diff lispref/calendar.texi @ 6387:b06d5c68be5a

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+@c -*-texinfo-*-
+@c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
+@c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 
+@c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.
+@node Calendar, Tips, Display, Top
+@chapter Customizing the Calendar and Diary
+
+  There are many customizations that you can use to make the calendar and
+diary suit your personal tastes.
+
+@menu
+* Calendar Customizing::   Defaults you can set.
+* Holiday Customizing::    Defining your own holidays.
+* Date Display Format::    Changing the format.
+* Time Display Format::    Changing the format.
+* Daylight Savings::       Changing the default.
+* Diary Customizing::      Defaults you can set.
+* Hebrew/Islamic Entries:: How to obtain them.
+* Fancy Diary Display::    Enhancing the diary display, sorting entries.
+* Included Diary Files::   Sharing a common diary file.
+* Sexp Diary Entries::     Fancy things you can do.
+* Appt Customizing::	   Customizing appointment reminders.
+@end menu
+
+@node Calendar Customizing
+@section Customizing the Calendar
+@vindex view-diary-entries-initially
+
+  If you set the variable @code{view-diary-entries-initially} to
+@code{t}, calling up the calendar automatically displays the diary
+entries for the current date as well.  The diary dates appear only if
+the current date is visible.  If you add both of the following lines to
+your @file{.emacs} file:@refill
+
+@example
+(setq view-diary-entries-initially t)
+(calendar)
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+they display both the calendar and diary windows whenever you start Emacs.
+
+@vindex view-calendar-holidays-initially
+  Similarly, if you set the variable
+@code{view-calendar-holidays-initially} to @code{t}, entering the
+calendar automatically displays a list of holidays for the current three
+month period.  The holiday list appears in a separate window.@refill
+
+@vindex mark-diary-entries-in-calendar
+  You can set the variable @code{mark-diary-entries-in-calendar} to @code{t}
+in order to place a plus sign (@samp{+}) beside any dates with diary entries.
+Whenever the calendar window is displayed or redisplayed, the diary entries
+are automatically marked for holidays.
+
+@vindex mark-holidays-in-calendar
+  Similarly, setting the variable @code{mark-holidays-in-calendar} to
+@code{t} places an asterisk (@samp{*}) after all holiday dates visible
+in the calendar window.
+
+@vindex calendar-load-hook
+  There are many customizations that you can make with the hooks
+provided.  For example, the variable @code{calendar-load-hook}, whose
+default value is @code{nil}, is a normal hook run when the calendar
+package is first loaded (before actually starting to display the
+calendar).
+
+@vindex initial-calendar-window-hook
+  The variable @code{initial-calendar-window-hook}, whose default value
+is @code{nil}, is a normal hook run the first time the calendar window
+is displayed.  The function is invoked only when you first enter
+Calendar mode, not when you redisplay an existing Calendar window.  But
+if you leave the calendar with the @kbd{q} command and reenter it, the
+hook runs again.@refill
+
+@vindex today-visible-calendar-hook
+  The variable @code{today-visible-calendar-hook}, whose default value
+is @code{nil}, is a normal hook run after the calendar buffer has been
+prepared with the calendar when the current date is visible in the
+window.  One use of this hook is to replace today's date with asterisks;
+a function @code{calendar-star-date} is included for this purpose.  In
+your @file{.emacs} file, put:@refill
+
+@findex calendar-star-date
+@example
+(setq today-visible-calendar-hook 'calendar-star-date)
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+Another standard hook function adds asterisks around the current date.
+Here's how to use it:
+
+@findex calendar-mark-today
+@example
+(setq today-visible-calendar-hook 'calendar-mark-today)
+@end example
+
+@vindex today-invisible-calendar-hook
+@noindent
+  A corresponding variable, @code{today-invisible-calendar-hook}, whose
+default value is @code{nil}, is a normal hook run after the calendar
+buffer text has been prepared, if the current date is @emph{not} visible
+in the window.@refill
+
+@node Holiday Customizing
+@section Customizing the Holidays
+
+@vindex calendar-holidays
+@vindex christian-holidays
+@vindex hebrew-holidays
+@vindex islamic-holidays
+  Emacs knows about holidays defined by entries on one of several lists.
+You can customize theses lists of holidays to your own needs, adding
+holidays or deleting lists of holidays.  The lists of holidays that
+Emacs uses are for general holidays (@code{general-holidays}), local
+holidays (@code{local-holidays}), Christian holidays
+(@code{christian-holidays}), Hebrew (Jewish) holidays
+(@code{hebrew-holidays}), Islamic (Moslem) holidays
+(@code{islamic-holidays}), and other holidays (@code{other-holidays}).
+
+@vindex general-holidays
+  The general holidays are, by default, holidays common throughout the
+United States.  To eliminate these holidays, set @code{general-holidays}
+to @code{nil}.
+
+@vindex local-holidays
+  There are no default local holidays (but sites may supply some).  You
+can set the variable @code{local-holidays} to any list of holidays, as
+described below.
+
+@vindex all-christian-calendar-holidays
+@vindex all-hebrew-calendar-holidays
+@vindex all-islamic-calendar-holidays
+  By default, Emacs does not consider all the holidays of these
+religions, only those commonly found in secular calendars.  For a more
+extensive collection of religious holidays, you can set any (or all) of
+the variables @code{all-christian-calendar-holidays},
+@code{all-hebrew-calendar-holidays}, or
+@code{all-islamic-calendar-holidays} to @code{t}.  If you want to
+eliminate the religious holidays, set any or all of the corresponding
+variables @code{christian-holidays}, @code{hebrew-holidays}, and
+@code{islamic-holidays} to @code{nil}.@refill
+
+@vindex other-holidays
+  You can set the variable @code{other-holidays} to any list of
+holidays.  This list, normally empty, is intended for your use.
+
+@cindex holiday forms
+  Each of the lists (@code{general-holidays}, @code{local-holidays},
+@code{christian-holidays}, @code{hebrew-holidays},
+@code{islamic-holidays}, and @code{other-holidays}) is a list of
+@dfn{holiday forms}, each holiday form describing a holiday (or
+sometimes a list of holidays).  Holiday forms may have the following
+formats:
+
+@table @code
+@item (holiday-fixed @var{month} @var{day} @var{string})
+A fixed date on the Gregorian calendar.  @var{month} and @var{day} are
+numbers, @var{string} is the name of the holiday.
+
+@item (holiday-float @var{month} @var{dayname} @var{k} @var{string})
+The @var{k}th @var{dayname} in @var{month} on the Gregorian calendar
+(@var{dayname}=0 for Sunday, and so on); negative @var{k} means count back
+from the end of the month.  @var{string} is the name of the holiday.
+
+@item (holiday-hebrew @var{month} @var{day} @var{string})
+A fixed date on the Hebrew calendar.  @var{month} and @var{day} are
+numbers, @var{string} is the name of the holiday.
+
+@item (holiday-islamic @var{month} @var{day} @var{string})
+A fixed date on the Islamic calendar.  @var{month} and @var{day} are
+numbers, @var{string} is the name of the holiday.
+
+@item (holiday-julian @var{month} @var{day} @var{string})
+A fixed date on the Julian calendar.  @var{month} and @var{day} are
+numbers, @var{string} is the name of the holiday.
+
+@item (holiday-sexp @var{sexp} @var{string})
+@var{sexp} is a Lisp expression that should use the variable @code{year}
+to compute the date of a holiday, or @code{nil} if the holiday doesn't
+happen this year.  The value represents the date as a list of the form
+@code{(@var{month} @var{day} @var{year})}.  @var{string} is the name of
+the holiday.
+
+@item (if @var{boolean} @var{holiday-form} &optional @var{holiday-form})
+A choice between two holidays based on the value of @var{boolean}.
+
+@item (@var{function} &optional @var{args})
+Dates requiring special computation; @var{args}, if any, are passed in
+a list to the function @code{calendar-holiday-function-@var{function}}.
+@end table
+
+  For example, suppose you want to add Bastille Day, celebrated in
+France on July 14.  You can do this by adding the following line
+to your @file{.emacs} file:
+
+@smallexample
+(setq other-holidays '((holiday-fixed 7 14 "Bastille Day")))
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+The holiday form @code{(holiday-fixed 7 14 "Bastille Day")} specifies the
+fourteenth day of the seventh month (July).
+
+  Many holidays occur on a specific day of the week, at a specific time
+of month.  Here is a holiday form describing Hurricane Supplication Day,
+celebrated in the Virgin Islands on the fourth Monday in August:
+
+@smallexample
+(holiday-float 8 1 4 "Hurricane Supplication Day")
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+Here the 8 specifies August, the 1 specifies Monday (Sunday is 0,
+Tuesday is 2, and so on), and the 4 specifies the fourth occurrence in
+the month (1 specifies the first occurrence, 2 the second occurrence,
+@minus{}1 the last occurrence, @minus{}2 the second-to-last occurrence, and
+so on).
+
+  You can specify holidays that occur on fixed days of the Hebrew,
+Islamic, and Julian calendars too.  For example,
+
+@smallexample
+(setq other-holidays
+      '((holiday-hebrew 10 2 "Last day of Hanukkah")
+        (holiday-islamic 3 12 "Mohammed's Birthday")
+        (holiday-julian 4 2 "Jefferson's Birthday")))
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+adds the last day of Hanukkah (since the Hebrew months are numbered with
+1 starting from Nisan), the Islamic feast celebrating Mohammed's
+birthday (since the Islamic months are numbered from 1 starting with
+Muharram), and Thomas Jefferson's birthday, which is 2 April 1743 on the
+Julian calendar.
+
+  To include a holiday conditionally, use either the @samp{if} or the
+@samp{sexp} form.  For example, American presidential elections occur on
+the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November of years divisible
+by 4:
+
+@smallexample
+(holiday-sexp (if (= 0 (% year 4))
+                   (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
+                 (1+ (calendar-dayname-on-or-before
+                       1 (+ 6 (calendar-absolute-from-gregorian
+                                (list 11 1 year))))))
+              "US Presidential Election"))
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+or
+
+@smallexample
+(if (= 0 (% displayed-year 4))
+    (fixed 11
+           (extract-calendar-day
+             (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
+               (1+ (calendar-dayname-on-or-before
+                     1 (+ 6 (calendar-absolute-from-gregorian
+                              (list 11 1 displayed-year)))))))
+           "US Presidential Election"))
+@end smallexample
+
+  Some holidays just don't fit into any of these forms because special
+calculations are involved in their determination.  In such cases you
+must write a Lisp function to do the calculation.  To include
+eclipses of the sun, for example, add @code{(eclipses)} to
+@code{other-holidays} and write an Emacs Lisp function
+@code{eclipses} that returns a (possibly
+empty) list of the relevant Gregorian dates among the
+range visible in the calendar window, with descriptive strings, like
+this:
+
+@smallexample
+(((6 27 1991) "Lunar Eclipse") ((7 11 1991) "Solar Eclipse") ... )
+@end smallexample
+
+@node Date Display Format
+@section Date Display Format
+@vindex calendar-date-display-form
+
+  You can customize the manner of displaying dates in the diary,
+in mode lines, and in messages by setting
+@code{calendar-date-display-form}.  This variable is a list of
+expressions that can involve the variables @code{month}, @code{day}, and
+@code{year}, all numbers in string form, and @code{monthname} and
+@code{dayname}, both alphabetic strings.  In the American style, the
+default value of this list is as follows:
+
+@smallexample
+((if dayname (concat dayname ", ")) monthname " " day ", " year)
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+while in the European style this value is the default:
+
+@smallexample
+((if dayname (concat dayname ", ")) day " " monthname " " year)
+@end smallexample
+
+The ISO standard date representation is this:
+
+@smallexample
+(year "-" month "-" day)
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+This specifies a typical American format:
+
+@smallexample
+(month "/" day "/" (substring year -2))
+@end smallexample
+
+@node Time Display Format
+@section Time Display Format
+@vindex calendar-time-display-form
+
+  In the calendar, diary, and related buffers, Emacs displays times of
+day in the conventional American style with the hours from 1 through 12,
+minutes, and either @samp{am} or @samp{pm}.  If you prefer the
+``military'' (European) style of writing times---in which the hours go
+from 00 to 23---you can alter the variable
+@code{calendar-time-display-form}.  This variable is a list of
+expressions that can involve the variables @code{12-hours},
+@code{24-hours}, and @code{minutes}, all numbers in string form, and
+@code{am-pm} and @code{time-zone}, both alphabetic strings.  The default
+definition of @code{calendar-time-display-form} is as follows:
+
+@smallexample
+(12-hours ":" minutes am-pm
+          (if time-zone " (") time-zone (if time-zone ")"))
+@end smallexample
+
+  Setting @code{calendar-time-display-form} to
+
+@smallexample
+(24-hours ":" minutes
+          (if time-zone " (") time-zone (if time-zone ")"))
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+gives military-style times like @samp{21:07 (UT)} if time zone names are
+defined, and times like @samp{21:07} if they are not.
+
+@node Daylight Savings
+@section Daylight Savings Time
+@cindex daylight savings time
+
+  Emacs understands the difference between standard time and daylight
+savings time---the times given for sunrise, sunset, solstices,
+equinoxes, and the phases of the moon take that into account.  The rules
+for daylight savings time vary from place to place and have also varied
+historically from year to year.  To do the job properly, Emacs needs to
+know which rules to use.
+
+  Some operating systems keep track of the rules that apply to the place
+where you are; on these systems, Emacs gets the information it needs
+from the system automatically.  If some or all of this information is
+missing, Emacs fills in the gaps with the rules currently used in
+Cambridge, Massachusetts.  If the default choice of rules is not
+appropriate for your location, you can tell Emacs the rules to use by
+setting certain variables.
+
+@vindex calendar-daylight-savings-starts
+@vindex calendar-daylight-savings-ends
+  These variables are @code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts} together
+with @code{calendar-daylight-savings-ends}.  Their values should be Lisp
+expressions that refer to the variable @code{year}, and evaluate to the
+Gregorian date on which daylight savings time starts or (respectively)
+ends, in the form of a list @code{(@var{month} @var{day} @var{year})}.
+The values should be @code{nil} if your area does not use daylight
+savings time.
+
+  Emacs uses these expressions to determine the starting date of
+daylight savings time for the holiday list and for correcting times of
+day in the solar and lunar calculations.
+
+  The values for Cambridge, Massachusetts are as follows:
+
+@example
+@group
+(calendar-nth-named-day 1 0 4 year)
+(calendar-nth-named-day -1 0 10 year)
+@end group
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+i.e., the first 0th day (Sunday) of the fourth month (April) in
+the year specified by @code{year}, and the last Sunday of the tenth month
+(October) of that year.  If daylight savings time were
+changed to start on October 1, you would set
+@code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts} to this:
+
+@example
+(list 10 1 year)
+@end example
+
+  For a more complex example, suppose daylight savings time begins on
+the first of Nisan on the Hebrew calendar.  You would set
+@code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts} as follows:
+
+@example
+(calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
+  (calendar-absolute-from-hebrew
+    (list 1 1 (+ year 3760))))
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+because Nisan is the first month in the Hebrew calendar and the Hebrew
+year differs from the Gregorian year by 3760 at Nisan.
+
+  If there is no daylight savings time at your location, or if you want
+all times in standard time, set @code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts}
+and @code{calendar-daylight-savings-ends} to @code{nil}.
+
+@vindex calendar-daylight-time-offset
+  This variable specifies the difference between daylight savings time and
+standard time, measured in minutes.  The value for Cambridge is 60.
+
+@vindex calendar-daylight-savings-starts-time
+@vindex calendar-daylight-savings-ends-time
+  These variables specify is the number of minutes after midnight local time
+when the transition to and from daylight savings time should occur.  For
+Cambridge, both variables' values are 120.
+
+@node Diary Customizing
+@section Customizing the Diary
+
+@vindex holidays-in-diary-buffer
+  Ordinarily, the mode line of the diary buffer window indicates any
+holidays that fall on the date of the diary entries.  The process of
+checking for holidays can take several seconds, so including holiday
+information delays the display of the diary buffer noticeably.  If you'd
+prefer to have a faster display of the diary buffer but without the
+holiday information, set the variable @code{holidays-in-diary-buffer} to
+@code{nil}.@refill
+
+@vindex number-of-diary-entries
+  The variable @code{number-of-diary-entries} controls the number of
+days of diary entries to be displayed at one time.  It affects the
+initial display when @code{view-diary-entries-initially} is @code{t}, as
+well as the command @kbd{M-x diary}.  For example, the default value is
+1, which says to display only the current day's diary entries.  If the
+value is 2, both the current day's and the next day's entries are
+displayed.  The value can also be a vector of seven elements: if the
+value is @code{[0 2 2 2 2 4 1]} then no diary entries appear on Sunday,
+the current date's and the next day's diary entries appear Monday
+through Thursday, Friday through Monday's entries appear on Friday,
+while on Saturday only that day's entries appear.
+
+@vindex print-diary-entries-hook
+@findex print-diary-entries
+  The variable @code{print-diary-entries-hook} is a normal hook run
+after preparation of a temporary buffer containing just the diary
+entries currently visible in the diary buffer.  (The other, irrelevant
+diary entries are really absent from the temporary buffer; in the diary
+buffer, they are merely hidden.)  The default value of this hook does
+the printing with the command @code{lpr-buffer}.  If you want to use a
+different command to do the printing, just change the value of this
+hook.  Other uses might include, for example, rearranging the lines into
+order by day and time.
+
+@vindex diary-date-forms
+  You can customize the form of dates in your diary file, if neither the
+standard American nor European styles suits your needs, by setting the
+variable @code{diary-date-forms}.  This variable is a list of forms of
+dates recognized in the diary file.  Each form is a list of regular
+expressions (@pxref{Regular Expressions}) and the variables
+@code{month}, @code{day}, @code{year}, @code{monthname}, and
+@code{dayname}.  The variable @code{monthname} matches the name of the
+month, capitalized or not, or its three-letter abbreviation, followed by
+a period or not; it matches @samp{*}.  Similarly, @code{dayname} matches
+the name of the day, capitalized or not, or its three-letter
+abbreviation, followed by a period or not.  The variables @code{month},
+@code{day}, and @code{year} match those numerical values, preceded by
+arbitrarily many zeros; they also match @samp{*}.  The default value of
+@code{diary-date-forms} in the American style is
+
+@example
+((month "/" day "[^/0-9]")
+ (month "/" day "/" year "[^0-9]")
+ (monthname " *" day "[^,0-9]")
+ (monthname " *" day ", *" year "[^0-9]")
+ (dayname "\\W"))
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+Emacs matches of the diary entries with the date forms is done with the
+standard syntax table from Fundamental mode (@pxref{Syntax Tables}), but
+with the @samp{*} changed so that it is a word constituent.
+
+  The forms on the list must be @emph{mutually exclusive} and must not
+match any portion of the diary entry itself, just the date.  If, to be
+mutually exclusive, the pattern must match a portion of the diary entry
+itself, the first element of the form @emph{must} be @code{backup}.
+This causes the date recognizer to back up to the beginning of the
+current word of the diary entry.  Even if you use @code{backup}, the
+form must absolutely not match more than a portion of the first word of
+the diary entry.  The default value of @code{diary-date-forms} in the
+European style is this list:
+
+@example
+((day "/" month "[^/0-9]")
+ (day "/" month "/" year "[^0-9]")
+ (backup day " *" monthname "\\W+\\<[^*0-9]")
+ (day " *" monthname " *" year "[^0-9]")
+ (dayname "\\W"))
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+Notice the use of @code{backup} in the middle form because part of the
+diary entry must be matched to distinguish this form from the following one.
+
+@node Hebrew/Islamic Entries
+@section Hebrew- and Islamic-Date Diary Entries
+
+  Your diary file can have entries based on Hebrew or Islamic dates, as
+well as entries based on our usual Gregorian calendar.  However, because
+the processing of such entries is time-consuming and most people don't
+need them, you must customize the processing of your diary file to
+specify that you want such entries recognized.  If you want Hebrew-date
+diary entries, for example, you must include these lines in your
+@file{.emacs} file:
+
+@vindex nongregorian-diary-listing-hook
+@vindex nongregorian-diary-marking-hook
+@findex list-hebrew-diary-entries
+@findex mark-hebrew-diary-entries
+@smallexample
+(setq nongregorian-diary-listing-hook 'list-hebrew-diary-entries)
+(setq nongregorian-diary-marking-hook 'mark-hebrew-diary-entries)
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+If you want Islamic-date entries, include these lines in your
+@file{.emacs} file:
+
+@findex list-islamic-diary-entries
+@findex mark-islamic-diary-entries
+@smallexample
+(setq nongregorian-diary-listing-hook 'list-islamic-diary-entries)
+(setq nongregorian-diary-marking-hook 'mark-islamic-diary-entries)
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+If you want both Hebrew- and Islamic-date entries, include these lines:
+
+@smallexample
+(setq nongregorian-diary-listing-hook
+      '(list-hebrew-diary-entries list-islamic-diary-entries))
+(setq nongregorian-diary-marking-hook
+      '(mark-hebrew-diary-entries mark-islamic-diary-entries))
+@end smallexample
+
+  Hebrew- and Islamic-date diary entries have the same formats as
+Gregorian-date diary entries, except that the date must be preceded with
+an @samp{H} for Hebrew dates and an @samp{I} for Islamic dates.
+Moreover, because the Hebrew and Islamic month names are not uniquely
+specified by the first three letters, you may not abbreviate them.  For
+example, a diary entry for the Hebrew date Heshvan 25 could look like
+
+@smallexample
+HHeshvan 25 Happy Hebrew birthday!
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+and would appear in the diary for any date that corresponds to Heshvan 25
+on the Hebrew calendar.  Similarly, an Islamic-date diary entry might be
+
+@smallexample
+IDhu al-Qada 25 Happy Islamic birthday!
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+and would appear in the diary for any date that corresponds to Dhu al-Qada 25
+on the Islamic calendar.
+
+  As with Gregorian-date diary entries, Hebrew- and Islamic-date entries
+are nonmarking if they are preceded with an ampersand (@samp{&}).
+
+  There are commands to help you in making Hebrew- and Islamic-date
+entries to your diary:
+
+@table @kbd
+@item i h d
+Add a diary entry for the Hebrew date corresponding to the selected date
+(@code{insert-hebrew-diary-entry}).
+@item i h m
+Add a diary entry for the day of the Hebrew month corresponding to the
+selected date (@code{insert-monthly-hebrew-diary-entry}).
+@item i h y
+Add a diary entry for the day of the Hebrew year corresponding to the
+selected date (@code{insert-yearly-hebrew-diary-entry}).
+@item i i d
+Add a diary entry for the Islamic date corresponding to the selected date
+(@code{insert-islamic-diary-entry}).
+@item i i m
+Add a diary entry for the day of the Islamic month corresponding to the
+selected date (@code{insert-monthly-islamic-diary-entry}).
+@item i i y
+Add a diary entry for the day of the Islamic year corresponding to the
+selected date (@code{insert-yearly-islamic-diary-entry}).
+@end table
+
+@findex insert-hebrew-diary-entry
+@findex insert-monthly-hebrew-diary-entry
+@findex insert-yearly-hebrew-diary-entry
+@findex insert-islamic-diary-entry
+@findex insert-monthly-islamic-diary-entry
+@findex insert-yearly-islamic-diary-entry
+  These commands work exactly like the corresponding commands for ordinary
+diary entries: Move point to a date in the calendar window and the above
+commands insert the Hebrew or Islamic date (corresponding to the date
+indicated by point) at the end of your diary file and you can then type the
+diary entry.  If you want the diary entry to be nonmarking, give a numeric
+argument to the command.
+
+@node Fancy Diary Display
+@section Fancy Diary Display
+@vindex diary-display-hook
+@findex simple-diary-display
+
+  Diary display works by preparing the diary buffer and then running the
+hook @code{diary-display-hook}.  The default value of this hook hides
+the irrelevant diary entries and then displays the buffer
+(@code{simple-diary-display}).  However, if you specify the hook as
+follows,
+
+@cindex diary buffer
+@findex fancy-diary-display
+@example
+(add-hook 'diary-display-hook 'fancy-diary-display)
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+then fancy mode displays diary entries and holidays by copying them into
+a special buffer that exists only for display.  Copying provides an
+opportunity to change the displayed text to make it prettier---for
+example, to sort the entries by the dates they apply to.
+
+  As with simple diary display, you can print a hard copy of the buffer
+with @code{print-diary-entries}.  To print a hard copy of a day-by-day
+diary for a week by positioning point on Sunday of that week, type
+@kbd{7 d} and then do @kbd{M-x print-diary-entries}.  As usual, the
+inclusion of the holidays slows down the display slightly; you can speed
+things up by setting the variable @code{holidays-in-diary-buffer} to
+@code{nil}.
+
+@vindex diary-list-include-blanks
+  Ordinarily, the fancy diary buffer does not show days for which there are
+no diary entries, even if that day is a holiday.  If you want such days to be
+shown in the fancy diary buffer, set the variable
+@code{diary-list-include-blanks} to @code{t}.@refill
+
+@cindex sorting diary entries
+  If you use the fancy diary display, you can use the normal hook
+@code{list-diary-entries-hook} to sort each day's diary entries by their
+time of day.  Add this line to your @file{.emacs} file:
+
+@findex sort-diary-entries
+@example
+(add-hook 'list-diary-entries-hook 'sort-diary-entries)
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+For each day, this sorts diary entries that begin with a recognizable
+time of day according to their times.  Diary entries without times come
+first within each day.
+
+@node Included Diary Files
+@section Included Diary Files
+
+  If you use the fancy diary display, you can have diary entries from other
+files included with your own by an ``include'' mechanism.  This facility makes
+possible the sharing of common diary files among groups of users.  Lines in
+the diary file of this form:
+
+@smallexample
+#include "@var{filename}"
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+includes the diary entries from the file @var{filename} in the fancy
+diary buffer (because the ordinary diary buffer is just the buffer
+associated with your diary file, you cannot use the include mechanism
+unless you use the fancy diary buffer).  The include mechanism is
+recursive, by the way, so that included files can include other files,
+and so on; you must be careful not to have a cycle of inclusions, of
+course.  To enable the include facility, add lines as follows to your
+@file{.emacs} file:
+
+@vindex list-diary-entries-hook
+@vindex mark-diary-entries-hook
+@findex include-other-diary-files
+@findex mark-included-diary-files
+@smallexample
+(add-hook 'list-diary-entries-hook 'include-other-diary-files)
+(add-hook 'mark-diary-entries-hook 'mark-included-diary-files)
+@end smallexample
+
+@node Sexp Diary Entries
+@section Sexp Entries and the Fancy Diary Display
+@cindex sexp diary entries
+
+  Sexp diary entries allow you to do more than just have complicated
+conditions under which a diary entry applies.  If you use the fancy
+diary display, sexp entries can generate the text of the entry depending
+on the date itself.  For example, an anniversary diary entry can insert
+the number of years since the anniversary date into the text of the
+diary entry.  Thus the @samp{%d} in this dairy entry:
+
+@findex diary-anniversary
+@smallexample
+%%(diary-anniversary 10 31 1948) Arthur's birthday (%d years old)
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+gets replaced by the age, so on October 31, 1990 the entry appears in
+the fancy diary buffer like this:
+
+@smallexample
+Arthur's birthday (42 years old)
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+If the diary file instead contains this entry:
+
+@smallexample
+%%(diary-anniversary 10 31 1948) Arthur's %d%s birthday
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+the entry in the fancy diary buffer for October 31, 1990 appears like this:
+
+@smallexample
+Arthur's 42nd birthday
+@end smallexample
+
+  Similarly, cyclic diary entries can interpolate the number of repetitions
+that have occurred:
+
+@findex diary-cyclic
+@smallexample
+%%(diary-cyclic 50 1 1 1990) Renew medication (%d%s time)
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+looks like this:
+
+@smallexample
+Renew medication (5th time)
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+in the fancy diary display on September 8, 1990.
+
+  The generality of sexp diary entries lets you specify any diary entry
+that you can describe algorithmically.  Suppose you get paid on the 21st
+of the month if it is a weekday, and to the Friday before if the 21st is
+on a weekend.  The diary entry
+
+@smallexample
+&%%(let ((dayname (calendar-day-of-week date))
+         (day (car (cdr date))))
+      (or (and (= day 21) (memq dayname '(1 2 3 4 5)))
+          (and (memq day '(19 20)) (= dayname 5)))
+         ) Pay check deposited
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+applies to just those dates.  This example illustrates how the sexp can
+depend on the variable @code{date}; this variable is a list (@var{month}
+@var{day} @var{year}) that gives the Gregorian date for which the diary
+entries are being found.  If the value of the expression is @code{t},
+the entry applies to that date.  If the expression evaluates to
+@code{nil}, the entry does @emph{not} apply to that date.
+
+  The following sexp diary entries take advantage of the ability (in the fancy
+diary display) to concoct diary entries based on the date:
+
+@findex diary-sunrise-sunset
+@findex diary-phases-of-moon
+@findex diary-day-of-year
+@findex diary-iso-date
+@findex diary-julian-date
+@findex diary-astro-day-number
+@findex diary-hebrew-date
+@findex diary-islamic-date
+@findex diary-french-date
+@findex diary-mayan-date
+@table @code
+@item %%(diary-sunrise-sunset)
+Make a diary entry for the local times of today's sunrise and sunset.
+@item %%(diary-phases-of-moon)
+Make a diary entry for the phases (quarters) of the moon.
+@item %%(diary-day-of-year)
+Make a diary entry with today's day number in the current year and the number
+of days remaining in the current year.
+@item %%(diary-iso-date)
+Make a diary entry with today's equivalent ISO commercial date.
+@item %%(diary-julian-date)
+Make a diary entry with today's equivalent date on the Julian calendar.
+@item %%(diary-astro-day-number)
+Make a diary entry with today's equivalent astronomical (Julian) day number.
+@item %%(diary-hebrew-date)
+Make a diary entry with today's equivalent date on the Hebrew calendar.
+@item %%(diary-islamic-date)
+Make a diary entry with today's equivalent date on the Islamic calendar.
+@item %%(diary-french-date)
+Make a diary entry with today's equivalent date on the French Revolutionary
+calendar.
+@item %%(diary-mayan-date)
+Make a diary entry with today's equivalent date on the Mayan calendar.
+@end table
+
+@noindent
+Thus including the diary entry
+
+@smallexample
+&%%(diary-hebrew-date)
+@end smallexample
+
+@noindent
+causes every day's diary display to contain the equivalent date on the
+Hebrew calendar, if you are using the fancy diary display.  (With simple
+diary display, the line @samp{&%%(diary-hebrew-date)} appears in the
+diary for any date, but does nothing particularly useful.)
+
+  There are a number of other available sexp diary entries that are important
+to those who follow the Hebrew calendar:
+
+@cindex rosh hodesh
+@findex diary-rosh-hodesh
+@cindex parasha, weekly
+@findex diary-parasha
+@cindex candle lighting times
+@findex diary-sabbath-candles
+@cindex omer count
+@findex diary-omer
+@cindex yahrzeits
+@findex diary-yahrzeit
+@table @code
+@item %%(diary-rosh-hodesh)
+Make a diary entry that tells the occurrence and ritual announcement of each
+new Hebrew month.
+@item %%(diary-parasha)
+Make a Saturday diary entry that tells the weekly synagogue scripture reading.
+@item %%(diary-sabbath-candles)
+Make a Friday diary entry that tells the @emph{local time} of Sabbath
+candle lighting.
+@item %%(diary-omer)
+Make a diary entry that gives the omer count, when appropriate.
+@item %%(diary-yahrzeit @var{month} @var{day} @var{year}) @var{name}
+Make a diary entry marking the anniversary of a date of death.  The date
+is the @emph{Gregorian} (civil) date of death.  The diary entry appears
+on the proper Hebrew calendar anniversary and on the day before.  (In
+the European style, the order of the parameters is changed to @var{day},
+@var{month}, @var{year}.)
+@end table
+
+@node Appt Customizing
+@section Customizing Appointment Reminders
+
+  You can specify exactly how Emacs reminds you of an appointment and
+how far in advance it begins doing so.  Here are the variables that you
+can set:
+
+@vindex appt-message-warning-time
+@vindex appt-audible
+@vindex appt-visible
+@vindex appt-display-mode-line
+@vindex appt-msg-window
+@vindex appt-display-duration
+@table @code
+@item appt-message-warning-time
+The time in minutes before an appointment that the reminder begins.  The
+default is 10 minutes.
+@item appt-audible
+If this is @code{t} (the default), Emacs rings the terminal bell for
+appointment reminders.
+@item appt-visible
+If this is @code{t} (the default), Emacs displays the appointment
+message in echo area.
+@item appt-display-mode-line
+If this is @code{t} (the default), Emacs displays the number of minutes
+to the appointment on the mode line.
+@item appt-msg-window
+If this is @code{t} (the default), Emacs displays the appointment
+message in another window.
+@item appt-display-duration
+The number of seconds an appointment message is displayed.  The default
+is 5 seconds.
+@end table