diff lisp/simple.el @ 475:fb215f87f4a9

Initial revision
author Jim Blandy <jimb@redhat.com>
date Sat, 21 Dec 1991 09:29:41 +0000
parents
children 12facf6e03ed
line wrap: on
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--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/lisp/simple.el	Sat Dec 21 09:29:41 1991 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,1667 @@
+;; Basic editing commands for Emacs
+;; Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
+
+;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option)
+;; any later version.
+
+;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+;; GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
+;; the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+
+
+(defun open-line (arg)
+  "Insert a newline and leave point before it.  If there is a fill
+prefix, inserts the fill prefix after the newline that it inserts.
+With arg, inserts that many newlines."
+  (interactive "*p")
+  (let ((flag (and (bolp) (not (bobp)))))
+    (if flag (forward-char -1))
+    (while (> arg 0)
+      (save-excursion
+        (insert ?\n)
+	(if fill-prefix (insert fill-prefix)))
+      (setq arg (1- arg)))
+    (if flag (forward-char 1))))
+
+(defun split-line ()
+  "Split current line, moving portion beyond point vertically down."
+  (interactive "*")
+  (skip-chars-forward " \t")
+  (let ((col (current-column))
+	(pos (point)))
+    (insert ?\n)
+    (indent-to col 0)
+    (goto-char pos)))
+
+(defun quoted-insert (arg)
+  "Read next input character and insert it.
+Useful for inserting control characters.
+You may also type up to 3 octal digits, to insert a character with that code"
+  (interactive "*p")
+  (let ((char (read-quoted-char)))
+    (while (> arg 0)
+      (insert char)
+      (setq arg (1- arg)))))
+
+(defun delete-indentation (&optional arg)
+  "Join this line to previous and fix up whitespace at join.
+With argument, join this line to following line."
+  (interactive "*P")
+  (beginning-of-line)
+  (if arg (forward-line 1))
+  (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\n)
+      (progn
+	(delete-region (point) (1- (point)))
+	(fixup-whitespace))))
+
+(defun fixup-whitespace ()
+  "Fixup white space between objects around point.
+Leave one space or none, according to the context."
+  (interactive "*")
+  (save-excursion
+    (delete-horizontal-space)
+    (if (or (looking-at "^\\|\\s)")
+	    (save-excursion (forward-char -1)
+			    (looking-at "$\\|\\s(\\|\\s'")))
+	nil
+      (insert ?\ ))))
+
+(defun delete-horizontal-space ()
+  "Delete all spaces and tabs around point."
+  (interactive "*")
+  (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+  (delete-region (point) (progn (skip-chars-forward " \t") (point))))
+
+(defun just-one-space ()
+  "Delete all spaces and tabs around point, leaving one space."
+  (interactive "*")
+  (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+  (if (= (following-char) ? )
+      (forward-char 1)
+    (insert ? ))
+  (delete-region (point) (progn (skip-chars-forward " \t") (point))))
+
+(defun delete-blank-lines ()
+  "On blank line, delete all surrounding blank lines, leaving just one.
+On isolated blank line, delete that one.
+On nonblank line, delete all blank lines that follow it."
+  (interactive "*")
+  (let (thisblank singleblank)
+    (save-excursion
+      (beginning-of-line)
+      (setq thisblank (looking-at "[ \t]*$"))
+      (setq singleblank
+	    (and thisblank
+		 (not (looking-at "[ \t]*\n[ \t]*$"))
+		 (or (bobp)
+		     (progn (forward-line -1)
+			    (not (looking-at "[ \t]*$")))))))
+    (if thisblank
+	(progn
+	  (beginning-of-line)
+	  (if singleblank (forward-line 1))
+	  (delete-region (point)
+			 (if (re-search-backward "[^ \t\n]" nil t)
+			     (progn (forward-line 1) (point))
+			   (point-min)))))
+    (if (not (and thisblank singleblank))
+	(save-excursion
+	  (end-of-line)
+	  (forward-line 1)
+	  (delete-region (point)
+			 (if (re-search-forward "[^ \t\n]" nil t)
+			     (progn (beginning-of-line) (point))
+			   (point-max)))))))
+
+(defun back-to-indentation ()
+  "Move point to the first non-whitespace character on this line."
+  (interactive)
+  (beginning-of-line 1)
+  (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
+
+(defun newline-and-indent ()
+  "Insert a newline, then indent according to major mode.
+Indentation is done using the current indent-line-function.
+In programming language modes, this is the same as TAB.
+In some text modes, where TAB inserts a tab, this indents to the
+specified left-margin column."
+  (interactive "*")
+  (delete-region (point) (progn (skip-chars-backward " \t") (point)))
+  (insert ?\n)
+  (indent-according-to-mode))
+
+(defun reindent-then-newline-and-indent ()
+  "Reindent current line, insert newline, then indent the new line.
+Indentation of both lines is done according to the current major mode,
+which means that the current value of indent-line-function is called.
+In programming language modes, this is the same as TAB.
+In some text modes, where TAB inserts a tab, this indents to the
+specified left-margin column."
+  (interactive "*")
+  (save-excursion
+    (delete-region (point) (progn (skip-chars-backward " \t") (point)))
+    (indent-according-to-mode))
+  (insert ?\n)
+  (indent-according-to-mode))
+
+;; Internal subroutine of delete-char
+(defun kill-forward-chars (arg)
+  (if (listp arg) (setq arg (car arg)))
+  (if (eq arg '-) (setq arg -1))
+  (kill-region (point) (+ (point) arg)))
+
+;; Internal subroutine of backward-delete-char
+(defun kill-backward-chars (arg)
+  (if (listp arg) (setq arg (car arg)))
+  (if (eq arg '-) (setq arg -1))
+  (kill-region (point) (- (point) arg)))
+
+(defun backward-delete-char-untabify (arg &optional killp)
+  "Delete characters backward, changing tabs into spaces.
+Delete ARG chars, and kill (save in kill ring) if KILLP is non-nil.
+Interactively, ARG is the prefix arg (default 1)
+and KILLP is t if prefix arg is was specified."
+  (interactive "*p\nP")
+  (let ((count arg))
+    (save-excursion
+      (while (and (> count 0) (not (bobp)))
+	(if (= (preceding-char) ?\t)
+	    (let ((col (current-column)))
+	      (forward-char -1)
+	      (setq col (- col (current-column)))
+	      (insert-char ?\ col)
+	      (delete-char 1)))
+	(forward-char -1)
+	(setq count (1- count)))))
+  (delete-backward-char arg killp)
+  ;; In overwrite mode, back over columns while clearing them out,
+  ;; unless at end of line.
+  (and overwrite-mode (not (eolp))
+       (save-excursion (insert-char ?\  arg))))
+
+(defun zap-to-char (arg char)
+  "Kill up to and including ARG'th occurrence of CHAR.
+Goes backward if ARG is negative; error if CHAR not found."
+  (interactive "p\ncZap to char: ")
+  (kill-region (point) (progn
+			 (search-forward (char-to-string char) nil nil arg)
+;			 (goto-char (if (> arg 0) (1- (point)) (1+ (point))))
+			 (point))))
+
+(defun beginning-of-buffer (&optional arg)
+  "Move point to the beginning of the buffer; leave mark at previous position.
+With arg N, put point N/10 of the way from the true beginning.
+Don't use this in Lisp programs!
+\(goto-char (point-min)) is faster and avoids clobbering the mark."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (push-mark)
+  (goto-char (if arg
+		 (if (> (buffer-size) 10000)
+		     ;; Avoid overflow for large buffer sizes!
+		     (* (prefix-numeric-value arg)
+			(/ (buffer-size) 10))
+		   (/ (+ 10 (* (buffer-size) (prefix-numeric-value arg))) 10))
+	       (point-min)))
+  (if arg (forward-line 1)))
+
+(defun end-of-buffer (&optional arg)
+  "Move point to the end of the buffer; leave mark at previous position.
+With arg N, put point N/10 of the way from the true end.
+Don't use this in Lisp programs!
+\(goto-char (point-max)) is faster and avoids clobbering the mark."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (push-mark)
+  (goto-char (if arg
+		 (- (1+ (buffer-size))
+		    (if (> (buffer-size) 10000)
+			;; Avoid overflow for large buffer sizes!
+			(* (prefix-numeric-value arg)
+			   (/ (buffer-size) 10))
+		      (/ (* (buffer-size) (prefix-numeric-value arg)) 10)))
+	       (point-max)))
+  (if arg (forward-line 1)
+    ;; Scroll to put point near bottom--show nearly maximum amount of text,
+    ;; but leave room to add something.
+    (recenter -3)))
+
+(defun mark-whole-buffer ()
+  "Put point at beginning and mark at end of buffer."
+  (interactive)
+  (push-mark (point))
+  (push-mark (point-max))
+  (goto-char (point-min)))
+
+(defun count-lines-region (start end)
+  "Print number of lines and charcters in the region."
+  (interactive "r")
+  (message "Region has %d lines, %d characters"
+	   (count-lines start end) (- end start)))
+
+(defun what-line ()
+  "Print the current line number (in the buffer) of point."
+  (interactive)
+  (save-restriction
+    (widen)
+    (save-excursion
+      (beginning-of-line)
+      (message "Line %d"
+	       (1+ (count-lines 1 (point)))))))
+
+(defun count-lines (start end)
+  "Return number of lines between START and END.
+This is usually the number of newlines between them,
+but will be one more if START is not equal to END
+and the greater of them is not at the start of a line."
+  (save-excursion
+    (save-restriction
+      (narrow-to-region start end)
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (if (eq selective-display t)
+	  (let ((done 0))
+	    (while (re-search-forward "[\n\C-m]" nil t 40)
+	      (setq done (+ 40 done)))
+	    (while (re-search-forward "[\n\C-m]" nil t 1)
+	      (setq done (+ 1 done)))
+	    done)
+	(- (buffer-size) (forward-line (buffer-size)))))))
+
+(defun what-cursor-position ()
+  "Print info on cursor position (on screen and within buffer)."
+  (interactive)
+  (let* ((char (following-char))
+	 (beg (point-min))
+	 (end (point-max))
+         (pos (point))
+	 (total (buffer-size))
+	 (percent (if (> total 50000)
+		      ;; Avoid overflow from multiplying by 100!
+		      (/ (+ (/ total 200) (1- pos)) (max (/ total 100) 1))
+		    (/ (+ (/ total 2) (* 100 (1- pos))) (max total 1))))
+	 (hscroll (if (= (window-hscroll) 0)
+		      ""
+		    (format " Hscroll=%d" (window-hscroll))))
+	 (col (current-column)))
+    (if (= pos end)
+	(if (or (/= beg 1) (/= end (1+ total)))
+	    (message "point=%d of %d(%d%%) <%d - %d>  column %d %s"
+		     pos total percent beg end col hscroll)
+	  (message "point=%d of %d(%d%%)  column %d %s"
+		   pos total percent col hscroll))
+      (if (or (/= beg 1) (/= end (1+ total)))
+	  (message "Char: %s (0%o)  point=%d of %d(%d%%) <%d - %d>  column %d %s"
+		   (single-key-description char) char pos total percent beg end col hscroll)
+	(message "Char: %s (0%o)  point=%d of %d(%d%%)  column %d %s"
+		 (single-key-description char) char pos total percent col hscroll)))))
+
+(defun fundamental-mode ()
+  "Major mode not specialized for anything in particular.
+Other major modes are defined by comparison with this one."
+  (interactive)
+  (kill-all-local-variables))
+
+(put 'eval-expression 'disabled t)
+
+;; We define this, rather than making  eval  interactive,
+;; for the sake of completion of names like eval-region, eval-current-buffer.
+(defun eval-expression (expression)
+  "Evaluate EXPRESSION and print value in minibuffer.
+Value is also consed on to front of variable  values  's value."
+  (interactive "xEval: ")
+  (setq values (cons (eval expression) values))
+  (prin1 (car values) t))
+
+(defun edit-and-eval-command (prompt command)
+  "Prompting with PROMPT, let user edit COMMAND and eval result.
+COMMAND is a Lisp expression.  Let user edit that expression in
+the minibuffer, then read and evaluate the result."
+  (let ((command (read-minibuffer prompt
+				  (prin1-to-string command))))
+    ;; Add edited command to command history, unless redundant.
+    (or (equal command (car command-history))
+	(setq command-history (cons command command-history)))
+    (eval command)))
+
+;; (defvar repeat-complex-command nil)
+
+(defvar repeat-complex-command-map (copy-keymap minibuffer-local-map))
+(define-key repeat-complex-command-map "\ep" 'previous-complex-command)
+(define-key repeat-complex-command-map "\en" 'next-complex-command)
+(defun repeat-complex-command (repeat-complex-command-arg)
+  "Edit and re-evaluate last complex command, or ARGth from last.
+A complex command is one which used the minibuffer.
+The command is placed in the minibuffer as a Lisp form for editing.
+The result is executed, repeating the command as changed.
+If the command has been changed or is not the most recent previous command
+it is added to the front of the command history.
+Whilst editing the command, the following commands are available:
+\\{repeat-complex-command-map}"
+  (interactive "p")
+  (let ((elt (nth (1- repeat-complex-command-arg) command-history))
+	(repeat-complex-command-flag t)
+	newcmd)
+    (if elt
+	(progn
+	  (setq newcmd (read-from-minibuffer "Redo: "
+					     (prin1-to-string elt)
+					     repeat-complex-command-map
+					     t))
+	  ;; If command to be redone does not match front of history,
+	  ;; add it to the history.
+	  (or (equal newcmd (car command-history))
+	      (setq command-history (cons newcmd command-history)))
+	  (eval newcmd))
+      (ding))))
+
+(defun next-complex-command (n)
+  "Inserts the next element of `command-history' into the minibuffer."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (let ((narg (min (max 1 (- repeat-complex-command-arg n))
+		   (length command-history))))
+    (if (= repeat-complex-command-arg narg)
+	(error (if (= repeat-complex-command-arg 1)
+		   "No following item in command history"
+		 "No preceding item in command history"))
+      (erase-buffer)
+      (setq repeat-complex-command-arg narg)
+      (insert (prin1-to-string (nth (1- repeat-complex-command-arg)
+				    command-history)))
+      (goto-char (point-min)))))
+
+(defun previous-complex-command (n)
+  "Inserts the previous element of `command-history' into the minibuffer."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (if repeat-complex-command-flag
+      (next-complex-command (- n))
+    (repeat-complex-command 1)))
+
+(defun goto-line (arg)
+  "Goto line ARG, counting from line 1 at beginning of buffer."
+  (interactive "NGoto line: ")
+  (save-restriction
+    (widen)
+    (goto-char 1)
+    (if (eq selective-display t)
+	(re-search-forward "[\n\C-m]" nil 'end (1- arg))
+      (forward-line (1- arg)))))
+
+;Put this on C-x u, so we can force that rather than C-_ into startup msg
+(fset 'advertised-undo 'undo)
+
+(defun undo (&optional arg)
+  "Undo some previous changes.
+Repeat this command to undo more changes.
+A numeric argument serves as a repeat count."
+  (interactive "*p")
+  (let ((modified (buffer-modified-p)))
+    (message "Undo!")
+    (or (eq last-command 'undo)
+	(progn (undo-start)
+	       (undo-more 1)))
+    (setq this-command 'undo)
+    (undo-more (or arg 1))
+    (and modified (not (buffer-modified-p))
+	 (delete-auto-save-file-if-necessary))))
+
+(defun undo-start ()
+  "Move pending-undo-list to front of undo records.
+The next call to undo-more will undo the most recently made change."
+  (if (eq buffer-undo-list t)
+      (error "No undo information in this buffer"))
+  (setq pending-undo-list buffer-undo-list))
+
+(defun undo-more (count)
+  "Undo back N undo-boundaries beyond what was already undone recently.
+Call undo-start to get ready to undo recent changes,
+then call undo-more one or more times to undo them."
+  (or pending-undo-list
+      (error "No further undo information"))
+  (setq pending-undo-list (primitive-undo count pending-undo-list)))
+
+(defvar last-shell-command "")
+(defvar last-shell-command-on-region "")
+
+(defun shell-command (command &optional flag)
+  "Execute string COMMAND in inferior shell; display output, if any.
+If COMMAND ends in ampersand, execute it asynchronously.
+ 
+Optional second arg non-nil (prefix arg, if interactive)
+means insert output in current buffer after point (leave mark after it).
+This cannot be done asynchronously."
+  (interactive (list (read-string "Shell command: " last-shell-command)
+		     current-prefix-arg))
+  (if flag
+      (progn (barf-if-buffer-read-only)
+	     (push-mark)
+	     ;; We do not use -f for csh; we will not support broken use of
+	     ;; .cshrcs.  Even the BSD csh manual says to use
+	     ;; "if ($?prompt) exit" before things which are not useful
+	     ;; non-interactively.  Besides, if someone wants their other
+	     ;; aliases for shell commands then they can still have them.
+	     (call-process shell-file-name nil t nil
+			   "-c" command)
+	     (exchange-point-and-mark))
+    ;; Preserve the match data in case called from a program.
+    (let ((data (match-data)))
+      (unwind-protect
+	  (if (string-match "[ \t]*&[ \t]*$" command)
+	      ;; Command ending with ampersand means asynchronous.
+	      (let ((buffer (get-buffer-create "*shell-command*")) 
+		    (directory default-directory)
+		    proc)
+		;; Remove the ampersand.
+		(setq command (substring command 0 (match-beginning 0)))
+		;; If will kill a process, query first.
+		(setq proc (get-buffer-process buffer))
+		(if proc
+		    (if (yes-or-no-p "A command is running.  Kill it? ")
+			(kill-process proc)
+		      (error "Shell command in progress")))
+		(save-excursion
+		  (set-buffer buffer)
+		  (erase-buffer)
+		  (display-buffer buffer)
+		  (setq default-directory directory)
+		  (setq proc (start-process "Shell" buffer 
+					    shell-file-name "-c" command))
+		  (setq mode-line-process '(": %s"))
+		  (set-process-sentinel proc 'shell-command-sentinel)
+		  (set-process-filter proc 'shell-command-filter)
+		  ))
+	    (shell-command-on-region (point) (point) command nil))
+	(store-match-data data)))))
+
+;; We have a sentinel to prevent insertion of a termination message
+;; in the buffer itself.
+(defun shell-command-sentinel (process signal)
+  (if (memq (process-status process) '(exit signal))
+      (progn
+	(message "%s: %s." 
+		 (car (cdr (cdr (process-command process))))
+		 (substring signal 0 -1))
+	(save-excursion
+	  (set-buffer (process-buffer process))
+	  (setq mode-line-process nil))
+	(delete-process process))))
+
+(defun shell-command-filter (proc string)
+  ;; Do save-excursion by hand so that we can leave point numerically unchanged
+  ;; despite an insertion immediately after it.
+  (let* ((obuf (current-buffer))
+	 (buffer (process-buffer proc))
+	 opoint
+	 (window (get-buffer-window buffer))
+	 (pos (window-start window)))
+    (unwind-protect
+	(progn
+	  (set-buffer buffer)
+	  (setq opoint (point))
+	  (goto-char (point-max))
+	  (insert-before-markers string))
+      ;; insert-before-markers moved this marker: set it back.
+      (set-window-start window pos)
+      ;; Finish our save-excursion.
+      (goto-char opoint)
+      (set-buffer obuf))))
+
+(defun shell-command-on-region (start end command &optional flag interactive)
+  "Execute string COMMAND in inferior shell with region as input.
+Normally display output (if any) in temp buffer `*Shell Command Output*';
+Prefix arg means replace the region with it.
+Noninteractive args are START, END, COMMAND, FLAG.
+Noninteractively FLAG means insert output in place of text from START to END,
+and put point at the end, but don't alter the mark.
+
+If the output is one line, it is displayed in the echo area,
+but it is nonetheless available in buffer `*Shell Command Output*'
+even though that buffer is not automatically displayed.  If there is no output
+or output is inserted in the current buffer then `*Shell Command Output*' is
+deleted." 
+  (interactive (list (min (point) (mark)) (max (point) (mark))
+		     (read-string "Shell command on region: "
+				  last-shell-command-on-region)
+		     current-prefix-arg
+		     (prefix-numeric-value current-prefix-arg)))
+  (if flag
+      ;; Replace specified region with output from command.
+      (let ((swap (and interactive (< (point) (mark)))))
+	;; Don't muck with mark
+	;; unless called interactively.
+	(and interactive (push-mark))
+	(call-process-region start end shell-file-name t t nil
+			     "-c" command)
+	(if (get-buffer "*Shell Command Output*")
+	    (kill-buffer "*Shell Command Output*"))
+	(and interactive swap (exchange-point-and-mark)))
+    ;; No prefix argument: put the output in a temp buffer,
+    ;; replacing its entire contents.
+    (let ((buffer (get-buffer-create "*Shell Command Output*")))
+      (if (eq buffer (current-buffer))
+	  ;; If the input is the same buffer as the output,
+	  ;; delete everything but the specified region,
+	  ;; then replace that region with the output.
+	  (progn (delete-region end (point-max))
+		 (delete-region (point-min) start)
+		 (call-process-region (point-min) (point-max)
+				      shell-file-name t t nil
+				      "-c" command))
+	;; Clear the output buffer, then run the command with output there.
+	(save-excursion
+	  (set-buffer buffer)
+	  (erase-buffer))
+	(call-process-region start end shell-file-name
+			     nil buffer nil
+			     "-c" command))
+      ;; Report the amount of output.
+      (let ((lines (save-excursion
+		     (set-buffer buffer)
+		     (if (= (buffer-size) 0)
+			 0
+		       (count-lines (point-min) (point-max))))))
+	(cond ((= lines 0)
+	       (message "(Shell command completed with no output)")
+	       (kill-buffer "*Shell Command Output*"))
+	      ((= lines 1)
+	       (message "%s"
+			(save-excursion
+			  (set-buffer buffer)
+			  (goto-char (point-min))
+			  (buffer-substring (point)
+					    (progn (end-of-line) (point))))))
+	      (t 
+	       (set-window-start (display-buffer buffer) 1)))))))
+
+(defun universal-argument ()
+  "Begin a numeric argument for the following command.
+Digits or minus sign following \\[universal-argument] make up the numeric argument.
+\\[universal-argument] following the digits or minus sign ends the argument.
+\\[universal-argument] without digits or minus sign provides 4 as argument.
+Repeating \\[universal-argument] without digits or minus sign
+ multiplies the argument by 4 each time."
+  (interactive nil)
+  (let ((c-u 4) (argstartchar last-command-char)
+	char)
+;   (describe-arg (list c-u) 1)
+    (setq char (read-char))
+    (while (= char argstartchar)
+      (setq c-u (* 4 c-u))
+;     (describe-arg (list c-u) 1)
+      (setq char (read-char)))
+    (prefix-arg-internal char c-u nil)))
+
+(defun prefix-arg-internal (char c-u value)
+  (let ((sign 1))
+    (if (and (numberp value) (< value 0))
+	(setq sign -1 value (- value)))
+    (if (eq value '-)
+	(setq sign -1 value nil))
+;   (describe-arg value sign)
+    (while (= ?- char)
+      (setq sign (- sign) c-u nil)
+;     (describe-arg value sign)
+      (setq char (read-char)))
+    (while (and (>= char ?0) (<= char ?9))
+      (setq value (+ (* (if (numberp value) value 0) 10) (- char ?0)) c-u nil)
+;     (describe-arg value sign)
+      (setq char (read-char)))
+    ;; Repeating the arg-start char after digits
+    ;; terminates the argument but is ignored.
+    (if (eq (lookup-key global-map (make-string 1 char)) 'universal-argument)
+	(setq char (read-char)))
+    (setq prefix-arg
+	  (cond (c-u (list c-u))
+		((numberp value) (* value sign))
+		((= sign -1) '-)))
+    (setq unread-command-char char)))
+
+;(defun describe-arg (value sign)
+; (cond ((numberp value)
+;	 (message "Arg: %d" (* value sign)))
+;	((consp value)
+;	 (message "Arg: C-u factor %d" (car value)))
+;	((< sign 0)
+;	 (message "Arg: -"))))
+
+(defun digit-argument (arg)
+  "Part of the numeric argument for the next command.
+\\[universal-argument] following digits or minus sign ends the argument."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (prefix-arg-internal last-command-char nil arg))
+
+(defun negative-argument (arg)
+  "Begin a negative numeric argument for the next command.
+\\[universal-argument] following digits or minus sign ends the argument."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (prefix-arg-internal ?- nil arg))
+
+(defun forward-to-indentation (arg)
+  "Move forward ARG lines and position at first nonblank character."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (forward-line arg)
+  (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
+
+(defun backward-to-indentation (arg)
+  "Move backward ARG lines and position at first nonblank character."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (forward-line (- arg))
+  (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
+
+(defun kill-line (&optional arg)
+  "Kill the rest of the current line; if no nonblanks there, kill thru newline.
+With prefix argument, kill that many lines from point.
+Negative arguments kill lines backward.
+
+When calling from a program, nil means \"no arg\",
+a number counts as a prefix arg."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (kill-region (point)
+	       (progn
+		 (if arg
+		     (forward-line (prefix-numeric-value arg))
+		   (if (eobp)
+		       (signal 'end-of-buffer nil))
+		   (if (looking-at "[ \t]*$")
+		       (forward-line 1)
+		     (end-of-line)))
+		 (point))))
+
+;;;; The kill ring
+
+(defvar kill-ring nil
+  "List of killed text sequences.")
+
+(defconst kill-ring-max 30
+  "*Maximum length of kill ring before oldest elements are thrown away.")
+
+(defvar kill-ring-yank-pointer nil
+  "The tail of the kill ring whose car is the last thing yanked.")
+
+(defun kill-append (string before-p)
+  (setcar kill-ring
+	  (if before-p
+	      (concat string (car kill-ring))
+	      (concat (car kill-ring) string))))
+
+(defun kill-region (beg end)
+  "Kill between point and mark.
+The text is deleted but saved in the kill ring.
+The command \\[yank] can retrieve it from there.
+\(If you want to kill and then yank immediately, use \\[copy-region-as-kill].)
+
+This is the primitive for programs to kill text (as opposed to deleting it).
+Supply two arguments, character numbers indicating the stretch of text
+ to be killed.
+Any command that calls this function is a \"kill command\".
+If the previous command was also a kill command,
+the text killed this time appends to the text killed last time
+to make one entry in the kill ring."
+  (interactive "r")
+  (if (and (not (eq buffer-undo-list t))
+	   (not (eq last-command 'kill-region))
+	   (not (eq beg end))
+	   (not buffer-read-only))
+      ;; Don't let the undo list be truncated before we can even access it.
+      (let ((undo-high-threshold (+ (- (max beg end) (min beg end)) 100)))
+	(delete-region beg end)
+	;; Take the same string recorded for undo
+	;; and put it in the kill-ring.
+	(setq kill-ring (cons (car (car buffer-undo-list)) kill-ring))
+	(if (> (length kill-ring) kill-ring-max)
+	    (setcdr (nthcdr (1- kill-ring-max) kill-ring) nil))
+	(setq this-command 'kill-region)
+	(setq kill-ring-yank-pointer kill-ring))
+    (copy-region-as-kill beg end)
+    (or buffer-read-only (delete-region beg end))))
+
+(defvar x-select-kill nil)
+
+(defun copy-region-as-kill (beg end)
+  "Save the region as if killed, but don't kill it.
+If `x-select-kill' is non-nil, also save the text for X cut and paste."
+  (interactive "r")
+  (if (eq last-command 'kill-region)
+      (kill-append (buffer-substring beg end) (< end beg))
+    (setq kill-ring (cons (buffer-substring beg end) kill-ring))
+    (if (> (length kill-ring) kill-ring-max)
+	(setcdr (nthcdr (1- kill-ring-max) kill-ring) nil)))
+  (if (and (eq window-system 'x) x-select-kill)
+      (x-own-selection (car kill-ring) (selected-screen)))
+  (setq this-command 'kill-region
+	kill-ring-yank-pointer kill-ring)
+  nil)
+
+(defun kill-ring-save (beg end)
+  "Save the region as if killed, but don't kill it."
+  (interactive "r")
+  (copy-region-as-kill beg end)
+  (message "%d characters copied to kill ring"
+	   (- (max beg end) (min beg end))))
+
+(defun append-next-kill ()
+  "Cause following command, if kill, to append to previous kill."
+  (interactive)
+  (if (interactive-p)
+      (progn
+	(setq this-command 'kill-region)
+	(message "If the next command is a kill, it will append"))
+    (setq last-command 'kill-region)))
+
+(defun rotate-yank-pointer (arg)
+  "Rotate the yanking point in the kill ring."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (let ((length (length kill-ring)))
+    (if (zerop length)
+	(error "Kill ring is empty")
+      (setq kill-ring-yank-pointer
+	    (nthcdr (% (+ arg (- length (length kill-ring-yank-pointer)))
+		       length)
+		    kill-ring)))))
+
+(defun yank-pop (arg)
+  "Replace just-yanked stretch of killed-text with a different stretch.
+This command is allowed only immediately after a  yank  or a  yank-pop.
+At such a time, the region contains a stretch of reinserted
+previously-killed text.  yank-pop  deletes that text and inserts in its
+place a different stretch of killed text.
+
+With no argument, the previous kill is inserted.
+With argument n, the n'th previous kill is inserted.
+If n is negative, this is a more recent kill.
+
+The sequence of kills wraps around, so that after the oldest one
+comes the newest one."
+  (interactive "*p")
+  (if (not (eq last-command 'yank))
+      (error "Previous command was not a yank"))
+  (setq this-command 'yank)
+  (let ((before (< (point) (mark))))
+    (delete-region (point) (mark))
+    (rotate-yank-pointer arg)
+    (set-mark (point))
+    (insert (car kill-ring-yank-pointer))
+    (if before (exchange-point-and-mark))))
+
+(defun yank (&optional arg)
+  "Reinsert the last stretch of killed text.
+More precisely, reinsert the stretch of killed text most recently
+killed OR yanked.
+With just C-U as argument, same but put point in front (and mark at end).
+With argument n, reinsert the nth most recently killed stretch of killed
+text.
+See also the command \\[yank-pop]."
+  (interactive "*P")
+  (rotate-yank-pointer (if (listp arg) 0
+			 (if (eq arg '-) -1
+			   (1- arg))))
+  (push-mark (point))
+  (insert (car kill-ring-yank-pointer))
+  (if (consp arg)
+      (exchange-point-and-mark)))
+
+(defun insert-buffer (buffer)
+  "Insert after point the contents of BUFFER.
+Puts mark after the inserted text.
+BUFFER may be a buffer or a buffer name."
+  (interactive (list (read-buffer "Insert buffer: " (other-buffer) t)))
+  (or (bufferp buffer)
+      (setq buffer (get-buffer buffer)))
+  (let (start end newmark)
+    (save-excursion
+      (save-excursion
+	(set-buffer buffer)
+	(setq start (point-min) end (point-max)))
+      (insert-buffer-substring buffer start end)
+      (setq newmark (point)))
+    (push-mark newmark)))
+
+(defun append-to-buffer (buffer start end)
+  "Append to specified buffer the text of the region.
+It is inserted into that buffer before its point.
+
+When calling from a program, give three arguments:
+BUFFER (or buffer name), START and END.
+START and END specify the portion of the current buffer to be copied."
+  (interactive "BAppend to buffer: \nr")
+  (let ((oldbuf (current-buffer)))
+    (save-excursion
+      (set-buffer (get-buffer-create buffer))
+      (insert-buffer-substring oldbuf start end))))
+
+(defun prepend-to-buffer (buffer start end)
+  "Prepend to specified buffer the text of the region.
+It is inserted into that buffer after its point.
+
+When calling from a program, give three arguments:
+BUFFER (or buffer name), START and END.
+START and END specify the portion of the current buffer to be copied."
+  (interactive "BPrepend to buffer: \nr")
+  (let ((oldbuf (current-buffer)))
+    (save-excursion
+      (set-buffer (get-buffer-create buffer))
+      (save-excursion
+	(insert-buffer-substring oldbuf start end)))))
+
+(defun copy-to-buffer (buffer start end)
+  "Copy to specified buffer the text of the region.
+It is inserted into that buffer, replacing existing text there.
+
+When calling from a program, give three arguments:
+BUFFER (or buffer name), START and END.
+START and END specify the portion of the current buffer to be copied."
+  (interactive "BCopy to buffer: \nr")
+  (let ((oldbuf (current-buffer)))
+    (save-excursion
+      (set-buffer (get-buffer-create buffer))
+      (erase-buffer)
+      (save-excursion
+	(insert-buffer-substring oldbuf start end)))))
+
+(defun mark ()
+  "Return this buffer's mark value as integer, or nil if no mark.
+If you are using this in an editing command, you are most likely making
+a mistake; see the documentation of `set-mark'."
+  (marker-position (mark-marker)))
+
+(defun set-mark (pos)
+  "Set this buffer's mark to POS.  Don't use this function!
+That is to say, don't use this function unless you want
+the user to see that the mark has moved, and you want the previous
+mark position to be lost.
+
+Normally, when a new mark is set, the old one should go on the stack.
+This is why most applications should use push-mark, not set-mark.
+
+Novice emacs-lisp programmers often try to use the mark for the wrong
+purposes.  The mark saves a location for the user's convenience.
+Most editing commands should not alter the mark.
+To remember a location for internal use in the Lisp program,
+store it in a Lisp variable.  Example:
+
+   (let ((beg (point))) (forward-line 1) (delete-region beg (point)))."
+
+  (set-marker (mark-marker) pos (current-buffer)))
+
+(defvar mark-ring nil
+  "The list of saved former marks of the current buffer,
+most recent first.")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'mark-ring)
+
+(defconst mark-ring-max 16
+  "*Maximum size of mark ring.  Start discarding off end if gets this big.")
+
+(defun set-mark-command (arg)
+  "Set mark at where point is, or jump to mark.
+With no prefix argument, set mark, and push previous mark on mark ring.
+With argument, jump to mark, and pop into mark off the mark ring.
+
+Novice emacs-lisp programmers often try to use the mark for the wrong
+purposes.  See the documentation of `set-mark' for more information."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if (null arg)
+      (push-mark)
+    (if (null (mark))
+	(error "No mark set in this buffer")
+      (goto-char (mark))
+      (pop-mark))))
+
+(defun push-mark (&optional location nomsg)
+  "Set mark at LOCATION (point, by default) and push old mark on mark ring.
+Displays \"Mark set\" unless the optional second arg NOMSG is non-nil.
+
+Novice emacs-lisp programmers often try to use the mark for the wrong
+purposes.  See the documentation of `set-mark' for more information."
+  (if (null (mark))
+      nil
+    (setq mark-ring (cons (copy-marker (mark-marker)) mark-ring))
+    (if (> (length mark-ring) mark-ring-max)
+	(progn
+	  (move-marker (car (nthcdr mark-ring-max mark-ring)) nil)
+	  (setcdr (nthcdr (1- mark-ring-max) mark-ring) nil))))
+  (set-mark (or location (point)))
+  (or nomsg executing-macro (> (minibuffer-depth) 0)
+      (message "Mark set"))
+  nil)
+
+(defun pop-mark ()
+  "Pop off mark ring into the buffer's actual mark.
+Does not set point.  Does nothing if mark ring is empty."
+  (if mark-ring
+      (progn
+	(setq mark-ring (nconc mark-ring (list (copy-marker (mark-marker)))))
+	(set-mark (+ 0 (car mark-ring)))
+	(move-marker (car mark-ring) nil)
+	(if (null (mark)) (ding))
+	(setq mark-ring (cdr mark-ring)))))
+
+(fset 'exchange-dot-and-mark 'exchange-point-and-mark)
+(defun exchange-point-and-mark ()
+  "Put the mark where point is now, and point where the mark is now."
+  (interactive nil)
+  (let ((omark (mark)))
+    (if (null omark)
+	(error "No mark set in this buffer"))
+    (set-mark (point))
+    (goto-char omark)
+    nil))
+
+(defun next-line (arg)
+  "Move cursor vertically down ARG lines.
+If there is no character in the target line exactly under the current column,
+the cursor is positioned after the character in that line which spans this
+column, or at the end of the line if it is not long enough.
+If there is no line in the buffer after this one,
+a newline character is inserted to create a line
+and the cursor moves to that line.
+
+The command \\[set-goal-column] can be used to create
+a semipermanent goal column to which this command always moves.
+Then it does not try to move vertically.  This goal column is stored
+in `goal-column', which is nil when there is none.
+
+If you are thinking of using this in a Lisp program, consider
+using `forward-line' instead.  It is usually easier to use
+and more reliable (no dependence on goal column, etc.)."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (if (= arg 1)
+      (let ((opoint (point)))
+	(forward-line 1)
+	(if (or (= opoint (point))
+		(not (eq (preceding-char) ?\n)))
+	    (insert ?\n)
+	  (goto-char opoint)
+	  (line-move arg)))
+    (line-move arg))
+  nil)
+
+(defun previous-line (arg)
+  "Move cursor vertically up ARG lines.
+If there is no character in the target line exactly over the current column,
+the cursor is positioned after the character in that line which spans this
+column, or at the end of the line if it is not long enough.
+
+The command \\[set-goal-column] can be used to create
+a semipermanent goal column to which this command always moves.
+Then it does not try to move vertically.
+
+If you are thinking of using this in a Lisp program, consider using
+`forward-line' with negative argument instead..  It is usually easier
+to use and more reliable (no dependence on goal column, etc.)."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (line-move (- arg))
+  nil)
+
+(defconst track-eol nil
+  "*Non-nil means vertical motion starting at end of line keeps to ends of lines.
+This means moving to the end of each line moved onto.
+The beginning of a blank line does not count as the end of a line.")
+
+(make-variable-buffer-local
+ (defvar goal-column nil
+   "*Semipermanent goal column for vertical motion, as set by \\[set-goal-column], or nil."))
+
+(defvar temporary-goal-column 0
+  "Current goal column for vertical motion.
+It is the column where point was
+at the start of current run of vertical motion commands.
+When the `track-eol' feature is doing its job, the value is 9999."
+
+(defun line-move (arg)
+  (if (not (or (eq last-command 'next-line)
+	       (eq last-command 'previous-line)))
+      (setq temporary-goal-column
+	    (if (and track-eol (eolp)
+		     ;; Don't count beg of empty line as end of line
+		     ;; unless we just did explicit end-of-line.
+		     (or (not (bolp)) (eq last-command 'end-of-line)))
+		9999
+	      (current-column))))
+  (if (not (integerp selective-display))
+      (forward-line arg)
+    ;; Move by arg lines, but ignore invisible ones.
+    (while (> arg 0)
+      (vertical-motion 1)
+      (forward-char -1)
+      (forward-line 1)
+      (setq arg (1- arg)))
+    (while (< arg 0)
+      (vertical-motion -1)
+      (beginning-of-line)
+      (setq arg (1+ arg))))
+  (move-to-column (or goal-column temporary-goal-column))
+  nil)
+
+
+(defun set-goal-column (arg)
+  "Set the current horizontal position as a goal for \\[next-line] and \\[previous-line].
+Those commands will move to this position in the line moved to
+rather than trying to keep the same horizontal position.
+With a non-nil argument, clears out the goal column
+so that \\[next-line] and \\[previous-line] resume vertical motion."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if arg
+      (progn
+        (setq goal-column nil)
+        (message "No goal column"))
+    (setq goal-column (current-column))
+    (message (substitute-command-keys
+	      "Goal column %d (use \\[set-goal-column] with an arg to unset it)")
+	     goal-column))
+  nil)
+
+(defun transpose-chars (arg)
+  "Interchange characters around point, moving forward one character.
+With prefix arg ARG, effect is to take character before point
+and drag it forward past ARG other characters (backward if ARG negative).
+If no argument and at end of line, the previous two chars are exchanged."
+  (interactive "*P")
+  (and (null arg) (eolp) (forward-char -1))
+  (transpose-subr 'forward-char (prefix-numeric-value arg)))
+
+(defun transpose-words (arg)
+  "Interchange words around point, leaving point at end of them.
+With prefix arg ARG, effect is to take word before or around point
+and drag it forward past ARG other words (backward if ARG negative).
+If ARG is zero, the words around or after point and around or after mark
+are interchanged."
+  (interactive "*p")
+  (transpose-subr 'forward-word arg))
+
+(defun transpose-sexps (arg)
+  "Like \\[transpose-words] but applies to sexps.
+Does not work on a sexp that point is in the middle of
+if it is a list or string."
+  (interactive "*p")
+  (transpose-subr 'forward-sexp arg))
+
+(defun transpose-lines (arg)
+  "Exchange current line and previous line, leaving point after both.
+With argument ARG, takes previous line and moves it past ARG lines.
+With argument 0, interchanges line point is in with line mark is in."
+  (interactive "*p")
+  (transpose-subr (function
+		   (lambda (arg)
+		     (if (= arg 1)
+			 (progn
+			   ;; Move forward over a line,
+			   ;; but create a newline if none exists yet.
+			   (end-of-line)
+			   (if (eobp)
+			       (newline)
+			     (forward-char 1)))
+		       (forward-line arg))))
+		  arg))
+
+(defun transpose-subr (mover arg)
+  (let (start1 end1 start2 end2)
+    (if (= arg 0)
+	(progn
+	  (save-excursion
+	    (funcall mover 1)
+	    (setq end2 (point))
+	    (funcall mover -1)
+	    (setq start2 (point))
+	    (goto-char (mark))
+	    (funcall mover 1)
+	    (setq end1 (point))
+	    (funcall mover -1)
+	    (setq start1 (point))
+	    (transpose-subr-1))
+	  (exchange-point-and-mark)))
+    (while (> arg 0)
+      (funcall mover -1)
+      (setq start1 (point))
+      (funcall mover 1)
+      (setq end1 (point))
+      (funcall mover 1)
+      (setq end2 (point))
+      (funcall mover -1)
+      (setq start2 (point))
+      (transpose-subr-1)
+      (goto-char end2)
+      (setq arg (1- arg)))
+    (while (< arg 0)
+      (funcall mover -1)
+      (setq start2 (point))
+      (funcall mover -1)
+      (setq start1 (point))
+      (funcall mover 1)
+      (setq end1 (point))
+      (funcall mover 1)
+      (setq end2 (point))
+      (transpose-subr-1)
+      (setq arg (1+ arg)))))
+
+(defun transpose-subr-1 ()
+  (if (> (min end1 end2) (max start1 start2))
+      (error "Don't have two things to transpose"))
+  (let ((word1 (buffer-substring start1 end1))
+	(word2 (buffer-substring start2 end2)))
+    (delete-region start2 end2)
+    (goto-char start2)
+    (insert word1)
+    (goto-char (if (< start1 start2) start1
+		 (+ start1 (- (length word1) (length word2)))))
+    (delete-char (length word1))
+    (insert word2)))
+
+(defconst comment-column 32
+  "*Column to indent right-margin comments to.
+Setting this variable automatically makes it local to the current buffer.")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'comment-column)
+
+(defconst comment-start nil
+  "*String to insert to start a new comment, or nil if no comment syntax defined.")
+
+(defconst comment-start-skip nil
+  "*Regexp to match the start of a comment plus everything up to its body.
+If there are any \\(...\\) pairs, the comment delimiter text is held to begin
+at the place matched by the close of the first pair.")
+
+(defconst comment-end ""
+  "*String to insert to end a new comment.
+Should be an empty string if comments are terminated by end-of-line.")
+
+(defconst comment-indent-hook
+  '(lambda () comment-column)
+  "Function to compute desired indentation for a comment.
+This function is called with no args with point at the beginning of
+the comment's starting delimiter.")
+
+(defun indent-for-comment ()
+  "Indent this line's comment to comment column, or insert an empty comment."
+  (interactive "*")
+  (beginning-of-line 1)
+  (if (null comment-start)
+      (error "No comment syntax defined")
+    (let* ((eolpos (save-excursion (end-of-line) (point)))
+	   cpos indent begpos)
+      (if (re-search-forward comment-start-skip eolpos 'move)
+	  (progn (setq cpos (point-marker))
+		 ;; Find the start of the comment delimiter.
+		 ;; If there were paren-pairs in comment-start-skip,
+		 ;; position at the end of the first pair.
+		 (if (match-end 1)
+		     (goto-char (match-end 1))
+		   ;; If comment-start-skip matched a string with internal
+		   ;; whitespace (not final whitespace) then the delimiter
+		   ;; start at the end of that whitespace.
+		   ;; Otherwise, it starts at the beginning of what was matched.
+		   (skip-chars-backward " \t" (match-beginning 0))
+		   (skip-chars-backward "^ \t" (match-beginning 0)))))
+      (setq begpos (point))
+      ;; Compute desired indent.
+      (if (= (current-column)
+	     (setq indent (funcall comment-indent-hook)))
+	  (goto-char begpos)
+	;; If that's different from current, change it.
+	(skip-chars-backward " \t")
+	(delete-region (point) begpos)
+	(indent-to indent))
+      ;; An existing comment?
+      (if cpos 
+	  (progn (goto-char cpos)
+		 (set-marker cpos nil))
+	;; No, insert one.
+	(insert comment-start)
+	(save-excursion
+	  (insert comment-end))))))
+
+(defun set-comment-column (arg)
+  "Set the comment column based on point.
+With no arg, set the comment column to the current column.
+With just minus as arg, kill any comment on this line.
+With any other arg, set comment column to indentation of the previous comment
+ and then align or create a comment on this line at that column."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if (eq arg '-)
+      (kill-comment nil)
+    (if arg
+	(progn
+	  (save-excursion
+	    (beginning-of-line)
+	    (re-search-backward comment-start-skip)
+	    (beginning-of-line)
+	    (re-search-forward comment-start-skip)
+	    (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
+	    (setq comment-column (current-column))
+	    (message "Comment column set to %d" comment-column))
+	  (indent-for-comment))
+      (setq comment-column (current-column))
+      (message "Comment column set to %d" comment-column))))
+
+(defun kill-comment (arg)
+  "Kill the comment on this line, if any.
+With argument, kill comments on that many lines starting with this one."
+  ;; this function loses in a lot of situations.  it incorrectly recognises
+  ;; comment delimiters sometimes (ergo, inside a string), doesn't work
+  ;; with multi-line comments, can kill extra whitespace if comment wasn't
+  ;; through end-of-line, et cetera.
+  (interactive "P")
+  (or comment-start-skip (error "No comment syntax defined"))
+  (let ((count (prefix-numeric-value arg)) endc)
+    (while (> count 0)
+      (save-excursion
+	(end-of-line)
+	(setq endc (point))
+	(beginning-of-line)
+	(and (string< "" comment-end)
+	     (setq endc
+		   (progn
+		     (re-search-forward (regexp-quote comment-end) endc 'move)
+		     (skip-chars-forward " \t")
+		     (point))))
+	(beginning-of-line)
+	(if (re-search-forward comment-start-skip endc t)
+	    (progn
+	      (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
+	      (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+	      (kill-region (point) endc)
+	      ;; to catch comments a line beginnings
+	      (indent-according-to-mode))))
+      (if arg (forward-line 1))
+      (setq count (1- count)))))
+
+(defun comment-region (beg end &optional arg)
+  "Comment the region; third arg numeric means use ARG comment characters.
+If ARG is negative, delete that many comment characters instead.
+Comments are terminated on each line, even for syntax in which newline does
+not end the comment.  Blank lines do not get comments."
+  ;; if someone wants it to only put a comment-start at the beginning and
+  ;; comment-end at the end then typing it, C-x C-x, closing it, C-x C-x
+  ;; is easy enough.  No option is made here for other than commenting
+  ;; every line.
+  (interactive "r\np")
+  (or comment-start (error "No comment syntax is defined"))
+  (if (> beg end) (let (mid) (setq mid beg beg end end mid)))
+  (save-excursion
+    (save-restriction
+      (let ((cs comment-start) (ce comment-end))
+        (cond ((not arg) (setq arg 1))
+              ((> arg 1)
+               (while (> (setq arg (1- arg)) 0)
+                 (setq cs (concat cs comment-start)
+                       ce (concat ce comment-end)))))
+        (narrow-to-region beg end)
+        (goto-char beg)
+        (while (not (eobp))
+          (if (< arg 0)
+              (let ((count arg))
+                (while (and (> 1 (setq count (1+ count)))
+                            (looking-at (regexp-quote cs)))
+                  (delete-char (length cs)))
+                (if (string= "" ce) ()
+                  (setq count arg)
+                  (while (> 1 (setq count (1+ count)))
+                    (end-of-line)
+                    ;; this is questionable if comment-end ends in whitespace
+                    ;; that is pretty brain-damaged though
+                    (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+                    (backward-char (length ce))
+                    (if (looking-at (regexp-quote ce))
+                        (delete-char (length ce))))))
+            (if (looking-at "[ \t]*$") ()
+              (insert cs)
+              (if (string= "" ce) ()
+                (end-of-line)
+                (insert ce)))
+            (search-forward "\n" nil 'move)))))))
+
+(defun backward-word (arg)
+  "Move backward until encountering the end of a word.
+With argument, do this that many times.
+In programs, it is faster to call forward-word with negative arg."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (forward-word (- arg)))
+
+(defun mark-word (arg)
+  "Set mark arg words away from point."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (push-mark
+    (save-excursion
+      (forward-word arg)
+      (point))))
+
+(defun kill-word (arg)
+  "Kill characters forward until encountering the end of a word.
+With argument, do this that many times."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (kill-region (point) (progn (forward-word arg) (point))))
+
+(defun backward-kill-word (arg)
+  "Kill characters backward until encountering the end of a word.
+With argument, do this that many times."
+  (interactive "p")
+  (kill-word (- arg)))
+
+(defconst fill-prefix nil
+  "*String for filling to insert at front of new line, or nil for none.
+Setting this variable automatically makes it local to the current buffer.")
+(make-variable-buffer-local 'fill-prefix)
+
+(defconst auto-fill-inhibit-regexp nil
+  "*Regexp to match lines which should not be auto-filled.")
+
+(defun do-auto-fill ()
+  (let (give-up)
+    (or (and auto-fill-inhibit-regexp
+	     (save-excursion (beginning-of-line)
+			     (looking-at auto-fill-inhibit-regexp)))
+	(while (and (not give-up) (> (current-column) fill-column))
+	  (let ((fill-point
+		 (let ((opoint (point)))
+		   (save-excursion
+		     (move-to-column (1+ fill-column))
+		     (skip-chars-backward "^ \t\n")
+		     (if (bolp)
+			 (re-search-forward "[ \t]" opoint t))
+		     (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+		     (point)))))
+	    ;; If there is a space on the line before fill-point,
+	    ;; and nonspaces precede it, break the line there.
+	    (if (save-excursion
+		  (goto-char fill-point)
+		  (not (bolp)))
+		;; If point is at the fill-point, do not `save-excursion'.
+		;; Otherwise, if a comment prefix or fill-prefix is inserted,
+		;; point will end up before it rather than after it.
+		(if (save-excursion
+		      (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+		      (= (point) fill-point))
+		    (indent-new-comment-line)
+		  (save-excursion
+		    (goto-char fill-point)
+		    (indent-new-comment-line)))
+	      ;; No place to break => stop trying.
+	      (setq give-up t)))))))
+
+(defconst comment-multi-line nil
+  "*Non-nil means \\[indent-new-comment-line] should continue same comment
+on new line, with no new terminator or starter.")
+
+(defun indent-new-comment-line ()
+  "Break line at point and indent, continuing comment if presently within one.
+The body of the continued comment is indented under the previous comment line."
+  (interactive "*")
+  (let (comcol comstart)
+    (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+    (delete-region (point)
+		   (progn (skip-chars-forward " \t")
+			  (point)))
+    (insert ?\n)
+    (save-excursion
+      (if (and comment-start-skip
+	       (let ((opoint (point)))
+		 (forward-line -1)
+		 (re-search-forward comment-start-skip opoint t)))
+	  ;; The old line is a comment.
+	  ;; Set WIN to the pos of the comment-start.
+	  ;; But if the comment is empty, look at preceding lines
+	  ;; to find one that has a nonempty comment.
+	  (let ((win (match-beginning 0)))
+	    (while (and (eolp) (not (bobp))
+			(let (opoint)
+			  (beginning-of-line)
+			  (setq opoint (point))
+			  (forward-line -1)
+			  (re-search-forward comment-start-skip opoint t)))
+	      (setq win (match-beginning 0)))
+	    ;; Indent this line like what we found.
+	    (goto-char win)
+	    (setq comcol (current-column))
+	    (setq comstart (buffer-substring (point) (match-end 0))))))
+    (if comcol
+	(let ((comment-column comcol)
+	      (comment-start comstart)
+	      (comment-end comment-end))
+	  (and comment-end (not (equal comment-end ""))
+	       (if (not comment-multi-line)
+		   (progn
+		     (forward-char -1)
+		     (insert comment-end)
+		     (forward-char 1))
+		 (setq comment-column (+ comment-column (length comment-start))
+		       comment-start "")))
+	  (if (not (eolp))
+	      (setq comment-end ""))
+	  (insert ?\n)
+	  (forward-char -1)
+	  (indent-for-comment)
+	  (save-excursion
+	    ;; Make sure we delete the newline inserted above.
+	    (end-of-line)
+	    (delete-char 1)))
+      (if fill-prefix
+	  (insert fill-prefix)
+	(indent-according-to-mode)))))
+
+(defun auto-fill-mode (&optional arg)
+  "Toggle auto-fill mode.
+With arg, turn auto-fill mode on if and only if arg is positive.
+In auto-fill mode, inserting a space at a column beyond  fill-column
+automatically breaks the line at a previous space."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (prog1 (setq auto-fill-function
+	       (if (if (null arg)
+		       (not auto-fill-function)
+		       (> (prefix-numeric-value arg) 0))
+		   'do-auto-fill
+		   nil))
+    ;; update mode-line
+    (set-buffer-modified-p (buffer-modified-p))))
+
+(defun turn-on-auto-fill ()
+  "Unconditionally turn on Auto Fill mode."
+  (auto-fill-mode 1))
+
+(defun set-fill-column (arg)
+  "Set fill-column to current column, or to argument if given.
+fill-column's value is separate for each buffer."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (setq fill-column (if (integerp arg) arg (current-column)))
+  (message "fill-column set to %d" fill-column))
+
+(defun set-selective-display (arg)
+  "Set selective-display to ARG; clear it if no arg.
+When selective-display is a number > 0,
+lines whose indentation is >= selective-display are not displayed.
+selective-display's value is separate for each buffer."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if (eq selective-display t)
+      (error "selective-display already in use for marked lines"))
+  (setq selective-display
+	(and arg (prefix-numeric-value arg)))
+  (set-window-start (selected-window) (window-start (selected-window)))
+  (princ "selective-display set to " t)
+  (prin1 selective-display t)
+  (princ "." t))
+
+(defun overwrite-mode (arg)
+  "Toggle overwrite mode.
+With arg, turn overwrite mode on iff arg is positive.
+In overwrite mode, printing characters typed in replace existing text
+on a one-for-one basis, rather than pushing it to the right."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (setq overwrite-mode
+	(if (null arg) (not overwrite-mode)
+	  (> (prefix-numeric-value arg) 0)))
+  (set-buffer-modified-p (buffer-modified-p))) ;No-op, but updates mode line.
+
+(defvar blink-matching-paren t
+  "*Non-nil means show matching open-paren when close-paren is inserted.")
+
+(defconst blink-matching-paren-distance 4000
+  "*If non-nil, is maximum distance to search for matching open-paren
+when close-paren is inserted.")
+
+(defun blink-matching-open ()
+  "Move cursor momentarily to the beginning of the sexp before point."
+  (interactive)
+  (and (> (point) (1+ (point-min)))
+       (/= (char-syntax (char-after (- (point) 2))) ?\\ )
+       blink-matching-paren
+       (let* ((oldpos (point))
+	      (blinkpos)
+	      (mismatch))
+	 (save-excursion
+	   (save-restriction
+	     (if blink-matching-paren-distance
+		 (narrow-to-region (max (point-min)
+					(- (point) blink-matching-paren-distance))
+				   oldpos))
+	     (condition-case ()
+		 (setq blinkpos (scan-sexps oldpos -1))
+	       (error nil)))
+	   (and blinkpos (/= (char-syntax (char-after blinkpos))
+			     ?\$)
+		(setq mismatch
+		      (/= (char-after (1- oldpos))
+			  (logand (lsh (aref (syntax-table)
+					     (char-after blinkpos))
+				       -8)
+				  255))))
+	   (if mismatch (setq blinkpos nil))
+	   (if blinkpos
+	       (progn
+		(goto-char blinkpos)
+		(if (pos-visible-in-window-p)
+		    (sit-for 1)
+		  (goto-char blinkpos)
+		  (message
+		   "Matches %s"
+		   (if (save-excursion
+			 (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+			 (not (bolp)))
+		       (buffer-substring (progn (beginning-of-line) (point))
+					 (1+ blinkpos))
+		     (buffer-substring blinkpos
+				       (progn
+					(forward-char 1)
+					(skip-chars-forward "\n \t")
+					(end-of-line)
+					(point)))))))
+	     (cond (mismatch
+		    (message "Mismatched parentheses"))
+		   ((not blink-matching-paren-distance)
+		    (message "Unmatched parenthesis"))))))))
+
+;Turned off because it makes dbx bomb out.
+(setq blink-paren-function 'blink-matching-open)
+
+; this is just something for the luser to see in a keymap -- this is not
+;  how quitting works normally!
+(defun keyboard-quit ()
+  "Signal a  quit  condition."
+  (interactive)
+  (signal 'quit nil))
+
+(define-key global-map "\C-g" 'keyboard-quit)
+
+(defun set-variable (var val)
+  "Set VARIABLE to VALUE.  VALUE is a Lisp object.
+When using this interactively, supply a Lisp expression for VALUE.
+If you want VALUE to be a string, you must surround it with doublequotes."
+  (interactive
+   (let* ((var (read-variable "Set variable: "))
+	  (minibuffer-help-form
+	   '(funcall myhelp))
+	  (myhelp
+	   (function
+	    (lambda ()
+	      (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*"
+		(prin1 var)
+		(princ "\nDocumentation:\n")
+		(princ (substring (documentation-property var 'variable-documentation)
+				  1))
+		(if (boundp var)
+		    (let ((print-length 20))
+		      (princ "\n\nCurrent value: ")
+		      (prin1 (symbol-value var))))
+		nil)))))
+     (list var
+	   (eval-minibuffer (format "Set %s to value: " var)))))
+  (set var val))
+
+;These commands are defined in editfns.c
+;but they are not assigned to keys there.
+(put 'narrow-to-region 'disabled t)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "n" 'narrow-to-region)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "w" 'widen)
+
+(define-key global-map "\C-j" 'newline-and-indent)
+(define-key global-map "\C-m" 'newline)
+(define-key global-map "\C-o" 'open-line)
+(define-key esc-map "\C-o" 'split-line)
+(define-key global-map "\C-q" 'quoted-insert)
+(define-key esc-map "^" 'delete-indentation)
+(define-key esc-map "\\" 'delete-horizontal-space)
+(define-key esc-map "m" 'back-to-indentation)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "\C-o" 'delete-blank-lines)
+(define-key esc-map " " 'just-one-space)
+(define-key esc-map "z" 'zap-to-char)
+(define-key esc-map "=" 'count-lines-region)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "=" 'what-cursor-position)
+(define-key esc-map "\e" 'eval-expression)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "\e" 'repeat-complex-command)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "u" 'advertised-undo)
+(define-key global-map "\C-_" 'undo)
+(define-key esc-map "!" 'shell-command)
+(define-key esc-map "|" 'shell-command-on-region)
+
+(define-key global-map "\C-u" 'universal-argument)
+(let ((i ?0))
+  (while (<= i ?9)
+    (define-key esc-map (char-to-string i) 'digit-argument)
+    (setq i (1+ i))))
+(define-key esc-map "-" 'negative-argument)
+
+(define-key global-map "\C-k" 'kill-line)
+(define-key global-map "\C-w" 'kill-region)
+(define-key esc-map "w" 'kill-ring-save)
+(define-key esc-map "\C-w" 'append-next-kill)
+(define-key global-map "\C-y" 'yank)
+(define-key esc-map "y" 'yank-pop)
+
+(define-key ctl-x-map "a" 'append-to-buffer)
+
+(define-key global-map "\C-@" 'set-mark-command)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "\C-x" 'exchange-point-and-mark)
+
+(define-key global-map "\C-n" 'next-line)
+(define-key global-map "\C-p" 'previous-line)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "\C-n" 'set-goal-column)
+
+(define-key global-map "\C-t" 'transpose-chars)
+(define-key esc-map "t" 'transpose-words)
+(define-key esc-map "\C-t" 'transpose-sexps)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "\C-t" 'transpose-lines)
+
+(define-key esc-map ";" 'indent-for-comment)
+(define-key esc-map "j" 'indent-new-comment-line)
+(define-key esc-map "\C-j" 'indent-new-comment-line)
+(define-key ctl-x-map ";" 'set-comment-column)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "f" 'set-fill-column)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "$" 'set-selective-display)
+
+(define-key esc-map "@" 'mark-word)
+(define-key esc-map "f" 'forward-word)
+(define-key esc-map "b" 'backward-word)
+(define-key esc-map "d" 'kill-word)
+(define-key esc-map "\177" 'backward-kill-word)
+
+(define-key esc-map "<" 'beginning-of-buffer)
+(define-key esc-map ">" 'end-of-buffer)
+(define-key ctl-x-map "h" 'mark-whole-buffer)
+(define-key esc-map "\\" 'delete-horizontal-space)
+
+(fset 'mode-specific-command-prefix (make-sparse-keymap))
+(defconst mode-specific-map (symbol-function 'mode-specific-command-prefix)
+  "Keymap for characters following C-c.")
+(define-key global-map "\C-c" 'mode-specific-command-prefix)