 | |
1289 *** The command `hs-show-region' has been removed. | |
1290 | |
1291 *** The key bindings have changed to fit the Emacs conventions, | |
1292 roughly imitating those of Outline minor mode. Notably, the prefix | |
1293 for all bindings is now `C-c @'. For details, see the documentation | |
1294 for `hs-minor-mode'. | |
1295 | |
1296 *** The variable `hs-show-hidden-short-form' has been removed, and | |
1297 hideshow.el now always behaves as if this variable were set to t. | |
1298 | |
1299 ** Changes to Change Log mode and Add-Log functions | |
1300 | |
1301 *** If you invoke `add-change-log-entry' from a backup file, it makes | |
1302 an entry appropriate for the file's parent. This is useful for making | |
1303 log entries by comparing a version with deleted functions. | |
1304 | |
1305 **** New command M-x change-log-merge merges another log into the | |
1306 current buffer. | |
1307 | |
1308 *** New command M-x change-log-redate fixes any old-style date entries | |
1309 in a log file. | |
1310 | |
1311 *** Change Log mode now adds a file's version number to change log | |
1312 entries if user-option `change-log-version-info-enabled' is non-nil. | |
1313 Unless the file is under version control the search for a file's | |
1314 version number is performed based on regular expressions from | |
1315 `change-log-version-number-regexp-list' which can be customized. | |
1316 Version numbers are only found in the first 10 percent of a file. | |
1317 | |
1318 *** Change Log mode now defines its own faces for font-lock highlighting. | |
1319 | |
1320 ** Changes to cmuscheme | |
1321 | |
1322 *** The user-option `scheme-program-name' has been renamed | |
1323 `cmuscheme-program-name' due to conflicts with xscheme.el. | |
1324 | |
1325 ** Changes in Font Lock | |
1326 | |
1327 *** The new function `font-lock-remove-keywords' can be used to remove | |
1328 font-lock keywords from the current buffer or from a specific major mode. | |
1329 | |
1330 *** Multi-line patterns are now supported. Modes using this, should | |
1331 set font-lock-multiline to t in their font-lock-defaults. | |
1332 | |
1333 *** `font-lock-syntactic-face-function' allows major-modes to choose | |
1334 the face used for each string/comment. | |
1335 | |
1336 *** A new standard face `font-lock-doc-face'. | |
1337 Meant for Lisp docstrings, Javadoc comments and other "documentation in code". | |
1338 | |
1339 ** Changes to Shell mode | |
1340 | |
1341 *** The `shell' command now accepts an optional argument to specify the buffer | |
1342 to use, which defaults to "*shell*". When used interactively, a | |
1343 non-default buffer may be specified by giving the `shell' command a | |
1344 prefix argument (causing it to prompt for the buffer name). | |
1345 | |
1346 ** Comint (subshell) changes | |
1347 | |
1348 These changes generally affect all modes derived from comint mode, which | |
1349 include shell-mode, gdb-mode, scheme-interaction-mode, etc. | |
1350 | |
1351 *** Comint now by default interprets some carriage-control characters. | |
1352 Comint now removes CRs from CR LF sequences, and treats single CRs and | |
1353 BSs in the output in a way similar to a terminal (by deleting to the | |
1354 beginning of the line, or deleting the previous character, | |
1355 respectively). This is achieved by adding `comint-carriage-motion' to | |
1356 the `comint-output-filter-functions' hook by default. | |
1357 | |
1358 *** By default, comint no longer uses the variable `comint-prompt-regexp' | |
1359 to distinguish prompts from user-input. Instead, it notices which | |
1360 parts of the text were output by the process, and which entered by the | |
1361 user, and attaches `field' properties to allow emacs commands to use | |
1362 this information. Common movement commands, notably beginning-of-line, | |
1363 respect field boundaries in a fairly natural manner. To disable this | |
1364 feature, and use the old behavior, customize the user option | |
1365 `comint-use-prompt-regexp-instead-of-fields'. | |
1366 | |
1367 *** Comint now includes new features to send commands to running processes | |
1368 and redirect the output to a designated buffer or buffers. | |
1369 | |
1370 *** The command M-x comint-redirect-send-command reads a command and | |
1371 buffer name from the mini-buffer. The command is sent to the current | |
1372 buffer's process, and its output is inserted into the specified buffer. | |
1373 | |
1374 The command M-x comint-redirect-send-command-to-process acts like | |
1375 M-x comint-redirect-send-command but additionally reads the name of | |
1376 the buffer whose process should be used from the mini-buffer. | |
1377 | |
1378 *** Packages based on comint now highlight user input and program prompts, | |
1379 and support choosing previous input with mouse-2. To control these features, | |
1380 see the user-options `comint-highlight-input' and `comint-highlight-prompt'. | |
1381 | |
1382 *** The new command `comint-write-output' (usually bound to `C-c C-s') | |
1383 saves the output from the most recent command to a file. With a prefix | |
1384 argument, it appends to the file. | |
1385 | |
1386 *** The command `comint-kill-output' has been renamed `comint-delete-output' | |
1387 (usually bound to `C-c C-o'); the old name is aliased to it for | |
1388 compatibility. | |
1389 | |
1390 *** The new function `comint-add-to-input-history' adds commands to the input | |
1391 ring (history). | |
1392 | |
1393 *** The new variable `comint-input-history-ignore' is a regexp for | |
1394 identifying history lines that should be ignored, like tcsh time-stamp | |
1395 strings, starting with a `#'. The default value of this variable is "^#". | |
1396 | |
1397 ** Changes to Rmail mode | |
1398 | |
1399 *** The new user-option rmail-user-mail-address-regexp can be | |
1400 set to fine tune the identification of the correspondent when | |
1401 receiving new mail. If it matches the address of the sender, the | |
1402 recipient is taken as correspondent of a mail. If nil, the default, | |
1403 `user-login-name' and `user-mail-address' are used to exclude yourself | |
1404 as correspondent. | |
1405 | |
1406 Usually you don't have to set this variable, except if you collect | |
1407 mails sent by you under different user names. Then it should be a | |
1408 regexp matching your mail addresses. | |
1409 | |
1410 *** The new user-option rmail-confirm-expunge controls whether and how | |
1411 to ask for confirmation before expunging deleted messages from an | |
1412 Rmail file. You can choose between no confirmation, confirmation | |
1413 with y-or-n-p, or confirmation with yes-or-no-p. Default is to ask | |
1414 for confirmation with yes-or-no-p. | |
1415 | |
1416 *** RET is now bound in the Rmail summary to rmail-summary-goto-msg, | |
1417 like `j'. | |
1418 | |
1419 *** There is a new user option `rmail-digest-end-regexps' that | |
1420 specifies the regular expressions to detect the line that ends a | |
1421 digest message. | |
1422 | |
1423 *** The new user option `rmail-automatic-folder-directives' specifies | |
1424 in which folder to put messages automatically. | |
1425 | |
1426 *** The new function `rmail-redecode-body' allows to fix a message | |
1427 with non-ASCII characters if Emacs happens to decode it incorrectly | |
1428 due to missing or malformed "charset=" header. | |
1429 | |
1430 ** The new user-option `mail-envelope-from' can be used to specify | |
1431 an envelope-from address different from user-mail-address. | |
1432 | |
1433 ** The variable mail-specify-envelope-from controls whether to | |
1434 use the -f option when sending mail. | |
1435 | |
1436 ** The Rmail command `o' (`rmail-output-to-rmail-file') now writes the | |
1437 current message in the internal `emacs-mule' encoding, rather than in | |
1438 the encoding taken from the variable `buffer-file-coding-system'. | |
1439 This allows to save messages whose characters cannot be safely encoded | |
1440 by the buffer's coding system, and makes sure the message will be | |
1441 displayed correctly when you later visit the target Rmail file. | |
1442 | |
1443 If you want your Rmail files be encoded in a specific coding system | |
1444 other than `emacs-mule', you can customize the variable | |
1445 `rmail-file-coding-system' to set its value to that coding system. | |
1446 | |
1447 ** Changes to TeX mode | |
1448 | |
1449 *** The default mode has been changed from `plain-tex-mode' to | |
1450 `latex-mode'. | |
1451 | |
1452 *** latex-mode now has a simple indentation algorithm. | |
1453 | |
1454 *** M-f and M-p jump around \begin...\end pairs. | |
1455 | |
1456 *** Added support for outline-minor-mode. | |
1457 | |
1458 ** Changes to RefTeX mode | |
1459 | |
1460 *** RefTeX has new support for index generation. Index entries can be | |
1461 created with `C-c <', with completion available on index keys. | |
1462 Pressing `C-c /' indexes the word at the cursor with a default | |
1463 macro. `C-c >' compiles all index entries into an alphabetically | |
1464 sorted *Index* buffer which looks like the final index. Entries | |
1465 can be edited from that buffer. | |
1466 | |
1467 *** Label and citation key selection now allow to select several | |
1468 items and reference them together (use `m' to mark items, `a' or | |
1469 `A' to use all marked entries). | |
1470 | |
1471 *** reftex.el has been split into a number of smaller files to reduce | |
1472 memory use when only a part of RefTeX is being used. | |
1473 | |
1474 *** a new command `reftex-view-crossref-from-bibtex' (bound to `C-c &' | |
1475 in BibTeX-mode) can be called in a BibTeX database buffer in order | |
1476 to show locations in LaTeX documents where a particular entry has | |
1477 been cited. | |
1478 | |
1479 ** Emacs Lisp mode now allows multiple levels of outline headings. | |
1480 The level of a heading is determined from the number of leading | |
1481 semicolons in a heading line. Toplevel forms starting with a `(' | |
1482 in column 1 are always made leaves. | |
1483 | |
1484 ** The M-x time-stamp command (most commonly used on write-file-hooks) | |
1485 has the following new features: | |
1486 | |
1487 *** The patterns for finding the time stamp and for updating a pattern | |
1488 may match text spanning multiple lines. For example, some people like | |
1489 to have the filename and date on separate lines. The new variable | |
1490 time-stamp-inserts-lines controls the matching for multi-line patterns. | |
1491 | |
1492 *** More than one time stamp can be updated in the same file. This | |
1493 feature is useful if you need separate time stamps in a program source | |
1494 file to both include in formatted documentation and insert in the | |
1495 compiled binary. The same time-stamp will be written at each matching | |
1496 pattern. The variable time-stamp-count enables this new feature; it | |
1497 defaults to 1. | |
1498 | |
1499 ** Partial Completion mode now completes environment variables in | |
1500 file names. | |
1501 | |
1502 ** Ispell changes | |
1503 | |
1504 *** The command `ispell' now spell-checks a region if | |
1505 transient-mark-mode is on, and the mark is active. Otherwise it | |
1506 spell-checks the current buffer. | |
1507 | |
1508 *** Support for synchronous subprocesses - DOS/Windoze - has been | |
1509 added. | |
1510 | |
1511 *** An "alignment error" bug was fixed when a manual spelling | |
1512 correction is made and re-checked. | |
1513 | |
1514 *** Italian, Portuguese, and Slovak dictionary definitions have been added. | |
1515 | |
1516 *** Region skipping performance has been vastly improved in some | |
1517 cases. | |
1518 | |
1519 *** Spell checking HTML buffers has been improved and isn't so strict | |
1520 on syntax errors. | |
1521 | |
1522 *** The buffer-local words are now always placed on a new line at the | |
1523 end of the buffer. | |
1524 | |
1525 *** Spell checking now works in the MS-DOS version of Emacs. | |
1526 | |
1527 *** The variable `ispell-format-word' has been renamed to | |
1528 `ispell-format-word-function'. The old name is still available as | |
1529 alias. | |
1530 | |
1531 ** Makefile mode changes | |
1532 | |
1533 *** The mode now uses the abbrev table `makefile-mode-abbrev-table'. | |
1534 | |
1535 *** Conditionals and include statements are now highlighted when | |
1536 Fontlock mode is active. | |
1537 | |
1538 ** Isearch changes | |
1539 | |
1540 *** Isearch now puts a call to `isearch-resume' in the command history, | |
1541 so that searches can be resumed. | |
1542 | |
1543 *** In Isearch mode, C-M-s and C-M-r are now bound like C-s and C-r, | |
1544 respectively, i.e. you can repeat a regexp isearch with the same keys | |
1545 that started the search. | |
1546 | |
1547 *** In Isearch mode, mouse-2 in the echo area now yanks the current | |
1548 selection into the search string rather than giving an error. | |
1549 | |
1550 *** There is a new lazy highlighting feature in incremental search. | |
1551 | |
1552 Lazy highlighting is switched on/off by customizing variable | |
1553 `isearch-lazy-highlight'. When active, all matches for the current | |
1554 search string are highlighted. The current match is highlighted as | |
1555 before using face `isearch' or `region'. All other matches are | |
1556 highlighted using face `isearch-lazy-highlight-face' which defaults to | |
1557 `secondary-selection'. | |
1558 | |
1559 The extra highlighting makes it easier to anticipate where the cursor | |
1560 will end up each time you press C-s or C-r to repeat a pending search. | |
1561 Highlighting of these additional matches happens in a deferred fashion | |
1562 using "idle timers," so the cycles needed do not rob isearch of its | |
1563 usual snappy response. | |
1564 | |
1565 If `isearch-lazy-highlight-cleanup' is set to t, highlights for | |
1566 matches are automatically cleared when you end the search. If it is | |
1567 set to nil, you can remove the highlights manually with `M-x | |
1568 isearch-lazy-highlight-cleanup'. | |
1569 | |
1570 ** VC Changes | |
1571 | |
1572 VC has been overhauled internally. It is now modular, making it | |
1573 easier to plug-in arbitrary version control backends. (See Lisp | |
1574 Changes for details on the new structure.) As a result, the mechanism | |
1575 to enable and disable support for particular version systems has | |
1576 changed: everything is now controlled by the new variable | |
1577 `vc-handled-backends'. Its value is a list of symbols that identify | |
1578 version systems; the default is '(RCS CVS SCCS). When finding a file, | |
1579 each of the backends in that list is tried in order to see whether the | |
1580 file is registered in that backend. | |
1581 | |
1582 When registering a new file, VC first tries each of the listed | |
1583 backends to see if any of them considers itself "responsible" for the | |
1584 directory of the file (e.g. because a corresponding subdirectory for | |
1585 master files exists). If none of the backends is responsible, then | |
1586 the first backend in the list that could register the file is chosen. | |
1587 As a consequence, the variable `vc-default-back-end' is now obsolete. | |
1588 | |
1589 The old variable `vc-master-templates' is also obsolete, although VC | |
1590 still supports it for backward compatibility. To define templates for | |
1591 RCS or SCCS, you should rather use the new variables | |
1592 vc-{rcs,sccs}-master-templates. (There is no such feature under CVS | |
1593 where it doesn't make sense.) | |
1594 | |
1595 The variables `vc-ignore-vc-files' and `vc-handle-cvs' are also | |
1596 obsolete now, you must set `vc-handled-backends' to nil or exclude | |
1597 `CVS' from the list, respectively, to achieve their effect now. | |
1598 | |
1599 *** General Changes | |
1600 | |
1601 The variable `vc-checkout-carefully' is obsolete: the corresponding | |
1602 checks are always done now. | |
1603 | |
1604 VC Dired buffers are now kept up-to-date during all version control | |
1605 operations. | |
1606 | |
1607 `vc-diff' output is now displayed in `diff-mode'. | |
1608 `vc-print-log' uses `log-view-mode'. | |
1609 `vc-log-mode' (used for *VC-Log*) has been replaced by `log-edit-mode'. | |
1610 | |
1611 The command C-x v m (vc-merge) now accepts an empty argument as the | |
1612 first revision number. This means that any recent changes on the | |
1613 current branch should be picked up from the repository and merged into | |
1614 the working file (``merge news''). | |
1615 | |
1616 The commands C-x v s (vc-create-snapshot) and C-x v r | |
1617 (vc-retrieve-snapshot) now ask for a directory name from which to work | |
1618 downwards. | |
1619 | |
1620 *** Multiple Backends | |
1621 | |
1622 VC now lets you register files in more than one backend. This is | |
1623 useful, for example, if you are working with a slow remote CVS | |
1624 repository. You can then use RCS for local editing, and occasionally | |
1625 commit your changes back to CVS, or pick up changes from CVS into your | |
1626 local RCS archives. | |
1627 | |
1628 To make this work, the ``more local'' backend (RCS in our example) | |
1629 should come first in `vc-handled-backends', and the ``more remote'' | |
1630 backend (CVS) should come later. (The default value of | |
1631 `vc-handled-backends' already has it that way.) | |
1632 | |
1633 You can then commit changes to another backend (say, RCS), by typing | |
1634 C-u C-x v v RCS RET (i.e. vc-next-action now accepts a backend name as | |
1635 a revision number). VC registers the file in the more local backend | |
1636 if that hasn't already happened, and commits to a branch based on the | |
1637 current revision number from the more remote backend. | |
1638 | |
1639 If a file is registered in multiple backends, you can switch to | |
1640 another one using C-x v b (vc-switch-backend). This does not change | |
1641 any files, it only changes VC's perspective on the file. Use this to | |
1642 pick up changes from CVS while working under RCS locally. | |
1643 | |
1644 After you are done with your local RCS editing, you can commit your | |
1645 changes back to CVS using C-u C-x v v CVS RET. In this case, the | |
1646 local RCS archive is removed after the commit, and the log entry | |
1647 buffer is initialized to contain the entire RCS change log of the file. | |
1648 | |
1649 *** Changes for CVS | |
1650 | |
1651 There is a new user option, `vc-cvs-stay-local'. If it is `t' (the | |
1652 default), then VC avoids network queries for files registered in | |
1653 remote repositories. The state of such files is then only determined | |
1654 by heuristics and past information. `vc-cvs-stay-local' can also be a | |
1655 regexp to match against repository hostnames; only files from hosts | |
1656 that match it are treated locally. If the variable is nil, then VC | |
1657 queries the repository just as often as it does for local files. | |
1658 | |
1659 If `vc-cvs-stay-local' is on, then VC also makes local backups of | |
1660 repository versions. This means that ordinary diffs (C-x v =) and | |
1661 revert operations (C-x v u) can be done completely locally, without | |
1662 any repository interactions at all. The name of a local version | |
1663 backup of FILE is FILE.~REV.~, where REV is the repository version | |
1664 number. This format is similar to that used by C-x v ~ | |
1665 (vc-version-other-window), except for the trailing dot. As a matter | |
1666 of fact, the two features can each use the files created by the other, | |
1667 the only difference being that files with a trailing `.' are deleted | |
1668 automatically after commit. (This feature doesn't work on MS-DOS, | |
1669 since DOS disallows more than a single dot in the trunk of a file | |
1670 name.) | |
1671 | |
1672 If `vc-cvs-stay-local' is on, and there have been changes in the | |
1673 repository, VC notifies you about it when you actually try to commit. | |
1674 If you want to check for updates from the repository without trying to | |
1675 commit, you can either use C-x v m RET to perform an update on the | |
1676 current file, or you can use C-x v r RET to get an update for an | |
1677 entire directory tree. | |
1678 | |
1679 The new user option `vc-cvs-use-edit' indicates whether VC should call | |
1680 "cvs edit" to make files writeable; it defaults to `t'. (This option | |
1681 is only meaningful if the CVSREAD variable is set, or if files are | |
1682 "watched" by other developers.) | |
1683 | |
1684 The commands C-x v s (vc-create-snapshot) and C-x v r | |
1685 (vc-retrieve-snapshot) are now also implemented for CVS. If you give | |
1686 an empty snapshot name to the latter, that performs a `cvs update', | |
1687 starting at the given directory. | |
1688 | |
1689 *** Lisp Changes in VC | |
1690 | |
1691 VC has been restructured internally to make it modular. You can now | |
1692 add support for arbitrary version control backends by writing a | |
1693 library that provides a certain set of backend-specific functions, and | |
1694 then telling VC to use that library. For example, to add support for | |
1695 a version system named SYS, you write a library named vc-sys.el, which | |
1696 provides a number of functions vc-sys-... (see commentary at the top | |
1697 of vc.el for a detailed list of them). To make VC use that library, | |
1698 you need to put it somewhere into Emacs' load path and add the symbol | |
1699 `SYS' to the list `vc-handled-backends'. | |
1700 | |
1701 ** The customizable EDT emulation package now supports the EDT | |
1702 SUBS command and EDT scroll margins. It also works with more | |
1703 terminal/keyboard configurations and it now works under XEmacs. | |
1704 See etc/edt-user.doc for more information. | |
1705 | |
1706 ** New modes and packages | |
1707 | |
1708 *** The new global minor mode `minibuffer-electric-default-mode' | |
1709 automatically hides the `(default ...)' part of minibuffer prompts when | |
1710 the default is not applicable. | |
1711 | |
1712 *** Artist is an Emacs lisp package that allows you to draw lines, | |
1713 rectangles and ellipses by using your mouse and/or keyboard. The | |
1714 shapes are made up with the ascii characters |, -, / and \. | |
1715 | |
1716 Features are: | |
1717 | |
1718 - Intersecting: When a `|' intersects with a `-', a `+' is | |
1719 drawn, like this: | \ / | |
1720 --+-- X | |
1721 | / \ | |
1722 | |
1723 - Rubber-banding: When drawing lines you can interactively see the | |
1724 result while holding the mouse button down and moving the mouse. If | |
1725 your machine is not fast enough (a 386 is a bit too slow, but a | |
1726 pentium is well enough), you can turn this feature off. You will | |
1727 then see 1's and 2's which mark the 1st and 2nd endpoint of the line | |
1728 you are drawing. | |
1729 | |
1730 - Arrows: After having drawn a (straight) line or a (straight) | |
1731 poly-line, you can set arrows on the line-ends by typing < or >. | |
1732 | |
1733 - Flood-filling: You can fill any area with a certain character by | |
1734 flood-filling. | |
1735 | |
1736 - Cut copy and paste: You can cut, copy and paste rectangular | |
1737 regions. Artist also interfaces with the rect package (this can be | |
1738 turned off if it causes you any trouble) so anything you cut in | |
1739 artist can be yanked with C-x r y and vice versa. | |
1740 | |
1741 - Drawing with keys: Everything you can do with the mouse, you can | |
1742 also do without the mouse. | |
1743 | |
1744 - Aspect-ratio: You can set the variable artist-aspect-ratio to | |
1745 reflect the height-width ratio for the font you are using. Squares | |
1746 and circles are then drawn square/round. Note, that once your | |
1747 ascii-file is shown with font with a different height-width ratio, | |
1748 the squares won't be square and the circles won't be round. | |
1749 | |
1750 - Drawing operations: The following drawing operations are implemented: | |
1751 | |
1752 lines straight-lines | |
1753 rectangles squares | |
1754 poly-lines straight poly-lines | |
1755 ellipses circles | |
1756 text (see-thru) text (overwrite) | |
1757 spray-can setting size for spraying | |
1758 vaporize line vaporize lines | |
1759 erase characters erase rectangles | |
1760 | |
1761 Straight lines are lines that go horizontally, vertically or | |
1762 diagonally. Plain lines go in any direction. The operations in | |
1763 the right column are accessed by holding down the shift key while | |
1764 drawing. | |
1765 | |
1766 It is possible to vaporize (erase) entire lines and connected lines | |
1767 (rectangles for example) as long as the lines being vaporized are | |
1768 straight and connected at their endpoints. Vaporizing is inspired | |
1769 by the drawrect package by Jari Aalto <jari.aalto@poboxes.com>. | |
1770 | |
1771 - Picture mode compatibility: Artist is picture mode compatible (this | |
1772 can be turned off). | |
1773 | |
1774 *** The new package Eshell is an operating system command shell | |
1775 implemented entirely in Emacs Lisp. Use `M-x eshell' to invoke it. | |
1776 It functions similarly to bash and zsh, and allows running of Lisp | |
1777 functions and external commands using the same syntax. It supports | |
1778 history lists, aliases, extended globbing, smart scrolling, etc. It | |
1779 will work on any platform Emacs has been ported to. And since most of | |
1780 the basic commands -- ls, rm, mv, cp, ln, du, cat, etc. -- have been | |
1781 rewritten in Lisp, it offers an operating-system independent shell, | |
1782 all within the scope of your Emacs process. | |
1783 | |
1784 *** The new package timeclock.el is a mode is for keeping track of time | |
1785 intervals. You can use it for whatever purpose you like, but the | |
1786 typical scenario is to keep track of how much time you spend working | |
1787 on certain projects. | |
1788 | |
1789 *** The new package hi-lock.el provides commands to highlight matches | |
1790 of interactively entered regexps. For example, | |
1791 | |
1792 M-x highlight-regexp RET clearly RET RET | |
1793 | |
1794 will highlight all occurrences of `clearly' using a yellow background | |
1795 face. New occurrences of `clearly' will be highlighted as they are | |
1796 typed. `M-x unhighlight-regexp RET' will remove the highlighting. | |
1797 Any existing face can be used for highlighting and a set of | |
1798 appropriate faces is provided. The regexps can be written into the | |
1799 current buffer in a form that will be recognized the next time the | |
1800 corresponding file is read. There are commands to highlight matches | |
1801 to phrases and to highlight entire lines containing a match. | |
1802 | |
1803 *** The new package zone.el plays games with Emacs' display when | |
1804 Emacs is idle. | |
1805 | |
1806 *** The new package tildify.el allows to add hard spaces or other text | |
1807 fragments in accordance with the current major mode. | |
1808 | |
1809 *** The new package xml.el provides a simple but generic XML | |
1810 parser. It doesn't parse the DTDs however. | |
1811 | |
1812 *** The comment operations are now provided by the newcomment.el | |
1813 package which allows different styles of comment-region and should | |
1814 be more robust while offering the same functionality. | |
1815 `comment-region' now doesn't always comment a-line-at-a-time, but only | |
1816 comments the region, breaking the line at point if necessary. | |
1817 | |
1818 *** The Ebrowse package implements a C++ class browser and tags | |
1819 facilities tailored for use with C++. It is documented in a | |
1820 separate Texinfo file. | |
1821 | |
1822 *** The PCL-CVS package available by either running M-x cvs-examine or | |
1823 by visiting a CVS administrative directory (with a prefix argument) | |
1824 provides an alternative interface to VC-dired for CVS. It comes with | |
1825 `log-view-mode' to view RCS and SCCS logs and `log-edit-mode' used to | |
1826 enter check-in log messages. | |
1827 | |
1828 *** The new package called `woman' allows to browse Unix man pages | |
1829 without invoking external programs. | |
1830 | |
1831 The command `M-x woman' formats manual pages entirely in Emacs Lisp | |
1832 and then displays them, like `M-x manual-entry' does. Unlike | |
1833 `manual-entry', `woman' does not invoke any external programs, so it | |
1834 is useful on systems such as MS-DOS/MS-Windows where the `man' and | |
1835 Groff or `troff' commands are not readily available. | |
1836 | |
1837 The command `M-x woman-find-file' asks for the file name of a man | |
1838 page, then formats and displays it like `M-x woman' does. | |
1839 | |
1840 *** The new command M-x re-builder offers a convenient interface for | |
1841 authoring regular expressions with immediate visual feedback. | |
1842 | |
1843 The buffer from which the command was called becomes the target for | |
1844 the regexp editor popping up in a separate window. Matching text in | |
1845 the target buffer is immediately color marked during the editing. | |
1846 Each sub-expression of the regexp will show up in a different face so | |
1847 even complex regexps can be edited and verified on target data in a | |
1848 single step. | |
1849 | |
1850 On displays not supporting faces the matches instead blink like | |
1851 matching parens to make them stand out. On such a setup you will | |
1852 probably also want to use the sub-expression mode when the regexp | |
1853 contains such to get feedback about their respective limits. | |
1854 | |
1855 *** glasses-mode is a minor mode that makes | |
1856 unreadableIdentifiersLikeThis readable. It works as glasses, without | |
1857 actually modifying content of a buffer. | |
1858 | |
1859 *** The package ebnf2ps translates an EBNF to a syntactic chart in | |
1860 PostScript. | |
1861 | |
1862 Currently accepts ad-hoc EBNF, ISO EBNF and Bison/Yacc. | |
1863 | |
1864 The ad-hoc default EBNF syntax has the following elements: | |
1865 | |
1866 ; comment (until end of line) | |
1867 A non-terminal | |
1868 "C" terminal | |
1869 ?C? special | |
1870 $A default non-terminal | |
1871 $"C" default terminal | |
1872 $?C? default special | |
1873 A = B. production (A is the header and B the body) | |
1874 C D sequence (C occurs before D) | |
1875 C | D alternative (C or D occurs) | |
1876 A - B exception (A excluding B, B without any non-terminal) | |
1877 n * A repetition (A repeats n (integer) times) | |
1878 (C) group (expression C is grouped together) | |
1879 [C] optional (C may or not occurs) | |
1880 C+ one or more occurrences of C | |
1881 {C}+ one or more occurrences of C | |
1882 {C}* zero or more occurrences of C | |
1883 {C} zero or more occurrences of C | |
1884 C / D equivalent to: C {D C}* | |
1885 {C || D}+ equivalent to: C {D C}* | |
1886 {C || D}* equivalent to: [C {D C}*] | |
1887 {C || D} equivalent to: [C {D C}*] | |
1888 | |
1889 Please, see ebnf2ps documentation for EBNF syntax and how to use it. | |
1890 | |
1891 *** The package align.el will align columns within a region, using M-x | |
1892 align. Its mode-specific rules, based on regular expressions, | |
1893 determine where the columns should be split. In C and C++, for | |
1894 example, it will align variable names in declaration lists, or the | |
1895 equal signs of assignments. | |
1896 | |
1897 *** `paragraph-indent-minor-mode' is a new minor mode supporting | |
1898 paragraphs in the same style as `paragraph-indent-text-mode'. | |
1899 | |
1900 *** bs.el is a new package for buffer selection similar to | |
1901 list-buffers or electric-buffer-list. Use M-x bs-show to display a | |
1902 buffer menu with this package. See the Custom group `bs'. | |
1903 | |
1904 *** find-lisp.el is a package emulating the Unix find command in Lisp. | |
1905 | |
1906 *** calculator.el is a small calculator package that is intended to | |
1907 replace desktop calculators such as xcalc and calc.exe. Actually, it | |
1908 is not too small - it has more features than most desktop calculators, | |
1909 and can be customized easily to get many more functions. It should | |
1910 not be confused with "calc" which is a much bigger mathematical tool | |
1911 which answers different needs. | |
1912 | |
1913 *** The minor modes cwarn-mode and global-cwarn-mode highlights | |
1914 suspicious C and C++ constructions. Currently, assignments inside | |
1915 expressions, semicolon following `if', `for' and `while' (except, of | |
1916 course, after a `do .. while' statement), and C++ functions with | |
1917 reference parameters are recognized. The modes require font-lock mode | |
1918 to be enabled. | |
1919 | |
1920 *** smerge-mode.el provides `smerge-mode', a simple minor-mode for files | |
1921 containing diff3-style conflict markers, such as generated by RCS. | |
1922 | |
1923 *** 5x5.el is a simple puzzle game. | |
1924 | |
1925 *** hl-line.el provides `hl-line-mode', a minor mode to highlight the | |
1926 current line in the current buffer. It also provides | |
1927 `global-hl-line-mode' to provide the same behavior in all buffers. | |
1928 | |
1929 *** ansi-color.el translates ANSI terminal escapes into text-properties. | |
1930 | |
1931 Please note: if `ansi-color-for-comint-mode' and | |
1932 `global-font-lock-mode' are non-nil, loading ansi-color.el will | |
1933 disable font-lock and add `ansi-color-apply' to | |
1934 `comint-preoutput-filter-functions' for all shell-mode buffers. This | |
1935 displays the output of "ls --color=yes" using the correct foreground | |
1936 and background colors. | |
1937 | |
1938 *** delphi.el provides a major mode for editing the Delphi (Object | |
1939 Pascal) language. | |
1940 | |
1941 *** quickurl.el provides a simple method of inserting a URL based on | |
1942 the text at point. | |
1943 | |
1944 *** sql.el provides an interface to SQL data bases. | |
1945 | |
1946 *** fortune.el uses the fortune program to create mail/news signatures. | |
1947 | |
1948 *** whitespace.el is a package for warning about and cleaning bogus | |
1949 whitespace in a file. | |
1950 | |
1951 *** PostScript mode (ps-mode) is a new major mode for editing PostScript | |
1952 files. It offers: interaction with a PostScript interpreter, including | |
1953 (very basic) error handling; fontification, easily customizable for | |
1954 interpreter messages; auto-indentation; insertion of EPSF templates and | |
1955 often used code snippets; viewing of BoundingBox; commenting out / | |
1956 uncommenting regions; conversion of 8bit characters to PostScript octal | |
1957 codes. All functionality is accessible through a menu. | |
1958 | |
1959 *** delim-col helps to prettify columns in a text region or rectangle. | |
1960 | |
1961 Here is an example of columns: | |
1962 | |
1963 horse apple bus | |
1964 dog pineapple car EXTRA | |
1965 porcupine strawberry airplane | |
1966 | |
1967 Doing the following settings: | |
1968 | |
1969 (setq delimit-columns-str-before "[ ") | |
1970 (setq delimit-columns-str-after " ]") | |
1971 (setq delimit-columns-str-separator ", ") | |
1972 (setq delimit-columns-separator "\t") | |
1973 | |
1974 | |
1975 Selecting the lines above and typing: | |
1976 | |
1977 M-x delimit-columns-region | |
1978 | |
1979 It results: | |
1980 | |
1981 [ horse , apple , bus , ] | |
1982 [ dog , pineapple , car , EXTRA ] | |
1983 [ porcupine, strawberry, airplane, ] | |
1984 | |
1985 delim-col has the following options: | |
1986 | |
1987 delimit-columns-str-before Specify a string to be inserted | |
1988 before all columns. | |
1989 | |
1990 delimit-columns-str-separator Specify a string to be inserted | |
1991 between each column. | |
1992 | |
1993 delimit-columns-str-after Specify a string to be inserted | |
1994 after all columns. | |
1995 | |
1996 delimit-columns-separator Specify a regexp which separates | |
1997 each column. | |
1998 | |
1999 delim-col has the following commands: | |
2000 | |
2001 delimit-columns-region Prettify all columns in a text region. | |
2002 delimit-columns-rectangle Prettify all columns in a text rectangle. | |
2003 | |
2004 *** Recentf mode maintains a menu for visiting files that were | |
2005 operated on recently. User option recentf-menu-filter specifies a | |
2006 menu filter function to change the menu appearance. For example, the | |
2007 recent file list can be displayed: | |
2008 | |
2009 - organized by major modes, directories or user defined rules. | |
2010 - sorted by file paths, file names, ascending or descending. | |
2011 - showing paths relative to the current default-directory | |
2012 | |
2013 The `recentf-filter-changer' menu filter function allows to | |
2014 dynamically change the menu appearance. | |
2015 | |
2016 *** elide-head.el provides a mechanism for eliding boilerplate header | |
2017 text. | |
2018 | |
2019 *** footnote.el provides `footnote-mode', a minor mode supporting use | |
2020 of footnotes. It is intended for use with Message mode, but isn't | |
2021 specific to Message mode. | |
2022 | |
2023 *** diff-mode.el provides `diff-mode', a major mode for | |
2024 viewing/editing context diffs (patches). It is selected for files | |
2025 with extension `.diff', `.diffs', `.patch' and `.rej'. | |
2026 | |
2027 *** EUDC, the Emacs Unified Directory Client, provides a common user | |
2028 interface to access directory servers using different directory | |
2029 protocols. It has a separate manual. | |
2030 | |
2031 *** autoconf.el provides a major mode for editing configure.in files | |
2032 for Autoconf, selected automatically. | |
2033 | |
2034 *** windmove.el provides moving between windows. | |
2035 | |
2036 *** crm.el provides a facility to read multiple strings from the | |
2037 minibuffer with completion. | |
2038 | |
2039 *** todo-mode.el provides management of TODO lists and integration | |
2040 with the diary features. | |
2041 | |
2042 *** autoarg.el provides a feature reported from Twenex Emacs whereby | |
2043 numeric keys supply prefix args rather than self inserting. | |
2044 | |
2045 *** The function `turn-off-auto-fill' unconditionally turns off Auto | |
2046 Fill mode. | |
2047 | |
2048 *** pcomplete.el is a library that provides programmable completion | |
2049 facilities for Emacs, similar to what zsh and tcsh offer. The main | |
2050 difference is that completion functions are written in Lisp, meaning | |
2051 they can be profiled, debugged, etc. | |
2052 | |
2053 *** antlr-mode is a new major mode for editing ANTLR grammar files. | |
2054 It is automatically turned on for files whose names have the extension | |
2055 `.g'. | |
2056 | |
2057 ** Changes in sort.el | |
2058 | |
2059 The function sort-numeric-fields interprets numbers starting with `0' | |
2060 as octal and numbers starting with `0x' or `0X' as hexadecimal. The | |
2061 new user-option sort-numeric-base can be used to specify a default | |
2062 numeric base. | |
2063 | |
2064 ** Changes to Ange-ftp | |
2065 | |
2066 *** Ange-ftp allows you to specify of a port number in remote file | |
2067 names cleanly. It is appended to the host name, separated by a hash | |
2068 sign, e.g. `/foo@bar.org#666:mumble'. (This syntax comes from EFS.) | |
2069 | |
2070 *** If the new user-option `ange-ftp-try-passive-mode' is set, passive | |
2071 ftp mode will be used if the ftp client supports that. | |
2072 | |
2073 *** Ange-ftp handles the output of the w32-style clients which | |
2074 output ^M at the end of lines. | |
2075 | |
2076 ** The recommended way of using Iswitchb is via the new global minor | |
2077 mode `iswitchb-mode'. | |
2078 | |
2079 ** Just loading the msb package doesn't switch on Msb mode anymore. | |
2080 If you have `(require 'msb)' in your .emacs, please replace it with | |
2081 `(msb-mode 1)'. | |
2082 | |
2083 ** Changes in Flyspell mode | |
2084 | |
2085 *** Flyspell mode has various new options. See the `flyspell' Custom | |
2086 group. | |
2087 | |
2088 *** The variable `flyspell-generic-check-word-p' has been renamed | |
2089 to `flyspell-generic-check-word-predicate'. The old name is still | |
2090 available as alias. | |
2091 | |
2092 ** The user option `backward-delete-char-untabify-method' controls the | |
2093 behavior of `backward-delete-char-untabify'. The following values | |
2094 are recognized: | |
2095 | |
2096 `untabify' -- turn a tab to many spaces, then delete one space; | |
2097 `hungry' -- delete all whitespace, both tabs and spaces; | |
2098 `all' -- delete all whitespace, including tabs, spaces and newlines; | |
2099 nil -- just delete one character. | |
2100 | |
2101 Default value is `untabify'. | |
2102 | |
2103 [This change was made in Emacs 20.3 but not mentioned then.] | |
2104 | |
2105 ** In Cperl mode `cperl-invalid-face' should now be a normal face | |
2106 symbol, not double-quoted. | |
2107 | |
2108 ** Some packages are declared obsolete, to be removed in a future | |
2109 version. They are: auto-show, c-mode, hilit19, hscroll, ooutline, | |
2110 profile, rnews, rnewspost, and sc. Their implementations have been | |
2111 moved to lisp/obsolete. | |
2112 | |
2113 ** auto-compression mode is no longer enabled just by loading jka-compr.el. | |
2114 To control it, set `auto-compression-mode' via Custom or use the | |
2115 `auto-compression-mode' command. | |
2116 | |
2117 ** `browse-url-gnome-moz' is a new option for | |
2118 `browse-url-browser-function', invoking Mozilla in GNOME, and | |
2119 `browse-url-kde' can be chosen for invoking the KDE browser. | |
2120 | |
2121 ** The user-option `browse-url-new-window-p' has been renamed to | |
2122 `browse-url-new-window-flag'. | |
2123 | |
2124 ** The functions `keep-lines', `flush-lines' and `how-many' now | |
2125 operate on the active region in Transient Mark mode. | |
2126 | |
2127 ** `gnus-user-agent' is a new possibility for `mail-user-agent'. It | |
2128 is like `message-user-agent', but with all the Gnus paraphernalia. | |
2129 | |
2130 ** The Strokes package has been updated. If your Emacs has XPM | |
2131 support, you can use it for pictographic editing. In Strokes mode, | |
2132 use C-mouse-2 to compose a complex stoke and insert it into the | |
2133 buffer. You can encode or decode a strokes buffer with new commands | |
2134 M-x strokes-encode-buffer and M-x strokes-decode-buffer. There is a | |
2135 new command M-x strokes-list-strokes. | |
2136 | |
2137 ** Hexl contains a new command `hexl-insert-hex-string' which inserts | |
2138 a string of hexadecimal numbers read from the mini-buffer. | |
2139 | |
2140 ** Hexl mode allows to insert non-ASCII characters. | |
2141 | |
2142 The non-ASCII characters are encoded using the same encoding as the | |
2143 file you are visiting in Hexl mode. | |
2144 | |
2145 ** Shell script mode changes. | |
2146 | |
2147 Shell script mode (sh-script) can now indent scripts for shells | |
2148 derived from sh and rc. The indentation style is customizable, and | |
2149 sh-script can attempt to "learn" the current buffer's style. | |
2150 | |
2151 ** Etags changes. | |
2152 | |
2153 *** In DOS, etags looks for file.cgz if it cannot find file.c. | |
2154 | |
2155 *** New option --ignore-case-regex is an alternative to --regex. It is now | |
2156 possible to bind a regexp to a language, by prepending the regexp with | |
2157 {lang}, where lang is one of the languages that `etags --help' prints out. | |
2158 This feature is useful especially for regex files, where each line contains | |
2159 a regular expression. The manual contains details. | |
2160 | |
2161 *** In C and derived languages, etags creates tags for function | |
2162 declarations when given the --declarations option. | |
2163 | |
2164 *** In C++, tags are created for "operator". The tags have the form | |
2165 "operator+", without spaces between the keyword and the operator. | |
2166 | |
2167 *** You shouldn't generally need any more the -C or -c++ option: etags | |
2168 automatically switches to C++ parsing when it meets the `class' or | |
2169 `template' keywords. | |
2170 | |
2171 *** Etags now is able to delve at arbitrary deeps into nested structures in | |
2172 C-like languages. Previously, it was limited to one or two brace levels. | |
2173 | |
2174 *** New language Ada: tags are functions, procedures, packages, tasks, and | |
2175 types. | |
2176 | |
2177 *** In Fortran, `procedure' is not tagged. | |
2178 | |
2179 *** In Java, tags are created for "interface". | |
2180 | |
2181 *** In Lisp, "(defstruct (foo", "(defun (operator" and similar constructs | |
2182 are now tagged. | |
2183 | |
2184 *** In makefiles, tags the targets. | |
2185 | |
2186 *** In Perl, the --globals option tags global variables. my and local | |
2187 variables are tagged. | |
2188 | |
2189 *** New language Python: def and class at the beginning of a line are tags. | |
2190 | |
2191 *** .ss files are Scheme files, .pdb is Postscript with C syntax, .psw is | |
2192 for PSWrap. | |
2193 | |
2194 ** Changes in etags.el | |
2195 | |
2196 *** The new user-option tags-case-fold-search can be used to make | |
2197 tags operations case-sensitive or case-insensitive. The default | |
2198 is to use the same setting as case-fold-search. | |
2199 | |
2200 *** You can display additional output with M-x tags-apropos by setting | |
2201 the new variable tags-apropos-additional-actions. | |
2202 | |
2203 If non-nil, the variable's value should be a list of triples (TITLE | |
2204 FUNCTION TO-SEARCH). For each triple, M-x tags-apropos processes | |
2205 TO-SEARCH and lists tags from it. TO-SEARCH should be an alist, | |
2206 obarray, or symbol. If it is a symbol, the symbol's value is used. | |
2207 | |
2208 TITLE is a string to use to label the list of tags from TO-SEARCH. | |
2209 | |
2210 FUNCTION is a function to call when an entry is selected in the Tags | |
2211 List buffer. It is called with one argument, the selected symbol. | |
2212 | |
2213 A useful example value for this variable might be something like: | |
2214 | |
2215 '(("Emacs Lisp" Info-goto-emacs-command-node obarray) | |
2216 ("Common Lisp" common-lisp-hyperspec common-lisp-hyperspec-obarray) | |
2217 ("SCWM" scwm-documentation scwm-obarray)) | |
2218 | |
2219 *** The face tags-tag-face can be used to customize the appearance | |
2220 of tags in the output of M-x tags-apropos. | |
2221 | |
2222 *** Setting tags-apropos-verbose to a non-nil value displays the | |
2223 names of tags files in the *Tags List* buffer. | |
2224 | |
2225 *** You can now search for tags that are part of the filename itself. | |
2226 If you have tagged the files topfile.c subdir/subfile.c | |
2227 /tmp/tempfile.c, you can now search for tags "topfile.c", "subfile.c", | |
2228 "dir/sub", "tempfile", "tempfile.c". If the tag matches the file name, | |
2229 point will go to the beginning of the file. | |
2230 | |
2231 *** Compressed files are now transparently supported if | |
2232 auto-compression-mode is active. You can tag (with Etags) and search | |
2233 (with find-tag) both compressed and uncompressed files. | |
2234 | |
2235 *** Tags commands like M-x tags-search no longer change point | |
2236 in buffers where no match is found. In buffers where a match is | |
2237 found, the original value of point is pushed on the marker ring. | |
2238 | |
2239 ** Fortran mode has a new command `fortran-strip-sequence-nos' to | |
2240 remove text past column 72. The syntax class of `\' in Fortran is now | |
2241 appropriate for C-style escape sequences in strings. | |
2242 | |
2243 ** SGML mode's default `sgml-validate-command' is now `nsgmls'. | |
2244 | |
2245 ** A new command `view-emacs-problems' (C-h P) displays the PROBLEMS file. | |
2246 | |
2247 ** The Dabbrev package has a new user-option `dabbrev-ignored-regexps' | |
2248 containing a list of regular expressions. Buffers matching a regular | |
2249 expression from that list, are not checked. | |
2250 | |
2251 ** Emacs can now figure out modification times of remote files. | |
2252 When you do C-x C-f /user@host:/path/file RET and edit the file, | |
2253 and someone else modifies the file, you will be prompted to revert | |
2254 the buffer, just like for the local files. | |
2255 | |
2256 ** The buffer menu (C-x C-b) no longer lists the *Buffer List* buffer. | |
2257 | |
2258 ** When invoked with a prefix argument, the command `list-abbrevs' now | |
2259 displays local abbrevs, only. | |
2260 | |
2261 ** Refill minor mode provides preliminary support for keeping | |
2262 paragraphs filled as you modify them. | |
2263 | |
2264 ** The variable `double-click-fuzz' specifies how much the mouse | |
2265 may be moved between clicks that are recognized as a pair. Its value | |
2266 is measured in pixels. | |
2267 | |
2268 ** The new global minor mode `auto-image-file-mode' allows image files | |
2269 to be visited as images. | |
2270 | |
2271 ** Two new user-options `grep-command' and `grep-find-command' | |
2272 were added to compile.el. | |
2273 | |
2274 ** Withdrawn packages | |
2275 | |
2276 *** mldrag.el has been removed. mouse.el provides the same | |
2277 functionality with aliases for the mldrag functions. | |
2278 | |
2279 *** eval-reg.el has been obsoleted by changes to edebug.el and removed. | |
2280 | |
2281 *** ph.el has been obsoleted by EUDC and removed. | |
2282 | |
2283 | |
2284 * Incompatible Lisp changes in 21.1 | |
2285 | |
2286 There are a few Lisp changes which are not backwards-compatible and | |
2287 may require changes to existing code. Here is a list for reference. | |
2288 See the sections below for details. | |
2289 | |
2290 ** Since `format' preserves text properties, the idiom | |
2291 `(format "%s" foo)' no longer works to copy and remove properties. | |
2292 Use `copy-sequence' to copy the string, then use `set-text-properties' | |
2293 to remove the properties of the copy. | |
2294 | |
2295 ** Since the `keymap' text property now has significance, some code | |
2296 which uses both `local-map' and `keymap' properties (for portability) | |
2297 may, for instance, give rise to duplicate menus when the keymaps from | |
2298 these properties are active. | |
2299 | |
2300 ** The change in the treatment of non-ASCII characters in search | |
2301 ranges may affect some code. | |
2302 | |
2303 ** A non-nil value for the LOCAL arg of add-hook makes the hook | |
2304 buffer-local even if `make-local-hook' hasn't been called, which might | |
2305 make a difference to some code. | |
2306 | |
2307 ** The new treatment of the minibuffer prompt might affect code which | |
2308 operates on the minibuffer. | |
2309 | |
2310 ** The new character sets `eight-bit-control' and `eight-bit-graphic' | |
2311 cause `no-conversion' and `emacs-mule-unix' coding systems to produce | |
2312 different results when reading files with non-ASCII characters | |
2313 (previously, both coding systems would produce the same results). | |
2314 Specifically, `no-conversion' interprets each 8-bit byte as a separate | |
2315 character. This makes `no-conversion' inappropriate for reading | |
2316 multibyte text, e.g. buffers written to disk in their internal MULE | |
2317 encoding (auto-saving does that, for example). If a Lisp program | |
2318 reads such files with `no-conversion', each byte of the multibyte | |
2319 sequence, including the MULE leading codes such as \201, is treated as | |
2320 a separate character, which prevents them from being interpreted in | |
2321 the buffer as multibyte characters. | |
2322 | |
2323 Therefore, Lisp programs that read files which contain the internal | |
2324 MULE encoding should use `emacs-mule-unix'. `no-conversion' is only | |
2325 appropriate for reading truly binary files. | |
2326 | |
2327 ** Code that relies on the obsolete `before-change-function' and | |
2328 `after-change-function' to detect buffer changes will now fail. Use | |
2329 `before-change-functions' and `after-change-functions' instead. | |
2330 | |
2331 ** Code that uses `concat' with integer args now gets an error, as | |
2332 long promised. So does any code that uses derivatives of `concat', | |
2333 such as `mapconcat'. | |
2334 | |
2335 ** The function base64-decode-string now always returns a unibyte | |
2336 string. | |
2337 | |
2338 ** Not a Lisp incompatibility as such but, with the introduction of | |
2339 extra private charsets, there is now only one slot free for a new | |
2340 dimension-2 private charset. User code which tries to add more than | |
2341 one extra will fail unless you rebuild Emacs with some standard | |
2342 charset(s) removed; that is probably inadvisable because it changes | |
2343 the emacs-mule encoding. Also, files stored in the emacs-mule | |
2344 encoding using Emacs 20 with additional private charsets defined will | |
2345 probably not be read correctly by Emacs 21. | |
2346 | |
2347 ** The variable `directory-sep-char' is slated for removal. | |
2348 Not really a change (yet), but a projected one that you should be | |
2349 aware of: The variable `directory-sep-char' is deprecated, and should | |
2350 not be used. It was always ignored on GNU/Linux and Unix systems and | |
2351 on MS-DOS, but the MS-Windows port tried to support it by adapting the | |
2352 behavior of certain primitives to the value of this variable. It | |
2353 turned out that such support cannot be reliable, so it was decided to | |
2354 remove this variable in the near future. Lisp programs are well | |
2355 advised not to set it to anything but '/', because any different value | |
2356 will not have any effect when support for this variable is removed. | |
2357 | |
2358 | |
2359 * Lisp changes made after edition 2.6 of the Emacs Lisp Manual, | |
2360 (Display-related features are described in a page of their own below.) | |
2361 | |
2362 ** Function assq-delete-all replaces function assoc-delete-all. | |
2363 | |
2364 ** The new function animate-string, from lisp/play/animate.el | |
2365 allows the animated display of strings. | |
2366 | |
2367 ** The new function `interactive-form' can be used to obtain the | |
2368 interactive form of a function. | |
2369 | |
2370 ** The keyword :set-after in defcustom allows to specify dependencies | |
2371 between custom options. Example: | |
2372 | |
2373 (defcustom default-input-method nil | |
2374 "*Default input method for multilingual text (a string). | |
2375 This is the input method activated automatically by the command | |
2376 `toggle-input-method' (\\[toggle-input-method])." | |
2377 :group 'mule | |
2378 :type '(choice (const nil) string) | |
2379 :set-after '(current-language-environment)) | |
2380 | |
2381 This specifies that default-input-method should be set after | |
2382 current-language-environment even if default-input-method appears | |
2383 first in a custom-set-variables statement. | |
2384 | |
2385 ** The new hook `kbd-macro-termination-hook' is run at the end of | |
2386 function execute-kbd-macro. Functions on this hook are called with no | |
2387 args. The hook is run independent of how the macro was terminated | |
2388 (signal or normal termination). | |
2389 | |
2390 ** Functions `butlast' and `nbutlast' for removing trailing elements | |
2391 from a list are now available without requiring the CL package. | |
2392 | |
2393 ** The new user-option `even-window-heights' can be set to nil | |
2394 to prevent `display-buffer' from evening out window heights. | |
2395 | |
2396 ** The user-option `face-font-registry-alternatives' specifies | |
2397 alternative font registry names to try when looking for a font. | |
2398 | |
2399 ** Function `md5' calculates the MD5 "message digest"/"checksum". | |
2400 | |
2401 ** Function `delete-frame' runs `delete-frame-hook' before actually | |
2402 deleting the frame. The hook is called with one arg, the frame | |
2403 being deleted. | |
2404 | |
2405 ** `add-hook' now makes the hook local if called with a non-nil LOCAL arg. | |
2406 | |
2407 ** The treatment of non-ASCII characters in search ranges has changed. | |
2408 If a range in a regular expression or the arg of | |
2409 skip-chars-forward/backward starts with a unibyte character C and ends | |
2410 with a multibyte character C2, the range is divided into two: one is | |
2411 C..?\377, the other is C1..C2, where C1 is the first character of C2's | |
2412 charset. | |
2413 | |
2414 ** The new function `display-message-or-buffer' displays a message in | |
2415 the echo area or pops up a buffer, depending on the length of the | |
2416 message. | |
2417 | |
2418 ** The new macro `with-auto-compression-mode' allows evaluating an | |
2419 expression with auto-compression-mode enabled. | |
2420 | |
2421 ** In image specifications, `:heuristic-mask' has been replaced | |
2422 with the more general `:mask' property. | |
2423 | |
2424 ** Image specifications accept more `:conversion's. | |
2425 | |
2426 ** A `?' can be used in a symbol name without escaping it with a | |
2427 backslash. | |
2428 | |
2429 ** Reading from the mini-buffer now reads from standard input if Emacs | |
2430 is running in batch mode. For example, | |
2431 | |
2432 (message "%s" (read t)) | |
2433 | |
2434 will read a Lisp expression from standard input and print the result | |
2435 to standard output. | |
2436 | |
2437 ** The argument of `down-list', `backward-up-list', `up-list', | |
2438 `kill-sexp', `backward-kill-sexp' and `mark-sexp' is now optional. | |
2439 | |
2440 ** If `display-buffer-reuse-frames' is set, function `display-buffer' | |
2441 will raise frames displaying a buffer, instead of creating a new | |
2442 frame or window. | |
2443 | |
2444 ** Two new functions for removing elements from lists/sequences | |
2445 were added | |
2446 | |
2447 - Function: remove ELT SEQ | |
2448 | |
2449 Return a copy of SEQ with all occurrences of ELT removed. SEQ must be | |
2450 a list, vector, or string. The comparison is done with `equal'. | |
2451 | |
2452 - Function: remq ELT LIST | |
2453 | |
2454 Return a copy of LIST with all occurrences of ELT removed. The | |
2455 comparison is done with `eq'. | |
2456 | |
2457 ** The function `delete' now also works with vectors and strings. | |
2458 | |
2459 ** The meaning of the `:weakness WEAK' argument of make-hash-table | |
2460 has been changed: WEAK can now have new values `key-or-value' and | |
2461 `key-and-value', in addition to `nil', `key', `value', and `t'. | |
2462 | |
2463 ** Function `aset' stores any multibyte character in any string | |
2464 without signaling "Attempt to change char length of a string". It may | |
2465 convert a unibyte string to multibyte if necessary. | |
2466 | |
2467 ** The value of the `help-echo' text property is called as a function | |
2468 or evaluated, if it is not a string already, to obtain a help string. | |
2469 | |
2470 ** Function `make-obsolete' now has an optional arg to say when the | |
2471 function was declared obsolete. | |
2472 | |
2473 ** Function `plist-member' is renamed from `widget-plist-member' (which is | |
2474 retained as an alias). | |
2475 | |
2476 ** Easy-menu's :filter now takes the unconverted form of the menu and | |
2477 the result is automatically converted to Emacs' form. | |
2478 | |
2479 ** The new function `window-list' has been defined | |
2480 | |
2481 - Function: window-list &optional FRAME WINDOW MINIBUF | |
2482 | |
2483 Return a list of windows on FRAME, starting with WINDOW. FRAME nil or | |
2484 omitted means use the selected frame. WINDOW nil or omitted means use | |
2485 the selected window. MINIBUF t means include the minibuffer window, | |
2486 even if it isn't active. MINIBUF nil or omitted means include the | |
2487 minibuffer window only if it's active. MINIBUF neither nil nor t | |
2488 means never include the minibuffer window. | |
2489 | |
2490 ** There's a new function `get-window-with-predicate' defined as follows | |
2491 | |
2492 - Function: get-window-with-predicate PREDICATE &optional MINIBUF ALL-FRAMES DEFAULT | |
2493 | |
2494 Return a window satisfying PREDICATE. | |
2495 | |
2496 This function cycles through all visible windows using `walk-windows', | |
2497 calling PREDICATE on each one. PREDICATE is called with a window as | |
2498 argument. The first window for which PREDICATE returns a non-nil | |
2499 value is returned. If no window satisfies PREDICATE, DEFAULT is | |
2500 returned. | |
2501 | |
2502 Optional second arg MINIBUF t means count the minibuffer window even | |
2503 if not active. MINIBUF nil or omitted means count the minibuffer iff | |
2504 it is active. MINIBUF neither t nor nil means not to count the | |
2505 minibuffer even if it is active. | |
2506 | |
2507 Several frames may share a single minibuffer; if the minibuffer | |
2508 counts, all windows on all frames that share that minibuffer count | |
2509 too. Therefore, if you are using a separate minibuffer frame | |
2510 and the minibuffer is active and MINIBUF says it counts, | |
2511 `walk-windows' includes the windows in the frame from which you | |
2512 entered the minibuffer, as well as the minibuffer window. | |
2513 | |
2514 ALL-FRAMES is the optional third argument. | |
2515 ALL-FRAMES nil or omitted means cycle within the frames as specified above. | |
2516 ALL-FRAMES = `visible' means include windows on all visible frames. | |
2517 ALL-FRAMES = 0 means include windows on all visible and iconified frames. | |
2518 ALL-FRAMES = t means include windows on all frames including invisible frames. | |
2519 If ALL-FRAMES is a frame, it means include windows on that frame. | |
2520 Anything else means restrict to the selected frame. | |
2521 | |
2522 ** The function `single-key-description' now encloses function key and | |
2523 event names in angle brackets. When called with a second optional | |
2524 argument non-nil, angle brackets won't be printed. | |
2525 | |
2526 ** If the variable `message-truncate-lines' is bound to t around a | |
2527 call to `message', the echo area will not be resized to display that | |
2528 message; it will be truncated instead, as it was done in 20.x. | |
2529 Default value is nil. | |
2530 | |
2531 ** The user option `line-number-display-limit' can now be set to nil, | |
2532 meaning no limit. | |
2533 | |
2534 ** The new user option `line-number-display-limit-width' controls | |
2535 the maximum width of lines in a buffer for which Emacs displays line | |
2536 numbers in the mode line. The default is 200. | |
2537 | |
2538 ** `select-safe-coding-system' now also checks the most preferred | |
2539 coding-system if buffer-file-coding-system is `undecided' and | |
2540 DEFAULT-CODING-SYSTEM is not specified, | |
2541 | |
2542 ** The function `subr-arity' provides information about the argument | |
2543 list of a primitive. | |
2544 | |
2545 ** `where-is-internal' now also accepts a list of keymaps. | |
2546 | |
2547 ** The text property `keymap' specifies a key map which overrides the | |
2548 buffer's local map and the map specified by the `local-map' property. | |
2549 This is probably what most current uses of `local-map' want, rather | |
2550 than replacing the local map. | |
2551 | |
2552 ** The obsolete variables `before-change-function' and | |
2553 `after-change-function' are no longer acted upon and have been | |
2554 removed. Use `before-change-functions' and `after-change-functions' | |
2555 instead. | |
2556 | |
2557 ** The function `apropos-mode' runs the hook `apropos-mode-hook'. | |
2558 | |
2559 ** `concat' no longer accepts individual integer arguments, | |
2560 as promised long ago. | |
2561 | |
2562 ** The new function `float-time' returns the current time as a float. | |
2563 | |
2564 ** The new variable auto-coding-regexp-alist specifies coding systems | |
2565 for reading specific files, analogous to auto-coding-alist, but | |
2566 patterns are checked against file contents instead of file names. | |
2567 | |
2568 | |
2569 * Lisp changes in Emacs 21.1 (see following page for display-related features) | |
2570 | |
2571 ** The new package rx.el provides an alternative sexp notation for | |
2572 regular expressions. | |
2573 | |
2574 - Function: rx-to-string SEXP | |
2575 | |
2576 Translate SEXP into a regular expression in string notation. | |
2577 | |
2578 - Macro: rx SEXP | |
2579 | |
2580 Translate SEXP into a regular expression in string notation. | |
2581 | |
2582 The following are valid subforms of regular expressions in sexp | |
2583 notation. | |
2584 | |
2585 STRING | |
2586 matches string STRING literally. | |
2587 | |
2588 CHAR | |
2589 matches character CHAR literally. | |
2590 | |
2591 `not-newline' | |
2592 matches any character except a newline. | |
2593 . | |
2594 `anything' | |
2595 matches any character | |
2596 | |
2597 `(any SET)' | |
2598 matches any character in SET. SET may be a character or string. | |
2599 Ranges of characters can be specified as `A-Z' in strings. | |
2600 | |
2601 '(in SET)' | |
2602 like `any'. | |
2603 | |
2604 `(not (any SET))' | |
2605 matches any character not in SET | |
2606 | |
2607 `line-start' | |
2608 matches the empty string, but only at the beginning of a line | |
2609 in the text being matched | |
2610 | |
2611 `line-end' | |
2612 is similar to `line-start' but matches only at the end of a line | |
2613 | |
2614 `string-start' | |
2615 matches the empty string, but only at the beginning of the | |
2616 string being matched against. | |
2617 | |
2618 `string-end' | |
2619 matches the empty string, but only at the end of the | |
2620 string being matched against. | |
2621 | |
2622 `buffer-start' | |
2623 matches the empty string, but only at the beginning of the | |
2624 buffer being matched against. | |
2625 | |
2626 `buffer-end' | |
2627 matches the empty string, but only at the end of the | |
2628 buffer being matched against. | |
2629 | |
2630 `point' | |
2631 matches the empty string, but only at point. | |
2632 | |
2633 `word-start' | |
2634 matches the empty string, but only at the beginning or end of a | |
2635 word. | |
2636 | |
2637 `word-end' | |
2638 matches the empty string, but only at the end of a word. | |
2639 | |
2640 `word-boundary' | |
2641 matches the empty string, but only at the beginning or end of a | |
2642 word. | |
2643 | |
2644 `(not word-boundary)' | |
2645 matches the empty string, but not at the beginning or end of a | |
2646 word. | |
2647 | |
2648 `digit' | |
2649 matches 0 through 9. | |
2650 | |
2651 `control' | |
2652 matches ASCII control characters. | |
2653 | |
2654 `hex-digit' | |
2655 matches 0 through 9, a through f and A through F. | |
2656 | |
2657 `blank' | |
2658 matches space and tab only. | |
2659 | |
2660 `graphic' | |
2661 matches graphic characters--everything except ASCII control chars, | |
2662 space, and DEL. | |
2663 | |
2664 `printing' | |
2665 matches printing characters--everything except ASCII control chars | |
2666 and DEL. | |
2667 | |
2668 `alphanumeric' | |
2669 matches letters and digits. (But at present, for multibyte characters, | |
2670 it matches anything that has word syntax.) | |
2671 | |
2672 `letter' | |
2673 matches letters. (But at present, for multibyte characters, | |
2674 it matches anything that has word syntax.) | |
2675 | |
2676 `ascii' | |
2677 matches ASCII (unibyte) characters. | |
2678 | |
2679 `nonascii' | |
2680 matches non-ASCII (multibyte) characters. | |
2681 | |
2682 `lower' | |
2683 matches anything lower-case. | |
2684 | |
2685 `upper' | |
2686 matches anything upper-case. | |
2687 | |
2688 `punctuation' | |
2689 matches punctuation. (But at present, for multibyte characters, | |
2690 it matches anything that has non-word syntax.) | |
2691 | |
2692 `space' | |
2693 matches anything that has whitespace syntax. | |
2694 | |
2695 `word' | |
2696 matches anything that has word syntax. | |
2697 | |
2698 `(syntax SYNTAX)' | |
2699 matches a character with syntax SYNTAX. SYNTAX must be one | |
2700 of the following symbols. | |
2701 | |
2702 `whitespace' (\\s- in string notation) | |
2703 `punctuation' (\\s.) | |
2704 `word' (\\sw) | |
2705 `symbol' (\\s_) | |
2706 `open-parenthesis' (\\s() | |
2707 `close-parenthesis' (\\s)) | |
2708 `expression-prefix' (\\s') | |
2709 `string-quote' (\\s\") | |
2710 `paired-delimiter' (\\s$) | |
2711 `escape' (\\s\\) | |
2712 `character-quote' (\\s/) | |
2713 `comment-start' (\\s<) | |
2714 `comment-end' (\\s>) | |
2715 | |
2716 `(not (syntax SYNTAX))' | |
2717 matches a character that has not syntax SYNTAX. | |
2718 | |
2719 `(category CATEGORY)' | |
2720 matches a character with category CATEGORY. CATEGORY must be | |
2721 either a character to use for C, or one of the following symbols. | |
2722 | |
2723 `consonant' (\\c0 in string notation) | |
2724 `base-vowel' (\\c1) | |
2725 `upper-diacritical-mark' (\\c2) | |
2726 `lower-diacritical-mark' (\\c3) | |
2727 `tone-mark' (\\c4) | |
2728 `symbol' (\\c5) | |
2729 `digit' (\\c6) | |
2730 `vowel-modifying-diacritical-mark' (\\c7) | |
2731 `vowel-sign' (\\c8) | |
2732 `semivowel-lower' (\\c9) | |
2733 `not-at-end-of-line' (\\c<) | |
2734 `not-at-beginning-of-line' (\\c>) | |
2735 `alpha-numeric-two-byte' (\\cA) | |
2736 `chinse-two-byte' (\\cC) | |
2737 `greek-two-byte' (\\cG) | |
2738 `japanese-hiragana-two-byte' (\\cH) | |
2739 `indian-two-byte' (\\cI) | |
2740 `japanese-katakana-two-byte' (\\cK) | |
2741 `korean-hangul-two-byte' (\\cN) | |
2742 `cyrillic-two-byte' (\\cY) | |
2743 `ascii' (\\ca) | |
2744 `arabic' (\\cb) | |
2745 `chinese' (\\cc) | |
2746 `ethiopic' (\\ce) | |
2747 `greek' (\\cg) | |
2748 `korean' (\\ch) | |
2749 `indian' (\\ci) | |
2750 `japanese' (\\cj) | |
2751 `japanese-katakana' (\\ck) | |
2752 `latin' (\\cl) | |
2753 `lao' (\\co) | |
2754 `tibetan' (\\cq) | |
2755 `japanese-roman' (\\cr) | |
2756 `thai' (\\ct) | |
2757 `vietnamese' (\\cv) | |
2758 `hebrew' (\\cw) | |
2759 `cyrillic' (\\cy) | |
2760 `can-break' (\\c|) | |
2761 | |
2762 `(not (category CATEGORY))' | |
2763 matches a character that has not category CATEGORY. | |
2764 | |
2765 `(and SEXP1 SEXP2 ...)' | |
2766 matches what SEXP1 matches, followed by what SEXP2 matches, etc. | |
2767 | |
2768 `(submatch SEXP1 SEXP2 ...)' | |
2769 like `and', but makes the match accessible with `match-end', | |
2770 `match-beginning', and `match-string'. | |
2771 | |
2772 `(group SEXP1 SEXP2 ...)' | |
2773 another name for `submatch'. | |
2774 | |
2775 `(or SEXP1 SEXP2 ...)' | |
2776 matches anything that matches SEXP1 or SEXP2, etc. If all | |
2777 args are strings, use `regexp-opt' to optimize the resulting | |
2778 regular expression. | |
2779 | |
2780 `(minimal-match SEXP)' | |
2781 produce a non-greedy regexp for SEXP. Normally, regexps matching | |
2782 zero or more occurrences of something are \"greedy\" in that they | |
2783 match as much as they can, as long as the overall regexp can | |
2784 still match. A non-greedy regexp matches as little as possible. | |
2785 | |
2786 `(maximal-match SEXP)' | |
2787 produce a greedy regexp for SEXP. This is the default. | |
2788 | |
2789 `(zero-or-more SEXP)' | |
2790 matches zero or more occurrences of what SEXP matches. | |
2791 | |
2792 `(0+ SEXP)' | |
2793 like `zero-or-more'. | |
2794 | |
2795 `(* SEXP)' | |
2796 like `zero-or-more', but always produces a greedy regexp. | |
2797 | |
2798 `(*? SEXP)' | |
2799 like `zero-or-more', but always produces a non-greedy regexp. | |
2800 | |
2801 `(one-or-more SEXP)' | |
2802 matches one or more occurrences of A. | |
2803 | |
2804 `(1+ SEXP)' | |
2805 like `one-or-more'. | |
2806 | |
2807 `(+ SEXP)' | |
2808 like `one-or-more', but always produces a greedy regexp. | |
2809 | |
2810 `(+? SEXP)' | |
2811 like `one-or-more', but always produces a non-greedy regexp. | |
2812 | |
2813 `(zero-or-one SEXP)' | |
2814 matches zero or one occurrences of A. | |
2815 | |
2816 `(optional SEXP)' | |
2817 like `zero-or-one'. | |
2818 | |
2819 `(? SEXP)' | |
2820 like `zero-or-one', but always produces a greedy regexp. | |
2821 | |
2822 `(?? SEXP)' | |
2823 like `zero-or-one', but always produces a non-greedy regexp. | |
2824 | |
2825 `(repeat N SEXP)' | |
2826 matches N occurrences of what SEXP matches. | |
2827 | |
2828 `(repeat N M SEXP)' | |
2829 matches N to M occurrences of what SEXP matches. | |
2830 | |
2831 `(eval FORM)' | |
2832 evaluate FORM and insert result. If result is a string, | |
2833 `regexp-quote' it. | |
2834 | |
2835 `(regexp REGEXP)' | |
2836 include REGEXP in string notation in the result. | |
2837 | |
2838 *** The features `md5' and `overlay' are now provided by default. | |
2839 | |
2840 *** The special form `save-restriction' now works correctly even if the | |
2841 buffer is widened inside the save-restriction and changes made outside | |
2842 the original restriction. Previously, doing this would cause the saved | |
2843 restriction to be restored incorrectly. | |
2844 | |
2845 *** The functions `find-charset-region' and `find-charset-string' include | |
2846 `eight-bit-control' and/or `eight-bit-graphic' in the returned list | |
2847 when they find 8-bit characters. Previously, they included `ascii' in a | |
2848 multibyte buffer and `unknown' in a unibyte buffer. | |
2849 | |
2850 *** The functions `set-buffer-multibyte', `string-as-multibyte' and | |
2851 `string-as-unibyte' change the byte sequence of a buffer or a string | |
2852 if it contains a character from the `eight-bit-control' character set. | |
2853 | |
2854 *** The handling of multibyte sequences in a multibyte buffer is | |
2855 changed. Previously, a byte sequence matching the pattern | |
2856 [\200-\237][\240-\377]+ was interpreted as a single character | |
2857 regardless of the length of the trailing bytes [\240-\377]+. Thus, if | |
2858 the sequence was longer than what the leading byte indicated, the | |
2859 extra trailing bytes were ignored by Lisp functions. Now such extra | |
2860 bytes are independent 8-bit characters belonging to the charset | |
2861 eight-bit-graphic. | |
2862 | |
2863 ** Fontsets are now implemented using char-tables. | |
2864 | |
2865 A fontset can now be specified for each independent character, for | |
2866 a group of characters or for a character set rather than just for a | |
2867 character set as previously. | |
2868 | |
2869 *** The arguments of the function `set-fontset-font' are changed. | |
2870 They are NAME, CHARACTER, FONTNAME, and optional FRAME. The function | |
2871 modifies fontset NAME to use FONTNAME for CHARACTER. | |
2872 | |
2873 CHARACTER may be a cons (FROM . TO), where FROM and TO are non-generic | |
2874 characters. In that case FONTNAME is used for all characters in the | |
2875 range FROM and TO (inclusive). CHARACTER may be a charset. In that | |
2876 case FONTNAME is used for all character in the charset. | |
2877 | |
2878 FONTNAME may be a cons (FAMILY . REGISTRY), where FAMILY is the family | |
2879 name of a font and REGISTRY is a registry name of a font. | |
2880 | |
2881 *** Variable x-charset-registry has been deleted. The default charset | |
2882 registries of character sets are set in the default fontset | |
2883 "fontset-default". | |
2884 | |
2885 *** The function `create-fontset-from-fontset-spec' ignores the second | |
2886 argument STYLE-VARIANT. It never creates style-variant fontsets. | |
2887 | |
2888 ** The method of composing characters is changed. Now character | |
2889 composition is done by a special text property `composition' in | |
2890 buffers and strings. | |
2891 | |
2892 *** Charset composition is deleted. Emacs never creates a `composite | |
2893 character' which is an independent character with a unique character | |
2894 code. Thus the following functions handling `composite characters' | |
2895 have been deleted: composite-char-component, | |
2896 composite-char-component-count, composite-char-composition-rule, | |
2897 composite-char-composition-rule and decompose-composite-char delete. | |
2898 The variables leading-code-composition and min-composite-char have | |
2899 also been deleted. | |
2900 | |
2901 *** Three more glyph reference points are added. They can be used to | |
2902 specify a composition rule. See the documentation of the variable | |
2903 `reference-point-alist' for more detail. | |
2904 | |
2905 *** The function `compose-region' takes new arguments COMPONENTS and | |
2906 MODIFICATION-FUNC. With COMPONENTS, you can specify not only a | |
2907 composition rule but also characters to be composed. Such characters | |
2908 may differ between buffer and string text. | |
2909 | |
2910 *** The function `compose-string' takes new arguments START, END, | |
2911 COMPONENTS, and MODIFICATION-FUNC. | |
2912 | |
2913 *** The function `compose-string' puts text property `composition' | |
2914 directly on the argument STRING instead of returning a new string. | |
2915 Likewise, the function `decompose-string' just removes text property | |
2916 `composition' from STRING. | |
2917 | |
2918 *** The new function `find-composition' returns information about | |
2919 a composition at a specified position in a buffer or a string. | |
2920 | |
2921 *** The function `decompose-composite-char' is now labeled as | |
2922 obsolete. | |
2923 | |
2924 ** The new coding system `mac-roman' is primarily intended for use on | |
2925 the Macintosh but may be used generally for Macintosh-encoded text. | |
2926 | |
2927 ** The new character sets `mule-unicode-0100-24ff', | |
2928 `mule-unicode-2500-33ff', and `mule-unicode-e000-ffff' have been | |
2929 introduced for Unicode characters in the range U+0100..U+24FF, | |
2930 U+2500..U+33FF, U+E000..U+FFFF respectively. | |
2931 | |
2932 Note that the character sets are not yet unified in Emacs, so | |
2933 characters which belong to charsets such as Latin-2, Greek, Hebrew, | |
2934 etc. and the same characters in the `mule-unicode-*' charsets are | |
2935 different characters, as far as Emacs is concerned. For example, text | |
2936 which includes Unicode characters from the Latin-2 locale cannot be | |
2937 encoded by Emacs with ISO 8859-2 coding system. | |
2938 | |
2939 ** The new coding system `mule-utf-8' has been added. | |
2940 It provides limited support for decoding/encoding UTF-8 text. For | |
2941 details, please see the documentation string of this coding system. | |
2942 | |
2943 ** The new character sets `japanese-jisx0213-1' and | |
2944 `japanese-jisx0213-2' have been introduced for the new Japanese | |
2945 standard JIS X 0213 Plane 1 and Plane 2. | |
2946 | |
2947 ** The new character sets `latin-iso8859-14' and `latin-iso8859-15' | |
2948 have been introduced. | |
2949 | |
2950 ** The new character sets `eight-bit-control' and `eight-bit-graphic' | |
2951 have been introduced for 8-bit characters in the ranges 0x80..0x9F and | |
2952 0xA0..0xFF respectively. Note that the multibyte representation of | |
2953 eight-bit-control is never exposed; this leads to an exception in the | |
2954 emacs-mule coding system, which encodes everything else to the | |
2955 buffer/string internal representation. Note that to search for | |
2956 eight-bit-graphic characters in a multibyte buffer, the search string | |
2957 must be multibyte, otherwise such characters will be converted to | |
2958 their multibyte equivalent. | |
2959 | |
2960 ** If the APPEND argument of `write-region' is an integer, it seeks to | |
2961 that offset in the file before writing. | |
2962 | |
2963 ** The function `add-minor-mode' has been added for convenience and | |
2964 compatibility with XEmacs (and is used internally by define-minor-mode). | |
2965 | |
2966 ** The function `shell-command' now sets the default directory of the | |
2967 `*Shell Command Output*' buffer to the default directory of the buffer | |
2968 from which the command was issued. | |
2969 | |
2970 ** The functions `query-replace', `query-replace-regexp', | |
2971 `query-replace-regexp-eval' `map-query-replace-regexp', | |
2972 `replace-string', `replace-regexp', and `perform-replace' take two | |
2973 additional optional arguments START and END that specify the region to | |
2974 operate on. | |
2975 | |
2976 ** The new function `count-screen-lines' is a more flexible alternative | |
2977 to `window-buffer-height'. | |
2978 | |
2979 - Function: count-screen-lines &optional BEG END COUNT-FINAL-NEWLINE WINDOW | |
2980 | |
2981 Return the number of screen lines in the region between BEG and END. | |
2982 The number of screen lines may be different from the number of actual | |
2983 lines, due to line breaking, display table, etc. | |
2984 | |
2985 Optional arguments BEG and END default to `point-min' and `point-max' | |
2986 respectively. | |
2987 | |
2988 If region ends with a newline, ignore it unless optional third argument | |
2989 COUNT-FINAL-NEWLINE is non-nil. | |
2990 | |
2991 The optional fourth argument WINDOW specifies the window used for | |
2992 obtaining parameters such as width, horizontal scrolling, and so | |
2993 on. The default is to use the selected window's parameters. | |
2994 | |
2995 Like `vertical-motion', `count-screen-lines' always uses the current | |
2996 buffer, regardless of which buffer is displayed in WINDOW. This makes | |
2997 possible to use `count-screen-lines' in any buffer, whether or not it | |
2998 is currently displayed in some window. | |
2999 | |
3000 ** The new function `mapc' is like `mapcar' but doesn't collect the | |
3001 argument function's results. | |
3002 | |
3003 ** The functions base64-decode-region and base64-decode-string now | |
3004 signal an error instead of returning nil if decoding fails. Also, | |
3005 `base64-decode-string' now always returns a unibyte string (in Emacs | |
3006 20, it returned a multibyte string when the result was a valid multibyte | |
3007 sequence). | |
3008 | |
3009 ** The function sendmail-user-agent-compose now recognizes a `body' | |
3010 header in the list of headers passed to it. | |
3011 | |
3012 ** The new function member-ignore-case works like `member', but | |
3013 ignores differences in case and text representation. | |
3014 | |
3015 ** The buffer-local variable cursor-type can be used to specify the | |
3016 cursor to use in windows displaying a buffer. Values are interpreted | |
3017 as follows: | |
3018 | |
3019 t use the cursor specified for the frame (default) | |
3020 nil don't display a cursor | |
3021 `bar' display a bar cursor with default width | |
3022 (bar . WIDTH) display a bar cursor with width WIDTH | |
3023 others display a box cursor. | |
3024 | |
3025 ** The variable open-paren-in-column-0-is-defun-start controls whether | |
3026 an open parenthesis in column 0 is considered to be the start of a | |
3027 defun. If set, the default, it is considered a defun start. If not | |
3028 set, an open parenthesis in column 0 has no special meaning. | |
3029 | |
3030 ** The new function `string-to-syntax' can be used to translate syntax | |
3031 specifications in string form as accepted by `modify-syntax-entry' to | |
3032 the cons-cell form that is used for the values of the `syntax-table' | |
3033 text property, and in `font-lock-syntactic-keywords'. | |
3034 | |
3035 Example: | |
3036 | |
3037 (string-to-syntax "()") | |
3038 => (4 . 41) | |
3039 | |
3040 ** Emacs' reader supports CL read syntax for integers in bases | |
3041 other than 10. | |
3042 | |
3043 *** `#BINTEGER' or `#bINTEGER' reads INTEGER in binary (radix 2). | |
3044 INTEGER optionally contains a sign. | |
3045 | |
3046 #b1111 | |
3047 => 15 | |
3048 #b-1111 | |
3049 => -15 | |
3050 | |
3051 *** `#OINTEGER' or `#oINTEGER' reads INTEGER in octal (radix 8). | |
3052 | |
3053 #o666 | |
3054 => 438 | |
3055 | |
3056 *** `#XINTEGER' or `#xINTEGER' reads INTEGER in hexadecimal (radix 16). | |
3057 | |
3058 #xbeef | |
3059 => 48815 | |
3060 | |
3061 *** `#RADIXrINTEGER' reads INTEGER in radix RADIX, 2 <= RADIX <= 36. | |
3062 | |
3063 #2R-111 | |
3064 => -7 | |
3065 #25rah | |
3066 => 267 | |
3067 | |
3068 ** The function `documentation-property' now evaluates the value of | |
3069 the given property to obtain a string if it doesn't refer to etc/DOC | |
3070 and isn't a string. | |
3071 | |
3072 ** If called for a symbol, the function `documentation' now looks for | |
3073 a `function-documentation' property of that symbol. If it has a non-nil | |
3074 value, the documentation is taken from that value. If the value is | |
3075 not a string, it is evaluated to obtain a string. | |
3076 | |
3077 ** The last argument of `define-key-after' defaults to t for convenience. | |
3078 | |
3079 ** The new function `replace-regexp-in-string' replaces all matches | |
3080 for a regexp in a string. | |
3081 | |
3082 ** `mouse-position' now runs the abnormal hook | |
3083 `mouse-position-function'. | |
3084 | |
3085 ** The function string-to-number now returns a float for numbers | |
3086 that don't fit into a Lisp integer. | |
3087 | |
3088 ** The variable keyword-symbols-constants-flag has been removed. | |
3089 Keywords are now always considered constants. | |
3090 | |
3091 ** The new function `delete-and-extract-region' deletes text and | |
3092 returns it. | |
3093 | |
3094 ** The function `clear-this-command-keys' now also clears the vector | |
3095 returned by function `recent-keys'. | |
3096 | |
3097 ** Variables `beginning-of-defun-function' and `end-of-defun-function' | |
3098 can be used to define handlers for the functions that find defuns. | |
3099 Major modes can define these locally instead of rebinding C-M-a | |
3100 etc. if the normal conventions for defuns are not appropriate for the | |
3101 mode. | |
3102 | |
3103 ** easy-mmode-define-minor-mode now takes an additional BODY argument | |
3104 and is renamed `define-minor-mode'. | |
3105 | |
3106 ** If an abbrev has a hook function which is a symbol, and that symbol | |
3107 has a non-nil `no-self-insert' property, the return value of the hook | |
3108 function specifies whether an expansion has been done or not. If it | |
3109 returns nil, abbrev-expand also returns nil, meaning "no expansion has | |
3110 been performed." | |
3111 | |
3112 When abbrev expansion is done by typing a self-inserting character, | |
3113 and the abbrev has a hook with the `no-self-insert' property, and the | |
3114 hook function returns non-nil meaning expansion has been done, | |
3115 then the self-inserting character is not inserted. | |
3116 | |
3117 ** The function `intern-soft' now accepts a symbol as first argument. | |
3118 In this case, that exact symbol is looked up in the specified obarray, | |
3119 and the function's value is nil if it is not found. | |
3120 | |
3121 ** The new macro `with-syntax-table' can be used to evaluate forms | |
3122 with the syntax table of the current buffer temporarily set to a | |
3123 specified table. | |
3124 | |
3125 (with-syntax-table TABLE &rest BODY) | |
3126 | |
3127 Evaluate BODY with syntax table of current buffer set to a copy of | |
3128 TABLE. The current syntax table is saved, BODY is evaluated, and the | |
3129 saved table is restored, even in case of an abnormal exit. Value is | |
3130 what BODY returns. | |
3131 | |
3132 ** Regular expressions now support intervals \{n,m\} as well as | |
3133 Perl's shy-groups \(?:...\) and non-greedy *? +? and ?? operators. | |
3134 Also back-references like \2 are now considered as an error if the | |
3135 corresponding subgroup does not exist (or is not closed yet). | |
3136 Previously it would have been silently turned into `2' (ignoring the `\'). | |
3137 | |
3138 ** The optional argument BUFFER of function file-local-copy has been | |
3139 removed since it wasn't used by anything. | |
3140 | |
3141 ** The file name argument of function `file-locked-p' is now required | |
3142 instead of being optional. | |
3143 | |
3144 ** The new built-in error `text-read-only' is signaled when trying to | |
3145 modify read-only text. | |
3146 | |
3147 ** New functions and variables for locales. | |
3148 | |
3149 The new variable `locale-coding-system' specifies how to encode and | |
3150 decode strings passed to low-level message functions like strerror and | |
3151 time functions like strftime. The new variables | |
3152 `system-messages-locale' and `system-time-locale' give the system | |
3153 locales to be used when invoking these two types of functions. | |
3154 | |
3155 The new function `set-locale-environment' sets the language | |
3156 environment, preferred coding system, and locale coding system from | |
3157 the system locale as specified by the LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, and LANG | |
3158 environment variables. Normally, it is invoked during startup and need | |
3159 not be invoked thereafter. It uses the new variables | |
3160 `locale-language-names', `locale-charset-language-names', and | |
3161 `locale-preferred-coding-systems' to make its decisions. | |
3162 | |
3163 ** syntax tables now understand nested comments. | |
3164 To declare a comment syntax as allowing nesting, just add an `n' | |
3165 modifier to either of the characters of the comment end and the comment | |
3166 start sequences. | |
3167 | |
3168 ** The function `pixmap-spec-p' has been renamed `bitmap-spec-p' | |
3169 because `bitmap' is more in line with the usual X terminology. | |
3170 | |
3171 ** New function `propertize' | |
3172 | |
3173 The new function `propertize' can be used to conveniently construct | |
3174 strings with text properties. | |
3175 | |
3176 - Function: propertize STRING &rest PROPERTIES | |
3177 | |
3178 Value is a copy of STRING with text properties assigned as specified | |
3179 by PROPERTIES. PROPERTIES is a sequence of pairs PROPERTY VALUE, with | |
3180 PROPERTY being the name of a text property and VALUE being the | |
3181 specified value of that property. Example: | |
3182 | |
3183 (propertize "foo" 'face 'bold 'read-only t) | |
3184 | |
3185 ** push and pop macros. | |
3186 | |
3187 Simple versions of the push and pop macros of Common Lisp | |
3188 are now defined in Emacs Lisp. These macros allow only symbols | |
3189 as the place that holds the list to be changed. | |
3190 | |
3191 (push NEWELT LISTNAME) add NEWELT to the front of LISTNAME's value. | |
3192 (pop LISTNAME) return first elt of LISTNAME, and remove it | |
3193 (thus altering the value of LISTNAME). | |
3194 | |
3195 ** New dolist and dotimes macros. | |
3196 | |
3197 Simple versions of the dolist and dotimes macros of Common Lisp | |
3198 are now defined in Emacs Lisp. | |
3199 | |
3200 (dolist (VAR LIST [RESULT]) BODY...) | |
3201 Execute body once for each element of LIST, | |
3202 using the variable VAR to hold the current element. | |
3203 Then return the value of RESULT, or nil if RESULT is omitted. | |
3204 | |
3205 (dotimes (VAR COUNT [RESULT]) BODY...) | |
3206 Execute BODY with VAR bound to successive integers running from 0, | |
3207 inclusive, to COUNT, exclusive. | |
3208 Then return the value of RESULT, or nil if RESULT is omitted. | |
3209 | |
3210 ** Regular expressions now support Posix character classes such as | |
3211 [:alpha:], [:space:] and so on. These must be used within a character | |
3212 class--for instance, [-[:digit:].+] matches digits or a period | |
3213 or a sign. | |
3214 | |
3215 [:digit:] matches 0 through 9 | |
3216 [:cntrl:] matches ASCII control characters | |
3217 [:xdigit:] matches 0 through 9, a through f and A through F. | |
3218 [:blank:] matches space and tab only | |
3219 [:graph:] matches graphic characters--everything except ASCII control chars, | |
3220 space, and DEL. | |
3221 [:print:] matches printing characters--everything except ASCII control chars | |
3222 and DEL. | |
3223 [:alnum:] matches letters and digits. | |
3224 (But at present, for multibyte characters, | |
3225 it matches anything that has word syntax.) | |
3226 [:alpha:] matches letters. | |
3227 (But at present, for multibyte characters, | |
3228 it matches anything that has word syntax.) | |
3229 [:ascii:] matches ASCII (unibyte) characters. | |
3230 [:nonascii:] matches non-ASCII (multibyte) characters. | |
3231 [:lower:] matches anything lower-case. | |
3232 [:punct:] matches punctuation. | |
3233 (But at present, for multibyte characters, | |
3234 it matches anything that has non-word syntax.) | |
3235 [:space:] matches anything that has whitespace syntax. | |
3236 [:upper:] matches anything upper-case. | |
3237 [:word:] matches anything that has word syntax. | |
3238 | |
3239 ** Emacs now has built-in hash tables. | |
3240 | |
3241 The following functions are defined for hash tables: | |
3242 | |
3243 - Function: make-hash-table ARGS | |
3244 | |
3245 The argument list ARGS consists of keyword/argument pairs. All arguments | |
3246 are optional. The following arguments are defined: | |
3247 | |
3248 :test TEST | |
3249 | |
3250 TEST must be a symbol specifying how to compare keys. Default is `eql'. | |
3251 Predefined are `eq', `eql' and `equal'. If TEST is not predefined, | |
3252 it must have been defined with `define-hash-table-test'. | |
3253 | |
3254 :size SIZE | |
3255 | |
3256 SIZE must be an integer > 0 giving a hint to the implementation how | |
3257 many elements will be put in the hash table. Default size is 65. | |
3258 | |
3259 :rehash-size REHASH-SIZE | |
3260 | |
3261 REHASH-SIZE specifies by how much to grow a hash table once it becomes | |
3262 full. If REHASH-SIZE is an integer, add that to the hash table's old | |
3263 size to get the new size. Otherwise, REHASH-SIZE must be a float > | |
3264 1.0, and the new size is computed by multiplying REHASH-SIZE with the | |
3265 old size. Default rehash size is 1.5. | |
3266 | |
3267 :rehash-threshold THRESHOLD | |
3268 | |
3269 THRESHOLD must be a float > 0 and <= 1.0 specifying when to resize the | |
3270 hash table. It is resized when the ratio of (number of entries) / | |
3271 (size of hash table) is >= THRESHOLD. Default threshold is 0.8. | |
3272 | |
3273 :weakness WEAK | |
3274 | |
3275 WEAK must be either nil, one of the symbols `key, `value', | |
3276 `key-or-value', `key-and-value', or t, meaning the same as | |
3277 `key-and-value'. Entries are removed from weak tables during garbage | |
3278 collection if their key and/or value are not referenced elsewhere | |
3279 outside of the hash table. Default are non-weak hash tables. | |
3280 | |
3281 - Function: makehash &optional TEST | |
3282 | |
3283 Similar to make-hash-table, but only TEST can be specified. | |
3284 | |
3285 - Function: hash-table-p TABLE | |
3286 | |
3287 Returns non-nil if TABLE is a hash table object. | |
3288 | |
3289 - Function: copy-hash-table TABLE | |
3290 | |
3291 Returns a copy of TABLE. Only the table itself is copied, keys and | |
3292 values are shared. | |
3293 | |
3294 - Function: hash-table-count TABLE | |
3295 | |
3296 Returns the number of entries in TABLE. | |
3297 | |
3298 - Function: hash-table-rehash-size TABLE | |
3299 | |
3300 Returns the rehash size of TABLE. | |
3301 | |
3302 - Function: hash-table-rehash-threshold TABLE | |
3303 | |
3304 Returns the rehash threshold of TABLE. | |
3305 | |
3306 - Function: hash-table-rehash-size TABLE | |
3307 | |
3308 Returns the size of TABLE. | |
3309 | |
3310 - Function: hash-table-test TABLE | |
3311 | |
3312 Returns the test TABLE uses to compare keys. | |
3313 | |
3314 - Function: hash-table-weakness TABLE | |
3315 | |
3316 Returns the weakness specified for TABLE. | |
3317 | |
3318 - Function: clrhash TABLE | |
3319 | |
3320 Clear TABLE. | |
3321 | |
3322 - Function: gethash KEY TABLE &optional DEFAULT | |
3323 | |
3324 Look up KEY in TABLE and return its associated VALUE or DEFAULT if | |
3325 not found. | |
3326 | |
3327 - Function: puthash KEY VALUE TABLE | |
3328 | |
3329 Associate KEY with VALUE in TABLE. If KEY is already associated with | |
3330 another value, replace the old value with VALUE. | |
3331 | |
3332 - Function: remhash KEY TABLE | |
3333 | |
3334 Remove KEY from TABLE if it is there. | |
3335 | |
3336 - Function: maphash FUNCTION TABLE | |
3337 | |
3338 Call FUNCTION for all elements in TABLE. FUNCTION must take two | |
3339 arguments KEY and VALUE. | |
3340 | |
3341 - Function: sxhash OBJ | |
3342 | |
3343 Return a hash code for Lisp object OBJ. | |
3344 | |
3345 - Function: define-hash-table-test NAME TEST-FN HASH-FN | |
3346 | |
3347 Define a new hash table test named NAME. If NAME is specified as | |
3348 a test in `make-hash-table', the table created will use TEST-FN for | |
3349 comparing keys, and HASH-FN to compute hash codes for keys. Test | |
3350 and hash function are stored as symbol property `hash-table-test' | |
3351 of NAME with a value of (TEST-FN HASH-FN). | |
3352 | |
3353 TEST-FN must take two arguments and return non-nil if they are the same. | |
3354 | |
3355 HASH-FN must take one argument and return an integer that is the hash | |
3356 code of the argument. The function should use the whole range of | |
3357 integer values for hash code computation, including negative integers. | |
3358 | |
3359 Example: The following creates a hash table whose keys are supposed to | |
3360 be strings that are compared case-insensitively. | |
3361 | |
3362 (defun case-fold-string= (a b) | |
3363 (compare-strings a nil nil b nil nil t)) | |
3364 | |
3365 (defun case-fold-string-hash (a) | |
3366 (sxhash (upcase a))) | |
3367 | |
3368 (define-hash-table-test 'case-fold 'case-fold-string= | |
3369 'case-fold-string-hash)) | |
3370 | |
3371 (make-hash-table :test 'case-fold) | |
3372 | |
3373 ** The Lisp reader handles circular structure. | |
3374 | |
3375 It now works to use the #N= and #N# constructs to represent | |
3376 circular structures. For example, #1=(a . #1#) represents | |
3377 a cons cell which is its own cdr. | |
3378 | |
3379 ** The Lisp printer handles circular structure. | |
3380 | |
3381 If you bind print-circle to a non-nil value, the Lisp printer outputs | |
3382 #N= and #N# constructs to represent circular and shared structure. | |
3383 | |
3384 ** If the second argument to `move-to-column' is anything but nil or | |
3385 t, that means replace a tab with spaces if necessary to reach the | |
3386 specified column, but do not add spaces at the end of the line if it | |
3387 is too short to reach that column. | |
3388 | |
3389 ** perform-replace has a new feature: the REPLACEMENTS argument may | |
3390 now be a cons cell (FUNCTION . DATA). This means to call FUNCTION | |
3391 after each match to get the replacement text. FUNCTION is called with | |
3392 two arguments: DATA, and the number of replacements already made. | |
3393 | |
3394 If the FROM-STRING contains any upper-case letters, | |
3395 perform-replace also turns off `case-fold-search' temporarily | |
3396 and inserts the replacement text without altering case in it. | |
3397 | |
3398 ** The function buffer-size now accepts an optional argument | |
3399 to specify which buffer to return the size of. | |
3400 | |
3401 ** The calendar motion commands now run the normal hook | |
3402 calendar-move-hook after moving point. | |
3403 | |
3404 ** The new variable small-temporary-file-directory specifies a | |
3405 directory to use for creating temporary files that are likely to be | |
3406 small. (Certain Emacs features use this directory.) If | |
3407 small-temporary-file-directory is nil, they use | |
3408 temporary-file-directory instead. | |
3409 | |
3410 ** The variable `inhibit-modification-hooks', if non-nil, inhibits all | |
3411 the hooks that track changes in the buffer. This affects | |
3412 `before-change-functions' and `after-change-functions', as well as | |
3413 hooks attached to text properties and overlay properties. | |
3414 | |
3415 ** assq-delete-all is a new function that deletes all the | |
3416 elements of an alist which have a car `eq' to a particular value. | |
3417 | |
3418 ** make-temp-file provides a more reliable way to create a temporary file. | |
3419 | |
3420 make-temp-file is used like make-temp-name, except that it actually | |
3421 creates the file before it returns. This prevents a timing error, | |
3422 ensuring that no other job can use the same name for a temporary file. | |
3423 | |
3424 ** New exclusive-open feature in `write-region' | |
3425 | |
3426 The optional seventh arg is now called MUSTBENEW. If non-nil, it insists | |
3427 on a check for an existing file with the same name. If MUSTBENEW | |
3428 is `excl', that means to get an error if the file already exists; | |
3429 never overwrite. If MUSTBENEW is neither nil nor `excl', that means | |
3430 ask for confirmation before overwriting, but do go ahead and | |
3431 overwrite the file if the user gives confirmation. | |
3432 | |
3433 If the MUSTBENEW argument in `write-region' is `excl', | |
3434 that means to use a special feature in the `open' system call | |
3435 to get an error if the file exists at that time. | |
3436 The error reported is `file-already-exists'. | |
3437 | |
3438 ** Function `format' now handles text properties. | |
3439 | |
3440 Text properties of the format string are applied to the result string. | |
3441 If the result string is longer than the format string, text properties | |
3442 ending at the end of the format string are extended to the end of the | |
3443 result string. | |
3444 | |
3445 Text properties from string arguments are applied to the result | |
3446 string where arguments appear in the result string. | |
3447 | |
3448 Example: | |
3449 | |
3450 (let ((s1 "hello, %s") | |
3451 (s2 "world")) | |
3452 (put-text-property 0 (length s1) 'face 'bold s1) | |
3453 (put-text-property 0 (length s2) 'face 'italic s2) | |
3454 (format s1 s2)) | |
3455 | |
3456 results in a bold-face string with an italic `world' at the end. | |
3457 | |
3458 ** Messages can now be displayed with text properties. | |
3459 | |
3460 Text properties are handled as described above for function `format'. | |
3461 The following example displays a bold-face message with an italic | |
3462 argument in it. | |
3463 | |
3464 (let ((msg "hello, %s!") | |
3465 (arg "world")) | |
3466 (put-text-property 0 (length msg) 'face 'bold msg) | |
3467 (put-text-property 0 (length arg) 'face 'italic arg) | |
3468 (message msg arg)) | |
3469 | |
3470 ** Sound support | |
3471 | |
3472 Emacs supports playing sound files on GNU/Linux and the free BSDs | |
3473 (Voxware driver and native BSD driver, aka as Luigi's driver). | |
3474 | |
3475 Currently supported file formats are RIFF-WAVE (*.wav) and Sun Audio | |
3476 (*.au). You must configure Emacs with the option `--with-sound=yes' | |
3477 to enable sound support. | |
3478 | |
3479 Sound files can be played by calling (play-sound SOUND). SOUND is a | |
3480 list of the form `(sound PROPERTY...)'. The function is only defined | |
3481 when sound support is present for the system on which Emacs runs. The | |
3482 functions runs `play-sound-functions' with one argument which is the | |
3483 sound to play, before playing the sound. | |
3484 | |
3485 The following sound properties are supported: | |
3486 | |
3487 - `:file FILE' | |
3488 | |
3489 FILE is a file name. If FILE isn't an absolute name, it will be | |
3490 searched relative to `data-directory'. | |
3491 | |
3492 - `:data DATA' | |
3493 | |
3494 DATA is a string containing sound data. Either :file or :data | |
3495 may be present, but not both. | |
3496 | |
3497 - `:volume VOLUME' | |
3498 | |
3499 VOLUME must be an integer in the range 0..100 or a float in the range | |
3500 0..1. This property is optional. | |
3501 | |
3502 - `:device DEVICE' | |
3503 | |
3504 DEVICE is a string specifying the system device on which to play the | |
3505 sound. The default device is system-dependent. | |
3506 | |
3507 Other properties are ignored. | |
3508 | |
3509 An alternative interface is called as | |
3510 (play-sound-file FILE &optional VOLUME DEVICE). | |
3511 | |
3512 ** `multimedia' is a new Finder keyword and Custom group. | |
3513 | |
3514 ** keywordp is a new predicate to test efficiently for an object being | |
3515 a keyword symbol. | |
3516 | |
3517 ** Changes to garbage collection | |
3518 | |
3519 *** The function garbage-collect now additionally returns the number | |
3520 of live and free strings. | |
3521 | |
3522 *** There is a new variable `strings-consed' holding the number of | |
3523 strings that have been consed so far. | |
3524 | |
3525 | |
3526 * Lisp-level Display features added after release 2.6 of the Emacs | |
3527 Lisp Manual | |
3528 | |
3529 ** The user-option `resize-mini-windows' controls how Emacs resizes | |
3530 mini-windows. | |
3531 | |
3532 ** The function `pos-visible-in-window-p' now has a third optional | |
3533 argument, PARTIALLY. If a character is only partially visible, nil is | |
3534 returned, unless PARTIALLY is non-nil. | |
3535 | |
3536 ** On window systems, `glyph-table' is no longer used. | |
3537 | |
3538 ** Help strings in menu items are now used to provide `help-echo' text. | |
3539 | |
3540 ** The function `image-size' can be used to determine the size of an | |
3541 image. | |
3542 | |
3543 - Function: image-size SPEC &optional PIXELS FRAME | |
3544 | |
3545 Return the size of an image as a pair (WIDTH . HEIGHT). | |
3546 | |
3547 SPEC is an image specification. PIXELS non-nil means return sizes | |
3548 measured in pixels, otherwise return sizes measured in canonical | |
3549 character units (fractions of the width/height of the frame's default | |
3550 font). FRAME is the frame on which the image will be displayed. | |
3551 FRAME nil or omitted means use the selected frame. | |
3552 | |
3553 ** The function `image-mask-p' can be used to determine if an image | |
3554 has a mask bitmap. | |
3555 | |
3556 - Function: image-mask-p SPEC &optional FRAME | |
3557 | |
3558 Return t if image SPEC has a mask bitmap. | |
3559 FRAME is the frame on which the image will be displayed. FRAME nil | |
3560 or omitted means use the selected frame. | |
3561 | |
3562 ** The function `find-image' can be used to find a usable image | |
3563 satisfying one of a list of specifications. | |
3564 | |
3565 ** The STRING argument of `put-image' and `insert-image' is now | |
3566 optional. | |
3567 | |
3568 ** Image specifications may contain the property `:ascent center' (see | |
3569 below). | |
3570 | |
3571 | |
3572 * New Lisp-level Display features in Emacs 21.1 | |
3573 | |
3574 ** The function tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors can be used | |
3575 to make Emacs avoid displaying text with bold black foreground on TTYs. | |
3576 | |
3577 Some terminals, notably PC consoles, emulate bold text by displaying | |
3578 text in brighter colors. On such a console, a bold black foreground | |
3579 is displayed in a gray color. If this turns out to be hard to read on | |
3580 your monitor---the problem occurred with the mode line on | |
3581 laptops---you can instruct Emacs to ignore the text's boldness, and to | |
3582 just display it black instead. | |
3583 | |
3584 This situation can't be detected automatically. You will have to put | |
3585 a line like | |
3586 | |
3587 (tty-suppress-bold-inverse-default-colors t) | |
3588 | |
3589 in your `.emacs'. | |
3590 | |
3591 ** New face implementation. | |
3592 | |
3593 Emacs faces have been reimplemented from scratch. They don't use XLFD | |
3594 font names anymore and face merging now works as expected. | |
3595 | |
3596 *** New faces. | |
3597 | |
3598 Each face can specify the following display attributes: | |
3599 | |
3600 1. Font family or fontset alias name. | |
3601 | |
3602 2. Relative proportionate width, aka character set width or set | |
3603 width (swidth), e.g. `semi-compressed'. | |
3604 | |
3605 3. Font height in 1/10pt | |
3606 | |
3607 4. Font weight, e.g. `bold'. | |
3608 | |
3609 5. Font slant, e.g. `italic'. | |
3610 | |
3611 6. Foreground color. | |
3612 | |
3613 7. Background color. | |
3614 | |
3615 8. Whether or not characters should be underlined, and in what color. | |
3616 | |
3617 9. Whether or not characters should be displayed in inverse video. | |
3618 | |
3619 10. A background stipple, a bitmap. | |
3620 | |
3621 11. Whether or not characters should be overlined, and in what color. | |
3622 | |
3623 12. Whether or not characters should be strike-through, and in what | |
3624 color. | |
3625 | |
3626 13. Whether or not a box should be drawn around characters, its | |
3627 color, the width of the box lines, and 3D appearance. | |
3628 | |
3629 Faces are frame-local by nature because Emacs allows to define the | |
3630 same named face (face names are symbols) differently for different | |
3631 frames. Each frame has an alist of face definitions for all named | |
3632 faces. The value of a named face in such an alist is a Lisp vector | |
3633 with the symbol `face' in slot 0, and a slot for each of the face | |
3634 attributes mentioned above. | |
3635 | |
3636 There is also a global face alist `face-new-frame-defaults'. Face | |
3637 definitions from this list are used to initialize faces of newly | |
3638 created frames. | |
3639 | |
3640 A face doesn't have to specify all attributes. Those not specified | |
3641 have a nil value. Faces specifying all attributes are called | |
3642 `fully-specified'. | |
3643 | |
3644 *** Face merging. | |
3645 | |
3646 The display style of a given character in the text is determined by | |
3647 combining several faces. This process is called `face merging'. Any | |
3648 aspect of the display style that isn't specified by overlays or text | |
3649 properties is taken from the `default' face. Since it is made sure | |
3650 that the default face is always fully-specified, face merging always | |
3651 results in a fully-specified face. | |
3652 | |
3653 *** Face realization. | |
3654 | |
3655 After all face attributes for a character have been determined by | |
3656 merging faces of that character, that face is `realized'. The | |
3657 realization process maps face attributes to what is physically | |
3658 available on the system where Emacs runs. The result is a `realized | |
3659 face' in form of an internal structure which is stored in the face | |
3660 cache of the frame on which it was realized. | |
3661 | |
3662 Face realization is done in the context of the charset of the | |
3663 character to display because different fonts and encodings are used | |
3664 for different charsets. In other words, for characters of different | |
3665 charsets, different realized faces are needed to display them. | |
3666 | |
3667 Except for composite characters, faces are always realized for a | |
3668 specific character set and contain a specific font, even if the face | |
3669 being realized specifies a fontset. The reason is that the result of | |
3670 the new font selection stage is better than what can be done with | |
3671 statically defined font name patterns in fontsets. | |
3672 | |
3673 In unibyte text, Emacs' charsets aren't applicable; function | |
3674 `char-charset' reports ASCII for all characters, including those > | |
3675 0x7f. The X registry and encoding of fonts to use is determined from | |
3676 the variable `face-default-registry' in this case. The variable is | |
3677 initialized at Emacs startup time from the font the user specified for | |
3678 Emacs. | |
3679 | |
3680 Currently all unibyte text, i.e. all buffers with | |
3681 `enable-multibyte-characters' nil are displayed with fonts of the same | |
3682 registry and encoding `face-default-registry'. This is consistent | |
3683 with the fact that languages can also be set globally, only. | |
3684 | |
3685 **** Clearing face caches. | |
3686 | |
3687 The Lisp function `clear-face-cache' can be called to clear face caches | |
3688 on all frames. If called with a non-nil argument, it will also unload | |
3689 unused fonts. | |
3690 | |
3691 *** Font selection. | |
3692 | |
3693 Font selection tries to find the best available matching font for a | |
3694 given (charset, face) combination. This is done slightly differently | |
3695 for faces specifying a fontset, or a font family name. | |
3696 | |
3697 If the face specifies a fontset name, that fontset determines a | |
3698 pattern for fonts of the given charset. If the face specifies a font | |
3699 family, a font pattern is constructed. Charset symbols have a | |
3700 property `x-charset-registry' for that purpose that maps a charset to | |
3701 an XLFD registry and encoding in the font pattern constructed. | |
3702 | |
3703 Available fonts on the system on which Emacs runs are then matched | |
3704 against the font pattern. The result of font selection is the best | |
3705 match for the given face attributes in this font list. | |
3706 | |
3707 Font selection can be influenced by the user. | |
3708 | |
3709 The user can specify the relative importance he gives the face | |
3710 attributes width, height, weight, and slant by setting | |
3711 face-font-selection-order (faces.el) to a list of face attribute | |
3712 names. The default is (:width :height :weight :slant), and means | |
3713 that font selection first tries to find a good match for the font | |
3714 width specified by a face, then---within fonts with that width---tries | |
3715 to find a best match for the specified font height, etc. | |
3716 | |
3717 Setting `face-font-family-alternatives' allows the user to specify | |
3718 alternative font families to try if a family specified by a face | |
3719 doesn't exist. | |
3720 | |
3721 Setting `face-font-registry-alternatives' allows the user to specify | |
3722 all alternative font registry names to try for a face specifying a | |
3723 registry. | |
3724 | |
3725 Please note that the interpretations of the above two variables are | |
3726 slightly different. | |
3727 | |
3728 Setting face-ignored-fonts allows the user to ignore specific fonts. | |
3729 | |
3730 | |
3731 **** Scalable fonts | |
3732 | |
3733 Emacs can make use of scalable fonts but doesn't do so by default, | |
3734 since the use of too many or too big scalable fonts may crash XFree86 | |
3735 servers. | |
3736 | |
3737 To enable scalable font use, set the variable | |
3738 `scalable-fonts-allowed'. A value of nil, the default, means never use | |
3739 scalable fonts. A value of t means any scalable font may be used. | |
3740 Otherwise, the value must be a list of regular expressions. A | |
3741 scalable font may then be used if it matches a regular expression from | |
3742 that list. Example: | |
3743 | |
3744 (setq scalable-fonts-allowed '("muleindian-2$")) | |
3745 | |
3746 allows the use of scalable fonts with registry `muleindian-2'. | |
3747 | |
3748 *** Functions and variables related to font selection. | |
3749 | |
3750 - Function: x-family-fonts &optional FAMILY FRAME | |
3751 | |
3752 Return a list of available fonts of family FAMILY on FRAME. If FAMILY | |
3753 is omitted or nil, list all families. Otherwise, FAMILY must be a | |
3754 string, possibly containing wildcards `?' and `*'. | |
3755 | |
3756 If FRAME is omitted or nil, use the selected frame. Each element of | |
3757 the result is a vector [FAMILY WIDTH POINT-SIZE WEIGHT SLANT FIXED-P | |
3758 FULL REGISTRY-AND-ENCODING]. FAMILY is the font family name. | |
3759 POINT-SIZE is the size of the font in 1/10 pt. WIDTH, WEIGHT, and | |
3760 SLANT are symbols describing the width, weight and slant of the font. | |
3761 These symbols are the same as for face attributes. FIXED-P is non-nil | |
3762 if the font is fixed-pitch. FULL is the full name of the font, and | |
3763 REGISTRY-AND-ENCODING is a string giving the registry and encoding of | |
3764 the font. The result list is sorted according to the current setting | |
3765 of the face font sort order. | |
3766 | |
3767 - Function: x-font-family-list | |
3768 | |
3769 Return a list of available font families on FRAME. If FRAME is | |
3770 omitted or nil, use the selected frame. Value is a list of conses | |
3771 (FAMILY . FIXED-P) where FAMILY is a font family, and FIXED-P is | |
3772 non-nil if fonts of that family are fixed-pitch. | |
3773 | |
3774 - Variable: font-list-limit | |
3775 | |
3776 Limit for font matching. If an integer > 0, font matching functions | |
3777 won't load more than that number of fonts when searching for a | |
3778 matching font. The default is currently 100. | |
3779 | |
3780 *** Setting face attributes. | |
3781 | |
3782 For the most part, the new face implementation is interface-compatible | |
3783 with the old one. Old face attribute related functions are now | |
3784 implemented in terms of the new functions `set-face-attribute' and | |
3785 `face-attribute'. | |
3786 | |
3787 Face attributes are identified by their names which are keyword | |
3788 symbols. All attributes can be set to `unspecified'. | |
3789 | |
3790 The following attributes are recognized: | |
3791 | |
3792 `:family' | |
3793 | |
3794 VALUE must be a string specifying the font family, e.g. ``courier'', | |
3795 or a fontset alias name. If a font family is specified, wild-cards `*' | |
3796 and `?' are allowed. | |
3797 | |
3798 `:width' | |
3799 | |
3800 VALUE specifies the relative proportionate width of the font to use. | |
3801 It must be one of the symbols `ultra-condensed', `extra-condensed', | |
3802 `condensed', `semi-condensed', `normal', `semi-expanded', `expanded', | |
3803 `extra-expanded', or `ultra-expanded'. | |
3804 | |
3805 `:height' | |
3806 | |
3807 VALUE must be either an integer specifying the height of the font to use | |
3808 in 1/10 pt, a floating point number specifying the amount by which to | |
3809 scale any underlying face, or a function, which is called with the old | |
3810 height (from the underlying face), and should return the new height. | |
3811 | |
3812 `:weight' | |
3813 | |
3814 VALUE specifies the weight of the font to use. It must be one of the | |
3815 symbols `ultra-bold', `extra-bold', `bold', `semi-bold', `normal', | |
3816 `semi-light', `light', `extra-light', `ultra-light'. | |
3817 | |
3818 `:slant' | |
3819 | |
3820 VALUE specifies the slant of the font to use. It must be one of the | |
3821 symbols `italic', `oblique', `normal', `reverse-italic', or | |
3822 `reverse-oblique'. | |
3823 | |
3824 `:foreground', `:background' | |
3825 | |
3826 VALUE must be a color name, a string. | |
3827 | |
3828 `:underline' | |
3829 | |
3830 VALUE specifies whether characters in FACE should be underlined. If | |
3831 VALUE is t, underline with foreground color of the face. If VALUE is | |
3832 a string, underline with that color. If VALUE is nil, explicitly | |
3833 don't underline. | |
3834 | |
3835 `:overline' | |
3836 | |
3837 VALUE specifies whether characters in FACE should be overlined. If | |
3838 VALUE is t, overline with foreground color of the face. If VALUE is a | |
3839 string, overline with that color. If VALUE is nil, explicitly don't | |
3840 overline. | |
3841 | |
3842 `:strike-through' | |
3843 | |
3844 VALUE specifies whether characters in FACE should be drawn with a line | |
3845 striking through them. If VALUE is t, use the foreground color of the | |
3846 face. If VALUE is a string, strike-through with that color. If VALUE | |
3847 is nil, explicitly don't strike through. | |
3848 | |
3849 `:box' | |
3850 | |
3851 VALUE specifies whether characters in FACE should have a box drawn | |
3852 around them. If VALUE is nil, explicitly don't draw boxes. If | |
3853 VALUE is t, draw a box with lines of width 1 in the foreground color | |
3854 of the face. If VALUE is a string, the string must be a color name, | |
3855 and the box is drawn in that color with a line width of 1. Otherwise, | |
3856 VALUE must be a property list of the form `(:line-width WIDTH | |
3857 :color COLOR :style STYLE)'. If a keyword/value pair is missing from | |
3858 the property list, a default value will be used for the value, as | |
3859 specified below. WIDTH specifies the width of the lines to draw; it | |
3860 defaults to 1. COLOR is the name of the color to draw in, default is | |
3861 the foreground color of the face for simple boxes, and the background | |
3862 color of the face for 3D boxes. STYLE specifies whether a 3D box | |
3863 should be draw. If STYLE is `released-button', draw a box looking | |
3864 like a released 3D button. If STYLE is `pressed-button' draw a box | |
3865 that appears like a pressed button. If STYLE is nil, the default if | |
3866 the property list doesn't contain a style specification, draw a 2D | |
3867 box. | |
3868 | |
3869 `:inverse-video' | |
3870 | |
3871 VALUE specifies whether characters in FACE should be displayed in | |
3872 inverse video. VALUE must be one of t or nil. | |
3873 | |
3874 `:stipple' | |
3875 | |
3876 If VALUE is a string, it must be the name of a file of pixmap data. | |
3877 The directories listed in the `x-bitmap-file-path' variable are | |
3878 searched. Alternatively, VALUE may be a list of the form (WIDTH | |
3879 HEIGHT DATA) where WIDTH and HEIGHT are the size in pixels, and DATA | |
3880 is a string containing the raw bits of the bitmap. VALUE nil means | |
3881 explicitly don't use a stipple pattern. | |
3882 | |
3883 For convenience, attributes `:family', `:width', `:height', `:weight', | |
3884 and `:slant' may also be set in one step from an X font name: | |
3885 | |
3886 `:font' | |
3887 | |
3888 Set font-related face attributes from VALUE. VALUE must be a valid | |
3889 XLFD font name. If it is a font name pattern, the first matching font | |
3890 is used--this is for compatibility with the behavior of previous | |
3891 versions of Emacs. | |
3892 | |
3893 For compatibility with Emacs 20, keywords `:bold' and `:italic' can | |
3894 be used to specify that a bold or italic font should be used. VALUE | |
3895 must be t or nil in that case. A value of `unspecified' is not allowed." | |
3896 | |
3897 Please see also the documentation of `set-face-attribute' and | |
3898 `defface'. | |
3899 | |
3900 `:inherit' | |
3901 | |
3902 VALUE is the name of a face from which to inherit attributes, or a list | |
3903 of face names. Attributes from inherited faces are merged into the face | |
3904 like an underlying face would be, with higher priority than underlying faces. | |
3905 | |
3906 *** Face attributes and X resources | |
3907 | |
3908 The following X resource names can be used to set face attributes | |
3909 from X resources: | |
3910 | |
3911 Face attribute X resource class | |
3912 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
3913 :family attributeFamily . Face.AttributeFamily | |
3914 :width attributeWidth Face.AttributeWidth | |
3915 :height attributeHeight Face.AttributeHeight | |
3916 :weight attributeWeight Face.AttributeWeight | |
3917 :slant attributeSlant Face.AttributeSlant | |
3918 foreground attributeForeground Face.AttributeForeground | |
3919 :background attributeBackground . Face.AttributeBackground | |
3920 :overline attributeOverline Face.AttributeOverline | |
3921 :strike-through attributeStrikeThrough Face.AttributeStrikeThrough | |
3922 :box attributeBox Face.AttributeBox | |
3923 :underline attributeUnderline Face.AttributeUnderline | |
3924 :inverse-video attributeInverse Face.AttributeInverse | |
3925 :stipple attributeStipple Face.AttributeStipple | |
3926 or attributeBackgroundPixmap | |
3927 Face.AttributeBackgroundPixmap | |
3928 :font attributeFont Face.AttributeFont | |
3929 :bold attributeBold Face.AttributeBold | |
3930 :italic attributeItalic . Face.AttributeItalic | |
3931 :font attributeFont Face.AttributeFont | |
3932 | |
3933 *** Text property `face'. | |
3934 | |
3935 The value of the `face' text property can now be a single face | |
3936 specification or a list of such specifications. Each face | |
3937 specification can be | |
3938 | |
3939 1. A symbol or string naming a Lisp face. | |
3940 | |
3941 2. A property list of the form (KEYWORD VALUE ...) where each | |
3942 KEYWORD is a face attribute name, and VALUE is an appropriate value | |
3943 for that attribute. Please see the doc string of `set-face-attribute' | |
3944 for face attribute names. | |
3945 | |
3946 3. Conses of the form (FOREGROUND-COLOR . COLOR) or | |
3947 (BACKGROUND-COLOR . COLOR) where COLOR is a color name. This is | |
3948 for compatibility with previous Emacs versions. | |
3949 | |
3950 ** Support functions for colors on text-only terminals. | |
3951 | |
3952 The function `tty-color-define' can be used to define colors for use | |
3953 on TTY and MSDOS frames. It maps a color name to a color number on | |
3954 the terminal. Emacs defines a couple of common color mappings by | |
3955 default. You can get defined colors with a call to | |
3956 `defined-colors'. The function `tty-color-clear' can be | |
3957 used to clear the mapping table. | |
3958 | |
3959 ** Unified support for colors independent of frame type. | |
3960 | |
3961 The new functions `defined-colors', `color-defined-p', `color-values', | |
3962 and `display-color-p' work for any type of frame. On frames whose | |
3963 type is neither x nor w32, these functions transparently map X-style | |
3964 color specifications to the closest colors supported by the frame | |
3965 display. Lisp programs should use these new functions instead of the | |
3966 old `x-defined-colors', `x-color-defined-p', `x-color-values', and | |
3967 `x-display-color-p'. (The old function names are still available for | |
3968 compatibility; they are now aliases of the new names.) Lisp programs | |
3969 should no more look at the value of the variable window-system to | |
3970 modify their color-related behavior. | |
3971 | |
3972 The primitives `color-gray-p' and `color-supported-p' also work for | |
3973 any frame type. | |
3974 | |
3975 ** Platform-independent functions to describe display capabilities. | |
3976 | |
3977 The new functions `display-mouse-p', `display-popup-menus-p', | |
3978 `display-graphic-p', `display-selections-p', `display-screens', | |
3979 `display-pixel-width', `display-pixel-height', `display-mm-width', | |
3980 `display-mm-height', `display-backing-store', `display-save-under', | |
3981 `display-planes', `display-color-cells', `display-visual-class', and | |
3982 `display-grayscale-p' describe the basic capabilities of a particular | |
3983 display. Lisp programs should call these functions instead of testing | |
3984 the value of the variables `window-system' or `system-type', or calling | |
3985 platform-specific functions such as `x-display-pixel-width'. | |
3986 | |
3987 The new function `display-images-p' returns non-nil if a particular | |
3988 display can display image files. | |
3989 | |
3990 ** The minibuffer prompt is now actually inserted in the minibuffer. | |
3991 | |
3992 This makes it possible to scroll through the prompt, if you want to. | |
3993 To disallow this completely (like previous versions of emacs), customize | |
3994 the variable `minibuffer-prompt-properties', and turn on the | |
3995 `Inviolable' option. | |
3996 | |
3997 The function `minibuffer-prompt-end' returns the current position of the | |
3998 end of the minibuffer prompt, if the minibuffer is current. | |
3999 Otherwise, it returns `(point-min)'. | |
4000 | |
4001 ** New `field' abstraction in buffers. | |
4002 | |
4003 There is now code to support an abstraction called `fields' in emacs | |
4004 buffers. A field is a contiguous region of text with the same `field' | |
4005 property (which can be a text property or an overlay). | |
4006 | |
4007 Many emacs functions, such as forward-word, forward-sentence, | |
4008 forward-paragraph, beginning-of-line, etc., stop moving when they come | |
4009 to the boundary between fields; beginning-of-line and end-of-line will | |
4010 not let the point move past the field boundary, but other movement | |
4011 commands continue into the next field if repeated. Stopping at field | |
4012 boundaries can be suppressed programmatically by binding | |
4013 `inhibit-field-text-motion' to a non-nil value around calls to these | |
4014 functions. | |
4015 | |
4016 Now that the minibuffer prompt is inserted into the minibuffer, it is in | |
4017 a separate field from the user-input part of the buffer, so that common | |
4018 editing commands treat the user's text separately from the prompt. | |
4019 | |
4020 The following functions are defined for operating on fields: | |
4021 | |
4022 - Function: constrain-to-field NEW-POS OLD-POS &optional ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE ONLY-IN-LINE INHIBIT-CAPTURE-PROPERTY | |
4023 | |
4024 Return the position closest to NEW-POS that is in the same field as OLD-POS. | |
4025 | |
4026 A field is a region of text with the same `field' property. | |
4027 If NEW-POS is nil, then the current point is used instead, and set to the | |
4028 constrained position if that is different. | |
4029 | |
4030 If OLD-POS is at the boundary of two fields, then the allowable | |
4031 positions for NEW-POS depends on the value of the optional argument | |
4032 ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE: If ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE is nil, then NEW-POS is | |
4033 constrained to the field that has the same `field' char-property | |
4034 as any new characters inserted at OLD-POS, whereas if ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE | |
4035 is non-nil, NEW-POS is constrained to the union of the two adjacent | |
4036 fields. Additionally, if two fields are separated by another field with | |
4037 the special value `boundary', then any point within this special field is | |
4038 also considered to be `on the boundary'. | |
4039 | |
4040 If the optional argument ONLY-IN-LINE is non-nil and constraining | |
4041 NEW-POS would move it to a different line, NEW-POS is returned | |
4042 unconstrained. This useful for commands that move by line, like | |
4043 C-n or C-a, which should generally respect field boundaries | |
4044 only in the case where they can still move to the right line. | |
4045 | |
4046 If the optional argument INHIBIT-CAPTURE-PROPERTY is non-nil, and OLD-POS has | |
4047 a non-nil property of that name, then any field boundaries are ignored. | |
4048 | |
4049 Field boundaries are not noticed if `inhibit-field-text-motion' is non-nil. | |
4050 | |
4051 - Function: delete-field &optional POS | |
4052 | |
4053 Delete the field surrounding POS. | |
4054 A field is a region of text with the same `field' property. | |
4055 If POS is nil, the value of point is used for POS. | |
4056 | |
4057 - Function: field-beginning &optional POS ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE | |
4058 | |
4059 Return the beginning of the field surrounding POS. | |
4060 A field is a region of text with the same `field' property. | |
4061 If POS is nil, the value of point is used for POS. | |
4062 If ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE is non-nil and POS is at the beginning of its | |
4063 field, then the beginning of the *previous* field is returned. | |
4064 | |
4065 - Function: field-end &optional POS ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE | |
4066 | |
4067 Return the end of the field surrounding POS. | |
4068 A field is a region of text with the same `field' property. | |
4069 If POS is nil, the value of point is used for POS. | |
4070 If ESCAPE-FROM-EDGE is non-nil and POS is at the end of its field, | |
4071 then the end of the *following* field is returned. | |
4072 | |
4073 - Function: field-string &optional POS | |
4074 | |
4075 Return the contents of the field surrounding POS as a string. | |
4076 A field is a region of text with the same `field' property. | |
4077 If POS is nil, the value of point is used for POS. | |
4078 | |
4079 - Function: field-string-no-properties &optional POS | |
4080 | |
4081 Return the contents of the field around POS, without text-properties. | |
4082 A field is a region of text with the same `field' property. | |
4083 If POS is nil, the value of point is used for POS. | |
4084 | |
4085 ** Image support. | |
4086 | |
4087 Emacs can now display images. Images are inserted into text by giving | |
4088 strings or buffer text a `display' text property containing one of | |
4089 (AREA IMAGE) or IMAGE. The display of the `display' property value | |
4090 replaces the display of the characters having that property. | |
4091 | |
4092 If the property value has the form (AREA IMAGE), AREA must be one of | |
4093 `(margin left-margin)', `(margin right-margin)' or `(margin nil)'. If | |
4094 AREA is `(margin nil)', IMAGE will be displayed in the text area of a | |
4095 window, otherwise it will be displayed in the left or right marginal | |
4096 area. | |
4097 | |
4098 IMAGE is an image specification. | |
4099 | |
4100 *** Image specifications | |
4101 | |
4102 Image specifications are lists of the form `(image PROPS)' where PROPS | |
4103 is a property list whose keys are keyword symbols. Each | |
4104 specifications must contain a property `:type TYPE' with TYPE being a | |
4105 symbol specifying the image type, e.g. `xbm'. Properties not | |
4106 described below are ignored. | |
4107 | |
4108 The following is a list of properties all image types share. | |
4109 | |
4110 `:ascent ASCENT' | |
4111 | |
4112 ASCENT must be a number in the range 0..100, or the symbol `center'. | |
4113 If it is a number, it specifies the percentage of the image's height | |
4114 to use for its ascent. | |
4115 | |
4116 If not specified, ASCENT defaults to the value 50 which means that the | |
4117 image will be centered with the base line of the row it appears in. | |
4118 | |
4119 If ASCENT is `center' the image is vertically centered around a | |
4120 centerline which is the vertical center of text drawn at the position | |
4121 of the image, in the manner specified by the text properties and | |
4122 overlays that apply to the image. | |
4123 | |
4124 `:margin MARGIN' | |
4125 | |
4126 MARGIN must be either a number >= 0 specifying how many pixels to put | |
4127 as margin around the image, or a pair (X . Y) with X specifying the | |
4128 horizontal margin and Y specifying the vertical margin. Default is 0. | |
4129 | |
4130 `:relief RELIEF' | |
4131 | |
4132 RELIEF is analogous to the `:relief' attribute of faces. Puts a relief | |
4133 around an image. | |
4134 | |
4135 `:conversion ALGO' | |
4136 | |
4137 Apply an image algorithm to the image before displaying it. | |
4138 | |
4139 ALGO `laplace' or `emboss' means apply a Laplace or ``emboss'' | |
4140 edge-detection algorithm to the image. | |
4141 | |
4142 ALGO `(edge-detection :matrix MATRIX :color-adjust ADJUST)' means | |
4143 apply a general edge-detection algorithm. MATRIX must be either a | |
4144 nine-element list or a nine-element vector of numbers. A pixel at | |
4145 position x/y in the transformed image is computed from original pixels | |
4146 around that position. MATRIX specifies, for each pixel in the | |
4147 neighborhood of x/y, a factor with which that pixel will influence the | |
4148 transformed pixel; element 0 specifies the factor for the pixel at | |
4149 x-1/y-1, element 1 the factor for the pixel at x/y-1 etc. as shown | |
4150 below. | |
4151 | |
4152 (x-1/y-1 x/y-1 x+1/y-1 | |
4153 x-1/y x/y x+1/y | |
4154 x-1/y+1 x/y+1 x+1/y+1) | |
4155 | |
4156 The resulting pixel is computed from the color intensity of the color | |
4157 resulting from summing up the RGB values of surrounding pixels, | |
4158 multiplied by the specified factors, and dividing that sum by the sum | |
4159 of the factors' absolute values. | |
4160 | |
4161 Laplace edge-detection currently uses a matrix of | |
4162 | |
4163 (1 0 0 | |
4164 0 0 0 | |
4165 9 9 -1) | |
4166 | |
4167 Emboss edge-detection uses a matrix of | |
4168 | |
4169 ( 2 -1 0 | |
4170 -1 0 1 | |
4171 0 1 -2) | |
4172 | |
4173 ALGO `disabled' means transform the image so that it looks | |
4174 ``disabled''. | |
4175 | |
4176 `:mask MASK' | |
4177 | |
4178 If MASK is `heuristic' or `(heuristic BG)', build a clipping mask for | |
4179 the image, so that the background of a frame is visible behind the | |
4180 image. If BG is not specified, or if BG is t, determine the | |
4181 background color of the image by looking at the 4 corners of the | |
4182 image, assuming the most frequently occurring color from the corners is | |
4183 the background color of the image. Otherwise, BG must be a list `(RED | |
4184 GREEN BLUE)' specifying the color to assume for the background of the | |
4185 image. | |
4186 | |
4187 If MASK is nil, remove a mask from the image, if it has one. Images | |
4188 in some formats include a mask which can be removed by specifying | |
4189 `:mask nil'. | |
4190 | |
4191 `:file FILE' | |
4192 | |
4193 Load image from FILE. If FILE is not absolute after expanding it, | |
4194 search for the image in `data-directory'. Some image types support | |
4195 building images from data. When this is done, no `:file' property | |
4196 may be present in the image specification. | |
4197 | |
4198 `:data DATA' | |
4199 | |
4200 Get image data from DATA. (As of this writing, this is not yet | |
4201 supported for image type `postscript'). Either :file or :data may be | |
4202 present in an image specification, but not both. All image types | |
4203 support strings as DATA, some types allow additional types of DATA. | |
4204 | |
4205 *** Supported image types | |
4206 | |
4207 **** XBM, image type `xbm'. | |
4208 | |
4209 XBM images don't require an external library. Additional image | |
4210 properties supported are: | |
4211 | |
4212 `:foreground FG' | |
4213 | |
4214 FG must be a string specifying the image foreground color, or nil | |
4215 meaning to use the default. Default is the frame's foreground color. | |
4216 | |
4217 `:background BG' | |
4218 | |
4219 BG must be a string specifying the image background color, or nil | |
4220 meaning to use the default. Default is the frame's background color. | |
4221 | |
4222 XBM images can be constructed from data instead of file. In this | |
4223 case, the image specification must contain the following properties | |
4224 instead of a `:file' property. | |
4225 | |
4226 `:width WIDTH' | |
4227 | |
4228 WIDTH specifies the width of the image in pixels. | |
4229 | |
4230 `:height HEIGHT' | |
4231 | |
4232 HEIGHT specifies the height of the image in pixels. | |
4233 | |
4234 `:data DATA' | |
4235 | |
4236 DATA must be either | |
4237 | |
4238 1. a string large enough to hold the bitmap data, i.e. it must | |
4239 have a size >= (WIDTH + 7) / 8 * HEIGHT | |
4240 | |
4241 2. a bool-vector of size >= WIDTH * HEIGHT | |
4242 | |
4243 3. a vector of strings or bool-vectors, one for each line of the | |
4244 bitmap. | |
4245 | |
4246 4. a string that's an in-memory XBM file. Neither width nor | |
4247 height may be specified in this case because these are defined | |
4248 in the file. | |
4249 | |
4250 **** XPM, image type `xpm' | |
4251 | |
4252 XPM images require the external library `libXpm', package | |
4253 `xpm-3.4k.tar.gz', version 3.4k or later. Make sure the library is | |
4254 found when Emacs is configured by supplying appropriate paths via | |
4255 `--x-includes' and `--x-libraries'. | |
4256 | |
4257 Additional image properties supported are: | |
4258 | |
4259 `:color-symbols SYMBOLS' | |
4260 | |
4261 SYMBOLS must be a list of pairs (NAME . COLOR), with NAME being the | |
4262 name of color as it appears in an XPM file, and COLOR being an X color | |
4263 name. | |
4264 | |
4265 XPM images can be built from memory instead of files. In that case, | |
4266 add a `:data' property instead of a `:file' property. | |
4267 | |
4268 The XPM library uses libz in its implementation so that it is able | |
4269 to display compressed images. | |
4270 | |
4271 **** PBM, image type `pbm' | |
4272 | |
4273 PBM images don't require an external library. Color, gray-scale and | |
4274 mono images are supported. Additional image properties supported for | |
4275 mono images are: | |
4276 | |
4277 `:foreground FG' | |
4278 | |
4279 FG must be a string specifying the image foreground color, or nil | |
4280 meaning to use the default. Default is the frame's foreground color. | |
4281 | |
4282 `:background FG' | |
4283 | |
4284 BG must be a string specifying the image background color, or nil | |
4285 meaning to use the default. Default is the frame's background color. | |
4286 | |
4287 **** JPEG, image type `jpeg' | |
4288 | |
4289 Support for JPEG images requires the external library `libjpeg', | |
4290 package `jpegsrc.v6a.tar.gz', or later. There are no additional image | |
4291 properties defined. | |
4292 | |
4293 **** TIFF, image type `tiff' | |
4294 | |
4295 Support for TIFF images requires the external library `libtiff', | |
4296 package `tiff-v3.4-tar.gz', or later. There are no additional image | |
4297 properties defined. | |
4298 | |
4299 **** GIF, image type `gif' | |
4300 | |
4301 Support for GIF images requires the external library `libungif', package | |
4302 `libungif-4.1.0', or later. | |
4303 | |
4304 Additional image properties supported are: | |
4305 | |
4306 `:index INDEX' | |
4307 | |
4308 INDEX must be an integer >= 0. Load image number INDEX from a | |
4309 multi-image GIF file. If INDEX is too large, the image displays | |
4310 as a hollow box. | |
4311 | |
4312 This could be used to implement limited support for animated GIFs. | |
4313 For example, the following function displays a multi-image GIF file | |
4314 at point-min in the current buffer, switching between sub-images | |
4315 every 0.1 seconds. | |
4316 | |
4317 (defun show-anim (file max) | |
4318 "Display multi-image GIF file FILE which contains MAX subimages." | |
4319 (display-anim (current-buffer) file 0 max t)) | |
4320 | |
4321 (defun display-anim (buffer file idx max first-time) | |
4322 (when (= idx max) | |
4323 (setq idx 0)) | |
4324 (let ((img (create-image file nil nil :index idx))) | |
4325 (save-excursion | |
4326 (set-buffer buffer) | |
4327 (goto-char (point-min)) | |
4328 (unless first-time (delete-char 1)) | |
4329 (insert-image img "x")) | |
4330 (run-with-timer 0.1 nil 'display-anim buffer file (1+ idx) max nil))) | |
4331 | |
4332 **** PNG, image type `png' | |
4333 | |
4334 Support for PNG images requires the external library `libpng', | |
4335 package `libpng-1.0.2.tar.gz', or later. There are no additional image | |
4336 properties defined. | |
4337 | |
4338 **** Ghostscript, image type `postscript'. | |
4339 | |
4340 Additional image properties supported are: | |
4341 | |
4342 `:pt-width WIDTH' | |
4343 | |
4344 WIDTH is width of the image in pt (1/72 inch). WIDTH must be an | |
4345 integer. This is a required property. | |
4346 | |
4347 `:pt-height HEIGHT' | |
4348 | |
4349 HEIGHT specifies the height of the image in pt (1/72 inch). HEIGHT | |
4350 must be a integer. This is an required property. | |
4351 | |
4352 `:bounding-box BOX' | |
4353 | |
4354 BOX must be a list or vector of 4 integers giving the bounding box of | |
4355 the PS image, analogous to the `BoundingBox' comment found in PS | |
4356 files. This is an required property. | |
4357 | |
4358 Part of the Ghostscript interface is implemented in Lisp. See | |
4359 lisp/gs.el. | |
4360 | |
4361 *** Lisp interface. | |
4362 | |
4363 The variable `image-types' contains a list of those image types | |
4364 which are supported in the current configuration. | |
4365 | |
4366 Images are stored in an image cache and removed from the cache when | |
4367 they haven't been displayed for `image-cache-eviction-delay seconds. | |
4368 The function `clear-image-cache' can be used to clear the image cache | |
4369 manually. Images in the cache are compared with `equal', i.e. all | |
4370 images with `equal' specifications share the same image. | |
4371 | |
4372 *** Simplified image API, image.el | |
4373 | |
4374 The new Lisp package image.el contains functions that simplify image | |
4375 creation and putting images into text. The function `create-image' | |
4376 can be used to create images. The macro `defimage' can be used to | |
4377 define an image based on available image types. The functions | |
4378 `put-image' and `insert-image' can be used to insert an image into a | |
4379 buffer. | |
4380 | |
4381 ** Display margins. | |
4382 | |
4383 Windows can now have margins which are used for special text | |
4384 and images. | |
4385 | |
4386 To give a window margins, either set the buffer-local variables | |
4387 `left-margin-width' and `right-margin-width', or call | |
4388 `set-window-margins'. The function `window-margins' can be used to | |
4389 obtain the current settings. To make `left-margin-width' and | |
4390 `right-margin-width' take effect, you must set them before displaying | |
4391 the buffer in a window, or use `set-window-buffer' to force an update | |
4392 of the display margins. | |
4393 | |
4394 You can put text in margins by giving it a `display' text property | |
4395 containing a pair of the form `(LOCATION . VALUE)', where LOCATION is | |
4396 one of `left-margin' or `right-margin' or nil. VALUE can be either a | |
4397 string, an image specification or a stretch specification (see later | |
4398 in this file). | |
4399 | |
4400 ** Help display | |
4401 | |
4402 Emacs displays short help messages in the echo area, when the mouse | |
4403 moves over a tool-bar item or a piece of text that has a text property | |
4404 `help-echo'. This feature also applies to strings in the mode line | |
4405 that have a `help-echo' property. | |
4406 | |
4407 If the value of the `help-echo' property is a function, that function | |
4408 is called with three arguments WINDOW, OBJECT and POSITION. WINDOW is | |
4409 the window in which the help was found. | |
4410 | |
4411 If OBJECT is a buffer, POS is the position in the buffer where the | |
4412 `help-echo' text property was found. | |
4413 | |
4414 If OBJECT is an overlay, that overlay has a `help-echo' property, and | |
4415 POS is the position in the overlay's buffer under the mouse. | |
4416 | |
4417 If OBJECT is a string (an overlay string or a string displayed with | |
4418 the `display' property), POS is the position in that string under the | |
4419 mouse. | |
4420 | |
4421 If the value of the `help-echo' property is neither a function nor a | |
4422 string, it is evaluated to obtain a help string. | |
4423 | |
4424 For tool-bar and menu-bar items, their key definition is used to | |
4425 determine the help to display. If their definition contains a | |
4426 property `:help FORM', FORM is evaluated to determine the help string. | |
4427 For tool-bar items without a help form, the caption of the item is | |
4428 used as help string. | |
4429 | |
4430 The hook `show-help-function' can be set to a function that displays | |
4431 the help string differently. For example, enabling a tooltip window | |
4432 causes the help display to appear there instead of in the echo area. | |
4433 | |
4434 ** Vertical fractional scrolling. | |
4435 | |
4436 The display of text in windows can be scrolled smoothly in pixels. | |
4437 This is useful, for example, for making parts of large images visible. | |
4438 | |
4439 The function `window-vscroll' returns the current value of vertical | |
4440 scrolling, a non-negative fraction of the canonical character height. | |
4441 The function `set-window-vscroll' can be used to set the vertical | |
4442 scrolling value. Here is an example of how these function might be | |
4443 used. | |
4444 | |
4445 (global-set-key [A-down] | |
4446 #'(lambda () | |
4447 (interactive) | |
4448 (set-window-vscroll (selected-window) | |
4449 (+ 0.5 (window-vscroll))))) | |
4450 (global-set-key [A-up] | |
4451 #'(lambda () | |
4452 (interactive) | |
4453 (set-window-vscroll (selected-window) | |
4454 (- (window-vscroll) 0.5))))) | |
4455 | |
4456 ** New hook `fontification-functions'. | |
4457 | |
4458 Functions from `fontification-functions' are called from redisplay | |
4459 when it encounters a region of text that is not yet fontified. This | |
4460 variable automatically becomes buffer-local when set. Each function | |
4461 is called with one argument, POS. | |
4462 | |
4463 At least one of the hook functions should fontify one or more | |
4464 characters starting at POS in the current buffer. It should mark them | |
4465 as fontified by giving them a non-nil value of the `fontified' text | |
4466 property. It may be reasonable for these functions to check for the | |
4467 `fontified' property and not put it back on, but they do not have to. | |
4468 | |
4469 ** Tool bar support. | |
4470 | |
4471 Emacs supports a tool bar at the top of a frame under X. The frame | |
4472 parameter `tool-bar-lines' (X resource "toolBar", class "ToolBar") | |
4473 controls how may lines to reserve for the tool bar. A zero value | |
4474 suppresses the tool bar. If the value is non-zero and | |
4475 `auto-resize-tool-bars' is non-nil the tool bar's size will be changed | |
4476 automatically so that all tool bar items are visible. | |
4477 | |
4478 *** Tool bar item definitions | |
4479 | |
4480 Tool bar items are defined using `define-key' with a prefix-key | |
4481 `tool-bar'. For example `(define-key global-map [tool-bar item1] ITEM)' | |
4482 where ITEM is a list `(menu-item CAPTION BINDING PROPS...)'. | |
4483 | |
4484 CAPTION is the caption of the item, If it's not a string, it is | |
4485 evaluated to get a string. The caption is currently not displayed in | |
4486 the tool bar, but it is displayed if the item doesn't have a `:help' | |
4487 property (see below). | |
4488 | |
4489 BINDING is the tool bar item's binding. Tool bar items with keymaps as | |
4490 binding are currently ignored. | |
4491 | |
4492 The following properties are recognized: | |
4493 | |
4494 `:enable FORM'. | |
4495 | |
4496 FORM is evaluated and specifies whether the tool bar item is enabled | |
4497 or disabled. | |
4498 | |
4499 `:visible FORM' | |
4500 | |
4501 FORM is evaluated and specifies whether the tool bar item is displayed. | |
4502 | |
4503 `:filter FUNCTION' | |
4504 | |
4505 FUNCTION is called with one parameter, the same list BINDING in which | |
4506 FUNCTION is specified as the filter. The value FUNCTION returns is | |
4507 used instead of BINDING to display this item. | |
4508 | |
4509 `:button (TYPE SELECTED)' | |
4510 | |
4511 TYPE must be one of `:radio' or `:toggle'. SELECTED is evaluated | |
4512 and specifies whether the button is selected (pressed) or not. | |
4513 | |
4514 `:image IMAGES' | |
4515 | |
4516 IMAGES is either a single image specification or a vector of four | |
4517 image specifications. If it is a vector, this table lists the | |
4518 meaning of each of the four elements: | |
4519 | |
4520 Index Use when item is | |
4521 ---------------------------------------- | |
4522 0 enabled and selected | |
4523 1 enabled and deselected | |
4524 2 disabled and selected | |
4525 3 disabled and deselected | |
4526 | |
4527 If IMAGE is a single image specification, a Laplace edge-detection | |
4528 algorithm is used on that image to draw the image in disabled state. | |
4529 | |
4530 `:help HELP-STRING'. | |
4531 | |
4532 Gives a help string to display for the tool bar item. This help | |
4533 is displayed when the mouse is moved over the item. | |
4534 | |
4535 The function `toolbar-add-item' is a convenience function for adding | |
4536 toolbar items generally, and `tool-bar-add-item-from-menu' can be used | |
4537 to define a toolbar item with a binding copied from an item on the | |
4538 menu bar. | |
4539 | |
4540 The default bindings use a menu-item :filter to derive the tool-bar | |
4541 dynamically from variable `tool-bar-map' which may be set | |
4542 buffer-locally to override the global map. | |
4543 | |
4544 *** Tool-bar-related variables. | |
4545 | |
4546 If `auto-resize-tool-bar' is non-nil, the tool bar will automatically | |
4547 resize to show all defined tool bar items. It will never grow larger | |
4548 than 1/4 of the frame's size. | |
4549 | |
4550 If `auto-raise-tool-bar-buttons' is non-nil, tool bar buttons will be | |
4551 raised when the mouse moves over them. | |
4552 | |
4553 You can add extra space between tool bar items by setting | |
4554 `tool-bar-button-margin' to a positive integer specifying a number of | |
4555 pixels, or a pair of integers (X . Y) specifying horizontal and | |
4556 vertical margins . Default is 1. | |
4557 | |
4558 You can change the shadow thickness of tool bar buttons by setting | |
4559 `tool-bar-button-relief' to an integer. Default is 3. | |
4560 | |
4561 *** Tool-bar clicks with modifiers. | |
4562 | |
4563 You can bind commands to clicks with control, shift, meta etc. on | |
4564 a tool bar item. If | |
4565 | |
4566 (define-key global-map [tool-bar shell] | |
4567 '(menu-item "Shell" shell | |
4568 :image (image :type xpm :file "shell.xpm"))) | |
4569 | |
4570 is the original tool bar item definition, then | |
4571 | |
4572 (define-key global-map [tool-bar S-shell] 'some-command) | |
4573 | |
4574 makes a binding to run `some-command' for a shifted click on the same | |
4575 item. | |
4576 | |
4577 ** Mode line changes. | |
4578 | |
4579 *** Mouse-sensitive mode line. | |
4580 | |
4581 The mode line can be made mouse-sensitive by displaying strings there | |
4582 that have a `local-map' text property. There are three ways to display | |
4583 a string with a `local-map' property in the mode line. | |
4584 | |
4585 1. The mode line spec contains a variable whose string value has | |
4586 a `local-map' text property. | |
4587 | |
4588 2. The mode line spec contains a format specifier (e.g. `%12b'), and | |
4589 that format specifier has a `local-map' property. | |
4590 | |
4591 3. The mode line spec contains a list containing `:eval FORM'. FORM | |
4592 is evaluated. If the result is a string, and that string has a | |
4593 `local-map' property. | |
4594 | |
4595 The same mechanism is used to determine the `face' and `help-echo' | |
4596 properties of strings in the mode line. See `bindings.el' for an | |
4597 example. | |
4598 | |
4599 *** If a mode line element has the form `(:eval FORM)', FORM is | |
4600 evaluated and the result is used as mode line element. | |
4601 | |
4602 *** You can suppress mode-line display by setting the buffer-local | |
4603 variable mode-line-format to nil. | |
4604 | |
4605 *** A headerline can now be displayed at the top of a window. | |
4606 | |
4607 This mode line's contents are controlled by the new variable | |
4608 `header-line-format' and `default-header-line-format' which are | |
4609 completely analogous to `mode-line-format' and | |
4610 `default-mode-line-format'. A value of nil means don't display a top | |
4611 line. | |
4612 | |
4613 The appearance of top mode lines is controlled by the face | |
4614 `header-line'. | |
4615 | |
4616 The function `coordinates-in-window-p' returns `header-line' for a | |
4617 position in the header-line. | |
4618 | |
4619 ** Text property `display' | |
4620 | |
4621 The `display' text property is used to insert images into text, | |
4622 replace text with other text, display text in marginal area, and it is | |
4623 also used to control other aspects of how text displays. The value of | |
4624 the `display' property should be a display specification, as described | |
4625 below, or a list or vector containing display specifications. | |
4626 | |
4627 *** Replacing text, displaying text in marginal areas | |
4628 | |
4629 To replace the text having the `display' property with some other | |
4630 text, use a display specification of the form `(LOCATION STRING)'. | |
4631 | |
4632 If LOCATION is `(margin left-margin)', STRING is displayed in the left | |
4633 marginal area, if it is `(margin right-margin)', it is displayed in | |
4634 the right marginal area, and if LOCATION is `(margin nil)' STRING | |
4635 is displayed in the text. In the latter case you can also use the | |
4636 simpler form STRING as property value. | |
4637 | |
4638 *** Variable width and height spaces | |
4639 | |
4640 To display a space of fractional width or height, use a display | |
4641 specification of the form `(LOCATION STRECH)'. If LOCATION is | |
4642 `(margin left-margin)', the space is displayed in the left marginal | |
4643 area, if it is `(margin right-margin)', it is displayed in the right | |
4644 marginal area, and if LOCATION is `(margin nil)' the space is | |
4645 displayed in the text. In the latter case you can also use the | |
4646 simpler form STRETCH as property value. | |
4647 | |
4648 The stretch specification STRETCH itself is a list of the form `(space | |
4649 PROPS)', where PROPS is a property list which can contain the | |
4650 properties described below. | |
4651 | |
4652 The display of the fractional space replaces the display of the | |
4653 characters having the `display' property. | |
4654 | |
4655 - :width WIDTH | |
4656 | |
4657 Specifies that the space width should be WIDTH times the normal | |
4658 character width. WIDTH can be an integer or floating point number. | |
4659 | |
4660 - :relative-width FACTOR | |
4661 | |
4662 Specifies that the width of the stretch should be computed from the | |
4663 first character in a group of consecutive characters that have the | |
4664 same `display' property. The computation is done by multiplying the | |
4665 width of that character by FACTOR. | |
4666 | |
4667 - :align-to HPOS | |
4668 | |
4669 Specifies that the space should be wide enough to reach HPOS. The | |
4670 value HPOS is measured in units of the normal character width. | |
4671 | |
4672 Exactly one of the above properties should be used. | |
4673 | |
4674 - :height HEIGHT | |
4675 | |
4676 Specifies the height of the space, as HEIGHT, measured in terms of the | |
4677 normal line height. | |
4678 | |
4679 - :relative-height FACTOR | |
4680 | |
4681 The height of the space is computed as the product of the height | |
4682 of the text having the `display' property and FACTOR. | |
4683 | |
4684 - :ascent ASCENT | |
4685 | |
4686 Specifies that ASCENT percent of the height of the stretch should be | |
4687 used for the ascent of the stretch, i.e. for the part above the | |
4688 baseline. The value of ASCENT must be a non-negative number less or | |
4689 equal to 100. | |
4690 | |
4691 You should not use both `:height' and `:relative-height' together. | |
4692 | |
4693 *** Images | |
4694 | |
4695 A display specification for an image has the form `(LOCATION | |
4696 . IMAGE)', where IMAGE is an image specification. The image replaces, | |
4697 in the display, the characters having this display specification in | |
4698 their `display' text property. If LOCATION is `(margin left-margin)', | |
4699 the image will be displayed in the left marginal area, if it is | |
4700 `(margin right-margin)' it will be displayed in the right marginal | |
4701 area, and if LOCATION is `(margin nil)' the image will be displayed in | |
4702 the text. In the latter case you can also use the simpler form IMAGE | |
4703 as display specification. | |
4704 | |
4705 *** Other display properties | |
4706 | |
4707 - (space-width FACTOR) | |
4708 | |
4709 Specifies that space characters in the text having that property | |
4710 should be displayed FACTOR times as wide as normal; FACTOR must be an | |
4711 integer or float. | |
4712 | |
4713 - (height HEIGHT) | |
4714 | |
4715 Display text having this property in a font that is smaller or larger. | |
4716 | |
4717 If HEIGHT is a list of the form `(+ N)', where N is an integer, that | |
4718 means to use a font that is N steps larger. If HEIGHT is a list of | |
4719 the form `(- N)', that means to use a font that is N steps smaller. A | |
4720 ``step'' is defined by the set of available fonts; each size for which | |
4721 a font is available counts as a step. | |
4722 | |
4723 If HEIGHT is a number, that means to use a font that is HEIGHT times | |
4724 as tall as the frame's default font. | |
4725 | |
4726 If HEIGHT is a symbol, it is called as a function with the current | |
4727 height as argument. The function should return the new height to use. | |
4728 | |
4729 Otherwise, HEIGHT is evaluated to get the new height, with the symbol | |
4730 `height' bound to the current specified font height. | |
4731 | |
4732 - (raise FACTOR) | |
4733 | |
4734 FACTOR must be a number, specifying a multiple of the current | |
4735 font's height. If it is positive, that means to display the characters | |
4736 raised. If it is negative, that means to display them lower down. The | |
4737 amount of raising or lowering is computed without taking account of the | |
4738 `height' subproperty. | |
4739 | |
4740 *** Conditional display properties | |
4741 | |
4742 All display specifications can be conditionalized. If a specification | |
4743 has the form `(when CONDITION . SPEC)', the specification SPEC applies | |
4744 only when CONDITION yields a non-nil value when evaluated. During the | |
4745 evaluation, `object' is bound to the string or buffer having the | |
4746 conditional display property; `position' and `buffer-position' are | |
4747 bound to the position within `object' and the buffer position where | |
4748 the display property was found, respectively. Both positions can be | |
4749 different when object is a string. | |
4750 | |
4751 The normal specification consisting of SPEC only is equivalent to | |
4752 `(when t . SPEC)'. | |
4753 | |
4754 ** New menu separator types. | |
4755 | |
4756 Emacs now supports more than one menu separator type. Menu items with | |
4757 item names consisting of dashes only (including zero dashes) are | |
4758 treated like before. In addition, the following item names are used | |
4759 to specify other menu separator types. | |
4760 | |
4761 - `--no-line' or `--space', or `--:space', or `--:noLine' | |
4762 | |
4763 No separator lines are drawn, but a small space is inserted where the | |
4764 separator occurs. | |
4765 | |
4766 - `--single-line' or `--:singleLine' | |
4767 | |
4768 A single line in the menu's foreground color. | |
4769 | |
4770 - `--double-line' or `--:doubleLine' | |
4771 | |
4772 A double line in the menu's foreground color. | |
4773 | |
4774 - `--single-dashed-line' or `--:singleDashedLine' | |
4775 | |
4776 A single dashed line in the menu's foreground color. | |
4777 | |
4778 - `--double-dashed-line' or `--:doubleDashedLine' | |
4779 | |
4780 A double dashed line in the menu's foreground color. | |
4781 | |
4782 - `--shadow-etched-in' or `--:shadowEtchedIn' | |
4783 | |
4784 A single line with 3D sunken appearance. This is the form | |
4785 displayed for item names consisting of dashes only. | |
4786 | |
4787 - `--shadow-etched-out' or `--:shadowEtchedOut' | |
4788 | |
4789 A single line with 3D raised appearance. | |
4790 | |
4791 - `--shadow-etched-in-dash' or `--:shadowEtchedInDash' | |
4792 | |
4793 A single dashed line with 3D sunken appearance. | |
4794 | |
4795 - `--shadow-etched-out-dash' or `--:shadowEtchedOutDash' | |
4796 | |
4797 A single dashed line with 3D raise appearance. | |
4798 | |
4799 - `--shadow-double-etched-in' or `--:shadowDoubleEtchedIn' | |
4800 | |
4801 Two lines with 3D sunken appearance. | |
4802 | |
4803 - `--shadow-double-etched-out' or `--:shadowDoubleEtchedOut' | |
4804 | |
4805 Two lines with 3D raised appearance. | |
4806 | |
4807 - `--shadow-double-etched-in-dash' or `--:shadowDoubleEtchedInDash' | |
4808 | |
4809 Two dashed lines with 3D sunken appearance. | |
4810 | |
4811 - `--shadow-double-etched-out-dash' or `--:shadowDoubleEtchedOutDash' | |
4812 | |
4813 Two dashed lines with 3D raised appearance. | |
4814 | |
4815 Under LessTif/Motif, the last four separator types are displayed like | |
4816 the corresponding single-line separators. | |
4817 | |
4818 ** New frame parameters for scroll bar colors. | |
4819 | |
4820 The new frame parameters `scroll-bar-foreground' and | |
4821 `scroll-bar-background' can be used to change scroll bar colors. | |
4822 Their value must be either a color name, a string, or nil to specify | |
4823 that scroll bars should use a default color. For toolkit scroll bars, | |
4824 default colors are toolkit specific. For non-toolkit scroll bars, the | |
4825 default background is the background color of the frame, and the | |
4826 default foreground is black. | |
4827 | |
4828 The X resource name of these parameters are `scrollBarForeground' | |
4829 (class ScrollBarForeground) and `scrollBarBackground' (class | |
4830 `ScrollBarBackground'). | |
4831 | |
4832 Setting these parameters overrides toolkit specific X resource | |
4833 settings for scroll bar colors. | |
4834 | |
4835 ** You can set `redisplay-dont-pause' to a non-nil value to prevent | |
4836 display updates from being interrupted when input is pending. | |
4837 | |
4838 ** Changing a window's width may now change its window start if it | |
4839 starts on a continuation line. The new window start is computed based | |
4840 on the window's new width, starting from the start of the continued | |
4841 line as the start of the screen line with the minimum distance from | |
4842 the original window start. | |
4843 | |
4844 ** The variable `hscroll-step' and the functions | |
4845 `hscroll-point-visible' and `hscroll-window-column' have been removed | |
4846 now that proper horizontal scrolling is implemented. | |
4847 | |
4848 ** Windows can now be made fixed-width and/or fixed-height. | |
4849 | |
4850 A window is fixed-size if its buffer has a buffer-local variable | |
4851 `window-size-fixed' whose value is not nil. A value of `height' makes | |
4852 windows fixed-height, a value of `width' makes them fixed-width, any | |
4853 other non-nil value makes them both fixed-width and fixed-height. | |
4854 | |
4855 The following code makes all windows displaying the current buffer | |
4856 fixed-width and fixed-height. | |
4857 | |
4858 (set (make-local-variable 'window-size-fixed) t) | |
4859 | |
4860 A call to enlarge-window on a window gives an error if that window is | |
4861 fixed-width and it is tried to change the window's width, or if the | |
4862 window is fixed-height, and it is tried to change its height. To | |
4863 change the size of a fixed-size window, bind `window-size-fixed' | |
4864 temporarily to nil, for example | |
4865 | |
4866 (let ((window-size-fixed nil)) | |
4867 (enlarge-window 10)) | |
4868 | |
4869 Likewise, an attempt to split a fixed-height window vertically, | |
4870 or a fixed-width window horizontally results in a error. | |
4871 | |
4872 ** The cursor-type frame parameter is now supported on MS-DOS | |
4873 terminals. When Emacs starts, it by default changes the cursor shape | |
4874 to a solid box, as it does on Unix. The `cursor-type' frame parameter | |
4875 overrides this as it does on Unix, except that the bar cursor is | |
4876 horizontal rather than vertical (since the MS-DOS display doesn't | |
4877 support a vertical-bar cursor). | |
4878 | |
4879 | |
4880 | |
4881 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
4882 Copyright information: | |
4883 | |
4884 Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2006 | |
4885 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
4886 | |
4887 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies | |
4888 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the | |
4889 copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved, | |
4890 thus giving the recipient permission to redistribute in turn. | |
4891 | |
4892 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions | |
4893 of this document, or of portions of it, | |
4894 under the above conditions, provided also that they | |
4895 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them. | |
4896 | |
4897 Local variables: | |
4898 mode: outline | |
4899 paragraph-separate: "[ ]*$" | |
4900 end: |