comparison doc/man/emacs.1 @ 106928:ab59a02f9f9a

Merge from mainline.

106927:6d51d2e8c691

is a version of
.IR Emacs ,
written by the author of the original (PDP-10)
.IR Emacs ,
Richard Stallman.
.br
The primary documentation of GNU Emacs is in the GNU Emacs Manual,
which you can read using Info, either from Emacs or as a standalone
program.
Please look there for complete and up-to-date documentation.
This man page is updated only when someone volunteers to do so; the
Emacs maintainers' priority goal is to minimize the amount of time
this man page takes away from other more useful projects.
.br
The user functionality of GNU Emacs encompasses
everything other
.I Emacs
editors do, and it is easily extensible since its
editing commands are written in Lisp.
.PP
.I Emacs
has an extensive interactive help facility,
but the facility assumes that you know how to manipulate
.I Emacs
windows and buffers.
CTRL-h or F1 enters the Help facility.
Help Tutorial (CTRL-h t) starts an interactive tutorial which can
teach beginners the fundamentals of
.I Emacs
in a few minutes.
Help Apropos (CTRL-h a) helps you
find a command given its functionality, Help Character (CTRL-h c)
describes a given character's effect, and Help Function (CTRL-h f)
describes a given Lisp function specified by name.
.PP
.IR Emacs 's
Undo can undo several steps of modification to your buffers, so it is
easy to recover from editing mistakes.
.PP
.IR "GNU Emacs" 's
many special packages handle mail reading (RMail) and sending (Mail),
outline editing (Outline), compiling (Compile), running subshells
within
.I Emacs
windows (Shell), running a Lisp read-eval-print loop
(Lisp-Interaction-Mode), automated psychotherapy (Doctor), and much more.
.PP
There is an extensive reference manual, but
users of other Emacses
should have little trouble adapting even
without a copy.
Users new to
.I Emacs
will be able
to use basic features fairly rapidly by studying the tutorial and
using the self-documentation features.
.
.SS Emacs Options
The following options are of general interest:
.RS
.TP 8

Do not load the site-wide startup file.
.TP
.B \-\-no\-desktop
Do not load a saved desktop.
.TP
.BR \-nl ", " \-\-no\-shared\-memory
Do not use shared memory.
.TP
.BR \-Q ", " \-\-quick
Equivalent to "\-q \-\-no\-site\-file \-\-no\-splash".
.TP
.B \-\-no\-splash
Do not display a splash screen during start-up.
.TP
.B \-\-debug\-init

Use specified
.I file
as the terminal instead of using stdin/stdout.
This must be the first argument specified in the command line.
.TP
.BR \-\-multibyte ", " \-\-no-unibyte
Enable multibyte mode (enabled by default).
.TP
.BR \-\-unibyte ", " \-\-no-multibyte
Enable unibyte mode.
.TP
.B \-\-version
Display
.I Emacs
version information and exit.
.TP
.B \-\-help
Display this help and exit.
.RE
.PP
The following options are lisp-oriented
(these options are processed in the order encountered):
.RS
.TP 8
.BI \-f " function\fR,\fP " \-\-funcall " function"
Execute the lisp function

.RS
.TP 8
.B \-\-batch
Edit in batch mode.
The editor will send messages to stderr.
This option must be the first in the argument list.
You must use \-l and \-f options to specify files to execute
and functions to call.
.TP
.BI \-\-script " file"
Run

Make the first frame fullscreen.
.TP
.BR \-fw ", " \-\-fullwidth
Make the first frame as wide as the screen.
.TP
.BI \-fg " color\fR,\fP " \-\-foreground\-color " color"
On color displays, set the color of the text.

Use the command
.I M\-x list\-colors\-display

Disable blinking cursor.
.TP
.BR \-nw ", " \-\-no\-window\-system
Tell
.I Emacs
not to use its special interface to X.
If you use this switch when invoking
.I Emacs
from an
.BR xterm (1)
window, display is done in that window.

.BI \- depth\fR,\fP
where
.I depth
is the number of color planes.
.RE
.PP
If you try to set color values while using a black and white display,
the window's characteristics will default as follows:
the foreground color will be set to black,
the background color will be set to white,
the border color will be set to grey,
and the text and mouse cursors will be set to black.
.
.SS Using the Mouse
.PP
The following lists some of the mouse button bindings for the
.I Emacs
window under X11.
.
.RS
.TS
l l
- -
l l.
MOUSE BUTTON	FUNCTION
left	Set point.
middle	Paste text.
right	Cut text into X cut buffer.
SHIFT-middle	Cut text into X cut buffer.
SHIFT-right	Paste text.
CTRL-middle	Cut text into X cut buffer and kill it.
CTRL-right	T{
Select this window, then split it into two windows.
Same as typing CTRL\-x 2.
T}
.\" START DELETING HERE IF YOU'RE NOT USING X MENUS
CTRL-SHIFT-left	T{
X buffer menu \(em hold the buttons and keys
down, wait for menu to appear, select buffer, and release.
Move mouse out of menu and release to cancel.
T}
CTRL-SHIFT-middle	T{
X help menu \(em pop up index card menu for Emacs help.
T}
.\" STOP DELETING HERE IF YOU'RE NOT USING X MENUS
CTRL-SHIFT-right	T{
Select window with mouse, and delete all other windows.
Same as typing CTRL\-x 1.
T}
.\" STOP DELETING HERE IF YOU'RE NOT USING X
.TE
.RE
.
.
.SH MANUALS
You can order printed copies of the GNU Emacs Manual from the Free
Software Foundation, which develops GNU software.
See the file ORDERS for ordering information.

.
.
.SH AUTHORS
.I Emacs
was written by Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation.
Joachim Martillo and Robert Krawitz added the X features.
.
.
.SH COPYING
Copyright
.if t \(co
.if n (C)
1995, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005,
      2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
.PP
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
document provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.
.PP

106928:ab59a02f9f9a

is a version of
.IR Emacs ,
written by the author of the original (PDP-10)
.IR Emacs ,
Richard Stallman.
The user functionality of GNU Emacs encompasses everything other
editors do, and it is easily extensible since its editing commands are
written in Lisp.
.PP
The primary documentation of GNU Emacs is in the GNU Emacs Manual,
which you can read using Info, either from Emacs or as a standalone
program.
Please look there for complete and up-to-date documentation.
This man page is updated only when someone volunteers to do so.
.PP
.I Emacs
has an extensive interactive help facility,
but the facility assumes that you know how to manipulate
.I Emacs
windows and buffers.
CTRL-h or F1 enters the Help facility.
Help Tutorial (CTRL-h t) starts an interactive tutorial to quickly
teach beginners the fundamentals of
.I Emacs.
Help Apropos (CTRL-h a) helps you find a command given its
functionality, Help Key (CTRL-h k) describes a given key sequence, and
Help Function (CTRL-h f) describes a given Lisp function.
.PP
.IR "GNU Emacs" 's
many special packages handle mail reading (RMail) and sending (Mail),
outline editing (Outline), compiling (Compile), running subshells
within
.I Emacs
windows (Shell), running a Lisp read-eval-print loop
(Lisp-Interaction-Mode), automated psychotherapy (Doctor), and much more.
.
.SS Emacs Options
The following options are of general interest:
.RS
.TP 8

Do not load the site-wide startup file.
.TP
.B \-\-no\-desktop
Do not load a saved desktop.
.TP
.BR \-Q ", " \-\-quick
Similar to "\-q \-\-no\-site\-file \-\-no\-splash".  Also, avoid
processing X resources.
.TP
.B \-\-no\-splash
Do not display a splash screen during start-up.
.TP
.B \-\-debug\-init

Use specified
.I file
as the terminal instead of using stdin/stdout.
This must be the first argument specified in the command line.
.TP
.B \-\-daemon
Start Emacs as a daemon, enabling the Emacs server and disconnecting
from the terminal.  You can then use the emacsclient command to
connect to the server (see
.BR emacsclient (1)).
.TP
.B \-\-version
Display
.I Emacs
version information and exit.
.TP
.B \-\-help
Display this help and exit.
.RE
.PP
The following options are Lisp-oriented
(these options are processed in the order encountered):
.RS
.TP 8
.BI \-f " function\fR,\fP " \-\-funcall " function"
Execute the lisp function

.RS
.TP 8
.B \-\-batch
Edit in batch mode.
The editor will send messages to stderr.
You must use \-l and \-f options to specify files to execute
and functions to call.
.TP
.BI \-\-script " file"
Run

Make the first frame fullscreen.
.TP
.BR \-fw ", " \-\-fullwidth
Make the first frame as wide as the screen.
.TP
.BR \-mm ", " \-\-maximized
Maximize the first frame, like "\-fw \-fh".
.TP
.BI \-fg " color\fR,\fP " \-\-foreground\-color " color"
On color displays, set the color of the text.

Use the command
.I M\-x list\-colors\-display

Disable blinking cursor.
.TP
.BR \-nw ", " \-\-no\-window\-system
Tell
.I Emacs
not to create a graphical frame.
If you use this switch when invoking
.I Emacs
from an
.BR xterm (1)
window, display is done in that window.

.BI \- depth\fR,\fP
where
.I depth
is the number of color planes.
.RE
.
.SH MANUALS
You can order printed copies of the GNU Emacs Manual from the Free
Software Foundation, which develops GNU software.
See the file ORDERS for ordering information.

.
.
.SH AUTHORS
.I Emacs
was written by Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation.
For detailed credits and acknowledgements, see the GNU Emacs manual.
.
.
.
.SH COPYING
Copyright
.if t \(co
.if n (C)
1995, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008,
2009, 2010
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
.PP
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
document provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.
.PP