view lisp/eshell/eshell.el @ 107777:13c077500eb3

2010-04-04 John Wiegley <[e-mail]> * ido.el (ido-use-virtual-buffers): New variable to indicate whether "virtual buffer" support is enabled for IDO. Essentially it works as follows: Say you are visiting a file and the buffer gets cleaned up by mignight.el. Later, you want to switch to that buffer, but find it's no longer open. With virtual buffers enabled, the buffer name stays in the buffer list (using the ido-virtual face, and always at the end), and if you select it, it opens the file back up again. This allows you to think less about whether recently opened files are still open or not. Most of the time you can quit Emacs, restart, and then switch to a file buffer that was previously open as if it still were. NOTE: This feature has been present in iswitchb for several years now, and I'm porting the same logic to IDO. (ido-virtual): Face used to indicate virtual buffers in the list. (ido-buffer-internal): If a buffer is chosen, and no such buffer exists, but a virtual buffer of that name does (which would be why it was in the list), recreate the buffer by reopening the file. (ido-make-buffer-list): If virtual buffers are being used, call `ido-add-virtual-buffers-to-list' before the make list hook. (ido-virtual-buffers): New variable which contains a copy of the current contents of the `recentf-list', albeit pared down for the sake of speed, and with proper faces applied. (ido-add-virtual-buffers-to-list): Using the `recentf-list', create a list of "virtual buffers" to present to the user in addition to the currently open set. Note that this logic could get rather slow if that list is too large. With the default `recentf-max-saved-items' of 200, there is little speed penalty.

;;; eshell.el --- the Emacs command shell

;; Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004,
;;   2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

;; Author: John Wiegley <[e-mail]>
;; Version: 2.4.2
;; Keywords: processes

;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.

;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
;; (at your option) any later version.

;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;; GNU General Public License for more details.

;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;; along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

;;; Commentary:

;;;_* What does Eshell offer you?
;;
;; Despite the sheer fact that running an Emacs shell can be fun, here
;; are a few of the unique features offered by Eshell:
;;
;; @ Integration with the Emacs Lisp programming environment
;;
;; @ A high degree of configurability
;;
;; @ The ability to have the same shell on every system Emacs has been
;;   ported to. Since Eshell imposes no external requirements, and
;;   relies upon only the Lisp functions exposed by Emacs, it is quite
;;   operating system independent. Several of the common UNIX
;;   commands, such as ls, mv, rm, ln, etc., have been implemented in
;;   Lisp in order to provide a more consistent work environment.
;;
;; For those who might be using an older version of Eshell, version
;; 2.1 represents an entirely new, module-based architecture. It
;; supports most of the features offered by modern shells. Here is a
;; brief list of some of its more visible features:
;;
;; @ Command argument completion (tcsh, zsh)
;; @ Input history management (bash)
;; @ Intelligent output scrolling
;; @ Pseudo-devices (such as "/dev/clip" for copying to the clipboard)
;; @ Extended globbing (zsh)
;; @ Argument and globbing predication (zsh)
;; @ I/O redirection to buffers, files, symbols, processes, etc.
;; @ Many niceties otherwise seen only in 4DOS
;; @ Alias functions, both Lisp and Eshell-syntax
;; @ Piping, sequenced commands, background jobs, etc...
;;
;;;_* How to begin
;;
;; To start using Eshell, simply type `M-x eshell'.
;;
;;;_* Philosophy
;;
;; A shell is a layer which metaphorically surrounds the kernel, or
;; heart of an operating system.  This kernel can be seen as an engine
;; of pure functionality, waiting to serve, while the user programs
;; take advantage of that functionality to accomplish their purpose.
;;
;; The shell's role is to make that functionality accessible to the
;; user in an unformed state.  Very roughly, it associates kernel
;; functionality with textual commands, allowing the user to interact
;; with the operating system via linguistic constructs.  Process
;; invocation is perhaps the most significant form this takes, using
;; the kernel's `fork' and `exec' functions.
;;
;; Other programs also interact with the functionality of the kernel,
;; but these user applications typically offer a specific range of
;; functionality, and thus are not classed as "shells" proper.
;; (What they lose in quiddity, they gain in rigidity).
;;
;; Emacs is also a user application, but it does make the
;; functionality of the kernel accessible through an interpreted
;; language -- namely, Lisp.  For that reason, there is little
;; preventing Emacs from serving the same role as a modern shell.  It
;; too can manipulate the kernel in an unpredetermined way to cause
;; system changes.  All it's missing is the shell-ish linguistic
;; model.
;;
;; Enter Eshell.  Eshell translates "shell-like" syntax into Lisp
;; in order to exercise the kernel in the same manner as typical
;; system shells.  There is a fundamental difference here, however,
;; although it may seem subtle at first...
;;
;; Shells like csh and Bourne shell were written several decades ago,
;; in different times, under more restrictive circumstances.  This
;; confined perspective shows itself in the paradigm used by nearly
;; all command-line shells since.  They are linear in conception, byte
;; stream-based, sequential, and confined to movement within a single
;; host machine.
;;
;; Emacs, on the other hand, is more than just a limited translator
;; that can invoke subprocesses and redirect file handles.  It also
;; manages character buffers, windowing frames, network connections,
;; registers, bookmarks, processes, etc.  In other words, it's a very
;; multi-dimensional environment, within which eshell emulates a highly
;; linear methodology.
;;
;; Taking a moment, let's look at how this could affect the future of
;; a shell allowed to develop in such a wider field of play:
;;
;; @ There is no reason why directory movement should be linear, and
;;   confined to a single file-system.  Emacs, through w3 and ange-ftp,
;;   has access to the entire Web.  Why not allow a user to cd to
;;   multiple directories simultaneously, for example?  It might make
;;   some tasks easier, such as diff'ing files separated by very long
;;   pathnames.
;;
;; @ Data sources are available from anywhere Emacs can derive
;;   information from: not just from files or the output of other
;;   processes.
;;
;; @ Multiple shell invocations all share the same environment -- even
;;   the same process list!  It would be possible to have "process
;;   views", so that one buffer is watching standard output, another
;;   standard error, and another the result of standard output grep'd
;;   through a regular expression...
;;
;; @ It is not necessary to "leave" the shell, losing all input and
;;   output history, environment variables, directory stack, etc.
;;   Emacs could save the contents of your eshell environment, and
;;   restore all of it (or at least as much as possible) each time you
;;   restart.  This could occur automatically, without requiring
;;   complex initialization scripts.
;;
;; @ Typos occur all of the time; many of them are repeats of common
;;   errors, such as 'dri' for `dir'.  Since executing non-existent
;;   programs is rarely the intention of the user, eshell could prompt
;;   for the replacement string, and then record that in a database of
;;   known misspellings. (Note: The typo at the beginning of this
;;   paragraph wasn't discovered until two months after I wrote the
;;   text; it was not intentional).
;;
;; @ Emacs' register and bookmarking facilities can be used for
;;   remembering where you've been, and what you've seen -- to varying
;;   levels of persistence.  They could perhaps even be tied to
;;   specific "moments" during eshell execution, which would include
;;   the environment at that time, as well as other variables.
;;   Although this would require functionality orthogonal to Emacs'
;;   own bookmarking facilities, the interface used could be made to
;;   operate very similarly.
;;
;; This presents a brief idea of what the fuller dimensionality of an
;; Emacs shell could offer.  It's not just the language of a shell
;; that determines how it's used, but also the Weltanschauung
;; underlying its design -- and which is felt behind even the smallest
;; feature.  I would hope the freedom provided by using Emacs as a
;; parent environment will invite rich ideas from others.  It
;; certainly feels as though all I've done so far is to tie down the
;; horse, so to speak, so that he will run at a man's pace.
;;
;;;_* Influences
;;
;; The author of Eshell has been a long-time user of the following
;; shells, all of which contributed to Eshell's design:
;;
;; @ rc
;; @ bash
;; @ zsh
;; @ sh
;; @ 4nt
;; @ csh

;;;_* Speeding up load time
;;
;; If you find that Eshell loads too slowly, there is something you
;; can do to speed it up.
;;
;; Create a file, named /tmp/elc, containing this filelist:
;;
;;   esh-util.elc
;;   eshell.elc
;;   esh-module.elc
;;   esh-var.elc
;;   esh-proc.elc
;;   esh-arg.elc
;;   esh-io.elc
;;   esh-ext.elc
;;   esh-cmd.elc
;;   esh-mode.elc
;;   esh-opt.elc
;;   em-alias.elc
;;   em-banner.elc
;;   em-basic.elc
;;   em-cmpl.elc
;;   em-dirs.elc
;;   em-pred.elc
;;   em-glob.elc
;;   em-hist.elc
;;   em-ls.elc
;;   em-prompt.elc
;;   em-rebind.elc
;;   em-script.elc
;;   em-smart.elc
;;   em-term.elc
;;   em-unix.elc
;;   em-xtra.elc
;;
;; The order is very important.  Remove from the filelist any features
;; you don't use.  These all begin with "em-".  If you don't use
;; Eshell's key rebinding module, you can remove "em-rebind.elc" from
;; the filelist.  The modules you are currently using are listed in
;; `eshell-modules-list'.
;;
;; Now, concatenating all of the above mentioned .elc files, in that
;; order, to another file.  Here is how to do this on UNIX:
;;
;;   cat `cat /tmp/elc` > tmp.elc ; mv tmp.elc eshell.elc
;;
;; Now your eshell.elc file contains all of the .elc files that make
;; up Eshell, in the right load order.  When you next load Eshell, it
;; will only have to read in this one file, which will greatly speed
;; things up.

(eval-when-compile
  (require 'cl)
  (require 'esh-util))
(require 'esh-util)
(require 'esh-mode)

(defgroup eshell nil
  "A command shell implemented entirely in Emacs Lisp.
It invokes no external processes beyond those requested by the
user, and is intended to be a functional replacement for command
shells such as bash, zsh, rc, 4dos."
  :tag "The Emacs shell"
  :link '(info-link "(eshell)Top")
  :version "21.1"
  :group 'applications)

;; This is hack to force make-autoload to put the whole definition
;; into the autoload file (see esh-module.el).
(defalias 'eshell-defgroup 'defgroup)

;;;_* User Options
;;
;; The following user options modify the behavior of Eshell overall.
(defvar eshell-buffer-name)

(defsubst eshell-add-to-window-buffer-names ()
  "Add `eshell-buffer-name' to `same-window-buffer-names'."
  (add-to-list 'same-window-buffer-names eshell-buffer-name))

(defsubst eshell-remove-from-window-buffer-names ()
  "Remove `eshell-buffer-name' from `same-window-buffer-names'."
  (setq same-window-buffer-names
	(delete eshell-buffer-name same-window-buffer-names)))

(defcustom eshell-load-hook nil
  "A hook run once Eshell has been loaded."
  :type 'hook
  :group 'eshell)

(defcustom eshell-unload-hook
  '(eshell-remove-from-window-buffer-names
    eshell-unload-all-modules)
  "A hook run when Eshell is unloaded from memory."
  :type 'hook
  :group 'eshell)

(defcustom eshell-buffer-name "*eshell*"
  "The basename used for Eshell buffers."
  :set (lambda (symbol value)
	 ;; remove the old value of `eshell-buffer-name', if present
	 (if (boundp 'eshell-buffer-name)
	     (eshell-remove-from-window-buffer-names))
	 (set symbol value)
	 ;; add the new value
	 (eshell-add-to-window-buffer-names)
	 value)
  :type 'string
  :group 'eshell)

(eshell-deftest mode same-window-buffer-names
  "`eshell-buffer-name' is a member of `same-window-buffer-names'"
  (member eshell-buffer-name same-window-buffer-names))

(defcustom eshell-directory-name (convert-standard-filename "~/.eshell/")
  "The directory where Eshell control files should be kept."
  :type 'directory
  :group 'eshell)

(eshell-deftest mode eshell-directory-exists
  "`eshell-directory-name' exists and is writable"
  (file-writable-p eshell-directory-name))

(eshell-deftest mode eshell-directory-modes
  "`eshell-directory-name' has correct access protections"
  (or (eshell-under-windows-p)
      (= (file-modes eshell-directory-name)
	 eshell-private-directory-modes)))

;;;_* Running Eshell
;;
;; There are only three commands used to invoke Eshell.  The first two
;; are intended for interactive use, while the third is meant for
;; programmers.  They are:

;;;###autoload
(defun eshell (&optional arg)
  "Create an interactive Eshell buffer.
The buffer used for Eshell sessions is determined by the value of
`eshell-buffer-name'.  If there is already an Eshell session active in
that buffer, Emacs will simply switch to it.  Otherwise, a new session
will begin.  A numeric prefix arg (as in `C-u 42 M-x eshell RET')
switches to the session with that number, creating it if necessary.  A
nonnumeric prefix arg means to create a new session.  Returns the
buffer selected (or created)."
  (interactive "P")
  (assert eshell-buffer-name)
  (let ((buf (cond ((numberp arg)
		    (get-buffer-create (format "%s<%d>"
					       eshell-buffer-name
					       arg)))
		   (arg
		    (generate-new-buffer eshell-buffer-name))
		   (t
		    (get-buffer-create eshell-buffer-name)))))
    ;; Simply calling `pop-to-buffer' will not mimic the way that
    ;; shell-mode buffers appear, since they always reuse the same
    ;; window that that command was invoked from.  To achieve this,
    ;; it's necessary to add `eshell-buffer-name' to the variable
    ;; `same-window-buffer-names', which is done when Eshell is loaded
    (assert (and buf (buffer-live-p buf)))
    (pop-to-buffer buf)
    (unless (eq major-mode 'eshell-mode)
      (eshell-mode))
    buf))

(defun eshell-return-exits-minibuffer ()
  (define-key eshell-mode-map [(control ?g)] 'abort-recursive-edit)
  (define-key eshell-mode-map [return] 'exit-minibuffer)
  (define-key eshell-mode-map [(control ?m)] 'exit-minibuffer)
  (define-key eshell-mode-map [(control ?j)] 'exit-minibuffer)
  (define-key eshell-mode-map [(meta return)] 'exit-minibuffer)
  (define-key eshell-mode-map [(meta control ?m)] 'exit-minibuffer))

(defvar eshell-non-interactive-p nil
  "A variable which is non-nil when Eshell is not running interactively.
Modules should use this variable so that they don't clutter
non-interactive sessions, such as when using `eshell-command'.")

;;;###autoload
(defun eshell-command (&optional command arg)
  "Execute the Eshell command string COMMAND.
With prefix ARG, insert output into the current buffer at point."
  (interactive)
  (require 'esh-cmd)
  (unless arg
    (setq arg current-prefix-arg))
  (unwind-protect
      (let ((eshell-non-interactive-p t))
	(add-hook 'minibuffer-setup-hook 'eshell-mode)
	(add-hook 'minibuffer-exit-hook 'eshell-add-command-to-history)
	(add-hook 'eshell-mode-hook 'eshell-return-exits-minibuffer)
	(unless command
	  (setq command (read-from-minibuffer "Emacs shell command: "))))
    (remove-hook 'eshell-mode-hook 'eshell-return-exits-minibuffer)
    (remove-hook 'minibuffer-exit-hook 'eshell-add-command-to-history)
    (remove-hook 'minibuffer-setup-hook 'eshell-mode))
  (unless command
    (error "No command specified!"))
  ;; redirection into the current buffer is achieved by adding an
  ;; output redirection to the end of the command, of the form
  ;; 'COMMAND >>> #<buffer BUFFER>'.  This will not interfere with
  ;; other redirections, since multiple redirections merely cause the
  ;; output to be copied to multiple target locations
  (if arg
      (setq command
	    (concat command
		    (format " >>> #<buffer %s>"
			    (buffer-name (current-buffer))))))
  (save-excursion
    (let ((buf (set-buffer (generate-new-buffer " *eshell cmd*")))
	  (eshell-non-interactive-p t))
      (eshell-mode)
      (let* ((proc (eshell-eval-command
		    (list 'eshell-commands
			  (eshell-parse-command command))))
	     intr
	     (bufname (if (and proc (listp proc))
			  "*EShell Async Command Output*"
			(setq intr t)
			"*EShell Command Output*")))
	(if (buffer-live-p (get-buffer bufname))
	    (kill-buffer bufname))
	(rename-buffer bufname)
	;; things get a little coarse here, since the desire is to
	;; make the output as attractive as possible, with no
	;; extraneous newlines
	(when intr
	  (if (eshell-interactive-process)
	      (eshell-wait-for-process (eshell-interactive-process)))
	  (assert (not (eshell-interactive-process)))
	  (goto-char (point-max))
	  (while (and (bolp) (not (bobp)))
	    (delete-backward-char 1)))
	(assert (and buf (buffer-live-p buf)))
	(unless arg
	  (let ((len (if (not intr) 2
		       (count-lines (point-min) (point-max)))))
	    (cond
	     ((= len 0)
	      (message "(There was no command output)")
	      (kill-buffer buf))
	     ((= len 1)
	      (message "%s" (buffer-string))
	      (kill-buffer buf))
	     (t
	      (save-selected-window
		(select-window (display-buffer buf))
		(goto-char (point-min))
		;; cause the output buffer to take up as little screen
		;; real-estate as possible, if temp buffer resizing is
		;; enabled
		(and intr temp-buffer-resize-mode
		     (resize-temp-buffer-window)))))))))))

;;;###autoload
(defun eshell-command-result (command &optional status-var)
  "Execute the given Eshell COMMAND, and return the result.
The result might be any Lisp object.
If STATUS-VAR is a symbol, it will be set to the exit status of the
command.  This is the only way to determine whether the value returned
corresponding to a successful execution."
  ;; a null command produces a null, successful result
  (if (not command)
      (ignore
       (if (and status-var (symbolp status-var))
	   (set status-var 0)))
    (with-temp-buffer
      (let ((eshell-non-interactive-p t))
	(eshell-mode)
	(let ((result (eshell-do-eval
		       (list 'eshell-commands
			     (list 'eshell-command-to-value
				   (eshell-parse-command command))) t)))
	  (assert (eq (car result) 'quote))
	  (if (and status-var (symbolp status-var))
	      (set status-var eshell-last-command-status))
	  (cadr result))))))

(eshell-deftest mode simple-command-result
  "`eshell-command-result' works with a simple command."
  (= (eshell-command-result "+ 1 2") 3))

;;;_* Reporting bugs
;;
;; If you do encounter a bug, on any system, please report
;; it -- in addition to any particular oddities in your configuration
;; -- so that the problem may be corrected for the benefit of others.

;;;###autoload
(define-obsolete-function-alias 'eshell-report-bug 'report-emacs-bug "23.1")

;;; Code:

(defun eshell-unload-all-modules ()
  "Unload all modules that were loaded by Eshell, if possible.
If the user has require'd in any of the modules, or customized a
variable with a :require tag (such as `eshell-prefer-to-shell'), it
will be impossible to unload Eshell completely without restarting
Emacs."
  ;; if the user set `eshell-prefer-to-shell' to t, but never loaded
  ;; Eshell, then `eshell-subgroups' will be unbound
  (when (fboundp 'eshell-subgroups)
    (eshell-for module (eshell-subgroups 'eshell)
      ;; this really only unloads as many modules as possible,
      ;; since other `require' references (such as by customizing
      ;; `eshell-prefer-to-shell' to a non-nil value) might make it
      ;; impossible to unload Eshell completely
      (if (featurep module)
	  (ignore-errors
	    (message "Unloading %s..." (symbol-name module))
	    (unload-feature module)
	    (message "Unloading %s...done" (symbol-name module)))))
    (message "Unloading eshell...done")))

(run-hooks 'eshell-load-hook)

(provide 'eshell)

;; arch-tag: 9d4d5214-0e4e-4e02-b349-39add640d63f
;;; eshell.el ends here