Mercurial > emacs
diff lispref/elisp.texi @ 62244:1053cf8f89ea
(Top): Update to the current structure of the manual.
| author | Lute Kamstra <lute@gnu.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 11 May 2005 23:25:27 +0000 |
| parents | 36f1bfc37efb |
| children | 2f43def6e036 62afea0771d8 |
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--- a/lispref/elisp.texi Wed May 11 23:04:08 2005 +0000 +++ b/lispref/elisp.texi Wed May 11 23:25:27 2005 +0000 @@ -101,7 +101,6 @@ @menu * Introduction:: Introduction and conventions used. -* Standards: Coding Conventions. Coding conventions for Emacs Lisp. * Lisp Data Types:: Data types of objects in Emacs Lisp. * Numbers:: Numbers and arithmetic functions. @@ -184,6 +183,7 @@ * Caveats:: Flaws and a request for help. * Lisp History:: Emacs Lisp is descended from Maclisp. * Conventions:: How the manual is formatted. +* Version Info:: Which Emacs version is running? * Acknowledgements:: The authors, editors, and sponsors of this manual. Conventions @@ -196,14 +196,6 @@ * Buffer Text Notation:: The format we use for buffer contents in examples. * Format of Descriptions:: Notation for describing functions, variables, etc. -Tips and Conventions - -* Coding Conventions:: Conventions for clean and robust programs. -* Compilation Tips:: Making compiled code run fast. -* Documentation Tips:: Writing readable documentation strings. -* Comment Tips:: Conventions for writing comments. -* Library Headers:: Standard headers for library packages. - Format of Descriptions * A Sample Function Description:: @@ -215,6 +207,7 @@ * Comments:: Comments and their formatting conventions. * Programming Types:: Types found in all Lisp systems. * Editing Types:: Types specific to Emacs. +* Circular Objects:: Read syntax for circular structure. * Type Predicates:: Tests related to types. * Equality Predicates:: Tests of equality between any two objects. @@ -224,13 +217,16 @@ * Floating Point Type:: Numbers with fractional parts and with a large range. * Character Type:: The representation of letters, numbers and control characters. +* Symbol Type:: A multi-use object that refers to a function, + variable, property list, or itself. * Sequence Type:: Both lists and arrays are classified as sequences. * Cons Cell Type:: Cons cells, and lists (which are made from cons cells). * Array Type:: Arrays include strings and vectors. * String Type:: An (efficient) array of characters. * Vector Type:: One-dimensional arrays. -* Symbol Type:: A multi-use object that refers to a function, - variable, property list, or itself. +* Char-Table Type:: One-dimensional sparse arrays indexed by characters. +* Bool-Vector Type:: One-dimensional arrays of @code{t} or @code{nil}. +* Hash Table Type:: Super-fast lookup tables. * Function Type:: A piece of executable code you can call from elsewhere. * Macro Type:: A method of expanding an expression into another expression, more fundamental but less pretty. @@ -239,17 +235,20 @@ * Autoload Type:: A type used for automatically loading seldom-used functions. -List Type +Cons Cell and List Types +* Box Diagrams:: Drawing pictures of lists. * Dotted Pair Notation:: An alternative syntax for lists. * Association List Type:: A specially constructed list. Editing Types * Buffer Type:: The basic object of editing. +* Marker Type:: A position in a buffer. * Window Type:: What makes buffers visible. +* Frame Type:: Windows subdivide frames. * Window Configuration Type::Save what the screen looks like. -* Marker Type:: A position in a buffer. +* Frame Configuration Type::Recording the status of all frames. * Process Type:: A process running on the underlying OS. * Stream Type:: Receive or send characters. * Keymap Type:: What function a keystroke invokes. @@ -261,9 +260,10 @@ * Float Basics:: Representation and range of floating point. * Predicates on Numbers:: Testing for numbers. * Comparison of Numbers:: Equality and inequality predicates. +* Numeric Conversions:: Converting float to integer and vice versa. * Arithmetic Operations:: How to add, subtract, multiply and divide. +* Rounding Operations:: Explicitly rounding floating point numbers. * Bitwise Operations:: Logical and, or, not, shifting. -* Numeric Conversions:: Converting float to integer and vice versa. * Math Functions:: Trig, exponential and logarithmic functions. * Random Numbers:: Obtaining random integers, predictable or not. @@ -272,10 +272,12 @@ * String Basics:: Basic properties of strings and characters. * Predicates for Strings:: Testing whether an object is a string or char. * Creating Strings:: Functions to allocate new strings. +* Modifying Strings:: Altering the contents of an existing string. * Text Comparison:: Comparing characters or strings. * String Conversion:: Converting characters or strings and vice versa. * Formatting Strings:: @code{format}: Emacs's analogue of @code{printf}. * Case Conversion:: Case conversion functions. +* Case Tables:: Customizing case conversion. Lists @@ -300,6 +302,16 @@ * Arrays:: Characteristics of arrays in Emacs Lisp. * Array Functions:: Functions specifically for arrays. * Vectors:: Functions specifically for vectors. +* Vector Functions:: Functions specifically for vectors. +* Char-Tables:: How to work with char-tables. +* Bool-Vectors:: How to work with bool-vectors. + +Hash Tables + +* Creating Hash:: Functions to create hash tables. +* Hash Access:: Reading and writing the hash table contents. +* Defining Hash:: Defining new comparison methods +* Other Hash:: Miscellaneous. Symbols @@ -313,16 +325,18 @@ Evaluation * Intro Eval:: Evaluation in the scheme of things. -* Eval:: How to invoke the Lisp interpreter explicitly. * Forms:: How various sorts of objects are evaluated. * Quoting:: Avoiding evaluation (to put constants in the program). +* Eval:: How to invoke the Lisp interpreter explicitly. Kinds of Forms * Self-Evaluating Forms:: Forms that evaluate to themselves. * Symbol Forms:: Symbols evaluate as variables. * Classifying Lists:: How to distinguish various sorts of list forms. +* Function Indirection:: When a symbol appears as the car of a list, + we find the real function via the symbol. * Function Forms:: Forms that call functions. * Macro Forms:: Forms that call macros. * Special Forms:: ``Special forms'' are idiosyncratic primitives, @@ -333,7 +347,7 @@ Control Structures * Sequencing:: Evaluation in textual order. -* Conditionals:: @code{if}, @code{cond}. +* Conditionals:: @code{if}, @code{cond}, @code{when}, @code{unless}. * Combining Conditions:: @code{and}, @code{or}, @code{not}. * Iteration:: @code{while} loops. * Nonlocal Exits:: Jumping out of a sequence. @@ -360,11 +374,19 @@ * Local Variables:: Variable values that exist only temporarily. * Void Variables:: Symbols that lack values. * Defining Variables:: A definition says a symbol is used as a variable. +* Tips for Defining:: Things you should think about when you + define a variable. * Accessing Variables:: Examining values of variables whose names are known only at run time. * Setting Variables:: Storing new values in variables. * Variable Scoping:: How Lisp chooses among local and global values. * Buffer-Local Variables:: Variable values in effect only in one buffer. +* Frame-Local Variables:: Variable values in effect only in one frame. +* Future Local Variables:: New kinds of local values we might add some day. +* Variable Aliases:: Variables that are aliases for other variables. +* File Local Variables:: Handling local variable lists in files. +* Variables with Restricted Values:: Non-constant variables whose value can + @emph{not} be an arbitrary Lisp object. Scoping Rules for Variable Bindings @@ -393,6 +415,9 @@ * Anonymous Functions:: Lambda-expressions are functions with no names. * Function Cells:: Accessing or setting the function definition of a symbol. +* Obsolete Functions:: Declaring functions obsolete. +* Inline Functions:: Defining functions that the compiler will open code. +* Function Safety:: Determining whether a function is safe to call. * Related Topics:: Cross-references to specific Lisp primitives that have a special bearing on how functions work. @@ -415,6 +440,14 @@ Don't hide the user's variables. * Indenting Macros:: Specifying how to indent macro calls. +Writing Customization Definitions + +* Common Keywords:: Common keyword arguments for all kinds of + customization declarations. +* Group Definitions:: Writing customization group definitions. +* Variable Definitions:: Declaring user options. +* Customization Types:: Specifying the type of a user option. + Loading * How Programs Do Loading:: The @code{load} function and others. @@ -430,13 +463,20 @@ Byte Compilation +* Speed of Byte-Code:: An example of speedup from byte compilation. * Compilation Functions:: Byte compilation functions. +* Docs and Compilation:: Dynamic loading of documentation strings. +* Dynamic Loading:: Dynamic loading of individual functions. +* Eval During Compile:: Code to be evaluated when you compile. +* Compiler Errors:: Handling compiler error messages. +* Byte-Code Objects:: The data type used for byte-compiled functions. * Disassembly:: Disassembling byte-code; how to read byte-code. -Advising Functions +Advising Emacs Lisp Functions * Simple Advice:: A simple example to explain the basics of advice. * Defining Advice:: Detailed description of @code{defadvice}. +* Around-Advice:: Wrapping advice around a function's definition. * Computed Advice:: ...is to @code{defadvice} as @code{fset} is to @code{defun}. * Activation of Advice:: Advice doesn't do anything until you activate it. * Enabling Advice:: You can enable or disable each piece of advice. @@ -449,14 +489,16 @@ Debugging Lisp Programs * Debugger:: How the Emacs Lisp debugger is implemented. +* Edebug:: A source-level Emacs Lisp debugger. * Syntax Errors:: How to find syntax errors. +* Test Coverage:: Ensuring you have tested all branches in your code. * Compilation Errors:: How to find errors that show up in byte compilation. -* Edebug:: A source-level Emacs Lisp debugger. The Lisp Debugger * Error Debugging:: Entering the debugger when an error happens. +* Infinite Loops:: Stopping and debugging a program that doesn't exit. * Function Debugging:: Entering it when a certain function is called. * Explicit Debug:: Entering it at a certain point in the program. * Using Debugger:: What the debugger does; what you see while in it. @@ -464,6 +506,27 @@ * Invoking the Debugger:: How to call the function @code{debug}. * Internals of Debugger:: Subroutines of the debugger, and global variables. +Edebug + +* Using Edebug:: Introduction to use of Edebug. +* Instrumenting:: You must instrument your code + in order to debug it with Edebug. +* Edebug Execution Modes:: Execution modes, stopping more or less often. +* Jumping:: Commands to jump to a specified place. +* Edebug Misc:: Miscellaneous commands. +* Breakpoints:: Setting breakpoints to make the program stop. +* Trapping Errors:: Trapping errors with Edebug. +* Edebug Views:: Views inside and outside of Edebug. +* Edebug Eval:: Evaluating expressions within Edebug. +* Eval List:: Expressions whose values are displayed + each time you enter Edebug. +* Printing in Edebug:: Customization of printing. +* Trace Buffer:: How to produce trace output in a buffer. +* Coverage Testing:: How to test evaluation coverage. +* The Outside Context:: Data that Edebug saves and restores. +* Instrumenting Macro Calls:: Specifying how to handle macro calls. +* Edebug Options:: Option variables for customizing Edebug. + Debugging Invalid Lisp Syntax * Excess Open:: How to find a spurious open paren or missing close. @@ -478,14 +541,21 @@ * Output Streams:: Various data types that can be used as output streams. * Output Functions:: Functions to print Lisp objects as text. +* Output Variables:: Variables that control what the printing + functions do. Minibuffers * Intro to Minibuffers:: Basic information about minibuffers. * Text from Minibuffer:: How to read a straight text string. * Object from Minibuffer:: How to read a Lisp object or expression. +* Minibuffer History:: Recording previous minibuffer inputs + so the user can reuse them. +* Initial Input:: Specifying initial contents for the minibuffer. * Completion:: How to invoke and customize completion. * Yes-or-No Queries:: Asking a question with a simple answer. +* Multiple Queries:: Asking a series of similar questions. +* Reading a Password:: Reading a password from the terminal. * Minibuffer Misc:: Various customization hooks and variables. Completion @@ -505,8 +575,10 @@ * Defining Commands:: Specifying how a function should read arguments. * Interactive Call:: Calling a command, so that it will read arguments. * Command Loop Info:: Variables set by the command loop for you to examine. +* Adjusting Point:: Adjustment of point after a command. * Input Events:: What input looks like when you read it. * Reading Input:: How to read input events from the keyboard or mouse. +* Special Events:: Events processed immediately and individually. * Waiting:: Waiting for user input or elapsed time. * Quitting:: How @kbd{C-g} works. How to catch or defer quitting. * Prefix Command Arguments:: How the commands to set prefix args work. @@ -531,8 +603,6 @@ * Inheritance and Keymaps:: How one keymap can inherit the bindings of another keymap. * Prefix Keys:: Defining a key with a keymap as its definition. -* Menu Keymaps:: A keymap can define a menu for X - or for use from the terminal. * Active Keymaps:: Each buffer has a local keymap to override the standard (global) bindings. Each minor mode can also override them. @@ -542,6 +612,8 @@ * Remapping Commands:: Bindings that translate one command to another. * Key Binding Commands:: Interactive interfaces for redefining keys. * Scanning Keymaps:: Looking through all keymaps, for printing help. +* Menu Keymaps:: A keymap can define a menu for X + or for use from the terminal. Major and Minor Modes @@ -600,11 +672,15 @@ * Reading from Files:: Reading files into other buffers. * Writing to Files:: Writing new files from parts of buffers. * File Locks:: Locking and unlocking files, to prevent - simultaneous editing by two people. -* Information about Files:: Testing existence, accessibility, size of files. -* Contents of Directories:: Getting a list of the files in a directory. + simultaneous editing by two people. +* Information about Files:: Testing existence, accessibility, size of files. * Changing Files:: Renaming files, changing protection, etc. * File Names:: Decomposing and expanding file names. +* Contents of Directories:: Getting a list of the files in a directory. +* Create/Delete Dirs:: Creating and Deleting Directories. +* Magic File Names:: Defining "magic" special handling + for certain file names. +* Format Conversion:: Conversion to and from various file formats. Visiting Files @@ -614,19 +690,22 @@ Information about Files * Testing Accessibility:: Is a given file readable? Writable? -* Kinds of Files:: Is it a directory? A link? +* Kinds of Files:: Is it a directory? A symbolic link? +* Truenames:: Eliminating symbolic links from a file name. * File Attributes:: How large is it? Any other names? Etc. File Names * File Name Components:: The directory part of a file name, and the rest. +* Relative File Names:: Some file names are relative to a + current directory. * Directory Names:: A directory's name as a directory is different from its name as a file. -* Relative File Names:: Some file names are relative to a - current directory. * File Name Expansion:: Converting relative file names to absolute ones. * Unique File Names:: Generating names for temporary files. * File Name Completion:: Finding the completions for a given file name. +* Standard File Names:: If your package uses a fixed file name, + how to handle various operating systems simply. Backups and Auto-Saving @@ -648,6 +727,8 @@ Buffers * Buffer Basics:: What is a buffer? +* Current Buffer:: Designating a buffer as current + so primitives will access its contents. * Buffer Names:: Accessing and changing buffer names. * Buffer File Name:: The buffer file name indicates which file is visited. @@ -659,8 +740,9 @@ * The Buffer List:: How to look at all the existing buffers. * Creating Buffers:: Functions that create buffers. * Killing Buffers:: Buffers exist until explicitly killed. -* Current Buffer:: Designating a buffer as current - so primitives will access its contents. +* Indirect Buffers:: An indirect buffer shares text with some + other buffer. +* Buffer Gap:: The gap in the buffer. Windows @@ -672,14 +754,20 @@ * Buffers and Windows:: Each window displays the contents of a buffer. * Displaying Buffers:: Higher-lever functions for displaying a buffer and choosing a window for it. +* Choosing Window:: How to choose a window for displaying a buffer. * Window Point:: Each window has its own location of point. * Window Start:: The display-start position controls which text is on-screen in the window. -* Vertical Scrolling:: Moving text up and down in the window. -* Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving text sideways on the window. +* Textual Scrolling:: Moving text up and down through the window. +* Vertical Scrolling:: Moving the contents up and down on the window. +* Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving the contents sideways on the window. * Size of Window:: Accessing the size of a window. * Resizing Windows:: Changing the size of a window. +* Coordinates and Windows:: Converting coordinates to windows. * Window Configurations:: Saving and restoring the state of the screen. +* Window Hooks:: Hooks for scrolling, window size changes, + redisplay going past a certain point, + or window configuration changes. Frames @@ -704,6 +792,7 @@ * Pointer Shapes:: Specifying the shape of the mouse pointer. * Window System Selections::Transferring text to and from other windows. * Color Names:: Getting the definitions of color names. +* Text Terminal Colors:: Defining colors for text-only terminals. * Resources:: Getting resource values from the server. * Display Feature Testing:: Determining the features of a terminal. @@ -729,8 +818,10 @@ * Overview of Markers:: The components of a marker, and how it relocates. * Predicates on Markers:: Testing whether an object is a marker. * Creating Markers:: Making empty markers or markers at certain places. -* Information from Markers:: Finding the marker's buffer or character - position. +* Information from Markers::Finding the marker's buffer or character + position. +* Marker Insertion Types:: Two ways a marker can relocate when you + insert where it points. * Moving Markers:: Moving the marker to a new buffer or position. * The Mark:: How ``the mark'' is implemented with a marker. * The Region:: How to access ``the region''. @@ -739,6 +830,7 @@ * Near Point:: Examining text in the vicinity of point. * Buffer Contents:: Examining text in a general fashion. +* Comparing Text:: Comparing substrings of buffers. * Insertion:: Adding new text to a buffer. * Commands for Insertion:: User-level commands to insert text. * Deletion:: Removing text from a buffer. @@ -746,21 +838,25 @@ * The Kill Ring:: Where removed text sometimes is saved for later use. * Undo:: Undoing changes to the text of a buffer. -* Auto Filling:: How auto-fill mode is implemented to break lines. +* Maintaining Undo:: How to enable and disable undo information. + How to control how much information is kept. * Filling:: Functions for explicit filling. * Margins:: How to specify margins for filling commands. +* Adaptive Fill:: Adaptive Fill mode chooses a fill prefix + from context. +* Auto Filling:: How auto-fill mode is implemented to break lines. * Sorting:: Functions for sorting parts of the buffer. +* Columns:: Computing horizontal positions, and using them. * Indentation:: Functions to insert or adjust indentation. -* Columns:: Computing horizontal positions, and using them. * Case Changes:: Case conversion of parts of the buffer. * Text Properties:: Assigning Lisp property lists to text characters. * Substitution:: Replacing a given character wherever it appears. * Transposition:: Swapping two portions of a buffer. * Registers:: How registers are implemented. Accessing the text or position stored in a register. -* Atomic Changes:: Installing several buffer changes ``atomically''. * Base 64:: Conversion to or from base 64 encoding. * MD5 Checksum:: Compute the MD5 ``message digest''/``checksum''. +* Atomic Changes:: Installing several buffer changes ``atomically''. * Change Hooks:: Supplying functions to be run when text is changed. The Kill Ring @@ -796,6 +892,7 @@ only when text is examined. * Clickable Text:: Using text properties to make regions of text do something when you click on them. +* Links and Mouse-1:: How to make @key{Mouse-1} follow a link. * Fields:: The @code{field} property defines fields within the buffer. * Not Intervals:: Why text properties do not use @@ -824,25 +921,31 @@ * String Search:: Search for an exact match. * Regular Expressions:: Describing classes of strings. * Regexp Search:: Searching for a match for a regexp. +* POSIX Regexps:: Searching POSIX-style for the longest match. +* Search and Replace:: Internals of @code{query-replace}. * Match Data:: Finding out which part of the text matched various parts of a regexp, after regexp search. -* Saving Match Data:: Saving and restoring this information. +* Searching and Case:: Case-independent or case-significant searching. * Standard Regexps:: Useful regexps for finding sentences, pages,... -* Searching and Case:: Case-independent or case-significant searching. Regular Expressions * Syntax of Regexps:: Rules for writing regular expressions. * Regexp Example:: Illustrates regular expression syntax. +* Regexp Functions:: Functions for operating on regular expressions. Syntax Tables +* Syntax Basics:: Basic concepts of syntax tables. * Syntax Descriptors:: How characters are classified. * Syntax Table Functions:: How to create, examine and alter syntax tables. +* Syntax Properties:: Overriding syntax with text properties. +* Motion and Syntax:: Moving over characters with certain syntaxes. * Parsing Expressions:: Parsing balanced expressions using the syntax table. * Standard Syntax Tables:: Syntax tables used by various major modes. * Syntax Table Internals:: How syntax table information is stored. +* Categories:: Another way of classifying character syntax. Syntax Descriptors @@ -852,15 +955,16 @@ Abbrevs And Abbrev Expansion * Abbrev Mode:: Setting up Emacs for abbreviation. -* Tables: Abbrev Tables. Creating and working with abbrev tables. +* Abbrev Tables:: Creating and working with abbrev tables. * Defining Abbrevs:: Specifying abbreviations and their expansions. -* Files: Abbrev Files. Saving abbrevs in files. -* Expansion: Abbrev Expansion. Controlling expansion; expansion subroutines. +* Abbrev Files:: Saving abbrevs in files. +* Abbrev Expansion:: Controlling expansion; expansion subroutines. * Standard Abbrev Tables:: Abbrev tables used by various major modes. Processes * Subprocess Creation:: Functions that start subprocesses. +* Shell Arguments:: Quoting an argument to pass it to a shell. * Synchronous Processes:: Details of using synchronous subprocesses. * Asynchronous Processes:: Starting up an asynchronous subprocess. * Deleting Processes:: Eliminating an asynchronous subprocess. @@ -870,7 +974,13 @@ an asynchronous subprocess. * Output from Processes:: Collecting output from an asynchronous subprocess. * Sentinels:: Sentinels run when process run-status changes. +* Query Before Exit:: Whether to query if exiting will kill a process. +* Transaction Queues:: Transaction-based communication with subprocesses. * Network:: Opening network connections. +* Network Servers:: Network servers let Emacs accept net connections. +* Datagrams:: UDP network connections. +* Low-Level Network:: Lower-level but more general function + to create connections and servers. Receiving Output from Processes @@ -879,14 +989,53 @@ * Decoding Output:: Filters can get unibyte or multibyte strings. * Accepting Output:: How to wait until process output arrives. +Emacs Display + +* Refresh Screen:: Clearing the screen and redrawing everything on it. +* Forcing Redisplay:: Forcing redisplay. +* Truncation:: Folding or wrapping long text lines. +* The Echo Area:: Where messages are displayed. +* Warnings:: Displaying warning messages for the user. +* Progress:: Informing user about progress of a long operation. +* Invisible Text:: Hiding part of the buffer text. +* Selective Display:: Hiding part of the buffer text. +* Temporary Displays:: Displays that go away automatically. +* Overlays:: Use overlays to highlight parts of the buffer. +* Width:: How wide a character or string is on the screen. +* Line Height:: Controlling the height of lines. +* Faces:: A face defines a graphics style + for text characters: font, colors, etc. +* Fringes:: Controlling window fringes. +* Scroll Bars:: Controlling vertical scroll bars. +* Pointer Shape:: Controlling the mouse pointer shape. +* Display Property:: Enabling special display features. +* Images:: Displaying images in Emacs buffers. +* Buttons:: Adding clickable buttons to Emacs buffers. +* Blinking:: How Emacs shows the matching open parenthesis. +* Inverse Video:: Specifying how the screen looks. +* Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying nonprinting chars. +* Display Tables:: How to specify other conventions. +* Beeping:: Audible signal to the user. +* Window Systems:: Which window system is being used. + Operating System Interface * Starting Up:: Customizing Emacs start-up processing. * Getting Out:: How exiting works (permanent or temporary). * System Environment:: Distinguish the name and kind of system. +* User Identification:: Finding the name and user id of the user. +* Time of Day:: Getting the current time. +* Time Conversion:: Converting a time from numeric form to a string, or + to calendrical data (or vice versa). +* Processor Run Time:: Getting the run time used by Emacs. +* Time Calculations:: Adding, subtracting, comparing times, etc. +* Timers:: Setting a timer to call a function at a certain time. * Terminal Input:: Recording terminal input for debugging. * Terminal Output:: Recording terminal output for debugging. +* Sound Output:: Playing sounds on the computer's speaker. +* X11 Keysyms:: Operating on key symbols for X Windows * Batch Mode:: Running Emacs without terminal interaction. +* Session Management:: Saving and restoring state with X Session Management. Starting Up Emacs @@ -901,36 +1050,22 @@ * Killing Emacs:: Exiting Emacs irreversibly. * Suspending Emacs:: Exiting Emacs reversibly. -Emacs Display +Tips and Conventions -* Refresh Screen:: Clearing the screen and redrawing everything on it. -* Truncation:: Folding or wrapping long text lines. -* The Echo Area:: Where messages are displayed. -* Warnings:: Displaying warning messages for the user. -* Selective Display:: Hiding part of the buffer text. -* Overlay Arrow:: Display of an arrow to indicate position. -* Temporary Displays:: Displays that go away automatically. -* Overlays:: Use overlays to highlight parts of the buffer. -* Width:: How wide a character or string is on the screen. -* Faces:: A face defines a graphics style - for text characters: font, colors, etc. -* Fringes:: Controlling window fringes. -* Display Property:: Enabling special display features. -* Images:: Displaying images in Emacs buffers. -* Blinking:: How Emacs shows the matching open parenthesis. -* Inverse Video:: Specifying how the screen looks. -* Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying nonprinting chars. -* Display Tables:: How to specify other conventions. -* Beeping:: Audible signal to the user. -* Window Systems:: Which window system is being used. +* Coding Conventions:: Conventions for clean and robust programs. +* Compilation Tips:: Making compiled code run fast. +* Documentation Tips:: Writing readable documentation strings. +* Comment Tips:: Conventions for writing comments. +* Library Headers:: Standard headers for library packages. GNU Emacs Internals * Building Emacs:: How to preload Lisp libraries into Emacs. * Pure Storage:: A kludge to make preloaded Lisp functions sharable. * Garbage Collection:: Reclaiming space for Lisp objects no longer used. +* Memory Usage:: Info about total size of Lisp objects made so far. +* Writing Emacs Primitives:: Writing C code for Emacs. * Object Internals:: Data formats of buffers, windows, processes. -* Writing Emacs Primitives:: Writing C code for Emacs. Object Internals