comparison man/cc-mode.texi @ 71224:b7261e09f8e4

* cc-mode.texi (Getting Started, Indentation Commands, Config Basics) (Custom Filling and Breaking, Custom Braces, Syntactic Symbols) (Line-Up Functions, Custom Macros): * ediff.texi (Window and Frame Configuration) (Highlighting Difference Regions, Highlighting Difference Regions): * emacs-mime.texi (Display Customization): * erc.texi (History): * eshell.texi (Known problems): * eudc.texi (Overview, BBDB): * gnus.texi (NNTP, IMAP, Advanced Scoring Examples) (The problem of spam, SpamOracle, Extending the Spam package) (Conformity, Terminology): * idlwave.texi (Routine Info, Routine Info) (Class and Keyword Inheritance, Padding Operators) (Breakpoints and Stepping, Electric Debug Mode) (Examining Variables, Troubleshooting): * org.texi (Creating timestamps): * reftex.texi (Commands, Options, Changes): * tramp.texi (Inline methods, Password caching) (Auto-save and Backup, Issues): * vip.texi (Files, Commands in Insert Mode): * viper.texi (Emacs Preliminaries, States in Viper) (Packages that Change Keymaps, Viper Specials, Groundwork): * xresmini.texi (GTK resources): Fix various typos.

71223:31d9cfc257a4

@page
@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
@insertcopying

This manual was generated from $Revision: 1.36 $ of $RCSfile: cc-mode.texi,v $, which can be
downloaded from
@url{http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/emacs/emacs/man/cc-mode.texi}.
@end titlepage

@comment !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

@end example

@item The (indentation) style
The basic ``shape'' of indentation created by @ccmode{}---by default,
this is @code{gnu} style (except for Java and AWK buffers).  A list of
the availables styles and their descriptions can be found in
@ref{Built-in Styles}.  A complete specification of the @ccmode{}
style system, including how to create your own style, can be found in
the chapter @ref{Styles}.  To set your style to @code{linux}, either
customize @code{c-default-style} or put this into your @file{.emacs}:

@findex indent-command (c-)
This command indents the current line.  That is all you need to know
about it for normal use.

@code{c-indent-command} does different things, depending on the
settting of @code{c-syntactic-indentation} (@pxref{Indentation Engine
Basics}):

@itemize @bullet
@item
When it's non-@code{nil} (which it normally is), the command indents

@node    Config Basics, Custom Filling and Breaking, Font Locking, Top
@comment  node-name,  next,  previous,  up
@chapter Configuration Basics
@comment !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

@cindex Emacs Initiliazation File
@cindex Configuration
You configure @ccmode{} by setting Lisp variables and calling (and
perhaps writing) Lisp functions@footnote{DON'T PANIC!!!  This isn't
difficult.}, which is usually done by adding code to an Emacs
initialization file.  This file might be @file{site-start.el} or

variable@footnote{In versions before 5.26, this variable was called
@code{c-comment-continuation-stars}.  As a compatibility measure,
@ccmode{} still uses the value on that variable if it's set.} is used
then as the comment prefix.  It defaults to @samp{*
}@footnote{Actually, this default setting of
@code{c-block-comment-prefix} typically gets overriden by the default
style @code{gnu}, which sets it to blank.  You can see the line
splitting effect described here by setting a different style,
e.g. @code{k&r} @xref{Choosing a Style}.}, which makes a comment

@example

Syntactic symbols aren't the only place where you can customize
@ccmode{} with the lisp equivalent of callback functions.  Remember
that @var{action}s are usually a list containing some combination of
the symbols @code{before} and @code{after} (@pxref{Hanging Braces}).
For more flexibility, you can instead specify brace ``hanginess'' by
giving a synctactic symbol an @dfn{action function} in
@code{c-hanging-braces-alist}; this function determines the
``hanginess'' of a brace, usually by looking at the code near it.

@cindex customization, brace hanging
An action function is called with two arguments: the syntactic symbol

@item inclass
The line is nested inside a class definition.  @ref{Class Symbols}.
@item cpp-macro
The start of a preprocessor macro definition.  @ref{Literal Symbols}.
@item cpp-define-intro
The first line inside a multiline preproprocessor macro if
@code{c-syntactic-indentation-in-macros} is set.  @ref{Multiline Macro
Symbols}.
@item cpp-macro-cont
All lines inside multiline preprocessor macros if
@code{c-syntactic-indentation-in-macros} is @code{nil}.

offset itself (such as @code{+} or @code{[0]}) or it's @code{nil},
meaning ``this function is inappropriate in this case - try a
different one''.  @xref{c-offsets-alist}.

The subsections below describe all the standard line-up functions,
categorized by the sort of token the lining-up centres around.  For
each of these functions there is a ``works with'' list that indicates
which syntactic symbols the function is intended to be used with.

@macro workswith
@emph{Works with:@ }

@cindex macros
@cindex preprocessor directives
@comment !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Normally, the lines in a multi-line macro are indented relative to
eachother as though they were code.  You can suppress this behaviour
by setting the following user option:

@defopt c-syntactic-indentation-in-macros
@vindex syntactic-indentation-in-macros (c-)
Enable syntactic analysis inside macros, which is the default.  If this

71224:b7261e09f8e4

@page
@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
@insertcopying

This manual was generated from $Revision$ of $RCSfile$, which can be
downloaded from
@url{http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/emacs/emacs/man/cc-mode.texi}.
@end titlepage

@comment !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

@end example

@item The (indentation) style
The basic ``shape'' of indentation created by @ccmode{}---by default,
this is @code{gnu} style (except for Java and AWK buffers).  A list of
the available styles and their descriptions can be found in
@ref{Built-in Styles}.  A complete specification of the @ccmode{}
style system, including how to create your own style, can be found in
the chapter @ref{Styles}.  To set your style to @code{linux}, either
customize @code{c-default-style} or put this into your @file{.emacs}:

@findex indent-command (c-)
This command indents the current line.  That is all you need to know
about it for normal use.

@code{c-indent-command} does different things, depending on the
setting of @code{c-syntactic-indentation} (@pxref{Indentation Engine
Basics}):

@itemize @bullet
@item
When it's non-@code{nil} (which it normally is), the command indents

@node    Config Basics, Custom Filling and Breaking, Font Locking, Top
@comment  node-name,  next,  previous,  up
@chapter Configuration Basics
@comment !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

@cindex Emacs Initialization File
@cindex Configuration
You configure @ccmode{} by setting Lisp variables and calling (and
perhaps writing) Lisp functions@footnote{DON'T PANIC!!!  This isn't
difficult.}, which is usually done by adding code to an Emacs
initialization file.  This file might be @file{site-start.el} or

variable@footnote{In versions before 5.26, this variable was called
@code{c-comment-continuation-stars}.  As a compatibility measure,
@ccmode{} still uses the value on that variable if it's set.} is used
then as the comment prefix.  It defaults to @samp{*
}@footnote{Actually, this default setting of
@code{c-block-comment-prefix} typically gets overridden by the default
style @code{gnu}, which sets it to blank.  You can see the line
splitting effect described here by setting a different style,
e.g. @code{k&r} @xref{Choosing a Style}.}, which makes a comment

@example

Syntactic symbols aren't the only place where you can customize
@ccmode{} with the lisp equivalent of callback functions.  Remember
that @var{action}s are usually a list containing some combination of
the symbols @code{before} and @code{after} (@pxref{Hanging Braces}).
For more flexibility, you can instead specify brace ``hanginess'' by
giving a syntactic symbol an @dfn{action function} in
@code{c-hanging-braces-alist}; this function determines the
``hanginess'' of a brace, usually by looking at the code near it.

@cindex customization, brace hanging
An action function is called with two arguments: the syntactic symbol

@item inclass
The line is nested inside a class definition.  @ref{Class Symbols}.
@item cpp-macro
The start of a preprocessor macro definition.  @ref{Literal Symbols}.
@item cpp-define-intro
The first line inside a multiline preprocessor macro if
@code{c-syntactic-indentation-in-macros} is set.  @ref{Multiline Macro
Symbols}.
@item cpp-macro-cont
All lines inside multiline preprocessor macros if
@code{c-syntactic-indentation-in-macros} is @code{nil}.

offset itself (such as @code{+} or @code{[0]}) or it's @code{nil},
meaning ``this function is inappropriate in this case - try a
different one''.  @xref{c-offsets-alist}.

The subsections below describe all the standard line-up functions,
categorized by the sort of token the lining-up centers around.  For
each of these functions there is a ``works with'' list that indicates
which syntactic symbols the function is intended to be used with.

@macro workswith
@emph{Works with:@ }

@cindex macros
@cindex preprocessor directives
@comment !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Normally, the lines in a multi-line macro are indented relative to
each other as though they were code.  You can suppress this behaviour
by setting the following user option:

@defopt c-syntactic-indentation-in-macros
@vindex syntactic-indentation-in-macros (c-)
Enable syntactic analysis inside macros, which is the default.  If this